Look up template in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Template may mean:

• a stencil, pattern or overlay used in graphic arts (drawing, painting, etc.) and sewing to replicate letters, shapes or designs
• a pre-developed page layout in electronic or paper media used to make new pages with a similar design, pattern, or style
• Form letter, a predefined letter which retains its primary intent when individually customised with variable data or text.

Computer science and information technology[link]

• Template (file format), a standardized non-executable file type used by computer software as a pre-formatted example on which to base other files, especially documents
• Template (C++), a tool for generic programming especially in the C++ language
• Template metaprogramming, a programming technique used by a compiler to generate temporary source code
• Template method, an object-oriented design pattern
• Template processor, a system that combines a template with data to produce an output.
• Template (word processing), a standard document containing layout and styles used to configure word processing software
• Style sheet (web development) or master page on which you can globally edit and format graphic elements and text common to each page of a document
• Web template or web template system, a master page used to produce web pages
• A main document from which mail merge documents are created

Manufacturing[link]

• Mechanical template, used to cut and shape a product, such as:
  • a die (manufacturing)
  • a mold

Molecular genetics[link]

• a strand of DNA which sets the genetic sequence of new strands
• a strand of RNA which translates genes into proteins

Miscellaneous[link]

• Template (racing), a device used in car racing to ensure that the body of the race vehicle adheres to specifications

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1943

Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar.

Events[link]

Below, events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.

January[link]

• January 4 – Culbert Olson, 29th Governor of California, is succeeded by Earl Warren.
• January 11
  • The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China.
  • Roberto María Ortiz dies in Argentina; Ramón Castillo succeeds him.
• January 12 – Dutch journalist and writer Jan Campert dies in the Neuengamme concentration camp.
• January 13 36 people are executed and 200 arrested in anti-Nazi protests in Sofia.
• January 15
  • WWII: The Japanese are driven off Guadalcanal.
  • The world's largest office building, The Pentagon, is dedicated in Arlington, Virginia.
• January 16 – Iraq declares war on the Axis
• January 18
  • WWII: Soviet officials announce they have broken the Wehrmacht's siege of Leningrad.
  • The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising begins.
• January 23
  • WWII: British forces capture Tripoli from the Italians.
  • Duke Ellington plays at New York City's Carnegie Hall for the first time.
  • Critic and commentator Alexander Woollcott suffers an eventually fatal heart attack during a regular broadcast of the CBS Radio roundtable program "People's Platform".
• January 27 – WWII: 50 bombers mount the first all American air raid against Germany (Wilhelmshaven is the target).
• January 29
  • German police arrest alleged necrophiliac Bruno Ludke.
  • Marine Corps Women's Reserve (MCWR) created.

February[link]

Soviet T34 tanks during the Battle of Kursk.

• February 2 – WWII: In Russia, the Battle of Stalingrad comes to an end with the surrender of the German 6th Army.
• February 3 – WWII: The Four Chaplains of the U.S. Army are drowned, when their ship (USAT Dorchester) is struck by a German torpedo.
• February 7 – WWII: In the United States, it is announced that shoe rationing will go into effect in 2 days.
• February 8 – WWII – Battle of Guadalcanal: United States forces defeat Japanese troops.
• February 10 – March 3 – Mohandas Gandhi keeps a hunger strike to protest his imprisonment.
• February 11 – General Eisenhower is selected to command the Allied armies in Europe.
• February 14 – WWII:
  • Rostov-na-Donu, Russia is liberated.
  • Battle of the Kasserine Pass: German General Erwin Rommel and his Afrika Korps launch an offensive against Allied defenses in Tunisia; it is the United States' first major battle defeat of the war.
• February 16 – WWII: The Soviet Union reconquers Kharkov, but is later driven out in the Third Battle of Kharkov
• February 18
  • In a speech at the Berlin Sportpalast, German Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels declare a "Total War" against the Allies.
  • The Nazis arrest the members of the White Rose movement.
• February 20
  • American movie studio executives agree to allow the Office of War Information to censor movies.
  • The Mexican volcano Parícutin is born in a farmer's cornfield.
• February 22 – Members of White Rose are executed in Nazi Germany.
• February 23 – A fire at St. Joseph's Orphanage, County Cavan, Ireland, kills 36 people (35 of whom are children).
• February 27 – The Smith Mine #3 in Bearcreek, Montana, United States explodes, killing 74 men.
• February 28 – Operation Gunnerside: 6 Norwegians led by Joachim Ronneberg successfully attack the heavy water plant Vemork.

March[link]

A low level attack on a Japanese ship during the Battle of the Bismarck Sea.

Jewish prisoners being deported from the Kraków Ghetto.

• March 1 – Heinz Guderian becomes the Inspector-General of the Armoured Troops for the German Army.
• March 2 – WWII: Battle of the Bismarck Sea – United States and Australian forces sink Japanese convoy ships.
• March 3 – 173 people are killed in a crush while trying to enter an air-raid shelter at Bethnal Green tube station in London.
• March 4 – The 15th Academy Awards ceremony is held in Los Angeles.
• March 8 – WWII: American forces are attacked by Japanese troops on Hill 700 in Bougainville, in a battle that will last 5 days.
• March 9 – Şükrü Saracoğlu forms the new government of Turkey. (14th government; Şükrü Saracoğlu had served twice as a prime minister)
• March 10 – Banco Bradesco was founded by Amador Aguiar in Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.
• March 13
  • WWII: On Bougainville, Japanese troops end their assault on American forces at Hill 700.
  • Holocaust: German forces liquidate the Jewish ghetto in Kraków.
• March 14 – WWII: British submarine HMS Thunderbolt sunk off Sicily by an Italian corvette, the second time this vessel has been lost with all hands.^[1][2]
• March 15 – The Italian submarine Leonardo da Vinci sinks the Candandian pacific liner RMS Empress of Canada (1922) off Sierre Leone.
• March 16–March 19 – WWII: 22 ships from Convoys HX 229/SC 122 and one U-boat are sunk in the largest North Atlantic U-boat "wolfpack" attack of the war.
• March 17 – Éamon de Valera makes the speech "The Ireland That We Dreamed Of", commonly called the "comely maidens" speech.
• March 22 – WWII: The entire population of Khatyn in Belarus is burnt alive by the German occupation forces.
• March 23 – The drugs Vicodin and Lortab are first produced in Germany.
• March 26 – WWII – Battle of the Komandorski Islands: In the Aleutian Islands, the battle begins when United States Navy forces intercept Japanese troops attempting to reinforce a garrison at Kiska.
• March 27 – WWII – Escort carrier Dasher was destroyed by an accidental explosion in the Firth of Clyde, killing 379 of the crew of 528.
• March 28 – In Italy a ship full of weapons and ammunition explodes in the port of Naples, killing 600.
• March 31 – Rodgers and Hammerstein's Oklahoma! opens on Broadway, heralds a new era in "integrated" stage musicals, becomes an instantaneous stage classic, and goes on to be Broadway's longest-running musical up to that time (1948).

April[link]

• April 3 – Shipwrecked steward Poon Lim is rescued by Brazilian fishermen after being adrift for 130 days.
• April 13 – WWII: Radio Berlin announces the discovery by Wehrmacht of mass graves of Poles killed by Soviets in the Katyn massacre.
• April 19 – Albert Hofmann self administers the drug LSD for the first time in history, and records the details of his experience.
• April 21 – Worst Bombing of Aberdeen in WW2.
• April 22 – Albert Hofmann writes his first report about the hallucinogenic properties of LSD (which he first synthesized in 1938).
• April 25 – Easter occurs on the latest possible date (last time 1886; next time 2038) in the Western Christian Church.
• April 27 – The U.S. Federal Writers' Project is shuttered.

May[link]

This photograph, from the Stroop Report, shows captured fighters in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.

The Möhne Dam breached following Operation Chastise, carried out by the "Dambusters" of the RAF.

• May 6 – WWII: Six U-boats are sunk after sinking 12 ships from Convoy ONS 5 in the last major North Atlantic U-boat "wolfpack" attack of the war.
• May 9–May 12 – Japanese troops carry out the Changjiao massacre in Changjiao, Hunan, China.
• May 11 – WWII: American troops invade Attu in the Aleutian Islands, in an attempt to expel occupying Japanese forces.
• May 12 – The Trident Conference begins in Washington, D.C., with Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill taking part.
• May 13 – WWII: German Afrika Korps and Italian troops in North Africa surrender to Allied forces.
• May 14
  • The Australian Hospital Ship Centaur is sunk off the coast of Queensland, by a Japanese submarine.
  • 358th BS, 303rd BG B-17F Hell's Angels is the first AAF bomber to complete 25 missions.
• May 15 – The Comintern is dissolved in Moscow.
• May 16
  • WWII: Operation Chastise by RAF 617 Sqdn are carried out on German dams.
  • Holocaust: The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising ends.
  • Greek physician Marco Nahon arrives at Auschwitz-Birkenau.
• May 17 – WWII:
  • The surviving RAF Dam Busters return.
  • The United States Army contracts with the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School to develop the computer ENIAC.
  • The Memphis Belle's crew becomes the first aircrew in the 8th Air Force to complete its 25-mission tour of duty. The aircraft and crew were the first to return to the U.S. intact for a War Bond drive.
• May 19 – Winston Churchill addresses a joint session of the U.S. Congress.
• May 29 – Norman Rockwell's illustration of Rosie the Riveter first appears on the cover of the Saturday Evening Post.
• May 30 – Holocaust: Dr. Josef Mengele begins his service as a medical officer in the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp.
• May 31 – The Zoot Suit Riots erupt between military personnel and Mexican American youths in East Los Angeles.

