Dambisa Moyo

Field	Macroeconomics, International development, Global affairs
Alma mater	Oxford University (Doctorate) Harvard University (MPA) American University (BS, MBA)

Dr. Dambisa Moyo is an international economist and New York Times best-selling author of both Dead Aid: Why Aid is Not Working and How There is a Better Way For Africa,^[1] published in 2009, and How the West Was Lost: Fifty Years of Economic Folly - And the Stark Choices that Lie Ahead, published in 2011.^[2] Moyo's 3rd book Winner Take All: China's Race for Resources and What It Means for the World will be published in June 2012.^[3]

Biography[link]

Moyo was born and raised in Lusaka, Zambia.^[4] She holds a Doctorate (PhD) in Economics from St Antony's College, Oxford University; her 2002 dissertation is titled "Essays on the determinants of the components of savings in developing countries".^[5] In 1997, Moyo earned a Master of Public Administration (MPA) from Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government.^[6] She also earned a Master of Business Administration (MBA) in Finance and Bachelor of Science (BS) in Chemistry from American University in Washington D.C. She worked for the World Bank as a Consultant and at Goldman Sachs where she worked in the debt capital markets and as an economist in the global macroeconomics team.

On March 14, 2011, Moyo spoke at the annual Observance ceremony marking Commonwealth Day in Westminster Abbey. She spoke on "Women as Agents of Change" in the presence of the Queen Elizabeth II, British Prime Minister David Cameron and 2000 guests.^[7] In the same month The Daily Beast also selected Moyo as one of "150 Extraordinary Women Who Shake The World" along with Hillary Clinton, Madeleine Albright and others.^[8]

Awards and memberships[link]

In 2009, Moyo was honoured by the World Economic Forum as one of its Young Global Leaders.^[9] In 2009 TIME Magazine named Moyo as one of the world's 100 most influential people.^[10] In September 2009 Moyo was featured in Oprah Winfrey's power list of 20 remarkable visionaries.^[11] In 2010, Dambisa Moyo was a participant at the Bilderberg Conference.^[12] Moyo gave the keynote address at PIMCO's 2011 Secular Forum.^[13]

Moyo serves on the board of Barclays Bank,^[14] SABMiller,^[15] and Barrick Gold.^[16] She has done numerous speaking engagements at organizations including: OECD, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Council on Foreign Relations, American Enterprise Institute and the 2009 Munk Debates as well as most of the G7 countries. In 2009 she spoke at the TEDx conference at the EU Parliament.^[17]

Moyo is a regular contributor to financial journals such as The Economist^[18] and Financial Times^[19] and has appeared as a guest on networks such as CNN,^[20][21] CNBC,^[22][23] Bloomberg^[24], BBC^[25] and Fox Business.^[26] She is a Patron of Absolute Return for Kids (ARK),^[27] a hedge fund supported children’s charity.

Bibliography[link]

[edit] Winner Take All

Moyo's 3rd book Winner Take All: China's Race for Resources and What It Means for the World will be published in June 2012. The book examines the commodity dynamics that the world will face over the next several decades. In particular, the implications of China's rush for resources across all regions of the world. With the scale of China’s resource campaign for hard commodities (metals and minerals) and soft commodities (timber and food) being one of the the largest in history, Moyo presents her research of the financial and geopolitical implications of this in a world of diminishing resources and argues that we are in the middle of unprecedented times.^[28].

The book has praise from commodity trader and author Jim Rogers who says "[The book] offers a smart primer for investors looking to make sense of the opportunities and risks in the commodity space today...I am afraid the West is going to wake up too late to prepare for the future."^[29], Barrick Gold founder Peter Munk who says "Ms Moyo sheds light on and makes sense of a profound and dramatic moment in our history. Her book is a must-read."^[30] and Eurasia Group President Ian Bremmer who says "[The book] offers a timely and provocative answer...at a crucial moment for the future of the global economy."^[31]

Kirkus Reviews states "Written to clarify important global questions, this book deserves a wide audience."^[32]

[edit] How The West Was Lost

Moyo’s second book entitled How the West Was Lost: Fifty Years of Economic Folly - And the Stark Choices that Lie Ahead offers an account of the decline of the economic supremacy of the West over the past 50 years. In particular, Moyo examines how America’s flawed decisions and blinkered policies choices around Capital, Labour and Technology – key ingredients for economic growth and success - have resulted in an economic and geo-political seesaw that is now poised to tip in favour of the emerging world.

