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Atlantic Ocean
The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's oceanic divisions. With a total area of about 106,400,000 square kilometres (41,100,000 sq mi), it covers approximately 20% of the Earth's surface and about 26% of its water surface area. The first part of its name refers to Atlas of Greek mythology, making the Atlantic the "Sea of Atlas".
The oldest known mention of "Atlantic" is in The Histories of Herodotus around 450 BC (Hdt. 1.202.4): Atlantis thalassa (Greek: Ἀτλαντὶς θάλασσα; English: Sea of Atlas); see also: Atlas Mountains. The term Ethiopic Ocean, derived from Ethiopia, was applied to the southern Atlantic ocean as late as the mid-19th century. Before Europeans discovered other oceans, the term "ocean" itself was synonymous with the waters beyond the Strait of Gibraltar that we now know as the Atlantic. The early Greeks believed this ocean to be a gigantic river encircling the world.
The Atlantic Ocean occupies an elongated, S-shaped basin extending longitudinally between Europe and Africa to the east, and the Americas to the west. As one component of the interconnected global ocean, it is connected in the north to the Arctic Ocean (which is sometimes considered a sea of the Atlantic), to the Pacific Ocean in the southwest, the Indian Ocean in the southeast, and the Southern Ocean in the south. (Other definitions describe the Atlantic as extending southward to Antarctica.) The equator subdivides it into the North Atlantic Ocean and South Atlantic Ocean.
wn.com/Atlantic_Ocean -
Batangas
Batangas is a first class province of the Philippines located on the southwestern part of Luzon in the CALABARZON region. Its capital is Batangas City and it is bordered by the provinces of Cavite and Laguna to the north and Quezon to the east. Across the Verde Island Passages to the south is the island of Mindoro and to the west lies the South China Sea. Poetically, Batangas is often referred to by its ancient name Kumintang.
Batangas is one of the most popular tourist destinations near Metro Manila. The province has many beaches and is famous for excellent diving spots including Anilao in Mabini, Sombrero Island in Tingloy, Ligpo Island in Bauan, these areas more popularly known as Anilao. Matabungkay in Lian, Punta Fuego in Nasugbu, Calatagan and Laiya in San Juan.
Batangas is also where Taal Volcano, one of the Decade Volcanoes is located. It is also where the Taal Heritage town lies, a small picturesque town that has ancestral houses and structures dating back to the 1800s.
The first recorded name of the Province was Kumintang, after the Datu who inherited the dominion from Datu Balensusa. Its centre, the present day Balayan, was the most progressive town of the Province and the traditional centre of governance. Later, as the eruption of the Taal Volcano destroyed a significant portion of the town, the provincial centre was transferred to Taal, which was then called Bonbon and the name of the province was changed after that of the town.
wn.com/Batangas -
Battle of Stalingrad
Coordinates: 48°42′N 44°31′E / 48.7°N 44.517°E / 48.7; 44.517
The Battle of Stalingrad was a major and decisive battle of World War II in which Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) in southwestern Russia. The battle took place between 23 August 1942 to 2 February 1943 and was the largest battle on the Eastern Front, marked by brutality and disregard for military and civilian casualties. It is among the bloodiest battles in the history of warfare, with the higher estimates of combined casualties amounting to nearly two million. The heavy losses inflicted on the German army made it a significant turning point in the whole war. After the Battle of Stalingrad, German forces never recovered their earlier strength, and attained no further strategic victories in the East.
The German offensive to capture Stalingrad commenced in late summer 1942, and was supported by intensive Luftwaffe bombing which reduced much of the city to rubble. The German offensive eventually became mired in building-to-building fighting; and despite controlling nearly all of the city at times, the Wehrmacht was unable to dislodge the last Soviet defenders clinging tenaciously to the west bank of the Volga River.
wn.com/Battle_of_Stalingrad -
Battle of Tolvajärvi
The Battle of Tolvajärvi ['tol.va.jær.vi] was fought on 12 December 1939 between Finland and the Soviet Union. It was the first large offensive victory for the Finns in the Winter War.
After the Winter War broke out on November 30, the Finnish troops north of Lake Ladoga began a pre-planned retreat before the overwhelming opposition. It was not thought possible for the Soviets to deploy large number of troops in this rugged and almost roadless area, but the Soviets deployed an entire division which advanced along the road between Suojärvi and Tolvajärvi (now Tolvayarvi, Russia). The Soviet advance was a serious threat to the Finnish IV Corps' lines of communication. To counter this threat the Finnish high command assembled "Group Talvela" commanded by Colonel Paavo Talvela.
The Finnish plan was to encircle the Soviet division by two pincer-attacks over the frozen lakes Hirvasjärvi and Tolvajärvi (järvi means lake in Finnish). The northern attack over Hirvasjärvi was to begin at 8.00 and the second would start when the first had brought results. This was later changed and both attacks were to begin at 8.00.
wn.com/Battle_of_Tolvajärvi -
Belo Horizonte
Belo Horizonte (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˌbɛloɾiˈzõtʃi],Beautiful Horizon) is the capital and largest city in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, located in the southeastern region of the country. It is the third largest metropolitan area in the country. Belo Horizonte (also known as "Belô", "Beagá", or "BH") has a population of 2,475,440 inhabitants (2010) in the city and 5,497,922 people in the official Metropolitan Area (2010).
The region was first settled in the early 18th century, but the city as it is known today was planned and constructed in the 1890s, in order to replace Ouro Preto as the capital of Minas Gerais. The city features a mixture of contemporary and classical buildings, and is home to several modern Brazilian architectural icons, most notably the Pampulha Complex. In planning the city, Aarão Reis and Francisco Bicalho sought inspiration in the urban planning of Washington, D.C. The city has employed notable programs in urban revitalization and food security, for which it has been awarded international accolades.
wn.com/Belo_Horizonte -
Brazil
Brazil
i/brəˈzɪl/ (Portuguese: Brasil, IPA: [bɾaˈziw]), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: República Federativa do Brasil, 
listen (help·info)), is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people. It is the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas and the largest lusophone country in the world.
Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of 7,491 km (4,655 mi). It is bordered on the north by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and the French overseas region of French Guiana; on the northwest by Colombia; on the west by Bolivia and Peru; on the southwest by Argentina and Paraguay and on the south by Uruguay. Numerous archipelagos form part of Brazilian territory, such as Fernando de Noronha, Rocas Atoll, Saint Peter and Paul Rocks, and Trindade and Martim Vaz. It borders all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile.
Brazil was a colony of Portugal from the landing of Pedro Álvares Cabral in 1500 until 1815, when it was elevated to the rank of kingdom and the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves was formed. The colonial bond was in fact broken in 1808, when the capital of the Portuguese colonial empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro, after Napoleon invaded Portugal.Independence was achieved in 1822 with the formation of the Empire of Brazil, a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system. The country became a presidential republic in 1889, when a military coup d'état proclaimed the Republic, although the bicameral legislature, now called Congress, dates back to the ratification of the first constitution in 1824. Its current Constitution, formulated in 1988, defines Brazil as a Federal Republic. The Federation is formed by the union of the Federal District, the 26 States, and the 5,564 Municipalities.
wn.com/Brazil -
Bulgaria
Coordinates: 42°45′N 25°30′E / 42.75°N 25.5°E / 42.75; 25.5
Bulgariai/bʌlˈɡɛəriə/ (Bulgarian: България, IPA: [bɤ̞ɫˈɡarijɐ]), is a country located in Southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and the Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south and the Black Sea to the east. With a territory of 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi), Bulgaria is Europe's 14th-largest country. Its location has made it a historical crossroad for various civilisations and as such it is the home of some of the earliest metalworking, religious and other cultural artifacts in the world.
Prehistoric cultures began developing on Bulgarian lands during the Neolithic period. Its ancient history was marked by the presence of the Thracians, and later by the Greeks and Romans. The emergence of a unified Bulgarian ethnicity and state dates back to the First Bulgarian Empire, which dominated most of the Balkans and functioned as a cultural hub for Slavic peoples during the Middle Ages. With the downfall of the Second Bulgarian Empire in 1396, its territories came under Ottoman rule for nearly five hundred years. The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 resulted in the Third Bulgarian State, recognised in 1908. The following years saw several conflicts with its neighbours, which prompted Bulgaria to align with Germany in both World Wars. In 1946 it became a Communist republic with a single-party system until 1989, when the Communist Party allowed multi-party elections. After 1990 Bulgaria transitioned to democracy and a market-based economy.
wn.com/Bulgaria -
China
China (i/ˈtʃaɪnə/; Chinese: 中国; pinyin: Zhōngguó; see also Names of China), officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is the world's most-populous country, with a population of over 1.3 billion. Covering approximately 9.6 million square kilometres, the East Asian state is the world's second-largest country by land area, and the third- or fourth-largest in total area, depending on the definition of total area.
The People's Republic of China is a single-party state governed by the Communist Party of China. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four directly controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau). Its capital city is Beijing. The PRC also claims Taiwan—which is controlled by the Republic of China (ROC), a separate political entity—as its 23rd province, a claim controversial due to the complex political status of Taiwan and the unresolved Chinese Civil War. The PRC government denies the legitimacy of the ROC.
wn.com/China -
Colombia
Colombia (
/kəˈlʌmbiə/ kə-LUM-biə, or /kəˈlɒmbiə/ kə-LOM-biə), officially the Republic of Colombia (Spanish: República de Colombia [reˈpuβlika ðe koˈlombja]), is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the northwest by Panama; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. Colombia has maritime borders with Ecuador, Panama, Venezuela, Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica. Colombia is the 26th largest country by area and the fourth largest in South America after Brazil, Argentina and Peru. With over 46 million people, Colombia is the 27th largest country in the world by population and has the second largest population of any Spanish-speaking country in the world, after Mexico. Colombia is a middle power, with the fourth largest economy in Latin America, and the third largest in South America. Colombia is famous for the production of coffee, flowers, emeralds, coal, and oil. All of these products make up the primary sector of economy.
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Delaware
Delaware (i/ˈdɛləwɛər/ DEL-ə-wair) is a U.S. state located on the Atlantic Coast in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It is bordered to the south and west by Maryland, to the northeast by New Jersey, and to the north by Pennsylvania. The state takes its name from Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, an English nobleman and Virginia's first colonial governor, after whom what is now called Cape Henlopen was originally named.
Delaware is located in the northeastern portion of the Delmarva Peninsula and is the second least extensive, the sixth least populous, but the sixth most densely populated of the 50 United States. Delaware is divided into three counties. From north to south, these three counties are New Castle, Kent, and Sussex. While the southern two counties have historically been predominantly agricultural, New Castle County has been more industrialized.
The history of the state's economic and industrial development is closely tied to the impact of the Du Pont family, founders and scions of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, one of the world’s largest chemical companies.
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Delhi
Delhi (/ˈdɛli/; locally pronounced Dillee or Dehli), officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT), is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest metropolis by population in India. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16.7 million inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census. The region has been given special status of National Capital Region under The Constitution (69th Amendment) Act, 1991. There are nearly 22.2 million residents in the greater National Capital Region urban area (which also includes the cities Noida, Greater Noida, Ghaziabad, Gurgaon,Sonepat and Faridabad along with other smaller nearby towns).
Delhi is known to have been continuously inhabited since at least the 6th century BCE, though human habitation is believed to have existed since the second millennium BCE. Delhi is also widely believed to have been the site of Indraprastha, the legendary capital of the Pandavas during the times of the Mahabharata. Delhi re-emerged as a major political, cultural and commercial city along the trade routes between northwest India and the Gangetic plain after the rise of the Delhi sultanates. It is the site of many ancient and medieval monuments, archaeological sites and remains.
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Empire of Japan
The Empire of Japan (Kyūjitai: 大日本帝國; Shinjitai: 大日本帝国; Romaji: Dai Nippon Teikoku; literally Great Imperial State of Japan; officially Great Japan or Empire of Great Japan; commonly as Imperial Japan or the Japanese Empire) was an empire and world power that existed from the Meiji Restoration on 3 January 1868 to the enactment of the post-World War II Constitution of Japan on 3 May 1947.
Imperial Japan's rapid industrialization and militarization under the slogan Fukoku Kyōhei (富国強兵?, "Enrich the Country, Strengthen the Army") led to its emergence as a world power, eventually culminating in its membership in the Axis alliance and the conquest of a large part of the Asia-Pacific region. At the height of its power in 1942, the Japanese Empire ruled over a land area spanning 7,400,000 square kilometres (2,857,000 sq mi), making it one of the largest maritime empires in history.
After several large-scale military successes during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) and the Pacific War, the Empire of Japan also gained notoriety for its war crimes against the peoples of the countries it conquered. After suffering many defeats and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, however, the Empire of Japan surrendered to the Allies on 2 September 1945. A period of occupation by the Allies followed the surrender, and a new constitution was created with American involvement. The constitution came into force on 3 May 1947, officially dissolving the Empire. American occupation and reconstruction of the country continued well into the 1950s, eventually forming the current nation-state whose title is simply that ("the nation of Japan" Nippon-koku) or just "Japan" .
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Finland
Coordinates: 65°N 27°E / 65°N 027°E / 65; 027
Finlandi/ˈfɪnlənd/ ( Finnish: Suomi; Swedish: Finland (help·info)), officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.
Around 5.4 million people reside in Finland, with the majority concentrated in the southern region. It is the eighth largest country in Europe in terms of area and the most sparsely populated country in the European Union. Finland is a parliamentary republic with a central government based in Helsinki and local governments in 336 municipalities, and an autonomous region of the Åland Islands. About one million residents live in the Greater Helsinki area, which consists of Helsinki, Espoo, Kauniainen and Vantaa, and a third of the country's GDP is produced there. Other larger cities include Tampere, Turku, Oulu, Jyväskylä, Lahti and Kuopio.
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Fitzalan Square
Fitzalan Square is a municipal square situated in the city centre of Sheffield in South Yorkshire, England. The present day square is one of the busiest areas of the city centre, with traffic and pedestrians continually moving through the area. It has a Sheffield Supertram stop and a taxi rank.
This area of the city had been the market quarter since the medieval era and the modern square takes its name from the Fitzalan Market Hall, which stood near the site from 1786 to 1930. The Fitzalans were a lesser branch of the Howard family, Dukes of Norfolk and the major local landowners at that time.
The square is located in the city centre at 53°22′58″N 1°27′53″W / 53.38278°N 1.46472°W / 53.38278; -1.46472; to the south of the eastern end of High Street. It is rectangular in shape, formed by the staggered intersections of Flat Street and Haymarket with High Street from the south and north respectively. Commercial Street and Bakers Hill leave the square to the east. Norfolk Street used to intersect with Flat Street at the south-western corner of the square, but it was cut off from the square when Arundel Gate was constructed in 1968.
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France
France (Englishi/ˈfræns/ FRANSS or /ˈfrɑːns/ FRAHNSS; French: [fʁɑ̃s] (
listen)), officially the French Republic (French: République française [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is often referred to as l’Hexagone ("The Hexagon") because of the geometric shape of its territory. It is the largest western European country and it possesses the second-largest exclusive economic zone in the world, covering 11,035,000 km2 (4,260,000 sq mi), just behind that of the United States (11,351,000 km2 / 4,383,000 sq mi).
Over the past 500 years, France has been a major power with strong cultural, economic, military and political influence in Europe and around the world. During the 17th and 18th centuries, France colonised great parts of North America and Southeast Asia; during the 19th and early 20th centuries, France built the second largest colonial empire of the time, including large portions of North, West and Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and many Caribbean and Pacific Islands.
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Guinea
Guinea
i/ˈɡɪni/, officially the Republic of Guinea (French: République de Guinée), is a country in West Africa. Formerly known as French Guinea (Guinée française), it is today sometimes called Guinea-Conakry to distinguish it from its neighbour Guinea-Bissau and the Republic of Equatorial Guinea. Guinea has almost 246,000 square kilometres (94,981 sq mi) and a population of 10,057,975. It forms a crescent by curving from its western border on the Atlantic Ocean toward the east and the south. Its northern border is shared with Guinea-Bissau, Senegal, and Mali, the southern one with Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Côte d'Ivoire. The Niger River's source is in the Guinea Highlands in southeastern Guinea.
Guinea is geographically divided into eight administrative regions and subdivided into thirty-three prefectures. Conakry is the capital, largest city and economic centre. The other major cities in the country include Kankan, Nzérékoré, Kindia, Labe, Guéckédou, Mamou and Boke.
Guinea's 10 million people belong to twenty-four ethnic groups. The largest and most prominent groups are the Fula 40%, Mandingo 30%, and Susu 20%.
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Hungary
Hungaryi/ˈhʌŋɡəri/ (Hungarian: Magyarország [ˈmɒɟɒrorsaːɡ] ( listen)) is a country, which is located in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The country's capital, and largest city, is Budapest. Hungary is a member of the European Union, NATO, the OECD, the Visegrád Group, and is a Schengen state. The official language is Hungarian, also known as Magyar, which is part of the Finno-Ugric group and is the most widely spoken non-Indo-European language in Europe.
Following a Celt (after c. 450 BC) and a Roman (AD 9 - c. 430) period, the foundation of Hungary was laid in the late 9th century by the Hungarian prince Árpád, whose great-grandson Saint Stephen I was crowned with a crown sent by the pope from Rome in 1000 AD. The Kingdom of Hungary lasted for 946 years, and at various points was regarded as one of the cultural centres of the Western world. After about 150 years of partial Ottoman occupation (1541–1699), Hungary was integrated into the Habsburg Monarchy, and later constituted half of the Austro-Hungarian dual monarchy (1867–1918).
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India
India (i/ˈɪndiə/), officially the Republic of India (Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the south-west, and the Bay of Bengal on the south-east, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west;China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north-east; and Burma and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; in addition, India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.
Home to the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation and a region of historic trade routes and vast empires, the Indian subcontinent was identified with its commercial and cultural wealth for much of its long history. Four of the world's major religions—Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism—originated here, whereas Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam arrived in the 1st millennium CE and also helped shape the region's diverse culture. Gradually annexed by and brought under the administration of the British East India Company from the early 18th century and administered directly by the United Kingdom from the mid-19th century, India became an independent nation in 1947 after a struggle for independence that was marked by non-violent resistance led by Mahatma Gandhi.
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Japan
Japani/dʒəˈpæn/ (Japanese: 日本 Nihon or Nippon; formally 日本国 Nippon-koku or Nihon-koku, literally the State of Japan) is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin", which is why Japan is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun".
Japan is an archipelago of 6,852 islands. The four largest islands are Honshū, Hokkaidō, Kyūshū and Shikoku, together accounting for ninety-seven percent of Japan's land area. Japan has the world's tenth-largest population, with over 127 million people. The Greater Tokyo Area, which includes the de facto capital city of Tokyo and several surrounding prefectures, is the largest metropolitan area in the world, with over 30 million residents.
Archaeological research indicates that people lived in Japan as early as the Upper Paleolithic period. The first written mention of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 1st century AD. Influence from other nations followed by long periods of isolation has characterized Japan's history. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, victory in the First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War and World War I allowed Japan to expand its empire during a period of increasing militarism. The Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopting its revised constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary constitutional monarchy with an emperor and an elected parliament called the Diet.
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Kenya
Kenya ( /ˈkɛnjə/ or /ˈkiːnjə/), officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in East Africa that lies on the equator. With the Indian Ocean to its south-east, it is bordered by Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west, South Sudan to the north-west, Ethiopia to the north and Somalia to the north-east. Kenya has a land area of 580,000 km2 and a population of nearly 41 million, representing 42 different peoples and cultures. The country is named after Mount Kenya, a significant landmark and second among Africa's highest mountain peaks. Kenya's capital and largest city is Nairobi.
Kenya has a warm and humid climate along its coastline on the Indian Ocean which changes to wildlife-rich savannah grasslands moving inland towards the capital Nairobi. Nairobi has a cool climate that gets colder approaching Mount Kenya, which has three permanently snow-capped peaks. The warm and humid tropical climate reappears further inland towards lake Victoria, before giving way to temperate forested and hilly areas in the western region. The North Eastern regions along the border with Somalia and Ethiopia are arid and semi-arid areas with near-desert landscapes. Lake Victoria, the world's second largest fresh-water lake (after Lake Superior in the US and Canada) and the world's largest tropical lake, is situated to the southwest and is shared with Uganda and Tanzania. Kenya is famous for its safaris and diverse world-famous wildlife reserves such as Tsavo National Park, the Maasai Mara, Nakuru National Park, and Aberdares National Park.
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Malaysia
Malaysia (i/məˈleɪʒə/ mə-LAY-zhə or i/məˈleɪsiə/ mə-LAY-see-ə) is a federal constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia. It consists of thirteen states and three federal territories and has a total landmass of 329,847 square kilometres (127,350 sq mi) separated by the South China Sea into two similarly sized regions, Peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo. Land borders are shared with Thailand, Indonesia, and Brunei, and maritime borders exist with Singapore, Vietnam, and the Philippines. The capital city is Kuala Lumpur, while Putrajaya is the seat of the federal government. In 2010 the population exceeded 27.5 million, with over 20 million living on the Peninsula.
Malaysia has its origins in the Malay Kingdoms present in the area which, from the 18th century, became subject to the British Empire. The first British territories were known as the Straits Settlements, whose establishment was followed by the Malay kingdoms becoming British protectorates. The territories on Peninsular Malaysia were first unified as the Malayan Union in 1946. Malaya was restructured as the Federation of Malaya in 1948, and achieved independence on 31 August 1957. Malaya united with Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore on 16 September 1963, with si being added to give the new country the name Malaysia. However, less than two years later in 1965, Singapore was expelled from the federation. Since independence, Malaysia has had one of the best economic records in Asia, with GDP growing an average 6.5% for almost 50 years. The economy has traditionally been fuelled by its natural resources, but is expanding in the sectors of science, tourism, commerce and medical tourism.
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Mauritania
Mauritaniai/mɔrɪˈteɪniə/ (Arabic: موريتانيا Mūrītānyā; Berber: Muritanya / Agawej; Wolof: Gànnaar; Soninke: Murutaane; Pulaar: Moritani; French: Mauritanie), officially the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, is a country in West Africa and in the Maghreb. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean in the west, by Western Sahara (controlled by Morocco) in the north, by Algeria in the northeast, by Mali in the east and southeast, and by Senegal in the southwest. It is named after the ancient Berber Kingdom of Mauretania, which later became a province of the Roman Empire, even though the modern Mauritania covers a territory far to the south of the old Berber kingdom that had no relation with it. The capital and largest city is Nouakchott, located on the Atlantic coast.
The government of Mauritania was overthrown on 6 August 2008, in a military coup d'état led by General Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz. On 16 April 2009, General Aziz resigned from the military to run for president in the 19 July elections, which he won. In Mauritania about 20% of the population live on less than US$1.25 per day.
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Mexico
Mexico (i/ˈmɛksɨkoʊ/; Spanish: México, IPA: [ˈmexiko] ( listen)), officially the United Mexican States (Spanish: Estados Unidos Mexicanos (help·info)), is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States of America; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost two million square kilometres (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the fifth largest country in the Americas by total area and the thirteenth largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of over 113 million, it is the eleventh most populous country and the most populous Spanish-speaking country. Mexico is a federation comprising thirty-one states and a Federal District, the capital city.
In Pre-Columbian Mexico many cultures matured into advanced civilizations such as the Olmec, the Toltec, the Teotihuacan, the Zapotec, the Maya and the Aztec before the first contact with Europeans. In 1521, Spain conquered and colonized the territory from its base in México-Tenochtitlan, which was administered as the Viceroyalty of New Spain. This territory would eventually become Mexico as the colony's independence was recognized in 1821. The post-independence period was characterized by economic instability, the Mexican-American War and territorial cession to the United States, a civil war, two empires and a domestic dictatorship. The latter led to the Mexican Revolution in 1910, which culminated with the promulgation of the 1917 Constitution and the emergence of the country's current political system. Elections held in July 2000 marked the first time that an opposition party won the presidency from the Institutional Revolutionary Party.
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Milan
Milan (Italian: Milano [miˈlaːno] ( listen); Lombard: [miˈlan]; Latin: Mediolanum) is the second-largest city in Italy and the capital of Lombardy as well as of the province of Milan. The city proper has a population of about 1.3 million, while its urban area is the 5th largest in EU and the largest in Italy with an estimated population of approximately 5 million. The growth of many suburbs and satellite settlements around the city proper, following the Italian economic miracle of 1950s–60s and massive commuting flows, suggest that socioeconomic linkages have expanded well beyond the boundaries of its administrative limits and its agglomeration, creating a region of approximately 9,3 million people. It has been suggested that the Milan metropolitan area is part of the so-called Blue Banana, the area of Europe with the highest population and industrial density. Its health care and education system is considered one of the best of Europe.
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Nebraska
Nebraska (i/nəˈbræskə/) is a state on the Great Plains of the Midwestern United States. Its state capital is Lincoln and its largest city is Omaha, on the Missouri River.
The state is crossed by many historic trails, but it was the California Gold Rush that first brought large numbers here, and it became a state in 1867. Certain landmarks still compete for the notional distinction 'Where the West Begins'.
There are wide variations between winter and summer temperatures, and violent thunderstorms and tornadoes are common. The state is characterized by treeless prairie, ideal for cattle-grazing, and it is a major producer of beef, as well as pork, maize and soybeans. Nebraska is overwhelmingly rural, as the 8th least-densely populated state of the United States.
Ethnically, the largest group are German-Americans, and the state has the biggest Czech-American population per head. During the Great Migration, many African Americans came to Omaha, and they continue to campaign for improved conditions. More recently, Native American activism has increased, with a drive for self-determination in a climate of co-operation with state officials on regional issues. It is traditionally a Republican-voting state.
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New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. The city is referred to as New York City or The City of New York to distinguish it from the State of New York, of which it is a part. As a global power city, New York exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment. The home of the United Nations Headquarters, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural capital of the world.
Located on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which comprises a state county. The five boroughs—The Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island—were consolidated into a single city in 1898. With a Census-estimated 2011 population of 8,244,910 distributed over a land area of just 305 square miles (790 km2), New York is the most densely populated major city in the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. The New York City Metropolitan Area's population is the United States' largest, with 18.9 million people distributed over 6,720 square miles (17,400 km2), and is also part of the most populous combined statistical area in the United States, containing 22.1 million people as of the 2010 Census.
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Ontario
Ontario /ɒnˈtɛərioʊ/ is one of the provinces of Canada, located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province or territory and fourth largest in total area. It is home to the nation's most populous city, Toronto, and the nation's capital, Ottawa.
Ontario is bordered by the province of Manitoba to the west, Hudson Bay to the north, Quebec to the east, and to the south by the U.S. states of Minnesota, Michigan (portions to the west), New York (portions to the east), Ohio and Pennsylvania. All but a small part of Ontario's 2,700 km (1,677 mi) border with the United States follow inland waterways: from the west at Lake of the Woods, eastward along the major rivers and lakes of the Great Lakes/St. Lawrence River drainage system. These are the Rainy River, the Pigeon River, Lake Superior, the St. Mary's River, Lake Huron, the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, the Detroit River, Lake Erie, the Niagara River, Lake Ontario, and along the St. Lawrence River from Kingston, Ontario to the Quebec boundary just east of Cornwall, Ontario.
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Pakistan
Pakistan (i/ˈpækɨstæn/ or i/pɑːkiˈstɑːn/; Urdu: پاکستان) (Urdu pronunciation: [paːkɪˈst̪aːn] (
listen)), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Urdu: اسلامی جمہوریۂ پاکستان), is a sovereign country in South Asia. It sits at the crossroads of the strategically important regions of South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. It has a 1,046-kilometre (650 mi) coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west and north, Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast. It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north, and it shares a marine border with Oman.
The territory of modern Pakistan was the site of several ancient cultures, including the Neolithic Mehrgarh and the Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilisation, and has undergone invasions or settlements by Hindu, Persian, Indo-Greek, Islamic, Turco-Mongol, Afghan and Sikh cultures. Thus the area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties, including the Indian Mauryan Empire, the Persian Achaemenid Empire, the Arab Umayyad Caliphate, the Mongol Empire, the Mughal Empire, the Durrani Empire, the Sikh Empire and the British Empire. As a result of the Pakistan Movement led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah and India's struggle for independence, Pakistan was created in 1947 as an independent nation for Muslims from the regions in the east and west of India where there was a Muslim majority. Initially a dominion, Pakistan adopted a new constitution in 1956, becoming an Islamic republic. A civil war in 1971 resulted in the secession of East Pakistan as the new country of Bangladesh.
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Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania (i/ˌpɛnsɨlˈveɪnjə/), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a US state that is located in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States, and the Great Lakes Region. The state borders Delaware to the southeast, Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, Ontario, Canada to the northwest, New York to the north, and New Jersey to the east.
Pennsylvania is the 33rd most extensive, the 6th most populous, and the 9th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The state's four most populous cities are Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown, and Erie. The state capital is Harrisburg. Pennsylvania has 51 miles (82 km) of shoreline along Lake Erie and 57 miles (92 km) of shoreline along the Delaware Estuary.
Pennsylvania is 170 miles (274 km) north to south and 283 miles (455 km) east to west. Of a total 46,055 square miles (119,282 km2), 44,817 square miles (116,075 km2) are land, 490 square miles (1,269 km2) are inland waters, and 749 square miles (1,940 km2) are waters in Lake Erie. It is the 33rd largest state in the United States. Pennsylvania has 51 miles (82 km) of coastline along Lake Erie and 57 miles (92 km) of shoreline along the Delaware Estuary.
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Philippines
The Philippinesi/ˈfɪlɨpiːnz/ FI-lə-peenz (Filipino: Pilipinas [ˌpɪlɪˈpinɐs]), officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (Filipino: Republika ng Pilipinas) is a sovereign country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam. The Sulu Sea to the southwest lies between the country and the island of Borneo, and to the south the Celebes Sea separates it from other islands of Indonesia. It is bounded on the east by the Philippine Sea. Its location on the Pacific Ring of Fire and its tropical climate make the Philippines prone to earthquakes and typhoons but have also endowed the country with natural resources and made it one of the richest areas of biodiversity in the world. An archipelago comprising 7,107 islands, the Philippines is categorized broadly into three main geographical divisions: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Its capital city is Manila.
With an estimated population of about 98 million people, the Philippines is the 7th most populated Asian country and the 12th most populated country in the world. An additional 12.5 million Filipinos live overseas. Multiple ethnicities and cultures are found throughout the islands. In prehistoric times, Negritos were some of the archipelago's earliest inhabitants. They were followed by successive waves of Austronesian peoples who brought with them influences from Malay, Hindu, and Islamic societies. Trade introduced Chinese cultural influences which remain to this day.
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Pikk Hermann
Pikk Hermann or Tall Hermann (German: Langer Hermann) is a tower of the Toompea Castle, on Toompea hill in Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. The first part was built 1360-70. It was rebuilt (height brought to 45,6 m) in the 16th century. A staircase with 215 steps leads to the top of the tower. The tower consists of ten internal floors and a viewing platform at the top.
Pikk Hermann tower is situated next to the Estonian Parliament building and the flag on the top of the tower at 95 metres above sea level is one of the symbols of the government in force.
The national flag, measuring 191 cm by 300 cm, is raised and the national anthem is played at the time of sunrise (but not earlier than 7 am) and lowered at the time of sunset (but not later than 10 pm). While it is lowered, the song "Mu isamaa on minu arm" (My Fatherland is My Love) is heard.
Coordinates: 59°26′06.7″N 24°44′13.0″E / 59.435194°N 24.73694°E / 59.435194; 24.73694
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Poland
Polandi/ˈpoʊlənd/ (Polish: Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Polish: Rzeczpospolita Polska; Kashubian: Pòlskô Repùblika; Silesian: Polsko Republika), is a country in Central Europe, bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The total area of Poland is 312,679 square kilometres (120,726 sq mi), making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. Poland has a population of over 38 million people, which makes it the 34th most populous country in the world and the sixth most populous member of the European Union, being its most populous post-communist member. Poland is a unitary state made up of 16 voivodeships. Poland is a member of the European Union, NATO, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Economic Area, International Energy Agency, Council of Europe, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, International Atomic Energy Agency, G6, Council of the Baltic Sea States, Visegrád Group, Weimar Triangle and Schengen Agreement.
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RMS Titanic
RMS Titanic was a passenger liner that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean on 15 April 1912 after colliding with an iceberg during her maiden voyage from Southampton, UK to New York City, US. The sinking of Titanic caused the deaths of 1,514 people in one of the deadliest peacetime maritime disasters in history. She was the largest ship afloat at the time of her maiden voyage. One of three Olympic class ocean liners operated by the White Star Line, she was built between 1909–11 by the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast. She carried 2,223 people.
Her passengers included some of the wealthiest people in the world, as well as over a thousand emigrants from Great Britain and Ireland, Scandinavia and elsewhere seeking a new life in North America. The ship was designed to be the last word in comfort and luxury, with an on-board gymnasium, swimming pool, libraries, high-class restaurants and opulent cabins. She also had a powerful wireless telegraph provided for the convenience of passengers as well as for operational use. Though she had advanced safety features such as watertight compartments and remotely activated watertight doors, she lacked enough lifeboats to accommodate all of those aboard. Due to outdated maritime safety regulations, she carried only enough lifeboats for 1,178 people – slightly more than half of the number travelling on the maiden voyage and one-third her total passenger and crew capacity.
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Romania
Romania (i/roʊˈmeɪniə/ roh-MAY-nee-ə; dated: Roumania; or Rumania;Romanian: România [romɨˈni.a] ( listen)) is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea. Romania shares a border with Hungary and Serbia to the west, Ukraine and Moldova to the northeast and east, and Bulgaria to the south.
At 238,400 square kilometers (92,000 sq mi), Romania is the ninth largest country of the European Union by area, and has the seventh largest population of the European Union with over 19 million people. Its capital and largest city is Bucharest, the tenth largest city in the EU with about two million people.
The Kingdom of Romania emerged when the principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia were united under Prince Alexander Ioan Cuza in 1859. Independence from the Ottoman Empire was declared on 9 May 1877, and was internationally recognized the following year. At the end of World War I, Transylvania, Bukovina and Bessarabia united with the Kingdom of Romania. Greater Romania emerged into an era of progression and prosperity that would continue until World War II. By the end of the War, many north-eastern areas of Romania's territories were occupied by the Soviet Union, and Romania forcibly became a socialist republic and a member of the Warsaw Pact.
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Russia
Russiai/ˈrʌʃə/ or /ˈrʊʃə/ (Russian: Россия, tr. Rossiya; IPA: [rɐˈsʲijə] ( listen)), also officially known as the Russian Federation (Russian: Российская Федерация, tr. Rossiyskaya Federatsiya; IPA: [rɐˈsʲijskəjə fʲɪdʲɪˈratsɨjə] ( listen)), is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both via Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia, and North Korea. It also has maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk, and the US state of Alaska by the Bering Strait. At 17,075,400 square kilometres (6,592,800 sq mi), Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than one eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area. Russia is also the eighth most populous nation with 143 million people. It extends across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe, spanning nine time zones and incorporating a wide range of environments and landforms. Russia has the world's largest reserves of mineral and energy resources and is the largest producer of oil and natural gas globally. Russia has the world's largest forest reserves and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the world's fresh water.
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Scotland
Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba ([ˈalˠ̪apə] listen (help·info))) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland constitutes over 790 islands including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.
Edinburgh, the country's capital and second largest city, is one of Europe's largest financial centres. Edinburgh was the hub of the Scottish Enlightenment of the 18th century, which transformed Scotland into one of the commercial, intellectual and industrial powerhouses of Europe. Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, was once one of the world's leading industrial cities and now lies at the centre of the Greater Glasgow conurbation. Scottish waters consist of a large sector of the North Atlantic and the North Sea, containing the largest oil reserves in the European Union. This has given Aberdeen, the third largest city in Scotland, the title of Europe's oil capital.
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Sheffield
Sheffieldi/ˈʃɛfiːld/ is a city and metropolitan borough of South Yorkshire, England. Its name derives from the River Sheaf, which runs through the city. Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, and with some of its southern suburbs annexed from Derbyshire, the city has grown from its largely industrial roots to encompass a wider economic base. The population of the City of Sheffield is 555,500 (2010 est.) and it is one of the eight largest regional English cities that make up the English Core Cities Group.
During the 19th century, Sheffield gained an international reputation for steel production. Many innovations were developed locally, including crucible and stainless steel, fuelling an almost tenfold increase in the population during the Industrial Revolution. Sheffield received its municipal charter in 1843, becoming the City of Sheffield in 1893. International competition in iron and steel caused a decline in traditional local industries during the 1970s and 1980s, coinciding with the collapse of coal mining in the area.
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South Carolina
South Carolina (i/ˌsaʊθ kærəˈlaɪnə/) is a state in the Southeastern United States. It is bordered to the north by North Carolina; to the south and west by Georgia, located across the Savannah River; and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. Originally part of the Province of Carolina, the Province of South Carolina was one of the 13 colonies that declared independence from the British Crown during the American Revolution. The colony was originally named by King Charles II of England in honor of his father Charles I (Carolus being Latin for Charles). South Carolina was the 8th state to ratify the US Constitution and become a state which it did on May 23, 1788. South Carolina later became the first state to vote to secede from the Union which it did on December 20, 1860. It was readmitted to the United States on June 25, 1868.
South Carolina is the 40th most extensive and the 24th most populous of the 50 United States. South Carolina comprises 46 counties. The capital and largest city of the state is Columbia.
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Southern Rhodesia
Southern Rhodesia was the name of the British colony situated north of the Limpopo River and the Union of South Africa. From its independence in 1965 until its extinction in 1980, it was known as Rhodesia. Since 1980 and the institution of a majority African government, the area has been renamed Zimbabwe and all traces of former British, Rhodesian, and white rule, laws, property, and nomenclature have been removed as part of President Robert Mugabe's policy of Africanization.
The territory was originally referred to as 'South Zambezia' but the name 'Rhodesia' came into use in 1895. The designation 'Southern' was adopted in 1901 and dropped from normal usage in 1964 on the break-up of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, and Rhodesia became the name of the country until the creation of Zimbabwe Rhodesia in 1979. Legally, from the British perspective, the name Southern Rhodesia continued to be used until April 18, 1980, when the name Republic of Zimbabwe was formally proclaimed.
Rhodesia was named after Cecil Rhodes, the British empire-builder who was one of the most important figures in British expansion into southern Africa, and who obtained mineral rights in 1888 from the most powerful local traditional leaders through treaties such as the Rudd Concession and the Moffat Treaty signed by King Lobengula of the Ndebele.
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Soviet Union
The Soviet Union (Russian: Советский Союз, tr. Sovetsky Soyuz), officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR; Russian: Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик, tr. Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik; IPA: [sɐˈjus sɐˈvʲetskʲɪx sətsɨəlʲɪˈstʲitɕɪskʲɪx rʲɪsˈpublʲɪk] ( listen); abbreviated СССР, SSSR), was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991.
The Soviet Union was a single-party state ruled by the Communist Party from its foundation until 1990. A union of 15 subnational Soviet republics, the Soviet state was structured under a highly centralized government and economy.
The Russian Revolution of 1917 caused the downfall of the Russian Empire. Following the Russian Revolution, there was a struggle for power between the Bolshevik party, led by Vladimir Lenin, and the anti-communist White movement. In December 1922, the Bolsheviks won the civil war, and the Soviet Union was formed with the merger of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.
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Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan (i/tɜrkˈmɛnɨstæn/ or i/tɜrkmɛnɨˈstɑːn/; Turkmen: Türkmenistan), formerly also known as Turkmenia (Russian: Туркмения), is one of the Turkic states in Central Asia. Until 1991, it was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (Turkmen SSR). Turkmenistan is one of the six independent Turkic states. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest, Uzbekistan to the east and northeast, Kazakhstan to the north and northwest and the Caspian Sea to the west.
Turkmenistan's GDP growth rate of 11% in 2010[update] ranks 4th in the world, but these figures are subject to wide margins of error. It possesses the world's fourth largest reserves of natural gas resources. Although it is wealthy in natural resources in certain areas, most of the country is covered by the Karakum (Black Sand) Desert.
The Turkmen government operates as a single-party system. Turkmenistan was ruled by President for Life Saparmurat Niyazov (called "Türkmenbaşy" — "leader of the Turkmens") until his sudden death on 21 December 2006. Gurbanguly Berdymukhammedov was elected the new president on 11 February 2007.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the north-western coast of continental Europe. The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea.
The United Kingdom is a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system, with its seat of government in the capital city of London. It is a country in its own right and consists of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. There are three devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in Belfast, Edinburgh and Cardiff, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Associated with the UK, but not constitutionally part of it, are three Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom has fourteen overseas territories. These are remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in 1922, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface and was the largest empire in history. British influence can still be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former territories.
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United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km2) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.
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USS Cairo
USS Cairo (pronounced /ˈkeɪroʊ/ was a City class ironclad gunboat constructed for the Union Navy by James B. Eads during the American Civil War. She was the first vessel of the City class ironclads, also called the Cairo class.
Cairo was the first ship sunk by a naval mine, on 12 December 1862 in the Yazoo River.
Cairo was built in 1861 by James Eads and Co., Mound City, Illinois, under contract to the United States Department of War. She was commissioned as part of the Union Army's Western Gunboat Flotilla, U.S. Navy Lieutenant James M. Prichett in command.
Cairo served with the Army's Western Gunboat Flotilla, commanded by Flag Officer Andrew Hull Foote, on the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers and their tributaries until transferred to the Navy 1 October 1862 with the other river gunboats.
Active in the occupation of Clarksville, Tennessee, 17 February 1862, and of Nashville, Tennessee, 25 February, Cairo stood down the river 12 April escorting mortar boats to begin the lengthy operations against Fort Pillow. An engagement with Confederate gunboats at Plum Point Bend on 11 May marked a series of blockading and bombardment activities which culminated in the abandonment of the Fort by its defenders on 4 June.
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Yazoo River
The Yazoo River is a river in the U.S. state of Mississippi.
The Yazoo River was named by French explorer La Salle in 1682 as "Rivière des Yazous" in reference to the Yazoo tribe living near the river's mouth. The exact meaning of the term is unclear. One long held belief is that it means "river of death".