June[link]

• June 1 – British Overseas Airways Corporation Flight 777, a DC-3 with registration G-AGBB, (formerly KLM PH-ALI, Ibis), on a scheduled passenger flight, is shot down over the Bay of Biscay by German Junkers Ju 88s, all 17 persons aboard perish, including the actor Leslie Howard. There is speculation that the downing was an attempt to kill British Prime Minister Winston Churchill as the Germans may have had wrong information he was aboard.
• June 4 – A military coup d'état in Argentina ousts Ramón Castillo.
• June 8 – WWII: Japanese battleship Mutsu was destroyed by an accidental magazine explosion in Hashirajima anchorage, killing 1,121.
• June 22 – The U.S. Army 45th Infantry Division lands in North Africa, prior to training at Arzew, French Morocco.
• June 30 – CCC abolished.

July[link]

The U.S. Liberty ship SS Robert Rowan explodes during the Allied invasion of Sicily, July 11, 1943.

The bombing of Hamburg during 1943.

• July 1 – Women's Army Corps (WAC) converted to full status.
• July 5 – WWII:
  • Battle of Kursk – The largest tank battle in history begins.
  • An allied invasion fleet sails to Sicily.
  • Conclusion of the National Bands Agreement in Greece.
• July 6 – WWII: Americans and Japanese fight the Battle of Kula Gulf off Kolombangara.
• July 10 – WWII – Allied invasion of Sicily: The allied invasion of Axis-controlled Europe begins with landings on the island of Sicily off mainland Italy, by the Seventh United States Army and the British Eighth Army including the 1st Canadian Infantry Division.
• July 11 – United States Army forces assault the village of Piano Lupo, just outside of Gela, Sicily.
• July 12 – WWII – Battle of Prokhorovka: The Wehrmacht and the Red Army fight to a draw.
• July 13 – WWII: The invasion of Sicily begins with British landings at Augusta on the island's eastern side and American landings to the south.
• July 19 – WWII: Rome is bombed by the Allies for the first time in the war.
• July 24 – WWII: Operation Gomorrha begins: British and Canadian aeroplanes bomb Hamburg by night; the American planes bomb the city by day. By the end of the operation in November, 9,000 tons of explosives will have killed more than 30,000 people and destroyed 280,000 buildings.
• July 25 – In Italy the Gran Consiglio del Fascismo withdraws its support of Mussolini; Mussolini is arrested and the power is given to Maresciallo d'Italia Gen. Pietro Badoglio.
• July 28 – WWII: Operation Gomorrha – The British bomb Hamburg, causing a firestorm that kills 42,000 German civilians.

August[link]

B-24d's fly over Polesti during Operation Tidal Wave.

Mackenzie King, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill at the 1943 Quebec Conference.

• August 1 – Operation Tidal Wave: 177 B-24 Liberator bombers from the U.S. Army Air Force bomb oil refineries at Ploieşti, Romania.
• August 2 – WWII: John F. Kennedy's PT-109 is rammed by a destroyer.
• August 4 – WWII: The USS Intrepid (CV-11) is launched.
• August 5
  • WWII: John F. Kennedy and crew are found by Solomon Islanders coastwatchers Biuku Gasa and Eroni Kumana with their dugout canoe.
  • Women's Air Force Service Pilots (WASP) formed consolidating the WAFS and WFTD.
• August 6 – WWII – Battle of Vella Gulf: Americans defeat a Japanese convoy off Kolombangara, as the U.S. Army drives the Japanese out of Munda airfield on New Georgia.
• August 13 – WWII: Rome is declared an open city.
• August 14 – The Quadrant Conference begins in Quebec City; Canadian Prime Minister MacKenzie King meets with Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt.
• August 17 – WWII: The US 7th Army under General George S. Patton meets the British 8th Army under Field Marshal Bernard L. Montgomery in Messina, Sicily, completing the Allied conquest of Sicily.
• August 23 – The Battle of Kursk ends with a serious strategic defeat for the German forces.
• August 24 – WWII: – Heinrich Himmler is named Reichminister of the Interior in Germany .
• August 26 – WWII: Lord Louis Mountbatten is named Supreme Allied Commander for Southeast Asia.
• August 28 – WWII: King Boris III of Bulgaria dies under peculiar circumstances; his 6-year-old son, Simeon II, ascends to the throne.
• August 29 – WWII: Germany dissolves the Danish government after it refuses to deal with a wave of strikes and disturbances to the satisfaction of the German authorities (see Occupation of Denmark).

September[link]

• September 3 – WWII: Mainland Italy is invaded by Allied forces under Bernard L. Montgomery, for the first time in the war.
• September 5 – WWII: The 503rd Parachute Regiment under American General Douglas MacArthur lands and occupies Nadzab, just east of the port city of Lae in northeastern Papua New Guinea.
• September 7 – A fire at the Gulf Hotel in Houston, Texas, kills 55 people.
• September 8 – WWII:
  • United States General Dwight D. Eisenhower publicly announces the surrender of Italy to the Allies.
  • Frascati bombing raid September 8, 1943: The USAAF bombs the German General Headquarters for the Mediterranean zone.
  • Czech resistance fighter Julius Fučík is executed by the Nazis.
• September 8 – The first classes commence at Grace University.
• September 9 – Bertolt Brecht's play Life of Galileo (German: Leben des Galilei) receives its first theatrical production at the Zurich Schauspielhaus.
• September 12 – WWII: German paratroopers rescue Mussolini from imprisonment, in "Operation Oak".
• September 16 – WWII: The Salerno Mutiny occurs within the British X Corps.
• September 17 – WWII: The Villefranche-de-Rouergue uprising takes place.
• September 23 – WWII: The Republic of Salò is founded.
• September 27 – WWII: The 4-day Naples Uprising begins.

October[link]

• October 1 – WWII: American forces enter liberated Naples.
• October 6 – WWII: Americans and Japanese fight the naval Battle of Vella Lavella.
• October 7 – WWII: The Naples post office explosion kills 100.
• October 10 – The Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky is instituted in the USSR.
• October 13 – WWII: The new government of Italy sides with the Allies and declares war on Germany.
• October 14 – WWII: José P. Laurel takes the oath of office as President of the Philippines (Second Philippine Republic).
• October 17 – WWII: The last commerce raider hilfskreuzer Michel, was sunk off Japan by United States submarine Tarpon.^[3]
• October 18 – Chiang Kai-shek takes the oath of office as President of China.
• October 21 – Lucie Aubrac and others in her French Resistance cell liberate Raymond Aubrac from Gestapo imprisonment.
• October 22 – WWII: The RAF delivers a highly destructive airstrike on the German industrial and population center of Kassel.
• October 24 – WWII: HMS Eclipse (H08) is sunk by a mine.
• October 28 – The alleged date of The Philadelphia Experiment, in which the U.S. destroyer escort USS Eldridge was to be rendered invisible to human observers for a brief period.
• October 30 – The Merrie Melodies animated short Falling Hare, one of the only shorts with Bugs getting out-smarted, is released in the United States.

November[link]

Chiang Kai-shek, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill at the Cairo Conference, 25 November 1943.

The first Lebanese flag hand drawn and signed by the deputies of the Lebanese parliament, 11 November 1943. The French Mandate ended and Lebanon gained independence in November 1943.

Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill on the verandah of the Soviet Embassy in Tehran during the Tehran Conference.

• November 1 – WWII – Operation Goodtime: United States Marines land on Bougainville in the Solomon Islands.
• November 2 – WWII: In the early morning hours, American and Japanese ships fight the inconclusive Battle of Empress Augusta Bay off Bougainville.
• November 2 – WWII: British troops in Italy reach the Garigliano River.
• November 9 – Agreement for foundation of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration signed by 44 countries in the White House, Washington, D.C.
• November 14 – Leonard Bernstein, substituting at the last minute for ailing principal conductor Bruno Walter, directs the New York Philharmonic in its regular Sunday afternoon broadcast concert over CBS Radio. The event receives front page coverage in the New York Times the following day.
• November 15 – Porajmos: German SS leader Heinrich Himmler orders that Gypsies and "part-Gypsies" be put "on the same level as Jews and placed in concentration camps."
• November 16
  • WWII: After flying from Britain, 160 American bombers strike a hydro-electric power facility and heavy water factory in German-controlled Vemork, Norway.
  • WWII: A Japanese submarine sinks the surfaced U.S. submarine USS Corvina near Truk.
• November 18 – WWII: The Royal Air Force opens its bombing campaign against Berlin, with 440 planes causing only light damage and killing 131. The RAF loses 9 aircraft and 53 aviators.
• November 20 – WWII: Battle of Tarawa: United States Marines land on Tarawa and Makin atolls in the Gilbert Islands and take heavy fire from Japanese shore guns.
• November 22
  • WWII: War in the Pacific: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and ROC leader Chiang Kai-Shek meet at the Cairo Conference to discuss ways to defeat Japan.
  • Lebanon gains independence from France.
• November 23 – The Deutsche Opernhaus on Bismarckstraße in the Berlin neighborhood of Charlottenburg is destroyed. It is rebuilt in 1961 and called the Deutsche Oper Berlin.
• November 25 – WWII: Americans and Japanese fight the naval Battle of Cape St. George between Buka and New Ireland.
• November 28 – WWII – Tehran Conference: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin meet in Tehran to discuss war strategy (on November 30 they establish an agreement concerning a planned June 1944 invasion of Europe codenamed Operation Overlord).
• November 29 – The second session of AVNOJ, the Anti-Fascist Council of National Liberation of Yugoslavia, is held in Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina, to determine the post-war ordering of the country.