It became a New York Times bestseller, debuting at #6 in its first week.^[33] It also debuted at #4 in the Washington Post^[34] and #2 in the Wall Street Journal.^[35] The book also had success in Canada, peaking at #4 and remaining on the bestseller list for 6 weeks.^[36]

In a review, Paul Collier states that "her diagnosis of the recent disasters in financial markets is succinct and sophisticated"^[37] and continues "I applaud her brave alarum against our economic and social complacency: her core concerns are sufficiently close to painful truths to warrant our attention."^[37] Dominic Lawson writes in The Times "This argument...can rarely have been made more concisely...Moyo is a very serious lady indeed."^[38] The Independent says "the sad saga of the recession gives legs to Dambisa Moyo’s provocatively-entitled book, for it goes to the heart of the great economic issue of our times: how swiftly will power shift over this century?".^[39] The Guardian says "How the West Was Lost is more interesting, wider in scale and more important than Dead Aid".^[40]

Bloomberg summarizes "[The book] offers up a well-reasoned look at how the world’s most-advanced nations are squandering their economic lead — and how they might survive by fighting Chinese fire with fire….The book offers Western politicians a prescription for stopping the rot."^[41] Bloomberg named it one of their top business books of 2011.^[42]

In contrast, Alan Beattie of the Financial Times says "The challenges it identifies are for the most part real, if not original. But the huge flaws of the emerging economies are ignored." ^[43] The Economist says "these arguments need much better supporting material than the book provides".^[44]

Ireland's Sunday Business Post says "Moyo’s analysis of the fundamental underpinnings of the credit crunch, especially the role of leveraging, is ... nuanced and insightful".^[45]

[edit] Dead Aid

Dead Aid: Why Aid Is Not Working and How There is Another Way for Africa argues that foreign aid has harmed Africa and that it should be phased out.^[46] It became a New York Times bestseller. It is published in Chinese, English, French, German, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Polish, Portuguese and Dutch.

The book offers proposals for developing countries to finance development, instead of relying on foreign aid. Moyo has stated that her arguments are based on those made by pro-market economists like Peter Bauer (to whom the book is dedicated)^[47] and, later, William Easterly.^[48] The Financial Times summarized the book's argument: "Limitless development assistance to African governments, she argues, has fostered dependency, encouraged corruption and ultimately perpetuated poor governance and poverty."^[49] She argues that foreign aid helps perpetuate the cycle of poverty and hinders economic growth in Africa.

Harvard professor and historian Niall Ferguson wrote the foreword to Dead Aid. Quotes by the Chairman and CEO of Forbes, Steve Forbes, appear on the book jacket as well as by former United Nations Secretary-General Mr. Kofi Annan who says "Dambisa Moyo makes a compelling case for a new approach to Africa".

Moyo's ideas are similar to those held by the Rwandan Government and President Paul Kagame. He says that "Dead Aid has given us an accurate evaluation of the aid culture today".^[50] Kagame also invited Moyo to Rwanda to discuss her thesis and bought copies of the book for his entire cabinet.^[48][51] The President of Senegal, Abdoulaye Wade has also expressed similar views on aid.^[48]

The thesis has also been noted by the Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao. Speaking at a China-Africa Cooperation summit in Egypt, he said "I have read a book titled Dead Aid written by Dambisa Moyo. The author talks about her personal experiences and draws the conclusion that China's assistance to Africa is sincere, credible, practical and efficient and is welcomed by the African people. I am confident that time will prove that friendship and cooperation between the Chinese and African people has a bright future."^[52]

