- published: 07 Jul 2010
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- A43 road (England)
- A45 road
- Alfred East
- Alfred the Great
- Andrew Fuller
- Andrew Kooner
- Anglo-Saxon
- Aquascutum
- Architect
- Athelney
- Atomic bomb
- B-29
- Barton Seagrave
- Bedford
- Belgic
- Boughton House
- Boxing
- Brackley
- British Isles
- Burton Latimer
- By-election
- Catholic
- Catuvellauni
- Charles Dickens
- Christian missionary
- Clark Gable
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- Corby
- Corn exchange
- Crocket
- Danelaw
- Daventry
- Daventry (district)
- Derby
- Desborough
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- Dolcis
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- Dukes of Buccleuch
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- Edgar the Peaceful
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- Edwy of England
- Eleanor cross
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- Enola Gay
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- Forest of Dean
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-
A14 road (England)
The A14 is a major road in England, running 127 miles (204 km) from the Port of Felixstowe to the Catthorpe Interchange, the junction of the M1 and M6 motorways near Rugby. The road forms part of the unsigned Euroroutes E24 and E30.
Prior to the completion of the M6 motorway in 1971 and the opening of the A1-M1 Link road in 1994 traffic would have used the A45 road. Until 1994 the A14 designation was used for a section of the Ermine Street between the A10 at Royston on the A10 and the A1 at Alconbury, most of which is now the A1198 road.
From the Port of Felixstowe the road heads west, bypassing Ipswich to the south using the Orwell Bridge and on to Stowmarket, Bury St Edmunds, Newmarket and Cambridge where it meets the M11. From Cambridge there is a very busy section past St Ives, Huntingdon and the junction with the A1. From there through Kettering ending at the M1.
The entire road is a dual carriageway with two lanes each way, except for a dual three-lane section on the Newmarket bypass (between Junctions 36 and 38) where this road runs concurrent with the A11 and a short stretch between the Girton Interchange and Bar Hill is also dual three-lane. The road is heavily used by trucks carrying freight from the Port of Felixstowe (Britain's busiest container port) and the Midlands, North West and Ireland.
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A43 road (England)
The A43 is a primary route in the English Midlands, that runs from the M40 motorway near Ardley in Oxfordshire to Stamford in Lincolnshire. Through Northamptonshire it bypasses the towns of Northampton, Kettering and Corby which are the three principal destinations on the A43 route. The A43 also links to the M1 motorway.
The section of the road between the M40 and M1 is designated a trunk road, managed and maintained by the Highways Agency. The remainder of the route is the responsibility of local authorities.
The A43 starts at M40 junction 10 (the location of Cherwell Valley Services) and is widely regarded as being one of the worst motorway junctions in the country despite improvements made in the early 2000s. There are often long tailbacks at the junction, even at off-peak times.
Following the junction with the M40, the A43 first meets a roundabout with the B4100 for traffic headed north west for the village of Aynho or south for the town of Bicester. Continuing north, the A43 passes many Oxfordshire and Northamptonshire rural villages and towns before meeting the A421 which spurs towards Buckingham and later, Milton Keynes.
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A45 road
The A45 is a major road in England. It runs east from Birmingham past the National Exhibition Centre and the M42, then bypasses Coventry and Rugby, where it briefly merges with the M45 until it continues to Daventry. It then heads to Northampton and Wellingborough before running north of Rushden and Higham Ferrers and terminating at its junction with the A14 road near Thrapston.
Prior to the construction of the M6 motorway it was the main route from the Midlands to Ipswich and to the Haven ports. When the A1-M1 link road section of the current A14 opened in 1994 most of the A45 to the east of Cambridge was re-designated as the A14 and some sections to the west were downgraded to B-roads.
The original (1923) route of the A45 was Birmingham to Ipswich. The road was extended to Felixstowe in 1935, replacing the A139. Initially, the A45 passed through Ipswich to Felixstowe; when the Orwell bridge was opened in 1982, the road was diverted to pass over the new bridge.
A bypass for the village of Eltisley was built in 1972, along with a bypass on the B1040 road. The 3-mile (4.8 km) £8 million St Neots Bypass opened in December 1985 on what was then the A45. When the M6-to-Felixstowe route was moved and upgraded to become the A14, this bypass became redesignated part of the less important Cambridge-Coventry A428.
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Athelney
Coordinates: 51°03′20″N 2°55′52″W / 51.0555°N 2.9310°W / 51.0555; -2.9310
Athelney is located between the villages of Burrowbridge and East Lyng in the Sedgemoor district of Somerset, England. The area is known as the Isle of Athelney, because it was once a very low isolated island in the 'very great swampy and impassable marshes' of the Somerset Levels. Much of the Levels are below sea level. They are now drained for agricultural use during the summer, but are regularly flooded in the winter.
Athelney is around 6 miles from North Petherton, where the Alfred Jewel (an Anglo-Saxon ornament dating from the late 9th century) was discovered in 1693.
The Isle of Athelney is best known for once being the fortress hiding place of King Alfred the Great, from where he went on to defeat the Danes at the Battle of Eddington in May 878.
Archaeological excavations and written evidence indicate that at the time of Alfred the island was linked by a causeway to East Lyng, with either end protected by a semi-circular stockade and ditch. The ditch on the island is now known to date from the Iron Age. It is therefore presumed that the Isle was known by Alfred to have been an ancient fort, and that its existing defences were strengthened by him. Evidence of metalworking on the site suggests that he also used the island to equip his army.
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Barton Seagrave
Coordinates: 52°22′45″N 0°41′38″W / 52.3792°N 0.6939°W / 52.3792; -0.6939
Barton Seagrave is a village and civil parish in the Kettering borough of Northamptonshire, England. The Domesday Book records the village name as Bertone. The village is a suburb of Kettering and about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south-east of the town centre. The A6 road from London to Leicester runs south-east to north-west and partly on the route of the busy A14 road south of the village and which joins M1 motorway junction 19 (Catthorpe Interchange) with east coast port of Felixstowe. The River Ise flows north to south west of the village separating it from Wicksteed Park.
At the 2001 Census it had a population of 4,185, 2,029 males and 2156 females in 1,751 households.
Barton Seagrave has its own Parish Council and forms the Barton ward of Kettering Borough Council. It is in the Wickstead division of Northamptonshire County Council.
Schools in the village are Barton Seagrave County Primary School and Latimer Arts Collegesecondary school.
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Bedford
Coordinates: 52°08′01″N 0°27′28″W / 52.1337°N 0.4577°W / 52.1337; -0.4577
Bedford is the county town of Bedfordshire, in the East of England. It is the administrative centre for the wider Borough of Bedford. According to the former Bedfordshire County Council's estimates, the town had a population of 80,000 in mid 2005, with 19,720 in the adjacent town of Kempston. The Bedford Urban Area which includes Kempston, Elstow and Biddenham forms the 71st largest Urban Area in the UK with a population of 101,928. The wider borough, including a rural area, had a population of 153,000.[citation needed]
The name of the town is thought to derive from the name of a Saxon chief called Beda, and a ford crossing the River Great Ouse. Bedford was a market town for the surrounding agricultural region from the early Middle Ages[citation needed] The Anglo-Saxon King Offa of Mercia was buried in the town in 796. In 886 it became a boundary town separating Wessex and Danelaw. It was the seat of the Barony of Bedford. In 919 Edward the Elder built the town's first known fortress, on the south side of the River Ouse and there received the area's submission. This fortress was destroyed by the Danes. William II gave the barony of Bedford to Paine de Beauchamp who built a new, strong castle. The new Bedford Castle was razed in 1224 and today only a mound remains.
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Boughton House
Boughton House is a country house about 3 miles (4.8 km) north-east of Kettering off the A43 road near Geddington in Northamptonshire, England, which belongs to the Duke of Buccleuch.
The original house was a monastic building but Sir Edward Montagu, Lord Chief Justice to King Henry VIII, purchased it in 1528 just prior to the Dissolution of the Monasteries and began to convert it into a mansion. Most of the present building is the work of Ralph Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu (d.1709) who inherited the house in 1683.
Montagu was a former English ambassador to France, and Boughton House shows strong French architectural influences. His son, John Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu, made little alteration to the house, but made sweeping changes to the landscape and gardens after his return from campaign in Europe with his father-in-law, John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough.
Following the death of George, 3rd Duke of Montagu, in 1790, the house passed, through the marriage of his daughter, Elizabeth, to Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch, 5th Duke of Queensberry. Boughton House was little used or altered from the mid-18th century, but was well cared for. Because of this it has some of the best preserved baroque state rooms in the British Isles.[citation needed]
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Brackley
Coordinates: 52°01′55″N 1°08′49″W / 52.032°N 1.147°W / 52.032; -1.147
Brackley is a town in south Northamptonshire, England. It is about 19 miles (31 km) from Oxford and 22 miles (35 km) from Northampton. Historically a market town based on the wool and lace trade, it was built on the intersecting trade routes between London, Birmingham and the English Midlands and between Cambridge and Oxford. Brackley has connections with Formula 1 as it is close to Silverstone and home to Mercedes GP.
Brackley, originally also known as Brachelai or Brackele, was held in 1086 by Earl Alberic. After this it passed to the Earl of Leicester, and to the families of De Quincy and Roland.
In the 11th and 12th centuries Brackley was in the Hundred of Odboldistow and in the Manor of Halse. Richard I (The Lionheart) named five official sites for jousting tournaments[citation needed] so that such events could not be used as local wars, and Brackley was one of these. The tournament site is believed to be to the south of the castle where the A422 now passes.
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Burton Latimer
Coordinates: 52°21′54″N 0°40′41″W / 52.365°N 0.678°W / 52.365; -0.678
Burton Latimer is a town in Northamptonshire, England, with a population in 2001 of 6,740. It is just south of the junction of the A6 and A14 in the borough of Kettering. The two-mile A6 bypass opened in October 1991.
The town's name is derived from the le Latimer family who lived there in the 13th Century. It grew in the 19th Century around the ironstone quarrying, clothing and footwear industries. A watermill used for grinding corn was converted and used at various times in the 19th century for the manufacture of silk, worsted and carpet-weaving, followed by its conversion to a steam mill to make chicory, mustard, animal foodstuffs and flour. The mill was acquired in the 1930s and became the home of Weetabix.
A notable building in the town is the Norman parish church, containing mediaeval murals.
There was a railway station serving the town called Isham and Burton Latimer, but the station closed in 1950. Now the nearest railway station is in Kettering.
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Corby
Corby is borough located in the county of Northamptonshire. Corby Town is 23 miles north-east of the county town, Northampton. The borough had a population of 53,174 at the 2001 Census; the town on its own accounted for 49,222 of this figure. Figures released in March 2010 revealed that Corby has the fastest growing population in both Northamptonshire and the whole of England. The Borough of Corby borders onto the Borough of Kettering, the District of East Northamptonshire, the District of Harborough and the unitary authority county of Rutland. The town was at one time known locally as "Little Scotland" due to the large number of Scottish migrant workers who came to Corby for its steelworks.
The Borough of Corby consists of the town of Corby, as well as the villages of Weldon, Rockingham, Gretton, Cottingham, Middleton, East Carlton, Stanion, and Little Stanion.
Mesolithic and Neolithic artefacts have been found in the area surrounding Corby and human remains dating to the Bronze Age were found in 1970 at Cowthick. The first evidence of permanent settlement comes from the 8th century when Danish invaders arrived and the settlement became known as "Kori's by" – Kori's settlement. The settlement was recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 as "Corbei". Corby's emblem, the raven, derives from an alternative meaning of this word. These Danish roots were recognised in the naming of the most southern of the town's housing estates, Danesholme, around which one of the Danish settlements was located.
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Danelaw
The Danelaw, as recorded in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (also known as the Danelagh; Old English: Dena lagu; Danish: Danelagen), is a historical name given to the part of England in which the laws of the "Danes" held sway and dominated those of the Anglo-Saxons. It is contrasted with "West Saxon law" and "Mercian law". The term has been extended by modern historians to be geographical. The areas that comprised the Danelaw are in northern and eastern England. The origins of the Danelaw arose from the Viking expansion of the 9th century, although the term was not used to describe a geographic area until the 11th century. With the increase in population and productivity in Scandinavia, Viking warriors, having sought treasure and glory in the nearby British Isles, "proceeded to plough and support themselves", in the words of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, for the year 876.
Danelaw is also used to describe the set of legal terms and definitions created in the treaties between the English king, Alfred the Great, and the Danish warlord, Guthrum, written following Guthrum's defeat at the Battle of Edington in 878. In 886, the Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum was formalised, defining the boundaries of their kingdoms, with provisions for peaceful relations between the English and the Vikings.
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Daventry
Coordinates: 52°16′N 1°10′W / 52.26°N 1.16°W / 52.26; -1.16
Daventry
/ˈdævəntri/ (historically /ˈdeɪntri/) is a market town in Northamptonshire, England, with a population of 22,367 (2001 census).
The town is also the administrative centre of the larger Daventry district, which has a population of 71,838. The town is 77 miles (124 km) north-northwest of London, 13.9 miles (22.4 km) west of Northampton and 10.2 miles (16.4 km) southeast of Rugby. Daventry is near the M1 motorway with access to two junctions to the northeast and southeast of the town. The town is also served by the A45 and the A361. The nearest railway station is at Long Buckby where access is gained to the London Midland services to Birmingham New Street and Northampton, on the Northampton loop of the West Coast Main Line. Inter-city services (Virgin Trains) can be accessed from Rugby railway station. The nearest major international airport is at Birmingham International.
Daventry now has a lot of estates, which include: Drayton, Middlemore Farm, Lang Farm, Ashby Fields, Royal Oak, Timken, Stefen Hill, The Grange, the Headlands and the Southbrook and Borough Hill.
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Daventry (district)
The Daventry district is the largest local government district of western Northamptonshire, England. The district is named after the town of Daventry which is the administrative headquarters and largest town. The district is predominantly rural, other significant settlements include Brixworth, Long Buckby and Weedon Bec.
The Daventry district was created on 1 April 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, by a merger of the historic municipal borough of Daventry, with the Daventry Rural District and most of the Brixworth Rural District. The town of Daventry became an unparished area with Charter Trustees and remained so until 2003 when a civil parish was created, roughly corresponding with the boundaries of the former borough, so allowing Daventry to have its own town council.
In May 2006, a report commissioned by British Gas showed that housing in the district of Daventy produced the 7th highest average carbon emissions in the country at 7,276 kg of carbon dioxide per dwelling.
Coordinates: 52°18′N 1°03′W / 52.30°N 1.05°W / 52.30; -1.05
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Derby
Derby (
i/ˈdɑːbi/ DAR-bi), is a city and unitary authority in the East Midlands region of England. It lies upon the banks of the River Derwent and is located in the south of the ceremonial county of Derbyshire. In the 2001 census, the population of the city was 233,700, whilst that of the Derby Urban Area was 229,407. According to the 2001 census, Derby was at that time the 18th largest settlement in England, measured by urban area.
The city has Roman, Saxon and Viking origins.
The Roman camp of 'Derventio' was probably at Little Chester/Chester Green (grid reference SK353375); The site of the old Roman fort is at Chester Green. Later the town was one of the 'Five Boroughs' (fortified towns) of the Danelaw.
Djúra-bý, recorded in Anglo-Saxon as Deoraby "Village of the Deer". This popular belief is asserted by Tim Lambert who states, "The name Derby is derived from the Danish words deor by meaning deer settlement" without reference or proof. However some[who?] assert that it is a corruption of the original Roman name 'Derventio'. The proven origin of the name "Derby" would seem to be elusive.
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England
Englandi/ˈɪŋɡlənd/ is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, while the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separate it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period, but it takes its name from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in AD 927, and since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century, has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world. The English language, the Anglican Church, and English law—the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world—developed in England, and the country's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation. England's Royal Society laid the foundations of modern experimental science.
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Enola Gay
Enola Gay is a Boeing B-29 Superfortress bomber, named after Enola Gay Tibbets, mother of the pilot, then-Colonel (later Brigadier General) Paul Tibbets. On 6 August 1945, during the final stages of World War II, it became the first aircraft to drop an atomic bomb as a weapon of war. The bomb, code-named "Little Boy", was targeted at the city of Hiroshima, Japan, and caused extensive destruction.
The Enola Gay gained additional attention in 1995 when the cockpit and nose section of the aircraft were exhibited during the bombing's 50th anniversary at the National Air and Space Museum (NASM) of the Smithsonian Institution in downtown Washington, D.C. The exhibit was changed due to a controversy over original historical script displayed with the aircraft. Since 2003, the entire restored B-29 has been on display at NASM's Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center.
The Enola Gay (B-29-45-MO, AAF Serial Number 44-86292, Victor number 82) was built by the Glenn L. Martin Company (now Lockheed Martin) at its Bellevue, Nebraska, plant, at what is now known as Offutt Air Force Base, and was one of 15 B-29s with the "Silverplate" modifications necessary to deliver atomic weapons, which included an extensively modified bomb bay with pneumatic doors, special propellors, modified engines and the deletion of protective armor and gun turrets. Enola Gay was personally selected by Colonel Paul W. Tibbets, Jr., commander of the 509th Composite Group, on 9 May 1945, while still on the assembly line.
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European Parliament
The European Parliament (abbreviated as Europarl or the EP) is the directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union (EU). Together with the Council of the European Union (the Council) and the European Commission, it exercises the legislative function of the EU and it has been described as one of the most powerful legislatures in the world. The Parliament is currently composed of 754 Members of the European Parliament, who represent the second largest democratic electorate in the world (after the Parliament of India) and the largest trans-national democratic electorate in the world (375 million eligible voters in 2009).
It has been directly elected every five years by universal suffrage since 1979. However, turnout at European Parliament elections has fallen consecutively at each election since that date, and has been under 50% since 1999. Turnout in 2009 stood at 43% of all European voters, ranging from 90% in Luxembourg and Belgium (where compulsory voting is used) to 20% in Slovakia. Turnout was under 50% in 18 out of 27 member states.
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Finedon
Coordinates: 52°20′02″N 0°39′35″W / 52.3340°N 0.6597°W / 52.3340; -0.6597
Finedon is a civil parish and village in the Borough Council of Wellingborough, Northamptonshire, with a population at the 2001 census of 4,188 people. Along with Wellingborough, it is twinned with Wittlich, Germany, and Niort, France.
In 1086 when the Domesday Book was completed, Finedon was a large royal manor, previously held by Queen Edith. At this time the village was known as Tingdene, which originates from the Old English words þing meaning assembly or meeting and Denu meaning valley or vale. Tingdene and the later version, Thingdon, were used until the early nineteenth century until finally Finedon became the commonly accepted version, both in written format as well as in pronunciation.
The importance of Finedon at the time of the Domesday Book is clear, as with a population of 102 it was one of only four towns listed with a population greater than 50 in Northamptonshire - the others being Northampton, Brackley, and Rushton.[citation needed]
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Forest of Dean
The Forest of Dean is a geographical, historical and cultural region in the western part of the county of Gloucestershire, England. The forest is a roughly triangular plateau bounded by the River Wye to the west and north, the River Severn to the south, and the City of Gloucester to the east.
The area is characterised by over 110 square kilometres (42.5 sq mi) of mixed woodland, one of the surviving ancient woodlands in England. A large area was reserved for royal hunting before 1066, and remained as the second largest Crown forest in England, the largest being New Forest. Although the name is often used loosely to refer to that part of Gloucestershire between the Severn and Wye, the Forest of Dean proper has covered a much smaller area since mediaeval times. In 1327 it was defined to cover only the royal demesne and parts of parishes within the hundred of St Briavels, and after 1668 the Forest comprised the royal demesne only. This area is now within the civil parishes of West Dean, Lydbrook, Cinderford, Ruspidge, and Drybrook.
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Geddington
Coordinates: 52°26′27″N 0°41′06″W / 52.4408°N 0.6851°W / 52.4408; -0.6851
Geddington is a village and civil parish on the A43 in north-east Northamptonshire between Kettering and Corby.