December[link]

• December 2 – A Luftwaffe bombing raid on the harbour of Bari, Italy, sinks an American ship with a mustard gas stockpile, causin numerous fatalities (though the exact death toll is unresolved, as the bombing raid itself causes hundreds of deaths too).
• 3 December – In reprisal for an act of sabotage, the SS and Gestapo execute 100 hundred tam wokers.
• December 3 – Edward R. Murrow delivers his classic "Orchestrated Hell" broadcast over CBS Radio, describing a Royal Air Force nighttime bombing raid on Berlin.
• December 4
  • World War II: In Yugoslavia, resistance leader Marshal Josip Broz Tito proclaims a provisional democratic Yugoslav government in-exile.
  • The Great Depression officially ends in the United States: With unemployment figures falling fast due to WWII-related employment, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt closes the [[Works Progress Administrationvia
• December 4 – WWII: Bolivia declares war on Romania and Hungry.
• December 7 – Chiara Lubich starts the Focolare Movement in Trent, northern Italy, during WWII.
• December 20 – A military coup is staged in Bolivia.
• December 24 – World War II: U.S. General Dwight D. Eisenhower becomes the Supreme Allied Commander in Europe.
• December 30 – Subhash Chandra Bose sets up a pro-Japanese Indian government at Port Blair, India.

Date unknown[link]

• Bengal Famine.
• The Colossus computer is invented by the British to break German encryption (see History of computing hardware).
• The Mondragón Cooperative Corporation begins in Basque Country in Spain.
• Arana Hall, Otago is founded in New Zealand.
• Jacques-Yves Cousteau co-invents, with Emile Gagnan, the first commercially successful open circuit type of scuba diving equipment, the Aqua-lung.^[4]
• Publication of Martin Noth's groundbreaking Uberlieferungsgeschischtliche Studien: Die sammelnden und bearbeitenden Geschichtswerke im Alten Testament [Schriften der Konigsberger Gelehrten Gesellschaft: Geisteswissenschaftliche Klasse; 18,2 (trans: "Writings of the Konigsberger Scholarly Society:Spiritual Scientific Class No. 18.2")]: (Halle ["Halle an der Saale"]: M. Niemeyer, 1943)
• The Belzec extermination camp is closed and dismantled by the Nazis

Births[link]

January[link]

• January 1 – Don Novello, American actor
• January 2 – Barış Manço, Turkish singer and television personality (d. 1999)
• January 4 – Doris Kearns Goodwin, American writer
• January 6 – Terry Venables, English football manager
• January 7 – Sadako Sasaki, Japanese atomic bomb sickness victim (d. 1955)
• January 9 – Freddie Starr, English comedian and singer
• January 10 – Jim Croce, American singer-songwriter (d. 1973)
• January 11 – Jim Hightower, American radio host and author
• January 13 – Richard Moll, American television actor
• January 14
  • Ralph M. Steinman, Canadian immunologist and cell biologist; Nobel laureate (d. 2011)
  • Holland Taylor, American stage, film and television actress
• January 15 – Margaret Beckett, British politician
• January 18 – Kay Granger, American politician
• January 19
  • Janis Joplin, American rock singer (d. 1970)
  • Princess Margriet of the Netherlands
• January 20 – Mel Hague, English singer and author
• January 24 – Sharon Tate, American actress and model murdered by the "Manson Family" (d. 1969)
• January 25 – Tobe Hooper, American film director
• January 26 – César Gutiérrez, Venezuelan Major League Baseball player (d. 2005)
• January 28 – John Beck, American actor
• January 29
  • Tony Blackburn, British radio disc jockey
  • Rudy Regalado, Venezuelan musician (d. 2010)

February[link]

• February 2 – Erkan Genis, Turkish artist
• February 3 – Blythe Danner, American actress
• February 4 – Alberto João Jardim, Portuguese politician
• February 5
  • Nolan Bushnell, American video game pioneer
  • Michael Mann, American film director, writer, and producer
  • Craig Morton, American football player
• February 6 – Fabian, American singer
• February 7 – Gareth Hunt, English actor (d. 2007)
• February 8 – Creed Bratton, American actor and musician
• February 9
  • Joe Pesci, American actor
  • Joseph E. Stiglitz, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
• February 14 – Maceo Parker, American musician (James Brown, P-Funk)
• February 18 – Graeme Garden, Scottish writer, comedian, and actor
• February 19
  • Tim Hunt, British biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • Homer Hickam, American author and retired NASA engineer
• February 20
  • Mike Leigh, British film director
  • Antonio Inoki, Japanese professional wrestler
  • Jacqueline Pearce, English actress
• February 21 – David Geffen, American record executive and film producer
• February 23 – Fred Biletnikoff, American football player and coach
• February 24 – Hristo Prodanov, Bulgarian mountaineer
• February 25 – George Harrison, British musician (The Beatles) (d. 2001)
• February 26 – Bill Duke, American actor and director
• February 27
  • Moshe Cotel, American composer and pianist (d. 2008)
  • Morten Lauridsen, American composer

March[link]

• March – John Leeson, British actor (voice of K-9)
• March 1
  • Richard H. Price, American physicist
  • Gil Amelio, American entrepreneur
• March 2
  • Peter Straub, American author
  • Zygfryd Blaut, Polish footballer (d. 2005)
  • Tony Meehan, British drummer (The Shadows) (d. 2005)
• March 3 – Trond Mohn, Norwegian billionaire
• March 4
  • Lucio Dalla, Italian singer and songwriter
  • Zoltan Jeney, Hungarian composer
• March 8 – Lynn Redgrave, English actress (d. 2010)
• March 9
  • Bobby Fischer, American chess player (d. 2008)
  • Charles Gibson, American television journalist
• March 12 – Ratko Mladic, former Bosnian Serb military leader
• March 13 – André Téchiné, French film director
• March 15
  • Sly Stone, American singer
  • David Cronenberg, Canadian film director
• March 16
  • Helen Armstrong, American violinist (d. 2006)
  • Kim Mu-saeng, South Korean actor (d. 2005)
• March 18 – Kevin Dobson, American actor
• March 19
  • Mario J. Molina, Mexican chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
  • Mario Monti, Italian member of the European Commission
• March 20
  • Gerard Malanga, American poet and photographer
  • Naima Neidre, Estonian graphic artist
• March 21
  • Vivian Stanshall, English comedian, writer, artist, broadcaster, and musician (d. 1995)
  • István Gyulai, Hungarian sports official (d. 2006)
• March 22
  • Bruno Ganz, Swiss actor
  • Keith Relf, British rock musician (The Yardbirds) (d. 1976)
• March 25 – Paul Michael Glaser, American actor (Starsky And Hutch)
• March 26 – Bob Woodward, American journalist
• March 29
  • Eric Idle, English actor, writer, and composer
  • John Major, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
  • Vangelis, Greek musician and composer
• March 31 – Christopher Walken, American actor

April[link]

• April 2 – Caterina Bueno, Italian singer
• April 5 – Max Gail, American actor
• April 8 – Miller Farr, American football player
• April 10 – Andrzej Badeński, Polish athlete
• April 11 – Harley Race, American professional wrestler
• April 20 – John Eliot Gardiner, English conductor
• April 22 – Louise Glück, American poet and 12th US Poet Laureate
• April 23
  • Hervé Villechaize, French-born actor (d. 1993)
  • Dominik Duka, Czech Roman Catholic bishop and theologian
  • Frans Koppelaar, Dutch painter
  • Fighting Harada, Japanese boxer
• April 25 – James G. Mitchell, Canadian computer scientist
• April 28 – John O. Creighton, American astronaut
• April 30 – Frederick Chiluba, former President of Zambia (d. 2011)

May[link]

• May 1 – Vassal Gadoengin, Nauruan politician (d. 2004)
• May 5 – Michael Palin, British comedian
• May 6 – Grange Calveley, British writer and artist
• May 10 – Richard (Dick) Darman, American federal government official and businessman
• May 13 – Kurt Trampedach, Danish artist
• May 14
  • Jack Bruce, British musician and songwriter
  • Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, President of Iceland
• May 17 – Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin, King of Malaysia
• May 22 – Betty Williams, Northern Irish political activist, co-recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
• May 25 – Jessi Colter, American singer and composer
• May 26 – Erica Terpstra, Dutch swimmer, politician and president of the Dutch Olympic Committee
• May 27 – Bruce Weitz, American actor
• May 30 – James Chaney, American civil rights worker (d. 1964)
• May 31
  • Joe Namath, American football player
  • Sharon Gless, American actress

June[link]

• June 1 – Lorrie Wilmot, South African cricketer (d. 2004)
• June 2 – Ilayaraaja, Indian composer
• June 3 – John Burgess, Australian game show host and actor
• June 4 – Joyce Meyer, Christian author and speaker
• June 6 – Richard Smalley, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)
• June 7
  • Chan Hung Lit, Hong Kong actor (d. 2009)
  • Nikki Giovanni, American poet
• June 8 – Colin Baker, British actor
• June 13 – Malcolm McDowell, British actor
• June 14 – Jim Sensenbrenner, American politician
• June 15
  • Johnny Hallyday, French singer and actor
  • Poul Nyrup Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark
• June 16 – Joan Van Ark, American actress
• June 17
  • Newt Gingrich, American politician
  • Barry Manilow, American pop musician
• June 21 – Marika Green French-Swedish actress
• June 23 – James Levine, American conductor
• June 26
  • John Beasley, American actor
  • Klaus von Klitzing, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• June 27 – Rico Petrocelli, baseball player
• June 28 – Jens Birkemose, Danish painter
• June 29
  • Maureen O'Brien, British actress
  • Soon-Tek Oh, Japanese actor
• June 30 – Ahmed Sofa, Bangladeshi writer (d. 2001)

