Arsène Wenger
 |
| Personal information |
| Date of birth |
(1949-10-22) 22 October 1949 (age 62) |
| Place of birth |
Strasbourg, France |
| Height |
6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) |
| Playing position |
Sweeper |
| Club information |
| Current club |
Arsenal (manager) |
| Youth career |
| 1963–1969 |
FC Duttlenheim |
| 1969–1973 |
AS Mutzig |
| Senior career* |
| Years |
Team |
Apps† |
(Gls)† |
| 1973–1975 |
Mulhouse |
56 |
(4) |
| 1975–1978 |
ASPV Strasbourg |
80 |
(20) |
| 1978–1981 |
RC Strasbourg |
11 |
(0) |
| Total |
|
147 |
(24) |
| Teams managed |
| 1984–1987 |
Nancy-Lorraine |
| 1987–1994 |
Monaco |
| 1995–1996 |
Nagoya Grampus Eight |
| 1996– |
Arsenal |
* Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only.
† Appearances (Goals).
|
Arsène Wenger, OBE[1] (French pronunciation: [aʁsɛn vɛŋ(ɡ)ɛʁ]; born 22 October 1949) is a French former professional footballer, who is currently the manager of English Premier League side Arsenal. He is the club's longest serving manager and most successful, winning eleven major honours since 1996. Wenger is credited for revolutionising football in England in the late 1990s, primarily by introducing changes in training methods and player diets and implementing a philosophy of organising his teams to play entertaining football.[2]
Born in Strasbourg and subsequently raised in Duttlenheim, Wenger's playing career was modest. He played as a defender for various amateur clubs, while studying at the University of Strasbourg, where he completed an economics degree in 1974. He began his professional playing career in 1978 when he joined RC Strasbourg. Wenger obtained his manager diploma in 1981 and subsequently began his managerial career, where he achieved greater triumph and recognition than during his playing career. Despite an unsuccessful period at AS Nancy – culminating in his dismissal after the club's relegation from the First Division in 1987, Wenger won the league championship with AS Monaco the following year. In 1991, he guided the club to victory in the Coupe de France but failure to regain the domestic championship in later seasons led to Wenger departing Monaco by mutual consent at the beginning of the 1994–95 season. He briefly coached Japanese J. League side Nagoya Grampus Eight, winning the Emperor's Cup and the Japanese Super Cup. He became manager of Arsenal in 1996, and two years later, in 1998, became the first manager born outside of Britain to win the league and cup double and replicated the achievement in 2002. In 2004, Wenger became the only manager in Premier League history to go through an entire season undefeated, a run which ended at 49 matches. His tenure also brought the club their first appearance in a Champions League final at Paris in 2006 and oversaw Arsenal moving to the Emirates Stadium, after 93 years at Highbury.
The nickname Le Professeur was given to him by his former Arsenal players and is still used by fans and the British media today, reflecting his studious demeanor.[3] Wenger's approach to the game has been an emphasis on attack. Wenger's early Arsenal sides were criticised for their indiscipline, receiving 72 red cards between September 1996 and February 2008; though they also won awards for fair play. At Monaco, Wenger earned a reputation for unearthing young talent, and has retained a focus on developing a youth system, where the clubs he manages develop young players in preference to buying in expensive experienced players. While his net transfer record is far superior to other leading Premier League clubs, he has recently faced criticism for sticking closely to the youth system rather than buying in new players.[4]
Wenger is married with one daughter, and lives in London. He is a football consultant for French television station TF1, is a world brand ambassador for Nike Football and Castrol, and is fluent in French, German and English; he also speaks Italian, Spanish and Japanese.
Wenger was born on 22 October 1949 in Strasbourg, Alsace to Alphonse and Louise Wenger. He was raised in the village of Duttlenheim, 13 miles south west of his birthplace along with his older sister and brother, Guy. Wenger's father, who had been conscripted into the German army, owned an automobile spare-parts business, as well as a bistro titled La Croix d'Or.[6][7] Reflecting later on his upbringing in an address to the League Managers Association in 2009, Wenger said:
There is no better psychological education than growing up in a pub because when you are five or six years old, you meet all different people and hear how cruel they can be to each other. From an early age you get a practical, psychological education to get into the minds of people. It is not often that a boy of five or six is always living with adults in a little village. I learned about tactics and selection from the people talking about football in the pub – who plays on the left wing and who should be in the team.
[7]
Wenger was introduced to football by his father, the manager of the village team. As a young boy he was taken to see games in Germany, where he held an affection for Borussia Mönchengladbach. As Alsace was an area steeped in religion, Wenger and the village boys were raised Catholic and often needed to seek permission from the priest to miss vespers (evening prayers) in order to play football. Because the population of Duttlenheim was small, fielding a team of eleven players of equal ages proved difficult. Wenger as a result did not play team football until the age of twelve.
For much of his youth, Wenger spent time playing football and organizing matches at the village team, FC Duttlenheim. He made the first team at age 16 and was subsequently recruited to nearby third division club AS Mutzig by the team's manager Max Hild, who would go on to become his mentor, advising Wenger on managerial decisions later in his career and whose team had been famed for playing the "best amateur football" in Alsace.[11] Wenger's playing career was modest. He played as a defender for various amateur clubs, while studying at the Faculté des sciences économiques et de gestion branch of the University of Strasbourg, where he completed an economics degree in 1974.[a][16] Staying on as an amateur, Wenger realised the importance and usefulness of speaking English in his studies and enrolled on a three-week language course in Cambridge.
In 1978, Wenger turned professional by making his debut for RC Strasbourg against Monaco.[18] He only made twelve appearances for the team, including two as they won the Ligue 1 title in 1978–79, and played once in the UEFA Cup in the same season. In 1981, he obtained a manager's diploma and was appointed the coach of the RC Strasbourg's youth team.[19]
Wenger joined AS Cannes, a Ligue 2 (then called Division 2) club, as assistant manager in 1983; a year later, after being recommended by Aldo Platini (father of Michel Platini, and the club's sports director), he became manger of AS Nancy, who were in Ligue 1 (then called Division 1), the top level of French football.[20] At the end of the 1984–85 season, his first as a manager, Nancy finished 11th in the league, four places higher than in the previous campaign. The club however ended the 1985–86 season in 18th position and had to win a play-off match to avoid relegation. In Wenger's final season in charge, Nancy finished 19th and were relegated to Ligue 2. Platini in later years defended the appointment of Wenger, stating "It wasn't [his] fault. He had no money to spend with us".