In a book review, economist Paul Collier calls Moyo's analysis "over-optimistic" in that "She implies that, were aid cut, African governments would respond by turning to other sources of finance that would make them more accountable." According to Collier, "this exaggerates the opportunity for alternative finance and underestimates the difficulties African societies face." ^[53] David Roodman, a research fellow at the Center for Global Development calls the book "sporadically footnoted, selective in its use of facts, sloppy, simplistic, illogical, and stunningly naive",^[54] while the Financial Times notes that the book "studiously ignores evidence of development assistance working".^[49]

The pro-aid organization ONE has claimed that Dead Aid is "reckless" and that it calls to "cut-off all aid".^[55] Moyo points out in a number of interviews that this is a misrepresentation of her ideas^[56] and the Financial Times notes that ONE's campaign "at least partially backfired".^[49]

The economist Jeffrey Sachs has said more foreign aid is needed to improve conditions for Africa^[57] but Moyo points out that when Sachs was her lecturer at Harvard it was he himself who taught that "the path to long-term development would only be achieved through private sector involvement and free market solutions".^[58]

Publications[link]

• Moyo, Dambisa (2012). Winner Take All: China's Race for Resources and What It Means for the World. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 0-465-02828-4. 
• Moyo, Dambisa (2011). How the West Was Lost: Fifty Years of Economic Folly - And the Stark Choices that Lie Ahead. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 0-374-17325-7. 
• Moyo, Dambisa (2009). Dead Aid: Why Aid Is Not Working and How There is Another Way for Africa. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 0-374-13956-3. 

• Financial Times (Feb 6th 2012) : "Capitalism for Africa"^[59]
• Change This Manifesto (Mar 10th 2011) : "A Call Against Complacency"^[60]
• The New York Times (Mar 1st 2011) : "How to Get America Back on Track"^[61]
• The Times (Jan 17th 2011) : "The country faces a dramatic choice: sink or swim"^[62]
• Barron's (Nov 28th 2010) : "Holding Housing's Head Above Water"^[63]
• Aberdeen Asset Management (Nov 2010) : "America's Hobson's Choice" ^[64]
• Financial Times (Jan 30th 2010): "The Diary: Dambisa Moyo"^[65]
• The Economist (Nov 13th 2009): "The lure of Africa: Bond markets will discover its attractions"^[18]
• Financial Times (Jun 1st 2009): "Little appetite to question the aid-based status quo"^[66]
• Foreign Policy (Apr 21st 2009): "The Next Big Thing: Africa"^[67]
• Wall Street Journal (Mar 21st 2009): "Why Foreign Aid Is Hurting Africa"^[68]
• Financial Times (Feb 28th 2009): "The Diary: Dambisa Moyo"^[69]
• The Guardian (Feb 26th 2009): "Capitalism for Africa"^[70]

References[link]

External links[link]

• dambisamoyo.com, Moyo's official website
• Facebook Fan page, Moyo's official Facebook fan page
• Jake Whitney in Guernica Magazine interviews Moyo
• Allan Stevo at LewRockwell.com reviews Moyo's Dead Aid.
• "Africa with Dambisa Moyo" link to Uncommon Knowledge interview filmed 12 June 2009
• Dambisa Moyo on Twitter
• Dambisa Moyo Interview May 2010
• C-SPAN Q&A interview with Moyo, April 5, 2009

Euvin Naidoo
Euvin Naidoo at the World Economic Forum on Africa in 2012
Born	1971
Residence	Massachusetts, USA
Nationality	South African
Education	Harvard Business School (MBA)
Website
http://www.sacca.biz

In February 2009 Euvin Naidoo was selected as a Young Global Leader (YGL) by the World Economic Forum (WEF).^[1] Described on Forbes.com as a 'leading advocate for Western investment' into Africa,^[2] he led a lineup of international innovators and thinkers as the opening speaker^[3] at the 2007 TED Global Conference where new ideas where explored and shared regarding the continent.^[4] In 2009 the Journal of International Affairs at Columbia University chose to profile 5 African leaders including Mo Ibrahim (founder of Celtel) and John Atta Mills (President of Ghana)^[5]- Euvin Naidoo was chosen to be profiled alongside these leaders as one of the 'FIVE FACES OF AFRICAN INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP'.^[6]