July[link]

• July 1 – Jeff Wayne, American musician
• July 3
  • Judith Durham, Australian singer
  • Kurtwood Smith, American actor
• July 4
  • Konrad "Conny" Bauer, German trombonist
  • Geraldo Rivera, American reporter and talk show host
• July 5 – Curt Blefary, American baseball player (d. 2001)
• July 7 – Joel Siegel, American film critic (d. 2007)
• July 8 – Guido Marzulli, Italian painter
• July 9 – Soledad Miranda, Spanish actress (d. 1970)
• July 10 – Arthur Ashe, American tennis player (d. 1993)
• July 12
  • Christine McVie, British rock keyboardist and singer (Fleetwood Mac)
  • Walter Murch, American film editor and sound designer
• July 15 – Jocelyn Bell Burnell, British astrophysicist
• July 16 – Reinaldo Arenas, Cuban writer (d. 1990)
• July 19
  • David Griffin, British actor
  • Han Sai Por, Singaporean sculptor
• July 20
  • Wendy Richard, British actress (d. 2009)
  • Christopher Murney, American actor and vocal artist
• July 21
  • Bob Shrum, political consultant
  • Edward Herrmann, American actor
• July 23
  • Bob Hilton, American game show announcer and host
  • Dr. Randall Forsberg, American nuclear freeze advocate (d. 2007)
• July 25 – Erika Steinbach, German politician
• July 26 – Mick Jagger, English rock singer (The Rolling Stones)
• July 28 – Richard Wright, British musician (Pink Floyd) (d. 2008)

August[link]

• August 2 – Max Wright, American actor
• August 3 – Clarence Wijewardena, Sri Lankan musician (d. 1996)
• August 4 – Bjørn Wirkola, Norwegian ski jumper
• August 5 – Nelson Briles, American baseball player (d. 2005)
• August 6 – Jim Hardin, former Baltimore Orioles, New York Yankees and Atlanta Braves pitcher (d. 1991)
• August 7 – Dino Valente, American musician (d. 1994)
• August 11
  • Abigail Folger, American heiress and murder victim (d. 1969)
  • Pervez Musharraf, Pakistani general and leader
• August 14 – Jimmy Johnson, American football coach and television analyst
• August 17
  • Robert De Niro, American actor
  • Yukio Kasaya, Japanese ski jumper
• August 18 – Gianni Rivera, Italian footballer
• August 20 – Sylvester McCoy, British actor
• August 23 – Bobby Diamond, American actor
• August 27 – Tuesday Weld, American actress
• August 28
  • Lou Piniella, American baseball player and manager
  • Surayud Chulanont, Thailand's 24th Prime Minister
• August 30
  • Tal Brody, American-born Israeli basketball player
  • Altovise Davis, American entertainer (d. 2009)
  • Jean-Claude Killy, French skier
• August 31 – Leonid Ivashov, Russian general

September[link]

• September 1 – Don Stroud, American actor and surfer
• September 3 – Valerie Perrine, American actress and model
• September 5 – Dulce Saguisag, Filipino politician and former DSWD Secretary. (d. 2007)
• September 6
  • Richard J. Roberts, English biochemist and molecular biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • Roger Waters, English musician (Pink Floyd)
• September 9 – Art LaFleur, American actor
• September 10
  • Daniel Truhitte, American actor
  • Neale Donald Walsch, American author of the popular books Conversations with God
• September 11
  • Gilbert Proesch, Italian-born artist (Gilbert and George)
  • Raymond Villeneuve, Canadian terrorist
• September 13 – Mildred D. Taylor, American writer
• September 14 – Irwin Goodman, Finnish singer (d. 1991)
• September 19 – Joe Morgan, American Hall of Fame baseball player
• September 22 – Toni Basil, American musician and video artist
• September 28 – J. T. Walsh, American actor (d. 1998)
• September 29 – Lech Wałęsa, President of Poland, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
• September 30
  • Johann Deisenhofer, German biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate
  • Ian Ogilvy, English actor

October[link]

• October 1 – Jean Jacques Annaud, French film director
• October 2 – Franklin Rosemont, American poet
• October 4 – Margaret Pemberton, English writer
• October 6 – Michael Durrell, American actor
• October 8 – Chevy Chase, American comedian and actor
• October 14
  • Lois Hamilton, American model, actress and artist (d. 1999)
  • Mohammad Khatami, former President of Iran
• October 16 – Paul Rose, Canadian terrorist
• October 18 – Birthe Rønn Hornbech, Danish politician
• October 20 – Noreen Corcoran, American former child actress and director
• October 27 – Carmen Argenziano, American actor
• October 31 – Paul Frampton, English physicist

November[link]

• November 1 – Jacques Attali, French economist
• November 4 – Chuck Scarborough, American news anchor
• November 5
  • Friedman Paul Erhardt, German-American pioneering television chef (d. 2007)
  • Sam Shepard, American playwright and actor
• November 7
  • Joni Mitchell, Canadian musician
  • Michael Spence, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
  • Stephen Greenblatt, American literary critic
• November 11 – Doug Frost, Australian swimming coach
• November 12 – Wallace Shawn, American actor
• November 13
  • Jay Sigel, American golfer
  • Roberto Boninsegna, Italian footballer
• November 14 – Peter Norton, American software engineer and businessman
• November 17 – Lauren Hutton, American actress and model
• November 19 – Aurelio Monteagudo, Cuban Major League Baseball player (d. 1990)
• November 20 – Mie Hama, Japanese actress
• November 21 – Larry Mahan, American rodeo cowboy
• November 22
  • Peter Adair, American filmmaker
  • Yvan Cournoyer, Canadian ice hockey player
  • Billie Jean King, American tennis player
• November 23 – Denis Sassou-Nguesso, President of the Republic of the Congo
• November 24 – Dave Bing, American mayor and longtime NBA player
• November 26 – Marilynne Robinson, American writer
• November 28 – Randy Newman, American musician

December[link]

Ben Kingsley

Keith Richards

• December 2 – Wayne Allard, U.S Senator from Colorado
• December 5 – Eva Joly, Norwegian-born French magistrate
• December 8
  • José Carbajal, Uruguayan singer, composer and guitarist (d. 2010)
  • James Douglas "Jim" Morrison, American rock musician (The Doors) (d. 1971)
  • Bodo Tümmler, German Olympic middle-distance runner
• December 11 – John Kerry, American politician
• December 12
  • Tridib Mitra, Indian Bengali Poet of the Hungry generation Movement
  • Grover Washington, Jr., American saxophonist (d. 1999)
  • Gianni Russo, American actor
• December 13 – Ferguson Jenkins, Canadian baseball player
• December 15 – Lucien den Arend, Dutch sculptor
• December 17 – Ron Geesin, British musician and songwriter (Pink Floyd)
• December 18 – Keith Richards, English rock guitarist and songwriter (The Rolling Stones)
• December 19 – Ross M. Lence, American political scientist (d. 2006)
• December 23
  • Harry Shearer, American actor, comedian and screenwriter
  • Elizabeth Hartman, American actress (d. 1987)
• December 24
  • Tarja Halonen, President of Finland
  • James A. Johnson (businessman), American business leader and philanthropist
• December 28
  • Keith Floyd, British chef (d. 2009)
  • Richard Whiteley, English television presenter (d. 2005)
• December 31
  • John Denver, American musician (d. 1997)
  • Ben Kingsley, British actor

Date unknown[link]

• Kim Tai Chung, Korean martial artist and former actor and Bruce Lee double
• Tang Da Wu, Singaporean artist
• James Goldstein, LA businessman and NBA basketball aficionado

Deaths[link]

January[link]

• January 5 – George Washington Carver, African-American botanist (b. 1864)
• January 7 – Nikola Tesla, Croatian-born American scientist (b. 1856)
• January 8 – Richard Hillary, Battle of Britain Spitfire pilot, author of The Last Enemy (b. 1919)
• January 15 – Eric Knight, American author of Lassie
• January 21 – Robert Henry English, American admiral (b. 1888)
• January 23 – Alexander Woollcott, American critic (b. 1887)

February[link]

• February 4 – Frank Calder, the first NHL President (b. 1877)
• February 5 – W.S. Van Dyke, American director (b. 1889)
• February 11 – Bess Houdini, American wife of Harry Houdini
• February 22
  • Christoph Probst, German White Rose resistance member (executed) (b. 1919)
  • Hans Scholl, German White Rose resistance member (executed) (b. 1918)
  • Sophie Scholl, German White Rose resistance member (executed) (b. 1921)
• February 26 – Theodor Eicke, German Nazi official (b. 1892)

March[link]

• March 10 – Tully Marshall, American actor (b. 1864)
• March 19 – Frank Nitti, Italian-American gangster (suicide) (b. 1888)
• March 28 – Sergei Rachmaninoff, Russian composer (b. 1873)

April[link]

• April 3 – Conrad Veidt, German actor (b. 1893)
• April 7 – Alexandre Millerand, French president (b. 1859)
• April 8
  • Harry Baur, French actor (b. 1880)
  • Richard Sears, American tennis champion (b. 1861)
• April 18 – Isoroku Yamamoto, Japanese admiral (b. 1884)
• April 24 – Kenneth Whiting, United States Navy officer and submarine and naval aviation pioneer (b. 1881)

