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This article is about the City of Bareilly. For other uses of terms redirecting here, see
Bareilly (disambiguation),
History of Bareilly,
Bareilly District,
Bareilly Division,
Bareilly (Lok Sabha constituency),
Breilly - a commune in France,
Panchala Kingdom,
State of Rohilkhand,
Barelwi,
Raebareli - another city in India.
Bareilly 
pronunciation (help·info) is a prominent city in Bareilly district in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Standing on the Ramganga river, it is the capital of the Bareilly division and the geographical region Rohilkhand. It is located 252 kilometres (157 mi) north of the state capital, Lucknow, and 250 kilometres (155 mi) east of the national capital New Delhi.
Bareilly is a centre for the manufacturing of furniture and for trade in cotton, cereal and sugar. The status of the city was upgraded when its name was included in the "Counter Magnets" of the National Capital Region (NCR), a list that also including Hissar, Patiala, Kota and Gwalior.[1]
The city's population in 2001 was 699839.[2]
According to the epic Mahābhārata, Bareilly region (Panchala) is said to be birth place of Draupadi, who was also referred to as 'Panchali' (one from the kingdom of Panchāla) by kṛṣṇā (Lord krishna). When Yudhisthira becomes the king of Hastinapura at the end of the Mahābhārata, Draupadi becomes his queen. The folklore says that Gautama Buddha had once visited the ancient fortress city of Ahicchattra in Bareilly.[3] In the 12th Century, the kingdom was under the rule of different clans of Kshatriya Rajputs . With the Islamic Invasion the region became a part of the Delhi Sultanate before getting absorbed in the emerging Mughal Empire. The foundation of the modern City of Bareilly was laid by Mukrand Rai in 1657. Later the region became the capitol of Rohilkhand region before getting handed over to Nawab Vazir of Awadh and then to East India Company (transferred to the British India) and later becoming an integral part of India. The region has, also, acted as a mint for a major part of its history.
This fast-growing city is also known as Bans-Bareilly (Bansaldev & Baraldev). Though Bareilly is also a production center for cane (Bans) furniture, but it is just a coincidence. The name Bans Bareilly is not derived from its big bans (bamboo) market.It derived after the name of two prince named Bansaldev & Baraldev King Jagat Singh Kathehriya. Bareilly is also famous by the names of "Nath Nagri". The name Nath Nagri is derived out the presence of a lot of Lord Shiva Temples (Bhole Nath Temples) including Alakha Nath, Trivati Nath, Madhi Nath, Dhopeshwar Nath temples, Bankhandi Nath and Pasupati Nath. It is also famous for Ala Hazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan Fazil-e-Barelvi's Dargah all over the world.
Historically, Bareilly region was the capital of the ancient Kingdom of Uttara-Panchala (Northern Panchala). The Kingdom occupied the country (region) to the east of the Kuru Kingdom, i.e. between the upper Himalayas and the river Ganges. The country was divided into Uttara-Panchala (Northern Panchala) and Dakshina-Panchala (Southern Panchala).
The Uttara-Panchala (Northern Panchala) had its capital at Ahicchattra (also known as Adhichhatra and Chhatravati, near present-day Ramnagar village in Aonla region of Bareilly, while Dakshina-Panchala (Southern Panchala) had it capital at Kampilya or Kampil in Farrukhabad district.
The names of the last two Panchala clans, the Somakas and the Srinjayas are also mentioned in the Mahabharata and the Puranas. King Drupada, whose daughter Draupadi, was married to the Pandavas belonged to the Somaka clan.[4] However, the Mahabharata and the Puranas consider the ruling clan of the northern Panchala as an offshoot of the Bharata clan and Divodasa, Sudas, Srinjaya, Somaka and Drupada (also called Yajnasena) were the most notable rulers of this clan.[5]
The experiment in non-monarchical form of Government in Panchala was soon engulfed in the growing Magadhen imperialism - first under the Nandas and then under the Mauryas. The fall of the Mauryan empire saw the emergence of numerous small and independent states in the whole Ganga Valley. It saw a remarkable revival in the fortunes of Panchala which once again came to occupy a very significant position in the history of north India.
Coin of Agnimitra, showing the depiction of
Agni with flaming hair on the obverse, and a reverse showing the three dynastic symbols of the Panchala rulers and a legend naming the king: Agimitasa.
Coin of Achyuta, the last Panchala king, showing an 8-spoked wheel and the king's name: Achyu.
Panchala emerges at this time as one of the strongest powers in India. About 25 kings who have ruled during this period have left behind thousands of coins. During the period between the fall of the Mauryas and the rise of the Guptas, the Panchalas had two phases of power - first the pre Kushana phase i.e. from C-150 BC to AD 125 and secondly a short period of fifty years after the fall of the Kushanas, which ended in CAD 350 when Panchala was assimilated in the Gupta empire by Samudragupta. Under the Guptas Ahichhatra was one of the provinces into which the Gupta empire was divided.
Evidence reveal that the Panchal coins were minted at Bareilly and the surrounding areas during 176 - 166 BC. Kushan and Gupta kings established mints in the region and this status was retained till the Christian era. Found at Ganga Ghati in abundance were the Adi Vigraha and Shree Vigraha coins of the Pratihara Kings that were minted here between the 4th to the 9th centuries. Dating to this period are also the silver coins — similar to those of Firoz Second — known as Indo-Sasanian.[6] Later, the city's continued status as a Mint town since the beginning of the Christian era was helped by the fact that Bareilly was never a disturbed area. (except at the time of the Independence Struggle)
The amalgamation of several religious and popular beliefs may be observed throughout the history of Panchala in ancient India. In addition to being associated with the activities of pravahana Jaivali, Gargayayana, Uddalaka etc. responsible for giving a distinctive touch to the later vedic thought, the region was also a prominent centre of popular beliefs such as the cult of Nagas, Yaksas and Vetalas.
After the fall of the Guptas in the latter half of the 6th century the district of Bareilly came under the domination of the Maukharis. Under the emperor Harsha (606-47 AD) the district was the part of the Ahichhatra Bhukti.
In the 6th Cent. BC, the Panchala was among one of the sixteen mehajanapadas of India. The city was also influenced by Buddha and his followers. The remains of Buddhist monasteries at Ahichhatra are quite extensive. The folklore says that Gautama Buddha had once visited the ancient fortress city of Ahicchattra in Bareilly.[3]
The Jain tirthamkara Parshvanath is said to have attained Kaivalya at Ahichhatra. The echoes of the Bhagavates and the Saivas at Ahichhatrra can still be seen in the towering monuments of a massive temples, which is the most imposing structure of the site.
During Harsha's reign the Chinese pilgrim Hiuen Tsang also visited Ahichhatra about 635 AD.[7]
The folklore says that Gautama Buddha had once visited the ancient fortress city of Ahicchattra in Bareilly.[3]
After the death of Harsha this region falls under anarchy and confusion. In the second quarter of eighth century the district was included in the kingdom of Yashavarman (725-52 AD) of Kannauj and after him the Ayudha kings also Kannauj became the masters of the district for several decades. With the rise of the power of the Gurjara Pratiharas in the 9th century, Bareilly came under their sway. It continued under their subordination till the end of the tenth century.
Mahmud of Ghazni gave a death blow to the already decaying Gurjara Pretihara power. After the fall of the Gurjara Pretiharas Ahichhetra ceases to remain a flourishing cultural centre of the region. The seat of the royal power was shifted from Ahichhatra to Vodamayuta or modern Badaun as the irrefutable evidence of Rashtrakuta Chief Lakhanpalas inscription shows.
After the fall of the Gurjara Pretihara, the City was under the rule of local rulers. In the twelfth century it was ruled by different clans of Rajputs referred to by the general name of Katehriyas (Kshatriya) Rajputs. The province was largely held by Rajputs of different clans such as Bachal, Gaur, Chauhan and Rathor.[8] The tract of land forming the subah or province (of Rohilkhand) was formerly called Katehr/Katiher.[9]
The Katehriyas are to be noted for their conspicuous role in persistently resisting the onslaught of the Delhi rulers till as late as the time of Akbar. The origin and the rise of the Katehar Rajputs in the region is a mystery and a matter of controversy.[7]
At the beginning of the thirteenth century, when the Delhi Sultanate was firmly established, Katehr was divided into the provinces of Sambhal and Budaun. But the thickly forested country infested with wild animals provided just the right kind of shelter for rebels. And indeed, Katehr was famous for rebellions against imperial authority. During the Sultanate rule, there were frequent rebellions in Katehr. All were ruthlessly crushed. Sultan Balban (1266–1287) ordered vast tracts of jungle to be cleared so as to make the area unsafe for the insurgents.
The slightest weakening of the central authority provoked acts of defiance from the Katehriya Rajputs. Thus the Mughals initiated the policy of allotting lands for Afghan settlements in Katiher.[10] Afghan settlements continued to be encouraged throughout the reign of Aurangzeb (1658–1707) and even after his death. These Afghans, known as the Rohilla Afghans, caused the area to be known as Rohilkhand.[11] This move by Mughal emperor Aurangzeb Alamgir was aimed to suppress Rajput uprisings, which had afflicted this region. Originally, some 20,000 soldiers from various Pashtun Tribes (Yusafzais, Lodis, Ghilzai, Barech, Marwat, Durrani, Tanoli, Tarin, Kakar, Khattak, Afridi and Baqarzai) were hired by Mughals to provide soldiers to the Mughal armies and this was appreciated by Aurangzeb Alamgir, an additional force of 25,000 men was given respected positions in Mughal Army. However most of them settled in the Katehar region during Nadir Shah's invasion of northern India in 1739 increasing their population up to 100,0000. Due to the large settlement of Rohilla Afghans, the Katehar region gained fame as Rohilkhand.
