- published: 26 Oct 2010
- views: 57776
The cosmic distance ladder (also known as the extragalactic distance scale) is the succession of methods by which astronomers determine the distances to celestial objects. A real direct distance measurement of an astronomical object is possible only for those objects that are "close enough" (within about a thousand parsecs) to Earth. The techniques for determining distances to more distant objects are all based on various measured correlations between methods that work at close distances and methods that work at larger distances. Several methods rely on a standard candle, which is an astronomical object that has a known luminosity.
Distance is a numerical description of how far apart objects are. In physics or everyday usage, distance may refer to a physical length, or an estimation based on other criteria (e.g. "two counties over"). In mathematics, a distance function or metric is a generalization of the concept of physical distance. A metric is a function that behaves according to a specific set of rules, and is a concrete way of describing what it means for elements of some space to be "close to" or "far away from" each other. In most cases, "distance from A to B" is interchangeable with "distance between B and A".
A physical distance can be mean several different things:
Astronomy, a natural science, is the study of celestial objects (such as stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets and nebulae) and processes (such as supernovae explosions, gamma ray bursts, and cosmic microwave background radiation), the physics, chemistry, and evolution of such objects and processes, and more generally all phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of Earth. A related but distinct subject, physical cosmology, is concerned with studying the Universe as a whole.
Astronomy is one of the oldest sciences. The early civilizations in recorded history, such as the Babylonians, Greeks, Indians, Egyptians, Nubians, Iranians, Chinese, and Maya performed methodical observations of the night sky. However, the invention of the telescope was required before astronomy was able to develop into a modern science. Historically, astronomy has included disciplines as diverse as astrometry, celestial navigation, observational astronomy and the making of calendars, but professional astronomy is nowadays often considered to be synonymous with astrophysics.
AMS Einstein Public Lecture in Mathematics: Terence Tao is UCLA's Collins Professor of Mathematics, and the first UCLA professor to win the prestigious Fields Medal. Less than a month after winning the Fields Medal, Tao was named a MacArthur Fellow. The following month, Tao was named one of "The Brilliant 10" scientists by Popular Science magazine, which called him "Math's Great Uniter" and said that "to Tao, the traditional boundaries between different mathematical fields don't seem to exist." Tao's AMS Einstein Public Lecture in Mathematics is titled "The Cosmic Distance Ladder." The American Mathematical Society (AMS) sponsors a series of public lectures in mathematics entitled The AMS Einstein Public Lecture in Mathematics. The lectures began in 2005, to celebrate the one hundredth ...
Introducing a video series which explains the methods that astronomers use to measure the distances to stars and galaxies. No single method can measure all distance ranges that we're interested in, so we need a successive set of methods known as the cosmic distance ladder. Let us know what you think of these videos by filling out our short survey at http://tinyurl.com/astronomy-pulsar. Thank you!
An introduction to the class of variable stars known as Cepheid variables and their use as standard candles for measuring cosmic distances. Covers Henrietta Leavitt's discovery of the relationship between period and luminosity and an example of how this was used to measure the distance to the Andromeda galaxy which proved the existence of other galaxies. Here are the links to Henrietta Leavitt's key papers on Cepheid variables: http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1908AnHar..60...87L http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1912HarCi.173....1L And a recent paper on V1 in the Andromeda galaxy including graphs of the light curves http://arxiv.org/abs/1111.0262 Just click on the pdf link to see the documents Let us know what you think of these videos by filling out our short survey at http://tinyurl.com/a...
How do we determine distances between the earth, sun, and moon, and from the sun to other planets, stars, and distant galaxies? We can't measure these directly, but indirect methods, combined with some basic high school math, can provide convincing and accurate results. Climb a "cosmic distance ladder" with UCLA Professor of Mathematics and 2006 Fields Medalist Terry Tao, as he shows us how measurements of nearby distances can be used to estimate distances that are out of this world. Terry will be introduced by Michael Sipser, Barton L. Weller Professor of Mathematics and Head of the Mathematics Department at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Math Encounters is a public presentation series celebrating the spectacular world of mathematics and presented by the Simons Foundation and th...
