July 30

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News Edition in Albanian Language - Vizion Plus - 2012 - July 30 - 15:00

Ek Hazzaron Mein Meri Behana Hai - 30th July 2012

Iss Pyaar Ko Kya Naam Doon - 30th July 2012

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Americas
The Americas, or America, are lands in the Western hemisphere, also known as the New World.
In the English language, the Americas refers to the landmasses of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions, whereas America, in current usage, usually refers to the United States of America.
The Americas cover 8.3% of the Earth's total surface area (28.4% of its land area) and contain about 13.5% of the human population (about 900 million people).
The specifics of Paleo-Indian migration to and throughout the Americas, including the exact dates and routes traveled, are subject to ongoing research and discussion. The traditional theory has been that these early migrants moved into the Beringia land bridge between eastern Siberia and present-day Alaska around 40,000–17,000 years ago, when sea levels were significantly lowered due to the Quaternary glaciation. These people are believed to have followed herds of now-extinct pleistocene megafauna along ice-free corridors that stretched between the Laurentide and Cordilleran ice sheets. Another route proposed is that, either on foot or using primitive boats, they migrated down the Pacific Northwest coast to South America. Evidence of the latter would since have been covered by a sea level rise of hundreds of meters following the last ice age.

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Baghdad
Baghdad (Arabic: بغداد‎, Baġdād, IPA: [bæɣˈdæːd]) is the capital of Republic of Iraq, as well as the coterminous Baghdad Province. The population of Baghdad as of 2011 is approximately 7,216,040, making it the largest city in Iraq, the second largest city in the Arab World (after Cairo, Egypt), and the second largest city in Western Asia (after Tehran, Iran).
Located along the Tigris River, the city was founded in the 8th century and became the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. Within a short time of its inception, Baghdad evolved into a significant cultural, commercial, and intellectual center for the Islamic World. This in addition to housing several key academic institutions (e.g. House of Wisdom) garnered the city a worldwide reputation as the "Center of Learning". Throughout the High Middle Ages, Baghdad was considered to be the largest city in the world with an estimated population of 1,200,000 people. The city was largely destroyed at the hands of the Mongol Empire in 1258, resulting in a decline that would linger through many centuries due to frequent plagues and multiple successive empires. With the recognition of Iraq as an independent state (formerly the British Mandate of Mesopotamia) in 1938, Baghdad gradually regained some of its former prominence as a significant center of Arabic culture.

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Battle of the Crater
The Battle of the Crater was a battle of the American Civil War, part of the Siege of Petersburg. It took place on July 30, 1864, between the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, commanded by General Robert E. Lee and the Union Army of the Potomac, commanded by Major General George G. Meade (under the direct supervision of the general-in-chief, Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant).
After weeks of preparation, on July 30 the Federals exploded a mine in Maj. Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside's IX Corps sector, blowing a gap in the Confederate defenses of Petersburg, Virginia. From this propitious beginning, everything deteriorated rapidly for the Union attackers. Unit after unit charged into and around the crater, where soldiers milled in confusion. Grant considered the assault "the saddest affair I have witnessed in the war." The Confederates quickly recovered and launched several counterattacks led by Brig. Gen. William Mahone. The breach was sealed off, and the Federals were repulsed with severe casualties. Brig. Gen. Edward Ferrero's division of black soldiers was badly mauled. This may have been Grant's best chance to end the Siege of Petersburg. Instead, the soldiers settled in for another eight months of trench warfare. Burnside was relieved of command for the last time for his role in the debacle, and he was never again returned to command.

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Catherine Palace
The Catherine Palace (Russian: Екатерининский дворец) was the Rococo summer residence of the Russian tsars, located in the town of Tsarskoye Selo (Pushkin), 25 km south-east of St. Petersburg, Russia.
The residence originated in 1717, when Catherine I of Russia engaged the German architect Johann-Friedrich Braunstein to construct a summer palace for her pleasure. In 1733, Empress Anna commissioned Mikhail Zemtsov and Andrei Kvasov to expand the Catherine Palace. Empress Elizabeth, however, found her mother's residence outdated and incommodious and in May 1752 asked her court architect Bartolomeo Rastrelli to demolish the old structure and replace it with a much grander edifice in a flamboyant Rococo style. Construction lasted for four years and on 30 July 1756 the architect presented the brand-new 325-meter-long palace to the Empress, her dazed courtiers, and stupefied foreign ambassadors.^{[citation needed]}
During Elizabeth's lifetime, the palace was famed for its lavish exterior.^{[citation needed]} More than 100 kilograms of gold were used to gild the sophisticated stucco façade and numerous statues erected on the roof. It was even rumoured that the palace's roof was constructed entirely of gold. In front of the palace a great formal garden was laid out. It centres on the azure-and-white Hermitage Pavilion near the lake, designed by Zemtsov in 1744, overhauled by Rastrelli in 1749 and formerly crowned by a grand gilded sculpture representing The Rape of Persephone. The interior of the pavilion featured dining tables with dumbwaiter mechanisms. The grand entrance to the palace is flanked by two massive "circumferences", also in the Rococo style. A delicate iron-cast grille separates the complex from the town of Tsarskoe Selo.

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CFB Valcartier
Canadian Forces Base Valcartier is a Canadian Forces Base located in the municipality of Saint-Gabriel-de-Valcartier, approximately 25 km (16 mi) north of Quebec City. It is home to the 5th Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group.
CFB Valcartier was originally erected as a military training camp in August 1914 as part of the mobilization of the Canadian Expeditionary Force at the onset of World War I. The site was also used as an internment camp for "enemy aliens", mainly eastern Europeans. The name Valcartier comes from the town of Saint-Gabriel-de-Valcartier, of which a large section was expropriated in order to create the military training camp. Due to its proximity to the Port of Quebec, Valcartier became the largest military camp on Canadian soil, including some 32,000 men and 8,000 horses.
In 1968, after unification of the Canadian Forces, the title 5 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group was assigned to the brigade group established in CFB Valcartier.
Currently, Valcartier Garrison is home to the 5 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group.

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Detroit
Detroit ( /diˈtrɔɪt/) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan, and the seat of Wayne County. It is the major city among the primary cultural, financial, and transportation centers in the Metro Detroit area, a region of 5.2 million people, and serves as a major port on the Detroit River connecting the Great Lakes system to the Saint Lawrence Seaway. It was founded on July 24, 1701, by the French explorer, adventurer, and nobleman Antoine de la Mothe, sieur de Cadillac.
In 2010, the city had a population of 713,777 and ranked as the 18th most populous city in the United States. The name Detroit sometimes refers to the Metro Detroit area with a population of 4,296,250 for the six-county Metropolitan Statistical Area, the United States' eleventh-largest, and a population of 5,218,852 for the nine-county Combined Statistical Area as of the 2010 Census. The Detroit–Windsor area, a critical commercial link straddling the Canada–U.S. border, has a total population of about 5,700,000.
Known as the world's traditional automotive center, "Detroit" is a metonym for the American automobile industry and an important source of popular music legacies celebrated by the city's two familiar nicknames, the Motor City and Motown. Other nicknames arose in the 20th century, including City of Champions beginning in the 1930s for its successes in individual and team sport,The D, D-Town, Hockeytown (a trademark owned by the city's NHL club, the Red Wings), Rock City (after the Kiss song "Detroit Rock City"), and The 313 (its telephone area code) Detroit became known as the "great arsenal of democracy" for its support of the U.S. role among the Allied powers during World War II.

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France
France (English ⁱ/ˈfræns/ FRANSS or /ˈfrɑːns/ FRAHNSS; French: [fʁɑ̃s] ( listen)), officially the French Republic (French: République française [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is often referred to as l’Hexagone ("The Hexagon") because of the geometric shape of its territory. It is the largest western European country and it possesses the second-largest exclusive economic zone in the world, covering 11,035,000 km² (4,260,000 sq mi), just behind that of the United States (11,351,000 km² / 4,383,000 sq mi).
Over the past 500 years, France has been a major power with strong cultural, economic, military and political influence in Europe and around the world. During the 17th and 18th centuries, France colonised great parts of North America and Southeast Asia; during the 19th and early 20th centuries, France built the second largest colonial empire of the time, including large portions of North, West and Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and many Caribbean and Pacific Islands.

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German Empire
The German Empire (German: Deutsches Kaiserreich) is the common name given to the state officially named the Deutsches Reich (literally: "German Realm"), designating Germany from the unification of Germany and proclamation of Wilhelm I as German Emperor on 18 January 1871, to 1918, when it became a federal republic after defeat in World War I and the abdication of the Emperor, Wilhelm II.
The German Empire consisted of 27 constituent territories (most of them ruled by royal families). While the Kingdom of Prussia contained most of the population and most of the territory of the Reich; the Prussian leadership became supplanted by German leaders and Prussia itself played a lesser role. As Dwyer (2005) points out, Prussia's "political and cultural influence had diminished considerably" by the 1890s. Its three largest neighbors were rivals Imperial Russia to the east and France to the west and ally Austria-Hungary to the south.
After 1850, Germany industrialized rapidly, with a foundation in coal, iron (and later steel), chemicals and railways. From a population of 41 million people in 1871, it grew to 68 million in 1913. From a heavily rural nation in 1815, it was now predominantly urban. During its 47 years of existence, the German Empire operated as an industrial, technological and scientific giant, receiving more Nobel Prizes in science than Britain, France, Russia and the United States combined.

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Guanaja
Guanaja is one of the Bay Islands of Honduras, and is in the Caribbean. It is about 70 km off the north coast of Honduras, and 12 km from the island of Roatan. One of the cays off Guanaja, also called Guanaja or Bonnaca or Low Cay (or just simply, The Cay), is near the main island, and contains most of the approximately 10,000 people who live in Guanaja. The densely populated cay has been described as the Venice of Honduras because of the waterways that run through it.^{[citation needed]} The other two main settlements on Guanaja are Mangrove Bight and Savannah Bight. Smaller settlements include East End and North East Bight.
The primary source of income for the islanders is fishing and shrimping. Tourism is confined to a handful of small resorts that cater to divers, snorkelers and adventure travelers. The island's warm, clear waters support an extensive coral reef that is part of the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef and second only to the Great Barrier Reef off the coasts of Australia. Currently, there is still access to fresh water on Guanaja, and several waterfalls can be seen.

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Honduras
Honduras is a republic in Central America. It was at times referred to as Spanish Honduras to differentiate it from British Honduras, which became the modern-day state of Belize. The country is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Ocean at the Gulf of Fonseca, and to the north by the Gulf of Honduras, a large inlet of the Caribbean Sea.
Honduras was home to several important indigenous cultures, most notably the Maya. Much of the country was conquered by Spain who introduced its predominant language and many of its customs in the sixteenth century. It became independent in 1821 and has been a republic since the end of Spanish rule.
Its size is just over 112,492 km² with an estimated population of almost eight million. Its capital is Tegucigalpa. Its northern portions are part of the Western Caribbean Zone.
It is notable for its production of minerals, tropical fruit, and recently for exportation of clothing for the international market.

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Idaho
Idaho (ⁱ/ˈaɪdəhoʊ/) is a state in the Rocky Mountain area of the United States. Idaho is the 14th most expansive, the 39th most populous, and the 7th least densely populated of the 50 United States. The state's largest city and capital is Boise. Residents are called "Idahoans". Idaho was admitted to the Union on July 3, 1890, as the 43rd state.
Idaho is a mountainous state with an area larger than that of all of New England. It is landlocked, surrounded by the states of Washington, Oregon, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming, Montana and the Canadian province of British Columbia. However, the network of dams and locks on the Columbia River and Snake River make the city of Lewiston the farthest inland seaport on the Pacific coast of the contiguous United States.
Idaho's nickname is the Gem State, because nearly every known type of gemstone has been found there. In addition, Idaho is one of only two places in the world where star garnets can be found (the other is the Himalaya Mountains, in India)^{[citation needed]}, and is the only place six-pointed star garnets have been found^{[citation needed]}. Additionally Idaho is sometimes called the Potato State owing to its popular crop. The state motto is Esto Perpetua (Latin for "Let it be forever").

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Israel
Coordinates: 31°N 35°E / 31°N 35°E / 31; 35
Israel, officially the State of Israel ( /ˈɪzriːəl/ or /ˈɪzreɪəl/; Hebrew: מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל‎, Medīnat Yisrā'el, IPA: [me̞diˈnät jisʁäˈʔe̞l] ( listen); Arabic: دَوْلَة إِسْرَائِيل‎, Dawlat Isrāʼīl, IPA: [dawlat ʔisraːˈʔiːl]), is a parliamentary republic in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan and the West Bank in the east, Egypt and the Gaza Strip on the southwest, and the Gulf of Aqaba in the Red Sea to the south, and it contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area. Israel is defined as a Jewish and Democratic State in its Basic Laws and is the world's only Jewish-majority state.
Following the adoption of a resolution by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 29 November 1947 recommending the adoption and implementation of the United Nations plan to partition Palestine, on 14 May 1948 David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization and president of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, declared the establishment of a Jewish state in Eretz Israel, to be known as the State of Israel, a state independent from the British Mandate for Palestine. Neighboring Arab states invaded the next day in support of the Palestinian Arabs. Israel has since fought several wars with neighboring Arab states, in the course of which it has occupied the West Bank, Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip and the Golan Heights. Portions of these territories, including east Jerusalem, have been annexed by Israel, but the border with the neighboring West Bank has not yet been permanently defined.^{[neutrality is disputed]} Israel has signed peace treaties with Egypt and Jordan, but efforts to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict have so far not resulted in peace.

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Italy
Italy ⁱ/ˈɪtəli/ (Italian: Italia [iˈtaːlja]), officially the Italian Republic or the Republic of Italy (Italian: Repubblica italiana), is a unitary parliamentary republic in south-central Europe. To the north, it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south, it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia–the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea–and many other smaller islands. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. The territory of Italy covers some 301,338 km² (116,347 sq mi) and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 60.6 million inhabitants, it is the fifth most populous country in Europe, and the 23rd most populous in the world.
Rome, the capital of Italy, was for centuries a political and religious centre of Western civilisation as the capital of the Roman Empire and site of the Holy See. After the decline of the Roman Empire, Italy endured numerous invasions by foreign peoples, from Germanic tribes such as the Lombards and Ostrogoths, to the Byzantines and later, the Normans, among others. Centuries later, Italy became the birthplace of Maritime republics and the Renaissance, an immensely fruitful intellectual movement that would prove to be integral in shaping the subsequent course of European thought.

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Japan
Japan ⁱ/dʒəˈpæn/ (Japanese: 日本 Nihon or Nippon; formally 日本国 Nippon-koku or Nihon-koku, literally the State of Japan) is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin", which is why Japan is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun".
Japan is an archipelago of 6,852 islands. The four largest islands are Honshū, Hokkaidō, Kyūshū and Shikoku, together accounting for ninety-seven percent of Japan's land area. Japan has the world's tenth-largest population, with over 127 million people. The Greater Tokyo Area, which includes the de facto capital city of Tokyo and several surrounding prefectures, is the largest metropolitan area in the world, with over 30 million residents.
Archaeological research indicates that people lived in Japan as early as the Upper Paleolithic period. The first written mention of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 1st century AD. Influence from other nations followed by long periods of isolation has characterized Japan's history. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, victory in the First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War and World War I allowed Japan to expand its empire during a period of increasing militarism. The Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopting its revised constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary constitutional monarchy with an emperor and an elected parliament called the Diet.

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Knesset
The Knesset (Hebrew: הַכְּנֶסֶת‎ [haˈkneset] ( listen); lit. the gathering or assembly; Arabic: الكنيست‎) is the unicameral legislature of Israel, located in Givat Ram, Jerusalem.
The legislative branch of the Israeli government, the Knesset passes all laws, elects the President and Prime Minister (although the latter is ceremonially appointed by the President), approves the cabinet, and supervises the work of the government. In addition, it also recommends a candidate for the State Comptroller to the President, who appoints someone to the post. It also has the power to waive the immunity of its members, remove the President and the State Comptroller from office, remove a Prime Minister convicted of an offense involving moral turpitude, and to dissolve itself and call new elections. The Prime Minister may dissolve the Knesset. However, until an election is completed, the Knesset maintains authority in its current composition.
Knesset members annually convene for plenary assemblies, or plenums, for two annual sittings of at least eight months' duration. The two sittings together form a session. The Knesset may be convened at any other time if thirty or more members demand this in writing or if the government requests. As well as approving or rejecting proposed legislation, the plenum also elects the Speaker and one or more Deputy Speakers.

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Malden Island
Coordinates: 4°1′S 154°56′W / 4.017°S 154.933°W / -4.017; -154.933
Malden Island, sometimes called Independence Island in the nineteenth century, is a low, arid, uninhabited island in the central Pacific Ocean, about 39 km² (15 sq mi) in area. It is one of the Line Islands belonging to the Republic of Kiribati.
The island is chiefly notable for its "mysterious" prehistoric ruins, its once-extensive deposits of phosphatic guano (exploited by Australian interests from c. 1860-1927), its former use as the site of the first British H-bomb tests (Operation Grapple, 1957), and its current importance as a protected area for breeding seabirds.
Malden Island is located 242 nautical miles (278 mi; 448 km) south of the equator, 1,530 nautical miles (1,761 mi; 2,834 km) south of Honolulu, Hawaii, and more than 4,000 nautical miles (7,000 km) west of the coast of South America. The nearest land is uninhabited Starbuck Island, 110 nautical miles (127 mi; 204 km) to the southwest. The closest inhabited place is Tongareva (Penrhyn Island), 243 nautical miles (280 mi; 450 km) to the southwest. The nearest airport is on Kiritimati (Christmas Island), 365 nautical miles (420 mi; 676 km) to the northwest. Other nearby islands (all uninhabited) include Jarvis Island, 373 nautical miles (429 mi; 691 km) to the northwest, Vostok Island, 385 nautical miles (443 mi; 713 km) to the south-southeast, and Caroline (Millennium) Island, 460 nautical miles (529 mi; 852 km) to the southeast.

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Massachusetts
Massachusetts (ⁱ/ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsɨts/), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. Massachusetts is the 7th least extensive, but the 14th most populous and the 3rd most densely populated of the 50 United States. The state features two separate metropolitan areas – the eastern Boston metropolitan area and the western Springfield metropolitan area. Approximately two thirds of the state's population lives in Greater Boston, most of which is either urban or suburban. Western Massachusetts features one urban area – the Knowledge Corridor along the Connecticut River – and a mix of college towns and rural areas. Massachusetts is the most populous of the six New England states and has the US's sixth highest GDP per capita.

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Mexico
Mexico (ⁱ/ˈmɛksɨkoʊ/; Spanish: México, IPA: [ˈmexiko] ( listen)), officially the United Mexican States (Spanish: Estados Unidos Mexicanos (help·info)), is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States of America; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost two million square kilometres (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the fifth largest country in the Americas by total area and the thirteenth largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of over 113 million, it is the eleventh most populous country and the most populous Spanish-speaking country. Mexico is a federation comprising thirty-one states and a Federal District, the capital city.
In Pre-Columbian Mexico many cultures matured into advanced civilizations such as the Olmec, the Toltec, the Teotihuacan, the Zapotec, the Maya and the Aztec before the first contact with Europeans. In 1521, Spain conquered and colonized the territory from its base in México-Tenochtitlan, which was administered as the Viceroyalty of New Spain. This territory would eventually become Mexico as the colony's independence was recognized in 1821. The post-independence period was characterized by economic instability, the Mexican-American War and territorial cession to the United States, a civil war, two empires and a domestic dictatorship. The latter led to the Mexican Revolution in 1910, which culminated with the promulgation of the 1917 Constitution and the emergence of the country's current political system. Elections held in July 2000 marked the first time that an opposition party won the presidency from the Institutional Revolutionary Party.

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Montevideo
Montevideo (Spanish pronunciation: [mo̞n̪t̪e̞β̞iˈð̞e̞.o̞]) is the largest city, the capital, and the chief port of Uruguay. The settlement was established in 1726 by Bruno Mauricio de Zabala, as a strategic move amidst a Spanish-Portuguese dispute over the platine region, and as a counter to the Portuguese colony at Colonia del Sacramento. According to the census of 2004, Montevideo has a population of 1,325,968 (about half of Uruguay's population). It has an area of 530 square kilometres (200 sq mi) and extends 20 kilometres (12 mi) from west to east. The southernmost cosmopolitan capital city in the Americas and third most southern in the world, it is situated in the southern coast of the country, on the northeastern bank of the Río de la Plata (Spanish: "Silver River") — which is often referred to in English-speaking countries as the River Plate. The city was under brief British rule in 1807 and was involved in the first major naval battle in the Second World War: the Battle of the River Plate. It is also the place where the Montevideo convention was signed, in 1933, by nineteen nations of the Americas. The city hosted all of the matches during the first FIFA World Cup in 1930. Montevideo has a rich architectural and cultural heritage, the latter including tango and candombe. According to Mercer Human Resource Consulting, in 2007 Montevideo provided the highest quality of life in Latin America.

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Morocco
Morocco (Arabic: المغرب‎ al-Maghrib ; Berber: ⵍⵎⴻⵖⵔⵉⴱ / ⴰⵎⴻⵔⵔⵓⴽElmeɣrib / Amerruk), officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of about 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², including the disputed region of the Western Sahara, seen by and mostly administered by Morocco as the Southern Provinces. Morocco is part of the Maghreb region, in addition to Tunisia, Algeria, Mauritania, and Libya, with which it shares cultural, historical and linguistic ties.
Morocco is a constitutional monarchy with an elected parliament. The King of Morocco holds vast executive powers, including the power to dissolve the parliament. Executive power is exercised by the government but more importantly by the king himself. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of parliament, the Assembly of Representatives and the Assembly of Councillors. The king can also issue decrees called dahirs which have the force of law. The latest Parliamentary elections were held in November 25, 2011, and were considered by some neutral observers to be mostly free and fair. Voter turnout in these elections was estimated to be 43% of registered voters, but only about 25% of Moroccan adult citizens actually voted. The rest either chose not to vote or they were not registered as voters. The political capital is Rabat, but the largest city is Casablanca; other main cities include Marrakesh, Tetouan, Tangier, Salé, Fes, Agadir, Meknes, Oujda, Kenitra, and Nador.

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Naples
Coordinates: 40°50′42″N 14°15′30″E / 40.845°N 14.25833°E / 40.845; 14.25833
Naples (Italian: Napoli [ˈnaːpoli] ( listen), Neapolitan: Napule; Latin: Neapolis; Ancient Greek: Νεάπολις, meaning "new city") is the capital of Campania and the third-largest city in Italy, after Rome and Milan. As of 2012^[update], around 960,000 people live within the city's administrative limits. The wider Naples urban area, covering 777 km² (300 sq mi), has a population of over 3 million, and is the 10th-most populous urban area in the European Union. Between 4.1 and 4.4 million people live in the overall Naples metropolitan area, one of the largest European cities on the Mediterranean Sea.
Naples is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Greek settlements were established on the island of Megaride in the Gulf of Naples as early as the 9th century BC. A larger mainland colony – initially known as Parthenope (Παρθενόπη) – developed around the 7th century BC, and was refounded as Neápolis (Νεάπολις) in the 5th century BC. Naples became a lynchpin of Magna Graecia and played a key role in the merging of Greek culture into Roman society, eventually becoming a cultural centre of the Roman Republic. Naples remained influential after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, serving as the capital city of the Kingdom of Naples between 1282 and 1816. Thereafter, in union with Sicily, it became the capital of the Two Sicilies until the unification of Italy in 1861. During the Neapolitan War of 1815, Naples strongly promoted Italian unification.

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New Orleans
New Orleans ( /nuː ˈɔrliənz/ or /ˈnuː ɔrˈliːnz/, locally /nuː ˈɔrlənz/ or /ˈnɔrlənz/; French: La Nouvelle-Orléans [la nuvɛlɔʁleɑ̃] ( listen)) is a major United States port and the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Louisiana. The population of the city proper was 343,829 as of the 2010 U.S. Census. The New Orleans metropolitan area (New Orleans–Metairie–Kenner Metropolitan Statistical Area) had a population of 1,167,764 in 2010 and was the 46th largest in the United States. The New Orleans–Metairie–Bogalusa Combined Statistical Area, a larger trading area, had a 2010 population of 1,214,932.
The city is named after Philippe d'Orléans, Duke of Orléans, Regent of France, and is well known for its distinct French Creole architecture, as well as its cross-cultural and multilingual heritage. New Orleans is also famous for its cuisine, music (particularly as the birthplace of jazz), and its annual celebrations and festivals, most notably Mardi Gras. The city is often referred to as the "most unique" in America.

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Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland (Irish: Tuaisceart Éireann pronounced [ˈt̪ˠuəʃcəɾˠt̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ] ( listen), Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann or Norlin Airlan) is a part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland. It shares a border with the Republic of Ireland to the south and west. As of 2001, its population was 1,685,000, constituting about 30% of the island's total population and about 3% of the population of the United Kingdom. Since the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998, Northern Ireland is largely self-governing. According to the agreement, Northern Ireland co-operates with the rest of Ireland – from which it was partitioned in 1921 — on some policy areas, while other areas are reserved for the Government of the United Kingdom, though the Republic of Ireland "may put forward views and proposals".
Northern Ireland was for many years the site of a violent and bitter inter-communal conflict — the Troubles — which was caused by divisions between nationalists, who are predominantly Roman Catholic, and unionists, who are predominantly Protestant. Unionists want Northern Ireland to remain as a part of the United Kingdom, and generally see themselves as British, while nationalists wish for it to be politically reunited with the rest of Ireland, independent of British rule, and generally see themselves as Irish. Additionally, people from both sides of the community may describe themselves as Northern Irish. Since 1998, most of the paramilitary groups involved in the Troubles have ceased their armed campaigns.

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Prague
Prague ( /ˈprɑːɡ/; Czech: Praha pronounced [ˈpraɦa] ( listen)) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic and fourteenth largest city in European Union. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of nearly 2.0 million. The city has a temperate oceanic climate with warm summers and chilly winters.
Prague has been a political, cultural, and economic centre of central Europe with waxing and waning fortunes during its 1,100 year existence. Founded during the Romanesque and flourishing by the Gothic and Renaissance eras, Prague was the seat of two Holy Roman Emperors and thus then also the capital of the Holy Roman Empire. It was an important city to the Habsburg Monarchy and its Austro-Hungarian Empire and after World War I became the capital of Czechoslovakia. The city played major roles in the Protestant Reformation, the Thirty Years' War, and in modern history generally as the principal conurbation in Bohemia and Moravia whose second city is Brno.

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Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербург, tr. Sankt-Peterburg; IPA: [sankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk] ( listen)) is a city and a federal subject (a federal city) of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea. In 1914 the name of the city was changed to Petrograd (Russian: Петроград; IPA: [pʲɪtrɐˈgrat]), in 1924 to Leningrad (Russian: Ленинград; IPA: [lʲɪnʲɪnˈgrat]) and in 1991 back to Saint Petersburg.
In Russian literature, informal documents, and discourse, the "Saint" (Санкт-) is usually omitted, leaving Petersburg (Петербург, Peterburg). In common parlance Russians may drop "-burg" (-бург) as well, leaving only Peter (Питер, Russian: [ˈpʲitʲɪr]).
Saint Petersburg was founded by Tsar Peter the Great on May 27 [O.S. 16] 1703. From 1713 to 1728 and from 1732 to 1918, Saint Petersburg was the Imperial capital of Russia. In 1918 the central government bodies moved from Saint Petersburg (then named Petrograd) to Moscow. It is Russia's second largest city after Moscow with almost 5 million inhabitants. Saint Petersburg is a major European cultural center, and also an important Russian port on the Baltic Sea.

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Siege of Petersburg
The Richmond–Petersburg Campaign was a series of battles around Petersburg, Virginia, fought from June 9, 1864, to March 25, 1865, during the American Civil War. Although it is more popularly known as the Siege of Petersburg, it was not a classic military siege, in which a city is usually surrounded and all supply lines are cut off, nor was it strictly limited to actions against Petersburg. The campaign was nine months of trench warfare in which Union forces commanded by Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant assaulted Petersburg unsuccessfully and then constructed trench lines that eventually extended over 30 miles (48 km) from the eastern outskirts of Richmond, Virginia, to around the eastern and southern outskirts of Petersburg. Petersburg was crucial to the supply of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's army and the Confederate capital of Richmond. Numerous raids were conducted and battles fought in attempts to cut off the railroad supply lines through Petersburg to Richmond, and many of these caused the lengthening of the trench lines, overloading dwindling Confederate resources.

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South Vietnam
South Vietnam was a state which governed southern Vietnam until 1975. It received international recognition in 1950 as the State of Vietnam (1949–55) and later as the Republic of Vietnam (1955–75). Its capital was Saigon. The terms South Vietnam and North Vietnam became common usage in 1954 at the time of the Geneva Conference, which partitioned Vietnam into communist and non-communist zones at the 17th parallel. The United States was an ally of South Vietnam during the Vietnam War.
South Vietnam's origins can be traced to the French colony of Cochinchina, which consisted of the southern third of Vietnam and was a subdivision of French Indochina. After World War II, the Vietminh, led by Ho Chi Minh, proclaimed the establishment of a Communist nation in Hanoi. In 1949, non-communist Vietnamese politicians formed a rival government in Saigon led by former emperor Bao Dai. Bao Dai was deposed by Prime Minister Ngo Dinh Diem in 1955, who proclaimed himself president after a referendum. After Diem was deposed in a military coup in 1963, there was a series of short-lived military governments. General Nguyen Van Thieu led the country from 1967 until 1975. The Vietnam War began in 1959 with an uprising by Viet Cong forces supplied by North Vietnam. Fighting climaxed during the Tet Offensive of 1968, when there were over 1.5 million South Vietnamese soldiers and 500,000 U.S. soldiers in South Vietnam. Despite a peace treaty concluded in January 1973, fighting continued until the North Vietnamese army overran Saigon on 30 April 1975.

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Sweden
Sweden (ⁱ/ˈswiːdən/ SWEE-dən; Swedish: Sverige [ˈsværjɛ] ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: Konungariket Sverige (help·info)), is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland, and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Øresund.
At 450,295 square kilometres (173,860 sq mi), Sweden is the third largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of about 9.4 million. Sweden has a low population density of 21 inhabitants per square kilometre (54 /sq mi) with the population mostly concentrated to the southern half of the country. About 85% of the population live in urban areas. Sweden's capital city is Stockholm, which is also the largest city.
Sweden emerged as an independent and unified country during the Middle Ages. In the 17th century, the country expanded its territories to form the Swedish Empire. The empire grew to be one of the great powers of Europe in the 17th and early 18th century. Most of the conquered territories outside the Scandinavian Peninsula were lost during the 18th and 19th centuries. The eastern half of Sweden, present-day Finland, was lost to Russia in 1809. The last war in which Sweden was directly involved was in 1814, when Sweden by military means forced Norway into a personal union. Since then, Sweden has been at peace, practicing "non-participation in military alliances during peacetime and neutrality during wartime". However, Sweden has been a member of the European Union since 1 January 1995 and is a member of the OECD.

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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the north-western coast of continental Europe. The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea.
The United Kingdom is a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system, with its seat of government in the capital city of London. It is a country in its own right and consists of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. There are three devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in Belfast, Edinburgh and Cardiff, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Associated with the UK, but not constitutionally part of it, are three Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom has fourteen overseas territories. These are remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in 1922, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface and was the largest empire in history. British influence can still be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former territories.

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United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km²) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.

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Utah
Utah (/ˈjuːtɔː/ or ⁱ/ˈjuːtɑː/) (Arapaho: Wo'tééneihí' ) is a state in the Western United States. It became the 45th state admitted to the Union on January 4, 1896. Utah is the 13th-most extensive, the 34th-most populous, and the 10th-least-densely populated of the 50 United States. Approximately 80% of Utah's 2,817,222 people live along the Wasatch Front, centering on Salt Lake City. This leaves vast expanses of the state nearly uninhabited, making the population the sixth most urbanized in the U.S. The name "Utah" is derived from the name of the Ute tribe and means "people of the mountains" in the Ute language. Utah is bordered by Arizona on the south, Colorado on the east, Wyoming on the northeast, Idaho on the north and Nevada on the west. It also touches a corner of New Mexico.
Utah is the most religiously homogeneous state in the Union. It is home to the Salt Lake Temple, and approximately 60% of Utahns are reported to be members of LDS Church which greatly influences Utah culture and daily life.

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Vanuatu
Vanuatu (English ⁱ/ˌvɑːnuːˈɑːtuː/ vah-noo-AH-too or /vænˈwɑːtuː/ van-WAH-too; Bislama IPA: [vanuaˈtu]), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (French: République de Vanuatu, Bislama: Ripablik blong Vanuatu), is an island nation located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is some 1,750 kilometres (1,090 mi) east of northern Australia, 500 kilometres (310 mi) northeast of New Caledonia, west of Fiji, and southeast of the Solomon Islands, near New Guinea.
Vanuatu was first inhabited by Melanesian people. The first Europeans to visit the islands were the members of a Spanish expedition led by Portuguese navigator Fernandes de Queirós who arrived in Espiritu Santo in 1605. In the 1880s France and the United Kingdom claimed parts of the country, and in 1906 they agreed on a framework for jointly managing the archipelago as the New Hebrides through a British–French Condominium. An independence movement arose in the 1970s, and the Republic of Vanuatu was created in 1980.

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White House
The White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States. Located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., the house was designed by Irish-born James Hoban, and built between 1792 and 1800 of white-painted Aquia sandstone in the Neoclassical style. It has been the residence of every U.S. president since John Adams. When Thomas Jefferson moved into the house in 1801, he (with architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe) expanded the building outward, creating two colonnades that were meant to conceal stables and storage.
In 1814, during the War of 1812, the mansion was set ablaze by the British Army in the Burning of Washington, destroying the interior and charring much of the exterior. Reconstruction began almost immediately, and President James Monroe moved into the partially reconstructed house in October 1817. Construction continued with the addition of the South Portico in 1824 and the North in 1829. Because of crowding within the executive mansion itself, President Theodore Roosevelt had all work offices relocated to the newly constructed West Wing in 1901. Eight years later, President William Howard Taft expanded the West Wing and created the first Oval Office which was eventually moved as the section was expanded. The third-floor attic was converted to living quarters in 1927 by augmenting the existing hip roof with long shed dormers. A newly constructed East Wing was used as a reception area for social events; Jefferson's colonnades connected the new wings. East Wing alterations were completed in 1946, creating additional office space. By 1948, the house's load-bearing exterior walls and internal wood beams were found to be close to failure. Under Harry S. Truman, the interior rooms were completely dismantled and a new internal load-bearing steel frame constructed inside the walls. Once this work was completed, the interior rooms were rebuilt.

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Abdon and Sennen
Saints Abdon and Sennen, variously written in early calendars and martyrologies Abdo, Abdus, and Sennes, Sennis, Zennen, are recognized by the Roman Catholic Church as Christian Martyrs, with a feast day on 30 July. In some places they have been honoured on 20 March, and the first Sunday of May.
Nothing is known historically about these saints except their names, that they were martyrs, and that they were buried on 30 July of some year in the Cemetery of Pontianus on the Via Portuensis. Because of this lack of knowledge about them, they are no longer listed in the Roman Catholic Calendar of Saints to be commemorated liturgically worldwide, but they may still be celebrated everywhere on their feast day unless in some locality an obligatory celebration is assigned to that day. The rank of their celebration was given as "Simple" in the Tridentine Calendar and remained such until the classification was changed to that of "Commemoration" in the General Roman Calendar of 1962.
Their Acts, written for the most part prior to the ninth century, describe them as Persians martyred under Decius, in about the year 250, and contain several fictitious statements about the cause and occasion of their coming to Rome and the nature of their torments. They relate that their bodies were buried by a subdeacon, Quirinus, and later transferred in the reign of Constantine to the Cemetery of Pontianus on the road to Porto, near the gates of Rome.

