Longman was a publishing company founded in London, England in 1724.^{[citation needed]} It is now an imprint of Pearson Education.

History[link]

Beginnings[link]

The Longman company was founded by Thomas Longman (1699 – 18 June 1755), the son of Ezekiel Longman (died 1708), a gentleman of Bristol. Thomas was apprenticed in 1716 to John Osborn, a London bookseller, and at the expiration of his apprenticeship married Osborn's daughter. In August 1724, he purchased the stock and household goods of William Taylor, the first publisher of Robinson Crusoe, for £2282 9s 6d. Taylor’s two shops in Paternoster Row, London, were known respectively as the Black Swan and the Ship, and became the publishing house premises.

Longman entered into partnership with his father-in-law, Osborn, who held one-sixth of the shares in Ephraim Chambers's Cyclopaedia (1728). Longman himself was one of the six booksellers who undertook the responsibility of Samuel Johnson's Dictionary (1746–1755).

Second and third generations[link]

In 1754, Longman took into partnership his nephew, Thomas Longman (1730–1797), and the title of the firm became T. and T. Longman. Upon the death of his uncle in 1755, Longman became sole proprietor. He greatly extended the colonial trade of the firm. In 1794 he took Owen Rees as a partner; in the same year, Thomas Brown (c. 1777–1869) entered the house as an apprentice.

Longman had three sons. Of these, Thomas Norton Longman (1771–1842) succeeded to the business. In 1804 two more partners were admitted, and the former apprentice Brown became a partner in 1811; in 1824 the title of the firm was changed to Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown & Green.

In 1799 Longman purchased the copyright of Lindley Murray's English Grammar, which had an annual sale of about 50,000 copies. In the following year Richmal Mangnall's Historical and Miscellaneous Questions for the Use of Young People was purchased, and went through 84 editions by 1857.^[1] About 1800 he also purchased the copyright of Southey's Joan of Arc and Wordsworth's Lyrical Ballads, from Joseph Cottle of Bristol. He published the works of Wordsworth, Coleridge, Southey and Scott, and acted as London agent for the Edinburgh Review, which was started in 1802.

In 1814 arrangements were made with Thomas Moore for the publication of Laila Rookh, for which he was paid £3000; and when Archibald Constable failed in 1826, Longmans became the proprietors of the Edinburgh Review. They issued in 1829 Lardner’s Cabinet Encyclopaedia, and in 1832 McCulloch's Commercial Dictionary.

Fourth and fifth generations[link]

Thomas Norton Longman died on August 29, 1842, leaving his two sons, Thomas (1804–1879) and William (1813–1877), in control of the business in Paternoster Row. Their first success was the publication of Macaulay's Lays of Ancient Rome, which was followed in 1841 by the issue of the first two volumes of his History of England, which after a few years had a sale of 40,000 copies.

The two brothers were well known for their literary talent. Thomas Longman edited a beautifully illustrated edition of the New Testament, and William Longman was the author of several important books, among them a History of the Three Cathedrals dedicated to St Paul (1869) and a work on the History of the Life and Times of Edward III (1873). In 1863 the firm took over the business of Mr JW Parker, and with it Fraser's Magazine, and the publication of the works of John Stuart Mill and JA Froude; while in 1890 they incorporated with their own all the publications of the old firm of Rivington, established in 1711. The family control of the firm (later Longmans, Green & Co.) was continued by Thomas Norton Longman, son of Thomas Longman.

1900 onwards[link]

In December 1940, Longman's Paternoster Row offices were destroyed in The Blitz, along with most of the company's stock. The company survived this crisis, however, and became a public company in 1948. Longman was acquired by the media conglomerate Pearson in 1968. In 1972, Mark Longman, last of the Longman family to run the company, died.

Longman continues to exist as an imprint of Pearson Education, under the name Pearson Longman. Pearson Longman specializes in English, including English as a second or foreign language, history, economics, philosophy, political science, and religion.

See also[link]

• Badminton Library
• National Translation Mission (NTM)

References[link]

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 

External links[link]

• Longman USA
• Longman UK
• Longman Online Dictionary

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Phillip Longman (born April 21, 1956, Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany) is an American demographer. Presently he is a Schwartz Senior Fellow at the New America Foundation, and he formerly worked as a senior writer and deputy assistant managing editor at U.S. News & World Report.

