CBD may refer to:

• Cannabidiol, a cannabinoid found in cannabis
• Cellulose-binding domain, former name for carbohydrate-binding module
• Car Nicobar Air Force Base, the IATA code for the airport in India
• CBD-FM, a radio station in Saint John, Canada
• CBD Media, the directory and advertising division of Cincinnati Bell
• Cecil B. DeMille, film director and producer
• Center for Biological Diversity, an organization advocating for the protection of endangered species
• Central business district
• Chemical bath deposition, a technique for depositing thin films onto surfaces
• Common bile duct, a structure in the human gastrointestinal tract
• Companhia Brasileira de Distribuição, the trading name of Grupo Pão de Açúcar, a Brazilian company
• Component-based development or component-based software engineering
• Compulsive buying disorder
• Confederação Brasileira de Desportos (Brazilian Sport Confederation), predecessor of the Brazilian Football Confederation, the national governing body for soccer in Brazil
• Convention on Biological Diversity, an international legally binding treaty promoting biodiversity
• Corticobasal degeneration, a Parkinson plus syndrome

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Lawrence Arabia is the musical guise of New Zealand artist James Milne.^[1] In 2006, Lawrence Arabia released his self titled debut album and the debut album his band The Reduction Agents, The Dance Reduction Agents. Both albums were nominated for several Bnet awards, New Zealand's public voted alternative radio awards.

Milne has been involved in the internationally successful pop group The Brunettes and toured as bass player for American band Okkervil River and toured with Feist. He has also produced music for film and theatre including songs that appeared in Taika Waititi's Eagle vs Shark.

In August 2009, Lawrence performed with a new band called BARB on a small New Zealand tour with a band consisting of Connan Hosford (Connan and the Mockasins), Liam Finn, Eliza Jane Barnes, Seamus Ebbs, Jol Mulholland and Wild Bill Rickets. Their album (recorded at Roundhead Studios in Auckland) will be released 24 August 2010.^[2]

Toured with Crowded House in 2010.

Solo discography[link]

External links[link]

• Lawrence Arabia's MySpace page

References[link]

1. ^ Fox, Killian (10 January 2010). "Lawrence Arabia: Chant Darling". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/jan/10/lawrence-arabia-chant-darling-milne. Retrieved 27 January 2010. 
2. ^ http://www.yeproc.com/artist_info.php?artistId=14179&page=newsArticle&articleId=6813

Waving to supporters at Greenridge Secondary School, the nomination centre for Holland–Bukit Timah GRC during the 2011 general election, on 27 April

Dr. Vincent Wijeysingha (born 1970) is a politician and civil activist from Singapore. He is currently the Treasurer of the opposition Singapore Democratic Party (SDP) and was a candidate in the 2011 Singaporean general election. Dr Wijeysingha's father is highly-respected educator, Eugene Wijeysingha, who is the former principal of Temasek Junior College (1980-1985) and Raffles Institution (1986-1994). ^[1]

Dr Wijeysingha studied at Victoria School in Singapore, before heading to the United Kingdom where he studied at the University of Lincoln and received his doctorate from the University of Sheffield. Vincent lived in England for almost 16 years before moving back to Singapore. He is presently the Executive Director of Transient Workers Count Too (TWC2), a non-government organization advocating the rights of low-waged migrant workers. Vincent also lectures and publishes scholarly papers on social work.^[2]

He joined the SDP because he realized he had a responsibility as a Singaporean to work for change. "I cannot look the other way as more and more people experience the adverse effects of current PAP policies," Vincent said when he joined the SDP.^[3]

In the first pre-election forum of this nature in Singapore since the 1988 General Election, Channel NewsAsia invited the main parties to record an hour-long programme. The programme, in English entitled, A political forum on Singapore's future, brought together the ruling People’s Action Party (PAP) and four opposition parties to discuss long and short-term challenges for the country. Dr Wijeysingha represented SDP in the discussion.^[4]

2011 General Election[link]

Just days before Nomination Day on 27 April 2011, the PAP team from Holland-Bukit Timah GRC led by Dr Vivian Balakrishnan, revealed that the SDP was "suppressing" a video which would "raise some awkward questions" about the party's agenda. Dr Wijeysingha's response was that he was unsure about which video Dr Balakrishnan was referring to and that the SDP was "an open party." ^[5]

A Singapore tabloid, The New Paper, ran a cover story on 26 April 2011, just a day before Nomination Day, with the heading, "Is Singapore ready for a gay MP?" ^[6][7]

The issue of the video was put to rest on 25 April 2011, two days before Nomination Day, with both the PAP and the SDP issuing statements about the issue. ^[8]