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Al Balding
Allan George Balding (April 29, 1924 – July 30, 2006) was a Canadian professional golfer, who won four events on the PGA Tour. In 1955 he became the first Canadian to win a PGA Tour event in the United States; Canadians Ken Black (1936 Vancouver Jubilee Open) and Jules Huot (1937 General Brock Open) had won PGA Tour events in Canada in the 1930s.
Balding was born in Toronto, Ontario. He served for three years as a member of the Canadian Army during World War II, and saw duty in France and Germany. After the war in the late 1940s, Balding worked at a Toronto tire manufacturing company. He had played golf only occasionally as a youth, but began playing more after the War ended, improving his game rapidly. Balding became a professional golfer in 1950, working as a club professional in Toronto.
Balding began on the Canadian Professional Golf Tour, winning his first two tournaments in 1952. In 1955, Balding became the first Canadian to win a PGA Tour event in the United States, when he won the Mayfair Open. In 1957, he won three events on the Tour and finished 6th on the money list, the highest of any Canadian at that point.

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Alan Kourie
Alan John Kourie (born July 30, 1951 in Johannesburg) is a former South African first class cricketer, who played for Transvaal, from 1970/71 to 1988/89. Educated at Jeppe Boys High, he played for Transvaal in the Nuffield week, and for South African schools in 1970.
An all-rounder, he was a slow left-arm orthodox bowler and right-handed batsman. Kourie played a 127 first class matches, taking 421 wickets at an average of 23.44. He also scored 4470 runs, including 5 centuries, at an average of 34.38. In Currie Cup cricket, he played 107 matches, taking 378 wickets at 22.12 a piece, scoring 3962 runs at an average of 37.02.
Kourie played for South Africa in 16 unofficial "Tests" and was player of the year in 1980. He also received a special tribute in the S.A. Cricket Annual in 1987.

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Alek Keshishian
Alek Keshishian (born 30 July 1964 in Beirut, Lebanon) is a Lebanese-born Armenian film director. He is best known for his 1991 film Madonna: Truth or Dare which was, at the time, the highest-grossing documentary of all time.
Alek was raised in Manchester, New Hampshire in the USA along with his sister, Aleen, a successful talent manager who represents actors such as Orlando Bloom and Natalie Portman, by their Armenian parents Dr. Kevork and Cecil Keshishian. While he was a superb student of math and sciences, and his father wished Alek would follow in his footsteps in medicine, Alek's talent and passion for music, theatre, and dance was too strong. As a youngster, both he and his sister toured with the NH Children's Theatre, American Children's Theatre, and the "I Like the U.S. of A." National Touring Company. While studying at St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire, he quickly became the program's lead dancer. Before graduating from Harvard University, he co-produced the then 137-year Harvard tradition of the Hasty Puddings. The Hasty Pudding Show at Harvard claims several future luminaries, including Jack Lemmon and Fred Gwynne.

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Alexander Trocchi
Alexander Whitelaw Robertson Trocchi (30 July 1925 – 15 April 1984) was a Scottish novelist.
Trocchi was born in Glasgow to a Scottish mother and Italian father. After working as a seaman on the Murmansk convoys, he attended University of Glasgow. On graduation he obtained a traveling grant that enabled him to relocate to continental Europe. In the early 1950s, he lived in Paris and edited the literary magazine Merlin, which published Henry Miller, Samuel Beckett, Christopher Logue, and Pablo Neruda, amongst others. Although not published in Merlin, American writer Terry Southern, who lived in Paris from 1948−1952, became a close friend of both Trocchi and his colleague Richard Seaver, and the three later co-edited the anthology Writers In Revolt (1962). Though established somewhat in rivalry with the Paris Review, George Plimpton also had served on Merlin's editorial board. Trocchi claimed that this journal came to an end when the US State Department canceled its many subscriptions in protest over an article by Jean-Paul Sartre praising the homoeroticism of Jean Genet.

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Alfred Lépine
Alfred Pierre "Pit" Lépine (July 30, 1901 – August 2, 1955) was a Canadian ice hockey forward and coach. He was born in Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec.
Lepine played in the National Hockey League from 1925 to 1939, spending his entire career with the Montreal Canadiens, winning two Stanley Cups, in 1930 and 1931. Lepine, a center, played over 500 games with Montreal and was an excellent goal scorer who could also check and battle for the puck in the corners. In his rookie NHL season (1925–26), he scored nine goals and played on the same line as a his older brother, Hec. He had played senior hockey in Montreal with the Royals, Hochelega and Nationale squads.
Overall, Lepine reached double figures in goals six times. In 1929–30 he scored a personal best 24 goals in 44 games while forming a dangerous line with Wildor Larochelle and Georges Mantha. In 1937 he was on hand for the Howie Morenz Memorial Game in the aftermath of the former Habs star's death. After 13 years in the NHL, Lepine finally played a year in the minors with the New Haven Eagles of the AHL in 1938–39.

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Allan Langer
Allan "Alfie" Langer AM (born 30 July 1966 in Ipswich, Queensland) is an Australian former multi-award-winning rugby league footballer of the 1980s, 90s and 2000s who works as an assistant coach for the Australian national team and Brisbane Broncos. He was one of the pre-eminent half-backs of his era, representing Australia on several occasions and taking the record for most State of Origin appearances of any player. Langer played most of his career as captain of the Brisbane Broncos, with whom he won the 1992 Clive Churchill Medal and Rothmans Medal, as well as four premierships and the club's player of the year award a record five times. The Allan Langer Medal, which is the Ipswich Jets' player of the year award was named in his honour. Alfie's Bar at the Broncos Leagues Club is also named after him.
The youngest of Queensland Rail worker, Harry Langer's four sons, Allan Langer was born and raised in Ipswich, Queensland. He grew up playing football at Ipswich's Northern Suburbs Tigers alongside brothers and future Brisbane Broncos (as well as Queensland Maroons and Australian Kangaroos) team mates Kevin and Kerrod Walters. This combination of players would become known famously as "The Ipswich Connection".

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Alton Brown
Alton Crawford Brown (born July 30, 1962) is an American television personality, celebrity chef, author, actor, and cinematographer. He is the creator and host of the Food Network television show Good Eats, the mini-series Feasting on Asphalt and Feasting on Waves, and host and main commentator on Iron Chef America. Brown is also the author of several books on cookery.
He brings a knowledge and enthusiasm for the science of cooking and food and a humorous approach to his shows. Bon Appétit magazine named him "Cooking Teacher of the Year" in 2004. He was named "Best Food Guru" by Atlanta magazine in 2005. In 2011, he won the James Beard Award for Best TV Food Personality.
Brown was born in Los Angeles, California, United States. He was in the Boy Scouts. He received a degree in drama from the University of Georgia. He began his career in cinematography and film production.
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, he was the cinematographer for several music videos, including The One I Love by R.E.M..

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Anastasios Katsabis
Anastasios Katsabis (born 30 July 1973) is a former Greek football player, who lastly played for Iraklis Thessaloniki F.C. in Greek Super League as a centre back. Katsabis started his career as a midfielder, but when at PAOK, Angelos Anastasiadis tried him as a centre back because of his height. It was by playing his new position that he gained his first call-up in the Ethniki.
Katsabis started his career in the amateur club of Iraklis Neo Irakleio. In 1992 he got transferred to the semi-professional club Acharnaikos, at that time playing in the Delta Ethniki. Katsabis assisted the club to achieve its promotion to the Gamma Ethniki by scoring 6 goals. In the next season Katsabis was an automatic choice in the starting 11 of Acharnaikos missing just one match out of 34 and scoring 7 goals. His good performances attracted the attention of Alpha Ethniki club Panionios that signed him in the summer of 1994.
Katsabis was titular in Panionios from his first season in the club. In the 1994–95 season he played in 29 matches and scored 2 goals, helping Panionios to avoid relegation. In his second season for the club he featured in 30 matches and scored 3 goals, but Panionios suffered relegation to the Beta Ethniki. Panionios was a firm favorite for promotion in the next season, and Katsabis propelled the club to winning the Betta Ethniki championship by scoring 11 goals in 31 games. The next season was the best of the club since years as the club won the Greek Cup. Katsabis was in the starting 11 of the final. In the league he featured in 28 matches and scored 5 goals. After the Greek Cup success Katsabis along with other teammates (Vokolos, Nalitzis, Fyssas), attracted the attention of the top clubs in Greece. He finally signed for PAOK in the summer transfer window of 1998.

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Andre Noble
Andre Clarence Noble (February 21, 1979 – July 30, 2004) was a Canadian television and film actor. He was born in Centreville, Newfoundland and Labrador and studied acting at Sir Wilfred Grenfell College in Corner Brook, Newfoundland and Labrador from 1997-2001. He moved to Toronto, Ontario in 2001 to pursue his career in acting. In his short time living there he appeared in several films, television roles and stage productions and even co-founded a theatre group called The Young Company.
He was considered a rising star on the strength of his first starring role, in the Canadian romantic drama Sugar, based on short stories by Bruce La Bruce and directed by John Palmer. However, just weeks after the film's debut, Noble died of aconitine poisoning after eating some monkshood while on a hike with his aunt in Newfoundland. He fell ill at her home in Centreville, Newfoundland and Labrador, then died later in hospital. In his memory, Noble's friends and family set up a scholarship fund in his name for the Theatre Department at the Sir Wilfred Grenfell College School of Fine Arts.

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Anita Hill
Anita Faye Hill (born July 30, 1956) is an American attorney and academic—presently a professor of social policy, law and women's studies at Brandeis University's Heller School for Social Policy and Management. She became a national figure in 1991 when she alleged that U.S. Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas had made harassing sexual statements when he was her supervisor at the U.S. Department of Education and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Though Thomas was confirmed and took a seat on the Court, Hill's testimony focused national attention on the issue of workplace sexual harassment.
Hill was born in Morris, Oklahoma, the youngest of the thirteen children of Albert and Erma Hill, who were farmers. Her family hailed from Arkansas, where her great-grandparents and her maternal grandfather, Henry Eliot, were born into slavery. Hill was raised in the Baptist faith.
After graduating as valedictorian from Morris High School, Hill enrolled at Oklahoma State University, receiving a bachelor's degree with honors, in psychology 1977. She went on to Yale Law School, obtaining her Juris Doctor degree with honors in 1980.

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Anna Panayiotopoulou
Anna Panayiotopoulou (Greek: Άννα Παναγιωτοπούλου; born July 30, 1947) is a famous Greek actress that has starred in many series, films and theatrical plays.
She became famous after starring in the Greek series Madame Sousou in 1986.
A major hit of her career was starring as one of the three Haritou sisters, Olga, in the Greek hit series Oi Treis Harites during 1990-1992.
In 1993 she wrote and starred in the series Rosalia along with Eleni Gerasimidou. The series due to low ratings lasted only 1 season.
In 1995 she starred in another successful series Ntoltse Vita as Christina Markatou. In the series co-starred Katiana Balanika playing her best friend Sassa Papadima. The series draw high ratings and lasted 2 seasons.
Anna Panayiotopoulou has also enjoyed a successful film career, having appeared in several commercially and critically successful films such as Safe Sex (1999) and To Klama Vgike Apo ton Paradiso (Crying... Silicon Tears) (2001).

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Anne Armstrong
Anne Legendre Armstrong (December 27, 1927 – July 30, 2008) was a United States diplomat and politician, and the first female Counselor to the President; she served in that capacity under both the Ford and Nixon administrations. She was also the recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
She was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, and graduated from Vassar College in 1949. In 1950, she married Tobin Armstrong and moved to Kenedy County, Texas. From 1966 to 1968, she was the vice chairman of the Texas Republican Party. From 1971 to 1973 she was Co-chairman of the Republican National Committee, and she was the keynote speaker at the 1972 Republican National Convention. (She was the first woman from either major party to keynote at a national convention). In 1973, a young Karl Rove, then on his way to becoming the chairman of the College Republicans, suggested in a memorandum to Armstrong that the Republican Party show nonpolitical films (such as John Wayne movies and Reefer Madness) at College Republican clubs as part of a strategy to raise support for the party among students and for fundraising.

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Anton Fink
Anton Fink (born 30 July 1987 in Dachau) is a German footballer who currently plays for Chemnitzer FC.
Fink began his career at a young age playing for SC Maisach. At the age of 9, he joined the youth system of 1860 Munich. Ten years later, he played his first senior games for The Lions' reserve team. After two more years in Munich, Fink signed his first professional contract, with SpVgg Unterhaching. He became an integral part of the team, and was the top goalscorer in the inaugural season of the 3. Fußball-Liga. In the summer of 2009, he joined 2. Bundesliga side Karlsruher SC. He spent the first six months of 2011 on loan at 3. Liga side VfR Aalen. In January 2012, he transferred to Chemnitzer FC.

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Anton Schwarzkopf
Anton Schwarzkopf (8 July 1924 – 30 July 2001) was a German engineer of amusement rides, and founder of the Schwarzkopf Industries company, which built numerous rides and large roller coasters for both amusement parks and travelling funfairs.
Anton Schwarzkopf was introduced into the industry with his father's involvement with the design of specialized trailers used to transport circus equipment. The company eventually transitioned into creating amusement rides. In 1960, Schwarzkopf took over his father's company leading to the creation of his first actual roller coaster, The Wildcat, in 1964. Schwarzkopf also designed the first launched roller coaster in the world by means of weight-drop technology, King Kobra at Kings Dominion in Virginia. This coaster was later moved to Alton Towers, where it became well known as Thunder Looper. After its third move, it now resides at Hopi Hari in Brazil as Katapul.
Schwarzkopf Industries grew rapidly with the vast support of various customers praising the company's creations. Outside of Germany, the company was represented by the Intamin firm; and as a result, many older rides credited to Intamin were actually designed and created by Schwarzkopf.

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Bill Cartwright
James William "Bill" Cartwright (born July 30, 1957) is a retired American NBA basketball player and a former head coach with the Chicago Bulls. A 7'1" (2.16 m) center, he played 16 seasons for the New York Knicks, Chicago Bulls and Seattle SuperSonics, helping the Bulls capture consecutive championships in 1991, 1992 and 1993. He attended Elk Grove High School in Elk Grove, California, and played college basketball at the University of San Francisco.
As a prep star, Cartwright was just as highly regarded as fellow preps Darryl Dawkins and Bill Willoughby.^{[citation needed]}
Cartwright played his college ball at the San Francisco, and was a consensus second team all-American in 1977 and 1979. He graduated as the all-time leading scorer for the Dons, averaging 19.1 points and 10.2 rebounds per game. Cartwright led San Francisco to three trips to the NCAA tournament, to the first round in the 1977 and to the Sweet Sixteen in both 1978 and 1979. [1]
Cartwright was the third overall pick in the 1979 NBA Draft selected by the New York Knicks. As a member of the Knicks, he made his only All-Star Game appearance in his rookie year of 1979-80. Cartwright averaged more than 20 points per game in his first two seasons for the Knicks. His playing time decreased during his time in New York, initially due to injury (he suffered four separate fractures to his left foot)^{[citation needed]} and then due to the arrival of number-one pick Patrick Ewing which changed Cartwright's role to that of a backup center.

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Brenda Marshall
Brenda Marshall (September 29, 1915 – July 30, 1992) was an American film actress.
Born Ardis Ankerson in Negros, Philippines, Marshall made her first film appearance in the 1939 Espionage Agent. The following year, she played the leading lady to Errol Flynn in The Sea Hawk. After divorcing actor Richard Gaines in 1940, she married the actor William Holden in 1941 and her own career quickly slowed. She starred opposite James Cagney in the 1942 film Captains of the Clouds. The Constant Nymph (1943) was a popular success but she virtually retired after this, appearing in only four more inconsequential films. Among these, she played scientist Nora Goodrich in the grade-B 1946 cult classic Strange Impersonation.
She was born Ardis Ankerson on September 29, 1915, in Negros, Philippines. Ardis Ankerson attended Texas Woman's College for her freshman and sophomore years, 1934-1935. She was named the Freshman Class Beauty in 1934, chosen by modern dancer Ted Shawn.
Brenda Marshall was her stage name but she refused to use the name off-camera and insisted that her friends call her by her real name. First married to actor Richard Gaines (born July 23, 1904 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, died July 20, 1975 in North Hollywood, California), they had one daughter, Virginia. The couple divorced in 1940. In 1941, Marshall married actor William Holden, who subsequently adopted Virginia Gaines. Marshall and Holden had two additional children: Scott Porter Holden (born May 2, 1946, died January 21, 2005, of lung cancer in San Diego, California) and Peter Westfield Holden (born November 17, 1943). After several separations, Marshall and Holden were divorced in 1971. Marshall died from throat cancer in Palm Springs, California, at the age of 76.

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Bud Selig
Allan Huber "Bud" Selig /ˈsiːlɨɡ/ (born July 30, 1934) is the ninth and current Commissioner of Major League Baseball, having served in that capacity since 1992 as the acting commissioner, and as the official commissioner since 1998. Selig oversaw baseball through the 1994 strike, the introduction of the wild card, interleague play, and the merging of the National and American leagues under the Office of the Commissioner. He was instrumental in organizing the World Baseball Classic in 2006. Selig also introduced revenue sharing. He is credited for the financial turnaround of baseball during his tenure with a 400 percent increase in the revenue of MLB and annual record breaking attendance. Selig enjoys a high level of support from baseball owners, but has been widely decried by both the MLB Players' Union for his policies and by the general public for presiding over the game during one of its most contentious periods.^{[citation needed]}Jerome Holtzman, Major League Baseball's official historian from 1999 until his death in 2008, believed Selig to be the best commissioner in baseball history.

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Buddy Guy
George "Buddy" Guy (born July 30, 1936) is an American blues guitarist and singer. Critically acclaimed, he is a pioneer of the Chicago blues sound and has served as an influence to some of the most notable musicians of his generation. "A key influence on Eric Clapton, Jimi Hendrix and Stevie Ray Vaughan, Buddy Guy put the Louisiana hurricane in 1960s electric Chicago blues as a member of Muddy Waters' band and as a house guitarist at Chess Records. A native of the Baton Rouge area, he combined a blazing modernism with a fierce grip on his roots, playing frantic leads heavy with swampy funk on Howlin' Wolf's 'Killing Floor' and Koko Taylor's 'Wang Dang Doodle' as well as on his own Chess sides and the fine series of records he made with harp man Junior Wells. One of the last active connections to the golden age of Chess, Guy still plays with his original fire."
Ranked thirtieth in Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time", Guy is known for his showmanship on stage: playing his guitar with drumsticks or strolling into the audience while playing solos. His song "Stone Crazy" was ranked seventy-eighth in list of the 100 Greatest Guitar Songs of All Time also of Rolling Stone.

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Buffalo Bob Smith
Buffalo Bob Smith (born Robert Emil Schmidt; November 27, 1917 – July 30, 1998) was the host of the children's show Howdy Doody.
Born in Buffalo, New York, he attended Masten Park High School. Buffalo Bob got his start in radio in Buffalo. He started at WGR (AM) but switched from WGR to WBEN's late morning radio slot in 1943, as part of a move which also brought Clint Buehlman's early morning show over from WGR to WBEN at the same time. (The WBEN morning slot had opened when its host, future NBC-TV personality Jack Paar, was drafted into the military.) WBEN was seeking to break WGR's #1 position in local popularity and shaking the position of network-fed Don McNeil's Breakfast Club's grip on ratings for the 9am time slot was an important part of the plan. WBEN first brought Clint Buehlman's popular early morning show, which ended at 9am, followed by 15 minutes of local news, over from WGR. Then, Buffalo Bob appeared at 9.15am. Within a period of time, Smith had won the #1 spot in late mornings for WBEN and McNeil tumbled to second in the Buffalo market. Both Buehlman's and Smith's shows were produced by Ed Huber. Smith's popularity in Buffalo won the attention of NBC, which brought him to New York after the war to host early mornings on flagship station WNBC, a post he held through the early 1950s before concentrating on television. For a time between 1947 and 1953 he appeared mornings on WNBC even while hosting and producing the daily Howdy Doody children's show on the NBC television network in late afternoons.

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Carlos Arroyo
Carlos Alberto Arroyo Bermúdez (born July 30, 1979 in Fajardo) is a Puerto Rican professional basketball point guard who plays for Beşiktaş Milangaz in Turkey. Arroyo is the fifth player from Puerto Rico to play in the NBA. In the 2008–09 season, he played for Maccabi Tel Aviv in the Israeli Basketball Super League, winning the league's championship and being named the final's Most Valuable Player.
Arroyo has played in the NBA, NCAA, and the National Superior Basketball League of Puerto Rico (BSN) with the Fajardo Cariduros and Cangrejeros de Santurce. Arroyo has also played internationally in Spain. Arroyo was a member of the Puerto Rican National Basketball Team that defeated the United States at the 2004 Olympic Basketball Tournament. He also represented Puerto Rico at the 2006 FIBA World Championship in Japan.
Arroyo began his career in the National Superior Basketball League of Puerto Rico, where he debuted with the Fajardo Cariduros and subsequently played for the Cangrejeros de Santurce, where he was a teammate of then starting center of the Puerto Rico National Basketball Team, José Ortiz. During his participation with the team the Crabbers won four consecutive national titles in 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001 and 2003, winning five league championships in six years.

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Casey Stengel
Charles Dillon "Casey" Stengel (/ˈstɛŋɡəl/; July 30, 1890 – September 29, 1975), nicknamed "The Old Perfessor", was an American Major League Baseball outfielder and manager. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1966.
Stengel was born in Kansas City, Missouri, and originally nicknamed "Dutch", a common nickname at that time for Americans of German ancestry. After his major league career began, he acquired the nickname "Casey", which originally came from the initials of his hometown ("K. C."), which evolved into "Casey", influenced by the wide popularity of the poem Casey at the Bat. In the 1950s, sportswriters dubbed him with yet another nickname, "The Old Professor" (or "Perfessor"), for his sharp wit and his ability to talk at length on anything baseball-related.
Although his baseball career spanned a number of teams and cities, he is primarily associated with clubs in New York City. Between playing and managing, he is the only man to have worn four of New York's major league clubs' uniforms. He was the first of four men (through the 2010 season) to manage both the New York Yankees and New York Mets; Yogi Berra, Dallas Green, and Joe Torre are the others. Like Torre, he also managed the Braves and the Dodgers. He ended his baseball career as the beloved manager for the then expansion New York Mets, which won over the hearts of New York partly due to the unique character of their veteran leader.

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Chaim Aronson
Chaim Aronson (July 30, 1825 – April 22, 1893) was an inventor and memoirist. He was a Lithuanian Jew who lived during the time when Lithuania belonged to Tsarist Russia.
Aronson is mostly remembered today for his memoirs, which were published long after his death in a book entitled A Jewish Life under the Tsars, which he wrote in Hebrew.
Aronson was born in the town of Serednik (now Seredžius) in the province of Lithuania to a poor, rural, family. He showed unusual intelligence at a very early age and reportedly had learned to read Hebrew by the age of two. Before his twenties, he was an accomplished (but not certified) Jewish scholar. He also learned German and Russian and achieved a high level of fluency in these languages.
Aronson was a talented engineer, although he had had no formal education in this field. He first became a clockmaker and, later, an inventor. His early successes were such that he soon moved his business to the Russian capital, St. Petersburg, where factory owners and investors might be interested in his inventions.

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Charles Chiniquy
Charles P. Chiniquy (30 July 1809 – 16 January 1899) was a Canadian Catholic priest who left the Catholic Church and became a Presbyterian pastor. He is known for his writings and sermons against the Roman Catholic Church. In the period between 1885 and 1899 he was the focus of a great deal of discussion in the United States of America. During the 1880s his conspiracy theories included the claim to have exposed the Jesuits as the assassins of President Abraham Lincoln, and that, if unchecked, the Jesuits could eventually politically rule the United States.
Chiniquy was born in 1809 in the village of Kamouraska, Quebec. He lost his father at an early age and was adopted by his uncle. As a young man, Chiniquy studied to become a Catholic priest at the Petit Seminaire (Little Seminary) in Nicolet, Quebec. He was ordained a Catholic priest in 1833. After his ordination, he served his Church in Quebec and later emigrated to Illinois. During the 1840s, he led a very successful campaign throughout Quebec against alcohol and drunkenness.

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Charlie Absolom
Charles Alfred Absolom (7 June 1846 – 30 July 1889) played cricket for Cambridge University, Kent and England in the period from 1866 to 1879.
Absolom was born at Blackheath, Kent, the son of Edward Absolom. He was educated at a school in Calne, Wiltshire and at Trinity College, Cambridge and was awarded cricket and athletics Blues at Cambridge University. He was nicknamed "Cambridge Navvy", presumably because of his physique. In 18 matches for the university he took over 100 wickets, and played in the Varsity Match in 1866, 1867, 1868 and 1869. He took 27 wickets in the four matches and was on the winning Cambridge side in 1868 and 1869. He played several games for Gentlemen vs Players and in 1868 started playing for Kent. After Cambridge he enrolled at Inner Temple but did not complete his law studies.
As an amateur cricketer, Absolom toured Australia with Lord Harris's team in 1878/9 and played in the only Test of that tour. Although selected as a bowler, his main performance was with the bat. After Australia's "demon bowler" Fred Spofforth had taken a hat-trick which helped reduce the English team to 26 for 7, Absolom came in and made 52. However, he was not one of the seven Englishmen to bowl in the Australian innings. Australia went on to win the game by 10 wickets.

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Cherie Priest
Cherie Priest (born 30 July 1975) is an American novelist and blogger living in Seattle, Washington.
Priest is a Florida native, born in Tampa in 1975. She graduated from Forest Lake Academy in Apopka, Florida in 1993. She moved around quite a bit as a child of an Army father, living in many places such as Florida, Texas, Kentucky, and Tennessee. She moved around regularly until college. In 2001 she left the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga with an M.A. in Rhetoric/Professional writing, and in 1998 she graduated with a B.A. from Southern Adventist University in Collegedale, Tennessee. Priest lived in Chattanooga, Tennessee for twelve years and it is there she both set her Eden Moore series and wrote the first two books.Martini, Adrienne (October 17, 2007). "Bringing Out the Undead:Cherie Priest's Eden Moore Novels Are Perfect Complements To An October Night". Boston's City Paper. http://www2.citypaper.com/arts/story.asp?id=14663. Retrieved February 23, 2012. She currently resides in Seattle, Washington with her husband Aric Annear.

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Christine Taylor
Christine Taylor-Stiller (born Christine Joan Taylor; July 30, 1971) is an American actress.
Taylor was born in Allentown, Pennsylvania, the daughter of Joan, a homemaker, and Skip Taylor, an owner of a security company. She grew up in neighboring Wescosville, Pennsylvania. Taylor has a brother, Brian, and attended Allentown Central Catholic High School.
Taylor began her acting career in 1989 at the age of 18 on the Nickelodeon children's television series Hey Dude where she played the lifeguard Melody Hanson. She continued in that role through 1991 while making various guest appearances on other programs. In 1995, Taylor was cast as Marcia Brady in The Brady Bunch Movie and later in A Very Brady Sequel.
Following The Brady Bunch Movie, Taylor's career advanced, highlighted by several comedic guest appearances on Ellen, landing the lead role in the television series Party Girl, based on the 1995 film of the same name, and more guest appearances on Seinfeld and Friends. She also played Drew Barrymore's cousin, Holly Sullivan, in the 1998 comedy The Wedding Singer.

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Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus (before 31 October 1451 – 20 May 1506) was an explorer, colonizer, and navigator, born in the Republic of Genoa, in what is today northwestern Italy. Under the auspices of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, he completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean that led to general European awareness of the American continents. Those voyages, and his efforts to establish permanent settlements in the island of Hispaniola, initiated the process of Spanish colonization, which foreshadowed the general European colonization of what became known as the "New World".
In the context of emerging western imperialism and economic competition between European kingdoms seeking wealth through the establishment of trade routes and colonies, Columbus's speculative proposal to reach the East Indies by sailing westward received the support of the Spanish crown, which saw in it a promise, however remote, of gaining the upper hand over rival powers in the contest for the lucrative spice trade with Asia. During his first voyage in 1492, instead of reaching Japan as he had intended, Columbus landed in the Bahamas archipelago, at a locale he named San Salvador. Over the course of three more voyages, Columbus visited the Greater and Lesser Antilles, as well as the Caribbean coast of Venezuela and Central America, claiming them for the Spanish Empire.

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Christopher Nolan
Christopher Jonathan James Nolan (/ˈnoʊlən/; born 30 July 1970), also known as Chris Nolan is a British/American film director, screenwriter and producer.
He received serious notice after his second feature Memento (2000), which he wrote and directed based on a story idea by his brother, Jonathan Nolan. Jonathan went to co-write later scripts with him, including the Batman series and The Prestige. He also first collaborated with Wally Pfister, who would photograph all his subsequent films. After directing Insomnia (2002), Nolan pitched an idea for a reboot of the Batman film franchise to Warner Bros., eventually making a successful trilogy consisting of Batman Begins (2005), The Dark Knight (2008) and The Dark Knight Rises (2012).
Inception (2010) was an original screenplay by Nolan, a heist film set in the world of "shared dreaming." Nolan co-founded Syncopy Films with his wife, Emma Thomas, and they have produced all his films since The Prestige (2006).
Nolan has also worked with screenwriter David S. Goyer, film editor Lee Smith, composers David Julyan and Hans Zimmer, special effects coordinator Chris Corbould, and actors Christian Bale, Cillian Murphy, Jeremy Theobald, Tom Hardy, Ken Watanabe, and Michael Caine.

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Clarence Thomas
Clarence Thomas (born June 23, 1948) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Succeeding Thurgood Marshall, Thomas is the second African American to serve on the Court.
Thomas grew up in Savannah, Georgia and was educated at the College of the Holy Cross and at Yale Law School. In 1974, he was appointed an Assistant Attorney General in Missouri and subsequently practiced law there in the private sector. In 1979, he became a legislative assistant to Missouri United States Senator John Danforth and in 1981 was appointed Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights at the U.S. Department of Education. In 1982, President Ronald Reagan appointed Thomas Chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC); he served in that position until 1990, when President George H. W. Bush nominated him for a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.
On July 1, 1991, after 16 months of service as a judge, Thomas was nominated by Bush to fill Marshall's seat on the United States Supreme Court. Thomas's confirmation hearings were bitter and intensely fought, centering on an accusation that he had made unwelcome sexual comments to attorney Anita Hill, a subordinate at the Department of Education and subsequently at the EEOC. The U.S. Senate ultimately confirmed Thomas by a vote of 52–48.

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Claudette Colbert
Claudette Colbert (/koʊlˈbɛər/; 13 September 1903 – 30 July 1996) was an American actress of stage and film.
Born in Paris, France, and raised in New York City, Colbert began her career in Broadway productions during the 1920s, progressing to film with the advent of talking pictures. She established a successful film career with Paramount Pictures, and was recognized as one of the leading female exponents of screwball comedy. Colbert was the highest paid actress in American cinema during late 1930s, and later became a freelance performer. She won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her comedic performance in It Happened One Night (1934), and also received Academy Award nominations for her dramatic roles in Private Worlds (1935) and Since You Went Away (1944).
Colbert's film career declined in the 1950s, and finished in 1961. Later in life, she returned to theater, except brief appearances in television. Her intermittent career lasted more than six decades. She moved in later life to Barbados, where she died at the age of 92, following a series of strokes.

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Clint Hurdle
Clinton Merrick Hurdle (born July 30, 1957, in Big Rapids, Michigan) is a former Major League Baseball outfielder whose 10-year career was spent with the Kansas City Royals, Cincinnati Reds, New York Mets, and St. Louis Cardinals. After retiring from playing baseball, Hurdle became a manager. His eight seasons with the Colorado Rockies included leading his 2007 club to the franchise's first National League pennant. On November 14, 2010, Hurdle was hired as the manager of the Pittsburgh Pirates.
Clint Hurdle is named for his father, Clinton, who played collegiate baseball for Ferris State University. When Hurdle was 4 years old, the family moved from Michigan to Florida so his father could take a job at the Kennedy Space Center. Hurdle is a 1975 graduate of Merritt Island High School in Merritt Island, Florida.
Hurdle is married to third wife Karla and has three children; daughter Madison (who was born in 2002 and has Prader-Willi Syndrome), son Christian (who was born in 2004), and daughter Ashley (who was born in 1985 and is from a previous marriage).

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Clive Sinclair
Sir Clive Marles Sinclair (born 30 July 1940) is an English entrepreneur and inventor, most commonly known for his work in consumer electronics in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
After spending several years as assistant editor of Practical Wireless and Instrument Practice, Sinclair founded Sinclair Radionics in 1961, where he produced the first slim-line electronic pocket calculator in 1972 (the Sinclair Executive). Sinclair later moved into the production of home computers and produced the Sinclair ZX80, the UK's first mass-market home computer for less than GB£100, and later, with Sinclair Research, the ZX81 and ZX Spectrum; the latter is widely recognised for its importance in the early days of the British home computer industry. Sinclair stated in 2010 that he does not use computers himself, using the telephone in preference to email.
Knighted in 1983, Sinclair formed Sinclair Vehicles and released the Sinclair C5, a battery electric vehicle that was a commercial failure. Since then Sinclair has concentrated on personal transport, including the A-bike, a folding bicycle for commuters that weighs 5.5 kilograms (12 lb) and folds down small enough to be carried on public transport.

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Daley Thompson
Francis Morgan Ayodélé "Daley" Thompson CBE (born 30 July 1958), is a former decathlete from England. He won the decathlon gold medal at the Olympic Games in 1980 and 1984, and broke the world record for the event four times.
With four world records, two Olympic gold medals, three Commonwealth titles, and wins in the World and European Championships, Thompson is considered by many to be the greatest decathlete of all time. Robert Chalmers described him as "the greatest all-round athlete this country [Great Britain] has ever produced."
Thompson was born in Notting Hill, London, the second son of a Nigerian father and Scottish mother. His father was a taxi driver who was shot dead in Streatham when Thompson was about twelve. At seven years old Thompson was sent to Farney Close Boarding School, Bolney, Sussex, which he described as "a place for troubled children". Thompson's name is a contraction of Ayodele, a Yoruba word meaning "joy comes home". Thompson's first ambition was to become a professional footballer, but he later switched his interests to athletics.

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Daniel Fredheim Holm
Daniel Fredheim Holm (born 30 July 1985 in Oslo) is a Norwegian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Rosenborg BK in the Norwegian Premier League. He is the half-brother of former Vålerenga colleague Thomas Holm, and the son of former footballer Paal Fredheim.
Fredheim-Holm was transferred from Skeid to Vålerenga in the spring of 2004, for NOK 1,5 million. In his first season in the Norwegian Premier League, he scored five goals. He was also one of the Cup Final heroes, alongside "Moa", when Vålerenga defeated Stabæk in the 2008 final, to become Norwegian champions.
On 9 July 2009, it was announced that Fredheim-Holm would leave Vålerenga for Danish side Aalborg.
On 20 January 2011, Fredheim Holm was sold to Rosenborg BK.
He received his first call up in March, 2007 against Bosnia and Herzegovina and Turkey, and played in the match against Turkey.

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Daniel Georg Morhof
Daniel Georg Morhof (February 6, 1639 – July 30, 1691) was a German writer and scholar.
He was born at Wismar. He first studied jurisprudence and then literae humaniores at the University of Rostock, where his elegant Latin versification procured for him in 1660 the chair of poetry. In 1665 he moved to the University of Kiel as professor of eloquence and poetry; this chair he exchanged for that of history in 1673. He died at Lübeck.
Of his numerous writings, the most important are Unterricht von der deutschen Sprache und Poesie (1682), the first attempt in Germany at a systematic survey of European literature, and Polyhistor, sive de auctorum notitia et rerum commentarii (Lübeck, 1688, not completed till 1707; 4th ed., 1747), a kind of encyclopaedia of the knowledge and learning of his time.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

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Dave Winfield
David Mark Winfield (born October 3, 1951) is an American former Major League Baseball outfielder. He is currently Executive Vice President/Senior Advisor of the San Diego Padres and an analyst for the ESPN program Baseball Tonight. Over his 22-year career, he played for six teams: the San Diego Padres, New York Yankees, California Angels, Toronto Blue Jays, Minnesota Twins, and Cleveland Indians. In 2004, ESPN named him the third-best all-around athlete of all time in any sport. He is a member of both the Baseball Hall of Fame and the College Baseball Hall of Fame.
Winfield was born the same day Bobby Thomson hit his pennant-winning home run for the New York Giants, known as "the shot heard 'round the world", and grew up in St. Paul, Minnesota. His parents divorced when he was three years old, leaving him and his older brother Stephen to be raised by their mom, Arline, and a huge extended family of aunts, uncles, grandparents, cousins and mentors.
The Winfield brothers honed their athletic skills in St. Paul's Oxford playground, where coach Bill Peterson was one of the first to take the young Winfield under his wing. It wasn't until his senior year in high school that Winfield became a formidable 6'6" athlete.

