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Indo-Persian Royal and Noble Ranks

Emperor : Sultan, Shah

King : Sultan, Shah

Royal Prince : Shahzada, Mirza

Noble Prince : Mirza, Sahibzada

Nobleman: Nawab, Baig

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Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive, meeting with Nawab Mir Jafar after Battle of Plassey, by Francis Hayman.

A Nawab or Nawaab (Urdu: نواب) is an honorific title ratified and bestowed by the reigning Mughal Emperor to semi-autonomous Muslim rulers of princely states in South Asia. "Nawab" usually refers to males; the female equivalent is "Begum" or "Nawab Begum".

The title of "Nawab" was also awarded as a personal distinction by the paramount power, similar to a British peerage, to persons and families who never ruled a princely state, for various services to the Government of British India. In some cases, these titles were also accompanied by jagir grants, either in cash revenues and allowances or land-holdings. In the British Punjab, North West Frontier Province, Sindh and Balochistan, some of the chiefs or Sardars of large or important tribes were also given the title, in addition to traditional titles already held by virtue of chieftainship.

The term "Nawab" was originally used for the Subahdar (provincial governor) or viceroy of a Subah (province) or region of the Mughal empire.

History[link]

Nawab Bahadur Khanji III of Junagadh with Diwan Haridas Viharidas Desai and other State officials

The term is Urdu, borrowed via Persian from the Arabic being the honorific plural of naib i.e. 'deputy'. In some areas, especially Bengal, the term is pronounced Nobab. This later variation has entered the English and other foreign languages, see below.

The title Nawab or Nawaab is basically derived from the Arab word Naib which means "deputy." Muslim rulers preferred this as then they could be referred to as the deputies of God on earth and hence not infringing on God's title, i.e., Lord and master of this earth. The title is specifically founded by Twelver Shia Muslim rulers from the word Naib - E - Imaam (which means Deputy or representative of the Living Imaam Muhammad al-Mahdi).

The Procession of Yusef Ali Khan. A painting depicting Yusef Khan on his way to an encampment for the durbar held at Fatehgarh, in 1859.

The winter Diwan of a Mughal Nawab.

The term "nawab" is often used to refer to any Muslim ruler in north or south India while the term "Nizam" is preferred for a senior official--it literally means "governor of region". The Nizam of Hyderabad had several Nawabs under him: Nawabs of Cuddapah, Sira, Rajahmundry, Kurnool, Chicacole, et al. "Nizam" was his personal title, awarded by the Mughal Government and based on the term "Nazim" as meaning "senior officer". "Nazim" is still used for a district collector in many parts of India. The term "nawab" is still technically imprecise, as the title was also awarded to Hindus and Sikhs, as well, and large Zamindars and not necessarily to all Muslim rulers. With the decline of that empire, the title, and the powers that went with it, became hereditary in the ruling families in the various provinces.

Under later British rule, nawabs continued to rule various princely states of Awadh, Amb, Bahawalpur, Baoni, Banganapalle, Bhopal, Cambay, Jaora, Junagadh, Kurnool, Kurwai, Mamdot, Multan, Palanpur, Pataudi, Rampur, Malerkotla, Sachin and Tonk. Other former rulers bearing the title, such as the nawabs of Bengal and Oudh, had been dispossessed by the British or others by the time the Mughal dynasty finally ended in 1857. The title of the ruler of Palanpur was "Diwan" and not "Nawab".

The style for a nawab's queen is Begum. Most of the nawab dynasties were male primogenitures, although several ruling Begums of Bhopal and Ruchka Begum of TikaitGanj, near Lucknow were a notable exception.

Before the incorporation of the Subcontinent into the British Empire, nawabs ruled the kingdoms of Awadh (or Oudh, encouraged by the British to shed the Mughal suzereignty and assume the imperial style of Badshah), Bengal, Arcot and Bhopal.

