Edward Samuel Miliband (born 24 December 1969) is a
British Labour Party politician, currently the
Leader of the Labour Party and
Leader of the Opposition. He has been the
Member of Parliament (MP) for the
South Yorkshire constituency of
Doncaster North since
2005 and served in
the Cabinet from 2007 to 2010 under
Prime Minister Gordon Brown.
Born in London, Miliband graduated from the University of Oxford and the London School of Economics, becoming first a television journalist and then a Labour Party researcher, before rising to become one of Chancellor Gordon Brown's confidants and Chairman of HM Treasury's Council of Economic Advisers.
As Prime Minister, Gordon Brown appointed Miliband as Minister for the Cabinet Office and Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster on 28 June 2007. He was subsequently promoted to the new post of Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change, a position he held from 3 October 2008 to 12 May 2010. On 25 September 2010, he was elected Leader of the Labour Party.
Background and early life
Born in London, Miliband is the younger son of
Polish Jewish immigrants. His mother, Marion Kozak, survived the
Holocaust thanks to being
protected by Roman Catholic Poles. His father
Ralph Miliband was a
Marxist and
Brussels native whose parents were from
Warsaw, Poland, and fled Belgium to the UK during
World War II. As a teenager, he reviewed films and plays on
LBC Radio's ''Young London'' programme as one of its "Three O'Clock Reviewers", and worked as an intern to
Tony Benn.
Education
Miliband was educated at Primrose Hill
Primary School,
Camden and then
Haverstock Comprehensive School in
Chalk Farm,
North London. He was a violinist at school. After completing his
A Levels, Miliband read
Philosophy, Politics and Economics at
Corpus Christi College, Oxford, taking a
Bachelor of Arts, followed by the
London School of Economics, where he obtained a Masters in Economics.
Early political career
Special Adviser
After a brief career in television journalism, Miliband became a speechwriter and researcher for
Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury Harriet Harman in 1993, and then for
Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer Gordon Brown the following year. In
1997, following Labour's landslide election victory, Miliband was appointed as one of Gordon Brown's
special advisers.
In 1999, Miliband was involved in the process of building Labour's manifesto for the forthcoming Scottish Parliament elections. Initially doing so in an informal capacity, he was spotted leaving the Scottish Labour Party's headquarters on the night that a key policy meeting was held, involving the Scottish Secretary Donald Dewar and senior party officials, to consider the party's election strategy and details of Labour's manifesto. As a result, Miliband resigned from his post as a Special Adviser at the Treasury, to work on the Scottish election campaign full-time. It was reported that part of Miliband's Scottish role was to take charge of Labour's rebuttal operation.
Harvard
On 25 July 2002, it was announced that Miliband would take a 12-month unpaid
sabbatical from the Treasury to be a
visiting scholar at the Centre for European Studies of
Harvard University for two semesters. He spent his time at Harvard teaching economics, and stayed there after September 2003 teaching a course titled "What's Left? The Politics of Social Justice". He was granted "access" to
Senator John Kerry and reported to Brown on the Presidential hopeful's progress. In January 2004 he was appointed chairman of
HM Treasury's Council of Economic Advisers, directing the UK's long-term economic planning.
Member of Parliament
In early 2005, Miliband resigned from the Treasury to stand for election.
Kevin Hughes, then the Labour MP for
Doncaster North, announced in February of that year that he would be standing down at the next election due to being diagnosed with
motor neurone disease. Miliband applied for selection to be the Labour candidate in the safe Labour seat and won, beating off a close challenge from
Michael Dugher, then a special advisor to
Defence Secretary Geoff Hoon.
Gordon Brown visited Doncaster North during the general election campaign to support his former adviser. Miliband was elected to
Parliament on
5 May 2005, with over 50% of the vote and a majority of 12,656. He made his
maiden speech in the
House of Commons on 23 May, responding to comments made by future
Speaker John Bercow. In
Tony Blair's cabinet reshuffle in May 2006, he was made the
Parliamentary Secretary to the
Cabinet Office, with responsibility for the so-called Third Sector, relating to voluntary and charity organisations, for which a new Office had been created.
During his time as an MP, Miliband has consistently voted with the party line in over 1,600 votes. In March 2007, however, Miliband voted for Composition Options 4,5, and 6 (50%, 60% and 80% elected respectively) for House of Lords reform against the whip.
Cabinet
In June 2007, when Brown became Prime Minister, Miliband was sworn of the
Privy Council and appointed
Minister for the Cabinet Office and
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and promoted to the Cabinet. This meant that he and his brother
David Miliband became the first brothers to serve in
Cabinet since
Edward and
Oliver Stanley in 1938. He was given the task of drafting Labour's manifesto for the
next general election.
