• 1940s in film
• 1950s in film
• 1960s in film
• Academy Award
• Adrienne Fazan
• Alan Jay Lerner
• All About Eve
• AllRovi
• André Previn
• Anglicisation
• Anita Loos
• Any Number Can Play
• Arthur Freed
• Audrey Hepburn
• Auntie Mame (film)
• Babes in Arms (film)
• Babes on Broadway
• Ben-Hur (1959 film)
• Betty Wand
• Bosley Crowther
• Brigadoon
• Brigadoon (film)
• Broadway theatre
• Cabaret
• Cabin in the Sky
• California
• Camelot (film)
• Camelot (musical)
• Cameo appearance
• Carmen Jones (film)
• Casablanca (film)
• Cecil Beaton
• Charles Walters
• Colette
• Courtesan
• Crisis (1950 film)
• Designing Woman
• Dirk Bogarde
• DuBarry Was a Lady
• E. Preston Ames
• Easter Parade (film)
• Eliza Doolittle
• Encino, California
• Eva Gabor
• F. Keogh Gleason
• Frederick Loewe
• Gigi
• Gigi (1958 film)
• Gigi (musical)
• Gilbert Miller
• Going My Way
• Golden Globe Award
• Good News (films)
• Goodbye Charlie
• Hamlet (1948 film)
• Hays Code
• Henry Grace
• Hermione Gingold
• I Dood It
• Isabel Jeans
• J. Arthur Rank
• Jacques Bergerac
• Joseph Ruttenberg
• Kismet (1955 film)
• Kurt Weill
• Lerner and Loewe
• Les Girls
• Leslie Caron
• Library of Congress
• Libretto
• Little Nellie Kelly
• London
• Louis Jourdan
• Love Life (musical)
• Lust for Life (film)
• Marty (film)
• Maurice Chevalier
• Maxim's Paris
• Meet Me in St. Louis
• Meet the People
• Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
• Mrs. Miniver (film)
• Musical film
• Musical theatre
• My Fair Lady
• My Fair Lady (film)
• New York City
• Novella
• On the Town (film)
• On the Waterfront
• Pagan Love Song
• Panama Hattie
• Paris
• Philadelphia
• Rotten Tomatoes
• Roué
• Royal Wedding
• Singin' in the Rain
• Soliloquy
• Some Came Running
• Some Like It Hot
• Song Without End
• Soundstage
• The Apartment
• The Band Wagon
• The Clock (film)
• The Cobweb (film)
• The Harvey Girls
• The New York Times
• The Pirate
• The Sandpiper
• The Subterraneans
• Time Out (company)
• Titanic (1997 film)
• TV Guide
• Ummagumma
• Variety (magazine)
• Vincente Minnelli
• What's Up? (musical)
• William A. Horning
• 
  

• 
  Broadway theatre
  Broadway theatre, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 40 professional theatres with 500 or more seats located in the Theatre District centered along Broadway, and in Lincoln Center, in Manhattan in New York City. Along with London's West End theatre, Broadway theatre is widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world.
  The Broadway theatre district is a popular tourist attraction in New York. According to The Broadway League, Broadway shows sold approximately $1.081 billion worth of tickets in calendar year 2011, compared with $1.037 billion for 2010. Attendance in 2011 was 12.13 million.
  New York did not have a significant theatre presence until about 1750, when actor-managers Walter Murray and Thomas Kean established a resident theatre company at the Theatre on Nassau Street, which held about 280 people. They presented Shakespeare plays and ballad operas such as The Beggar's Opera. In 1752, William Hallam sent a company of twelve actors from Britain to the colonies with his brother Lewis as their manager. They established a theatre in Williamsburg, Virginia and opened with The Merchant of Venice and The Anatomist. The company moved to New York in the summer of 1753, performing ballad operas and ballad-farces like Damon and Phillida. The Revolutionary War suspended theatre in New York, but thereafter theatre resumed in 1798, the year the 2,000-seat Park Theatre was built on Chatham Street (now called Park Row). The Bowery Theatre opened in 1826, followed by others. Blackface minstrel shows, a distinctly American form of entertainment, became popular in the 1830s, and especially so with the arrival of the Virginia Minstrels in the 1840s.
  
  wn.com/Broadway_theatre
• 
  California
  California (pronounced ⁱ/kælɨˈfɔrnjə/) is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third most extensive (after Alaska and Texas). It is home to the nation's second- and sixth-largest census statistical areas (Los Angeles Metropolitan Area and San Francisco Bay Area), and eight of the nation's fifty most populated cities (Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, Fresno, Sacramento, Long Beach and Oakland). The capital city is Sacramento.
  California's diverse geography ranges from the Pacific Coast in the west, to the Sierra Nevada mountains in the east – from the Redwood–Douglas-fir forests of the northwest, to the Mojave Desert areas in the southeast. The center of the state is dominated by Central Valley, a major agricultural area. California contains both the highest and lowest points in the contiguous United States (Mount Whitney and Death Valley), and has the third-longest coastline of all states (after Alaska and Florida). Earthquakes are a common occurrence due to the state's location along the Pacific Ring of Fire: about 37,000 are recorded annually.
  