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David Sanborn
David Sanborn (born July 30, 1945) is an American alto saxophonist. Though Sanborn has worked in many genres, his solo recordings typically blend jazz with instrumental pop and R&B. He released his first solo album Taking Off in 1975, but has been playing the saxophone since before he was in high school. Sanborn has also worked extensively as a session musician, notably on David Bowie's Young Americans (1975).
One of the most commercially successful American saxophonists to earn prominence since the 1980s, Sanborn is described by critic Scott Yannow as "the most influential saxophonist on pop, R&B, and crossover players of the past 20 years." Sanborn is often identified with radio-friendly smooth jazz However, Sanborn has expressed a disinclination for both the genre itself and his association with it.
Sanborn was born in Tampa, Florida, and grew up in Kirkwood, Missouri. He suffered from polio in his youth, and began playing the saxophone on a physician's advice to strengthen his weakened chest muscles and improve his breathing. Alto saxophonist Hank Crawford, at the time a member of Ray Charles' band, was an early and lasting influence on Sanborn. Sanborn performed with blues musicians Albert King and Little Milton at the age of 14, and continued playing blues when he joined Paul Butterfield's band in 1967, after attending the University of Iowa.

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David Scott
David Randolph Scott (born June 6, 1932) is an American engineer, test pilot, retired U.S. Air Force officer, and former NASA astronaut and engineer, who was one of the third group of astronauts selected by NASA in October 1963. As an astronaut, Scott became the seventh person to walk on the Moon.
Before becoming an astronaut, Scott graduated from the West Point Military Academy and joined the United States Air Force. Scott eventually retired from the Air Force in 1975 with the rank of Colonel, and more than 5600 hours of logged flying time.
As an astronaut, Scott made his first flight into space as pilot of the Gemini 8 mission along with Neil Armstrong in March 1966, spending just under eleven hours in Low Earth orbit. Scott then spent ten days in orbit as Command Module Pilot aboard Apollo 9, his second spaceflight, along with Commander James McDivitt and Lunar Module Pilot Rusty Schweickart. During this mission, Scott became the last American to fly solo in Earth orbit (not counting subsequent untethered EVAs). Scott made his third and final flight into space as commander of the Apollo 15 mission, the fourth human lunar landing, becoming the seventh person to walk on the Moon and the first person to drive on the Moon.

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Dean Edwards
Dean Sean Edwards (born July 30, 1970) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, singer, writer, voice artist, comedian, and musician whose trademark is a voice similar to Eddie Murphy.
Edwards' work as a voice actor includes Scottie Pippen and Spike Lee in Celebrity Deathmatch, a robot in Robotomy, and Donkey in Scared Shrekless after Eddie Murphy refused to reprise his role (which Edwards is also known for, and impersonated Murphy while providing the voice of Donkey). He also appeared in Saturday Night Live Weekend Update Halftime Special as Savion Glover and Don Cheadle, Tony N' Tina's Wedding as Father Mark, and The Sopranos.
On YouTube, Edwards currently has his own channel known as "deanedwardscomedy".
Edwards developed a reputation for working clean^{[clarification needed]} and taught classes in stand-up comedy technique.
Edwards is also a voice artist, having done voice work for Celebrity Deathmatch and Robotomy. He also did voice work for the audiobook version of Max Brooks' World War Z: An Oral History of the Zombie War.

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Delta Burke
Delta Ramona Leah Burke (born July 30, 1956) is an American television, stage and film actress, comedian, producer and author.
Burke best known for role as Suzanne Sugarbaker in the CBS comedy series Designing Women (1986-1991), for which she was nominated for two Emmy Awards for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series. In subsequent years she returned to television with a string of short-lived sitcoms, such as Delta (1992-1993), Women of the House (1995) and DAG (2000-2001). She has also produced and played roles in made-for-TV movies, appeared on movies like What Women Want, performed on Broadway productions and guest starred on television series, including Saturday Night Live, Boston Legal and many more.
Delta Ramona Leah Burke was born in Orlando, Florida to a single mother, Jean. Frederick Burke, an Orlando realtor, adopted her after marrying her mother; she has never met her biological father. She graduated from Colonial High School in 1974, and won the senior superlative "Most Likely to Succeed." In 1972 she won the Miss Flame crown from the Orlando Fire Department and went on to become State Miss Flame. In her senior year of high school, she won the Miss Florida title for 1974; she was the youngest Miss Florida titleholder in pageant history. She was subsequently paired with Miss Georgia, Gail Nelson, in the 1975 Miss America pageant. Burke won a talent scholarship from the Miss America Organization, allowing her to attend a two-year study program at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art.

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Diana Bolocco
Diana Catalina Bolocco Fonck (30 July 1977) is a journalist from Chile, known as sister of Cecilia Bolocco, Miss Universe 1987.
Bolocco was born in Santiago, Chile, to businessman Enzo Bolocco Cintolesi, of Italian descent, and Rose Marie Fonck Assler, of German descent. She attended primary and secondary school at Santiago College. His siblings are: Cecilia, John Paul, Veronica, and Rodrigo (1986).
Her first television appearance was at age 9 years. She also appeared in an advertisement for the cosmetics brand Pamela Grant.
On 26 November 1999, she married Gonzalo Cisternas, with whom she had two sons, Pedro and Gonzalo. After studying journalism at the Catholic University of Chile in 2001, she was part of her sister Cecilia's website, but the website was closed a year and a half later for lack of funds. She also worked on the production of the show La Noche de Cecilia, issued by Megavisión.
In 2006, she separated from her husband and decided to devote herself to television. She debuted on the program Locos por el baile (2006) from Channel 13, where she served as a reporter backstage and co-host of Sergio Lagos.

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Diana Vickers
Diana Vickers (born 30 July 1991) is an English singer-songwriter, stage actress and fashion designer who initially came to public attention as a semi-finalist on the fifth series of British talent show The X Factor in 2008. In January 2009 Vickers signed a record deal with RCA Records and after touring with her fellow finalists from The X Factor until March 2009, began work on her debut album, Songs from the Tainted Cherry Tree, until September 2009.
From October 2009 to January 2010 Vickers played the title role in a West End revival of The Rise and Fall of Little Voice for which she won the award for "London Newcomer of the Year" at the Theatregoers' Choice Awards. Vickers' debut single, "Once", charted at number one on the UK Singles Chart after its release on 19 April 2010 and has sold over 204,000 copies in the United Kingdom. Vickers' debut album was released on 3 May 2010 in the United Kingdom achieving number one status on the UK Albums Chart, number seven on the Irish Albums Chart and number four on the European Top 100 Albums, and has been certified Gold by the BPI. '

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Dick Wilson
Dick Wilson, born Riccardo DiGuglielmo (30 July 1916 – 19 November 2007), was a British-born character actor who played the role of finicky grocery store manager Mr. (George) Whipple in over 500 Charmin toilet paper television commercials (1965–1989, 1999).
Dick Wilson was born in Preston, Lancashire, England to an Italian father, Aldo DiGuglielmo, and an English mother, Victoria Wilson. His father performed in vaudeville; his mother was a singer. In late 1916, his father moved the family to Hamilton, Ontario, Canada where he spent his childhood in the Corktown district and on the Mountain, attending Queen Victoria and Sacred Heart Schools. He had a Hamilton Spectator newspaper route and got his start in show business with a part-time job at CHML radio in Hamilton at age fifteen. Not wanting to be typecast as Italian, DiGuglielmo anglicised his first name and took his mother's maiden name as a surname when performing.
Wilson graduated from the Ontario College of Art & Design and then became a comic dancer in vaudeville. He enlisted in the Royal Canadian Air Force early in World War II and served as a fighter pilot against the German Luftwaffe during the Battle of Britain in 1940. After the war, he moved to the United States, becoming an American citizen in 1954. He then worked as an acrobatic dancer in New York before heading to California in 1954 for film and TV work.

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Duck Baker
Duck Baker (born Richard R. Baker IV, July 30, 1949, in Washington D.C.) is an accomplished and influential American fingerstyle guitarist, who in his playing combines genres as varied as rags, blues, country, gospel, cajun, bluegrass, Celtic music, ballads and jazz, swing, New Orleans jazz and free jazz.
Baker grew up in Richmond, Virginia. As a teenager he played in rock and blues bands before becoming interested in acoustic blues. In the early seventies he moved to San Francisco, and was performing a wide range of material which can be heard on his first record on the Kicking Mule label, There's Something for Everyone In America. In addition to developing his solo style, he immersed himself in the local swing jazz scene and avant-garde jazz/improv scene.
In the late seventies Baker released four more records for Kicking Mule, including two devoted to jazz and a solo guitar record of Irish and Scottish music. He also began touring as a solo artist throughout North America, Western Europe and Australia. He eventually moved to Europe before returning to San Francisco in 1987. As of 2008, he resides in London, England.

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Edd Byrnes
Edd Byrnes (born July 30, 1933) is an American actor known for his starring role in the television series 77 Sunset Strip. He also was featured in the 1978 film Grease as television teen-dance show host, Vince Fontaine, and a single-charted recording artist with "Kookie, Kookie -- Lend Me Your Comb" (with Connie Stevens).
Born as Edward Byrne Breitenberger, he shared an impoverished and unhappy childhood in New York City with brother Vincent and sister Jo-Ann.^{[citation needed]} When he was 13, his father died. He then dropped his last name in favor of "Byrnes" based on the name of his maternal grandfather, a fireman.
His time enduring and most famous role was as Gerald Lloyd "Kookie" Kookson III, on the ABC television detective series 77 Sunset Strip. He played a continually hair-combing serial killer in the pilot, Girl on the Run, but he was so popular (a national teen sensation), as a result that the producers brought him back the following week as a regular cast member in the role of a chrome-plated hot rod driving, hipster-talking ("Kookie-talk") parking valet and sometime protege private investigator. Efrem Zimbalist, Jr. explained the situation to the audience:

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Edgar de Evia
Edgar Domingo Evia y Joutard, known professionally as Edgar de Evia (July 30, 1910 – February 10, 2003), was a Mexican-born American photographer.
In a career that spanned the 1940s through the 1990s, his photography appeared in magazines and newspapers such as Town & Country, House & Garden, Look and The New York Times Magazine and advertising campaigns for Borden Ice Cream, Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation, Jell-O among other corporations.
De Evia was born in Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico. His mother was Pauline Joutard (1890–1957), a French-born pianist who performed under the stage name Miirrha Alhambra. His father was Domingo Fernando Evia y Barbachano (1883–1977), a wealthy landowner who was a member of two families that have been prominent in the politics and culture of Yucatán since the mid 19th century, one of which, the Barbachanos, has been described as "one of the most powerful of Yucatán's oligarchy."
His great-grandfather Don Miguel Barbachano y Tarrazo (1806–1859) was a five-time governor of Yucatán and the patriarch of a clan that was instrumental in developing the Mexican resorts of Cozumel and Playas de Rosarito in Baja California Norte and in popularizing the ruins of Chichen Itza as a tourist attraction. Among his cousins was Manuel Barbachano Ponce, the Mexican film producer and director.

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Eleanor Smeal
Eleanor Smeal (born Eleanor Marie Cutri; July 30, 1939) is an American feminist activist, political analyst, lobbyist, and grassroots organizer. Smeal is also the president and founder of the Feminist Majority Foundation and has served as president of the National Organization for Women twice.
Smeal has appeared frequently on television and radio and testified before Congress on women’s issues. As one of the major leaders of the modern day feminist movement, Smeal has organized numerous events around and given speeches on the concepts of feminism, equality, and human rights as they pertain to people in and outside of the United States.
She is of Italian ancestry, born to Peter Anthony Cutri and Josephine E. Agresti, in Ashtabula, Ohio. Her father emigrated to America from Calabria, Italy and became an insurance salesman. After graduating from Strong Vincent High School in 1957, Smeal attended Duke University. At the time, Duke was not integrated and women made up only 25% of the enrolled students.

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Elvis Crespo
Elvis Crespo (born July 30, 1971), is a Puerto Rican-American Grammy and Latin Grammy Award-winning Merengue singer.
Crespo was born in New York City and was named "Elvis" after Elvis Presley. He was raised in the city of Guaynabo, Puerto Rico, where he spent his childhood and adolescent years.
He first gained fame in the mid-90s when he joined Grupo Mania, in Puerto Rico. Eventually he decided to try to go solo in 1998. His debut album, Suavemente was a hit, both in Latin America and in the US. The single "Suavemente" was a huge hit and eventually helped him earn the Best Male Tropical/Salsa Album of the Year from Billboard magazine. His album went platinum in the Venezuelan and Central American markets and gold in Chile. Released in 1998, Crespo's debut also earned a gold album for sales of over 500,000 copies in the first year after its release in the United States. "Suavemente" set a record for holding the top position on Billboard's Hot Latin Tracks chart for six weeks. Part of the song's success was its unexpected crossover appeal to English-speaking listeners, particularly in Miami and New York." His album was mostly merengue influenced, but his follow-up albums would venture from these roots eventually. Wow Flash! is Elvis Crespo's third solo recording for Sony Music. Elvis Crespo's latest album, Regresó el Jefe, went on sale on 5 June 2007, with its first single being "La Foto Se Me Borró." He dedicated this album to his niece, Wilmarie Agosto Crespo, who died in a car accident on March 28, 2007.

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Emily Brontë
Emily Jane Brontë ( /ˈbrɒnti/; 30 July 1818 – 19 December 1848) was an English novelist and poet, best remembered for her solitary novel, Wuthering Heights, now considered a classic of English literature. Emily was the third eldest of the four surviving Brontë siblings, between the youngest Anne and her brother Branwell. She published under the pen name Ellis Bell.
Emily Brontë was born on 30 July 1818 in Thornton, near Bradford in Yorkshire, to Maria Branwell and Patrick Brontë. She was the younger sister of Charlotte Brontë and the fifth of six children. In 1824, the family moved to Haworth, where Emily's father was perpetual curate, and it was in these surroundings that their literary gifts flourished.
After the death of their mother in 1821, when Emily was three years old, the older sisters Maria, Elizabeth and Charlotte were sent to the Clergy Daughters' School at Cowan Bridge, where they encountered abuse and privations later described by Charlotte in Jane Eyre. Emily joined the school for a brief period. When a typhus epidemic swept the school, Maria and Elizabeth caught it. Maria, who may actually have had tuberculosis, was sent home, where she died. Emily was subsequently removed from the school along with Charlotte and Elizabeth. Elizabeth died soon after their return home.

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Emperor Meiji
The Emperor Meiji (明治天皇, Meiji-tennō^?) (3 November 1852 – 30 July 1912) or Meiji the Great (明治大帝, Meiji-taitei^?) was the 122nd emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, reigning from 3 February 1867 until his death. He presided over a time of rapid change in Japan, as the nation rose from a feudal shogunate to become a world power.
His personal name was Mutsuhito (睦仁^?), and although outside of Japan he is sometimes called by this name or Emperor Mutsuhito, in Japan deceased emperors are referred to only by their posthumous names.
At the time of his birth in 1852, Japan was an isolated, pre-industrial, feudal country dominated by the Tokugawa Shogunate and the daimyo, who ruled over the country's more than 250 decentralized domains. By the time of his death in 1912, Japan had undergone a political, social, and industrial revolution at home (See Meiji Restoration) and emerged as one of the great powers on the world stage.
A detailed account of the state funeral in the New York Times concluded with an observation: "The contrast between that which preceded the funeral car and that which followed it was striking indeed. Before it went old Japan; after it came new Japan."

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Eunice Muñoz
Eunice Muñoz, OSE, GCIH (born July 30, 1928) is a Portuguese actress. She was born in Amareleja, Portugal.

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Fatima Jinnah
Fatima Jinnah English IPA: fətɪ̈mɑ d͡ʒinnəɦ, (Urdu: فاطمہ جناح; July 31, 1893 — July 9, 1967), was a dental surgeon, biographer, stateswoman, and one of the leading Founding mothers of modern-state of Pakistan, and was also the younger sister of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan.
Educated and obtaining the dental degree from Kolkata University, accompanied Muhammad Ali Jinnah, taking active participation in the politics, and was an influential political figure in the movement for independence from the British Indian Empire. After the declaration of the Pakistan Resolution in 1940, Fatima Jinnah was one of the influential and founding members of the Pakistan Movement, calling for independence of independent Muslims states into one national identity. During at this time, Fatima Jinnah also played a pivotal role in civil rights and introduced the women's rights movement in the Pakistan Movement. After the independence, Fatima Jinnah co-founded the Pakistan Women's Association (APWA), while significantly played an integral role in the settlement of the Urdu-speaking mass in the newly formed country.

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Fay Vincent
Francis Thomas "Fay" Vincent, Jr. (born May 29, 1938) is a former entertainment lawyer and sports executive who served as the eighth Commissioner of Major League Baseball from September 13, 1989 to September 7, 1992.
Vincent was an exceptional athlete as a young man, showing talent in track and field as well as football. However, his life changed forever when a near-fatal accident in college crushed one of his legs. He had been locked inside his Williams College dorm room as a prank; climbing out onto the roof to escape, he slipped off the ledge, which was four stories high. Suffering a crushed spine and paralyzed legs, Vincent spent three months in a form of traction. He overcame his initial diagnosis, which was that he would never walk. But Vincent's leg has never fully recovered and he has been relegated to the use of a cane.
Vincent is a graduate of The Hotchkiss School,Williams College, (class of 1960), which he attended on a full academic scholarship and from which graduated with honors, and Yale Law School (class of 1963).

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Frank Stallone
Frank P. Stallone, Jr. (born July 30, 1950) is an American actor, singer/guitarist and Golden Globe and Grammy Award-nominated songwriter. He has appeared in many Hollywood films and television. He is the younger brother of Sylvester Stallone.
Stallone was born in New York City. He is the younger brother of Sylvester Stallone and the son of Jacqueline "Jackie" Stallone (née Labofish), an astrologer, former dancer, and promoter of women's wrestling, and Frank Stallone, Sr., a hairdresser and an immigrant from Castellammare del Golfo (province of Trapani, Sicilia, Italy).
In his teen years he went to Lincoln High School in Northeast Philadelphia.^{[citation needed]} Frank Started his career around the time of high school singing on street corners and making money with his guitar.
Stallone has worked as a singer in the tradition of American big band jazz and popular music, in a vocal style reminiscent of his idol Frank Sinatra. He tours with his own orchestra under conductor Paul Vesco, and has also worked with conductors Sammy Nestico and Billy May. Stallone has released a number of albums, including Day In Day Out with Sammy Nestico (1991; A1 Records: FSTCD1) and "Close Your Eyes" with Billy May (1996; Coolnote).

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Gabrielle Christian
Gabrielle Christian (born Gabrielle Christine Horchler; July 30, 1984) is an American actress and singer best known for her portrayal of Spencer Carlin in The N original series South of Nowhere and her portrayal of Colby Robson in the web series Girltrash! and its musical prequel film Girltrash!: All Night Long. In addition, she has also guest starred on Drake & Josh, Windfall, Without a Trace, and What Should You Do?.
Christian was born Gabrielle Christine Horchler in Washington, D.C. to parents Gabe and Joani. She grew up in Cheverly, Maryland. She began performing in plays at age 12. She has four sisters (Gen, Steph, Jules, Ili). Christian acquired her first acting job while she still attending high school at Eleanor Roosevelt High School located in Greenbelt, Maryland, on the television series Young Americans. She studied one and half years of theater at the University of Pittsburgh, before relocating to Los Angeles, California after landing roles on several television series.

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George Pickett
George Edward Pickett (January 16, 25, or 28, 1825 – July 30, 1875) was a career United States Army officer who became a general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. He is best remembered for his participation in the futile and bloody assault at the Battle of Gettysburg that bears his name, Pickett's Charge.
Pickett was born in Richmond, Virginia, the first of the eight children of Robert and Mary Pickett, a prominent family of Old Virginia of English origins, and one of the "first families" of Virginia. He was the cousin of future Confederate general Henry Heth. He went to Springfield, Illinois, to study law, but at the age of 17 he was appointed to the United States Military Academy. Legend has it that Pickett's West Point appointment was secured for him by Abraham Lincoln, but this is largely believed to be a story circulated by his widow following his death. Lincoln, as an Illinois state legislator, could not nominate candidates, although he did give the young man advice after he was accepted; Pickett was actually appointed by Illinois Congressman John T. Stuart, a friend of Pickett's uncle and a law partner of Abraham Lincoln.

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George Steinbrenner
George Michael Steinbrenner III (July 4, 1930 – July 13, 2010) was an American businessman who was the principal owner and managing partner of Major League Baseball's New York Yankees. During Steinbrenner's 37-year ownership from 1973 to his death in July 2010, the longest in club history, the Yankees earned seven World Series titles and 11 pennants. His outspokenness and role in driving up player salaries made him one of the sport's most controversial figures. Steinbrenner was also involved in the Great Lakes shipping industry.
Known as a hands-on baseball executive, he earned the nickname "The Boss." He had a tendency to meddle in daily on-field decisions, and to hire and fire (and sometimes re-hire) managers. Former Yankees manager Dallas Green gave him the derisive nickname "Manager George."
He died after suffering a heart attack in his Tampa home on the morning of July 13, 2010, the day of the 81st All-Star Game.
Steinbrenner was born in Rocky River, Ohio, the only son of Rita (née Haley) and Henry George Steinbrenner II. His mother was an Irish immigrant who had changed her name from O'Haley to Haley. His father was of German descent and had been a world-class track and field hurdler while at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, from which he graduated in engineering in 1927, first in his class. The elder Steinbrenner later became a wealthy shipping magnate who ran the family firm operating freight ships hauling ore and grain on the Great Lakes. George III was named after his paternal grandfather, George Michael Steinbrenner II. Steinbrenner has two younger sisters, Susan and Judy.

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George Szell
George Szell ( /ˈsɛl/; June 7, 1897 – July 30, 1970), originally György Széll, György Endre Szél, or Georg Szell, was a Hungarian-born American conductor and composer. He is remembered today for his long and successful tenure as music director of the Cleveland Orchestra, and for the recordings of the standard classical repertoire he made in Cleveland and with other orchestras.
Szell came to Cleveland in 1946 to take over a respected if undersized orchestra, which was struggling to recover from the disruptions of World War II. By the time of his death he was credited, to quote the critic Donal Henahan, with having built it into "what many critics regarded as the world's keenest symphonic instrument." Through his recordings, Szell has remained a presence in the classical music world long after his death, and his name remains synonymous with that of the Cleveland Orchestra. While on tour with the Orchestra in the late 1980s, then-Music Director Christoph von Dohnányi remarked, "We give a great concert, and George Szell gets a great review."

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Gerald Moore
Gerald Moore CBE (30 July 1899 – 13 March 1987) was an English pianist best known for his career as one of the most in-demand accompanists of his day, accompanying many of the world's most famous musicians. Moore was born in Watford but received most of his musical education in Toronto, Canada, to which country his family emigrated when he was a child, and where he was an organist at St Thomas' Church, Huron Street, in Toronto.
He accompanied notable instrumentalists such as Pablo Casals and the child prodigy Josef Hassid, but is perhaps best remembered for his work with singers, with notable partnerships including Elisabeth Schwarzkopf, Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau, Victoria de los Ángeles, Elisabeth Schumann, Maggie Teyte and Kathleen Ferrier. He had a particular affinity for the art song (lieder) repertoire; the BBC has featured a number of his recordings in its Building a Library recommendations, including his 1961 recording of Schubert's Die Schöne Müllerin with Fischer-Dieskau and the 1958 Salzburg Festival recording of Wolf lieder with Schwarzkopf. He also gave lectures on stage and radio and wrote about music, publishing his much-admired memoir Am I Too Loud?: Memoirs of An Accompanist in 1962. He published two other volumes of autobiography: Farewell Recital: Further Memoirs (1978) and Furthermoore (1983), where he "looks back on great musicians he has known and admired".

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Giorgio Vasari
Giorgio Vasari (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdʒordʒo vaˈzari]; 30 July 1511 – 27 June 1574) was an Italian painter, writer, historian, and architect, who is famous today for his biographies of Renaissance artists, considered the ideological foundation of art-historical writing.
Vasari was born in Arezzo, Tuscany. Recommended at an early age by his cousin Luca Signorelli, he became a pupil of Guglielmo da Marsiglia, a skillful painter of stained glass. Sent to Florence at the age of sixteen by Cardinal Silvio Passerini, he joined the circle of Andrea del Sarto and his pupils Rosso Fiorentino and Jacopo Pontormo where his humanist education was encouraged. He was befriended by Michelangelo whose painting style would influence his own.
In 1529, he visited Rome and studied the works of Raphael and others of the Roman High Renaissance. Vasari's own Mannerist paintings were more admired in his lifetime than afterwards. In 1547 Vasari completes the hall of the chancery in Palazzo della Cancelleria in Rome with frescoes that received the name Sala dei Cento Giorni. He was consistently employed by patrons in the Medici family in Florence and Rome, and he worked in Naples, Arezzo and other places. Many of his pictures still exist, the most important being the wall and ceiling paintings in the great Sala di Cosimo I of the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence, where he and his assistants were at work from 1555, and the frescoes he started inside the vast cupola of the Duomo, completed by Federico Zuccari and with the help of Giovanni Balducci. He also helped organize the decoration of the Studiolo, now reassembled in the Palazzo Vecchio.

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Giovanna Bonanno
Giovanna Bonanno (c. 1713 – 30 July 1789) was an alleged Italian witch and professional poisoner.
Little is known of Giovanna Bonanno's early life, though she is believed to have been the same woman as Anna Panto, mentioned in 1744 as the wife of one Vincenzo Bonanno. She was a beggar in Palermo, Sicily in the reign of Domenico Caracciolo, Viceroy of Sicily (term 1781–1786). During her trial, she confessed to being a poisoner, and that she sold poison to women who wanted to murder their husbands. The typical client was a woman with a lover; she bought the first dose to give her husband stomach pains, the second to get him to hospital, and the third to kill him. The doctor was, in these cases, unable to ascertain the cause of the deaths. In the Ziza quarter in Palermo, several suspicious cases had occurred. The wife of a baker, a nobleman who had wasted his family's fortune, and another baker's wife (who was thought to have had an affair with a gardener) had all become ill.
One day, a friend of Bonanno, Maria Pitarra, was delivering a poison when she realized that the victim was to be the son of a friend, and decided to warn the mother. The mother made an order for the poison herself, and when Bonanno arrived, she was arrested. The trial opened in October 1788. Bonanno was accused of sorcery. Some of the apothecaries who were selling her potions were called to testify. She was executed by hanging on 30 July 1789.

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Graeme McDowell
Graeme McDowell MBE (born 30 July 1979) is a Northern Irish professional golfer who plays on both the PGA Tour and European Tour. He is well known for winning the 2010 U.S. Open at Pebble Beach where he ended a 40 year drought for Europeans at the tournament. McDowell has won seven events on the European Tour, including the 2010 U.S. Open which was also his first and only win on the PGA Tour. He has also represented Ireland at the World Cup and been a member of the European Ryder Cup team on two occasions.
Before turning professional, McDowell had a successful amateur career both in Ireland and in the United States, where he won many tournaments and was recognised as the most outstanding collegiate golfer in 2002. He also represented Ireland internationally and was a member of the triumphant Great Britain and Ireland Walker Cup team in 2001.
McDowell was born in Portrush, Northern Ireland. He has played with Rathmore Golf Club since he was eight or nine years old. His uncle, Uel Loughery, coached him there when he was younger. At the age of 14, McDowell played senior cup for Rathmore. He attended the University of Alabama at Birmingham from 1998 to 2002. In 2002, he won the Haskins Award, given to the most outstanding collegiate golfer in the United States. He won on six occasions that season, out of 12 college events. In 2001 he was a member of the Great Britain and Ireland team which retained the Walker Cup at Sea Island, Georgia, United States.

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Graham Nicholls
Graham Nicholls (born July 30, 1975 in London, England) is an author, artist and specialist on out of body experiences and spirituality. He speaks widely on issues around parapsychology, ethics and art at institutions ranging from the London Science Museum to the Cambridge Union Society.
Graham Nicholls was born in the Paddington district of central London into a working class family. He states that during his early life he was surrounded by crime and social problems, but that the influence of literature, art, science and spiritual philosophies helped him to look beyond the limitations of this environment.
Since the early 1990s he has developed artistic works which explore subjects such as sensory deprivation, hypnosis, and psi abilities. Nicholls had his first solo show at a gallery run by James Fuentes in New York City in July, 1999 and in 2004 developed many of his psychological ideas into an interactive virtual reality installation at London's Science Museum, much of which was based upon his life and locations from his childhood. Technology and science take a central role in his artistic output, his virtual web projects being considered internationally recognised by the Handbook of the economics of art and culture.

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Grant Johannesen
Grant Johannesen (July 30, 1921 – March 27, 2005) was an American concert pianist.
He was born in Salt Lake City and discovered at the age of five by an irate teacher who lived across the street. He imitated whatever he heard her play, and she did not appreciate it.
He studied with Robert Casadesus, Egon Petri, Roger Sessions, and Nadia Boulanger. He made his Manhattan recital debut when he was 23, and won the Concours International when he was 28.
He toured extensively, both with the New York Philharmonic under Dmitri Mitropoulos, and as a solo performer. His performances in Moscow were especially well received. He was once encored 16 times.
He was known as an interpreter of French piano music and recorded the complete piano works of Gabriel Fauré.
He served as director of the Cleveland Institute of Music from 1974 to 1985. He was a frequent soloist with both the Cleveland Orchestra and the Utah Symphony.
He was a National Patron of Delta Omicron, an international professional music fraternity.

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Henry Ford
Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 – April 7, 1947) was an American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production. His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry. As owner of the Ford Motor Company, he became one of the richest and best-known people in the world. Ford spent most of his life making headlines, good, bad, but never indifferent. Celebrated as both a technological genius and a folk hero, Ford was the creative force behind an industry of unprecedented size and wealth that in only a few decades permanently changed the economic and social character of the United States. He is credited with "Fordism": mass production of inexpensive goods coupled with high wages for workers. Ford had a global vision, with consumerism as the key to peace. His intense commitment to systematically lowering costs resulted in many technical and business innovations, including a franchise system that put dealerships throughout most of North America and in major cities on six continents. Ford left most of his vast wealth to the Ford Foundation but arranged for his family to control the company permanently.

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Henry Moore
Henry Spencer Moore OM CH FBA (30 July 1898 – 31 August 1986) was an English sculptor and artist. He was best known for his semi-abstract monumental bronze sculptures which are located around the world as public works of art.
His forms are usually abstractions of the human figure, typically depicting mother-and-child or reclining figures. Moore's works are usually suggestive of the female body, apart from a phase in the 1950s when he sculpted family groups. His forms are generally pierced or contain hollow spaces. Many interpreters liken the undulating form of his reclining figures to the landscape and hills of his birthplace, Yorkshire.
Moore was born in Castleford, the son of a coal miner. He became well-known through his carved marble and larger-scale abstract cast bronze sculptures, and was instrumental in introducing a particular form of modernism to the United Kingdom. His ability in later life to fulfill large-scale commissions made him exceptionally wealthy. Yet he lived frugally and most of the money he earned went towards endowing the Henry Moore Foundation, which continues to support education and promotion of the arts.

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Henry Simpson Lunn
Sir Henry Simpson Lunn (30 July 1859 – 18 March 1939) was an English humanitarian and religious figure, and also founder of Lunn Poly, one of the UK's largest travel companies.
Born in Horncastle, Lincolnshire, Lunn was raised as a devout Methodist and gained a place at Horncastle Grammar School. He attended Headingley College, Leeds, for instruction to become a church minister and was ordained in 1886. He also trained as a medical doctor at Trinity College, Dublin. His marriage to Mary Ethel Moore, the daughter of a canon, produced three sons, including alpine skiing pioneer Arnold Lunn and Hugh Kingsmill Lunn, and a daughter who predeceased him.
After one year of missionary service in India, he was forced to return in 1888 to Lincolnshire after contracting an illness. His criticism of the conditions for Methodist missionaries in India led him to conflict with his fellow ministers, and he sought to explore wider horizons. He concentrated on his religious belief of Christian unity and cooperation, which was a forerunner of the Ecumenical Movement. As such, he was the founder of the Co-operative Educational Tours in 1893 and organized meetings of predominantly English church leaders at the annual Grindelwald Reunion Conferences, between 1892 and 1896. In 1902, he organised his first inclusive tours at Adelboden and Wengen, Switzerland, which started the trend for British visitors to combine a religious/health retreat with winter sports. Many Anglican churches were established at fashionable winter resorts.

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Hervé de Charette
Hervé de Charette (born 30 July 1938 in Paris) is a French centrist politician. He is a descendant of the royalist military leader François de Charette. Member of the Union for French Democracy (UDF), he was elected deputy for the first time in 1986 as representative of the Maine-et-Loire département. During the first cohabitation, from 1986 to 1988, he served as Minister of Civil Service, then, during the second, from 1993 to 1995, as Minister of Housing. In the UDF, he remained faithful to the leader Valéry Giscard d'Estaing. Like him, and contrary to the most part of the UDF politicians, he supported the winning candidacy of Jacques Chirac in the 1995 presidential election and not that of Prime Minister Edouard Balladur. In this, after the campaign, he found and led the Popular Party for French Democracy (PPDF), a component of the UDF, and served as Minister of Foreign Affairs until the defeat of the Presidential Majority in the 1997 legislative election. In 2002, he joined the Union for a Popular Movement (Union pour un mouvement populaire or UMP). In December 2009, he left this party for the Nouveau Centre.

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Hilary Swank
Hilary Ann Swank (born July 30, 1974) is an American film actress. She has won the Academy Award for Best Actress twice, as Brandon Teena in Boys Don't Cry (1999) and as struggling waitress-turned-boxer Maggie Fitzgerald in Million Dollar Baby (2004). She also put in a notable performance in Insomnia, working alongside Al Pacino. Since 2003, Swank has also worked as an executive producer.
Swank was born in Lincoln, Nebraska. Her mother, Judy Kay (née Clough), was a secretary and dancer, and her father, Stephen Michael Swank, was an officer in the Air National Guard and later a traveling salesman. She has a brother, Daniel, who is eight years her senior. Her surname, originally Schwenk, is of German origin. Many of Swank's family members hail from Ringgold County, Iowa, and her maternal grandmother was of Spanish and Shoshone (Native American) ancestry. After having lived in Spokane, Washington, Swank's family moved to a trailer park near Lake Samish in Bellingham, Washington, when Swank was six.

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Howard Dietz
Howard Dietz (September 8, 1896 – July 30, 1983) was an American publicist, lyricist, and librettist.
Dietz was born in New York City and studied journalism at Columbia University. He also served as publicist/director of advertising for Goldwyn Pictures and later MGM and is often credited with creating Leo the Lion, its lion mascot, and choosing their slogan Ars Gratia Artis. In 1942, he was made MGM's Vice President in Charge of Publicity. He held that position until his retirement in 1957.
He began a long association with composer Arthur Schwartz when they teamed up for the Broadway revue The Little Show in 1929. They would continue to work on and off over the next 30 or so years. Dietz served in the US Navy in World War I and became editor of their magazine, Navy Life. During World War II, he assisted the U.S. Treasury Department with the publicity and promotion of War Bonds and created stage shows for the Coast Guard with composer Vernon Duke. He appears as a recurring character in the mystery novels of John Dandola which involve a sleuthing MGM publicity girl.

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Ingmar Bergman
Ernst Ingmar Bergman (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɪŋmar ˈbærjman] ( listen); 14 July 1918 – 30 July 2007) was a Swedish director, writer and producer for film, stage and television. Described by Woody Allen as "probably the greatest film artist, all things considered, since the invention of the motion picture camera," he is recognized as one of the most accomplished and influential film directors of all time.
He directed over sixty films and documentaries for cinematic release and for television, most of which he also wrote. He also directed over one hundred and seventy plays. Among his company of actors were Harriet Andersson, Liv Ullmann, Gunnar Björnstrand, Bibi Andersson, Erland Josephson, Ingrid Thulin and Max von Sydow. Most of his films were set in the landscape of Sweden. His major subjects were death, illness, faith, betrayal, and insanity.
Bergman was active for more than six decades. In 1976 his career was seriously threatened as the result of a botched criminal investigation for alleged income tax evasion. Outraged, Bergman suspended a number of pending productions, closed his studios, and went into self-imposed exile in Germany for eight years.

