Tim Kaine

Wednesday, 30 January 2013

Tim Kaine wins highly contested Virginia Senate seat

Decision 2012: Tim Kaine acceptance speech

Former Gov. Tim Kaine Stops by NewsHour Skybox

Former Gov. Tim Kaine: 'Democrats Get Results'

Senator Tim Kaine 'Heartened' by Bipartisan Budget Solutions

Heidi Heitkamp, Mazie Hirono, and Tim Kaine sworn in as US Senators

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Creigh Deeds
Robert Creigh Deeds ( /ˈkriː/; born January 4, 1958) is an American politician who was the Democratic nominee for Governor of Virginia in 2009. He also ran in the 2005 race for Attorney General of Virginia. He was defeated in both of the above races by Bob McDonnell. Deeds lost by just 323 votes in 2005, but was defeated by a wide margin of almost 18 percentage points in 2009. He was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1992 to 2001 and has served in the Senate of Virginia since December 2001.
Deeds was born on January 4, 1958 in Richmond, Virginia and was named after confederate war hero, David Creigh. His family moved early in his life to Bath County. After graduating from high school, Deeds enrolled in Concord College. He then entered the Wake Forest University School of Law, from which he received his Juris Doctor in 1984.
A Washington Post article published April 12, 2010 revealed that Deeds and his wife Pam had divorced as of February 4, (as the Washington Post described) "a casualty of a nearly 20-year pursuit of a lifelong ambition that kept him away from home".

wn.com/Creigh_Deeds
Harvard Law School
Harvard Law School (also known as Harvard Law or HLS) is one of the professional graduate schools of Harvard University. Located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, it is the oldest continually-operating law school in the United States and is home to the largest academic law library in the world.
The current Dean of Harvard Law School is Martha Minow, who assumed the role on July 1, 2009. Harvard Law has 246 faculty members. Many are preeminent legal scholars; Harvard Law School faculty were responsible for more downloaded papers on the Social Science Research Network than any other law school, a fact only partially explained by the school's size.
Harvard Law School has produced a large number of luminaries in law and politics including Barack Obama, Mitt Romney, and Rutherford B. Hayes. World leaders counted among its graduates include the current President of the Republic of China, Ma Ying-jeou; former Chief Justice of the Republic of the Philippines, Renato Corona; the current President of the World Bank Group, Robert Zoellick; the current United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Navanethem Pillay; and the former President of Ireland, Mary Robinson. Some 149 sitting United States federal judges are Harvard Law School graduates; six of the nine sitting justices of the Supreme Court of the United States attended the law school (Chief Justice John G. Roberts and Associate Justices Anthony Kennedy, Stephen Breyer, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Antonin Scalia and Elena Kagan). Seven sitting U.S. Senators graduated from the school.

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Honduras
Honduras is a republic in Central America. It was at times referred to as Spanish Honduras to differentiate it from British Honduras, which became the modern-day state of Belize. The country is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Ocean at the Gulf of Fonseca, and to the north by the Gulf of Honduras, a large inlet of the Caribbean Sea.
Honduras was home to several important indigenous cultures, most notably the Maya. Much of the country was conquered by Spain who introduced its predominant language and many of its customs in the sixteenth century. It became independent in 1821 and has been a republic since the end of Spanish rule.
Its size is just over 112,492 km² with an estimated population of almost eight million. Its capital is Tegucigalpa. Its northern portions are part of the Western Caribbean Zone.
It is notable for its production of minerals, tropical fruit, and recently for exportation of clothing for the international market.

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Maryland
Maryland (ⁱ/ˈmɛrɨlənd/) is a U.S. state located in the Mid Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east. Maryland was the seventh state to ratify the United States Constitution, and three nicknames for it (the Old Line State, the Free State, and the Chesapeake Bay State) are occasionally used. Maryland is the 9th smallest state by area, but the 19th most populous and the 5th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The state's most populated city is Baltimore. Its capital is Annapolis. It was named after Queen Henrietta Maria.
Maryland has an area of 12,406.68 square miles (32,133.2 km²) and is comparable in overall area with the European country of Belgium (11,787 square miles (30,530 km²)). It is the 42nd largest/9th smallest state, and is closest in size to Hawaii (10,930.98 square miles (28,311.1 km²)), the next smallest state. The next largest state, Maryland's neighbor West Virginia, is almost twice the size of Maryland (24,229.76 square miles (62,754.8 km²)).