The city of Bareilly was founded in 1537 by Basdeo, a Katehriya Rajput. The city is mentioned in the histories for the first time by Budayuni who he writes that one Husain Quli Khan was appointed the governor of 'Bareilly and Sambhal' in 1568. The divisions and revenue of the district "being fixed by Todar Mal" were recorded by Abul Fazl in 1596. The foundation of the 'modern' City of Bareilly was laid by Mukrand Rai in 1657. In 1658, Bareilly was made the headquarters of the province of Budaun.[12]
The Mughal policy of encouraging Afghan settlements for keeping the Katehriyas in check worked only as long as the central government was strong. After Aurangzeb's death, the Afghans, having themselves become local potentates, began to seize and occupy neighboring villages.
Regions of Uttar Pradesh including Rohilkhand(with Bareilly as its capital)
In 1623 two Afghan brothers of the Barech tribe, Shah Alam and Husain Khan, settled in the region, bringing with them many other Pashtun settlers. It was with the immigration of Daud Khan, an Afghan slave (who originally hails from Roh in Afghanistan) in the region that the Afghan Rohillas had come into prominence. His adopted son Ali Muhammad Khan succeeded in carving out an estate for himself in the district with his headquarter in the region. He was ultimately made the lawful governor of Kateher by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb Alamgir (ruled 1658-1707), and the region was henceforth called "the land of the Ruhelas." Eventually after the end of the Mughal Empire many Pathans migrated from Rohilkhand.
Bareilly as a ruined city became crowded with unemployed, restless Rohilla Pathans. Many urban cities in Uttar Pradesh were experiencing economic stagnation and poverty. Naturally, this led to heavy migration overseas to Suriname and Guyana.[13]
Meanwhile, Ali Muhammad Khan (1737–1749), grandson of Shah Alam, captured the city of Bareilly and made it his capital, later uniting the Rohillas to form the 'State of Rohilkhand', between 1707 and 1720, making Bareilly his capital. He rapidly rose to power and got confirmed in possession of the lands he had seized. The Emperor created him a Nawab in 1737, and he was recognised as the governor of Rohilkhand in 1740.
According to 1901 census of India, the total Pathan population in Bareilly District was 40,779, out of a total population of 1,090,117.[14] Their principal clans were the Yusafzais, Lodis, Ghilzai, Barech, Marwat, Durrani, Tanoli, Tarin, Kakar, Khattak, Afridi and Baqarzai. Other important cities were Rampur, Shahjahanpur, Badaun, and others.[15]
Ali Muhammad was succeeded by Hafiz Rahmat Khan Barech (1749–1774), whom he appointed h¹fiz or regent of Rohilkhand on his deathbed.[16] Hafiz Rahmat Khan Barech extended the power of Rohilkhand from Almora in the North to Etawah in the South-West.
Under Rahmat Ali Khan, Rohilla power continued to rise, though the area was torn by strife amongst the rival chieftains and continuous struggles with the neighbouring powers, particularly the Nawab Vazirs of Awadh,[17] the Bangash Nawabs,[18] and the Marathas.[19]
The term Rohilla is derived from the Pashtu Roh, meaning mountain, and literally means a mountain air, and was used by the Baluch and Jats of the Derajat region to refer to the Pashtun mountains tribes of Loralai, Zhob and Waziristan regions. The Muslims in the area are chiefly the descendants of Yousafzai Afghans tribe of Pashtuns, called the Rohilla Pathans of the Mandanh sub-section, (but other Pashtuns also became part of the community), who settled in the country about the year 1720.[20] Rohilla's Sardar like Daud Khan, Ali Muhammad Khan, and Hafiz Rahmat Khan Barech were from the Afghan tribe the Barech, who were originally from the Kandahar Province of Afghanistan. In Uttar Pradesh, it was used for all Pashtuns, except for the Shia Bangashes who settled in the Rohilkhand region, or men serving under Rohilla chiefs. Rohillas were distinguished by their separate language and culture. They spoke Pashto among each other but gradually lost their language over time and now converse in Urdu.
Bishop Heber described them as follows: - "The country is burdened with a crowd of lazy, profligate, self-called sawars (cavaliers), who, though many of them are not worth a rupee, conceive it derogatory to their gentility and Pathan blood to apply themselves to any honest industry, and obtain for the most part a precarious livelihood by sponging on the industrious tradesmen and farmers, on whom they levy a sort of blackmail, or as hangers-on to the wealthy and noble families yet remaining in the province. These men have no visible means of maintenance, and no visible occupation except that of lounging up and down with their swords and shields, like the ancient Highlanders, whom in many respects they much resemble."[20]
Rohilkhand (under Hafiz Rahmat Khan Barech) was on the on the winning side at the Third Battle of Panipat of 1761 and successfully blocked the expansion of the Maratha Empire into north India. In 1772 Rohilkhand was invaded by the Marathas; however the Nawabs of Awadh came to the aid of the Rohillas in repulsing the invasion. After the war Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula demanded payment for their help from the Rohilla chief, Hafiz Rahmat Khan Barech. When the demand was refused the Nawab joined with the British under Governor Warren Hastings and his Commander-in-Chief, Alexander Champion, to invade Rohilkhand. The combined forces of Shuja-ud Daulah, the Nawab of Awadh and the Company's forces led by Colonel Champion defeated Hafiz Rahmat Ali Khan in 1774. Hafiz Rahmat Khan Barech was killed in the ensuing battle at Miranpur Katra in 1774. His death finally closing the chapter of Rohilla rule.
Rohilkhand was handed over to the Nawab Vazir of Awadh. From 1774 to 1800, the province was ruled by the Nawabs of Awadh. By 1801, the subsidies due under the various treaties for support of a British force had fallen into hopeless arrears. In order to defray the debt, Nawab Saadat Ali Khan surrendered Rohilkhand to the East India Company by the treaty of November 10, 1801. [21]
During this period too, Bareilly retained its status as a mint. Emperor Akbar and his descendants minted gold and silver coins at mints in Bareilly. The Afghan conqueror Ahmed Shah Durani too minted gold and silver coins at the Bareilly mint.
During the time of Shah Alam II, Bareilly was the headquarters of Rohilla Sardar Hafiz Rehmat Khan and many more coins were issued. After that, the city was in possession of Awadh Nawab Asaf-ud-Daulah. The coins that he issued had Bareilly, Bareilly Aasfabad, and Bareilly kite and fish as identification marks. After that, the minting of coins passed on to the East India Company.[22]
The Rohillas, after fifty years' precarious independence, were subjugated in 1774 by the confederacy of British troops with the nawab of Oudh's army, which formed so serious a charge against Warren Hastings. Their territory was in that year annexed to Oudh. In 1801 the nawab of Oudh ceded it to the Company in commutation of the subsidy money.[20]
A 1912 map of 'Northern India The Revolt of 1857-59' showing the centres of rebellion including the principal ones:
Meerut,
Delhi, Bareilly, (
Kanpur), Lucknow,
Jhansi, and
Gwalior
After the Rohilla War, the change of the power structure did little to soothe the troubled strife torn area; rather the change had the effect to aggravate a precarious state of affairs. There was a general spirit of discontent throughout the district. In 1812, an inordinate enhancement in the revenue demand[23] and then in 1814 the imposition of a new house tax caused a lot of resentment against the British. "Business stood still, shops were shut and multitudes assembled near the courthouse to petition for the abolition of the tax." The Magistrate, Dembleton, already an unpopular man made things worse by ordering the assessment to be made by a Kotwal. In the skirmish that took place between the rebel masses and the sepoys under Captain Cunningham, three or four hundred people died. In 1818, Glyn was posted as Acting Judge, and the Magistrate of Bareilly, and the Joint Magistrate of Bulundshahr.
In research ordered by Glyn asking Ghulam Yahya to write an account about 'craftsmen, the names of tools of manufacture and production and their dress and manners', eleven trades found out to be most popular means of livelihood in and around Bareilly in the 1820s were glass manufacture, manufacture of glass bangles, manufacture of lac bangles, crimping, gram parching, wire drawing, charpoy weaving, manufacture of gold and silver thread, keeping a grocer's shop, making jewellery and selling kab¹bs.[12]
Bareilly (Rohilkhand) was a major centre during The Indian Rebellion of 1857 (also known as India's First War of Independence). The Rebellion which began as a mutiny of native soldiers (sepoys) employed by the British East India Company's army, against perceived race based injustices and inequities, on 10 May 1857, in the town of Meerut, soon erupted into other mutinies and civilian rebellions which were mainly centered on north central India along the several major river valleys draining the south face of the Himalayas [See red annotated locations on Map at right] but with local episodes extending both northwest to Peshawar on the north-west frontier with Afghanistan and southeast beyond Delhi. Communal hatred led to ugly communal riots in many parts of U.P. The green flag was hoisted and Muslims in Bareilly, Bijnor, Moradabad, and other places the Muslims shouted for the revival of Muslim kingdom.[24]
During the Mutiny of 1857 the Rohillas took a very active part against the English, but since then they have been disarmed.[20] Khan Badur Khan Rohilla, the grandson of Hafiz Rahmat Khan formed his own government in Bareilly in 1857 Indian revolt against British. There was a widespread popular revolt in many areas such as Awadh, Bundelkhand and Rohilkhand. The rebellion was therefore more than just a military rebellion, and it spanned more than one region.