The river is 188 miles (303 km) long and is formed by the confluence of the Tallahatchie River and the Yalobusha River in Greenwood. The river parallels the Mississippi River in the latter's floodplain for some distance before joining it north of Vicksburg, Mississippi. Natural levees which flank the Mississippi prevent the Yazoo from joining it before Vicksburg. A "yazoo stream" is a hydrologic term which was coined to describe any river or major stream with similar characteristics.
The French (and later European Americans) historically called the surrounding area of Mississippi and Alabama the Yazoo lands, after the river. This became the basis for naming the Yazoo Land Scandal of the late 18th and early 19th century.
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Abdus Salam
Mohammad Abdus Salam,NI, SPk (Urdu: محمد عبد السلام, pronounced English pronunciation: /əbd̪ʊs səlɑm/, (29 January 1926 – 21 November 1996) was a Pakistani theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate in Physics for his work on the electroweak unification of the electromagnetic and weak forces. Salam, Sheldon Glashow and Steven Weinberg shared the 1979 Nobel prize for this discovery. Salam holds the distinction of being the first Pakistani and the first Muslim Nobel Laureate to receive the prize in the sciences.
Salam was a science advisor to the Government of Pakistan from 1960 till 1974, a position from which he played a major and influential role in Pakistan's science infrastructure. Salam was responsible for not only major development and contribution in theoretical and particle physics, but as well as promoting scientific research at maximum level in his country. Salam was the founding director of Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO), and responsible for the establishment of the Theoretical Physics Group (TPG) in Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC). As Science Advisor, Salam played an integral role in Pakistan's development of peaceful use of nuclear energy, and directed the research on development of atomic bomb project of Pakistan in 1972; for this, he is viewed as the "scientific father" of this programme in the views of the scientists who researched under his scientific umbrella. In 1974, Salam left Pakistan in protest when Pakistan Parliament controversially passed a parliamentary bill declaring Ahmadiyya Muslim Community as Non-Muslims. Even after his death, Salam remained one of the most influential scientists in his country. In 1998, following the country's nuclear tests, the Government of Pakistan issued a commemorative stamp, as a part of "Scientists of Pakistan", to honour the services of Salam.
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Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler (German: [ˈadɔlf ˈhɪtlɐ] ( listen); 20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party (German: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (NSDAP), commonly referred to as the Nazi Party). He was chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and dictator of Nazi Germany (as Führer und Reichskanzler) from 1934 to 1945. Hitler is commonly associated with the rise of fascism in Europe, World War II, and the Holocaust.
A decorated veteran of World War I, Hitler joined the German Workers' Party, precursor of the Nazi Party, in 1919, and became leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In 1923, he attempted a coup d'état, known as the Beer Hall Putsch, in Munich. The failed coup resulted in Hitler's imprisonment, during which time he wrote his memoir, Mein Kampf (My Struggle). After his release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the Treaty of Versailles and promoting Pan-Germanism, antisemitism, and anticommunism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda. After his appointment as chancellor in 1933, he transformed the Weimar Republic into the Third Reich, a single-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian and autocratic ideology of Nazism. His aim was to establish a New Order of absolute Nazi German hegemony in continental Europe.
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Ai Kato
Ai Kato (加藤 あい, Katō Ai?, born December 12, 1982 in Aichi Prefecture) is a Japanese actress and model.
Around 2003, a video of her bathing at an onsen (hot spring) surfaced on the internet. It was taken with a hidden camera and is believed to have been a botched extortion attempt by the Yakuza.
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Ai Orikasa
Ai Orikasa (折笠 愛, Orikasa Ai?, born Kikue Orikasa (折笠 きく江, Orikasa Kikue?), December 12, 1963) is a popular Japanese voice actress and singer from Tokyo. She formerly work for Production Baobab but has left for AXL-ONE, Toshiyuki Morikawa's agency. Orikasa is also the Japanese dub voice for Jessica Rabbit in Who Framed Roger Rabbit. Her debut work was Shoukoushi Cedie in 1988. She is most known for the roles of Pururun (Kyattou Ninden Teyandee), Ryoko (Tenchi Muyo!), and Quatre Raberba Winner (Mobile Suit Gundam Wing).
Leading roles in bold.
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Albert Walsh
Sir Albert Joseph Walsh (April 3, 1900 – December 12, 1958), commissioner, chief justice and the first Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland for 1949, the first Lieutenant Governor for Newfoundland after confederation with Canada.
Walsh was born in Holyrood, Newfoundland, and was educated St. Bonaventure's College and Dalhousie University. He was principal of the Roman Catholic Academy in Harbour Grace from 1917 to 1924. Walsh had studied law and was admitted to the bar at both Newfoundland and Nova Scotia.
Walsh was a supporter for Sir Richard Squires and was elected MHA for the district of Harbour Main in 1928 and became speaker of the house. He lost his seat in the 1932 election and became district magistrate for 5 years for Grand Falls and then Corner Brook. In 1944 he was appointed to Newfoundland's Commission of Government as Commissioner of Home Affairs and Education and in 1947 he was given the portfolio of Justice of Defense.
Walsh had chaired the delegation for terms of union with Canada and on Confederation he was appointed Lieutenant Governor. He resigned that same year to become the province's Chief Justice. He also sat on the United Nations panel for examination of international disputes.
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Alfred Werner
Alfred Werner (December 12, 1866 - November 15, 1919) was a Swiss chemist who was a student at ETH Zurich and a professor at the University of Zurich. He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1913 for proposing the octahedral configuration of transition metal complexes. Werner developed the basis for modern coordination chemistry. He was the first inorganic chemist to win the Nobel prize, and the only one prior to 1973.
Werner was born in 1866 in Mulhouse, Alsace (which was then part of France, but which was annexed by Germany in 1871). He went to Switzerland to study chemistry at the Swiss Federal Institute (Polytechnikum) in Zurich where he obtained his doctorate in 1890 at the same institution. After postdoctoral study in Paris, he returned to the Swiss Federal Institute to teach (1892), in 1893 he moved to the University of Zurich where he became a professor in 1895. The same year he became a Swiss citizen.
In 1893, Werner was the first to propose correct structures for coordination compounds containing complex ions, in which a central transition metal atom is surrounded by neutral or anionic ligands.
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Alvin Kraenzlein
Alvin Christian Kraenzlein (December 12, 1876 – January 6, 1928) was an American athlete. He was the first sportsman to win four Olympic titles in a single Olympic Games. As of 2008[update], he is still the only track and field athlete to have done so in individual events only.
Kraenzlein was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, son of John Kraenzlein and Augusta, and attended the University of Wisconsin–Madison and later the University of Pennsylvania, studying to become a dentist. He won his first athletics title in 1897, when he won the 220 yards hurdles race at the Amateur Athletic Union championships. The next few years he gained many more titles, winning 5 AAU titles in both hurdling and long jump events, and 8 Intercollegiate Association of Amateur Athletes of America titles in sprinting, hurdling and the long jump. Kraenzlein was especially noted for his hurdling technique, as he was the first to practice the now common method of straight-lead-leg (the first leg over the hurdle remains straight and parallel with the ground). This technique is significant in that it enables the athlete to over-come the hurdle without reducing speed.
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Amza Pellea
Amza Pellea (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈamza ˈpele̯a]; 7 April 1931 – 12 December 1983) was one of the most important Romanian actors, being remarked both for his theatre and his film acting.
Born in Băileşti, in Oltenia, he attended the Carol I High School. He later played at the Craiova Theatre, then at the Small Theatre, Nottara Theatre, Comedy Theatre and the National Theatre Bucharest, being also a professor at the Academy of Theatre and Film in Bucharest.
Pellea was the creator of Nea Mărin, a comical character that portrays an archetypal Oltenian peasant. However, he was also noted for his historical characters, such as Vladică Hariton from Tudor din Vladimiri, Voivode Basarab from Croitorii cei mari din Valahia as well as playing in Tudor, Răscoala, Haiducii, Dacii, Columna and Mihai Viteazul.
He is buried at Bellu Cemetery.
In a 2006 poll conducted by Romanian Television to identify the "greatest Romanians of all time", Pellea came in 60th.
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Anne Baxter
Anne Baxter (May 7, 1923 – December 12, 1985) was an American actress known for her performances in films such as The Magnificent Ambersons (1942), The Razor's Edge (1946), All About Eve (1950) and The Ten Commandments (1956).
Baxter was born in Michigan City, Indiana to Kenneth Stuart Baxter and Catherine Wright; her maternal grandfather was the architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Baxter's father was a prominent executive with the Seagrams Distillery Co. and she was raised in New York City in a well-to-do home, and attended the prestigious Brearley School. At age 10, Baxter attended a Broadway play starring Helen Hayes, and was so impressed that she declared to her family that she wanted to become an actress. By the age of 13, she had appeared on Broadway. During this period, Baxter learned her acting craft as a student of the famed teacher Maria Ouspenskaya.
At 16 Baxter screen-tested for the role of Mrs. DeWinter in Rebecca, losing to Joan Fontaine because director Alfred Hitchcock considered her too young for the role, but she soon secured a seven-year contract with 20th Century Fox. Her first movie role was in 20 Mule Team in 1940. She was chosen by director Orson Welles to appear in The Magnificent Ambersons (1942). Baxter co-starred with Tyrone Power and Gene Tierney in 1946's The Razor's Edge, for which she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. Baxter later recounted that The Razor's Edge contained her only great performance which was a hospital scene where the character, Sophie, "loses her husband, child and everything else". She said she relived the death of her brother, who had died at age three. She played Mike in the 1948 Western film Yellow Sky with Gregory Peck and Richard Widmark.
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Anne of Denmark
Anne of Denmark (12 December 1574 – 2 March 1619) was queen consort of Scotland, England, and Ireland as the wife of James VI and I.
The second daughter of King Frederick II of Denmark, Anne married James in 1589 at the age of fourteen and bore him three children who survived infancy, including the future Charles I. She demonstrated an independent streak and a willingness to use factional Scottish politics in her conflicts with James over the custody of Prince Henry and his treatment of her friend Beatrix Ruthven. Anne appears to have loved James at first, but the couple gradually drifted and eventually lived apart, though mutual respect and a degree of affection survived.
In England, Anne shifted her energies from factional politics to patronage of the arts and constructed a magnificent court of her own, hosting one of the richest cultural salons in Europe. After 1612, she suffered sustained bouts of ill health and gradually withdrew from the centre of court life. Though she was reported to have been a Protestant at the time of her death, evidence suggests that she may have converted to Catholicism at some stage in her life.
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Annette Vadim
Annette Vadim (born Annette Strøyberg, 7 December 1936 - 12 December 2005) was a Danish actress who was the second wife of the French film director Roger Vadim. Her films included Vadim's Les Liaisons Dangereuses (1959).
Annette Strøyberg was born on 7 December 1936 on Funen Island in Denmark. In 1958, at the age of 21, she played in the film Les bijoutiers du clair de lune by Roger Vadim with Gérard Philipe and Jeanne Moreau. During this production, she and Roger Vadim, who had just divorced Brigitte Bardot in December 1957, fell in love and married on 17 June 1958. They had a daughter, Nathalie Vadim, who was born in Denmark and herself became an actress. They divorced in 1960 after the lack of critical success for Les Liaisons Dangereuses.
Annette died of cancer in Copenhagen, Denmark, on 12 December 2005.
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Anthony Provenzano
Anthony Provenzano also known as Tony Pro (May 7, 1917 - December 12, 1988) was a Caporegime (or captain) in the Genovese crime family of New York City. Provenzano was known for his connections to Teamsters Union leader Jimmy Hoffa and President Richard Nixon due to Provenzano's position as an International Brotherhood of Teamsters vice president for Teamsters Local 560 in Union City, New Jersey.
With Hoffa's blessing, Provenzano used his position as Teamsters vice president to take union funds for his personal use. To solidify his support among the criminal elite, Hoffa had encouraged the Mafia's heavy-hitters who were involved with the union to use their locals as personal accounts. Hoffa and Provenzano were eventually jailed for their activities; their sentences at the federal prison in Lewisburg overlapped. The two initially were close allies, with the Capo exercising his rank at Lewisburg and demanding the loyalty of prisoners, which made him the major power within the prison. Provenzano provided Hoffa with protection, but their relationship soured after Hoffa was unable to secure a Teamsters loan for a restaurant he wanted to open. The two became enemies after Hoffa insulted Provenzano, telling him “It’s because of people like you that I got into trouble in the first place.” But Provenzano would have the last laugh.
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Ardito Desio
Count Ardito Desio (18 April 1897 – 12 December 2001) was an Italian explorer, mountain climber, geologist, and cartographer.
Desio was born in Palmanova, Friuli, Italy. He attended the Middle Schools of Udine and Cividale and the University of Florence (1916–1920), during the First World War also served in the military corps of the alpini and was captured by the Austrians on Mount Pasubio. Graduating with a degree in Natural Sciences (Geology). He made advanced studies in Geology at the same University from 1921 to 1923, and was also assistant in that matter in that university, as well as in those of Pavia (1923–1924) and Milan (1924–1927). He was Lecturer in Physical Geography, Geology and Paleontology (1928–1931), Professor of Geology at the University of Milan, and Applied Geology at the Engineering School of Milan (a position he held from 1932 to 1972). Concurrent to these positions, he served as a consultant geologist for the Edison Company for hydroelectric plants in Italy, Spain, Switzerland, Greece, Turkey and Brazil, and the same capacity for the Public Power Corporation of Greece. In 1973 he became Professor Emeritus at the University of Milan.
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Avery Dulles
Avery Robert Dulles S.J. (August 24, 1918 – December 12, 2008) was a Jesuit priest, theologian, cardinal of the Catholic Church and served as the Laurence J. McGinley Professor of Religion and Society at Fordham University from 1988 to 2008. He was an internationally known author and lecturer.
Dulles was born in Auburn, New York, the son of future U.S. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles (for whom Washington Dulles International Airport is named) and Janet Pomeroy Avery Dulles. His uncle was Director of Central Intelligence Allen Welsh Dulles. Both his great-grandfather John W. Foster and great-uncle Robert Lansing also served as U.S. Secretary of State.
He received his primary school education in New York City at the St. Bernard's School and attended secondary schools in Switzerland and The Choate School (now Choate Rosemary Hall) in Wallingford, Connecticut.
Dulles was raised a Presbyterian but had become an agnostic by the time he began college at Harvard in 1936. His religious doubts were diminished during a personally profound moment when he stepped out into a rainy day and saw a tree beginning to flower along the Charles River; after that moment he never again "doubted the existence of an all-good and omnipotent God." He noted how his theism turned toward conversion to Catholicism: "The more I examined, the more I was impressed with the consistency and sublimity of Catholic doctrine." He converted to Catholicism in the fall of 1940.
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Bedřich Hrozný
Bedřich (Friedrich) Hrozný (Czech: [ˈbɛdr̝ɪx ˈɦrozniː] ( listen); May 6, 1879 – December 12, 1952) was a Czech orientalist and linguist. He deciphered the ancient Hittite language, identified it as an Indo-European language and laid the groundwork for the development of Hittitology. Though of Czech origin, he published his work in German or French.
Hrozný was born in Lysá nad Labem, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary. In the town of Kolín he learned Hebrew and Arabic. At the University of Vienna, he studied Akkadian, Aramaic, Ethiopian, Sumerian and Sanskrit, as well as the cuneiform used in Asia Minor, Mesopotamia and Persia. He also studied orientalism at Humboldt University of Berlin.
In 1905, following excavations in Palestine, he became Professor at the University of Vienna.
In 1906, at Hattusa (modern Boğazkale, about 200 km east of Ankara) a German expedition found the archives of the Hittite kings in cuneiform, but in an unknown language. While on active duty in the Austro-Hungarian army during World War I, Hrozný published in 1917 a description of the language showing that it belonged to the Indo-European family.
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Bill Beutel
William Charles Beutel (December 12, 1930 – March 18, 2006) was an American television reporter, journalist and anchor. He was best known for working over four decades with the American Broadcasting Company, spending much of that time anchoring newscasts for WABC-TV in New York City.
Beutel graduated from Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire after a stint in the Army and studied law at the University of Michigan Law School, though he left Michigan without obtaining his law degree. While Beutel was in law school, he wrote Edward R. Murrow a letter saying, "I very much wanted to be a radio journalist." Beutel received a letter back advising him to go to the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. His first radio job was in Cleveland before moving to CBS Radio in New York City in 1957.[citation needed]
Beutel moved to ABC on October 22, 1962 as a reporter with ABC News and as anchor at the network's New York flagship, WABC-TV. The station had just opened up its first newsroom and created a one-hour 6:00 p.m. newscast called The Big News. WABC-TV was considered late to the game behind WNBC-TV and WCBS-TV. Among the hundreds of famous personages who were interviewed by Beutel was the African American Muslim and black nationalist leader Malcolm X. Beutel left his WABC duties for two years in April 1968 to join ABC News full time as their London bureau chief.
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Bill Nighy
William Francis "Bill" Nighy (pronounced NYE /ˈnaɪ/; born 12 December 1949) is an English actor and comedian. He worked in theatre and television before his first cinema role in 1981, and made his name in television with The Men's Room in 1991, in which he played the womanizer Prof. Mark Carleton, whose extra-marital affairs kept him "vital".
He became known around the world in 2003 for his critically acclaimed performance in Love Actually. Other notable roles in cinema include his portrayal of Davy Jones in Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest and Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End, as well as Viktor in the Underworld film series.
He is also known for his roles in the films Lawless Heart, I Capture the Castle, Shaun of the Dead, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, Hot Fuzz, Valkyrie, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1, and Rango. His performances were also acclaimed in the State of Play series and in the TV movies The Girl in the Café, Gideon's Daughter and Page Eight, for which he earned Golden Globe nominations, winning one for Gideon's Daughter.
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Bob Barker
Robert William "Bob" Barker (born December 12, 1923) is a former American television game show host. He is best known for hosting CBS's The Price Is Right from 1972 to 2007, making it the longest-running daytime game show in North American television history, and for hosting Truth or Consequences from 1956 to 1975.
Born in Washington to modest circumstances, Barker enlisted in the United States Navy on the outbreak of World War II. Barker worked part-time in radio while he attended college. In 1950, Barker moved to California in order to pursue a career in broadcasting. He was given his own radio show, The Bob Barker Show, which ran for the next six years out of Burbank. Barker began his game show career in 1956, hosting Truth or Consequences. From there, he hosted various game shows as well as the Miss Universe pageants. Eventually, he hosted The Price Is Right, beginning in 1972. When his wife Dorothy Jo died, Barker became an advocate for animal rights. Since then, Barker has been a long-time supporter of animal rights, and of animal-rights activism, including groups such as the United Activists for Animal Rights and the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society. In 2007, Barker retired from hosting The Price Is Right after celebrating his 50-year career on television.
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Bob Dorough
Bob Dorough (born December 12, 1923) is an American bebop and cool jazz pianist, composer and vocalese singer.
He worked with Miles Davis and Allen Ginsberg, and his adventurous style was an influence on Mose Allison, among other singers. He is perhaps best known as a voice and primary composer of many of the songs used in Schoolhouse Rock!, a series of educational animated shorts appearing on Saturday morning television in the 1970s and 1980s on ABC affiliates in the United States. Dorough composed, conducted and played much of the "Schoolhouse Rock!" music. He has released vocal jazz albums periodically over the last 50 years; his latest, Small Day Tomorrow, came out in 2006. He worked with Nellie McKay on her 2007 album, Obligatory Villagers as well as her 2009 release, Normal as Blueberry Pie - A Tribute to Doris Day.
Dorough was born in Arkansas and grew up in Texas. He played in an Army band during World War II, then went to North Texas State University, where he majored in composition and minored in piano. He moved to New York City around 1950 and was playing piano in a Times Square tap dance studio when he was introduced to the boxer Sugar Ray Robinson, who had temporarily left boxing and was putting together a song and dance revue. Dorough was hired and later became the show's music director; the revue traveled to various U.S. cities and then to Europe.
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Bob Pettit
Robert Lee "Bob" Pettit Jr. (born December 12, 1932, in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, U.S.) is a retired American professional basketball player. He played 11 seasons in the NBA, all with the Milwaukee/St. Louis Hawks (1954-1965). He was the first recipient of the NBA's Most Valuable Player Award. He was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 1970. He also went by the nickname "Dutch" in college. He also won the NBA All-Star MVP award four times.
Pettit's basketball career had humble beginnings. At Baton Rouge High School, he was cut from the varsity basketball team as both a freshman and sophomore. His father, Sheriff of East Baton Rouge Parish (1932-1936), pushed him to practice in the backyard of the Kemmerly house until he improved his skills. It worked: Pettit became a starter as a junior, and led Baton Rouge High to its first State Championship in over 20 years in his senior year.
After high school, Pettit accepted a scholarship to play at Louisiana State University. He was a three-time All-Southeastern Conference selection and a two-time All American as a member of the LSU men's basketball team. (Freshmen were not allowed to play varsity basketball in those days.) During those three years, Pettit averaged 27.8 points per game. He was also a member of the Zeta Zeta Chapter of Delta Kappa Epsilon at LSU.
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Brad Dexter
Brad Dexter (April 9, 1917 – December 11, 2002) was an American actor.
Dexter was born Boris Malanovich (Serbian Cyrillic: Борис Малановић), in Goldfield, Nevada, of Serbian parentage. He spoke Serbian as his first language. Burly, dark and handsome, Brad Dexter was usually given supporting roles of a rugged character. Early in his acting career, he went by the name of Barry Mitchell.
After a stint as an amateur boxer, Dexter attended the Pasadena Playhouse where he studied theatre. During World War II he enlisted for military service with the U.S. Army Air Corps and appeared in the Corps play and film Winged Victory. His career in Hollywood spanned over four decades. Other films Dexter appeared in include The Asphalt Jungle, Last Train from Gun Hill, Kings of the Sun, Johnny Cool.
Characterising him as a "tough guy at his best in the The Magnificent Seven," Dexter's obituary in The Guardian singles out his portrayal of Harry Luck and claims he was "overshadowed" by his contemporaries:
A question that comes up regularly in film trivia quizzes is to name the magnificent seven, of the 1960 John Sturges western. Easy to start with: Yul Brynner, Steve McQueen, James Coburn, Charles Bronson, Robert Vaughn and Horst Buchholz. But if Brad Dexter, who has died aged 85, is usually the last to be mentioned, it is mainly because of the fame of the others; actually, he was rather good as the most mercenary of the septet. . . . the cool and taciturn Harry Luck . . .
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Brandon Teena
Brandon Teena (December 12, 1972 – December 31, 1993) was an American trans man, a female to male transgender person, who was raped and murdered in Humboldt, Nebraska. His life and death were the subject of the Academy Award-winning 1999 film Boys Don't Cry, which was based on the documentary film The Brandon Teena Story.
Teena was born Teena Renae Brandon in Lincoln, Nebraska, the younger of two children to Patrick and JoAnn Brandon. His father died in a car accident eight months before he was born, and he was raised by his mother. JoAnn named her second child after their German shepherd dog, Tina Marie. Teena and his older sister Tammy lived with their maternal grandmother in Lincoln, before they were reclaimed by their mother when Teena was three years old and Tammy was six years old. The family resided in the Pine Acre Mobile Home Park in northeast Lincoln, and JoAnn worked as a clerk in a women's retail store in Lincoln to support the family. As young children, Teena and Tammy were sexually abused by their uncle for several years, and Teena and his mother JoAnn sought counselling for this in 1991. JoAnn remarried once from 1975 to 1980, with the marriage having failed due to her husband's alcoholism. Teena's family described him as being a tomboy since early childhood; Teena began identifying as male during adolescence and dated a female student during this period. His mother rejected his male identity and continued referring to him as her "daughter". Teena claimed to be intersex several times, with this later being proven to be false.
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Brenton Broadstock
Brenton Broadstock (born 1952) is an Australian composer.
Brenton Broadstock was born in Melbourne. He studied History, Politics and Music at Monash University, and later composition and theory with Donald Freund at the University of Memphis in the USA and with Peter Sculthorp at the University of Sydney. The University of Melbourne awarded him the Doctor of Music degree in 1987.
From 1982-2006 he was employed in the Faculty of Music, University of Melbourne as Professor of Music and Head of Composition and during 2007 he was a Vice Chancellor's Fellow at the University of Melbourne.
In 2008 his music was performed at the Opening Ceremony of the 2008 Summer Olympic Games and in 2009 he was Composer in Residence with the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra, composing a multi-instrumental concerto, 'Made In Heaven', for trumpeter James Morrison, a chamber concertino, 'Hall of Mirrors', for trombonist Brett Kelly and a symphony for soloists, choir and orchestra, 'Tyranny of Distance' that was premiered at the 2009 Melbourne International Festival of the Arts.
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Bridget Hall
Bridget Hall (born December 12, 1977) is an American model.
Hall was born in Springdale, Arkansas. At the age of 10, she was modeling in Dallas, Texas where she was living in the suburb of Farmers Branch, where she briefly attended R. L. Turner High School. Shortly after, she moved with her mother Donna Hall to New York City to pursue her modeling career. By the age of 18, she was listed in Forbes as one of the "best ten" moneymaking supermodels along with Cindy Crawford and Christy Turlington.[citation needed]
Formerly with Ford Models, she signed with IMG Models and has appeared in fashion magazines such as Vogue, Harper's Bazaar, ELLE and Allure and in fashion shows in New York City, Paris and Milan. Hall has worked for a wide variety of clients including Pepsi Cola, Guess Jeans, and Anne Klein. Hall is also signed to Independent Models in London and 1 Model Management in New York City.
She was included in the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issues from 2002-2005. She was the object/subject of Joanne Gair body painting works in several editions.
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Bruce Kulick
Bruce Howard Kulick (born December 12, 1953 in New York) is an American guitarist, musician and a member of the band Grand Funk Railroad. Previously, Kulick had been a longtime member of the band Kiss.
Kulick is also known for being a former member of the band Blackjack with Michael Bolton, and also played on several Michael Bolton solo albums. (Bolton later co-wrote the Kiss song "Forever", from Hot in the Shade).
Kulick is best known as lead guitarist for the rock band Kiss from September 1984 to August 1996. Kulick never wore Kiss' face paint on stage, which they removed in 1983. Kulick was the first member of Kiss to be billed under his actual birth name, and to date, along with Tommy Thayer, is one of only two members to ever do so. All other past and present members have been billed under stage names, legally-changed names, nicknames or modified names.
Originally brought in as a touring member after guitarist Mark St. John was diagnosed with Reiter's Syndrome, Kulick played on 5 Kiss studio albums: Asylum, Crazy Nights, Hot in the Shade, Revenge and Carnival of Souls: The Final Sessions; he also appeared on Alive III and Kiss Unplugged. The song "I Walk Alone" from Carnival of Souls: The Final Sessions is the only Kiss track to feature Kulick as lead vocalist. To this day Kulick is featured on over 20 Kiss releases.
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Bruce Price
Bruce Price (12 December 1845–29 May 1903) was the American architect of many of the Canadian Pacific Railway's Château-type stations and hotels. A fine example of his work for CP is Montreal's Windsor Station and the chateau of CP co-founder James Ross now known as Chancellor Day Hall at McGill University.
Born in Cumberland, Maryland, Bruce Price practiced briefly in Baltimore and Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, before moving to New York in 1877. Price married Josephine Lee of Wilkes-Barre. His daughter Emily Price Post, was the author of novels and, later, books on etiquette.
Early in his career, Price worked on a series of domestic projects which culminated in the design and layout of Tuxedo Park, a vacation community in New York. The Shingle style houses Price built at Tuxedo, with their compact massing and axial plans, influenced several young architects including Frank Lloyd Wright.
After four years of internship (1864–68) in the office of the Baltimore architects Niernsee & Neilson, he began his professional work in Baltimore with Ephraim Francis Baldwin as a partner. Following a brief study trip to Europe, he opened an office in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, where he practiced from 1873 to 1876. He then settled in New York, where he designed many office buildings, among them the American Surety Building, the St. James Building, and the International Bank. One of the residential works which made him famous was the laying out of Georgian Court, the neo-Georgian residence of George Jay Gould I in Lakewood, New Jersey.
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Buford Pusser
Buford Hayse Pusser (December 12, 1937 – August 21, 1974) was the Sheriff of McNairy County, Tennessee (in West Tennessee), from 1964 to 1970. Pusser is known for his virtual one-man war on moonshining, prostitution, gambling, and other vices on the Mississippi-Tennessee state-line. His story has directly inspired several books, songs, movies and at least one TV series. The Buford Pusser Museum has been established at the house where he was living at the time of his death in 1974. A Buford Pusser Festival is held each May in his hometown of Adamsville, Tennessee.
Buford Pusser was born on December 12, 1937 in Finger, McNairy County, Tennessee. His father, Carl Pusser, was the police chief of Adamsville, Tennessee, and his mother was Helen Pusser. Buford was a star high school football and basketball player. He stood 6 feet 6 inches (1.98 m).
Pusser joined the Marines at 18 years of age. His military service was cut short during United States Marine Corps Recruit Training, when it was discovered he had asthma. He was given a medical discharge. Despite this he became an excellent shot during basic training. He thereafter moved to Chicago in 1957, working at Union Bag Co. Pusser met and married his wife, Pauline, while living in Chicago. The marriage was on December 5, 1959. Pusser returned to his hometown of Adamsville with his wife in 1962.
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Cathy Rigby
Cathleen Roxanne Rigby (born December 12, 1952), best known as Cathy Rigby, is a former gymnast, actress and speaker.
Rigby was born in Los Alamitos, California in 1952. She has an older brother, Steve Rigby; older sister, Michelle; younger brother Jeff, and a younger sister Jill. She is the daughter of Anita and Paul Rigby.
Rigby's participation in the 1968 Mexico City Olympics, as the highest-scoring U.S. gymnast made her a favorite with U.S. television audiences, and helped to popularize the sport in the U.S. She was U.S. National Gymnastic Champion in 1970 and 1972. Her greatest gymnastics accomplishment was winning a silver medal on the balance beam at the 1970 World Championships, being the first American woman to win a medal in World Gymnastics.
She also competed on the 1972 U.S. Olympic Gymnastics Team, but was hampered by injury. Prior to the games, she had been working on a move for the balance beam that was quite risky for the time: an aerial walkover, in which she somersaulted forwards on the balance beam. Because she was injured, she did not attempt this move during the competition, and this contributed to why she did not win any medals.
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Charles Goodnight
Charles Goodnight, also known as Charlie Goodnight (March 5, 1836 – December 12, 1929), was a cattle rancher in the American West, perhaps the best known rancher in Texas. He is sometimes known as the "father of the Texas Panhandle." Essayist and historian J. Frank Dobie said that Goodnight "approached greatness more nearly than any other cowman of history."
Goodnight was born in Macoupin County, Illinois, east of St. Louis, Missouri, the fourth child of Charles Goodnight and the former Charlotte Collier. (Goodnight's father's grave is located in a pasture south of Bunker Hill, Illinois.)
Goodnight moved to Texas in 1846 with his mother and stepfather, Hiram Daugherty. In 1856, he became a cowboy and served with the local militia, fighting against Comanche raiders. A year later, in 1857, Goodnight joined the Texas Rangers. Goodnight is also known for rousing and leading a posse against the Comanche in 1860 that located the Indian camp where Cynthia Ann Parker was living with her husband, Peta Nocona, then guiding Texas Rangers to the camp, leading to Cynthia Ann's recapture. He later made a treaty with her son, Quanah Parker.
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Chinghiz Aitmatov
Chyngyz Aitmatov (Kyrgyz: Чыңгыз Айтматов [tʃɯŋˈʁɯs ɑjtˈmɑtəf]; Russian: Чинги́з Тореку́лович Айтма́тов) (12 December 1928, Sheker, Kirghiz ASSR, USSR - 10 June 2008, Nuremberg, Germany) was a Soviet and Kyrgyz author who wrote in both Russian and Kyrgyz. He is the best known figure in Kyrgyzstan's literature.
He was born to a Kyrgyz father and Tatar mother. Aitmatov's parents were civil servants in Sheker. In 1937 his father was charged with "bourgeois nationalism" in Moscow, arrested and executed in 1938.
Aitmatov lived at a time when Kyrgyzstan was being transformed from one of the most remote lands of the Russian Empire to a republic of the USSR. The future author studied at a Soviet school in Sheker. He also worked from an early age. At fourteen he was an assistant to the Secretary at the Village Soviet. He later held jobs as a tax collector, a loader, an engineer's assistant and continued with many other types of work.
In 1946 he began studying at the Animal Husbandry Division of the Kirghiz Agricultural Institute in Frunze, but later switched to literary studies at the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute in Moscow, where he lived from 1956 to 1958. For the next eight years he worked for Pravda. His first two publications appeared in 1952 in Russian: "The Newspaper Boy Dziuio" and "Ашым." His first work published in Kyrgyz was "Ак Жаан" (White rain, 1954), and his well-known work "Jamilya" (Jamila) appeared in 1958. 1980 saw his first novel The Day Lasts More than a Hundred Years; his next significant novel, The Scaffold was published in 1988. The Day Lasts More than a Hundred Years and other writings were translated into several languages. In 1994, he was a member of the jury at the 44th Berlin International Film Festival.
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Chris Jennings
Chris Jennings (born December 12, 1985) is a gridiron football running back who is currently a free agent. He was signed as a undrafted free agent by the Montreal Alouettes in 2008. He played college football at Arizona and high school football at Fairview High School in Ashland, Kentucky.
He has also been a member of the Cleveland Browns, Hartford Colonials, and New York Jets.
After going undrafted in the 2008 NFL Draft, Jennings drew interest from the Baltimore Ravens and worked out for the Cleveland Browns however, the Browns were not in a position to sign Jennings at the time. Instead, Jennings signed with the Montreal Alouettes of the CFL on June 15, 2008. Jennings was placed on the team's practice squad due to a rule limiting the number of American players that can be placed on active roster.
Jennings was signed by the Browns on August 18, 2009. In three preseason games, Jennings ran for 63 yards on 18 carries while catching 7 passes for 69 yards. He was waived by the Browns on September 5 but re-signed to their practice squad two days later. Jennings was promoted to the active roster on October 3 after the team placed James Davis on the injured reserve list.
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Christian Dotremont
Christian Dotremont, (12 December 1922 - 20 August 1979), was a Belgian painter and poet who was born in Tervuren, Belgium. He was a founding member of both the Revolutionary Surrealist Group (1946) and Cobra. He later became well known for his painted poems (French: Peinture mots), which he called logograms.
He died from tuberculosis in Tervuren.
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Connie Francis
Connie Francis (born Concetta Rosa Maria Franconero; December 12, 1938) is an American pop singer of Italian heritage and the top-charting female vocalist of the 1950s and 1960s. Although her chart success waned in the second half of the 1960s, Francis remained a top concert draw. Despite several severe interruptions in her career, Francis is still active as a recording and performing artist (as of November 2011).
Concetta Rosa Maria Franconero was born in the Italian Down Neck, or Ironbound, neighborhood of Newark, New Jersey, as first child to George Franconero, Sr., and Ida Franconero née Ferrari-di Vito, spending her first years in a Brooklyn neighborhood on Utica Avenue/St. Marks Avenue before the family moved to New Jersey.
In her autobiography Who's Sorry Now?, published in 1984, Francis recalls that she was encouraged by her father, George Franconero, Sr., to appear regularly at talent contests, pageants and other neighborhood festivities from the age of 4 as a singer and accordion player.
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Craig Moore
Craig Andrew Moore (born 12 December 1975 in Canterbury, New South Wales), is a retired Australian soccer defender.
Moore is best known for his two spells with Scottish Premier Division / Scottish Premier League club Rangers. Having graduated through their youth system, he made 252 appearances for the Glasgow based club from 1993 to 2005, punctuated with a season in England with Crystal Palace in the 1998–99 First Division. In his time at Rangers he became team captain and won numerous domestic league and cup honours, including making 44 appearances and scoring 4 goals in their 2002–03 Treble-winning season.
After leaving Rangers on a free transfer in January 2005, Moore spent a half-season at German Bundesliga club Borussia Mönchengladbach, before moving to English Premier League club Newcastle United. Released by Newcastle after an injury hit two seasons, Moore moved to his hometown club Queensland Roar (later renamed Brisbane Roar) in the Australian A-League, as their captain and Marquee player. After three seasons with the Roar, in January 2010 Moore moved to Greek Super League side AO Kavala, only to leave in March.
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César Basa
César Fernando Basa (1915 – 1941) was a Filipino pilot and hero of World War II. Born in 1915, he was one of the pioneer fighter pilots in the Philippine Air Force and the first Filipino casualty during World War II.
Basa's fight took place at Batangas Field on the morning of December 12, 1941 when fifty-four Japanese bombers and fighter escorts raided the base. Five Filipino fighter pilots, led by Captain Jesús Villamor, engaged the numerically superior enemy in aerial combat at 12,000 feet (3,700 m). Lieutenant Basa arrived on the scene from an air patrol mission with only 15 minutes of fuel left in his tanks, but attempted to join his comrades in the fight. While still half the distance away, he was intercepted by seven Japanese fighters and shot down. Although he bailed out, he was strafed with machine-gun fire by the A6M Zero fighters. Captain Villamor and his pilots won the battle, with the only casualty being Basa. In recognition of his heroism, Lieutenant Basa was posthumously awarded the Silver Star.
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Dag Ingebrigtsen
Dag Ingebrigtsen (born on 12 December 1958 in Trondheim, Norway) is a Norwegian musician who had his debut in 1977 with the group Subway Suck. He got his breakthrough in 1980 with the rock band The Kids, who had the hit "Forelska i lærer'n" ("In love with the teacher"). After his success with The Kids, he fronted the Norwegian hard rock band TNT. He sang and played rhythm guitar on their self-titled debut album in 1982 before being replaced by American Tony Harnell two years later. He recently reunited with TNT live during their 25th Anniversary concert to sing "Harley Davidson".
He is the father of the ski jumper Tommy Ingebrigtsen.
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Dagmar Nordstrom
Dagmar Nordstrom (December 12, 1903 – April 9, 1976) was an American composer, pianist and singer. She performed together with her sister Siggie as a cabaret singing duo known as The Nordstrom Sisters.
Dagmar Nordstrom was born in Chicago, the second daughter of Anna and Alexander Nordstrom. The family were of Swedish and Norwegian extraction. Dagmar was married briefly to a society playboy, but lived most of her life with her older sister after the death of Siggie's husband, Samuel Ferebee Williams, in 1931.
During the 1920s she cut piano rolls for Steinway and Duo-Art. These included:
Dagmar and Siggie had a flat in London for a year in 1939 when they were the resident performers at The Ritz. With the exception of their October trips to Bad Gastein for the baths, they regularly performed either in clubs in New York City or on board transatlantic ocean liners, most commonly on the Cunard Line and Norwegian America Line. The duo were on the maiden around the world voyage of the combined ocean liner/cruise ship MS Sagafjord.
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Dan DeCarlo
Daniel S. DeCarlo (December 12, 1919 – December 18, 2001) was an American cartoonist best known as the artist who developed the look of Archie Comics in the late 1950s and early 1960s, modernizing the characters to their contemporary appearance and establishing the publisher's house style. As well, he is the generally recognized creator of the characters Sabrina, the Teenage Witch, Josie and the Pussycats (with the lead character named for his wife), and Cheryl Blossom.
Dan DeCarlo was born in New Rochelle, New York, the son of a gardener. He attended New Rochelle High School in his hometown, followed by Manhattan's Art Students League from 1938 to 1941, when he was drafted into the U.S. Army. Stationed in Great Britain, he worked in the motor pool and as a draftsman, and painted company mascots on the noses of airplanes. He also drew a weekly military comic strip, 418th Scandal Sheet. He met his wife, French citizen Josie Dumont, on a blind date in Belgium not long after the Battle of the Bulge.
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Daniel Agger
Daniel Munthe Agger (Danish: [dæˀnjəl ˈɑɡ̊ʌ]; born 12 December 1984) is a Danish footballer who plays as a defender for Liverpool and captains the Denmark national football team. He started his senior career at Danish club Brøndby IF in July 2004, with whom he won the 2005 Danish Superliga championship. The Liverpool fans have created a song for him to the tune of Agadoo.
In July 2004, he was moved from the youth squad to the first team, following the departure of Swedish international defender Andreas Jakobsson. Daniel Agger quickly established himself not only as a first team regular, but as one of the key components in the team that won the 2004–05 Danish Superliga championship. Despite his relative youth, he played with great authority and class under the guidance of Brøndby team captain Per Nielsen, and after the first half of the season Agger was named 2004 "talent of the year" by Spillerforeningen (the Danish equivalent of the English PFA).
After the successful Superliga 2004–05 season, Agger was called up to the senior Danish national football team for the 1–0 friendly win against Finland on 2 June 2005, playing the full match. Agger spent the next national team match on the bench before playing the full 4–1 friendly win on 17 August 2005 over England alongside Per Nielsen, where he caused problems for the English forwards, most notably Wayne Rooney. He played the whole 90 minutes in the next two national team matches, before an injury sustained in the 2005–06 Danish Superliga season in September forced him out for the remainder of 2005. Only 20 years of age, Daniel Agger was awarded the Danish "talent of the year" of all sports on 6 December 2005.
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Daniel Magder
Daniel Magder (born December 12, 1991) is a Canadian actor. He has appeared in such projects such as The Famous Jett Jackson, and X-Men. One of his most recent roles is on Life with Derek, where he portrays Edwin Venturi. He graduated Thornlea Secondary School in Thornhill, Ontario. After attending the University of British Columbia for his first year, he transferred to the Vancouver Film School's writing for film and television course, which he completed in December 2011. He is a brother of the Alpha Epsilon Pi Fraternity, Beta Chi chapter.
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Daniel Merrett
Daniel Merrett (born 12 December 1984, in Adelaide, South Australia) is an Australian rules footballer in the Australian Football League and fullback for Brisbane Lions.
Merrett was born in Adelaide, but moved to the Gold Coast with his family at a young age. A talented schoolboy rugby player for Benowa State High School, he was identified as a potential Australian rules footballer by AFL Queensland junior development scouts due to his imposing frame and ball-handling skills, and was groomed as a key forward with the Southport Sharks. He was recruited by the Brisbane Lions with the number 30 draft pick in the 2002 AFL Draft but took several years to develop sufficiently to make his debut in Round 2, 2005 against Port Adelaide.