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Iroquois
The Iroquois ( /ˈɪrəkwɔɪ/ or /ˈɪrəkwɑː/), also known as the Haudenosaunee or the "People of the Longhouse", are a league of several nations and tribes of indigenous people of North America. After the Iroquoian-speaking peoples of present-day central and upstate New York coalesced as distinct tribes, by the 16th century or earlier, they came together in an association known today as the Iroquois League, or the "League of Peace and Power". The original Iroquois League was often known as the Five Nations, as it was composed of the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga and Seneca nations. After the Tuscarora nation joined the League in 1722, the Iroquois became known as the Six Nations. The League is embodied in the Grand Council, an assembly of fifty hereditary sachems. Other Iroquian peoples lived along the St. Lawrence River, around the Great Lakes and in the American Southeast, but they were not part of the Haudenosaunee and often competed and warred with these tribes.
When Europeans first arrived in North America, the Haudenosaunee were based in what is now the northeastern United States, primarily in what is referred to today as upstate New York west of the Hudson River and through the Finger Lakes region. Today, the Iroquois live primarily in New York, Quebec, and Ontario.

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Jacob Baradaeus
Jacob Baradaeus (died July 30, 578) was Bishop of Edessa from 543 until his death. One of the most important figures in the history of the Syriac Orthodox Church, and the Oriental Orthodox churches generally, he was a defender of the Miaphysite movement in a time when its strength was declining. His instrumental efforts in reorganizing and revitalizing the community gave it its alternate name, the Jacobites.
He was ordained by the Miaphysite bishop of Edessa (c. AD 541), with ecumenical authority over the members of their body throughout the East. By his indomitable zeal and untiring activity, this remarkable man rescued the Miaphysite community in Asia Minor and the East from the extinction (with which persecution by the Byzantine imperial power threatened it) through consecrating bishops, ordaining clergy, and uniting its scattered elements into an organization so well planned and so stable that it has endured through all the many political and dynastic storms in the Middle East. Materials for his life are furnished by two Syriac biographies by his contemporary, John of Ephesus, whom Jacobus ordained bishop of Ephesus, printed by Land, and by the third part of the Ecclesiastical History of the same author.

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Jacques Sernas
Jacques Sernas (Lithuanian: Jurgis Šernas; sometimes credited as Jack Sernas; born 30 July 1925) is a Lithuanian-born French actor with an international film career.
He was born in Kaunas, Lithuania, the son of Jokūbas Šernas, a signatory of the 1918 Act of Independence of Lithuania, who died when Sernas was a year old. His mother took him to Paris, France, where Sernas received his formal education. During World War II, he joined the French Resistance and was captured and interned at the Nazi Buchenwald concentration camp, near Weimar, Germany.
Sernas worked first as a leading man and later as a character actor. He is perhaps best known for his role as Paris in the epic film Helen of Troy (1956).
His more recent appearances have included appearing as a Cardinale Feltin in the television biographical film Pope John XXIII (2002) and as Ambasciatore in the television comedy film Regina dei fiori (2005).

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Jaime Pressly
Jaime Elizabeth Pressly (born July 30, 1977) is an American actress and model. She is best known for playing Joy Turner on the NBC sitcom My Name Is Earl, for which she was nominated for two Emmy Awards (winning one) as well as a Golden Globe Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award. She has also appeared in films such as Joe Dirt, DOA: Dead or Alive and I Love You, Man.
Pressly was born in Kinston, North Carolina, the daughter of Brenda Sue (née Smith), a dance instructor, and James Liston Pressly, a car salesman. She has two siblings: sister Jessica and brother James Liston Pressly, Jr. She spent 11 years studying gymnastics and dancing.
Pressly attended Costa Mesa High School in California, where her mother had moved while her parents were going through a divorce. By age 14, she was the spokeswoman for her modeling agency "International Cover Model Search" and had begun to gain recognition for her modeling in the USA, as well as in Italy and Japan.^{[citation needed]} Pressly subsequently sought and succeeded in having herself legally emancipated from her parents at the age of 15 so she could take up a modeling job in Japan; neither of her parents could make the trip, so she had to be emancipated to go on her own.

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James Irwin
James Benson Irwin (March 17, 1930 – August 8, 1991) was an American astronaut and engineer. He served as Lunar Module pilot for Apollo 15, the fourth human lunar landing; he was the eighth human to walk on the Moon.
Irwin's grandparents emigrated to the USA from Altmore Parish at Pomeroy in County Tyrone, Ireland around 1859. Irwin himself was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania of Scottish and Irish descent. Irwin graduated from East High School in Salt Lake City, Utah in 1947. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in naval science from the United States Naval Academy in 1951 and a Master of Science in aeronautical engineering and instrumentation engineering from the University of Michigan in 1957.
He received his flight training at Hondo Air Base and Reese Air Force Base, Texas. He graduated from the Air Force Experimental Test Pilot School in 1961 and the Air Force Aerospace Research Pilot School in 1963. Prior to joining NASA, he was chief of the Advanced Requirements Branch at Headquarters Air Defense Command. During his time in the United States Air Force he received an Air Force Distinguished Service Medal and two Air Force Commendation Medals. He also received an Outstanding Unit Citation while with the 4750th Training Wing.

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Jan Heemskerk
Jan Heemskerk Abrahamszoon (30 July 1818 – 9 October 1897) was a Dutch politician, who became the prime minister of the Netherlands in 1874 until 1877, and again in 1883, until 1888. His son, Theo Heemskerk was also prime minister, in the period 1908-1913.
Heemskerk was born in Amsterdam in 1818. He studied law and became a lawyer, then a member of the House of Representatives. Originally he was a liberal politician, but became conservative, and was conservative when he was prime minister. He died in The Hague in 1897 at the age of 79.
Heemskerk's published works include

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Jason Robinson
Jason Thorpe Robinson OBE (born 30 July 1974 in Leeds, West Yorkshire) is an English former dual-code international rugby union and rugby league player of the 1990s and 2000s. Playing at wing or fullback, he won fifty-one rugby union international test caps in total for England, and in rugby league he won twelve caps for Great Britain and seven for England. Throughout his career Robinson was noted for his acceleration.
On 25 February 2009 it was announced that Robinson had agreed a contract to return to Sale Sharks as Head Coach from the end of the 2008-09 season replacing Kingsley Jones who moves upstairs to fill the vacancy left by the departing Frenchman Philippe Saint-André.
On the 26 July 2010, Robinson came out of retirement after a 3 year absence to play for League Two side Fylde. On 7 July 2011, Robinson announced his retirement from the game of rugby after one season with National League One club Fylde.
Robinson began playing rugby as a child at the Hunslet Boys Club and then Hunslet Parkside before starting his rugby league career in 1991 at semi-professional side Hunslet Hawks. Despite being offered a contract by Leeds, he stuck by his side, as it would have meant leaving at an inconvenient time. He was later rewarded by a contract with Wigan who went on to dominate British rugby league. His form quickly establishing him in Wigan's first team, as a teenager he was touted as a future halfback or loose forward. He was selected to play on the wing for Wigan against the visiting Brisbane Broncos in the 1992 World Club Challenge.

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Jay Feaster
Harry Jay Feaster (born July 30, 1962 in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania) is a National Hockey League (NHL) executive. He is currently the general manager of the Calgary Flames, appointed on May 16, 2011, after serving as acting general manager since December 28, 2010, following Darryl Sutter's resignation. He was the general manager of the Tampa Bay Lightning for six years, during which he was named the NHL's executive of the year by The Sporting News in 2004 after guiding the Lightning to their first Stanley Cup championship.
Feaster is a graduate of Susquehanna University, and holds a JD from Georgetown University. As a young lawyer with Harrisburg firm McNees, Wallace & Nurick in 1988, he was assigned to deal with the Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company. His dealings brought him in frequent contact with one of their properties, the Hershey Bears of the American Hockey League (AHL). Though he had no background in hockey, Feaster preferred working with the hockey team, and quickly joined the organization as the assistant to the team's president before taking over the team and stadium's operations as general manager in 1990. He served in the post for eight years during which he was named the AHL's Executive of the Year in 1997 after the Bears won the Calder Cup.

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Jean Reno
Juan Moreno y Herrera-Jiménez known as Jean Reno (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ ʁeno]; born July 30, 1948) is a French-Spanish actor. Working in French, English, Japanese, Spanish and Italian, he has appeared not only in numerous successful Hollywood productions such as The Pink Panther (2006), Godzilla (1998), The Da Vinci Code, Mission: Impossible, Ronin and Couples Retreat, but also in European productions such as the French films Les Visiteurs (1993), its sequel Les Visiteurs 2 (1998) and Léon (1994) along with the 2005 Italian film The Tiger and the Snow.
Reno was born Juan Moreno y Herrera-Jiménez in Casablanca, Morocco. His Spanish parents were natives of Sanlúcar de Barrameda and Jerez de la Frontera (Spain), and had moved to North Africa to find work and escape the dictatorship of Francisco Franco. His father was a linotypist. His mother died when he was a teenager, and he has a younger sister named María Teresa ("Maite"). Reno was raised Catholic. He moved to France at the age of seventeen and studied acting in the Cours Simon School of Drama.

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Jimmy Hoffa
James Riddle "Jimmy" Hoffa (born February 14, 1913 – disappeared July 30, 1975, declared legally dead July 30, 1982) was an American labor union leader.
Hoffa was involved with the International Brotherhood of Teamsters union as an organizer from 1932 to 1975. He served as the union's General President from 1958 to 1971. He secured the first national agreement for teamsters' rates in 1964, and played a major role in the growth and development of the union, which eventually became the largest single union in the United States, with over 1.5 million members during his terms as its leader.
Hoffa, who had been convicted of jury tampering, attempted bribery, and fraud in 1964, was imprisoned in 1967, sentenced to 13 years, after exhausting the appeal process. It was not until mid-1971 that he officially resigned the Teamsters' presidency, an action that was part of a pardon agreement with U.S. president Richard Nixon, in order to facilitate his release later that year. Nixon blocked Hoffa from union activities until 1980 (which would have been the end of his prison term, had he served the full sentence). Hoffa attempted to overturn this order and to regain support.

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Joan Gamper
Joan Gamper (Catalan pronunciation: [ʒuˈaŋ ɡəmˈpe]; 22 November 1877 – 30 July 1930) previously known as Hans Kamper was a Swiss football pioneer, player and club president. He founded football clubs in Switzerland and Catalonia (Spain), most notably FC Basel, FC Zürich and FC Barcelona.
Hans-Max Gamper (his mother's maiden name – Haessig – is generally appended in Spanish sources) was born in Winterthur, Switzerland. He was the eldest son and third of five children born to August Gamper and Rosine Emma Haessig. His mother died of tuberculosis when he was eight and the family moved to Basel. As a youngster, Gamper was a keen cyclist and runner. Throughout his life he was a lover of all sports and, apart from football, he also played rugby union, tennis and golf. In Switzerland, he was highly regarded as a footballer and was club captain at FC Basel and co-founder and player of FC Zürich. In 1897, work took him to Lyon in France, where he played rugby for Athletique Union.
In 1898 he went to Barcelona to visit his uncle, Emili Gaissert, who was living there. He was on his way to Africa to help set up some sugar trading companies but fell in love with the Catalan city and decided to stay put. He would later become a fluent Catalan speaker and adopt the Catalan version of his name, Joan Gamper. As an accountant, he found work with Crédit Lyonnais, the Sarrià Railway Company and as a sports columnist, he worked for two Swiss newspapers. He joined the local Swiss Evangelical Church and began playing football within the local Protestant community in the district of Sarrià-Sant Gervasi. He also attended the Gimnasio Solé and helped publish a magazine, Los Deportes.

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Joe Nuxhall
Joseph Henry Nuxhall (pronounced /ˈnʌks.hɔːl/; July 30, 1928 – November 15, 2007) was an American left-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball, mostly for the Cincinnati Reds. Immediately after retiring as a player, he became a radio broadcaster for the Reds from 1967 through 2004, and continued part-time up until his death in 2007. Nuxhall held the team's record for career games pitched (484) from 1965 to 1975, and still holds the team mark for left-handers.
In addition to his 40 years of broadcasting Reds games, Nuxhall is most remembered for having been the youngest player ever to appear in a major league game, pitching 2/3 of an inning for the Reds on June 10, 1944 at the age of &1000000000000001500000015 years, &10000000000000316000000316 days. Called upon for that one game due to player shortages during World War II, Nuxhall would eventually find his way back to the Reds in 1952, and the National League All-Star team in 1955 and 1956. Long known as "The Ol' Left-hander," he compiled a career earned run average of 3.90 and a record of 135-117 during his 16-season career, with all but 5 of his victories being earned with the Reds. Nuxhall died in 2007 after a long battle with cancer.

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Joe Shuster
Joseph "Joe" Shuster (July 10, 1914 - July 30, 1992) was a Canadian-born, American-raised comic book artist. He was best known for co-creating the DC Comics character Superman, with writer Jerry Siegel, first published in Action Comics #1 (June 1938).
Shuster was involved in a number of legal battles concerning the ownership of the Superman character, eventually gaining recognition for his part in its creation. His comic book career after Superman was relatively unsuccessful, and by the mid-1970s Shuster had left the field completely due to partial blindness.
He and Siegel were inducted into both the comic book industry's Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 1992 and the Jack Kirby Hall of Fame in 1993. In 2005, the Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association instituted the Joe Shuster Awards, named to honor the Canadian-born artist.
Joseph Shuster was born in Toronto, Ontario to a Jewish family. His father, Julius, an immigrant from Rotterdam, South Holland, the Netherlands, and his mother Ida, who had come from Kiev in Ukraine, were barely able to make ends meet. As a youngster, Shuster worked as a newspaper boy for the Toronto Daily Star and, as a hobby, he liked to sketch. He had one sister, Jean Peavy. One cousin is comedian Frank Shuster of the Canadian comedy team Wayne and Shuster. When Joe Shuster was 10, his family moved to Cleveland, Ohio.

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Joey King
Joey Lynn King (born July 30, 1999) is an American child actress widely known for her starring role as Ramona Quimby in the 2010 adaption of Beverly Cleary's book series with the same title.
Joey King was born in Los Angeles, California. Her older sisters Haley King and Kelli King are also actresses.
King's first commercial was a national spot for Life Since then, she has completed over 104 commercials including national campaigns for Eggo and Walmart. She then appeared in her first film, Grace.
King has been featured in Reign Over Me with Adam Sandler, Quarantine, and has lent her voice to the animated films Horton Hears A Who! (2008) and Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs (2009). In the year 2010, she guest starred in the series Ghost Whisperer. She was also featured in The Suite Life of Zack & Cody as Emily Mason in two episodes.
King's first lead role was in the 2010 film Ramona and Beezus, an adaption of the Beverly Cleary book series, Starring as Ramona Quimby opposite Selena Gomez as her older sister, Beezus Quimby.

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John Garang
John Garang de Mabior (June 23, 1945 – July 30, 2005) was a Sudanese politician and leader. From 1983 to 2005, he led the Sudan People's Liberation Army during the Second Sudanese Civil War, and following a peace agreement he briefly served as First Vice President of Sudan from January 2005 until he died in a July 2005 helicopter crash.
A member of the Dinka ethnic group, Garang was born into a poor family in Buk village in the upper Nile region of Sudan. An orphan by the age of ten, he had his fees for school paid by a relative, going to schools in Wau and then Rumbek. In 1962 he joined the first Sudanese civil war, but because he was so young, the leaders encouraged him and others his age to seek an education. Because of the ongoing fighting, Garang was forced to attend his secondary education in Tanzania. After winning a scholarship, he went on to earn a B.A.^{[clarification needed]} in economics in 1969 from Grinnell College in Iowa, USA. He was known there for his bookishness. He was offered another scholarship to pursue graduate studies at the University of California, Berkeley, but chose to return to Tanzania and study East African agricultural economics as a Thomas J. Watson Fellow at the University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM). At UDSM, he was a member of the University Students' African Revolutionary Front. However, Garang soon decided to return to Sudan and join the rebels.^{[citation needed]} There is much erroneous reporting that Garang met and befriended Yoweri Museveni, future president of Uganda, at this time; while both Garang and Museveni were students at UDSM in the 1960s, they did not attend at the same time.

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Jonathan Mann
Jonathan Mann (July 30, 1947 – September 2, 1998) was a head of the World Health Organization's global AIDS program.
Mann was medically qualified, receiving his B.A. from Harvard College, his M.D. from Washington University in St. Louis (1974), and the degree of M.P.H. from the Harvard School of Public Health in 1980.
Mann was a key figure in the early fight against HIV/AIDS. He resigned his post at the WHO to protest the lack of response from the United Nations with regard to AIDS, and the actions of the then WHO director-general Hiroshi Nakajima. Mann's work against AIDS, his conflict with Nakajima and its impact on WHO's AIDS efforts have been documented as a part of PBS Frontline documentary "The age of AIDS". During Mann's tenure, the AIDS program became the largest single program in the history of the WHO. He was a key figure in highlighting the need for a global response to the crisis.
Mann died in the 1998 crash of Swissair Flight 111 along with his wife, AIDS researcher Mary Lou Clements-Mann.Evidence of an incendiary device on-board the aircraft was later raised in September 2011 by a former RCMP officer. At the time of his death, Mann was the dean of the Allegheny University School of Public Health, which is now the Drexel University School of Public Health in Philadelphia.

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Jorge Russek
Jorge Russek (January 4, 1932 – July 30, 1998) was a Mexican actor. He died of a heart attack on July 30, 1998.

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Joseph Cook
Sir Joseph Cook, GCMG (7 December 1860 – 30 July 1947) was an Australian politician and the sixth Prime Minister of Australia. Born as Joseph Cooke and working in the coal mines of Silverdale, Staffordshire during his early life, he emigrated to Lithgow, New South Wales during the late 1880s, and became General-Secretary of the Western Miners Association in 1887.
A founding member of the Australian Labor Party, Cook was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as Member for Hartley in 1891. Later Cook switched to the Free Trade Party, and was a minister in the cabinet of Premier George Reid from 1894 to 1899. During Australia's first federal election in 1901, Cook was elected unopposed to the federal seat of Parramatta, and served as the deputy to Reid, then Alfred Deakin, following the creation of the Commonwealth Liberal Party from Cook's and Deakin's parties.
As leader of the Liberal Party, Cook became Prime Minister following the 1913 elections; but he only had a one-seat majority in the lower house and no majority at all in the upper house, so he repeatedly sought to obtain a double dissolution. The outbreak of World War I just before the September 1914 election led to a Labor victory. Following a split in the Labor party in 1916, Cook joined William Morris Hughes' Nationalist Party of Australia, and following the Nationalist victory in the 1917 election, served as Minister for the Navy, then Treasurer under Hughes.

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Joyce Kilmer
Alfred Joyce Kilmer (December 6, 1886 – July 30, 1918) was an American journalist, poet, literary critic, lecturer, and editor. Though a prolific poet whose works celebrated the common beauty of the natural world as well as his religious faith, Kilmer is remembered most for a short poem titled "Trees" (1913), which was published in the collection Trees and Other Poems in 1914. While most of his works are unknown, a select few of his poems remain popular and are published frequently in anthologies. Several critics, both Kilmer's contemporaries and modern scholars, disparaged Kilmer's work as being too simple, overly sentimental, and suggested that his style was far too traditional, even archaic.
At the time of his deployment to Europe during World War I (1914–1918), Kilmer was considered the leading American Catholic poet and lecturer of his generation, whom critics often compared to British contemporaries G. K. Chesterton (1874–1936) and Hilaire Belloc (1870–1953). A sergeant in the 165th U.S. Infantry Regiment (better known as 'The Fighting 69th), Kilmer was killed at the Second Battle of the Marne in 1918 at the age of 31.

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Juan Smith
Juan Hugo Smith (born 30 July 1981 in Bloemfontein, South Africa) is a South African rugby union footballer who represents South Africa in international test rugby, the Vodacom Cheetahs in the Super Rugby competition, and the Free State Cheetahs in the Currie Cup. Smith usually plays as a blindside flanker, although he has also played number eight. He is the current captain of the Vodacom Cheetahs.
Smith made his international debut for South Africa on 7 June 2003 as a reserve in the 29-25 victory over Scotland at Kings Park Stadium in Durban. He was also named in the Springboks' team for the second Scottish Test the following week. He then played at number 8 during the 2003 Tri Nations Series against Australia and the All Blacks.
Smith was included in the Springboks squad for the 2003 Rugby World Cup in Australia. He played in four matches at the World Cup and scored a try in the match against Manu Samoa. Although he only played the one Test for South Africa during 2004 - against Wales at Millennium Stadium in Cardiff in November, he was capped 10 times for the Springboks the following season.

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Julia Robinson
Julia Hall Bowman Robinson (December 8, 1919 – July 30, 1985) was an American mathematician best known for her work on decision problems and Hilbert's Tenth Problem.
Robinson was born in St. Louis, Missouri, the daughter of Ralph Bowers Bowman and Helen (Hall) Bowman. Her older sister was the mathematical popularizer and biographer Constance Reid. The family moved to Arizona and then to San Diego when the girls were a few years old. Julia attended San Diego High.
She entered San Diego State University in 1936 and transferred as a senior to University of California, Berkeley in 1939. She received her BA degree in 1940 and continued in graduate studies. She received the Ph.D. degree in 1948 under Alfred Tarski with a dissertation on "Definability and Decision Problems in Arithmetic".
In 1975 she became a full professor at Berkeley, teaching quarter-time because she still did not feel strong enough for a full-time job.
Hilbert's tenth problem asks for an algorithm to determine whether a Diophantine equation has any solutions in integers. A series of results developed in the 1940s through 1970 by Robinson, Martin Davis, Hilary Putnam, and Yuri Matiyasevich resolved this problem in the negative; that is, they showed that no such algorithm can exist.

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Julia Tsenova
Julia Tsenova (also spelled Julia Tzenova, Julia Cenova, or Julia Zenova, Bulgarian: Юлия Ценова) ((1948-07-30)July 30, 1948 – April 11, 2010(2010-04-11)), born in Sofia, Bulgaria, was an award-winning Bulgarian composer, pianist and musical pedagogue. She died of cancer at the age of 61.
Julia Tsenova graduated both Composition and Piano in the State Academy of Music in Sofia as a student of Prof. Pancho Vladigerov. Tsenova took part in the International Composers' class in Sofia and Amsterdam, directed by Prof. Ton de Leeuw - Holland (1981, 1982). She attended many workshops in Europe. Her music was performed in different contemporary festivals, as well as at the International Composers' Rostrum in Paris (1995). Since 1997 she was Professor of Piano and Dean at the Pop and Jazz Music Faculty in the State Academy of Music. She was a member of the Union of the Bulgarian Composers as well as of the International Society for Contemporary Music, and a President of the Bulgarian section.
Julia Tsenova has had versatile musical interests. She wrote in the field of symphonic, chamber, choral and scenic music. Her works are dramatic and rich in dynamics and philosophy. As a composer she owns a bright individual style and perfect use of the modern composition techniques.

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Justin Rose
Justin Peter Rose (born 30 July 1980) is a South African-born English professional golfer who plays most of his golf on the PGA Tour, while keeping his membership on the European Tour. He first came to prominence at the 1998 Open Championship where he holed a dramatic shot from the rough at the final hole to finish in a tie for fourth place. He won the 2007 Order of Merit on the European Tour and was ranked in the World top ten for 34 weeks between November 2007 and July 2008, with a highest ranking of six. In March 2012, Rose won his first World Golf Championship event at the WGC-Cadillac Championship. This was the biggest win of his career, and as a result he re-entered the World top ten at number seven.
Rose was born in Johannesburg, South Africa, and moved to England at the age of five where he started to play golf seriously at Hartley Wintney GC, near his then Hampshire home. Rose broke 70 for the first time at the age of 11, and was a plus one handicap by 14. He played in the Walker Cup in 1997 as a 17-year-old. Shortly after that event, Rose burst to world-wide prominence at The Open Championship in 1998. He holed a dramatic shot from the rough from about 50 yards for birdie on the 18th hole, to finish in a tie for fourth. He won the silver medal for the low amateur. The following day he turned professional.

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Jürgen Klinsmann
Jürgen Klinsmann (born 30 July 1964 in Göppingen) is a German football manager and former player who is currently the coach of the United States men's National team. As a player, Klinsmann played for several prominent clubs in Europe and was part of the West German team that won the 1990 FIFA World Cup and the German one that won the 1996 UEFA European Championship. One of West Germany's/Germany's premier strikers during the 1990s, Klinsmann scored in all six major international tournaments he participated, from Euro 1988 to 1998 World Cup.
He managed the German national team to a third-place finish in the 2006 World Cup. On 12 July 2006, Klinsmann officially announced that he would step down as Germany's coach after two years in charge and be replaced by assistant coach Joachim Löw. He took over as coach of Bayern Munich in July 2008, when Ottmar Hitzfeld stepped down to take over as the head coach of the Swiss National Team. On 27 April 2009 he was released early, even though he had won five of the previous seven league games and was only three points behind league leader VfL Wolfsburg. In the jointly initiated reforms at Bayern it emerged there was a severe clash of opinions between coach and club management.

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Kate Bush
Catherine "Kate" Bush (born 30 July 1958) is an English singer-songwriter, musician and record producer. Her eclectic musical style and idiosyncratic vocal style have made her one of the United Kingdom's most successful solo female performers of the past 30 years.
In 1978, at the age of 19, Bush topped the UK Singles Chart for four weeks with her debut single "Wuthering Heights", becoming the first woman to have a UK number one with a self-written song. She has since released ten albums, three of which topped the UK Albums Chart, and has had 25 UK Top 40 hit singles including the Top 10 hits "Wuthering Heights", "Running Up that Hill", "King of the Mountain", "Babooshka", "The Man with the Child in His Eyes", and "Don't Give Up".
In 1987, she won a Brit Award for Best British Female Solo Artist, and in 2002, her songwriting ability was recognised with an Ivor Novello Award for Outstanding Contribution to British Music. During the course of her career, she has also been nominated for three Grammy Awards. After her 1979 tour – the only concert tour of her career – Bush released the 1980 album Never for Ever, which made her the first British solo female artist to top the UK album charts and the first female artist ever to enter the album chart at Number 1. She is also the first (and to date only) female artist to have Top 5 albums in the UK charts in 5 successive decades.

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Ken Olin
Kenneth Edward "Ken" Olin (born July 30, 1954) is an American actor, director and producer. He is known for his starring role on the television series Thirtysomething, and most recently as Executive Producer, director, and recurring guest star of the television series Brothers & Sisters (2006–2011).
As an actor, Olin played Michael Steadman on Thirtysomething (1987–1991) and Dr. Roger Cattan on L.A. Doctors (1998–1999). He was also noted for his performance as Detective Harry Garibaldi on Hill Street Blues and as the lead in the short-lived but critically praised EZ Streets. Olin has also performed in a number of television programs including Alias (as David McNeil), Falcon Crest, and Murder, She Wrote.
Prior to working on Brothers & Sisters, Olin produced and directed the television program Alias. He has directed for other television including L.A. Doctors, The West Wing, Felicity, Judging Amy, Freaks and Geeks, Thirtysomething, and EZ Streets.
In 2012, Olin co-star on the ABC drama series Americana.

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Kevin Pittsnogle
Kevin Lee Pittsnogle Jr. (born July 30, 1984 in Martinsburg, West Virginia) is an American former professional basketball player. He played for the Pittsburgh Xplosion of the CBA and the Austin Toros and the Albuquerque Thunderbirds of the NBA D-League.
Pittsnogle saw good action in his first year at West Virginia University, particularly against Rutgers on January 26, 2003 when he posted 26 points. He also added 24 points against Syracuse on February 8, 2003.
Until late in the 2004-2005 season, Pittsnogle primarily came off the bench for the Mountaineers. However, on February 5, 2005 starting center D'or Fischer was unable to play against Pitt due to illness. Fischer was replaced in the starting lineup by Pittsnogle, who proceeded to score 27 points in an upset of the Panthers. He remained in the starting lineup for the rest of the season, and quickly came to the forefront during the 2005 NCAA Tournament, when on March 24, 2005, he scored 22 points and grabbed 8 rebounds in a 65-60 victory against Texas Tech in the Sweet 16 round, and then scored a team-high 25 points (on 9-for-15 shooting) and grabbed 5 rebounds in a 93-85 overtime loss to Louisville on March 26.

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Lane Frost
Lane Clyde Frost (October 12, 1963 – July 30, 1989) was a professional bull rider and Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA) member, who died in the arena at the 1989 Cheyenne Frontier Days Rodeo as a result of injuries sustained riding the bull "Takin' Care of Business".
Lane was born on October 12, 1963. At that time, his parents lived in Lapoint, Utah. However, Lane's father, Clyde Frost, was on the rodeo circuit as a saddle bronc and bareback rider, and Lane's mother, Elsie, went to stay with her parents in Kim, Colorado, while she waited for Lane to arrive. Lane was born in the hospital in La Junta, Colorado, the closest medical facility to Kim. Lane has an older sister, Robin, and a younger brother, Cody.
Lane started riding dairy calves on the family dairy farm when he was 5 or 6. He was 9 when he first got on a bull. However, to the relief of his family, he met Don Gay around that time, and Don told Lane that he should just ride calves and steers until his bones were more fully developed. Mrs. Frost says that they had been telling Lane the same thing, but according to his mother, "Of course he listened to Don!"

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Laurence Fishburne
Laurence John Fishburne III (born July 30, 1961) is an American film and stage actor, playwright, director, and producer. He is perhaps best known for his roles as Morpheus in the Matrix science fiction film trilogy, as Cowboy Curtis on the 1980's television show Pee-wee's Playhouse, and as singer-musician Ike Turner in the Tina Turner biopic What's Love Got to Do With It. He became the first African American to portray Othello in a motion picture by a major studio when he appeared in Oliver Parker's 1995 film adaptation of the Shakespeare play. From 2008 to 2011, he starred as Dr. Raymond Langston on the CBS crime drama CSI: Crime Scene Investigation.
Fishburne has won a Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play for his performance in Two Trains Running (1992) and an Emmy Award for Drama Series Guest Actor for his performance in TriBeCa (1993).
Fishburne was born in Augusta, Georgia, the son of Hattie Bell (née Crawford), a junior high school mathematics and science teacher, and Laurence John Fishburne, Jr., a juvenile corrections officer. His parents divorced during his childhood, and he moved with his mother to Brooklyn, New York, where he was raised. Fishburne's father saw him once a month. He is a graduate of Lincoln Square Academy in New York, which closed in the 1980s.

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Lisa Kudrow
Lisa Valerie Kudrow (born July 30, 1963) is an American actress. She gained worldwide recognition in the '90s for portraying Phoebe Buffay in the television sitcom Friends, for which she received many accolades including an Emmy Award and two Screen Actors Guild Awards.
Kudrow has appeared in many films including Romy and Michele's High School Reunion (1997), Analyze This (1999), Dr. Dolittle 2 (2001), Happy Endings (2005), P.S. I Love You (2007), Bandslam (2008), Hotel for Dogs (2009) and Easy A (2010).
Lisa Kudrow was born in Encino, Los Angeles, California, the daughter of Nedra S. (née Stern), a travel agent, and Dr. Lee N. Kudrow (born 1933), a headache specialist and physician. Her ancestors emigrated from Belarus and lived in the village of Ilya, in the Minsk area, and her great-grandmother was murdered in the Holocaust. Kudrow was raised in a middle-class Jewish family and has an older sister, Helene Marla (born 1960), and an older brother, Santa Monica neurologist David B. Kudrow (born 1957). She is the niece of composer/conductor Harold Farberman. In 1979, at the age of 16, she underwent rhinoplasty to reduce the size of her nose.

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Lou Darvas
Louis F. Darvas (30 July 1913, Cleveland, Ohio - February 1987, Cleveland) was an artist and sports cartoonist. He received the National Cartoonist Society Sports Cartoon Award for 1963 and 1967 for his work.
He also authored a book called "You Can Draw Cartoons", published in 1960 by Doubleday.
Darvas started his artistic journey as a cartoonist at Thomas Jefferson Junior High School, and then at the West Technical High School through the 11th grade. He then got a job scrapping old signs for an advertising firm, while he followed his cartoonist training in night art classes at John Huntington Institute.
Darvas's first newspaper job was with the Toledo News Bee as an artist. He moved to Cleveland and worked with the Cleveland Press from 1938 onwards.
During World War II, he served in the United States Army Air Corps as head of the drafting and art room of the senior staff school supervising charts and graphs for secret Air Force statistical records. During his stint in the Army, he won the first place for cartoons in the art show of the Army Air Corps Tactical Center at Orlando, Florida in 1944.

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Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV (5 September 1638 – 1 September 1715), known as Louis the Great or the Sun King (French: le Roi-Soleil), was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre. He holds the distinction of being the longest-reigning king in European history, reigning for 72 years and 110 days.
Louis began his personal rule of France in 1661 after the death of his chief minister, the Italian Cardinal Mazarin. An adherent of the theory of the divine right of kings, which advocates the divine origin and lack of temporal restraint of monarchical rule, Louis continued his predecessors' work of creating a centralized state governed from the capital. He sought to eliminate the remnants of feudalism persisting in parts of France and, by compelling the nobility to inhabit his lavish Palace of Versailles, succeeded in pacifying the aristocracy, many members of which had participated in the Fronde rebellion during Louis's minority. By these means he consolidated a system of absolute monarchical rule in France that endured until the French Revolution.

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Lynn Fontanne
Lynn Fontanne (/fɒnˈtæn/; 6 December 1887 — 30 July 1983) was a British actress and major stage star in the United States for over 40 years. She teamed with her husband Alfred Lunt.
She lived in the United States for more than 60 years but never relinquished her British citizenship. Lunt and Fontanne shared a special Tony Award in 1970. They both won Emmy Awards in 1965, and Fontanne was a Kennedy Center honoree in 1980.
Born Lillie Louise Fontanne in Woodford, London, Fontanne first drew popular acclaim in 1921 playing the cliché-spouting title role in the George S. Kaufman-Marc Connelly's farce, Dulcy. Dorothy Parker memorialized her performance in verse:
Dulcy, take our gratitude, / All your words are golden ones. / Mistress of the platitude, / Queen of all the old ones. / You, at last, are something new / ’Neath the theatre's dome. I'd / Mention to the cosmos, you / Swing a wicked bromide. ...
She soon became celebrated for her skill as an actress in high comedy, excelling in witty roles written for her by Noël Coward, S. N. Behrman and Robert Sherwood. However, she enjoyed one of the greatest critical successes of her career as Nina Leeds, the desperate heroine of Eugene O'Neill's controversial nine-act drama, Strange Interlude.

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Magda Schneider
Magda Schneider (17 May 1909 – 30 July 1996) was a German actress and singer; she was the mother of the actress Romy Schneider.
Magdalena Schneider was born in Augsburg, Bavaria. After training as a stenographer, she studied singing at the Augsburg Academy and ballet at the local theater. She made her stage debut at the Staatstheater am Gärtnerplatz in Munich. Schneider drew the attention of Ernst Marischka who called her to the Theater an der Wien in Vienna, and in 1930 gave Schneider her first film role.
In 1937, Schneider married the Austrian actor Wolf Albach-Retty, with whom she had two children: Rosemarie Magdalena, called Romy, and Wolfgang Dieter, later a surgeon, born in 1940. During World War II, Schneider lived in the Bavarian Alps near Hitler's retreat in the Obersalzberg above Berchtesgaden. Schneider was a guest of Hitler's, who declared that she was his favorite actress.
She divorced Albach-Retty in 1945 and married the Cologne restaurant owner Hans Herbert Blatzheim in 1953.