On 3 October 2008, Miliband was promoted to Secretary of State for the newly-created Department of Energy and Climate Change in a Cabinet reshuffle. On 16 October, Miliband announced that the British government would legislate to oblige itself to cut greenhouse emissions by 80% by 2050, rather than the 60% cut in carbon dioxide emissions previously announced.
Whilst Secretary of State, Miliband attended ''The Age of Stupid'' UK premiere where he was ambushed by Pete Postlethwaite who threatened to return his OBE and vote for any party other than Labour, if the Kingsnorth coal-fired power station was given the go-ahead by the government. A month later the Government announced a change to its policy on coal – no new coal-fired power station will get government consent unless it can capture and bury 25% of the emissions it produces immediately – and 100% of emissions by 2025. This, a source told ''the Guardian'', represented “a complete rewrite of UK energy policy”.
Miliband represented the UK at the 2009 Copenhagen Summit, from which emerged a global commitment to provide an additional $10bn a year to fight the effects of climate change, with an additional $100bn a year provided by 2020. The conference was not able to achieve a legally-binding agreement. Miliband accused China of deliberately foiling attempts at a binding agreement; China explicitly denied this, accusing British politicians of engaging in a "political scheme".
During 2009, Miliband was named by the ''Daily Telegraph'' as one of the "saints" of the expenses scandal, for claiming one of the lowest amounts of expenses in the House of Commons.
Leadership of the Labour Party
Leadership election
Following the
formation of the coalition government on 11 May 2010,
Gordon Brown resigned as Prime Minister and Leader of the Labour Party with immediate effect, with
Deputy Leader Harriet Harman taking over as Acting Leader. On 14 May 2010, following his brother's announcement of his own candidacy the day earlier, Miliband announced that he would stand as a candidate for the
leadership of the Labour Party. He launched his campaign during a speech given at a
Fabian Society conference at the
School of Oriental and African Studies and was nominated by 62 fellow Labour MPs. The other candidates were
Diane Abbott,
Ed Balls,
Andy Burnham and his elder brother
David Miliband.
On 23 May, former Labour Leader Neil Kinnock announced that he would endorse Miliband's campaign to become the next Leader, saying that he had "the capacity to inspire people" and that he had "strong values and the ability to 'lift' people". Other senior Labour figures who backed Miliband included former Deputy Leaders Roy Hattersley and Margaret Beckett. By 9 June, the deadline for entry into the Labour leadership contest, Miliband had been nominated by just over 24% of the Parliamentary Labour Party, double the amount required. By September, Miliband had received the support of six Trade Unions, including both Unite and UNISON, 151 of the Constituency Labour Parties, three affiliated socialist societies, and half of the Labour MEPs.
Ed Miliband won the election, the result of which was announced on 25 September 2010, after third and fourth preferences votes were counted, with the support of 50.654% of the electoral college, defeating his brother by 1.3%. In the fourth, and final stage of the redistribution of votes after three candidates had been eliminated, Ed Miliband led in the trade unions and affiliated organisations third of the electoral college (19.93% of the total to David's 13.40%), but in both the MPs and MEPs section (15.52% to 17.81%), and constituency Labour parties section (15.20% to 18.14%), came second. In the final round, Ed Miliband won with a total of 175,519 votes to David's 147,220 votes.
Leader of the Opposition
On becoming Leader of the Labour Party on 25 September 2010, Miliband also became
Leader of the Opposition. At the age of 40, he was the youngest Labour Leader since
World War II. He had his first
Prime Minister's Questions as Labour Leader on 13 October 2010, raising questions about the government's announced removal of a non-
means tested child benefit. During the
2011 military intervention in Libya, Miliband supported UK military action against
Colonel Gaddafi. Miliband spoke at a large "
March for the Alternative" rally held in London on 26 March 2011 to protest against cuts to public spending, though he was criticised by some for comparing it to the anti-apartheid and American civil rights movements.
Miliband's first electoral tests as Labour Leader came in the elections to the Scottish Parliament, Welsh Assembly and various councils across England, excluding London on 5 May 2011. The results for Labour were described as a "mixed bag", with the party performing well in Wales – falling just one seat short of an overall majority and forming the next Welsh Government on its own – and making large gains from the Liberal Democrats in northern councils, including Sheffield, Leeds, Liverpool and Manchester. Results were less encouraging in the south of England however, and results in Scotland were described as a "disaster", with Labour losing nine seats to the SNP, which went on to gain the Parliament's first ever majority. Miliband commented positively in regard to the results and said that following the poor showings in Scotland "lessons must still be learnt".