Daniel Merrett is well known for his trade mark spoils and his long hand ball. He is often compared to Brisbane Lions champion Justin Leppitsch.
He is no relation to former Essendon and Brisbane full forward Roger Merrett.
Daniel Merrett used to play as a full forward, centre half forward or half forward flank in his early career but now he regularly plays as a fullback. He was the defender with the most spoils in the 2007 season.
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Dave Meniketti
David Alan "Dave" Meniketti (born December 12, 1953) is the singer, songwriter and lead guitarist for 70's/80's Hard Rock/Heavy Metal band Y&T. He has also released two solo efforts.
Dave Meniketti was born and raised in Oakland, California His influences are Jimi Hendrix, John Coltrane, Leslie West, James Brown, Led Zeppelin.
As the lead singer/lead guitarist with Bay Area band Y&T, Y&T has sold over 4 million records worldwide. With them, he recorded 17 albums, toured across the United States and around the world.
When Y&T took a break from recording and performing, Meniketti built his own recording studio and proceeded to record his first solo album titled ON THE BLUE SIDE, which represented his passion for the blues. He would later release a follow up album simply titled MENIKETTI. Recorded in Tokyo, a live concert CD was released by Avex Records in 2003 titled MENIKETTI LIVE IN JAPAN.
Dave plays Gibson Les Paul and Fender Stratocaster, and has been playing the Gibson Les Paul since the early 1980s. Recently he has played a custom made LP style Bisceglia built by George Bisceglia of Bisceglia Guitars. For amplification, he uses Diezel VH4 heads, with a Mesa/Boogie Dual Rectifier as a back-up.
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David Sarnoff
David Sarnoff (Belarusian: Даві́д Сарно́ў, Russian: Дави́д Сарно́в, February 27, 1891 – December 12, 1971) was an American businessman and pioneer of American commercial radio and television. Throughout most of his career he led the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) in various capacities from shortly after its founding in 1919 until his retirement in 1970.
He ruled over an ever-growing telecommunications and consumer electronics empire that included both RCA and NBC, and became one of the largest companies in the world. Named a Reserve Brigadier General of the Signal Corps in 1945, Sarnoff thereafter was widely known as "The General."
Sarnoff is credited with Sarnoff's law, which states that the value of a broadcast network is proportional to the number of viewers.
David Sarnoff was born in Uzlyany, a small town in Belarus, to Abraham and Leah Sarnoff. He emigrated to the United States and raised funds to bring the family. Sarnoff spent much of his early childhood in a cheder studying and memorizing the Torah. He immigrated with his mother and three brothers and one sister to New York City in 1900, where he helped support his family by selling newspapers before and after his classes at the Educational Alliance. In 1906 his father became incapacitated by tuberculosis, and at age 15 Sarnoff went to work to support the family. He had planned to pursue a full-time career in the newspaper business, but a chance encounter led to a position as an office boy at the Commercial Cable Company. When his superior refused him unpaid leave for Rosh Hashanah, he joined the Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company of America on September 30, 1906, and started a career of over sixty years in electronic communications.
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David Veikune
David Fa'otusia Veikune (born December 12, 1985 in Anchorage, Alaska) is a Canadian football defensive end for the Saskatchewan Roughriders of the Canadian Football League. He was drafted by the Cleveland Browns in the second round of the 2009 NFL Draft. He played college football at Hawaii.
He has also played for the Denver Broncos.
Veikune played high school football at Campbell High School in 'Ewa Beach, Hawai'i. As a senior he posted 92 tackles, 26 tfl's and 16.5 sacks. He was named 1st team by the starbulliten and the Honolulu advertiser.
He started his career at the University of Colorado at Boulder where he was redshirted in 2004.
He transferred to Fresno City College where he spent a year. He earned All-Northern California honorable mention.
Later he transferred to the University of Hawaii at Manoa where he saw action as a special teamer and as backup in 2006. In 2007, Veikune was named a 1st team ALL-WAC Selection even though he never started a game. He led the WAC in sacks with seven (pre-bowl). In 2008, Veikune earned a 2nd team ALL-WAC Selection after he was the team’s third leading tackler with 73 and was among the WAC’s leaders with 16.5 tackles for loss and nine sacks. He played Defensive Tackle and Defensive End at Hawaii. He also had 11 quarterback hurries and forced four fumbles.
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Deke Sharon
Deke Sharon (born December 12, 1967) is an American singer, arranger, composer, director, producer and teacher of a cappella music, and is one of the leaders of the contemporary a cappella community and a pioneer of the contemporary a cappella style, referred to as "the father of contemporary a cappella" by some authors.
Deke Sharon was born and raised in San Francisco, attending Town School and San Francisco University High School as well as singing in the San Francisco Boys Chorus.
He spent his college years in Boston, graduating cum laude from Tufts University and the New England Conservatory of Music. In college, he directed the collegiate a cappella group the Tufts Beelzebubs, transforming the group's sound to reflect modern rock, complete with vocal percussion. The 1990–91 Bubs album Foster Street that he music directed, co-produced and largely arranged is credited with giving birth to the contemporary a cappella sound.
In his dorm room, he founded The Contemporary A Cappella Society and The Ultimate A Cappella Arranging Service (which became TotalVocal), as well as brought the Harmony Sweepstakes to the East Coast, producing the first Boston regional with the Beelzebubs. It was in college that he decided to make a career of contemporary a cappella.
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Dickey Betts
Forrest Richard "Dickey" Betts (born December 12, 1943) is an American guitarist, singer, songwriter, and composer best known as a founding member of The Allman Brothers Band. He was inducted with the band into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1995 and also won with the band a best rock performance Grammy Award for his instrumental "Jessica" in 1996. Recognized as "one of the most influential guitar players of all time", he had early on in his career one of rock’s finest guitar partnerships with the late Duane Allman introducing melodic twin guitar harmony and counterpoint which "rewrote the rules for how two rock guitarists can work together, completely scrapping the traditional rhythm/lead roles to stand toe to toe". Dickey Betts was ranked #58 on Rolling Stone's 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time list in 2003, and #61 on the list published in 2011.
Born in West Palm Beach, Florida, Betts grew up in a musical family listening to bluegrass, country and Western Swing music. He started playing ukelele at five and, as his hands got bigger, moved on to mandolin, banjo and guitar. At sixteen and feeling the need for something "a little faster," he played in a series of rock bands on the Florida circuit, up the East Coast and into the midwest before forming the Second Coming with Berry Oakley in 1967. According to Rick Derringer, the "group called the Jokers" referenced in "Rock and Roll Hootchie Coo" was one of Betts' early groups. He is currently living in Sarasota, Florida.
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Dionne Warwick
Dionne Warwick (born Marie Dionne Warrick; December 12, 1940) is an American singer, actress and TV show host, who became a United Nations Global Ambassador for the Food and Agriculture Organization, and a United States Ambassador of Health.
Having been in a partnership with Burt Bacharach and Hal David, Warwick ranks among the 40 biggest hit makers of the entire rock era (1955–1999), based on the Billboard Hot 100 Pop Singles Charts. Warwick ranks second only to Aretha Franklin as the most-charted female vocalist with 56 singles making the Billboard Hot 100 between 1962 and 1998. She is also a cousin of Whitney Houston.
Warwick was born in East Orange, New Jersey, to Mancel Warwick (1911–1977), who began his career as a Pullman porter and subsequently became a chef, a gospel record promoter for Chess Records and later a Certified Public Accountant; and Lee Drinkard Warwick (1920–2005), manager of The Drinkard Singers (see below). Warwick had a sister Delia "Dee Dee" and a brother, Mancel Jr., who was killed in an accident in 1968 at the age of 21.[citation needed]. She has African American, Native American, Brazilian and Dutch ancestry.
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Dmitry Tursunov
Dmitry Igorevich Tursunov (Russian: Дми́трий И́горевич Турсу́нов (help·info); born December 12, 1982, in Moscow, Russia) is a Russian professional male tennis player. He was 12 years old when he came to the United States to train and further his prospects of becoming a professional player.
Tursunov is an offensive baseliner with excellent groundstrokes from both sides[citation needed], and prefers to play on faster surfaces; he jokes about his lack of ability and success on clay courts. He is sponsored by Fila and Wilson.
Tursunov helped the Russian Davis Cup team win the 2006 Davis Cup, and reach the finals of the 2007 Davis Cup.
Tursunov began tennis in Moscow when his father made him play a few hours a day at 5. He came to the United States to train with Vitaly Gorin.
I practiced a few hours a day. My dad realized fairly early that I had a lot of potential. A lot of people criticize him for basically choosing that career for me. He understood that I didn’t have many options to make money and since he really liked tennis, he decided that I was to be a tennis player. It just happened that I was naturally good at it.
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Dorin Goian
Dorin Goian (born 12 December 1980) is a Romanian footballer who plays for Scottish Premier League club Rangers. A physical centre back, he is also a member of the Romanian national team.
In 1997, he signed for Foresta Fălticeni, a football club from Suceava County, where he played for the club's second team. Two years later, he was promoted to the first team. He made his first appearance in the Divizia A in 2000, when he was 20 years old in a match versus Gloria Bistriţa. It was a happy début for the young centre back, ashis team won the match 2–0.
Foresta Falticeni did not manage to keep up the good work, so at the end of the season, the team was relegated to the second division and never reached the first division again.
Despite the lamentable performances of his actual team Foresta that only managed to get the tenth place in the second division, Goian was remarked by the officials of Ceahlăul Piatra Neamţ, a small team from the First Romanian Division, and he was transferred there at the middle of the season.
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Doris Blackburn
Doris Amelia Blackburn (18 September 1889 – 12 December 1970) was an Australian activist and Member of Parliament.
She was born Doris Amelia Hordern in Melbourne, Victoria, and became involved in women's rights and peace issues from a young age and served as the campaign secretary of Vida Goldstein, the first woman to stand for election to federal parliament in Australia. She married Maurice Blackburn, a fellow firebrand socialist, in 1914 and spent their honeymoon organising anti-war and anti-conscription campaigns.
While her husband served at different times as a Labor member of the Victorian and Federal parliaments, Blackburn continued to work on social issues, some of which brought her into conflict with the Labor Party (of which she too was a member) and following Maurice's expulsion from the party in 1937, Doris resigned from the ALP. Maurice continued to sit in parliament as an independent but lost his seat at the 1943 federal election to the official Labor candidate, and died the following year.
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Douglas Fairbanks
Douglas Fairbanks, Sr. (May 23, 1883 – December 12, 1939) was an American actor, screenwriter, director and producer. He was best known for his swashbuckling roles in silent films such as The Thief of Bagdad, Robin Hood, and The Mark of Zorro.
An astute businessman, Fairbanks was a founding member of United Artists. Fairbanks was also a founding member of The Motion Picture Academy and hosted the first Oscars Ceremony in 1929. With his marriage to Mary Pickford in 1920, the couple became Hollywood royalty and Fairbanks was referred to as "The King of Hollywood", a nickname later passed on to actor Clark Gable. His career rapidly declined with the advent of the "talkies".
Fairbanks was born Douglas Elton Thomas Ullman (spelled "Ulman" by Douglas Fairbanks, Jr. in his memoirs) in Denver, Colorado, the son of H. Charles Ullman (born September 15, 1833) and Ella Adelaide Marsh (born 1847). He had a half-brother, John Fairbanks, Jr. (born 1873), and a full brother, Robert Payne Ullman (March 13, 1882 – February 22, 1948).
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Ed Koch
Edward Irving "Ed" Koch ( /ˈkɒtʃ/; born December 12, 1924) is an American lawyer, politician, and political commentator. He served in the United States House of Representatives from 1969 to 1977 and three terms as mayor of New York City from 1978 to 1989. He also became known as a "judge" on the television judge show The People's Court from 1997 to 1999.
Koch was born in The Bronx, New York City, to a Conservative Jewish family residing in Newark, New Jersey, where his father worked at a theater. As a child he worked as a hatcheck boy in a Newark dance hall. He graduated from South Side High School in Newark in 1941. He was drafted into the United States Army in 1943 where he served as an infantryman with the 104th Infantry Division, landing in Cherbourg, France in September 1944. He earned two Battle Stars as a Combat Infantryman. He was honorably discharged with the rank of Sergeant in 1946. Koch returned to New York City to attend City College of New York and New York University School of Law and received his law degree in 1948.
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Eddy Schepers
Eddy Schepers (born 12 December 1955 in Tienen) was a Belgian former professional cyclist. He was a professional cyclist from 1978 to 1990 where he rode for many teams including C&A, Carrera and Fagor. He started out in the C&A cycling team of Belgian Eddy Merckx before riding for various teams.
In 1986 he rode alongside Irish cyclist Stephen Roche for the first time in the Carrera cycling team and he became a loyal teammate of Roche that year. During the following year, Schepers was instrumental in Roche winning the 1987 Giro d'Italia and the Tour de France in supporting him on the road and also against the rest of the team who wanted the Italian Roberto Visentini to win the Giro d'Italia. On the fifth stage of the 1987 Giro d'Italia, Schepers let his breakaway companion Jean-Claude Bagot take the stage win in exchange for team support from Bagot's Fagor team if it was called upon in the future. In spite of working for Roche in the Giro d'Italia, Schepers still managed to place 12th in the general classification. Again in the 1987 edition of the Tour de France, Schepers provided Roche with crucial support while the rest of the team did not. Afterwards Schepers went with Roche to the Fagor team but with Roche past his peak due to chronic knee injury, their association stopped. Schepers spent his last year in the peloton riding for the Belgian team Tulip Computers.
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Edvard Munch
Edvard Munch (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈmʉŋk], 12 December 1863 – 23 January 1944) was a Norwegian painter and printmaker whose intensely evocative treatment of psychological themes built upon some of the main tenets of late 19th-century Symbolism and greatly influenced German Expressionism in the early 20th century. One of his most well-known works is The Scream of 1893.
Edvard Munch was born in a rustic farmhouse in the village of Ådalsbruk in Løten, to Christian Munch, the son of a priest. Christian was a doctor and medical officer who married Laura Catherine Bjølstad, a woman half his age, in 1861. Edvard had an elder sister, Johanne Sophie (born 1862), and three younger siblings: Peter Andreas (born 1865), Laura Catherine (born 1867), and Inger Marie (born 1868). Both Sophie and Edvard appear to have inherited their artistic talent from their mother. Edvard Munch was related to painter Jacob Munch (1776–1839) and historian Peter Andreas Munch (1810–1863).
The family moved to Christiania (now Oslo) in 1864 when Christian Munch was appointed medical officer at Akershus Fortress. Edvard's mother died of tuberculosis in 1868, as did Munch's favorite sister Johanne Sophie in 1877. After their mother's death, the Munch siblings were raised by their father and by their aunt Karen. Often ill for much of the winters and kept out of school, Edvard would draw to keep himself occupied, and received tutoring from his school mates and his aunt. Christian Munch also instructed his son in history and literature, and entertained the children with vivid ghost-stories and tales of Edgar Allan Poe.
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Emerson Fittipaldi
Emerson Fittipaldi (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈɛmeɾsõw fitʃiˈpawdʒi]; born December 12, 1946 in São Paulo, Brazil) is a Brazilian automobile racing driver who throughout a long and successful career won the Indianapolis 500 twice and championships in both Formula One and CART.
Emerson Fittipaldi is the youngest son of prominent Brazilian motorsports journalist and radio commentator Wilson Fittipaldi Sr and his wife Józefa "Juzy" Wojciechowska, a immigrant from Poland of Polish and Russian descent. He was named after American author and philosopher, Ralph Waldo Emerson. Both his parents had raced production cars shortly after the Second World War and Wilson Sr was also responsible for the first Mil Milhas race in 1956, in São Paulo, having been inspired by the 1949 Italian Mille Miglia. Emerson became a motorsports enthusiast at an early age.
Emerson Fittipaldi is the younger brother of former Formula One driver and team owner Wilson Fittipaldi. He is the uncle of former CART, Formula One and NASCAR driver Christian Fittipaldi. He was married to Maria Helena from 1970 to 1982. They had three children together, Juliana, Jayson and Tatiana. He was married again, to Teresa, in the mid-1980s. They have one daughter, Joana, and a son, Luca. Now, he has another son, Emerson Fanucchi Fittipaldi, born on March 6, 2007, with his new wife, Rossana Fanucchi Fittipaldi.
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Emperor of China
The Emperor of China (Chinese: 皇帝; pinyin: Huángdì, pronounced [xu̯ɑ̌ŋ tî]) refers to any sovereign of Imperial China reigning between the founding of Qin Dynasty of China, united by the King of Qin in 221 BCE, and the fall of Yuan Shikai's Empire of China in 1916. When referred to as the Son of Heaven (Chinese: 天子; pinyin: tiānzǐ, pronounced [ti̯ɛ́n tsɨ̀]), a title that predates the Qin unification, the Emperor was recognized as the ruler of "All under heaven" (i.e., the world). In practice not every Emperor held supreme power, though this was most often the case.[citation needed]
Emperors from the same family are generally classified in historical periods known as Dynasties. Most of China's imperial rulers have commonly been considered members of the Han ethnicity, although recent scholarship tends to be wary of applying current ethnic categories to historical situations. During the Yuan and Qing dynasties China was ruled by ethnic Mongols and Manchus respectively after being conquered by them. The orthodox historical view over the years sees these as non-native dynasties that were sinicized over time, though some more recent scholars argue that the interaction between politics and ethnicity was far more complex. Nevertheless, in both cases these rulers had claimed the Mandate of Heaven to assume the role of traditional emperors in order to rule over China proper.
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Enrique Jorrín
Enrique Jorrín (Candelaria, Pinar del Río, December 25, 1926 - Havana, December 12, 1987) was a Cuban composer, violinist and band director. He is famous as the inventor of a style of Cuban dance music called cha-cha-chá.
At an early age, his family moved to the El Cerro neighborhood of Havana, where Jorrín was to live for the rest of his life. At the age of 12, he began to show a particular interest in music and decided to learn the violin. He then pursued musical studies at the Municipal Conservatory of Havana.
He started out as a violinist in the orchestra of Cuba's National Institute of Music, under the direction of González Mántici. In 1941, he became a member of the danzonera Hermanos Contreras. It was here that he became interested in popular music. Next, he joined the renowned charanga Antonio Arcaño y sus Maravillas.
In the early 1950s, while a member of Ninón Mondéjar's Orquesta América, he created a new genre of dance music which became known as the cha-cha-chá.
He lived in Mexico from 1954 to 1958. In 1964, he toured Africa and Europe with his orchestra- Orquesta de Enrique Jorrín. From 1964 onwards, he recorded extensively for the Cuban record label EGREM.
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Fay Compton
Fay Compton (/ˈkʌmptən/; 1894–1978) was an English actress from a notable acting lineage; her father was actor/manager Edward Compton; her mother, Virginia Bateman, was a distinguished member of the profession, as were her sister, the actress Viola Compton, and her uncles and aunts. Her grandfather was the 19th century theatrical luminary Henry Compton. The novelist Compton Mackenzie was her brother.
Virginia Lilian Emmeline Compton Mackenzie was born in West Kensington, London, England. Compton made her first professional appearances between 1911 and 1913 with The Follies under the leadership of H.G. Pelissier, her future first husband, whom she married as a teenager. She made her mark in the several plays of J.M. Barrie (of Peter Pan fame) introducing him to London audiences, notably in the title role of Mary Rose in 1920. In 1926, she published reminiscences entitled Rosemary: Some remembrances.
Active in the classics as well as contemporary material, Compton had the distinction of playing Ophelia opposite two of the most celebrated Hamlets, John Barrymore and John Gielgud. In 1962 she appeared as Marya in Laurence Olivier's production of Uncle Vanya at Chichester Festival Theatre. This production was filmed.
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Frank Sinatra
Francis Albert "Frank" Sinatra, /sɨˈnɑːtrə/, (December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer and film actor.
Beginning his musical career in the swing era with Harry James and Tommy Dorsey, Sinatra became an unprecedentedly successful solo artist in the early to mid-1940s, after being signed to Columbia Records in 1943. Being the idol of the "bobby soxers", he released his first album, The Voice of Frank Sinatra in 1946. His professional career had stalled by the 1950s, but it was reborn in 1953 after he won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in From Here to Eternity.
He signed with Capitol Records in 1953 and released several critically lauded albums (such as In the Wee Small Hours, Songs for Swingin' Lovers, Come Fly with Me, Only the Lonely and Nice 'n' Easy). Sinatra left Capitol to found his own record label, Reprise Records in 1961 (finding success with albums such as Ring-a-Ding-Ding!, Sinatra at the Sands and Francis Albert Sinatra & Antonio Carlos Jobim), toured internationally, was a founding member of the Rat Pack and fraternized with celebrities and statesmen, including John F. Kennedy. Sinatra turned 50 in 1965, recorded the retrospective September of My Years, starred in the Emmy-winning television special Frank Sinatra: A Man and His Music, and scored hits with "Strangers in the Night" and "My Way".
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Fred Kida
Fred Kida (born December 12, 1920, New York City, New York) is an American comic book and comic strip artist best known for the characters Airboy and Valkyrie.
Born and raised in Manhattan, Kida attended New York City's American School of Design, where Bill Fraccio and Bob Fujitani were classmates. Like many young artists in the Golden Age of comic books, he then broke into the field at the Jerry Iger Studio, formerly Eisner & Iger, one of the earliest "packagers" that produced outsourced comic book content for publishers entering the new medium. Starting as an inker and background artist in 1941, Kida moved on to a staff position at Iger client Quality Comics.[citation needed] There he both penciled and inked his first known credited work, the feature "Phantom Clipper" in Military Comics #9 (April 1942).
In 1942, he joined Hillman Periodicals, where he drew such features as "Iron Ace" (from its premiere in Air Fighters Comics vol. 1, #2, Nov. 1942), "Boy King" and "Gunmaster", and the following year began work on his most prominent Golden Age character, Airboy. That aviation hero, created by writer Charles Biro with scripter Dick Wood and artist Al Camy, appeared initially in Air Fighters Comics, later renamed Airboy Comics. Aside from Airboy himself, the feature was known for the sexy antagonist the Valkyrie, a cleavage-baring Axis aviatrix who soon defected and became his ally.
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Garrett Atkins
Garrett Bernard Atkins (born December 12, 1979, in Orange, California) is a Major League Baseball first baseman who is currently a Free Agent. He bats and throws right-handed.
In 2005, his 89 runs batted in led not only the Rockies, but all major league rookies as well. In 2006, Atkins ranked in the top ten of nearly all batting categories in the National League, posting a .329 batting average with 120 runs batted in and 117 runs scored.
Atkins attended University High School in Irvine, California. As a senior, he was named the Irvine World News All-City MVP, after posting a .557 batting average, along with a school single-season record 13 home runs.
After being drafted by the New York Mets in 1997 out of high school, Atkins elected to attend college instead. He was recruited by Pepperdine, USC, Oklahoma State, Cal State Fullerton and UCLA, choosing the latter. At UCLA, Atkins majored in sociology and became the first three-time All-American. His accomplishments included compiling a 33-game hitting streak. He began as a first baseman before converting to third base, where he made 51 starts in 1998. However, in 1999, his sophomore campaign, Atkins played first base again and led the team in hits. He was a teammate and roommate of Philadelphia Phillies' second baseman Chase Utley, and along with him, was one of only two Bruins to start every game. Atkins was drafted in 2000 out of UCLA by the Colorado Rockies in the fifth round (137th overall). This time, he chose to accept the offer from an MLB club and began the process of reaching the majors.
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Gary Breen
Gary Patrick Breen (born 12 December 1973 in Hendon, London) is an English born Irish footballer who made more than 500 appearances in the Football League and Premier League. He played for numerous clubs over a 20-year career, including more than 100 appearances each for Coventry City and Sunderland. He won 63 caps for the Republic of Ireland, and played in the 2002 FIFA World Cup, scoring in Ireland's 3–0 victory over Saudi Arabia.
Breen began his professional career as a youth player at Charlton Athletic but never made a first-team appearance for the club. Instead, he moved to Maidstone United where he played his first league game at age 17. After one full season with the club he joined Gillingham where he eventually became a first-team regular, prompting a £70,000 bid from Peterborough United.
He only had one full season at Peterborough United, but did well enough to draw attention from First Division Birmingham City, who paid £250,000 for him in February 1996. Less than 12 months after arriving at Birmingham, he was on the move again, to Premier League Coventry City in a £2.5 million deal. He played for five full seasons at Highfield Road, four in the top flight.
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Gebran Tueni
Gebran Ghassan Tueni (Arabic: جبران تويني) (September 15, 1957 – December 12, 2005) was a Lebanese politician and the former editor and publisher of the mass circulation An-Nahar daily newspaper in Beirut, Lebanon.
Tueni was a third generation journalist. An-Nahar was established by his grandfather, also named Gebran Tueni, in 1933. His father, Ghassan Tueni, ran the newspaper for decades.
Tueni had degrees in journalism, international relations and management from French universities. His mother was the famous Francophone, Lebanese Druze poet, Nadia Hamadeh Tueni. His uncle was the Druze, Telecommunications Minister Marwan Hamadeh.
Tueni came to international prominence in March 2000 when he wrote an editorial calling for the withdrawal of Syrian troops from Lebanon. In March 2005, he contributed to the Cedar Revolution demonstrations during which he gave the famous "In the name of God We, Muslims and Christians, Pledge that united we shall remain to the end of time to better defend our Lebanon" speech. In May 2005 he was elected a member of Parliament of Lebanon for the Greek Orthodox seat in Beirut on an anti-Syrian slate led by Saad al-Hariri, son of assassinated former Prime Minister Rafik al-Hariri. He was a member of the political coalition Qornet Shehwan Gathering headed by Catholic Maronite bishop Youssef Bechara.
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Gennaro Manna
Gennaro Manna (12 December 1715 - 28 December 1779) was an Italian composer based in Naples. His compositional output includes 13 operas and more than 150 sacred works, including several oratorios.
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Georgios Theodoridis
Georgios Theodoridis (Greek: Γέωργιος Θεοδωρίδης, born December 12, 1972 in Kozani) is a Greek sprinter specializing in the 60 metres and 100 metres.
He finished sixth at the 1998 European Indoor Championships, won the silver medal at the 2000 European Indoor Championships, finished seventh at the 2001 World Indoor Championships and won the bronze medal in at the 2004 World Indoor Championships. He also competed at the Olympic Games in 2000 and 2004, the World Championships in 1999 and 2003 and the World Indoor Championships in 1999 World Indoor Championships and 2003 World Indoor Championships without reaching the final round.
His personal best time is 10.17 seconds, achieved during the 2003 World Championships in Paris. This ranks him eighth among Greek 100 metres sprinters, behind Angelos Pavlakakis, Aristotelis Gavelas, Christoforos Choidis, Alexandros Yenovelis, Haralambos Papadias, Konstantinos Kenteris and Alexis Alexopoulos, and joint with Panayotis Sarris.
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Gerd von Rundstedt
Karl Rudolf Gerd von Rundstedt (12 December 1875 – 24 February 1953) was a Generalfeldmarschall (Field Marshal) of the German Army during World War II. He held some of the highest field commands in all phases of the war.
Born into an aristocratic Prussian family, he entered the Reichswehr and rose steadily through the ranks in World War I. In the inter-war years, he continued his career, but ultimately retired. Nevertheless. at the beginning of World War II he returned as Commander of the Army Group South in the Poland campaign. He maintained command of large formations during Fall Gelb and was promoted to the rank of Field Marshal on 19 July 1940. In the Russian Campaign, he commanded Army Group South, responsible for the largest encirclement in history, the Battle of Kiev. Due to the failure of Operation Barbarossa, he—like many commanders—was dropped by Adolf Hitler, but was recalled in 1942 as OB West. He retained this command (with several interruptions) until his dismissal by Hitler in March 1945, before he was captured by the Allies.
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Giannis Zaradoukas
Giannis Zaradoukas (Greek: Γιάννης Ζαραδούκας; born 12 December 1985) is a Greek international football player currently playing as a left back for Olympiacos F.C. in the Greek Super League.
On loan from Panathinaikos in 2007–08, Zaradoukas helped Panserraikos earned promotion from Beta Ethniki to the Greek Super League.
Following his successful season with Panserraikos, Panathinaikos loaned Zaradoukas to Ethnikos Piraeus – another strong Beta Ethniki club looking to earn promotion to the Super League – for the 2008–09 season..
In September 2011, Zaradoukas was released on free transfer, due to the relegation of Olympiakos Volou for involving in match-fixing scandals and signed a 2-year contract with Olympiakos F.C.. On 29 December 2011, he signed a six-month loan deal with PAS Giannina, as he didn't feature in the plans of his coach. He scored he's first goal for Pas Giannina against Kerkyra on 4 February 2012.
On 10 August 2011, he debuted for the Greek national team, after a call-up by national coach Fernando Santos in a friendly match against Bosnia and Herzegovina. His first competitive match for the national team was during a successful 1–0 win against Israel for the EURO 2012 qualification round.
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Guglielmo Marconi
Guglielmo Marconi (Italian pronunciation: [ɡuʎˈʎɛːlmo marˈkoːni]; 25 April 1874 – 20 July 1937) was an Italian inventor, known as the father of long distance radio transmission and for his development of Marconi's law and a radio telegraph system. Marconi is often credited as the inventor of radio, and indeed he shared the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics with Karl Ferdinand Braun "in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy". Much of Marconi's work in radio transmission was built upon previous experimentation and the commercial exploitation of ideas by others such as Hertz, Maxwell, Faraday, Popov, Lodge, Fessenden, Stone, Bose, and Tesla. As an entrepreneur, businessman, and founder of the The Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company in 1897, Marconi succeeded in making a commercial success of radio by innovating and building on the work of previous experimenters and physicists. In 1924, he was ennobled as Marchese Marconi.
Marconi was born in Bologna on April 25, 1874, the second son of Giuseppe Marconi, an Italian landowner, and his Irish wife, Annie Jameson, daughter of Andrew Jameson of Daphne Castle in the County Wexford, Ireland and granddaughter of John Jameson, founder of whiskey distillers Jameson & Sons. Marconi was educated privately in Bologna in the lab of Augusto Righi, in Florence at the Istituto Cavallero and, later, in Livorno. As a child Marconi did not do well in school.Baptized as a Catholic, he was also a member of the Anglican Church, being married into it; however, he still received a Catholic annulment.
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Gus G
Kostas Karamitroudis (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος "Κώστας" Καραμητρούδης) also known as Gus G, born September 12, 1980 in Thessaloniki, Greece is a heavy metal guitarist. He currently plays with his band Firewind and Ozzy Osbourne. He has also played in Mystic Prophecy, Nightrage, Arch Enemy and Dream Evil.
At the age of 18 he left Greece to enroll in the Berklee College of Music, but left after only a few weeks and began working on making a name on the metal scene. During his brief time at Berklee Gus came into contact with Joe Stump, who he credits as a great influence on his career. On July 2005, he temporarily replaced Christopher Amott as guitarist of melodic death metal band Arch Enemy on their Ozzfest dates, and also contributed to their album Doomsday Machine by playing lead guitar on the song "Taking Back my Soul".
He has made guest appearances for various artists,including the title track song on the latest Rob Rock release "Garden of Chaos" as well as providing solos on the songs "Felonies of the Christian Art" and "Life Deprived" by Old Man's Child, from the album In Defiance of Existence, and a few solos on the album Gallows Gallery by the Japanese avant-garde black metal band Sigh).
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Gustav Ernesaks
Gustav Ernesaks (12 December 1908 in Peningi, Governorate of Estonia, Russian Empire – 24 January 1993 in Tallinn, Estonia) was an Estonian composer and a choir conductor.
He played an integral role in the Singing Revolution and was one of the father figures of the Estonian Song Festival tradition; one of his songs, set to Lydia Koidula's poem Mu isamaa on minu arm, became an unofficial national anthem during the years of Soviet occupation; ironically, he was also the composer of the Anthem of Estonian SSR used between 1945 and 1990.
A statue of him was erected in 2004 on the Tallinn Song Festival Grounds.
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Gustave Flaubert
Gustave Flaubert (French pronunciation: [ɡystav flobɛʁ]) (December 12, 1821 – May 8, 1880) was a French writer who is counted among the greatest Western novelists. He is known especially for his first published novel, Madame Bovary (1857), and for his scrupulous devotion to his art and style.
Flaubert was born on December 12, 1821, in Rouen, in the Seine-Maritime department of Upper Normandy, in northern France. He was the second son of Achille-Cléophas Flaubert (1784–1846), a surgeon, and Anne Justine Caroline (née Fleuriot) (1793–1872). He began writing at an early age, as early as eight according to some sources.
He was educated at the Lycée Pierre Corneille in Rouen. and did not leave until 1840, when he went to Paris to study law. In Paris, he was an indifferent student and found the city distasteful. He made a few acquaintances, including Victor Hugo. Toward the close of 1840, he traveled in the Pyrenees and Corsica. In 1846, after an attack of epilepsy, he left Paris and abandoned the study of law.
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Hank Williams III
Shelton Hank Williams, also known as Hank Williams III and Hank 3 (born December 12, 1972), is a singer, drummer, bassist, and guitarist. In addition to his honky tonk recordings, Williams' style alternates between country, punk and metal. He is the principal member of the punk metal band Assjack, the drummer for the Southern hardcore punk band Arson Anthem, and was the bassist for Pantera singer Phil Anselmo's band Superjoint Ritual. He has released seven studio albums, including five for Curb Records. Williams is the grandson of country music legend Hank Williams and the son of Hank Williams Jr.. Williams has dabbled in feature length films, most notably a small role in the famous Mark Wahlberg film "Shooter".
Hank spent much of his early career playing drums in punk rock bands during the late 1980s and early to mid 1990s. Williams signed a contract with Nashville, Tennessee, music industry giant Curb Records. Three Hanks: Men With Broken Hearts was issued shortly thereafter, which spliced together recordings to make it seem that three generations of Williams men were singing alongside one another. In the late 1980s, upon first meeting Hank Williams III, Minnie Pearl, a friend of the late Hank Williams Sr., reportedly said "Lord, honey, you're a ghost," as she was astonished by his striking resemblance to his grandfather.
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Hans Keilson
Hans Alex Keilson (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈhɑns ˈkɛilsɔn]; 12 December 1909 – 31 May 2011) was a Jewish German/Dutch novelist, poet, psychoanalyst, and child psychologist. He was best known for his novels set during the Second World War, during which he was an active member of the Dutch resistance.
Keilson, having worked with traumatized orphans, mainly wrote about traumas induced by the war. His first novel was published in 1934, but most of his works were published after the war. In 2010, The New York Times 's Francine Prose described Keilson as "one of the world's greatest writers", notably honouring Keilson's achievements in the year in which he turned 101 years old.
From 1928 to 1934, Keilson studied pharmacology in Berlin, but due to the Nazi law prohibiting Jews from employment, Keilson was employed as a professional gym teacher to Jewish private schools, and occasionally made money as a musician. During this period, Keilson also met his first wife, graphologist Gertrud Manz (1901). In 1936, the couple went into exile and fled to the Netherlands. During his time here, Keilson wrote a few books in Dutch language, crediting himself under the pseudonym Benjamin Cooper.
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Heinrich Himmler
Heinrich Luitpold Himmler (pronounced [ˈhaɪnʁɪç ˈluˑɪtˌpɔlt ˈhɪmlɐ] ( listen) 7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945) was Reichsführer of the Schutzstaffel (SS), a military commander, and a leading member of the Nazi Party (NSDAP). As Chief of the German Police and the Minister of the Interior from 1943, Himmler oversaw all internal and external police and security forces, including the Gestapo (Secret State Police). Serving as Reichsführer and later as Commander of the Replacement (Home) Army and General Plenipotentiary for the entire Reich's administration (Generalbevollmächtigter für die Verwaltung), Himmler was one of the most powerful men in Nazi Germany and one of the persons most directly responsible for the Holocaust.
As overseer of the concentration camps, extermination camps, and Einsatzgruppen (literally: task forces, often used as death squads operating to the rear of frontline troops to murder Jews, communists and 'untermensch' in occupied territories), Himmler coordinated the killing of some six million Jews, between 200,000 and 500,000 Roma, many prisoners of war, and possibly another three to four million Poles, as well as other groups whom the Nazis deemed unworthy to live, including people with physical and mental disabilities, Jehovah's Witnesses, members of the Confessing Church, and homosexuals. Shortly before the end of the war, he offered to surrender both Germany and himself to the Western Allies if he were spared prosecution. After being arrested by British forces on 22 May 1945, he committed suicide the following day before he could be questioned.
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Helen Frankenthaler
Helen Frankenthaler (December 12, 1928 – December 27, 2011) was an American abstract expressionist painter. She was a major contributor to the history of postwar American painting. Having exhibited her work for over six decades (early 1950s until 2011), she spanned several generations of abstract painters while continuing to produce vital and ever-changing new work. Frankenthaler began exhibiting her large-scale abstract expressionist paintings in contemporary museums and galleries in the early 1950s. She was included in the 1964 Post-Painterly Abstraction exhibition curated by Clement Greenberg that introduced a newer generation of abstract painting that came to be known as Color Field. Born in Manhattan, she was influenced by Hans Hofmann, Jackson Pollock's paintings and by Clement Greenberg. Her work has been the subject of several retrospective exhibitions, including a 1989 retrospective at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, and been exhibited worldwide since the 1950s. In 2001, she was awarded the National Medal of Arts.
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Henry Wells
Henry Wells (December 12, 1805 – December 10, 1878) was an American businessman important in the history of both the American Express Company and Wells Fargo & Company.
Henry Wells was born in 1805 in Thetford, Vermont, the son of Shepley Wells, a Presbyterian minister who moved his family to central New York State in the westward migration of Yankees out of New England. He was a member of the seventh generation of his family in America. His original immigrant ancestor was Thomas Welles (1590–1659), who arrived in Massachusetts in 1635 and was the only man in Connecticut's history to hold all four top offices: governor, deputy governor, treasurer, and secretary. In this capacity, he transcribed the Fundamental Orders into the official colony records on 14 January 1638, OS, (24 January 1639, NS). As a child, Henry worked on a farm and attended school in Fayette. In 1822 he was apprenticed to Jessup & Palmer, tanners and shoemakers at Palmyra, New York.
As a young man Wells married Sarah Daggett, who died in Albany, New York, October 13, 1859. In 1861 he married Mary Prentice of Boston. They had four children: Charles, Mary, Oscar, and Edward.
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Heraclius
Heraclius (Latin: Flavius Heraclius Augustus, Greek: Φλάβιος Ἡράκλειος, c. 575 – February 11, 641) was Byzantine Emperor from 610 to 641.
He was responsible for introducing Greek as the Eastern Empire's official language. His rise to power began in 608, when he and his father, Heraclius the Elder, the exarch of Africa, successfully led a revolt against the unpopular usurper Phocas.
Heraclius' reign was marked by several military campaigns. The year Heraclius came to power, the empire was threatened on multiple frontiers. Heraclius immediately took charge of the ongoing war against the Sassanids. The first battles of the campaign ended in defeat for the Byzantines; the Persian army fought their way to the Bosphorus. However, because Constantinople was protected by impenetrable walls and a strong navy, Heraclius was able to avoid total defeat. Soon after, he initiated reforms to rebuild and strengthen the military. Heraclius drove the Persians out of Asia Minor and pushed deep into their territory, defeating them decisively in 627 at the Battle of Nineveh. The Persian king Khosrau II was assassinated soon after and peace was restored to the two deeply strained empires.
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Herb Dhaliwal
Harbance Singh (Herb) Dhaliwal, PC (born December 12, 1952) is a Canadian politician.
Born in India, Dhaliwal's family immigrated to Vancouver when he was six. He attended John Oliver Secondary School, graduating in 1972. After graduating from the University of British Columbia with a Bachelor of Commerce degree, he started a maintenance company out of his basement. He's a top level executive of Dynamic Facility Services Ltd.. He became a self-made millionaire with diversified business interests including transportation, maintenance and real estate development.
He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in the 1993 election as the Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) for Vancouver South.
Prime Minister Jean Chrétien recommended Dhaliwal's appointment to Cabinet (the first Indian-Canadian to become a federal cabinet minister) in 1997 as Minister of Revenue. In 1999, he became Minister of Fisheries and Oceans, and in 2002 he was appointed Minister of Natural Resources and Minister with political responsibility for British Columbia.
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Heydar Aliyev
Heydar Alirza oglu Aliyev (Azerbaijani: Heydər Əlirza oğlu Əliyev, Russian: Гейдар Алиевич Алиев; 10 May 1923[dead link] – 12 December 2003), also spelled as Heidar Aliev, Geidar Aliev, Haydar Aliyev, Geydar Aliyev was the third President of Azerbaijan for the New Azerbaijan Party from October 1993 to October 2003, when his son Ilham Aliyev succeeded him.
From 1969 to 1982, Aliyev was also the leader of Soviet Azerbaijan, practically dominating the political life of Azerbaijan for over many years. He was married to Zarifa Aliyeva, who died in 1985, and was survived by his son and daughter.
The details of much of Aliyev's early life remain obscure. According to his hagographical website he was born in Nakhchevan City. After the graduation from Nakhchivan Pedagogical School, from 1939 till 1941, Aliyev attended the Azerbaijan Industrial Institute (now the Azerbaijan State Oil Academy) where he studied architecture. In 1949-50, he studied at the USSR MGB Officer Corps Qualifications-Raising School. Aliyev's official biography also claims that he studied at the Baku State University, graduating with a degree in history in 1957. However, it seems that he actually attended the Ministry of State Security Academy in Leningrad[citation needed].
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Ike Turner
Ike Wister Turner (November 5, 1931 – December 12, 2007) was an American musician, bandleader, songwriter, arranger, talent scout, and record producer. In a career that lasted more than half a century, his repertoire included blues, soul, rock, and funk. He is most popularly known for his 1960s work with his then wife Tina Turner in the Ike & Tina Turner revue. Growing up in Clarksdale, Mississippi, he began playing piano and guitar when he was eight, forming his group, the Kings of Rhythm as a teenager at high school. He employed the group as his backing band for the rest of his life. His first recording, "Rocket 88" with the Kings of Rhythm credited as "Jackie Brenston and his Delta Cats", in 1951, is considered a possible contender for "first rock and roll song". Relocating to St. Louis, Missouri in 1954, he built the Kings into one of the most renowned acts on the local club circuit. It was there he met singer Anna Mae Bullock, whom he married and renamed Tina Turner, forming the Ike & Tina Turner Revue, which over the course of the sixties became a soul/rock crossover success.
