Legal System

Friday, 08 February 2013

Legal System

Aaron Swartz Tip of Iceberg in Justice System Rife w/Intimidation & Prosecutorial Overreach?

Demand Progress petition at bit.ly The suicide of internet prodigy and information freedom...

published: 20 Jan 2013

author: LiberalViewer

Unjustified: The Unchecked Power of America's Justice System

Sign the Petition: chn.ge Facebook: on.fb.me Twitter: twitter.com *** Support meaningful c...

published: 19 Sep 2012

author: UNJUSTIFIEDUSA

Law & Order: UK - Lessons in British Justice

Before LAW & ORDER: UK returns with *** an all new season Wednesdays 9/8c starting August ...

published: 11 Jan 2011

author: BBCAmericaTV

Judge Rules White Girl Will Be Tried As Black Adult

The court ruled a white teen who stabbed a classmate to death will face the jury as a 300-...

published: 24 Jan 2011

author: TheOnion

Canabis Debate. Should the UK have a legal system of Cannabis sales?

This house proposes a legalised system for the distribution of cannabis. Peter Reynolds fr...

published: 20 Nov 2011

author: D. Das

Texas teen pees in court trash can during trial video unedited

Signs your trial is not going well: When the judge says to you, "I don't know how you were...

published: 03 Sep 2011

author: iwatchucam

Michelle Alexander: Drug War Racism

Litigator-turned-legal-scholar Michelle Alexander, author of The New Jim Crow, argues that...

published: 19 Feb 2010

author: Joe Friendly

(1/5) lawyer Graham Berry talks about how Scientology abuses the US legal system

SUBSCRIBE FOR MORE VIDEO'S FROM THIS EVENT! Digg: digg.com Graham Berry speaks at a confer...

published: 07 Sep 2008

author: AboutScientology

Mark McMurtrie Original sovereignty british abmiralty legal scam

Mark McMurtrie who can be contacted at mark_mcmurtrie@yahoo.com.au explains in very simple...

published: 19 Sep 2009

author: mashj50

Jicho Pevu - Paruwanja La Mihadarati Part 2 - YouTube.flv

Corruption in the Kenyan legal system has led to a terrible upward spiral of drug traffick...

published: 12 Nov 2011

author: Walter Kwena

Drejtesia ne 1 minute / Justice in One Minute /

The EULEX Press and Public Information Office, in association with EULEX Justice Component...

published: 29 Feb 2012

author: EULEX Kosovo

China Focus - Is Reform Possible for China's Labor Camps?

There's been a flurry of discussion about just what's going to happen to China's notorious...

published: 10 Jan 2013

author: NTDonChina

David Eagleman - The Brain and The Law

Dr David Eagleman considers some emerging questions relating to law and neuroscience, chal...

published: 08 Mar 2010

author: theRSAorg

Randy Kelton Returns: How to Take Back What They Took From You - Alex Jones Tv 1/6

Alex welcomes back to the show Randy Kelton. Kelton hosts the Rule Of Law Radio program an...

published: 21 Oct 2010

author: TheAlexJonesChannel

Youtube results:

Family - Fathers' Rights - 1/3

Explores the lack of legal rights for fathers in the UK and the negative treatment of fath...

published: 31 Mar 2010

author: manwomanmyth

Apollo Justice: Ace Attorney [Case 4] (Part 1)

The new legal system?...

published: 23 Feb 2008

author: ZSlyzer

The Stream - Justice denied for Native American women

One in three Native American women have been sexually assaulted. Why is the legal system f...

published: 18 Sep 2012

author: AlJazeeraEnglish

Michelle Alexander on "The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness"

A new book by legal scholar and civil rights advocate Michelle Alexander argues that altho...