Personal Life and Education[link]

The son of Kenneth and Mary Longman, who worked in Baden-Württemberg as a result of the postwar occupation of that state (and Bavaria) by the US military, Phillip Longman spent most of his childhood in Princeton, New Jersey. He studied at Oberlin College and later obtained a Knight-Baghot fellowship at Columbia University.

Phillip Longman was originally married to Robin Longman, but after she died he married Sandy Garbrecht. They have one son, Sam, and reside in Washington DC.

Career[link]

Focusing his attention on how demographic and social change interact and affect government finance, the environment, foreign policy, and the development of society generally, Longman published his first book, Born to Pay: The New Politics of Aging in America in 1987. In the following decade wrote many articles about the impact of aging populations on society in the future. During this period, his name became much more widely known in the academic community: his articles became published by such journals as The Atlantic Monthly, Financial Times, Harvard Business Review, Foreign Affairs and The New Republic.

In 1997 Longman published his second book The Return of Thrift: How the Collapse of the Middle Class Welfare State will Reawaken Values in America, which argued that people today are spending in an unsustainable manner with the accelerating decline in fertility rates threatening the financial collapse of the welfare state throughout the world. By 2000 he had linked with the New America Foundation and began work on his most widely read work, The Empty Cradle in March 2004. This book expressed his strongly held opinion that sub-replacement fertility and resultant population decline is likely to have catastrophic economic consequences for those nations suffering from it and is also likely to reduce societies' ability to adjust to newly emerging problems because of unwillingness to innovate or take risks. It also examines the present effect of the rapid fall in birth rates around the globe.

His recent research into the history of demographic decline in ancient Greece and Rome led to an article titled The Return of Patriarchy in the March, 2006 issue of Foreign Policy, and in other journals in an edited form under the title The Liberal Baby Bust. On January 1, 2007, his fourth full-length book was published by PoliPointPress. Titled Best Care Anywhere: Why VA Healthcare is Better Than Yours, it reflects on Longman's loss of his first wife to cancer and aims to show that in fact private health insurance is not superior to public health care as is often presumed.

Awards[link]

Phillip Longman has won numerous awards for his business and financial writing, including UCLA's Gerald Loeb Award, and the top prize for investigative journalism from Investigative Reporters and Editors.

Books[link]

• Born to Pay: The New Politics of Aging in America (1987)
• The Return of Thrift: How the Collapse of the Middle Class Welfare State will Reawaken Values in America (1997)
• The Empty Cradle: How Falling Birthrates Threaten World Prosperity and What To Do About It (2004)
• Best Care Anywhere: Why VA Healthcare is Better Than Yours (2007)

Links[link]

Phillip Longman's page at the New American Foundation

Richard Longman was a British racing driver and renowned motorsport preparation expert. He was twice champion of the British Touring Car Championship (then known as the British Saloon Car Championship) in 1978 and 1979 driving a Mini 1275 GT.^[1] The following year he switched to a class C Ford Fiesta. In 1984 he was class C champion in his Ford Escort Mk3 RS1600i.

He also has a house in the Bahamas as well as property in the New Forest, Hampshire.

References[link]

This biographical article related to English motor racing is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

Genesis Israeli Rose Schmitz Briggs Be (born December 5) is an American recording artist, songwriter, executive producer, social entrepreneur and CEO of independent record company Open Sky Artworks. She is a scholar of the prestigious NYU Catherine B. Reynolds Program for Social Entrepreneurship . She is a NYU political science major as well as a graduate from the exclusive Clive Davis Institute of Recorded Music at the Tisch School of the Arts. She recently accepted a fellowship from The Hip-Hop Education Center at NYU. In 2011, Be launched a multi-media initiative called "Strive Till I Rise" geared toward youth empowerment. By speaking at high schools, colleges and after school programs, Be educates young adults about responsible consumerism, voting power and how to utilize their individual influence to positively impact their community. Strive Till I Rise uses online tools to release information, music, videos and events relating to Strive Till I Rise's message of youth empowerment.

Early Life / Family Legacy[link]

Genesis Be

Genesis Be is the daughter of published author and spiritual advisor, Ishmael Be and registered nurse Lisa Schmitz Briggs. She is of Native American, African American, Hungarian, French and German descent. Raised in Biloxi, MS, Be graduated from Biloxi High School right before Hurricane Katrina devastated the Gulf Coast Region. Genesis Be witnessed first hand the destruction of the Storm and her traumatic experiences are portrayed in her 2nd studio album “18 In America”.