Ruling Nawabs[link]

Miscellaneous Nawabs[link]

Personal Nawabs[link]

The title nawab was also awarded as a personal distinction by the paramount power, similarly to a British peerage, to persons and families who never ruled a princely state. The term nawab got widest currency in the nineteenth century. In order to motivate the Bengal ruling classes to participate in the community services the Auckland administration (1836–1842) had introduced a system of conferring honorific titles on the philanthropic and socially leading people. For the Muslim elite various Mughal-type titles were introduced, including Nawab. Among the noted British creations of this type were Nawab Hashim Ali Khan (1858–1940), Nawab Khwaja Abdul Ghani (1813–1896), Nawab Abdool Luteef (1828–1893), Nawab Faizunnesa Choudhurani (1834–1904), Nawab Ali Chowdhury (1863–1929), Nawab Syed Shamsul Huda (1862–1922) and Nawab Sirajul Islam (1848–1923), Nawab Alam yar jung Bahadur, M.A, Madras, B.A., B.C.L., Barr-At-Law (1888–1975). The 'Nawab' title was normally awarded to those influential people who already had some connection in land control and the title was attached to the name of the concerned estate or village, such as the Dhaka Nawab Family (seated at Ahsan Manzil), not to be confused with the earlier Naib Nazims of Dhaka which had been pensioned off in 1793). There also were the Nawabs of Dhanbari (Tangail), Nawabs of Ratanpur (Comilla), Nawabs of Baroda and such others.

Nawab as a court rank[link]

At the court of Persia's Shahanshahs of the imperial Qajar dynasty, precedence for non-members of the dynasty was organised in eight protocollary classes, generally coupled to various offices and qualities; the highest of these, styled nawab, was usually reserved for minor princes, while the six next classes (Shakhs-i-Awwal, Janab, Amir or Khan, 'Ali Jah Muqarrab, 'Ali Jah, 'Ali Sha'an) were awarded to various ministers, officers, commanders, Muslim clergy and so on, the eight and lowest, 'Ali Qadir, even to guild masters and the like.

A powerful Mughal Nawab of Oudh.

Nawab was also the rank title—again not an office—of a much lower class of Muslim nobles—in fact retainers—at the court of the Nizam of Hyderabad and Berar State, ranking only above Khan bahadur and Khan, but under (in ascending order) Jang, Daula, Mulk, Umara and Jah; the equivalent for Hindu courtiers was Raja Bahadur.

Derived titles[link]

The Nawab of Bengal Mir Qasim.

Nawabzada[link]

This style, adding the Persian suffix -zada which means son (or other male descendants; see other cases in Prince), (etymo)logically fits a Nawab's sons, but in actual practice various dynasties established other customs.

For example, in Bahawalpur only the Nawab's Heir Apparent used Nawabzada before his personal name, then Khan Abassi, finally Wali Ahad Bahadur (an enhancement of Wali Ehed), while the other sons of the ruling Nawab used the style Sahibzada before the personal name and only Khan Abassi behind. "Nawabzadi" implies daughters of the reigning nawab.

Elsewhere, rulers who were not styled nawab yet awarded a title nawabzada.

Nabob[link]

In colloquial usage in English (since 1612),^[1] adopted in other Western languages, the form nabob refers to commoners: a merchant-leader of high social status and wealth. "Nabob" derives from the Bengali pronunciation of "nawab": Bengali: নবাব nôbab. During the 18th century in particular, it was widely used as a disparaging term for British merchants or administrators who, having made a fortune in India, returned to Britain and aspired to be recognised as having the higher social status that their new wealth would enable them to maintain. Jos Sedley in Thackeray's Vanity Fair is probably the best known example in fiction. From this specific usage it came to be sometimes used for ostentatiously rich businesspeople in general. It can also be used metaphorically for people who have a grandiose sense of their own importance, as in the famous dismissal of the news media as "nattering nabobs of negativism" in a speech that was delivered by Spiro Agnew and written by William Safire.

