Glock
An early "third generation" Glock 17
Type	Semi-automatic pistol
Place of origin	Austria
Service history
In service	1982–present
Used by	See Users
Production history
Designer	Gaston Glock
Designed	1979–1982
Manufacturer	Glock Ges.m.b.H.
Unit cost	$500.00 - $650.00
Produced	1982–present
Number built	2,500,000 [1]
Variants	See Variants
Specifications
Cartridge	9×19mm Parabellum (Glock 17, 18, 19, 26, 34) 10mm Auto (Glock 20, 29) .45 ACP (Glock 21, 30, 36) .40 S&W (Glock 22, 23, 24, 27, 35) .380 ACP (Glock 25, 28) .357 SIG (Glock 31, 32, 33) .45 GAP (Glock 37, 38, 39)
Action	Short recoil, locked breech, tilting barrel (straight blowback for .380 ACP variants)
Muzzle velocity	375 m/s (1,230 ft/s) (Glock 17, Glock 17C, Glock 18, Glock 18C)[2]
Effective range	50 m (55 yd) (Glock 17, Glock 17C, Glock 18, Glock 18C)
Feed system	Box magazine, see Variants for capacities
Sights	Fixed, adjustable and Tritium-illuminated handgun night sights

The Glock, sometimes referred to by the manufacturer as the Glock "Safe Action" Pistol, is a series of semi-automatic pistols designed and produced by Glock Ges.m.b.H., located in Deutsch-Wagram, Austria. The company's founder, engineer Gaston Glock, had no experience with firearm design or manufacture at the time their first pistol, the Glock 17, was being prototyped. Glock did, however, have extensive experience in advanced synthetic polymers, knowledge of which was instrumental in the company's design of the first successful line of pistols with a polymer frame. Glock introduced ferritic nitrocarburizing, a form of case hardening, into the firearms industry as an anti-corrosion surface treatment for metal gun parts.^[3]

Despite initial resistance from the market to accept a "plastic gun" due to durability and reliability concerns, Glock pistols have become the company's most profitable line of products, commanding 65% of the market share of handguns for United States law enforcement agencies^[4] as well as supplying numerous national armed forces, security agencies, and law enforcement agencies in 48 countries.

History[link]

Development[link]

A "first generation" Glock 17 with the slide locked back

A "second generation" Glock 17, identified by the checkering on the front and rear straps of the pistol grip and trigger guard

An early "third generation" Glock 19, identified by the addition of thumb rests, an accessory rail and finger grooves on the front strap of the pistol grip.

A "third generation" Glock 17C, identified by a reshaped extractor that serves as a loaded chamber indicator. Notice the addition of the second cross pin above the trigger.

In 1980, the Austrian military announced that it would seek tenders for a new, modern duty pistol to replace their World War II–era Walther P38 handguns.^[5] The Austrian Ministry of Defence formulated a list of 17 criteria for the new generation service pistol:^[6]

1. The design has to be self-loading.
2. The pistol must fire the NATO-standard 9×19mm Parabellum round.
3. The magazines would not require any means of assistance for loading.
4. The magazines must have a minimum capacity of 8 rounds.
5. All actions necessary to prepare the pistol for firing and any actions required after firing must be done single-handed, either right- or left-handed.
6. The pistol must be absolutely secure against accidental discharge from shock, stroke and drops from a height of 2 meters onto a steel plate.
7. Disassembly of the main parts for maintenance and reassembling must be possible without the use of any tools.
8. Maintenance and cleaning of the pistol must be accomplished without the use of tools.
9. The pistol's construction may not exceed 58 individual parts (equivalent of a P38).
10. Gauges, measuring and precise testing devices must not be necessary for the long-term maintenance of the pistol.
11. The manufacturer is required to provide the Ministry of Defence with a complete set of engineering drawings and exploded views. These must be supplied with all the relevant details for the production of the pistol.
12. All components must be fully interchangeable between pistols.
13. No more than 20 malfunctions are permitted during the first 10,000 rounds fired, not even minor jams that can be cleared without the use of any tools.
14. After firing 15,000 rounds of standard ammunition, the pistol will be inspected for wear. The pistol will then be used to fire an overpressure test cartridge generating 5,000 bar (500 MPa; 73,000 psi) (the normal maximum operating pressure Pmax for the 9 mm NATO is rated at 2,520 bar (252 MPa; 36,500 psi).^[7] The critical components must continue to function properly and be up to specifications, otherwise the pistol will be disqualified.
15. When handled properly, under no circumstances may the user be endangered by case ejection.
16. The muzzle energy must be at least 441.5 J when firing a 9mm S-round/P-08 Hirtenberger AG.
17. Pistols scoring less than 70% of the total available points will not be considered for military use.

Glock became aware of the Austrian Army's planned procurement and in 1982 assembled a team of Europe's leading handgun experts from military, police and civilian sport shooting circles to define the most desirable characteristics in a combat pistol.^[6] Within three months, Glock developed a working prototype.^[8] The new weapon made extensive use of synthetic materials and modern manufacturing technologies in its design, making it a very cost-effective candidate. Several samples of the 9×19mm Glock 17 (so named because it was the 17th patent of the company) were submitted for assessment trials in early 1982, and after passing all of the exhaustive endurance and abuse tests, Glock emerged as the winner with the Model 17.^[9][10][11]

The handgun was adopted into service with the Austrian military and police forces in 1982 as the P80 (Pistole 80),^[12] with an initial order for 25,000 guns.^[8] The Glock 17 outperformed eight different pistols from five other established manufacturers (Heckler & Koch offered their P7M8, P7M13 and P9S, SIG-Sauer of Switzerland bid with their P220 and P226 models, Beretta of Italy submitted their model 92SB-F, FN Herstal proposed an updated variant of the Browning Hi-Power, and the home-grown Steyr entered the competition with the GB).^[13]