published: 11 Mar 2010

author: mediagrrl9

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Country	Description
Albania	The Civil Code of the Republic of Albania, 1991 [1]
Angola	Based on Portuguese civil law
Argentina	The Spanish legal tradition had a great influence on the Civil Code of Argentina, basically a work of the Argentine jurist Dalmacio Vélez Sársfield, who dedicated five years of his life on this task. The Civil Code came into effect on 1 January 1871. Beyond the influence of the Spanish legal tradition, the Argentinian Civil Code was also inspired by the Draft of the Brazilian Civil Code, the Draft of the Spanish Civil Code of 1851, the Napoleonic code and the Chilean Civil Code. The sources of this Civil Code also include various theoretical legal works, mainly of the great French jurists of the 19th century. It was the first Civil Law that consciously adopted as its cornerstone the distinction between i. rights from obligations and ii. real property rights, thus distancing itself from the French model. The Argentinian Civil Code was also in effect in Paraguay, as per a Paraguayan law of 1880, until the new Civil Code went in force in 1987. During the second half of the 20th century, the German legal theory became increasingly influential in Argentina.
Andorra	Courts apply the customary laws of Andorra, supplemented with Roman law and customary Catalan law.^[3]
Armenia	Based on German, French, Russian and traditional Armenian law
Aruba	Based on Dutch civil law
Austria	The Allgemeines bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (ABGB) of 1811
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Belgium	The Napoleonic Code is still in use, although it is heavily modified (especially concerning family law)
Benin
Bolivia	Influenced by the Napoleonic Code
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Influenced by Austrian law. The Swiss civil law (Zivilgesetzbuch) was a model for the Law on Obligations of 1978.
Brazil	Based on Portuguese civil law
Bulgaria	Civil Law system influenced by Germanic and Roman law systems
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Chad
People's Republic of China	civil law system; based on native customs and practices with Soviet and German influence
Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo	Based on Belgian civil law
Cote d'Ivoire
Cambodia
Cape Verde	Based on Portuguese civil law
Central African Republic
Chile	The Spanish legal tradition exercised an especially great influence on the civil code of Chile. On its turn, the Chilean civil code influenced to a large degree the drafting of the civil codes of other Latin-American states. For instance, the codes of Ecuador (1861) and Colombia (1873) constituted faithful reproductions of the Chilean code, but for very few exceptions. The compiler of the Civil Code of Chile, Venezuelan Andrés Bello, worked for its completion for almost 30 years, using elements, of the Spanish law on the one hand, and of other Western laws, especially of the French one, on the other. Indeed, it is noted that he consulted and used all of the codes that had been issued till then, starting from the era of Justinian. The Civil Code came into effect on 1 January 1857. Its technique is regarded as perfect; it is distinguished for the clarity, logic and cohesiveness of its provisions. As mentioned by Arminjon, Nolde, and Wolff ('Traite de droit comparé', Paris, 1950–1952) Andrés Bello may be regarded as one of the great legislators of mankind. The influence of the Napoleonic code is great; it is observed however that e.g. in many provisions of property law, the solutions of the French code civil were put aside in favor of pure Roman law.
Colombia	Civil code introduced in 1873. Nearly faithful reproduction of the Chilean civil code
Costa Rica	First Civil Code (a part of the General Code or Carrillo Code) came into effect in 1841; its text was inspired by the South Peruvian Civil Code of Marshal Andres de Santa Cruz. The present Civil Code is into effect since 1 January 1888, and reveals the influenced by the Napoleonic Code and the Spanish Civil Code of 1889 (from its 1851 draft version).
Croatia	Influenced by Austrian and Hungarian law. The Law on Obligations of 2005.
Cuba	Influenced by Spanish and American law with large elements of Communist legal theory.
Cyprus	Mixed system combining Common Law (inherited from British colonisation) and Civil Law.
Czech Republic	Descended from the Civil Code of the Austrian Empire (1811), influenced by German (1939–45) and Soviet (1947/68-89) legal codes during occupation periods, substantially reformed to remove Soviet influence and elements of socialist law after the Velvet Revolution (1989).
Denmark	Scandinavian-German civil law
Dominican Republic	Based by the Napoleonic Code
Ecuador	Civil code introduced in 1861. Nearly faithful reproduction of the Chilean civil code
El Salvador
Estonia	Largely influenced by German civil law.
Finland	civil law system based on Swedish law^[4]
France	Based on the Napoleonic code (code civil of 1804)
Egypt
Equatorial Guinea
Ethiopia
Gabon
Guinea	based on French civil law system, customary law, and decree^[4]
Guinea-Bissau	Based on Portuguese civil law
Georgia
Germany	The Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch of 1900 ("BGB"). The BGB is influenced both by Roman and German law traditions.
Greece	The Greek civil code of 1946, highly influenced by the German civil code of 1900 (Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch); the Greek civil code replaced the Byzantine–Roman civil law in effect in Greece since its independence (Νομική Διάταξη της Ανατολικής Χέρσου Ελλάδος, Legal Provision of Eastern Mainland Greece, November 1821: 'Οι Κοινωνικοί Νόμοι των Αειμνήστων Χριστιανών Αυτοκρατόρων της Ελλάδος μόνοι ισχύουσι κατά το παρόν εις την Ανατολικήν Χέρσον Ελλάδα', 'The Social [i.e. Civil] Laws of the Dear Departed Christian Emperors of Greece [referring to the Byzantine Emperors] alone are in effect at present in Eastern Mainland Greece')