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Virginia
Virginia (ⁱ/vərˈdʒɪnjə/), officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a U.S. state located in the South Atlantic region of the United States. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" and sometimes the "Mother of Presidents" after the eight U.S. presidents born there. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are shaped by the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Chesapeake Bay, which provide habitat for much of its flora and fauna. The capital of the Commonwealth is Richmond; Virginia Beach is the most populous city and Fairfax County the most populous political subdivision. The Commonwealth's population is over eight million.
The area's history begins with several indigenous groups, including the Powhatan. In 1607 the London Company established the Colony of Virginia as the first permanent New World English colony. Slave labor and the land acquired from displaced Native American tribes each played a significant role in the colony's early politics and plantation economy. Virginia was one of the 13 Colonies in the American Revolution and joined the Confederacy in the American Civil War, during which Richmond was made the Confederate capital and Virginia's northwestern counties separated to form the state of West Virginia. Although the Commonwealth was under conservative single-party rule for nearly a century following Reconstruction, both major national parties are competitive in modern Virginia.

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Washington Metro
The Washington Metro, commonly called Metro, and unofficially Metrorail, is the rapid transit system in Washington, D.C., United States, and its surrounding suburbs. It is administered by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA), which also operates Metrobus service under the Metro name. In Maryland, Metro provides service to Montgomery County and Prince George's County; in Virginia, to Fairfax County, Arlington County, and the City of Alexandria. Since opening in 1976, the network has grown to include five lines, 86 stations, and 106.3 miles (171.1 km) of track.
Metro is the second-busiest rapid transit system in the United States in number of passenger trips, after the New York City Subway. There were 215.3 million trips, or 727,684 trips per weekday, on Metro in fiscal year 2008. In June 2008, Metro set a new monthly ridership record with 19,729,641 trips, or 798,456 per weekday. Fares vary based on the distance traveled, the time of day, and the type of card used by the passenger. Riders enter and exit the system using a stored-value card in the form of a paper magnetic stripe farecard or a proximity card known as SmarTrip.

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Abram Hewitt
Abram Stevens Hewitt (July 31, 1822 – January 18, 1903) was a teacher, lawyer, an iron manufacturer, chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1876 to 1877, U.S. Congressman, and a mayor of New York. He was the son-in-law of Peter Cooper (1791–1883), an industrialist, inventor and philanthropist. He is best known for his work with the Cooper Union, which he aided Peter Cooper in founding in 1859, and for planning the financing and construction of the New York City subway system, for which he is considered the "Father of the New York City Subway System".
Hewitt was born in Haverstraw, New York. His mother, Ann Gurnee, was of French Huguenot descent, while his father, John Hewitt, was from Staffordshire in England and had emigrated to the U.S. in 1790 to work on a steam engine to power the water plant in Philadelphia.
Hewitt worked his way through and graduated from Columbia College in 1842. He taught mathematics at the school, and became a lawyer several years later.
From 1843 to 1844, Hewitt traveled to Europe with his student, Edward Cooper, the son of industrialist entrepreneur Peter Cooper, and another future New York City mayor. During their return voyage, the pair were shipwrecked together. After this, Hewitt became "virtually a member of the Cooper family", and in 1855 married Edward's sister, Sarah Amelia.

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Adlai Stevenson II
Adlai Ewing Stevenson II (/ˈædleɪ/; February 5, 1900 – July 14, 1965) was an American politician, noted for his intellectual demeanor, eloquent oratory, and promotion of liberal causes in the Democratic Party. He served as the 31st Governor of Illinois, and received the Democratic Party's nomination for president in 1952 and 1956; both times he was defeated by Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. He sought the Democratic presidential nomination for a third time in the election of 1960, but was defeated by Senator John F. Kennedy of Massachusetts. After his election, President Kennedy appointed Stevenson as the Ambassador to the United Nations; he served from 1961 to 1965. He died on July 14, 1965 in London, England after suffering a heart attack.
Although Stevenson was born in Los Angeles, he was a member of a famous Illinois political family. His grandfather Adlai E. Stevenson I was Vice President of the United States under President Grover Cleveland from 1893–1897. His father, Lewis G. Stevenson, never held an elected office, but was appointed Secretary of State of Illinois (1914–1917) and was considered a strong contender for the Democratic vice-presidential nomination in 1928. A maternal great-grandfather, Jesse W. Fell, had been a close friend and campaign manager for Abraham Lincoln; Stevenson often referred to Fell as his "favorite" ancestor. His mother was Helen Davis Stevenson. Stevenson's eldest son, Adlai E. Stevenson III, became a U.S. Senator from Illinois (1970–1981). Actor McLean Stevenson was a second cousin once removed.