The results of the Austrian trials sparked a wave of interest in Western Europe and overseas, particularly in the United States, where a similar effort to select a service-wide replacement for the M1911 had been ongoing since the late 1970s (known as the Joint Service Small Arms Program). In late 1983, the United States Department of Defense inquired about the Glock pistol and received four samples of the Glock 17 for unofficial evaluation.^[14] Glock was then invited to participate in the XM9 Personal Defense Pistol Trials, but declined because the DOD specifications would require extensive retooling of production equipment and providing 35 test samples in an unrealistic time frame.^[14]

Shortly thereafter, the Glock 17 was accepted into service with the Norwegian, and Swedish Armed Forces, surpassing all prior NATO durability standards.^[14] As a result, the Glock 17 became a standard NATO-classified sidearm and was granted a NATO Stock Number (1005-25-133-6775).^[14]

In the mid-1980s, American law enforcement agencies were becoming concerned that they were being "outgunned" by heavily armed criminals involved in the crack cocaine trade. In response, Glock's U.S. representatives marketed their new weapon to police, pointing out its higher capacity for ammunition and arguing it was more accurate and easier to maintain than the revolvers most departments were using at that time.^[15] The introduction of the Glock led to incorrect reports by the media claiming that the polymer composition of the gun's frame would render it invisible to metal detectors and airport X-ray machines,^[16] a belief which was also echoed in the movie Die Hard 2.^[17] These incorrect portrayals of the Glock pistol exposed the gun to a great deal of publicity, invariably leading to an increase of sales.^[18]

By 1992, some 350,000 pistols had been sold in more than 45 countries, including 250,000 in the United States alone.^[12]

Product evolution[link]

The Glock was modified several times throughout its production history. In 1991, an integrated recoil spring assembly replaced the original two-piece recoil spring and tube design. The magazine was slightly modified, changing the floorplate and fitting the follower spring with a resistance insert at its base.

Second generation models[link]

A mid-life upgrade to the Glock pistols involved the addition of checkering on the front strap and serrations to the back strap. These versions were introduced in 1988 and are informally referred to as "second generation" models. To meet American ATF regulations, a steel plate with a stamped serial number was embedded into the receiver in front of the trigger guard.

Third generation models[link]

In the late 1990s, the frame was further modified with an accessory rail (called the "Universal Glock rail") to allow the mounting of laser sights, tactical lights, and other accessories. Thumb rests on both sides of the frame and finger grooves on the front strap were added. Glock pistols with these upgrades are informally referred to as (early) "third generation" models.

Later third generation models additionally featured a modified extractor that serves as a loaded chamber indicator, and the locking block was enlarged, along with the addition of an extra cross pin to aid the distribution of forces exerted by the locking block. This cross pin is known as the locking block pin and located above the trigger pin.^[19]

The polymer frames of third generation models can be black or olive drab. Besides that, non-firing dummy pistols ("R" models) have a bright red frame and Simunition-adapted practice pistols ("T" models)—a bright blue frame for easy identification.^[20]

In 2009, the Glock 22 RTF2 (Rough Texture Frame 2) (chambered in .40 S&W) was introduced. This pistol featured a new checkering texture around the grip and new scalloped (fish gill shaped) serrations at the rear of the sides of the slide.^[21][22]

Fourth generation models[link]

Comparison of "third" (left) and "fourth" generation (right) Glock 19 grip frames

At the 2010 SHOT Show, Glock presented the "fourth generation" design, with updates centered on ergonomics and the recoil spring assembly. The fourth generation models do not have total parts modularity with its predecessors, meaning not all parts can be mixed and matched with previous Glock generations. The initial two fourth generation models announced were the full-size Glock 17 and Glock 22, chambered for the 9×19mm Parabellum and .40 S&W cartridges, respectively. The pistols were displayed with a modified rough texture frame, grip checkering, and interchangeable backstraps of different sizes. "Gen4" is rollmarked on the slide next to the model number to identify the fourth generation pistols.

The basic grip size of the fourth generation Glock pistols is slightly smaller compared to the previous design. A punch is provided to remove the standard trigger housing pin and replace it for the longer cross pin needed to mount the medium or large backstrap. With the medium backstrap installed, the grip size is comparable to the third generation pistols. The magazine release catches are enlarged and reversible for left-handed use. To utilize the swappable magazine release feature, fourth generation Glock magazines have two notches cut on both sides of the magazine body.

Mechanically, fourth generation Glock pistols are fitted with a dual recoil spring assembly to help reduce perceived recoil and increase service life expectancy. Earlier subcompact Glock models such as the Glock 26 have already used a dual recoil spring assembly which was carried over to the fourth generation versions of those models. The slide and barrel shelf have been resized, and the front portion of the polymer frame has been widened and internally enlarged, in order to accommodate the dual recoil spring assembly. The trigger mechanism housing has also been modified to fit into the smaller sized grip space.^{[23][24][25][26][27][28]}

The introduction of fourth generation Glock pistols continued in July 2010 when the Glock 19 and Glock 23, the reduced size "compact" versions of the Glock 17 and Glock 22, became available for retail.^[29] In late 2010 Glock continued the introduction of fourth generation models with the Glock 26 and Glock 27 "subcompact" variants.