Video helps students work through the Student Guide that is part of the Module 11 (Cosmic Distance Ladder) lab activity
SOUND OF CONTACT - Cosmic Distance Ladder (OFFICIAL LIVE VIDEO). Taken from the album "Dimensionaut". InsideOut Music 2013. Buy now: http://smarturl.it/soc_iomshop (InsideOut Shop) http://smarturl.it/dimensionaut_itunes (iTunes) P&C; Lightyears Music Ltd under exclusive worldwide license to Inside Out Music
Introduces the concept of parallax and how our eyes see depth perception. We then explain how this can be applied to astronomy to measure the distances to nearby stars. The first step in the cosmic distance ladder. Let us know what you think of these videos by filling out our short survey at http://tinyurl.com/astronomy-pulsar. Thank you!
Continuing the discussion on how parallax measurements can be used to find the distances to nearby stars. However, even with new technology this method is limited to measuring distances only in our solar neighbourhood. Let us know what you think of these videos by filling out our short survey at http://tinyurl.com/astronomy-pulsar. Thank you!
Continuing with the cosmic distance ladder, using the method of spectroscopic parallax or main sequence fitting to measure the distance to clusters of stars. Introduces the Hertzsprung Russell diagram (H-R diagram) and how we can relate the colour of a star to its luminosity and use that to determine its distance. Let us know what you think of these videos by filling out our short survey at http://tinyurl.com/astronomy-pulsar. Thank you!
Introduces the basic mechanisms behind supernovae and how type Ia supernovae can be used as a standard candle to measure the distances to extremely far off galaxies Let us know what you think of these videos by filling out our short survey at http://tinyurl.com/astronomy-pulsar. Thank you!
Download "Distance" on iTunes - http://smarturl.it/distance Video directed by Elliott Sellers - http://www.elliottsellers.com/ North American tour with Jason Mraz this summer! http://christinaperri.com/tour http://facebook.com/christinaperrimusic http://twitter.com/christinaperri
► Watch the NEXT episode of Distance Lab: http://win.gs/DistanceLabE2 Bridging the gap between action sports and golf, a new three-part web series called “Distance Lab” in collaboration with Callaway features renowned golf instructor Hank Haney teaching action sports stars Corey Bohan (BMX), Steel Lafferty (wakeboarding) and Alex Midler (skateboarding) how to hit a golf ball further than they ever imagined. In this first episode, Hank Haney meets these elite athletes and observes them hitting drives to get a sense of their game. After seeing one of the guy’s swings, Haney says, “we can always send out a search party.” See more of the series at: http://redbull.com/distancelab Music: 1:00 "On The Walk" by Rangadang (Sounds of Red Bull): https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLHT0PZMhB...
► Watch the NEXT episode of Distance Lab: http://win.gs/DistanceLabE3 Bridging the gap between action sports and golf, a new three-part web series called “Distance Lab” in collaboration with Callaway features renowned golf instructor Hank Haney teaching action sports stars Corey Bohan (BMX), Steel Lafferty (wakeboarding) and Alex Midler (skateboarding) how to hit a golf ball further than they ever imagined. In this second episode, the athletes visit Callaway’s Distance Lab where Hank Haney and his team get baseline readings of everyone’s swings, gather data to help increase distance and the athletes add speed and forgiveness with the XR 16 Driver. See more of the series at: http://redbull.com/distancelab Music: 1:00 “Pulse" by Wide Sky (Sounds of Red Bull): https://youtu.be/QL3W63JmY...
see us on tour across north america!!! http://christinaperri.com/tour download "distance" feat. jason mraz - http://smarturl.it/distance http://www.christinaperri.com/ http://facebook.com/christinaperrimusic http://twitter.com/christinaperri video by jeff coffman
Bonus Video! I know I have posted A LOT this week but this was too sweet not to share! Chase and I have been dating for over 9 months and 3 of those have been long distance but we do our best to make it work. We talk, text and facetime everyday! Thanks so much for 125K and over 4 million views! Don't forget to subscribe :)
Get it here if you guys like it! https://itunes.apple.com/album/distance-single/id810232095 Follow Us Twitter: Twitter.com/jackjackjohnson Twitter.com/JackGilinsky Instagram: Instagram.com/JaackJohnson Instagram.com/Gilinsky Produced and Co-Wrote by Barrington Park: BarringtonParkMusic@gmail.com Mixed by Matt Landro
Welcome to the first episode of Crash Course Astronomy. Your host for this intergalactic adventure is the Bad Astronomer himself, Phil Plait. We begin with answering a question: "What is astronomy?" -- Table of Contents: What is Astronomy? 3:00 Who Studies Astronomy? 3:50 Origins & Developments 6:52 -- PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios Follow Phil on Twitter: https://twitter.com/badastronomer Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Twitter - http://www.twitter.com/TheCrashCourse Tumblr - http://thecrashcourse.tumblr.com Support CrashCourse on Subbable: http://subbable.com/crashcourse -- Photos: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Earth_cutaway.png http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth%27s_m...