  wn.com/California
• 
  Encino, California
  Encino (Spanish for evergreen or holm oak) is a hilly district of the city of Los Angeles, California, United States. Specifically, it is located in the central portion of the southern San Fernando Valley and on the north slope of the Santa Monica Mountains. It derives its name from the Rancho Los Encinos (Ranch of the Evergreens), a parcel of land given to three Mission Indians by the Mexican government following its secularization of the California missions beginning in 1834. Rancho Encino was established in 1845.
  The portion of the Los Angeles River that runs through the Encino area is one of only two unpaved areas necessitated by the high water table.^{[clarification needed]} The original aquifer that fed the city of Los Angeles is the one located below Encino.
  Encino is bordered by Tarzana on the west, the Sepulveda Dam Recreation Area on the north, Sherman Oaks on the east, and the Encino Reservoir of the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power on the south. The district's boundaries are roughly Mulholland Drive on the south, Lindley Avenue on the west, Victory Boulevard on the north, and the San Diego Freeway on the east. Major thoroughfares include Ventura, Magnolia and Burbank Boulevards, as well as White Oak Avenue, Balboa Boulevard, Haskell Avenue and Hayvenhurst Avenue.
  
  wn.com/Encino,_California
• 
  Library of Congress
  The Library of Congress is the research library of the United States Congress, de facto national library of the United States of America, and the oldest federal cultural institution in the United States. Located in four buildings in Washington, D.C., as well as the Packard Campus in Culpeper, Virginia, it is the largest library in the world by shelf space and number of books. The head of the Library is the Librarian of Congress, currently James H. Billington.
  The Library of Congress was instituted for Congress in 1800, and was housed in the United States Capitol for most of the 19th century. After much of the original collection had been destroyed during the War of 1812, Thomas Jefferson sold 6,487 books, his entire personal collection, to the library in 1815. After a period of decline during the mid-19th century the Library of Congress began to grow rapidly in both size and importance after the American Civil War, culminating in the construction of a separate library building and the transference of all copyright deposit holdings to the Library. During the rapid expansion of the 20th century the Library of Congress assumed a preeminent public role, becoming a "library of last resort" and expanding its mission for the benefit of scholars and the American people.
  
  wn.com/Library_of_Congress
• 
  London
  London ⁱ/ˈlʌndən/ is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who named it Londinium. London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its square-mile mediaeval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.
  London is a leading global city, with strengths in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism and transport all contributing to its prominence. It is the world's leading financial centre alongside New York City and has the fifth-largest city GDP in the world (and the largest in Europe). London has been described as a world cultural capital. It was the world's most visited city during 2011 and London Heathrow is the world's busiest airport by number of international passengers. London's 43 universities form the largest concentration of higher education in Europe. In 2012 London will become the first city to host the modern Summer Olympic Games three times.
  
  wn.com/London
• 
  Maxim's Paris
  Maxim's is the name of a restaurant in Paris, France, located at No. 3 of the rue Royale. It is known for its art nouveau interior decor.
  Maxim's was founded as a bistro in 1893 by Maxime Gaillard, formerly a waiter. It became one of the most popular and fashionable restaurants in Paris under its next owner, Eugene Cornuché. Cornuché gave the dining room its Art Nouveau decor and made sure that it was always filled with beautiful women. Cornuché was accustomed to say : “An empty room… Never ! I always have a beauty sitting by the window, in view from the sidewalk.”
  In 1913, Jean Cocteau said of Maxim's: “It was an accumulation of velvet, lace, ribbons, diamonds and what all else I couldn’t describe. To undress one of these women is like an outing that calls for three weeks' advance notice, it’s like moving house."
  In 1932, Octave Vaudable, owner of the restaurant Noel Peters, bought Maxim's. He started selecting his clients, favouring the regulars, preferably famous or rich, beginning a new era of prestigious catering under the famous Vaudable family which lasted more than half a century. Famous guests of the 1930s included King Edward VIII, Marcel Proust and Jean Cocteau, a close friend and neighbor of the Vaudables. The playwright Georges Feydeau wrote a popular comedy called La dame de chez Maxim ("The Lady from Maxim's").
  
  wn.com/Maxim's_Paris
• 
  Philadelphia
  Philadelphia ( /ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə/) is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the county seat of Philadelphia County, with which it is coterminous. The city is located in the Northeastern United States along the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers. It is the fifth-most-populous city in the United States, with a population of 1,526,006 as of the 2010 U.S. Census. Philadelphia is also the commercial, cultural, and educational center of the Delaware Valley, home to 6 million people and the country's fifth-largest metropolitan area. The Philadelphia metropolitan division consists of five counties in Pennsylvania and has a population of 4,008,994. Popular nicknames for Philadelphia are Philly and The City of Brotherly Love, the latter of which comes from the literal meaning of the city's name in Greek (Greek: Φιλαδέλφεια ([pʰilaˈdelpʰeːa], Modern Greek: [filaˈðelfia]) "brotherly love", compounded from philos (φίλος) "loving", and adelphos (ἀδελφός) "brother").
  
  wn.com/Philadelphia

• Adrienne Fazan
  Adrienne Fazan (b. 9 May 1906, Los Angeles, California - d. 23 August 1986, Los Angeles, California) was an American film editor.
  She first started cutting films in 1933. She worked on many MGM films, including The Tell-Tale Heart (1941), Anchors Aweigh (1945), and Kismet (1955). She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Film Editing for An American in Paris in 1951, and received the award for Gigi in 1958. Both of these films were directed by Vincente Minnelli, with whom Fazan collaborated on eleven films.
  Fazan retired in 1970.
  