2011 recoil spring assembly exchange program[link]

In September 2011 Glock announced a recoil spring exchange program in which the manufacturer voluntarily offers to exchange the recoil spring assemblies of its fourth generation pistols (with the exception of the "subcompact" Glock 26 and Glock 27 models) sold before 22 July 2011 at no cost “in order to ensure our products perform up to GLOCK’s stringent standards,” according to the company.^[30]

Design details[link]

Operating mechanism[link]

The Glock 17 is a 9mm short recoil-operated locked breech semi-automatic pistol that uses a modified Browning cam-lock system adapted from the Hi-Power pistol.^[31] The firearm's locking mechanism utilizes a linkless, vertically tilting barrel with a rectangular breech that locks into the ejection port cut-out in the slide. During the recoil stroke, the barrel moves rearward initially locked together with the slide approximately 3 mm (0.12 in) until the bullet leaves the barrel and chamber pressure drops to a safe level. A ramped lug extension at the base of the barrel then interacts with a tapered locking block integrated into the frame, forcing the barrel down and unlocking it from the slide. This camming action terminates the barrel's movement while the slide continues back under recoil, extracting and ejecting the spent cartridge casing. The slide's uninterrupted rearward movement and counter-recoil cycle are characteristic of the Browning system.^[32]

Features[link]

A subcompact Glock 30 field stripped to its main parts with a .45 ACP round

The slide features a spring-loaded claw extractor and the stamped sheet metal ejector is pinned to the subframe.^[12] Post 2002 pistols have a reshaped extractor that serves as a loaded chamber indicator. When a cartridge is present in the chamber, a tactile metal edge protrudes slightly out immediately behind the ejection port on the right side of the slide.^[33] On subcompact and competition models the front portion of slide features tapered side contours.

The striker firing mechanism has a spring-loaded firing pin that is cocked in two stages, powered by the firing pin spring. When the pistol is charged, the firing pin is in the half-cock position. As the trigger is pulled, the striker is then fully cocked. At the end of its travel, the trigger bar is tilted downward by the disconnector, releasing the striker to fire the cartridge. The disconnector resets the trigger bar so that the striker will be captured in half-cock at the end of the firing cycle. This is known as a pre-set trigger mechanism, referred to as the "Safe Action" trigger by the manufacturer. The disconnector ensures the pistol can only fire semi-automatically.

The factory-standard two-stage trigger has a trigger travel of 12.5 mm (0.49 in) and is rated at 25 N (5.6 lb_f), but by using a modified connector it can be increased to 35 N (7.9 lb_f) or lowered to 20 N (4.5 lb_f). In response to a request made by American law enforcement agencies for a two-stage trigger with increased trigger pull, Glock introduced the NY1 (New York) trigger module, which features a flat spring in a plastic housing that replaces the trigger bar's standard coil spring. This trigger modification is available in two versions: NY1 and NY2 that are rated at 25 N (5.6 lb_f) to 40 N (9.0 lb_f) and 32 N (7.2 lb_f) to 50 N (11.2 lb_f) respectively, which require approximately 20 N (4.5 lb_f) to 30 N (6.7 lb_f) of force to disengage the safeties and another 10 N (2.2 lb_f) to 20 N (4.5 lb_f) in the second stage to fire a shot.

Two variations of trigger face are made. A smooth faced version is supplied on all full size frame Glocks, while a serrated face trigger comes installed on all compact and subcompact Glock pistols.

The Glock's frame, magazine body and several other components are made from a high-strength nylon-based polymer invented by Gaston Glock and called Polymer 2.^[34] This plastic was specially formulated to provide increased durability and is more resilient than carbon steel and most steel alloys. Polymer 2 is resistant to shock, caustic liquids and temperature extremes where traditional steel/alloy frames would warp and become brittle.^[34] The injection molded frame contains 4 hardened steel guide rails for the slide: two at the rear of the frame, and the remaining pair above and in front of the trigger guard. The trigger guard itself is squared off at the front and checkered. The grip has a non-slip, stippled surface on the sides and both the front and rear straps. The frame houses the locking block, which is an investment casting that engages a 45° camming surface on the barrel's lower camming lug. It is retained in the frame by a steel axis pin that holds the trigger and slide catch. The trigger housing is held to the frame by means of a plastic pin. A spring-loaded sheet metal pressing serves as the slide catch, which is secured from unintentional manipulation by a raised guard molded into the frame.

The Glock pistol has a relatively low slide profile, which holds the barrel axis close to the shooter's hand and makes the pistol more comfortable to shoot by reducing muzzle rise and allows for faster aim recovery in rapid shooting sequence. The rectangular slide is milled from a single block of ordnance-grade steel using CNC machinery.^[35] The barrel and slide are treated with a proprietary nitriding process called Tenifer. The slide and barrel undergo two hardening processes prior to the Tenifer treatment, applied in a 500 °C nitrate bath.^[34] The Tenifer finish is between 0.04 mm (0.0016 in) and 0.05 mm (0.0020 in) in thickness, and is characterized by extreme resistance to wear and corrosion; it penetrates the metal, and treated parts have similar properties even below the surface to a certain depth.^[36] The Tenifer process produces a matte gray-colored, non-glare surface with a 64 Rockwell C hardness rating and a 99% resistance to salt water corrosion (which meets or exceeds stainless steel specifications),^[35] making the Glock particularly suitable for individuals carrying the pistol concealed as the highly chloride-resistant finish allows the pistol to better endure the effects of perspiration.^[36] Glock pistols with their Tenifer treatment are more corrosion-resistant than analogous guns on the market with any other type of finish, including Teflon, bluing, hard chrome plating, phosphates and other alloys.^[36] After applying the Tenifer process, a black Parkerized decorative surface finish is applied. The underlying Tenifer treatment will remain protecting these parts even if the decorative surface finish were to wear off.^[3]

A current production Glock 17 consists of 34 parts. For maintenance, the pistol disassembles into five main groups: the barrel, slide, frame, magazine, and recoil-spring assembly.

The firearm is designed for the NATO-standard 9×19mm Parabellum pistol cartridge, but can use high-power (increased pressure) +P and +P+ ammunition with either full-metal-jacket or jacketed hollow-point projectiles.