During the First War of Indian Independence in 1857, Khan Bhadur Khan issued silver coins from Bareilly as an independent ruler. These coins are a novelty as far as the numismatist is concerned.[25]
When the Indian Rebellion of 1857 failed Bareilly, too, was subjugated. Khan Bahadur Khan was sentenced to death and hanged in the Kotwali on February 24, 1860.
The main conflict occurred largely in the upper Gangetic plain and central India, with the major hostilities confined to present-day Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, northern Madhya Pradesh, and the Delhi region.[26] The rebellion posed a considerable threat to British East Indian Company power in that region,[27] and it was contained only with the fall of Gwalior on 20 June 1858.[26] Some[who?] regard the rebellion as the first of several movements over ninety years to achieve independence, which was finally achieved in 1947.
Bareilly also holds a recognition for being a seat of Islamic scholar and sufi Ahmed Raza Khan Fazil-e-Barelvi(1856–1921 CE),whose works influenced the Barelvi movement of South Asia and his son, Mustafa Raza Khan, commonly known among the Muslims of South Asia as Mufti e Azam e Hind, was born in Bareilly. Ahmed Raza Khan was an authority on numerous topics, including Islamic law, religion, philosophy and the sciences. He was a prolific writer, producing nearly 1,000 works in his lifetime.
The population in 1901 was 1,090,117. Bareilly, also, was the headquarters of a brigade in the 7th division of the eastern army corps in British period.[20] रवि प्रभाकर फ़तेहगंज प0
Bareilly is located at 28°10′N, 78°23′E, and lies in northern India. It borders Pilibhit and Shahjahanpur on East and Rampur on west, Udham Singh Nagar (Uttarakhand) in North and Badaun in South. It is a level terrain, watered by many streams, the general slope being towards the south. The soil is fertile and highly cultivated, groves of noble trees abound, and the villages have a neat, prosperous look. A tract of forest jungle, called the tarai, stretches along the extreme north of the district, and teems with large game, such as tigers, bears, deer, wild pigs, &c. The river Sarda or Gogra forms the eastern boundary of the district and is the principal stream. Next in importance is the Ramganga, which receives as its tributaries most of the hill torrents of the Kumaon mountains. The Deoha is another great drainage artery and receives many minor streams. The Gomati or Gumti also passes through the district.[20]
| Climate data for Bareilly |
| Month |
Jan |
Feb |
Mar |
Apr |
May |
Jun |
Jul |
Aug |
Sep |
Oct |
Nov |
Dec |
Year |
| Average high °C (°F) |
21.9
(71.4) |
25.2
(77.4) |
31.2
(88.2) |
37.5
(99.5) |
40.5
(104.9) |
38.7
(101.7) |
34.0
(93.2) |
32.8
(91.0) |
33.3
(91.9) |
32.4
(90.3) |
28.5
(83.3) |
23.6
(74.5) |
31.6
(88.9) |
| Average low °C (°F) |
8.5
(47.3) |
10.9
(51.6) |
15.6
(60.1) |
21.4
(70.5) |
25.1
(77.2) |
27.0
(80.6) |
25.9
(78.6) |
25.7
(78.3) |
24.4
(75.9) |
19.7
(67.5) |
13.2
(55.8) |
9.1
(48.4) |
18.9
(66.0) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) |
22.1
(0.87) |
20.3
(0.799) |
17.6
(0.693) |
6.2
(0.244) |
18.2
(0.717) |
111.8
(4.402) |
299.7
(11.799) |
317.0
(12.48) |
166.0
(6.535) |
85.8
(3.378) |
3.1
(0.122) |
4.1
(0.161) |
1,071.9
(42.201) |
| Source: IMD |
Bareilly is known to have moderate climate. The city lies entirely in the Ganges plains. The low-lying Ganges plains provide fertile alluvial soil suitable for agriculture. However, these some lower part of plains are prone to recurrent floods. Bareilly lies on the bank of river Ramganga and there are seven rivers passing through this district. The lower Himalayan range is just 40 km from it and it lies in north of it.
In 2011, Bareilly had population of 898,167 of which male and female were 477,438 and 420,729 respectively. In the previous census of India 2001, Bareilly District recorded increase of 27.66 percent to its population compared to 1991.
The initial provisional data suggest a density of 1,084 in 2011 compared to 878 of 2001. Total area under Bareilly district is of about 4,120 km2.
Average literacy rate of Bareilly city in 2011 were 84% compared to 81% of 2001. If things are looked out at gender wise, male and female literacy were 69.47 and 50.35 respectively. For 2001 census, same figures stood at 58.73 and 35.22 in Bareilly District. Total literate in Bareilly District were 2,297,158 of which male and female were 1,402,668 and 894,490 respectively. In 2001, Bareilly District had 1,387,124 in its total region.
With regards to Sex Ratio in Bareilly, it stood at 883 per 1000 male compared to 2001 census figure of 871. The average national sex ratio in India is 940 as per latest reports of Census 2011 Directorate.
A statue of a Woman Soldier on a Horse.
In census enumeration, data regarding child under 0-6 age were also collected for all districts including Bareilly. There were total 669,681 children under age of 0-6 against 719,217 of 2001 census. Of total 669,681 male and female were 352,479 and 317,202 respectively. Child Sex Ratio as per census 2011 was 906 compared to 906 of census 2001. In 2011, Children under 0-6 formed 15.00 percent of Bareilly District compared to 19.88 percent of 2001. There was net change of -4.88 percent in this compared to previous census of India.
Bareilly District population constituted 2.24 percent of total Uttar Pradesh population. In 2001 census, this figure for Bareilly District was at 2.24 percent of Uttar Pradesh population.[28]
The area under the city region is 123.46 km². The density of the population is among the high in the country touching 5000 per km2.
Hindus form 57% of population. The main population consists such as the Baniya, Punjabi, Kayasth, Kurmi, jatav, deval Thakurs, . Muslims contribute 34%, mainly Ansari, Behna, Rohilla, Rayeen, Ranghar and Shaikh) of the population. Sikhs form about 10% of population and rest are jain, buddhist and Christians. The city consists of large number of people who were settled here after partition from Western Punjab along with the cities of Rudrapur, Delhi, Jammu, Chandigarh, Ambala, Dehradun & Haridwar.
Bareilly has an average literacy rate of 84%, higher than the national average of 74%, with 90% of the males and 77% of females literate making it under top three districts in terms of literacy in Uttar Pradesh. The main languages spoken are Hindi, English, Urdu, Punjabi, and Kumaoni.
For administrative convenience, the district of Bareilly has been divided into six tehsils namely Bareilly (Main), Aonla, Faridpur, Mirganj, Nawabganj, and Baheri and 14 blocks.
News papers 1.Dainik jagran 2.Amar ujjala 3.Hindustan 4.punjab kesri 5.Aaj 6.Khusro mail 7.Visva manav 8.Jan morcha 9.In dino 10.Rastria sahara 11.Nav bharat times 11.The times of India 12.Hindustan times 13.Dainik bhaskar 14.The Hindu 15.Economic times
- Ramleela - played in ram Leela ground around 15 days oct-nov local actor play the role in ramleela
- Uttaryanee Mela - A fair exhibiting the traditions of Uttarakhand citizens in their own Bareilly.
In recent times, four eminent personalities have emerged who can all claim Bareilly as their home city:
The city has many arts and cultural organizations with many art galleries and theaters all around the city. The 'Craft Fair' organized each year at YugVeena Library serves as a platform for many artist to get recognition. Strongly influenced by the city's immigrants from nearby region, Bareilly has a mix of different cultures including Brij culture (of Mathura), Awadhi culture (of Lucknow), Pahaari culture of Kumaun region (Uttrakhand) and Harayanvi Culture (of North-West Uttar Pradesh). It is this blend of these culture that give the local culture a unique ting of everything. Bareilly also hosts lot of Fashion Shows to demonstrate the unique style blended with Cosmo trends.[30]
Many Bollywood movie including 'Woh 5 Din', a suspense thriller, have been shot in Bareilly.[31] The 2005 movie Main, Meri Patni Aur Woh also makes a reference of Rajpal Yadav (Mitlesh)'s wife Veena (Rituparna Sengupta) being from Bareilly and he coming all the way to the city for the marriage.
Famous Bollywood actress and former Miss World Priyanka Chopra hails from the city.
With a large food-loving population, Bareilly has many strange sounding, well-known eateries, which follow the age-old tradition of naming the cuisine after the creator. 'Deenanath ki lassi', 'Chhotelal ki tikki, Chaman ki chaat' kailash ke gol gappe ( subhash nagar)are few along many age old established eat-outs. Bareilly is known for its unique Seekh Kabaabs, which are sold across the old city by numerous small eateries. Minced meat (mostly beef) mixed with spices and aromatic herbs are grilled on skewers over charcoal of 'Imli (Tamarind)'. To locate a kabaab shop one has to follow his nose as the kabaabs , kulfi , kichidi , golgappe are very aromatic and while grilled the aroma fills the entire area.
Bareilly lacks high class infrastructure of sports. The city houses two sports stadiums and one cricket academy namely:
- Dori Lal Agarawal Sports Stadium, City Area, Bareilly
- Major Dhyan Chand Sports Stadium, Cantonment Area, Bareilly
- Cricket Academy of Bareilly (CAB) Near MB Inter College Bareilly
- subhash nagar stadium
The city is represented in the various sports tournament by different local level club teams and teams representing schools and colleges. Although most have the colleges have their home grounds for practice sessions in their respective colleges.