During his stay at Nancy, Wenger attracted the interest of fellow Ligue 1 club AS Monaco. In favour of taking up a challenge in the south, he offered his resignation prior to the start of the 1986–87 season, only to be turned down by president Jacques Rousselot. Following Nancy's relegation, Wenger was permitted to leave the club by mutual consent and join Monaco, succeeding manager Ștefan Kovács in 1987.
Wenger identified several players to build his desired team. Tottenham Hotspur midfielder Glenn Hoddle, granted a free transfer, and Patrick Battiston, out of contract at Bordeaux, were drafted in. Striker Mark Hateley joined from Milan and was encouraged to hear his fellow Englishman Hoddle would be playing with him. Wenger won the league in his debut season at Monaco and finished six points ahead of Bordeaux, losing the same number of matches in the championship. Despite scoring more goals in 1988–89 largely due to the purchase of Liberian striker George Weah, Monaco failed to retain the league – finishing third behind Olympique de Marseille and Paris Saint-Germain respectively. The club reached the final of the Coupe de France in the same season but lost 4–3 to Marseille.
Monaco again finished third in 1989–90, with striker Ramón Díaz scoring 15 goals in his first season at the club. Wenger resolved to integrate more youth into the first team, signing 23-year old Youri Djorkaeff from Strasbourg and promoting Lilian Thuram and Emmanuel Petit from the reserve set up.[25] Monaco ended the championship season as runners-up but beat league winners Marseille in the Coupe de France final through a last minute goal from substitute Gérald Passi. In 1991–92, Wenger led Monaco to second place for the second successive season and lost the 1992 European Cup Winners' Cup Final 2–0 to Werder Bremen.[27] In spite of acquiring the service of German midfielder Jürgen Klinsmann, the club struggled to regain the championship, concluding the subsequent seasons in third and ninth positions. Monaco did reach the semi-finals of the Champions League in 1993–94 but lost to eventual winners Milan.[28] Wenger's reputation grew as a result of the run in Europe, with Bayern Munich in particular wanting him as their next manager. Monaco refused to let him leave and Wenger chose to stay, but a poor start to the 1994–95 season meant he was dismissed on 17 September 1994, with the team lying in 17th spot in the table.[29]
In 2001, Wenger said that the impact of bribery and corruption had influenced his decision to leave France, as Marseille, who had held Monaco off the top spot for several years, were found guilty in 1994 of match fixing.[30]
In January 1995, Wenger joined Japanese J. League team Nagoya Grampus Eight. It was there he hired as his assistant, former Valenciennes manager Boro Primorac, whom he had met during the 1993 match-fixing scandal involving Olympique de Marseille. Wenger fully supported the Bosnian manager when he successfully attempted to clear himself from any wrongdoing. Primorac would remain Wenger's 'right-hand man' for years to come, a position he still holds today.[32]
Wenger enjoyed a successful 18-month stint with the club, winning the national cup competition, the Emperor's Cup in his first season and being awarded with the J. League Manager of the Year award in 1995, making him the first foreign manager to be given the accolade.[33] In his final season he took Nagoya Grampus from the bottom three to runners-up position in the league, its best showing until 2010, where his former protegé Dragan Stojković led the club to its first title, citing Wenger's positive influence and continued advice throughout the season.[34][35]
By then Wenger had become a close friend of Dein – the vice-chairman of Arsenal, whom he had met during a match between Arsenal and Queens Park Rangers in 1988.[36] After the departure of Bruce Rioch in August 1996, Gérard Houllier, the then technical director of the French Football Federation advised Dein to consider Wenger as the club's managerial replacement.[37] Despite the bookmakers installing former Barcelona player and manager Johan Cruyff as the favourite to take over from Rioch,[38] Arsenal confirmed Wenger's appointment on 30 September 1996, with him officially starting work the following day.[39] Wenger was Arsenal's first manager born outside of the British Isles. Though he had previously been touted as a potential technical director of the Football Association,[40] Wenger was a relative unknown in English football, with the Evening Standard newspaper greeting his appointment under the headline 'Arsene Who?'.[41]
At first, I thought: What does this Frenchman know about football? He wears glasses and looks more like a schoolteacher. He’s not going to be as good as George [Graham]. Does he even speak English properly?
A month before formally taking charge of the team, Wenger advised the club to sign French midfielders Patrick Vieira[43] and Rémi Garde.[44] His first official match was a 2–0 away victory over Blackburn Rovers on 12 October 1996, but he did have direct input in the team's defeat to Borussia Mönchengladbach over two–legs in the UEFA Cup, suggesting "one or two changes" to caretaker manager Pat Rice.[45][46] Arsenal finished third in Wenger's first season,[47] missing out on second place (occupied by Newcastle United),[48] and hence Champions League qualification on goal difference.[47]
In his second season, Arsenal won the Premier League and FA Cup, completing the second league and cup double in the club's history.[49] The team, written off by many journalists after losing 1–3 at home to Blackburn Rovers[50] had made up a twelve-point deficit on Manchester United in the final nine weeks of the season, securing the league title with two games to spare. The success was built on the inherited defence, consisting of Tony Adams, Steve Bould, Nigel Winterburn, Lee Dixon and Martin Keown, who contributed to a run of eight consecutive clean sheets between January and March 1998.[51] Wenger regarded striker Dennis Bergkamp as the 'catalyst' for their good form towards the end of the season and new signings, Emmanuel Petit as a partner for Patrick Vieira, winger Marc Overmars and teenage striker Nicolas Anelka also flourished from the manager's attack-minded principals.[52][53]
The following seasons were comparatively barren with a series of near misses. In 1998–99 the club failed to retain the league title, losing out to Manchester United by a single point on the final day of the season.[54] United also eliminated Arsenal in extra time after a goal from Ryan Giggs in a FA Cup semi-final; Wenger ruing that "it was not our night and we were unlucky".[55] A year later, Arsenal lost the 2000 UEFA Cup Final to Galatasaray on penalties[56] and in 2001 were beaten by Liverpool in the 2001 FA Cup Final having dominated the majority of the match.[57] The trophy drought coincided with Wenger being linked to a coaching move to Barcelona.[58] He however agreed a new four-year contract in July 2001, after giving the Arsenal board assurances over his commitment to the club.[59] Wenger made no fewer than six signings in the summer, including the controversial arrival of Tottenham defender and former captain Sol Campbell on a free transfer and midfielder Giovanni van Bronckhorst from Rangers, as a replacement for Petit.[60][61] Fredrik Ljungberg, Thierry Henry and Robert Pirès – bought in during preceding transfer windows had now established themselves into the first team.[62][63]
Wenger in training with Arsenal.