At the 2011 General Elections, the SDP team led by Dr Vincent Wijeysingha polled 39.92% of the valid votes cast, compared to the People's Action Party's 60.08%.^[9]

References[link]

Tan Jee Say
Born	(1954-02-12) 12 February 1954 (age 58)
Nationality	Singaporean
Alma mater	University College, Oxford, University of Oxford
Political party	Independent ( August 2011–present) Singapore Democratic Party (April – July 2011)
Website
www.tanjeesay.com

Tan Jee Say (born 12 February 1954) is a Singaporean investment adviser, politician and former civil servant. He was a principal private secretary to former Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong and contested the 2011 general election under the opposition Singapore Democratic Party (SDP), but failed to win a seat. Tan stood as a candidate in the 2011 presidential election and finished in third place with 25% of the national vote.

Education, civil service and the private sector[link]

Tan attended University College, Oxford, on a Government Overseas Merit Scholarship.^[1] He graduated with a degree in Philosophy, Politics and Economics.^[2]

Tan was a member of the civil service for 11 years, including six years in the Ministry of Trade and Industry from 1979 to 1985.^[2] He rose to become Deputy Director for Economic and Manpower Planning.^[1] During that period, he served concurrently as secretary to Albert Winsemius, the government's economic adviser.^[1]

He went on to serve as then-Deputy Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong's principal private secretary from 1985 to 1990.^[1][3]

He left the civil service in 1990 and entered the finance industry, where he has worked for more than a decade.^[1][2] Tan became director of corporate finance of Deutsche Morgan Grenfell in 1990.^[1] He then became head of Peregrine Capital Singapore in 1994.^[1] He was regional managing director for AIB Govett, an asset management company, from 1997 to 2001.^[4] Tan was subsequently appointed as a Regional Director for ACCA in the Asia Pacific region in 2006.^[5]

Entry to electoral politics[link]

Tan joined the Singapore Democratic Party (SDP) in April 2011 due to his "dismay" at Singapore's society and economy.^[6] In the 7 May 2011 Singaporean general election, Tan contested the Holland-Bukit Timah GRC.^[3]

On the economy, Tan proposed $60 billion to be set aside for a National Regeneration Plan.^[7] He called the sum "small change" compared to the government's supposed surpluses and losses in investments.^[8] The "small change" label was criticised by Deputy Prime Minister Teo Chee Hean and Minister for Community Development, Youth and Sports Vivian Balakrishnan, who said that the $60 billion set aside could put 500,000 jobs at risk.^[7]

Tan proposed that Singapore shift its focus away from manufacturing to the services sector.^[9] He argued that "we should not promote manufacturing because it requires a lot of land and labour. But Singapore is short of land and labour... We want to promote, we want to use our land, limited tax incentives... promoting services sector such as medical, health sectors, education, creative industries."^[9] Tan's suggestion was rebuked by Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew, who questioned his qualifications.^[10] Lee said the manufacturing sector is more "steady" compared to the "volatile" services sector.^[11] In response, Tan pointed out that his proposals were endorsed by Lord Butler of Brockwell, the British Cabinet Secretary from 1988 to 1998.^[10] He disputed Lee's assertion that the manufacturing sector is more steady by citing a 2009 study by Ministry of Trade and Industry economists which concluded that the services sector as a whole has a relatively low volatility.^[10]

During the campaign, Senior Minister Goh claimed that Tan left the civil service because Goh "did not think he could make it as a permanent secretary."^[12] Tan refuted Goh's claims and explained that he had intended to leave the civil service in 1984 after his scholarship bond ended, but was persuaded instead by Goh to become the latter's principal private secretary (PPS). After five years as Goh's PPS, Tan said he stated his intent to leave again, which Goh accepted.^[10]

Tan's team, composed of Vincent Wijeysingha, Ang Yong Guan and Michelle Lee lost to the People's Action Party (PAP) team led by Vivian Balakrishnan, which won 60.1% of the vote.^[13]

2011 presidential election[link]

In July 2011, Tan resigned from the SDP and announced his candidacy for the 2011 presidential election.^[14]

Platform[link]

He campaigned on a platform of being a candidate who is "clear[ly]" independent from the ruling PAP and declared that he would be the "conscience of the nation."^[14][15] Tan said he could "provide real and effective checks and balances on the excesses of the PAP government" since the President has veto power in some key areas.^[16] He cited the country's new casino industry as an example of PAP "[losing] its moral compass."^[15]

In addition, Tan said he wanted to "raise the profile of all non-PAP forces" in preparation for the next general election.^[16] He added that he aimed to show Singaporeans that the office of the president "is not a shoo-in for the PAP."^[16]

Tan also emphasised his economics background and policymaking experience.^[17]