A June 2011 poll result from Ipsos MORI found Labour 2 percentage points ahead of the Tories, but Miliband's personal rating was low; he was rated as less popular than Iain Duncan Smith at a similar stage in his opposition leadership."
In July 2011, following the revelation that the News of the World had paid private investigators to hack into the phones of Milly Dowler, as well as the families of murder victims and deceased servicemen, Miliband called for News International chief executive Rebekah Brooks to resign, urged David Cameron to establish a public and judicial-led inquiry into the scandal and announced that he would force a Commons vote on whether to block the News International bid for a controlling stake in BSkyB. He also called for the Press Complaints Commission to be abolished - which would later be echoed by both Cameron and Nick Clegg - and called into question Cameron's judgement in hiring former News of the World editor Andy Coulson to be his director of communications. Cameron would later take the rare and unusual step of saying that the government would back Miliband's opposition motion that the BSkyB bid should be dropped, and just an hour before Miliband's motion was due to be debated, News International announced that it would drop its bid for BSkyB.
Following the riots in England in August 2011, Miliband called for a public inquiry into the events, and insisted that society had "to avoid simplistic answers". The call for an inquiry was later rejected by David Cameron, prompting Miliband to say that he would set up his own inquiry in the absence of a government one. In a BBC Radio 4 interview shortly after the riots, Miliband spoke of an irresponsibility that not only applied to the people involved in the riots, but "wherever we find it in our society. We've seen in the past few years...MPs' expenses, what happened in the banks". Miliband also stated Labour didn't do enough to tackle moral problems during their thirteen years in office.
Shadow Cabinet appointments
The first
election to the Shadow Cabinet that took place under Miliband's leadership was on 7 October 2010. Ending days of speculation,
David Miliband announced that he would not seek election to the Shadow Cabinet on 29 September, the day nominations closed, saying he wanted to avoid "constant comparison" with his brother Ed. The three other defeated candidates for the Labour leadership all stood in the election, though
Diane Abbott failed to win enough votes to gain a place. Following the election, Miliband unveiled his
Shadow Cabinet on 8 October 2010. Amongst others he appointed
Alan Johnson as
Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer,
Yvette Cooper was chosen as
Shadow Foreign Secretary, and both defeated Labour leadership candidates
Ed Balls and
Andy Burnham were given senior roles, becoming
Shadow Home Secretary and
Shadow Education Secretary respectively. Burnham was additionally given responsibility for overseeing Labour's election co-ordination.
Sadiq Khan, who managed Miliband's successful leadership campaign, was appointed
Shadow Justice Secretary and
Shadow Lord Chancellor, and continuing
Deputy Leader Harriet Harman continued to shadow
Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg, as well as being made
Shadow International Development Secretary. Alan Johnson would later resign from his position, stepping down for "personal reasons" on 20 January 2011, necessitating Miliband's first reshuffle, in which he made Balls Shadow Chancellor, Cooper Shadow Home Secretary and
Douglas Alexander Shadow Foreign Secretary.
On 24 June 2011, it was reported that Miliband was seeking to change the decades-old rule that Labour's Shadow Cabinet would be elected every two years, instead wanting to adopt a system where he alone had the authority to select its members. Miliband later confirmed the story, claiming that the rule represented "a legacy of Labour's past in opposition". On 5 July, Labour MPs voted overwhelmingly to back the rule change, paving the way for NEC and Conference approval. This change will allow Miliband to be the first Leader of the Labour Party to have the authority to pick his own Shadow Cabinet, though he indicated that he would not be using the new powers to reshuffle his Shadow Cabinet "any time soon".
Policies and views
Self-description of views
Miliband has described himself as a new type of Labour politician, looking to move beyond the divisiveness of
Blairism and
Brownism, and calling for an end to the "factionalism and psychodramas" of Labour's past. He has also repeatedly spoken of the requirement for a "new politics". During the Labour leadership campaign, he described himself as a
socialist, and has spoken out against some of the actions of the
Blair Government, including criticising its record on civil liberties and stating that he would not have backed the
Iraq War. He has also made calls for the UK to adopt a "capitalism that works for the people". Though he wasn't in Parliament at the time of the 2003 vote, he remains a strong critic of the
Iraq War. He has, however, backed UK military action and intervention in
Afghanistan and
Libya respectively. He also backs
gay marriage, supports making the UK's 50p top rate of tax permanent, as well as the institution of a new
financial transaction tax, mutualising
Northern Rock, putting limits on top salaries, scrapping
tuition fees in favour of a
graduate tax, implementing a
living wage policy and the
scrapping of the ID cards policy, and has spoken in favour of a "National Care Service" scheme, in effect nationalising
elderly care in a manner similar to the
NHS. Though Labour remained officially neutral, he in a personal capacity supported the ultimately unsuccessful
"Yes to AV" campaign in the
Alternative Vote referendum on 5 May 2011, saying that it would benefit Britain's "progressive majority".