It contains what is thought to be the best surviving Eleanor cross. The monument dates from 1294, when the crosses were raised as a memorial by Edward I (1239–1307) to his late wife, Eleanor of Castile (1244–1290). There were originally 12 monuments, one in each resting place of the funeral procession as they travelled to Westminster Abbey. Three now remain; the other two being in Hardingstone (near Northampton) and Waltham Cross.
The parish's population at the 2001 census was 1,504 people.
The village was also formerly home to a Royal hunting lodge which was used as a base by monarchs for hunting within Rockingham Forest. The building has subsequently been lost; however, the 'Kings' Door' within St. Mary Magdalene's church in the village remains - it was the entrance through which the King could enter the building while staying at the lodge.
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Germany
Germany (i/ˈdʒɜrməni/), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant] (
listen)), is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state and the largest economy in the European Union. It is one of the major political powers of the European continent and a technological leader in many fields.
A region named Germania, inhabited by several Germanic peoples, was documented before AD 100. During the Migration Period, the Germanic tribes expanded southward, and established successor kingdoms throughout much of Europe. Beginning in the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th century, northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation while southern and western parts remained dominated by Roman Catholic denominations, with the two factions clashing in the Thirty Years' War, marking the beginning of the Catholic–Protestant divide that has characterized German society ever since. Occupied during the Napoleonic Wars, the rise of Pan-Germanism inside the German Confederation resulted in the unification of most of the German states into the German Empire in 1871 which was Prussian dominated. After the German Revolution of 1918–1919 and the subsequent military surrender in World War I, the Empire was replaced by the Weimar Republic in 1918, and partitioned in the Treaty of Versailles. Amidst the Great Depression, the Third Reich was proclaimed in 1933. The latter period was marked by Fascism and World War II. After 1945, Germany was divided by allied occupation, and evolved into two states, East Germany and West Germany. In 1990 Germany was reunified.
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Grand Union Canal
The Grand Union Canal in England is part of the British canal system. Its main line starts in London and ends in Birmingham, stretching for 137 miles (220 km) with 166 locks. It has arms to places including Leicester, Slough, Aylesbury, Wendover and Northampton.
The Grand Union Canal was also the original name for part of what is now part of the Leicester Line of the modern Grand Union: this latter is now generally referred to as the Old Grand Union Canal in order to avoid ambiguity.
With competition from the railways having taken a large share of traffic in the second half of the 19th century, improvements in roads and vehicle technology in the early part of the 20th century meant that the lorry was also becoming a threat to the canals. Tolls had been reduced to compete with the railways, but there was little scope for further reduction. The Regent's Canal and the Grand Junction Canal agreed that amalgamation and modernisation were the only way to remain competitive.
The (present) Grand Union Canal came into being on 1 January 1929, extended in 1932. It was formed from the amalgamation of several different canals:
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Harpers Brook
Harpers Brook is a tributary of the river Nene which runs through Northamptonshire.
According to sources (ordnance survey sheet 141) it originates close to the Leicestershire town of Market Harborough and meanders through the north of the county of Northamptonshire, passing through the town of Corby and on until it joins the River Nene just North of Thrapston.
Coordinates: 52°25′10″N 0°30′59″W / 52.4194°N 0.5163°W / 52.4194; -0.5163
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Higham Ferrers
Coordinates: 52°18′21″N 0°35′04″W / 52.3057°N 0.5844°W / 52.3057; -0.5844
Higham Ferrers is a market town in the Nene Valley in East Northamptonshire, England, close to the Cambridgeshire and Bedfordshire borders. It forms a single urban area with Rushden to the south and has an estimated population of 6,086. The town centre contains many historic buildings around the Market Square and College Street.
The first Charter of 1251 was the result of a deliberate act of a far sighted Lord of the Manor, William de Ferrers, who created the Borough in order to promote prosperous community at the gates of his castle, where people had begun to settle in numbers and to trade in the ancient market.
Henry Chichele (c. 1364 – 12 April 1443) was born in Higham Ferrers and is noted for becoming Archbishop of Canterbury and founding of All Souls College, Oxford.
The second Charter was granted in 1556 following the accession of Mary Tudor. For many years the Town provided a safe seat for a supporter of the Crown nominated by the Duchy of Lancaster, the biggest land owner. When James 1st came to the throne the opportunity was taken to obtain a confirmation and further extension of civic powers and liberties by the Charter of 1604. Again after the Restoration of Charles 2nd to the throne and the passing of the Corporations Act of 1662 the liberties were confirmed and extended.
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Hiroshima
Hiroshima (広島市, Hiroshima-shi?) ( listen (help·info)) is the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture, and the largest city in the Chūgoku region of western Honshu, the largest island of Japan. It is best known as the first city in history to be destroyed by a nuclear weapon when the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) dropped an atomic bomb on it at 8:15 A.M. on August 6, 1945, near the end of World War II. Its name 広島 means "Wide Island".
Hiroshima gained city status on April 1, 1889. On April 1, 1980, Hiroshima became a designated city. The city's current mayor since April 2011 is Kazumi Matsui.
Hiroshima was founded on the river delta coastline of the Seto Inland Sea in 1589 by the powerful warlord Mōri Terumoto, who made it his capital after leaving Koriyama Castle in Aki Province.Hiroshima Castle was quickly built, and Terumoto moved in, in 1593. Terumoto was on the losing side at the Battle of Sekigahara. The winner, Tokugawa Ieyasu, deprived Mori Terumoto of most of his fiefs including Hiroshima and gave Aki province to Masanori Fukushima, a daimyo who had supported Tokugawa.
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Huntingdon
Coordinates: 52°20′11″N 0°10′18″W / 52.3364°N 0.1717°W / 52.3364; -0.1717
Huntingdon is a market town in eastern England. The town was chartered by King John in 1205. It is the traditional county town of Huntingdonshire, and is currently the seat of the Huntingdonshire district council. It is known as the birthplace in 1599 of Oliver Cromwell.
Huntingdon was founded by the Anglo-Saxons and Danes. Mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, it seems that it was a staging post for Danish raids outside of east Anglia until 917, when the Danes relocated to Tempsford, before being crushed by Edward the Elder. It prospered successively as a bridging point of the River Great Ouse, as a market town, and in the 18th and 19th centuries as a coaching centre, most notably The George Hotel. The town has a well-preserved medieval bridge that used to serve as the main route of Ermine Street over the river. The bridge only ceased to be the sole crossing point to Godmanchester in 1975, with the advent of what is now the A14 bypass.
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Irthlingborough
Coordinates: 52°19′26″N 0°36′50″W / 52.324°N 0.614°W / 52.324; -0.614
Irthlingborough /ˈɜrθlɪŋbərə/, originally called Yrtlingaburg in the 8th Century, it is called Erdiburn in the Domesday Book, later still, Artleborough,. It is a small town on the River Nene in Northamptonshire, England with a population of 6,179 people according to the 2001 census. It is the smallest town in England to have possessed a league association football team, Rushden & Diamonds. The parish church, St Peter, has a lantern tower which is unusual for Northamptonshire churches. This was built to guide travellers across the Nene valley in foggy weather. It also has doors at the four cardinal points; of note are the eight misericords in the chancel. Services still continue daily with the main service being at 10:00 am on Sunday mornings.
Circa 790, King Offa of Mercia held court near Irthlingborough.
In 1375 John Pyel, believed to be born Irthlingborough, circa 1310, and Mayor of London in 1372, obtained a royal licence to found the college of St. Peter, Irthlingborough by upgrading the parish church of St Peter. The college was to have six secular canons — one a dean — and four clerks, but he died before his intention was actually carried out. The design was eventually accomplished by his widow, Joan, in 1388.
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Kettering
Coordinates: 52°23′35″N 0°43′23″W / 52.39312°N 0.72292°W / 52.39312; -0.72292
Kettering is a market town in the Borough of Kettering, Northamptonshire, England. It is situated about 81 miles (130 km) from London. Kettering is mainly situated on the west side of the River Ise, a tributary of the River Nene which meets at Wellingborough. Originally named Cytringan, Kyteringas and Keteiringan in the 10th century, the name Kettering is now taken to mean 'the place (or territory) of Ketter's people (or kinsfolk)'.
As of the last census in 2001, the borough has a population of 81,844 whilst the town proper had a population of 51,063 and the town is twinned with Lahnstein, Germany and Kettering, Ohio, in the United States. Being part of the Milton Keynes South Midlands (MKSM) study area along with other towns in Northamptonshire, the town is due to get around 6,000 additional homes mainly to the east of the town. The town, like other towns in the area, has a growing commuter population as it is located on the Midland Main Line railway, which has fast InterCity trains directly into London St Pancras International taking around 1 hour. This gives an interchange with Eurostar services to Continental Europe.
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Kettering (borough)
Kettering is a local government district and borough in Northamptonshire, England. It is named after its main town Kettering where the council is based. It borders onto the District of Harborough in the neighbouring county of Leicestershire, the Borough of Corby, the District of East Northamptonshire, the District of Daventry and the Borough of Wellingborough. The village of Cranford was used to film the US blockbuster "Nanny Mcphee" starring local Lucy Naylor as Nanny Mcphee.
Other than Kettering itself, the borough includes:
The last local elections for Kettering Borough Council were held on Thursday 1 May 2003. The Conservatives were the overall winner, securing 30 out of the 45 contested seats and obtaining overall control.
Further information: Kettering Borough Council Elections 2003
Coordinates: 52°27′N 0°48′W / 52.45°N 0.80°W / 52.45; -0.80
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Kettering, Ohio
Kettering is a city in Greene and Montgomery Counties in the U.S. state of Ohio. It is a suburb of nearby Dayton. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 56,163. It's the largest suburb in the Dayton Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city incorporated in 1955 from the former Van Buren Township and is named for inventor Charles F. Kettering, who resided here in his home, Ridgeleigh Terrace, from 1914 until his death in 1958.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 18.7 square miles (48.4 km²), all land.
Although the city is located in both Greene and Montgomery counties, only a very small part of the city lies in Greene County. The city is bordered by Dayton, Riverside, and Oakwood to the north; West Carrollton and Moraine to the west; Centerville and Washington Township to the south; and Beavercreek and Sugarcreek Township to the east.
As of the census of 2000, there were 57,502 people, 25,657 households, and 15,727 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,077.4 people per square mile (1,187.9/km²). There were 26,936 housing units at an average density of 1,441.6 per square mile (556.4/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 95.23% White, 1.66% African American, 0.18% Native American, 1.38% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.33% from other races, and 1.19% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.11% of the population.
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Leicester
Coordinates: 52°38′03″N 1°08′19″W / 52.63422°N 1.13852°W / 52.63422; -1.13852
Leicester (/lɛstər/ LESS-tər pronunciation (help·info)) is a city and unitary authority in the East Midlands of England, and the county town of Leicestershire. The city lies on the River Soar and at the edge of the National Forest. In 2010, the population of the Leicester unitary authority was estimated at 306,600, the second highest in the region, whilst 441,213 people lived in the wider Leicester Urban Area in 2006, making Leicester the tenth most populous settlement in the United Kingdom and the UK's fourteenth largest urban area. It is the largest city in the East Midlands yet has the second largest urban area in the region behind Nottingham Urban Area. Eurostat's Larger Urban Zone listed the population of the area at 772,400 people as of 2004.
Ancient Roman pavements and baths remain in Leicester from its early settlement as Ratae Corieltauvorum, a Roman military outpost in a region inhabited by the Celtic Corieltauvi tribe. Following the demise of Roman society the early medieval Ratae Corieltauvorum is shrouded in obscurity, but when the settlement was captured by the Danes it became one of five fortified towns important to the Danelaw. The name "Leicester" is thought to derive from the words castra of the "Ligore", meaning camp of the dwellers on the (river) Legro. Leicester appears in the Domesday Book as "Ledecestre". Leicester continued to grow throughout the Early Modern period as a market town, although it was the Industrial Revolution that facilitated a process of rapid unplanned urbanisation in the area.
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Leicestershire
Leicestershire (i/ˈlɛstəʃɪər/ or /ˈlɛstərʃər/ or /ˈlɛstəʃə/; abbreviation Leics.) is a landlocked county in the English Midlands. It takes its name from the heavily populated City of Leicester, traditionally its administrative centre, although the City of Leicester unitary authority is today administered separately from the rest of Leicestershire. The county borders Derbyshire to the north-west, Nottinghamshire to the north, Rutland to the east, Warwickshire to the south-west, Staffordshire to the west, Lincolnshire to the north-east, and Northamptonshire to the south-east. The border with Warwickshire is Watling Street (the A5).
County Hall, situated in Glenfield, about 3 miles (5 km) north-west of Leicester city centre, is the seat of Leicestershire County Council and the headquarters of the county authority. The City of Leicester is administered from offices in Leicester itself and the City Council meets at Leicester Town Hall.
The River Soar rises to the east of Hinckley, in the far south of the county, and flows northward through Leicester before emptying into the River Trent at the point where Derbyshire, Leicestershire, and Nottinghamshire meet. A large part of the north-west of the county, around Coalville, forms part of the new National Forest area extending into Derbyshire and Staffordshire. The highest point of the county is Bardon Hill at 278 metres (912 ft), which is also a Marilyn.
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London
Londoni/ˈlʌndən/ is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who named it Londinium. London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its square-mile mediaeval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.
London is a leading global city, with strengths in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism and transport all contributing to its prominence. It is the world's leading financial centre alongside New York City and has the fifth-largest city GDP in the world (and the largest in Europe). London has been described as a world cultural capital. It was the world's most visited city during 2011 and London Heathrow is the world's busiest airport by number of international passengers. London's 43 universities form the largest concentration of higher education in Europe. In 2012 London will become the first city to host the modern Summer Olympic Games three times.
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London Heathrow
London Heathrow Airport or Heathrow (IATA: LHR, ICAO: EGLL) is a major airport serving London, England, United Kingdom. Located in the London Borough of Hillingdon, in West London, Heathrow is the busiest airport in the United Kingdom and the third busiest airport in the world (as of 2011) in terms of total passenger traffic, handling more international passengers than any other airport around the globe. It is also the busiest airport in the EU by passenger traffic and the third busiest in Europe given the number of traffic movements, with a figure surpassed only by Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport and Frankfurt Airport. Heathrow is London's main airport, having replaced RAF Northolt, and together with Gatwick, Southend, Stansted, Luton and London City, London is the busiest city airport system in the world by passenger traffic (with 133,666,888 passengers travelling through the five airports); and second only to New York City in terms of traffic movements. The airport sustains 76,600 jobs directly and around 116,000 indirectly in the immediate area, and this, together with the large number of global corporations with offices close to the airport, makes Heathrow a modern aerotropolis which contributes an estimated 2.7% to London's total GVA.
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London Luton Airport
London Luton Airport (IATA: LTN, ICAO: EGGW) (previously called Luton International Airport) is an international airport located 1.5 NM (2.8 km; 1.7 mi) east of the town centre in the Borough of Luton in Bedfordshire, England and is 30.5 NM (56.5 km; 35.1 mi) north of Central London. The airport is 2 mi (3.2 km) from Junction 10a of the M1 motorway. It is the fourth-largest airport serving the London area after Heathrow, Gatwick and Stansted, and is one of London's six international airports along with London City and Southend.
In 2008, over 10 million passengers passed through the airport in a single year for the first time. However, passenger numbers were slightly lower during 2011 at 9.5 million, making Luton the fifth-busiest airport in the UK. The airport serves as a base for EasyJet, Monarch Airlines, Thomson Airways and Ryanair. The vast majority of the routes served are within Europe, although there are some charter and scheduled routes to destinations in Northern Africa and Asia.
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Luton
Luton (i/ˈluːtən/ LOOT-ən, local /ˈluːʔən/) is a large town, borough and unitary authority of Bedfordshire, England, 30 miles (50 km) north of London. Luton and its near neighbours, Dunstable and Houghton Regis, form the Luton/Dunstable Urban Area with a population of about 250,000.
Luton is home to Blue Square Premier team Luton Town Football Club, whose history includes several spells in the top flight of the English league as well as a Football League Cup triumph in 1988. They play at Kenilworth Road stadium, which has been their home since 1905.
London Luton Airport, opened in 1938, is one of England's major airports. During the Second World War it doubled as an RAF base.
The University of Bedfordshire is based in the town.
The Luton Carnival, held on the late May bank holiday, is the largest one-day carnival in Europe.
The town was for many years famous for hat-making, and was also home to a large Vauxhall Motors factory; the head office of Vauxhall Motors is still situated in the town. Car production at the plant began in 1905 and continued until 2002, but commercial vehicle production remains.
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Market Harborough
Coordinates: 52°28′39″N 0°55′14″W / 52.4775°N 0.9206°W / 52.4775; -0.9206
Market Harborough is a market town within the Harborough district of Leicestershire, England. It has a population of 20,785 and is the administrative headquarters of Harborough District Council. It sits on the Northamptonshire-Leicestershire border. The town was formerly at a crossroads for both road and rail; however the A6 now bypasses the town to the east and the A14 which carries east-west traffic is 6 miles (9.7 km) to the south. The town is served by East Midlands Trains with direct services to Leicester, Nottingham, Derby and St Pancras International. Rail services to Rugby and Peterborough ended in 1966.
Market Harborough is located in an area which was formerly a part of the Rockingham Forest, a royal hunting forest used by the medieval monarchs starting with William I. Rockingham Road takes its name from the forest. The forest's original boundaries stretched from Market Harborough through to Stamford and swallowed up Corby, Kettering, Desborough, Rothwell, Thrapston and Oundle.
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Mawsley
Coordinates: 52°23′35″N 0°43′23″W / 52.39312°N 0.72292°W / 52.39312; -0.72292
Mawsley is a newly built village and civil parish in the Kettering borough of Northamptonshire, England, a few miles west of Kettering. Until 1 April 2004, Mawsley was part of the nearby parish of Cransley.
Mawsley was first planned in 1993 by Northamptonshire County Council, and construction began in 2001. The village is very nearly complete, with a school, doctors surgery and village hall all provided by the developers. Further research has revealed that Mawsley was built on the site of on older village called Mawsley, which vanished around the time of the Black Death[citation needed] A Roman villa was found nearby, as well as other archeological evidence. When the village was planned, a site was set aside for the building of a Public House. The site has recently (as of July 2006) been sold to a company to build and run the pub.
The village is always windy, as it sits at the same level as the local landscape - other well established villages in the area are built in dips, which protect them from the strong local winds.
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Mercia
Mercia ( /ˈmɜrsiə/, /ˈmɜrʃə/) was one of the kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy. It was centred on the valley of the River Trent and its tributaries in the region now known as the English Midlands. The name is a Latinisation of the Old English Mierce or Myrce, meaning "border people".
Mercia's neighbours included Northumbria, Powys and the kingdoms of southern Wales, Wessex, Sussex, Essex and East Anglia.
The name Mercia is still in use today by a wide range of organisations, including military units, public, commercial and voluntary bodies; and occurs as a female given name.
Mercia's exact evolution from the Anglo-Saxon invasions is more obscure than that of Northumbria, Kent, or even Wessex. Also, Mercia developed an effective political structure and adopted Christianity later than the other kingdoms. Archaeological surveys show that Angles settled the lands north of the River Thames by the 6th century. The name Mercia is Old English for "boundary folk" (see Welsh Marches), and the traditional interpretation is that the kingdom originated along the frontier between the native Welsh and the Anglo-Saxon invaders. However, P. Hunter Blair argued an alternative interpretation: that they emerged along the frontier of Northumbria and the inhabitants of the Trent river valley.
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Milton Keynes
Coordinates: 52°02′10″N 0°46′12″W / 52.036°N 0.770°W / 52.036; -0.770
Milton Keynes (i/ˌmɪltən ˈkiːnz/ mil-tən-KEENZ), sometimes abbreviated MK, is a large town in Buckinghamshire, about 45 miles (72 km) south-east of Leicester and 49 miles (79 km) north-west of London. It is the administrative centre of the Borough of Milton Keynes. It was formally designated as a new town on 23 January 1967, with the design brief to become a 'city' in scale.