  
  
  wn.com/Adrienne_Fazan
• Alan Jay Lerner
  Alan Jay Lerner (August 31, 1918 – June 14, 1986) was an American lyricist and librettist. In collaboration with Frederick Loewe, he created some of the world's most popular and enduring works of musical theatre for both the stage and on film. He won three Tony Awards and three Academy Awards, among other honors.
  Born in New York City, he was the son of Edith Adelson Lerner and Joseph Jay Lerner, whose brother, Samuel Alexander Lerner, was founder and owner of the Lerner Stores, a chain of dress shops. One of Lerner's cousins was the radio comedian/television game show panelist Henry Morgan. Alan Jay Lerner was educated at Bedales School in England, The Choate School (now Choate Rosemary Hall) in Wallingford, Connecticut, (where he wrote "The Choate Marching Song") and Harvard. He attended both Camp Androscoggin and Camp Greylock. At both Choate and Harvard, Lerner was a classmate of John F. Kennedy; at Choate they had worked together on the yearbook staff. Like Cole Porter at Yale and Richard Rodgers at Columbia, his career in musical theater began with his collegiate contributions, in Lerner's case to the annual Harvard Hasty Pudding musicals. During the summers of 1936 and 1937, Lerner studied at Juilliard. While attending Harvard, he lost his sight in his left eye due to an accident in the boxing ring. In 1957, Lerner and Leonard Bernstein, another of Lerner's college classmates, collaborated on "Lonely Men of Harvard," a tongue-in-cheek salute to their alma mater.
  
  wn.com/Alan_Jay_Lerner
• André Previn
  André George Previn, KBE (born Andreas Ludwig Priwin; April 6, 1929) is a German-American pianist, conductor, and composer. He is considered one of the most versatile musicians in the world and is the winner of four Academy Awards for his film work and ten Grammy Awards for his recordings.
  Previn was born in Berlin, Germany, the son of Charlotte (née Epstein) and Jack Previn, who was a lawyer, judge, and music teacher. He is said to be "a distant relative of" the composer Gustav Mahler. However, In a pre-concert public interview at the Lincoln Center, in May 2012, Previn laughed at the suggestion that he is related to Mahler. The year of his birth is uncertain. Whilst most published reports give 1929, Previn himself has stated that 1930 is his birth year. This situation is a consequence of his the family losing Previn's birth certificate when they left Germany in 1938.^{[citation needed]} His elder brother was director Steve Previn.^{[citation needed]} The Previn family, which was Jewish,^{[citation needed]} emigrated to the United States in 1939 to escape the Nazi regime in Germany.^{[citation needed]}
  
  wn.com/André_Previn
• Anita Loos
  Anita Loos (April 26, 1888 – August 18, 1981) was an American screenwriter, playwright and author, best known for her blockbuster comic novel, Gentlemen Prefer Blondes.
  Anita Loos was born Corinne Anita Loos in Sisson, California (today Mount Shasta) to Richard Beers Loos and Minnie Ellen Smith. Loos had two siblings: Gladys, and Clifford (Harry Clifford), physician and co-founder of the Ross-Loos Medical Group. On pronouncing her name, Loos is reported to have said, "The family has always used the correct French pronunciation which is lohse. However, I myself pronounce my name as if it were spelled luce, since most people pronounce it that way and it was too much trouble to correct them." Loos' father, R. Beers Loos, founded a tabloid for which her mother, Minerva "Minnie" Smith did most of the work of a newspaper publisher. In 1892, when Loos was four years old, the family moved to San Francisco, where Beers Loos bought the newspaper The Dramatic Event, a veiled version of the UK's Police Gazette, with money Minerva borrowed from her father.
  
  wn.com/Anita_Loos
• Arthur Freed
  Arthur Freed (September 9, 1894 – April 12, 1973) was born Arthur Grossman in Charleston, South Carolina. He was a JewishAmerican lyricist and a Hollywood film producer.
  Freed began his career as a song-plugger and pianist in Chicago. After meeting Minnie Marx, he sang as part of the act of her sons, the Marx Brothers, on the vaudeville circuit, and also wrote material for the brothers. He soon began to write songs, and was eventually hired by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. For years, he wrote lyrics for numerous films, many set to music by Nacio Herb Brown.
  In 1939, after working (uncredited) in the role of associate producer on The Wizard of Oz, he was promoted to being the head of his own unit within MGM, and helped elevate the studio to the leading creator of film musicals. His first solo credit as producer was the film version of Rodgers and Hart's smash Broadway musical Babes in Arms (also 1939), released only a few months after The Wizard of Oz. It starred Mickey Rooney and Judy Garland, and it was so successful that it ushered in a long series of "let's put on a show" "backyard" musicals, all starring Rooney and Garland.
  