Wenger achieved the double once more in 2001–02.[64] The crowning moment was the win against Manchester United at Old Trafford in the penultimate game of the season.[64] Striker Sylvain Wiltord scored the winner to secure the club's 12th league championship and third double; four days earlier Arsenal beat Chelsea 2–0 in the final of the FA Cup via goals from Ray Parlour and Ljungberg.[65] The team remarkably scored in every single league fixture and remained unbeaten away from home, winning 13 and drawing five.[64][66]
Arsenal extended their good form into the 2002–03 season, overhauling Nottingham Forest's top-flight record of 22 league matches without defeat and equalled Manchester United's Premier League total of 29 matches unbeaten—they eclipsed the feat after beating Sunderland 3–1 in October 2002.[67] The team's impressive run led to Wenger declaring in an interview to the Daily Mirror that Arsenal could go the entire season unbeaten.[68] The team lost to Everton – their first league defeat in over 10 months but ascended into an eight point lead over rivals Manchester United by March 2003. In the final weeks of the season, United overhauled the Gunners as Arsenal threw away a two-goal lead against Bolton Wanderers to draw 2–2[69] and then lost at home 2–3 to Leeds United.[70] Wenger was compensated with a 1–0 win over Southampton in the 2003 FA Cup Final, becoming the first manager since Keith Burkinshaw to retain the trophy.[71]
In 2003–04, Arsenal made history by winning the Premier League title without a single defeat – a feat last achieved by Preston North End in the 1888–89 season.[72][73] Wenger, who was derided for suggesting that it was possible for Arsenal to go unbeaten, later reflected that his comments were "a season too early".[74] Arsenal's run of 49 league games unbeaten came to an end with a 2–0 defeat at Manchester United on 24 October 2004.[75] The team enjoyed another relatively strong league campaign but finished second to Chelsea, who ended the season 12 points in front.[76] Consolation again came in the FA Cup in 2005, Arsenal defeating Manchester United on penalties after a scoreless final.[77]
Arsenal supporters hold up cards that spell out 'IN ARSÈNE WE TRUST' in May 2009.
Arsenal endured two comparatively poor seasons in 2005–06 and 2006–07, finishing fourth in the Premier League on both occasions and outside of the top two for the first time in Wenger's tenure.[78][79] The club however reached their first Champions League final in May 2006 but ended the competition as runners-up, conceding twice in the final 15 minutes against Barcelona.[80] In the summer of 2006, Arsenal relocated to the Emirates Stadium, which Wenger said was "vital to our future".[81] The club reached the League Cup final in February 2007, fielding a young team throughout the competition and ultimately came up short against Chelsea, losing 2–1.[82]
The departure of Dein in April 2007 and club captain Henry two months later led to uncertainty over Wenger's position as manager prior to the 2007–08 season.[83] In September 2007, Wenger signed a new three-year extension at Arsenal insisting that he remained committed to "the club of my life".[84] Arsenal made an impressive start in the league, losing once at the turn of the year and became the first team to reach 60 points in February 2008.[85] A career threatening injury to striker Eduardo against Birmingham City on 23 February 2008 led to Wenger calling for a permanent football ban on tackler Martin Taylor, a comment he later retracted.[86] A run of three consecutive draws in March ensured first Manchester United and subsequently Chelsea to overhaul Arsenal at the top of the league table, ending the season in third position.[87]
Arsenal made a troubling start in 2008–09, having sold first-team players Mathieu Flamini, Gilberto Silva and Alexander Hleb to A.C. Milan, Panathinaikos and Barcelona respectively. [88] In spite of going 21 matches without defeat in all competitions, securing fourth position in the league and reaching the semi-finals of the Champions League and FA Cup, Wenger was subject to open criticism from Arsenal fans – something he alluded to as "like being a murderer".[89] Arsenal finished third in the league the following season, but were eliminated in the quarter-finals of the Champions League by Barcelona. The performance of striker Lionel Messi in particular prompted Wenger to call him "the best player in world", comparing the footballer to a 'PlayStation'.[90]
In August 2010, Wenger signed a further three-year contract to continue his managerial career at Arsenal.[91] Arsenal were on course for a quadruple trophy haul in 2010–11 before defeat to Birmingham City in the League Cup Final following a mix-up in the Arsenal defence.[92] This was followed by a run of just two wins in eleven Premier League games to take them from title contenders to a fourth place finish, as well as exits in FA Cup and Champions League at the hands of Manchester United and Barcelona respectively.[93][94] At the start of the 2011–12 season, Arsenal sold star talents Cesc Fàbregas and Samir Nasri.[95] Suspensions and injuries left an understrength team to face Manchester United at Old Trafford on 29 August 2011, with the result ending 8–2, Arsenal's worst defeat for 115 years.[96] Sir Alex Ferguson in his post match comments defended Wenger from increasing criticism,[97] as some lambasted the Frenchman for refusing to pay big money to bring established stars to the club.[98] On the final day of the season, Arsenal secured third position in the Premier League and qualified for the Champions League for a fifteenth successive season.[99]
Wenger prior to the
FA Cup fourth-round match between Manchester United and Arsenal in February 2008.