May[link]

• May 7 – Fethi Okyar, ex prime minister of Turkey (b.1880)
• May 17 – Montague Love, British actor (b. 1877)
• May 19 – Kristjan Raud, Estonian painter and drawer (b. 1865)
• May 22 – Helen Taft, Wife of President William Howard Taft (b. 1861)
• May 26 – Edsel Ford, American President of Ford Motor Company (b. 1893)
• May 31 – Helmut Kapp, German Gestapo official

June[link]

• June 1 – Leslie Howard, British actor (b. 1893)
• June 2 – Nile Kinnick, American athlete and Heisman Trophy winner (b. 1918)
• June 4 – Kermit Roosevelt, American explorer and author (b. 1889)
• June 26 – Karl Landsteiner, Austrian biologist and physician (b. 1868)

July[link]

• July 4 – Wladyslaw Sikorski, Polish politician (b. 1881)
• July 8
  • Jean Moulin, French resistance fighter (b. 1899)
  • Sir Harry Oakes, American-born English gold mine owner (murdered) (b. 1874)
• July 12 – Cecilia Loftus, stage actress (b. 1876)
• July 13 – Luz Long, German long jump athlete (b. 1913)
• July 21 – Charlie Paddock, American athlete (b. 1900)

August[link]

• August 9 – Chaim Soutine, Russian painter (born 1893)
• August 12 – Bobby Peel, English cricketer (b. 1857)
• August 14 – Joe Kelley, American baseball player (b. 1871)
• August 17 – Hans Jeschonnek, German general (b. 1899)
• August 21 – Henrik Pontoppidan, Danish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1857)
• August 24 – Simone Weil, French philosopher (b. 1909)
• August 26 – Ted Ray, British golfer (b. 1877)
• August 28 – King Boris III of Bulgaria (b. 1894)

September[link]

• September 1 – Charles Atangana, Cameroonian chief (b. ca. 1880)
• September 6 – Reginald McKenna, British Chancellor of the Exchequer 1915–1916 (b. 1863)
• September 9 – Carlo Bergamini, Italian admiral (b. 1888)
• September 19 – Germaine Cernay, French mezzo soprano (b. 1900
• September 23 – Elinor Glyn, British wrtier (b. 1864)
• September 24 – John Stone Stone, American physicist and inventor (b. 1869)

October[link]

• October 5 – Leon Roppolo, American musician (b. 1902)
• October 9 – Pieter Zeeman, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865)
• October 19 – Camille Claudel, French sculptor (b. 1864)
• October 21 – Dudley Pound, British admiral (b. 1877)
• October 23 – Ben Bernie, American jazz pianist (b. 1891)
• October 30 – Max Reinhardt, Austrian director (b. 1873)

November[link]

• November 7 – Dwight Frye, American actor (b. 1899)
• November 22 – Lorenz Hart, American lyricist (b. 1895)
• November 23 – Charles Ray, American actor (b. 1891)
• November 24
  • Doris "Dorie" Miller, Americsn sailor, Pearl Harbor survivor (b. 1919)
  • Henry M. Mullinnix, American admiral (b. 1892)
• November 26 – Edward "Butch" O'Hare, American fighter pilot (b. 1914)

December[link]

• December 1 – Damrong Rajanubhab, Thai prince and historian (b. 1862)
• December 9 – Georges Dufrénoy, French post-impressionnist painter (b. 1870)
• December 14 – John Harvey Kellogg, American doctor (b. 1852)
• December 15 – Fats Waller, African-American jazz pianist (Ain't Misbehavin') (b. 1904)
• December 22 – Beatrix Potter, British children's author and illustrator (Peter Rabbit & Jemima Puddle-duck) (b. 1866)
• December 25 – William Irving, German-born American film actor (b. 1893)
• December 26 – Erich Bey, German admiral (b. 1898)
• December 30 – Hobart Bosworth, American film actor, director, writer, and producer (b. 1867)
• December 27 – Rupert Julian, New Zealand-born film director (b. 1879)

Nobel Prizes[link]

• Physics – Otto Stern
• Chemistry – George de Hevesy
• Physiology or Medicine – Carl Peter Henrik Dam, Edward Adelbert Doisy
• Literature – not awarded
• Peace – not awarded

References[link]

External links[link]

• 1943 Coin Pictures

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1960

Year 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. It was the first year of the 1960s and is also known as the "Year of Africa".

Events[link]

January[link]

• January – The state of emergency is lifted in Kenya, officially ending the Mau Mau Uprising.
• January 1 – Cameroon gains its independence from French-administered U.N. trusteeship.
• January 2 – U.S. Senator John F. Kennedy (D-MA) announces his candidacy for the Democratic presidential nomination.
• January 9–January 11 – Aswan High Dam construction begins in Egypt.
• January 10 – British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan makes the Wind of Change speech for the first time (see February 3).
• January 14 – The Reserve Bank and Commonwealth Bank are created in Australia.
• January 19 – The Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan is signed in Washington, D.C.
• January 21 – A mine collapses at Coalbrook, South Africa, killing 500 miners.
• January 22
  • In France, President Charles de Gaulle fires Jacques Massu, the commander-in-chief of the French troops in Algeria.
  • Jacques Piccard and Don Walsh descend into the Mariana Trench in the bathyscaphe Trieste, reaching the depth of 10,911 meters (35,797 feet) and become the first human beings to reach the lowest spot on Earth.
• January 24 – A major insurrection occurs in Algiers against French colonial policy.
• January 25 – In Washington, D.C., the National Association of Broadcasters reacts to the payola scandal by threatening fines for any disc jockeys who accepted money for playing particular records.
• January 30 – The African National Party is founded in Chad, through the merger of traditionalist parties.

February[link]

• February 1 – In Greensboro, North Carolina, four black students from North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University begin a sit-in at a segregated Woolworth's lunch counter. Although they are refused service, they are allowed to stay at the counter. The event triggers many similar nonviolent protests throughout the Southern United States, and six months later the original four protesters are served lunch at the same counter.

A section of lunch counter from the Greensboro, North Carolina Woolworth's where the Greensboro sit-ins began is now preserved in the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History

• February 3 – Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Harold Macmillan makes the Wind of Change speech to the South African Parliament in Cape Town (although he had first made the speech, to little publicity, in Accra, Gold Coast – now Ghana – on January 10).
• February 5 – The first CERN particle accelerator becomes operational in Geneva, Switzerland.
• February 9
  • Joanne Woodward receives the first star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in Southern California.
  • Adolph Coors III, the chairman of the board of the Coors Brewing Company, is kidnapped, and his captors demand a ransom of $500,000. Coors was later found murdered, and Joseph Corbett, Jr., is indicted for the crime.
• February 10 – A conference about the proposed independence of the Belgian Congo begins in Brussels, Belgium.
• February 11
  • The N class blimp ZPG-3W of the U.S. Navy is destroyed during a storm over Massachusetts.
  • Twelve Indian soldiers die in clashes with Red Chinese troops along their small common border.
• February 13 – France tests its first atomic bomb - in the Sahara Desert of Algeria.
• February 18 – The 1960 Winter Olympic Games begin at the Squaw Valley Ski Resort, in Placer County, California.
• February 26 – A New York bound Alitalia airliner crashes into a cemetery at Shannon, Ireland, shortly after takeoff, killing 34 of the 52 persons on board.
• February 29 – The 1960 Agadir earthquake completely destroys the town of Agadir, Morocco.

March[link]

• March 3 – Elvis Presley returns home from Germany, after being away on duty for 2 years.
• March 5 – Alberto Korda takes his iconic photograph of Che Guevara, Guerrillero Heroico, in Havana.
• March 6
  • Vietnam War: The United States announces that 3,500 American soldiers will be sent to Vietnam.
  • The Canton of Geneva in Switzerland gives women the right to vote.
• March 17 – Northwest Airlines Flight 710 crashes near Tell City, Indiana, killing all 63 on board.
• March 21 – The Sharpeville massacre in South Africa results in more than 69 dead, 300 injured.
• March 22 – Arthur Leonard Schawlow & Charles Hard Townes receive the first patent for a laser.
• March 23 – Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev meets French president Charles de Gaulle in Paris.
• March 29 – Tom Pillibi by Jacqueline Boyer (music by André Popp, text by Pierre Cour) wins the Eurovision Song Contest 1960 for France.

April[link]

• April 1
  • Tuanku Abdul Rahman ibni Almarhum Tuanku Muhammad, 1st Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia, dies in office. He is replaced by Hisamuddin Alam Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah, Sultan of Selangor.

• • The United States launches the first weather satellite, TIROS-1.
  • The 1960 United States Census begins. There are 179,323,175 U.S. residents on this day.^[1] All people from Latin America are listed as white, including blacks from the Dominican Republic, European whites from Argentina and Mexicans who resemble Native Americans.
• April 4
  • At the 32nd Academy Awards ceremony, Ben-Hur wins a record number of Oscars, including Best Picture.
  • Elvis Presley's song "Are You Lonesome Tonight" is recorded for the first time
• April 12 – Eric Peugeot, the youngest son of the founder of the Peugeot Corporation, is kidnapped in Paris. Then, he is released on April 15 in exchange for $300,000 in ransom.
• April 13
  • United States launches navigation satellite Transit I-b.
  • The proposed mass-production of the Blue Streak missile is canceled.
• April 16 – The gunman David Pratt shoots South African Prime Minister Henrik Verwoerd in Johannesburg, wounding him seriously.
• April 17 – Russwood Park, a baseball stadium in Memphis, Tennessee, burns to the ground from a fire shortly after a Chicago White Sox versus Cleveland Indians Major League Baseball game.
• April 19 – April Revolution: South Korean students hold a nationwide pro-democracy protest against President Syngman Rhee. Thus eventually leads him to resign from that office.
• April 21 – In Brazil, the country's capital (Federal District) is relocated from the city of Rio de Janeiro to the new city, Brasília, in the highlands. The actual city of Rio de Janeiro becomes the State of Guanabara.
• April 27 – Togo gains independence from France, with the French-administered United Nations Trust Territory being terminated.