Barrel[link]

Standard sighting arrangement of a "first generation" Glock 17

The hammer-forged barrel has a female type polygonal rifling with a right-hand twist. The stabilization of the round is not by conventional rifling, using lands and grooves, but rather through a polygonal profile consisting of a series of six interconnected non-circular segments. Each depressed segment within the interior of the barrel is the equivalent of a groove in a conventional barrel. Thus the interior of the barrel consists of six smooth arcs of steel rather than six sharply defined slots. The method by which Glock barrels are rifled is somewhat unusual; instead of using a traditional broaching machine to cut the rifling into the bore, the Glock process involves beating a slowly rotating mandrel through the bore to obtain the hexagonal shape.^[37] As a result, the barrel's thickness in the area of each groove is not compromised as with conventional square-cut barrels. This has the advantage of providing a better gas seal around the projectile as the bore has a slightly smaller diameter, which translates into more efficient use of the combustion gases trapped behind the bullet,^[37] slightly greater (consistency in) muzzle velocities, increased accuracy and ease of maintenance.^[38]

Safety[link]

Glock pistols are designed with three independent safety mechanisms to prevent accidental discharge. The system, designated "Safe Action" by Glock, consists of an external integrated trigger safety^[39] and two automatic internal safeties: a firing pin safety^[40] and a drop safety.^[41] The external safety is a small inner lever contained in the trigger. Pressing the lever activates the trigger bar and sheet metal connector. The firing pin safety is a solid hardened steel pin that, in the secured state, blocks the firing pin channel (disabling the firing pin in its longitudinal axis). It is pushed upward to release the firing pin for firing only when the trigger is actuated and the safety is pushed up through the backward movement of the trigger bar. The drop safety guides the trigger bar in a ramp that is released only when direct rearward pressure is applied to the trigger. The three safety mechanisms are automatically disengaged one after the other when the trigger is squeezed, and are automatically reactivated when the trigger is released.^[12][42] This passive safety system omits the manipulation of traditional on-off levers, hammers or other external safeties as found in many other handgun designs.

In 2003, Glock announced the Internal Locking System (ILS) safety feature. The ILS is a manually activated lock that is located in the back of the pistol's grip. It is cylindrical in design and, according to Glock, each key is unique. When activated, the lock causes a tab to protrude from the rear of the grip giving both a visual and tactile indication as to whether the lock is engaged or not. When activated, the ILS renders the Glock unfireable as well as making it impossible to disassemble. When disengaged, the ILS adds no further safety mechanisms to the Glock pistol. The ILS is available as an option on most Glock pistols. Glock pistols cannot be retrofitted to accommodate the ILS. The lock must be factory built in Austria and shipped as a special order.

Feeding[link]

The Glock 17 feeds from staggered-column or double stack magazines that have a 17-round capacity (which can be extended to 19 with an optional floor plate) or optional 33-round high capacity magazines.^[43] For jurisdictions, which restrict magazine capacity to 10 rounds, Glock offers single stack 10-round magazines. The magazines are made of steel and are overmolded with plastic. A steel spring drives a plastic follower. After the last cartridge has been fired, the slide remains open on the slide stop. The slide stop release lever is located on the left side of the frame directly beneath the slide and can be manipulated by the thumb of the shooting hand.

Glock magazines are "one-way" interchangeable between models, meaning that a compact or subcompact pistol will accept magazines designed for the larger pistols chambered for the same round. However, magazines designed for compact and subcompact models will not function in larger pistols because they are not tall enough to reach the slide and magazine release. For example, the subcompact Glock 26 will accept magazines from both the full-size Glock 17 and the compact Glock 19, but the Glock 17 will not accept magazines from the smaller Glock 19 or the Glock 26. The exception to this is the Glock 36, which currently can not use any other magazine due to its single-stack 45ACP design.

Sights[link]

The Glock 17 has a fixed polymer combat-type sighting arrangement that consists of a ramped front sight and a notched rear sight with white contrast elements painted on for increased acquisition speed—a white dot on the front post and a rectangular border on the rear notch. The rear sight can be adjusted for windage as it has a degree of lateral movement in the dovetail it is mounted in. Three other factory rear sight configurations are available in addition to the standard 6.5 mm (0.26 in) height sight: a lower impact 6.1 mm (0.24 in) sight and two higher impact versions—6.9 mm (0.27 in) and 7.3 mm (0.29 in).^[44]

Accessories[link]

Glock 34 with a GTL 22 attachment featuring a dimmable xenon white light and a red laser

Polymer holster for Glock pistols

The Glock pistol accessories available from the factory include several devices for tactical illumination, such as a series of front rail mounted "Glock tactical lights" featuring a white tactical light and an optional visible laser sight. An alternate version of the tactical light utilizing an invisible infrared light and laser sight is available, designed to be used with an infrared night vision device. Another lighting accessory is an adapter to mount a flashlight onto the bottom of a magazine.

Polymer holsters in various configurations and matching magazine pouches are available. In addition, Glock produces optional triggers, recoil springs, slide stops, magazine release levers, and underwater spring cups.

Magazine floor plates (or "+2 baseplates"), which expand the capacity of the standard magazines by 2 rounds are available for models chambered for the 9×19mm Parabellum, .40 S&W, .357 SIG, and .380 ACP cartridges.

In addition to the standard non-adjustable polymer sight line, three alternative sight lines are offered by Glock. These consist of steel, adjustable and self-illuminating tritium night rear sights and factory steel and self-illuminating tritium contrast pointer steel front sights.

Variants[link]

Following the introduction of the Glock 17, numerous variants and versions have been offered. Variants that differ in caliber, frame, and slide length are identified by different model numbers with the exception of the discontinued Glock 17L. Other changes not dealing with frame and slide length are identified with suffixes, such as "C", which denotes compensated models.^[45][46] Minor options such as frame color, sights, and included accessories are identified by a separate model code on the box and do not appear anywhere on the firearm.