Naybob[link]

A corrupted form of the English Nabob, which in itself is a corruption of the Indian Nawab. Noun representing a person who has a negative disposition or one who tends to disagree with everything. Example of usage "Of course you can do it, just ignore the naybobs".^{[citation needed]}

Naib[link]

The word Naib (Arabic: نائب‎) has been historically used to refer to any local leader in some parts of Ottoman Empire and eastern Caucasus (e.g. during Caucasian Imamate).

Today, the word is used to refer to directly-elected legislators in lower houses of parliament in many Arabic-speaking areas in order to contrast them against officers of upper houses (or Shura). The term Majlis al-Nuwwab (Arabic: مجلس النواب‎, literally council of deputies) has been adopted as the name of several legislative lower houses and unicameral legislatures.

Gallery[link]

Indian states formerly ruled by Nawabs[link]

References[link]

Sources

• Encyclopaedia: Dhaka Nawab Estate
• Nawab in Banglapedia
• Etymology OnLine
• RoyalArk- here Indian, see also Pakistan extensive genealogies on several dynasties
• WorldStatesmen more concise but more states
•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 

Akbar Khan Bugti (Balochi: نواب اکبر شہاز خان بگٹی) (July 12, 1927–August 26, 2006) was the Tumandar (head) of the Bugti tribe of Baloch and served as Minister of State for Interior and Governor of Balochistan Province in Pakistan.^[1]

After a wave of armed struggle started in Balochistan in 2004, Bugti was widely perceived as the leader but went underground in 2005. On August 26, he was killed in his cave in Kohlu, about 150 miles east of Quetta, leading to widespread unrest in the area.^[2]

Early life and family[link]

Nawab Akbar Khan was born in Barkhan the rural home of the rustic Khetran a Baloch tribe to which his mother belonged and now an upgraded district of Balochistan, on July 12, 1927. He was the son of Nawab Mehrab Khan Bugti and a grandson of Sir Shahbaz Khan Bugti. ^[3]His immediate relatives were his brothers Sardar Abdul Rahman Khan Bugti, Sardar Ahmed Nawaz Bugti and cousin Sardar Ghulam Mustafa Khan Bugti. He received his early education from Aitchison College and received Higher Education from Oxford University.^[4]

In politics[link]

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

He was a Tumandar, Tuman is a political alliance and not a tribe;hence the Tuman Bugti was led by him. Nawab Akbar Bugti was elected in a by-election to the National Assembly of Pakistan in May 1958 to fill the vacancy created as a result of the assassination of the incumbent, Dr Khan Sahib, and sat on the government bench as a member of the ruling coalition. Bugti (Republican) served as Minister of State (Interior) in the government of Prime Minister Malik Sir Feroz Khan Noon (Republican) from September 20, 1958, to October 7, 1958, when the cabinet was dismissed on the declaration of Martial Law by President Iskander Mirza.

He was arrested and convicted by a Military Tribunal in 1960 and subsequently disqualified from holding public office. As a result of his legal battles, he did not contest the 1970 general elections. Instead, he campaigned on behalf of his younger brother, Sardar Ahmed Nawaz Bugti, a candidate of the National Awami Party.

However, Bugti developed differences with the NAP leadership, especially the new Balochistan Governor, Ghaus Baksh Bizenjo. He informed the Federal Government and President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (Pakistan Peoples Party) of the alleged London Plan, which resulted in the dismissal of the provincial governor as well as the Chief Minister Sardar Ataullah Khan Mengal and his cabinet on February 14, 1973. The next day, the Federal Government appointed Bugti as the Governor of Balochistan, and the Pakistan Army was deployed in the province as part of a crackdown on the National Awami Party.

He resigned on January 1, 1974, after disagreeing with the manner in which the Federal Government was carrying out policies in Balochistan. The army had deployed 100,000 men in Balochistan killed large numbers of Balochis. The Pakistani army is alleged to have killed more than 4000 Balochi, mostly Marri insurgents, in these operations.