Guatemala	Guatemala has had three Civil Codes: the first one from 1877, a new one introduced in 1933, and the one currently in force, which was passed in 1963. This Civil Code has suffered some reforms throughout the years, as well as a few derogations relating to areas which have subsequently been regulated by newer laws, such as the Code of Commerce and the Law of the National Registry of Persons. In general, it follows the tradition of the roman-French system of civil codification. Regarding the theory of 'sources of law' in the Guatemalan legal system, the 'Ley del Organismo Judicial' recognizes 'the law' as the main legal source (in the sense of legislative texts), although it also establishes 'jurisprudence' as a complementary source. Although jurisprudence technically refers to judicial decisions in general, in practice it tends to be confused and identified with the concept of 'legal doctrine', which is a qualified series of identical resolutions in similar cases pronounced by higher courts (the Constitutional Court acting as a 'Tribunal de Amparo', and the Supreme Court acting as a 'Tribunal de Casación') whose theses become binding for lower courts.
Haiti	Influenced by the Napoleonic Code
Honduras
Hungary	Based on codified Roman law, with elements of the Napoleonic civil code
Iceland	Based on Germanic traditional laws and influenced by Medieval Norwegian and Danish laws.
India	The state of Goa and the union territory of Daman and Diu follow a Civil Law based on Portuguese civil law. The rest of India follows English common law.
Italy	Based on codified Roman law, with elements of the Napoleonic civil code; civil code of 1942 replaced the original one of 1865
Japan	Modeled after European (primarily German) civil law system. Japanese civil code of 1895.
Latvia	Largely influenced by Germany, medium influences from Russian and Soviet law.
Lebanon	Modeled after French civil law
Lithuania	Modeled after Dutch civil law
Luxembourg	Influenced by the Napoleonic Code
Macau	Based on the Portuguese strand of the continental tradition, itself much influenced by Germany; also influenced by the law of the PRC
Mauritius
Mexico	"The origins of Mexico's legal system are both ancient and classical, based on the Greek, Roman and French legal systems, and the Mexican system shares more in common with other legal systems throughout the world (especially those in Latin America and most of continental Europe)..." From: http://www.mexonline.com/lawreview.htm Jaime B. Berger Stender Attorney at Law author, Tijuana, B.C., Mexico
Mongolia	Civil Code of 2002 based on German BGB
Montenegro	First: the General Property Code for the Principality of Montenegro of 1888, written by Valtazar Bogišić. Present: the Law on Obligations of 2008.
Mozambique	Based on Portuguese civil law
Netherlands	Influenced by the Napoleonic Code
Norway	Scandinavian-German civil law. King Magnus VI the Lawmender unified the regional laws into a single code of law for the whole kingdom in 1274. This was replaced by Christian V's Norwegian Code of 1687.
Panama
Paraguay	The Paraguayan Civil Code in force since 1987 is largely influenced by the Napoleonic Code and the Argentinian Code
Peru	Based on civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
Poland	The Polish Civil Code in force since 1965
Portugal	Influenced by the Napoleonic Code and later by the German Civil Law
Republic of China (Taiwan)	Codification derived from German BGB.
Romania	Based on the Napoleonic Code
Russia	Civil Law system descendant from Roman Law through Byzantine tradition. Heavily influenced by German and Dutch norms in 1700-1800's. Socialist-style modification in 1900's, and Continental European Law influences since 1990's.
São Tomé e Príncipe	Based on Portuguese civil law
Serbia	First: the Civil Code of Principality of Serbia of 1844, written by Jovan Hadžić, was influenced by the Austrian Civil Code (Allgemeines bürgerliches Gesetzbuch). Present: The Swiss civil law (Zivilgesetzbuch) was a model for the Law on Obligations of 1978.
Slovakia	Descended from the Civil Code of the Austrian Empire (1811), influenced by German (1939–45) and Soviet (1947/68-89) legal codes during occupation periods, substantially reformed to remove Soviet influence and elements of socialist law after the Velvet Revolution (1989).
Slovenia	A Civil Law system influenced mostly by Germanic and Austro-Hungarian law systems
South Korea
Spain	Influenced by the Napoleonic Code, it also has some elements of Spain's legal tradition, starting with the Siete Partidas, a major legislative achievement from the Middle Ages. That body of law remained more or less unchanged until the 19th century, when the first civil codes were drafted, merging both the Napoleonic style with the Castilian traditions.
Sweden	Scandinavian-German civil law. Like all Scandinavian legal systems, it is distinguished by its traditional character and for the fact that it did not adopt elements of Roman law. It is indeed worth mentioning that it assimilated very few elements of foreign laws whatsoever. It is also interesting that the Napoleonic Code had no influence in codification of law in Scandinavia. The historical basis of the law of Sweden, just as for all Nordic countries, is Old German law. Codification of the law started in Sweden during the 18th century, preceding the codifications of most other European countries. However, neither Sweden, nor any other Nordic state created a civil code of the kind of the Code Civil or the BGB.
Switzerland	The Swiss Civil Code of 1908 and 1912 (obligations; fifth book)
Timor-Leste	Based on Portuguese civil law
Turkey	Modeled after the Swiss civil law (Zivilgesetzbuch) of 1907; this has been a conscious choice of Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the modern Turkish state, in order to abolish the Islamic law (Sharia), aiming at westernizing the country
Ukraine	Civil Code of Ukraine of 2004
Uruguay
Uzbekistan	Represents an evolution of Soviet civil law. Overwhelmingly strong impact of the Communist legal theory is traceable.
Vietnam	Communist legal theory and French civil law