At designation, its 89 km2 (34 sq mi) area incorporated the existing towns of Bletchley, Wolverton and Stony Stratford along with another fifteen villages and farmland in between. It took its name from the existing village of Milton Keynes, a few miles east of the planned centre.
At the 2001 census the population of the Milton Keynes urban area, including the adjacent Newport Pagnell, was 184,506, and that of the wider borough, which has been a unitary authority independent of Buckinghamshire County Council since 1997, was 207,063 (compared with a population of around 53,000 for the same area in 1961). The Borough’s population in 2009 is estimated to be nearly 241,000, with almost all the increase arising in the urban area.
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Northampton
Northamptoni/nɔrˈθæmptən/ is a large market town and local government district in the East Midlands region of England. Situated about 67 miles (108 km) north-west of London and around 50 miles (80 km) south-east of Birmingham, Northampton lies on the River Nene and is the county town of Northamptonshire. The demonym of Northampton is Northamptonian.
Original settlements in Northampton date back to the 6th century. Its modern development is largely due to its rapid population increase since the 1960s after a planned expansion occurred under the New Towns Commission in the early 1970s. In 2001, its urban area population was 197,199 while its town population was 189,474, making Northampton the 27th largest settlement in England, and the UK's 3rd largest town without official city status after Reading and Dudley. Northampton is the most populous district in England that is not a unitary authority, a status it failed to obtain in the 1990s local government reform.
Northampton has a history of the manufacture of boots and shoes yet engineering has taken over as a modern key industry; other industries include food processing, brewing, and the manufacture of shoe machinery, cosmetics, leather goods, and car accessories. At present, the major employers are public administration, financial services, and the distribution trade.
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Northamptonshire
Coordinates: 52°17′N 0°50′W / 52.283°N 0.833°W / 52.283; -0.833
Northamptonshire ( /nɔrˈθæmptənʃər/ or /nɔrθˈhæmptənʃɪər/; archaically, the County of Northampton; abbreviated Northants. or N/hants) is a landlocked ceremonial county in the East Midlands region of England. Its population is 629,676 as at the 2001 census. It has boundaries with eight other ceremonial counties: Warwickshire to the west, Leicestershire and Rutland to the north, Cambridgeshire to the east, Bedfordshire to the south-east, Buckinghamshire to the south, Oxfordshire to the south-west and Lincolnshire to the north-east – England's shortest county boundary at 19 metres (21 yd). The county seat is Northampton. Other large population centres include Kettering, Corby, Wellingborough, Rushden and Daventry.
Northamptonshire's county flower is the cowslip[citation needed].
Much of Northamptonshire’s countryside appears to have remained somewhat intractable with regards to early human occupation, resulting in an apparently sparse population and relatively few finds from the Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic periods. In about 500 BC the Iron Age was introduced into the area by a continental people in the form of the Hallstatt culture, and over the next century a series of hill-forts were constructed at Arbury Camp, Rainsborough camp, Borough Hill, Castle Dykes, Guilsborough, Irthlingborough, and most notably of all, Hunsbury Hill. There are two more possible hill-forts at Arbury Hill (Badby) and Thenford.
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Nottingham
Nottingham (i/ˈnɒtɪŋəm/ NOT-ing-əm) is a city and unitary authority in the East Midlands of England in the ceremonial county of Nottinghamshire and is one of eight members of the English Core Cities Group.
Nottingham is famed for its links with the legend of Robin Hood and, during the Industrial Revolution, obtained worldwide recognition for its lace-making, bicycle and tobacco industries. With origins tracable back to 600 AD, Nottingham was granted its city charter as part of the Diamond Jubilee celebrations of Queen Victoria in 1897 and has since been officially titled the City of Nottingham. The city has historically been nicknamed The Queen of the Midlands, being the smaller yet less industrialised regional neighbour to the Midlands biggest city, Birmingham. Nottingham is considered the primary centre of England's East Midlands region, being home to numerous regional headquarters and media stations including the BBC East Midlands and the Regional Government Office.
Whilst Nottingham has always had a tightly-drawn authority boundary, accounting for its relatively small population of 306,700, Nottingham's Urban Area has a population of approximately 670,000; in the 2001 census, it was the eighth largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Eurostat's concept of the Larger Urban Zone listed the area's population at 825,600 as of 2004.
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Oundle
Coordinates: 52°28′48″N 0°28′19″W / 52.480°N 0.472°W / 52.480; -0.472
Oundle ( /ˈaʊndəl/) is an ancient market town on the River Nene in Northamptonshire, England, with a population of around 5,800. It lies some 68 mi (109 km) north of London and 12 mi (19 km) south-west of Peterborough. The nearest railway station is at Corby, 9.3 mi (15.0 km) west of Oundle.
Inhabited since the Iron Age, Oundle was originally a trading place and market for local farmers and craftsmen. As the area became prosperous, wealthy traders set up shops and houses, and guilds were formed. Unlike other settlements in the vicinity, Oundle was unaffected by the Black Death in the mid-14th century.[citation needed]
Oundle had a grammar school since at least 1465, at which Sir William Laxton (Lord Mayor of London) was educated. He founded Laxton Grammar School in 1556, administered by the Worshipful Company of Grocers, from which Oundle School evolved.
In 1743, a group of mutineers from the Black Watch were captured at Ladywood, near Oundle. They had deserted in protest at being sent abroad, instead of patrolling the Highlands, for which the regiment had been raised.
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Palace of Versailles
The Palace of Versailles ( /vɛərˈsaɪ/ vair-SY or /vərˈsaɪ/; French: [vɛʁˈsaj]), or simply Versailles, is a royal château in Versailles in the Île-de-France region of France. In French it is the Château de Versailles.
When the château was built, Versailles was a country village; today, however, it is a suburb of Paris, some 20 kilometres southwest of the French capital. The court of Versailles was the centre of political power in France from 1682, when Louis XIV moved from Paris, until the royal family was forced to return to the capital in October 1789 after the beginning of the French Revolution. Versailles is therefore famous not only as a building, but as a symbol of the system of absolute monarchy of the Ancien Régime.
The earliest mention of the name of Versailles is in a document dated 1038, relating to the village of Versailles. In 1575, the seigneury of Versailles was bought by Albert de Gondi, a naturalized Florentine, who invited Louis XIII on several hunting trips in the forests surrounding Versailles. Pleased with the location, Louis ordered the construction of a hunting lodge in 1624. Eight years later, Louis obtained the seigneury of Versailles from the Gondi family and began to make enlargements to the château. This structure would become the core of the new palace. Louis XIII's successor, Louis XIV, had it expanded into one of the largest palaces in the world. Following the Treaties of Nijmegen in 1678, he began to gradually move the court to Versailles. The court was officially established there on 6 May 1682.
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Paulerspury
Coordinates: 52°06′12″N 0°57′27″W / 52.1032°N 0.9575°W / 52.1032; -0.9575
Paulerspury is a civil parish and small village in South Northamptonshire, England. It is approximately 3 miles (5 km) south of Towcester and 8 miles (13 km) north of Milton Keynes along the A5 road (which follows the course of the Roman Road of Watling Street). The parish also contains the villages of Pury End and Heathencote; at the time of the 2001 census, its population was 991 people. The 2011 estimated population was 1,053 for Paulerspury and Pury End, and 28 for Heathencote.
The village is mentioned in the Domesday Book as Paveli's Peri - a reference to orchards in the area and the lord of the manor Paveli. It was the birthplace in 1761 of William Carey, son of a weaver, who first established the Protestant mission in India.
Paulerspury has known significant historical events. Although the site of the final battle of Queen Boudicca is not confirmed, one of the three locations believed most likely is Cuttle Mill in Paulerspury. During Elizabethan times, the lords of the manor, the Throckmortons became prominent nobles, and local legend has it that the Queen and her favourite Sir Walter Raleigh stayed in the village (which led to the marriage of Bess Throckmorton to Sir Walter). The restored church has a Norman font and displays good Early English work. The effigies of Sir Arthur Throckmorton (1626) and his lady lie on a long tomb. There are also two rare wooden figures, representing Sir Laurence de Paveley (1329) and his wife.
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Peterborough
Peterborough (
/ˈpiːtərbrə/ or 
i/ˈpiːtərbərə/) is a cathedral city and unitary authority area in the East of England, with an estimated population of 173,400 in June 2007. For ceremonial purposes it is in the county of Cambridgeshire. Situated 75 miles (121 km) north of London, the city stands on the River Nene which flows into the North Sea approximately 30 miles (48 km) to the north-east. The railway station is an important stop on the East Coast Main Line.
The local topography is flat and low-lying, and in some places lies below sea level. The area known as the Fens is to the east of Peterborough. The City of Peterborough includes the outlying military installation of RAF Wittering, and as a unitary authority it borders Northamptonshire and Rutland to the west, Lincolnshire to the north, and Cambridgeshire to the south and east.
Human settlement in the area dates back to before the Bronze Age, as can be seen at the Flag Fen archaeological site to the east of the current city centre. This site also shows evidence of Roman occupation. The Anglo-Saxon period saw the establishment of a monastery, then known as Medeshamstede, which later became Peterborough Cathedral. The population grew rapidly following the arrival of the railways in the 19th century, and Peterborough became an industrial centre, particularly noted for its brick manufacture.
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Pytchley
Coordinates: 52°21′43″N 0°44′45″W / 52.3619°N 0.7458°W / 52.3619; -0.7458
Pytchley is a village and civil parish in Northamptonshire, England, three miles south-west of Kettering and near the A14 road. At the time of the 2001 census, the parish's population was 496 people. The village has a Church of England Primary School, a church and a pub. The Pytchley Hunt is a famous fox hunt based near the village.
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Raunds
Coordinates: 52°20′N 0°33′W / 52.34°N 0.55°W / 52.34; -0.55
Raunds ( /ˈrɔːndz/) is a small market town in rural Northamptonshire, England. It has a population of 8,275 (2001 census), is a civil parish, and is part of the East Northamptonshire district.
Raunds is situated 21 miles (34 km) north-east of Northampton. The town is on the southern edge of the Nene valley and surrounded by arable farming land.
Raunds is close to Stanwick Lakes; a country park developed from gravel pits and managed by the Rockingham Forest Trust. This park is internationally recognised for its birdlife and can be reached on foot from Raunds along Meadow Lane bridleway.
In the mid-1980s, during sand excavations in the Nene valley, the remains of a Roman villa were discovered. Excavation of the area, near Stanwick, Northamptonshire, was delayed by several years while archaeologists studied the remains. In 2002 Channel 4's Time Team excavated a garden and found remains of an Anglo-Saxon cemetery.
St Peter's Church, where building work was started in the 13th Century, has the second tallest spire in Northamptonshire at 202 feet (61.5m). The church stands on the site of a Saxon place of worship. During the 15th century patronage of the church changed from St Mary to St Peter. The church features a rare 'left-handed fiddler' decoration above the western entrance. A tombchest dedicated to John Wales, vicar from 1447 to 1496, proves the building has been in use for more than 550 years.
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River Nene
The River Nene (/ˈnɛn/ or /ˈniːn/-see below) is a river in the east of England that rises from three sources in the county of Northamptonshire. The tidal river forms the border between Cambridgeshire and Norfolk for about 3.7 miles (6 km). It is the tenth longest river in the United Kingdom, and is navigable for 88 miles (142 km) from Northampton to The Wash.
The River Nene is the tenth longest river in the United Kingdom. From its source at Arbury Hill to Northampton the river falls a total of 300 feet (91 m) in 17 miles (27 km). For the remainder of its course, the Nene falls less than 200 feet (61 m). It has a catchment area of 631 square miles (1,630 km2) and a mean flow of 328 cubic feet (9.3 m3) per second. The final 88 miles (142 km) from Northampton to the Wash is navigable.
The river's most westerly source can be found near the village of Badby near Daventry. On the eastern slope of Arbury Hill and in pools between Arbury Hill and Sharmans Hill there are three tributaries that converge at Dodford mill to form the upper reaches of the Daventry Nene. The two northern streams flow through the villages of Badby and Newnham to the convergence, whilst the southerly stream runs through Fawsley Park and through the village of Everdon before the convergence. From Dodford the river passes through the village of Weedon where it flows under the main west coast railway line and also under the Grand Union Canal. A little west of Weedon the river converges with its tributary source from Yelvertoft from the north. This tributary, the Yelvertoft Nene, is formed from a great many streams. The river now flows towards Northampton, passing through Flore and Nether Heyford, where it is joined by small streams on either bank. A little past Bugbrooke Mill the Nene passes under the M1 motorway and falls over a weir towards Kislingbury.
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River Tove
The River Tove is a river in England, a tributary of the River Great Ouse. Rising in Northamptonshire, it flows for about 15 miles (24 km) north and east of the town of Towcester (meaning 'camp on the Tove') near Bury Mount before meeting the Ouse near Milton Keynes. Its final 5 miles (8 km) form part of the border between Northamptonshire and Buckinghamshire, running alongside the Grand Union Canal. The river ultimately flows into the North Sea.
The Old English name of Towcester, which is named for the River Tove, is Tófe-ceaster, suggesting (since ceaster comes from the Latin castra, meaning "camp") that the Old English name for the Tove was some form of Tófe. Bosworth and Toller give the "Scandinavian proper names" Tófi and Tófa for comparison. Tófa, in turn, is a shortened form of Thorfrithr, meaning "beautiful Thor" or "peace of Thor."
Coordinates: 52°07′45″N 0°57′03″W / 52.12917°N 0.95083°W / 52.12917; -0.95083
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Rockingham Castle
Rockingham Castle is a former royal castle and hunting lodge in Rockingham Forest a mile to the north of Corby, Northamptonshire.
The site on which the castle stands has been used in the Iron Age, Roman period and by the invading Saxons also used by the Normans, Tudors and also used in the Medieval Period. This is because its position on elevated ground provides clear views of the Welland Valley from a strong defensible location.
William the Conqueror ordered the construction of a wooden Motte and Bailey at Rockingham in the 11th century shortly after the Norman Invasion of Britain. Within three decades, William II replaced it with a stone castle. A stone keep was added to the large motte and the outer bailey was enclosed by a curtain wall. The castle was then used as a Royal retreat throughout the Norman and Plantagenet periods. Nearby Rockingham Forest was especially good for hunting wild boar and deer.
In 1270 Henry III strengthened the castle with the addition of a twin D-tower gatehouse. But less than a century later Edward III became the last monarch to visit the castle while it was possessed by The Crown.
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Rushden
Coordinates: 52°17′17″N 0°36′04″W / 52.288°N 0.601°W / 52.288; -0.601
Rushden is a town and civil parish in the county of Northamptonshire, England.
The parish of Rushden covers an area of some 3,777 acres (15.28 km2) and is part of the district of East Northamptonshire. The population of Rushden was estimated at around 28,368, making it the fifth largest town in the county. The Rushden-Higham urban area, which includes the adjoining town of Higham Ferrers, has an estimated population of 35,572.
Rushden lies on the A6 mid-way between Bedford and Kettering. The southern limits of the town border on the county of Bedfordshire, and to its north lies the River Nene (locally pronounced Nen) which flows into The Wash. Rushden lies in a small valley, with a stream or brook known as Sidney Brook flowing through the centre of the town. During the Late 1990s this stream has been culverted to prevent flash flooding. From whichever way Rushden is approached, the streets and roads can be seen stretching out in the valley, with the spire of St Mary's church prominent above its rooftops.
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Sheffield
Sheffieldi/ˈʃɛfiːld/ is a city and metropolitan borough of South Yorkshire, England. Its name derives from the River Sheaf, which runs through the city. Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, and with some of its southern suburbs annexed from Derbyshire, the city has grown from its largely industrial roots to encompass a wider economic base. The population of the City of Sheffield is 555,500 (2010 est.) and it is one of the eight largest regional English cities that make up the English Core Cities Group.
During the 19th century, Sheffield gained an international reputation for steel production. Many innovations were developed locally, including crucible and stainless steel, fuelling an almost tenfold increase in the population during the Industrial Revolution. Sheffield received its municipal charter in 1843, becoming the City of Sheffield in 1893. International competition in iron and steel caused a decline in traditional local industries during the 1970s and 1980s, coinciding with the collapse of coal mining in the area.
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Somerset
The ceremonial and non-metropolitan county of Somerset (i/ˈsʌmərsɛt/ or /ˈsʌmərsɨt/) in South West England borders Bristol and Gloucestershire to the north, Wiltshire to the east, Dorset to the south-east, and Devon to the south-west. It is partly bounded to the north and west by the Bristol Channel and the estuary of the River Severn. Its traditional northern border is the River Avon, but the administrative boundary has crept southwards with the creation and expansion of the City of Bristol, and latterly the county of Avon and its successor unitary authorities to the north. Somerset's county town, Taunton, is in the south.
Somerset is a rural county of rolling hills such as the Blackdown Hills, Mendip Hills, Quantock Hills and Exmoor National Park, and large flat expanses of land including the Somerset Levels. There is evidence of human occupation from Palaeolithic times, and of subsequent settlement in the Roman and Anglo-Saxon periods. The county played a significant part in the consolidation of power and rise of King Alfred the Great, and later in the English Civil War and the Monmouth Rebellion.
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South Midlands
The South Midlands is a notional area of England. According to one definition, it is the southern portion of the East Midlands together with the northern portion of South East England and the western portion of the East of England, and just as there is no agreed definition for these areas, various organisations use the name South Midlands to refer to an area that is specific to their own way of dividing up the country. The term is not widely used and it is not one of the English administrative regions. One major usage is as a label for one of the areas identified by the Government for urban development.
The Government refers to an area centred on Milton Keynes as the 'Milton Keynes and South Midlands growth area'. This area comprises the whole of Bedfordshire, the whole of Northamptonshire, and parts of Buckinghamshire (the districts of Milton Keynes and Aylesbury Vale). It straddles the boundaries of the Government Office Regions and includes portions of the East Midlands, East of England, and South East England regions.
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Sywell Aerodrome
Sywell Aerodrome (IATA: ORM, ICAO: EGBK) is the local aerodrome serving Northampton, Wellingborough, Kettering and Rushden as it is situated midway between these towns. The airport is located 5 NM (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) northeast of Northampton and was originally opened in 1928 on the edge of Sywell village.
The aerodrome caters for private flying, flight training and corporate flights. There is one fixed-wing flying school, one microlight school and a helicopter school. In addition there is a 1930s Art Deco hotel with bar and restaurant facilities. Aviation related industries and businesses are also located at the aerodrome.
Northampton (Sywell) Aerodrome has a CAA Ordinary Licence (Number P496) that allows flights for the public transport of passengers or for flying instruction as authorised by the licensee (Sywell Aerodrome Limited).
A viewing area is also available for use by aircraft spotters.
The aerodrome opened in 1928 and during World War II the aerodrome was used as a training facility (Tiger Moths) and later an important base for the manufacture of Wellington bombers and extensive sheds from this time still remain on site.
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Thrapston
Coordinates: 52°23′38″N 0°32′06″W / 52.394°N 0.535°W / 52.394; -0.535
Thrapston is a small town in Northamptonshire, England. It is the headquarters of the East Northamptonshire district, and in 2001 had a population of 4,855. By 2006, this was estimated to be over 5,700.
Thrapston is close to the River Nene and is at the junction of the A14 and the A45. Until the 1960s, Thrapston had two railway stations. Thrapston (Midland) was on the Kettering to Cambridge route, and the former station and viaduct can be seen from the adjacent A14 road. Thrapston (Bridge Street) was on the former LNWR Northampton to Peterborough line.