Comments on other politicians
Miliband has criticised
Conservative Leader and
Prime Minister David Cameron for "sacrificing everything on the altar of deficit reduction", and has accused him of being guilty of practising "old politics", citing alleged broken promises on areas such as crime, policing and child benefit.
Miliband has also been particularly critical of Liberal Democrat Leader and Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg following the Conservative-Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement, accusing him of "betrayal" and of "selling-out" his party's voters. He has also stated that he would demand the resignation of Nick Clegg as a precursor to any future Labour-Liberal Democrat coalition. In the 2011 Alternative Vote referendum, Miliband refused to share a platform with Clegg, stating that he had become "too toxic" a brand, and that he would harm the "Yes to AV" campaign. He did, however, share platforms during the campaign with former Lib Dem Leaders Lord Ashdown and Charles Kennedy, as well as current Lib Dem Deputy Leader Simon Hughes, the Green Party Leader Caroline Lucas and Business Secretary Vince Cable, among others. Since becoming Labour Leader, Miliband has made a number of speeches aimed at winning over disaffected Liberal Democrats, identifying a difference between the "Orange Book" Lib Dems who were closer to the Conservatives and Lib Dems who were on the centre-left, offering the latter a role in helping Labour's policy review.
Miliband has previously spoken positively of his brother David, praising his record as Foreign Secretary, and saying that "his door was always open" following David's decision not to stand for the Shadow Cabinet in 2010. When asked to choose the greatest British Prime Minister, Miliband answered with Labour's post-war Prime Minister and longest-serving Leader, Clement Attlee. He has also spoken positively of his two immediate predecessors as Labour Leader, former Prime Ministers Tony Blair and Gordon Brown, praising their leadership and records in government.
Personal life
Miliband married
Justine Thornton, a
Cambridge-educated barrister, on 27 May 2011 in a civil ceremony at the Langar Hall Hotel near
Nottingham. After the civil ceremony Miliband paid tribute to his Jewish heritage with the tradition of
breaking a glass. They met in 2002, were engaged in March 2010, and live together in North London. They have two sons – Daniel Miliband, born 2009, and Samuel Miliband, born 2010. Miliband is Jewish, but not religious.
Styles
Ed Miliband Esq (1969–2005)
Ed Miliband MP (2005–2007)
The Rt Hon Ed Miliband MP (2007–present)
References
External links
Ed Miliband, MP for Doncaster North ''official constituency site''
Ed Miliband at Labour.org.uk
Ed Miliband collected news and commentary at ''The London Evening Standard''
Ed Miliband collected news and commentary at ''The Telegraph''
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
! colspan="3" style="background:#cfc;" | Order of precedence in Northern Ireland
Category:1969 births
Category:Living people
Category:Alumni of Corpus Christi College, Oxford
Category:Alumni of the London School of Economics
Category:British people of Jewish descent
Category:British Secretaries of State
Category:Chancellors of the Duchy of Lancaster
Category:Labour Party (UK) MPs
Category:Leaders of the Labour Party (UK)
Category:Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
Category:Members of the United Kingdom Parliament for English constituencies
Category:Politics of Doncaster
Category:British people of Polish descent
Category:UK MPs 2005–2010
Category:UK MPs 2010–
ar:إد ميلباند
az:Ed Milibənd
br:Ed Miliband
ca:Ed Miliband
cs:Ed Miliband
cy:Ed Miliband
da:Ed Miliband
de:Ed Miliband
et:Ed Miliband
el:Εντ Μίλιμπαντ
es:Ed Miliband
fa:اد میلیبند
fr:Ed Miliband
ga:Ed Miliband
ko:에드 밀리밴드
hy:Էդ Միլիբենդ
it:Ed Miliband
he:אד מיליבנד
la:Eduardus Miliband
hu:Ed Miliband
nl:Ed Miliband
ja:エド・ミリバンド
no:Ed Miliband
pl:Ed Miliband
pt:Ed Miliband
ru:Милибэнд, Эд
simple:Ed Miliband
fi:Ed Miliband
sv:Ed Miliband
ta:எட் மிலிபாண்ட்
tr:Ed Miliband
zh:文立彬