Wenger has been described as a coach who "has spent his career building teams that combine the accumulation of silverware with a desire to entertain and attack",[100] and as "a purist, dedicated to individual and collective technical quality".[101] The Times notes that since the 2003–04 season, Wenger's approach to the game has been an emphasis on attack.[102] His style of play has been contrasted with the pragmatic approach of his rivals,[103] but has also been criticised for lacking a "killer touch".[104] Although Wenger for a number of years employed a 4–4–2 formation,[105][106] since 2005, he has often relied on 4–5–1 with a lone striker and packed midfield,[107] especially since the move to the wider pitch at Emirates Stadium,[108] and in Champions League games.[109] Beginning with the 2009–10 season, largely due to the development of Cesc Fàbregas, Wenger has instituted a fluid 4–3–3 formation at Arsenal, with the front five attackers changing positions freely during the match.[110]
In England, Wenger is regarded for underlining the importance of good nutrition by reforming the players' training and dietary regimes. He brought in dietitians to explain the benefits of a healthy lifestyle and acquired the help of Philippe Boixel, an osteopath for the France national football team to work on the realignment of the players' bodies every month. The innovations had a desirable effect on the team as it prolonged the careers of several overaged players. Former Watford manager Graham Taylor, in later years praised Wenger's contribution in English football: "It is that change of culture, the change of philosophy which I think was the most important … I believe his biggest contribution to football is getting across the idea that players have to prepare right and look after themselves".[112]
At Monaco, Wenger earned a reputation for unearthing young talent.[113] He brought Liberian George Weah,[114] who later became FIFA World Player of the Year with Milan from Cameroonian side Tonnerre Yaoundé, and Nigerian Victor Ikpeba, who later became African Player of the Year from R.F.C. de Liège. The former, while receiving his award from FIFA president João Havelange and vice-president Lennart Johansson invited Wenger up to the stage and spontaneously gave his medal to the manager as a token of his appreciation.[115] Throughout his managerial career at Arsenal, Wenger has signed relatively unknown and inexperienced players such as Patrick Vieira,[44] Cesc Fàbregas,[116] Robin van Persie[117] and Kolo Touré,[118] helping their transition to become familiar names in European football. He has also helped a few of his veterans rejuvenate their careers, particularly at Arsenal. Dennis Bergkamp, signed a year before Wenger's arrival reached his peak in the 1997–98 season – scoring 22 goals and creating 15 assists. Wenger helped his former protégé at Monaco, Thierry Henry develop into a striker, who subsequently became Arsenal's all-time top scorer and stood by captain Tony Adams after admitting his battle with alcoholism in 1996.[119] UEFA president Michel Platini and Bayern Munich chairman Karl-Heinz Rummenigge have openly criticised Wenger's youth policy, with the latter disputing it was tantamount to 'child trafficking'.[120] Wenger refuted the analogy, by saying "Look at Santa Cruz at Blackburn. Ask him what age he came to Bayern Munich. Then you have an answer for Rummenigge".[120]
Although Wenger has made some big-money signings for Arsenal, his net transfer record is far superior to other leading Premier League clubs. A survey in 2007 found he was the only Premier League manager to have made a profit on transfers,[121] and between 2004 and 2009, Wenger made an average profit of £4.4 million per season on transfers, far more than any other club.[122][123] A notable example of his shrewdness in the transfer market was the purchase of Nicolas Anelka from Paris Saint-Germain for only £500,000[124] and the player's subsequent sale to Real Madrid just two years later for £23.5 million.[125] This enabled Wenger to buy three players: Henry, Pirès, and Wiltord, who all played significant roles for the first team in the early 2000s.[126] The sale also helped the club fund for its new training centre at London Colney, which Wenger campaigned for.[127][128] Moreover, the Arsenal defence, which set a new record after going 10 consecutive games without conceding a goal in the Champions League cost the club less than £5 million to assemble.[129] Wenger's reluctance to spend more money on transfers is often remarked as being the principal reason for Arsenal's failure to win trophies and compete in the Premier League, since moving to the Emirates Stadium.[130] His decision to entrust youth, instead of experienced players was to prepare for the financial restriction of building a new stadium and a way of creating an 'identity' with Arsenal: "I felt it would be an interesting experiment to see players grow together with these qualities, and with a love for the club. It was an idealistic vision of the world of football."[131] While the youth system has not had the desired effects, Wenger has been able to sell his players at a higher cost; in February 2011, Arsenal announced a £46.1m profit, largely due to the depatures of Fábregas, Nasri and Clichy.[132]
Wenger is a stern advocate of financial fair play in football.[133] He has criticised the long term approach of other clubs, namely Chelsea, Manchester City and Real Madrid for spending more than they take from revenue – something he refers to as 'financial doping'.[134] He is in favour of "common sense and good management".[135]
Several English players have started their careers at Arsenal under Wenger, including David Bentley, Steve Sidwell, Jermaine Pennant, Matthew Upson and Ashley Cole, while young English talent such as Theo Walcott, Kieran Gibbs and Jack Wilshere, still are building careers at the club. However, Wenger has often been criticised by other Premier League managers for fielding many foriegn players. In a league match against Crystal Palace on 14 February 2005, Arsenal fielded a 16-man squad that featured no British players—the first time in the club's history.[136] In March 2006, West Ham United's former manager Alan Pardew said that Arsenal's Champions League success was "not necessarily a triumph for British football".[137] Wenger saw the issue of nationality as irrelevant and said, "When you represent a club, it's about values and qualities, not about passports", also implying that there was a racial aspect to what Pardew had said. In response, Pardew said that, "A manager who is married to a Swede and has signed players from all over the world cannot be called racist."[138]