Glock pistols come in five form factors, all modeled after the original full-size Glock 17. "Standard" models are designed as full-size duty firearm with a large magazine capacity. "Compact" models are slightly smaller with reduced magazine capacity and lighter weight while maintaining a usable grip length. "Subcompact" models are designed for easier carry being lighter and shorter, and are intended to be used with two fingers on the grip below the trigger guard and do not feature an accessory rail like the larger post generation two Glock models. .45 ACP and 10mm models are slightly larger than smaller cartridge pistols and are available in the sub-compact models Glock 29 (10mm) and Glock 30 (.45ACP). Glock produces a single-stack "Slimline" .45 ACP pistol, the Glock 36. "Competition" versions have longer barrels and slides, adjustable sights, an extended slide and magazine release.

Beginning in 2007, Glock introduced several "Short Frame" models designated by the suffix "SF". The short frame was originally designed to compete in the now cancelled U.S. military Joint Combat Pistol trials for a new .45 ACP pistol to replace the M9 pistol. Glock's entry featured an optional ambidextrous magazine release and MIL-STD-1913 rail along with a reduction in the size of the backstrap. The Glock 21SF is currently available in three versions: one with a Picatinny rail and ambidextrous magazine release and two with a Universal Glock rail available with or without the ambidextrous magazine release. Current 10 mm and .45 ACP Glock magazines are manufactured with ambidextrous magazine release cutouts. As of January 2009, the Glock 20, 21, 29, and 30 were offered in slim-framed variations. These models incorporate a 2.5 mm (0.098 in) reduction in trigger reach, and full-sized models feature a 4 mm (0.16 in) reduction in heel depth. This reduction in heel depth corresponds to an overall reduction in length for those models.^[47][48][49]

9×19mm Parabellum[link]

Glock 17[link]

• The Glock 17 is the original 9×19mm Parabellum model, with a standard magazine capacity of 17 rounds. Several modified versions of the Glock 17 have been introduced.
  • The Glock 17C was introduced in 1996 and incorporated slots cut in the barrel and slide to compensate for muzzle rise and recoil. Many other Glock pistols now come with this option, all with a "C" suffix on the slide.
  • The Glock 17L was introduced in 1988 and incorporates a longer slide and extended barrel. Initially, the Glock 17L had three holes in the top of the barrel and a corresponding slot in the slide; however, later production pistols lack the holes in the barrel. The Glock 17L was discontinued with the advent of the Glock 34. Glock has started to make small batches of this weapon again.
  • The Glock 17MB is a version with ambidextrous magazine catch. This model, along with the other MB variants, was discontinued upon the introduction of the fourth-generation models, which features a reversible magazine catch.

The Glock 18, chambered in 9×19mm Parabellum, fitted with a detachable FAB-Defense GLR-17 Glock tactical shoulder stock being fired in fully automatic mode

Glock 18[link]

• The Glock 18 is a selective fire variant of the Glock 17, developed at the request of the Austrian counter-terrorist unit EKO Cobra. This machine pistol-class firearm has a lever-type fire-control selector switch, installed on the serrated portion of the rear left side of the slide. With the selector lever in the bottom position, the pistol will shoot fully automatic, and with the selector lever in the top position, the pistol will fire semi-automatically. The firearm is typically used with an extended 33-round capacity magazine, although other magazines from the Glock 17 will function, with available capacities of 10, 17, or 19 rounds. Early Glock 18 models were ported to reduce muzzle rise during automatic fire. Another compensated variant was produced, known as the Glock 18C. It has a keyhole opening cut into the forward portion of the slide, similar to the opening on the Glock long-slide models, although the Glock 18 has a standard-length slide. The keyhole opening provides an area to allow the four, progressively larger (from back to front) compensator cuts machined into the barrel to vent the propellant gases upwards, affording more control over the rapid-firing machine pistol. The compensator cuts start about halfway back on the top of the barrel. The two rear cuts are narrower than the two front cuts. The slide is hollowed, or dished-out, in a rectangular pattern between the rear of the ejection port and the rear sight. The rate of fire in fully automatic mode is approximately 1,100–1,200 rounds per minute. Most of the other characteristics are equivalent to the Glock 17, although the slide, frame, and certain fire-control parts of the Glock 18 are not interchangeable with other Glock models.^[50][51]

Glock 19[link]

The compact Glock 19 in 9×19mm Parabellum

• The Glock 19 is effectively a reduced-size Glock 17, called the "Compact" by the manufacturer. It was first produced in 1988, primarily for military and law enforcement. The Glock 19 has a barrel and pistol grip that are shorter by approximately 12 mm (0.5 in) compared to the Glock 17 and uses a magazine with a standard capacity of 15 rounds. The pistol is compatible with factory magazines from the Glock 17 and Glock 18, with available capacities of 10, 17, 19, and 33 rounds. To preserve the operational reliability of the short recoil system, the mass of the slide remains the same as in the Glock 17 from which it is derived. With the exception of the slide, frame, barrel, locking block, recoil spring, guide rod, and slide lock spring, all of the other components are interchangeable between the models 17 and 19.

Glock 26[link]

The subcompact Glock 26 with tritium night sights in 9×19mm Parabellum

• The Glock 26 is a 9×19mm "subcompact" variant designed for concealed carry and was introduced in 1995, mainly for the civilian market. It features a smaller frame compared to the Glock 19, with a pistol grip that supports only two fingers, a shorter barrel and slide, and a double-stack magazine with a standard capacity of 10 rounds. A factory magazine with a +2 baseplate gives a capacity of 12 rounds. In addition, factory magazines from the Glock 17, Glock 18, and Glock 19, with capacities of 15, 17, 19, and 33 rounds, will function in the Glock 26. More than simply a "shortened" Glock 19, design of the subcompact Glock 26 required extensive rework of the frame, locking block, and spring assembly that features a dual recoil spring.