Bareilly has two Amusement parks located inside a single premises. Fun City and Boond Water Park are the most famous hang-outs for most of the people of the City and nearby areas. The two facility attract a lot of tourists and visitors to the city everyday. The parks are located on the University Road and are well within the residential limits of the main city. The guest may purchase rides individually, either at the attraction's entrance or by purchasing ride tickets (or a similar exchange method, like a token) or through the pay-one-price format, which charges guests a single, large admission fee. The guest is then entitled to use all or more often almost all of the attractions in the park as often as they wish during their visit. The park usually has some attractions that are not included in the admission charge; these are called "up-charge attractions" and includes go-kart tracks and some other Water sports.
B. I. Bazar (H.A. HAKIM JI & SONS which was established in 1880, the oldest establishment of Bareilly today), Butler Plaza, Civil Lines, D.D. Puram Market and Vishal Mega Mart (located on the Patel Chowk - Choupla road) are considered to be a shoppers' paradise and great hang-outs.
Bareilly, also, have a plethora of other well-maintained parks including-
- Children's Park, Cantonment
- Phool Bagh, Cantonment
- Company Garden, Civil Lines
- C L Park, Prem Nagar
- Mayur Van Chetna Kendra, University Road
- Maharaja Agrasen Park, Rampur Garden
- Akshar Vihar[32]
- Lichi bagh, Quila
- vatika (park)Rampur Bagh
- Mega Rolling Park, Super City
- Jagat ( oldest cinema of bareiily)-baza bazaar bareilly
- Hind cinema ( pride of city)-ayub khan chauraha
- Prabha cinema - Nh 24 near gandhi uddhan
- Kumar cinema - kutub khana bareilly
- Kamal cinema - ayub khan chauraha
- prasaad cinema - ayub khan chauraha
- natraj cinema ( fully ac)-cantt hospital road
- inperial cinema - old roadways
- basant cinema - trabatinath mandir (sood dhram kaata)
- gita palace - shyam gat ganj
- arjun cinema - kargaina
- barro palace- c.b .ganj
Malls and Multiplexes
- Amrapali Mall(Star World Cinemas)
- Phoenix United Mall
Many malls are under-construction in the city including
- Westend Mall (along with Wave Cinemas)
- Aditya Magnet (along with three-screen PVR - by 2011),
- Jewel of India Mall (Suncity Projects - by 2011),
- Reliance StarCity (by 2012), J.J. mall (second).
The present commercial complexes of the city include Butler Plaza, JJ Mall, Vishal Megamart, CL Mall (with showrooms of Adidas, Benetton, Jawed Habibb, Weekender, Reebok), Hind Talkies Building Market and Selection Point Tower.
Phoenix United Mall, situated near Mahanagar colony , Plibhit Bypass, is a huge mall that will cost you enough time to go around. With all the high - end fashion stores like Pantaloons, Reliance Trendz, Woodland, Reliance Footprints, Biba, Park Avenue, Louis Philippe, Pure Gold, global Desi, Nike, Blackberry's to digital world like Reliance Digital, Just Watches, Lenovo, Fastrack, The Mobile Store and daily needs stores like Big Bazzar, Store 99 and gaming parlour of Amoeba has created a big change in the way Barellians go for a hangout.Eating giants like KFC, Mc Donlad's, Dominos, Cafe Coffee Day will also be attracting a huge population towards this mall.
Amrapali Multiplex Mall, situated in the Lohia Vihar residential Colony at 7-km. stone NH-24 (in C.B. Ganj), is a 5 storey mall accommodates all top brands of apparel, jewelleries, electronic gizmos, accessories, souvenirs, home products and departmental stores. It offers a convenient reach to the shoppers from around the city along with great architecture, rich aesthetics and great ambience. Its spacious and ample parking spaces gives shoppers the easy way to do heavy shopping with ease and comfort, free from heavy traffics and hustle and bustle of the city. It houses a 3- Screen Multiplex.
Amrapali Multiplex Mall is the fabulous mosaic of the measure itself, the use of beautiful lighting as well as music, water creates the structure in such a way which goes beyond one's imagination. The extensive use of the class offers the ambience charm to the surroundings and high visibility environment that showcases your brand to the best effect. Amrapali Multiplex Mall about 3,00,000 sq. feet along with hypermarket to cater almost daily need. Under this mall, household furnishing, sports, lounge, crockery, stationery, music, Flowers, Gifts, a list as endless as one desires. And what adds charm to this Amrapali Multiplex Mall for shopping is the retail bazaar that promotes both traditional and contemporary creativity and which also gives the designers to showcase their talent.
Bareilly is famous for its Zari work, (a type of fabric decoration),'Dari' (A common type of carpet use in most of the Indian houses),'Jhumka' - an intricate ear-rings or ear-pendants, Manja and Surma (Kohl (cosmetics).
'Luddhi Manja' (the glass powder coated kite flying and fighting string) thriving on a secret recipe of rice, fevicol and glass is one of the specialties of the City. It is considered to be of a top notch quantity and is in demand in major towns (including Delhi and Mumbai) during Makar Sankranti and Independence Day by the name 'Bareilly ka Manja'.[33]
Sweltering summers in Bareilly can be tackled with the famous 'Deenanath ki lassi', a creamy preparation distinct in flavour from the Punjabi drink and with a heavy dose of essence prepared in-house. For those into lip-smacking kind of food, it's 'Chhotelal ki tikki' and 'Chaman ki chaat'.[34]
Several Bollywood songs have references to Bareilly and its musical genres such as jhumka and kajra.
- The "Barra Bazaar" (Market) of Bareilly was widely praised during the Mughal Period. Owing to the popularity of the Market (Bazar) the song "Jhumka Gira Re, Bareilly ke Bazar mein" (from the movie "Mera Saaya" and sung by Asha Bhosle, written by Shakeel Badauni) recalls the name of this wondrous market.
- "Surma bareilly waala ankhiyon mein aisa daala", a song from the movie Kismat and sung by Asha Bhosle and Shamshad Begum also have references about Bareilly in the line - "Jhumka Bareilly waala kaanon mein aisa daala. Jhumke ne le li meri jaan, haai re main tere qurbaan."[35]
- The recent song "Aaja Nachle" (from the movie Aaja Nach Le - featuring Madhuri Dixit) also uses the connection of Jhumka with Bareilly.
- In the movie U Me Aur Hum - "New Delhi mein Bareilly Jaisa Saiyaan" (featuring Kajol and Ajay Devgan).
- In the movie Jail - "Bareilly Ke bazaar mein" (featuring Neil Nitin Mukesh directed by Madhur BHandarkar).
The 15th Lok Sabha Election for the MP from Bareilly was won by Mr. Praveen Singh Aron ( former U.p state health minister )of the Indian National Congress. Bareilly, always has been a battle ground for the INC and the saffron parties. Regional parties like Samajwadi Party ( leadership - Veerpal singh yadav ) and Bahujan Samaj Party have limited influence.
Bareilly had been a stronghold of the Bharatiya Janata Party for 20 years (1989–2009). During this period both the Member of Parliament (MP) and Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) was from the Bharatiya Janata Party. Bareilly witnessed a strong emergence of Hindu nationalism movement during the last two decades accompanied by the growth of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, Vishva Hindu Parishad and Bajrang Dal in the region.
Here is a list of the MPs of the city-
| Year (s) of Election Victory |
Member of Parliament |
Political Party |
| 1952, 1957 |
Mr. Satish Chandra |
Indian National Congress |
| 1962 |
Mr. Brij Raj Singh |
Jan Sangh |
| 1967 |
Mr. Brij Bhushan Lal |
Jan Sangh |
| 1971 |
Mr. Satish Chandra |
Indian National Congress |
| 1977 |
Mr. Ram Murti |
Janata Party |
| 1980, 1984 |
Begum Abida Ahmed |
Indian National Congress |
| 1989, 1991, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2004 |
Mr. Santosh Kumar Gangwar |
Bharatiya Janata Party in 2004 a close fight between santosh , Akbar ahmad dampi , parveen singh , Islam sabir |
| Mr. Praveen Singh Aron |
Indian National Congress a close fight from santosh gangawar |
Santosh Gangwar is a prominent leader and former Member of Parliament from the city of Bareilly, who had been the M.P. for 20 years (1989–2009). He had been a former minister of state in Government of India, holding the portfolio of Minister of State for Petroleum & Natural Gas with additional charge of Parliament Affairs in 13th Lok Sabhaminister of state in Government of India. Prior to this, Shri Gangwar was Minister of State of Science & Technology with additional charge of Parliamentary Affairs from Oct. 1999 to Nov. 1999.
He was also the chief whip of the of Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in 14th Lok Sabha. He faced defeat in the 15th Lok Sabha Elections, 2009 by a very narrow margin.
Since the period of Liberalization in India, Bareilly is one of the fastest growing cities in the region on account of its booming economy. Trade and commerce have flourished in the urban city and followed diversification, though the rural economy of the district is largely agrarian.
Identified as a "Counter Magnet", Bareilly is equidistant from New Delhi, the capital of India, and Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh, and thus has a lot of potential for setting up industries and to attract people to settle in the area.
Following the foray of Multi-national corporations in the city, a significant capital infusion and various investments have occurred throughout the city in different sectors. Bareilly, today, has most of the major global apparel brands including Adidas, Reebok, Levi's, Van Heusen, Wrangler, Red Tape, Blackberry, Mufti, fabindia. Reebok has also opened their Factory Outlet in Bareilly which is located at Pilibhit By-Pass Road. Nike is to open an outlet soon. Accompanying these are all other well-known clothing, footwear and accessory brands which have their authorized show-rooms and commercial outlets in the 'Civil Lines areas' and 'D.D.Puram area' of the city.