Country	Description
American Samoa
Antigua and Barbuda	based on English common law
Australia	based on English common law
Bahamas	based on English common law
Bangladesh	based on English common law
Barbados	based on English common law
Belize	based on English common law
Bhutan
British Virgin Islands	based on English common law
Canada	based on English common law, except in Quebec, where a civil law system based on French law prevails in most matters of a civil nature, such as obligations (contract and delict), property law, family law and private matters. Federal statutes take into account the bijuridical nature of Canada and use both common law and civil law terms where appropriate.
Dominica	based on English common law
England and Wales (UK)	primarily common law, with early Roman and some modern continental influences
Fiji	based on English common law
Gibraltar	based on English common law
Ghana
Myanmar	based on English common law
Grenada	based on English common law
Hong Kong	principally based on English common law
India	based on English common law (except Goa, Daman and Diu which follow a Civil Law based on Portuguese Civil Law)
Ireland	based on Irish law before 1922, which was itself based on English common law
Jamaica	based on English common law
Kiribati	based on English common law
Marshall Islands	based on U.S. Law
Nauru	based on English common law
New Zealand	based on English common law
Northern Ireland (UK)	based on Irish law before 1921, which was itself based on English common law
Palau	based on U.S. Law
Pakistan^[6]	based on English common law with some provisons of Islamic law
Saint Kitts and Nevis	based on English common law
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	based on English common law
Singapore	based on English common law, but Muslims are subject to the Administration of Muslim Law Act, which gives the Sharia Court jurisdiction over Muslim personal law, e.g., marriage, inheritance and divorce.
Tonga	based on English common law
Trinidad and Tobago	based on English common law
Tuvalu	based on English common law
Uganda	based on English common law
United States	Federal courts and 49 states use the legal system based on English common law which has diverged somewhat since the nineteenth century in that they make their own rulings rather than accept those handed down in the UK State law in the U.S. state of Louisiana is based upon French and Spanish civil law (see above)