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Al Gore
Albert Arnold "Al" Gore, Jr. (born March 31, 1948) served as the 45th Vice President of the United States (1993–2001), under President Bill Clinton. He was the Democratic Party's nominee for President and won the popular vote in the 2000 U.S. presidential election.
Gore is currently an author and environmental activist. He has founded a number of non-profit organizations, including the Alliance for Climate Protection, and has received a Nobel Peace Prize for his work in climate change activism.
Gore was previously an elected official for 24 years, representing Tennessee in the U.S. House of Representatives (1977–85), and later in the U.S. Senate (1985–93), and finally becoming Vice President in 1993. In the 2000 presidential election, Gore won the popular vote by a margin of more than 500,000 votes. However, he ultimately lost the Electoral College to Republican George W. Bush when the U.S. Supreme Court settled the legal controversy over the Florida vote recount by ruling 5-4 in favor of Bush. It was the only time in history that the Supreme Court has determined the outcome of a presidential election.

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Al Smith
Alfred Emanuel "Al" Smith (December 30, 1873 – October 4, 1944) was an American statesman who was elected the 42nd Governor of New York three times, and was the Democratic U.S. presidential candidate in 1928. He was the foremost urban leader of the efficiency-oriented Progressive Movement, and was noted for achieving a wide range of reforms as governor in the 1920s. He was also linked to the notorious Tammany Hall machine that controlled Manhattan politics; he was a strong opponent of prohibition.
As a committed "wet" (anti-Prohibition candidate), he attracted millions of voters of all backgrounds, particularly those concerned about the corruption and lawlessness brought about by the Eighteenth Amendment. However he was unpopular among certain segments, including Southern Baptists and German Lutherans, who believed the Catholic Church and the Pope would dictate his policies. Most importantly, this was a time of national prosperity under a Republican Presidency, and Smith lost in a landslide to Republican Herbert Hoover. Smith attempted the 1932 nomination, but was defeated by his former ally and successor as New York Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt. Smith entered business in New York City, and became an increasingly vocal opponent of Roosevelt's New Deal.

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Andrew Jackson
Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845) was the seventh President of the United States (1829–1837). Based in frontier Tennessee, Jackson was a politician and army general who defeated the Creek Indians at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend (1814), and the British at the Battle of New Orleans (1815). A polarizing figure who dominated the Second Party System in the 1820s and 1830s, as president he destroyed the national bank and relocated most Indian tribes from the Southeast to west of the Mississippi River. His enthusiastic followers created the modern Democratic Party. The 1830–1850 period later became known as the era of Jacksonian democracy.
Jackson was nicknamed "Old Hickory" because of his toughness and aggressive personality; he fought in duels, some fatal to his opponents. He was a rich slaveholder, who appealed to the common men of the United States, and fought politically against what he denounced as a closed, undemocratic aristocracy. He expanded the spoils system during his presidency to strengthen his political base.

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Aneesh Chopra
Aneesh Paul Chopra was the first American Federal Chief Technology Officer of the United States (CTO). Chopra previously served as Virginia’s fourth Secretary of Technology.
He was born in 1972 in Trenton, New Jersey, the eldest son of Indian immigrants Ram and Neelam Chopra. He grew up in West Windsor, New Jersey, also known as Princeton Junction, New Jersey, and attended West Windsor-Plainsboro High School South from 1986-1990. In 2009, Chopra was awarded the Alumni Achiever Award by the West Windsor-Plainsboro Regional School District. Chopra graduated with his B.A. from Johns Hopkins University, and his M.P.P. from the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University.
He was elected as a Boys Nation Senator to represent American Legion Jersey Boys State in 1989.
After his studies, Chopra was Managing Director for the Advisory Board Company, a health care think tank for hospitals and health systems. While there, he led the firm’s Financial Leadership Council and the Working Council for Health Plan Executives.. Virginia Governor Tim Kaine appointed Chopra to be Virginia's fourth Secretary of Technology. He served in this position until 2009 when he was selected by President Barack Obama to be the first "Chief Technology Officer" for the White House.