Glock 34[link]

• The Glock 34 is a competition version of the Glock 17. It is similar to its predecessor, the now-discontinued Glock 17L, but with a slightly shorter slide and barrel. It was developed and produced in 1998, and compared to the Glock 17, features a 21 mm (0.8 in) longer barrel and slide. It has an extended magazine release, extended slide stop lever, 20 N (4.5 lb_f) trigger pull, and an adjustable rear sight. The top of the slide is milled out, creating a hole designed to reduce front-end muzzle weight to better balance the pistol.^[52]

10mm Auto[link]

The subcompact Glock 29 in 10mm Auto

Glock 20[link]

• The Glock 20, introduced in 1991, was developed for the then-growing law enforcement and security forces market for the 10mm Auto. The pistol will handle both full-power as well as reduced "FBI" loads that have reduced muzzle velocity. Due to the longer cartridge and higher pressures, the pistol is slightly larger than the Glock 17, having an approximately 2.5 mm (0.1 in) greater width and 7 mm (0.3 in) greater length. Though many small parts interchange with the Glock 17, with a close to 50% parts commonality, the major assemblies are scaled-up and do not interchange. The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 20 is 15 rounds. In 2009, Glock announced they would offer a 152 mm (6.0 in) barrel as a drop-in option.^[53]

Glock 29[link]

• The Glock 29 is a 10mm Auto equivalent of the subcompact Glock 26 introduced in 1997 along with the Glock 30. The pistol features a 96 mm (3.8 in) barrel and a standard magazine capacity of 10 rounds. Like other subcompact Glock pistols, the Glock 29 will function with the factory magazines from its related full-size model, giving an optional capacity of 15 rounds.

.45 ACP[link]

The slim-frame Glock 36 in .45 ACP

The barrels of all .45 ACP Glock pistols feature octagonal polygonal rifling rather than the hexagonal shaped bores used for models in different chamberings.^[54] Octagonal rifling provides a better gas seal in relatively large diameter rifled bores, since an octagon resembles a circle more closely than a hexagon does.^[38]

Glock 21[link]

• The Glock 21 is a .45 ACP version of the Glock 20 designed primarily for the American market.^[55] Compared to the Glock 20 chambered in 10mm Auto, the slide of the Glock 21 is lighter to compensate for the lower-energy .45 ACP cartridge. The standard Glock 21 magazine is of the single-position-feed, staggered-column type with a capacity of 13 rounds.

Glock 30[link]

• The Glock 30 is a .45 ACP version of the subcompact Glock 29, with a standard magazine capacity of 10 rounds. The factory magazine from the Glock 21, with a capacity of 13 rounds, will function in the Glock 30.

Glock 36[link]

• The Glock 36 is a "slimline" version of the subcompact Glock 30 that features an ultra-compact frame and is chambered for the .45 ACP cartridge. The barrel, slide, and magazine are unique to the model. The Glock 36 is the first Glock pistol to be manufactured with a single-stack magazine,^[56] having a standard capacity of 6 rounds. Unlike other subcompact Glock pistols, the Glock 36 cannot use factory magazines from its larger relatives due to its single-stack magazine design.

.40 S&W[link]

Glock 22 OD in .40 S&W with olive drab frame

The competition-oriented Glock 35 in .40 S&W

Glock 22[link]

• The Glock 22 is a .40 S&W version of the full-size Glock 17 introduced in 1990. The pistol uses a modified slide, frame, and barrel to account for the differences in size and power of the .40 S&W cartridge. The standard magazine capacity is 15 rounds.

Glock 23[link]

• The Glock 23 is a .40 S&W version of the compact Glock 19. It is dimensionally identical to the Glock 19 but is slightly heavier and uses a modified slide, frame, .40 S&W barrel and a standard magazine capacity of 13 rounds. The factory 15-round magazine from the larger Glock 22 will function in the Glock 23.

Glock 24[link]

• The Glock 24 is a .40 S&W competition variant of the full-size Glock 22 similar in concept to the target Glock 17L model. Additionally, a compensated ported-barrel version designated the 24C was also produced. The Glock 24 was introduced in 1994 and officially dropped from the company's regular product lineup upon the release of the Glock 34 and 35.^[57] However, Glock continues to make small batch runs of the Glock 24 and 24C (as well as the similarly sized Glock 17L) at irregular intervals to satisfy consumer demand built-up for factory-new units, as shown by the release into the marketplace of new production of these models during the spring of 2010 and summer of 2011.^{[citation needed]}

Glock 27[link]

• The Glock 27 is a .40 S&W version of the subcompact Glock 26, with a standard magazine capacity of 9 rounds. The factory magazines from the larger Glock 22 and 23 will function in the Glock 27, increasing capacity to 13 or 15 rounds. Spacers are available that fit on these larger-capacity magazines themselves; they have the effect of "extending" the magazine well of the pistol, thereby improving the ergonomic feel of the pistol when the longer magazines are inserted.

Glock 35[link]

• The Glock 35 is a .40 S&W version of the competition Glock 34.

As is typical of pistols chambered in .40 S&W, each of the standard Glock models (22, 23, and 27) may be easily converted to the corresponding .357 SIG chambering (Glock 31, 32, and 33 respectively) simply by replacing the barrel. No other parts need to be replaced, as the .40 S&W magazines will feed the .357 SIG round. (This configuration may be illegal in some states)^{[citation needed]}

.380 ACP[link]

The .380 ACP models are primarily intended for markets which prohibit civilian ownership of firearms chambered in so-called "military calibers" such as 9×19mm Parabellum. They are not offered in the United States, as certain characteristics of the gun make it unable to pass U.S. import restrictions.^[58]

Due to the relatively low bolt thrust of the .380 ACP cartridge, these models feature an unlocked breech and operates via straight blowback of the slide. This method of operation required modification of the locking surfaces on the barrel as well as a redesign of the former locking block.