The market charter was granted over 800 years ago, in the year 1205, in exchange for two palfreys. This is celebrated every year with the town's Charter fair, where the high street is closed and the people in the town get together to commemorate this event. A relative of George Washington, Sir John Washington, lived in Chancery Lane in the town, and his wife is buried in the church. Sir John was brother to George Washington's great-grandfather. Naturalist and writer Horace William Wheelwright practiced as an attorney in Thrapston in the 1840s. Fashion photographer James Kenny currently lives in the town.
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Towcester
Coordinates: 52°08′N 0°59′W / 52.13°N 0.99°W / 52.13; -0.99
Towcester ( /ˈtoʊstər/ TOH-stər), the Roman town of Lactodorum, is a small town in south Northamptonshire, England.
Towcester comes from the Old English Tófe-ceaster.Tófe refers to the River Tove;Bosworth and Toller compare it to the "Scandinavian proper names" Tófi and Tófa. The Old English ceaster comes from the Latin castra ("camp") and was "often applied to places in Britain which had been originally Roman encampments." Thus, Towcester means "Camp on the (river) Tove."
The town is about 8 miles (12.9 km) south-west of Northampton and about 10 miles (16.1 km) north-west of Milton Keynes, the nearest main towns. Oxford is about 30 miles (48.3 km) south-west via the A43 road, M40 motorway and A34 road. The A43 now by-passes the town to the north but the A5 road still passes through the town centre. This still carries much traffic in the north-south direction which may be by-passed to the west with the possibility of expansion of the town.
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Tresham
Tresham is a village in Gloucestershire, England. It was transferred back from the county of Avon in 1991, having been in Gloucestershire before 1972. It is now in Stroud District, and forms part of the civil parish of Hillesley and Tresham. It is on the Monarch's Way and near the Cotswold Way (grid reference ST792912).
According to Pevsner, Tresham Church dates from about 1855.
Coordinates: 51°37′09″N 2°18′07″W / 51.61923°N 2.30183°W / 51.61923; -2.30183
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Triangular Lodge
The Triangular Lodge is a folly, designed and constructed between 1593 and 1597 by Sir Thomas Tresham near Rushton, Northamptonshire, England. It is now in the care of English Heritage. The stone used for the construction was alternating bands of dark and light limestone.
Tresham was a Roman Catholic and was imprisoned for a total of fifteen years in the late 16th century for refusing to become a Protestant. On his release in 1593, he designed the Lodge as a protestation of his faith. His belief in the Holy Trinity is represented everywhere in the Lodge by the number three: it has three walls 33 feet long, each with three triangular windows and surmounted by three gargoyles. The building has three floors, upon a basement, and a triangular chimney. Three Latin texts, each 33 letters long, run around the building on each facade. The quotations are:
The windows on each floor are of different designs, all equally ornate. The largest, those on the first floor, are in the form of a trefoil, which was the emblem of the Tresham family. The basement windows are small trefoils with a triangular pane at their centre. The windows on the ground floor are of a lozenge design, each having 12 small circular openings surrounding a central cruciform slit. Heraldic shields of various families surround these windows.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the north-western coast of continental Europe. The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea.
The United Kingdom is a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system, with its seat of government in the capital city of London. It is a country in its own right and consists of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. There are three devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in Belfast, Edinburgh and Cardiff, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Associated with the UK, but not constitutionally part of it, are three Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom has fourteen overseas territories. These are remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in 1922, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface and was the largest empire in history. British influence can still be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former territories.
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United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km2) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.
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Weald
The Weald ( /ˈwiːld/), also called the Weald of Kent, is the name given to an area in South East England situated between the parallel chalk escarpments of the North and the South Downs. It should be regarded as three separate parts: the sandstone "High Weald" in the centre; the clay "Low Weald" periphery; and the Greensand Ridge which stretches around the north and west of the Weald and includes the Weald's highest points. The Weald was once a vast forest covering this area. The name, Old English in origin, signifies woodland, which still applies today: scattered farms and villages betray the Weald‘s past, often in their names.
The name "Weald" is derived from the Old English weald, meaning "forest" (cognate, German Wald). This comes from a Germanic root of the same meaning, and ultimately from Indo-European. Weald is specifically a West Saxon form; wold is the Anglian form of the word. The Middle English form of the word is wēld, and the modern spelling is a reintroduction of the Anglo-Saxon form attributed to its use by William Lambarde in his A Perambulation of Kent of 1576.
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Weekley
Coordinates: 52°25′03″N 0°41′57″W / 52.4176°N 0.6993°W / 52.4176; -0.6993
Weekley is a small village and civil parish in the English county of Northamptonshire. At the time of the 2001 census, the parish's population was 242 people. Weekley is just off the A43 road north of Kettering. It is administered as part of the borough of Kettering. Of the 56 houses in the village, 20 have thatched roofs.
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Wellingborough
Coordinates: 52°17′38″N 0°41′47″W / 52.2940°N 0.6964°W / 52.2940; -0.6964
Wellingborough is a market town and borough in Northamptonshire, England, situated some 11 miles (18 km) from the county town of Northampton. The town is situated on the north side of the River Nene, most of the older town is sited on the flanks of the hills above the river's current flood plain. Due to frequent flooding by the River Nene, the town was mostly built above the current level of the flood plain. Originally named "Wendelingburgh", the town was founded in the early 6th century Saxon period by a Saxon leader called Waendel and is mentioned in the Domesday Book under the name of "Wendelburie". The town was granted a royal market charter in 1201, by King John of England.
As of 2001[update] the census states it has a population of 46,959. The town of Wellingborough is governed by The Borough Council of Wellingborough, with their office located in the town centre. The town is twinned with Niort in France, and with Wittlich in Germany.
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Wessex
The Kingdom of Wessex ( /ˈwɛsɨks/) or Kingdom of the West Saxons (Old English: Westseaxna rīce) was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom of the West Saxons in South West England, from the 6th century until the emergence of a united English state under the Wessex dynasty in the 10th century. It was to be an earldom after Canute the Great's conquest of 1016, from 1020 to 1066. After the Norman Conquest there was a dissolution of the English earldoms and Wessex was split among the followers of William the Conqueror.
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Wooton Brook
Wootton Brook is a tributary of the River Nene which runs through Northamptonshire. The Brook joins the River Nene from the south at Upton Mill
Coordinates: 52°13′24″N 0°56′32″W / 52.2234°N 0.9422°W / 52.2234; -0.9422
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Alfred East
Sir Alfred Edward East (December 15, 1844 – September 28, 1913) was an English painter.
He was born in Kettering in Northamptonshire and studied at the Glasgow School of Art. His romantic landscapes show the influence of the Barbizon school. His The Art of Landscape Painting in Oil Colour was published in 1906. In April 1888 he had shared an exhibition at the galleries of the Fine Art Society with T.C. Gotch and W. Ayerst Ingram, and was commissioned the following year by Marcus Huish, Managing Director of the Society, to spend six months in Japan to paint the landscape and the people of the country. When the exhibition of 104 paintings from this tour was held at the Fine Art Society in 1890 it was a spectacular success.
In 1906 he was elected President of the Royal Society of British Artists, a position he held until his death.
He was awarded a Knighthood in 1910 by King Edward VII. His portrait was painted by Philip de Laszlo. The Alfred East Art Gallery in Kettering, designed by John Alfred Gotch opened on 31 July 1913. The Alfred East Gallery is Northamptonshire's oldest purpose-built art gallery.
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Alfred the Great
Alfred the Great (Old English: Ælfrēd, Ælfrǣd, "elf counsel"; 849 – 26 October 899) was King of Wessex from 871 to 899.
Alfred successfully defended his kingdom against the Viking attempt at conquest, and by his death had become the dominant ruler in England. He is the only English monarch to be accorded the epithet "the Great". Alfred was the first King of the West Saxons to style himself "King of the Anglo-Saxons". Details of his life are described in a work by the 10th century Welsh scholar and bishop Asser. Alfred was a learned and merciful man who encouraged education and improved his kingdom's legal system and military structure.
Alfred was born in the village of Wanating, now Wantage, Oxfordshire. He was the youngest son of King Æthelwulf of Wessex, by his first wife, Osburh.
In 853, at the age of four, Alfred is said to have been sent to Rome where, according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, he was confirmed by Pope Leo IV who "anointed him as king". Victorian writers interpreted this as an anticipatory coronation in preparation for his ultimate succession to the throne of Wessex. However, his succession could not have been foreseen at the time, as Alfred had three living elder brothers. A letter of Leo IV shows that Alfred was made a "consul"; a misinterpretation of this investiture, deliberate or accidental, could explain later confusion. It may also be based on Alfred's later having accompanied his father on a pilgrimage to Rome where he spent some time at the court of Charles the Bald, King of the Franks, around 854–855.
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Andrew Kooner
Andrew Singh Kooner (born May 11, 1979 in Kettering, Northamptonshire, England) is a Canadian boxer.
Andrew Kooner moved to Tecumseh, Ontario at a young age and began boxing at age 13 out of a Windsor boxing club. At the 2000 Summer Olympics he lost in the 2nd round in the flyweight division. In 1998 he won the bronze medal at the Commonwealth Games; and in 2002 he won the silver medal at the Commonwealth Games. At the 2004 Summer Olympics he finished tied for fifth in the bantamweight (54 kg) division after having qualified at the 1st AIBA American 2004 Olympic Qualifying Tournament in Tijuana, Mexico. He also defeated Juan Manuel López in the amateurs.
2000 Olympics
2004 Olympics
Kooner turned pro in 2006 and has a 10-2 Record and is the current bantamweight champion of Canada.
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Belgic
The Belgae were a group of tribes living in northern Gaul, on the west bank of the Rhine, in the 3rd century BC, and later also in Britain, and possibly even Ireland. They gave their name to the Roman province of Gallia Belgica, and very much later, to the modern country of Belgium.
The general consensus among linguists is that the ethnic name Belgae comes from the Proto-Celtic root *belg- or *bolg- meaning "to swell (particularly with anger/battle fury/etc.)", cognate with the Old English verb belgan, "to be angry" (from Proto-Germanic *balgiz), derived ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *bhelgh- "to swell, bulge, billow"). Thus, a Proto-Celtic eethnic name *Bolgī could be interpreted as "The People who Swell (particularly with anger/battle fury)".
Julius Caesar describes Gaul at the time of his conquests (58 - 51 BC) as divided into three parts, inhabited by the Aquitani in the southwest, the Gauls of the biggest central part, who in their own language were called Celtae, and the Belgae in the north. Each of these three parts were different in terms of customs, laws and language. He noted that the Belgae, being farthest from the developed civilization of Rome and closest to Germania over the Rhine, were the bravest of the three groups, because "merchants least frequently resort to them, and import those things which tend to effeminate the mind".
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Charles Dickens
Charles John Huffam Dickens ( /ˈtʃɑrlz ˈdɪkɪnz/; 7 February 1812 – 9 June 1870) was an English writer and social critic who is generally regarded as the greatest novelist of the Victorian period and the creator of some of the world's most memorable fictional characters. During his lifetime Dickens' works enjoyed unprecedented popularity and fame, but it was in the twentieth century that his literary genius was fully recognized by critics and scholars. His novels and short stories continue to enjoy an enduring popularity among the general reading public.
Born in Portsmouth, England, Dickens left school to work in a factory after his father was thrown into debtors' prison. Though he had little formal education, his early impoverishment drove him to succeed. He edited a weekly journal for 20 years, wrote 15 novels and hundreds of short stories and non-fiction articles, lectured and performed extensively, was an indefatigable letter writer, and campaigned vigorously for children's rights, education, and other social reforms.
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Clark Gable
William Clark Gable (February 1, 1901 – November 16, 1960), known as Clark Gable, was an American film actor most famous for his role as Rhett Butler in the 1939 Civil War epic film Gone with the Wind, in which he starred with Vivien Leigh. His performance earned him his third nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor; he won for It Happened One Night (1934) and was also nominated for Mutiny on the Bounty (1935). Later movies included Run Silent, Run Deep, a submarine war film, and his final film, The Misfits (1961), which paired Gable with Marilyn Monroe, also in her last screen appearance. In 1999, the American Film Institute named Gable seventh among the greatest male stars of all time. He was nicknamed 'The King of Hollywood.'
Gable appeared opposite some of the most popular actresses of the time. Joan Crawford, who was his favorite actress to work with, was partnered with Gable in eight films, Myrna Loy worked with him seven times, and he was paired with Jean Harlow in six productions. He also starred with Lana Turner in four features, and with Norma Shearer and Ava Gardner in three each. In the mid-1930s, Gable was often named the top male movie star, and second only to the top box-office draw of all, Shirley Temple.
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Danelaw
The Danelaw, as recorded in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (also known as the Danelagh; Old English: Dena lagu; Danish: Danelagen), is a historical name given to the part of England in which the laws of the "Danes" held sway and dominated those of the Anglo-Saxons. It is contrasted with "West Saxon law" and "Mercian law". The term has been extended by modern historians to be geographical. The areas that comprised the Danelaw are in northern and eastern England. The origins of the Danelaw arose from the Viking expansion of the 9th century, although the term was not used to describe a geographic area until the 11th century. With the increase in population and productivity in Scandinavia, Viking warriors, having sought treasure and glory in the nearby British Isles, "proceeded to plough and support themselves", in the words of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, for the year 876.
Danelaw is also used to describe the set of legal terms and definitions created in the treaties between the English king, Alfred the Great, and the Danish warlord, Guthrum, written following Guthrum's defeat at the Battle of Edington in 878. In 886, the Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum was formalised, defining the boundaries of their kingdoms, with provisions for peaceful relations between the English and the Vikings.
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Dukes of Buccleuch
The title Duke of Buccleuch ( /bəˈkluː/), formerly also spelt Duke of Buccleugh, was created in the Peerage of Scotland on 20 April 1663 for the Duke of Monmouth, who was the eldest illegitimate son of Charles II of Scotland, England, and Ireland and who had married Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch.
Anne was created Duchess in her own right along with her husband, so that the title was unaffected by Monmouth's attainder of 1685. It passed on to his descendants, who have successively borne the surnames Scott, Montagu-Scott, Montagu Douglas Scott and Scott again. In 1810, the 3rd Duke of Buccleuch inherited the Dukedom of Queensberry, also in the Peerage of Scotland, thus separating that title from the Marquessate of Queensberry. Thus, the holder is one of the only five people in the UK to hold two or more different dukedoms, the others being the Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay, the Duke of Hamilton and Brandon, the Duke of Argyll (who holds two dukedoms named Argyll), and the Duke of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon.
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Edgar the Peaceful
Edgar the Peaceful, or Edgar I (Old English: Ēadgār; c. 7 August 943 – 8 July 975), also called the Peaceable, was a king of England (r. 959–75). Edgar was the younger son of Edmund I of England.
Edgar was the son of Edmund I, grandson of Edward the elder, great-grandson of Alfred the Great, great-great grandson of Ethelwulf of Wessex, great-great-great grandson of Egbert of Wessex and great-great-great-great grandson of Ealhmund of Kent. His cognomen, "The Peaceable", was not necessarily a comment on the deeds of his life, for he was a strong leader, shown by his seizure of the Northumbrian and Mercian kingdoms from his older brother, Eadwig, in 958.[citation needed] A conclave of nobles held Edgar to be king north of the Thames, and Edgar aspired to succeed to the English throne.[citation needed]
Though Edgar was not a particularly peaceable man, his reign was a peaceful one. The Kingdom of England was at its height. Edgar consolidated the political unity achieved by his predecessors. By the end of Edgar's reign, England was sufficiently unified that it was unlikely to regress back to a state of division among rival kingships, as it had to an extent under Eadred's reign.
wn.com/Edgar_the_Peaceful -
Edward Sismore
Air Commodore Edward Barnes Sismore, DSO, DFC**, AFC, AE (23 June 1921 – 22 March 2012) was a British air navigator during World War II and a fighter pilot and a senior Royal Air Force officer in the post-war years and the thirteenth Commandant Royal Observer Corps between 1971 and 1973.
During his time as Commandant ROC, Sismore travelling overseas to France, Germany and Scandinavian countries, visiting similar defence warning organisations. He established a close relationship with the Luftmeldekorpsett Danish Air Reporting Corps, a unit of the country's Home Guard.
Sismore started his service as an airman in the RAFVR. However, on 29 August 1942 Flight Sergeant Sismore was given an emergency commission as a General Duties Branch Pilot Officer in the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve. Towards the end of the war, on 1 February 1945, he was awarded a permanent commission as a Flying Officer.
In February 1944 Sismore was involved in the planning of Operation Jericho but was prevented from flying with AVM Embry because of their knowledge of the plans. Operation Jericho was a low-level bombing raid on Amiens Prison in German-occupied France. The object of the raid was to free French Resistance and political prisoners who were facing imminent execution. He also participated in the successful raid in late October 1944 against the Gestapo HQ in Århus, Jutland, Denmark as navigator to Reynolds.
wn.com/Edward_Sismore -
Edwy of England
Eadwig, more rarely Edwy (941? – 1 October 959), sometimes nicknamed All-Fair or the Fair, was King of England from 955 until his death four years later. The eldest son of King Edmund and Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury, Eadwig was chosen by the nobility to succeed his uncle Eadred as King. His short reign was marked by ongoing conflicts with his family, thegns, and especially the Church, under the leadership of Saint Dunstan and Archbishop Odo.
According to one legend, the feud with Dunstan began on the day of Eadwig's consecration, when he failed to attend a meeting of nobles. When Dunstan eventually found the young monarch, he was cavorting with a noblewoman named Æthelgifu and refused to return with the bishop. Infuriated by this, Dunstan dragged Eadwig back and forced him to renounce the girl as a "strumpet". Later realizing that he had provoked the king, Dunstan fled to the apparent sanctuary of his cloister, but Eadwig, incited by Æthelgifu, followed him and plundered the monastery. Though Dunstan managed to escape, he refused to return to England until after Eadwig's death. The contemporary record of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle reports Eadwig's accession and Dunstan fleeing England - but does not explain why Dunstan fled. Thus this report of a feud between Eadwig and Dunstan could either have been based on a true incident of a political quarrel for power between a young king and powerful church officials who wished to control the king and who later spread this legend to blacken his reputation, or it could be an urban legend; the Chronicle also tells of Odo putting aside the King's marriage on the grounds Eadwig and his wife were "too related".
wn.com/Edwy_of_England -
Foederati
Foederatus ([pronunciation?]) (pl. foederati) is a Latin term whose definition and usage drifted in the time between the early Roman Republic and the end of the Western Roman Empire. Early in the history of the Roman Republic, a foederatus identified one of the tribes bound by treaty (foedus), who were neither Roman colonies nor had they been granted Roman citizenship (civitas) but were expected to provide a contingent of fighting men when trouble arose, thus were allies. The Latini tribe were considered blood allies, but the rest were federates or socii.
During the Roman republic, the friction between these treaty obligations without the corresponding benefits of Romanity led to the Social War between Romans, with a few close allies, and the disaffected Socii. A law of 90 BC (Lex Julia) offered Roman citizenship to the federate states that accepted the terms. Not all cities were prepared to be absorbed into the Roman res publica (e.g. Heraclea and Naples). Other foederati lay beyond Italy: Gades in Spain, and Massilia (Marseilles).[clarification needed]
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Henry III of England
Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272) was the son and successor of John as King of England, reigning for 56 years from 1216 until his death. His contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Æthelred the Unready. England prospered during his reign and his greatest monument is Westminster, which he made the seat of his government and where he expanded the abbey as a shrine to Edward the Confessor. He is the first of only five monarchs to reign in the Kingdom of England or its successor states for 50 years or more, the others being Edward III (1327–1377), George III (1760–1820), Victoria (1837–1901) and Elizabeth II (1952–present).