Other pundits including Trevor Brooking, the director of football development at The Football Association, have defended Wenger. Brooking has stated that a lack of English players in "one of England's most successful clubs" was more of a reflection of England's talent pool itself rather than Wenger,[139] an opinion subsequently shared by youth team coach and ex-Liverpool player Craig Johnston.[140]
Wenger's early Arsenal sides were criticised for their indiscipline, receiving 72 red cards between September 1996 and February 2008 in all competitions.[141] However, in both 2004 and 2005, Wenger's Arsenal won the Premier League's Fair Play League tables for sporting behaviour[142][143] and almost repeated the feat in 2006, finishing second.[144] Their record as one of the most sporting clubs in the division continued up to 2009, with the club always a feature in the top four of the Fair Play table.[145][146][147] Wenger's team again topped the fair play table for the 2009–10 season.[148]
In February 1999, Wenger offered Sheffield United a replay of their FA Cup fifth round match immediately after the match had finished, due to the controversial circumstances in which it was won.[149] Arsenal's winning goal, scored by Overmars, had resulted from Kanu failing to return the ball to the opposition after it had been kicked into touch to allow Sheffield United's Lee Morris receive treatment for an injury.[150] Arsenal went on to win the replayed match 2–1.[151][152]
Wenger's relations with his fellow football managers and officials have not always been genial. In an joint-interview with The Times and Daily Mail in 2009, he explained that his discourtesy is mistaken for 'mistrust': "There are managers I respect, and I respect what they do, but you cannot be completely friendly and open up".[153] He is well known for his rivalry with Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson. Beginning in 1997, the dispute reached its culmination in the infamous "Pizzagate"[154] incident at Old Trafford in October 2004. After Manchester United ended Arsenal's 49 game unbeaten Premier League run in acrimonious circumstances, a member of the Arsenal squad allegedly threw a pizza at the opposition in the tunnel.[155] Wenger was fined £15,000 for calling United striker Ruud van Nistelrooy "a cheat" in a post-match television interview.[156] Both managers have since agreed to tone down their words in an attempt to defuse the rivalry.[157]
During October and November 2005, Wenger became embroiled in a war of words with then Chelsea manager José Mourinho. Mourinho accused Wenger of having an "unprofessional obsession" with Chelsea, labeling Wenger a "rat"[158] and "voyeur".[159] Mourinho was quoted as saying, "He's worried about us, he's always talking about us – it's Chelsea, Chelsea, Chelsea, Chelsea".[159] Wenger responded by pointing out he was only answering journalists' questions about Chelsea, and described Mourinho's attitude as "disrespectful".[160] Mourinho has since been quoted as saying that he regrets the "voyeur" comment to which Wenger has accepted his apology.[161]
Wenger has made controversial statements regarding referees when decisions do not go in his team's way. He has often tried to defend his players when involved in controversial incidents on the field, by saying that he has not seen the incident; this is an option Wenger says he resorts to when there is no "rational explanation" to defend him, and that he has the player's best interests in mind.[162][163] In August 2000, he was charged with "alleged threatening behaviour and physical intimidation" towards fourth official Paul Taylor after Arsenal's 1–0 defeat at Sunderland on the opening day of the 2000–01 season.[164] A FA disciplinary commission found Wenger guilty, carrying a 12-week touchline ban and a fine of four weeks' salary.[165] He successfully appealed the ban but was reprimanded and fined £10,000 for his actions.[166] Following the 2007 Football League Cup Final, he called a linesman a 'liar', leading to an investigation by The Football Association,[167] a fine of £2500 and a warning.[168] In March 2011, Wenger was charged with improper conduct by UEFA over comments made to referee Massimo Busacca after his team's defeat to Barcelona.[169] He was fined €10,000 and suspended for one UEFA club competition match which extended to a further two games after he found guilty over communicating with Arsenal's bench while serving a touchline ban against Udinese.[170][171] A year later, Wenger was charged for post-match comments made about referee Damir Skomina in Arsenal's defeat to AC Milan in the Champions League.[172] He was fined £33,000 and handed a three-match touchline ban in the competition.[172]
A bronze sculpture of Wenger, unveiled by Arsenal in 2007.
At Arsenal, Wenger has enjoyed a great deal of support and backing from the club board of directors, who have demonstrated exceptional faith in the manager and his long-term vision.[173] Despite failing to win a trophy at the club since 2005, supporters regularly display banners affirming "Arsène knows"[174] and "In Arsène we trust"[175] during matches at the Emirates Stadium. At the Arsenal's valedictory campaign at Highbury throughout the 2005–06 season, supporters showed appreciation by holding a 'Wenger Day' as one of various themed matchdays. 'Wenger Day' was held on his 56th birthday on 22 October 2005, in a league match against Manchester City.[176]
Dein described Wenger as the most important manager in the club's history: "Arsene's a miracle worker. He's revolutionized the club. He's turned players into world-class players. Since he has been here, we have seen football from another planet."[177] Similar sentiments have been expressed by his fellow peers and former players, most notably from Alex Ferguson,[178] Pep Guardiola,[179] Patrick Vieira[180] and Brian Clough, who described Wenger as a "top, top manager"[181] after surpassing his Nottingham Forest side's record of 42 matches unbeaten. Wenger's transfer strategy moreover has been praised by American baseball manager Billy Beane, who regards the manager as an 'idol' for him.[182]
Wenger was awarded France's highest decoration, the Légion d'Honneur, in 2002[183] and in the Queen's Birthday Honours List of 2003, he along with fellow Frenchman Gérard Houllier were awarded honorary OBE's for their services to British football.[1] In recognition of a decade at Arsenal, Wenger became the second foreign manager after Italian-born Dario Gradi to be inducted into the English Football Hall of Fame in 2006.[184] Furthermore, a commissioned bronze bust of Wenger, similar to the earlier version of Herbert Chapman was unveiled as a tribute to him by the board of directors of Arsenal, at the club's annual general meeting on 18 October 2007.[185] Wenger had an asteroid, 33179 Arsènewenger, named after him[186] by the astronomer Ian P. Griffin, who states Arsenal as his favourite football club.[187]