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Anne Holton
Anne Bright Holton (born 1958) is the wife of former Governor Tim Kaine, serving as First Lady of Virginia from 2006 to 2010.
Anne Holton was born in Roanoke, Virginia, and is the daughter of A. Linwood Holton, Jr., and Jinks Holton. In 1969, her father was elected as Governor of Virginia, serving from 1970 to 1974. In response to a federal court decision desegregating Richmond Public Schools, she and her siblings attended predominantly black schools near the Virginia Executive Mansion, contributing to her father's efforts to make Virginia a model for race relations. One of her brothers is Woody Holton, a professor at the University of Richmond.
Holton earned an undergraduate degree in economics graduating magna cum laude from the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University in 1980. Three years later, she earned a law degree graduating cum laude from Harvard Law School. While a student at Harvard, she met her future husband, Tim Kaine. They married in 1984 and moved to Virginia. The couple has three children, Nat, Woody, and Annella.

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Arthur Sewall
Arthur Sewall (November 25, 1835 – September 5, 1900) was a U.S. Democratic politician from Maine most notable as William Jennings Bryan's first running mate in 1896. As the Populist Party nominee, Bryan had another running mate as well, Thomas E. Watson. Sewall never held elective office, although he was a member of the Democratic National Committee from 1888 to 1896.
Arthur Sewall's main claim to fame had been as an exceptionally successful, wealthy shipbuilder and New England industrialist. He was a director of the Maine Central railroad and President of the Bath National Bank for years. His selection is believed to have been an effort to win votes among conservative and New England members of the party who were disturbed by the populist aspects of William Jennings Bryan. Arthur Sewall is also one of the few politicians to be an adherent of Swedenborgianism, a religion based on the writings of Swedish theologian Emanuel Swedenborg.
His main vice-presidential opponent, Garret A. Hobart (Rep), was also an eastern banker and industrialist who had served in his party's national committee. The two also wore large mustaches.

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August Belmont
August Belmont, Sr. (December 8, 1813 – November 24, 1890) was an American politician.
August Belmont was born in Alzey, Hesse, on December 8, 1813--some sources say 1816--to Simon and Frederika Elsass Schönberg, a Jewish family. After his mother's death, when he was seven, he lived with his uncle and grandmother in Frankfurt. He attended the Jewish Junior and Senior High School until he began his first job as an apprentice to the Rothschilds. He would sweep floors, polish furniture, and run errands while studying English, arithmetic, and writing. He was then given a confidential clerkship in 1832 and promoted to private secretary before travelling to Naples, Paris, and Rome. In 1837, Belmont set sail for Havana charged with the Rothschild's Cuban interests. On his way to Havana, however, Belmont stopped in New York. He arrived there during the Panic of 1837 and then remained to supervise jeopardised Rothschild interests there instead of continuing on to Havana. After he emigrated to the United States, he changed his surname, Schönberg (German for "beautiful mountain"), to Belmont (French for "beautiful mountain").

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Augustus Schell
Augustus Schell (August 1, 1812 – March 27, 1884) was a New York politician and lawyer. He was Chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1872 to 1876.
Schell was born on August 1, 1812 in Rhinebeck, New York and was educated at Rhinebeck Academy and Wesleyan Seminary. He was graduated in 1830 from Union College with Phi Beta Kappa honors and membership in the Kappa Alpha Society, and then studied at Litchfield Law School. He was admitted to the bar and started a practice in New York City. He started out as an early expert in the then new field of corporate law and through his profession became active in railroad management. A friend of Cornelius Vanderbilt, he gradually expanded his railroad connections through investments as well as legal counsel.
An active Democrat, he joined Tammany Hall where, after William M. Tweed's fall, he became Grand Sachem in 1872. He was head of the Democratic state committee 1853-1856. During the administration of President James Buchanan he was collector of the Port of New York. He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee that supported John C. Breckinridge for the presidency in 1860 and also 1872-1876. After the trial of William M. Tweed and his associates, Schell labored for the purification and rehabilitation of the Tammany society, and in 1878 was its unsuccessful candidate for mayor.