He assumed the crown under the regency of the popular William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, but the England he inherited had undergone several drastic changes in the reign of his father. He spent much of his reign fighting the barons over Magna Carta and the royal rights, and was eventually forced to call the first "parliament" in 1264. He was also unsuccessful on the Continent, where he endeavoured to re-establish English control over Normandy, Anjou, and Aquitaine.
wn.com/Henry_III_of_England -
Hugh Dennis
Peter Hugh Dennis (born 13 February 1962) is an English actor, comedian, writer, impressionist and voice-over artist, best known for being one half of Punt and Dennis with comedy partner Steve Punt and their long-running radio satire show The Now Show and his position as a permanent panellist on the TV satirical comedy show Mock The Week. He uses his middle name Hugh as his stage name because Equity already had a Peter Dennis when he first started.
Dennis, the younger of two boys, was born in Kettering, Northamptonshire and grew up in Mill Hill in North London as his father was appointed a parish vicar in London soon after his birth. His father, John Dennis later became the Bishop of Knaresborough and then of Saint Edmundsbury and Ipswich. He was educated at University College School in London. During his time at UCS, he played rugby with Will Self and was head boy in his final year. Subsequently, he was offered an exhibition at St John's College, Cambridge and read Geography. He also joined the Footlights, where he first met Punt and club president Nick Hancock and the trio collaborated on a number of projects besides the annual revue. After graduating with a first, he worked for Unilever for six years in the marketing department while performing comedy with Punt at venues including The Comedy Store on the weekends. He and Punt then formed half of the team of The Mary Whitehouse Experience on BBC Radio 1. When it the BBC commissioned the show to be into a series for BBC Two, he took a sabbatical to as the rehearsal days changed to weekdays and eventually went into comedy full-time.
wn.com/Hugh_Dennis -
Jane Clarke
Jane Elizabeth Clarke (born in 1954) is an English writer of children’s books and poetry. Her best known books include Gilbert the Great (illustrated by Charles Fuge) and Stuck in the Mud (illustrated by Garry Parsons). Jane has published over 45 books including works used for children’s reading schemes in schools.CBeebies Bedtime Stories have featured two of Jane's books, Stuck in the Mud (read by Will Mellor) and Knight Time (read by Jake Wood).Stuck in the Mud is also featured with a U.S. Scholastic Book Club edition published by Scholastic Inc. which includes a CD audio edition. This audio edition is produced by Beatstreet Productions, NYC, directed by Cheryl Smith, read by Cassandra Morris and features music composed by Michael Abbott.
Jane Clarke is a team writer on three different popular series. Dinosaur Cove (series created by Working Partners Ltd. and published by Oxford University Press),Puddle the naughtiest puppy (series created by Working Partners Ltd. and published by Ladybird Books Ltd.) and Battersea Dogs and Cats Home (created by Random House Children's Books and published by Red Fox.)
wn.com/Jane_Clarke -
John Alfred Gotch
John Alfred Gotch (1852 – 1942) was a noted British architect and architectural historian. His brother was the Pre-Raphaelite painter and illustrator Thomas Cooper Gotch, who painted his portrait.
He attended Kettering Grammar School and later studied at the University of Zürich and at King's College London.
In 1879 Gotch set up a private architectural practice in Kettering, Northamptonshire which developed into the firm Gotch & Saunders (with his partner Charles Saunders).
As well as designing many buildings (especially for the Midland Bank) Gotch had a special interest in Elizabethan and Jacobean architecture, and became a national authority on the subject through his writings.[citation needed] He was the author of nine books in this field (two of which were reissued), as well as editor of a book on the history of the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA). Apart from his renown as an architectural historian, he also achieved eminence as a public figure and representative of the architectural profession.
wn.com/John_Alfred_Gotch -
Mercia
Mercia ( /ˈmɜrsiə/, /ˈmɜrʃə/) was one of the kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy. It was centred on the valley of the River Trent and its tributaries in the region now known as the English Midlands. The name is a Latinisation of the Old English Mierce or Myrce, meaning "border people".
Mercia's neighbours included Northumbria, Powys and the kingdoms of southern Wales, Wessex, Sussex, Essex and East Anglia.
The name Mercia is still in use today by a wide range of organisations, including military units, public, commercial and voluntary bodies; and occurs as a female given name.
Mercia's exact evolution from the Anglo-Saxon invasions is more obscure than that of Northumbria, Kent, or even Wessex. Also, Mercia developed an effective political structure and adopted Christianity later than the other kingdoms. Archaeological surveys show that Angles settled the lands north of the River Thames by the 6th century. The name Mercia is Old English for "boundary folk" (see Welsh Marches), and the traditional interpretation is that the kingdom originated along the frontier between the native Welsh and the Anglo-Saxon invaders. However, P. Hunter Blair argued an alternative interpretation: that they emerged along the frontier of Northumbria and the inhabitants of the Trent river valley.
wn.com/Mercia -
Paul W. Tibbets
Paul Warfield Tibbets, Jr. (February 23, 1915 – November 1, 2007) was a brigadier general in the United States Air Force, best known for being the pilot of the Enola Gay, the first aircraft to drop an atomic bomb in the history of warfare. The bomb, code-named Little Boy, was dropped on the Japanese city of Hiroshima.
Tibbets was born in Quincy, Illinois, the son of Paul Warfield Tibbets, Sr., and Enola Gay (née Haggard) Tibbets. He was raised in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, where his father was a confections wholesaler. The family was listed there in the 1920 U.S. Federal Population Census. The 1930 census indicates that his family had relocated and was living at the time in Des Moines. Thereafter, the family moved to Miami, Florida. Tibbets graduated from Western Military Academy in Alton, Illinois and later attended the University of Florida in Gainesville and was an initiated member of the Epsilon Zeta Chapter of Sigma Nu fraternity in 1934. After his undergraduate work, Tibbets had planned on becoming an abdominal surgeon. He attended the University of Cincinnati for a year and a half, before changing his mind, and enlisting in the Army Air Corps.
wn.com/Paul_W._Tibbets -
Penda
Penda (died 15 November 655) was a 7th-century King of Mercia, the Anglo-Saxon kingdom in what is today the English Midlands. A pagan at a time when Christianity was taking hold in many of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, Penda took over the Severn Valley in 628 following the Battle of Cirencester before participating in the defeat of the powerful Northumbrian king Edwin at the Battle of Hatfield Chase in 633.
Nine years later, he defeated and killed Edwin's eventual successor, Oswald, at the Battle of Maserfield; from this point he was probably the most powerful of the Anglo-Saxon rulers of the time, laying the foundations for the Mercian supremacy over the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy. He repeatedly defeated the East Angles and drove Cenwalh the king of Wessex into exile for three years. He continued to wage war against the Bernicians of Northumbria. Thirteen years after Maserfield, he suffered a crushing defeat by Oswald's successor Oswiu and was killed at the Battle of the Winwaed in the course of a final campaign against the Bernicians.
wn.com/Penda -
Phil Sawford
Philip Andrew Sawford (born 26 June 1950) is a British Labour Party politician, who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Kettering from 1997 to 2005.
Sawford was born in Loddington, a small village in Northamptonshire just west of Kettering, in 1950. He went to Loddington CE primary school. He was educated at Kettering Grammar School and became an apprentice carpenter. He went on to become a steelworker in 1977 until the closures and mass redundancies at Corby Steelworks in 1980. Sawford won a place at Ruskin College, Oxford gaining a Diploma in 1982, and later gained a BA degree from the University of Leicester in 1985. He forged a career in training and personnel development, in parallel with his political activity in the Labour Party and as a local Councillor. He was first elected as a Desborough Town Councillor, then Kettering Borough Councillor, representing the Desborough Loatland Ward from 1977 to 1997. In 1991 Labour became the largest party on the Borough Council and Sawford became Leader of the Council. In 1995 Labour won overall control of the council and Sawford was re-elected as the council Leader, a post he held until he entered Parliament. From 1985-97, he worked for a training partnership in Wellingborough.
wn.com/Phil_Sawford -
Richard Coles
Richard Coles (born 26 March 1962) is a musician, journalist and Church of England priest. He is known for having been the multi-instrumentalist who partnered Jimmy Somerville in the 1980s band The Communards, which achieved three Top Ten hits, including the Number 1 record and best-selling single of 1986, a Hi-NRG version of "Don't Leave Me This Way". He also appears frequently on radio and television as well as in newspapers. In March 2011 he became the regular host of BBC Radio 4's Saturday Live programme.
Coles was born in Northampton, England and educated at the independent Wellingborough School (where he was a choirboy) and at the South Warwickshire College of Further Education, Department of Drama and the Liberal Arts. He later attended King's College London where he studied theology from 1990. He was later awarded an MA by research from the University of Leeds for work on the Greek text of St Paul's Epistle to the Ephesians ("not an epistle, not by St Paul and nothing to do with Ephesus".)
wn.com/Richard_Coles -
Russ Russell
Russ Russell is a British record producer, sound engineer, mixer, mastering engineer, musician and writer. He has worked all over the world and now is mostly based at Parlour Studios in the UK. He was also the guitarist in the psychedelic band Draw, and now plays in British metal band Absolute Power.
Although working in many different styles of music Russ is now mostly known for his work in rock and metal working with bands such as Napalm Death, Dimmu Borgir, The Wildhearts, The Exploited, Evile, Lock Up, Defecation, Meathook Seed, The Berzerker, The Rotted, Space Ritual, Primitive Graven Image, Absolute Power, Leng Tch'e, Nekkrosis, The Ga Ga's, Sikth, Amorphis, New Model Army, Shrapnel, Luna Riot and many more.
Latest interview at RecordProduction.com [1]
Sound on Sound Extreme Production Interview Part 1 [2] - Part 2 [3]
wn.com/Russ_Russell -
Saxon
The Saxons (Latin: Saxones, Old English: Seaxe, Old Saxon: Sahson, Low German: Sassen) were a confederation of Germanic tribes on the North German plain, who during the Middle Ages migrated to the British Isles and formed part of the Anglo-Saxons.
The Saxons were originally Ingvaeonic tribes, whose earliest known area of settlement is Northern Albingia, an area approximately that of modern Holstein. This area overlapped the area of the Angles, a tribe with which they were frequently closely linked. Saxons participated in the Germanic settlement of Britain during and after the fifth century. It is unknown how many migrated from the continent to Britain, though estimates for the total number of Anglo-Saxon settlers are around two hundred thousand. During the Middle ages, because of international Hanseatic trading routes and contingent migration during the Middle Ages, Saxons mixed with and had strong influences upon the languages and cultures of the North Germanic and Baltic and Finnic peoples, and also upon the Polabian Slavs and Pomeranian West Slavic people.
wn.com/Saxon -
Thomas Cooper Gotch
Thomas Cooper Gotch (1854–1931) was an English Pre-Raphaelite painter and book illustrator, and brother of John Alfred Gotch the noted architect.
Thomas Gotch was born in 1854 in 13 Lower St, Kettering. He came from a middle-class business family who were also distinguished scholars and artists. His father, Thomas Henry Gotch (born 1805) was a shoe maker; his mother Mary Ann (born 1817 in London Ivy Lane) married Thomas Gotch in St Saviour's Church Southwark in 1847. He was sent to a local art school, went to Antwerp (Ecole des Beaux Arts) and Paris (Jean-Paul Laurens), then studied at The Slade in London (1878-1880). In 1881 at age 26, after a long engagement, he married fellow art student Caroline Burland Yates (1854-1945).
After varied and energetic world travel, he became more and more involved with the fractious politics around the resistance to the domination of the Royal Academy of Art, and was a founder member of the New English Art Club.
Gotch and his wife settled at the Newlyn artists' colony in Cornwall, from around 1887, although they had previously visited as early as 1880. There he founded the Newlyn Industrial Classes, where the local youth could learn the arts & crafts. He also helped to set up the Newlyn Art Gallery, and served on its committee all his life. He founded (1887) and later served as President (1913-1928) of the Royal British Colonial Society of Artists. Among his friends in Newlyn were fellow artists Stanhope Forbes and Albert Chevallier Tayler.
wn.com/Thomas_Cooper_Gotch -
Thomas Tresham II
Sir Thomas Tresham (1534 - 11 September 1605) was a Catholic recusant politician at the end of the Tudor dynasty and the start of the Stuart dynasty in England.
Inheriting large estates at the age of 15 from his grandfather, Thomas Tresham I, he had a privileged start to adult life. He was widely regarded as a clever and well educated man, moving in the highest social circles. He was acquainted with William Cecil, the Secretary of State to Queen Elizabeth, and Sir Christopher Hatton, the Lord Chancellor.
Thomas Tresham served as High Sheriff of Northamptonshire for 1573 and was knighted at the Queen's Royal Progress at Kenilworth in 1575. Sir Thomas enjoyed a lavish lifestyle, and frequently entertained large numbers of friends and acquaintances. His Catholic religion burdened him frequently with debt and fines. At a time when Queen Elizabeth was anxious about the Catholic threat posed by Spain and by her cousin Mary, Queen of Scots, nonconformists were targets for persecution. Between 1581 and 1605, Tresham paid penalties totalling just under £8,000. (£1,240,000 as of 2012),. These heavy financial demands created spiralling debts, with borrowing as his only resource. Tresham's credit never fully recovered. For a landowner who sought personally to direct all matters of estate management, his effective status as a hostage, seized by the government whenever Catholic nations sought to menace the kingdom, was a severe imposition.
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Wessex
The Kingdom of Wessex ( /ˈwɛsɨks/) or Kingdom of the West Saxons (Old English: Westseaxna rīce) was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom of the West Saxons in South West England, from the 6th century until the emergence of a united English state under the Wessex dynasty in the 10th century. It was to be an earldom after Canute the Great's conquest of 1016, from 1020 to 1066. After the Norman Conquest there was a dissolution of the English earldoms and Wessex was split among the followers of William the Conqueror.
wn.com/Wessex -
William Knibb
William Knibb (7 September 1803 - 15 November 1845) was an English Baptist minister and missionary to Jamaica, is chiefly known for his work to free slaves.
Knibb's elder brother Thomas was a missionary-schoolmaster in Jamaica. When Thomas died at 24, William volunteered to replace him. A dedication service was held in Bristol on 7 October 1824, two days after he had married Mary Watkins (or Watkis). The newly-weds sailed to Jamaica on 5 November 1824. William was aged just 21.
Knibb found six English Baptist missionaries, African-Caribbean Baptist deacons, and thriving congregations already in Jamaica when he arrived. Together they were following the pioneering work of the African preacher George Lisle, a former slave from Virginia who had arrived in 1782 and founded a Baptist church in Kingston. Knibb began work as the schoolmaster of the Baptist mission school in Kingston and worked closely with fellow missionaries Thomas Burchell and James Phillippo, who formed a trio. In 1828 he moved to Savanna-la-Mar. In 1830 he became the minister responsible for the Baptist church at Falmouth, which had regular congregations of 600 when he arrived. He remained there as minister until he died.
wn.com/William_Knibb
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The Antlers Kettering
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:14
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
The second track from their album Hospice.
http://wn.com/The_Antlers_Kettering
The Antlers - Kettering (music video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:40
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
Animation by Davey Todd daveytodd.com Music by The Antlers - "Kettering" from the album Hospice.
http://wn.com/The_Antlers_Kettering_music_video
Animation by Davey Todd daveytodd.com Music by The Antlers - "Kettering" from the album Hospice.
- published: 11 Nov 2009
- views: 549945
- author: whatisadavid
The Antlers - Kettering (w lyrics)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:12
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
I had to upload this song because it reminds me of something that was a stupid mistake.
http://wn.com/The_Antlers_Kettering_w_lyrics
I had to upload this song because it reminds me of something that was a stupid mistake.
- published: 16 Mar 2010
- views: 132971
- author: raphaelvertwodotone
Kettering CCTV Footage #1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:53
- Updated: 23 Jul 2012
NEVER SEEN BEFORE BY GENERAL PUBLIC! Enjoy a rare selection of CCTV clips taken from various cameras located around Kettering, Northamptonshire. From drunken fights to violent Police arrests - these clips have it all. If you have any clips that we can use to make our next set of videos please email us: opensecurity@hotmail.co.uk Please share, rate and review all our clips which currently consist of 2 Kettering videos and 6 from Corby Town Centre Security.
http://wn.com/Kettering_CCTV_Footage_1
NEVER SEEN BEFORE BY GENERAL PUBLIC! Enjoy a rare selection of CCTV clips taken from various cameras located around Kettering, Northamptonshire. From drunken fights to violent Police arrests - these clips have it all. If you have any clips that we can use to make our next set of videos please email us: opensecurity@hotmail.co.uk Please share, rate and review all our clips which currently consist of 2 Kettering videos and 6 from Corby Town Centre Security.
- published: 08 Jul 2011
- views: 4650
- author: opensecurityvideos
FLASH MOB - The great freeze of Kettering
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:47
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
This was a test on how well I could organize a group of people together using only the social network site, Facebook. I decided that on the 12/12/09 at 12:12pm we would go into the Kettering town centre, and perform a freeze, and see what type of reactions we could get from the people walking around. In the end, we enjoyed it so much, that we ended up making new ideas up as we went along, such as freezing in GAME, and the Clock tower freeze. Thankyou to everyone who arrived, and helped set up this event, it worked out very well.
http://wn.com/FLASH_MOB_The_great_freeze_of_Kettering
This was a test on how well I could organize a group of people together using only the social network site, Facebook. I decided that on the 12/12/09 at 12:12pm we would go into the Kettering town centre, and perform a freeze, and see what type of reactions we could get from the people walking around. In the end, we enjoyed it so much, that we ended up making new ideas up as we went along, such as freezing in GAME, and the Clock tower freeze. Thankyou to everyone who arrived, and helped set up this event, it worked out very well.
- published: 13 Dec 2009
- views: 8114
- author: Oliver Dexter
The Antlers - Kettering @Spinner Interface
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:55
- Updated: 03 Dec 2012
http://wn.com/The_Antlers_Kettering_@Spinner_Interface
The Antlers @ Sound Fix Records
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:46
- Updated: 30 Apr 2012
The Antlers perform "Kettering" to open their CMJ Sound Fix instore
http://wn.com/The_Antlers_@_Sound_Fix_Records
The Antlers perform "Kettering" to open their CMJ Sound Fix instore
- published: 25 Oct 2009
- views: 1726
- author: PopTartsSuckToasted
Flint's Kettering student builds , drives own tank
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:19
- Updated: 02 Dec 2012
Kettering University student Will Foster builds half-scale Panzer. Learn more about the tankfrom The Flint Journal
http://wn.com/Flint's_Kettering_student_builds_,_drives_own_tank
Kettering University student Will Foster builds half-scale Panzer. Learn more about the tankfrom The Flint Journal
- published: 02 Apr 2008
- views: 535323
- author: mlivevideo
Go Skateboarding Day 2008 DC Skate Plaza Kettering, Ohio
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:00
- Updated: 28 Nov 2012
Go Skateboarding Day 2008 DC Skate Plaza Nick Mullins Takes it all home... Filmed/Edited by Steve Staffan
http://wn.com/Go_Skateboarding_Day_2008_DC_Skate_Plaza_Kettering,_Ohio
Go Skateboarding Day 2008 DC Skate Plaza Nick Mullins Takes it all home... Filmed/Edited by Steve Staffan
- published: 23 Jun 2008
- views: 107716
- author: cky2k04
ELEMENT "KETTERING" MAKE IT COUNT - 2012 INTERNATIONAL SKATE CONTEST SERIES
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:48
- Updated: 03 Dec 2012
On June 2nd, the Kettering Skate Plaza in Ohio was buzzing with energy for the MAKE IT COUNT contest. While a majority of entrants, big and small ripped all day, it was Dustin Blauvelt who came out on top, and earned a trip to finals. Congrats Dustin, you killed it! Dustin will join other contest winners from all over the world at the finals at Element YMCA Camp in August, along with a trip to The Berrics. OVERALL WINNER Dustin Blauvelt ZONE 1 13 & under - Luke Zimkew 14 & up/sponsored - Dustin Blauvelt ZONE 2 13 & under - Austin Bland 14 & up/sponsored - Mike Krok HIGH OLLIE BAR CHAMP Mike Krok (38") Music by: Loren Humphrey "Eight is Enough"
http://wn.com/ELEMENT_KETTERING_MAKE_IT_COUNT_2012_INTERNATIONAL_SKATE_CONTEST_SERIES
On June 2nd, the Kettering Skate Plaza in Ohio was buzzing with energy for the MAKE IT COUNT contest. While a majority of entrants, big and small ripped all day, it was Dustin Blauvelt who came out on top, and earned a trip to finals. Congrats Dustin, you killed it! Dustin will join other contest winners from all over the world at the finals at Element YMCA Camp in August, along with a trip to The Berrics. OVERALL WINNER Dustin Blauvelt ZONE 1 13 & under - Luke Zimkew 14 & up/sponsored - Dustin Blauvelt ZONE 2 13 & under - Austin Bland 14 & up/sponsored - Mike Krok HIGH OLLIE BAR CHAMP Mike Krok (38") Music by: Loren Humphrey "Eight is Enough"
- published: 25 Jun 2012
- views: 9552
- author: elementvideochannel
Memorial Sloan-Kettering and IBM Watson to Advance Cancer Care.mov
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:08
- Updated: 15 Oct 2012
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and IBM will collaborate on a powerful tool built upon IBM Watson to provide medical professionals with improved access to current and comprehensive cancer data and practices. The resulting decision support system will help doctors everywhere create individualized cancer diagnostic and treatment recommendations for their patients based on current evidence.
http://wn.com/Memorial_Sloan-Kettering_and_IBM_Watson_to_Advance_Cancer_Caremov
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and IBM will collaborate on a powerful tool built upon IBM Watson to provide medical professionals with improved access to current and comprehensive cancer data and practices. The resulting decision support system will help doctors everywhere create individualized cancer diagnostic and treatment recommendations for their patients based on current evidence.