There was a lull in his activities when General Rahimuddin Khan was appointed Governor of Balochistan in 1978. Bugti remained silent throughout the course of Rahimuddin's rule, which was often characterized by hostility towards the Baloch Sardars.

In 1988, he joined the Balochistan National Alliance and was elected Chief Minister on February 4, 1989. His government frequently disagreed with the Federal Government led by the Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto (Pakistan Peoples Party).

Bugti resigned on August 6, 1990, when the provincial assembly was dissolved by Governor of Balochistan General Muhammad Musa in accordance with the instructions of President Ghulam Ishaq Khan, who was exercising his authority by virtue of Article 58 (2 b) of the Constitution of Pakistan. For the 1990 General Elections, Bugti formed his own political party, the Jamhoori Watan Party (JWP), being Balochistan's single largest party and was elected to the provincial assembly.

In 1993, he was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan, representing the JWP in parliament. Also, in 1993, Nawab Bugti announced his candidacy to be President of Pakistan but later withdrew his candidacy and announced his support of the eventual winner, Sardar Farooq Ahmed Khan Leghari. In 1997, Nawab Bugti was re-elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan, representing the JWP.

Balochistan conflict[link]

Bugti was involved in struggles, at times armed ones, in Balochistan in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. He led the current movement in Balochistan for greater autonomy. He was the public face and provided political support for the movement while his grandson, Brahamdagh Khan Bugti, led the Bugti tribesmen.^[5]

In recent years, he was accused by the Pakistani government of being a warlord and running a well-organized militia, sometimes thought to be the shadowy Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA) with members numbering in the thousands. The BLA allegedly ran dozens of militant guerrilla training camps. While campaigning from the mountain ranges of Dera Bugti, he was, according to the Pakistani government, directing a “Mullah Omar” style guerrilla war. In July 2006, Pakistani president General Musharraf targeted him through aerial bombing, using air force jets and gunship helicopters. The leader of Balochistan National Party, Sardar Akhtar Mengal said, "The increase in bomb attacks in the Bugti and Marri areas are meant to target Baloch nationalist leader Nawab Akbar Bugti and his associates" and called upon the international community to take note of the situation.^[6]

Death[link]

On Saturday August 26, 2006, around 22:30 hrs (PST), Bugti was killed when a shell exploded in the cave in which his camp was set. The Pakistani government launched a missile and it resulted in the cave shattering down into pieces killing Nawab Saab and his men. ^[7]

Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf termed his death a victory for Pakistanis and congratulated the secret service chief who carried out this operation.^{[citation needed]} Pakistan's Information Minister Mohammad Ali Durrani, confirmed that the operation included both air and ground assault. In a short telephone interview, made to a private television network, the Pakistani Information Minister said that Bugti's death occurred as the cave he was in collapsed.^{[citation needed]}

In a recent article the Pakistani Journalist Hamid Mir said that the last time that he talked to Nawab Bugti, he was in the mountains and had called Mir from his satellite phone. In this last conversation with Hamid Mir, Nawab Bugti told him Your commando general will rest only after he martyrs me but after my martyrdom he will be held responsible. So now it's up to you people to either choose Musharraf or Pakistan. The choice is yours."^[8][9]

Independent Sources[link]

The death of Nawab Bugti was a result of a military raid by the Pakistani security forces^[10] when they raided his mountain hideout. ^[11]

Quotes[link]

“It is better to die quickly in the mountain than slowly in bed."-^[3]

Aftermath[link]

Funeral and rioting[link]

Bugti's death was followed by rioting by thousands of students from the state-run Balochistan university and other balochs .^[12] As the news flashed across television screens in Pakistan, the government deployed Rangers and paramilitary forces across major cities to prevent a backlash and impose a curfew in the provincial capital, Quetta.^[12] Security arrangements for the Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf have been beefed up to the highest level, and his movement has since been very restricted, fearing a retaliatory attack. Security arrangements have been further enhanced in and around all airports of Pakistan. The media both in Pakistan and outside have severely condemend the killing as the "[m]ilitary’s second biggest blunder after Bhutto’s execution" and calling it a "political nightmare".^[13] Others have likened it to the East Bengal crisis of 1971 where military violence eventually led to the Bangladesh Liberation War.^[14]