Glock 25[link]

• The Glock 25, introduced in 1995, is a derivative of the Glock 19 which has been adapted to use the .380 ACP cartridge. The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 25 is 15 rounds.

Glock 28[link]

• The Glock 28 is a subcompact version of the blowback-operated Glock 25, with a standard magazine capacity of 10 rounds. The factory magazine from the Glock 25, with a capacity of 15 rounds, will function in the Glock 28.

.357 SIG[link]

The subcompact Glock 33 in .357 SIG

Glock 31[link]

• The Glock 31 is a .357 SIG variant of the full-sized Glock 22. The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 31 is 15 rounds.

Glock 32[link]

• The Glock 32 is a .357 SIG variant of the compact Glock 23. The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 32 is 13 rounds.

Glock 33[link]

• The Glock 33 is a .357 SIG variant of the subcompact Glock 27. The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 33 is 9 rounds.

.45 GAP[link]

Glock 37[link]

• The Glock 37 is a .45 GAP version of the Glock 17. It uses a wider, beveled slide, larger barrel, and different magazine, but is otherwise similar to the Glock 17. The Glock 37 first appeared in 2003. It was designed to offer ballistic performance comparable with the .45 ACP in the frame size of the Glock 17. The concern with the size of the Glock 20/21 has been addressed by the Glock 36, 21SF, and 30SF all of which featured reduced-size frames. The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 37 is 10 rounds.

Glock 38[link]

• The Glock 38 is a .45 GAP version of the compact Glock 19.^[59] The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 38 is 8 rounds.

Glock 39[link]

• The Glock 39 is a .45 GAP version of the subcompact Glock 26. The standard magazine capacity of the Glock 39 is 6 rounds.

Regional variants[link]

Glock Mariner & Glock Tactical[link]

• The Glock Mariner and Glock Tactical are versions of various Glock pistols sold in the Philippines with an adjustable rear sight, extended slide stop, maritime spring cups and an engraved slide with the words MARINER or TACTICAL.^[62]

Glock 17A[link]

• The Glock 17A is a variant produced with a 120 mm (4.7 in) extended barrel that protrudes from the slide visibly. It is intended for the Australian market to conform to local laws regarding barrel length created after the Monash University shooting and are supplied with 10-round magazines.^[63][64]

Glock 17S[link]

• The Glock 17S is a variant with an external, frame-mounted, manual safety. Small numbers of this variant were made for the Tasmanian, Israeli, Pakistani and perhaps several South American security forces.^[65] They are stamped "17", not "17S". They resemble, but are distinguishable from, standard Glock 17 pistols that have been fitted with the after-market Cominolli safety.^[66]

Glock 17Pro[link]

• The Glock 17Pro is a version produced exclusively for the Finnish market.^[62] It has the following alterations from the standard Glock 17: factory tritium night sights, an extended, threaded barrel, marine spring cups, modified magazine release, extended slide release (factory standard in newer models), extended +2 magazine baseplates, 15.5 N (3.5 lb_f) connector, and factory Glock pouch.^[62]

Glock 17DK[link]

• The Glock 17DK is a version for Denmark, where handguns must, by law, be at least 210 mm (8.3 in) long. The Glock 17DK has a 122.5 mm (4.8 in) barrel, making the pistol 210 mm (8.3 in) long overall.

Glock 25SDN[link]

• The Glock 25 SDN (SDN—Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional or "Secretary of National Defense") is a version of the Glock 25 used by Mexican law enforcement with S. D. N. MEXICO DF engraved on the slide.^[62]

Training variants[link]

Glock 17T[link]

• The Glock 17T is a training pistol that fires paint or rubber bullets. There are two versions and they are both easily recognizable from their bright blue frames: the Glock 17T 9 mm FX, which fires Simunition FX cartridges and the Glock 17T 7.8×21 AC, which fires cartridges with paint and rubber bullets powered by replaceable pressurized air cartridges.

Glock 17P[link]

• The Glock 17P and Glock 17R are both training dummies for practicing hand-to-hand combat, loading and unloading of the pistol. The Glock 17P / Glock 17R is identical to a standard Glock 17 except for its red frame, and no firing pin hole in the breech face (preventing someone from using a live barrel with the training slide). Difference between models is that to perform a 'reset' of the trigger, a racking of the slide has to be performed on the 17P but not on the 17R.

Users[link]