- published: 22 Mar 2012
- views: 8872
- author: IBMSocialMedia
Kettering "Bug" Aerial Torpedo
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:25
- Updated: 17 Nov 2012
The Kettering Bug was an aerial torpedo, the forerunner of what today is considered a UAV or a cruise missile. It was capable of striking ground targets up to 75 miles (120 km) from its launch point. The prototype Bug was completed and delivered to the Aviation Section of the US Army Signal Corps in 1918, near the end of World War I. The first flight on October 2, 1918 was a failure: the plane climbed too steeply after takeoff, stalled and crashed. Subsequent flights were successful, and the aircraft was demonstrated to Army personnel at Dayton. "The Kettering Bug had 2 successes on 6 attempts at Dayton, 1 of 4 at Amityville, and 4 of 14 at Carlstrom." Despite some successes during initial testing, the war ended before the Bug could enter combat. By that time, about 45 Bugs had been produced. The aircraft and its technology remained a secret until World War II. During the 1920s, what was now the US Army Air Service continued to experiment with the aircraft until funding was withdrawn. A full-size reproduction of a Bug is on permanent display at the National Museum of the United States Air Force in Dayton, Ohio. From April 1917 to March 1920 the US Government spent about $275000 on the Kettering Bug.
http://wn.com/Kettering_Bug_Aerial_Torpedo
The Kettering Bug was an aerial torpedo, the forerunner of what today is considered a UAV or a cruise missile. It was capable of striking ground targets up to 75 miles (120 km) from its launch point. The prototype Bug was completed and delivered to the Aviation Section of the US Army Signal Corps in 1918, near the end of World War I. The first flight on October 2, 1918 was a failure: the plane climbed too steeply after takeoff, stalled and crashed. Subsequent flights were successful, and the aircraft was demonstrated to Army personnel at Dayton. "The Kettering Bug had 2 successes on 6 attempts at Dayton, 1 of 4 at Amityville, and 4 of 14 at Carlstrom." Despite some successes during initial testing, the war ended before the Bug could enter combat. By that time, about 45 Bugs had been produced. The aircraft and its technology remained a secret until World War II. During the 1920s, what was now the US Army Air Service continued to experiment with the aircraft until funding was withdrawn. A full-size reproduction of a Bug is on permanent display at the National Museum of the United States Air Force in Dayton, Ohio. From April 1917 to March 1920 the US Government spent about $275000 on the Kettering Bug.
- published: 28 Jul 2009
- views: 1999
- author: jaglavaksoldier
Dr. Nancy Lee, Radiation Oncologist -- Sloan-Kettering
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:36
- Updated: 28 Nov 2012
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center radiation oncologist Nancy Lee gives patients with head and neck cancer new hope using a technology called IMRT (intensity-modulated radiation therapy). Patient John McPeak and Dr. Lee describe how she used this targeted approach to completely eliminate a tumor at the base of his tongue, while also preserving both his speech and his quality of life. Learn more about treatment for head and neck cancer at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. www.mskcc.org
http://wn.com/Dr_Nancy_Lee,_Radiation_Oncologist_-_Sloan-Kettering
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center radiation oncologist Nancy Lee gives patients with head and neck cancer new hope using a technology called IMRT (intensity-modulated radiation therapy). Patient John McPeak and Dr. Lee describe how she used this targeted approach to completely eliminate a tumor at the base of his tongue, while also preserving both his speech and his quality of life. Learn more about treatment for head and neck cancer at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. www.mskcc.org
- published: 15 Sep 2010
- views: 4947
- author: mskcc
Kettering Vintage Rally and Steam Fayre 2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:28
- Updated: 10 Nov 2012
Photos of the event can be found here: rhobbs.co.uk Kettering Vintage Rally & Steam Fayre 2011, held at Cranford.
http://wn.com/Kettering_Vintage_Rally_and_Steam_Fayre_2011
Photos of the event can be found here: rhobbs.co.uk Kettering Vintage Rally & Steam Fayre 2011, held at Cranford.
- published: 21 Oct 2011
- views: 1727
- author: fishsponge
The Society of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center 2009 Ball
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:01
- Updated: 22 Mar 2012
The Society of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City held a fundraising ball in May of 2009 to raise money for MSKCC programs. This was the featured video. For more information on the society, visit www.mskcc.org
http://wn.com/The_Society_of_Memorial_Sloan_Kettering_Cancer_Center_2009_Ball
The Society of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City held a fundraising ball in May of 2009 to raise money for MSKCC programs. This was the featured video. For more information on the society, visit www.mskcc.org
- published: 05 Jun 2009
- views: 5160
- author: Aaron Horn
Wrexham 4 Kettering Town 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:11
- Updated: 09 Aug 2012
Stricken Kettering put up a bravre fight, but a dream league debut for Jay Colbeck eventually sweeps them away.
http://wn.com/Wrexham_4_Kettering_Town_1
Stricken Kettering put up a bravre fight, but a dream league debut for Jay Colbeck eventually sweeps them away.
- published: 22 Jan 2012
- views: 4259
- author: cpdwrecsam
Romney speaks at storm relief event in Kettering
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:54
- Updated: 04 Dec 2012
Romney speaks at storm relief event in Kettering
http://wn.com/Romney_speaks_at_storm_relief_event_in_Kettering
Grove City High School Marching Band - Kettering Classic Invitational 2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:00
- Updated: 26 Nov 2012
The Grove City High School Marching Band performs its 2011 competition show - American Songs of Inspiration - at the 2011 Kettering Classic Invitational, Kettering (OH) Fairmont High School.
http://wn.com/Grove_City_High_School_Marching_Band_Kettering_Classic_Invitational_2011
The Grove City High School Marching Band performs its 2011 competition show - American Songs of Inspiration - at the 2011 Kettering Classic Invitational, Kettering (OH) Fairmont High School.
- published: 09 Oct 2011
- views: 2587
- author: brband64
Ovarian Cancer Vaccine Update -- Sloan-Kettering
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 22:17
- Updated: 21 Jan 2012
New vaccines that mobilize the immune system against cancer cells may offer a new approach to preventing the recurrence of ovarian cancer. Medical oncologist Paul Sabbatini discusses several new vaccines in development at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. The vaccines recognize certain substances found on the surface of ovarian cancer cells and either attack them directly or cause an immune response that selectively destroys them. For more information, please visit www.mskcc.org
http://wn.com/Ovarian_Cancer_Vaccine_Update_-_Sloan-Kettering
New vaccines that mobilize the immune system against cancer cells may offer a new approach to preventing the recurrence of ovarian cancer. Medical oncologist Paul Sabbatini discusses several new vaccines in development at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. The vaccines recognize certain substances found on the surface of ovarian cancer cells and either attack them directly or cause an immune response that selectively destroys them. For more information, please visit www.mskcc.org
- published: 21 Sep 2010
- views: 1169
- author: mskcc
Advances in Thyroid Cancer Treatment -- Sloan-Kettering
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 17:20
- Updated: 05 Nov 2012
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center specialists in endocrinology, surgery, and radiology discuss the latest approaches to diagnosing and treating thyroid cancer, and reducing the risk of recurrence. For more information, please visit www.mskcc.org
http://wn.com/Advances_in_Thyroid_Cancer_Treatment_-_Sloan-Kettering
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center specialists in endocrinology, surgery, and radiology discuss the latest approaches to diagnosing and treating thyroid cancer, and reducing the risk of recurrence. For more information, please visit www.mskcc.org
- published: 14 Jul 2010
- views: 1676
- author: mskcc
Go Skateboarding Day 2007 - Kettering Skate Plaza
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:17
- Updated: 21 Nov 2012
www.bnqt.com Kettering, Ohio is officially a skate paradise. Rob Dyrdek and DC Shoes teamed up to build the nation's first true street skate park. Naturally, Rob had to stop in on Go Skateboarding Day and he brought his friends with him. Sean Malto, Devine Calloway(who was hurt and couldn't ride, too bad for all of us), Steve Berra, and Diesel himself made it pop. The local rippers got down to business and before the day was through Rob managed to make it rain something proper, throwing 5000 dollars he won from Berra on a bet into the crowd, causing utter madness to ensue. And as always, Banquet was there to record all the goods so here it is, all neat and tidy and topped with a bow. A 5000 dollar bow.
http://wn.com/Go_Skateboarding_Day_2007_Kettering_Skate_Plaza
www.bnqt.com Kettering, Ohio is officially a skate paradise. Rob Dyrdek and DC Shoes teamed up to build the nation's first true street skate park. Naturally, Rob had to stop in on Go Skateboarding Day and he brought his friends with him. Sean Malto, Devine Calloway(who was hurt and couldn't ride, too bad for all of us), Steve Berra, and Diesel himself made it pop. The local rippers got down to business and before the day was through Rob managed to make it rain something proper, throwing 5000 dollars he won from Berra on a bet into the crowd, causing utter madness to ensue. And as always, Banquet was there to record all the goods so here it is, all neat and tidy and topped with a bow. A 5000 dollar bow.
- published: 06 Jul 2007
- views: 113676
- author: bnqt
Lymph Nodes in Thyroid Cancer -- Sloan-Kettering
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:47
- Updated: 18 Oct 2012
Unlike in many other cancers, the spread of thyroid cancer to the lymph nodes has very little impact on survival in most patients, say thyroid cancer experts at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. Lymph nodes that look suspicious may be removed during thyroid surgery, but in most cases, this does not affect the outcome of treatment. For more information, please visit www.mskcc.org
http://wn.com/Lymph_Nodes_in_Thyroid_Cancer_-_Sloan-Kettering
Unlike in many other cancers, the spread of thyroid cancer to the lymph nodes has very little impact on survival in most patients, say thyroid cancer experts at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. Lymph nodes that look suspicious may be removed during thyroid surgery, but in most cases, this does not affect the outcome of treatment. For more information, please visit www.mskcc.org
- published: 15 Jul 2010
- views: 2407
- author: mskcc
Kettering Alter's Chris Borland Makes a Flying Tackle
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:18
- Updated: 04 Dec 2012
2008 Kettering Alter Linebacker (Senior Captain) Chris Borland shows why the Univ. of Wisconsin gave him a full ride without Chris ever having played a single down on varsity defense. This is a play of athletic beauty!
http://wn.com/Kettering_Alter's_Chris_Borland_Makes_a_Flying_Tackle
2008 Kettering Alter Linebacker (Senior Captain) Chris Borland shows why the Univ. of Wisconsin gave him a full ride without Chris ever having played a single down on varsity defense. This is a play of athletic beauty!
- published: 23 Aug 2008
- views: 139947
- author: AlterFootballRocks
photo: AP / Reed Saxon
10 Dec 2012
The wreckage of a small plane believed to be carrying Mexican-American singing superstar Jenni Rivera has been found in northern Mexico and there are no apparent survivors, authorities said. Transportation and Communications Minister Gerardo Ruiz Esparza said on Sunday that "everything points toward" it being the US-registered Learjet 25 carrying Rivera and six other people from Monterrey en route to Toluca, Mexico ... 192 Source. ... Share ... ....(size: 17.5Kb)
photo: AP / Bullit Marquez
11 Dec 2012
The death toll brought about by typhoon “Pablo” continued to rise with 714 persons confirmed dead by the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) yesterday while those missing ballooned to 890 as massive search, retrieval and relief operations continue in the typhoon-ravaged areas in Mindanao ... 4 ... They were subsequently brought to Caraga Regional Hospital ... (NHMFC) (P100,000) ... With AFP ....(size: 5.4Kb)
photo: USAF / Staff Sgt. Jonathan Lovelady
10 Dec 2012
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. In the desert of central Australia still resides a primitive tribe known as the Arunta. This non-technological and stateless group, which mainly depends on hunting and gathering, had suffered several inexplicable deaths ... Therefore, they organized an atinga, or revenge group ... When the guiltless tribe learned of their approach, they sent out a delegation of young women as a token of peace....(size: 5.8Kb)
photo: AP / Ahn Young-joon
12 Dec 2012
North Korea defied international warnings and fired a long-range rocket on Wednesday, the second launch under its new leader and a clear sign Pyongyang is pushing forward with its quest to develop the technology needed to deliver a nuclear warhead ... But South Korea and Japan said they couldn’t immediately confirm that ... officials could determine whether a North Korean satellite was circling the Earth ... Kim said ... Keywords....(size: 2.7Kb)
photo: AP / Todd Williamson
10 Dec 2012
MÉXICO, D.F., diciembre 9 (EL UNIVERSAL).- La Voz México, programa de talentos de Televisa, confirmó la muerte de la cantante Jenni Rivera, a través de su Twitter. "Que toquen fuerte las bandas, suelten por mí mariposas, apláudanme con sus palmas... http.//twitpic.com/bkmhl0 .Descanse en paz Jenni Rivera" ... Además, anunció un homenaje luctuoso dedicado a la cantante ... Descanse en Paz" ... ....(size: 2.1Kb)
Springfield News-Sun
13 Dec 2012
“We have every sporting package known to man, so we will be able to provide sporting (events),” said Greg Saul, general manager of the Kettering Buffalo Wild Wings location....(size: 2.7Kb)
noodls
12 Dec 2012
Kettering University) ... Two Kettering entrepreneurs, current student Austin Lawrence and 2010 graduate Brian Falther, are working on a similar social experience based on farming ... Along with the Start Garden seed investment, Falther and Lawrence have also received funding from the Kettering Entrepreneur Society and the Awesome Foundation ... phayes@kettering.edu....(size: 5.9Kb)
The Business Review
12 Dec 2012
Dayton Business Journal. Date ... Charles Scriven. , president of Kettering College, will retire in May, after leading the college for more than 12 years ... “All of these achievements do not fully capture the measure of Chuck’s leadership at the college,” said , president of , which owns and operates Kettering College. “Dr ... Kettering College is the 11th-largest college or university in the Dayton region, according to DBJ research ... Sign Up Now ... .....(size: 8.4Kb)
Dayton Daily News
12 Dec 2012
on a report of a working structure fire found a fire in the basement and the lone occupant outside, Kettering Assistant Fire Chief Tom Butts said ... ....(size: 0.7Kb)
Dayton Daily News
12 Dec 2012
Kettering resident Julie Stoermer, 22, is making an impression with her photography skills. One of her photos was recently displayed at The Art Of Photography Show in San Diego. “I grew up always loving art and I found that photography was a great way to capture a moment,” Stoermer said. “I really love film photography; I’ve always been drawn to it.” ... ....(size: 1.8Kb)
Dayton Daily News
12 Dec 2012
The Kettering Rotary Club presented the department with 100 pairs of SAR Lights, a safety flashlight that attaches to the helmet ... Interestingly, the lights were invented by a former Kettering Firefighter, Dale Booher, who served on the force for 27 years, 22 of them as a captain ... in the City of Kettering,” she said....(size: 1.7Kb)
The Examiner
12 Dec 2012
Kehl Lake Natural Area Guided Walk-Saturday, December 29th, 10am. December 29th, 2012 at 10.00am — ... January 20th, 2013 at 2.00pm — ... Join guides Ann McInnis, Ed Ketterer, and Janet Ward for a tracking adventure to discover the myriad wintertime activities of our resident wildlife ... Join docents Ann McInnis and Ed Ketterer in a search for the early songbird migrants, waterfowl, spring wildflowers, and (if we are lucky) migrating raptors ... ....(size: 3.8Kb)
Business Wire
12 Dec 2012
MIAMI--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Nearly 600 party-goers streamed into the JW Marriott Marquis Miami and Hotel Beaux Arts in downtown Miami for the 20th Anniversary Gala Celebration of UHealth’s Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center on Saturday evening, December 8 ... Nimer, M.D., who became Director of Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center six months ago, after spending nearly 20 years at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center ... and Virginia W ... ....(size: 5.2Kb)
BBC News
12 Dec 2012
But the League One club, who claim the rent is too high, are still keen to negotiate a new agreement ... One report even suggested that the Sky Blues, who averaged 15,000 gates in the Championship last season and are still bringing in an average of around 10,500 in League One, might consider a 90-mile round trip for home games at the 6,500-capacity Nene Park, home of the now disbanded Rushden & Diamonds and latterly Kettering Town ... ....(size: 6.0Kb)
The Columbus Dispatch
12 Dec 2012
The Daily Briefing. Husted said it's easy to vote in Ohio and fraud is rare. Buckeye Forum Podcast. The Dispatch public affairs team talks politics and tackles state and federal government issues in the Buckeye Forum podcast. Your Right to Know ... Dispatch file photo ... “We are asking them to supply the details,” said Senate Education Chairwoman Peggy Lehner, R-Kettering ... ccandisky@dispatch.com. @ccandisky. ....(size: 5.9Kb)
noodls
12 Dec 2012
(Source. Chicago Fire). With few days left in the year, we here at Chicago-Fire.com thought it appropriate to take a look back on 10 of the Most Memorable of what turned out to be a very successful year ... Some are club-wide and as the Team Writer, others are of a more personal nature but rest assured that all were special. ... WATCH ... That goal would be the first of eight that led to the Kettering, Ohio product's third Fire Golden Boot....(size: 4.6Kb)
noodls
12 Dec 2012
(Source. England Hockey). FINALISTS in last season's Maxifuel Super Sixes Championships, Leicester and Reading are due to meet for the first time in this year's action-packed women's tournament at Bromsgrove School on Sunday ... With the top four teams progressing to the semi finals in Kettering on 12 January, all sides know the importance of starting well in the high-octane competition ... "But indoor hockey is a funny game ... December 15 2012....(size: 4.4Kb)
The Guardian
12 Dec 2012
The possibility of playing home matches 45 miles from Coventry sees Sky Blues reach crisis point. A steward takes a rest on one of the many empty seats at Coventry's Ricoh Arena where attendances continue to fall. Photograph. Pa Wire/PA ... It has proved an ill-fated switch ... A potential new location for matches could be Nene Park, the former home of Rushden & Diamonds, and Kettering Town ... It simply said. "What is to become of our club?". ....(size: 7.0Kb)
This article is about Kettering in England. For other uses, see Kettering (disambiguation).