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Jack Cassidy
John Joseph Edward “Jack” Cassidy (March 5, 1927 – December 12, 1976) was an American actor of stage, film, and television.
His frequent professional persona was that of an urbane, super-confident egotist with a dramatic flair, much in the manner of Broadway actor Frank Fay. Cassidy perfected this character to such an extent that he was cast as the legendary John Barrymore in the feature film W.C. Fields and Me. The role of the vain, shallow, buffoon-like newsman Ted Baxter on TV's The Mary Tyler Moore Show (1970–1977) was written with Cassidy in mind. Although Cassidy had played a similar buffoonish character in the 1967-68 sitcom He & She, he turned down the role, feeling that it was not right for him; and the part went to Ted Knight. Cassidy later appeared as a guest star in a 1971 episode as Ted's highly competitive and equally egocentric brother, Hal.
Cassidy was born in Richmond Hill, New York, the son of Charlotte (née Koehler) and William Cassidy. His father was of Irish descent and his mother was of German ancestry. He achieved his greatest success as a musical performer on Broadway, appearing in Alive and Kicking, Wish You Were Here, Shangri-La, Maggie Flynn, Fade Out - Fade In, It's a Bird...It's a Plane...It's Superman, and She Loves Me, for which he won a Tony Award. He also received Emmy Award nominations for his television performances in He & She and The Andersonville Trial.
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Jay Wesley Neill
Jay Wesley Neill (April 9, 1965 – December 12, 2002) was a convicted murderer who was executed for his part in a bank robbery that left 4 people dead.
In 1983, Neill joined the United States Army. He met Robert Grady Johnson in February 1984 at a bar and became romantically involved. Neill was discharged in the summer of 1984 after disclosing that he was homosexual and quickly began having financial difficulties.
Neill and Johnson shared an apartment in Lawton, Oklahoma and a joint checking account at the Geronimo bank. The account had frequent checks returned due to insufficient funds. They were frequently at the bank to work out their money problems. The Geronimo Bank was a small facility, housed in a prefabricated building. It usually had only two tellers and no surveillance cameras or security guards. Neill commented on more than one occasion on the absence of the security measures and how easy he thought it would be to rob the bank.
On December 12, 1984, Neill shopped for guns at a local pawnshop but he was informed that a buyer must be at least 21 years old and Neill was only 19. On December 13, Johnson applied for a gun permit. That same morning, Neill went to a travel agent and tried to purchase flights to Nassau leaving at 6 p.m. the next day. On December 14, Neill and Johnson returned to the pawn shop and purchased a revolver seen on Neill's previous visit.
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Jean Doré
Jean Doré (born 12 December 1944) is a Canadian politician and former mayor of the City of Montreal, Quebec.
Jean Doré studied law at the Université de Montréal, where he was president of the student union from 1967 to 1968. He received a Master's Degree of Political Science from McGill University. In the early seventies Doré became a founding member of the progressive Montreal Citizens' Movement (MCM), also known as Rassemblement des citoyens et citoyennes de Montréal (RCM) in French, where he started as treasurer and eventually became party leader.
From 1972 to 1975, Doré was director of the Fédération des associations d'économie familiale. He hosted a consumer affairs show on the Radio-Quebec public television network. He was briefly a press attaché for René Lévesque who would later become Premier of Quebec. Prior to his mayoral tenure, Doré worked as a lawyer for the Confédération des syndicats nationaux (CSN) - the Confederation of National Trade Unions (CNTU).
In 1982, he was selected as the MCM candidate for Mayor of Montreal. He finished second with 36% of the vote, against incumbent Jean Drapeau (48%). Fifteen candidates of the MCM were elected to City Hall. Doré won a by-election in 1984 and became city councillor for the district of Saint-Jean-Baptiste, as well as Leader of the Opposition.
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Jean Lesage
Jean Lesage, PC, CC, CD (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ ləsaʒ]; 10 June 1912 – 12 December 1980) was a lawyer and politician in Quebec, Canada. He served as the 19th Premier of Quebec from 22 June 1960, to 16 August 1966. Alongside Georges-Émile Lapalme, René Lévesque and other Québécois, he is often viewed as the father of the Quiet Revolution.
Born in Montreal to Xavéri Lesage, teacher and public servant, and Cécile Côté. Jean Lesage's education included the kindergarten Saint-Enfant-Jésus de Montréal, the boarding school Saint-Louis-de-Gonzague in Quebec City, the Quebec City Seminary, and Université Laval in Quebec City where he received a law degree. He was admitted to the Barreau du Québec on 10 July 1934. He also served in the Canadian Army reserve from 1933 to 1945.
He practised law in Quebec City with Paul Lesage in 1934, then with Charles Gavan Power, Valmore Bienvenue, Paul Lesage, and Jean Turgeon. He married Corinne Lagarde, a singer and the daughter of Alexandre Lagarde and Valéria Matte.
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Jean Richard
Jean Richards (April 18, 1921 — December 12, 2001) was a French actor. born: Bessines, Deux-Sèvres, Francia died: Paris, Francia
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Jean Richepin
Jean Richepin (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ ʁiʃpɛ̃]; 4 February 1849 - 12 December 1926), French poet, novelist and dramatist, the son of an army doctor, was born at Médéa, French Algeria.
At school and at the École Normale Supérieure he gave evidence of brilliant, if somewhat undisciplined, powers, for which he found physical vent in different directions—first as a franc-tireur in the Franco-German War, and afterwards as actor, sailor and stevedore--and an intellectual outlet in the writing of poems, plays and novels which vividly reflected his erratic but unmistakable talent. A play, L'Étoile, written by him in collaboration with André Gill (1840–1885), was produced in 1873; but Richepin was virtually unknown until the publication, in 1876, of a volume of verse entitled Chanson des gueux, when his outspokenness resulted in his being imprisoned and fined for outrage aux mœurs.
The same quality characterized his succeeding volumes of verse: Les Caresses (1877), Les Blasphèmes (1884), La Mer (1886), Mes paradis (1894), La Bombarde (1899). His novels have developed in style from the morbidity and brutality of Les morts bizarres (1876), La Glu (1881) and Le Pavé (1883) to the more thoughtful psychology of Madame André (1878), Sophie Monnier (1884), Cisarine (1888), L'Aîné (1893), Grandes amoureuses (1896) and La Gibasse (1899), and the more simple portrayal of life in Miarka (1883), Les Braves Gens (1886), Truandailles (1890), La Miseloque (1892) and Flamboche (1895).
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Jennifer Connelly
Jennifer Lynn Connelly (born December 12, 1970) is an American film actress, who began her career as a child model. She appeared in magazine, newspaper and television advertising, before making her motion picture debut in the 1984 crime film Once Upon a Time in America. Connelly continued modeling and acting, starring in films such as the 1986 Labyrinth and the 1991 Career Opportunities. She gained critical acclaim for her work in the 1998 science fiction film Dark City and for her portrayal of Marion Silver in the 2000 drama Requiem for a Dream.
In 2002, Connelly won an Academy Award, a Golden Globe Award and a BAFTA Award for her supporting role as Alicia Nash in Ron Howard's 2001 biopic A Beautiful Mind. Her later credits include the 2003 Marvel superhero film Hulk, the 2005 thriller Dark Water, the 2006 drama Blood Diamond, the 2008 science fiction remake The Day the Earth Stood Still, the 2009 romantic comedy He's Just Not That Into You and the 2009 biographical drama Creation.
Connelly was named Amnesty International Ambassador for Human Rights Education in 2005. She has been the face of Balenciaga fashion advertisements, as well as for Revlon cosmetics. In 2012 she was named the first global face of the Shiseido Company. Magazines including Time, Vanity Fair and Esquire, as well as the Los Angeles Times newspaper have included her on their lists of the world's most beautiful women.
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Jennifer Rovero
Jennifer Rovero (born December 12, 1978) was chosen as Playboy's Playmate of the Month in July 1999 and has appeared in numerous Playboy videos. She appeared as the cover model of the October 1999 edition.
Jennifer Rovero was born in Austin, Texas, but during her childhood, she and her younger sister, Jamie, lived in Texas, California and Florida. Most of her time was eventually spent in Jacksonville, Florida, where she graduated from Mandarin High School in 1997.
Rovero entered and won the 1998 Miss Fiesta Playera pageant in Jacksonville Beach, which gave her the confidence to compete in Hawaiian Tropic swimsuit contests around the country. At the Hawaiian Tropic contest in Las Vegas, she was talking to photographer Arny Freytag. Rovero suggested that the beautiful countryside in Venezuela would be a nice place for a Hawaiian Tropic shoot. She was familiar with the country because her father, Raimundo, was a citizen and lived there. Freytag, besides being a respected swimsuit photographer, had taken over 100 centerfold photos for Playboy since 1975. Freytag suggested that he take pictures of her in Venezuela.
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Jeret Peterson
Jeret "Speedy" Peterson (December 12, 1981 – July 25, 2011) was an American World Cup aerial skier from Boise, Idaho, skiing out of Bogus Basin. A three-time Olympian, he won the silver medal at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Peterson was found dead in Lambs Canyon, Utah on July 25, 2011. The cause of death was determined to be a self-inflicted gunshot wound.
Through the 2006 season, Peterson had won four World Cup events in aerials, and a total of nine World Cup podiums. His best season was 2005, with three World Cup wins and three seconds. With the help of these six strong placings, he took the 2005 World Cup season title in aerials. He finished in sixth place for the 2006 season.
A member of three Olympic teams, he participated in the 2002 Games in Salt Lake (placing 9th) and the 2006 Games in Turin, Italy. In the finals of the 2006 aerial competitions, Peterson was in third place after the first round, but fell to seventh place after the second jump, when he failed to solidly land the difficult "Hurricane" maneuver, which involves five spins and three somersaults.
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Johan van der Velde
Johan van der Velde (born 12 December 1956 in Rijsbergen, North Brabant) is a former Dutch cyclist. In the 1980 Tour de France he won the Maillot blanc, or white jersey, for being the best young rider under 25, also placing 12th overall that year. He had been a racing cyclist for only a year. In the 1981 Tour de France he took first place on the second and 21st stages, finishing 12th overall for the second year. He rode with TI-Raleigh in the Tour de France from 1979 to 1983, and Panasonic in 1986.
He was distinctive in the peloton for his lean, long-legged appearance, his smooth pedalling style and his long hair. He rode in support of riders such as Joop Zoetemelk, whom he could pace over mountains at impressive speed, but he was also capable of winning on his own. Success came to him early and, he said in an interview with the author Jan Siebelink ("Pijn is genot") that he had trouble coping when that success began to dry up. Van der Velde said he remembered shivering at the start of an Italian race, the skin of his arms wrinkled in goosebumps, because of the amphetamine he had taken just to start.
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John Jay
John Jay (December 12, 1745 – May 17, 1829) was an American statesman, Patriot, diplomat, a Founding Father of the United States, and the first Chief Justice of the United States (1789–95).
Jay was born into a wealthy family of merchants and government officials in New York City. He became a lawyer and joined the New York Committee of Correspondence, and organized opposition to British rule. He joined a conservative political faction that, fearing "mob rule", sought to protect property rights and maintain the "rule of law" while resisting British violations of human rights.
Jay served as the President of the Continental Congress from 1778 to 1779. During and after the American Revolution, Jay was a minister (ambassador) to Spain and France, helping to fashion United States foreign policy. His major diplomatic achievement was to negotiate favorable trade terms with Great Britain in the Jay Treaty of 1794.
Jay, a proponent of strong, centralized government, worked to ratify the new Constitution in New York in 1788 by anonymously writing a few of the Federalist Papers, along with the main authors Alexander Hamilton and James Madison.
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John Osborne
John James Osborne (12 December 1929 – 24 December 1994) was an English playwright, screenwriter, actor and critic of the Establishment. The success of his 1956 play Look Back in Anger transformed English theatre.
In a productive life of more than 40 years, Osborne explored many themes and genres, writing for stage, film and TV. His personal life was extravagant and iconoclastic. He was notorious for the ornate violence of his language, not only on behalf of the political causes he supported but also against his own family, including his wives and children.
Osborne was one of the first writers to address Britain's purpose in the post-imperial age. He was the first to question the point of the monarchy on a prominent public stage. During his peak (1956–1966), he helped make contempt an acceptable and now even cliched onstage emotion, argued for the cleansing wisdom of bad behaviour and bad taste, and combined unsparing truthfulness with devastating wit.[citation needed]
Osborne was born in December 1929 in London, the son of Thomas Godfrey Osborne, a commercial artist and advertising copywriter of South Welsh extraction, and Nellie Beatrice, a Cockney barmaid. He adored his father and hated his mother, who he later wrote taught him "The fatality of hatred … She is my disease, an invitation to my sick room", and described her as "hypocritical, self-absorbed, calculating and indifferent". Thomas died in 1941, leaving the young boy an insurance settlement which he used to finance a private education at Belmont College, a minor public school in Devon. He entered the school in 1943 but was expelled in the summer term of 1945 after whacking the headmaster, who had struck him for listening to a forbidden broadcast by Frank Sinatra. School Certificate was the only formal qualification he acquired, but he possessed a native intelligence.
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John Pell
John Pell (1 March 1611 – 12 December 1685) was an English mathematician.
He was born at Southwick in Sussex. He was educated at Steyning Grammar School, and entered Trinity College, Cambridge, at the age of thirteen. During his university career he became an accomplished linguist, and even before he took his B.A. degree (in 1629) corresponded with Henry Briggs and other mathematicians. In 1630 he was teaching in the short-lived Chichester Academy, set up by Samuel Hartlib. Shortly afterwards he married Ithamaria Reginald (also rendered variously as Ithamara or Ithumaria, with the surname Reginolles), sister of Bathsua Makin.
Pell spent much of the 1630s working under Hartlib's influence, on a variety of topics in the area of pedagogy, encyclopedism and pansophy, combinatorics and the legacy of Trithemius. By 1638 he had formulated a proposal for a universal language. In mathematics, he concentrated on expanding the scope of algebra in the theory of equations, and on mathematical tables. As part of a joint lobbying effort with Hartlib to find himself support to continue as a researcher, he had his short Idea of Mathematics printed in October 1638. The campaign brought interested responses from Johann Moriaen and Marin Mersenne.
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John Randle
John Anthony Randle (born December 12, 1967 in Mumford, Texas) played defensive tackle for the Minnesota Vikings and the Seattle Seahawks of the NFL. On February 6, 2010 he was voted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame. Born in Mumford, Texas, Randle was raised poor, and worked odd jobs when he was young. His brother Ervin Randle played as a linebacker for eight years. Randle played high school football in Hearne, Texas. He started his college playing career at Trinity Valley Community College in Athens, Texas, before transferring to Texas A&M University–Kingsville. He currently lives in Medina, Minnesota with his wife and children.
Randle went undrafted; he tried out for his brother's team, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, but was thought to be too small, and was not signed to a contract. The 6'1" 287-lbs. defensive linemen was picked up by the Vikings during training camp, playing his first season in 1990. He went to his first Pro Bowl in 1993 after recording 11.5 sacks, and was quickly becoming one of the dominant defensive tackles of his era. Once Henry Thomas left the Vikings, Randle increased his training regimen, and became well known for his disarming on-field heckling of opposing players. Randle would record double digit sacks during eight different seasons, including a career-high and league-leading 15.5 sacks in 1997.
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John Salmons
John Rashall Salmons (born December 12, 1979, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American professional basketball player for the Sacramento Kings of the NBA. He played college basketball at the University of Miami.
Salmons was a member of a Pennsylvania high school state championship team while at Plymouth-Whitemarsh High School in 1997, where he reached the 1,000 point club. He went on to play college basketball at the University of Miami, in Florida.
Salmons was drafted out of the University of Miami, with the 26th overall selection by the San Antonio Spurs in the 2002 NBA Draft. He was then immediately traded with Mark Bryant and rights to Randy Holcomb for Speedy Claxton to the Philadelphia 76ers for whom he played through the 2006 season, averaging 4.1 points per game.
Salmons was set to be acquired by the Toronto Raptors on July 13, 2006, in a sign-and-trade deal with Philadelphia. On July 21, 2006, however, there were reports that Salmons was having second thoughts about going to Toronto, and the sign and trade to Toronto was canceled.
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Jomo Kenyatta
Jomo Kenyatta[pron.] (1894 – 22 August 1978) served as the first Prime Minister (1963–1964) and President (1964–1978) of Kenya. He is considered the founding father of the Kenyan nation.
In Kenya, Nairobi's Jomo Kenyatta International Airport, Kenyatta International Conference Centre, Nairobi's main street and main streets in many Kenyan cities and towns, numerous schools, two Universities (Kenyatta University and Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology), the country's main referral hospital, markets, and housing estates are named after him. A statue in downtown Nairobi and monuments all over Kenya stand in his honor. Kenya observed a public holiday every 20 October in his honor until the new 2010 constitution abolished Kenyatta Day and replaced it with Mashujaa (Heroes') day. Kenyatta's face adorns Kenyan currency notes and coins of all denominations, but this is expected to change as the new constitution bans the use of the portrait of any person on Kenya's currency.
Jomo Kenyatta was born Kamau wa Ngengi to parents Ngengi wa Muigai and Wambui in the village of Gatundu, in British East Africa (now Kenya), a member of the Kikuyu. His date of birth, sometime in the early-to-mid 1890s, is unclear, and was unclear even to him, as his parents were almost certainly not literate, and no formal birth records of native Africans were kept in Kenya at that time. His father died while Kamau was very young after which, as per custom, he was adopted by his uncle Ngengi, who also inherited his mother, to become Kamau wa Ngengi. When his mother died during childbirth, young Kamau moved from Ng'enda to Muthiga to live with his medicine man grandfather Kũngũ wa Magana, to whom he became very close.
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Joseph Heller
Joseph Heller (May 1, 1923 – December 12, 1999) was an American satirical novelist, short story writer, and playwright. His best known work is Catch-22, a novel about US servicemen during World War II. The title of this work entered the English lexicon to refer to absurd, no-win choices, particularly in situations in which the desired outcome of the choice is an impossibility, and regardless of choice, the same negative outcome is a certainty. Heller is widely regarded as one of the best post–World War II satirists. Although he is remembered primarily for Catch-22, his other works center on the lives of various members of the middle class and remain exemplars of modern satire.
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József Antall
József Antall, Jr. (8 April 1932 – 12 December 1993) was the first democratically-elected Prime Minister of Hungary after the fall of Communism (from 23 May 1990 until 12 December 1993, his death), teacher, librarian, historian and political figure. He was the leader of the Hungarian Democratic Forum between 1989 and 1993.
József Antall was born to an ancient Hungarian family from the lower nobility. His father, József Antall, Sr. jurist and civil servant, worked for the government in several ministries. Antall, Sr. coordinated the first living wage calculations in Hungary, and he was a founding member of the Independent Smallholders' Party (1931)). During World War II, he presided the government committee for refugees. After the German occupation of Hungary he resigned; later he was arrested by the Gestapo. After the war, he became Minister of Reconstruction in the government of Zoltán Tildy. Later, he became president of the Hungarian Red Cross, but after the communist coup he resigned and retired to his family estate. In 1991, he was posthumously honoured by Yad Vashem.
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Karen Morley
Karen Morley (December 12, 1909 – March 8, 2003) was an American film actress.
Born Mildred Linton in Ottumwa, Iowa, Morley lived there until she was thirteen years old. When she moved to Hollywood, she attended Hollywood High School and later graduated from UCLA.
After working at the Pasadena Playhouse, she came to the attention of the director Clarence Brown when he was looking for an actress to stand-in for Greta Garbo in screen tests. This led to a contract with MGM and roles in such films as Mata Hari (1931), Scarface (1932), The Phantom of Crestwood (1932), The Mask of Fu Manchu (1932), Arsene Lupin (1933) and Dinner at Eight (1933).
In 1934, Morley left MGM after arguments about her roles and her private life. Her first film after leaving MGM was Our Daily Bread (1934), directed by King Vidor. She continued to work as a freelance performer, and appeared in Michael Curtiz's Black Fury, and The Littlest Rebel with Shirley Temple. Without the support of a studio, her roles became less frequent, however she played a supporting role in Pride and Prejudice (1940).
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Kate Humble
Katherine 'Kate' Humble (born 12 December 1968) is an English television presenter, mainly for the BBC, specialising in wildlife and science programmes. She is also the current President of the RSPB, and Princess of Ternate.
Born in Wimbledon to Nick Humble and Diana Carter, she grew up in Bray in Berkshire and attended the Abbey School in Reading.[citation needed]
After leaving school she travelled through Africa from Cape Town to Cairo, doing various jobs including waitressing, driving safari trucks and working on a crocodile farm. She has returned to Africa many times since. In 1994 she travelled around Madagascar, the subject of her first article for The Daily Telegraph travel section. Since then she has written articles about diving and cycling in Cuba, an 'exploding' lake in Cameroon, and hippopotamus conservation work in Ghana.
In 1990 Humble appeared for the first time as an actress in a TV production The Secret Life of Ian Fleming — and was credited as "Lauren Heston .... The redhead".
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Katrina Elam
Katrina Ruth Elam (born December 12, 1983 in Bray, Oklahoma) is an American country music singer and songwriter. Signed to Universal South Records in 2004, she released her self-titled debut album that year, charting in the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) with the #29 "No End in Sight" and the #59 "I Want a Cowboy". A third single, "Love Is", peaked at #47 from an unreleased second album Turn Me Up. Elam left the label in 2008.
Elam was born in Bray, Oklahoma, population 1,035. She performed in a 4-H talent show at the age of 9. In 1998 she was named female vocalist of the year by the Oklahoma Country Music Association and the Oklahoma Opry. Elam received a publishing contract at the age of 16. In her senior year of high school, her mother home schooled her because of her busy writing and recording schedule.
Elam is now married and has a son.
After completing high school, Katrina Elam moved to Nashville, TN, where she secured a contract with Universal South Records.Jimmie Lee Sloas produced her first self-titled album, released on October 5, 2004. The album reached #42 on Billboard's Top Country Albums chart and #33 on Top Heatseekers chart. The first single, “No End In Sight”, reached #29 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. The follow-up single "I Want a Cowboy" reached #59 on the same chart. Elam also toured in 2004 with Keith Urban.
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Ken Kavanagh
Thomas Kenrick Kavanagh, better known as Ken Kavanagh, (born 12 December 1923) is a former Grand Prix motorcycle road racer and racecar driver from Australia. He became the first Australian to win a motorcycle Grand Prix race when he won the 1952 350cc Ulster Grand Prix. In 1956, he won the Junior TT at the Isle of Man TT races. Kavanagh entered two Formula One Grands Prix in 1958 with his own Maserati 250F, firstly in Monaco where he failed to qualify, and lastly in the Belgian Grand Prix where he missed out on the race having blown his engine in practice, after having qualified 20th of 28 entrants.
Points system from 1950 to 1968
5 best results were counted up until 1955.
(key) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
(key)
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Kenneth Cranham
Kenneth Cranham (born 12 December 1944) is a film, television, radio and stage actor. He starred in the title role in the popular 1980s comedy drama Shine on Harvey Moon. He also appeared in Layer Cake, Gangster No. 1, Rome, Oliver! and many other films. He is probably best known to horror genre fans as the deranged Dr. Philip Channard and his Cenobitic alter-ego from Hellbound: Hellraiser II. His many stage credits include West End productions of Entertaining Mr Sloane, Loot, An Inspector Calls, (both transferring to Broadway), The Ruffian on the Stair, The Birthday Party and Gaslight (at the Old Vic). Most recently, he has been heard on BBC Radio 4's Afternoon Play series as "DS Max Matthews" in the three-play series The Interrogation by Roy Williams.
Cranham was born in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland, the son of Lochgelly-born Margaret McKay Cranham (née Ferguson) and Ronald Cranham, a London-born civil servant. He has two daughters: Nancy Cranham with his first wife, Charlotte Cornwell, and Kathleen Cranham with his second wife, actress Fiona Victory.
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Kenny Davern
Kenny Davern (January 7, 1935—December 12, 2006), born John Kenneth Davern, was one of the premier jazz clarinetists of his generation.
He was born in Huntington, Long Island to a family of mixed Jewish and Irish-Catholic ancestry. His mother’s family originally came from Vienna, Austria, where his great-grandfather Alfred Roth had been a colonel in the Austro-Hungarian cavalry, the highest rank accessible to a Jew in the Habsburg Imperial army.
After hearing Pee Wee Russell the first time, he was convinced that he wanted to be a jazz musician, too; and at the age of 16 he joined the musician's union, first as a baritone saxophone player. In 1954 he joined Jack Teagarden's Band, and after only a few days with the band he made his first jazz recordings. Later on, he worked with bands led by Phil Napoleon and Pee Wee Erwin before joining the Dukes of Dixieland in 1962. The late 1960s found him free-lancing with, among others, Red Allen, Ralph Sutton, Yank Lawson and his life-long friend Dick Wellstood.
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Kevin Parent
Kevin Parent (born 12 December 1972 in Greenfield Park, Quebec (now Longueuil) is a bilingual Québécois singer-songwriter. Although his first language is English, he was raised and educated in the French speaking area of Bay of Chaleur (Gaspé Peninsula) in the municipality of Nouvelle during his childhood and attended high school at the École Antoine-Bernard in Carleton-sur-Mer and now lives in the nearby town of Miguasha.
Discovered in 1993 when he participated in a songwriting competition, Kevin Parent signed to Tacca Musique shortly thereafter. His first album, “Pigeon d'argile” sold over 360,000 copies, making it one of the greatest Québécois successes of the decade. With hits like “Nomade sedentaire”, “Seigneur” and “Boomerang”, Kevin quickly became one of the biggest names in Quebec music in the ‘90s, earning the respect of peers and critics alike, along with numerous Felix Awards in the province and tour dates on both sides of the Atlantic. Two years later, Kevin released “Grand Parleur, Petit Faiseur”, which also sold more than 350,000 copies and earned Kevin the Felix Award for Rock Album of the Year in 1998. His follow up albums, Les Vents ont changé (2001) and Retrouvailles (2003), which featured collaborations with Claire Pelletier, Catherine Durand, among others, both achieved multi-platinum status and earned him numerous Juno Award nominations (including a win for the best selling Francophone album of 2002) and Felix Awards.
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Khosrau II
Khosrau II (Khosrow II, Chosroes II, or Xosrov II in classical sources, sometimes called Parvez, "the Ever Victorious" – (in Persian: خسرو پرویز), was the twenty-second Sassanid King of Persia, reigning from 590 to 628. He was the son of Hormizd IV (reigned 579–590) and the grandson of Khosrau I (reigned 531–579).
Historian Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari describes him as:
Excelling most of the other Persian kings in bravery, wisdom and forethought, and none matching him in military might and triumph, hoarding of treasures and good fortunes, hence the epithet Parviz, meaning victorious.
According to legend, Khosrau had a shabestan in which over 3,000 concubines resided.
Khosrau II was raised to the throne by the same magnates who had rebelled against his father Hormizd IV. Soon after being crowned, Khosrau had his father blinded, then executed. However, at the same time, General Bahram Chobin had proclaimed himself King Bahram VI (590–591), exemplifying Khosrau's difficulty in maintaining control of his kingdom.
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Koloman Sokol
Koloman Sokol (* 12 December 1902 in Liptovský Mikuláš; † 12 January 2003 in Tucson, Arizona) was one of the most prominent Slovak painters, graphic artists and illustrators. He was a founder of modern Slovak graphic art.
Sokol attended the private schools of Eugen Krón in Košice and Gustáv Mallý in Bratislava, as well as the Academy of Fine Arts in Prague, where he studied under Max Švabinský and Tavik Frantisek Simon. In Czechoslovakia, he became a member in the SČUG Hollar, an association of Czechoslovak graphic artist. Following a brief period of study with František Kupka in Paris, he accepted an invitation from the Mexican Ministry of Culture and Education to teach his work. He became a professor of graphic techniques at the Escuela de las Artes del Libro and at the University of Mexico City from 1937 to 1941.
Between 1942 and 1946 he lived in New York. In 1946 he returned to Slovakia, where he taught at the Slovak University of Technology and at the Comenius University. In 1948 (when the Communists took power in Czechoslovakia) he left for the United States again. He settled in Bryn Mawr, a suburb of Philadelphia. From the 60's he lived retired into himself and created a special symbolical-mythological style during this period. In the 1990s he lived in Tucson, where he died at the age of 100.
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Kurt Atterberg
Kurt Magnus Atterberg (12 December 1887 – 15 February 1974) was a Swedish composer and engineer. He is best known for his symphonies, operas and ballets. He cited the Russians, Brahms and Reger as his musical influences, and his works combine their compositional styles with Swedish folk tunes.
Atterberg was born in Gothenburg. His father was Anders Johan Atterberg, engineer and brother of famous chemist Albert Atterberg. His mother, Elvira Uddman, was the daughter of a famous male opera singer.
In 1902, Atterberg began learning the cello, having been inspired by a concert by the Brussels String Quartet, featuring a performance of Beethoven's eighth string quartet. Six years later he became a performer in the Stockholm Concert Society, now known as the Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra, as well as publishing his first completed work, the Rhapsody for Piano and Orchestra, opus 1. His String Quartet no. 1 in D Major, op. 2, soon followed.
While already studying electrical engineering at the Royal Institute of Technology, Atterberg also enrolled at the Royal College of Music, Stockholm in 1910 with a score of his Rhapsody and an incomplete version of his Symphony no. 1. There he studied composition and orchestration under the composer Andreas Hallén. He earned his engineering diploma a year later, as well as being awarded a State Music Fellowship. He made his conducting debut at a concert in Gothenburg in 1912, premiering his first symphony and the Concert Overture in A Minor, op. 4.
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Laurie Williams
Laurie Rohan Williams (December 12, 1968 – September 8, 2002) was a West Indian cricketer. Williams was just 33 years old when he died, a car he was driving crashed into an oncoming bus.
He made his first-class debut in February 1990 against England, opening the bowling for Jamaica. He bowled medium pacers, concentrating more on seam and swing as oppose to being fast.
Also handy with the bat, he made three first-class hundreds including a career best 135 for Jamaica against the Windwards Islands. That innings helped him to become the second-highest runmaker in the 1999–2000 Busta Cup.
Williams played 15 One Day Internationals for West Indies, the large bulk of them coming in the 2000–01 Carlton Series in Australia. His best ODI bowling performance was perhaps his 3 for 16 against New Zealand in his just his second match.
At the time of his death he had 58 first class matches to his name for West Indies A and Jamaica. He scored 2,002 runs at 24.71 and took 170 wickets at 23.17. His best first-class bowling figures were 6 for 26, made in 1996–97.
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Lawton Chiles
Lawton Mainor Chiles, Jr. (April 3, 1930 – December 12, 1998), was an American politician from the US state of Florida. In a career spanning four decades, Chiles, a Democrat who never lost an election, served in the Florida House of Representatives (1958–1966), the Florida State Senate (1966–1970), the United States Senate (1971–1989), and as the 41st Governor of Florida from 1991 until his death in office in the last month of his second term as governor. He was the first Democratic Governor in state history to have a Republican-controlled legislature, and was, to date, Florida's last elected Democratic governor (Buddy MacKay, who succeeded him upon his death, holds the title of Florida's most recent Democratic governor).
Chiles was born in Polk County, Florida near Lakeland, the son of Margaret Kate (née Patterson) and Lawton Mainor Chiles. In Polk, he attended public school, then went on to the University of Florida at Gainesville. At the University of Florida, he was active in student politics, and was inducted into both the university Hall of Fame (the most prestigious honor a student can receive at UF) and Florida Blue Key. He was also a member of the Alpha Tau Omega fraternity. He graduated in 1952. Following his college years, he entered the Korean War as an artillery officer in the United States Army. After the war, Chiles returned to the University of Florida for law school, from which he graduated in 1955; he passed the state bar exam that year and went into private practice in Lakeland. He was married to Rhea Chiles.
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Lionel Blair
Lionel Blair (born Henry Lionel Blair Ogus 12 December 1931, Montreal, Quebec, Canada) is a British actor, choreographer, tap dancer and television presenter. He is the son of Myer Ogus and Deborah (Della) Greenbaum (Mother's name given as Brenner on FreeBMD). His father was a Russian barber; he changed the family name to Blair in his youth.
Blair came to Britain when he was one year old. His first public performances were with his sister Joyce (born 1932) in London Underground Station air raid shelters during World War II. He attended the Royal Shakespeare Theatre in Stratford in 1944, followed by London's University of East London, where he majored in Ethnography. Blair eventually rekindled his passion for musical theatre and joined the West End. He gave up acting for dancing in 1947 although he subsequently appeared in the fringe production, "Out of the Blue" (Chichester) and "Who Killed Agatha' Christie" (national tour) amongst other acting credits.
Blair came to the fore in the 1960s, when, with his dance troupe, he appeared on television variety programmes. He also appeared in films A Hard Day's Night and Absolute Beginners, cameoed in an episode of The Persuaders! and in television comedy, including the short film, The Plank. In addition, he choreographed films such as Jazz Boat (1960) and The Magic Christian (1969).
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Liz Claman
Elizabeth Kate "Liz" Claman (born December 12, 1963) is the anchor of the Fox Business Network show Countdown to the Closing Bell at 3pm ET and co-anchor at 2pm ET and 4pm ET of Fox Business on the Fox Business Network alongside co-anchor David Asman. She was previously the co-anchor of the CNBC morning television program Morning Call. Before that, Claman was the co-host of the programs Wake Up Call and Market Watch and the anchor of the CNBC newsmagazine program Cover to Cover. Claman also served as a substitute anchor for The News with Brian Williams before Williams left MSNBC for NBC News in 2004.
Claman was born to Canadian parents in Beverly Hills, California, United States. Her paternal grandparents are Russian Canadian. Her late father, Dr. Morris Claman, was a urologist and associate clinical professor of urology at the UCLA School of Medicine. Her mother is actress June Claman. For her early education, Claman went to Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts where she was a disc jockey for the school radio station, WPAA, and to Beverly Hills High School. She has been friends with fellow Fox News reporter Claudia Cowan since the second grade.
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Lloyd Owusu
Lloyd Magnus Owusu (born 12 December 1976) is a professional footballer who currently plays for White City Woodville in the FFSA Premier League.
After a move from non-League Slough Town, his career took off at Brentford, where he scored 64 goals in 163 league games between 1998 and 2002. He then moved to Sheffield Wednesday, and two years later transferred to Reading following a short loan spell. He returned to Brentford in 2005, and two years later signed with Yeovil Town. In 2008 moved to Cheltenham Town, and also had a loan spell at Brighton & Hove Albion the following year. In 2009 he moved Australia to play for Adelaide United, but left the club in December 2010. Following this he spent a brief period with Luton Town back in England, before heading to Cyprus to play for AEP Paphos. He then returned to England having spells at Barnet and a loan spell at Hayes & Yeading United. In February 2012 he made a nostalgic return to his first club Slough Town in order to try and help them achieve promotion from the Southern Football League Division One Central.
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Lodovico Giustini
Lodovico Giustini (12 December 1685 – 7 February 1743) was an Italian composer and keyboard player of the late Baroque and early Classical eras. He was the first known composer ever to write music for the piano.
Giustini was born in Pistoia, of a family of musicians which can be traced back to the early 17th century; coincidentally he was born in the same year as Bach, Scarlatti, and Handel. Giustini's father was organist at the Congregazione dello Spirito Santo, a Jesuit-affiliated group, and an uncle, Domenico Giustini, was also a composer of sacred music.
In 1725, on his father's death, Giustini became organist at the Congregazione dello Spirito Santo, and acquired a reputation there as a composer of sacred music: mostly cantatas and oratorios. In 1728 he collaborated with Giovanni Carlo Maria Clari on a set of Lamentations which were performed that year. In 1734 he was hired as organist at S Maria dell'Umiltà, the Cathedral of Pistoia, a position he held for the rest of his life. In addition to playing the organ at both religious institutions, he performed on the harpsichord at numerous locations, often in his own oratorios.
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Lucie Guay
Lucie Guay (born December 12, 1958) is a Canadian sprint kayaker who competed in the early 1980s. She won a bronze medal in the K-4 500 m event at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.
Guay was born in Montreal.
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Manès Sperber
Manès Sperber (12 December 1905 in Zabłotów near Kolomea, Austrian Galicia (today Zabolotiv, Ukraine) – 5 February 1984 in Paris) was an Austrian-French novelist, essayist and psychologist. He also wrote under the pseudonyms Jan Heger and N.A. Menlos.
Sperber grew up in the shtetl of Zabłotów in a Hasidic family. In the summer of 1916 the family fled from war to Vienna, where Sperber, who, having lost faith, at 13 had refused to do his bar mitzvah, joined the Jewish Hashomer Hatzair youth movement. There he met Alfred Adler, the founder of individual psychology, and became a student and co-worker. Adler broke with him in 1932 because of differences in opinion about the connection of individual psychology and marxism.
In 1927 Sperber had moved to Berlin and joined the Communist party. He lectured at the Berliner Gesellschaft für Individualpsychologie, an institute for individual psychology in Berlin. After Hitler had taken power Sperber was taken to jail, but was released after a few weeks on the grounds that he was, at that time, a Polish citizen. He emigrated first to Yugoslavia and then in 1934 to Paris where he worked for the communist internationale with Willi Münzenberg. In 1938 he left the party because of the stalinist cleansing within the party. In his writing he started to deal with totalitarianism and the role of the individual within society (Zur Analyse der Tyrannis).
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Marco Denevi
Marco Denevi (May 12, 1922 in Sáenz Peña, Buenos Aires – December 12, 1998) was an Argentine award-winning author of novels and short stories, as well as a lawyer and journalist. His work is characterized by its originiality and depth, as well as a criticism of human incompetence. His first work, a mystery called Rosaura a las diez (1955), was a Kraft award winner and a bestseller. In 1964, it was translated into English as Rosa at Ten O'Clock. Other famous works of his include Los expedientes (1957), Ceremonia Secreta (1960), El cuarto de la noche (1962), and Falsificaciones (1966).
He is less known as an essayist, but he also cultivated this genre with his República de Trapalanda (1989), a late work, in which he takes on Ezequiel Martínez Estrada and Domingo Faustino Sarmiento's view of the Argentine republic.
He was born in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and at a young age he began playing the piano and reading. He graduated from college in 1939, and did not receive his law degree until 1956.
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Mary of Teck
Mary of Teck (Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes; 26 May 1867 – 24 March 1953) was the queen consort of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Empress of India, as the wife of King-Emperor George V.
Although technically a princess of Teck, in the Kingdom of Württemberg, she was born and brought up in the United Kingdom. Her parents were Francis, Duke of Teck, who was of German extraction, and Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge, a member of the British Royal Family. To her family, she was informally known as "May", after her birth month. At the age of 24 she was betrothed to Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale, the eldest son of the Prince of Wales, but six weeks after the announcement of the engagement he died unexpectedly of pneumonia. The following year she became engaged to Albert Victor's next surviving brother, George, who subsequently became king. Before her husband's accession she was successively Duchess of York, Duchess of Cornwall and Princess of Wales. As his queen consort from 1910, she supported her husband through the First World War, his ill-health and major political changes arising from the aftermath of the war and the rise of socialism and nationalism. After George's death in 1936, her eldest son Edward became King-Emperor, but to her dismay he abdicated the same year in order to marry twice-divorced American socialite Mrs. Wallis Simpson. She supported her second son, Albert, who succeeded to the throne as George VI, until his death in 1952. She died the following year, at the beginning of the reign of her granddaughter, Elizabeth II. Briefly, there were three queens in the country: Mary; her daughter-in-law, Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother; and Elizabeth II.
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Mayim Bialik
Mayim Hoya Bialik, Ph.D. (/ˈmaɪəm biˈɑːlɨk/; born December 12, 1975) is an American actress famous for her TV roles as Blossom Russo on NBC's Blossom and as Amy Farrah Fowler on CBS's The Big Bang Theory.
Bialik was born in San Diego, California, the daughter of Barry Bialik and Beverly Winkelman. Her grandparents emigrated from Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary in the late 1930s. Bialik was raised in Reform Judaism. Her given name means "water" in Hebrew.
Bialik started her career as a child actress in the late 1980s. Her early roles included the horror film Pumpkinhead (1988), her first acting job, and guest appearances on The Facts of Life and Beauty and the Beast. She appeared in three episodes of MacGyver as Lisa Woodman. She appeared in Beaches (1988), playing Bette Midler's character as a young girl. She also appeared in the video for the song "Liberian Girl" by Michael Jackson.
In 1990, Bialik was tied to two television pilots, Fox's Molloy and NBC's Blossom. Molloy at first produced six episodes for a tryout run, followed by the shooting of the pilot special for Blossom. The latter actually aired two weeks before Bialik's Fox series and ultimately garnered higher ratings than it. When Molloy folded after its six episodes, Blossom was pursued as a regular series, airing until 1995.
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Miguel de la Madrid
Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado (December 12, 1934 – April 1, 2012) was a Mexican politician affiliated to the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as 52nd President of Mexico from 1982 to 1988.
Miguel de la Madrid graduated with a bachelor's degree in Law from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) and received a master's degree in Public Administration from the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, in the United States.
He worked for Mexico's central bank and lectured in law at UNAM before securing a position at the Secretariat of Finance in 1965. Between 1970 and 1972 he was employed by Petróleos Mexicanos, Mexico's state-owned petroleum company, after which he held several other bureaucratic posts in the government of Luis Echeverría. In 1976 he was chosen to serve in José López Portillo's cabinet as secretary of budget and planning.
He was president after López Portillo. He won the elections that took place on 4 July 1982, and took office the following December.
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Mike Golic
Michael Louis "Mike" Golic (pronounced /ˈɡoʊlɨk/; born December 12, 1962) is a co-host of ESPN Radio's Mike and Mike in the Morning and a former professional defensive lineman in the NFL. The NFL website lists him as 6 feet 5 inches (1.96 m) and 265 pounds (120 kg).