In January 2011, it was announced that Wenger was voted 'World Coach of the Decade' by the International Federation of Football History & Statistics.[188] The organization aggregated the results from each year of the decade, and Wenger had narrowly beaten Alex Ferguson and José Mourinho for the honour.[189]
[190]
- As of 13 May 2012.[191]
| Team |
From |
To |
Record |
| G |
W |
D[b] |
L |
Win % |
| Nancy-Lorraine |
1984 |
1987 |
&10000000000000114000000114 |
&1000000000000003300000033 |
&1000000000000003000000030 |
&1000000000000005100000051 |
&1000000000000002894999928.95 |
| Monaco |
1987 |
17 September 1994 |
&10000000000000266000000266 |
&10000000000000130000000130 |
&1000000000000005300000053 |
&1000000000000008300000083 |
&1000000000000004886999948.87 |
| Nagoya Grampus Eight |
1995 |
1996 |
&1000000000000005600000056 |
&1000000000000003800000038 |
&100000000000000000000000 |
&1000000000000001800000018 |
&1000000000000006785999967.86 |
| Arsenal |
1 October 1996 |
Present |
&10000000000000901000000901 |
&10000000000000514000000514 |
&10000000000000215000000215 |
&10000000000000172000000172 |
&1000000000000005704999957.05 |
| Total |
&100000000000013370000001,337 |
&10000000000000715000000715 |
&10000000000000298000000298 |
&10000000000000324000000324 |
&1000000000000005347999953.48 |
- Strasbourg
- Monaco
- Nagoya Grampus
- Arsenal
- Individual
- French Manager of the Year: 2008
- J. League Manager of the Year: 1995
- Officer of the British Empire: 2003[1]
- Onze d'Or Coach of The Year (4): 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004
- FA Premier League Manager of the Year (3): 1998, 2002, 2004[193]
- LMA Manager of the Year (2): 2001–02,[194] 2003–04[195]
- BBC Sports Personality of the Year Coach Award (2): 2002,[196] 2004[197]
- Freedom of Islington: 2004[198]
- FWA Tribute Award: 2005[199]
- English Football Hall of Fame: 2006[184]
- Premier League Manager of the Month (12):[200] March 1998, April 1998, October 2000, April 2002, September 2002, August 2003, February 2004, August 2004, September 2007, December 2007, February 2011, February 2012
- World Coach of the Decade: 2001–2010[188]
Wenger is married to former basketball player Annie Brosterhous, with whom he has one daughter, Léa (born 1997), and lives in Totteridge, London.[201][11] Away from managerial duties, he is a football consultant for French television station TF1; a position which he has held since 2004.[202] Wenger is also a world brand ambassador for Nike Football and FIFA World Cup sponsor Castrol.[203][204] As part of the latter's arrangement, he has conducted several training camps for international youth teams worldwide, as well as advising and providing input to the Castrol Performance Index, FIFA's official ratings system, used for gauging player ratings at official FIFA tournaments ever since the system's inception.[205][206] Wenger is fluent in French, German and English, and speaks some Italian, Spanish and Japanese.[207]
Wenger has also authored a book on football management exclusively for the Japanese market, Shōsha no Spirit (勝者のエスプリ, Shōsha no Esupuri?, lit. The Spirit of Conquest in English and L'esprit conquérant in French), published by Japan Broadcast Publishing (a subsidiary of NHK) in September 1997, in which he highlights his managerial philosophy, ideals and values, as well as his thoughts on Japanese football and the game as a whole.[11][208]
- ^ The academic degree awarded to Wenger is ambiguous. Several publications, including The Independent and The Economist have commented that he completed a master's degree (maîtrise) in economics (sciences économiques).[12][13] Others, such as French magazine FF Sport U imply that Wenger was awarded a Licence.[14] Moreover, the Daily Mirror states that he holds an additional degree in electrical engineering, but no such information is given on his Arsenal profile or shared in publicised interviews.[15]
- ^ At the time of Wenger’s tenure in Japan, the result of a J-League match could not be a draw. In the event of scores being level at the end of 90 minutes, matches would be decided by extra time and penalties.[192]
- ^ a b c "2003 Queen's birthday honours announced". BBC News (BBC). 14 June 2003. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/2988090.stm. Retrieved 1 January 2010.
- ^ "Arsene has changed the game in England for good, says Taylor". Daily Mail. 5 April 2003. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-99667516.html. Retrieved 18 May 2012. (Subscription required)
- ^ Moore, Glenn (3 April 2004). "Why 'Le Professeur' and 'The Boss' are bound together by a will to win". http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/why-le-professeur-and-the-boss-are-bound-together-by-a-will-to-win-558674.html. Retrieved 6 June 2011.
- ^ James Goyder (22 May 2012). "The next couple of months could shape the future of Arsene Wenger’s Arsenal". blogs.independent.co.uk. http://blogs.independent.co.uk/2012/05/22/the-next-couple-of-months-could-shape-the-future-of-arsene-wengers-arsenal/. Retrieved 23 May 2012.
- ^ Mariadass, Tony (14 May 2006). "The French revolutionary". The Observer. http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2006/may/14/sport.comment. Retrieved 15 May 2012.
- ^ a b Hytner, David (25 September 2009). "I owe everything to growing up above a pub, says Arsène Wenger". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2009/sep/25/arsene-wenger-arsenal-pub. Retrieved 28 September 2009.
- ^ a b c Rees, Jasper (18 August 2003). "Inside the mind of Arsene Wenger (excerpt from Wenger: The Making of a Legend by Jasper Rees)". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2003/aug/18/sport.comment. Retrieved 5 May 2008.
- ^ Nevin, Charles (13 March 2010). "Arsene Wenger: 'Am I too intelligent to be a football manager? You can never be intelligent enough'". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/arsene-wenger-am-i-too-intelligent-to-be-a-football-manager-you-can-never-be-intelligent-enough-1919257.html. Retrieved 15 May 2012.
- ^ "Game for geeks". The Economist. 13 August 2009. http://www.economist.com/node/14209514. Retrieved 18 May 2012.
- ^ "Sport U Magazine" (PDF). FF Sport U (97): 4–5. April 2006. http://www.sport-u.com/cmsms/uploads/file/mag/revue_97.pdf. Retrieved 18 May 2012.
- ^ Hepburn, Ray (23 August 2009). "Mowbray would love to emulate Wenger but he's racing a Porsche in a Mini". Sunday Mirror. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-206414627.html. Retrieved 15 May 2012.