Coordinates: 52°23′35″N 0°43′23″W / 52.39312°N 0.72292°W / 52.39312; -0.72292
| Kettering | |
 Part of pedestrianised Kettering High Street |
|
 Kettering
Kettering shown within Northamptonshire |
|
| Population | 51,063 [1] (2001 Census) |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference | SP8778 |
| - London | 81 miles (130 km) |
| District | Kettering |
| Shire county | Northamptonshire |
| Region | East Midlands |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | KETTERING |
| Postcode district | NN15, NN16 |
| Dialling code | 01536 |
| Police | Northamptonshire |
| Fire | Northamptonshire |
| Ambulance | East Midlands |
| EU Parliament | East Midlands |
| UK Parliament | Kettering |
| Website | http://www.kettering.gov.uk/ |
| List of places: UK • England • Northamptonshire | |
Kettering is a market town in the Borough of Kettering, Northamptonshire, England. It is situated about 81 miles (130 km) from London. Kettering is mainly situated on the west side of the River Ise, a tributary of the River Nene which meets at Wellingborough. Originally named Cytringan, Kyteringas and Keteiringan in the 10th century, the name Kettering is now taken to mean 'the place (or territory) of Ketter's people (or kinsfolk)'.[2]
As of the last census in 2001, the borough has a population of 81,844[3] whilst the town proper had a population of 51,063[1] and the town is twinned with Lahnstein, Germany and Kettering, Ohio, in the United States. Being part of the Milton Keynes South Midlands (MKSM) study area along with other towns in Northamptonshire, the town is due to get around 6,000 additional homes mainly to the east of the town.[4] The town, like other towns in the area, has a growing commuter population as it is located on the Midland Main Line railway, which has fast InterCity trains directly into London St Pancras International taking around 1 hour. This gives an interchange with Eurostar services to Continental Europe.[5]
Contents |
Early history[link]
Once believed obscure, the placename Kettering is now taken to mean 'the place (or territory) of Ketter's people (or kinsfolk)'.[2] Spelt variously Cytringan, Kyteringas and Keteiringan in the 10th century, although the origin of the name appears to have baffled place-name scholars in the 1930s, words and place-names ending with 'ing' usually derive from the Anglo-Saxon or Old English word inga or ingas meaning 'the people of the' or 'tribe'.
Before the Romans the Kettering area, like much of Northamptonshire’s prehistoric countryside, appears to have remained somewhat intractable with regards to early human occupation, resulting in an apparently sparse population and relatively few finds from the Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic periods.[6] About 500 BC the Iron Age was introduced into the area by a continental people in the form of the Hallstatt culture,[7] and over the next century a series of hillforts was constructed, the closest to Kettering being at nearby Irthlingborough.
Roman[link]
Like most of what later became Northamptonshire, from early in the 1st century BC the Kettering area became part of the territory of the Catuvellauni, a Belgic tribe, the Northamptonshire area forming their most northerly possession.[7] The Catuvellauni were in turn conquered by the Romans in 43 AD.
The town traces its origins to an early, unwalled Romano British settlement, the remnants of which lie under the northern part of the modern town. Occupied until the 4th century AD, there is evidence that a substantial amount of iron-smelting took place on the site.[8] Along with the Forest of Dean and the Weald of Kent and Sussex, this area of Northamptonshire "was one of the three great centres of iron-working in Roman Britain".[8] The settlement reached as far as the Weekley and Geddington parishes. However it is felt unlikely that the site was continuously occupied from the Romano British into the Anglo-Saxon era.[9] Pottery kilns have also been unearthed at nearby Barton Seagrave and Boughton.
Saxon[link]
Excavations in the early 20th century either side of Stamford road (A43), near the site of the former Prime Cut factory,(now The Warren public house) revealed an extensive early Saxon burial site, consisting of at least a hundred cremation urns dating to the 5th century AD. This suggests that it may have been among the earliest Anglo-Saxon penetrations into the interior of what later became England. The prefix ‘Wic-’ of the nearby village of Weekley may also signify Anglo-Saxon activities in the area; Greenall reports that it could be "an indication of foederati, Anglo-Saxon mercenaries brought in to boost the defences of the Empire."[8] This was established imperial policy, which the Romano British continued after Rome withdrew from Britain around 410 AD, with disastrous consequences for the Romano-Britons.
By the 7th century the lands that would eventually become Northamptonshire formed part of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Mercia.[10] The Mercians converted to Christianity in 654 AD with the death of the pagan king Penda.[11] From about 889 the Kettering area, along with much of Northamptonshire (and at one point almost all of England except for Athelney marsh in Somerset), was conquered by the Danes and became part of the Danelaw, with the ancient trackway of Watling Street serving as the border, until being recaptured by the English under the Wessex king Edward the Elder, son of Alfred the Great, in 917. Northamptonshire was conquered again in 940, this time by the Vikings of York, who devastated the area, only for the county to be retaken by the English in 942.[12]
It is unlikely however that Kettering itself existed as a village earlier than the 10th century (the county of Northampton itself is not referenced in documents before 1011).[13] Before this time the Kettering area was most likely populated by a thin scattering of family farmsteads.[8] The first historical reference of Kettering is in a charter of 956 AD in which King Edwy granted ten "cassati" of land to Aelfsige the Goldsmith. The boundaries delineated in this charter would have been recognisable to most inhabitants for the last thousand years and can still be walked today. It is possible that Aelfsige the Goldsmith gave Kettering to the monastery of Peterborough, as King Edgar in a charter dated 972 confirmed it to that monastery.
Medieval[link]
At the Domesday survey in 1086, Kettering manor is listed as held by the Abbey of Peterborough, the church owning 10 hides of land. Kettering was valued at £11, with land for 16 ploughs. There were 107 acres (0.43 km2) of meadow, 3 of woodland, 2 mills, 31 villans with 10 ploughs, and 1 female slave.[14]
The nearby stately home of Boughton House, sometimes described as the 'English Versailles'[15] has for centuries been the seat of the Dukes of Buccleuch, major landowners in Kettering and most of the surrounding villages; along with the Watsons of Rockingham Castle, the two families were joint lords of the manor of Kettering.[16]
Kettering is dominated by the crocketed spire of about 180 feet (55 m) of the Parish church of SS Peter and Paul. Little is known of the origins of the church, its first known priest becoming rector in 1219-20. The chancel is in the Early Decorated style of about 1300, the main fabric of the building being mostly Perpendicular, having been rebuilt in the mid 15th century (its tower and spire being remarkably similar to the tower and spire at Oundle). Whether the current building replaced an earlier church on the site is unknown.[7] Two medieval wall paintings, one of two angels with feathered wings, and one of a now faded saint, can still be seen inside the church.[17]
The charter for Kettering's market was granted to the Bishop of Peterborough by Henry III in 1227. In April 1986 the bus station was relocated away from the market area to the Newland Street entrance of the modern Newlands shopping centre, causing a fatal decline in market trade. The ancient market place has since been abandoned. Attempts to revive the market as a small scale street market have met with little welcome from local shops and stores.[citation needed]
17th century[link]
In June 1607 at the nearby village of Newton, the Newton Rebellion broke out,[18] causing a brief uprising known as the Midland Revolt, which involved several nearby villages. Protesting at land enclosures at Newton and Pytchley by local landlords the Treshams, on 8 June a pitched battle took place between Levellers - many from Kettering, Corby and particularly Weldon,[19] - and local gentry and their servants (local militias having refused the call to arms). Approximately 40-50 local men are said to have been killed and the ringleaders hanged, drawn and quartered. The Newton rebellion represents one of the last times that the English peasantry and the gentry were in open conflict. By the 17th century the town was a centre for woollen cloth.
Recent history[link]
The present town grew up in the 19th century with the development of the boot and shoe industry, for which Northamptonshire as a whole became famous. Many large homes in both the Headlands and Rockingham Road were built for factory owners while terraced streets provided accommodation for the workers. The industry has markedly declined since the 1970s,[17] large footwear manufacturers such as Dolcis, Freeman, Hardy and Willis, Frank Wright and Timpsons, having left the town or closed down in the face of stiff overseas competition, while others have outsourced their production to lower-cost countries. Only two smaller footwear businesses remain.[17]
Victorian era Kettering was the centre of the 19th century religious non-conformism and the Christian missionary movement, and this has been preserved in many names. William Carey was born in 1761 at Paulerspury and spent his early life in Kettering before leaving for India as a missionary in 1793. Carey Mission House and Carey Street were named after him. Andrew Fuller helped Carey found the Baptist Missionary Society and he is remembered in the Fuller Church and Fuller Street. In 1803 William Knibb was born in Market Street and became a missionary and emancipator of slaves; he is commemorated by the Knibb Centre and Knibb Street. Toller Chapel and Toller Place are named after two ministers, father and son, who preached in Kettering for a total of 100 years. The chapel was built in 1723 for those who since 1662 had been worshipping in secret.
After several false starts Kettering station was opened in 1857 by the Midland Railway Company, providing a welcome economic stimulus to an ailing local economy, suffering as it was from the loss of wayfaring business since the introduction of railways nationwide. The line was finally linked to London in 1867.[20]
In 1887, John Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles described Kettering as:
| “ | Kettering, market town and parish with railway station, Northamptonshire, 8 miles N. of Wellingborough and 75 miles from London, 2840 ac., pop. 11,095; P.O., T.O.; 3 Banks, 2 newspapers. Market-day, Friday. Kettering is an ancient place, and was called by the Saxons, "Kateringes". It is a fairly prosperous town, with tanning and currying, mfrs. of boots and shoes, stays, brushes, agricultural implements, and some articles of clothing. It has a handsome town hall, a cattle market, a corn exchange, and a grammar school. Many Roman relics have been found in the vicinity. | ” |
In 1921 Wicksteed Park, Britain's second oldest theme park, was officially opened on the southern outskirts of the town, and remains popular to this day.
From 1942 to 1945 the town witnessed a large influx of American servicemen (including on several occasions Clark Gable), mainly from the US 8th Air Force at RAF Grafton Underwood, 3.7 miles (6.0 km) away. The base was soon nicknamed ‘Grafton Undermud’ in reference to the perceived English weather of 'rain, rain and more rain'.[21] The first bombing raid - targeting the marshalling yards at Rouen, northern France - was led by Major Paul W. Tibbets who in 1945 piloted Enola Gay, the B-29 Superfortress that dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima[22] Aircraft from Grafton Underwood dropped the 8th Air Force’s first and last bombs of WWII.[23]
Governance[link]
Further information: Northamptonshire
- Kettering Borough Council
In local government, Kettering falls within the areas of Northamptonshire County Council and Kettering Borough Council, which incorporates the small, satellite towns of Burton Latimer, Desborough and Rothwell. The borough is split into 17 electoral wards, 10 of these in the town. These comprise of: All Saints, Avondale Grange, Barton, Brambleside, Northfield, Pipers Hill, Ise Lodge, St Michael & Wicksteed and St Peter's.[24]
- Kettering Constituency
Kettering is represented in parliament by a constituency of the same name, which is currently (as of May 2010) represented by Conservative[25] MP Philip Hollobone, who gained the marginal constituency from former Labour MP Phil Sawford in the 2005 general election.
- European Parliament
In the European Parliament, Kettering falls within the East Midlands European Parliament constituency and is represented by 5 MEPs.[26]
- Historic politics
Politics in Kettering has not always been a sedate affair: in 1835 a horrified Charles Dickens, then a young reporter for the Morning Chronicle, watched aghast as a Tory supporter on horseback, intent (along with others) on taking control of by-election proceedings, produced a loaded pistol and had to be restrained by his friends from committing murder. The ensuing riot between Tory and Whig supporters led Dickens in his article to form various opinions of Kettering and its voters, none of them complimentary.[27]
Local economy and amenities[link]
Kettering's economy was built on the boot and shoe industry. With the arrival of railways in the 19th century, industries such as engineering and clothing grew up. The clothing manufacturer Aquascutum built its first factory here in 1909. Now Kettering's economy is based on service and distribution industries due to its central location and transport links. Recent times have seen, directly linked with the economic downturn many of the shops have closed down, predominantly localised, smaller shops leaving the town centre somewhat diminished.
Kettering's unemployment rate is amongst the lowest in the UK and has over 80% of its adults in full time employment.[28] It is home to a wide range of companies including Weetabix, Pegasus Software, RCI Europe, Timsons Ltd and Morrisons Distribution as well as Wicksteed Park, the United Kingdom's oldest theme park, which now plays host to one and a quarter million visitors every season.
Kettering is the home of Kettering General Hospital,[29] which provides Acute and Accident & Emergency department services for north Northamptonshire including Corby and Wellingborough. With its new £20 million campus,[30] 16,000 students and 800 staff, Tresham College of Further and Higher Education is a significant employer in the region.
Kettering Business Park, a recent and current commercial property development undertaken by Buccleuch Property is situated on the A43/A6003, on the north side of Kettering.[31] Many office buildings are being built as part of the project as well as a leisure sector with a new hotel. Many large distribution warehouses have been constructed in the area, creating thousands of jobs for the local economy. Kettering's Heritage Quarter houses the Manor House Museum and the Alfred East Gallery.[32] The magnificent Boughton House, Queen Eleanor cross and the 1597 Triangular Lodge are local landmarks within the borough. Sir Thomas Tresham was a devout Catholic who was imprisoned for his beliefs. When he was released he built Triangular Lodge to defy his prosecutors and secretly declare his faith. The construction's 'three of everything' - sides, floors, windows and gables - represent the Holy Trinity.
The British sitcom "Peep Show" has various scenes located in Kettering owing to the head office of JLB, the company which employs lead character Mark Corrigan, being located there. However, the scenes are not filmed in Kettering, and places named in the show such as the nightclub Lap Land Kettering, and the hotel Park Kettering are fictitious.
Sport[link]
- Football
Kettering was home to Kettering Town F.C. The current Chairman Imraan Ladak[33] installed former Tamworth manager Mark Cooper as the new Kettering Town supremo for the 2007-08 season. After a record breaking start to the season (7 consecutive wins), the club held pole position virtually all season, winning the Blue Square North with 5 games in hand. The Poppies broke their win record of 28 games, now 30 and registered a record points tally for the Division of 96 points. Kettering Town play in the Blue Square Premier. Mark Cooper joined Peterborough United Manager in November 2009 with Goalkeeper Lee Harper taking over as he was the most experienced player.[citation needed] However, as of 2011, the club moved out of the borough to Nene Park, Irthlingborough - the former ground of defunct rivals Rushden & Diamonds. The move was necessitated by the approaching end of the lease at their old ground at Rockingham Road, Kettering. Mark Cooper returned as caretaker manager until the end of the current (2011–2012) season on 4 January 2012. He replaced former manager Mark Stimson.
- Rugby
Kettering is home to Kettering Rugby Football Club (KRFC), located in Waverley Road on the eastern side of the town.[34] The earliest available records indicate that the playing of Rugby Football in Kettering was initiated by the Rector of Barton Seagrave village in 1871.[citation needed] After a period of playing under Uppingham Public School Rules the club formally adopted RFU rules in 1875 and quickly became a significant participant in both the local community and the fast-developing Rugby scene in the East Midlands. In the early days games were played on a number of sites including farmers' fields and council-owned grounds. It was during this period, prior to adopting a home of their own, that the club developed its high profile in the town. Social occasions and players "meetings" were held traditionally at the Royal Hotel, later moving to the George, with more formal occasions such as the Annual Ball becoming the highlight of the local function calendar. KRFC currently plays in the Midlands 1st Division.
Transport[link]
- Roads
The A14 skirts the west and south of the town, links the town with the A45 dual carriageway, M1 and M6 motorways. The A43 links Kettering with the county town of Northampton and the A509 (Kettering/Wellingborough Road) links Kettering with Wellingborough.
- Buses
In April 1986 the bus station was relocated away from the market area to the Newland Street entrance of the modern Newlands shopping centre, causing a fatal decline in market trade. Although buses were re-allocated there in April 1987 before closing again in September 1989 and building a smaller version of a Bus Station on which it closed also in May 1999, buses since then have just served The Library and Newlands Shopping Centre. From May 2010 all buses now serve the new horsemarket bus interchange as they don't serve the library any more this is due to public realem improvements. New bus stops have been installed around rail station and headlands.
The Town is also served by a local bus network under the brand name Connect Kettering with routes A,B,C,D, E and F linking the town centre with local suburbs and Burton Latimer.[35] Leaving every 30 minutes, the X4 service links the town with Milton Keynes, Northampton, Wellingborough, Corby, Oundle and Peterborough.[36]
- Rail
Rail services operated by East Midlands Trains depart every 30 minutes from Kettering to St Pancras International railway station, with an average journey time of 59 minutes.[37] St Pancras also provides an interchange with the Eurostar service to France and Belgium. Kettering is linked to Corby, Leicester, Nottingham, Derby and Sheffield to the north and Wellingborough, Bedford, Luton to the south.[38] Because of good rail links, a large and growing commuter population takes advantage of Kettering's position on the Midland Main Line railway.
- Airports
Five large UK airports are within 2 hours' drive of the town, these being London Heathrow, London Luton, East Midlands, Birmingham International and London Stansted. London Luton can be reached directly by train while East Midlands and London Stansted can be reached by one change at Leicester. Sywell Aerodrome, located 6 miles (9.7 km) south-west of Kettering, caters for private flying, flight training and corporate flights.
Notable residents[link]
- Frank Bellamy - Illustrator of comics
- William Carey - Missionary
- Richard Coles - Member of 80s band The Communards
- Sir Alfred East - Painter
- John Alfred Gotch - Architect and Architectural historian
- Thomas Cooper Gotch - Illustrator
- Sienna Guillory - Actress
- William Knibb - Missionary
- John Profumo - Former British politician, best known for the Profumo Scandal
- Edward Sismore - Air Commodore
- Charles Wicksteed - Created Wicksteed Amusement Park
- Andrew Kooner - Canadian boxer, born in Kettering
- Russ Russell - Professional music engineer
- Hugh Dennis - English comedian, born in Kettering
- Jane Clarke - Children's Author, born in Kettering
- Reginald Wooster - Cricketer, born and died in Kettering
- Ernest Wright - Cricketer, born and died in Kettering
Future growth[link]
In mid-2003 the population of the Borough of Kettering was estimated at 86,000, with 51,063 residing in the town proper. Kettering along with the neighboroughing town of Corby is located in North Northamptonshire, the fastest growing place in England and Wales,[39] with the East Kettering development area covers 300 hectares[citation needed] and extends from the A43 in the north to the A14 in the south.[40] In March 2007, a project was revealed to refurbish and bring new leisure and shopping to the town centre, including water features, public art, sculptures, street furniture, trees, plants and an innovative pavement lighting scheme.[41]
Geography[link]
Climate[link]
Kettering experiences an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification) which is similar to most of the British Isles.
| Climate data for Kettering, GBR | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 7 (45) |
8 (46) |
11 (52) |
13 (55) |
17 (63) |
19 (66) |
22 (72) |
23 (73) |
19 (66) |
14 (57) |
10 (50) |
7 (45) |
14.2 (57.5) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 2 (36) |
2 (36) |
4 (39) |
4 (39) |
7 (45) |
10 (50) |
12 (54) |
12 (54) |
10 (50) |
8 (46) |
5 (41) |
3 (37) |
6.6 (43.8) |
| Precipitation cm (inches) | 4.51 (1.776) |
3.39 (1.335) |
2.87 (1.13) |
4.39 (1.728) |
3.49 (1.374) |
4.66 (1.835) |
4.21 (1.657) |
4.69 (1.846) |
5.49 (2.161) |
5.68 (2.236) |
4.8 (1.89) |
4.98 (1.961) |
53.16 (20.929) |
| Source: [42] | |||||||||||||
Compass[link]
Kettering's nearest towns are Desborough, Burton Latimer and Rothwell with the larger towns of Corby and Wellingborough a bit further away.[vague]
 |
Rothwell, Desborough, Market Harborough, Leicester | Cottingham, Leicestershire villages |
Geddington, Corby | |
| Broughton, Mawsley, Rugby |  |
Thrapston, Huntingdon | ||
 Kettering East |
||||
 |
||||
| Pytchley, Northampton | Burton Latimer, Islip, Wellingborough | Finedon, Irthlingborough, Rushden, London |
Town twinning[link]
Kettering is twinned with:
Kettering, Ohio, USA
Lahnstein, Germany
See also[link]
References[link]
- ^ a b http://www.statistics.gov.uk/statbase/Expodata/Spreadsheets/D8271.csv
- ^ a b R.L. Greenall: A History of Kettering, Phillimore & Co. Ltd, 2003, ISBN 1-86077-254-4. p.7.