Bareilly houses a lot of Industries in the industrial zone called the Parsakhera Industrial Zone. Major Companies such as Coca- Cola, Camphor & Allied Products Ltd.,[36] Paras, Vadilal, Mercury and many others are present in the City.
The Ahmedabad-based Ice-cream maker Vadilal has its manufacturing plant in Bareilly. The plant is the sole plant in Northern and Eastern India and caters to both the zones. Vadilal enjoys a 10-12% market share in the Rs 120-crore Delhi market and around 6-8% in the Rs 200-crore eastern market, which comprises territories such as Kolkata, Orissa, Jharkhand and Bihar.
The city is also famous for its Zari work (a type of embroidery or fabric decoration), "Jhumka", intricate ear-rings or ear-pendants, Surma (Kohl and Manja (the glass powder coated kite flying and fighting string) called 'Luddhi Manja'. This manja thrives on a secret recipe of rice, fevicol and glass, all in good quantity, that results in it being lethal should any other manja come in contact with it.[33]
A lot of Hindi Newspapers including Dainik Jagran, Achuk Shabd, Hindustan, Amar Ujala, Aaj,Dev prakash Inquilab[37] are printed in the city. Various English Newspapers including the Times of India, the Hindu, Hindustan Times, The Economic Times can be found on the stalls at around 7 a.m. as they are published in the Delhi NCR and sent to the city.
HT Media Ltd has recently come out with a printing facilities in Bareilly, printing of its Hindi newspaper "Hindustan" starting October 10, 2009 and catering to the Rohilkhand area of western Uttar Pradesh comprising Bareilly, Pilibhit, Shahjahanpur, Lakhimpur and Badaun districts. They also plan to start printing the local edition of their English Daily "The Hindustan Times" very soon.[38]
The city also has its dedicated News Channel called the Alliance News Channel which broadcasts local news at different slots throughout the day.
| Radio Station (F.M.) |
Frequency |
Owner |
| Radio Mantra |
91.9 MHz |
Jagran Group |
| Big 92.7 FM |
92.7 MHz |
A.D.A.G. Group |
| FM Prasaar Bharti & Doordarshan TV (DD-1& DD-NEWS) |
100.4 MHz |
All India Radio |
Bareilly is, traditionally, a wheat growing belt of Rohilkhand.[39] Though corporate giant Hindustan Unilever has undertaken contract farming of rice in Bareilly and Punjab and its success has ensured low-cost, better-quality produce for its products. The company now plans to extend the experiment but feels an enabling environment in terms of agri-laws and infrastructure facilities is required for the purpose.[40]
In 2009, Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (UPPCL) moved a step ahead in implementing the franchisee system in the power sector of the state. Under the new system, private players will be awarded contract to maintain and supply power in nine cities of the state. The same companies will be the outsource points for collecting revenue on behalf of the state government. The system will be implemented in nine cities of the state on a pilot basis. Bareilly, Agra, Kanpur, Moradabad and Gorakhpur will be covered in the first phase.[41]
The Indian government initiated the ten per cent ethanol-blending programme on a pilot basis in two districts - Bareilly in Uttar Pradesh and Belgaum in Karnataka. Bareilly also has CNG and Auto-LPG outlets operated by Satya Service station owned by Hon. Shri Raj Kumar Agarwal, first mayor of the city. Bareilly became the first district in India to implement Bio-fuel norms new fuel station Lpg +Cng opening shortly near kargaina subhash nagar bareilly .[42]
The state government has constituted permanent Lok Adalat in Bareilly which hears cases related to disputes pertaining to services like postal, telephone, power, light and water, medical, insurance, transport and public sanitation and hygiene etc.
The Lok Adalat try only those cases which were not presented in regular courts. Any aggrieved person can register his complaint as a case by presenting a simple application. The presiding officers would first try to settle the case by mutual understanding. If parties do not agree for mutual understanding, then the case would be decided on merit within 60 days. The most significant aspect of permanent lok adalats is that there would be no court fee or any type of fee and the verdict of the court would be final and one cannot appeal against that order in any court of the country. The verdict would have full recognition of a decree as it would be issued by a regular court.
Every lok adalat would have three judicial officials. These judicial officials register, admit and hear the cases for the permanent lok adalat. The head of the panel is the chairman, which is a retired district judge.[43]
The Passport Office, Bareilly was created in 1983 as a subordinate office of Ministry of External Affairs under the supervision of Central Passport Organization. The issue of passport is a central subject under the Indian Constitution and allotted to the Ministry of External Affairs, Initially Passport Office, Bareilly was catering to the needs of residents of the State of Uttrakhand and 24 Districts of Western Uttar Pradesh. Separate passport Office for the residents of Meerut, Aligarh and Agra Division was opened in the year 1997 at Ghaziabad on bifurcation of this office. Again the office bifurcated and another passport office at Dehradun was opened in June 2008 for the residents of the State of Uttrakhand.
Today, this office deals with the issue of passport/travel documents to the citizens of 12 districts of Uttar Pradesh i.e. Bareilly, Shahjahanpur, Pilibhit, Badaun, Moradabad, Rampur, Bijnor, Jyotiba Phule Nagar, Firozabad, Kashi Ram Nagar, Etah & Mainpuri.[44]
The street system in Bareilly is laid out in a traditional unplanned system, with most roads oriented towards different cities. The zero point is the intersection of Nainital Road and Bada Bazaar - Shyamganj Road at a crossroad called "Kutubkhana". Kutubkhana is a congested street and the entry of cars or heavy vehicles is barred in the day time. A person can always take the Patel Chowk - Chaupla Road or the Chowki Chauraha - Chaupla Road to go from the Lucknow Road to the Delhi Road National Highway 24.
Nanital Road (including the Pilibhit Road) and Badaun Road also starts from Kutubkhana though Heavy Traffic is allowed on these roads only from 'Koharapeer Sabji-Mandi' and 'Chaupla Crossroads' respectively. Budaun Road is one of the most important road of the city due to Cantt. Area.
Major arterial streets includes the
- Stadium Road (connecting Pilibhit Road (D.D. Puram) to ShyamGanj crossroad),
- Macnair Road (connecting Nanital Road to Stadium Road),
- Pilibhit By-pass Road (National Highway 74) connecting Pilibhit Road to Lucknow Road National Highway 24,
- sh-33 bareilly tomathura via subhash nagar
- Mini By-Pass (connecting Delhi Road National Highway 24 to Nainital Road)
- Shyam Ganj - Patel Chowk - Chaupla - Quila - C.B. Ganj Road (National Highway 24)
- Shyam Ganj - Bareilly Cantt. - Chowki Chauraha - Chaupla Road
- I.V.R.I. Road (connecting Nanital Road to Pilibhit Road)
The main "Inter-city Satellite Bus Stand" is located just outside the city on the intersection of National Highway 24 and Pilibhit By-pass Road (National Highway 74). This is a new improvement over the cramped older Bus Stand located near Kotwali. The "Old Bus Stand" still serves much traffic and state owned buses starting from the city (towards Delhi).
An excellent truck stationing and repairing facility known as "Transport Nagar" has also been developed on the Pilibhit By-pass Road (National Highway 74), serving lorries and hauliers.
A prominent Square in Bareilly Cantt.
As a part of the Four-laning of the National Highway 24, the highway that connects Uttar Pradesh's capital Lucknow to New Delhi via Shahjahanpur, Bareilly, Rampur, Moradabad and Ghaziabad two corporations have been awarded separate projects to execute on a Design, Build, Finance, Operate and Transfer (DBFOT) toll basis for the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI).
"IL&FS Transportation Networks Ltd (ITNL)" has bagged the 4-laning project of the National Highway 24 between Moradabad and Bareilly. The estimated cost of the project is Rs 1,267 crore. ITNL will undertake four laning of Moradabad - Bareilly (NH-24) from 148 km to 262 km entailing a length of 121 km.[45]
Delhi-based Engineering firm 'Era Infra' has been awarded Rs 1,951 crore 4-laning project for the Bareilly -Sitapur stretch by the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI). Construction on the project has commenced and it is likely to be completed by 2013.[46]
Due to the traffic constrains in the city a 'Bareilly Bypass' is has been cleared which is going to form the semi-circle of the proposed 'Ring Road' around Bareilly. The Union ministry of shipping, road transport and highways has cleared land acquisition for the construction of the Bareilly Bypass. A consultant has been appointed for preparing the detailed project report for the bypass. The construction of the bypass and six railway over bridges is part of NHDP Phase-III. This section would be built on BOT basis.[47]
Bareilly Railway Station (Junction).
Currently, six railway stations serve the city -
- Bareilly Junction (serving both the Broad and Standard gauge),
- C.B. Ganj Station (serving the Broad gauge),
- Chenheti Station (serving the Broad gauge),
- City Station (serving the Meter gauge),
- Izzatnagar Station (serving the Meter gauge).
- Bhojipura Station (serving the Meter gauge)
Bareilly is well connected by Rail to New Delhi- the Capital of India, Lucknow- the Capital of Uttar Pradesh, Ahmedabad, Jammu tavi, Chandigarh, Dehradun, Kolkata, Aligarh, Mathura, Kathgodam (near Nainital) etc.