On August 27, 2006, some private media broadcast news that Bugti's grandsons, Brahamdagh and Mir Ali, are still alive, but no official confirmation has been made.^{[citation needed]}

On September 1, 2006 Bugti was buried in Dera Bugti with three locks on his coffin, next to the graves of his son and brother. His family, who wanted a public funeral in Quetta, did not attend the burial, they protested against his body being locked in the coffin.^[15]

Brahumdagh Khan Bugti (son of Rehan Khan Bugti),Shah Zain Khan Bugti (son of Talal Bugti), Mir Aali Bugti, Kohmeer Bugti (son of Saleem Bugti), Tabish Khan Bugti (son of Agha Shahid Hassan Bugti), Taleh Bugti and Zamran Bugti (sons of saleem Bugti) are Bugti's grandsons.

On 26 September, 2010 Abdul Qayyum Khan Jatoi, a senior Pakistan federal minister criticized and accused the army of killing of Baluch leader Nawab Akbar Bugti in a raid in 2006. He was later made to resign following this disclosure.^[16]

See also[link]

• Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo
• Mir Gul Khan Nasir
• Ataullah Mengal
• Bugti
• Bugti militia
• Talal Akbar Bugti
• Brahamdagh Khan Bugti
• Hyderabad tribunal

Further reading[link]

• Matheson, Sylvia A. The Tigers of Balochistan. London: Arthure Barker Limited (1967). Reprint: Oxford University Press, Karachi (1998), ISBN 0-19-577763-8.

Notes[link]

References[link]

• Dawn - Dera Bugti jirga ‘ends Sardari system’
• Dawn - Elders term ‘jirga’ a govt drama
• DAWN - The Tumandar of the Bugtis
• Daily Times - Akbar Bugti killed in army operation
• Dawn - Bugti killed in operation: Six officers among 21 security personnel dead
• Gulf News - Bugti's killing will haunt Musharraf

External links[link]

• Exclusive Interview of Brahmdagh Bugti by Qurat ul ain Siddiqui

Portrait

• Rediff Pakistan - Birth Till Death Nawab Akbar Shahbaz Khan Bugti

Video clips[link]

• CNN Video Clip CNN Video Report on the Bugti tribe 2001
• BBC Reporters BBC Video Report on Dera Bugti, Balochistan situation 2005
• BBC Reporters BBC Video Report on Dera Bugti, Balochistan situation 2006
• [1] In Urdu
• [2] Nawab Bugti come for tribal jirga halt between Marri and Bugti tribes
• [3] In Sindhi, Nawab Bugti's Profile
• [4] An interview with Brahamdagh Bugti starting orcehstrated separatist movement against Pakistan

Audio clips[link]

• 13.01.05 BBC Urdu Interview Nawab Bugti
• 27.01.05 Voice Of America English Interview Nawab Bugti
• 17.03.05 BBC Urdu Interview Nawab Bugti
• 10.04.05 BBC Urdu Interview Nawab Bugti
• 15.05.05 BBC Urdu Interview Nawab Bugti
• 18.12.05 BBC Urdu Interview Nawab Bugti
• 19.12.05 Voice Of Germany Urdu Interview Nawab Bugti
• 25.12.05 BBC Urdu Interview Nawab Bugti
• 14.02.06 BBC Urdu Interview Nawab Bugti
• 11.05.06 BBC Urdu Interview Nawab Bugti
• 14.06.06 BBC Urdu Interview Nawab Bugti
• 07.07.2006 Interview of Nawab Bugti explaining how on 3 July 2006, his tribesmen foiled the Pakistani governments attempts to assassinate him for the third time using 3 fighter jets, 19 gunship helicopters which landed dozens of para-troopers and commandos (This particular clip has been blocked in Pakistan and can only be heard in countries other than Pakistan)
• 09.07.06 Voice Of America Urdu Interview Nawab Bugti
• General Musharraf talks to The Washington Post about his view of the rape victims