  wn.com/Arthur_Freed
• 
  Audrey Hepburn
  Audrey Hepburn (born Audrey Kathleen Ruston; 4 May 1929 – 20 January 1993) was a British actress and humanitarian. Although modest about her acting ability, Hepburn remains one of the world's most famous actresses of all time who was ranked as the third greatest female screen legend in the history of American cinema. Remembered as both a film and fashion icon of the twentieth century, Hepburn redefined glamour with "elfin" features and a gamine waif-like figure that inspired designs by Givenchy and earned her place in the International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame.
  Born in Ixelles, a district of Brussels, Hepburn spent her childhood between Belgium, England and the Netherlands, including German-occupied Arnhem during the Second World War, where she studied ballet with Sonia Gaskell in Amsterdam before moving to London in 1948 to continue ballet training with Marie Rambert and perform as a chorus girl in West End musical theatre productions.
  After appearing in several British films and starring in the 1951 Broadway play Gigi, Hepburn gained instant Hollywood stardom for playing the Academy Award-winning lead role in Roman Holiday (1953). Later performing in Sabrina (1954), The Nun's Story (1959), Breakfast at Tiffany's (1961), Charade (1963), My Fair Lady (1964) and Wait Until Dark (1967), Hepburn became one of the great screen actresses of Hollywood's Golden Age who received Academy Award, Golden Globe and BAFTA nominations and accrued a Tony Award for her theatrical performance in the 1954 Broadway play Ondine. Hepburn remains one of few people who have won Academy, Emmy, Grammy, and Tony Awards.
  
  wn.com/Audrey_Hepburn
• Betty Wand
  Betty Wand is an American singer and author, best known as the singing voice dubbed in for various actresses in musical films, including Leslie Caron in Gigi and some of Rita Moreno's part in West Side Story. In 1990, she wrote Secrets for Women in Their Prime, an advice book for older women on fashion, nutrition, and travel.
  Wand began her career in the 1940s during the Big Band era, singing with the orchestras of Xavier Cugat, Horace Heidt, and Ray Conniff.
  She has two sons.
  
  wn.com/Betty_Wand
• 
  Cecil Beaton
  Sir Cecil Walter Hardy Beaton, CBE (14 January 1904 – 18 January 1980) was an English fashion and portrait photographer, diarist, painter, interior designer and an Academy Award-winning stage and costume designer for films and the theatre. He was named to the International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame in 1970.
  Beaton was born on 14 January 1904 in Hampstead the son of Ernest Walter Hardy Beaton (1867–1936), a prosperous timber merchant, and his wife Etty Sissons (1872–1962). His grandfather, Walter Hardy Beaton (1841–1904), had founded the family business of Beaton Brothers Timber Merchants and Agents, and his father followed into the business. Ernest Beaton was also an amateur actor and had met his wife, Cecil's mother, when playing the lead in a play. She was the daughter of a Cumbrian blacksmith named Oldcorn who had come to London to visit her married sister. It is through this connection that Cecil is related to the Blessed Father Edward Oldcorne who was involved in the Gunpowder Plot. They had four children — in addition to Cecil there were two daughters Nancy (1909–99) and Baba (1912–73), and another son Reggie (1905–33).
  
  wn.com/Cecil_Beaton
• Charles Walters
  Charles Walters (November 17, 1911 – August 13, 1982) was a Hollywood director and choreographer most noted for his work in MGM musicals and comedies in from the 1940s to the 1960s.
  He was born in Pasadena, California, and educated at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
  He is notable for directing Esther Williams' musicals involving underwater swimming and diving sequences, such as Dangerous When Wet, as well as several musicals starring Leslie Caron, such as Gigi (for which he is uncredited) and Lili. He has also directed musical remakes, including High Society, a remake of The Philadelphia Story (1940), and Bundle of Joy, a remake of Bachelor Mother (1939). Walters also directed the last pairing of Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers, The Barkleys of Broadway, as well as Cary Grant in the actor's last film Walk, Don't Run.
  Walters died from lung cancer at the age of 71.
  According to William J. Mann's book, "Behind the Screen", Walters was gay.
  
  wn.com/Charles_Walters
• 
  Colette
  Colette (pronounced: [kɔ.lɛt]) was the surname of the French novelist and performer Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette (28 January 1873 – 3 August 1954). She is best known for her novel Gigi, upon which Lerner and Loewe based the stage and film musical comedies of the same title.
  Colette was born to retired military officer Jules-Joseph Colette and his wife Adèle Eugénie Sidonie "Sido" Colette (nėe Landoy) in Saint-Sauveur-en-Puisaye, Yonne, in the Burgundy Region of France. She studied piano as a child and received her primary school diploma with high marks in mathematics and dictation. In 1893, at age 20, she married Henry Gauthier-Villars, a famous wit known as "Willy", who was 15 years her senior. He was a writer, music critic, and described as a "literary charlatan and degenerate".
  Her first books, the Claudine series, were published under her husband's pen name "Willy". Claudine still has the power to charm; in belle epoque France it was downright shocking, much to Willy's satisfaction and profit.
  