Country	Description
Afghanistan	Islamic law & American British Law after invasion
The Gambia	English common law, Islamic law and customary law
Ghana	Based on English common law
Iran	Shia Islamic law
Libya	mix of Islamic law and the Green Book of Ghaddafi
Mauritania	mix of Islamic law and French Civil Codes, Islamic law largely applicable to family law.
Morocco	mix of Islamic law and French Civil Codes, Islamic law largely applicable to family law.
Nigeria	Sharia in the northern states, common law in the south and at the federal level.
Oman	Sharia and tribal custom laws
Saudi Arabia	Islamic law
Sudan	Based on Islamic law
Vatican City	Based on principles of Code of Canon Law
Yemen	Islamic law

Country	Description
Botswana	South African law (a mixed system) transferred uno acto through a proclamation of reception
Cameroon
Cyprus	Based on English common law (Cyprus was a British colony 1878–1960), with admixtures of French and Greek civil and public law, Italian civil law, Indian contract law, Greek Orthodox canon law, Muslim religious law, and Ottoman civil law.
Guyana
Israel	Originally (1948) based on English common law; in the process, influenced by German civil law—for instance, between 1962 and 1981, the Knesset issued twenty (20) wide-ranging laws, which were clearly influenced by civil law, and were in the form of codes. Religious law plays a role, especially in matters of personal status and family law, and judicial and legislative decisions take into account Jewish law (halakhah) on occasion.^[10]
Jersey	The Bailiwick of Jersey's legal system draws on local legislation enacted by the States of Jersey, Norman customary law, English common law and modern French civil law
Lesotho	South African law (a mixed system) transferred uno acto through a proclamation of reception
Louisiana (U.S.)	Based on French and Spanish civil law, but federal laws (based on common law) are in effect in Louisiana as well.
Malta	Initially based on Roman Law and eventually progressed to the Code de Rohan, Code Napoleon with influences from Italian Civil Law. English common law however is also a source of Maltese Law, most notably in Public Law
Mauritius
Namibia	South African law (a mixed system) transferred uno acto through a proclamation of reception
Philippines	Based on Spanish law; influenced by U.S. common law after 1898 Spanish and Philippine-American Wars, personal law based on sharia law applies to Muslims
Puerto Rico (U.S.)	Based on Spanish law; influenced by U.S. common law after 1898 (victory of the U.S. over Spain in the Spanish-American war of 1898 and cession of Puerto Rico to the U.S.)
Quebec (Canada)	After the 1763 Treaty of Paris awarded French Canada to Great Britain, the British initially attempted to impose English Common Law, but in response to the deteriorating political situation in the nearby Thirteen Colonies, the Quebec Act was passed in 1774, which allowed a mix of English Common Law and customary civil law, based on the Coutume de Paris. Codification occurred in 1866 with the enactment of the Civil Code of Lower Canada, which continued in force when the modern Province of Quebec was created at Confederation in 1867. Canadian federal law in force in Quebec is based on common law, but federal statutes also take into account the bijuridical nature of Canada and use both common law and civil law terms where appropriate.
Saint Lucia
Scotland (UK)	Based on Roman and continental law, with common law elements dating back to the High Middle Ages
22x20px Seychelles	The substantive civil law is based on the French Civil Code. Otherwise the criminal law and court procedure are based on the English common law. See Seychelles Legal Environment.
South Africa	An amalgam of English common law and Roman-Dutch civil law as well as Customary Law.
Sri Lanka	An amalgam of English common law, Roman-Dutch civil law and Customary Law
Swaziland	South African law (a mixed system) transferred uno acto through a proclamation of reception
Thailand	The Thai legal system became an amalgam of German, Swiss, French, English, Japanese, Italian, and Indian laws and practices. Even today, Islamic laws and practices exist in four southern provinces. Over the years, Thai law has naturally taken on its own Thai identity.
Vanuatu	Consists of a mixed system combining the legacy of English common law, French civil law and indigenous customary law.
Zimbabwe	South African law (a mixed system) transferred uno acto through a proclamation of reception