v t e Baloch nationalism Regions Balochistan Balochistan, Pakistan Sistan and Baluchestan Province (Iran) Balochistan, Afghanistan Parties and student groups Balochistan National Party Jamhoori Wattan Party National Party Baloch National Movement Baloch Republican Party Baloch National Front Baloch Students Organization Baloch Students Organization – Awami Balochistan People's Party Kalat State National Party Militant groups Balochistan Liberation Army Baloch Liberation Front Baluch People's Liberation Front Popular Front for Armed Resistance Baluchi Liberation Front Baluchi Autonomist Movement Partisans of National Liberation of Afghanistan Baloch Republican Army Balochistan Liberation United Front Parrari Jundallah Key figures Gul Khan Nasir Abdul Hai Baloch Habib Jalib Baloch Hameed Baloch Ghulam Mohammed Baloch Mir Nooruddin Mengal Allah Nazar Baloch Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo Hasil Bizenjo Akbar Bugti Brahamdagh Khan Bugti Prince Karim Khan Mir Lawang Khan Nawab Nowroz Khan Abdul Aziz Kurd Yousaf Aziz Magsi Balach Marri Khair Bakhsh Marri Jumma Khan Marri Sher Mohammad Marri Akhtar Mengal Ataullah Mengal Abdolmalek Rigi Dad Shah History Kalat (princely state) Balochistan conflict 1970s Operation Iraqi support Arms discovery in Iraqi Embassy Turbat killings Missing persons Human rights violations National myths/epics Mir Chakar Rind Hani and Sheh Mureed

Nawabzada Balach Marri Balach Marri
Born	January 17th 1962 Quetta
Died	November 21, 2007(2007-11-21) (aged 41) Afghanistan
Nationality	Pakistani
Other names	Sword Of Balochistan (Saif-e-Balochistan)
Occupation	Engineer
Known for	Fighting for the liberty of his ancestral Balochistan

Balach Marri (Urdu: مير بالاچ مری) was a Baloch tribal leader and a pro-independence fighter from Balochistan.

Balach Marri was son of prominent politician Nawab Khair Bakhsh Marri. Balach Marri's brother Ghazan Marri (Gazain Marri) is also a prominent politician. Balach Marri headed militant tribal organisation fighting for an independent Balochistan called Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA). The organization targeted Army officials, civilian infrastructure, markets and Government established structures. Mir Balach Marri was reportedly killed on November 21, 2007 in Afghanistan.

On January 17, 2008, Marri would've celebrated his birthday. Due to the political complexities of the region in which he died, most of us will never be fully informed of the details of his death. And while the mysterious circumstances of his murder will no doubt become the stuff of novelists and historians, the reasons he found himself ambushed in the never-never borderlands of Afghanistan or Pakistan are copiously documented.

Nawab Akbar Khan Bugti and Nawabzada Balach Marri[link]

Nawab Bugti was killed before Nawabzada Balach Marri's Death

In 2000, the nationalists launched armed attacks to press for greater provincial autonomy. Pakistan's army replied with a massive military operation in the province four years later. Over the next two years, hundreds of people were killed in clashes between the rebels and security forces.Hundreds of thousands fled the area as fighting worsened. The insurgency came to a climax in August 2006 when army troops surrounded several Baloch rebel leaders.This included Mir Balaach Marri and veteran politician and former provincial governor Sardar Akbar Khan Bugti.While Nawabzada Mir Balach Marri managed to escape along with several of his comrades, Nawab Bugti was killed. The clash also claimed the lives of dozens of army officers.After that most rebels leaders are thought to have gone into exile in neighbouring Afghanistan.But they continued to conduct raids into the region. In recent days, these had increased.But observers say the uprising could now be in trouble with the rebels' operational leader dead.