He is also an analyst for ESPN and ESPN2's NFL studio programming, as well as for the networks' college football coverage. Golic joined ESPN in 1995 as a reporter/analyst for Sunday NFL Countdown. Since then he has worked as the color commentator for the Arena Football League (1996–98, 2007–present) and the NFL's Jacksonville Jaguars pre-season games (1995–98). In 1998, Golic began serving as college football analyst for ESPN and ABC, and was an original analyst for NFL 2Night (now known as NFL Live), the five-night-per-week news and information program on ESPN2.
Golic is also the host of the long running syndicated sports highlights, bloopers and gag fest called The Lighter Side of Sports.
Golic was born in Willowick, Ohio and attended St. Joseph High School in Cleveland, Ohio. Golic is a 1985 graduate of the University of Notre Dame, majoring in finance and management. He served as captain of the football team during his senior season and also wrestled for the Irish.
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Mikhail Shcherbatov
Prince Mikhailo Mikhailovich Shcherbatov (Russian: Михаи́л Миха́йлович Щерба́тов, July 22, 1733 – December 12, 1790) was a leading ideologue and exponent of the Russian Enlightenment, on the par with Mikhail Lomonosov and Nikolay Novikov. His view of human nature and social progress is kindred to Swift's pessimism. He was known as a statesman, historian, writer and philosopher, and was one of the most visible representatives of the nascent. Russian conservatism during the second half of the 18th century.
M. M. Shcherbatov received a good-formal education. He studied history, philosophy, literature and medicine. Until the end of his life he had a vast collection of 40,000 volumes in his home library. Like all educated people of that time he knew French, and in addition to that, he was also competent in German, Italian and a few other western languages. From 1767 onwards, Shcherbatov was in the public service and held responsible posts. He was a deputy in the Established Commission of Yaroslav nobility (1767), a member of a private commission of the middle class people Kamer- Junker, a member of the Board of Trade (1770), a Courtier (1773), a president of the Chamber Council and a Senator (1779).
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Mildred Bailey
Mildred Rinker Bailey (February 27, 1907 – December 12, 1951) was a popular and influential American jazz singer during the 1930s, known as "The Queen of Swing", "The Rockin' Chair Lady" and "Mrs. Swing". Her number one hits were "Please Be Kind", "Darn That Dream", "Rockin' Chair" and "Says My Heart".
Born Mildred Rinker in Tekoa,Washington, her mother, Josephine, was an enrolled member of the Coeur d'Alene Tribe and a devout Roman Catholic. Her father, Charles, played fiddle and called square dances. Her mother played piano every evening after supper and taught Mildred to play and sing. Her brothers were the vocalist and composer Al Rinker, and the lyricist Charles Rinker.
At the age of seventeen, Bailey moved to Seattle and worked as a sheet music demonstrator at Woolworth's. She married and divorced Ted Bailey, keeping his last name because she thought it sounded more American than Rinker. With the help of her second husband, Benny Stafford, she became an established blues and jazz singer on the West Coast. According to Gary Giddins' book Bing Crosby – A Pocketful of Dreams – The Early Years 1903-1940, in 1925 she secured work for her brother, Al Rinker, and his partner Bing Crosby. Giddins further states that Crosby first heard of Louis Armstrong and other Chicago black jazz records from Bailey's own record collection. Crosby helped Bailey in turn by introducing her to Paul Whiteman. She sang with Paul Whiteman's band from 1929 to 1933 (Whiteman had a popular radio program and when Bailey debuted with her version of "Moaning Low" in 1929, public reaction was immediate, although she did not start recording with Whiteman until late 1931).
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Milko Kos
Milko Kos (12 December 1892 — 24 March 1972) was a Slovenian historian, considered the father of the so-called Ljubljana school of historiography.
He was born in the town of Gorizia (then part of Austro-Hungarian Empire, now in Italy), where his father, the renowned medievalist Franc Kos, taught at the prestigious State Gymnasium. His mother was a Friulian from Gorizia and Gradisca. His younger brother Anton Gojmir Kos later became a famous painter.
He studied history at the University of Vienna, specializing in the social history of the middle ages. He was an expert on medieval settlement patterns in the Slovene Lands. He also wrote about social history of medieval towns, and issues related to early Slovenian history, including the Slavic principality of Carantania and the Freising manuscripts.
In 1928, he started teaching at the University of Ljubljana, where he replaced Ljudmil Hauptmann as the head of the chair for Slovene history. In this position, he influenced almost all Slovenian historians of the post-WWII period, most of him graduated under his direct dissertation, including Fran Zwitter and Bogo Grafenauer.
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Mo Udall
Morris King "Mo" Udall (June 15, 1922 – December 12, 1998) was an American politician who served as a U.S. Representative from Arizona from May 2, 1961 to May 4, 1991. A former professional basketball player with the old National Basketball League Denver Nuggets, noted for his liberal views, Mo Udall was a tall (6'5"), Lincolnesque figure with a self-deprecating wit and easy manner. Because of his wit, columnist James J. Kilpatrick deemed him "too funny to be president", which also ended up being the title of his autobiography in the 1980s. Udall earned a law degree from the University of Arizona in 1949. He was a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
Udall was born in St. Johns, Apache County, Arizona, a son of Louisa (née Lee) and Levi Stewart Udall. He lost his right eye to a friend's pocket knife at the age of 6, while the two were attempting to cut some string, and wore a glass eye for the rest of his life. He attempted to enlist in the Army early in World War II, and almost succeeded, by covering his glass eye each time he was told to alternate during the eye exam. After he was medically cleared, another potential enlistee complained that he had been medically rejected for flat feet, while Udall had been cleared with a blind eye. This caused the examiners to retest Udall under closer scrutiny, and he was rejected. Later, medical standards changed and Udall served in the Army until the end of the war.
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Monica Attard
Monica Ann Attard OAM (born 12 December 1958 in Sydney) is an award-winning Australian journalist and managing editor of The Global Mailfor a few months in early 2012 before being replaced.
Attard was educated at Bethlehem College in Sydney. She attended Sydney University, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts. She also holds a Bachelor of Laws from the University of New South Wales, which she attained in 2002.
Attard's career in journalism began at Channel Seven, where she was a reporter from 1977-1981. From 1981-82, she worked for 2WS Radio and at 2GB Radio from 1982-83. In 1983, Attard moved to the ABC, where she has remained since.
Attard worked on ABC Radio News from 1983–85 and reporter on ABC Radio programs 'The World Today' and 'PM' from 1985-88. She was a researcher for TV programs 'Four Corners' from 1988–99 and a reporter for 'Lateline' from 1989-90.
Attard was Russian Correspondent for ABC Radio and TV from 1990-94. She received three Walkley Awards during this period, including the Gold Walkley in 1991. Attard published a book entitled Russia: Which Way Paradise? in 1997, which documented some of her experiences and interactions with Russians during a period of rapid change.
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Mädchen Amick
Mädchen Amick ( /ˈmeɪdʃən ˈeɪmɪk/, MAYD-shən AYM-ik; born December 12, 1970) is an American actress best known for playing Shelly Johnson on the cult television series Twin Peaks and its 1992 prequel film Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me.
Amick was born in Sparks, Nevada, a few miles east of Reno, Nevada, the daughter of Judy, a medical office manager, and Bill Amick, a musician. Amick's parents are German; the name Mädchen (pronounced [ˈmɛːtçən] ( listen)), which means "girl" or "maiden" in German, was chosen by her parents because they wanted an unusual name. As a young girl, Amick was encouraged by her parents to follow her creative instincts. She learned to play the piano, bass, violin and guitar and took lessons in tap, ballet, jazz and modern dance. In 1987, at the age of 16, she moved to Los Angeles to pursue a career in acting.
After moving to L.A., Amick appeared on Star Trek: The Next Generation as well as in The Borrower (1991). Amick got her first break when director David Lynch chose her to play waitress Shelly Johnson on the TV series Twin Peaks. Amick's character endured terrible abuse at the hands of her husband, Leo, and was one of the most popular characters, ensuring her return in the feature film Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me. In 1992, Amick appeared in the Stephen King horror movie Sleepwalkers. She has also appeared in TV movies such as Love, Cheat and Steal (1993). A highlight of Amick's film career is the 1994 feature film Dream Lover, a thriller in which she co-starred with James Spader. Amick also appeared in the romantic comedy French Exit (1995) and the science fiction thriller Bombshell (1996).
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Napoleon
Napoleon Bonaparte (French: Napoléon Bonaparte [napoleɔ̃ bɔnɑpaʁt]) (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the latter stages of the French Revolution. As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815. His legal reform, the Napoleonic Code, has been a major influence on many civil law jurisdictions worldwide, but he is best remembered for his role in the wars led against France by a series of coalitions, the so-called Napoleonic Wars. He established hegemony over most of continental Europe and sought to spread the ideals of the French Revolution, while consolidating an imperial monarchy which restored aspects of the deposed Ancien Régime. Due to his success in these wars, often against numerically superior enemies, he is generally regarded as one of the greatest military commanders of all time and his campaigns are studied at military academies throughout much of the world.
Napoleon was born in Corsica to parents of noble Genoese ancestry, and trained as an artillery officer in mainland France. He rose to prominence under the French First Republic and led successful campaigns against the First and Second Coalitions arrayed against France. In 1799, he staged a coup d'état and installed himself as First Consul; five years later the French Senate proclaimed him emperor. In the first decade of the 19th century, the French Empire under Napoleon engaged in a series of conflicts—the Napoleonic Wars—involving every major European power.
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Nate Clements
Nathan D. Clements (born December 12, 1979 in Shaker Heights, Ohio) is an American football cornerback for the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League. He was drafted by the Buffalo Bills 21st overall in the 2001 NFL Draft. He played college football at Ohio State.
He has also played for the San Francisco 49ers.
Clements was born to Nathan Clements, Sr. and Emma Clements in Shaker Heights, Ohio and graduated from Shaker Heights High School. Nate's father was strict and did not allow Nate to date while in high school. Clements excelled at both defensive back and quarterback and was named an All-American by USA Today, Blue Chip Illustrated and Super Prep.
Clements was also named first team All-Ohio during a season in which he had seven interceptions, including one returned for a touchdown. He also returned two kicks for touchdowns. Clements led the Raiders to a playoff berth in 1997 and led them past a Euclid Panther team that featured Notre Dame back Tony Fisher. Clements also holds the Shaker record for career interceptions with 14. The school retired his number 20 jersey in 2005.
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Ndabaningi Sithole
Ndabaningi Sithole (31 July 1920 – 12 December 2000) founded the Zimbabwe African National Union, a militant organization that opposed the government of Rhodesia, in July 1963. A member of the Ndau ethnic group, he also worked as a Methodist minister. He spent 10 years in prison after the government banned ZANU. A rift along tribal lines split ZANU in 1975, and he lost the 1980 elections to Robert Mugabe.
Sithole was born in Nyamandhlovu, Southern Rhodesia. He studied teaching in the United States from 1955 to 1958, and was ordained a Methodist minister in 1958. The publication of his book "African Nationalism" and its immediate prohibition by the minority government of Ian Smith, motivated his entry into politics. During his studies in the USA he studied at the Andover Newton Theological School and attended the First Church in Newton, founded in 1665, both located in Newton, Massachusetts.
He founded and was chief architect of Zimbabwe African National Union party in August 1963 in conjunction with Herbert Chitepo, Robert Mugabe, Edgar Tekere in the Highfields House of Enos Nkala. In 1964 there was a party Congress at Gwelo, where Sithole was elected president and appointed Robert Mugabe to be his secretary general. ZANU was banned in 1964 by Ian Smith's government. He spent 10 years in prison after being arrested on 22 June 1964 alongside Mugabe, Tekere, Nyagumbo and Takawira for his political activities. While in prison he specifically authorised Chitepo to continue the struggle from abroad as a representative of ZANU. Sithole was convicted on a charge of plotting to assassinate Ian Smith. The two were released from prison in 1974.
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Nicky Eaden
Nicholas Jeremy "Nicky" Eaden (born 12 December 1972) is an English association football defender who is currently the assistant manager of Kettering Town. He played 550 matches in the Football League.
Born in Sheffield in South Yorkshire, Eaden started his career at local Barnsley F.C., contributing to their promotion to the Premiership before joining Birmingham City. Eaden also had a successful spell with Wigan Athletic, winning promotion from the then Division Two and then into the Premiership. Whilst at Birmingham he played in the 2001 Football League Cup Final.
Despite being successful with most of his previous clubs, he was not a favourite with Forest fans and caretaker managers Frank Barlow and Ian McParland did not include Nicky Eaden in the first matchday squad in the 2006–07 season after an indifferent debut season in the East Midlands, although he had been promoted with every club he had been at prior to joining Forest.
On 31 August 2006 he joined League Two side Lincoln City on loan, initially for a month, which was later extended to the maximum 93-day total. He then returned to Forest, but was again loaned to Lincoln in January 2007, this time for the rest of the season.
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Nicolas de Gunzburg
Baron Nicolas Louis Alexandre de Gunzburg (12 December 1904 – 20 February 1981), 5th Baron de Gunzburg, was an editor in chief of Town & Country and an influential fashion editor at Vogue and Harper's Bazaar.
Born in Paris to a wealthy and prominent Russian-Jewish family called Günzburg, whose fortune had been made in banking and oil; they were ennobled during the 19th century; the umlaut was dropped and the particle "de" added in the nineteenth century after they had moved to France. His father was a Russian Jew, and his mother was Polish-Brazilian. The Günzburgs were, among other things, financial patrons of Russian dance impresario Sergei Diaghilev and his famed Ballets Russes in Paris during the first decades of the twentieth century. He was himself a patron of Vaslav Nijinsky until he was swayed by Diaghilev.
Raised primarily in England his later youth was spent in France. The Bolshevik Revolution of 1917, when he was just thirteen, had resulted in the confiscation of the family's property and ended any possibility of a safe return to Russia. Living the life of a bon vivant in the Paris of the 1920s and 1930s he was popular with the artistic and social elite of Paris. He spent money lavishly, and the parties he gave included extravagant sets designed by architects and artists. His costume balls and parties of pre-war Paris were discussed not for the next week, but the next forty years.
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Nolberto Solano
Nolberto Albino "Nobby" Solano Todco (born 12 December 1974) is a retired Peruvian professional footballer. He is the first-team coach of Newcastle Benfield F.C.. He has spent much of his career in the English Premier League and also played 95 times for Peru between 1994 and 2009. He is a popular figure in his native Peru, where he is seen as one of the most famous Peruvians, appearing on telephone cards and having his wedding televised live.
His talents in football range from accurate crosses to accomplished dead-ball skills and he has traditionally played either on the right side of midfield, or as a right back during his career. He is the first choice player to take corner and direct free kicks. Solano is the first Peruvian to play in the Premier League and the FA Cup Final. He is also an accomplished trumpet player and has set up his own Salsa band, The Geordie Latinos. He has described himself as an "adopted Geordie."
Born in Callao, Peru, Solano was the youngest of his family. His father, Albino, was in the Peruvian Navy, whilst his mother was a housewife who raised him, his four brothers and two sisters. He began playing football at a very early age in the streets of Callao.
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Olivia Barclay
Olivia Barclay (12 December 1919 in Essex – 1 April 2001 in Kent) was a British astrologer who played an important role in the revival of traditional forms of astrology in the late 20th century. Much of her focus in the latter part of her life was on the work of the 17th century astrologer William Lilly.
In 1980, Barclay obtained an original copy of Lilly's Christian Astrology, and later she arranged to have it re-printed as a facsimile edition in 1985. This dissemination of Christian Astrology helped to spur a revival of interest in traditional astrology in the late 20th-century. Her work stimulated the unearthing of techniques that had been lost in various cultural transitions since the Enlightenment and encouraged wider researches into the astrological traditions of the Babylonians, Greeks, Egyptians, Persians, Arabs, Western medieval and Renaissance practitioners.
As part of her work as a professional astrologer, Barclay taught horary astrology, and she founded the Qualified Horary Practitioner ("QHP") correspondence course. This consisted of twelve lessons, the last of which required students to make a successful prediction using horary astrology. Several graduates of her course went on to make prominent careers for themselves in the field.
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Orlando Hudson
Orlando Thill Hudson (born December 12, 1977) is an American professional baseball second baseman in Major League Baseball.
Hudson was born on December 12, 1977 in Darlington, South Carolina. He attended Darlington High School, where he was a three-sport standout in baseball, football, and basketball. In baseball, he was the Player of the Year and an All-State selection.
Hudson was the quarterback of Darlington High School's first-ever football team, and also served as the teams punter.
After high school, Hudson went on to play baseball at Spartanburg Methodist College.
Hudson was drafted in the 43rd round by the Toronto Blue Jays in the 1997 Major League Baseball Draft. He began his professional career with the Medicine Hat Blue Jays in the rookie leagues in 1998, hitting .298. He continued through the minors with the Hagerstown Suns (1999), Dunedin Blue Jays (2000), Tennessee Smokies (2000–01) and Syracuse Sky Chiefs (2001–02). In 2001 he was a Southern League All-Star and a Baseball America 1st team Minor League All-Star at second base.
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Park Chung Hee
Park Chung-hee (September 30, 1917 – October 26, 1979) was a Republic of Korea Army general and the President of South Korea from 1961 to 1979.
Park seized power in a military-led coup d'état and ruled as an unelected military strongman until his formal election as president in 1963, a post he held for 16 years until his assassination on October 26, 1979.
Park has been credited with the industrialization and rapid economic growth of South Korea through export-oriented industrialization. Despite this, Park remains a controversial figure in South Korean history due to his authoritarian way of ruling the country, particularly after 1971.
In 1999, Park was named by Time magazine as being one of the top ten "Asians of the Century".
Today, Park's legacy is split between those who credit his role in rebuilding war-ravaged South Korea after the devastating Korean War, to those who fervidly condemn his authoritarian policies, particularly those implemented after 1971.
Park Chung-hee was born on September 30, 1917, in Gumi-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do during a time when Korea was under Japanese rule. His father was Park Seong-bin (age 46 at the time) and his mother was Baek Nam-hui (age 45). His eldest brother was Park Dong-hee (age 22); second brother was Park Mu-hee (age 19); eldest sister was Park Gwi-hee (age 15); third brother was Park Sang-hee (age 11); fourth brother was Park Han-saeng (age 7); and his youngest sister was Park Jae-hee (age 5).
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Pat Calathes
Patrick Sean Calathes (Greek: Πατ Καλάθης, born on December 12, 1985 in Casselberry, Florida, USA) is a Greek American professional basketball player. He is 6'10" in height (2.08 m) and plays the forward position.
Calathes began high school at Lake Howell as a wiry 5'11" (1.80 m) tall point guard, but he would grow to 6'10" (2.08 m) by his senior year. After graduating, he would go on to play for the Saint Joseph's Hawks at Saint Joseph's University in Philadelphia. At St. Joe's he saw limited time as a freshman and played as a key substitute during his sophomore season.
It was not until his junior season, during which he averaged 13.9 points per game and 7.1 rebounds per game, that he began to fully regain the physical and athletic abilities that he possessed before his growth spurt. He increased his per game averages to 17.5 points and 7.5 rebounds in his senior year and teamed up with center Ahmad Nivins to lead the Hawks to the 2008 Atlantic 10 title game and the Hawks' first NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship Tournament appearance since 2004. SJU would lose to the University of Oklahoma's men's basketball team, the Oklahoma Sooners, in the opening round.
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Paul Arizin
Paul Joseph Arizin (April 9, 1928 – December 12, 2006), nicknamed "Pitchin' Paul," was an American basketball player who spent his entire National Basketball Association career with the Philadelphia Warriors from 1950 to 1962. He retired with the third highest career point total (16,266) in NBA history, and was named one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History upon its 50th anniversary in 1996. He was a high-scoring forward at Villanova University before being drafted by the Warriors of the fledgling NBA.
Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Arizin did not play basketball at La Salle College High School, failing to make the team in his only tryout as a senior. Arizin graduated just a year before another NBA hall of famer, Tom Gola, entered La Salle College High School as a freshman.
During his freshmen year at Villanova, Arizin played CYO (Catholic Youth Organization) basketball in Philadelphia. Late in that season, Al Severance, the then Villanova varsity basketball coach, attended one of Arizin's CYO games. Afterwards, Severance approached Arizin and asked, "How would you like to go to Villanova?" His answer: "I go to Villanova."
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Paul Cadmus
Paul Cadmus (December 17, 1904 – December 12, 1999) was an American artist. He is best known for his paintings and drawings of nude male figures. His works combined elements of eroticism and social critique to produce a style often called magic realism. He painted with egg tempera.
In 1934 he painted The Fleet's In! while working for the Public Works of Art Project of the WPA. This painting, featuring carousing sailors, women, and a homosexual couple, was the subject of a public outcry and was removed from exhibition at the Corcoran Gallery. The publicity helped to launch his career. He worked in commercial illustration as well, but Jared French, another tempera artist who befriended him and became his lover for a time, convinced him to devote himself completely to fine art.
Jon Andersson, who became Cadmus's longtime companion of 35 years, was a subject of many of his works.
In 1999 he died in his home in Weston, Connecticut due to advanced age, just five days short of his 95th birthday.
Cadmus's sister, Fidelma, was the wife of philanthropist and arts patron Lincoln Kirstein. Cadmus is ranked by Artists Trade Union of Russia amongst the world-best artists of the last four centuries.
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Paul Elmer More
Paul Elmer More (December 12, 1864 – March 9, 1937) was an American journalist, critic, essayist and Christian apologist.
More was educated at Washington University in St. Louis and Harvard University. He taught Sanskrit at Harvard (1894-1895) and Bryn Mawr (1895-1897).
After his short career as an academic, he worked as a journalist on The Independent, the New York Evening Post and The Nation. He started on his Shelburne Essays in 1904; they were to run to 11 published volumes, drawing on his periodical writing, and were followed later by the New Shelburne Essays, in three volumes from 1928.
In his literary criticism, More generally upheld the classical English authors who display, as he put it, a "deep-rooted sense of moral responsibility"—Shakespeare, Johnson, Trollope, Newman—while also accepting those lusty writers of France and America who cannot help but be a little too honest. As Francis X. Duggan notes, "the immorality More most objects to, the most serious offence an artist can commit, is not the obvious one of obscenity or suggestiveness, but a falsification of human nature, the denial of moral responsibility".
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Paula Ackerman
Paula Ackerman (Hebrew: פאולה אקרמן, December 7, 1893 — January 12, 1989) was the first woman to perform rabbinical functions in the United States, leading the Beth Israel congregation in Meridian, Mississippi from 1950-53 and the Beth-El congregation in Pensacola, Florida from 1962-63. She led the National Committee on Religious Schools for the National Federation of Temple Sisterhoods.
Born as Paula Herskovitz in Pensacola, Florida, she married Rabbi William Ackerman in 1919.
She led the congregation at the Temple Beth Israel in Meridian, Mississippi, full-time beginning December 12, 1950, when her husband died suddenly on November 30 of that year. She had led services before, when her husband was absent or ill.
She continued to lead the congregation until a replacement was found in September 1953 (she was not formally ordained, and served in the function for three years without having gone through the schooling process for ordination).
Regarding her chances of being selected for the job, Ackerman wrote to a friend, "I also know how revolutionary the idea is—therefore it seems to be a challenge that I pray I can meet. If I can just plant a seed for the Jewish woman's larger participation—if perhaps it will open a way for women students to train for congregational leadership—then my life would have some meaning." A woman would not be ordained in Reform Judaism until 1972, when Sally Priesand was formally made a rabbi. Ackerman later performed services at her home temple, Temple Beth-El in Pensacola, from 1962 until a replacement was found nine months later.
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Paula Wagner
Paula Wagner (born 12 December 1946) is an American film producer and film executive.
Wagner was born Paula Sue Kauffman in Youngstown, Ohio. Her mother, Sue Anna (née Shofstall), was a newsmagazine editor from Oklahoma, and her father, Edmund Jamison "Ned" Kauffman, Jr., was a business owner.
She attended college at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Wagner was a talent agent at Creative Artists Agency, spending 15 years representing some of the top talent in the business such as Tom Cruise, Sean Penn, Oliver Stone, Val Kilmer, Demi Moore, Liam Neeson, Robert Towne, and Kathryn Bigelow. In 1993, she launched Cruise/Wagner Productions (C/W) with her former CAA client Tom Cruise. For the next 13 years, she and Cruise produced a wide range of pictures that earned numerous awards, widespread critical praise, and global box office success. The first film released under the C/W banner was the international hit Mission: Impossible, the success of which brought the company the 1997 Nova Award for Most Promising Producers in Theatrical Motion Pictures.
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Pedro Ferriz de Con
Pedro Ferriz de Con is a Mexican radio and TV news anchor. During the 1990s, he worked for the Multivision Network. In January 2000 he switched to Imagen Informativa radio network, in which he has partial ownership. He regularly anchors the morning news program.
Ferríz de Con is a Civil Engineer from the Universidad Iberoamericana in México City and has a Master's Degree in Applied Mathematics from Fleming College at Lugano, Switzerland.
His father, Pedro Ferriz Santacruz is also radio announcer and politician.
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Pedro Ríos
Pedro Ríos Maestre (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpeðɾo ˈri.os]; born 12 December 1981 in Jerez de la Frontera, Cádiz) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Getafe CF in the Spanish first division, as a right winger.
After playing with Atlético Sanluqueño CF (fourth division, having started his career as a striker) and AD Ceuta (in the third), Ríos moved to local side Xerez CD in 2004. He scored 11 second level goals in second professional season, for a final 7th place.
After playing an important part in Xerez's first ever La Liga promotion – 24 games (17 starts), four goals in nearly 1,600 minutes of action – Ríos agreed to a three-year contract with Getafe CF in the summer of 2009. Scarcely used during his first season, as the Madrid outfit qualified to the UEFA Europa League, he was made first-choice after Pedro León's departure to Real Madrid.
On 5 December 2010, Ríos netted twice as Getafe downed RCD Mallorca 3–0 at home, and finished the season with seven league goals, as his team narrowly escaped relegation.
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Peter Boyle
Peter Lawrence Boyle, Jr. (October 18, 1935 – December 12, 2006) was an American actor, best known for his role as Frank Barone on the sitcom Everybody Loves Raymond, and as a comical monster in Mel Brooks' film spoof Young Frankenstein (1974).
Boyle, who won an Emmy Award in 1996 for a guest-starring role on the science-fiction drama The X-Files, won praise in both comedic and dramatic parts following his breakthrough performance in the 1970 film Joe.
Boyle was born in Norristown, Pennsylvania of Irish descent, the son of Alice and Peter Boyle Sr. He moved with his family to nearby Philadelphia. His father was a Philadelphia TV personality from 1951–1963 who, among many other things, played the Western-show host Chuck Wagon Pete, and hosted the afterschool children's program Uncle Pete Presents the Little Rascals, which showed vintage Little Rascals, Three Stooges comedy shorts and Popeye cartoons.
He was raised Roman Catholic and he attended St. Francis de Sales School and West Philadelphia Catholic High School For Boys. After high school Boyle spent three years as a novice of the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools, or De La Salle Brothers, a Catholic teaching order. He lived in a house of studies with other novices and earned a BA from La Salle University in Philadelphia in 1957, but left the order because he did not feel called to religious life. While in Philadelphia, he worked as a cameraman on the cooking show Television Kitchen, hosted by Florence Hanford.
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Peter Pagel
Peter Pagel (24 February 1956 – 12 December 2010) was a professional German footballer.
Pagel made a total of 10 appearances in the 2. Fußball-Bundesliga for Tennis Borussia Berlin and Hertha BSC during his playing career.
Pagel died suddenly at the age of 54.
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Peter Sarstedt
Peter Eardley Sarstedt (born 10 December 1941, Delhi, India) is an Anglo-Indian singer-songwriter.
Sarstedt was born in India and attended Victoria Boys' School in Kurseong, in the Darjeeling district of West Bengal. His family relocated to England in 1954. He is the younger brother of the 1960s pop star Eden Kane for whom he briefly played bass and the elder brother of pop singer Clive Sarstedt. He is best known for his 1969, UK number one hit, "Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?"; a portrait of a poor-born girl who becomes a member of the European jet-set. Set to a fake European waltz tune, it reached the top chart position in 14 countries and was a minor hit in the U.S. The song was awarded the 1969 Ivor Novello Award (together with David Bowie's "Space Oddity"). Other Sarstedt songs include "Beirut", "Take Off Your Clothes", "I Am A Cathedral" and "Frozen Orange Juice" (UK #10 in 1969).
In the 1980s and 1990s Sarstedt frequently toured the UK as part of the 'Solid Silver '60s' package tours. "Where Do You Go To" was later used in the 2007 Wes Anderson films Hotel Chevalier and The Darjeeling Limited which sparked new interest in Sarstedt's music.
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Përparim Hetemaj
Përparim Hetemaj (born 12 December 1986) is a Finnish footballer who plays as a midfielder for Italian Serie A club Chievo and the Finnish national team.
Hetemaj was born in Srbica, SAP Kosovo, SR Serbia, SFR Yugoslavia. He is the elder brother of Mehmet Hetemaj and is of ethnic Albanian origin.
He started his career with HJK Helsinki's reserve team Klubi-04, but soon made it to the first team making his Veikkausliiga debut in 2005. His impressive performances caught the eye of Greek club AEK Athens.
He joined AEK Athens F.C. in the summer of 2006 for a fee of €450.000.[citation needed] He instantly became an important member of the team, having played seven league and one cup match even though only 19 years old. He also appeared in four UEFA Champions League matches. Hetemaj's season ended in an abrupt manner in February 2007, when he suffered a fractured leg after a violent tackle by Kevin Thomson during a friendly match between the Finnish and Scottish national teams.
On 29 January 2008, he was loaned to Apollon Kalamarias (the Greece league) until the end of the season to gain more playing experience after the injury that ended his season in 2007.
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Rafael Septien
Jose Rafael Septien (born December 12, 1953 in Mexico City) was a Mexican placekicker in the National Football League for the Dallas Cowboys from 1978 through 1986. He was the leading scorer for the Cowboys those nine years. He initially played for the Los Angeles Rams in 1977 after finishing college at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette.
A Dallas County, Texas, grand jury indicted him January 22, 1987, on a charge of mishandling of a minor. Septien pleaded guilty on April 9, 1987, to a charge of indecency with a child in an agreement with prosecutors that brought him a sentence of 10 years' deferred probation and a $2,000 fine. He was released by the Cowboys the following day. He hasn't played in the NFL since.
During the nine seasons Septien played with the Cowboys (1978–1986), he made 162 field goals in 226 attempts; he also scored 388 points after touchdown (PAT). During Super Bowl XIII, Septien made a 27-yard field goal in the third quarter and scored four PAT, but the Dallas Cowboys lost to the Pittsburgh Steelers by a score of 35-31. He was selected to the Pro Bowl after the 1981 season.
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Rajinikanth
Rajinikanth (born 12 December 1950 as Shivaji Rao Gaikwad) is an Indian film actor, media personality, and cultural icon. He made his debut as an actor in the National Film Award–winning motion picture Apoorva Raagangal (1975), directed by K. Balachander, whom the actor considers his mentor.
After a brief phase of portraying antagonistic characters in Tamil films, he gradually rose to become an established film actor. Within a few years of his career, he was claimed to be the superstar of Tamil cinema and has since continued to hold a matinee idol status in the popular culture of India. His mannerisms and stylised delivery of dialogue in films contribute to his mass popularity and appeal. While working in other regional film industries of India, he also appeared in the cinemas of other nations, including in that of the United States. After being paid
26 crore (US$5.9 million) for his role in Sivaji (2007), he became the highest paid actor in Asia after Jackie Chan. He is one of the most influential actors in the film industry due to his overwhelming back-driven influence on politics in Tamil Nadu.
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Ray Cordeiro
Reinaldo Maria "Uncle Ray" Cordeiro, BBS MBE (born December 12, 1924) is a Hong Kong media personality and a disc jockey of the Radio Television Hong Kong. He was awarded by the Guinness Book of World Records as “the World's Most Durable DJ” in 2000. He is of Macanese and Portuguese descent, his parents from Macau.
Uncle Ray began his career life as a warder in Stanley Prison and then as a clerk in Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation right after World War II. In 1949, he commenced his broadcasting career at the age of 25 as a scriptwriter with the pioneering Radio Rediffusion service. He was later promoted to become a DJ and hosted the very first program called Progressive Jazz.
He joined Radio Television Hong Kong in 1960 as the Head of Light Music. In 1970 he started the programme “All the way with Ray” which is still on the airwaves today.
During his career, he has interviewed many music personalities, including the Beatles three times. He was also awarded by the Management and Staff of Elvis Presley Enterprises Inc. for his lifelong contribution to Elvis and his fan club in Hong Kong. He was voted top DJ in Hong Kong consecutively for four years. Besides broadcasting, his many music accomplishments include leading a group of top bands from Hong Kong to perform at the 1970 Osaka Expo. It turned out to be one of the most attended event in the Expo. He, together with Lucky Dip, also created the music scene for band sound music in Hong Kong.
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Raymond Radiguet
Raymond Radiguet (18 June 1903—12 December 1923) was a French author whose two novels were noted for their explicit themes and writing style and tone.
Radiguet was born in Saint-Maur, Val-de-Marne close to Paris, the son of a caricaturist. In 1917 he moved to the city. Soon he would drop out of the Lycée Charlemagne, where he studied, in order to pursue his interests in journalism and literature. He associated himself with the Modernist set, befriending Picasso, Max Jacob, Jean Hugo, Juan Gris and especially Jean Cocteau, who became his mentor. Radiguet also had several well-documented relationships with women. An anecdote told by Ernest Hemingway has an enraged Cocteau charging Radiguet (known in the Parisian literary circles as "Monsieur Bébé" – Mister Baby) with decadence for his tryst with a model: "Bébé est vicieuse. Il aime les femmes." ("Baby is depraved. He likes women." [Note the use of the feminine adjective]). Radiguet, Hemingway implies, employed his sexuality to advance his career, being a writer "who knew how to make his career not only with his pen but with his pencil."
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Regina Hall
Regina Hall (born December 12, 1970) is an American film and television actress known for her lead role of Brenda Meeks in the Scary Movie films and as Corretta Lipp in the FOX comedy-drama Ally McBeal.
Hall was born in [los angeles, california]], on December 12, 1970, the daughter of a contractor father and a teacher mother, Ruby. She graduated from New York University in 1997 with a Master's degree in Journalism, and shortly thereafter began a career in the entertainment industry, starting off with a guest appearance on Sadat X's 1996 album Wild Cowboys on the track, "The Interview".
Around 2004, Regina Hall’s mother was diagnosed with scleroderma, a rare autoimmune disease. Therefore, when not working in Hollywood, Hall can be found volunteering for the care of senior citizens at a Sherman Oaks, CA convalescent home twice a week as well as raising public awareness for the disease. “When my mom was diagnosed, I didn’t know much about the condition. But Dana Delany, who is an actress and now a friend of mine, put me in touch with Bob Saget. Bob had made a television movie about scleroderma years ago because his sister had died from it. That was back when they didn’t even know what it was. Anyway, Bob had a group called the Scleroderma Research Foundation, so I donated to that and my mother even went to the doctor Bob had suggested, who happened to be over at Johns Hopkins.”
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Rhahzadh
Razadh, originally Roch Vehan, known in Byzantine sources as Rhazates (Greek: Ῥαζάτης) was a Persian general of Armenian origin under Sassanid king Khosrau II (r. 590–628).
As the war that had begun in 602 between Sassanid Empire and the Byzantine Empire came close to its twenty-fifth year, the Byzantine Emperor Heraclius (r. 610–641) made a bold move. As the campaigning season of 627 ended, Heraclius gathered his heterogeneous army of Turks and Romans and invaded the Persian heartland at the beginning of September. The news threw Khosrau into a panic. After 15 years of war his army was exhausted and his 2 foremost generals were not available. Shahin was dead and Shahrbaraz was away in Egypt, fearing that Khosrau wanted him dead. So Khosrau gathered an army and appointed as its commander Rhahzadh, a warlike and brave nobleman.
Rhahzadh moved to cut off Heraclius and prevent him from reaching Ctesiphon, the Persian capital. Heraclius continued burning and pillaging as he went, Rhahzadh following Heraclius, bidding his time until he was ready to meet the Romans. Finally Heraclius crossed the Great Zab River and set up camp preventing Rhahzadh from crossing by the same bridge without forcing battle. Instead he moved down and forded further downstream. When Heraclius heard of this he detached part of his army under Baanes to harass Rhahzadh. In the ensuing skirmish the Romans killed and captured many Persians, including Rhahzadh's personal aide. From him Heraclius learned that Rhahzadh was awaiting some 3000 reinforcements. Heraclius became concerned when he heard of this: his army was severely depleted by the desertion of the Turkic contingent and was concerned that Rhahzadh's reinforcements could tip the scale.
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Richard Kempenfelt
Richard Kempenfelt (1718 – 29 August 1782) was a British rear-admiral who gained a reputation as a naval innovator. He is best known for his victory against the French at the Second Battle of Ushant and for his death when the HMS Royal George accidentally sank at Portsmouth the following year.
He was born at Westminster. His father, a Swede, is said to have been in the service of James II, and subsequently to have entered the British army.
Richard Kempenfelt joined the navy, was commissioned a lieutenant in January 1741. He saw service in the West Indies, taking part in the capture of Portobelo during the War of Jenkins' Ear. In 1746 he returned to Britain, and from then to 1780, when he was made rear-admiral, he saw active service in the East Indies with Sir George Pocock and in various quarters of the world. In 1781 he won the Battle of Ushant, with a vastly inferior force, defeating the French fleet under De Guichen and capturing 20 ships.
In 1782 he hoisted his flag on HMS Royal George, which formed part of the fleet under Lord Howe. In August this fleet was ordered to proceed to the relief of Gibraltar, and underwent a refit at top speed at Portsmouth.
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Richard Sagrits
Richard Sagrits (December 19, 1910 — December 11, 1968) was an Estonian painter.
Sagrits (with Elmar Kits and Evald Okas) was an author (1947) of the ceiling painting (tempera) of the Estonian National Opera in the style of Socialist Realism.
His works can be seen in the Karepa Kalame Farm Museum, Karepa, Vihula Parish, Lääne-Viru County, Estonia.
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Rob Tyner
Rob Tyner (December 12, 1944 – September 17, 1991) was an American musician best known as lead singer for the proto-punk rock band MC5. Born Robert Derminer, his adopted surname was in tribute to the jazz pianist McCoy Tyner. It was Tyner who issued the infamous rallying cry of "kick out the jams, motherfuckers" at the MC5's live concerts. Tyner had originally auditioned as the bass player, but the band felt his talents would be best used as a lead vocalist.
In 1977, Tyner collaborated with Eddie & the Hot Rods for a 7-inch release coinciding with a promotional UK tour to promote MC5 vinyl reissues. Simultaneously back in the United States, Tyner had launched "the New MC5" which later operated as the Rob Tyner Band and laid the foundation for "Rob Tyner & the National Rock Group", a project which was prolific but issued no recordings. In 1985, Tyner donated his talents to a benefit LP for Vietnam Veterans. Tyner dipped into the song catalog of the National Rock Group for his Blood Brothers CD (1990) and plans were afoot to play more live shows, (including plans with Blackfoot drummer Jakson Spires) when he died in 1991.
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Robert Browning
Robert Browning (7 May 1812 – 12 December 1889) was an English poet and playwright whose mastery of dramatic verse, especially dramatic monologues, made him one of the foremost Victorian poets.
Browning was born in Camberwell - a district now forming part of the borough of Southwark in South London, England - the only son of Sarah Anna (née Wiedemann) and Robert Browning. His father was a well-paid clerk for the Bank of England, earning about £150 per year. Browning’s paternal grandfather was a wealthy slave owner in Saint Kitts, West Indies, but Browning's father was an abolitionist. Browning's father had been sent to the West Indies to work on a sugar plantation, but revolted by the slavery there, he returned to England. Browning’s mother was a daughter of a German shipowner who had settled in Dundee, and his Scottish wife. Browning had one sister, Sarianna. Browning's paternal grandmother, Margaret Tittle, who had inherited a plantation in St Kitts, was rumoured within the family to have had some Jamaican mixed race ancestry but there is little evidence for this. It seems to be only an anecdotal family story. Robert's father, a literary collector, amassed a library of around 6,000 books, many of them rare. Thus, Robert was raised in a household of significant literary resources. His mother, to whom he was very close, was a devout nonconformist and a talented musician. His younger sister, Sarianna, also gifted, became her brother's companion in his later years, after the death of his wife in 1861. His father encouraged his children's interest in literature and the arts.
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Robert Coogan
Robert Coogan (born December 12, 1924 — May 12, 1978) was an American film and television actor.
Starting as a child actor, he appeared as Sooky in Skippy (1931), a comedy-drama, family film which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Picture. Coogan continued acting in adulthood.
He was born Robert Anthony Coogan in Glendale, California, to parents, Jack Coogan Sr. and Lillian Coogan.
In addition to his appearance in Skippy, Coogan appeared in over one dozen other films and made one appearance in a television production.
His brother Jackie Coogan was also an actor; Coogan's nephew is Stereographer and 3D Producer Anthony Coogan and grand nephew Keith Coogan is also an actor. Coogan has a son, Jonathan.
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Robert Lepage
Robert Lepage, CC OQ (born December 12, 1957 in Québec City) is a playwright, actor, film director, and stage director from Québec City, Québec, and is one of Canada's most honoured theatre artists.
Lepage was raised in Québec City. At age five, he was diagnosed with a rare form of alopecia, which caused complete hair loss over his whole body. As a teenager he struggled with depression, and turned to drama classes to conquer his shyness.
Between 1975 and 1978, he studied theatre at Québec City's Conservatoire d'Art Dramatique. He subsequently participated in workshops at Alain Knapp's theatre school in Paris, France.
After coming back to Québec City, he wrote, directed and played in a few independent productions and joined Théâtre Repère in 1982. With that company, he created Circulations (1984), which was presented across Canada and won an award as best Canadian production during La Quinzaine Internationale de Théâtre de Québec. The following year, he created The Dragons' Trilogy and immediately received international recognition. Vinci (1986), Polygraphe (1987–1990) and Tectonic Plates (1988–1990) followed and were also toured around the world.