May[link]

• May 1

Francis Gary Powers wearing special pressure suit for stratospheric flying

• • Several Soviet surface-to-air missiles shoot down an American Lockheed U-2 spy plane. Its pilot, Francis Gary Powers, of the Central Intelligence Agency is captured.
  • In India, May 1 is declared as 'Maharashtra Divas', i.e., Maharashtra Day (also celebrated as 'Kaamgaar Divas', i.e., Workers Day).
• May 3
  • European Free Trade Association (EFTA) established.
  • The Fantasticks, the world's longest-running musical, opens at New York City's Sullivan Street Playhouse where it will play for 42 years.
• May 4
  • West German refugee minister Theodor Oberländer is fired because of his past with Nazi Germany.
  • A.J. Liebling promulgates Liebling's Law in The New Yorker magazine: "Freedom of the press is guaranteed only to those who own one."
• May 6 – President of the United States Dwight D. Eisenhower signs the Civil Rights Act of 1960 into law.
• May 9 – The U.S. Food and Drug Administration announces that it will approve birth control as an additional indication for Searle's Enovid, making it the world's first approved oral contraceptive pill.
• May 10 – The nuclear submarine USS Triton, under the command of Captain Edward L. Beach, Jr., completes the first underwater circumnavigation of the Earth codenamed Operation Sandblast.
• May 11 – In Buenos Aires, four Mossad agents abduct the fugitive Nazi criminal against humanity, Adolf Eichmann, in order that he could be taken to Israel and put on trial. Eichmann was later convicted and executed.
• May 13 – A joint Swiss & Austrian expedition makes the first ascent of the Asian mountain, Dhaulagiri, the world's 7th highest mountain.
• May 14 – The Kenyan African National Congress Party is founded in Kenya, when 3 political parties join forces.
• May 15 – The satellite Sputnik 4 is launched into orbit by the Soviet Union.
• May 16
  • Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev demands an apology from President Dwight D. Eisenhower for the U-2 reconnaissance plane flights over the Soviet Union, thus aborting the summit meeting scheduled for Paris in 1960.
  • Theodore Maiman operates the first laser.
• May 20 – In Japan, police carry away socialist members of the Diet of Japan. The Diet next approves a mutual security treaty with the United States.
• May 22 – The Great Chilean Earthquake: Chile's subduction fault ruptures from Talcahuano to Taitao Peninsula, causing the most powerful earthquake on record (with a magnitude of 9.5) and a tsunami. Because of its power, the seismographs in the city of Valdivia are overloaded and malfunction through the entire earthquake.
• May 23 – Prime Minister of Israel David Ben-Gurion announces that Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann has been captured.
• May 27 – In Turkey, a bloodless military coup d'état removes President Celal Bayar and installs General Cemal Gürsel the as head of state.
• May 30 – Cemal Gürsel forms the new government of Turkey (its 24th government, composed mostly of so-called "technocrats")

June[link]

• June 1 – New Zealand's first television station begins broadcasting in the city of Auckland.
• June 7 – U.S. Senator John F. Kennedy wins the California Democratic primary.
• June 9 – Typhoon Mary kills 1,600 people in China.
• June 15
  • Violent demonstrations at Tokyo University result in 182 arrests, 589 injuries.
  • The BC Ferries company, later to become the second-largest ferry operator in th world, commences service between Tsawwassen and Swartz Bay, British Columbia, Canada.

• June 19 – The Associated Broadcasting Company (now TV5) is founded in the Philippines.
• June 20 – The short-lived Mali Federation, consisting of the Sudanese Republic (now the Republic of Mali) and Senegal, gains independence from France.
• June 23 – The Japanese prime minister, Nobusuke Kishi, announces his resignation.
• June 24 – Joseph Kasavubu is elected as the first President of the independent Congo.
• June 26
  • British Somaliland receives its independence from the United Kingdom. Five days later, it unites with Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) to create the Somalia.
  • The Malagasy Republic, now Madagascar, becomes independent from France
• June 30
  • The Belgian Congo receives its independence from Belgium as the Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville). A civil war followed closely on the heels of this.
  • Public demonstrations by democratic and left forces, against Italian government support of the post-fascist Italian Social Movement, are heavily suppressed by police.

July[link]

• July 1
  • Ghana becomes a republic and Kwame Nkrumah becomes its first President.
  • Cold War: A Soviet Air Force MiG-19 fighter plane flying north of Murmansk, Russia, over the Barents Sea shoots down a six-man RB-47 Stratojet reconnaissance plane of the U.S. Air Force. Four of the U.S. Air Force officers are killed, and the two survivors are held prisoner in the Soviet Union
  • Italian Somaliland gains its independence from Italy, 5 days after British Somaliland, with which it unites to form the Somali Republic.
• July 4 – Following the admission of the State of Hawaii as the 50th state in August 1959, the new 50-star Flag of the United States is first officially flown over Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
• July 10 – The Soviet Union national football team defeats the Yugoslavian national football team 2–1 in Paris to win the first European Soccer Championship.
• July 11
  • Moise Tshombe declares the Congolese province of Katanga independent. He requests and receives help from Belgium.
  • Harper Lee publishes her novel To Kill a Mockingbird, which later wins the Pulitzer Prize for the best American novel of 1960.
• July 13 – The U.S. Senator John F. Kennedy is nominated for President of the United States at the Democratic National Convention in Los Angeles.
• July 14 – The United Nations Security Council decides to send troops to Katanga to oversee the withdrawal of Belgian troops.
• July 20 – Ceylon elects Mrs Sirimavo Bandaranaike as its Prime Minister, the world's first elected female head of government. She takes office the following day.
• July 21 – Francis Chichester, English navigator and yachtsman, arrives at New York City aboard his yacht, Gypsy Moth II, crossing the Atlantic Ocean solo in a new record of just forty days.
• July 25 – The Woolworth Company's lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina, the location of a sit-in that had sparked demonstrations by Negroes across the Southern United States, serves a meal to its first black customer.
• July 25–July 28 – In Chicago, the Republican National Convention nominates Vice-President Richard Nixon as its candidate for President of the United States, and Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr., as its candidate to become the new Vice-President.

August[link]

• August 1 – Dahomey, now known as Benin, becomes independent from France.
• August 3 – Niger becomes independent from France.
• August 5 – Upper Volta, now known as Burkina Faso, becomes independent from France.
• August 6
  • Cuban Revolution: In response to a United States embargo against Cuba, Fidel Castro nationalizes all American and foreign-owned property in Cuba.
  • In the Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville), now the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Albert Kalonji declares the independence of the "Autonomous State of South Kasai".
• August 7 – The Côte d'Ivoire (the Ivory Coast) becomes independent from France.
• August 11 – Chad becomes independent from France.
• August 13 – Ubangi-Shari becomes independent from France, as the "Central African Republic". It later becomes the "Central African Empire" for some years.
• August 15 – Middle Congo becomes independent from France, as Republic of Congo (Congo-Brazzaville).
• August 16
  • Joseph Kittinger parachutes from a balloon over New Mexico at an aititude of about 102,800 feet (31,333 meters). Kittinger set unbeaten (as of 2012^[update]) world records for: high-altitude jump; free-fall by falling 16.0 miles (25.7 kilometers) before opening his parachute; and the fastest speed attained by a human being without mechanical or chemical assistance, about 982 k.p.h (614 m.p.h.). Kittinger survived more or less uninjured, and he is still alive in Florida as of 2012.
  • The Mediterranean island of Cyprus receives its independence from the United Kingdom.
• August 17
  • The newly-named band, the Beatles begin a 48-night series of performances at the Indra Club in Hamburg, Germany.
  • Gabon becomes independent from France.
  • The trial of the American U - 2 pilot Francis Gary Powers begins in Moscow.
• August 19
  • Cold War: In Moscow, the American U - 2 pilot Francis Gary Powers is sentenced to 10 years in prison for espionage.
  • Sputnik program: The Soviet Union launches the satellite Sputnik 5, with the dogs Belka and Strelka (the Russian for "Squirrel" and "Little Arrow"), 40 mice, two rats and a variety of plants. This satellite returns to earth the next day and all animals are recovered safely.
• August 20 – Senegal breaks away from the Mali Federation, declaring its independence.
• August 25
  • The 1960 Summer Olympic Games begin in Rome.
  • The American nuclear submarine USS Seadragon (SSN-584) surfaced through the arctic ice cap at the North Pole, the first submarine ever to do so.
• August 29 – Hurricane Donna kills 50 people in Florida and New England.