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Maria Anna Mozart
Maria Anna Walburga Ignatia Mozart (30 July 1751 – 29 October 1829), nicknamed "Nannerl", was a musician, the older sister of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and daughter of Leopold and Anna Maria Mozart.
Maria Anna (Marianne) Mozart was born in Salzburg. When she was seven years old, her father Leopold Mozart started teaching her to play the harpsichord. Leopold took her and Wolfgang on tours of many cities, such as Vienna and Paris, to showcase their talents. In the early days she sometimes received top billing and she was noted as an excellent harpsichord player and fortepianist.
However, given the views of her parents, prevalent in her society at the time, it became impossible as she grew older for Marianne to continue her career any further. According to New Grove, "from 1769 onwards she was no longer permitted to show her artistic talent on travels with her brother, as she had reached a marriageable age." Wolfgang went on during the 1770s to many artistic triumphs while traveling in Italy with Leopold, but Marianne had to stay home in Salzburg with her mother. She likewise stayed home with Leopold when Wolfgang visited Paris and other cities (1777–1779) accompanied by his mother.

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Marilyn Monroe
Norma Jeane Mortensen Baker (June 1, 1926 – August 5, 1962), professionally recognized as Marilyn Monroe, was an American actress, model, and singer, who became a major sex symbol, starring in a number of commercially successful motion pictures during the 1950s and early 1960s.
After spending much of her childhood in foster homes, Monroe began a career as a model, which led to a film contract in 1946 with Twentieth Century-Fox. Her early film appearances were minor, but her performances in The Asphalt Jungle and All About Eve (both 1950) drew attention to her. By 1953, Monroe had progressed to a leading role in Niagara (1953), a melodramatic film noir that dwelt on her seductiveness. Her "dumb blonde" persona was used to comic effect in subsequent films such as Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1953), How to Marry a Millionaire (1953) and The Seven Year Itch (1955). Limited by typecasting, Monroe studied at the Actors Studio to broaden her range. Her dramatic performance in Bus Stop (1956) was hailed by critics and garnered a Golden Globe nomination. Her production company, Marilyn Monroe Productions, released The Prince and the Showgirl (1957), for which she received a BAFTA Award nomination and won a David di Donatello award. She received a Golden Globe Award for her performance in Some Like It Hot (1959). Monroe's last completed film was The Misfits, co-starring Clark Gable with screenplay by her then-husband, Arthur Miller.

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Markus Näslund
Markus Näslund (born 30 July 1973) is a Swedish ice hockey general manager for Modo Hockey and a retired professional winger. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Pittsburgh Penguins, Vancouver Canucks and New York Rangers, as well as in the Elitserien with Modo Hockey. Nicknamed "Nazzy" by Canucks fans and "Macke" or "Mackan" in his native Sweden, he was known for his offensive skills, particularly his wrist shot and stickhandling.
After playing junior hockey within the Modo organization, Näslund turned professional with the club's Elitserien team in 1990–91. Selected in the first round, 16th overall by the Penguins in the 1991 NHL Entry Draft, he joined the NHL in 1993–94. After his tenure with Pittsburgh, Näslund was traded to the Vancouver Canucks in 1996, where he spent 12 years, including a team record 8 as captain. He received the Cyclone Taylor Trophy as the Canucks' most valuable player five times and the Cyrus H. McLean Trophy as the leading point-scorer for seven consecutive seasons—both club records—en route to becoming the franchise leader in goals and points. In 2008, Näslund signed with the Rangers, where he spent one season before announcing his retirement from the NHL. In 15 NHL seasons, Näslund was thrice First Team All-Star, chosen in 2002, 2003 and 2004, and a Lester B. Pearson Award recipient (now known as the Ted Lindsay award), winning in 2003. He was also a Hart Memorial Trophy nominee in 2003. Midway through the 2009–10 season, he returned to play for Modo before retiring a second time. In December 2010, he became the third Canucks player to have his jersey retired, joining Stan Smyl and Trevor Linden.

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Miho Miyazaki
Miho Miyazaki (宮崎美穂^?, born July 30, 1993 in Tokyo, Japan) is a member of the Japanese girl idol group AKB48. Currently a member of AKB48's Team B, she was formerly in the group's Team A.
In 2007, Miho Miyazaki passed an audition for AKB48 and became a 5th generation kenkyūsei (trainee).
On July 13, 2008, she was promoted to Team A along with 4 other girls.
It was on the 11th single "Ōgoe Diamond", released on October 22, 2008 when Miho Miyazaki was selected to perform on the title track for the first time, and since then she started being selected for the title tracks of all singles in a row.
In February 2009, she moved the another talent agency, Horipro. Since then, she has been playing under the number 30 for the footsal team Xanadu loves NHC.
In the AKB48's 13th single elections, held in May-June, 2009, Miho placed 18th, thus passing the selection for the title track.
On July 10, 2009, for an event dedicated to the Nattō Day, Miyazaki with Tomomi Itano and Tomomi Kasai formed a group called Nattō Angel. At the event, they sang the self-titled track.

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Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Muhammad Ali Jinnah (Urdu: محمد علی جناح, Audio (help·info); 25 December 1876 – 11 September 1948) was a lawyer, politician and statesman who is known as being the founder of Pakistan. He is popularly and officially known in Pakistan as 'Quaid-e-Azam' (lit. Great Leader) and 'Baba-e-Qaum' (lit. Father of the Nation).
Jinnah served as leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until Pakistan's independence on 14 August 1947, and as Pakistan's first Governor-General from 15 August 1947 until his death on 11 September 1948. Jinnah rose to prominence in the Indian National Congress initially expounding ideas of Hindu-Muslim unity and helping shape the 1916 Lucknow Pact between the Muslim League and the Indian National Congress; he also became a key leader in the All India Home Rule League. He proposed a fourteen-point constitutional reform plan to safeguard the political rights of Muslims in a self-governing India.

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Murray Bookchin
Murray Bookchin (January 14, 1921 – July 30, 2006) was an American libertarian socialist author, orator, and philosopher. A pioneer in the ecology movement, Bookchin was the founder of the social ecology movement within anarchist, libertarian socialist and ecological thought. He was the author of two dozen books on politics, philosophy, history, and urban affairs as well as ecology. In the late 1990s he became disenchanted with the strategy of political Anarchism and founded his own libertarian socialist ideology called Communalism.
Bookchin was an anti-capitalist and vocal advocate of the decentralisation of society along ecological and democratic lines. His writings on libertarian municipalism, a theory of face-to-face, assembly democracy, had an influence on the Green movement and anti-capitalist direct action groups such as Reclaim the Streets.
Bookchin was born in New York City to Russian Jewish immigrants Nathan Bookchin and Rose (Kaluskaya) Bookchin. He grew up in the Bronx, where his grandmother, Zeitel, a Socialist Revolutionary, imbued him with Russian populist ideas. After her death in 1930, he joined the Young Pioneers, the Communist youth organization (for children 9 to 14) and the Young Communist League (for older children) in 1935. He attended the Workers School near Union Square, where he studied Marxism. In the late 1930s he broke with Stalinism and gravitated toward Trotskyism, joining the Socialist Workers Party. In the early 1940s he worked in a foundry in Bayonne, New Jersey where he was an organizer and shop steward for the United Electrical Workers as well as a recruiter for the SWP. Within the SWP he adhered to the Goldman-Morrow faction, which broke away after the war ended. He was an auto worker and UAW member at the time of the great General Motors strike of 1945-46.

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Neal McCoy
Hubert Neal McGaughey, Jr. (born July 30, 1958) is an American country music singer of mixed Irish and Filipino descent. Known professionally as Neal McCoy, he has released ten studio albums on various labels, and has released 34 singles to country radio. Although he first charted on Billboard Hot Country Songs in 1988, he did not reach Top 40 for the first time until 1992's "Where Forever Begins", which peaked at #40. McCoy broke through a year later with the back-to-back Number One hits "No Doubt About It" and "Wink" from his platinum-certified album No Doubt About It. Although he hasn't topped the country charts since, his commercial success continued into the late 1990s with two more platinum albums and a gold album, as well as six more Top Ten hits. A seventh Top Ten hit, the #10 "Billy's Got His Beer Goggles On", came in 2005 from his self-released That's Life, also his most recent studio album.
He was born on July 30, 1958, in Jacksonville, Texas, to a Filipina American mother and Irish-American father. Inspired by the variety of music that his parents listened to, which included country, rock, disco and R&B, McGaughey first sang in his church choir before founding an R&B band. He later switched his focus to country music, performing in various bars and clubs in Texas. McGaughey, after attending junior college near his hometown, found work selling shoes at a shopping mall. In the early 1980s, he met his wife, Melinda, at the store.

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Neil Bonnett
Lawrence Neil Bonnett (July 30, 1946 - February 11, 1994) was a NASCAR driver who compiled 18 victories and 20 poles over his 18-year career. The Alabama native currently ranks 35th in all-time NASCAR Cup victories. He appeared in the 1983 film Stroker Ace and the 1990 film Days of Thunder. He was a color commentator in the years up until his death.
Neil Bonnett began his NASCAR career as a protégé of 1983 Winston Cup champion Bobby Allison, working on the team's cars. He later became part of the famous "Alabama Gang" that included himself, Red Farmer and the Allison family: father Bobby, brother Donnie and, later, son Davey. He began driving in NASCAR in 1974 and earned his first victory in 1977 at the Capital City 400 in Richmond, Virginia driving for Harry Hyde/Jim Stacy Racing. He had another victory in 1977 at the Los Angeles Times 500, which would be the last Dodge win in NASCAR until 2001. Many in racing circles thought 1978 would be his year to dominate, but troubles with his cars (the new for 78 Dodge Magnum) and financial problems between Hyde and Stacy caused his cars to fail and to drop out of many races. In 1979 he hooked up with the Wood Brothers Racing Team and got his career back on track with three victories. He later won back-to-back World 600s (NASCAR's longest race, now the Coca-Cola 600) and back-to-back Busch Clash (now Bud Shootout) victories in 1983 and '84, including his first in which he did not win a single pole from the previous season, but was selected as a wild card entry.

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Nery Pumpido
Nery Alberto Pumpido (born July 30, 1957 in Monje, Santa Fe) is a football coach and former goalkeeper who played for the Argentine national team in two World Cups. After retirement, Pumpido moved into club management and is currently coach of Argentine side Godoy Cruz Antonio Tomba.
Pumpido began his career at his home city side Unión de Santa Fe. After a brief stint for Vélez Sársfield, where his form saw him called up for the 1982 FIFA World Cup squad, he moved to Club Atlético River Plate to replace the departing national 'keeper Ubaldo Fillol. Here, he became part of the side that won the Argentine Primera División as well as the Copa Libertadores for the first time in its history in 1986 under manager Héctor Veira. In 1988, he transferred to Spanish club Real Betis where, in 1989, he almost lost a finger during a training session when his wedding ring caught on a nail in the crossbar of the goal. He returned to Argentina to his first club, Union, in 1991, and played one final season before retiring in 1992.

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Nicky Hayden
Nicholas "Nicky" Patrick Hayden (born July 30, 1981 in Owensboro, Kentucky), nicknamed The Kentucky Kid, is an American professional motorcycle racer, who won the MotoGP World Championship in 2006.
As a youth, racing others twice his age in CMRA, Hayden would often start the race from the back of the starting grid while a family or crew member held his bike upright because he could not touch the ground. Later, at age 17, he was racing factory Honda RC45 superbikes while still in high school. In 1999, he won the AMA Supersport championship on board a privateer Honda. In 2001, his first full season as an AMA superbike racer, he came within 40 points of winning the championship, finishing behind only champion Mat Mladin and runner-up Eric Bostrom. The 2002 season, however, would see Hayden answering the bell: he won the Daytona 200 on a Honda Superbike en route to becoming the youngest ever AMA Superbike Champion, defeating reigning treble champion Mat Mladin, among others. He also entered the World Superbike round at Laguna Seca, making a solid 4th in the first race before colliding with Noriyuki Haga in race two.

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Otto von Bismarck
Otto Eduard Leopold, Prince of Bismarck, Duke of Lauenburg (1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898), simply known as Otto von Bismarck, was a conservative German statesman who dominated European affairs from the 1860s to his dismissal in 1890. After a series of short victorious wars he unified numerous German states into a powerful German Empire under Prussian leadership, then created a "balance of power" that preserved peace in Europe from 1871 until 1914.
As Minister President of Prussia 1862–90, Bismarck provoked wars that made Prussia dominant over Austria and France, and lined up the smaller German states behind Prussia. In 1867 he also became Chancellor of the North German Confederation. Bismarck designed and created the German Empire in 1871, becoming its first Chancellor and largely controlling its affairs until he was removed by Kaiser (Emperor) William II in 1890. His diplomacy of Realpolitik and powerful rule gained him the nickname the "Iron Chancellor". As Henry Kissinger has noted, "The man of 'blood and iron' wrote prose of extraordinary directness and lucidity, comparable in distinctiveness to Churchill's use of the English language."

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Patrick Modiano
Patrick Modiano (Italian: Patrizio Modiano; born 30 July 1945) is a French novelist. He is a winner of the Grand prix du roman de l'Académie française in 1972, the Prix Goncourt in 1978 for his novel Rue des boutiques obscures. Modiano was honored with the prestigious 2010 Prix mondial Cino Del Duca by the Institut de France for his lifetime achievement.
Modiano was born in Boulogne-Billancourt of a father of Jewish Italian origins and a Belgian mother, Louisa Colpijn (actress). Modiano's parents met in occupied Paris during World War II and began their relationship in semi-clandestinity. Modiano's childhood took place in a unique atmosphere: between the absence of his father—of which he heard many troubled stories—and his mother's frequent tours, he had to complete his secondary education by government aid. This brought him closer to his brother, Rudy, who died of a disease at age 10 (the works of Patrick Modiano from 1967 to 1982 are dedicated to him). This disappearance announced the end of the author's childhood, who continued to hold a marked nostalgia for this period.

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Paul Anka
Paul Albert Anka, OC (born July 30, 1941 Ottawa) is a Canadian singer, songwriter, and actor.
Anka first became famous as a teen idol in the late 1950s and 1960s with hit songs like "Diana", "Lonely Boy", and "Put Your Head on My Shoulder". He went on to write such well-known music as the theme for The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson and one of Tom Jones's biggest hits, "She's a Lady", and the English lyrics for Frank Sinatra's signature song, "My Way" (originally French song "Comme d'habitude").
In 1983, he co-wrote with Michael Jackson the song "I Never Heard", which was retitled and released in 2009 under the name "This Is It". An additional song that Jackson co-wrote with Anka from this 1983 session, "Love Never Felt So Good", has since been discovered, and will be released in the near future. The song was also released by Johnny Mathis in 1984.
Anka became a naturalized US citizen in 1990.
Anka was born in Ottawa, Ontario in Canada to Andy and Camelia Anka who owned a restaurant called The Locanda there. His parents are of Lebanese descent. He sang with the St. Elias Antiochian Orthodox Church choir under the direction of Frederick Karam, with whom he studied music theory. He also studied piano with Winnifred Rees.

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Pete Schoening
Peter (Pete) K. Schoening (July 30, 1927 - September 22, 2004) was an American mountaineer. Schoening was one of two Americans to first successfully climb the Pakistani peak Gasherbrum I in 1958, and was one of the first to summit Mount Vinson in Antarctica in 1966. He was born July 30, 1927, in Seattle, Washington, and grew up in Olympia, a city surrounded by the Olympic Mountains. He dropped out of school to serve in the US Navy in the last year of the war. Later, he earned a degree in Chemical Engineering at the University of Washington, where he became involved in mountain climbing. He died of cancer at his home in Kenmore, Washington.
Schoening is perhaps best remembered for his heroics during "The Belay" while part of the American K2 expedition in 1953. He single-handedly averted the loss of the entire expedition when he used an ice axe to set and hold a line saving five of the team who had slid off the mountain and dangled thousands of feet in the air.
In 1996 at age 68, he went to Everest together with his nephew, Klev Schoening. He stopped his ascent well short of the summit, at Camp Three, after being diagnosed with an irregular heartbeat. The disastrous events of that week are recounted in several books, including: Into Thin Air by Jon Krakauer and The Climb by Anatoli Boukreev.

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Peter Bogdanovich
Peter Bogdanovich (Serbian: Петар Богдановић, Petar Bogdanović, born July 30, 1939) is an American film historian, director, writer, actor, producer, and critic. He was part of the wave of "New Hollywood" directors, which included William Friedkin, Brian De Palma, George Lucas, Martin Scorsese, Michael Cimino, and Francis Ford Coppola. His most critically acclaimed film is The Last Picture Show (1971).
Bogdanovich was conceived in Europe and born in Kingston, New York in America, the son of Herma (née Robinson) and Borislav Bogdanovich, a painter and pianist. His Austrian-born mother was Jewish and his father was Serbian and an Eastern Orthodox Christian. He was an actor in the 1950s, studying his craft with acting teacher Stella Adler, and appeared on television and in summer stock. In the early 1960s, Bogdanovich was known as a film programmer at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. An obsessive cinema-goer, seeing up to 400 movies a year in his youth, Bogdanovich showcased the work of American directors such as Orson Welles and John Ford, whom he later wrote a book about based on the notes he had produced for the MoMA retrospective of the director, and Howard Hawks. Bogdanovich also brought attention to such forgotten pioneers of American cinema as Allan Dwan.

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Peter Chrysologus
Peter Chrysologus (Greek: Ἅγιος Πέτρος ὁ Χρυσολόγος, Petros Chrysologos meaning Peter the "golden-worded") (c. 380 – c. 450) was Bishop of Ravenna from about AD 433 until his death. He is revered as a saint by the Roman Catholic Church and was declared a Doctor of the Church by Pope Benedict XIII in 1729.
Peter was born in Imola, where he was ordained a deacon by Cornelius, Bishop of Imola. He was made an archdeacon through the influence of Emperor Valentinian III. Pope Sixtus III appointed Peter to the See of Ravenna in about the year 433, apparently rejecting the candidate elected by the people of the city. The traditional account, as recorded in the Roman Breviary, is that Sixtus had a vision of St. Peter and St. Apollinaris, the first bishops of Rome and Ravenna respectively, who showed Sixtus a young man and said he was the next Bishop of Ravenna. When the group from Ravenna arrived, including Cornelius and his archdeacon Peter from Imola, Sixtus recognized Peter as the young man in his vision and consecrated him as a bishop.

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Peter Zadek
Peter Zadek (German pronunciation: [ˈtsaːdɛk]; 19 May 1926 – 30 July 2009) was a German theatre and film director, play translator and screenwriter and is regarded as one of the greatest directors in German-speaking theater. He was the head of the Schauspielhaus Bochum, Bochum (1972–1979), the Deutsches Schauspielhaus, Hamburg (1985–1989) and the Berliner Ensemble from 1992 to 1996. He was chosen "Director of the year" by Theater Heute magazine on numerous occasions.
Peter Zadek was born May 19 1926 to a Jewish family in Berlin. In 1934, he emigrated with his family to London where he later studied at Old Vic theatre, after a year at Oxford University.
He began in weekly rep in Swansea and Pontypridd. He studied at the Old Vic, and his first productions included Oscar Wilde’s Salome and T. S. Eliot’s Sweeney Agonistes. Zadek caused a stir in London in the late 1950s with his productions of works by Jean Genet. Indeed, Genet was so outraged by Zadek's world première of The Balcony at the Arts in 1957 that he apparently bought a gun with the intention of shooting his director. He also worked as a director for the BBC in this period.

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Pope Benedict I
Pope Benedict I was pope from 2 June 575 to 30 July 579.
Benedict was the son of a man named Bonifacius, and was called Bonosus by the Greeks. The ravages of the Lombards rendered it very difficult to communicate with the Byzantine Emperor at Constantinople, who claimed the privilege of confirming the election of the popes. Hence there was a vacancy of nearly eleven months between the death of Pope John III and the arrival of the imperial confirmation of Benedict's election on 2 June 575.
Benedict granted an estate, the Massa Veneris, in the territory of Minturnae, to Abbot Stephen of St. Mark's "near the walls of Spoleto" (St. Gregory I, Ep. ix, 87, I. al. 30). Famine followed the devastating Lombards, and from the few words the Liber Pontificalis has about Benedict, we gather that he died in the midst of his efforts to cope with these difficulties. He was buried in the vestibule of the sacristy of the old Basilica of St. Peter. In a ceremony held in December, he ordained fifteen priests and three deacons and consecrated twenty-one bishops.

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Radostin Kishishev
Radostin Prodanov Kishishev (Bulgarian: Радостин Кишишев, born 30 July 1974) is a Bulgarian footballer, who is currently playing for Chernomorets Burgas in the A PFG.
Kishishev, born in the Bulgarian city of Burgas, began his career with local sides Chernomorets Burgas and Neftochimic Burgas. He then played as a central midfielder in Turkish side Bursaspor between 1997–98 with another Bulgarian footballer, Kostadin Vidolov. He returned to Bulgaria with Litex Lovech, and won Bulgarian league title with them in 1998 and 1999.
In the summer of 2000 Kishishev was purchased by newly promoted English Premier League side Charlton Athletic. Initially utilised as a right back, manager Alan Curbishley moved him into the midfield position where Kishishev (nicknamed "The Legend that is Kish" by supporters) would establish himself in the team. An almost constant presence throughout most of Charlton's seven year spell in the Premier League, he had a reputation as a hard worker, a warrior and often topped the team on the distance he ran during games, as shown by the Pro Zone statistics system. However, some supporters believed that occasional lapses in his concentration resulted in his team conceding a number of goals. Kishishev scored two goals during his time at Charlton, with both coming in the 2002/03 season. He netted in games against West Ham, which made him a local hero. and Everton.

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Ralph Taeger
Ralph Taeger (born July 30, 1936) is an American actor who starred in three television series during the 1960s.
Ralph Taeger was born in Richmond Hill, Queens, NY to German speaking parents. Taeger's first career choice was professional baseball, and he did play briefly on a farm team for the Los Angeles Dodgers. Knee injuries prompted him to switch his focus from athletics to acting, though he refers to baseball as his "first love."
A high school teacher had suggested Taeger try public speaking and acting. In the late 1950s he enrolled at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York City and also worked as a model. Within six months, however, he landed a major role in a production at the Beverly Hills Playhouse. An official at MGM was so impressed by Taeger's performance that the studio signed him to a contract.
Taeger's first TV series was Klondike, a half-hour Western adventure series set in Skagway, Alaska, during the 1897-1899 gold rush. Taeger played Mike Halliday, a rugged prospector.

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Rat Scabies
Christopher Millar (born 30 July 1957), better known by his stage name Rat Scabies, is a musician best known for his tenure as the drummer for The Damned.
Millar was born in Kingston upon Thames, Surrey. He played drums with Tor and London SS before founding The Damned with Brian James, Dave Vanian and Captain Sensible in 1976. He continued to play with the band with some interruptions and alongside various personnel changes until a dispute over the release of the album Not of This Earth led to his departure in 1995. He is known to have been influenced by Phil Collins.
His solo work outside The Damned includes a cover version of Bob Dylan's "This Wheel's On Fire", credited to "Rat & The Whale". In 2003 Millar formed a short-lived outfit called The Germans with Peter Coyne and Kris Dollimore, originally from The Godfathers. In recent times, he has played with Donovan, Nosferatu Neville Staple (formerly of The Specials), Dave Catching (Eagles Of Death Metal) and Chris Goss. He has also worked as a producer, most notably with Flipron, Ebony Bones! and Arizona punk outfit Glass Heroes. Millar currently lives with his wife Viv and their three children in Brentford, and is the central character of the book Rat Scabies And The Holy Grail, written by former music journalist Christopher Dawes. The book was published in May 2005 and is billed as "A road trip, a rich historical yarn, and testimony to the odd nature of a great many friendships".

wn.com/Rat_Scabies
Ray Cunningham
Raymond Lee Cunningham (January 17, 1905 – July 30, 2005) was an American third baseman in Major League Baseball who played for the St. Louis Cardinals in 1931 and 1932. He batted and threw right-handed. A native of Mesquite, Texas, Cunningham played briefly for the Cardinals at third base before an injury cut short his career. He injured himself, whipping a sidearm throw to first base on a swinging bunt.
Cunningham was a 26-year-old rookie when he joined the Cardinals for the final weeks of the 1931 season. His salary was $500 a year. During his time with St. Louis, Cunningham roomed with two Cardinal legends, Dizzy Dean and Pepper Martin. In a two-season career, Cunningham was a .154 hitter with one RBI and no home runs in 14 games.
Following his retirement as a player, Cunningham worked as a salesman and for an oil company. In 2004, he was recognized as the oldest living former Major League Baseball player. He gained this distinction when a former pitcher for the old Washington Senators and St. Louis Browns, Paul Hopkins, died in 2003 at 99 of age. Cunningham was honored at the Texas Baseball Hall of Fame with a special plaque celebrating his life in baseball. He remained a baseball fan and kept a daily watch on the Houston Astros.

wn.com/Ray_Cunningham
Regnier de Graaf
Regnier de Graaf (English spelling), original Dutch spelling Reinier de Graaf, or Latinized Reijnerus de Graeff (30 July 1641 – 17 August 1673) was a Dutch physician and anatomist who made key discoveries in reproductive biology. His first name is often spelled Reinier or Reynier.
De Graaf was born in Schoonhoven and perhaps a relative to the De Graeff regent family. He studied medicine in Utrecht and Leiden. There his co-students were Jan Swammerdam, Niels Stensen and Frederik Ruysch, one of their professors was Franciscus Sylvius. (All of them were interested in the organs of procreation). He submitted his doctoral thesis on the pancreas, and went to France where he obtained his medical degree from the University of Angers. While in Paris, he also turned to the study of the male genitalia, which led to a publication in 1668. Back in the Netherlands in 1667, De Graaf established himself in Delft. Since he was a Catholic in a mainly Protestant country, he was unable to follow a university career. After the early death of a son, De Graaf died in 1673 at age 32 and was buried in the Oude Kerk in Delft. The reason for his death is unknown. He was, however, affected by his controversy with Swammerdam (v.i.) and the death of his son. Recent speculation that he may have committed suicide is entirely unfounded. A few months before his death De Graaf recommended, as a correspondent of the Royal Society in London, that attention be paid to Antonie van Leeuwenhoek and his work on the improvement of the microscope.

wn.com/Regnier_de_Graaf
Richard Burgi
Richard William Burgi (born July 30, 1958) is an American film and television actor. He's known for the roles of Det. Jim Ellinson on The Sentinel and as Karl Mayer on Desperate Housewives.
Burgi was born in the suburbs of Montclair, New Jersey. His family was involved in community theatre. His brother Chuck Burgi was a drummer for Billy Joel. After high school, Burgi travelled through the US and Europe, taking odd jobs.
Burgi married Lori Kahn on November 25, 1995. They have two sons, Jack and Samuel, that live in Laguna Beach, California. Jack was born December 8, 1996, and Samuel (Sam) was born August 15, 2000.
Burgi began his career in New York which led to regular roles on the Manhattan-based daytime soap operas One Life to Live, Another World and As The World Turns. After moving to Los Angeles, he starred on another soap opera, Days of our Lives. He later received a role on Viper after a string of guest appearances on television shows, including a television film debut in Chameleons in 1989. His first lead role was in the 1994 television series One West Waikiki.

wn.com/Richard_Burgi
Richard Linklater
Richard Stuart Linklater (born July 30, 1960) is an American film director and screenwriter.
Linklater was born in Houston, Texas. He studied at Sam Houston State University and left midway through his stint in college to work on an off-shore oil rig in the Gulf of Mexico. While working on the rig he read a lot of literature, but on land he developed a love of film through repeated visits to a repertory theater in Houston. It was at this point that Linklater realized he wanted to be a filmmaker. After his job on the oil rig, Linklater used the money he had saved to buy a Super-8 camera, a projector, and some editing equipment, and moved to Austin. It was there that the aspiring cineaste founded the Austin Film Society and grew to appreciate such auteurs as Robert Bresson, Yasujiro Ozu, Rainer Werner Fassbinder, Josef Von Sternberg, and Carl Theodor Dreyer. He enrolled in Austin Community College in the fall of 1984 to study film.
Since his early 20s, Linklater has been a vegetarian.
Linklater founded the Austin Film Society in 1985 together with his frequent collaborator Lee Daniel, and is lauded for launching and solidifying the city of Austin as a hub for independent filmmaking.

wn.com/Richard_Linklater
Robert Korzeniowski
Robert Korzeniowski (born July 30, 1968 in Lubaczów) is a former Polish racewalker. He has won four gold medals at the Summer Olympics and three at world championships.
Korzeniowski is a three-peat winner of the 50 km walk at the Summer Olympics. He won 1996 in Atlanta, 2000 in Sydney, and 2004 in Athens. In addition, he became the first athlete to claim both the long distance and the short distance crown, when he won the 20 km title at the 2000 games. He won world championship titles in 1997, 2001, and 2003. He won two times a European Championship in Budapest 1998 and in Munich 2002. He is also the former world record holder in the 50 kilometers race.
He retired after the 2004 Games and became actively involved in various roles at the International Olympic Committee. He was also the coach and mentor of former world record-holder Francisco Javier Fernández. Since 2005 he worked for Polish Public Television as a chief of sport department and in 2007 he became a General Manager of TVP Sport, a new specialized channel in Poland. On 6 November 2009 he announced his resignation.

wn.com/Robert_Korzeniowski
Roberta Pedon
Roberta Pedon (born 2 May 1954) is the stage name of a big-bust American glamour model who appeared in men's magazines in the 1970s.
Born in Ohio to Latvian-Jewish parents, Pedon relocated first to San Francisco and then to Venice, California to start a modeling career. By the winter of 1972-73 she was 18 and living with a college student in San Francisco. ... She separated from her lover and in March, 1973, moved to Venice, California, not far from Hollywood. Bob Ellison and John Kirk, both well-known glamour photographers in Los Angeles, have been credited with discovering her.^{[citation needed]} She was known by many pseudonyms (Roberta Pedon, Melody O'Hare, Roberta Baird and Roberta Weaver.) "Roberta Pedon" was the name she had fully adopted by 1973. The "Melody O'Hare" moniker supposedly came from the name of one of her best friends in junior high. Pedon's nickname was "Mooschi", an Americanized spelling of the German slang term for the pudenda - "Muschi". She modelled/acted under the names Robin, Robbie, Roberta, Sam, Melody O'Hare, and Roberta Weaver.^{[citation needed]}

wn.com/Roberta_Pedon
Ryszard Riedel
Ryszard Henryk Riedel (September 7, 1956 in Chorzów - July 30, 1994 in Chorzów) – was the original lead singer of blues-rock band Dżem (Polish for 'jam'). He is often regarded as one of the most popular and well known vocalist of Polish music along with occasional collaborator Czesław Niemen. Riedel's legacy is remembered by an annual festival in Tychy.
Ryszard Riedel was born on the 7th September, 1956 in Chorzów. He was the second child of Krystyna and Jan (his sister Małgorzata is one year older). He finished his education after the 7th grade of primary school. He has never attended any singing course, he was a self-taught vocalist. His wide music influences during that time were bands like Free (Paul Rodgers was Riedel`s favourite vocalist),later Bad Company, Cream, The Allman Brothers Band, and The Doors. In December 1973 at the age of 17 he joined Dżem. In his initial years he was instrumental in keeping the band together. At the beginning of his career he was asked to join Kombi, but he turned down the offer. His lyrics contained many autobiographical elements. Throughout his carrier he collaborated with many Polish artists such as: Rysiek Skibiński, Leszek Winder, Józef Skrzek, Nocna Zmiana Bluesa. In the subsequent years he became a heavy drug user (mainly heroin) which led to numerous arguments within the band. He led a life of an outsider, ignored rehearsals and even his own concerts. Despite his deteriorating condition the band continued to collaborate with him until he was forced to attend another detox in 1994 which again was unsuccessful.

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Réal Cloutier
Réal "Buddy" Cloutier (born July 30, 1956) is a retired Canadian ice hockey winger. Cloutier spent his most prolific years in the World Hockey Association (WHA) with the Quebec Nordiques. As the WHA folded, he played the remainder of his career with the Quebec Nordiques and the Buffalo Sabres in the National Hockey League (NHL).
Touted as one of the most brilliant prospects in the history of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League, Cloutier played junior hockey for the Quebec Remparts, leading his team to back to back Memorial Cup finals and winning the championship in 1974. His final season with the Remparts saw him score 216 points to lead his squad.
In Cloutier's day, the National Hockey League did not allow teenagers to play, so he signed with the Quebec Nordiques of the World Hockey Association and made an immediate impact in his 1974–75 rookie season. He scored 26 goals and helped the Nordiques to the AVCO Cup finals.
The next season saw Cloutier break into stardom, as he scored 60 goals to begin a streak of four seasons of at least 56 goals. In 1976–77 season, he scored 66 goals and 141 points to lead the WHA in scoring, adding 14 goals and 13 assists in 17 playoff games to lead the Nordiques to their only AVCO Cup championship. His best goal scoring season came in the WHA's final season of 1978–79, when he scored 75 goals, at the time the third highest total in professional history.^{[citation needed]}

wn.com/Réal_Cloutier
Sagi Kalev
Sagi Kalev ( born July 30, 1971 in Tel Aviv) is the creator and trainer of BODY BEAST, the latest intense body-building and fitness program by Beachbody. The former two-time "Mr. Israel" and fitness model, bodybuilding title-holder, and nutritionist and resident of Dallas, Texas, immigrated to the United States in 1993 to pursue bodybuilding and modeling.
Sagi, who has appeared in numerous fitness and bodybuilding photo shoots for Muscle & Fitness, Iron Man, Reps, Men's Workout and Hardcore Muscle magazines, is also co-proprietor of a Dallas, Texas gym where he is a personal trainer and nutritional counselor.
After a four-year tour of duty in the Israeli Army, including participation in Operation Desert Storm, Sagi resumed his weightlifting and bodybuilding interests, capturing two "Mr. Israel" titles in the process, as well as his college education, graduating with a degree in physical education and a minor in nutrition from the University of Central Florida. Kalev has earned his certifications in some of the top fitness and nutrition fields including Certified Nutrition Specialist, Functional Diagnostic Nutrition, Master Professional Trainer, and Certified Metabolic Typing Advisor.

wn.com/Sagi_Kalev
Salvador Novo
Salvador Novo López (30 July 1904 – 13 January 1974) was a Mexican writer, poet, playwright, translator, television presenter, entrepreneur, and the official chronicler of Mexico City, his birthplace and home. As a noted intellectual, he influenced popular perceptions of politics, media, the arts, and Mexican society in general. He was a member of Los Contemporáneos, a group of Mexican writers, as well as of the Mexican Academy of the Language.
Novo defied the machismo and conservative Catholicism prevalent in 20th century Mexican culture by making almost no efforts to conceal his sexuality. He was, however, accepted by the Mexican government. He held official posts related to culture, was elected to the Mexican Language Academy, and had a television program on Mexico City's history. Towards the end of his life, he dyed his hair a bright carrot color and wore many ostentatious rings and colored suits. He has been compared to Oscar Wilde, but unlike Wilde, Novo never suffered the setback of scandal or persecution and remained an accepted and respected member of society and governmental circles until his death. In fact, some sectors resented the fact that a gay writer would align himself so closely with the government and media after the repression of social movements in the 1960s and 1970s.

wn.com/Salvador_Novo
Sam Phillips
Samuel Cornelius Phillips (January 5, 1923 – July 30, 2003), better known as Sam Phillips, was an American businessman, record executive, record producer and DJ who played an important role in the emergence of rock and roll as the major form of popular music in the 1950s. He was a producer, label owner, and talent scout throughout the '40s and '50s. He most notably founded Sun Studios and Sun Records in Memphis, Tennessee. Through Sun, Phillips discovered such recording talent as Howlin' Wolf, Carl Perkins, Jerry Lee Lewis and Johnny Cash. The height of his success culminated in his launching of Elvis Presley's career in 1954. He is also associated with several other noteworthy rhythm and blues and rock and roll stars of the period. Phillips sold Sun in 1969. He was an early investor in the Holiday Inn chain of hotels.
Phillips was the youngest of eight children, born on a farm near Florence, Alabama to poor tenant farmers. As a child he picked cotton in the fields with his parents alongside black laborers. The experience of the workers singing in the fields left a big impression on the young Phillips. Travelling through Memphis with his family in 1939 on the way to see a preacher in Dallas, he slipped off to look at Beale Street, at the time the heart of the city's music scene. "I just fell totally in love," he later recalled.

wn.com/Sam_Phillips
Samuel de Champlain
Samuel de Champlain (French pronunciation: [samɥɛl də ʃɑ̃plɛ̃] born Samuel Champlain; August 13 1574 – December 25, 1635), "The Father of New France", was a French navigator, cartographer, draughtsman, soldier, explorer, geographer, ethnologist, diplomat, and chronicler. He founded New France and Quebec City on July 3, 1608. He is important to Canadian history because he made the first accurate map of the coast and he helped establish the settlements.
Born into a family of master mariners, Champlain, while still a young man, began exploring North America in 1603 under the guidance of François Gravé Du Pont. From 1604 to 1607 Champlain participated in the exploration and settlement of the first permanent European settlement north of Florida, Port Royal, Acadia (1605). Then, in 1608, he established the French settlement that is now Quebec City. Champlain was the first European to explore and describe the Great Lakes, and published maps of his journeys and accounts of what he learned from the natives and the French living among the Natives. He formed relationships with local Montagnais and Innu and later with others farther west (Ottawa River, Lake Nipissing, or Georgian Bay), with Algonquin and with Huron Wendat, and agreed to provide assistance in their wars against the Iroquois.

wn.com/Samuel_de_Champlain
Samuel Rogers
Samuel Rogers (30 July 1763 – 18 December 1855) was an English poet, during his lifetime one of the most celebrated, although his fame has long since been eclipsed by his Romantic colleagues and friends Wordsworth, Coleridge and Byron. His recollections of these and other friends such as Charles James Fox are key sources for information about London artistic and literary life, with which he was intimate, and which he used his wealth to support. He made his money as a banker and was also a discriminating art collector.
Rogers was born at Newington Green, then a village north of Islington, London. His father, Thomas Rogers, a banker, was the son of a Stourbridge glass manufacturer, who was also a merchant in Cheapside. Thomas married Mary, the only daughter of his father's partner, Daniel Radford, becoming himself a partner shortly afterwards. On his mother's side Samuel Rogers was connected with the well-known English Dissenters clergymen Philip Henry and his son Matthew, was brought up in Nonconformist circles, and became a long-standing member of the Unitarian congregation at Newington Green, then led by the remarkable Dr Richard Price. He was educated in Hackney and Stoke Newington.

wn.com/Samuel_Rogers
Sara Anzanello
Sara Anzanello (born 30 July 1980) is an Italian volleyball player in the middle hitter-blocker role.
Anzanello was born in San Donà di Piave, province of Venice. She debuted for Italy national team in 1998, when she was 17 years old. She has a total of 203 caps for her team.
She currently plays for Azərreyl Baku.

wn.com/Sara_Anzanello
Show Luo
SHOW commonly known by his nickname Xiao Zhu (Little Pig) is a Taiwanese Singer, Dancer, Actor, and Host.
SHOW started beating drums at the age of 3 and performed alongside his parents as a child, his mother was a singer and his father hosted parties & events. SHOW is dubbed Asia's Dance King by the Taiwanese media. In 2007, he opened up his own clothing brand STAGE in Taiwan, and later expanded the store to Hong Kong, and Singapore; his clothing brand can also be found in selected stores in China, USA, and Australia. SHOW is well known for hosting 100% Entertainment alongside Alien Huang and Butterfly Sister.
In 1996, Show entered the entertainment industry by contesting in a competition imitating Aaron Kwok. Along with three other contestants, they debuted as a quartet boy band in Taiwan. The boy band quickly disbanded as two members left for compulsory military service. That same year, he formed a duo group ROMEO with Ou Di. They released 2 albums, but the group soon disbanded also as Ou Di left for conscription. From 2000-2002 Show concentrated on hosting several variety game shows.