  wn.com/Colette
• E. Preston Ames
  E. Preston Ames (1906 – 1983) was a famous Hollywood art director.
  Ames first made inroads into Hollywood when he was a draftsman working on The Wizard of Oz in 1939. Within five years he had become a fully fledged art director.
  In a career spanning nearly 40 years, Ames won 2 Oscars (for An American in Paris in 1951 and Gigi in 1958) and was nominated an additional six times.
  Among the highlights of his career were creating the mystical town of Brigadoon in 1954, recreating the Titanic in The Unsinkable Molly Brown in 1964, mocking up an airport for the film of the same name in 1970 and reducing Los Angeles to rubble in Earthquake in 1974.
  
  wn.com/E._Preston_Ames
• 
  Eva Gabor
  Éva Gábor (11 February 1919 – 4 July 1995) was a Hungarian-born American socialite and actress. She was widely known for her role on the 1965 to 1971 television sitcom, Green Acres as Lisa Douglas, the wife of Eddie Albert's character, Oliver Wendell Douglas. She portrayed Duchess in the 1970 Disney film The Aristocats, and Miss Bianca in Disney's The Rescuers and The Rescuers Down Under. Gábor had success as an actress in film, Broadway and television; she was also successful in business, marketing wigs, clothing, and beauty products. Her elder sisters, Zsa Zsa Gabor and Magda Gabor, were also American actresses and socialites.
  Born in Budapest of Jewish descent, Gábor was the third and last daughter of Vilmos Gábor (1884–1962), a soldier, and Jolie Gábor (1894–1997), a jeweler. She was the first Gábor sister to emigrate to the United States. She moved with her first husband, a Swedish osteopath, Eric V. Drimmer in 1939, shortly after they married in London. Her first movie role was in the United States, a bit part in Forced Landing at Paramount Pictures. She acted in movies and on the stage throughout the 1950s.
  
  wn.com/Eva_Gabor
• F. Keogh Gleason
  Francis Keogh Gleason (born April 14, 1906 in Minnesota, USA - December 18, 1982) was a resident set decorator at MGM studios for over 40 years. In that time he won 4 Academy Awards (for An American in Paris in 1951, The Bad and the Beautiful in 1952, Somebody Up There Likes Me in 1956 and "Gigi" in 1958) and was nominated an additional 3 times.
  
  
  
  wn.com/F._Keogh_Gleason
• Frederick Loewe
  Frederick Loewe (/ˈloʊ/, originally German Friedrich (Fritz) Löwe [ˈløːvə]; June 10, 1901 – February 14, 1988), was an Austrian-American composer. He collaborated with lyricist Alan Jay Lerner on the long running Broadway musicals My Fair Lady and Camelot, with book and lyrics by Lerner, both of which were made into films.
  Loewe was born in Berlin, Germany, to Viennese parents Edmond and Rosa Loewe. His father was a noted Jewish operetta star who performed throughout Europe and in North and South America; he starred as Count Danilo in the original production of The Merry Widow.
  Frederick Loewe grew up in Berlin and attended a Prussian cadet school from the age of five until he was thirteen. At an early age Loewe learned to play piano by ear and helped his father rehearse, and he began composing songs at age seven. He eventually attended a music conservatory in Berlin, one year behind virtuoso Claudio Arrau, and studied with Ferruccio Busoni and Eugene d'Albert. He won the coveted Hollander Medal awarded by the school and gave performances as a concert pianist while still in Germany. At 13, he was the youngest piano soloist ever to appear with the Berlin Philharmonic.
  
  wn.com/Frederick_Loewe
• Gilbert Miller
  Gilbert Heron Miller (July 3, 1884 - January 2, 1969) was an American theatrical producer.
  Born in New York City, he was the son of English-born theatrical producer Henry Miller (1859–1926) and Bijou Heron, a former child actress. Raised and educated in Europe, he returned home to follow in his father's footsteps and became a highly successful Broadway producer. Miller served as director of the League of New York Theatres as well as an officer of the Actors Fund. He also managed the St James's Theatre in London.
  Nominated three times, Gilbert Miller won the Tony Award for Best Play in 1950 for his production of "The Cocktail Party." In 1965, he was given a Special Tony Award "for having produced 88 plays and musicals and for his perseverance which has helped to keep New York and theatre alive."
  Gilbert Miller died in 1969 and was interred in the Woodlawn Cemetery in The Bronx, New York.
  Miller's first wife was Jessie Beck, whom he divorced. They had one daughter, Dorothy.
  His second wife was Margaret Miller; they divorced.
  