Genesis Be is also the grand daughter of Civil Rights Activist Rev. Clyde Briggs and Mary Geraldine Briggs of Roxie, Mississippi. Phillip and Violet Schmitz are Be's grandparents on her mother's side. Genesis accredits her social activist spirit to the legacy of her grandparents and her father. Rev. Clyde Briggs educated and encouraged black citizens to vote in Franklin County during the 1960s. After being accused of smuggling guns into Franklin County to arm black residents against the Ku Klux Klan, Rev. Briggs was murdered at the young age of 42.

Recent Activity[link]

Genesis Be recently founded the Strive Till I Rise Campaign, dedicated to empowering the youth to use their individual influence to improve their communities. She released her fourth studio album, "Mississippi To Manhattan", on April 19, 2011. Genesis graduated from NYU on May 18, 2011. In 2011, the Kairos Society offered Genesis Be a fellowship, she accepted. Be is also the recipient of a Nia Award: Ronald McNair/Arthur Schomburg For Academic Excellence. Most recently, Genesis accepted a 2011 NYU President's Service Award from John Sexton for her community service in the Gulf Coast Region and for her volunteer work in NYC public schools.

Discography[link]

Singles

• 2005: “More Than A Warrior”
• 2007: “I Don’t Discriminate”
• 2008: “Lovers Or Friends”
• 2009: “Precious Beyond Measure”
• 2010: “Laughin At Ya Lames”
• 2011: "Like A Movie"
• 2011: "At A Standstill"

Albums

• 2005: 17 In America
• 2006: 18 In America
• 2007: 19 In America
• 2011: Mississippi To Manhattan

References[link]

Jackson Free Press: Rev. Clyde Briggs March 31, 2007

The Past Is Never Dead: Briggs, Clyde, pg 67, 73, 118,206

Amazon: Espylacopa, John Ellis Ishmael Briggs Be

Zora & Alice Magazine August 6, 2010

Maximus Magazine Fall 2009

Reynolds Social Entrepreneurship

Nia Awards: Genesis Be. Jeff Rabhan

Washington Square News May 11, 2009

Open Sky Artworks Website

Strive Till I Rise Website

President's Service Award Winners

External links[link]

• Mississippi To Manhattan
• 19 In America
• 18 In America
• Official Website
• Official Twitter Page
• Official Myspace Page
• Official Facebook Page

Tremper Longman, III is an Old Testament theologian, professor and author of several books, including 2009 ECPA Christian Book Award winner Dictionary of the Old Testament: Wisdom, Poetry & Writings.^[1]

Biography[link]

He serves as a Robert H. Gundry Professor of Biblical Studies at Westmont College in Santa Barbara, California. He earned his B.A. from Ohio Wesleyan University, his M.Div. from Westminster Theological Seminary, and his M.Phil. and Ph.D. from Yale University.

Prior to joining Westmont in 1998, Longman taught for eighteen years at Westminster in Philadelphia. He has also served as visiting professor of Old Testament at Mars Hill Graduate School, an adjunct professor at Fuller Theological Seminary, and a guest lecturer at Regent College and the Canadian Theological Seminary.^[2]

Longman has contributed to a number of commentaries, including the New International Commentary on the Old Testament (The Song of Solomon and Ecclesiastes), NIV Application Commentary (Daniel), New International Biblical Commentary (Jeremiah and Lamentations), and the Baker Old Testament Wisdom series (Proverbs).^[3] In addition, he was the senior translator for the wisdom books on the central committee that produced and now monitors the New Living Translation.^[4]

Personal life[link]

He is married to Alice Longman and has three sons.^[5]

Selected publications[link]

• How to read the Psalms (1988) ISBN 0-87784-941-2
• Fictional Akkadian autobiography: a generic and comparative study (1991) ISBN 0-931464-41-2
• The complete literary guide to the Bible - with Leland Ryken (1993) ISBN 0-310-23078-0
• An introduction to the Old Testament - with Raymond B. Dillard (1994) ISBN 0-310-43250-2
• God is a Warrior - with Daniel Reid (1995) ISBN 0-310-49461-3
• The book of Ecclesiastes (1998) ISBN 0-8028-2366-1
• Dictionary of biblical imagery - with Leland Ryken (1998) ISBN 0-8308-1451-5
• A biblical history of Israel - with Iain William Provan and V. Philips Long (2003) ISBN 0-664-22090-8

References[link]