- ^ Mariadass, Tony (19 May 1999). "Just be there!". The Malay Mail. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-17706642.html. Retrieved 15 May 2012.
- ^ "Football: FROM MUTZIG TO HIGHBURY: A BRIEF HISTORY OF ARSENE WENGER". The Independent. 17 September 1996. http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-from-mutzig-to-highbury-a-brief-history-of-arsene-wenger-1363769.html. Retrieved 31 December 2010.
- ^ "Profile: Arsene Wenger". BBC News (BBC). 12 June 2003. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/a/arsenal/2984744.stm. Retrieved 24 February 2008.
- ^ Myles Palmer (31 Mar 2011). The Professor: Arsène Wenger. Random House. p. 12. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=92dibTyUbo0C&pg=PA12#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 19 May 2012.
- ^ "Youri Djorkaeff" (in French). L'Équipe. http://www.lequipe.fr/Football/FootballFicheJoueur4115.html. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
- ^ "Arsenal's European frustration". BBC Sport (BBC). 14 August 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/a/arsenal/6940683.stm. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
- ^ Fenoglio, Jérôme (29 April 1994). "FOOTBALL : le Milan AC bat Monaco (3–0) en Ligue des champions Impuissance monégasque" (in French). Le Monde. http://www.lemonde.fr/cgi-bin/ACHATS/acheter.cgi?offre=ARCHIVES&type_item=ART_ARCH_30J&objet_id=323042&xtmc=ac_milan_monaco&xtcr=39. Retrieved 5 May 2012. (Subscription required)
- ^ "Arsène Wenger n'entraîne plus l'AS Monaco" (in French). Le Monde. 18 September 1994. http://www.lemonde.fr/web/recherche_breve/1,13-0,37-339121,0.html. Retrieved 3 February 2012. (Subscription required)
- ^ Myles Palmer (31 Mar 2011). The Professor: Arsène Wenger. Random House. p. 17. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=92dibTyUbo0C&pg=PA17#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 19 May 2012.
- ^ Wallace, Sam (30 September 2006). "Ten years of Wenger: how he plotted the French revolution". The Independent. http://sport.independent.co.uk/football/premiership/article1772317.ece. Retrieved 7 August 2007.
- ^ "Manager Profile: Arsene Wenger". Premier League. http://www.premierleague.com/page/ManagerProfile. Retrieved 28 November 2009.
- ^ "Arsene Wenger". ESPNsoccernet. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/players/manager?id=5. Retrieved 26 December 2006.
- ^ Duerden, John (5 November 2010). "Stojkovic doing things the Wenger way". ESPNsoccernet. http://soccernet.espn.go.com/columns/story?id=839046&cc=5739. Retrieved 20 November 2010.
- ^ Clarke, Richard (9 October 2006). "Ten Years of Wenger: a week of celebration". Arsenal.com. http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/ten-years-of-wenger-a-week-of-celebration. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ Dart, Tom (7 October 2006). "Regrets? I've had more than a few, says title-chasing Wenger". The Times (London). http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,277-2392291,00.html. Retrieved 23 October 2006. (Subscription required)
- ^ Irwin, Mark (13 August 1996). "CRUYFF; TO BE THE BOSS!". The Mirror. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-61310963.html. Retrieved 26 April 2012. (Subscription required)
- ^ "Wenger's last orders". The Independent. 30 September 1996. http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/wengers-last-orders-1365652.html. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
- ^ Metcalf, Rupert (4 January 1997). "Wilkinson waits for job offer from FA". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/wilkinson-waits-for-job-offer-from-fa-1281657.html. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
- ^ "Press at a glance: Tuesday 7 December 1998". ANR. Archived from the original on 10 April 2000. http://web.archive.org/web/20000410053804/http://www.anr.uk.com/anr.news7dec.html. Retrieved 9 October 2006.
- ^ "Arsenal players hail Arsène Wenger as he becomes club's longest-serving manager". The Daily Telegraph. 1 October 2009. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/arsenal/6248453/Arsenal-players-hail-Arsene-Wenger-as-he-becomes-clubs-longest-serving-manager.html. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
- ^ "Wenger's most astute transfer deals". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/wengers-most-astute-transfer-deals-1764332.html?action=Gallery&ino=5. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
- ^ a b Burton, Mark (15 August 1996). "Arsenal manage double signing". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/arsenal-manage-double-signing-1309843.html. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ Whyte, Derrick (26 September 1996). "Arsenal's dreams are ended by Juskowiak". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/arsenals-dreams-are-ended-by-juskowiak-1365161.html. Retrieved 26 January 2012.
- ^ Culley, Jon (13 October 1996). "Wenger begins on Wright lines". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/wenger-begins-on-wright-lines-1358252.html. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ a b Shaw, Phil (12 May 1997). "Football: Three Gunner salute for Baseball Ground". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-three-gunner-salute-for-baseball-ground-1261073.html. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ Turnbull, Simon (12 May 1997). "Football: Newcastle toast late rewards". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-newcastle-toast-late-rewards-1261071.html. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ Ridley, Ian (17 May 1998). "Football: Cup Final: The Double cream team". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-cup-final--the-double-cream-team-1158947.html. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ Jones, Ken (15 December 1997). "Football: Blackburn hand Arsenal a lesson in commitment and care". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-blackburn-hand-arsenal-a-lesson-in-commitment-and-care-1288879.html. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ Shaw, Phil (1 April 1998). "Football: Arsenal close the gap on United". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-arsenal-close-the-gap-on-united-1153815.html. Retrieved 15 May 2012.