  wn.com/Gilbert_Miller
• 
  Hermione Gingold
  Hermione Gingold (pronounced with a hard G, not as Jinggold; 9 December 1897 – 24 May 1987) was an English actress known for her sharp-tongued, eccentric persona, an image enhanced by her sharp nose and chin, as well as her deepening voice, a result of vocal nodes which her mother reportedly encouraged her not to remove. She starred on stage, on radio, in films, on television, and in recordings. She also appeared on the NBC interview program Here's Hollywood.
  Born Hermione Ferdinanda Gingold in London, England, she was the daughter of a high-standing Vienna-born Jewish financier James Gingold and Kate Walter or Walters, an English-born housewife. Her paternal grandparents were the Turkish-born British subject, Moritz "Maurice" Gingold, a London stockbroker, and his Austrian-born wife, Hermine, after whom Hermione Gingold was named. On her father's side, she was descended from the celebrated Solomon Sulzer, a famous synagogue cantor and Jewish liturgical composer in Vienna. Her mother was from a "well-to-do Jewish family". Gingold was a childhood friend of Noël Coward until her mother warned her away from him.^{[citation needed]}
  
  wn.com/Hermione_Gingold
• J. Arthur Rank
  Joseph Arthur Rank, 1st Baron Rank (22 December 1888 – 29 March 1972) was a British industrialist and film producer, and founder of the Rank Organisation, now known as The Rank Group Plc.
  Rank was born on 23 December 1888 at Kingston upon Hull in England into a Victorian family environment, which was dominated by his father Joseph Rank who had built a substantial flour milling business. He was educated at The Leys School in Cambridge. Joseph is reported to have told his son Arthur that he was "a dunce at school" and that the only way that he could succeed in life would be in his father's flour mill. J. Arthur ventured on his own with Peterkins Self-Raising Flour, but when that business failed he returned to work for his father. That was the business (Joseph Rank Limited) that he later inherited and which became known as Rank Hovis McDougall (now owned by British food conglomerate Premier foods).
  Rank was a devout member of the Methodist Church and in his middle age he taught Sunday School to which he began to show religious films. This practice expanded to other churches and schools and it led to his formation of the Religious Film Society to which he then distributed films that he had also made. His first production was called Mastership.
  
  wn.com/J._Arthur_Rank
• Jacques Bergerac
  Jacques Bergerac (born 26 May 1927) is a former French actor with a brief Hollywood film career.
  Originally a lawyer, Bergerac met and married Ginger Rogers with whom he appeared in Twist of Fate (1954). He then went on to appear as Armand Duval in a television production of Camille for Kraft Television Theatre, opposite Signe Hasso. He played the Comte de Provence in Jean Delannoy's film Marie Antoinette Queen of France (Marie-Antoinette reine de France, 1956) with Michèle Morgan. In Strange Intruder (1956), he shared the screen with Edmund Purdom and Ida Lupino, and in Les Girls (1957), he played the second male lead. He also appeared in Gigi (1958), Thunder in the Sun (1959), the cult horror film The Hypnotic Eye (1960), and A Global Affair (1964).
  In 1957, he received the Golden Globe Award for Foreign Newcomer.
  He divorced Rogers in 1957 and, in 1959, married Dorothy Malone, with whom he had two children. The marriage ended in divorce in 1964. He appeared in a few more films and on television, including Batman (as Freddy the Fence, or French Freddy), 77 Sunset Strip, Alfred Hitchcock Presents ("Safe Conduct" [1], 1955; "The Legacy" [2], 1956; and "Return of the Hero" [3], 1958), The Lucy Show, The Dick Van Dyke Show ("The Square Triangle", 1962) and hosted "Paris ala Mode". His last appearance was on The Doris Day Show in 1969, after which he left show business and became the head of Revlon's Paris office. Jacques' younger brother Michel became CEO of Revlon six years later.
  
  wn.com/Jacques_Bergerac
• Joseph Ruttenberg
  Joseph Ruttenberg, A.S.C. (July 4, 1889 - May 1, 1983) was a Russian-born American photojournalist and cinematographer.
  Ruttenberg was accomplished winning accolades. At MGM, Ruttenberg was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Cinematography ten times, winning four. In addition, he won the 1954 Golden Globe Award for his camera work on the film Brigadoon.
  Born into a Jewish family in St. Petersburg, Russia, Joseph Ruttenberg was ten years old when his family emigrated to the United States, settling in Boston, Massachusetts. As a young man he went to work at the Boston Globe newspaper as a photojournalist but left in 1915 to accept a job with the Fox Film Corporation in New York City to train as a cinematographer. Two years later he was behind the camera for his first silent film--The Painted Madonna (1917)--in what would be a remarkably successful career.
  In the late 1920s Ruttenberg went to work for Paramount Pictures in New York. His first talkie assignment was The Struggle (1931), D.W. Griffith's final film. Then in 1934 Ruttenberg signed on with MGM, moving to Hollywood where he was invited to join the American Society of Cinematographers.
  