War And Escape[link]

Mir Balach Khan Marri is said to have been the military mastermind behind the Baloch rebels.Observers say the uprising will now be in trouble with the rebels' as the operational leader diedThe son of one of Balochistan's premier tribal chiefs, Nawab Khair Bux Marri, Mir Balach Marri was a committed nationalist.He resigned from the provincial parliament in 2003, complaining that Balochistan was still being deprived of its rights.The province is Pakistan's largest, and its richest in natural resources. It has some of the biggest proven reserves of natural gas in the world.There are also large deposits of gold, copper and other minerals.The rebels say most of these resources are appropriated by the federal government, while locals are denied employment in regional projects.All development indexes show Balochistan as the least developed of Pakistan's four provinces.

Death[link]

Mir Balach Marri is son of prominent politician Nawab Khair Bakhsh Marri was killed in Afghanistan. Gazain Marri brother of Balach Marri confirmed this news when called on his mobile . Though he could not tell this author exact location and details when contacted over his mobile phone in UAE . He said "I received a call from his close comrade last night at around 1:10 am, he said just one line " Balach has left us " . Then I understood what happened . They did not gave any information after that because of security reasons “ . When questioned about the details of incident he said "his comrades did not gave any details” .

Imdad Baloch, BSO leader - talking to over phone from Balochistan said the location of the encounter is Muski, however Gazain Marri said there are conflicting reports about exact location, "I do not want to speculate about this as I heard 3 different places " . Stating that he is in touch with his brother in London Mr.Mehran Baloch, family is grieving . “He made us proud and gave his life for the baloch cause “ said Gazain Marri . Currently body of Balach Marri is in possession of baloch fighters, said Gazain Marri .

Balach Marri told Al Aljazeera said: "In my opinion, the situation for the struggle of an independent Baluchistan is going ahead very well.People are depending upon their own strength and vision for an independent state."

According to official sources, Marri was supposedly a major moving force behind the Baloch Liberation Army, and was held responsible for a number of attacks on Sui Gas pipelines.

He was wanted by the Pakistani forces for a while now, and had been waging a war against the state in Balochistan, and more so after the death of Nawab Akbar Khan Bugti in August last year. (ANI)

References[link]

v t e Baloch nationalism Regions Balochistan Balochistan, Pakistan Sistan and Baluchestan Province (Iran) Balochistan, Afghanistan Parties and student groups Balochistan National Party Jamhoori Wattan Party National Party Baloch National Movement Baloch Republican Party Baloch National Front Baloch Students Organization Baloch Students Organization – Awami Balochistan People's Party Kalat State National Party Militant groups Balochistan Liberation Army Baloch Liberation Front Baluch People's Liberation Front Popular Front for Armed Resistance Baluchi Liberation Front Baluchi Autonomist Movement Partisans of National Liberation of Afghanistan Baloch Republican Army Balochistan Liberation United Front Parrari Jundallah Key figures Gul Khan Nasir Abdul Hai Baloch Habib Jalib Baloch Hameed Baloch Ghulam Mohammed Baloch Mir Nooruddin Mengal Allah Nazar Baloch Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo Hasil Bizenjo Akbar Bugti Brahamdagh Khan Bugti Prince Karim Khan Mir Lawang Khan Nawab Nowroz Khan Abdul Aziz Kurd Yousaf Aziz Magsi Balach Marri Khair Bakhsh Marri Jumma Khan Marri Sher Mohammad Marri Akhtar Mengal Ataullah Mengal Abdolmalek Rigi Dad Shah History Kalat (princely state) Balochistan conflict 1970s Operation Iraqi support Arms discovery in Iraqi Embassy Turbat killings Missing persons Human rights violations National myths/epics Mir Chakar Rind Hani and Sheh Mureed