He pledged to lobby the government to reduce its role in private business to encourage entrepreneurship. He explained: "[I]t is not the business of Government to be in business... I think Singaporeans can get better service from people who are motivated to serve, not because they are civil servants."^[18] Among his proposals are to gradually sell Temasek Holdings' assets to the private sector and invest the earnings in education and health infrastructure.^[18] Tan estimated that Temasek Holdings accounted for 60 percent of Singapore's GDP, but this claim was discredited by the company, which put the figure at 10 percent.^[19]

Tan also hoped for a review on taxes, saying: "The fact that you have accumulated huge surpluses every year... is excess of revenue over expenditure. So by having more revenue than necessary to finance government service, you are overtaxing the people. I think that's wrong."^[18]

Tan called for a minimum wage in Singapore, saying that not having one would be "unconscionable."^[18] He also said the government's "hard-nosed approach" had left some Singaporeans behind: "Whoever wants a job will get a job, whoever works enough will have a good living – that's not true. There are people who, despite all that they do, cannot make it in life here."^[20]

His campaign symbol (which is printed on the ballots) was a heart, which he said represents "empathy and compassion."^[20]

Eligibility[link]

Doubts were initially raised over his eligibility as a presidential candidate as he did not meet the criterion of being the chief executive officer of a Singapore company with a paid-up capital of S$100 million.^[21][22] Tan said he was CEO with the title of regional managing director of AIB Govett Asia which managed total assets in excess of S$100 million which, in his view, would make it equivalent to managing a company with a paid-up capital of S$100 million.^[14]

He also pointed out that he had met the alternate criterion of having served for not less than three years in "any other similar or comparable position of seniority and responsibility in any other organisation or department of equivalent size or complexity in the public or private sector."^[22]

He submitted his application to the Elections Department on 4 August under the latter criterion^[22] and was awarded a certificate of eligibility (COE) a week later, along with Tony Tan Keng Yam, Tan Cheng Bock and Tan Kin Lian.^[23] The awarding of the COE to Tan Jee Say was seen as a liberal interpretation of the eligibility criteria by the Presidential Elections Committee.^[24]

Campaign[link]

Tan is the only eligible candidate with no previous ties to the PAP.^[25] He is regarded as the most opposition candidate having participated in a general election under the SDP.^[26] His bid was endorsed by the Temasek Review Emeritus website,^[27] opposition politicians Nicole Seah,^[28] Vincent Wijeysingha, Jeanette Chong-Aruldoss, Steve Chia,^[20] and candidate-hopeful Andrew Kuan (who was not awarded a COE).^[29]

His interpretation of the president's role was challenged by Law Minister K. Shanmugam, who pointed out that the president acts only on the advice of the government and has veto power only in specific areas. Nonetheless, Tan persists on the president's check and balance role, and described the office as "a centre of moral power" rather than "a second centre of executive power."^[20]

Political pundits suggested that among Tan Jee Say, Tan Cheng Bock and Tan Kin Lian, two candidates should withdraw to facilitate a straight contest between one of them and Tony Tan, who is widely seen as the leading candidate.^[30][31] On 12 August, Tan Jee Say said he wouldn't back out of the contest.^[32]

Also on 12 August, Tony Tan said it would be a "grave mistake" to phase out manufacturing in Singapore.^[33] Tan Jee Say responded by telling The Online Citizen blog that he did not suggest closing down factories and that his views were "distorted" during the general election.^[34] During nomination day, his supporters jeered at Tony Tan. Tan Jee Say later acknowledged that their actions were "not the correct way to conduct our campaign."^[35]

During a forum hosted by The Online Citizen attended by all four candidates on 19 August, Tan Jee Say got into a heated exchange with Tony Tan over the Internal Security Act (ISA), which allows the government to detain people without trial.^[36] Tan Jee Say said that the law has been used to detain political opponents of the government, which drew a pointed response from Tony Tan, who labelled it a "very serious charge" and asked the former to back it up. Tan Jee Say shot back: "The people who have been detained have opposed the government. That's what I'm saying," before he was interjected by the moderator.^[36]

Result[link]

The election was won by Tony Tan who garnered 35.19 percent of the vote, just 7,269 votes ahead of Tan Cheng Bock. Tan Jee Say finished third with 25.04 percent of the vote.^[37]

Reflecting on the result, Tan conceded that his "confrontational" image may have hurt his bid.^[38]

Post-presidential bid[link]

Immediately after losing his bid to become president, Tan declined to join any political party, and announced that he would focus on forming a coalition of opposition parties to contest the next general election.^[39] His proposal was welcomed by the Singapore People's Party, National Solidarity Party, and Reform Party.^[40]

References[link]

Notes

External links[link]

• Official website