Country	Description
Afghanistan
Algeria
Bahrain
Comoros
Djibouti
Egypt	Family Law (personal Statute) for Muslims based on Islamic Jurisprudence, Seaerate Personal Statute for non Muslims, and all other branches of Law are based on French civil law system
Eritrea
Indonesia	Based on civil law of Holland and adat (cultural law of Indonesia)
Jordan	Mainly based on French Civil Code and Ottoman Majalla, Islamic law applicable to family law
Morocco	Based on Islamic law and French and Spanish civil law system
Oman
Qatar	Based on Islamic law and Egyptian civil law system (after the French civil law system)
Syria	Based on Islamic law and French civil law system
United Arab Emirates	Based on Islamic law and Egyptian civil law system (after the French civil law system)

Country	Description
Bangladesh
Brunei
Gambia
Malaysia	based on English common law, personal law based on sharia law applies to Muslims
Nigeria	Sharia is applied in some northern states
Pakistan	based on English Common Law, some Islamic law applications in inheritance. Tribal Law in FATA

Aaron Swartz

Born	(1986-11-08) November 8, 1986 (age 25) Chicago, Illinois, United States
Occupation	Software developer, writer, Internet activist
Website
aaronsw.com

Find more about Aaron Swartz on Wikipedia's sister projects:
	Images and media from Commons
	News stories from Wikinews

Persondata
Name	Swartz, Aaron
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1986-11-08
Place of birth	Chicago, Illinois, United States
Date of death
Place of death

Persondata
Name	Alexander, Michelle
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth
Place of birth
Date of death
Place of death

Graham Berry

11th Premier of Victoria
In office 7 August 1875 – 20 October 1875
Preceded by	George Kerferd
Succeeded by	James McCulloch
In office 21 May 1877 – 5 March 1880
Preceded by	James McCulloch
Succeeded by	James Service
In office 3 August 1880 – 9 July 1881
Preceded by	James Service
Succeeded by	Bryan O'Loghlen
Personal details
Born	28 August 1822 London, England
Died	25 January 1904(1904-01-25) (aged 81) Victoria, Australia
Nationality	Australian
Spouse(s)	Harriet Ann Bencowe and Rebecca Evans
Religion	Anglican

Preceded by George Kerferd	Premier of Victoria 1875	Succeeded by James McCulloch
Preceded by James McCulloch	Premier of Victoria 1877–1880	Succeeded by James Service
Preceded by James Service	Premier of Victoria 1880–1881	Succeeded by Bryan O'Loghlen

Persondata
Name	Berry, Graham
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	28 August 1822
Place of birth	London, England
Date of death	25 January 1904
Place of death	Victoria, Australia

David Eagleman
David Eagleman speaking at the UP Conference, 2011
Born	April 1971 Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S.
Nationality	American
Fields	Neuroscience, Writing
Institutions	Baylor College of Medicine, Rice University
Alma mater	Rice University, Baylor College of Medicine, Salk Institute
Known for	Time perception, synesthesia, neurolaw, Books: Sum, Incognito
Notable awards	Guggenheim Fellowship

Persondata
Name	Eagleman, David
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1971
Place of birth	Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S.
Date of death
Place of death

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[edit] Book: The New Jim Crow

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