" WHAT COUNTRY IS THIS?? " Basically a stand up comedy! At the University of Washington 5/12/2011 Video is for Educational purposes and posted under terms of Fair Use.
On September 14th, 2015, a ripple in the fabric of space, created by the violent collision of two distant black holes over a billion years ago, washed across the Earth. As it did, two laser-based detectors, 50 years in the making – one in Louisiana and the other in Washington State – momentarily twitched, confirming a century-old prediction by Albert Einstein and marking the opening of a new era in astronomy. Join some of the very scientists responsible for this most anticipated discovery of our age and see how gravitational waves will be used to explore the universe like never before. This program will feature exclusive footage from director Les Guthman’s upcoming documentary chronicling the drama of the gravitational waves discovery. Subscribe to our YouTube Channel for all the latest ...
Live video of Earth from the International Space Station ISS LIVE VIDEO FEED - No image? The ISS is on the night side of earth. During this time recorded footage will be played until the space station re-enters daylight. 2nd LIVE STREAM VIEW HERE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rBQG-XbBFDo Subscribe for more videos here: http://www.youtube.com/user/ouramazingspace?sub_confirmation=1 Live Feed From the NASA HDEV cameras aboard the ISS. Watch the earth roll by courtesy of the NASA Live cameras International Space Station Live Feed: The ISS passes into the dark side of the earth for roughly half of each of its 90 minute orbits. During this time no video is available. We would recommend that you check out some recorded footage while you wait - click the link above. The video comes from...
Song: Metallica - Astronomy (Original by Blue Öyster Cult) Album: Garage Inc (1998) A great song proformed by Metallica. Never been played live before, but should be. As Requested, here are the Lyrics... Clock strikes twelve and moondrops burst Out at you from their hiding place Like acid and oil on a madman's face His reason tends to fly away Like lesser birds on the four winds Like silver scrapes in May And now the sand's become a crust Most of you have gone away Come Susie dear, let's take a walk Just out there upon the beach I know you'll soon be married And you'll want to know where winds come from Well it's never said at all On the map that Carrie reads Behind the clock back there you know At the Four Winds Bar Hey! Hey! Hey! Hey! Fou...
Website: http://goo.gl/TeWHRS Like me on Facebook: http://on.fb.me/YkOACU Follow me on twitter: http://goo.gl/X7abM This documentary was made, produced and is completely owned by Discovery Channel. I do not own anything in this video. This video is only for educational purposes and I am not claiming this video as my own in any way.
This HD dramatic video choreographed to powerful music introduces the viewer/student to the wonders of Astronomy. It is designed as a "trailer" to be shown in classrooms by Earth Science and Astronomy teachers in High School and college as a visual "Introduction" to the magic of the cosmos. Please rate this video and feel free to comment. If you like it, please help me spread the word by posting links on your media websites. The more students who can enjoy these dramatic videos, the better! To view all of my videos in Biology, Earth Science, and Astronomy, subscribe to my channel at: http://www.youtube.com/user/sfgregs?feature=mhum. I will be releasing new videos periodically. You can download all of my videos for free from Vimeo, my other video site. The link is available in the "A...
What is the biggest star in the Universe ✶ Astronomy Space Documentary 2016 Look up at the night sky and it is filled with stars. But only a microscopic fraction are visible to the naked eye. In fact, there are estimated to be 100 billion stars in 10,000 billion galaxies in the visible universe. This means that there are roughly 1024 stars out there. These spectacular powerhouses come in an array of different colours and sizes – and many make our own Sun look like a mere pipsqueak. But which is the true giant of the heavens? Well, we have to start by defining what we mean by giant? Is it the one with the largest radius, for example, or the greatest mass? ➤ Subcribe now: https://goo.gl/ECRZqM Thanks for watching!
Blue Oyster Cult's Astronomy from the album Secret Treaties