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Sid Krofft
Sid Krofft (born 30 July 1929) is a Canadian/American puppeteer and television producer. He created and produced a wide array of shows and TV series and specials with his brother, Marty, beginning in the 1960s.
Cydus Yolas (later to be known as Sid Krofft) was born in 1929 to Peter, a clock salesman, and his wife Mary. Cydus took an interest in puppeteering at an early age. The family moved from Canada to Rhode Island to New York. By 1937, Sid was staging puppet shows in the family's backyard with paper puppets, and the boy planned to charge peers a penny to view it. When his parents forbade that idea, Sid instead charged friends a button to see the show (decades later, buttons became the standard currency on Living Island of the Krofft TV show H.R. Pufnstuf).
Encouraged by his family, Sid took his act on the road, starring in circuses such as Ringling Brothers at age 15, carnivals and burlesque shows, and he was soon joined by his father, who worked as Sid's apprentice.
By the 1950s, Sid was touring as the opening act for numerous celebrities, including Judy Garland, Liberace, Cyd Charisse and Tony Martin. Sid was in dire need of another puppeteer when he opened for Judy Garland at the Flamingo Hotel, so he asked his younger brother Marty to assist. The two have been business partners ever since, forming Sid and Marty Krofft Productions.

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Simon Baker
Simon Baker (born 30 July 1969) is an Australian actor and director. Since 2008, he has starred as the lead role in the CBS television series The Mentalist as Patrick Jane.
Simon Baker was born to a high-school English teacher, Elizabeth Labberton, and a groundskeeper/mechanic, Barry Baker, on 30 July 1969, in Launceston, Tasmania. He was raised as a Roman Catholic. His parents divorced while he was still young. His mother later married Tom Denny, a butcher. Simon Baker also has a sister, currently a doctor in Australia, and three younger half brothers. By 1972, they had moved from Launceston to Ballina, New South Wales, hoping to secure better paying jobs. In 1986, he graduated from Ballina High School as Simon Baker-Denny, after completing his primary school education at St. Francis Xavier Catholic Primary School, also in Ballina.
Baker began acting on Australian television during the late 1980s using the name "Simon Denny". He first appeared in music video clips for Melissa Tkautz ("Read My Lips") and Australian dance outfit Euphoria ("Love You Right") in 1991 before appearing in the successful series E Street, Home and Away and Heartbreak High. As "Simon Baker Denny" he was a co-star of the David Croft/Jeremy Lloyd sitcom pilot, Which Way to the War, which was not developed into a series.

wn.com/Simon_Baker
Smedley Butler
Smedley Darlington Butler (July 30, 1881 – June 21, 1940) was a Major General in the U.S. Marine Corps, an outspoken critic of U.S. military adventurism, and at the time of his death the most decorated Marine in U.S. history.
During his 34-year career as a Marine, he participated in military actions in the Philippines, China, in Central America and the Caribbean during the Banana Wars, and France in World War I. By the end of his career, he had received 16 medals, five for heroism. He is one of 19 men to twice receive the Medal of Honor, one of three to be awarded both the Marine Corps Brevet Medal and the Medal of Honor, and the only man to be awarded the Brevet Medal and two Medals of Honor, all for separate actions.
In his 1935 book War is a Racket, he described the workings of the military-industrial complex and, after retiring from service, became a popular speaker at meetings organized by veterans, pacifists and church groups in the 1930s.
In 1934, he became involved in a controversy known as the Business Plot when he told a congressional committee that a group of wealthy industrialists were planning a military coup to overthrow Franklin D. Roosevelt. The purported plot would have had Butler leading a mass of armed veterans in a march on Washington. The individuals identified denied the existence of a plot, and the media ridiculed the allegations. The final report of the committee stated that there was evidence that such a plot existed, but no charges were ever filed. The opinion of most historians is that while planning for a coup was not very advanced, wild schemes were discussed.

wn.com/Smedley_Butler
Sonu Nigam
Sonu Nigam (born 30 July 1973 in Faridabad, Haryana, India) is an Indian singer whose songs have been featured in numerous Hindi and Kannada movies, as well as films in Tamil, Assamese, Punjabi, Bengali, Marathi and Telugu. He has also released numerous Indi-pop albums and acted in a few Hindi movies. He had changed the spelling of his last name from 'Nigam' to 'Niigaam' in accordance with numerology, but later returned to the original spelling 'Nigam'.
Sonu Nigam began his singing career at the age of three, when he joined his father on stage to sing Mohammed Rafi's "Kya Hua Tera Vaada, Wo Kasam Wo Irada". From then on Sonu accompanied his father on his singing appearances at weddings and parties. In his teenage years he successfully participated in several music competitions. He moved to Mumbai with his father to begin his Bollywood singing career at the age of 19.
His initial years in Mumbai proved to be a struggle, beginning by singing covers of Mohammed Rafi songs, mainly for a number of Rafi Ki Yaadein albums released by T-Series. T-Series promoter Gulshan Kumar played a key role in identifying Nigam's talent by giving him a chance to reach a larger audience. These albums contributed to T-Series for some years although Nigam's singing style was regarded by some to be like that of a "Rafi clone". Nigam's first movie song as a playback singer was Janam (1990), which was never officially released. He also got a break in radio commercials until he appeared on the popular TV show Sa Re Ga Ma, after which there was no turning back. He was trained by classical singer Ustad Ghulam Mustafa Khan.

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Soraida Martinez
Soraida Martinez is a contemporary abstract expressionist artist who creates hard-edge paintings. She was born in Harlem, New York City, USA on July 30, 1956.
Since 1992 Soraida Martinez has been known as the creator of Verdadism, a form of hard-edge abstraction where each painting is accompanied by a written social commentary. Martinez is the only artist to write a social statement for every painting that she creates. Viewers are drawn to both the artist's abstract paintings and her bold commentaries on humanity and the universal human condition. According to Martinez' artist's statement, "My art reflects the essence of my true self and the truth within me...My struggle is for recognition, acceptance and inclusion; and, against racism, sexism and the dominant eurocentric male society, which never expected much from me but still did not allow my voice to be heard. My belief is that one must empower oneself with one's own truth...".
Soraida Martinez was born in New York City in 1956 and since 1986 has been in business as the owner of an art and design studio. Martinez studied art at Glassboro State College, where she graduated in 1981 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts with a specialization in design; she also holds a Liberal Arts degree focusing on psychology. In Verdadism, every painting is always accompanied by a written social commentary based on Martinez' personal life experiences and observations on American society. Because it directly confronted social issues at a time when it was not fashionable, Verdadism has been called the first socially conscious art style of the 21st century.

wn.com/Soraida_Martinez
Teoctist Arăpaşu
Teoctist (Romanian pronunciation: [te.okˈtist], born Toader Arăpaşu; February 7, 1915 – July 30, 2007) was the Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church from 1986 to 2007.
Teoctist served his first years as patriarch under the Romanian Communist regime, and was accused by some of collaboration. He offered his resignation after the Romanian Revolution of 1989, but was soon restored to office and served a further 17 years.
A promoter of ecumenical dialogue, Patriarch Teoctist invited Pope John Paul II to visit Romania in 1999. It was the first visit of a Pope to a predominantly Eastern Orthodox country since the East-West Schism of 1054.
He was born as the tenth of eleven children of Dumitru and Marghioala Arăpaşu, of Tocileni, Botoşani County. He attended the primary school in Tocileni (1921–1927).
In 1928, Arăpaşu became a novice at Sihăstria Voronei Hermitage, and later at Vorona Monastery. He became a monk on 6 August 1935 at the Bistriţa-Neamţ Monastery. In 1940, he began his studies at Theology School at the University of Bucharest, from which he graduated in 1945. On March 1, 1945, he was sent to Iaşi, where he was ordained hieromonk on 25 March 1945, and archimandrite in 1946. Between 1946 and 1947, he studied Literature and Philosophy at the University of Iaşi.

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Terry Crews
Terrence Alan "Terry" Crews (born July 30, 1968) is an American actor, comedian, voice artist and a former player in the National Football League. He is perhaps best known for his role as family patriarch Julius on the UPN/CW sitcom Everybody Hates Chris. Currently, he stars in the TBS sitcom Are We There Yet? as Nick Kingston-Persons. Additionally, he stars in the BET reality series The Family Crews, and has appeared in such films as The 6th Day, Friday After Next, White Chicks, Idiocracy and The Expendables.
In 2010 Crews was featured in several Old Spice TV commercials for their "Odor Blocker Body Wash", and in 2012 for their body spray, directed by Tim Heidecker and Eric Wareheim.
Crews was born in Flint, Michigan, the son of Patricia and Terry Crews, Sr. He attended Flint Southwestern Academy. He earned an Art Excellence Scholarship to attend the Interlochen Center for the Arts and then Western Michigan University.
While completing his studies as hop an Art major, Crews was a key member of the WMU football team, where he earned all-conference honors as a defensive end. Crews was drafted by the Los Angeles Rams of the NFL in the 11th round of the 1991 NFL Draft. He carved out a career that lasted seven seasons, including stints with the Rams, San Diego Chargers, the Washington Redskins and the Philadelphia Eagles.

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The McGuire Sisters
The McGuire Sisters were a singing trio in American popular music. The group was composed of three sisters: Christine McGuire (born July 30, 1929), Dorothy McGuire (born February 13, 1928), and Phyllis McGuire (born February 14, 1931). Among their most popular songs are "Sincerely" and "Sugartime".
The McGuire sisters were born in Middletown, Ohio and grew up in Miamisburg where their mother, Lillie, was an ordained minister of the Miamisburg First Church of God (Anderson, Indiana) and let them sing in the church as young girls. They sang at weddings, funerals and church revivals. When they started in 1935, the youngest sister, Phyllis, was only four years old. Eventually, they sang at occasions other than church-related ones and, by 1949, they were singing at military bases and veterans' hospitals. They incorporated a more diverse repertoire for those events, expanding into more than the usual hymns they had sung at church.
In 1952, they signed with Coral Records label. That same year, they appeared on Arthur Godfrey's Talent Scouts and, as a result, Godfrey hired them for his other shows, where they remained for seven years. Cosmopolitan's November 1953 issue called them "Godfrey's Merry McGuires."

wn.com/The_McGuire_Sisters
Thomas Abel
The Blessed Thomas Abel (or Abell) (ca. 1497 – 30 July 1540) was an English priest who was martyred during the reign of Henry VIII. The place and date of his birth are unknown.
A brief word about spelling and pronunciation: Thomas Abell (spelled correctly with the double "l'" and pronounced as "A bell" (rhymes with "day bell"), not as "able." The final "l" was dropped due to bureaucratic sloppiness, and the resultant mispronunciation persisted, on and off, for several centuries. The evidence of his engraving on the wall of the Beauchamp Tower should be sufficient demonstration of how he pronounced, and spelled, his name.
He was educated at Oxford and entered the service of Queen Catherine as her chaplain some time before 1528 and appears to have taught the queen modern languages and music. Catherine sent him to Spain in 1528 to the emperor Charles V on a mission relating to the proposed divorce. On his return she presented him with the parochial benefice of Bradwell, in Essex, and he remained to the last a staunch supporter of the unfortunate queen in the case of the validity of her marriage with Henry VIII.

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Thomas Gray
Thomas Gray (26 December 1716 – 30 July 1771) was a poet, letter-writer, classical scholar and professor at Cambridge University.
Thomas Gray was born in Cornhill, London, the son of an exchange broker and a milliner. He was the fifth of 12 children and the only child of Philip and Dorothy Gray to survive infancy. He lived with his mother after she left his abusive father. He was educated at Eton College where his uncle was one of the masters. He recalled his schooldays as a time of great happiness, as is evident in his Ode on a Distant Prospect of Eton College. Gray was a delicate and scholarly boy who spent his time reading and avoiding athletics. It was probably fortunate for the sensitive Gray that he was able to live in his uncle’s household rather than at college. He made three close friends at Eton: Horace Walpole, son of Prime Minister Robert Walpole, Thomas Ashton, and Richard West. The four prided themselves on their sense of style, their sense of humour, and their appreciation of beauty.

wn.com/Thomas_Gray
Thorstein Veblen
Thorstein Bunde Veblen, born Torsten Bunde Veblen (July 30, 1857 – August 3, 1929) was an American economist and sociologist, and a leader of the institutional economics movement. Besides his technical work he was a popular and witty critic of capitalism, as shown by his best known book The Theory of the Leisure Class (1899).
Veblen is famous in the history of economic thought for combining a Darwinian evolutionary perspective with his new institutionalist approach to economic analysis. He combined sociology with economics in his masterpiece The Theory of the Leisure Class (1899) where he argued that there was a basic distinction between the productiveness of "industry", run by engineers manufacturing goods, vis-a-vis the parasitism of "business" that exists only to make profits for a leisure class. The chief activity of the leisure class was "conspicuous consumption", and their economic contribution is "waste," activity that contributes nothing to productivity. The American economy was thereby made inefficient and corrupt by the businessmen, though Veblen never made that claim explicit. He believed that technological advances were the driving force behind cultural change, but, unlike many contemporaries, refused to connect change with progress.

wn.com/Thorstein_Veblen
Tiago Alencar
Tiago Alencar dos Santos known as Tiago or Tiago Alencar (born 30 July 1986) is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Sport Club Corinthians Paranaense.
Born in Curitiba, Paraná, Tiago signed a contract with J. Malucelli in December 2004 but immediately loaned to Coritiba for 2-year.
He then returned to J. Malucelli and played for the team at 2007 Campeonato Paranaense and 2007 Copa Paraná, which the team won the latter and qualified to 2008 Campeonato Brasileiro Série C. At Série C, he played 5 games, and sent off in the 5th game. In 2009 season, he played once at 2009 Copa do Brasil and also played in the state league, which the team finished as the runner-up in the latter.
In August 2009 he was signed by Portuguese Primeira Liga club Vitória Guimarães. He failed to play any match and returned to Brazil for Mirassol until the end of 2010 Campeonato Paulista.
In July he was signed by Paraná until the end of 2010 Campeonato Brasileiro Série B.
He returned to Corinthians Paranaense (ex-J.Malucelli) in January 2011

wn.com/Tiago_Alencar
Tim Munton
Timothy Alan Munton (born 30 July 1965, Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire) was an English cricketer. He played two Test matches for England in 1992, but struggled to make an impression and was never selected again. A poor batsman, he averaged just above 10 in first-class cricket, with a highest score of 54 not out from 272 innings.
Cricket writer, Colin Bateman, stated, "at 6ft 6in, with an ability to make the ball swing, Munton is at his best in English conditions".
Munton played the bulk of his career for Warwickshire, making his first-class debut for the county against the touring Zimbabweans in 1985. His first County Championship appearance came a year later. He was Warwickshire's player of the season three times, including in the county's treble-winning 1994 season, when he took 81 wickets.
Munton suffered badly from injury, missing half the 1995 season and all of 1997, but in both 1998 and 1999 managed to average under 20 with the ball. In 2000, he moved to Derbyshire, making his final first-class appearance in July 2001. In first-cricket, Munton took a total of 737 wickets at 25.86 apiece.

wn.com/Tim_Munton
Tom Green
Michael Thomas "Tom" Green (born July 30, 1971) is a Canadian actor, rapper, writer, comedian, talk show host and media personality. Best known for his shock humour brand of comedy, Green found mainstream prominence via his MTV television show The Tom Green Show. Green was also in the public eye for his short-lived marriage to actress Drew Barrymore, and for his roles in such films as Freddy Got Fingered, Road Trip, Stealing Harvard and Charlie's Angels.
In June 2003, Green had the chance to guest-host the Late Show with David Letterman which led to him hosting his own late-night talk show on MTV entitled The New Tom Green Show. From 2006-2011, he hosted his internet talk show Tom Green's House Tonight from his living room and, as of January 2010, has started performing stand-up comedy.
Green was born in Pembroke, Ontario, the son of Mary Jane, a communications consultant, and Richard Green, a computer systems analyst and retired army captain. He grew up on a Canadian Army base near Pembroke, Ontario and later lived in Gloucester, Ontario (now part of the City of Ottawa) where he attended Colonel By Secondary School. Green studied television broadcasting at Algonquin College and graduated in 1994.

wn.com/Tom_Green
Ursus of Auxerre
Saint Ursus (Ours) of Auxerre (died 508 AD) was bishop of that city in the 6th century. He had been a hermit at the church of Saint Amator before being elected bishop at the age of 75. It is said he was elected after he had saved the town from a fire by his prayers.

wn.com/Ursus_of_Auxerre
Victor Wong
Victor Wong (July 30, 1927 – September 12, 2001) (Chinese: 黃自強; pinyin: Huáng Zìqiáng) was a Chinese American character actor who appeared in supporting roles throughout the 1980s and 1990s.
Victor Wong studied political science and journalism at the University of California, Berkeley and Theology at the University of Chicago under Paul Tillich, Reinhold Niebuhr and Martin Buber. When he returned to San Francisco, Wong resumed his studies at the San Francisco Art Institute under Mark Rothko.
After his news career ended, Wong turned to acting, starting in the local Asian American theatre and later landing larger roles on the stages New York City. In October 1980, Wong made his Asian American Theater Company (AATC) debut in San Francisco by appearing in their production of Paper Angels by Genny Lim. He was on Social Security Disability Insurance at the time.
His stage work led to television work and eventually, into movies. In between film roles, Wong lived in Sacramento, California, where he supported the local performing arts. In 1992, he acted in the Hong Kong film, Cageman (笼民). He later starred as the grandfather in the popular 3 Ninjas franchise, and the cult-classics, Big Trouble in Little China and Tremors.

wn.com/Victor_Wong
Walt Disney
Walter Elias "Walt" Disney (December 5, 1901 – December 15, 1966) was an American film producer, director, screenwriter, voice actor, animator, entrepreneur, entertainer, international icon, and philanthropist, well known for his influence in the field of entertainment during the 20th century. Along with his brother Roy O. Disney, he was co-founder of Walt Disney Productions, which later became one of the best-known motion picture producers in the world. The corporation is now known as The Walt Disney Company and had an annual revenue of approximately US$36 billion in the 2010 financial year.
Disney is particularly noted as a film producer and a popular showman, as well as an innovator in animation and theme park design. He and his staff created some of the world's most well-known fictional characters including Mickey Mouse, for whom Disney himself provided the original voice. During his lifetime he received four honorary Academy Awards and won 22 Academy Awards from a total of 59 nominations, including a record four in one year, giving him more awards and nominations than any other individual in history. Disney also won seven Emmy Awards and gave his name to the Disneyland and Walt Disney World Resort theme parks in the U.S., as well as the international resorts Tokyo Disney Resort, Disneyland Paris, and Hong Kong Disneyland.

wn.com/Walt_Disney
Walter Murdoch
Emeritus Professor Sir Walter Murdoch, KCMG (17 September 1874 – 30 July 1970) was a prominent Australian academic and essayist famous for his intelligence, wit, and humanity. He was a Founding Professor of English and former Chancellor of University of Western Australia in Perth. Murdoch University, also in Perth is named after him. There is a walk dedicated to him on South Wing Level 2 of the Murdoch campus library.
Walter Logie Forbes Murdoch was born on 17 September 1874 at Rosehearty, Scotland to Rev. James Murdoch, minister of the Free Church of Scotland, and his wife Helen, née Garden, and he was the youngest of their 14 children. He spent his first decade at Rosehearty and in England and France, and Walter arrived with his family in Melbourne in 1884. He attended Camberwell Grammar School and Scotch College. At the University of Melbourne, as a member of Ormond College, he won first-class honours in logic and philosophy.
After teaching experience, country and suburban, to the end of 1903, Murdoch's academic career began with appointment as a Melbourne University assistant lecturer in English. This was in what had virtually become a combined department under the classics professor T. G. Tucker. Murdoch published his first essay, 'The new school of Australian poets', in 1899, and he continued writing for the Argus, under the pen-name of 'Elzevir', in a column which appeared weekly from 1905 titled 'Books and Men'. On 22 December 1897 at Hawthorn, Melbourne, Murdoch had married Violet Catherine Hughston, a teacher.

wn.com/Walter_Murdoch
Wanda Hawley
Wanda Hawley (a.k.a. Wanda Petit), (July 30, 1895 – March 18, 1963) was a veteran of the silent screen films era. She entered the theatrical profession with an amateur group in Seattle, and later toured the U.S. and Canada as a singer. She co-starred with Rudolph Valentino in the 1922's The Young Rajah, and rose to stardom in a number of Cecil B. DeMille and director Sam Wood's films.
Hawley was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania, but together with her family moved to Seattle, Washington, when she was a child. She received her education in Seattle.
Hawley made her screen debut with the Fox Film Corporation and after playing with them for eight months joined time Famous Players-Lasky and appeared as leading lady for Douglas Fairbanks, in Mr. Fix-It (1918)
She had also appeared opposite William S. Hart, Charlie Ray, Bryant Washburn, Wally Reid and others. She was five feet three inches high, weighed a hundred and ten pounds, and had blond hair and greyish blue eyes. She was an able sportswoman.
With the advent of sound, Hawley's career ended, and she reportedly was working as a call girl in San Francisco by the early 1930s. She is interred in the Abbey of Psalms in the Hollywood Forever Cemetery in Hollywood, CA.

wn.com/Wanda_Hawley
William Atherton
William Atherton (born July 30, 1947), born William Atherton Knight II, is an American film, stage and television actor.
Atherton was born in Orange, Connecticut, the son of Robert Atherton Knight and Roby (maiden name Robison). He studied acting at the Drama School at Carnegie Tech and graduated from Carnegie-Mellon University in 1969.
Atherton made a splash on the New York stage immediately after graduating college and worked with many of the country's leading playwrights including David Rabe, John Guare and Arthur Miller, winning numerous awards for his work on and off Broadway. He got his big break playing hapless fugitive Clovis Poplin in The Sugarland Express, the feature film debut of Steven Spielberg. After this, he garnered major roles in dark dramas such as The Day of the Locust and Looking for Mr. Goodbar, as well as the big-budget disaster film The Hindenburg. He also starred as cowboy Jim Lloyd in the ground-breaking 1978 miniseries Centennial, based on the novel by James Michener.

wn.com/William_Atherton
William Penn
William Penn (October 14, 1644 – July 30, 1718) was an English real estate entrepreneur, philosopher, and founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, the English North American colony and the future Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. He was an early champion of democracy and religious freedom, notable for his good relations and successful treaties with the Lenape Indians. Under his direction, the city of Philadelphia was planned and developed.
In 1681, King Charles II handed over a large piece of his American land holdings to William Penn to satisfy a debt the king owed to Penn's father. This land included present-day Pennsylvania and Delaware. Penn immediately sailed to America and his first step on American soil took place in New Castle in 1682. On this occasion, the colonists pledged allegiance to Penn as their new Proprietor, and the first general assembly was held in the colony. Afterwards, Penn journeyed up river and founded Philadelphia. However, Penn's Quaker government was not viewed favorably by the Dutch, Swedish, and English settlers in what is now Delaware. They had no "historical" allegiance to Pennsylvania, so they almost immediately began petitioning for their own Assembly. In 1704 they achieved their goal when the three southernmost counties of Pennsylvania were permitted to split off and become the new semi-autonomous colony of Lower Delaware. As the most prominent, prosperous and influential "city" in the new colony, New Castle became the capital.

wn.com/William_Penn
Yvonne Strahovski
Yvonne Strahovski (born Yvonne Strzechowski; 30 July 1982) is an Australian actress. Born in Australia to Polish immigrant parents, Strahovski speaks Polish and English. After graduating from the University of Western Sydney, she featured in a number of Australian television shows. She then starred as Sarah Walker in the American television series Chuck, a role of which she is widely known for. She is also noted as the voice of Miranda Lawson in the Mass Effect trilogy.
Strahovski was born in Campbelltown, a suburb of Sydney, as Yvonne Strzechowski to Peter and Bozena Strzechowski. Her parents had emigrated from Warsaw, Poland. She adopted the more phonetic spelling of Strahovski as her stage name at Chuck, which was at producer Josh Schwartz's behest for the sake of easier pronunciation. Strahovski's father is an electronic engineer, and her mother works as a lab technician. Strahovski started acting when she played Viola in a school production of Twelfth Night.
She spent her high school years attending Santa Sabina College, Strathfield. She graduated from University of Western Sydney's Theatre Nepean in 2003.

wn.com/Yvonne_Strahovski

Sara Male July 30

...

published: 20 Jan 2013

author: OmegaShepherds

July 30, 2012 7:29 PM

This video was uploaded from an Android phone....

published: 19 Jan 2013

author: Ghin Villato

Eminem - No Love (Explicit Version) ft. Lil Wayne

published: 29 Sep 2010

author: EminemVEVO

News Edition in Albanian Language - Vizion Plus - 2012 - July 30 - 15:00

www.vizionplus.tv http Main events of the day in Albanian Language News Edition...

published: 30 Jul 2012

author: VizionPlusAlbania

Ek Hazzaron Mein Meri Behana Hai - 30th July 2012

Viren shares the joy of becoming a father with Viraat. Jeevika shares the good news with M...

published: 30 Jul 2012

author: starplus

Ningalkkum Aakam Kodeeswaran 30-07-12

Ningalkkum Aakam Kodeeswaran 30-07-12...

published: 31 Jul 2012

author: Asianetindia

Thalía - Cosiéndome el corazón HQ

Primera fila (English: [In] Front Row) is the first Live CD/DVD album by Mexican singer-so...

published: 31 Aug 2011

author: TheMariathalyfan

Amrithavarshini 07/30/12

Story of a soft and conservative girl who gets married to a rich family and adapts herself...

published: 30 Jul 2012

author: suvarna

Keladi Chennamma - 30 07 2012 episode 1

Description: Success story of a brave and beautiful lady from Karnataka, who ruled the Kel...

published: 30 Jul 2012

author: suvarna

Amman 07/30/12

A religious drama depicting the Power of Goddess Amman....

published: 31 Jul 2012

author: STARVIJAY

Iss Pyaar Ko Kya Naam Doon - 30th July 2012

Khushi massages Arnav's back with oil after he gets injured at the Gupta house. Arnav taun...

published: 30 Jul 2012

author: starplus

Rashi - Episode 471 - 30th July 2012

Watch latest "Rashi" webisodes on www.zeebangla.com...

published: 30 Jul 2012

author: zeebangla

Let's Play Borderlands - #30: Guardians

Our first time meeting them!...

published: 25 Aug 2011

author: Sagemaster15

Bhagyavantharu - 30 07 2012 episode 1

This is a plot which narrates the story of two joint families and the cold enemity between...

published: 30 Jul 2012

author: suvarna

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photo: Creative Commons / Gage Skidmore

Actress Angelina Jolie on the Salt panel at the 2010 San Diego Comic Con in San Diego, California.

Angelina Jolie likes being sexy

m&c;

18 Jan 2013

Angelina Jolie likes being a sex symbol. The Oscar-winning actress is regarded as one of the world's most beautiful women and she enjoys being told she looks good as it's important to feel sexy ... ....(size: 1.0Kb)

photo: AP / Sergei Chuzavkov

Ukraine's Prime Minister and presidential candidate Yulia Tymoshenko speaks to the media in Kiev, Ukraine, Sunday, Feb. 7, 2010.

Ukraine Government Plans to Charge Ex-Premier With Murder

The New York Times

19 Jan 2013

MOSCOW — The government of President Viktor F. Yanukovich of Ukraine said Friday that it planned to bring murder charges against his political rival, the jailed former prime minister, Yulia V. Tymoshenko, in connection with the 1996 assassination of a member of Parliament. Connect With Us on Twitter. Follow @nytimesworld for international breaking news and headlines. Twitter List. Reporters and Editors ... He said that Ms ... Ms ... Ms ...   ... ....(size: 8.0Kb)

photo: US Army / Sgt. 1st Class Abram Pinnington

File - Spc. Wickham, an infantryman and 240B gunner, and another soldier, assigned to Company D, 1st Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment, 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), pull rear security while on a short halt during an Afghan National Security Forces-led mission in rural areas of Zormat district, Afghanistan, Dec. 10, 2012.

Is Mali the next Afghanistan?

Stars and Stripes

20 Jan 2013

WASHINGTON -- The war rages about cities with names such as Goa and Timbuktu, in a sparsely populated, mostly flat, dusty and landlocked country in northwest Africa ... It sounds as if it could be the plot for a new Indiana Jones adventure ... Some U.S ... Afghanistan ... J ... The U.N ... The kidnapping this week at an Algerian natural-gas plant, which appears to have left 30 hostages and 18 kidnappers dead, and the attack last September on the U.S ... ....(size: 6.6Kb)

photo: US Army / Staff Sgt. Michael R. Noggle

File - Senegalese and Malian soldiers train with U.S. special forces in Mali during a military training engagement, May 11, 2010 in Bamako, Mali as part of Exercise Flintlock 10.

Al-Qaeda in the Heart of Africa

Antiwar

18 Jan 2013

“For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction” is Newton’s third law of physics. Its counterpart in geopolitics is “blowback,” when military action in one sphere produces an unintended and undesirable consequence in another. September 11, 2001, was blowback. George H.W. Bush had sent an army of half a million to hurl Saddam Hussein out of Kuwait, a triumph ... bases in Saudi Arabia ... Patrick J....(size: 5.8Kb)

photo: AP / SITE Intel Group

This image from video provided by the SITE Intel Group made available Thursday Jan. 17, 2013, purports to show militant militia leader Moktar Belmoktar.

Mokhtar Belmokhtar: Algeria's Link To Al Qaeda

Skynews

18 Jan 2013

He's known as Mr Marlboro because of his cigarette smuggling. The French intelligence service calls him "The Uncatchable".. The truth is Mokhtar Belmokhtar and his fellow North African Jihadists are rapidly emerging as Europe's most potent strategic threat.. Born in central Algeria in 1972 he grew obsessed with Jihadi ideology in his teens. At 19 he volunteered to fight alongside the mujahedeen in Afghanistan . ... "He is very cold ... ....(size: 8.4Kb)

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GNLA chief to contest Meghalaya polls

Headlines India

20 Jan 2013

Shillong, Jan 20. Jailed Garo National Liberation Army's (GNLA) chief Champion R ... Sangma was arrested July 30 near the India-Bangladesh border in Meghalaya ... ....(size: 0.8Kb)

Half of Queenslanders feel financial pain: poll

Canberra Times

20 Jan 2013

The LNP has gained ground with Queensland voters despite nearly half feeling their family is worse off financially than last year. The ReachTEL poll, commissioned by Seven News, shows an aggressive campaign of job and spending cuts is still hurting Queensland Premier Campbell Newman, but his government would still easily win a state election ... Last July, more than 30 per cent of voters rated his performance as "very good" ... - with AAP . ....(size: 2.1Kb)

Official 2012 free agent signings tracker (Ottawa Senators)

noodls

19 Jan 2013

... story ›› JULY 23 F Kris Versteeg Florida Florida Read story ›› JULY 22 D Mark Fistric Dallas Dallas Read story ›› JULY 20 F Jerome Samson Carolina Carolina Read story ›› JULY 20 F Daniel Winnik Anaheim San Jose Read story ›› JULY 20 F Nikolai Kulemin Toronto Toronto Read story ›› JULY 20 F Sam Gagner Edmonton Edmonton Read story ›› JULY 19 F T.J....(size: 74.2Kb)

Bad weld likely cause of biplane crash

The Columbus Dispatch

19 Jan 2013

Two experienced pilots — Don Gum, 73, of Beavercreek, and Mitchell Cary, 64, of Yellow Springs — died when the plane crashed about 3 miles from an airport in Springfield, where they had taken off on July 30, 2011 ......(size: 4.5Kb)

Grits for Breakfast

The Dallas Morning News

19 Jan 2013

... (42) ► August (49) ► July (30) ► June (38) ► May (48) ► April (75) ► March (91) ► February (71) ► January (138) ► 2004 (194) ► December (80) ► November (68) ► October (45) ► January (1)....(size: 21.7Kb)

Paso Robles settles lawsuit alleging excessive force by police officer

The Tribune San Luis Obispo

19 Jan 2013

Atascadero's City Administration Building set to reopen this summer. 19 minutes ago ... 9 minutes ago ... Deals! ... Rodi Bragg was awarded $50,000 by the city after filing the federal lawsuit, which stemmed from a July 30, 2010, incident outside Scolari’s in which Officer Jeffry Bromby allegedly used excessive force to arrest her for minor offenses, according to the announcement ... The lawsuit filed July 18, 2012, in U.S ... ....(size: 14.1Kb)

Luna, Smith among preseason non-roster invitees (Colorado Rapids)

noodls

19 Jan 2013

(Source. Colorado Rapids). Commerce City, Colo. - Among the players taking the preseason physicals and tests at Dick's Sporting Goods Park the past two days were six non-roster invitees, including veteran midfielder Jamie Smith and former FC Dallas forward Ruben Luna ... The former Mexican Under-20 international signed with FCD as a Homegrown player on July 30, 2010 after two standout Academy seasons under the direction of Oscar Pareja....(size: 3.5Kb)

Fitch Rates Upper Iowa University Revs 'BBB'; Outlook Negative

Business Wire

19 Jan 2013

NEW DELHI & SYDNEY & SINGAPORE--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Fitch Ratings has assigned a 'BBB' rating to $22 million of private college facility (PCF) revenue bonds, series 2012, issued by the Iowa Higher Education Loan Authority (IHELA) on behalf of Upper Iowa University (UIU, or the university) ... SECURITY ... ... --'Upper Iowa University', dated July 30, 2012 . 'Fitch Rates Upper Iowa University's Revs 'BBB'; Outlook Stable', July 23, 2012 ... --'U.S ... ... ....(size: 9.5Kb)

Jury hears Ore. terror suspect's dramatic takedown

The Associated Press

19 Jan 2013

PORTLAND, Ore. (AP) -- At a darkened train station, the teenager and the purported jihadi pulled into a quiet lot where months of planning were to culminate in this. a plot to kill thousands at a Portland Christmas tree-lighting ceremony ... "O Lord, O Lord, O Lord." ... "Alhamdulillah." ... 26, 2010 ... "Youssef," another undercover agent testifying under a pseudonym, said he encountered an angry young man at the outset of the sting on July 30, 2010 ... ....(size: 4.5Kb)

FBI’s dramatic takedown of Ore. terrorism suspect attempting to detonate bomb airs in court

The Washington Post

19 Jan 2013

PORTLAND, Ore. — At a darkened train station, the teenager and the purported jihadi pulled into a quiet lot where months of planning were to culminate in this. a plot to kill thousands at a Portland Christmas tree-lighting ceremony ... “O Lord, O Lord, O Lord.” ... “Youssef,” another undercover agent testifying under a pseudonym, said he encountered an angry young man at the outset of the sting on July 30, 2010 ... ....(size: 5.5Kb)

Reward offered in Kettle Moraine High School bomb scare

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

19 Jan 2013

That number of hostages at the remote desert facility was significantly higher than any previous report, but it still left questions about the fate of over 30 other foreign energy workers ... Country star Blake Shelton announced on his Thursday that he’s hitting the road starting in July for a 30-date “Ten Times Crazier” tour – and he’s making a stop Sept....(size: 64.7Kb)

Deputy cleared in wounding of man with shotgun

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

19 Jan 2013

Jude turns self in on domestic violence warrant

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

19 Jan 2013

timeline:
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001

July 30 in recent years

2011 (Saturday)

2010 (Friday)

2009 (Thursday)

2008 (Wednesday)

2007 (Monday)

2006 (Sunday)

2005 (Saturday)

2004 (Friday)

2003 (Wednesday)

2002 (Tuesday)

July 30 is the 211th day of the year (212th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 154 days remaining until the end of the year.