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Barack Obama

Barack Hussein Obama II (ⁱ/bəˈrɑːk huːˈseɪn oʊˈbɑːmə/; born August 4, 1961) is the 44th and current President of the United States. He is the first African American to hold the office. In January 2005, Obama was sworn in as a U.S. Senator in the state of Illinois. He would hold this office until November 2008, when he resigned following his victory in the 2008 presidential election.
Born in Honolulu, Hawaii, Obama is a graduate of Columbia University and Harvard Law School, where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. He was a community organizer in Chicago before earning his law degree. He worked as a civil rights attorney in Chicago and taught constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School from 1992 to 2004. He served three terms representing the 13th District in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004.
Following an unsuccessful bid against the Democratic incumbent for a seat in the United States House of Representatives in 2000, Obama ran for the United States Senate in 2004. Several events brought him to national attention during the campaign, including his victory in the March 2004 Illinois Democratic primary for the Senate election and his keynote address at the Democratic National Convention in July 2004. He won election to the U.S. Senate in Illinois in November 2004. His presidential campaign began in February 2007, and after a close campaign in the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries against Hillary Rodham Clinton, he won his party's nomination. In the 2008 presidential election, he defeated Republican nominee John McCain, and was inaugurated as president on January 20, 2009. Nine months later, Obama was named the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureate. In April 2011, he announced that he would be running for re-election in 2012.

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Benjamin Gratz Brown
Benjamin Gratz Brown (May 28, 1826 – December 13, 1885) was an American politician. He was a Senator, the 20th Governor of Missouri, and the Liberal Republican and Democratic Party Vice presidential candidate in the presidential election of 1872.
Brown was born in Frankfort, Kentucky, in 1826. He was the grandson of Senators John Brown and Jesse Bledsoe of Kentucky. He graduated from Transylvania University in Lexington in 1845 where he was a member of Beta Theta Pi Fraternity, and from Yale College in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1847. He studied law, and later settled in St. Louis, Missouri. There he joined his cousin, Francis P. Blair, Jr., and Senator Thomas Hart Benton in a struggle against the pro-slavery faction for control of Missouri's Democratic Party.
Brown became a member of the Missouri House of Representatives and served there between 1852 and 1858. An able lawyer in St. Louis, Brown made a speech in 1857 against a joint resolution opposing emancipation. The speech marked the beginning of the Free Soil movement in Missouri. He was a leader of the movement. After that, he edited the Missouri Democrat between 1854 and 1859. He was an unsuccessful candidate for Governor of Missouri in 1857.

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Benjamin Harrison V
Benjamin Harrison V (April 5, 1726 – April 24, 1791) was an American planter and revolutionary leader from Charles City County, Virginia. He earned his higher education at the College of William and Mary, and he was perhaps the first figure in the Harrison family to gain national attention. Harrison was a representative for Surry County, Virginia, (1756–1758) and Charles City County (1766–1776) to the House of Burgesses. He was a Virginia delegate to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 1777 and, during the Second Continental Congress, was a signer of the Declaration of Independence.
John Adams in his diary recalled Harrison as having said that he was so eager to participate in the Continental Congress "he would have come on foot." Adams also commented that "Harrison's contributions and many pleasantries steadied rough sessions." Harrison served frequently as Chairman of the Committee of the Whole in the Continental Congress, presided over the final debates on an independence resolution offered by Virginia delegate Richard Henry Lee, and presided as well as over the final debates and amendments to the Declaration itself.

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Beverley Randolph
Beverley Randolph (1754 – February 7, 1797) was an American politician from Virginia. He served as the eighth Governor of Virginia from 1788 to 1791.
Beverley was one of four children born to Peter Randolph (William Randolph II and Elizabeth Beverley's son) and Lucille (Bolling) Randolph (Robert Bolling Jr.'s daughter), at Turkey Island in Henrico County. One of Beverley's siblings was William Fitzhugh's wife, Ann Bolling Randolph Fitzhugh. (Turkey Island is both an island in the James River and the name of the Randolph family plantation.)
Beverley was educated at William and Mary and married Martha Cocke in 1775. He served in the militia during the Revolutionary War, was a member of the Virginia Assembly and was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1777 to 1780. When George Wythe withdrew from the Philadelphia Convention of 1787, George Mason suggested that Randolph (who happened to be in Philadelphia at the time) be appointed in his place. The Council and governor decided that in light of the abilities of Virginia's remaining delegates, Wythe did not need to be replaced. Randolph was elected Governor of Virginia in 1788, the first to be elected after Virginia ratified the U.S. Constitution. He died on his farm near Green Creek in Cumberland County.