- Ala hazrat Express -[Bareilly -Bhuj] ( departure daily at 6:25am morning )
- Intercity Express - [Bareilly- New delhi] ( departure daily at 4:55am morning )
- Una Himachal Express [Bareilly- una] ( departure daily at 2:30pm afternoon )
- Bareilly Banaras Express [ Bareilly- Banaras] ( departure daily at 3:30pm afternoon )
- Bareilly Delhi passenger [ Bareilly - Delhi] ( departure daily at 5:45pm evening )
- Bareilly Roza passenger [ Bareilly - roza] ( departure daily at 5:55pm evening )
- Bareilly Faurrakabad passenger [ Bareilly - Faurrakabad] ( departure daily at 8:25 Night )
- Bareilly Aligarh passenger [ Bareilly - Aligarh] ( departure daily at 8:30pm Night, 5:10am morning ,9:00am morning)
- Bareilly allahabad passenger [ Bareilly- allahabad] ( departure daily 9:40am morning)
- Traveni Express[Bareilly-allahabad ] ( departure daily 12:00pm noon)
- Bareilly-Lokmanya tilak [ bareilly- dadar]{ only Saturday -10:30am morning}
- Bareilly -Mugal sarai [ bareilly- mugal sarai] Daily
- Bareilly - moradabad passenger { Bareilly- moradabad} ( departure daily 11:00am morning)
14.Meerut-Bareilly-Lucknow(Intercity-Rajyarani express)
New Delhi (just 250 km.), the capital of India, is an important Station near Bareilly from where trains to Mumbai, Chennai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad and to most of the places in India are available.
The Bareilly Airport (Military Trishul Air-base), located at on the outskirts of the city is used by officials to have infrequent flight links to New Delhi. Currently there is no commercial service from this airport. The airport at Pantnagar lies about 70 km from the city center, Pantnagar Airport has a direct flight to New Delhi operated by Kingfisher Airlines. Bareilly is also served by Indira Gandhi International Airport (in New Delhi) lying a little more than 250 km from City.
- The city is also served by private but unregulated auto rickshaw-Vikram's and cycle rickshaw, City bus , local train from bareilly junction to c.b .ganj , chaneti , city, izzatnagar & cab facility , roadways bus also provide the help for this]]s.
Bareilly College, one of the oldest educational institution in India underlines Bareilly's educational front. It even has historical importance.
Bareilly is an educational hub of western Uttar Pradesh, with multiple universities and research institutes. Bareilly is a seat of M. J. P. Rohilkhand University and it also hosts Indian Veterinary Research Institute and Central Avian Research Institute. (in Izzatnagar). The city holds numerous Engineering Colleges (Institute of Engineering & Technology, A Govt Engineering College at M.J.P.Rohilkhand University Campus), Management Colleges, Law Colleges, Medical Colleges, and also there are colleges running general courses. Bareilly College, located in the heart of city, is among the oldest educational institutions in India, built prior to the Revolt of 1857. It even has a historical importance.
The M. J. P. Rohilkhand University (1975) and Bareilly College (1837), together with many private colleges and universities, underpin Bareilly's educational front. The Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) and Central Avian Research Institute (CARI) are located in the suburb of Izzatnagar.
There are two Central Research Institutes and one for the Persons with Disabilities in the city-
Established in 1889, the Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) is one of the premier research institutions dedicated to livestock research and development of the region. The institute with faculty strength of more than 275 has a major mandate of research, teaching, consultancy and technology transfer activities.The institute with its long scientific heritage has always enjoyed a certain prestige, a tradition all of its own. The institute imparts quality post-graduate education to students not only from various parts of the country, but also from overseas. Currently Dr.M.C.Sharma who hails from Bareilly itself is the director of this national institute.
Today, the institute with its deemed to be university status contributes immensely to human resource development in the discipline of veterinary sciences with skills and knowledge necessary for the challenges of the new millennium. It awards degrees to master and doctoral programmes in more than 20 disciplines of veterinary and animal sciences, livestock products technology, basic sciences and extension education. To impart continuing education to field veterinarians, the institute also conducts diploma courses in veterinary preventive medicine, animal husbandry, veterinary biological products, animal reproduction, poultry husbandry, medicine and surgery, zoo and wild animal health care and management, meat and meat products technology.[48]
India's national research institute on poultry science provides information on research, education and extension for the Indian poultry industry.
Jeevandhara Rehabilitation and Research Institute (JDRRI)is one of the famous and one of its type institute serving to the persons and Children with Disabilities. The Institute is working mainly for-
- Children with Hearing Impairment
- Children with Mental Retardation
The institute is purely a Non-Profitable Organization and extending its facility to M.J.P. Rohilkhand University as a Teaching Learning LAB.The Institution is also holding some remarkable success stories.
V. K.Singh: He is an alumnus of Govt.Inter College,Bareilly. He is currently working as Scientist at Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC) Trivandrum, one of the major centre of Indian Space Research Organization. LPSC is responsible for the design and development of liquid rocket engines. He is the recipient of Dr Wille Memorial Prize for the year 2007 by National Society of Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power,India.
Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly came into existence in 1975. It was carved out of the then Agra University. There was a dire need to establish a separate university since the region has a lower literacy rate than the national average. The University imparts non-conventional, professional and technical education through its network of colleges and institutes. It has, over the period, emerged as a pioneering institution in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
At present there are 21 university departments,17 Government colleges, 29 Government funded affiliated colleges, 108 self- financing colleges. The University runs 36 Post Graduate, 15 under Graduate, 09 Diploma, 20 Post Graduate Diploma, 02 M.Phil and 34 Doctoral Programmes. In most cases syllabi are revised annually.
A private university. It houses Management college and provides many other courses like. B.Arch, B.tech, BBA,BCA,LAW etc.
- Rohilkhand Medical College
- SRMS Institute of Medical Sciences
- Institute of Dental Studies, RMC
- Institute of Engineering & Technology, MJP-Rohilkhand University, (Government)
- SRMS College of Engineering & Technology
- Invertis Institute of Engineering & Technology
- Invertis Institute of Engineering & Management
- SRMS Women College of Engineering & Technology
- ANA College of Engineering and Technology
- Prem Prakash Gupta Institute Of Engineering
- Shri Siddhi Vinayak Institute of Technology
- Shri Jeet Ram Smarak College of Engineering & Technology
- Focus Institute of Engineering & Technology
- Future Institute of Engineering & Technology
- Future Institute of Engineering & Management
- Rakhapal Bahadur Engineering College
- Khandelwal College of Architecture and Design
- Khandelwal College of Management Science & Technology
- Prem Prakash Gupta Institute of Management
- Rakshpal Bahadur College of Management, Engineering & Technology
- Anurag Upadhyay Group of Institutions
- Lotus Institute Of Management Sciences
- Prem Prakash Gupta Institute of Engineering/Management
- Future group of institutions for engineering and management
- Mascot Institute of Management
- Lal Bahadur Shastri Institute of Management and Technology
- Utkarsh Business School
- Lotus Institute of Technology
- SRMS Institute of Management
- Institute of Management Science, Rohilkhand University
- St. Maria Gorretti Girls College, Cantt
- G.P.M. College, Civil Lines
- Kendriya Vidyalaya, NER, Road No. 7, Izatnagar
- Bishop Conrad Sr. Sec. School
- Air Force School, Air Force Station Izzatnagar
- Army School
- Vidya Bhavans Public School
- G.R.M. Senior Secondary School,
- Bishop Conrad Senior Secondary School, Cantt
- St. Francis Convent School, Pilibhit Road
- KV Air Force Station, Pilibhit Road
- Radha Madhav Public School, Bisalpur Road
- Delhi Public School, Delhi Road
- BBL Public School, Nainital Road
- Alma Mater Day Boarding School, Kurmanchal Nagar
- Woodrow Senior Secondary School
- G.P.M. College.
- S.R.Intarnational School,Bisalpur Road (2.5 km. from Green Park).
- Sacred hearts sr. sec. public school,karampur chaudhri,Nanital road
- Sri Gulab Rai Inter College
- Govt. Inter College
- Govt. Girls Inter College
- Jay Narayan Inter College, University Road
- Saraswati Vidya Mandir, Nainital Road
- Vishnu Inter College
- Manohar Bhushan Intermediate College
- Gulabrai Intermediate College
- Tilak Inter College
- Government Girls Inter College
- Harrow School, D.D puram
- Sprindale School
- Bishop Mondal Inter College
- Ram Bharose Lal Girls Inter College
- D.K. Girls Inter College
- Kastoorba Girls Inter College [Under Supervision of Nagar Nigam]
- S.V. Inter College (Saraswati Vidhyalay Inter College)
- F.R. Islamia Inter College
- F.R. Islamia Girls Inter College
- Tulsidas Kilachand Intermediate College
Bareilly is among one of the leading cities of Uttar Pradesh in terms of medical facilities, the city serves as a gateway to the patients of the Kumaun, Rohilkhand, and West Nepal region. In the vedic period Bareilly was famous for Ayurvedic treatment. The Ayurvedic practitioners of that period so much promoted the cultivation of Aonla, popularly known as Indian gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica, syn. Emblica officinalis) at the outskirts of the Bareilly that entire area was later named as Aonla. Another town which is called Baheri these days was solely dependent on the cultivation of Teminalia Belerica - Bahera; and eventually was named on the plants grown here. Another famous town of Bareilly is Haroda that traditionally grown Harrada medicinal plants, scientifically known as terminalia chebula (also as Bal Harad, or Choti Harra). In the Medieval period the Muslim rulers promoted Ancient Unani treatment called Hikmat, Tibb or Tibia. Certain families became very famous for their diagnostic skills and were eventually awarded titles of Hakim-ul-Mulk (Doctor of the Country) by the Rohilla rulers.