- ^ UK Statistics: Kettering Retrieved 3 May 2010
- ^ Live in Kettering:3D Map Retrieved 1 May 2010
- ^ East Midlands Trains: Interchange with Eurostar Retrieved 1 May 2010[dead link]
- ^ R.L. Greenall: A History of Northamptonshire, Phillimore & Co. Ltd, 1979, ISBN 1-86077-147-5. p.19.
- ^ a b c R.L. Greenall: A History of Northamptonshire, Phillimore & Co. Ltd, 1979, ISBN 1-86077-147-5. p.20.
- ^ a b c d R.L. Greenall, A History of Kettering, Phillimore & Co. Ltd, 2003, ISBN 1-86077-254-4. P. 9.
- ^ R.L. Greenall, A History of Kettering, Phillimore & Co. Ltd, 2003, ISBN 1-86077-254-4. P. 10.
- ^ R.L. Greenall: A History of Northamptonshire, Phillimore & Co. Ltd, 1979, ISBN 1-86077-147-5. p.26.
- ^ R.L. Greenall: A History of Northamptonshire, Phillimore & Co. Ltd, 1979, ISBN 1-86077-147-5. p.29.
- ^ Michael Wood: The Domesday Quest, BBC Books, 1986 ISBN 0-563-52274-7. p. 90.
- ^ R.L. Greenall: A History of Northamptonshire, Phillimore & Co. Ltd, 1979, ISBN 1-86077-147-5. p.34.
- ^ Domeday Book: A Complete Translation, Penguin Books, 1992, ISBN 0-14-100523-8. p. 596.
- ^ Michael McNay: Hidden Treasures of England, Random House Books, 2009, ISBN 1-905211-83-X. p.271.
- ^ R.L. Greenall: A History of Kettering, Phillimore & Co. Ltd, 2003, ISBN 1-86077-254-4. p.4.
- ^ a b c R.L. Greenall, A History of Kettering, Phillimore & Co. Ltd, 2003. p.21.
- ^ R.L. Greenall: A History of Northamptonshire, Phillimore & Co. Ltd, 1979, ISBN 1-86077-147-5. p.41-42.
- ^ R.L. Greenall: A History of Northamptonshire, Phillimore & Co. Ltd, 1979, ISBN 1-86077-147-5. p.42.
- ^ R.L. Greenall, A History of Kettering, Phillimore & Co. Ltd, 2003. p.116.
- ^ John N. Smith, Airfield Focus 44: Grafton Underwood, GMS Enterprises, 2001, ISBN 1-870384-84-9. p. 4.
- ^ John N. Smith, Airfield Focus 44: Grafton Underwood, GMS Enterprises, 2001, ISBN 1-870384-84-9. p. 3.
- ^ John N. Smith, Airfield Focus 44: Grafton Underwood, GMS Enterprises, 2001, ISBN 1-870384-84-9. p. 33.
- ^ Kettering Borough Council: Wards 2009 Retrieved 3 May 2010
- ^ Kettering Conservatives Retrieved 3 May 2010
- ^ East Midlands MEPs Retrieved 3 May 2010
- ^ R.L. Greenall, A History of Kettering, Phillimore & Co. Ltd, 2003, ISBN 1-86077-254-4. P. 106.
- ^ Government Office of the East Midlands
- ^ "Kettering General Hospital: Getting here". Kettering General Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust. http://www.kgh.nhs.uk/getting-here. Retrieved 30 July 2010.
- ^ "Tresham College of Further and Higher Education: Kettering". Tresham College of Further and Higher Education. http://www.tresham.ac.uk/about/our_campuses/kettering. Retrieved 30 July 2010.
- ^ "Kettering Business Park - Overview". Kettering Business Park. http://www.ketteringbusinesspark.com/overview.php. Retrieved 30 July 2010.
- ^ "A Walk Around Kettering's Heritage Quarter". http://www.kettering.gov.uk/downloads/walk_heritage_quarter.pdf. Retrieved May 25, 2009. [dead link]
- ^ "Kettering Town FC: Club Information". Kettering Town FC. http://www.ketteringtownfc.co.uk/club_info.php. Retrieved 30 July 2010.
- ^ "Kettering Rugby Football Club: How to find us". Kettering Rugby Football Club. http://www.ketteringrugbyclub.co.uk/about/howtofindus.html. Retrieved 30 July 2010.
- ^ "Stagecoach in Northants: Connect Kettering Network us". Stagecoach Group plc. http://www.stagecoachbus.com/uploads/ketteringmapdownloadlo.pdf. Retrieved 30 July 2010.
- ^ "Stagecoach in Northants: X4". Stagecoach Group plc. http://www.stagecoachbus.com/northamptonshire-X4.aspx. Retrieved 30 July 2010.
- ^ "East Midlands Trains: Midland Main Line (London services) Timetable". East Midlands Trains - Stagecoach Group plc. http://eastmidlandstrains.co.uk/emtrains/images/pdfs/TT1May10PagesandTablesv3DH(2).pdf. Retrieved 30 July 2010. [dead link]
- ^ "East Midlands Trains: Network Map". East Midlands Trains - Stagecoach Group plc. http://www.eastmidlandstrains.co.uk/EMTrains/YourDestinations/OurNetworkAndStations.htm. Retrieved 30 July 2010.
- ^ "Corby - fastest growing place in England and Wales". Corby Borough Council. http://www.corby.gov.uk/CouncilAndDemocracy/CouncilNews/Pages/Corby%E2%80%93fastestgrowingplaceinEnglandandWales.aspx. Retrieved 30 July 2010. "The statistics highlight North Northamptonshire’s emergence as the biggest single growth area outside London"
- ^ "East Kettering: Land use map". http://www.eastkettering.com/Land_Use_Plan_2008.html. Retrieved 30 July 2010.
- ^ "A new dawn" by Monique Cleaver in Northants Evening Telegraph, 21 March 2007
- ^ "Average weather for Kettering". MSN weather. http://weather.msn.com/local.aspx?&wealocations=wc:UKXX0254&q=Kettering,+GBR&setunit=C.
External links[link]
 |
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Kettering. |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Kettering |
- Kettering local free business directory, local news, events and offers
- Kettering Weather Station - Supplying local weather for local people
- BBC Northamptonshire
- Kettering Evening Telegraph
- Kettering Borough Council
- Kettering Town F.C.
- Old Cytringanians
- History Notes - The Kettering Grammar School Satellite Tracking Group
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There are many people in history who are commonly appended with the phrase "the Great", or who were called that or an equivalent phrase in their own language. Other languages have their own suffixes such as e Bozorg and e azam in Persian and Urdu respectively.
In Persia, the title "the Great" at first seems to be a colloquial version of the Old Persian title "Great King". This title was first used by the conqueror Cyrus II of Persia.[1]
The Persian title was inherited by Alexander III of Macedon (336–323 BC) when he conquered the Persian Empire, and the epithet "Great" eventually became personally associated with him. The first reference (in a comedy by Plautus)[2] assumes that everyone knew who "Alexander the Great" was; however, there is no earlier evidence that Alexander III of Macedon was called "the Great".
The early Seleucid kings, who succeeded Alexander in Persia, used "Great King" in local documents, but the title was most notably used for Antiochus the Great (223–187 BC).
Later rulers and commanders began to use the epithet "the Great" as a personal name, like the Roman general Pompey. Others received the surname retrospectively, like the Carthaginian Hanno and the Indian emperor Ashoka the Great. Once the surname gained currency, it was also used as an honorific surname for people without political careers, like the philosopher Albert the Great.
As there are no objective criteria for "greatness", the persistence of later generations in using the designation greatly varies. For example, Louis XIV of France was often referred to as "The Great" in his lifetime but is rarely called such nowadays, while Frederick II of Prussia is still called "The Great". A later Hohenzollern - Wilhelm I - was often called "The Great" in the time of his grandson Wilhelm II, but rarely later.
Contents |
Rulers[link]
- Abbas I of Persia (1571–1629), Shah of Iran
- Akbar (1542–1605), ruler of the Mughal Empire of South Asia, mainly India
- Alain I of Albret (1440–1522), French aristocrat
- Alexander the Great (356-323 BC), King of Macedonia, Persia, Greece, Egypt, and all of Mesopotamia
- Alexander I of Georgia (1386–1446), King of Georgia
- Alfonso III of León (c. 848-910), King of León, Galicia and Asturias
- Alfred the Great (848/849-899), King of Wessex
- Antiochus III the Great (c. 241–187 BC), ruler of the Seleucid Empire
- Ashoka the Great (c. 304–232 BC), Indian emperor of the Maurya dynasty
- Ashot I of Iberia “the Great”(died 826/830), presiding prince of Iberia (modern Georgia),
- Askia Mohammad I (c. 1442–1538), ruler of the Songhai Empire
- Bhumibol Adulyadej (born 1927), King of Thailand
- Bolesław I Chrobry (967-1025), sometimes called "the Great", first King of Poland
- Bruno the Great (925–965), Archbishop of Cologne and Duke of Lotharingia (also listed in the following section)
- Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (1736–1809), founder and ruler of the Rattanakosin Kingdom (in what is now Thailand)
- Cnut the Great (c. 985 or 995-1035), King of Denmark, England, Norway and parts of Sweden
- Casimir III the Great (1310–1370), King of Poland
- Catherine the Great (1729–1796), Empress of Russia
- Chandragupta II (reigned 375-413/415), also known as Vikramaditya, ruler of the Gupta empire in India
- Charlemagne (died 814), King of the Franks and Emperor of the Romans
- Chulalongkorn (1853–1910), King of Siam (now Thailand)
- Chlothar II (584-629), King of Neustria and King of the Franks
- Conrad, Margrave of Meissen (c. 1097-1157), Margrave of Meissen
- Constantine I (c. 272-337), Roman emperor
- Cyaxares the Great (c. 625-585 BC), third king of Media
- Cyrus the Great (c. 600 BC or 576 BC–530 BC), founder and ruler of the Persian or Achaemenid Empire
- Darius the Great (550 – 486 BC), third ruler of the Persian Empire
- Devapala (died 850), ruler of the Pala Empire in the Indian subcontinent
- Dionysius I, Greek tyrant of Syracuse[3]
- Ferdinand I of León and Castile (c. 1015–1065), King of León and Count of Castile
- Frederick the Great (1712–1786), King of Prussia
- Genghis Khan (1162?-1227), founder and Great Khan of the Mongol Empire
- Gero (c. 900–965), ruler of Marca Geronis, a very large march in Europe
- Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden (1594–1632), King of Sweden, founder of the Swedish Empire, and noted military leader
- Gwanggaeto the Great, King of Goguryeo, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea[4][5]
- Hanno the Great, the name of three leaders of Carthage, in the 4th, 3rd, and 2nd centuries BC
- Henry I, Duke of Burgundy (946–1002)
- Henry IV of France (1553–1610), King of France and King of Navarre
- Herod the Great (73/74 BC-4 BC), King of Judea
- Hugh the Great (898-956), Duke of the Franks and Count of Paris
- Hugh Magnus of France (1007–1025), co-King of France
- Hugh I, Count of Vermandois (1057–1101)
- Humphrey I de Bohun (died c. 1123), Anglo-Norman aristocrat
- Ivan III of Russia (1440–1505), Tsar of Russia
- John I of Portugal (1358–1433), King of Portugal and the Algarve
- John II of Aragon (1398–1479), King of Aragon and, through his wife, King of Navarre
- Justinian I (483-565), Byzantine Emperor
- Kamehameha I (c. 1758-1819), first King of Hawai'i
- Kanishka (died c. 127), ruler of the Kushan Empire in Central Asia and parts of India
- Kvirike III of Kakheti (1010–1029), King of Kakheti in eastern Georgia
- Kublai Khan (1215–1294), Mongol ruler in the 13th century and Emperor of China; founder of the Yuan Dynasty
- Llywelyn the Great (c. 1172–1240), Prince of Gwynedd and de facto ruler of most of Wales
- Louis I of Hungary (1326–1382), King of Hungary, Croatia and Poland
- Mangrai the Great (1238–1317), Lanna, northern Thailand
- Emperor Meiji (1852–1912), Emperor of Japan
- Mircea I of Wallachia (1355–1418)
- Mithridates II of Parthia (died 88 BC), ruler of the Parthian Empire (in present day Iran)
- Mithridates VI of Pontus (134 BC–63 BC), ruler of Pontus and the Bosporan Kingdom
- Mstislav I of Kiev (1076–1132), Grand Prince of Kievan Rus
- Naresuan (1555–1605), King of Ayutthaya
- Narai (1633–1688), King of Ayutthaya (in what is now modern Thailand)
- Odo the Great (died c. 735), Duke of Aquitaine
- Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (912-973)
- K'inich Janaab' Pakal (603-683), ruler of the Mayan city-state of Palenque
- Parakramabahu I of Polonnaruwa (1123–1186), King of Sri Lanka
- Peter Krešimir IV of Croatia (died 1075), King of Croatia
- Peter the Great (1672–1725), Tsar of Russia
- Peter III of Aragon (1239–1285), King of Aragon and King of Sicily
- Pompey (106 BC-48 BC), military and political leader of the late Roman Republic, rival of Julius Caesar
- Radama I (1793–1828), first king of greater Madagascar
- Raja Raja Chola I (c. 947-1014), Indian emperor of the Cholas.[6][7][8]
- Rajendra Chola I (reigned 1014–1044), Tamil King of India
- Ramesses II (reigned 1279 BC – 1213 BC), considered the greatest pharaoh of Ancient Egypt
- Ram Khamhaeng (around 1237 to 1247-1298), King of Sukhothai (in present day Thailand)
- Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona (1082–1131), also Count of Provence and various other counties
- Rhodri the Great (c. 820–878), King of Gwynedd (in present day Wales)
- Roman the Great (after 1160-1205), Grand Prince of Kiev
- Saladin (c. 1138-1193), Kurdish Sultan of Egypt and Syria, founder of the Ayyubid dynasty, and victor over the Crusaders
- Samudragupta (c. 335–375), ruler of the Gupta empire in the Indian subcontinent
- Sancho III of Navarre (c. 992-1035), King of Kingdom of Navarre
- Sargon of Akkad (died c. 2215 BC), ruler of the Akkadian Empire
- Sejong the Great (1397–1450), Korean king[9]
- Shapur II (309-379), king of the Sassanid Empire, Persia
- Simeon I of Bulgaria (864/865-927), ruler of the First Bulgarian Empire
- Stephen III of Moldavia (1433–1504), Prince of Moldavia (Romania)
- Stephen Uroš IV Dušan of Serbia (c. 1308-1355), King of Serbia and Emperor of the Serbs and Greeks
- Taksin (1734–1782), King of the Thonburi Kingdom (Thailand)
- Tamar (1160-1123), Queen of the Georgian Empire
- Timur (1336–1405), better known as Tamerlane, founder of the Timurid Dynasty
- Theobald II, Count of Champagne (1090–1151), Count of Blois and of Chartres as Theobald IV, Count of Champagne and of Brie
- Theodoric the Great (454-526), King of the Ostrogoths, regent of the Visigoths and a viceroy of the Byzantine Empire
- Theodosius I (347-395), Roman emperor
- Tigranes the Great (140-55 BC), Emperor of Armenia
- Tiridates III of Armenia (285-339), King of Armenia
- Umar (c. 586 to 590–644), second caliph of the Muslim Empire
- Valdemar I of Denmark (1131–1182), King of Denmark
- Valentinian I (364-375), Roman Emperor
- Vladimir I of Kiev (c. 958-1015), ruler of Kievan Rus
- Vytautas (c. 1350-1430), archduke of the Lithuanian Grand Duchy
- William I, Count of Burgundy (1020–1087), Count of Burgandy and Mâcon
- William V, Duke of Aquitaine (969-1030), also Count of Poitou
- Xerxes I (519-465 BC), King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire (Persia)
- Yu the Great (c. 2200-2100 BC), legendary ruler in ancient China
Religious figures[link]
- Abraham the Great of Kashkar (ca. 492-586), monk and saint of the Assyrian Church of the East
- Abraham Kidunaia (died c. 366, hermit, priest, and Christian saint of Mesopotamia
- Albertus Magnus (1193/1206–1280), medieval German philosopher and theologian
- Anthony the Great (c. 251–356), early Christian saint of Egypt
- Babai the Great (c. 551–628), Assyrian church leader
- Basil of Caesarea (330-379), Greek bishop and theologian
- Bruno the Great (925–965), Archbishop of Cologne and Duke of Lotharingia (also listed in the previous section)
- Euthymius the Great (377-473), abbot and Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox saint
- Gertrude the Great (1256-c. 1302), German Benedictine, mystic, theologian and Roman Catholic saint
- Pope Gregory I (c. 540-604)
- Hiyya the Great, 3rd-century rabbi, Palestine
- Pope John Paul II (1920–2005)
- Pope Leo I (c. 391 or 400-461)
- Macarius of Egypt (c. 300-391), Egyptian hermit
- Pope Nicholas I (c. 800-867)
- Photius I of Constantinople (c. 810–c. 893), Eastern Orthodox saint and Patriarch of Constantinople
- William of Maleval (died 1157), founder of the Catholic congregation of Williamites
Other[link]
- Beli Mawr, a figure in medieval Welsh literature and genealogies
- Emmy the Great, folk singer
- Matteo Rosso the Great, Roman politician and father of Pope Nicholas III
- Prokop the Great, Hussite general in Bohemia
See also[link]
- Epithet
- List of monarchs by nickname
- List of nicknames of European Royalty and Nobility: G-I
- James, son of Zebedee, also known as James the Greater, one of the twelve apostles of Jesus
- Ajax (mythology), called Ajax the Greater
- Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, whose common honorific "Mahatma" means "Great Soul"
Notes[link]
- ^ In a clay cylinder (online). The expression was used in a propagandistic context: the conqueror wants to show he is a normal Babylonian ruler. The first Persian ruler to use the title in an Iranian context was Darius I of Persia (Darius the Great), in the Behistun Inscription (online).
- ^ Plautus, Mostellaria 775.
- ^ History, Instituto Geografico De Agostini S.p.A., p. 479
- ^ World and Its Peoples:Korea. Marshall Cavendish Corporation. September 2008. p. 887. ISBN 0-7614-7631-8.
- ^ Alison Behnke (2004). North Korea in Pictures. Twenty-First Century Books. p. 70. ISBN 0-8225-1908-9. http://books.google.com/?id=ovWvhyLc6hAC&pg=RA1-PA70&dq=%22Gwanggaeto+the+Great%22.
- ^ Sarkar, Benoy Kumar (December 1919). "An English History of India". Political Science Quarterly 34 (4): 644–653. DOI:10.2307/2142032. JSTOR 2142032. ""The finances of the state were not more centralized under Louis XIV than under Rajaraja the Great.""
- ^ "Heaven sent: Michael Wood explores the art of the Chola dynasty". Royal Academy, UK. http://www.royalacademy.org.uk/ra-magazine/winter2006/features/heven-sent,47,RAMA.html. Retrieved 2007-04-26.
- ^ "The Chola Dynasty: Accession of Rajaraja, the Great". Sify.com. http://sify.com/itihaas/fullstory.php?id=13219885. Retrieved 2007-04-26.
- ^ Christoph Bluth; Gareth Schott (2007). Korea. Polity. p. 10. ISBN 0-7456-3356-0.
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