1 Events
2 Births
3 Deaths
4 Holidays and observances
5 External links

Events [link]

762 – Baghdad is founded by caliph Al-Mansur.
1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: a crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council.
1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off the coast of Honduras during his fourth voyage.
1608 – At Ticonderoga (now Crown Point, New York), Samuel de Champlain shoots and kills two Iroquois chiefs. This was to set the tone for French-Iroquois relations for the next one hundred years.
1619 – In Jamestown, Virginia, the first representative assembly in the Americas, the House of Burgesses, convenes for the first time.
1629 – An earthquake in Naples, Italy, kills about 10,000 people.
1656 – Swedish forces under the command of King Charles X Gustav defeat the forces of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at the Battle of Warsaw.
1729 – Foundation of Baltimore, Maryland.
1733 – The first Masonic Grand Lodge in the future United States is constituted in Massachusetts.
1756 – In Saint Petersburg, Bartolomeo Rastrelli presents the newly-built Catherine Palace to Empress Elizabeth and her courtiers.
1811 – Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, leader of the Mexican insurgency, is executed by the Spanish in Chihuahua, Mexico.
1825 – Malden Island is discovered by captain George Anson Byron.
1859 – First ascent of Grand Combin, one of the highest summits in the Alps.
1863 – Indian Wars: Chief Pocatello of the Shoshone tribe signs the Treaty of Box Elder, agreeing to stop the harassment of emigrant trails in southern Idaho and northern Utah.
1864 – American Civil War: Battle of the Crater – Union forces attempt to break Confederate lines at Petersburg, Virginia by exploding a large bomb under their trenches.
1865 – The steamboat Brother Jonathan sinks off the coast of Crescent City, California, killing 225 passengers, the deadliest shipwreck on the Pacific Coast of the U.S. at the time.
1866 – New Orleans's Democratic government orders police to raid an integrated Republican Party meeting, killing 40 people and injuring 150.
1871 – The Staten Island Ferry Westfield's boiler explodes, killing over 85 people.
1916 – Black Tom Island explosion in Jersey City, New Jersey.
1930 – In Montevideo, Uruguay wins the first Football World Cup.
1932 – Premiere of Walt Disney's Flowers and Trees, the first cartoon short to use Technicolor and the first Academy Award winning cartoon short.
1945 – World War II: Japanese submarine I-58 sinks the USS Indianapolis, killing 883 seamen.
1956 – A joint resolution of the U.S. Congress is signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, authorizing In God We Trust as the U.S. national motto.
1962 – The Trans-Canada Highway, the largest national highway in the world, is officially opened.
1965 – U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Social Security Act of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare and Medicaid.
1967 – Israel passes the Jerusalem Law and annexes East Jerusalem.
1969 – Vietnam War: US President Richard M. Nixon makes an unscheduled visit to South Vietnam and meets with President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu and U.S. military commanders.
1971 – Apollo program: Apollo 15 Mission – David Scott and James Irwin on the Apollo Lunar Module module Falcon land on the Moon with the first Lunar Rover.
1971 – An All Nippon Airways Boeing 727 and a Japanese Air Force F-86 collide over Morioka, Japan killing 162.
1974 – Watergate Scandal: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon releases subpoenaed White House recordings after being ordered to do so by the United States Supreme Court.
1974 – Six Royal Canadian Army Cadets are killed and fifty-four are injured in an accidental grenade blast at CFB Valcartier Cadet Camp.
1975 – Jimmy Hoffa disappears from the parking lot of the Machus Red Fox restaurant in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, at about 2:30 p.m. He is never seen or heard from again, and will be declared legally dead on this date in 1982.
1975 – The Troubles: three members of a popular cabaret band and two gunmen are killed during a botched paramilitary attack in Northern Ireland (see Miami Showband killings).
1978 – The 730 (transport), Okinawa changes its traffic on the right-hand side of the road to the left-hand side.
1980 – Vanuatu gains independence.
1980 – Israel's Knesset passes the Jerusalem Law
1990 – George Steinbrenner is forced by Commissioner Fay Vincent to resign as principal partner of New York Yankees for hiring Howie Spira to "get dirt" on Dave Winfield.
2003 – In Mexico, the last 'old style' Volkswagen Beetle rolls off the assembly line.
2006 – The world's longest running music show Top of the Pops is broadcast for the last time on BBC Two. The show had aired for 42 years.
2006 – Lebanon War: At least 28 civilians, including 16 children are killed by the Israeli Air Force in what Lebanese call the Second Qana massacre and what Israel considers to be an attempt to stop rockets' being fired, from Lebanon, at Israeli civilian targets.

Births [link]

1511 – Giorgio Vasari, Italian painter, biographer, art historian and architect (d. 1574)
1549 – Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1609)
1641 – Regnier de Graaf, Dutch physician and anatomist (d. 1673)
1751 – Maria Anna Mozart, Austrian musician (d. 1829)
1763 – Samuel Rogers, English poet (d. 1855)
1809 – Charles Chiniquy, Quebec excommunicated Catholic priest (d. 1899)
1818 – Emily Brontë, English novelist (d. 1848)
1818 – Jan Heemskerk, Dutch politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 1897)
1825 – Chaim Aronson, Lithuanian inventor, academic and memoirs writer (d. 1893)
1855 – Georg Wilhelm von Siemens, German industrialist (d. 1919)
1857 – Thorstein Veblen, American economist (d. 1929)
1859 – Henry Simpson Lunn, English humanitarian (d. 1939)
1863 – Henry Ford, American industrialist (d. 1947)
1872 – Princess Clémentine of Belgium (d. 1955)
1881 – Smedley Butler, American Marine general (d. 1940)
1889 – Vladimir Zworykin, Russian physicist (d. 1982)
1890 – Casey Stengel, American baseball manager (d. 1975)
1893 – Fatima Jinnah, Pakistani political activist, sister of Muhammad Ali Jinnah and "Mother of the Nation" (d. 1967)
1895 – Wanda Hawley, American actress (d. 1963)
1898 – Henry Moore, English sculptor (d. 1986)
1899 – Gerald Moore, English pianist (d. 1987)
1901 – Alfred Lépine, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1955)
1904 – Salvador Novo, Mexican writer (d. 1974)
1909 – C. Northcote Parkinson, English historian (d. 1993)
1909 – Magda Schneider German actress (d. 1996).
1910 – Edgar de Evia, American photographer (d. 2003)
1913 – Lou Darvas, American artist and cartoonist (d. 1987)
1914 – Lord Killanin, Irish IOC president (d. 1999)
1916 – Dick Wilson, American actor (d. 2007)
1919 – Berniece Baker Miracle, half-sister of Marilyn Monroe
1921 – Grant Johannesen, American pianist (d. 2005)
1922 – Henry W. Bloch, American co-founder of H&R Block
1925 – Alexander Trocchi, Scottish writer (d. 1984)
1925 – Jacques Sernas, French actor
1926 – Christine McGuire, American singer (The McGuire Sisters)
1927 – Pete Schoening, American mountaineer (d. 2004)
1927 – Victor Wong, American actor (d. 2001)
1928 – Eunice Muñoz, Portuguese actress
1928 – Joe Nuxhall, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2007)
1929 – Sid Krofft, Canadian children's television producer
1933 – Edd Byrnes, American actor
1934 – Bud Selig, American Commissioner of Baseball
1936 – Buddy Guy, American blues guitarist and singer
1936 – Infanta Pilar of Spain
1936 – Ralph Taeger, American actor
1938 – Hervé de Charette, French politician
1939 – Peter Bogdanovich, American film director
1939 – Eleanor Smeal, American feminist
1940 – Pat Schroeder, American politician
1940 – Sir Clive Sinclair, English entrepreneur and inventor
1941 – Paul Anka, Canadian singer and composer
1943 – Henri-François Gautrin, Quebec politician
1945 – Patrick Modiano, French novelist
1945 – David Sanborn, American saxophonist
1946 – Neil Bonnett, American race car driver (d. 1994)
1947 – William Atherton, American actor
1947 – Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, virologist and Nobel Prize winner
1947 – Jonathan Mann, American AIDS activist (d. 1998)
1947 – Anna Panayiotopoulou, Greek actress and theatrical writer
1947 – Arnold Schwarzenegger, Austrian-born American actor, bodybuilder and politician, 38th Governor of California
1948 – Jean Reno, Moroccan-born French actor
1948 – Otis Taylor, American musician
1948 – Julia Tsenova, Bulgarian composer and pianist (d. 2010)
1949 – Duck Baker, American guitarist
1950 – Frank Stallone, American singer and actor
1951 – Alan Kourie, South African cricketer
1954 – Ken Olin, American actor
1956 – Delta Burke, American actress
1956 – Réal Cloutier, Canadian ice hockey player
1956 – Anita Hill, American academic, witness at the sexual harassment trial against Clarence Thomas
1956 – Soraida Martinez, American painter, creator of Verdadism
1957 – Clint Hurdle, American baseball player and manager
1957 – Bill Cartwright, American basketball player
1957 – Nery Pumpido, Argentine footballer
1957 – Rat Scabies, English drummer (The Damned)
1958 – Richard Burgi, American actor
1958 – Kate Bush, English singer-songwriter
1958 – Neal McCoy, American singer-songwriter and humanitarian
1958 – Daley Thompson, English decathlete
1960 – Richard Linklater, American filmmaker
1961 – Laurence Fishburne, American actor
1962 – Alton Brown, American television host and chef
1962 – Jay Feaster, American National Hockey League executive
1963 – Lisa Kudrow, American actress
1963 – Chris Mullin, American basketball player
1964 – Vivica A. Fox, American actress
1964 – Jürgen Klinsmann, German footballer and manager
1964 – Alek Keshishian, Lebanese-born American film director
1965 – Tim Munton, England cricketer
1966 – Allan Langer, Australian Rugby League Player
1968 – Terry Crews, American football player and actor
1968 – Robert Korzeniowski, Polish racewalker
1968 – Sean Moore, Welsh drummer (Manic Street Preachers)
1969 – Simon Baker, Australian actor
1969 – Errol Stewart, South African cricketer and lawyer
1970 – Dean Edwards, American comedian
1970 – Christopher Nolan, English film director
1971 – Elvis Crespo, Puerto Rican singer
1971 – Tom Green, Canadian comedian and actor
1971 – Sagi Kalev, Israeli-born American bodybuilder
1971 – Christine Taylor, American actress
1973 – Anastasios Katsabis, Greek footballer
1973 – Markus Näslund, Swedish ice hockey player
1973 – Sonu Nigam, Indian singer and actor
1974 – Sandra Diaz-Twine, American winner of Survivor: Pearl Islands and Survivor: Heroes vs. Villains
1974 – Radostin Kishishev, Bulgarian footballer
1974 – Jason Robinson, English dual-code rugby player
1974 – Hilary Swank, American actress
1975 – Graham Nicholls, English author and artist
1975 – Cherie Priest, American writer
1977 – Diana Bolocco, Chilean television presenter
1977 – James Branaman, American model and reality show contestant (The Amazing Race)
1977 – Jaime Pressly, American actress
1977 – Ian Watkins, Welsh singer (Lostprophets)
1979 – Carlos Arroyo, Puerto Rican basketball player
1979 – Show Luo, Taiwanese singer, television host, dancer and actor
1979 – Graeme McDowell, Northern Irish golfer
1980 – Sara Anzanello, Italian volleyball player
1980 – Justin Rose, British golfer
1981 – Nicky Hayden, American motorcycle racer
1981 – Juan Smith, South African rugby player
1982 – Khalilah Adams, American actress
1982 – James Anderson, English cricketer
1982 – Jehad Al-Hussain, Syrian footballer
1982 – Yvonne Strahovski, Australian actress
1983 – Sean Dillon, Irish footballer
1984 – Gabrielle Christian, American actress
1984 – Kevin Pittsnogle, American basketball player
1985 – Daniel Fredheim Holm, Norwegian footballer
1986 – Tiago, Brazilian footballer
1987 – Anton Fink, German footballer
1990 – Coco Sumner, Italy-born English singer-songwriter and guitarist, daughter of Sting
1991 – Diana Vickers, English singer and stage actress
1993 – Miho Miyazaki, Japanese singer (AKB48)
1999 – Joey King, American actress
2002 – Prince Hridayendra of Nepal, Nepalese royal

Deaths [link]

578 – Jacob Baradaeus, Bishop of Edessa (birth date unknown)
579 – Pope Benedict I (birth date unknown)
1540 – Thomas Abel, English priest (martyred) (b. c. 1497)
1540 – Robert Barnes, English churchman (martyred) (b. 1495)
1550 – Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton, English politician (b. 1505)
1652 – Charles Amédée de Savoie, 6th Duc de Nemours, French soldier (b. 1624)
1680 – Thomas Butler, Earl of Ossory, Irish naval commander (b. 1634)
1683 – Maria Theresa of Spain, Spanish-born Queen consort of France, wife of Louis XIV of France (b. 1638)
1691 – Daniel Georg Morhof, German writer and scholar (b. 1639)
1718 – William Penn, English founder of the Province of Pennsylvania (b. 1644)
1771 – Thomas Gray, English poet and letter-writer (b. 1716)
1789 – Giovanna Bonanno, Italian poisoner and alleged witch (b. c. 1713)
1811 – Miguel Hidalgo, Mexican patriot and Independence leader (b. 1753)
1875 – George Pickett, American Confederate general (b. 1825)
1889 – Charlie Absolom, England cricketer (b. 1846)
1898 – Otto von Bismarck, 1st Chancellor of the German Empire (b. 1815)
1900 – Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (b. 1844)
1912 – Emperor Meiji, Japanese emperor (b. 1852)
1918 – Joyce Kilmer, American poet (b. 1886)
1920 – Albert Gustaf Dahlman, Swedish executioner, the last to carry out capital punishment in Sweden (b. 1848)
1930 – Joan Gamper, Swiss-born Spanish football pioneer, businessman and founder of FC Barcelona (b. 1877)
1947 – Joseph Cook, 6th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1860)
1965 – Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, Japanese novelist (b. 1886)
1970 – Sir Walter Murdoch, Australian academic and essayist (b. 1874)
1970 – George Szell, Hungarian conductor (b. 1897)
1982 – Roberta Pedon, American glamour model (b. 1954)
1983 – Howard Dietz, American lyricist (b. 1896)
1983 – Lynn Fontanne, English actress (b. 1887)
1985 – Julia Robinson, American mathematician (b. 1919)
1989 – Lane Frost, American bull rider (b. 1963)
1992 – Joe Shuster, Canadian comic book artist (b. 1914)
1992 – Brenda Marshall, American actress (b. 1915)
1994 – Ryszard Riedel, Polish singer (b.1956)
1996 – Claudette Colbert, American actress (b. 1903)
1997 – Bảo Đại, Emperor of Vietnam (b. 1913)
1998 – Buffalo Bob Smith, American television host (Howdy Doody) (b. 1917)
1998 – Jorge Russek, Mexican actor (b. 1932)
2001 – Anton Schwarzkopf, German amusement ride engineer (b. 1924)
2003 – Sam Phillips, American record producer (b. 1923)
2004 – Andre Noble, Canadian actor (b. 1979)
2005 – Ray Cunningham, American baseball player (b. 1905)
2005 – John Garang, Vice President of Sudan (b. 1945)
2005 – Anthony Walker, English hate crime murder victim (b. 1987)
2006 – Anthony Galla-Rini, American accordionist (b. 1904)
2006 – Al Balding, Canadian golfer (b. 1924)
2006 – Murray Bookchin, American libertarian socialist (b. 1921)
2006 – Akbar Mohammadi, Iranian democratic activist
2007 – Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian film director (b. 1912)
2007 – Teoctist, Romanian-born Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church (b. 1915)
2007 – Ingmar Bergman, Swedish stage and film director (b. 1918)
2007 – Bill Walsh, American football coach (b. 1931)
2008 – Anne Armstrong U.S. ambassador to Britain (b. 1927)
2009 – Peter Zadek, German theatre director (b. 1926)

Holidays and observances [link]

Christian Feast Day:
Feast of the Throne (Morocco)
Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Vanuatu from the United Kingdom and France in 1980.

External links [link]

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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_30

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Lil Wayne
Lil Wayne in 2006
Background information
Birth name	Dwayne Michael Carter, Jr.
Born	(1982-09-27) September 27, 1982 (age 29)
Origin	New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
Genres	Hip hop
Occupations	Rapper, songwriter
Years active	1992–present
Labels	Cash Money, Young Money,Universal Republic
Associated acts	Birdman, Drake, Cash Money Millionaires, Hot Boys, Young Money, The B.G.'z, Nicki Minaj, Juelz Santana^[1]
Website	lilwayne-online.com

Dwayne Michael Carter, Jr. (born September 27, 1982), better known by his stage name Lil Wayne, is an American rapper. At the age of nine, Lil Wayne joined Cash Money Records as the youngest member of the label, and half of the duo, The B.G.'z, with B.G.. In 1997, Lil Wayne joined the group Hot Boys, which also included rappers Juvenile, B.G., and Young Turk. Hot Boys debuted with Get It How U Live! that year. Lil Wayne gained most of his success with the group's major selling album Guerrilla Warfare, released in 1999. Also in 1999, Lil Wayne released his Platinum debut album Tha Block Is Hot, selling over one million copies in the U.S.

Although his next two albums Lights Out (2000) and 500 Degreez (2002) were not as successful (only reaching Gold status), Lil Wayne reached higher popularity in 2004 with Tha Carter, which included the single "Go D.J." Wayne also appeared on the Destiny's Child top ten single "Soldier" that year. In 2005, the sequel to Tha Carter, Tha Carter II, was released. In 2006 and 2007, Lil Wayne released several mixtapes and appeared on several popular rap and R&B singles. His most successful album, Tha Carter III, was released in 2008 and sold over 1 million copies in the U.S. its first week of release. It included the number-one single "Lollipop" featuring Static Major. It also includes the singles "A Milli" and "Got Money" featuring T-Pain and won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Album.

Lil Wayne released his debut rock album, Rebirth, in 2010 to primarily negative reception from critics. The album eventually went gold. In March 2010, Lil Wayne began serving an 8-month prison sentence in New York after being convicted of criminal possession of a weapon stemming from an incident in July 2007. While in prison he released another album entitled I Am Not a Human Being in September 2010, featuring Young Money artists such as Drake, Nicki Minaj and Lil Twist. His ninth studio album and first since being released from prison, Tha Carter IV, was released on August 29, 2011.^[2] The album includes the songs "6 Foot 7 Foot" featuring Cory Gunz, "How to Love" and "She Will" featuring Drake. It sold 964,000 copies in the U.S. its first week out.

Early life [link]

Lil Wayne was born Dwayne Michael Carter, Jr. and grew up in the Hollygrove neighborhood of New Orleans, Louisiana.^[3] Carter was born when his mother, a chef, was 19 years old. His parents were divorced when he was 2, and his father permanently abandoned the family. Carter enrolled in the gifted program of Lafayette Elementary School and in the drama club of Eleanor McMain Secondary School.^[4]

He wrote his first rap song at age eight.^[5] In the summer of 1991, he met Bryan Williams, rapper and owner of Cash Money Records. Carter recorded freestyle raps on Williams's answering machine, leading him to mentor the young Carter and include him in Cash Money-distributed songs. He also recorded his first ever collaboration album True Story with rapper B.G.. At the time, Carter was 11, and B.G. was 14, and was billed as "The B.G.'z".^[6] When he was 12, he played the part of the Tin Man in his middle school drama club's production of The Wiz.^[7] At age 13, he accidentally shot himself with a 9 mm handgun, and off-duty police officer Robert Hoobler drove him to the hospital.^[8] At McMain Magnet School, Carter was an honor student, but he dropped out at the age of 14 to focus on a musical career.^[9]

Career [link]

1997–99: Hot Boys [link]

In 1997, Carter joined the Hot Boys along with rappers Juvenile, B.G., and Turk. At age 15, Carter was the youngest member at that time. Hot Boys' debut album Get It How U Live! was released the same year, followed in 1999 by the group's major-label debut Guerrilla Warfare,^[3] which reached No. 1 on the Billboard magazine Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and No. 5 on the Billboard 200.^[10] During their career, the Hot Boys had two charting singles, "We on Fire" from Get It How U Live! and "I Need a Hot Girl" from Guerrilla Warfare.^[11] Carter was also featured on Juvenile's single "Back That Azz Up", which reached No. 18 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No. 5 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks.^[12] Let 'Em Burn, a compilation album of unreleased tracks recorded during 1999 and 2000, came out in 2003, several years after the group disbanded.^[13] It reached No. 3 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and No. 14 on the Billboard 200.^[10]

Carter's debut solo album Tha Block Is Hot at age 17 featured significant contributions from the Hot Boys and was certified platinum, debuting at No. 3 on the Billboard album charts.^[3] The album earned him a 1999 Source magazine award nomination for "Best New Artist",^[14] and also became a Top Ten hit.^[3] The lead single was "Tha Block Is Hot". After the release of Tha Block is Hot, Carter was featured on the single, "Bling Bling", with B.G., Juvenile, and Big Tymers. His verse was featured on the radio edition, and on the album version, only his hook was featured on the single.

[edit] 2000-03: Lights Out and 500 Degreez

His 2000 follow-up album Lights Out failed to attain the level of success achieved by his debut^[3] but was certified gold by RIAA.^[15] Critics pointed to the lack of coherent narratives in his verses as evidence that he had yet to mature to the level of his fellow Hot Boys.^[16] The lead single was "Get Off The Corner" which was noticed for an improvement in lyrical content and style, it also received a music video. The second single which received less attention was "Shine" featuring The Hot Boys. Near the release of Lights Out, Lil Wayne was featured on the single, "1# Stunna" with Big Tymers and Juvenile, which rose to 24th place on the Hot Rap Tracks charts.

Lil Wayne's third album 500 Degreez, released in 2002, followed the format of his previous two, with significant contributions from the Hot Boys and Mannie Fresh. While certified Gold like its predecessor,^[15] it too failed to match the success of his debut.^[3] The title was a reference to the recently estranged Hot Boys member Juvenile's recording, 400 Degreez.^[17] The lead single was "Way Of Life" which like the album failed to match the success of his previous singles. After the release of 500 Degreez, he was featured in the single "Neva Get Enuf" by 3LW.^[18]

[edit] 2003-05: Tha Carter and Tha Carter II

In the summer of 2004, Wayne's album Tha Carter was released, marking what critics considered advancement in his rapping style and lyrical themes.^[19] In addition, the album's cover art featured the debut of Wayne's now-signature dreadlocks.^[3] Tha Carter gained Wayne significant recognition, selling 878,000 copies in the United States, while the single "Go DJ" became a Top 5 Hit on the R&B/Hip-Hop chart.^[20] After the release of Tha Carter, Lil Wayne was featured in Destiny's Child's single "Soldier" with T.I., which peaked at No. 3 on the U.S. Hot 100 and the U.S. R&B Charts.^[21]

Tha Carter II, the follow-up to the original Tha Carter album, was released in December 2005, this time without production by longtime Cash Money Records producer Mannie Fresh, who had since left the label. Tha Carter II sold more than 238,000 copies in its first week of release, debuting at No. 2 on the Billboard 200 albums chart, and went on to sell 2,000,000 copies world wide. The lead single, "Fireman," became a hit in the US, peaking at 32 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Other singles included "Grown Man", "Hustler Muzik", and "Shooter" (featuring R&B singer Robin Thicke). Lil Wayne also appeared on a remix of Bobby Valentino's "Tell Me", which rose to No. 13 on the U.S. R&B Charts. In 2005, Lil Wayne was named president of Cash Money, and in the same year he founded Young Money Entertainment as an imprint of Cash Money.^[22] However, as of late 2007, Lil Wayne reported that he has stepped down from the management of both labels and has handed management of Young Money over to Cortez Bryant.^[23]

Lil Wayne performing at the Beacon Theatre on July 23, 2007

[edit] 2006-08: Like Father, Like Son, Mixtapes and collaborations

In 2006, Lil Wayne collaborated with rapper Birdman for the album Like Father, Like Son, whose first single "Stuntin' Like My Daddy", reached No. 21 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Instead of a follow-up solo album, Lil Wayne reached his audience through a plethora of mixtapes and guest appearances on a variety of pop and hip-hop singles.^[3] Of his many mixtapes, Dedication 2 and Da Drought 3 received the most media exposure and critical review. Dedication 2, released in 2006, paired Lil Wayne with DJ Drama and contained the acclaimed socially conscious track "Georgia Bush," in which Lil Wayne critiqued former US president George W. Bush's response to the effects of Hurricane Katrina on the city of New Orleans. Da Drought 3 was released the following year and was available for free legal download. It contained Lil Wayne rapping over a variety of beats from recent hits by other musicians. Numerous of features in prominent hip-hop magazines such as XXL^[24] and Vibe^[9] covered the mixtape. Christian Hoard of Rolling Stone magazine considered the mixtapes Da Drought 3 and The Drought Is Over 2 "among the best albums of 2007."^[4]

Despite no album release for two years, Lil Wayne appeared in numerous singles as a featured performer, including "Gimme That" by Chris Brown, "Make It Rain" by Fat Joe, "You" by Lloyd, and "We Takin' Over" by DJ Khaled (also featuring Akon, T.I., Rick Ross, Fat Joe, and Birdman), "Duffle Bag Boy" by Playaz Circle, "Sweetest Girl (Dollar Bill)" by Wyclef Jean (also featuring Akon), and the remix to "I'm So Hood" by DJ Khaled (also featuring T-Pain, Young Jeezy, Ludacris, Busta Rhymes, Big Boi, Fat Joe, Birdman, and Rick Ross). All these singles charted within the top 20 spots on the Billboard Hot 100, Hot Rap Tracks, and Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts. On Birdman's 2007 album 5 * Stunna, Lil Wayne appeared on the singles "100 Million" and "I Run This" among several other tracks. Wayne also appeared on tracks from albums Getback by Little Brother, American Gangster by Jay-Z, and Graduation by Kanye West and Insomniac by Enrique Iglesias. "Make it Rain", a Scott Storch production that peaked at number 13 on the Hot 100 and number two on the Hot Rap Tracks chart,^[25] was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group for 2008.^[26]

Vibe magazine ranked a list of 77 of Lil Wayne's songs from 2007 and ranked his verse in DJ Khaled's "We Takin Over" as his best of 2007, with "Dough Is What I Got" (a freestyle over the beat of Jay-Z's "Show Me What You Got") from Da Drought 3 the second song.^[9] At the end of 2007, an MTV poll selected Lil Wayne as "Hottest MC in the Game",^[27] The New Yorker magazine ranked him "Rapper of the Year",^[6] and GQ magazine named him "Workaholic of the Year".^[28] In 2008 he was named "Best MC" by Rolling Stone.^[4] Another article, built around Lil Wayne's 2007 mixtape work, cites his creative practice as an example of post performance creative practice.^[29]

[edit] 2008-10: Tha Carter III, We Are Young Money and Rebirth

Initially planned to be released in 2007, Tha Carter III's largest delay came after the majority of the tracks were leaked and distributed on mixtapes, such as "The Drought Is Over Pt. 2" and "The Drought Is Over Pt. 4". Lil Wayne initially decided to use the leaked tracks, plus four new tracks, to make a separate album, titled The Leak. The Leak was to be released December 18, 2007, with the actual album being delayed until March 18, 2008,^[30] The release of The Leak in this format never came to fruition, but an official EP titled The Leak and containing five tracks was released digitally on December 25, 2007.^[31] Tha Carter III was released on June 10, 2008, selling more than a million copies in its first week of release, the first to do so since 50 Cent's The Massacre in 2005.^[32] The first single "Lollipop", featuring Static Major became the rapper's most commercially successful song at that point, topping the Billboard Hot 100, making it the first Top 10 single for Lil Wayne as a solo artist, as well as his first No. 1 on the chart. His third single from Tha Carter III, "Got Money" featuring T-Pain, peaked at No. 13 on the Billboard 100. Tha Carter III also won four Grammy Awards, including best rap album and best rap song, which he won for "Lollipop".^[33] Along with his album singles, Lil Wayne appeared on R&B singles "Girls Around the World" by Lloyd, "Love In This Club, Part II" by Usher, "Official Girl" by Cassie, "I'm So Paid" by Akon, "Turnin' Me On" by Keri Hilson, and "Can't Believe It" by T-Pain; rap singles "My Life" by The Game, "Shawty Say" by David Banner, "Swagga Like Us" by T.I., "Cutty Buddy" by Mike Jones, All My Life (In the Ghetto) by Jay Rock and the remix to "Certified" by Glasses Malone; and pop single "Let It Rock" by new Cash Money artist Kevin Rudolf. On July 14, 2008, the Recording Industry Association of America certified Tha Carter III two times platinum.^[34] In an October 2008 interview with MTV News, Lil Wayne announced plans to re-release this album with all new tracks, including a duet with Ludacris and remixes of "A Milli".^[35]

Lil Wayne performing at General Motors Place concert in Vancouver in January 2009.

The lineup for New Orleans' 2008 Voodoo Experience concert, held in October, featured Lil Wayne. Jonathan Cohen of Billboard magazine reported that the event would mark his biggest hometown headlining set of his career.^[36] Lil Wayne stated that he would reunite with Hot Boys alongside Juvenile, Turk, and B.G. They plan to release an album after B.G.'s solo album Too Hood to Be Hollywood was completed.^[37] Wayne also performed as the 2008 Virgin Mobile Music Fest with Kanye West, performing the remix of "Lollipop" with West and also lip-syncing to Whitney Houston's "I Will Always Love You".^[38] Lil Wayne also performed at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards with Kid Rock ("All Summer Long"), Leona Lewis ("DontGetIt (Misunderstood)") and T-Pain ("Got Money"). On the season premiere of Saturday Night Live, he performed "Lollipop" and "Got Money".^[39] He later performed at the homecoming rally at Vanderbilt University^[40] and the 2008 BET Hip Hop Awards with 12 nominations.^[41] He won the "MVP" title at the BET Hip Hop Awards and seven others.^[42] It was revealed that M.I.A. dropped out of performing on the tour due to her pregnancy, however Jay-Z is expected to perform with Wayne on the song "Mr. Carter" at select shows.^[43] On November 11, 2008, Wayne became the first hip-hop act to ever perform at the Country Music Association Awards. He played alongside Kid Rock for the song, "All Summer Long", in which Wayne did not rap but instead inaudibly strummed guitar strings alongside the guitarist in Kid Rock's band.^[44] Shortly after, Wayne was nominated for eight Grammys – the most for any artist nominated that year.^[45] Wayne was then named the first ever MTV Man of the Year at the end of 2008.^[46] He won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Solo Performance for "A Milli", Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group for his appearance in T.I.'s single "Swagga Like Us", and Best Rap Song for "Lollipop". Tha Carter III won the award for Best Rap Album.^[33] MTV News listed Lil Wayne number two on their 2009 list of the Hottest MCs In The Game.^[47]

On December 23, 2009, Wayne released a collaboration album with Young Money, with the first single confirmed as "Every Girl".^[48] The second single is "BedRock", featuring Lloyd. The third single is "Roger That". On May 24, 2010, the album was certified gold by the RIAA with over 500,000 copies sold.^[49] Wayne is featured on the song, "Revolver", with Madonna for her 2009 greatest hits album, Celebration. He was also featured on a Weezer song, "Can't Stop Partying", on their 2009 album, Raditude.^[50] In late 2008, Wayne stated that he would re-release The Carter III with leftover tracks and call it Rebirth, several months later, however, he announced Rebirth would instead release as his debut rock album, maintaining its title as Rebirth.^[51] To support the release of Rebirth and a collaboration album with Young Money Entertainment, Wayne headlined the 'Young Money Presents: America's Most Wanted Music Festival'... a United States and Canada–only concert tour which started on July 29, 2009. The Rebirth album was originally scheduled for a April 7, 2009 release, however after numerous delays, the album was released on February 2, 2010. For the anticipation of Rebirth, Wayne was featured on the cover of Rolling Stone.^[52] "Prom Queen", the first official single, debuted on January 27, 2009 immediately after a live Internet broadcast on Ustream^[53] of his concert in San Diego.^[54] "Prom Queen" peaked at number 15 on the Billboard Hot 100 charts. On December 3, 2009, Lil Wayne's second single from the album, "On Fire", was released on iTunes. "On Fire" was produced by Cool & Dre.^[55] "On Fire" peaked at number 33 on the Billboard Hot 100 charts. "Drop the World", which features Eminem, is the third single from the album.^[55]

[edit] 2010: I Am Not a Human Being

Lil Wayne was thought to be releasing an EP entitled I Am Not a Human Being, but it was confirmed that would be a full length LP. The album was released on September 27, 2010 which was his birthday. The album has sold over 953,000 copies in the U.S.^[56] and has spawned a successful single in "Right Above It" which peaked at No. 6 on the Billboard Hot 100.