Country	Organization	Model
Australia	New South Wales Department of Corrective Services,[67] New South Wales Police,[68][69] Queensland Police,[69] Western Australia Police,[69] and Northern Territory Police[69]	Glock 22, Glock 23, Glock 27
	Glock 17 outfitted with a thumb safety was designed specifically for the Tasmania Police[70] and by the Australian Customs and Border Protection Service[71]	Glock 17
Austria	Austrian Armed Forces[72][73][74]	Glock 17 (designated Pistole 80), Glock 26 (designated Pistole 26)
	Austrian Federal Police[75]	Glock 17, Glock 19
Bangladesh	Numerous law enforcement agencies and Bangladesh Army[76]	Glock 17, Glock 22, Glock 23
Belgium	Federal and local police forces[77]	Glock 17, Glock 19, Glock 26
Brazil	Department of Federal Police (DPF)[78]	Glock 17, Glock 19, Glock 26
Canada	Numerous local law enforcement agencies including those of Calgary, Edmonton, Ottawa, Saskatoon, South Coast British Columbia Transportation Authority Police Service, and Toronto[73]	–
Czech Republic	Non-standard sidearm issued to personnel on international deployments[79]	Glock 17
	601. Special Force Group[80]	Glock 17
Denmark	Slædepatruljen Sirius special forces[81]	Glock 20
Ecuador	National Police[73]	Glock 17
	Various special police units such as the GOE and GIR[73]	–
Fiji	Tactical Response Unit[82]	–
Finland	Primary service firearm of the police[83]	–
	Defence Forces[84]	Glock 17 (designated 9.00 PIST 2008)
	Department of Corrections (Vankeinhoitolaitos)[84]	–
	Border Guard[84]	–
France	Certain naval and parachute units of the French Army[74][85]	Glock 17
Georgia	Special forces[73][74]	Glock 17
Germany	GSG 9 of the German Federal Police[73]	Glock 17
Greece	EKAM[86]	Glock 21
Greenland	Siriuspatruljen[87]	Glock 20
Hong Kong	Hong Kong Police Force[73] ((used by Airport Security Unit, Counter Terrorism Response Unit, Special Duties Unit and other units) and Independent Commission Against Corruption(Witness Protection and Firearms Section)	Glock 17, 19
Iceland	Icelandic National Police[88][89][90]	–
	Víkingasveitin[88][89][90]	–
	ICRU[88][89][90]
India	National Security Guards[73][91]	Glock 17, Glock 26
	Maharashtra Force One[92][93]	Glock 17, Glock 19
	Special Protection Group (replaced with FN Five-seven in 2008)[94]	Glock 17
Iraq	Iraqi security forces (largest user, purchased 125,163 pistols)[95][96]	Glock 19
Israel	Israeli Defense Forces[74]	Glock 17, Glock 19
Jordan	Royal Guard[73]	–
Republic of Korea	Republic of Korea Naval Special Warfare Brigade[97]	Glock 17
Kosovo	Kosovo Security Force[98][99]	Glock 17
Latvia	Latvian Military[74][100]	Glock 17
Libya	Libyan Armed Forces[citation needed]	Glock 17
Lithuania	Lithuanian Armed Forces[74][101]	Glock 17
	Lithuanian police[102]	Glock 17, Glock 19, Glock 26
Luxembourg	Luxembourg Army[103]	Glock 17
	Unité Spéciale de la Police of the Grand Ducal Police[104][105]	Glock 17, Glock 26
Malaysia	Malaysian Armed Forces[106]	Glock 17, Glock 19, Glock 34
	Royal Malaysia Police[106]	–
	Royal Malaysian Custom[107]	–
	Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency[108]	Glock 19
Mexico	Secretaria de Marina[73]	–
Montenegro	Military of Montenegro[109]	Glock 17
Netherlands	Military of the Netherlands[74][110][111] The Royal Marechaussee Brigade Speciale Beveiligingsopdrachten (Special Protection Assignments Brigade) persoonsbeveiliging (PB), observatie team (OT) and sky marshals sections also use the Glock 26[112]	Glock 17, Glock 26
	Dutch police (about 250 Glock 17 pistols in use as a stopgap measure by the Arrestatieteam (Dutch SWAT)[113][114][115]	Glock 17
New Zealand	New Zealand Police[116]	Glock 17
Norway	Norwegian Armed Forces[73][74]	Glock 17 (designated P-80)
Pakistan	Special Service Group of the Pakistan Army[117]	-
Philippines	Philippine National Police[73]	–
	National Bureau of Investigation[73]	–
	National Intelligence Coordinating Agency[73]	–
	Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency[73]	–
Poland	Polish Armed Forces[74]	Glock 17
	Polish Police[118]	Glock 17, Glock 19, Glock 26
Portugal	Portuguese Marine Corps[74][119]	Glock 17
	Republican National Guard[119]	Glock 19
	Public Security Police[119]	Glock 19
Romania	Romanian Armed Forces[74]	Glock 17
Russia	Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD) special forces,[120][121]	Glock 17, Glock 19
Singapore	Singapore Prison Service[citation needed]	Glock 19
	Special Task Squadron (STS) of the Police Coast Guard[122]	Glock 19
Slovakia	5th Special Forces Regiment[123]	Glock 17
Spain	Guardia Civil's UEI[124]	Glock 17
Sweden	Swedish Armed Forces[74][125][126]	Glock 17 (designated Pistol 88), Glock 19 (designated Pistol 88B)
Switzerland	Military of Switzerland, Kommando Spezialkräfte (KSK) special forces (Swiss Grenadiers ARD 10, FSK-17)[127]	Glock 17 Gen4, Glock 26 Gen4
	Police (Gendarmerie) Cantonal of Geneva[128]	Glock 19
Thailand	National police (2,238 pistols)[73]	Glock 19
United Kingdom	Specialist Firearms Command of the London Metropolitan Police Service[129]	Glock 17, Glock 26[130][131]
	Scottish Police Specialist Firearms Units[132]	Glock 17
	Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI)[133]	Glock 17
United States	Department of Treasury IRS Criminal Investigation Division[134]	–
	U.S. Marshals Service[135]	Glock 22, Glock 23
	Drug Enforcement Administration[136]	–
	Federal Bureau of Investigation[137]	Glock 22, Glock 23
	New York City Police Department[138]	Glock 19
	Baltimore City Police Department[139]	Glock 22
	Virginia Beach Police Department[140]	Glock 17
	Chicago Police Department[141]	Glock 17, 19 (new recruits)
	Florida Highway Patrol[142]	Glock 37
	DC Metro Police[143]	Glock 17, Glock 19, Glock 26
	United States Air Force[144]	Glock 19
	Kansas Highway Patrol[citation needed]	Glock 21
	Pennsylvania State Police[145]	Glock 37
Venezuela	Venezuelan Armed Forces[73][74]	Glock 17
Yemen	Military of Yemen[146]	Glock 19

See also[link]

• Glock-VBR 7.92 pistol

Notes[link]