During the British period initially nothing was done till late 1857. Suddenly on 14 May 1857 the great mutiny started here and entire Rohilla population rose against the Englishmen. As a result every day massive injuries and corpse collection dis balanced the administration. The city of Bareilly remained under revolutionary seize for almost an year. And after that began the punitive season. Hundreds of revolutionaries faced summary trials and after a brief medical examination all were hanged onto trees in the surrounding areas. Later they were again medically examined and handed over to the claimants. A makeshift medical examination facility was erected near Kotwali area in the city, with almost half a dozen sweepers to assist the medical examination process of the injured and the dead. Since the rebellion continued for long hence this temporary facility eventually got a tin shed medical dispensary soon.
For another fifty years this facility grew very slowly. With the spread of some infectious and contagious diseases later the administrators kept on adding this insignificant set up in such a way that it later served the wounded British officers and Sepoys during the World War II, then it had an emergency operation theater equipped with a portable Crookes X-ray machine to investigate fractures. However this costly X-ray diagnosis was available to only white officers and soldiers. Nothing much is known about the present District/Civil Hospital and its growth later. There is no recorded evidence available so far. Right now the city has two medical colleges, one dental college, one ayurvedic college. One More Medical college also shortly expected in association with "Clara Swain" or popularly known as mission hospital.
One can find services of most Tele-communication Network provider in Bareilly. Bareilly lies at the eastern boundary of "Uttar Pradesh West telecom Circle" and thus even calls to neighhouring districts including Shahjahanpur and beyond are considered long-distance and STD rates are applicable. However, calls in "U.P. West and Uttarakhand telecom circle" are considered local and thus local charges are applicable.
- Wireless communication networks (GSM):
- Idea Cellular (formerly Escotel)
- Cellone
- Airtel
- Aircel
- Reliance GSM
- Vodafone (formerly Hutch)
- TataDOCOMO
- UniNOR
- Wireless communication networks (CDMA):
- MTS India
- Reliance India Mobile
- Virgin Mobile
- Tata Indicom
- BSNL WLL
- Broadband service providers:
- MTS MBlaze
- BSNL Broadband
- Sify iWay
- Reliance Broadband Netconnect
- Jat Regiment Centre
Bareilly is the regimental centre and a major settlement of the Jat Regiment, which is an infantry regiment of the Indian Army, it is one of the longest serving and most decorated regiments of the Indian Army.[49] The regiment has won 19 battle honours between 1839 to 1947[50] and post independence five battle honours, eight Mahavir Chakra, eight Kirti Chakra, 32 Shaurya Chakras, 39 Vir Chakras and 170 Sena Medals.[49]
- Trishul Air-base (Bareilly Airport)
Bareilly has an air-base known as Trishul Air-base or Bareilly Airport of the Indian Air Force. The Trishul Air-base has a squadron of the state-of-the-art fighters, the Sukhois and the heptor squadrons.It is one of the important air bases located near CHINA border.
- Others
Bareilly has regional Headquarters of Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) and Border Security Force (BSF).
Bareilly is also home to a host of Hindu temples. Four Nath (Shiva) temples are situated on the city's four corners: the Alakha Nath, Trivati Nath, Madhi Nath and Dhopeshwar Nath temples.so bareilly called as nath nagri
Hanuman Murti near AlakhaNath Temple.Jagmohaneshwar Temple (PASHUPATINATH MANDIR)
The Alakha Nath Temple is the headquarters of the Anand Akhara order of Naga sannyasins. Members of this order of Shiva devotees are also known as Naga Babas.
The temple complex beyond the inner gate consists of several buildings with a kind of courtyard in the center. There are various shrines, big and small, some within buildings, some outside. Numerous devotees are going from one shrine to the next to make offerings and prayers. Animals of various kinds are around the place. Cows and goats are tethered, and behind one of the buildings is a camel.
This is the oldest temple of the bareilly city , place near Bsa office subhash nagar Veer bhatti ground near railway station . modern & old all type homologous activity are perform here .
It is situated in the central part of the town on the Macnair Road. Beautifully constructed and later renovated, it is considered to be one of the best temples in the city.
Located in city, it shares its name with the locality it is present in.
The temple is dedicated to Lord Doopeshwarnath. The site is known to be the birth site of Draupadi and Dhrishtadyumna in the Mahābhārata era. Both Draupadi and Dhrishtadyumna were considered to be born by the grace of Lord Shiva.
It is located in the Bareilly Cantonment area. It is known for an Ancient Guffa (tunnel), which takes you to the idol of Lord Doopeshwarnath. The short tunnel is filed with knee high water and this makes the visit to the temple, somewhat, adventurous. It, also, houses a huge water pool at the centre of the complex.
Another historical temple of lord Ram and Shiv. This temple was ested. in 1885. Located at Shahbaad near Alam giri ganj,bareilly. There is a well in the Mandir campus made of Kanker.
Another historical temple of Lord Shiva is in Lala Champak Rai Ki Bagia near Alakhnath temple in front of the Ganga Temple. It is also referred to as the Jagannath Temple.
It is roughly 200 years old. Due to limited access, having no paved roads leading up to it, is frequented by fewer devotees than its more popular counterparts.
Near the Alakhnath Temple is the Tulsi Math. Tulsidas, the acclaimed writer of the Ramacharitamanas, said to have been the re-incarnation of Valmiki, the author of the Ramayana, made this site his home sometime around 1600 CE.
Another culturally significant temple is the Chunne Miyan's Lakshmi Narayan Temple (located in Katra Manrya street near Bara Bazar). Its origin dates back to the time when Hindus migrating from the recently formed Pakistan at the time of independence in 1947, came to settle in Bareilly. These Hindu migrants built a small place of worship amongst some existing ruins but later discovered that the place belonged to Fazal-ul-Rahman, whose nickname 'Chunne Miyan'. He filed a claim against the illegal occupation of the land. Meanwhile, the proceedings of the temple continued. Once, HarMilapi ji Maharaj came from Haridwar to deliver a holy Sermon. Chunne Miyan was so impressed by his sermon that he decided not only to withdraw the case but also gave financial aid for the construction of the temple. Since then the temple is popularly known as chunne miyan's mandir' and is situated in the Katra maanrai region of Koharapeer.
Very soon ISKCON is also coming up with one of the very big and famous temple which would be known as ISKCON Bareilly. A large plot of land has been given to ISKCON Society and its construction has already been started. It would be on Pilibhit Road. Bareilly is very few cities of U.P. as well as Northern India to have this prestigious Temple and would help increasing its importance on World MAP.
Popularly known as the Hare Krishna movement, the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON) belongs to the Gaudiya-Vaishnava sampradaya, a monotheistic tradition within Vedic, or Hindu, culture. It is based on the Bhagavad-gita, the spiritual teachings spoken by Lord Krishna. According to tradition, this sacred text is over 5,000 years old and documents the conversation between Lord Krishna and his close friend and disciple Arjuna.
This is one of the famous temples built in 1952. It is also said as Dakshin Mukhi Hanuman Mandir. Several thousands of devotees pay visit to deity Lord Hanuman every Tuesday and Saturday. Baba Ramdas has blessed the temple and was the main person behind its establishment. the Baba Hanuman is said to have magnetic attraction and the wishes of person sought from pure heart turns true in a very fast manner. At present it is managed by "Baba Ramdas Hanuman Mandir Trust" whose Patron is Shri. S.K.Agarwal (Guruji), President is Shri. Rajesh Agarwal and Secretary is Architect Sumit Agarwal. Since last 60 years on the occasion of its establishment day, 108 Shri Ram CharitrManas Navahan Paath are held annually. The campus has a Shiva Mandir with Narmadeshwar Shivling.Shri SitaRam Mandir is under construction just opposite Shri Hanuman Baba and praan pratistha is scheduled in January 2011.
- Museums
- Army Service Corps. Museum, Cantonment
- Panchala Museum, University Campus
- Historical sites
- Ramnagar Fort, 25 km Aonla
- Teerthankar Temple, Ramnagar 25 km A
- Suhag Barat Ghar, Stadium Road, Bareilly
- Hanuman Coal Depot, Civil Lines
- Malls
- Amrapali Multiplex Mall
- Aditya magnet mall
- Jewel India mall
- Butler Plaza
- JJ Mall
- Phoenix United Mall, Pilibhit By-Pass Road.