An alumnus of McKinsey & Co. from the 1990s,^[7] he is a graduate of the Harvard Business School (HBS).^[8] In 2007, as President of the South African Chamber of Commerce in America (SACCA), he led the launch of the Africa Entrepreneurship Platform, committed towards empowering that segment of entrepreneurs and service organizations focused on growth, to successfully scale and enter new markets.^[9] In 2007 this program was featured at the Clinton Global Initiative's annual gathering^[10] and has been acknowledged by New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg as helping to strengthen business ties across borders and boundaries, connecting markets.^[11]

As a banker, Euvin Naidoo has worked in both New York and Johannesburg on acquisition finance and cross border focused transactions.^[12][13] He has been invited to teach and speak on operations, banking and financial services in Africa by some of the world’s leading institutions from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania^[14] and the Harvard Business School,^[12] to Columbia University.^[15] At the Columbia Business School, he led a master class session in New York for the MBA class.^[16] In 2009 the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) chose Euvin Naidoo to deliver their opening keynote lecture at the MIT Global Startup Workshop.^[17][18]

Euvin Naidoo is the visiting lecturer for Private Equity and Service Operations at the University of the Witwatersrand's Business School, the WITS Business School (WBS), located in Johannesburg, South Africa.^[19][20] In February 2009, the BBC interviewed Euvin Naidoo and recorded his in-class MBA lecture series as part of the radio documentary "African Perspective: The Power of Africa´s Private Sector".^[21]. In 2011, Euvin Naidoo was honored at the Wits Business School Management Excellence Awards as best lecturer for his teaching and course work on doing business in Africa.^[22]

In 2003, Euvin Naidoo co-authored the Harvard Business School case, 'Nelson Mandela, Turnaround Leader', with Prof. Rosabeth Moss Kanter.^[23] Kanter and Naidoo’s research and collaboration went on to form the material for the South African chapter in the BusinessWeek and New York Times business bestseller, ‘Confidence’ which focuses on the DNA and management lessons of moving organizations, multi-nationals and nations from paths of decline to cycles of success.^[24][25]

In 2008 Euvin Naidoo joined colleagues to serve on the Admissions Board of the Harvard Business School. He has also served as a judge for several years as part of the Harvard Business School's Annual Business Plan Contest (Social Enterprise Track^[26]), an event attracting entrants from around the world.^[20][27] He resides in the USA in Boston Massachusetts with his wife Dr. Roshini Moodley (MPH, Harvard School of Public Health; MBA, Harvard Business School; Private Sector Team, Oxfam America)^[28] and their 2 children.^[20]

External links[link]

• Forbes.com Profile of Euvin Naidoo
• BBC News Profile of Euvin Naidoo
• BBC Radio Documentary with Euvin Naidoo
• TED Global 2007 Opening Address by Euvin Naidoo- Profile and Video
• Launch of the Africa Entrepreneurship Platform in New York- Video
• McKinsey & Co. Alumni in the News- Profile on Euvin Naidoo and Announcement of YGL Selection
• Columbia University's Journal of International Affairs Profiles Mo Ibrahim, John Atta Mills and Euvin Naidoo- Faces of African Innovation and Entrepreneurship
• Euvin Naidoo Official Facebook Page
• Euvin Naidoo on Twitter

References[link]

George Ayittey

Born	1945
Nationality	Ghana
Institution	American University
Field	Political economics
Alma mater	University of Manitoba University of Western Ontario University of Ghana

George Ayittey (born 1945) is a Ghanaian economist, author and president of the Free Africa Foundation in Washington DC. He is a professor at American University,^[1] and an associate scholar at the Foreign Policy Research Institute.^[2] He has championed the argument that "Africa is poor because she is not free", that the primary cause of African poverty is less a result of the oppression and mismanagement by colonial powers, but rather a result of modern oppressive native autocrats. He also goes beyond criticism to advocate for specific ways to address the abuses of the past and present; specifically he calls for democratic government, debt reexamination, modernized infrastructure, free market economics, and free trade to promote development.