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Robert Newmyer
Robert F. Newmyer (born May 30, 1956 - December 12, 2005) was a producer of numerous films, both commercial and independent.
On December 12, 2005, Newmyer died at the age of 49 in Toronto, Ontario from a heart attack while working out at a gym. He was in the city on an upcoming film shoot. Bobby Newmyer, 49, an independent producer who took a chance on a low-budget script that became the critically acclaimed and commercially successful "Sex, Lies and Videotape," died December 12 in Toronto, where he was for the filming of "Santa Clause 3," the sequel to the popular holiday comedies he produced starring Tim Allen.
Mr. Newmyer, a lifelong asthma sufferer, had a heart attack while working out in a health club, said his mother, Virginia "Ginger" Newmyer. He died in an ambulance on the way to Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto.
Among nearly 30 movies produced by his company, Outlaw Productions, in addition to "Sex, Lies and Videotape" (1989), were "Don't Tell Mom the Babysitter's Dead" (1991), "The Santa Clause" (1994), "Don Juan DeMarco" (1995), "Training Day" (2001), "The Santa Clause 2" (2002) and "The Thing About My Folks" (2005). Denzel Washington won a best actor Oscar for his role in "Training Day."
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Robert Noyce
Robert Norton Noyce (December 12, 1927 – June 3, 1990), nicknamed "the Mayor of Silicon Valley", co-founded Fairchild Semiconductor in 1957 and Intel Corporation in 1968. He is also credited (along with Jack Kilby) with the invention of the integrated circuit or microchip which fueled the personal computer revolution and gave Silicon Valley its name.
Active all his life, Noyce enjoyed reading Hemingway, flying his own airplane, hang gliding, and scuba diving. Noyce believed that microelectronics would continue to advance in complexity and sophistication well beyond its current state, leading to the question of what use society would make of the technology. In his last interview, Noyce was asked what he would do if he were "emperor" of the United States. He said that he would, among other things, "…make sure we are preparing our next generation to flourish in a high-tech age. And that means education of the lowest and the poorest, as well as at the graduate school level."
Noyce was born on December 12, 1927, in Burlington, Iowa. He was the third of four sons of the Rev. Ralph Brewster Noyce. His father was a 1915 graduate of Doane College, a 1920 graduate of Oberlin College, and a 1923 graduate of Chicago Theological Seminary. He was also nominated for a Rhodes Scholarship. The Reverend Noyce was a Congregational clergyman and the associate superintendent of the Iowa Conference of Congregational Churches in the 1930s and 1940s.
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Ronnie Brown
Ronnie G. Brown, Jr. (born December 12, 1981) is an American football running back who is currently a free agent. After graduating from Cartersville High School in Georgia, Brown attended Auburn University to play college football for the Auburn Tigers. He and Cadillac Williams shared carries at running back, while he had 1,008 yards and 13 touchdowns in 2002, 446 yards and five touchdowns in 2003, and 913 yards and eight touchdowns in 2004. Brown finished seventh in school history with 2,707 rushing yards and fifth with 28 rushing touchdowns. He twice earned second-team Associated Press All-Southeastern Conference honors, in 2002 and 2004.
Brown was drafted second overall by the Miami Dolphins in the 2005 NFL Draft. Brown started at running back for the Dolphins for the first four weeks of the season while Ricky Williams served a suspension, and shared carries with him when he returned in week five. Brown became the feature back in 2006 due to Williams' full year suspension. Brown sat out three games due to a broken hand suffered on Thanksgiving Day in a game against the Detroit Lions, returning in week 16. He played in the first seven games of the 2007 season before suffering a knee injury which knocked him out for the remainder of the season. Williams started over Brown in the first two games of the 2008 season, but shared carries with him after week two. Brown had 916 yards and ten touchdowns in 2008, which led to his first Pro Bowl selection following the season. He was placed on injured reserve for the second straight season after suffering a foot injury in week nine of the 2009 season. Brown rushed for 734 yards and five touchdowns in 2010, as he started in all 16 games. He played for the Philadelphia Eagles in 2011 following a six-year career with the Dolphins.
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Rory Kennedy
Rory Elizabeth Katherine Kennedy (born December 12, 1968) is an American documentary filmmaker and producer. She is the youngest of the eleven children of U.S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy and his wife Ethel (née Skakel).
Kennedy was born in Washington, D.C. six months after her father was assassinated. She graduated from Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island.
In the 1990s, Kennedy and fellow Brown classmate Vanessa Vadim (daughter of Roger Vadim and Jane Fonda) formed May Day Media, a non-profit organization that specializes in the production and distribution of films with a social conscience, based in Washington, D.C.
In 1998 Kennedy and fellow Brown graduate Liz Garbus founded Moxie Firecracker Films which specializes in documentaries that highlight pressing social issues. The television networks that have shown its films include:
She directed and co-produced American Hollow (1999) about a struggling Appalachian family which received critical acclaim and many awards. HBO broadcast the film and publisher Little, Brown and Company released Kennedy's companion book simultaneously.
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Roy Douglas
(Richard) Roy Douglas (born 12 December 1907, Tunbridge Wells, England) is a British composer and arranger. He worked with Ralph Vaughan Williams, William Walton, and Richard Addinsell.
Other films to which he contributed music or orchestral arrangements – but only rarely credited – include:
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Royce Gracie
Royce Gracie (Portuguese: [ˈʁɔjsi ˈɡɾejsi], English: /ˈrɔɪs ˈgreɪsiː/; born December 12, 1966) is a Brazilian professional mixed martial artist, a UFC Hall of Famer and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu practitioner. A legend and pioneer in the sport of mixed martial arts, he is widely considered to be the most influential figure in the history of modern MMA.
Gracie gained fame for his domination in the Ultimate Fighting Championship. He became known for beating opponents much larger than he was, and between 1993 and 1994, he was the tournament winner of UFC 1, UFC 2, UFC 4, and fought to a draw with Ken Shamrock in the championship match in the Superfight at UFC 5. Gracie popularized Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu and revolutionized mixed martial arts with his results contributing to the movement towards grappling and cross-training in the sport.
He holds the most submission victories in UFC history with 11, which he earned between UFC 1 and UFC 4.
Royce is a member of the Gracie family. He is the son of Hélio Gracie (Helio along with his older brother Carlos Gracie are the originators of Gracie Jiu-Jitsu—Modern Brazilian Jiu Jitsu) and spent his childhood in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. As a toddler, Gracie learned Jiu-Jitsu from his father and his older brothers Rorion, Relson, and Rickson Gracie. He began competing at the age of 8 and by the time he was 16 had attained the level of blue belt.
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Sarah Douglas
Sarah Douglas (born 12 December 1952) is an English actress. She is perhaps best known for playing the Kryptonian supervillain Ursa in the first two Superman films (1978 and 1980), and for her role as Pamela Lynch in the 1980s primetime drama series Falcon Crest (1983–85).
Douglas was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, the second daughter of Beryl (née Smith), a physiotherapist who often worked upon RSC actors, and of Edward Douglas, a career member of the Royal Air Force. Having been educated locally at Alcester Grammar School, she then trained with the National Youth Theatre and the Rose Bruford College, before turning professional by working on several productions alongside well-known British actors such as Roy Dotrice and Jon Pertwee.
Eventually, Douglas's career took her in front of the camera with a small appearance in the 1973 film The Final Programme (alternatively known as The Last Days of Man on Earth ). After this, Douglas became known to British television audiences in the 1970s by appearing in The Howerd Confessions, The Inheritors, Space: 1999 and Return of the Saint, and appeared in the films The People That Time Forgot (for which she was nominated for a Saturn Award), and the controversial and rarely seen film The Brute, in which she played an abused wife.
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Selim II
Selim II (Ottoman Turkish: سليم ثانى Selīm-i sānī, Turkish:II.Selim; 28 May 1524 – 12 December/15 December 1574), also known as "Selim the Sot (Mest)" or "Selim the Drunkard"; and as "Sarı Selim" or "Selim the Blond", was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1566 until his death in 1574.
He was born in Constantinople a son of Suleiman the Magnificent and his third and favourite Ruthenian wife Hürrem Sultan (Roxelana).
In 1545, at Konya, he married Nurbanu Sultan, originally named Cecilia Venier-Baffo, a Venetian noblewoman, and mother of Murad III, who later became the first Valide Sultan who acted as co-regent with the sultan in the Sultanate of Women.
After gaining the throne after palace intrigue and fraternal dispute, succeeded as Sultan on 7 September 1566, Selim II became the first Sultan devoid of active military interest and willing to abandon power to his ministers, provided he was left free to pursue his orgies and debauches. Therefore, he became known as Selim the Drunkard or Selim the Sot (Turkish:Sarhoş Selim). His Grand Vizier, Mehmed Sokollu, a Serbian devsirme from what is now Bosnia and Herzegovina, controlled much of state affairs, and two years after Selim's accession succeeded in concluding at Constantinople an honourable treaty (17 February 1568) with the Habsburg Holy Roman Emperor, Maximilian II, whereby the Emperor agreed to pay an annual "present" of 30,000 ducats and essentially granted the Ottomans authority in Moldavia and Walachia.
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Seungri
Lee Seung-hyun (Hangul: 이승현; born December 12, 1990), known by his stage name Seungri or V.I (Hangul: 승리; lit. victory), is a South Korean singer, dancer, actor, record producer and composer, best known as a being a member of popular South Korean boy group Big Bang. Before joining the group, he was a member and leader of a dance team in Gwangju. He first appeared on television on the reality television series Let's Cokeplay: M.Net Battle Shinhwa, a show in which Shinhwa attempted to create a boy band that could be a "second Shinhwa". Although he was noticed for his dance skills, his lack of vocal skills led to his elimination. He was later scouted by the record label YG Entertainment and joined the group Big Bang. Although he was initially cut on the ninth episode of the group's documentary series, he was given another chance to impress YG Entertainment's CEO Yang Hyun Suk and succeeded in becoming a member of Big Bang. Seungri has released his first album "VVIP" in 2011.
Seungri is known for his dance skills. In his hometown, Gwangju, he was part of the dance group II Hwa. He has competed against his fellow Big Bang member Taeyang in several dance competitions, as well as against Super Junior's Eunhyuk, TVXQ's Yunho, and Shinee's Taemin. Seungri also choreographed a large portion of Big Bang's dances.
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Shane Costa
Shane Jeremy Costa (born December 12, 1981 in Visalia, California) is a professional baseball player who is currently with the St. Paul Saints. At 6'0" and 220 lbs. from California State University, Fullerton, Costa made his Major League debut on June 2, 2005, against the New York Yankees. He graduated from Golden West High School in 2000.
On December 16, 2009, Costa re-signed with the Kansas City Royals on a minor league contract, however he did not receive an invite to spring training. On March 8, 2011, he signed a contract with the St. Paul Saints.
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Sharad Pawar
Sharadchandra Govindrao Pawar (Marathi: शरदचंद्र गोविंदराव पवार; born 12 December 1940), popularly known as Sharad Pawar), is the president of the Nationalist Congress Party which he founded in 1999, after separating from the Indian National Congress. He has previously held the posts of Minister of Defence and Chief Minister of Maharashtra and currently serves as Minister of Agriculture, Government of India.
Pawar is from the town of Baramati in the Pune district of Maharashtra. He leads the NCP delegation in the Lok Sabha, representing his constituency of Madha in Maharashtra. He has a prominence in national politics as well as regional politics of Maharashtra, although marred by frequent corruption allegations.
Pawar also served as the Chairman of the Board of Control for Cricket in India from 2005 to 2008. In 2010, Sharad Pawar became the International Cricket Council president after England's David Morgan.
Pawar is one of the ten children (six sons and four daughters) born to Govindrao Pawar and Shardabai baramati). Govindrao was employed by the Baramati farmers' Cooperative ( Sahakari Kharedi Vikri Sangh) while his mother looked after the family farm at Katewadi, ten kilometers from Baramati. Most of siblings were well educated and were either professionals or ran their own businesses. Pawar studied at BrihanMaharashtra College of Commerce (BMCC)in Pune. He was an average student, however, active in student politics. Pawar's first political act was when he organized a protest march for Goan Independence in Pravaranagar in 1956., Pawar is married to Pratibha (Shinde). They have one daughter, Supriya who is married to Sadanand Sule and now is active in politics. Pawar's nephew, Ajit Pawar is also a prominent politician in his own right and presently serving as the Deputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra. Pawar's younger brother, Pratap runs the influential Marathi daily, Sakal
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Silvio Santos
Silvio Santos (real name Senor Abravanel, born on December 12, 1930) is a Brazilian TV show host and entrepreneur. He is the owner of SBT, the third largest television network in the country.
Santos was born in Rio de Janeiro, in the Lapa region. He is of Sephardi Jewish descent and was born to a Turkish mother and a Greek father. Despite his humble beginnings, working as a street vendor, he had a strong affinity for artistic endeavors and took up jobs on the radio, circus and television.
He became the major TV host in Brazil. His greatest achievement was founding SBT in 1981, where he still hosts various programs. His business, Grupo Sílvio Santos (GSS), also owns agribusiness ventures and hotels. He is the single biggest taxpayer natural person in Brazil. Additionally, Santos is known as a benefactor of the Jewish community.
He has influenced Brazilian television in many ways, particularly by producing local versions of popular international formats such as Celebrity Big Brother, Candid Camera, The Biggest Loser, Wheel of Fortune, Family Feud, Deal or No Deal, the RTL Idols franchise, Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader? and Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?. He also was the host of Show do Milhão, a game show also broadcast by ITV in England. The show received was later ported to some videogames, as SEGA Mega Drive 3, with the game built-in, manufactured by Brazilian SEGA's distributor Tectoy, and for Microsoft Windows (with his original dubbing).
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Sohail Tanvir
Sohail Tanvir (Punjabi : سہیل تنویر, born December 12, 1984 in Rawalpindi, Punjab) is a Pakistani cricketer, who has gained repute for his unorthodox left arm bowling action and particularly for the success it has gained him in the Twenty20 format of the game.
An allrounder, he is a hard-hitting left-handed batsman and an unorthodox left-arm fast-medium bowler who also bowls occasional left-arm orthodox spin. Despite not having taken a single wicket during his ten Twenty20 matches domestically, he was selected for Pakistan's squad for the inaugural World Twenty20 after Shoaib Akhtar was sent home. He made his Twenty20 debut in the tournament, and took six wickets in six matches, with best bowling figures of 3 for 31 in four overs against Australia. Though considered an allrounder, Tanvir did not get a chance to bat in the tournament until the final, where he made his first international runs, with a six off his first ball, aiding Pakistan back into the game.
After impressing in the ICC World Twenty20, he was selected to play in the ODI series against South Africa in October, 2007. He was then selected for the tour of India, and took eight wickets in the ODI series. He also took part in the Test series that followed, making his debut in place of the injured Umar Gul. On debut at the Feroz Shah Kotla in Dehli, he took three wickets which included his first international Test cricket causality Sourav Ganguly and Rahul Dravid. In Asia Cricket Cup, June 2008, Pakistan played their first game against Hong Kong at Karachi. In that match, Pakistan's top order struggled to get grips with Hong Kong bowlers before Sohail Tanvir set up a 100 run stand along with Fawad Alam for the 8th wicket. Sohail scored his maiden ODI 50 in that match. He scored 59 off just 55 balls which took Pakistan to a respectable score of 288. After that, in the match vs. Sri Lanka, Tanvir took his first 5 wickets haul. He ended at 5/48 in 10 overs. After the 2009 ICC World Twenty20
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Stand Watie
Stand Watie (December 12, 1806 – September 9, 1871; also known as Standhope Uwatie, Degataga (Cherokee: ᏕᎦᏔᎦ), meaning “stand firm”, and Isaac S. Watie) was a leader of the Cherokee Nation and a brigadier general of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. He commanded the Confederate Indian cavalry of the Army of the Trans-Mississippi, made up mostly of Cherokee, Muskogee and Seminole.
Watie served as Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation 1862-1866, during the war years and immediately after. By that time, he had support of the majority of the tribe, but a minority refused to ratify his election. The former chief John Ross was captured in 1862 by Union forces. Two delegations went to Washington after the war to sue for peace, hoping to have tribal divisions recognized; Watie hoped to gain recognition of a Southern Cherokee Nation. The US government negotiated only with those who had sided with the Union, and named John Ross as principal chief in 1866 under a new treaty.
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Stephen Warnock
Stephen Warnock (born 12 December 1981) is an English footballer who plays for Premier League club Aston Villa as a left-back.
He has been capped by England twice and was part of the nation's squad at the 2010 FIFA World Cup. Warnock previously played for Liverpool, Coventry City, Bradford City and Blackburn Rovers.
Warnock was born in Ormskirk, Lancashire where, in his childhood, he played for Rufford Colts (based at St Bede's RC High School) and also played for St Bede's RC High School. Following his time spent in the Liverpool youth academy and England Youth set up, with his first international cap in the u16s, he had loan spells at Bradford City (where he scored his first career goal against Sheffield Wednesday) and Coventry City. He made his first team Liverpool debut against Grazer AK in 2004, during the first leg of a UEFA Champions League third qualifying round. Warnock impressed on a number of occasions during his debut season of 2004–05. His good form resulted in the more experienced and renowned Harry Kewell being dropped on several occasions. In his second season (2005–06), he was asked to play primarily at left-back, in rotation with the Norwegian John Arne Riise. Warnock scored his only goal for the club against Fulham in a 5–1 win on 15 March 2006,despite making 67 first team appearances for Liverpool.
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Stuart Roosa
Stuart Allen Roosa (August 16, 1933 – December 12, 1994) was a NASA astronaut, who was the command module pilot for the Apollo 14 mission. The mission lasted from January 31 to February 9, 1971 and was the third mission to land astronauts (Alan Shepard and Edgar Mitchell) on the Moon. While Shepard and Mitchell spent two days on the lunar surface, Roosa conducted experiments from orbit in the command module "Kitty Hawk". He was one of only 24 people to travel to the Moon.
Roosa was born in Durango, Colorado, and grew up in Claremore, Oklahoma. He attended Oklahoma State University and the University of Arizona.
He started his career as a smokejumper with the U.S. Forest Service in the early 1950s. He joined the U.S. Air Force in 1953, attended Gunnery School at Del Rio Air Force Base, Texas, and Luke Air Force Base, Arizona, and was a graduate of the Aviation Cadet Program at Williams Air Force Base, Arizona, where he received his flight training commission in the Air Force.
From July 1962 to August 1964, Roosa was a maintenance flight test pilot at Olmsted Air Force Base, Pennsylvania, flying F-101 aircraft. He was a fighter pilot at Langley Air Force Base, VA, where he flew the F-84F and F-100 aircraft. He graduated from the Aerospace Test Pilots School and was an experimental test pilot at Edwards Air Force Base, CA from 1965 to 1966. Throughout his career, Roosa logged more than 5,500 hours of flying time (5,000 hours in jets) and 217 hours in space. He also served as chief of service engineering at Tachikawa Air Base, Japan, for two years following graduation from the University of Colorado, under the Air Force Institute of Technology Program.
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Susan Powter
Susan Powter (born 22 December 1957) is an Australian-born motivational speaker, nutritionist, personal trainer and author, who rose to fame in the 1990s with her catchphrase "Stop the Insanity!" She hosted her own talk show The Susan Powter Show in the 1990s.
Powter was born in Sydney, Australia in 1957, living there until she moved to the United States at age 10. She left school in 9th grade. Twice married, she described herself to Curve magazine in 2004 as a "radical feminist lesbian woman". She has two sons from her first marriage, Damien and Kiel. She adopted a third son after her second marriage.
In 1994, Powter starred in her own talk-show style television program called The Susan Powter Show, which ran for one season. On the show she and guests discussed nutrition and fitness as well as other topics.
Advocate of a whole-foods, organic, low-fat diet, and regular cardiovascular and strength-training exercise, Powter set herself apart from other nutritionists by condemning the diet industry as a whole.[citation needed] Her platinum-white flat-top haircut and aggressive manner of speaking became an iconic element of her celebrity. She has since grown out her hair and has multiple tattoos.
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Suzanne Lilar
Suzanne, Baroness Lilar (née Suzanne Verbist) (21 May 1901 - 12 December 1992) was a Flemish Belgian essayist, novelist, and playwright writing in French. She was the wife of the Belgian Minister of Justice Albert Lilar and mother of the writer Françoise Mallet-Joris and the art historian Marie Fredericq-Lilar.
She was a member of the Royal Academy of French Language and Literature from 1952 to 1992.
S. Lilar's parents
S. Lilar as a child
S. Lilar and father
S. Lilar and mother
Lilar's mother was a middle school teacher, her father a railway station master. After having lived her youth in Ghent, and following a brief first marriage, she moved to Antwerp where she became the first woman lawyer, and where in 1929 she married the lawyer Albert Lilar who would later become a Minister of Justice and Minister of State (Liberal Party). She was the mother of the writer Françoise Mallet-Joris (b. 1930) and the 18th century art historian Marie Fredericq-Lilar (b. 1934). After the death of her husband in 1976, she left Antwerp and relocated to Brussels in 1977.
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Takenobu Mitsuyoshi
Takenobu Mitsuyoshi (光吉猛修, Mitsuyoshi Takenobu?, born December 12, 1967) is a Japanese composer of video game music. He has composed music for various games produced by Sega, including Virtua Fighter 2 and Shenmue. He was also the voice actor of Bill in Sega-AM2's 1993 fighting arcade game, Burning Rival.
Takenobu Mitsuyoshi held a particular interest in the genre of game music, and was thrilled to have been given the opportunity to work in this field with Sega. Joining the Sega team in 1990 not only allowed him to create music in his favorite format, but it also offered him the chance to be a part of the celebrated S.S.T. Band (Sega Sound Team), a live performance band employed by Sega to perform games music of its arcade games.
Having done some work on previous Sega games, the first major project he wrote the majority of the music for was in 1994, working on the game, Virtua Fighter 2. It was around that time that he did the music and vocals for Daytona USA as well.
Mitsuyoshi’s work on these games propelled him even further on his musical path with Sega. In the 1999 highly acclaimed release, Shenmue, Mitsuyoshi once again demonstrated his expertise by creating a soundtrack of over 20 songs and more than 200 other pieces to be used throughout the game. Continuing this tradition of excellence, he went on to compose for Shenmue II, which was released in 2001.
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Tallulah Bankhead
Tallulah Brockman Bankhead (January 31, 1902 – December 12, 1968) was an American actress of the stage and screen, talk-show host, and bonne vivante. Bankhead was also known for her deep voice, flamboyant personality, romances with men and women, and support of liberal causes, which broke with the tendency of Southern Democrats at the time to support a more conservative agenda. She was inducted into the Alabama Women's Hall of Fame in 1981.
Bankhead was born in Huntsville, Alabama, to William Brockman Bankhead and Adelaide Eugenia "Ada" Bankhead (née Sledge). The event took place on the second floor of what is now known as the Isaac Schiffman Building; a marker has been erected to commemorate the site and, in 1980, the building was placed on the National Register of Historic Places. "Tallu" was named after her paternal grandmother. Her mother died as a result of blood poisoning on February 23, 1902, shortly after Tallulah's birth, and is buried in Huntsville's historic Maple Hill Cemetery. Tallulah has been described as "an extremely homely child", overweight and with a deep, husky voice resulting from chronic bronchitis. However, others described her as an exhibitionist, performer, personality, and star from the very beginning.
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Tassos Papadopoulos
Tassos (Efstathios) Nikolaou Papadopoulos (Greek: Τάσσος (Ευστάθιος) Νικολάου Παπαδόπουλος; 7 January 1934 – 12 December 2008) was a Cypriot politician who served as the fifth President of the Republic of Cyprus from February 28, 2003 to February 28, 2008.
His parents were Nicolas and Aggeliki from Assia. He was the first of three children. Papadopoulos attended the Ayios Kassianos and Elenio primary schools in Nicosia and then the Pancyprian Gymnasium. His father's circle which included lawyers and judges, were influential on his future career and he went on to study law at King's College London before becoming a barrister-at-law through Gray's Inn.
His life in London would prove to be pivotal in his future political life. In the second year of his studies he lived with future politician Spyros Kyprianou and Lellos Demetriades (lawyer and future mayor of Nicosia) both of whom had started their political life by founding EFEKA (short for National Student Union of Cypriots in England).
Papadopoulos returned to Cyprus on the 20th of March 1955, ten days before the start of EOKA's armed struggle against British colonialism. At first he joined EOKA and became regional chief operations in Nicosia, whilst Polycarpos Yiorkadjis was held captive. Soon however, he became active in PEKA, the political arm of the EOKA guerilla organisation. In 1958, aged 24, he became PEKA's general secretary.
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Thomas Wansey
Thomas "Tom" Wansey (born 12 December 1986 in Oxford) is an English television actor who most notably played the character of Mark Hollander in the children's TV show Ace Lightning.
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Thorleif Haug
Thorleif Haug (28 September 1894 – 12 December 1934) was a Norwegian skier who competed in nordic combined and cross-country.
Thorleif Haug was born in Vivelstad, a narrow valley between the Lier Lier, Drammen in Buskerud county, Norway. he was raised on the Årkvisla farm.
Dominating Nordic combined and cross-country skiing events during the 1920s, he won three gold medals in the first Winter Olympics in Chamonix and was fourth in ski jumping. In addition, he won the 50 kilometres cross-country event at the Holmenkollen ski festival a record six times (1918-1921, 1923-1924) and the Nordic combined three times (1919-21). Haug shared the Holmenkollen medal in 1919 with fellow Norwegian Otto Aasen. Haug also won a silver in the Nordic combined at the 1926 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Lahti. Haug represented his club, Drafn, Drammen.
In 1946, a statue of Thorleif Haug by Norwegian sculptor Per Palle Storm was erected in Drammen. A road in the Voksenkollen area in Oslo was named after Haug during 1952. Since 1966, his skiing club has held a Memorial Race in his name (Thorleif Haugs Minneløp) as a part of the Thorleif Haug Ski Festival (Thorleif Haug Skifestival). The race runs from Geithus to Drammen, encompassing Haug's home at Årkvisla. Drammen has an illuminated track along Bragernesåsen named Thorleif Haug's way. Thorleif Haug Lodge was officially established 21 January 1984, as the fifth lodge of the Sons of Norway in Norway.
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Tom Walkinshaw
Tom Walkinshaw (14 August 1946 – 12 December 2010) was a Scottish racing car driver and the founder of the racing team Tom Walkinshaw Racing (TWR). He was also involved in professional rugby union, as owner of Gloucester Rugby, and chairman of the team owners organisation for the Aviva Premiership.
Walkinshaw was born at Mauldslie Farm, near Penicuik, Midlothian, Scotland. He began racing in 1968, starting in an MG Midget, before moving on to a Lotus Formula Ford car. The following year he won the Scottish FF1600 title at the wheel of a Hawke. In 1970 he entered the British Formula Three championship with Lotus. He later moved to the March 'works' team, where he broke his ankle in a racing accident. Continuing his career despite this setback, he drove in many classes, including Formula 5000 and Formula Two.
Ford hired Walkinshaw to drive a Capri on the British Touring Car Championship circuit in 1974. This resulted in him winning his class that year. In 1976 Walkinshaw established Tom Walkinshaw Racing (TWR), continuing to drive for his own team. In 1984 he won the European Touring Car Championship in a Jaguar XJS.
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Tony Hsieh
Tony Hsieh (English pronunciation: /ˈʃeɪ/ "shay", born December 12, 1973) is the CEO of online shoe and clothing shop Zappos.com. Prior to joining Zappos, Hsieh co-founded and sold the internet advertising network LinkExchange to Microsoft in 1999 for $265 million.
In 1995, Hsieh graduated from Harvard University with a degree in Computer Science. While at Harvard, he managed the Quincy House Grille selling pizza to the students in his dorm (his best customer, Alfred Lin, would later be Zappos’s CFO and COO). After college, Hsieh worked for Oracle. After five months, Hsieh found himself dissatisfied with the corporate environment and quit to found LinkExchange.
In 1996, Hsieh started developing the idea for an advertising network called LinkExchange. Members were allowed to advertise their site over LinkExchange's network by displaying banner ads on their website. They launched in March 1996, with Hsieh as CEO, and found their first 30 clients by direct emailing webmasters. The site grew, and within 90 days LinkExchange had over 20,000 participating web pages and had its banner ads displayed over 10 million times. By 1998, the site had over 400,000 members and 5 million ads rotated daily. In November 1998, LinkExchange sold to Microsoft for $265 million.
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Toshiko Akiyoshi
Toshiko Akiyoshi (秋吉 敏子 or 穐吉 敏子, Akiyoshi Toshiko?, born December 12, 1929) is a Japanese American jazz pianist, composer/arranger and bandleader. Among a very few successful female instrumentalists of her generation in jazz, she is also recognized as a major figure in jazz composition. She has received 14 Grammy nominations, and she was the first woman to win the Best Arranger and Composer awards in Down Beat magazine's Readers Poll. In 1984, she was the subject of a documentary film titled Jazz Is My Native Language. In 1996, she published her autobiography, Life With Jazz and in 2007 she was named an NEA Jazz Master by the U.S. National Endowment for the Arts.
Akiyoshi was born in Liaoyang, Manchuria to Japanese emigrants. She was the youngest of four sisters. In 1945, after World War II, Akiyoshi's family lost its home and returned to Japan, settling in Beppu.
Akiyoshi began to study piano at age seven. When she was 16, she took a job playing with a band in a local club. Beppu was crowded with US soldiers, and musicians were in high demand to provide entertainment. Akiyoshi had planned to attend medical school, but she loved playing piano; and since she was earning good money, her family did not object to her pursuing music.
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Tracy Austin
Tracy Ann Austin Holt (born December 12, 1962, in Palos Verdes, California) is a former World No. 1 professional tennis player from the United States who won the women's singles title at the US Open in 1979 and 1981 and the mixed doubles title at Wimbledon in 1980, before a series of injuries cut her career short.
Austin defeated 35-year-old Billie Jean King in the quarterfinals of Wimbledon in 1979 6–4, 6–7, 6–2 before losing to Martina Navrátilová in straight sets in the semifinals. Austin then became the youngest ever US Open champion, aged 16 years and 9 months. In the final, she faced Chris Evert who was bidding to win the title for the fifth consecutive year: Austin won the match 6–4, 6–3. Earlier that year, Austin had ended Evert's 125-match winning streak on clay by beating her in three sets in a semifinal of the Italian Open.
Austin lost in the semifinals of both Grand Slam tournaments she played in 1980. Evonne Goolagong Cawley, seeded fourth and the eventual champion, defeated Austin 6–3, 0–6, 6–4 at Wimbledon. As the top seed and defending champion at the US Open, Austin was expected to extend her five-match winning streak against third-ranked Evert. Austin raced to a 4–0 lead in the first set before Evert won 16 of the final 20 games to take the match 4–6, 6–1, 6–1. Evert went on to beat Hana Mandlíková in the final, thus securing for herself the year-ending World No. 1 ranking. Austin was ranked the World No. 1 singles player at times during 1980/81, partly because she captured the two sponsors' tour-ending events, defeating Navrátilová to win the Avon Championships in March and Andrea Jaeger to capture the Colgate Series Championships in January 1981. In 1980, Austin won the Wimbledon mixed doubles title with her brother John, becoming the first brother and sister team ever to win a Grand Slam title together.
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Van Johnson
Van Johnson (August 25, 1916 – December 12, 2008) was an American film and television actor and dancer who was a major star at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studios during and after World War II.
Johnson was the embodiment of the "boy-next-door wholesomeness (that) made him a popular Hollywood star in the '40s and '50s," playing "the red-haired, freckle-faced soldier, sailor or bomber pilot who used to live down the street" in MGM movies during the war years with such films as 30 Seconds over Tokyo, A Guy Named Joe and The Caine Mutiny. Johnson made occasional World War II movies through the end of the 1960s, and he played a military officer in one of his final feature films, in 1992. At the time of his death in December 2008, he was one of the last surviving matinee idols of Hollywood's "golden age."
Johnson was born Charles Van Dell Johnson in Newport, Rhode Island; the only child of Loretta (née Snyder), a homemaker, and Charles E. Johnson, a plumber and later real-estate salesman. His father was born in Sweden and came to the United States as a young child), and his mother had German-American Pennsylvania Dutch ethnicity. His mother, an alcoholic, left the family when her son was a child; Johnson's relationship with his father was chilly.
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Vance Packard
Vance Packard (May 22, 1914 – December 12, 1996) was an American journalist, social critic, and author.
He was born in Granville Summit, Pennsylvania to parents Philip J. Packard and Mabel Case Packard. Between 1920-32 he attended local public schools in State College, Pennsylvania where his father managed a farm owned by the Pennsylvania State College (later Penn State University). In 1932 he entered Penn State, majoring in English. He graduated in 1936, and worked briefly for the local newspaper, the Centre Daily Times. He earned his master's degree at the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism in 1937. That year, he joined the Boston Daily Record as a staff reporter and a year later, he married Virginia Matthews.
About 1940, he became a reporter for the Associated Press and in 1942, joined the staff of The American Magazine as a section editor, later becoming a staff writer. The American Magazine closed in July, 1956, and Packard moved over to Collier's where he worked as a writer. Collier's, too, closed by the end of 1956, allowing Packard to devote his full attention to writing books. In 1957, The Hidden Persuaders was published and received national attention. The book launched Packard's career as a social critic and full-time lecturer and book author. In 1961 he was named a Distinguished Alumnus of Penn State University. He died in 1996 at the Martha's Vineyard Hospital in Massachusetts.
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Vassilis Alexakis
Vassilis Alexakis (Greek: Βασίλης Αλεξάκης; born Athens, December 12, 1943) is a Greek-French writer and self-translator of numerous novels in Greek, his mother tongue, and French.
Alexakis, the son of actor Yannis Alexakis, was born in Greece. He first came to France in 1961 to study journalism at the university in Lille and returned to Greece in 1964. Because of the military junta he went into exile to Paris in 1968 and stayed. Today he spends most of his time in Paris but also travels regularly to Greece. In his literary work he continues to draw from both Greek and French culture. In 1974 he published his first book Le Sandwich, written in French. The first book directly written in Greek was Talgo, published in 1981. By writing Talgo and later on La langue maternelle directly in Greek, he wanted to prove himself that he was still able to write in his mother tongue. He self-translated Talgo into French and since then he writes each book in French and Greek. In darkly humorous prose, he combines autobiography, history, fantasy, and suspense. In 2006, Les mots étrangers was translated by Alyson Waters and published under the title Foreign Words; this was the first of his novels to be translated into English. In 2005, he received the he prestigious Prix Médicis for La langue maternelle. In 2007, he received the Grand Prix du roman de l'Académie française for Ap. J.-C..
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Vicelinus
Saint Vicelinus (also Vicelin, German: Vizelin; 1086 – December 12, 1154) was a German bishop of Oldenburg in Holstein who was considered the apostle of Holstein.
Orphaned at an early age, Vicelinus received his primary education at Hamelin, his birthplace. He left secretly for Paderborn, where he enjoyed the home and instructions of Hartmann, and soon surpassed his companions and assisted in the management of the cathedral school.
Vicelinus was called to Bremen to act as teacher and principal of the school, and was offered a canonry by Archbishop Frederick of the Archbishopric of Hamburg-Bremen. In 1122 he may have gone to Laon to complete his studies. Thereafter he went to Magdeburg and was ordained priest by St. Norbert of Xanten, Archbishop of Magdeburg. However, his hope to be emitted as missionary to the Slavs did not materialise, so he returned to Bremen. Hamburg-Bremen's Archbishop Adalbero sent him among the Polabian Slavs, and in the fall of 1126 Henry, Prince of the Obotrites, gave him a church in Liubice, near the site of the later Lübeck. At the death of Henry (22 March 1127) Vicelinus returned to Bremen, and was appointed pastor at Wippenthorp. This gave him an opportunity to work among the Wagrians and neighbouring Obotrites.
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Victor Moses
Victor Moses (born 12 December 1990) is a footballer who plays for Wigan Athletic. Moses can play in a variety of positions, but in the first-team games he has taken part in so far, Moses has mostly played as a left winger. Born in Nigeria, he has represented England at under-16, under-17, under-19 and under-21 levels, but opted to play for the Nigerian national football team as opposed to being fully capped at the English level.
Born in Nigeria, Moses moved to England at the age of 11. He attended Stanley Technical High School (now known as the Harris Academy) in South Norwood, during which time he was scouted playing football in the local Tandridge League, where scouts from Crystal Palace approached him, with the club's Selhurst Park stadium just streets away from his school. The scouts were so impressed that he was offered a place in the Eagles' academy, which he accepted.
Shortly after Moses joined their academy, Palace recommended him to the fee-paying Whitgift School in Croydon where former Palace player and coach Steve Kember and former Arsenal and Chelsea star Colin Pates had been coaching the school football team, in the hope that the higher quality coaching and facilities at Whitgift would further improve his development as a player.
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Viktor Bunyakovsky
Viktor Yakovlevich Bunyakovsky (Russian: Виктор Яковлевич Буняковский; December 16 [O.S. December 4] 1804, Bar, Ukraine, Russian Empire – December 12 [O.S. November 30] 1889, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire) was a Russian mathematician, member and later vice president of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences.
He worked in theoretical mechanics and number theory (see: Bunyakovsky conjecture), and is credited with an early discovery of the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, proving it for the infinite dimensional case in 1859, many years prior to Hermann Schwarz's works on the subject.
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Vinko Žganec
Vinko Žganec (January 22, 1890 - December 12, 1976) was a well-known Croatian ethnomusicologist.
Žganec was born in Vratišinec in Međimurje. He started to be interested in music early in his childhood and jotted down his first folk song in 1908. In 1916, he published his first book of Croatian folk songs from Međimurje. Later he extended the work to cover the Bunjevci Croats in Hungary and Croats from Gradišće in Austria. He studied theology and later law, becoming a Doctor of Law in 1919.
The composer and ethnomusicologist Béla Bartók kept in close contact with him while collecting folk songs along the border of Hungary and Croatia. Bartók respected Žganec because of both the accuracy of his research and the notation. Music started to be his primary focus in 1945 when he become the head of the Ethnographic Museum in Zagreb. During the span of his research, Žganec collected, recorded, and wrote down more than 19,000 songs, including many Croatian tamburica; these have been preserved for future generations to be used and studied. There is some evidence that he collected more than 25,000 songs (15,000 just from his native Međimurje). Some of them were not entirely documented.
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Vladimir Shainsky
Vladimir Yakovlevich Shainsky (Russian: Владимир Яковлевич Шаинский) (born on December 12, 1925) is a Soviet and Russian composer.
Vladimir Shainsky was born in 1925 in Kiev, Ukrainian SSR, USSR. In 1936, he became a student at the musical school in Kiev, where he learned to play the violin. However, his studies were interrupted by the German-Soviet War (World War II), when his family was evacuated to Tashkent, Uzbek SSR. He continued to study at the Tashkent conservatory until he was recruited by the Red Army in 1943. After the war he entered Moscow conservatory, Orchestra Faculty, and graduated in 1949 as a violinist soloist. In the 1950s Shainsky played in Leonid Utyosov's orchestra, taught young people, and worked as a composer and musical leader at different dance orchestras. In the 1960s he studied in Baku conservatory, the composers faculty.
His first composing works were a string quartet, created in 1963 during his studies in Baku conservatory and a symphony, written in 1965. During his 40-year career as a composer, Shainsky wrote a great number of works for children. He created music and songs for popular cartoons such as Cheburashka, Katerok and Kroshka Enot; for films, including "Breakfast on the Grass", "Aniskin and Fantomas", "Aniskin Again", "School Waltz", "Finist, the Brave Falcon"; for musicals, and even an opera. He wrote many popular songs, like "A Soldier is Walking in the Town", "Russia's Little Corner", "White Birch", "Smile", "Clouds", "A Dog is Lost", "Crocodile Gena's Song".
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Walter Benona Sharp
Walter Benona Sharp (12 December 1870 - 28 November 1912) was an American oil drilling pioneer, innovator and philanthropist.
Born in Tipton County, Tennessee, Sharp's mother died when he was eight and his father moved the family to Texas. By the age of twenty Sharp was operating a water well drilling company with his brother. Sharp began drilling oil wells in 1893, although his first attempt was unsuccessful due to quicksand. Later innovations by Sharp would allow drilling through these conditions in 1901. Sharp also developed the Sharp-Hughes Rock Bit to drill through hard rock.
Sharp made his fortune from the trading of leases and contracting for oil wells. He was a founder of the Moonshine Oil Company and president of Producers Oil Company, and also held an interest in the Texas Company (later Texaco). He was also co-founder of the Sharp-Hughes Tool Company, which was renamed the Hughes Tool Company on Sharp's death in 1912 after Sharp's widow Estelle sold her shares to Hughes.
Sharp had three children, Walter Bedford, Kathleen (who died in early childhood), and Dudley Crawford, who was later Secretary of the Air Force under President Eisenhower.
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Walter Otta
Walter Nicolás Otta (born 12 December 1973 in Río Tercero, Córdoba) is a retired Argentine footballer striker, last playing for Villa Dalmine in the regionalised Argentine 4th division.
Otta is a classic example of the international journeyman footballer he has played for 14 different teams in 11 different countries.
Otta started his career with Villa Dálmine in the lower leagues of Argentine football in 1993. In 1996 he moved to Chile to play for Puerto Montt and then Deportivo Temuco. Between 1998 and 1999 he played for Walsall F.C. at the 3rd level of English football. In 1999 he joined Xerez CD in Spain. 2000 saw him play at Marathón in Honduras and in 2001 he played for Blooming of Bolivia. Between 2001 and 2003 he played in Portugal with C.D. Nacional and then C.F. União. He played in Peru with Universidad and then for Manta Fútbol Club in Ecuador. In 2004 he joined Calgary Mustangs in Canada before signing for Fortuna Düsseldorf in Germany. In 2005 he returned to Argentina and Villa Dálmine before moving to Sportivo Barracas in 2007. Otta joined in January 2008 to Fénix and retired in the winter of 2009.
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Wesley Charles
Wesley Charles (born 12 December 1975 in Brighton) is a Vincentian footballer.
Charles spent the beginning of the 2000s travelling Europe. His travels started in Ireland, where he first joined Bray Wanderers in November 2000 after spending two seasons with Sligo Rovers, where he was voted Player of the Year in 2003.