[edit] 2011-present: Tha Carter IV

Lil Wayne in 2011

In an interview on MTV's Mixtape Monday, Wayne asserted the possibility of the album Tha Carter IV.^[57] Following Tha Carter III's achievement of selling over 3 million copies, becoming 2008's best-selling record, Wayne re-signed with Cash Money Records for a multi-album deal.^[58] Wayne said Tha Carter IV will be released in 2009 just before the holidays.^[59] Birdman had previously stated that Tha Carter IV would be packaged with Rebirth as a double disc album.^[60] However, Wayne denied this idea saying that "Tha Carter IV deserves Tha Carter IV". He went on to say that We Are Young Money may be packaged with Rebirth.^[61]^[62] However, it was later confirmed that Rebirth and We Are Young Money will be released separately and that Tha Carter IV will be released during 2011. He started from scratch on Tha Carter IV since getting released from prison.^[63] He recorded his first track since being released from prison and it was described as being "a 2010 version of A Milli on steroids." The album is set to feature multiple guests, including Tech N9ne.^[64] The first single "6 Foot 7 Foot" featuring Cory Gunz was released on December 15, 2010. It was available for digital download on iTunes December 16, 2010. The song is produced by Bangladesh, who also produced Lil Wayne's single "A Milli" in 2008.^[65] On March 8, 2011, Lil Wayne released another song called "We Back Soon." The song is produced by StreetRunner; It is more relaxed than "6 Foot 7 Foot" is, but will not be a track on Tha Carter IV.^[66] He also released a second single to Tha Carter IV called "John" on March 24, 2011, which features Rick Ross and is produced by Polow Da Don.^[67] On April 20, 2011, the official cover of Tha Carter IV was released. Tha Carter IV was scheduled to be released on May 16, 2011,^[68] but Mack Maine had confirmed that the forthcoming ninth studio album will be released in June 21, 2011 instead of May 16, 2011, because they need more time to make the album perfect and they'll have a "monster" single coming soon that will possibly be titled "Blows My Brains" or "She's Always In My Head".^{[citation needed]} On May 26, the 3rd single, "How to Love" was released. Tha Carter IV was eventually pushed back to August 29, 2011. A song called "Dear Anne (Stan Part 2)" was released in June, when the snippet was released back in April. Lil Wayne said the song was throw away track for Tha Carter III. He said it was originally suppose to be on Tha Carter IV when it leaked, but decided not to put it one there. He said he's not a fan of the song since it was so old. Lil Wayne said that he that liked the beat, but not the lyrics, and was thinking about redoing "Dear Anne."

For preparation for Tha Carter IV, Lil Wayne released a mixtape titled, Sorry 4 the Wait. He named the mixtape so as an apology to his fans for the delay of the album. It consists of 13 with all the beats on the mixtape coming from other artists song, like his "No Ceilings" mixtape.

In July 2011, Lil Wayne confirmed in an interview with MTV that Tha Carter IV is finished.

The album debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard 200 with 964,000 copies sold in its first week, making it Lil Wayne's third chart topping album of his career. On January 8, 2012, According to Nielsen SoundScan was elected the seventh artist (second male artist) all-time best-selling tracks digital with 36,788,000 million to the end of 2011.^[69]

Future projects [link]

Lil Wayne has announced several possible upcoming projects, including a collaboration album entitled I Can't Feel My Face with rapper Juelz Santana that has been in production for several years. And also working on Tionne "T-Boz" Watkins' album Still Cool in late 2011.^[70]^[71] He has discussed a possible R&B album titled Luv Sawngz, for which he will heavily rely on a vocoder.^[72] He has also talked with singer Lloyd about doing a collaboration album in the future.^[73] On June 19, 2008, Lil Wayne and T-Pain formed a duo called T-Wayne^[74] and planned to release an album.^[75] According to an interview with Drake in the December 2011 issue of XXL, plans for an upcoming album with Lil Wayne have been scrapped for the time being because of the Jay-Z and Kanye West collaboration Watch the Throne.^[76] Lil Wayne and Baby will release a second Like Father, Like Son.^[77]^[78] It was announced by Mack Maine that Lil Wayne and Juelz Santana have gone back to working on their collaboration album I Can't Feel My Face which had been delayed for a few years due to "label politics".^[79]

In October 2011 it was reported that Lil Wayne is working on sequels to I Am Not a Human Being and Rebirth.^[80] A couple months later, Birdman announced that I Am Not A Human Being 2 will be released before the summer of 2012 and that him and Lil Wayne have finished recording Like Father, Like Son 2.^[81]

On March 29, 2011, in an interview with Hot 97's Angie Martinez, Lil Wayne announced that he would retire at age 35; saying "I have four kids," and that "I would feel selfish still going to the studio when it's such a vital point in their lives."^[82]

Television and film career [link]

Lil Wayne was a guest debater going up against Skip Bayless on the "1st & 10" segment on the January 6, 2009 edition of ESPN First Take.^[83] On February 10, 2009 he also appeared on ESPN's Around the Horn and beat out veterans Woody Paige, Jay Mariotti and fellow New Orleanian Michael Smith to win that show's episode.^[84] Prior to the 2009 Grammy Awards, Wayne was featured in an interview with Katie Couric.^[85] On February 7, 2009, he presented the Top Ten List on CBS's Late Show with David Letterman.^[86] He then appeared on the April 24, 2009 episode of The View, talking about his GED and addictions.^[87] In September 2009, Wayne was profiled in an episode of VH1's Behind the Music^[88] and was a presenter of the 2009 MTV Movie Awards.^[89]

In film, Wayne produced and composed music for and starred in the direct-to-video film Hurricane Season. A documentary of Lil Wayne titled The Carter was released at the Sundance Film Festival.^[90]

Personal life [link]

Family [link]

Lil Wayne has four children. His first child, daughter Reginae, was born when he was 15,^[5] to his high school sweetheart Antonia "Toya" Carter (née Johnson). Wayne and Johnson married on Valentine's Day of 2004 and divorced in 2006.^[91] Internet rumours started circulating in August 2008 that Wayne's daughter had died in a car crash, which however he quickly cleared up as false saying "Please allow me to dispel any rumors or speculations and report that my daughter is alive, healthy and surrounded by family who care and love her dearly. The rumors are completely false and unfounded; neither Reginae nor any other member of my family has been involved in any car accident."^[92] His second child, Dwayne III, was then born on October 22, 2008 at Christ Hospital in Cincinnati.^[93] His third child, Cameron Carter, was born to actress Lauren London on September 9, 2009.^[94] He had his fourth child, Neal, on November 30, 2009 with singer Nivea.^[95]

In a CBS interview with Katie Couric, Wayne described why he goes by the name of "Wayne" instead of his given name, Dwayne. Carter explained, "I dropped the D because I'm a junior and my father is living and he's not in my life and he's never been in my life. So I don't want to be Dwayne, I'd rather be Wayne". Couric asked Wayne if his father knew of this and Wayne replied with a smile, "He knows now".^[85]

Higher education [link]

After earning his GED, Wayne enrolled at the University of Houston in January 2005. He dropped out in the same year due to his conflicting schedule.^[96] He also revealed on The View that he switched to the University of Phoenix and majored in psychology taking online courses.^[87] An article in Urb magazine in March 2007 asserted that Wayne had been earning high grades at Houston.^[97]

Sports and musical interests [link]

In an interview with Blender magazine, Lil Wayne revealed one of his favorite bands from childhood to be rock group Nirvana, and cites them as a major influence in his music.^[98]

On September 24, 2008, Lil Wayne published his first blog for ESPN in their issue, ESPN The Magazine. Wayne revealed he was a fan of tennis, the Green Bay Packers, the Boston Bruins, the Los Angeles Lakers and the Boston Red Sox. To commemorate the Packers' making it to Super Bowl XLV, he spoofed Wiz Khalifa's hit song "Black and Yellow" (which were the colors of the Packers' opponents, the Pittsburgh Steelers) in a song titled "Green and Yellow".^[99] Wayne has continued writing for ESPN, notably reporting at the ESPN Super Bowl party.^[100]

Lil Wayne made his debut on ESPN's daily sports round table show Around The Horn on February 10, 2009.^[101]

At E3 2011, Lil Wayne, along with Young Money member Drake, appeared on the trailer of FIFA 12.^{[citation needed]}

Religion [link]

Lil Wayne is a Christian and reads the Bible regularly.^[102]^[103] While playing in Newark Symphony Hall, Lil Wayne professed his belief "in God and His son, Jesus."^[102] During his 2011 tour in Australia with Eminem, before beginning his bracket he proclaimed his belief in God.^[104]

Philanthropy [link]

On February 19, 2008, Lil Wayne and Cortez Bryant revisited their alma mater McMain Secondary School to get students to design an invitation to the gala introducing Lil Wayne's nonprofit One Family Foundation.^[105] The website Change.org states: "The mission of One Family Foundation, Inc. is to empower urban youth by engaging them in opportunities to cultivate their talents and skills, educating them to become productive and economically self-sufficient, and motivating them to dream beyond their circumstances."^[106]

Public references by Barack Obama [link]

Lil Wayne has been referenced in public speeches by President Barack Obama on at least two occasions, in mixed contexts. Speaking to a largely African-American audience during a general election campaign town hall speech in Georgia, then-U.S. Senator Obama exhorted children to stay in school and achieve their dreams through education and perseverance instead of hoping for shortcuts to fame and riches, stating: "You are probably not that good a rapper. Maybe you are the next Lil Wayne, but probably not, in which case you need to stay in school."^[107]

After assuming the Presidency, Obama later echoed this theme of personal and familial responsibility and the difficulty of achieving Lil Wayne's lyrical skills or success—during an address to a meeting commemorating the 100th anniversary of the NAACP, telling the audience:

They might think they've got a pretty jump shot or a pretty good flow, but our kids can’t all aspire to be LeBron or Lil Wayne. I want them aspiring to be scientists and engineers, doctors and teachers, not just ballers and rappers. I want them aspiring to be a Supreme Court justice. I want them aspiring to be President of the United States of America.^[108]

Obama has also noted that the music on his iPod includes Lil Wayne:

My rap palate has greatly improved. Jay-Z used to be sort of what predominated, but now I've got a little Nas and a little Lil Wayne and some other stuff.^[109]

Legal issues [link]

Arrests and incarceration [link]

On July 22, 2007, Lil Wayne was arrested in New York City following a performance at the Beacon Theatre; the New York City Police Department discovered Lil Wayne and another man smoking marijuana near a tour bus. After taking Lil Wayne into custody, police discovered a .40 caliber pistol on his person. The gun, which was registered to his manager, was in a bag located near the rapper.^[110] He was charged with criminal possession of a weapon and marijuana.^[111]^[112] On October 22, 2009, Lil Wayne pleaded guilty to attempted criminal possession of a weapon. He was due for sentencing in February 2010 and was expected to receive a one-year county jail sentence,^[113] but on February 9, 2010, Lil Wayne's attorney announced that the sentencing was delayed until March 2 due to dental surgery,^[114] which was performed on February 16. The surgery included eight root canals, the replacement of several tooth implants, as well as the addition of a few new implants and work on his remaining original teeth.^[115] On March 2, 2010, sentencing was postponed again when the courthouse reported a fire in the basement.^[116] On March 8, 2010, Lil Wayne was sentenced to a year in prison, which he served in Rikers Island. His lawyer said the rapper expected to be held in protective custody, separated from other prisoners.^[117] In May 2010 Wayne was found by Rikers Island correctional staff to be in possession of contraband (an MP3 player, charger, and headphones).^[118] In April 2010, Lil Wayne's friends created a website called Weezy Thanx You, which publishes letters written by Wayne in prison.^[103]^[119] In the first letter, titled "Gone 'til November", the rapper described his daily routine, saying he works out a lot, and reads the Bible every day.^[103] Wayne was released from Rikers Island prison facility on November 4, 2010 after serving eight months of his year-long sentence.^[120]

Following a performance at Qwest Arena in Boise, Idaho, Lil Wayne was arrested October 5, 2007 on felony fugitive charges after Georgia authorities accused the rapper of possessing a controlled substance.^[121] The incident was later described as a "mix-up" and the fugitive charges were dropped.^[122]

On January 23, 2008, Lil Wayne was arrested alongside two others. His tour bus was stopped by Border Patrol agents near Yuma, Arizona. A K-9 Unit recovered 105 grams (3.7 oz) of marijuana, almost 29 grams (1.0 oz) of cocaine, 41 grams (1.4 oz) of MDMA, and $22,000 in cash. Lil Wayne was charged with four felonies: possession of narcotic drug for sale, possession of dangerous drugs, misconduct involving weapons and possession of drug paraphernalia. He was granted permission to travel outside of the state and remain out of custody on the $10,185 bond he posted.^[123] On May 6, 2008, Wayne returned to court in Arizona to plead not guilty to the charges.^[124] A bench warrant was issued on March 17, 2010 when Lil Wayne did not show for a final trial management conference.^[125]^[126] However, the rapper was already in prison, serving a year-long sentence in Rikers on weapons charges. On June 22, 2010 Wayne pleaded guilty to the charges. As part of the plea deal he may serve 36 months of probation.^[127] On June 30, 2010, he was sentenced to 3 years probation.^[128]

On December 18, 2009, Wayne and 11 others were detained at the Falfurrias, Texas border patrol checkpoint after an unknown amount of marijuana was found on two of his tour buses.^[129]

Lawsuits [link]

On July 24, 2008, Abkco Music Inc filed a lawsuit against Lil Wayne for copyright infringement and unfair competition, specifically referring to Tha Carter III's track "Playing with Fire".^[130] In the lawsuit, Abkco claims that the song was obviously derived from The Rolling Stones' "Play with Fire", to which Abkco owns the rights.^[130]^[131] Subsequently, "Playing with Fire" was removed from the tracklist of Tha Carter III on all online music stores and replaced with the David Banner produced track, "Pussy Monster".^[132]^[133]^[134]

In February 2009, production company RMF Productions filed a $1.3 million lawsuit against Wayne, following a $100,000 advance payment for three shows, all of which were cancelled by the artist.^[135]

On October 2009, Lil Wayne, Birdman, Cash Money Records, and various music distribution outlets were sued for copyright infringement by Thomas Marasciullo, who claims his voice was used without permission. The rappers asked him to record some "Italian-styled spoken word recordings" in 2006. The lyrics were allegedly used on "Respect" and other tracks from the rappers' collaboration album Like Father, Like Son and Birdman's 5 * Stunna.^[136]

In March 2011, producer Deezle (Darius Harrison) sued Wayne and his parent labels Cash Money Records over unpaid royalties from Tha Carter III.^[137]

In May 2011, producer Bangladesh also filed a lawsuit against Weezy & Co. over unpaid royalties as well.^[138]

In early June 2011, another producer named David Kirkwood filed a lawsuit against Young Money Entertainment and Cash Money Records on claims that the labels have failed to pay him over $1.5 million in royalties and production services for his work on the album, also including his songwriting on "Love Me or Hate Me", a bonus song featured only on the deluxe edition of the album.^[139]

Also in June 2011, Dallas producers Play-N-Skillz filed a lawsuit against him claiming Wayne owes them at least $1 million in unpaid royalties for "Got Money" from his album Tha Carter III. The single has sold over 2 million copies since being released.^[140]

In July 2011, Done Deal Enterprises, a production company based in Georgia, filed suit against Wayne, Universal Music Group, Cash Money Records and Young Money Entertainment, claiming copyright infringement. The lawsuit alleges Wayne stole the song "BedRock", featured on the compilation album We Are Young Money, and seeks damages of $15 million.^[141]

Controversy [link]

50 Cent [link]

After hearing word that Lil Wayne had written a diss song for him after 50 Cent made some unkind remarks, 50 lashed out at Wayne first on August 17, 2007 with the song "Part Time Lover".^[142] Wayne never really responded to the song, although a 50 Cent diss track called "Louisianimal" did leak much later on November 17, 2008.^[143] 50 responded to Lil Wayne in January 2009 in a song entitled "Play This On The Radio".^[144] As of August 14, 2009, the controversy between 50 Cent and Lil Wayne seems to have ended after 50 Cent appeared and performed at Lil Wayne's America's Most Wanted Musical Festival stop in Anaheim, California.^[145]

Jay-Z [link]

In early 2011, when Jay-Z & Kanye West's single "H•A•M" was released, Jay-Z took shots at Lil Wayne's mentor Birdman, saying "Really, you got Baby money" and "[you] ain't got my lady's money!".^[146] On August 24, 2011, a song called "It's Good" by Lil Wayne (featuring Drake and Jadakiss) was leaked online and included Lil Wayne responding "Talkin’ ‘bout baby money? I gotcha baby money. Kidnap your bitch, get that, How much you love your lady? money".^[147]^[148] Rapper Jadakiss later absolved himself of involvement in any brewing beef on his official Twitter feed.^[149]^[150]

Discography [link]

Main article: Lil Wayne discography

Studio albums

1999: Tha Block Is Hot
2000: Lights Out
2002: 500 Degreez
2004: Tha Carter
2005: Tha Carter II
2008: Tha Carter III
2010: Rebirth
2010: I Am Not a Human Being
2011: Tha Carter IV

Filmography [link]

Film
Year	Film	Role	Notes
2000	Baller Blockin''	Iceberg Shorty	Main Role
2007	Who's Your Caddy?	Himself	Small Role
2009	The Carter	Himself	Documentary DVD, Main Role
2010	Hurricane Season	Lamont Johnson	Small Role
Television
Year	Title	Role	Notes
2007	Access Granted	Himself
2007	The Boondocks
2009	Nike Zoom VI LeBron James "Chalk"	Himself	Minor appearance
	Gatorade	Himself	Narrator
	1st and 10
	Around the Horn
	Behind The Music	Himself
	All Access With Katie Couric	Himself
	The Mo'Nique Show	Himself
2010	Freaknik: The Musical	Trap Jesus
2010	Saturday Night Live	Himself	Performed alongside Eminem a medley of songs including "No Love"

Awards [link]

Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Lil Wayne

References [link]

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^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Birchmeier, Jason (2010). "Lil Wayne – Biography". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p384397. Retrieved June 18, 2010.
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^ ^a ^b "Lil’ Wayne wants respect for Southern rap". Associated Press. MSNBC. May 31, 2006. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/12992671/. Retrieved February 7, 2009.
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^ ^a ^b "The Hot Boys – Billboard Albums". allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p278459. Retrieved September 13, 2008.
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^ Juvenile – Billboard Singles. allmusic
^ Birchmeier, Jason. "Let 'Em Burn – Overview". allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r633952. Retrieved September 13, 2008.
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^ Bush, John (2002). ""500 Degreez" – Overview". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r597992. Retrieved April 20, 2008.
^ Moss, Corey (October 4, 2002). "Remaining 3LW Pair Too Busy To Hold Auditions For New Member". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1457967/20021004/3lw.jhtml. Retrieved April 20, 2008.
^ Kellman, Andy (June 29, 2004). "Tha Carter > Overview". allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r694680. Retrieved September 13, 2008. Hoard, Christian (August 5, 2004). "Lil Wayne: Tha Carter". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on November 13, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071113085401/http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/lilwayne/albums/album/6041342/review/6294718/tha_carter.
^ Hope, Clover (November 3, 2005). "Lil Wayne Nabs Kurupt, Lil' Mo For New CD". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001433632.
^ "Destiny's Child – Billboard Singles". Allmusic. 2006. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p278369. Retrieved March 28, 2008.
^ Reid, Shaheem (July 24, 2006). "Lil Wayne: Lil Big Man". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/bands/l/lil_wayne/qa_feature_072406/. Retrieved April 22, 2011.
^ Checkoway, Laura (October 2, 2007). "Weezy F. Baby: Uncut". Vibe. Archived from the original on June 11, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080611145950/http://www.vibe.com/news/news_headlines/2007/10/lil_wayne_excerpts/.
^ Hope, Clover (December 3, 2007). "Lil Wayne: Last Time I Checked". XXL. http://www.xxlmag.com/online/?p=16889.
^ "Me, Myself and I – Charts & Awards – Billboard Singles". allmusic. 2006. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r930481. Retrieved February 5, 2009.
^ "The Grammy Nominees Are...". Entertainment Weekly. December 5, 2007. http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,1567466_20010832_20164511,00.html. Retrieved February 5, 2009.
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^ "Lil Wayne: Workaholic of the year". Mtv. http://www.mtv.com/photos/?fid=1574723&pid=2674268. Retrieved May 22, 2011.
^ Matthew D. Thibeault. ""Hip-Hop, Digital Media, and the Changing Face of Music Education". ''General Music Today''. October 2010 24: 46–49". Gmt.sagepub.com. DOI:10.1177/1048371310379097. http://gmt.sagepub.com/content/24/1/46.full.pdf+html. Retrieved October 26, 2010.
^ MTV News Staff (January 17, 2008). Mary J. Blige 'Lives' Again On TV Soap; Plus Remy Ma, Lil Wayne, Nelly, Amy Winehouse, Scarlett Johansson, Zac Efron & More, In For The Record. MTV. Retrieved January 17, 2008.
^ "Lil' Wayne – The Leak EP". The DJ Booth. http://www.djbooth.net/index/albums/review/lil-wayne-the-leak-ep/. Retrieved May 28, 2011.
^ Mayfield, Geoff. Lil Wayne Cracks 1 Million With 'Tha Carter III'. Billboard: June 17, 2008
^ ^a ^b "The 51st Annual Grammy Awards Winners List". National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. 2009. Archived from the original on November 5, 2009. http://replay.web.archive.org/20091105212925/http://www.grammy.com/GRAMMY_Awards/51st_show/list.aspx.
^ Lil Wayne – Tha Carter, Vol. 3 – Gold & Platinum. RIAA
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^ [1]^{[dead link]}
^ Lil Wayne Preps Mixtape And Tha Carter IV; Juelz Santana Plans Skull Gang Takeover: Mixtape Monday. MTV.com.'.' Retrieved September 15, 2008.
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^ Lil Wayne to Drop 3 Albums This Year? Rap-Up.
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^ You Da One! Rihanna named best-selling digital download artist of ALL TIME
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^ ^a ^b Reid, Shaheem (April 24, 2009). "Lil Wayne Charms The Ladies Of 'The View'". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1610007/20090424/lil_wayne.jhtml. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
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^ ^a ^b Kelefa Sanneh (February 26, 2008). "Savoring a Moment in the Sun, Despite a Court Date". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/26/arts/music/26wayn.html?_r=3&oref=slogin&oref=slogin. Retrieved December 2, 2010. "Lil Wayne had three things to explain. No. 1, a religious confession: “I believe in God and his son, Jesus. Do you?” He interpreted the roar as an affirmative response. No. 2, a professional confession: He said he was nothing without the fans, adding, “Make some noise for what you created!” Noise was made. No. 3: Same as No. 2. More noise."
^ ^a ^b ^c Kreps, Daniel (April 2, 2010). "Lil Wayne Launches Prison Website "Weezy Thanx You"". The Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/13316/71519. Retrieved July 24, 2010.
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^ "About One Family Foundation". Change.org. http://www.change.org/1familyfoundation/details/about.
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^ President Obama Has Jay-Z And 'A Little Lil Wayne' On His iPod, MTV.
^ Rodriguez, Jayson (March 2, 2010). "Lil Wayne To Be Sentenced, Begin Jail Term Today". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1632931/20100301/lil_wayne.jhtml. Retrieved March 9, 2010.
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^ Rodriguez, Jayson (February 9, 2010). "Lil Wayne Sentencing Delayed Due To Dental Surgery". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1631576/20100209/lil_wayne.jhtml. Retrieved February 15, 2010.
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^ Peltz, Jennifer (March 2, 2010). "Lil Wayne sentencing postponed". WDTN. http://www.wdtn.com/dpps/entertainment/celebrity/lil-wayne-sentencing-postponed-due-to-court-fire-_3257686. Retrieved March 2, 2010.
^ "US rapper Lil Wayne sentenced to a year in prison". BBC. March 8, 2010. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/8556873.stm. Retrieved March 9, 2010.
^ "Lil' Wayne – Contraband Bust Behind Bars". National Ledger. May 13, 2010. http://www.nationalledger.com/artman/publish/article_272631766.shtml. Retrieved May 19, 2010.
^ "Weezy Thanx You official website". Young Money Entertainment. http://weezythanxyou.com/. Retrieved July 24, 2010.
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^ "Lil Wayne Arrested After Idaho Concert". The Washington Post. Associated Press. October 6, 2007. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/06/AR2007100601122.html. Retrieved November 29, 2010.
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^ "YumaSun.com". Lil-wayne-news.newslib.com. http://lil-wayne-news.newslib.com/story/10288-556/. Retrieved October 26, 2010.
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^ Gilbert, James (March 16, 2010). "Warrant issued for Lil' Wayne in Yuma case". Yuma Sun. http://www.yumasun.com/news/warrant-57015-yuma-court.html.
^ "Warrant issued for Lil Wayne in Arizona case". USA Today. March 16, 2010. http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2010-03-16-lil-wayne-warrant_N.htm?csp=34.
^ "Lil' Wayne pleads guilty to Arizona drug charge". CNN. June 22, 2010. http://www.cnn.com/2010/CRIME/06/22/lil.wayne.plea/index.html. Retrieved June 22, 2010.
^ "Lil Wayne Gets Probation In AZ Drug Case". Billboard. June 30, 2010. http://www.billboard.com/#/news/lil-wayne-gets-probation-in-az-drug-case-1004101707.story. Retrieved June 30, 2010.
^ Ley, Ana (December 18, 2009). "Rapper Lil Wayne detained at Falfurrias checkpoint". The Monitor. http://www.themonitor.com/articles/detained-33692-border-patrol.html. Retrieved February 15, 2010.
^ ^a ^b "Lil Wayne sued for using Rolling Stones track". NME (Los Angeles). July 24, 2008. http://www.nme.com/news/the-rolling-stones/38434. Retrieved 2008-08-21.
^ Kaufman, Gil (July 25, 2008). "Lil Wayne Sued By Rolling Stones Publisher Over 'Playing With Fire'". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1591539/20080725/lil_wayne.jhtml. Retrieved 2008-08-21.
^ "Tha Cater III on iTunes". iTunes Store. http://phobos.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewAlbum?id=287818308&s=143441. Retrieved 2008-08-21.
^ "Tha Cater III on Amazon". Amazon. http://www.amazon.com/dp/B001ESDIQ0. Retrieved 2008-10-25.
^ "Tha Cater III on Rhapsody". Rhapsody. http://www.rhapsody.com/lilwayne/22649086_thacarteriii. Retrieved 2008-10-25.
^ "Lil Wayne Sued 1.3 million Over Canceled NY Shows". idiomag. February 17, 2009. http://www.idiomag.com/peek/65262/lil_wayne. Retrieved February 19, 2009.
^ "Rapper Wayne sued over copyright". BBC. October 31, 2009. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/8335706.stm. Retrieved March 9, 2010.
^ Brad Wete (March 24, 2011). "Lil Wayne sued for $20 million by unpaid 'Lollipop' producer". http://music-mix.ew.com/2011/03/24/lil-wayne-sued-producer/.
^ "Lil Wayne lawsuit over 'The Carter' documentary takes another twist". Los Angeles Times. May 2, 2011. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/music_blog/2011/05/lil-wayne-lawsuit-over-the-carter-documentary-takes-another-twist.html.
^ "Lil Wayne's producer sues Cash Money Records". The Boom Box. 2011-06-14. http://www.theboombox.com/2011/06/07/lil-waynes-producer-sues-cash-money-records/. Retrieved 2011-11-13.
^ "Lil Wayne sued again for 1 million dollars over unpaid Carter III royalties". GossipOnThis. 2011-06-11. http://gossiponthis.com/2011/06/11/lil-wayne-sued-again-for-1-million-dollars-over-unpaid-carter-iii-royalties-photos-of-him-performing-at-the-bonnaroo-music-arts-festival/. Retrieved 2011-11-13.
^ "Lil Wayne Accused of Lifting 'BedRock'". http://www.billboard.com/column/the-juice/lil-wayne-accused-of-lifting-bedrock-1005305212.story#/column/the-juice/lil-wayne-accused-of-lifting-bedrock-1005305212.story. Retrieved November 13, 2011.
^ HipHopDX.com – 50 Cent Disses Lil' Wayne. HipHopDX.com. Retrieved August 17, 2007.
^ HipHopDX.com – Lil Wayne – Louisianimal (50 Cent Diss). HipHopDX.com. Retrieved November 27, 2008.
^ "50 Cent – Play This On The Radio". Hiphopdx.com. January 10, 2009. http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/audio/id.6483/title.50-cent-play-this-on-the-radio. Retrieved September 8, 2010.
^ 50 Cent Makes Surprise Appearance During Lil Wayne Tour^{[dead link]}
^ Danielle Canada (2011-01-12). "Jay-Z Disses Birdman On "H.A.M." With Kanye West- Audio". Hiphopwired.com. http://hiphopwired.com/2011/01/12/jay-z-disses-birdman-on-%E2%80%9Ch-a-m-%E2%80%9D-with-kanye-west-audio/. Retrieved 2011-11-13.
^ Horowitz, Steven J. (2011-08-24). "Lil Wayne Disses Jay-Z On "It's Good" Featuring Jadakiss & Drake". HipHop DX. http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.16588/title.lil-wayne-disses-jay-z-on-its-good-featuring-jadakiss-drake. Retrieved 2011-11-13.
^ "Is Lil Wayne Firing Shots At Jay-Z And Beyoncé On ‘It’s Good?’". Rapfix.mtv.com. 2011-08-24. http://rapfix.mtv.com/2011/08/24/is-lil-wayne-firing-shots-at-jay-z-on-its-good/. Retrieved 2011-11-13.
^ Jadakiss on Twitter
^ Therealkiss Twitter

External links [link]

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Lil Wayne

Official website
Lil Wayne at Allmusic
Lil Wayne at MTV
Lil Wayne at the Internet Movie Database
Lil Wayne's favorite movies

Lil Wayne related articles

v t e Lil Wayne

Discography Awards and nominations Videography

Studio albums	Tha Block Is Hot Lights Out 500 Degreez Tha Carter Tha Carter II Tha Carter III Rebirth I Am Not a Human Being Tha Carter IV I Am Not a Human Being II

Extended plays	The Leak

Collaboration albums	Like Father, Like Son (with Birdman) We Are Young Money (with Young Money Entertainment)

Mixtapes	Dedication 2 Da Drought 3 Dedication 3 No Ceilings Sorry 4 the Wait

Concert tours	I Am Music Tour America's Most Wanted Tour

Related articles	Hot Boys Cash Money Millionaires Young Money Entertainment

v t e Lil Wayne singles discography

Tha Block Is Hot	"Tha Block Is Hot"

500 Degreez	"Way of Life"

Tha Carter	"Go D.J."

Tha Carter II	"Fireman" "Hustler Musik" "Shooter"

The Leak	"Gossip" "I'm Me"

Tha Carter III	"Lollipop" "A Milli" "Got Money" "Mrs. Officer"

Rebirth	"Prom Queen" "On Fire" "Drop the World"

I Am Not a Human Being	"Right Above It"

Tha Carter IV	"6 Foot 7 Foot" "John" "How to Love" "She Will" "It's Good" "Mirror"

Promotional singles	"Get Something" "You Ain't Got Nuthin" "Mr. Carter" "Hot Revolver" "Knockout"

Featured singles	"Back That Thang Up" "Bling Bling" "#1 Stunna" "Neva Get Enuf" "Soldier" "Don't Trip" "Gimme That" "Holla at Me" "You Know What" "Where da Cash At" "Make It Rain" "Hollywood Divorce" "You" "We Takin' Over" "Lock U Down" "Pop Bottles" "Speaker/9mm" "Duffle Bag Boy" "Uh-Ohhh!" "Sweetest Girl (Dollar Bill)" "100 Million" "Push" "Love in This Club Part II" "Girls Around the World" "I Run This" "My Life" "Can't Believe It" "Let It Rock" "Shawty Say" "Official Girl" "Swagga Like Us" "Cuddy Buddy" "I'm So Paid" "All My Life (In the Ghetto)" "Turnin Me On" "Unstoppable" "Always Strapped" "Respect My Conglomerate" "So Good" "Maybach Music 2" "Down" "Successful" "Money to Blow" "Forever" "Heard 'em All" "I Can Transform Ya" "Give It Up to Me" "4 My Town (Play Ball)" "Revolver" "Women Lie, Men Lie" "I Made It (Cash Money Heroes)" "Miss Me" "Loyalty" "No Love" "Fire Flame" "Welcome to My Hood" "Roman's Revenge" "Look at Me Now" "Bow Chicka Wow Wow" "Hit the Lights" "Someone to Love Me (Naked)" "This Is What Rock n' Roll Looks Like" "I'm Into You" "Motivation" "Red Nation" "Hustle Hard (Remix)" "Dirty Dancer" "Ballin'" "I'm On One" "Love U Right" "Dedication To My Ex (Miss That)" "Y.U. Mad" "Strange Clouds" "The Motto" "Martians vs. Goblins" "Faded" "Roman Reloaded" "Take It to the Head" "HYFR (Hell Ya Fucking Right)" "I Can Only Imagine"

Other songs	"I'm Goin' In" "Blunt Blowin"

v t e Hot Boys

B.G. Juvenile Lil Wayne Turk

Studio albums	Get It How U Live! Guerrilla Warfare Let 'Em Burn

Soundtracks	Baller Blockin'

Singles	"Neighborhood Superstars" "We On Fire" "I Need A Hot Girl" "Rock Ice" "Baller Blockin" "Project Chick" "My Section" "Gangsta N***"

v t e Cash Money Records

Artists	Ace Hood · Bangladesh · B.G. · Birdman · Brisco · Bow Wow · Busta Rhymes · Chris Richardson · Christina Milian · Cool & Dre · Cory Gunz · DJ Khaled · Drake · Glasses Malone · Israel Cruz · Jay Sean · Kevin Rudolf · Lil Wayne · Limp Bizkit · Mack Maine · Mystikal · Nicki Minaj · Shanell · T Lopez · Tyga

Former artists	2 Pistols · All Star Cashville Prince · Big Tymers · Boo & Gotti · Cash Money Millionaires · Curren$y · Dunk Ryders · Freeway · Hot Boys · Jazze Pha · Juvenile · Keke Wyatt · Lil' Mo · Mack 10 · Mannie Fresh · Stacks · Teena Marie · Tha Dogg Pound · The B.G.'z · TQ · Turk · U.N.L.V. · Young Buck

Record labels	Young Money Entertainment · We the Best Music Group

v t e Young Money Entertainment

Founder	Lil Wayne

Artists	Christina Milian Cory Gunz Drake Lil Twist Mack Maine Nicki Minaj Shanell Tyga

Former artists	Curren$y

Studio albums	We Are Young Money

Singles	"Every Girl" "BedRock" "Roger That"

Persondata
Name	Lil Wayne
Alternative names	Carter, Dwayne Michael, Jr.
Short description	Rapper
Date of birth	September 27, 1982
Place of birth	New Orleans, Louisiana
Date of death
Place of death

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Keladi Chennamma was the Queen of Keladi Kingdom in Karnataka, daughter of Siddappa Setti of Kundapur. She married King Somashekara in 1667. After Somashekara, she became the queen of Keladi Nayaka dynasty who fought the Mughal Army of Aurangzeb from her base in the kingdom of Keladi in the Shimoga district of Karnataka State, India. She adopted Basavappa Nayaka, who was one of her close relatives. She gave shelter to the son of Shivaji Maharaj infuriating the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. Her cabinet was headed by brave Timmanna Nayaka who was the descendent of a commander of Vijayanagra. The battle in Keladi with Mughals ended in a treaty. Her rule lasted for 25 years, and Keladi kingdom was probably the last to lose autonomy to Mysore rulers and subsequently to British. She is considered as the epitome of the Kannada women's valor along with Onake Obavva and Kittur Chennamma.

Aurangzeb had conquered many kingdoms in North India and had turned his eyes towards the South. His thirst for expansion was not yet quenched and his vast, powerful army attacked this small state. The excuse had been that the Queen had given shelter to the son of Maharaja Shivaji.

She had the complexion of a pearl, with bright eyes and a broad forehead. A long nose and curly hair adorned a face of royal dignity. The beautiful Queen was full of good qualities. She had the ability to kill her enemies in battle, like Durga (the goddess of power). Beauty, valor, piety and generosity all blended in this great Queen.

External links [link]

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Contents

[edit] 2000-03: Lights Out and 500 Degreez

[edit] 2003-05: Tha Carter and Tha Carter II

[edit] 2006-08: Like Father, Like Son, Mixtapes and collaborations

[edit] 2008-10: Tha Carter III, We Are Young Money and Rebirth

[edit] 2010: I Am Not a Human Being

[edit] 2011-present: Tha Carter IV

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