- ^ "Wenger's warning on catalyst Bergkamp". Birmingham Mail. 2 May 1998. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-60783724.html. Retrieved 23 May 2012. (Subscription required)
- ^ "300,000 turn out to salute Arsenal's foreign legion". The Independent. 18 May 1998. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/300000-turn-out-to-salute-arsenals-foreign-legion-1159031.html. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
- ^ Moore, Glenn (17 May 1999). "Football: Cole brings United fifth title". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-cole-brings-united-fifth-title-1094053.html. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ "Sport: Football Giggs magic sinks Gunners". BBC Sport (BBC). 14 April 1999. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/sport/football/fa_cup/319696.stm. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ "Penalty heartbreak for Arsenal". BBC News (BBC). 17 May 2000. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/sport/football/752751.stm. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ "Owen shatters Arsenal in Cup final". BBC Sport (BBC). 12 May 2001. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/fa_cup/1324699.stm. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ Smith, Paul (25 March 2001). "Football: WENGER WANTS TO BOSS BARCA; EXCLUSIVE: He'll ask Gunners today to release him.(Sport)". Sunday Mirror. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-72243022.html. Retrieved 26 April 2012. (Subscription required)
- ^ "Wenger set to renew contract". BBC Sport (BBC). 6 July 2001. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/a/arsenal/1426198.stm. Retrieved 26 January 2012.
- ^ "Arsenal clinch Campbell signing". BBC Sport (BBC). 3 July 2001. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/a/arsenal/1420259.stm. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ "Gio could be key to Arsenal glory". BBC Sport (BBC). 13 August 2001. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/a/arsenal/1484947.stm. Retrieved 26 January 2011.
- ^ Bradfield, Stephen (12 September 1998). "Chelsea just too late as Ljungberg joins Arsenal". The Guardian: p. 30. http://archive.guardian.co.uk/Default/Scripting/ArticleWin.asp?From=Search&Key=GUA/1998/09/12/30/Ar03009.xml&CollName=GUA_1991_2000&DOCID=991508&PageLabelPrint=30&Skin=DigitalArchive&enter=true&AW=1293942281187&AppName=2&sPublication=GUA&sScopeID=All&sSorting=Score,desc&sQuery=fredrik%20ljungberg%20joins%20arsenal&rEntityType=&sSearchInAll=false&ViewMode=HTML. Retrieved 2 January 2011. (Subscription required)
- ^ "Wenger plays it cool for big kick-off". Evening Standard. 17 August 2001. http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/sport/wenger-plays-it-cool-for-big-kickoff-6349621.html. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
- ^ a b c "Arsenal clinch Double". BBC Sport (BBC). 8 May 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/1964495.stm. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ "Arsenal lift FA Cup". BBC Sport (BBC). 4 May 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/fa_cup/1959840.stm. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
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- ^ "Arsenal 3–1 Sunderland". BBC Sport (BBC). 6 October 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/2286191.stm. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ Wenger's actual quote was: "It's not impossible. I know it will be difficult for us to go through the season unbeaten. But if we keep the right attitude it's possible we can do it." From: Lipton, Martin (21 September 2002). "We Won't Lose One Match". The Mirror: pp. 78–79.
- ^ "Bolton dent Arsenal hopes". BBC Sport (BBC). 26 April 2003. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/2960621.stm. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ "Viduka hands title to Man Utd". BBC Sport (BBC). 4 May 2003. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/2968015.stm. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
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- ^ "Unbeaten during a League season". RSSSF. http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/unbeaten.html#season. Retrieved 23 January 2010.
- ^ Moore, Glenn (17 May 2004). "Wenger's invincibles need European success". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/wengers-invincibles-need-european-success-563652.html. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
- ^ "Man Utd 2–0 Arsenal". BBC Sport (BBC). 24 October 2004. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/3727552.stm. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ "Newcastle 1–1 Chelsea". BBC Sport (BBC). 15 May 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/4525111.stm. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
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- ^ Adderley, Nigel (15 August 2005). "Wenger feels new stadium is vital". BBC Sport (BBC). http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/a/arsenal/4154480.stm. Retrieved 15 May 2012.
- ^ McCarra, Kevin (26 February 2007). "Chelsea snatch the cup that boils over". The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2007/feb/26/match.arsenal. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
- ^ "Doctor Wenger's diagnosis". The Observer. 30 September 2007. http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2007/sep/30/newsstory.sport9. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
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- ^ Taylor, Daniel (4 February 2008). "Adebayor capitalises on freedom of expression". The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2008/feb/04/match.arsenal. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
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- ^ Hytner, David (16 May 2009). "Negative Arsenal fans make me feel like a murderer, says Arsène Wenger". The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2009/may/16/arsene-wenger-arsenal-premier-league. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
- ^ "Arsène Wenger hails Barcelona's Lionel Messi after four-goal display". Press Association (guardian.co.uk). 7 April 2010. http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2010/apr/07/barcelona-arsenal-lionel-messi. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
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- ^ Ronay, Barney (13 May 2012). "Arsenal secure Champions League place with victory at West Brom". The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2012/may/13/west-bromwich-albion-arsenal-premier-league. Retrieved 15 May 2012.
- ^ Whyatt, Chris (9 April 2008). "Wenger sticks to his guns". BBC Sport. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/a/arsenal/7339174.stm. Retrieved 1 January 2010.
- ^ Watt, Tom (17 April 2008). "Arsene Wenger has made some mistakes but he's still the best Arsenal have ever had". Daily Mail (London). http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/sport/football.html?in_article_id=560305&in_page_id=1779. Retrieved 22 April 2008.
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- ^ Syed, Matthew (10 April 2008). "Why Arsene Wenger should be proud rather than cowed". The Times (London). http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/football/premier_league/arsenal/article3717226.ece. Retrieved 22 April 2008. "Arsène Wenger could have instructed his team to play with the dispiriting pragmatism so beloved of his rival managers, but the mercurial Frenchman was not prepared to betray his nobler ideals, even when it might have improved his club’s chances of success." (Subscription required)
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- Bibliography
- Rivoire, Xavier (2007). Arsène Wenger: The Biography. London: Aurum Press Ltd. ISBN 1-84513-276-9.
- Palmer, Myles (2008). The Professor: Arsène Wenger. London: Virgin Books. ISBN 0-7535-1097-9.
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Arsène Wenger – Navigation boxes and awards
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| Persondata |
| Name |
Wenger, Arsène |
| Alternative names |
Wenger, Arsène |
| Short description |
Professional football manager |
| Date of birth |
1949-10-22 |
| Place of birth |
Strasbourg, France |
| Date of death |
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| Place of death |
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