Charles also went to Russia to play for FC Rostov. He then returned to Republic of Ireland and Bray Wanderers. Charles then signed for Galway United in July 2006. He was appointed club captain for the 2007 season. He was released by Galway United in July 2008.
In March 2011, Charles returned to Europe and signed for League of Ireland First Division side Salthill Devon.
On 9 July 2008, he was released by Galway United. Two days later he signed by the Vancouver Whitecaps of the United Soccer Leagues First Division. On 12 October 2008 he helped the Whitecaps capture their second USL First Division Championship beating the Puerto Rico Islanders 2–1 in Vancouver
On 30 September 2008, Charles was called up for the USL First Division All-League Team. On 18 December the Whitecaps announced the contract extensions of Charles for the 2009 season.
wn.com/Wesley_Charles -
Will Carling
William David Charles Carling, OBE (born 12 December 1965) is a former Rugby union player for Harlequins, and a former captain of England from 1988 to 1996, winning 72 caps.
The son of Lt Col Bill Carling and his first wife, Will attended the Sedbergh School in Winder House, on an army scholarship and later graduated with a degree in Psychology from Hatfield College, Durham. After university, Carling joined the army and was commissioned into the Royal Regiment of Wales. He never rose above the rank of Second Lieutenant and his commission was terminated in 1988.
In 1987 he resigned his army commission in order to concentrate on rugby as a career, and then joined Harlequins and assumed his normal position as centre.
In 1988 he became the youngest ever England captain at the age of 22yrs, and was the most successful, until Martin Johnson's period. His first match as captain was a shock win over Australia by 28-19. During his time he led England to back-to-back Five Nations grand slam victories (1991, 1992) and another Grand Slam in 1995, amassing 6 tries from outside centre in the Championship, and several more in other matches. Whilst possibly the one of world's best centres at the time, he and his team went on to the final of the 1991 Rugby World Cup. After Carling's retirement as captain, no England team managed a Five (or Six) Nations Grand Slam until 2003.
wn.com/Will_Carling -
Wilson Kipketer
Wilson Kosgei Kipketer (born 12 December 1972) is a Kenyan born Danish former middle distance runner. He holds the current indoor world records at the 1000 and 800 metres distance. While dominating the 800 m distance for a decade, remaining undefeated for a three-year period and running 8 of the 17 currently all-time fastest times, he never won an Olympic gold medal. He did, however, win gold medals in three successive editions of the IAAF World Championships in Athletics. Kipketer's 800 meters world record stood for almost 13 years. It was surpassed on August 22, 2010, when David Rudisha beat it by 0.02 seconds, running 1:41:09 (and a week later 1:41.01). He still holds the indoor record.
He represented both Sparta and KIF.
Kipketer was born in Kapchemoiywo, Kenya, into the Kalenjin tribe.
As a teenager, he was first noticed by 1968 and 1972 Olympic champion Kip Keino. Keino suggested Kipketer attend the Catholic St. Patrick's High School in Iten that was famous for bringing up young runners. David Rudisha, who surpassed Kipketer's 800m world record in 2010, was like Kipketer coached by longtime St. Patrick's coach, teacher and former Headmaster Brother Colm O'Connell. Unlike Kipketer, Rudisha did not attend St. Patrick's, rather he went to a neighboring St. Francis, Kimuron Secondary School in Iten, Keiyo District.
wn.com/Wilson_Kipketer -
Wings Hauser
Wings Hauser (born December 12, 1947) is an American actor, director and film writer.
Hauser was born Gerald Dwight Hauser in Hollywood, California, the son of Geraldine (née Thienes) and Academy Award-winning director and producer Dwight Hauser (1911–1969). His brother is actor Erich Hauser.
In 1975, Hauser released an album for RCA entitled Your Love Keeps Me Off the Streets. For this LP he used the name Wings Livinryte. Fans can read an interview with Hauser and experience the album for the first time in its entirety via streaming at the online-cult film magazine website, mondo-video.com. Hauser first attracted notice in 1977 in the soap opera The Young and the Restless, as Greg Foster. He has appeared in 41 television series, including recurring roles in Beverly Hills 90210, Murder, She Wrote and Roseanne.
In 1983, he wrote and produced the Paramount box-office hit, Uncommon Valor. Hauser has also managed to sustain an eclectic movie career, highlighted by rather eccentric, intense character portrayals in movies such as Vice Squad, Deadly Force, No Safe Haven and Tough Guys Don't Dance. Hauser is set for the lead role in the French natural flick Rubber, which is directed by French musician Quentin Dupieux.
wn.com/Wings_Hauser -
Winston Churchill
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, KG, OM, CH, TD, PC, DL, FRS, Hon. RA (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a British Conservative politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. Widely regarded as one of the greatest wartime leaders of the century, he served as Prime Minister twice (1940–45 and 1951–55). A noted statesman and orator, Churchill was also an officer in the British Army, a historian, a writer, and an artist. He is the only British prime minister to have received the Nobel Prize in Literature, and was the first person to be made an Honorary Citizen of the United States.
Churchill was born into the aristocratic family of the Dukes of Marlborough. His father, Lord Randolph Churchill, was a charismatic politician who served as Chancellor of the Exchequer; his mother, Jenny Jerome, was an American socialite. As a young army officer, he saw action in British India, the Sudan, and the Second Boer War. He gained fame as a war correspondent and wrote books about his campaigns.
wn.com/Winston_Churchill -
Wu Jingzi
Wu Jingzi (simplified Chinese: 吴敬梓; traditional Chinese: 吳敬梓; pinyin: Wú Jìngzǐ; Wade–Giles: Wu Ching-tse, 1701—January 11, 1754) was a Chinese scholar and writer who was born in the city now known as Chuzhou, Anhui and who died in Yangzhou, Jiangsu.
Wu was born into a well-to-do family, his father Wu Linqi (吳霖起) was a Qing official, but met no success himself. He attempted the Jinshi examination, but placed only at the county level. Poverty stricken by the age of thirty-two, he moved to Nanjing, where he met and acquainted himself with many government officials.
Wu's family may have had ties to the famous philosophers Yan Yuan (颜元) and Li Gong (李塨). The philosophers emphasized the importance of ritual in Neo-Confucianism and may have influenced Wu's novel.
While in Nanjing, in 1740, he started his famous novel Rulin Waishi. There is a museum in his honor located in his hometown of Quanjiao county, now Chuzhou.
wn.com/Wu_Jingzi -
Yasujirō Ozu
Yasujirō Ozu (小津 安二郎, Ozu Yasujirō?, 12 December 1903 – 12 December 1963) was a Japanese film director and script writer. He began his career during the era of silent films, which extended well into the 1930s in Japan. Marriage and family, especially the relationships between the generations, are among the themes in his work. His outstanding works include Late Spring (1949), Early Summer (1951), Tokyo Story (1953), and Floating Weeds (1959).
Ozu's reputation outside Japan has grown since his death. Influential monographs by Donald Richie,Paul Schrader, and David Bordwell have ensured a wide appreciation of Ozu's style, aesthetics and themes. Ozu was dubbed the tenth greatest director of all time by the BFI's Sight & Sound poll of Critics' top ten directors.
Ozu was born in the Fukagawa district of Tokyo. At the age of ten, he and his siblings were sent by his father to live in his father's home town of Matsuzaka, Mie Prefecture, where he spent most of his youth. He was educated at a boarding school but spent much of his time in the local cinema rather than a classroom.
wn.com/Yasujirō_Ozu -
Yechezkel Kutscher
Edward Yechezkel Kutscher or Yechezkel Kutscher (Hebrew: יחזקאל קוטשר; born 1 June 1909, died 12 December 1971) was an Israeli philologist and Hebrew linguist.
Kutscher was born in 1909 in Topoľčany, Slovakia, then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He studied at the yeshiva in his home town and, later, in Frankfurt. In 1931 he emigrated to Mandatory Palestine and continued with his studies at the Mercaz HaRav Yeshiva and at a Mizrachi Movement teachers seminary. For several years subsequently, he taught at various schools in Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.
In 1941, he completed his studies in Hebrew linguistics at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and, in 1949, began lecturing in linguistics at the Hebrew University, which he continued to do until his death. In 1960 he was appointed a professor. In 1958 he also started lecturing at Bar-Ilan University.
For many years Kutscher was a member of The Academy of the Hebrew Language and its predecessor, the Hebrew Language Committee (Vaʻad ha-lashon ha-ʻIvrit). In 1965 he was appointed editor of the periodical Leshonanu ("Our Language").
wn.com/Yechezkel_Kutscher -
Yuan Shikai
Yuan Shikai (courtesy Wèitíng 慰亭; pseudonym: Róng'ān 容庵, also named after birthplace Yuán Xiàngchéng 袁項城) (16 September 1859 – 6 June 1916) was an important Chinese general and politician, famous for his influence during the late Qing Dynasty, his role in the events leading up to the abdication of the last Qing Emperor of China, his autocratic rule as the second President of the Republic of China (following Sun Yatsen), and his short-lived attempt to revive the Chinese monarchy, with himself as the "Great Emperor of China."
Yuan Shikai was born in the village of Zhangying (張營村), Xiangcheng County, Chenzhou Prefecture, Henan, though the clan later moved 16 kilometers southeast of Xiangcheng to a hilly area that was easier to defend. There the Yuans had built a fortified village, Yuanzhaicun (Chinese: 袁寨村; literally "the fortified village of the Yuan family").
Yuan's family was affluent enough to provide Yuan with a traditional Confucian education. As a young man he enjoyed riding, boxing, and entertainment with friends. Though hoping to pursue a career in the civil service, he failed the Imperial examinations twice, leading him to decide an entry into politics through the Huai Army, where many of his relatives served. His career began by purchasing a minor official title in 1880, which was a common method of official promotion in the late Qing. Using his father's connections, Yuan travelled to Tengzhou, Shandong, and sought a post in the Qing Brigade. Yuan's first marriage was in 1876 to a woman of the Yu family who bore him a first son, Keding, in 1878. Yuan Shikai married nine further concubines throughout the course of his life.
wn.com/Yuan_Shikai -
Yuvraj Singh
Yuvraj Singh pronunciation (help·info) (born 12 December 1981) is an Indian cricketer, and the son of former Indian fast bowler and Punjabi movie star Yograj Singh. He has been a member of the Indian cricket team since 2000 (ODIs) and played his first Test match in 2003. He was the vice-captain of the ODI team from late-2007 to late-2008. At the 2007 World Twenty20 he hit six sixes in an over against England's Stuart Broad—a feat performed only three times previously in any form of senior cricket, and previously never in an international match between two Test cricket nations. He was named the Man of the Tournament in the 2011 Cricket World Cup.
He was recently diagnosed with a cancerous tumor (Stage-I) in his left lung and underwent chemotherapy treatment at the Cancer Research Institute in Boston, USA. On March 18, 2012 Yuvraj Singh discharged from hospital after completing the third and final cycle of chemotherapy to recover from a rare germ cell cancer in Boston, USA. On April 9, 2012 Yuvraj Singh returned home after undergoing treatment for rare germ cell cancer in the United States.
wn.com/Yuvraj_Singh -
Yuzo Koshiro
Yuzo Koshiro (古代 祐三, Koshiro Yūzō?, born December 12, 1967 in Hino, Tokyo) is a Japanese video game music composer and audio programmer. He is regarded as one of the most influential innovators in chiptune music and video game sound design. He has produced music in various genres, including electronic music (dance, Eurobeat, house, jungle, techno, trance),hip hop, jazz, classical/orchestral, and synth rock.
According to Nintendo Power, Koshiro was "arguably the greatest game-music composer of the 16-bit age" and created "some of the most memorable game music of the late '80s and early '90s." He has produced some of the most influential role-playing video game scores, for titles such as Nihon Falcom's Dragon Slayer and Ys series, as well as ActRaiser (1990) and Eye of the Beholder (1994). According to GameAxis Unwired, his "progressive, catchy, techno-style compositions" for games such as The Revenge of Shinobi (1989) and Streets of Rage series were "far more advanced than what players were used to" and set a "new high watermark for what music in games could sound like."
wn.com/Yuzo_Koshiro -
Zhang Xueliang
Zhang Xueliang or Chang Hsüeh-liang (3 June 1901,Haicheng County, Fengtian Province – 14 October 2001, Honolulu, Hawaii), occasionally called Peter Hsueh Liang Chang in English, nicknamed the Young Marshal (少帥), was the effective ruler of Manchuria and much of North China after the assassination of his father, Zhang Zuolin, by the Japanese on 4 June 1928. As an instigator of the Xi'an incident he spent over 50 years under house arrest, but is regarded by the People's Republic of China as a patriotic hero.
Zhang was educated by private tutors and, unlike his father, felt at ease in the company of westerners. Zhang Xueliang graduated from Fengtian Military Academy, was made a Colonel in the Fengtian Army, and was appointed commander of his father's bodyguards in 1919. In 1921, he was sent to Japan to observe military maneuvers, where he developed a special interest in aircraft. Later, he developed an air corps for the Fengtian Army, which was widely used in the battles which took place within the Great Wall during the 1920s. In 1922, he was advanced to Major General and commanded an army-sized force, two years later he was also made commander of the air units. Upon the death of his father in 1928, he succeeded him as the strongest warlord in Manchuria. In December of the same year he proclaimed his allegiance to the Kuomintang (KMT).
wn.com/Zhang_Xueliang -
Zoe Laskari
Zoe Laskari (Greek: Ζωή Λάσκαρη, born 12 December 1944), is a Greek film and theatre actress, one of the most popular in Greece.
Zoe Laskari was born Zoe Kouroukli in Thessaloniki, from a middle class family which had a long tradition of service to the Hellenic Army. At an early age she lost both her parents and was raised by her paternal grandparents. In 1959, at the age of 15, she won the title of Star Hellas (Miss Greece) and went on to represent Greece at the Miss Universe pageant in Long Beach, California where she made it to the semifinals. However, while her being in the United States, it was revealed that she was not an adult yet, as she had hidden her real age, and she was asked to return back to Greece. She refused to do so and managed to live alone in New York City for a period.
Laskari's personal life has always been on the forefront of the Greek media[verification needed]. She had once a love affair with the popular singer Tolis Voskopoulos. In 1967 she married the industrialist Petros Koutoumanos, with whom she gave birth to her first daughter, Martha Koutoumanou. Their marriage ended in 1971. In June 1976, she was married with the criminologist Alexandros Lykourezos, having her second daughter Maria-Eleni Lykourezou.
wn.com/Zoe_Laskari -
Último Dragón
Yoshihiro Asai (浅井 嘉浩, Asai Yoshihiro?), (born December 12, 1966), better known as Último Dragón (ウルティモ ドラゴン?), is a Japanese professional wrestler and actor. In addition to having trained in Japan, Asai learned to wrestle in the lucha libre style while working in Mexico. He is credited with popularizing the "Asai Moonsault".
Asai holds a record as the professional wrestler with the most concurrent championships. On October 11, 1996, he won the J-Crown, a unification of eight junior (lightweight) division titles from various international promotions. At the time, he already held the NWA Middleweight championship; during this reign he also became the WCW World Cruiserweight champion, making him the most decorated wrestler in recorded history. From December 29, 1996 through January 27, 1997 he was the active reigning and defending champion of ten titles, a record which still stands. Asai speaks Spanish fluently, and resided in Mexico for several years.
The name "Ultimo Dragon", which means "Final Dragon" in Spanish was initially used as a gimmick of Asai claiming to be the last student taught by legendary martial artist Bruce Lee, whose nickname was "The Dragon". The gimmick was later forgotten, but the name remained.
wn.com/Último_Dragón
December 12
That's the day you crucified yourself, onto me
When your heart falls out in your world of doubt
I'm left to figure out what the hell this is all about
Give me one reason, to pray for your sanity
Let me wear you skin so I could be fake too
Let me fake a smile so I'd be like you
Snow keeps falling just like deception
Pain keeps crawling down my throat
Do you remember
Or care about those footprints left behind
Scarred on my mind
You build a chrysalis with the hate inside
And when your out of time
Out comes nothing but your lies
Give me a reason to pray for your sanity
Let me wear you skin so I could be fake too
The devil is so lovely when he looks like you
Snow keeps falling just like deception
Pain is crawling down my throat
I'm trying to hold on with nails through my hands
But the pain goes down like a jagged pill
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North Korea Tremor Arouses Suspicion of Nuclear Test
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:39
- Updated: 12 Feb 2013
A large tremor measured at magnitude 4.9 was detected in North Korea and governments in the region are trying to determine whether it was a nuclear test that the North Korean regime has vowed to carry out despite international protests. Japan's prime minister has called an urgent security meeting, according to chief government spokesman Yoshihide Suga, and South Korea raised its military alert level, the AP reported. The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization told ABC News, "We confirm that a suspicious seismic event has taken place in North Korea." The agency said it was trying to confirm the nature of the tremor. In January, North Korea threatened to carry out a "higher-level" test following its successful Dec. 12 long-range rocket launch. Suspicions were aroused when the US Geological Survey said it had detected a magnitude 4.9 earthquake Tuesday in North Korea. North Korea threatened in January to carry out a "higher-level" test following the Dec. 12 rocket launch. At the time, North Korea's new leader Kim Jong-Un said his country's weapons tests were specifically targeting the United States.
http://wn.com/North_Korea_Tremor_Arouses_Suspicion_of_Nuclear_Test
A large tremor measured at magnitude 4.9 was detected in North Korea and governments in the region are trying to determine whether it was a nuclear test that the North Korean regime has vowed to carry out despite international protests. Japan's prime minister has called an urgent security meeting, according to chief government spokesman Yoshihide Suga, and South Korea raised its military alert level, the AP reported. The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization told ABC News, "We confirm that a suspicious seismic event has taken place in North Korea." The agency said it was trying to confirm the nature of the tremor. In January, North Korea threatened to carry out a "higher-level" test following its successful Dec. 12 long-range rocket launch. Suspicions were aroused when the US Geological Survey said it had detected a magnitude 4.9 earthquake Tuesday in North Korea. North Korea threatened in January to carry out a "higher-level" test following the Dec. 12 rocket launch. At the time, North Korea's new leader Kim Jong-Un said his country's weapons tests were specifically targeting the United States.
OLTL: December 12, 2006
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 36:57
- Updated: 11 Feb 2013
http://wn.com/OLTL_December_12,_2006
Tu Tithe Mi - Watch Full Episode 209 of 12th December 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 19:44
- Updated: 18 Jan 2013
'Tu Tithe Mi' is a story is about Manjiri and Satyajeet's marriage and the tests it will be put through...
http://wn.com/Tu_Tithe_Mi_Watch_Full_Episode_209_of_12th_December_2012
'Tu Tithe Mi' is a story is about Manjiri and Satyajeet's marriage and the tests it will be put through...
- published: 12 Dec 2012
- views: 18327
- author: zeemarathi
Amma 26-12-12
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 17:12
- Updated: 09 Feb 2013
Amma 26-12-12
http://wn.com/Amma_26-12-12
Kungumapoo 10-12-12
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 19:40
- Updated: 18 Jan 2013
Kungumapoo 10-12-12
http://wn.com/Kungumapoo_10-12-12
Suvreen Guggal - 19th December 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:33
- Updated: 10 Jan 2013
Rehan Charles becomes upset with Vivan's behaviour. Rashmi wants to date Yuvraj, but in vain. Rehan Charles desires to meet Suvreen. He is unable to profess his love to her. Rathi and Mannu persuade Yuvraj to profess his love to Suvreen. Suvreen becomes surprised on seeing Yuvraj's friendship with Alisha. Naro informs her friends that all the departments of the college have been merged into one. Alisha motivates Yuvraj after seeing him depressed.
http://wn.com/Suvreen_Guggal_19th_December_2012
Rehan Charles becomes upset with Vivan's behaviour. Rashmi wants to date Yuvraj, but in vain. Rehan Charles desires to meet Suvreen. He is unable to profess his love to her. Rathi and Mannu persuade Yuvraj to profess his love to Suvreen. Suvreen becomes surprised on seeing Yuvraj's friendship with Alisha. Naro informs her friends that all the departments of the college have been merged into one. Alisha motivates Yuvraj after seeing him depressed.
- published: 19 Dec 2012
- views: 3436
- author: channelvindia
Content Patch - December 7th, 2012 - Ep. 019
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 15:55
- Updated: 11 Feb 2013
00:41 IGF 2013's finalists to get Steam distribution agreements bit.ly 03:27 The Creative Assembly obtains Warhammer license bit.ly 05:15 BioWare responds to SW:ToR complaints bit.ly 09:26 Petroglyph lays off staff bit.ly 12:17 Motorola denied Xbox 360 ban in the US bit.ly Feel free to head on over to www.reddit.com for more information and to give more feedback towards improving the show.
http://wn.com/Content_Patch_December_7th,_2012_Ep_019
00:41 IGF 2013's finalists to get Steam distribution agreements bit.ly 03:27 The Creative Assembly obtains Warhammer license bit.ly 05:15 BioWare responds to SW:ToR complaints bit.ly 09:26 Petroglyph lays off staff bit.ly 12:17 Motorola denied Xbox 360 ban in the US bit.ly Feel free to head on over to www.reddit.com for more information and to give more feedback towards improving the show.
- published: 07 Dec 2012
- views: 86887
- author: TotalHalibut
Ishti Kutum - 10th December 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:13
- Updated: 10 Jan 2013
Bishwa and Sanjbati's mother arrive at Archi's house. Archi's family becomes surprised on seeing them. Sanjbati's mother accuses Dhritiman of ruining Sanjbati's life. Hiranmay apologises to Bishwa on behalf of his son. Archi's family fails to clear their misunderstandings about Dhritiman and Sanjbati's relationship. Anu takes a promise from Dibyo that he will never meet Baha, except the day when he will inform her about his property will.
http://wn.com/Ishti_Kutum_10th_December_2012
Bishwa and Sanjbati's mother arrive at Archi's house. Archi's family becomes surprised on seeing them. Sanjbati's mother accuses Dhritiman of ruining Sanjbati's life. Hiranmay apologises to Bishwa on behalf of his son. Archi's family fails to clear their misunderstandings about Dhritiman and Sanjbati's relationship. Anu takes a promise from Dibyo that he will never meet Baha, except the day when he will inform her about his property will.
- published: 10 Dec 2012
- views: 3487
- author: starjalshaindia
Sthreedhanam 05-12-12
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 18:36
- Updated: 10 Jan 2013
Sthreedhanam 05-12-12
http://wn.com/Sthreedhanam_05-12-12
Pudhcha Paaul - 7th December 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:12
- Updated: 11 Jan 2013
Rajlaxmi informs Soham that she suspects that someone is staying in Malharrao Patil's mansion. Rupali, Kanchanmala and Chintamani search for treasure in the mansion. They become frightened on hearing a woman's voice and inform Rajlaxmi about it. An anonymous person introduces himself as Rajanikant, the servant of Malharrao Patil's mansion. He informs Rajlaxmi that he is staying in the house with his wife Najuka.
http://wn.com/Pudhcha_Paaul_7th_December_2012
Rajlaxmi informs Soham that she suspects that someone is staying in Malharrao Patil's mansion. Rupali, Kanchanmala and Chintamani search for treasure in the mansion. They become frightened on hearing a woman's voice and inform Rajlaxmi about it. An anonymous person introduces himself as Rajanikant, the servant of Malharrao Patil's mansion. He informs Rajlaxmi that he is staying in the house with his wife Najuka.
- published: 07 Dec 2012
- views: 1196
- author: starpravahindia
คนอวดผี 12 ธ.ค. 55 [2]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 34:08
- Updated: 12 Feb 2013
ชมคลิปเต็มๆต่อได้ที่ www.socialvio.com รายการ คนอวดผี ล่าสุด วันที่ 12 ธันวาคม 2555 12 December 2012
http://wn.com/คนอวดผี_12_ธค_55_2_
ชมคลิปเต็มๆต่อได้ที่ www.socialvio.com รายการ คนอวดผี ล่าสุด วันที่ 12 ธันวาคม 2555 12 December 2012
- published: 12 Dec 2012
- views: 1373854
- author: Lao Bangfai
Best Fails of the Week 2 December 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:59
- Updated: 12 Feb 2013
Subscribe for new compilations every Friday! - www.youtube.com If you want your videos featured on FailArmy submit them to failarmy.com Like FailArmy on Facebook facebook.com Follow FailArmy on Twitter: twitter.com Check out more Fails: youtube.com
http://wn.com/Best_Fails_of_the_Week_2_December_2012
Subscribe for new compilations every Friday! - www.youtube.com If you want your videos featured on FailArmy submit them to failarmy.com Like FailArmy on Facebook facebook.com Follow FailArmy on Twitter: twitter.com Check out more Fails: youtube.com
- published: 14 Dec 2012
- views: 3564548
- author: failarmy
Best Fails of the Week 3 December 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:01
- Updated: 12 Feb 2013
Subscribe for new compilations every Friday! - www.youtube.com If you want your videos featured on FailArmy submit them to failarmy.com Like FailArmy on Facebook facebook.com Follow FailArmy on Twitter: twitter.com Check out more Fails: youtube.com
http://wn.com/Best_Fails_of_the_Week_3_December_2012
Subscribe for new compilations every Friday! - www.youtube.com If you want your videos featured on FailArmy submit them to failarmy.com Like FailArmy on Facebook facebook.com Follow FailArmy on Twitter: twitter.com Check out more Fails: youtube.com
- published: 21 Dec 2012
- views: 7224206
- author: failarmy
Global National - Berlusconi plans political comeback
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:19
- Updated: 10 Feb 2013
Sun, Dec 16: Former Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi says he's heading back into politics, claiming he's the only one who can save Italy from economic disaster. Stuart Greer reports. For more info, please go to www.globalnews.ca
http://wn.com/Global_National_Berlusconi_plans_political_comeback
Sun, Dec 16: Former Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi says he's heading back into politics, claiming he's the only one who can save Italy from economic disaster. Stuart Greer reports. For more info, please go to www.globalnews.ca
- published: 17 Dec 2012
- views: 834
- author: GlobalToronto
1400 Horsepower AMS Performance Alpha 12 Nissan GT-R - CAR and DRIVER
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:22
- Updated: 12 Feb 2013
The AMS Performance Alpha 12 Nissan GT-R is the 1400-horsepower answer to the docile 545-horsepower standard Nissan GT-R. We take the tuned Godzilla to Willow Springs Raceway on the latest episode of Car and Driver: Tested. Subscribe! bit.ly Recommended Playlists: Comparison Tests: bit.ly Car and Driver Tested: bit.ly Driven: bit.ly Supercars: bit.ly CAR: AMS Performance Alpha 12 GT-R MAG EDITORS: Basem Wasef Connect To Basem Wasef: Twitter: bit.ly (@BasemWasef) Connect To Car and Driver: Twitter: bit.ly Facebook: on.fb.me Hosted by the editors of Car and Driver magazine, this show puts the audience into the action on new-car reviews, comparison tests, auto-show coverage, and more. Our experts drive and test the latest models, attend automotive events around the world, and check out the latest in-vehicle technology like massaging seats and night-vision systems. Viewers will also have the opportunity to write in and extend the conversation.
http://wn.com/1400_Horsepower_AMS_Performance_Alpha_12_Nissan_GT-R_CAR_and_DRIVER
The AMS Performance Alpha 12 Nissan GT-R is the 1400-horsepower answer to the docile 545-horsepower standard Nissan GT-R. We take the tuned Godzilla to Willow Springs Raceway on the latest episode of Car and Driver: Tested. Subscribe! bit.ly Recommended Playlists: Comparison Tests: bit.ly Car and Driver Tested: bit.ly Driven: bit.ly Supercars: bit.ly CAR: AMS Performance Alpha 12 GT-R MAG EDITORS: Basem Wasef Connect To Basem Wasef: Twitter: bit.ly (@BasemWasef) Connect To Car and Driver: Twitter: bit.ly Facebook: on.fb.me Hosted by the editors of Car and Driver magazine, this show puts the audience into the action on new-car reviews, comparison tests, auto-show coverage, and more. Our experts drive and test the latest models, attend automotive events around the world, and check out the latest in-vehicle technology like massaging seats and night-vision systems. Viewers will also have the opportunity to write in and extend the conversation.
- published: 17 Dec 2012
- views: 361177
- author: CARandDRIVER
Achievement Hunter Weekly Update #143 (Week of December 17th, 2012)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:00
- Updated: 10 Feb 2013
Jack and Geoff and the boys are here with a ton of good news and information for you and your fellow gamer friends. Enjoy the hilarity!
http://wn.com/Achievement_Hunter_Weekly_Update_143_Week_of_December_17th,_2012
Jack and Geoff and the boys are here with a ton of good news and information for you and your fellow gamer friends. Enjoy the hilarity!
- published: 17 Dec 2012
- views: 246720
- author: RoosterTeeth
Django Unchained OST - Track 12 - RICK ROSS - 100 BLACK COFFINS
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:45
- Updated: 12 Feb 2013
A Rap Song in a spaghetti western hmm... don't like it.
http://wn.com/Django_Unchained_OST_Track_12_RICK_ROSS_100_BLACK_COFFINS
A Rap Song in a spaghetti western hmm... don't like it.
- published: 03 Dec 2012
- views: 1278390
- author: FalloutBoy160682
Lakshmi Sahasaranaamam 12/30/12
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 17:00
- Updated: 15 Jan 2013
The meaning and benefits of uttering slokas of Goddess Lakshmi are explained in detail by the famed spiritualist Karunagarachariar.
http://wn.com/Lakshmi_Sahasaranaamam_12_30_12
The meaning and benefits of uttering slokas of Goddess Lakshmi are explained in detail by the famed spiritualist Karunagarachariar.
- published: 31 Dec 2012
- views: 920
- author: STARVIJAY
GS News - Dark Souls II will be 'more understandable'
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:13
- Updated: 11 Feb 2013
From Software's new role-playing game will also be "more straightforward," Stay up to date by subscribing to GameSpot news! www.youtube.com Read the full articles at GameSpot.com: www.gamespot.com www.gamespot.com Follow Dark Souls II at GameSpot.com! www.gamespot.com Official Site - www.darksoulsii.com Visit our other channels: Gameplay & Guides - www.youtube.com Trailers - www.youtube.com MLG, NASL & eSports - www.youtube.com Mobile Gaming - www.youtube.com Like - www.facebook.com Follow - www.twitter.com Stream Live - twitch.tv www.gamespot.com
http://wn.com/GS_News_Dark_Souls_II_will_be_'more_understandable'
From Software's new role-playing game will also be "more straightforward," Stay up to date by subscribing to GameSpot news! www.youtube.com Read the full articles at GameSpot.com: www.gamespot.com www.gamespot.com Follow Dark Souls II at GameSpot.com! www.gamespot.com Official Site - www.darksoulsii.com Visit our other channels: Gameplay & Guides - www.youtube.com Trailers - www.youtube.com MLG, NASL & eSports - www.youtube.com Mobile Gaming - www.youtube.com Like - www.facebook.com Follow - www.twitter.com Stream Live - twitch.tv www.gamespot.com
- published: 11 Dec 2012
- views: 9584
- author: gamespot
Intha Vaara Raasi Palan 12/23/12
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 19:35
- Updated: 13 Jan 2013
Renowned astrologer Srinivaasa Ramanujar will predict the coming week for every astrological sign!
http://wn.com/Intha_Vaara_Raasi_Palan_12_23_12
Renowned astrologer Srinivaasa Ramanujar will predict the coming week for every astrological sign!
- published: 24 Dec 2012
- views: 3599
- author: STARVIJAY
Weekly Show Euroleague 02/12/12
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 26:48
- Updated: 02 Jan 2013
Euroleague Basketball Magazine reviews Week 8 action with Top 10 plays and Milos Teodosic as bwin MVP
http://wn.com/Weekly_Show_Euroleague_02_12_12
Euroleague Basketball Magazine reviews Week 8 action with Top 10 plays and Milos Teodosic as bwin MVP
- published: 02 Dec 2012
- views: 3011
- author: Euroleague
Uravugal Thodarkathai 12/26/12
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 18:21
- Updated: 04 Feb 2013
A heartwarming story of a young couple who discover love after marriage!
http://wn.com/Uravugal_Thodarkathai_12_26_12
A heartwarming story of a young couple who discover love after marriage!
- published: 27 Dec 2012
- views: 10765
- author: STARVIJAY
Battlefield Friends (Happy Hour) - Campers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:23
- Updated: 12 Feb 2013
Battlefield Friends - Campers When the Noob is nowhere to be found he has probably gone camping. DIRECTOR'S CHANNEL: www.youtube.com How to go camping How to camp in BF3 How to T-Bag How to Troll How to take Elvis - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - FOR MORE MACHINIMA, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE GAMEPLAY, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE SPORTS GAMEPLAY, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE MMO & RPG GAMEPLAY, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE ANIMATIONS & SHORTS, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE TRAILERS, GO TO: www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Battlefield_Friends_Happy_Hour_Campers
Battlefield Friends - Campers When the Noob is nowhere to be found he has probably gone camping. DIRECTOR'S CHANNEL: www.youtube.com How to go camping How to camp in BF3 How to T-Bag How to Troll How to take Elvis - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - FOR MORE MACHINIMA, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE GAMEPLAY, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE SPORTS GAMEPLAY, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE MMO & RPG GAMEPLAY, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE ANIMATIONS & SHORTS, GO TO: www.youtube.com FOR MORE TRAILERS, GO TO: www.youtube.com
- published: 30 Dec 2012
- views: 653700
- author: happyhour
photo: AP / Los Angeles Police Department
11 Feb 2013
A San Bernardino County sheriff's deputy searches a home for Christopher Dorner, a former police officer, on Sunday in Big Bear Lake, Calif. (Jae C. Hong, The Associated Press) ... "We will not tolerate anyone undermining the security of the community," Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa said at a news conference. "We will not tolerate this reign of terror." ... "He has targeted those we entrust to protect the public." ... Copyright 2012 The Denver Post ... ....(size: 2.3Kb)
photo: AP / L'Osservatore Romano
11 Feb 2013
Pope Benedict XVI has announced that he will resign the papacy because of ill health, according to the Italian news agency ANSA. The decision will send shockwaves through the global Catholic community. It is extremely rare for a Pope to give up the papacy and is unheard of in modern times. The vast majority serve until they die, even when struck down by ill health....(size: 1.9Kb)
photo: AP / Kevin Frayer
11 Feb 2013
Twenty-seven of the dead were women, mostly elderly and poor. An eight-year-old girl was also crushed to death ... It is held every 12 years in a temporary city covering an area larger than Athens, spread over a wide sandy river bank in Allahabad at the point where the Ganges and Yamuna rivers meet a third mythical river ... M ... In a 12-day fight for possession, four drops fell to earth, in the cities of Allahabad, Haridwar, Ujain and Nasik ... ....(size: 5.2Kb)
photo: AP / Lee Jin-man
12 Feb 2013
But only on Monday, Kim Jong-un, who took over as the new leader in December 2011 following the death of his father, signalled that the North – officially the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) – would continue with conducting long-range rocket tests despite recent warnings from the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) and even China, the North’s only ally ... Keywords. North Korea nuclear test ....(size: 3.4Kb)
photo: AP / Ugarit News via AP video
09 Feb 2013
BEIRUT, Lebanon — The video has gone viral in recent days. Syrian government soldiers, in camouflage gear, carrying rocket-propelled grenades and brandishing rifles, mugging for the camera while dancing in a circle to Usher’s hit song “Yeah!”. Enlarge This Image. Ugarit News, via Associated Press. In a video posted online, Syrian soldiers chant and dance to Usher’s hit song “Yeah!”. Related. U.N ... Twitter List ... Raw ... ....(size: 8.2Kb)
noodls
12 Feb 2013
The reconstructed Mullaquana Road Bridge re-opens three weeks ahead of schedule on Thursday (Feb 14), following the collapse of a section in December ... When issues arose on December 12 and the bridge was permanently closed, Whyalla Council waived compliance with its normal procurement policy to enable fast-tracking of urgent reconstruction ... Mid morning Wednesday, December 12 section of bridge collapses and road is closed....(size: 3.6Kb)
The Times of India
12 Feb 2013
Subhanker Sarker, COO of Indiatimes, says the firm's e-commerce and shopping business increased three-fold in the last 12 months, helped by a dramatic 40 per cent increase in new customers from tier-2 and tier-3 cities ... Great Online Shopping Festival (GOSF), the 24-hour online shopping festival hosted by search giant Google on December 12 last year, or 12-12-12, proved to be the biggest virtual shopping festival in the country so far....(size: 2.9Kb)
Screen Daily
12 Feb 2013
Yoji Yamada’ Tokyo Family, also screening in Berlinale, is a homage to the film. Shochiku is also planning a series of screenings of Ozu titles in Japan in December and a travelling retrospective, as it has done with the films of Keisuke Kinoshita over the past year ... Ozu was born on December 12, 1903 and died exactly 60 years later on December 12, 1963 ... Have your say. You must sign in to make a comment. Email Save. Related images ... Winners ... ....(size: 5.6Kb)
CNN
12 Feb 2013
February 12, 2013 -- Updated 0127 GMT (0927 HKT). (File) A nuclear test site and water cooling plant are pictured in North Korea ... Korea ... Last month, the U.N. Security Council voted to tighten sanctions on Pyongyang, after the North launched a satellite aboard a long-range rocket in December ... U.S ... December 12, 2012 -- Updated 1035 GMT (1835 HKT) ... December 12, 2012 -- Updated 1100 GMT (1900 HKT) ... April 12, 2012 -- Updated 1452 GMT (2252 HKT) ... ....(size: 7.3Kb)
The Times of India
12 Feb 2013
A recent study by Google India reveals that 51 per cent of traffic for the its Great Online Shopping Festival held last December ... Great Online Shopping Festival (GOSF), the 24-hour online shopping festival hosted by search giant Google on December 12 last year, or 12-12-12, proved to be the biggest virtual shopping festival in the country so far....(size: 4.5Kb)
Newstrack India
12 Feb 2013
Zeenews
12 Feb 2013
Newstrack India
12 Feb 2013
"This is a highly provocative act that, following its December 12 ballistic missile launch, undermines regional stability, violates North Korea's obligations under numerous United Nations Security Council resolutions," Obama said in a statement issued by the White House ......(size: 2.0Kb)
CNTV
12 Feb 2013
12 (Xinhua) -- U.S ... "This is a highly provocative act that, following its December 12 ballistic missile launch, undermines regional stability, violates North Korea's obligations under numerous United Nations Security Council resolutions," Obama said in a statement issued by the White House ... DPRK confirms successful nuclear test 2013-02-12 DPRK's nuclear test "regrettable" ... DPRK's motivation on pursuing nuclear capability 2013-02-12....(size: 5.9Kb)
CNN
12 Feb 2013
February 12, 2013 -- Updated 0440 GMT (1240 HKT) ... Coming on the heels of December's successful launch of a satellite, the threat of an atomic test has raised concerns ... February 12, 2013 -- Updated 0540 GMT (1340 HKT) ... February 12, 2013 -- Updated 0440 GMT (1240 HKT) ... February 12, 2013 -- Updated 0526 GMT (1326 HKT) ... December 12, 2012 -- Updated 1035 GMT (1835 HKT) ... February 12, 2013 -- Updated 0508 GMT (1308 HKT)....(size: 13.4Kb)
China Daily
12 Feb 2013
Earlier, the DPRK vowed to proceed with missile and nuclear tests targeting the United States, its "sworn enemy," after the UN Security Council adopted a resolution to condemn its December 12 rocket launch. Pyongyang conducted similar nuclear tests in 2006 and 2009. ....(size: 1.2Kb)
Huffington Post
12 Feb 2013
12, 2013 ... 12, 2013 on North Korea's announcement of a third nuclear test ... This is a highly provocative act that, following its December 12 ballistic missile launch, undermines regional stability, violates North Korea’s obligations under numerous United Nations Security Council resolutions, contravenes its commitments under the September 19, 2005 Joint Statement of the Six-Party Talks, and increases the risk of proliferation ... This Dec ... ....(size: 4.7Kb)
CNN
12 Feb 2013
February 12, 2013 -- Updated 0413 GMT (1213 HKT) ... Kim celebrates with staff from the satellite control center in Pyongyang, North Korea, during the launch of a rocket carrying a satellite, in a photo released by the official North Korean news agency on December 12 ... 12 ... February 12, 2013 -- Updated 0440 GMT (1240 HKT) ... December 12, 2012 -- Updated 1035 GMT (1835 HKT) ... February 12, 2013 -- Updated 0413 GMT (1213 HKT)....(size: 15.2Kb)
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| December 12 in recent years |
| 2011 (Monday) |
| 2010 (Sunday) |
| 2009 (Saturday) |
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December 12 is the 346th day of the year (347th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 19 days remaining until the end of the year.
Contents |
Events[link]
- 627 – Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II's Persian forces, commanded by General Rhahzadh.
- 1098 – First Crusade: Massacre of Ma'arrat al-Numan – Crusaders breach the town's walls and massacre about 20,000 inhabitants. After finding themselves with insufficient food, they resort to cannibalism.
- 1408 – The Order of the Dragon a monarchical chivalric order is created by Sigismund of Luxembourg, then King of Hungary.
- 1781 – American Revolutionary War: Second Battle of Ushant – A Royal Navy squadron, commanded by Rear Admiral Richard Kempenfelt on HMS Victory, defeats a French fleet.
- 1787 – Pennsylvania becomes the second state to ratify the United States Constitution five days after Delaware became the first.
- 1862 – USS Cairo sinks on the Yazoo River, becoming the first armored ship to be sunk by an electrically detonated mine.
- 1870 – Joseph H. Rainey of South Carolina becomes the second black U.S. congressman, the first one being Hiram Revels.
- 1897 – Belo Horizonte, the first planned city in Brazil, is founded.
- 1901 – Guglielmo Marconi receives the first transatlantic radio signal at Signal Hill in St John's, Newfoundland.
- 1911 – Delhi replaces Calcutta as the capital of India.
- 1911 – King George V of the United Kingdom and Mary of Teck are enthroned as Emperor and Empress of India.
- 1915 – President of the Republic of China, Yuan Shikai, announces his intention to reinstate the monarchy and proclaim himself Emperor of China.
- 1917 – In Nebraska, Father Edward J. Flanagan founds Boys Town as a farm village for wayward boys.