September[link]

• September 1
  • Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah, Sultan of Selangor and 2nd Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia, dies in office. He is replaced by Tuanku Syed Putra, Raja of Perlis.
  • Disgruntled railroad workers effectively halt operations of the Pennsylvania Railroad, marking the first shutdown in the company's history (the event lasts two days).
• September 2 – The first elections of the Parliament of the Central Tibetan Administration are held. The Tibetan community observes this date as Democracy Day.
• September 5
  • 1960 Summer Olympic Games: Cassius Clay wins the gold medal in light-heavyweight boxing.
  • The Congolese president, Joseph Kasavubu, fires Patrice Lumumba's entire government, and also places Lumumba under house arrest.
• September 6 – William Hamilton Martin and Bernon F. Mitchell, two American cryptologists, announce their defection to the Soviet Union at a press conference in Moscow.
• September 8 – In Huntsville, Alabama, U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower formally dedicates the Marshall Space Flight Center (which had been activated by NASA on July 1).
• September 14
  • Colonel Joseph Mobutu takes power in Republic of the Congo via a military coup.
  • The countries of Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela form OPEC.
• September 22 – Mali, the sole remaining member of the "Mali Federation" following the withdrawal of Senegal one month earlier, declares its full independence as the Republic of Mali.
• September 26 – The leading candidates for President of the United States, Richard Nixon and John F. Kennedy, made the first televised debate.

October[link]

• October 1 – Nigeria becomes independent from United Kingdom, and Nnamdi Azikiwe becomes its first native-born Governor General.
  • Cameroon declared independence from United Kingdom.
• October 3 – Jânio Quadros is elected the President of Brazil for a five-year term.
• October 5 – White South Africans vote to make the country a republic.
• October 7 – Nigeria becomes the 99th member of the United Nations.
• October 12
  • Cold War: Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev pounds his shoe on a table at a meeting of the United Nations General Assembly, his way of protesting the discussion of the Soviet Union's policies toward Eastern Europe.
  • Otoya Yamaguchi assassinates Inejiro Asanuma, the chairman of the Japanese Socialist Party.
• October 13 – The Pittsburgh Pirates won the 1960 World Series of baseball in Game 7, on a home run hit by Bill Mazeroski for a 10–9 victory over the New York Yankees. It was the first time in the history of the Series that a homer had won the championship.^[2]
• October 14 – Presidential candidate John F. Kennedy first suggests the idea for the Peace Corps of the United States.
• October 24 – A large rocket explodes on the launch pad at the Baikonur Cosmodrome, killing at least 90 people of the Soviet space program.
• October 26 – Robert F. Kennedy telephones Coretta Scott King, the wife of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and he also secures King's release from jail regarding a traffic violation in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S..
• October 29 – In Louisville, Kentucky, Cassius Clay (later Muhammad Ali) wins his first professional boxing match.
• October 30 – Dr. Michael Woodruff carries out the first successful kidney transplant in the United Kingdom, in Edinburgh, Scotland, at the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary.

November[link]

• November 2 – Penguin Books is found not guilty of obscenity in the case of D. H. Lawrence's novel Lady Chatterley's Lover.
• November 8 – United States presidential election, 1960: In a close race, John F. Kennedy is elected over Richard Nixon, to become (at 43) the second youngest man to serve at the President of the United States, and the youngest man elected to this position.
• November 13 – Sammy Davis, Jr., marries the Swedish actress May Britt.
• November 14
  • Belgium threatens to leave the United Nations over criticism of its policy concerning the Republic of the Congo.
  • A collision between two trains in Pardubice, Czechoslovakia, kills 117 people.
• November 15 – A Polaris missile is test-launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida

November 15: Polaris missile test

• November 22 – The United Nations supports the government of Joseph Kasavubu and Joseph Mobutu in the Republic of the Congo.
• November 24 – The professional basketball player Wilt Chamberlain of the Philadelphia 76ers gets 55 rebounds in an NBA game versus the Boston Celtics.
• November 28 – Mauritania becomes independent of France.

December[link]

• December – African and Malagasy Organisation for Economic Cooperation (OAMCE) (Organisation Africain et Malagache de Coopération Économique) is established.
• December 1
  • Patrice Lumumba, the deposed premier of the Republic of the Congo, is arrested by the troops of Colonel Joseph Mobutu.
  • A Soviet satellite containing live animals and plants is launched into orbit. Due to a malfunction it burns up during re-entry.
• December 2
  • The Archbishop of Canterbury, the Most Rev. Geoffrey Francis Fisher, talks with Pope John XXIII for about one hour in Vatican City. This is the first time that any chief of the Anglican Church had ever visited the Pope.
  • U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower authorizes the use of $1.0 million for the relief and resettlement of Cuban refugees, who had been arriving in Florida at the rate of about 1,000 per week.
• December 4 – The admission of Mauritania to the United Nations vetoed by the Soviet Union for inscrutable reasons.
• December 5
  • Pierre Lagaillarde, who led the insurrections in 1958 and 1960 in Algeria, fails to appear in court in Paris, France. He had reportedly fled with his four fellow defendants to Spain en route to return to Algeria.
  • Boynton v. Virginia: The Supreme Court declares that segregation in public transportation is illegal in the United States.
• December 7 – The United Nations Security Council is called into session by the Soviet Union in order to consider Soviet demands for the Security Council to seek the immediate release of the former Congolese Premier Patrice Lumumba.
• December 8 – For the first time, the Mary Martin Peter Pan is presented as a stand-alone two-hour special on NBC instead of as part of an anthology series. This version, rather than being presented live, is shown on videotape, enabling NBC to repeat it as often as they wish without having to restage it. Although nearly all of the adult actors repeat their original Broadway roles, all of the original children have, ironically, outgrown their roles and are replaced by new actors.
• December 9
  • French President Charles de Gaulle's visit to Algeria is bloodied by European and Muslim rioters in Algeria's largest cities. These riots caused 127 deaths.
  • The first episode of the classic British TV series Coronation Street is broadcast. Planned as a 13-part drama, it becomes such a success among viewers that it is still shown five times per week.
• December 11 – MGM's The Wizard of Oz is rerun on CBS only a year after its previous telecast, thus beginning the tradition of annual telecasts of the film.
• December 12 – The Supreme Court of the United States upholds a lower Federal Court ruling that the State of Louisiana's laws on racial segregation laws are unconstitutional, and overturns them.
• December 13
  • While Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia visits Brazil, his Imperial Bodyguard leads a military coup against his rule, proclaiming that the emperor's son, Crown Prince Asfa Wossen, is the new emperor.
  • The countries of El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua announce the formation of the Central American Common Market.
  • The U.S. Navy's Commander Leroy Heath (the pilot) and Lieutenant Larry Monroe (the bombardier/navigator) establish a world flight-altitude record of 91,450 feet (27,874 m), with payload, in an A-5 Vigilante twinjet bomber carrying a 1,000 kilogram payload, and they better the previous world record by over four miles (6 km).
• December 14 – Antoine Gizenga proclaims in Republic of the Congo, that he has taken over as the premier.
• December 15
  • King Mahendra of Nepal deposes the democratic government there and he takes direct control himself.
  • King Baudouin of Belgium marries Doña Fabiola de Mora y Aragon.
• December 16
  • Secretary of State Christian Herter announces that the United States will commit five nuclear submarines and eighty Polaris missiles to the defense of the NATO countries by the end of 1963.
  • New York air disaster: a United Airlines DC-8 collides in mid-air with a TWA Lockheed Constellation over Staten Island in New York City. All 128 passengers and crewmembers on the two airliners, and six people on the ground, are killed.
• December 17 – Troops loyal to Emperor Haile Selassie I in Ethiopia overcome the coup that began on December 13, returning the reins to the Emperor upon his return from a trip to Brazil. The Emperor absolves his own son of any guilt.
• December 19 – Fire sweeps through the USS Constellation, to become the U.S. Navy's largest aircraft carrier, while she is under construction at the Brooklyn Navy Yard. 50 workers are killed and 150 are injured.
• December 27 – France sets off its third A-bomb test at its nuclear weapons testing range near Reggane, Algeria.
• December 31 – Last day on which the farthing, a coin first minted in England in the 13th century, is legal tender in the United Kingdom.

Ongoing events[link]

• Beginning in 1959, Argentina suffers economic recession.

World population[link]

• World population: 3,021,475,001
  • Africa: 277,398,000
  • Asia: 1,701,336,000
  • Europe: 604,401,000
  • Latin-America: 218,300,000
  • Northern America: 204,152,000
  • Oceania: 15,888,000

Births[link]

January–February[link]

• January 2 – Naoki Urasawa, Japanese manga author and artist
• January 4
  • Michael Stipe, American rock singer (R.E.M.)
  • Art Paul Schlosser, American comedian,singer and song writer
• January 6
  • Kari Jalonen, Finnish ice hockey player
  • Howie Long, American football player
  • Miriam O'Callaghan, Irish television current affairs broadcaster
• January 10
  • Samira Said, Moroccan singer
  • Brian Cowen, Taoiseach of Ireland
• January 12
  • Oliver Platt, Canadian actor
  • Dominique Wilkins, American basketball player
• January 13 – Kevin Anderson, American actor
• January 20 – Will Wright, American computer game designer
• January 22 – Michael Hutchence, Australian rock musician (INXS) (d. 1997)
• January 23 – Patrick de Gayardon, French skydiver and skysurfing pioneer (d. 1998)
• January 24
  • Rick Leventhal, American news journalist
  • Mária Bajzek Lukács Hungarian Slovene writer, adjunct of the University ELTE
• January 28 – Robert von Dassanowsky, American cultural historian, writer, and producer
• January 29
  • Greg Louganis, American diver
  • Gia Carangi, American model (d. 1986)
  • Sean Kerly, British field hockey player
• January 30 – Alex Titomirov Russian-American businessman
• February 2 – Jari Porttila, Finnish sports journalist
• February 3
  • Kerry Von Erich, American professional wrestler (d. 1993)
  • Joachim Löw, German football manager
• February 7 – James Spader, American actor
• February 13
  • Pierluigi Collina, Italian football (soccer) referee
  • Gary Patterson, American football coach
• February 14 – Jim Kelly, American football player
• February 16 – Cherie Chung, Hong Kong actress
• February 18 – Tony Anselmo, American animator
• February 19 – Prince Andrew, Duke of York, British prince and second son of Elizabeth II and The Duke of Edinburgh
• February 21
  • Henry G. Brinton, American writer and minister
  • Laurent Petitguillaume, French radio and television host
• February 23 – Naruhito, Crown Prince of Japan
• February 27 – Andrés Gómez, Ecuadorian tennis player
• February 28 – Dorothy Stratten, Canadian model and actress (d. 1980)
• February 29 – Richard Ramirez, American serial killer