  wn.com/Joseph_Ruttenberg
• 
  Kurt Weill
  Kurt Julian Weill (March 2, 1900 – April 3, 1950) was a German-Jewish composer, active from the 1920s, and in his later years in the United States. He was a leading composer for the stage who was best known for his fruitful collaborations with Bertolt Brecht. With Brecht, he developed productions such as his most well known work The Threepenny Opera, a Marxist critique of capitalism, which included the ballad "Mack the Knife". Weill was a socialist^{[unreliable source?]} who held the ideal of writing music that served a socially useful purpose. He also wrote a number of works for the concert hall, as well as several Judaism-themed pieces.
  Kurt Julian Weill was born on March 2, 1900, the third of four children to Albert Weill (1867–1950) and Emma Weill née Ackermann (1872–1955). He grew up in a religious Jewish family in the "Sandvorstadt", the Jewish quarter in Dessau, Germany, where his father was a cantor. At the age of twelve, Kurt Weill started taking piano lessons and made his first attempts at writing music; his earliest preserved composition was written in 1913 and is titled Mi Addir. Jewish Wedding Song.
  
  wn.com/Kurt_Weill
• 
  Leslie Caron
  Leslie Claire Margaret Caron (French pronunciation: [lɛzli kaʁɔ̃]; born 1 July 1931) is a French film actress and dancer, who appeared in 45 films between 1951 and 2003. In 2006, her performance in Law and Order: Special Victims Unit won her an Emmy for guest actress in a drama series. Her autobiography Thank Heaven, was published in 2010 in the UK and US, and in 2011 in a French version.
  Caron is best known for the musical films An American in Paris (1951), Lili (1953), Daddy Long Legs (1955), Gigi (1958), and for the non-musical films Fanny (1961), The L-Shaped Room (1962), and Father Goose (1964). She received two Academy Award nominations for Best Actress. She speaks French, English, and Italian. She is one of the few dancers or actresses who has danced with Gene Kelly, Fred Astaire, Mikhail Baryshnikov, and Rudolf Nureyev.
  Caron was born in Boulogne-sur-Seine, Seine (now Boulogne-Billancourt, Hauts-de-Seine), France, the daughter of Margaret (née Petit), an American dancer on Broadway, and Claude Caron, a French chemist. Caron was prepared for a performing career from childhood by her mother.
  
  wn.com/Leslie_Caron
• 
  Louis Jourdan
  Louis Jourdan (born 19 June 1921) is a retired French film and television actor. He is known for his roles in several Hollywood films, including The Paradine Case (1947), Gigi (1958), The Best of Everything (1959), and Octopussy (1983). His final film before his retirement was The Year Of The Comet in 1992.
  Jourdan was born as Louis Gendre in Marseille, France in 1921, the son of Yvonne (née Jourdan) and Henry Gendre, a hotel owner. He was educated in France, Turkey, and Britain, and he studied acting at the École Dramatique. Jourdan made his film debut in 1939.
  Following the Nazi German occupation of France during World War II, Jourdan continued to make motion pictures, but after refusing to participate in Nazi propaganda films, he joined the French Resistance. His father was arrested by the Gestapo.
  On 11 March 1946, Jourdan married Berthe Frédérique, with whom he had his only child, a son.
  In 1947, Jourdan accepted an offer to appear in The Paradine Case, a drama directed by Alfred Hitchcock and starring Gregory Peck. In Hollywood, he became friends with several stars who shared his love of the game of croquet.
  
  wn.com/Louis_Jourdan
• 
  Maurice Chevalier
  Maurice Auguste Chevalier (September 12, 1888 – January 1, 1972) was a French actor, singer, entertainer and a noted Sprechgesang performer. He is perhaps best known for his signature songs, including Louise, Mimi, Valentine, and Thank Heaven for Little Girls and for his films including The Love Parade and The Big Pond. His trademark attire was a boater hat, which he always wore on stage with a tuxedo.
  Born in Paris, he made his name as a star of musical comedy, appearing in public as a singer and dancer at an early age before working in four menial jobs as a teenager. In 1909, he became the partner of the biggest female star in France at the time, Fréhel. Although their relationship was brief, she secured him his first major engagement, as a mimic and a singer in l'Alcazar in Marseille to which he received critical acclaim by French theatre critics. In 1918 he discovered jazz and ragtime and went to London, where he found new success at the Palace Theatre.
  In 1917, he discovered jazz and ragtime and toured the United States. Whilst there, he met the American composers George Gershwin and Irving Berlin and brought Dédé to Broadway in 1922. He also developed an interest in acting, and had success in the operetta Dédé. When talkies arrived, he went to Hollywood in 1928 where he played his first American role in Innocents of Paris. In 1930 he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor, for his roles in The Love Parade (1929) and The Big Pond (1930), which secured his first big American hit, Livin' in the Sunlight, Lovin' in the Moonlight.
  
  wn.com/Maurice_Chevalier
• Vincente Minnelli
  Vincente Minnelli (February 28, 1903 – July 25, 1986) was an American stage director and film director, famous for directing such classic movie musicals as Meet Me in St. Louis, The Band Wagon, and An American in Paris. In addition to having directed some of the most famous and well-remembered musicals of his time, Minnelli made many comedies and melodramas. He was married to Judy Garland from 1945 until 1951; they were the parents of Liza Minnelli.
  Born as Lester Anthony Minnelli in Chicago, he was the youngest of four known sons, only two of whom survived to adulthood, born to Marie Émilie Odile Lebeau (stage name: Mina Gennell) and Vincent Charles Minnelli. His father was musical conductor of Minnelli Brothers' Tent Theater. Minnelli's Chicago-born mother was of French Canadian descent with a strong probability of Native American (Anishinaabe) lineage included via her Mackinac Island, Michigan born mother. The family toured small towns primarily in Ohio, Indiana and Illinois before settling permanently in Delaware, Ohio.
  