- Hindu and Sikh temples
- ISKCON Bareilly (Opening Soon)
- Shri Dauji Ka Mandir, Kila Bazar, Bareilly
- Shri Chote Dauji ka Mandire, Sahukara, Sethon Gali
- Shri Bankey Bihari Temple, Rajendra Nagar
- Lakshmi Narayan Temple (katra man rai), Koharapeer
- Dhopeshwar Nath Temple, sadar, Cantonment
- Ancient Shiv Temple B.I. Bazar, Cantonment (British Infantry)
- Alak Nath Temple, Nainital Road
- Gurudwara Guru Teg Bahadhur Sahib, Farashi Tola
- Trivatinath Temple, BDA Colony
- laxmi naryan ka Mandir, Bara Bazar
- Pashupati Nath Temple, University Road
- Bhole Nath Temple, Kurmanchal Nagar
- Bhagwaan Mahaveer Temple, Rampur Garden
- Bada Gurudwara, Model Town
- Anand Ashram, Rampur Garden
- Hanuman Temple Near Hartmann College Bareilly
- Shri Sai Mandir Shastri Ngr, Bareilly
- Thapeswarnath shubhash nagar Bareilly
- Bankhandinath Near suresh sharma nagar
- Churches
- Christ Methodist Church, Chaoki Choraha (front of Butler Plaza)
- ST. PAUL Church. Izzatnagar
- Freewill Baptist Church, Cantonment
- Church of North India, Cantonment
- Cathedral of St. Alphonsus de Ligouri, seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Bareilly
- Masihi Kalisiya Church, Defence Colony, Izatnagar, Bareilly
- Mosques
- Dargah Ala Hazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan, Saudagaran
- Dargah Hazrat Shah Sharafat Miyan, Shahbad
- Bibi ji ki Masjid (wife of Rohella Nawab Hafiz Remat Kahn Saheb)
- Parks
- Children's Park, Cantonment
- Phool Bagh, Cantonment
- Company Garden, Civil Lines
- C L Park, Prem Nagar
- Mayur Van Chetna Kendra, University Road
- Maharaja Agrasen Park, Rampur Garden Bareilly
- Akshar vihar
- Lichi bagh, Quila Bareilly
- Vatika (park) Rampur Garden Bareilly
- Amusement parks
- Fun City and Boond Water Park, University Road
- ^ "Bulandshahr roads lead to Delhi". The Times Of India. 7 February 2010. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Bulandshahr-roads-lead-to-Delhi/articleshow/5543759.cms.
- ^ Census March 1 2001
- ^ a b c http://members.rediff.com/gangwar/Bareilly.html
- ^ Pargiter, F.E. (1972). Ancient Indian Historical Tradition, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, p.117
- ^ Raychaudhuri, H.C. (1972) Political History of Ancient India, Calcutta: University of Calcutta, pp.65-8.
- ^ "When Bareilly was in currency". The Times Of India. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/When-Bareilly-was-in-currency/articleshow/36674.cms#ixzz13Y8j1V7C.
- ^ a b history
- ^ When the Ain-i-Akbari was compiled (c 1595-6), Katiher (province) was largely held by Rajputs of different clans such as Bachal, Gaur, Chauhan and Rathor. See Iqbal Husain, op. cit., p. 6.
- ^ For more details, see Iqbal Husain, The Rise and Decline of the Ruhela Chieftaincies in 18th Century India, Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1994, chapter 1. "Katiher by and large consisted of the two sark¹rs Badaun and Sambhal. Najmul Ghani says that Katiher consisted of the modern districts of Bareilly, Muradabad and Badaun," p. 4, fn. 25.
- ^ Iqbal Husain, op. cit., p. 97.
- ^ Bahadur Khan Ruhela and Diler Khan Ruhela were important nobles at the court of the Mughal Emperor Shahjahan. As a reward for defeating the Katehriyas a perpetual grant of 14 villages was conferred upon Bahadur Khan who asked his brother Diler Khan to lay the foundations of a new city. Shahjahanpur was established in 1647. It became a strong Afghan township where 9,000 Afghans settled, migrating from Roh, the mountainous area south of Khaibar. The tract of land forming the subah or province of Rohilkhand was formerly called Katehr/Katiher. For more details, see Iqbal Husain, The Rise and Decline of the Ruhela Chieftaincies in 18th Century India, Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1994, chapter 1. "Katiher by and large consisted of the two sark¹rs Badaun and Sambhal. Najmul Ghani says that Katiher consisted of the modern districts of Bareilly, Muradabad and Badaun," p. 4, fn. 25.
- ^ a b "Introduction". Library.upenn.edu. http://www.library.upenn.edu/collections/sasia/crafts1820/introduc.html. Retrieved 2011-01-09.
- ^ "The Afghan Muslims of Guyana and Suriname". Guyana.org. http://www.guyana.org/features/afghanguyanese_muslim.html. Retrieved 2011-01-09.
- ^ Imperial Gazetteer of India by W M Hunter
- ^ An Eighteenth Century History Of North India: An Account Of The Rise And Fall Of The Rohilla Chiefs In Janbhasha By Rustam Ali Bijnori by Iqtidar Husain Siddiqui Manohar Publications
- ^ Genealogy of Rampur princely state, [1]
- ^ The Nawab Vazirs of Awadh who clashed with the Rohillas were: Saadat Khan Burhan-ul Mulk (1720-39), Safdar Jung (1739-56), Shuja-ud Daulah (1756-75). The combined forces of Shuja-ud Daulah and the British defeated Hafiz Rahmat Khan in 1774.
- ^ Farrukhabad was the seat of the Bangash Nawabs. Muhammad Khan Bangash was the founder of the settlement. The jagir was conferred upon him by Farrukhsiyar (1713-19)in 1713 as reward for services rendered by him in the war of succession.
- ^ Nawab Safdar Jung of Awadh enlisted the help of the Marathas against the Bangash Nawabs. The Bangash Nawabs sought help from the Rohillasl. The latter were defeated in 1750. The Marathas again invaded Rohilla territory this time attacking Bijnor in 1759.
- ^ a b c d e f "Bareilly - LoveToKnow 1911". 1911encyclopedia.org. 2006-09-01. http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Bareilly. Retrieved 2011-01-09.
- ^ Hafiz British Library.
- ^ "When Bareilly was in currency". The Times Of India. 22 June 2003. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/When-Bareilly-was-in-currency/articleshow/36674.cms#ixzz13Y9RX8bT.
- ^ See Conybeare, op. cit. p. 677.
- ^ R.C. Majumdar: Sepoy Mutiny and Revolt of 1857 (page 2303-31)
- ^ "When Bareilly was in currency". The Times Of India. 22 June 2003. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/When-Bareilly-was-in-currency/articleshow/36674.cms#ixzz13YA2UnkB.
- ^ a b Bandyopadhyay 2004, pp. 169–172 Bose & Jalal 2003, pp. 88–103 Quote: "The 1857 rebellion was by and large confined to northern Indian Gangetic Plain and central India.", Brown 1994, pp. 85–87, and Metcalf & Metcalf 2006, pp. 100–106
- ^ Bayly 1990, p. 170 Quote: "What distinguished the events of 1857 was their scale and the fact that for a short time they posed a military threat to British dominance in the Ganges Plain."
- ^ http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/521-bareilly.html
- ^ Indian Census
- ^ http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/fashionandbeauty/Wills-Lifestyle-India-Fashion-Week-begins/Article1-681679.aspx
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- ^ a b Bari, Prachi (14 January 2003). "Manja: the thread that skies a festival Sadanand". The Times Of India. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune-times/Manja-the-thread-that-skies-a-festival-Sadanand/articleshow/34308155.cms.
- ^ Chaitanya, Tanya (25 July 2004). "What's the food word?". The Times Of India. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow-times/Whats-the-food-word/articleshow/789522.cms.
- ^ "Lyrics of hindi song Kajra Mohabbat Waala". Hindilyrix.com. http://www.hindilyrix.com/songs/get_song_Kajra%20Mohabbat%20Waala.html. Retrieved 2011-01-09.
- ^ "Camphor & Allied Products Ltd". The Times Of India. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/infocompanylocations.cms?companyid=13860.
- ^ http://www.indianexpress.com/news/the-lokpal-conundrum/814381/
- ^ The Times Of India. http://gujarati.economictimes.indiatimes.com/cmpnewsdisp.cms?companyID=16087&newsid=304143.
- ^ "Traders may not benefit from wheat export". The Times Of India. 18 July 2011. http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-07-18/news/29787555_1_wheat-export-wheat-prices-wheat-and-rice.
- ^ "HLL initiates contract farming for basmati rice". The Times Of India. 17 December 2002. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/HLL-initiates-contract-farming-for-basmati-rice/articleshow/31571430.cms.
- ^ "UPPCL invites bids for franchisee system". The Times Of India. 4 February 2009. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Lucknow/UPPCL_invites_bids_for_franchisee_system/articleshow/4077546.cms.
- ^ "Govt launches ethanol blending on pilot basis". Business-standard.com. 2009-02-05. http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/govt-launches-ethanol-blendingpilot-basis/01/05/348028/. Retrieved 2011-01-09.
- ^ "Lok adalat likely to hear its 1st case today". The Times Of India. 5 July 2011. http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-07-05/kanpur/29738328_1_lok-adalat-permanent-lok-ramabai-nagar.
- ^ http://passport.gov.in/bareilly.html
- ^ "IL&FS Transport bags Moradabad-Bareilly 4-laning project". The Times Of India. 1 December 2009. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/5287137.cms.
- ^ "Era Infra achieves financial closure for Rs 1,951 cr UP road project". The Times Of India. 12 January 2011. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/indl-goods-/-svs/construction/era-infra-achieves-financial-closure-for-rs-1951-cr-up-road-project/articleshow/7268367.cms.
- ^ http://www.projectsmonitor.com/detailnews.asp?newsid=9832
- ^ "Preface - IVRI Izatnagar". Ivri.nic.in. http://www.ivri.nic.in/about/default.aspx. Retrieved 2011-01-09.
- ^ a b Army's Jat Regiment Best Marching Contingent in Republic Day 2007 Parade | India Defence
- ^ "BHARAT RAKSHAK MONITOR: Volume 3(4)". Bharat-rakshak.com. http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/MONITOR/ISSUE3-4/bajwa.html. Retrieved 2011-01-09.
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500, while he spent his allowance in religious education and the study of history, he accused his brothers of alcoholism and womanizing.
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