Life[link]

Ayittey holds a B.Sc. in Economics from the University of Ghana, Legon, an M.A. from the University of Western Ontario in Canada, and a Ph.D. from the University of Manitoba. He has taught at Wayne State College and Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania. He held a National Fellowship at the Hoover Institution in 1988-89, and then joined The Heritage Foundation as a Bradley Resident Scholar.^[2] He founded The Free Africa Foundation in 1993, to serve as a catalyst for reform in Africa.^[3] In 2008 Dr. Ayittey was listed by Foreign Policy as one of the "Top 100 Public Intellectuals" who "are shaping the tenor of our time".^[4] He lives in Lorton, Virginia.

Political Views[link]

Ayittey believes there are three keys to successfully rescuing Africa from oppressive despotism:

• First, he advocates forming coalitions consisting of small groups of "elders" who have no political ties and monitor the activities of the various opposition groups. Ayittey explains "They must be able to reach out to all the opposition groups."^[5] "The council should bring all of the opposition into an alliance ", which would prevent dictators from steam rolling the severely divided competition.

• Second, you have to gain control of the civil service, security forces, judiciary, election centers, and national bank. Ayittey sees control of at least one of these resources as central to subverting dictatorial power in African countries. These organizations are currently staffed by cronies of dictators throughout Africa.

• Third, and finally you have to use the correct sequence of reform.

Works[link]

• Indigenous African Institutions, Transnational Publishers, 1991; 2nd ed., 2004
• The Blueprint for Ghana's Economic Recovery, Africana Publishers, 1997
• Africa Betrayed, St. Martin’s Press,, 1992
• Africa in Chaos, St. Martin’s Press, 1998.^[6]
• Africa Unchained: the blueprint for development, Palgrave/MacMillan, 2004
• Defeating Dictators: Fighting Tyrants in Africa and Around the World published September 2011.

References[link]

External links[link]

• Bio at A World Connected
• TED Talks: George Ayittey on Cheetahs vs. Hippos at TED Global in 2007
• Human Rights: Africa's Shady Politicians Are at Root of Continent's Destitution, commentary by Dr. Ayittey
• Works by or about George Ayittey in libraries (WorldCat catalog)

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Ron Eglash (born December 25, 1958 in Chestertown, MD) is an American cyberneticist, university professor, and author widely known for his work in the field of ethnomathematics, which aims to study the diverse relationships between math and culture. His research includes the use of fractal patterns in African architecture, art, and religion, and the relationships between indigenous cultures and modern technology, such as that between Native American cultural and spiritual practices and cybernetics. He holds a Bachelor's degree in Cybernetics, a Master's in Systems Engineering, and a Ph.D. in History of Consciousness, all from the University of California. A Fulbright fellowship enabled his postdoctoral field research on African ethnomathematics, which was later published in the book African Fractals: Modern Computing and Indigenous Design.

Dr. Eglash has also conducted studies in teaching children math and computing through simulations of indigenous and vernacular cultural practices. He explains that the simulations do not impose math externally, but rather translate the mathematical ideas already present in the cultural practices to their equivalent form in school-taught math. Examples include transformational geometry in cornrow braiding, spiral arcs in graffiti, least common multiples in percussion rhythms, and analytic geometry in Native American beadwork. His approach is one of many attempts to draw the inspiration to learn out of students' own cultural backgrounds.

He also studies social justice issues as they manifest in the practice of science and technology, ranging from the ethnic identity of “nerds” to the so-called appropriation of science and technology by groups disempowered on the bases of race, class, gender. Another branch of this research explores how the “bottom-up” egalitarian principles found in many indigenous cultures could be applied to modern society in fields from economics to political science.

He has served as a senior lecturer in comparative studies at Ohio State University, and currently works as an Associate Professor in the Department of Science and Technology Studies at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, where he has taught courses on Science and Social Theory, the History of Information Technology, and a design studio for the Product Design and Innovation program.