- 1918 – Flag of Estonia is raised atop the Pikk Hermann for the first time.
- 1925 – The Majlis of Iran votes to crown Reza Khan as the new Shah of Persia.
- 1935 – Lebensborn Project, a Nazi reproduction program, is founded by Heinrich Himmler.
- 1936 – Xi'an Incident: The Generalissimo of the Republic of China, Chiang Kai-shek, is kidnapped by Zhang Xueliang.
- 1937 – USS Panay incident: Japanese aircraft bomb and sink US gunboat USS Panay on the Yangtze River in China.
- 1939 – Winter War: Battle of Tolvajärvi – Finnish forces defeat those of the Soviet Union in their first major victory of the conflict.
- 1939 – HMS Duchess sinks after a collision with HMS Barham off the coast of Scotland with the loss of 124 men.
- 1940 – World War II: Approximately 70 people are killed in the Marples Hotel, Fitzalan Square, Sheffield, as a result of a German air raid.
- 1941 – World War II: Fifty-four Japanese A6M Zero fighters raid Batangas Field, Philippines. Jesús Villamor and four Filipino fighter pilots fend them off; César Basa is killed.
- 1941 – World War II: USMC F4F "Wildcats" sink the first 4 major Japanese ships off Wake Island.
- 1941 – World War II: The United Kingdom declares war on Bulgaria. Hungary and Romania declare war on the United States. India declares war on Japan.
- 1941 – Adolf Hitler announces extermination of the Jews at a meeting in the Reich Chancellery
- 1942 – World War II: German troops begin Operation Winter Storm, an attempt to relieve encircled Axis forces during the Battle of Stalingrad.
- 1942 – A fire in a hostel in St. John's, Newfoundland, kills 100 people.
- 1946 – A fire at a New York City ice plant spreads to a nearby tenement killing 37 people.
- 1948 – Malayan Emergency: Batang Kali Massacre – 14 members of the Scots Guards stationed in Malaysia allegedly massacre 24 unarmed civilians and set fire to the village.
- 1950 – Paula Ackerman, the first woman appointed to perform rabbinical functions in the United States, leads the congregation in her first services.
- 1956 – Beginning of the Irish Republican Army's "Border Campaign".
- 1958 – Guinea joins the United Nations.
- 1963 – Kenya gains its independence from the United Kingdom.
- 1964 – Prime Minister Jomo Kenyatta becomes the first President of the Republic of Kenya.
- 1969 – Strategy of tension: Piazza Fontana bombing – The offices of Banca Nazionale dell'Agricoltura in Piazza Fontana, Milan, are bombed.
- 1979 – Coup d'état of December Twelfth: South Korean Army Major General Chun Doo-hwan orders the arrest of Army Chief of Staff General Jeong Seung-hwa without authorization from President Choi Kyu-ha, alleging involvement in the assassination of ex-President Park Chung Hee.
- 1979 – President of Pakistan, Zia-ul-Haq, confers Nishan-e-Imtiaz on Nobel laureate Dr Abdus Salam.
- 1979 – The unrecognised state of Zimbabwe Rhodesia returns to British control and resumes using the name Southern Rhodesia.
- 1979 – A major earthquake and tsunami kill 259 people in Colombia.
- 1984 – Maaouiya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya becomes the third president of Mauritania after a coup d'état against Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla while the latter is attending a summit.
- 1985 – Arrow Air Flight 1285 crashes after takeoff in Gander, Newfoundland, killing 256, including 236 members of the United States Army's 101st Airborne Division.
- 1988 – The Clapham Junction rail crash kills thirty-five and injures hundreds after two collisions of three commuter trains – one of the worst train crashes in the United Kingdom.
- 1991 – Russian Federation gains independence from the USSR.
- 2000 – The United States Supreme Court releases its decision in Bush v. Gore.
Births[link]
- 1298 – Albert II of Austria (d. 1358)
- 1526 – Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz, Spanish admiral.
- 1574 – Anne of Denmark, queen consort of James I of England (d. 1619)
- 1610 – Saint Vasilije (d. 1671)
- 1659 – Francesco Galli-Bibiena, Italian architect/designer (d. 1739)
- 1685 – Lodovico Giustini, Italian composer and keyboard player (d. 1743)
- 1712 – Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine, Austrian military leader (d. 1780)
- 1715 – Gennaro Manna, Italian composer (d. 1779)
- 1724 – Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, British admiral (d. 1816)
- 1745 – John Jay, 1st Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1829)
- 1779 – Madeleine Sophie Barat, French saint (d. 1865)
- 1783 – Ner Alexander Middleswarth, American politician (d. 1865)
- 1786 – William L. Marcy, American statesman (d. 1857)
- 1791 – Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria, wife of Napoleon (d. 1847)
- 1792 – Alexander Ypsilantis, Greek prince (d. 1828)
- 1799 – Karl Briullov, Russian painter (d. 1852)
- 1805 – William Lloyd Garrison, American abolitionist (d. 1879)
- 1805 – Henry Wells, American banking executive (d. 1878)
- 1806 – Stand Watie, American Confederate general (d. 1871)
- 1812 – John Sandfield Macdonald, Canadian premier of Ontario (d. 1872)
- 1821 – Gustave Flaubert, French writer (d. 1880)
- 1845 – Bruce Price, American architect (d. 1903)
- 1849 – William Kissam Vanderbilt, member of the Vanderbilt family (d. 1920)
- 1862 – Joseph Bruce Ismay, British ocean liner executive and Titanic survivor (d. 1937)
- 1863 – Edvard Munch, Norwegian painter (d. 1944)
- 1864 – Paul Elmer More, American essayist (d. 1937)
- 1866 – Alfred Werner, Swiss chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1919)
- 1870 – Walter Benona Sharp, American oil industry executive (d. 1912)
- 1875 – Gerd von Rundstedt, German field marshal (d. 1953)
- 1876 – Alvin Kraenzlein, American athlete (d. 1928)
- 1887 – Kurt Atterberg, Swedish composer (d. 1974)
- 1892 – Milko Kos, Slovenian historian (d. 1972)
- 1893 – Edward G. Robinson, American actor (d. 1973)
- 1900 – Sammy Davis, Sr., American dancer (d. 1988)
- 1902 – Koloman Sokol, Slovak painter (d. 2003)
- 1903 – Dagmar Nordstrom, American composer (d. 1976)
- 1903 – Yasujirō Ozu, Japanese film director (d. 1963)
- 1904 – Nicolas de Gunzburg, French magazine editor (d. 1981)
- 1905 – Manès Sperber, Austrian writer (d. 1984)
- 1907 – Roy Douglas, English composer and orchestrator
- 1908 – Gustav Ernesaks, Estonian composer and conductor (d. 1993)
- 1909 – Karen Morley, American actress (d. 2003)
- 1909 – Hans Keilson, German-born Dutch writer and child psychologist (d. 2011)
- 1910 – Richard Sagrits, Estonian painter (d. 1968)
- 1914 – Patrick O'Brian, English author (d. 2000)
- 1915 – Frank Sinatra, American singer and actor (d. 1998)
- 1917 – James Wall, American actor and stage manager (d. 2010)
- 1918 – Joe Williams, American singer (d. 1999)
- 1919 – Olivia Barclay, English astrologer (d. 2001)
- 1919 – Dan DeCarlo, American cartoonist (d. 2001)
- 1920 – Fred Kida, American comics artist
- 1922 – Christian Dotremont, Belgian painter and writer (d. 1979)
- 1923 – Bob Barker, American television game show host
- 1923 – Bob Dorough, American jazz pianist/vocalist
- 1923 – Ken Kavanagh, Australian racing driver
- 1924 – Ed Koch, American politician
- 1924 – Ray Cordeiro, Hong Kong radio personality
- 1924 – Robert Coogan, American actor (d. 1978)
- 1925 – Vladimir Shainsky, Russian composer
- 1925 – Ahmad Shamlou, Iranian poet (d. 2000)
- 1927 – Robert Noyce, American inventor (d. 1990)
- 1928 – Chinghiz Aitmatov, Soviet-born Kyrgyz writer (d. 2008)
- 1928 – Helen Frankenthaler, American artist (d. 2011)
- 1929 – Toshiko Akiyoshi, Japanese musician
- 1929 – John Osborne, English dramatist (d. 1994)
- 1930 – Bill Beutel, American journalist (d. 2006)
- 1930 – Silvio Santos, Brazilian TV show host
- 1931 – Lionel Blair, English actor and choreographer
- 1932 – Bob Pettit, American basketball player
- 1934 – Miguel de la Madrid, Mexican politician
- 1937 – Buford Pusser, American law enforcement official (d. 1974)
- 1938 – Connie Francis, American singer
- 1940 – Sharad Pawar, Indian politician
- 1940 – Dionne Warwick, American singer
- 1940 – Frances Willard, American magician
- 1942 – Peter Sarstedt, British musician
- 1943 – Vassilis Alexakis, Greek-French writer
- 1943 – Dickey Betts, American musician (The Allman Brothers Band)
- 1943 – Grover Washington, Jr., American saxophonist (d. 1999)
- 1944 – Kenneth Cranham, Scottish actor
- 1944 – Jean Doré, Canadian politician
- 1944 – Zoe Laskari, Greek actress
- 1944 – Rob Tyner, American Singer, Songwriter and activist (The MC5) (d. 1991)
- 1945 – Tony Williams, American jazz drummer (d. 1997)
- 1946 – Emerson Fittipaldi, Brazilian race car driver
- 1946 – Paula Wagner, American film executive
- 1947 – Wings Hauser, American actor
- 1949 – Bill Nighy, English actor
- 1950 – Pedro Ferriz de Con, Mexican radio and TV news anchor
- 1950 – Rajinikanth, Indian actor
- 1950 – Billy Smith, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1952 – Brenton Broadstock, Australian composer and academic
- 1952 – Herb Dhaliwal, Canadian politician
- 1952 – Sarah Douglas, English actress
- 1952 – Cathy Rigby, American gymnast and actress
- 1953 – Bruce Kulick, American guitarist (Kiss, Grand Funk Railroad)
- 1953 – Dave Meniketti, American guitarist
- 1953 – Rafael Septien, Mexican placekicker and convicted sex offender
- 1955 – Gianna Angelopoulos-Daskalaki, Greek businesswoman
- 1955 – Eddy Schepers, Belgian cyclist
- 1956 – Johan van der Velde, Dutch cyclist
- 1957 – Sheila E., American musician
- 1957 – Robert Lepage, French Canadian playwright
- 1957 – Susan Powter, Australian author and motivational speaker
- 1958 – Monica Attard, Australian journalist
- 1958 – Lucie Guay, Canadian canoer
- 1958 – Dag Ingebrigtsen, Norwegian musician
- 1958 – Sheree J. Wilson, American actress
- 1962 – Tracy Austin, American tennis player
- 1962 – Mike Golic, American football player
- 1963 – Liz Claman, American television anchor
- 1963 – Ai Orikasa, Japanese voice actress and singer
- 1964 – Sabu, American professional wrestler
- 1964 – Haywood Jeffries, American football player
- 1965 – Will Carling, English rugby union footballer
- 1966 – Royce Gracie, Brazilian martial artist
- 1966 – Kouichi Nagano, Japanese voice actor
- 1966 – Último Dragón, Japanese professional wrestler
- 1967 – Yuzo Koshiro, Japanese composer
- 1967 – Takenobu Mitsuyoshi, Japanese composer
- 1967 – John Randle, American football player
- 1967 – Deke Sharon, American musician
- 1968 – Kate Humble, English television presenter
- 1968 – Rory Kennedy, American documentarian
- 1968 – Laurie Williams, Jamaican cricketer (d. 2002)
- 1969 – Carrie Westcott, American model and actress
- 1970 – Mädchen Amick, American actress
- 1970 – Jennifer Connelly, American actress
- 1970 – Regina Hall, American actress
- 1972 – Nicky Eaden, English footballer
- 1972 – Wilson Kipketer, Danish middle-distance runner
- 1972 – Kevin Parent, French Canadian singer and songwriter
- 1972 – Brandon Teena, American murder victim (d. 1993)
- 1972 – Georgios Theodoridis, Greek sprinter
- 1972 – Hank Williams III, American musician
- 1973 – Walter Otta, Argentine footballer
- 1973 – Gary Breen, Republic of Ireland footballer
- 1973 – Tony Hsieh, American Businessman
- 1974 – Nolberto Solano, Peruvian footballer
- 1975 – Mayim Bialik, American actress
- 1975 – Wesley Charles, Vincentian footballer
- 1975 – Craig Moore, Australian footballer
- 1976 – Dan Hawkins, English guitarist (The Darkness)
- 1976 – Lloyd Owusu, Ghanaian footballer
- 1977 – Nicole, Erica and Jaclyn Dahm, American triplet models
- 1977 – Bridget Hall, American supermodel
- 1977 – Orlando Hudson, American baseball player
- 1977 – Colin White, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1978 – Monica Barladeanu, Romanian actress
- 1978 – Jennifer Rovero, American model
- 1979 – Garrett Atkins, American baseball player
- 1979 – Nate Clements, American football player
- 1979 – Sharin Foo, Danish singer and bassist
- 1979 – John Salmons, American basketball player
- 1980 – Gus G, Greek musician
- 1980 – Nicolae Dorin Goian, Romanian footballer
- 1981 – Ronnie Brown, American football player
- 1981 – Shane Costa, American baseball player
- 1981 – Jeret Peterson, American aerial skier
- 1981 – Pedro Ríos, Spanish footballer
- 1981 – Yuvraj Singh, Indian cricketer
- 1981 – Stephen Warnock, English footballer
- 1982 – Dmitry Tursunov, Russian tennis player
- 1982 – Ai Kato, Japanese actress
- 1983 – Katrina Elam, American singer
- 1984 – Daniel Agger, Danish footballer
- 1984 – Daniel Merrett, Australian football player
- 1984 – Sohail Tanvir,Pakistani cricketer
- 1985 – Pat Calathes, Greek-American basketball player
- 1985 – Chris Jennings, American football player
- 1985 – David Veikune, American football player
- 1985 – Giannis Zaradoukas, Greek footballer
- 1986 – Përparim Hetemaj, Finnish footballer
- 1986 – Mitsuhiro Hidaka, Japanese singer (AAA (band))
- 1986 – Thomas Wansey, English actor
- 1986 – T. J. Ward, American football player
- 1986 – Lee Qri, Korean singer and actress
- 1988 – Ham Eun-jeong, Korean singer and actress (T-ara)
- 1990 – Victor Moses, Nigerian-born British footballer
- 1990 – Seungri, Korean singer
- 1991 – Daniel Magder, Canadian actor
Deaths[link]
- 884 – Carloman, King of the West Franks
- 1212 – Geoffrey, Archbishop of York
- 1569 – Metropolitan Philip of Moscow (b. 1507)
- 1574 – Selim II, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1524)
- 1586 – Stefan Batory, King of Poland (b. 1533)
- 1685 – John Pell, English mathematician (b. 1610)
- 1751 – Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke, English statesman and philosopher (b. 1678)
- 1754 – Wu Jingzi, Chinese writer (b. 1701)
- 1766 – Johann Christoph Gottsched, German writer (b. 1700)
- 1789 – John Ponsonby, Irish politician (b. 1713)
- 1790 – Mikhail Shcherbatov, Russian philosopher and writer (b. 1733)
- 1817 – Emperor Tekle Giyorgis I of Ethiopia, (b. about 1751)
- 1843 – King William I of the Netherlands, (b. 1772)
- 1858 – Jacques Viger, antiquarian and archeologist, first mayor of Montreal (b. 1787)
- 1889 – Robert Browning, English poet (b. 1812)
- 1889 – Viktor Bunyakovsky, Russian mathematician (b. 1804)
- 1894 – Sir John Sparrow David Thompson, fourth Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1845)
- 1913 – Emperor Menelek II of Ethiopia (b. 1844)
- 1923 – Raymond Radiguet, French author (b. 1903)
- 1926 – Jean Richepin, French poet (b. 1849)
- 1929 – Charles Goodnight, American cattle baron (b. 1836)
- 1934 – Thorleif Haug, Norwegian Nordic skier (b. 1894)
- 1939 – Douglas Fairbanks, American actor (b. 1883)
- 1941 – César Basa, Philippine Air Force and World War II hero (b. 1915)
- 1951 – Mildred Bailey, American jazz singer (b. 1907)
- 1952 – Bedřich Hrozný, Czech orientalist and linguist (b. 1879)
- 1958 – Albert Walsh, Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1900)
- 1963 – Yasujirō Ozu, Japanese film director (b. 1903)
- 1968 – Tallulah Bankhead, American actress (b. 1902)
- 1970 – Doris Blackburn, Australian politician (b. 1889)
- 1971 – Yechezkel Kutscher, Israeli philologist and Hebrew linguist (b. 1909)
- 1971 – David Sarnoff, Russian-born American General Manager of RCA (b. 1891)
- 1976 – Jack Cassidy, American actor (b. 1927)
- 1976 – Vinko Žganec, Croatian ethnomusicologist (b. 1890)
- 1977 – Baroness Spencer-Churchill, wife of Winston Churchill (b. 1885)
- 1978 – Fay Compton, English actress (b. 1894)
- 1980 – Jean Lesage, Canadian politician (b. 1912)
- 1983 – Amza Pellea, Romanian actor (b. 1931)
- 1985 – Anne Baxter, American actress (b. 1923)
- 1985 – Ian Stewart, Scottish musician (b. 1938)
- 1987 – Enrique Jorrín, Cuban musician and composer (b. 1926)
- 1988 – Anthony "Tony Pro" Provenzano, American Mafia figure (b. 1917)
- 1992 – Suzanne Lilar, Belgian essayist, novelist and playwright (b. 1901)
- 1993 – József Antall, Hungarian politician (b. 1932)
- 1994 – Stuart Roosa, American astronaut (b. 1933)
- 1994 – Donna J. Stone, American poet (b. 1933)
- 1996 – Vance Packard, American author (b. 1914)
- 1997 – Yevgeniy Landis, Russian mathematician (b. 1921)
- 1998 – Lawton Chiles, U.S. Senator from Florida and Governor of Florida (b. 1930)
- 1998 – Marco Denevi, Argentine writer (b. 1922)
- 1998 – Mo Udall, American politician (b. 1922)
- 1999 – Paul Cadmus, American artist (b. 1904)
- 1999 – Joseph Heller, American author (b. 1923)
- 2000 – George Montgomery, American actor (b. 1916)
- 2000 – Ndabaningi Sithole, Zimbabwean Nationalist politician (b. 1920)
- 2001 – Ardito Desio, Italian explorer, geologist and leader of the 1954 K2 expedition (b. 1897)
- 2001 – Jean Richard, French actor (b. 1921)
- 2002 – Dee Brown, American author (b. 1908)
- 2002 – Brad Dexter, American actor (b. 1917)
- 2002 – Jay Wesley Neill, American convicted murderer (b. 1965)
- 2003 – Heydar Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan (b. 1923)
- 2003 – Joseph Anthony Ferrario, American Catholic prelate (b. 1926)
- 2005 – Robert Newmyer, American film producer (b. 1956)
- 2005 – Gebran Tueni, Lebanese politician (b. 1957)
- 2005 – Annette Vadim, Danish actress (b. 1936)
- 2006 – Paul Arizin, American basketball player (b. 1928)
- 2006 – Peter Boyle, American actor (b. 1935)
- 2006 – Kenny Davern, American jazz clarinetist (b. 1935)
- 2006 – Raymond P. Shafer, 38th Governor of Pennsylvania (b. 1917)
- 2006 – Al Shugart, pioneering American computer engineer and co-founder of Seagate Technology (b. 1930)
- 2007 – Ike Turner, American musician (b. 1931)
- 2007 – Francois Hajj, Lebanese Army's chief of operations (b. 1953)
- 2008 – Avery Dulles, Roman Catholic Cardinal, theologian (b. 1918)
- 2008 – Van Johnson, American actor (b. 1916)
- 2008 – Tassos Papadopoulos, President of Cyprus (b. 1934)
- 2010 – Peter Pagel, German footballer (b. 1956)
- 2010 – Tom Walkinshaw, former racing driver and Formula One team owner (b. 1946)
Holidays and observances[link]
- Christian Feast Day:
- Edburga of Minster-in-Thanet
- Feast of the Apparition of Our Lady of Guadalupe (Mexico)
- Vicelinus
- Constitution Day (Russia)
- Feast of Masá'il ("Questions"), the first day of the 15th month of the Bahá'í calendar (Bahá'í Faith)
- Jamhuri Day, celebrates the independence of Kenya from Britain in 1963.
- Neutrality Day and Student Youth Day, celebrate the status of permanent positive neutrality recognized by the UN General Assembly Resolution on Permanent Neutrality of Turkmenistan on December 12, 1995 (Turkmenistan)
- Poinsettia Day (United States)
External links[link]
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_12
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
For other people with the same name, see Rick Ross (disambiguation) .
| Rick Ross | |
|---|---|
| Birth name | William Leonard Roberts II[1] |
| Born | (1976-01-28) January 28, 1976 (age 36) |
| Origin | Carol City, Florida, U.S. |
| Genres | Hip hop, Mafioso rap, pop |
| Occupations | Rapper |
| Years active | 2002–present[2] |
| Labels | Maybach Music Group, Def Jam Recordings |
| Associated acts | DJ Khaled, Stalley, Wale, Meek Mill, Diddy, Drake, Jay-Z, Lil Wayne, Birdman, French Montana, Omarion, Triple C's |
| Website | godforgivesidont.com |
William Leonard Roberts II (born January 28, 1976), better known by his stage name Rick Ross (often stylized as RICK RO$$), is an American rapper. He derived his stage name from the drug trafficker "Freeway" Ricky Ross, to whom he has no connection. Ross founded the record label Maybach Music Group, on which he released his studio albums Deeper Than Rap and Teflon Don, Ross was also the first artist signed to Diddy's management company Ciroc Entertainment. In early 2012, MTV named Ross as the Hottest MC In The Game.[3]
Contents |
Early life[link]
William Leonard Roberts II was born in Coahoma County, Mississippi.[1] and raised in Carol City, Florida, near Miami.[2] After graduating from Carol City Senior High School, he later attended the historically black college Albany State University on a football scholarship.[4]
Music career[link]
After being signed to Suave House Records, former label for rap duo 8Ball & MJG, he eventually signed a deal with Slip-n-Slide Records, which has been under the Def Jam umbrella since 2006. While signed to Slip-n-Slide, Ross toured with fellow rapper Trick Daddy and made guest performances on other Slip-n-Slide albums.[2]
[edit] Port of Miami (2006)
Main article: Port of Miami (album)
His debut album Port of Miami was released in August 2006 and debuted at the top spot on the Billboard 200 album chart, with sales at 187,000 units after its first week.[5][6] Christian Hoard of Rolling Stone magazine predicted that it would be "the summer's biggest rap record".[7] The second single was "Push It", which samples "Scarface (Push It to the Limit)", the theme song off the gangster film Scarface.[8] The music video for "Push It" was modeled after the film.[9] During that time, Ross made guest performances on two singles from DJ Khaled's debut Listennn... the Album: "Born-N-Raised" and "Holla at Me". Port of Miami received Gold certification from the Recording Industry Association of America on November 8, 2006.
[edit] Trilla (2008)
Main article: Trilla
In March 2008, his second album Trilla was released and, as its predecessor Port of Miami had, debuted at the top of the Billboard 200.[10] Its lead single "Speedin'" featuring R. Kelly peaked at #121 on the Billboard Hot 100; the next one, "The Boss" featuring T-Pain peaked at #17 on the Hot 100. The third single "Here I Am" featured Nelly and Avery Storm.[11] MTV News ranked Ross on the fourth spot in its 2008 "Hottest MCs In The Game" list among ten rappers.[12] The fourth single "This Is The Life" featured Trey Songz and was released in July.
[edit] Deeper Than Rap (2009)
Main article: Deeper Than Rap
"I look at the game and the business and all different aspects, it's a lot of great lyricists on the corner that will never properly understand the business and know how to market themselves and get in a position where they can gain capital. I look at all the strategies people use and what made them successful. What made Birdman just as relevant today after selling 50 million records? That intrigues me. To see the class of Jay-Z, his accomplishments and see how he sits backs and accurately makes his moves."[13]
A track from the album called "Valley of Death" was what stood out to MTV reporters. In the song, Ross speaks briefly on his controversial stint as a prison guard. "Keep it trilla, nigga, never had a gun and badge," which he stresses, leaving the word that he was indeed an officer of the law. "Kept a nice watch, smoking on a hundred sack/ Back in the day I sold crack for some nice kicks/ Skippin' school, I saw my friend stabbed with an ice pick/ Can't criticize niggas trying to get jobs/ Better get smart, young brother, live yours." Later, he implies that while he was working as a corrections officer, he was on the streets. "Only lived once and I got two kids/ And for me to feed them, I'll get two gigs," he raps. "I'll shovel shit, I'll C.O./ So we can bow our heads and pray over the meatloaf." Although, he still provided no explanation for lying about being a C.O. to begin with, nor did he explain why he failed to pay child support for his children.[14][15]
The cover of the May 2009 issue of XXL magazine, titled "Rick Ross Up in Smoke", featured Ross wearing a pair of Louis Vuitton sunglasses. After publication, a spokesperson for the luxury-goods maker contacted XXL to inform them that Ross was sporting fake sunglasses in the cover image.[16] It was later revealed that the rapper was wearing authentic Louis Vuitton sunglasses which were altered by Jacob Bernstein, known as "The Sunglass Pimp". Bernstein defended his customizations despite Louis Vuitton's insistence that such modification and resale of trademarked property is not legal.[17]
[edit] Teflon Don and other works (2010)
Main article: Teflon Don (album)
Rick Ross released his fourth studio album entitled Teflon Don, which was released on July 6, 2010. The lead is "Super High" featuring Ne-Yo. Actress Stacey Dash made an appearance in the music video. A second official single was released titled "Live Fast, Die Young" which features and is produced by Kanye West. The album debuted at #2 on the Billboard 200 selling 176,000 copies in its first week.
In November 2010, rapper and frequent collabourator, Diddy, who in 2009 signed Ross to a management deal with his Ciroc Entertainment, announced from his YouTube account, that him and Ross are working on an EP together, which is going to be released in 2011.[dated info] A single has been released for the project, called "Another One".[18]
[edit] God Forgives, I Don't (2011 - present)
Rick Ross had also announced the release of his next album, "God Forgives, I Don't", for December 13, 2011, however it was confirmed on November 17, 2011 it has been pushed back for release in 2012.[19][20]
Rick Ross premiered two songs from his new album "God Forgives, I Don't", titled "You The Boss" and "I Love My Bitches".[21]
Along with his music projects, Rick Ross was nominated by The Source as its "Man of the Year".[22]
Rick Ross performed at BET Awards 2011, which aired on June 26, 2011.[23] He also received a nomination for Best Male Hip Hop Artist.[24] In early 2012, Ross was named the Hottest MC In The Game.[3]
Personal life[link]
Correctional officer photos[link]
In July 2008, The Smoking Gun produced details linking Ross' social security number to an eighteen month stint as a correctional officer at the South Florida Reception Center, along with a photograph purporting to be Ross in his correctional officer uniform.[25] Ross initially denied that the photograph was of him;[26] after overwhelming evidence of his past came into the public's eye, Ross later admitted that he did work as a correctional officer in Florida during the early 1990s.[27] In a 2008 interview with AllHipHop.com,[28] "Freeway" Ricky Ross, claimed offense that Roberts used his name and identity when he learned that The Smoking Gun posted documents revealing Roberts' previous employment as a Florida correctional officer.[29]
Legal issues[link]
In January 2008, Ross was arrested on gun and marijuana charges. During a deposition of Officer Rey Hernandez, a Miami Beach cop who arrested Ross, Ross's lawyer, Allan Zamren, asked Hernandez why Ross’s case was assigned to the gang task force. The officer stated that it was because Ross claimed affiliation with Carol City Cartel and other known gang members. Zamren then pressed Hernandez for a personal link between Ross and the gang members, but ultimately one could not be established.[30]
In August 2008, YouTube entertainer DJ Vlad filed a lawsuit against Ross for assault and battery. Vlad claimed Ross organized an ambush on him at the 2008 Ozone Awards in Houston, Texas for asking questions about his past as a correctional officer.[31]
On June 18, 2010, Freeway Ricky Ross sued Rick Ross for using his name,[32] filing a copyright infringement lawsuit in a California Federal Court.[32] Jay-Z had been called to testify in the lawsuit, as he was CEO of Def Jam when Ross/Roberts was signed.[32] The reformed drug kingpin was looking for 10 million dollars in the lawsuit.[32] Also, the release of his album, Teflon Don, was threatened to be blocked by Freeway Ricky Ross. A week after the filing of the lawsuit, Rick Ross responded to the charges: "It’s like owning a restaurant, you’re gonna have a few slip and falls. You get lawsuits, you deal with them, and get them out your way…sometimes you lose."[33] He then denied rumors that he would change his name to "Ricky Rozay" as a consequence of the lawsuit. The lawsuit was thrown out of court on July 3, 2010[34] and his album, Teflon Don, was released on July 20 as scheduled.
On March 26, 2011, Ross was arrested in Shreveport for possession of marijuana. According to the police records, a strong odor of marijuana was detected from his room at the Hilton in Downtown Shreveport.[35]
Religion[link]
Rick Ross is a Christian,[36] and in an interview with Corey "Coco Brother" Condrey on Lift Every Voice, he indicated that "I had told myself at one point no matter what I go through, I never question God."[37] In addition, Ross indicated that he prays every time he goes on stage to perform.[38]
Seizures[link]
On October 14, 2011 Rick Ross suffered two seizures in the same day, once in the morning and once again early evening. Following the morning seizure, he was unconscious and CPR was being performed. He did, however, post a video to his Twitter account later in the day saying that he was OK.[citation needed] Ross boarded another plane later in the day and suffered another seizure. On October 14, the University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital confirmed that Ross had been admitted to the emergency room. TMZ, who first reported the seizure, updated their story originally posted at 4:45 PST, stating that Ross was in stable condition.[citation needed]
Feud with 50 Cent[link]
In January 2009, Ross started a feud with rapper 50 Cent because he supposedly looked at him the wrong way at the BET Awards. 50 Cent told news sources that he did not remember seeing Ross there.[39] In late January, "Mafia Music", by Ross, leaked onto the Internet. There were several lines that seemed to diss 50 Cent. Days later, 50 Cent released "Officer Ricky (Go Head, Try Me)" in response to Ross's disparaging remarks on his "Mafia Music" song.
Before going to Venezuela, 50 Cent uploaded a video entitled "Warning Shot," wherein he stated: "Rick Ross- I'mma fuck your life up for fun." In addition, 50 Cent released the first of a series of "Officer Ricky" cartoons. Early in February, 50 Cent once again made a video which he uploaded to YouTube in which he interviewed "Tia", the mother of one of Ross's children. She verifies that he was a correctional officer and claims his whole persona is fake and fraudulent.[40] On Thursday, February 5, 2009, Game, who 50 Cent has a long-standing "beef" with, called up Seattle R&B station KUBE. When asked about the beef between 50 Cent and Ross, Game sided with 50 Cent and said that things are not looking good for Ross. He offered to help, stating, "Rick Ross, holla at your boy, man," and, "50 eating you, boy."[41] On his album Deeper Than Rap, Ross references 50 Cent in the song "In Cold Blood". A video for the song was released that portrayed 50 Cent's mock funeral. Upon release, Ross stated that he has ended 50 Cent's career.[42] That same day Ross released a new diss track called "Push 'Em Over The Edge". The next day 50 Cent released the controversial video "A Psychic Told Me", dissing DJ Khaled. On February 12, 50 Cent responded with "Tia Told Me", along with Lloyd Banks' response "Officer Down" and Tony Yayo's "Somebody Snitched".
In an interview, 50 Cent said Ross is "Albert From CB4. You ever seen the movie? He's Albert," he added. "It never gets worse than this. You get a guy that was a correctional officer come out and base his entire career on writing material from a drug dealer's perspective."[43]
Discography[link]
Main article: Rick Ross discography
Solo albums[link]
- 2006: Port of Miami
- 2008: Trilla
- 2009: Deeper Than Rap
- 2010: Teflon Don
- 2012: God Forgives, I Don't [20]
Maybach Music Group Albums[link]
- 2011: Self Made Vol. 1 (with Maybach Music Group)
- 2012: Self Made Vol. 2 (with Maybach Music Group)[44]
Collaboration albums[link]
- 2009: Custom Cars & Cycles (with Triple C's)
- TBA: Bugatti Boyz (with Diddy)[45][46]
Compilation albums[link]
- 2007: Rise to Power
References[link]
- ^ a b Birth certificate of William Roberts (Rick Ross) as scanned by The Smoking Gun
- ^ a b c Cordor, Cyril. "Rick Ross Biography". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/rick-ross-p736150/biography. Retrieved April 1, 2011. "During the early to mid-2000s, he became popular and well known locally through touring with Trick Daddy and guest-appearing on a few Slip-N-Slide releases, but didn't release any solo material until 2006."
- ^ a b "Rick Ross: #1 Hottest MC In The Game". Rap Radar. 2012-02-19. http://rapradar.com/2012/02/19/rick-ross-1-hottest-mc-in-the-game/. Retrieved 2012-03-30.
- ^ Handelsman, Jason (January 10, 2008). "Rick Ross Spins a New One". Miami New Times. http://miaminewtimes.com/2008-01-10/music/rick-ross-spins-a-new-one/full. Retrieved May 24, 2008.
- ^ Harris, Chris (August 16, 2006). "Rick Ross Sails Past Breaking Benjamin, Takes Port Of Miami To #1". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1538669/20060816/ross__rick__rap_.jhtml. Retrieved May 24, 2008.
- ^ "Port of Miami – Charts & Awards". Allmusic. 2006. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r847767.
- ^ Hoard, Christian (June 1, 2006). "Rick Ross, Miami's Latest Hip-Hop Phenom". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on April 2, 2009. http://replay.waybackmachine.org/20090402121857/http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/10464338/a_primer_on_rick_ross_miamis_latest_hiphop_phenom.
- ^ Moss, Corey (July 18, 2006). "Rick Ross Ready to 'Blow' Up When He Docks At Port Of Miami In August". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1536628/20060718/ross__rick__rap_.jhtml. Retrieved May 24, 2008.
- ^ Reid, Shaheem (July 26, 2006). "A Newcomer 10 Years In The Making: Rick Ross Gets Help From Jay-Z, Akon On First LP". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1537187/20060726/ross__rick__rap_.jhtml. Retrieved May 24, 2008.
- ^ Reid, Shaheem (March 19, 2008). "Rick Ross On #1 Trilla Beating Out Snoop, Fat Joe: 'I Told Them We Bossin' Up'". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1583694/20080319/ross__rick__rap_.jhtml. Retrieved May 24, 2008.
- ^ Reid, Shaheem (May 20, 2008). "Rick Ross Talks About Tiger Attack – Seriously! – On The Set Of His 'Here I Am' Video". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1587800/20080520/ross__rick__rap_.jhtml. Retrieved May 24, 2008.
- ^ "'Hottest MCs In The Game': Rick Ross Bosses Up To #4". MTV News. May 16, 2008. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1587657/20080516/ross__rick__rap_.jhtml. Retrieved July 7, 2008.
- ^ Rick Ross Is 'Competing For The Throne' With Deeper Than Rap, mtv.com
- ^ Rick Ross Justifies Prison-Guard Past In New Track – Listen Here, mtv.com
- ^ Rick Ross' 'Valley Of Death' Was Intended For Jay-Z, mtv.com
- ^ Kaufman, Gil (May 12, 2009). "Rick Ross Called Out For Fake Louis Vuitton Sunglasses On XXL Cover". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1611166/20090512/ross__rick__rap_.jhtml. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
- ^ J.R. (May 15, 2009). "Rick Ross’ Louis Vuitton Rumor Slammed By The ‘Sunglass Pimp’". HipHopRX. http://www.hiphoprx.com/2009/05/15/rick-ross-louis-vuitton-rumor-slammed-by-the-sunglass-pimp/. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
- ^ Roberts II, William L. (October 12, 2010). "Bugatti Boyz (Diddy & Rick Ross) – Another One". http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dv24FRQ6JvI. Retrieved October 17, 2010.
- ^ "New Music: Rick Ross f/ Drake – ‘Made Men’". Rap-Up.com. http://www.rap-up.com/2011/01/04/new-music-rick-ross-f-drake-made-men/. Retrieved March 2, 2011.
- ^ a b Jacobs, Allen (2011-11-17). "Rick Ross Officially Delays "God Forgives, I Don't" To 2012 | Get The Latest Hip Hop News, Rap News & Hip Hop Album Sales". HipHop DX. http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.17650/title.rick-ross-officially-delays-god-forgives-i-dont-to-2012. Retrieved 2012-03-30.
- ^ celebpromoter. "Ricky Ross Premieres 2 New Songs from God Forgives I Don’t". Celebpromoter.com. http://celebpromoter.com/rick-ross-nicki-minaj-just-blaze/. Retrieved 2012-03-30.
- ^ Rick Ross Named The Source's Man Of The Year
- ^ "Rick Ross Performing at BET Awards 2011". http://www.bet.com/shows/bet-awards/2011/performers/rick-ross.html.
- ^ "Best Male Hip Hop Artist | BET Awards". BET. http://www.bet.com/shows/bet-awards/2011/nominees/best-male-hip-hop-artist.html. Retrieved November 21, 2011.
- ^ Kuperstein, Slava (July 21, 2008). "Rick Ross Exposed By TheSmokingGun.com". HipHopDX.com. http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.7356/title.rick-ross-exposed-by-thesmokinggun-com.
- ^ Reid, Shaheem (July 22, 2008). "Rick Ross Reaffirms Gangster Past In New Freestyle, Despite Report That He Worked As Prison Guard". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1591284/20080722/ross__rick__rap_.jhtml. Retrieved August 5, 2008.
- ^ Burgess, Omar (October 7, 2008). "Rock Ross Admits Correctional Officer past". Hip Hop DX. http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.7847/title.rick-ross-admits-correctional-officer-past. Retrieved December 6, 2008.
- ^ Freeway Ricky Ross: Name Check – AllHipHop.com
- ^ Screw Rick Ross – TheSmokingGun.com
- ^ "Rick Ross' Own Lawyer De-Values". Highbridnation.com. February 10, 2009. http://highbridnation.com/2009/02/10/rick-ross-own-lawyer-de-values-his-gangsta/. Retrieved March 24, 2009.
- ^ Kaufman, Gil (August 15, 2008). "DJ Vlad Files $4 Million Lawsuit Against Rick Ross Over Alleged Ozone Awards Beatdown". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1592890/20080815/ross__rick__rap_.jhtml.
- ^ a b c d Harling, Danielle. "Freeway Rick Ross files lawsuit". http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.11543/title.freeway-ricky-ross-files-lawsuit-against-rapper-rick-ross. Retrieved 25 June 2010.
- ^ Strong, Bostick, Nolan, Octavia. "Rapper Rick Ross Gets Legal Victory, Replies To $10 Mil Lawsuit". http://allhiphop.com/stories/news/archive/2010/07/02/22284307.aspx. Retrieved 12 September 2010.
- ^ Johnson, Bill. "Freeway Ricky Ross’ Lawsuit Against Rick Ross Thrown Out". http://theurbandaily.com/gossip-news/billjohnson/freeway-ricky-ross-lawsuit-against-rick-ross-thrown-out/. Retrieved 12 September 2010.
- ^ Clemons, Tracy (March 26, 2011). "Rapper and NFL star separately arrested in Shreveport". ksla.com. http://www.ksla.com/Global/story.asp?S=14326804. Retrieved 2011-03-27.
- ^ "Ignorance or Blasphemy?" (in English). The Christian Post. 17 January 2012. http://breathecast.christianpost.com/Christian.Music.News-Ignorance.or.Blasphemy.Secular.Rapper.Makes.Degrading.Song.About.the.Holy.Ghost/2_5837.htm. Retrieved 30 April 2012. "The first verse of the song depicts Ross, a self proclaimed Christian, relishing in the riches of sitting in his expensive Bugatti as he makes a drug deal."
- ^ "Rick Ross - Interview On A Christian TV Show" (in English). Rap Basement. 2012. http://www.rapbasement.com/videos/49967/Rick-Ross-Interview-On-A-Christian-TV-Show.html. Retrieved 30 April 2012. "I had told myself at one point no matter what I go through, I never question God."
- ^ "Rick Ross - Interview On A Christian TV Show" (in English). Rap Basement. 2012. http://www.rapbasement.com/videos/49967/Rick-Ross-Interview-On-A-Christian-TV-Show.html. Retrieved 30 April 2012. "Every time I go on stage, you know what I'm saying, I say a prayer."
- ^ "How feud Started Rick Ross and 50 Cent". Vide.com. February 7, 2009. http://www.vibe.com/news/news_headlines/2009/01/50_cent_vs_rick_ross_video/. Retrieved March 16, 2009.
- ^ HipHopDX.com – 50 Cent – Interviews Rick Ross' Baby Mama. HipHopDX.com. Accessed February 2, 2008.
- ^ Game Takes Sides In 50 Cent
- ^ Rick Ross Buries 50 Cent In 'Cold Blood'
- ^ 50 Cent Says Rick Ross Is ‘Gusto From CB4′, Laughs Off Ross’ Sales Predictions BallerStatus.com
- ^ Kuperstein, Slava (2011-10-06). "Rick Ross Talks Working With Just Blaze, "Self Made, Vol. 2" | Get The Latest Hip Hop News, Rap News & Hip Hop Album Sales". HipHop DX. http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.17134/title.rick-ross-talks-working-with-just-blaze-self-made-vol-2. Retrieved 2012-03-30.
- ^ Combs, Sean (October 11, 2010). "Bugatti boyz announcement". http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6lcV5J887w4. Retrieved October 17, 2010.
- ^ Combs, Sean (October 12, 2010). "Another one. coming soon". http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UMtmnSc6Qxc. Retrieved October 17, 2010.
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Rick Ross |
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Ross, Rick |
| Alternative names | Roberts, William Leonard II |
| Short description | American rapper |
| Date of birth | January 28, 1976 |
| Place of birth | Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