  wn.com/Vincente_Minnelli
• William A. Horning
  William A. Horning (birth name: William Allen Horning) (November 9, 1904 – March 2, 1959) was a multiple Academy Award winner. He was married to Esther Montgomery until his death.
  At the 31st Academy Awards ceremony for 1958, Horning received a posthumous Academy Award for Best Art Direction for that year's Best Picture winner, Gigi. The following year, he received two additional posthumous Oscar nominations, one for Alfred Hitchcock's North by Northwest and another for the 1959 epic film Ben-Hur. At the 32nd Academy Awards ceremony, Horning won the Academy Award for Best Art Direction for Ben-Hur, that year's Best Picture winner. Like producer Sam Zimbalist, Horning was awarded his second Oscar posthumously, as both he and Zimbalist had died while the movie was still being filmed. To date, Horning is the only individual ever to win posthumous Academy Awards in consecutive ceremonies.
  
  
  
  wn.com/William_A._Horning

Gigi (1958)

Actors

• Leslie Caron
• Maurice Chevalier
• Louis Jourdan
• Hermione Gingold
• Eva Gabor
• Jacques Bergerac
• Isabel Jeans
• John Abbott
• Cilly Feindt
• Richard Bean
• Hubert De Lapparent
• Edwin Jerome
• Corinne Marchand
• Maurice Marsac
• Dorothy Neumann

Director

• Vincente Minnelli

• Anugerah Dari Cinta
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• Dan Sekarang
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• Pemimpin Budiman
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• Yang Tak Terpikirkan I
• Dosa Ini
• Karuniamu
• Yang Tak Terpikirkan II
• Jalan Kebenaran (karaoke)
• Rinduku Cintamu (karaoke)

• Indonesia
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• Karena Dirimu
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• Bila
• Jangan Tinggalkan Aku
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• Sajadah Panjang
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• Selamat Hari Lebaran

• Perdamaian
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• Ketika Tangan dan Kaki Berkata
• Dengan Menyebut Nama Allah
• Akhirnya
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• Hilang
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• Bisa Saja
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• Tanpamu Sepi

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• Hilang
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• Ketika Tangan dan Kaki Berkata
• Lailatul Qadar
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• Bisa Saja
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• Dilema
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• Jatuh Padamu
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• F.T.E. of T.M.
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• Semua Untukmu

• Andai
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• Oo...Oo...Oo...

• Baik
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• Dan Kau Beri
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• Dua Belas 'K'
• Kemarin
• Kemarin (Live version)
• Kilas Balik
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• Bronchitis Kronis (instrumental)
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• Mereka
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• Tractor

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• Dimana
• Garis Lini
• Hilang
• Melayang (Acoustic)
• Nikmatilah
• Oo? Oo? Oo?
• Selamat Tidur ?. Sayang (Instrumental)
• Usah Pikirkan

• All for Money
• Bimbang
• Dewi Impian
• Dunia
• Hikayat Insani
• Janji
• Kropos (Instrumental)
• Nirwana
• Pesta

• Adakah yang Tersisa
• Angan
• Burning Star
• Garis Warna
• Hasrat
• Kau Kan Kembali
• Kuingin
• Lelah
• Terpisahkan

• Nakal
• 11 Januari
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• Matikan Cintaku
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• Untukmu
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• Romansa Yang Hilang
• Percayalah
• Kembalilah Kasih

• No, My Heart Will Go On
• The Hundredth Time
• Dreams of Romance
• Alone at the Pier
• Everyone Can Tell
• One Woman Show
• I'm Not Coming Out Tonight
• Some Second Best
• I Can't Bring Myself to Smile
• Strolling Past the Old Graveyard
• The Marquee
• Impossible Love
• Won't Someone Tell Me?
• I'll Quit
• 'Neathe the Streetlights

• Semena-Worck
• Anten
• Jerusalem
• Salam
• Gomelaleye
• Ambasale
• Hulu-Dane
• Utopia
• Acha
• Marena-Wotetea
• Enoralenu

• Abay
• Tew Ante Sew
• Mengedegna
• Kahn
• Sew Argen
• Nafekeñ
• Abet Wubet
• Guramayle
• Gud Fella
• Guramayle (slight return)

• Gud Fella
• Mengedegna
• Tew Ante Sew
• Abay
• Bale Washintu
• Guramayle
• Sew Argeñ
• Aynama
• Kahn
• Zomaye
• Abet Wubet
• Nafekeñ
• Adwa

• Ande Ethiopia
• Eske Meche
• Na
• Salayew
• Gera Geru
• Abo Shemane
• Adey ABEBA
• Gela
• Kwass Meda
• Amnalehu

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• timeline:
• 2012
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• 2006
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