Publications[link]

1. African Fractals: Modern Computing and Indigenous Design (June 1999)
2. Appropriating Technology: Vernacular Science and Social Power (September 2004) (co-editor)
3. Broken Metaphor: The Master-Slave Analogy in Technical Literature (April 2007)

External links[link]

• Ron Eglash's Homepage
• Creating designs with African fractals
• African influence in Cybernetics
• TED Talks: Ron Eglash on African fractals at TED Global in 2007
• Transformational Geometry and Iteration in Cornrow Hairstyles

Andrew Mwenda, 2008

Andrew Mwenda is a Ugandan journalist, founder and owner of The Independent, Uganda's premier current affair's news magazine. He attended Busoga College Mwiri in eastern Uganda before attending Makerere University. He was arrested and released on bail by the Ugandan government for "being in possession of seditious material and of publishing inflammatory articles".^[1] He earned a master's degree in Development Studies at the University of London in the UK. He was previously the political editor of The Monitor newspaper and presenter of Andrew Mwenda Live on the KFM radio station. In 2005, he was among sixteen senior journalists invited by the British government to meet prime minister Tony Blair to discuss the forthcoming report of the Commission for Africa.

In August 2005 he was charged with sedition for broadcasting a discussion of the cause of death of Sudanese vice-president John Garang. Garang was killed when the Ugandan presidential helicopter crashed in a storm over a rebel area, on the way back from talks in Uganda. During his radio programme, the journalist accused the Ugandan government of "incompetence" and said they had put Garang on "a junk helicopter...at night...in poor weather...over an insecure area".^[2] He also criticized President Yoweri Museveni, calling him a failure, a coward and a "villager", and said the president's days were numbered if he "goes on a collision course with me".^[3]

In July 2006, Mwenda appeared before the British House of Commons committee on Global Poverty to testify against aid to Africa. He has written widely on the effects of aid on the development process in Africa and been published in such prestigious newspapers as the International Herald Tribune and Der Spiegel and done radio and television documentaries for the BBC on this subject. Mr. Mwenda has also been widely quoted in international media - BBC, CNN, New York Times, Washington Post, The Times, The Economist, and many other newspapers, radio and television networks in Europe and North America.

He has assiduously criticised aid agencies and charities for what he says is their ineffectiveness and collusion with corruption. He believes that western aid has been largely unhelpful for African development, since it encourages dependency, sustains wars and fuels corrupt states.^[4] He argues that aid goes to the least deserving states, those that have failed their people, rather than those that have reformed. In June 2007, he gave a speech about these issues at the TED conference in Arusha, Tanzania.

In 2008, he won an International Press Freedom Award from the Committee to Protect Journalists. The award is given for journalists who show courage in defending press freedom in the face of attacks, threats or imprisonment.^[5]

Latest Journals[link]

• 2007: Investieren Geht uber Schmieren, Entwicklungspolitik, December 2007, Nr. 12 62 Jahr.
• 2007: Personalizing power in Uganda, Journal for Democracy, July 2007, Volume 18, Number 3
• 2006: “Sustaining Growth and Achieving Deep Reductions in Poverty: How Uganda Recovered from Conflict”; in Attacking Africa’s Poverty: Experience from the Ground Edited by Louise Fox and Bob Liebenthal, World Bank, Washington DC.
• 2006: Foreign aid the Weakening of Democratic Accountability in Uganda (a policy briefing paper for the Cato Institute, a think tank in Washington DC.
• 2006: With Roger Tangri: ‘Politics, Donors, and the Ineffectiveness of Anti-Corruption Institutions in Uganda’, Journal of Modern African Studies, 44, 1 (2006)
• 2005: With Roger Tangri: ‘Patronage Politics, Donor Reforms, and Regime Consolidation in Uganda’, African Affairs, 104, 416 (2005), 449-67.
• 2003: With Roger Tangri: “Military Corruption and Ugandan Politics since the late 1990s.” in the Review of African Political Economy No. 98, 2003.
• 2001: With Prof. Roger Tangri, Corruption and Cronyism in Uganda’s Privatisation in the 1990s, Africa Affairs 100-398 (2001) 87-103

References[link]