March–April[link]

• March 2 – Hector Calma Filipino basketball player
• March 4
  • Mikko Kuustonen, Finnish singer and songwriter
  • John Mugabi, Ugandan boxer and world Junior Middleweight champion
• March 7
  • Joe Carter, American baseball player
  • Ivan Lendl, Czech tennis player
• March 8 – Finn Carter, American actress
• March 10 – Anne MacKenzie, Scottish broadcaster
• March 12 – Minoru Niihara, Japanese singer (Loudness)
• March 13
  • Adam Clayton, Irish rock bassist (U2)
  • Joe Ranft, American animator (d. 2005)
• March 14 – Kirby Puckett, American baseball player (d. 2006)
• March 16 – Jenny Eclair, British comedian, actress and novelist
• March 18 – Richard Biggs, American actor (d. 2004)
• March 19 – Simo Aalto, Finnish magician
• March 20 – Norm Magnusson, American artist
• March 21 – Ayrton Senna, Brazilian race car driver (d. 1994)
• March 23 – Nicol Stephen, Scottish politician
• March 24 –
  • Jan Berglin, Swedish cartoonist
  • Nena, German singer
• March 26 – Marcus Allen, American football player
• March 27
  • Hans Pflügler, German footballer
  • Renato Russo, Brazilian singer (Legião Urbana) (d. 1996)
• March 29 – Hiromi Tsuru, Japanese seiyuu
• April 1 – Michael Praed, British actor
• April 2 – Linford Christie, British athlete
• April 3 – Elizabeth Gracen, American beauty queen, actress, and model
• April 4 – Hugo Weaving, Australian actor
• April 11 – Jeremy Clarkson, English journalist and television show host
• April 13 – Rudi Voller, German footballer and manager
• April 14 – Brad Garrett, American actor
• April 15 – Susanne Bier, Danish film director
• April 16
  • Pierre Littbarski, German footballer and coach
  • Rafael Benítez, Spanish football manager
  • Wahab Akbar, Filipino politician (d. 2007)
• April 18 – Neo Rauch, German painter
• April 19 – Frank Viola, American baseball player
• April 22 – Tatiana Thumbtzen, American actress, model and dancer
• April 23
  • Valerie Bertinelli, American actress
  • Steve Clark, English guitarist (Def Leppard) (d. 1991)
  • David Gedge, English musician (The Wedding Present and Cinerama)
  • Claude Julien, Canadian ice hockey coach
• April 25 – Michael Lohan, American stockbroker and reality television star, father of Lindsay Lohan
• April 28
  • John Cerutti, American baseball player and announcer (d. 2004)
  • Ian Rankin, Scottish crime novelist

May–June[link]

• May 2 – Gjorge Ivanov, President of Macedonia
• May 3 – Amy Steel, American film actress
• May 4
  • Andrew Denton, Australian television presenter and comedian
  • Werner Faymann, Chancellor of Austria
• May 6 – Roma Downey, Irish-born actress, producer and wife of Mark Burnett
• May 7 – Adam Bernstein, American music video/television director
• May 8 – Eric Brittingham, American rock bassist
• May 9 – Tony Gwynn, American baseball player
• May 10 – Bono, Irish rock singer (U2)
• May 14
  • Ronan Tynan, Irish tenor
  • "Dr. Death" Steve Williams, American professional wrestler (d. 2009)
• May 15 – Julian Jarrold, English film & television director & producer
• May 16 – Landon Deireragea, Nauruan politician
• May 18
  • Jari Kurri, Finnish hockey player
  • Yannick Noah, French tennis player
• May 20 – John Billingsley, American actor
• May 21 – Jeffrey Dahmer, American serial killer (d. 1994)
• May 22 – Hideaki Anno, Japanese director
• May 23 – Linden Ashby, American actor
• May 24
  • Guy Fletcher, British keyboardist (Dire Straits)
  • Kristin Scott Thomas, English actress
• May 25 – Amy Klobuchar, American politician
• May 26 – Rob Murphy, American baseball player
• May 29 – Neil Crone, Canadian actor
• May 31 – Greg Adams, Canadian ice hockey player
• June 4 – Bradley Walsh, English comedian and actor
• June 6 – Steve Vai, American guitarist
• June 8 – Mick Hucknall, English rock singer and songwriter (Simply Red)
• June 12 – Corynne Charby, French model, actress and singer
• June 14 – Peter Mitchell, Australian news reader
• June 16 – Peter Sterling, Australian rugby player
• June 18 – Kevin Drinkell, English footballer
• June 21 – Kevin Harlan, American sports announcer
• June 22 – Erin Brockovich, American environmental activist
• June 28 – John Elway, American football player
• June 30 – Tony Bellotto, Brazilian guitarist and writer

July–August[link]

• July 1 – Koji Ishii, Japanese seiyuu
• July 3
  • Vince Clarke, British musician and composer (Depeche Mode, Erasure)
  • Perrine Pelen, French alpine skier
• July 4 – Sid Eudy, American professional wrestler
• July 5 – Pruitt Taylor Vince, American actor
• July 7 – Kevin A. Ford, American astronaut
• July 8 – Thilo Martinho, German composer, singer-songwriter
• July 9 – Charles Gavin, Brazilian drummer and producer
• July 13 – Ian Hislop, British journalist and broadcaster
• July 14
  • Kyle Gass, American music singer-song-writer-guitarist/actor
  • Jane Lynch, American actress
• July 17
  • Robin Shou, Hong Kong actor
  • Jan Wouters, Dutch football player and manager
• July 19 – Atom Egoyan, Armenian-Canadian film maker
• July 21
  • Ezequiel Viñao, Argentine-born composer
  • Fritz Walter, German footballer
• July 31 – Dale Hunter, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• August 1 – Chuck D, American rapper (Public Enemy)
• August 4
  • José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, Prime Minister of Spain
  • Dean Malenko, American professional wrestler
• August 7 – David Duchovny, American actor
• August 8 – Ulrich Maly, German politician and Mayor of Nuremberg
• August 10
  • Antonio Banderas, Spanish actor
  • Kenny Perry, American golfer
• August 12 – Laurent Fignon, French road bicycle racer (d. 2010)
• August 13
  • Koji Kondo, Japanese composer
  • Phil Taylor, English darts player
• August 14 – Sarah Brightman, English soprano singer and actress
• August 16
  • Timothy Hutton, American actor
  • Martha Moxley, American Murder Victim
• August 17 – Sean Penn, American actor
• August 19 – Morten Andersen, American football player
• August 23 – Chris Potter, Canadian actor and musician
• August 24 – Cal Ripken, Jr., American baseball player
• August 26 – Branford Marsalis, American musician
• August 26 – Ola Ray, American actress and model
• August 30 – Chalino Sánchez, Mexican musician (d. 1992)

September–October[link]

• September 1 – Joseph Williams, American singer and film score composer
• September 2 – John S. Hall, American poet and spoken-word artist
• September 6 – Bob Stoops, American football coach
• September 7 – Phillip Rhee, American actor, producer and writer
• September 9
  • Hugh Grant, English actor
  • Mario Batali, American chef and host
• September 10 – Colin Firth, English actor
• September 14 – Callum Keith Rennie, Canadian actor
• September 16
  • John Franco, American baseball player
  • Yianna Katsoulos, French singer
• September 17 – Kevin Clash, American actor and puppeteer
• September 19 – Yolanda Saldívar, American murderer of tejano singer Selena Quintanilla-Perez
• September 21 – David James Elliott, Canadian actor
• September 22 – Scott Baio, American actor
• September 28 – Jennifer Rush, American singer
• September 29 – Alan McGee, British music industry mogul and musician
• September 30 – Blanche Lincoln, American politician
• October 4 – Billy Hatcher, American baseball player
• October 5 – Antonio de Oliveira Filho, Brazilian footballer
• October 6 – Richard Jobson, Scottish rock singer-songwriter, filmmaker, and television presenter (Skids)
• October 7 – Kyosuke Himuro, Japanese singer
• October 9 – Maddie Blaustein, American voice actress (d. 2008)
• October 12 – Alexei Kudrin, Russian Minister of Finance
• October 17 – Guy Henry, English actor
• October 18 – Jean-Claude Van Damme, Belgian actor
• October 24
  • Jaime Garzón, Colombian journalist and comedian (d. 1999)
  • Dennis Anderson, American monster truck driver (<<link:6>>)
• October 26 – Jouke de Vries, Dutch–Frisian politician
• October 28 – Landon Curt Noll, American astronomer, cryptographer, and mathematician
• October 29 – Finola Hughes, British actress
• October 30 – Diego Armando Maradona, Argentine footballer
• October 31 – Reza Pahlavi, Crown Prince of Iran