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Bill Bolling
William T. "Bill" Bolling (born June 15, 1957) is the 39th and current Lieutenant Governor of Virginia. Running as a Republican, he was elected twice to the position by defeating his Democratic opponent in both the 2005 and 2009 general elections. He is the first Lieutenant Governor in the Commonwealth of Virginia to serve two consecutive terms since Don Beyer. In addition, he currently serves in Governor Bob McDonnell's cabinet as the Chief Jobs Creation Officer.
Bolling was born in Sistersville, West Virginia in 1957. He was raised in the coal fields of southwest Virginia and southern West Virginia. He graduated from the University of Charleston (West Virginia) in 1978 with a B.S. degree in Political Science and was the first member of his family to graduate from college.
Bolling first ran for elected office in 1991 for a position on the Hanover County Board of Supervisors. Bolling won that office and served as a member of the Board until 1995. While a member, Bolling also served as the Chairman of the Board of supervisors.

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Bill Clinton
William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III; August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. Inaugurated at age 46, he was the third-youngest president. He took office at the end of the Cold War, and was the first president of the baby boomer generation. Clinton has been described as a New Democrat. Many of his policies have been attributed to a centrist Third Way philosophy of governance.
Born and raised in Arkansas, Clinton became both a student leader and a skilled musician. He is an alumnus of Georgetown University where he was Phi Beta Kappa and earned a Rhodes Scholarship to attend the University of Oxford. He is married to Hillary Rodham Clinton, who has served as the United States Secretary of State since 2009 and was a Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009. Both Clintons received law degrees from Yale Law School, where they met and began dating. As Governor of Arkansas, Clinton overhauled the state's education system, and served as Chair of the National Governors Association.

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Bob McDonnell
Robert Francis "Bob" McDonnell (born June 15, 1954) is an American politician who has been the 71st Governor of Virginia since January 16, 2010. A former lieutenant colonel in the United States Army, McDonnell served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1993 to 2006 and served as Attorney General of Virginia from 2006 to 2009. He currently serves as chairman of the Republican Governors Association.
McDonnell was elected as the Governor of Virginia on the back of the campaign slogan, "Bob's for Jobs", defeating Democratic state Senator Creigh Deeds by a 17-point margin in a 2009 general election marked by the late-2000s recession. McDonnell was inaugurated on January 16, 2010, on the steps of the Virginia State Capitol to succeed Tim Kaine.
Since taking office, McDonnell has pushed for privatization, extending a contract to outsource the state's computer operations and attempting to auction off the state's ABC liquor stores, and promoted offshore drilling for Virginia. He has sought to fund transportation improvements from non-traditional revenues sources including the proposal to auction-off liquor stores and establishing a toll booth at the Virginia-North Carolina border. He has used his amendatory veto power to restrict state funding for abortions.

wn.com/Bob_McDonnell
Chris Dodd
Christopher John "Chris" Dodd (born May 27, 1944) is an American lawyer, lobbyist, and Democratic Party politician who served as a United States Senator from Connecticut for a thirty-year period ending with the 111th United States Congress.
Dodd is a Connecticut native and a graduate of Georgetown Preparatory School in Bethesda, Maryland, and Providence College. His father, Thomas J. Dodd, was one of Connecticut's United States Senators from 1959-1971. Chris Dodd served in the Peace Corps for two years prior to entering law school at the University of Louisville, and during law school concurrently served in the United States Army Reserve.
Dodd returned to Connecticut, winning election in 1974 to the United States House of Representatives from Connecticut's 2nd congressional district and was reelected in 1976 and 1978. He was elected United States Senator in the elections of 1980, and was the longest-serving senator in Connecticut's history.
Dodd served as general chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1995 to 1997. He served as Chairman of the Senate Banking Committee until his retirement. In 2006, Dodd decided to run for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States, but eventually withdrew after running behind several other competitors. In January 2010, Dodd announced that he would not run for re-election in the 2010 midterm elections. Dodd was succeeded by Richard Blumenthal. On March 1, 2011, the Motion Picture Association of America announced that Dodd will head that organization.

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Chuck Robb
Charles Spittal "Chuck" Robb (born June 26, 1939) is an American politician. He served as the 64th Governor of Virginia from 1982 to 1986, and as a United States senator from 1989 until 2001. In 2004, he chaired the Iraq Intelligence Commission.
Charles Robb was born in Phoenix, Arizona, and grew up in the Mount Vernon area of Alexandria, Virginia. He earned a B.A. from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1961, where he was a member of the Chi Phi Fraternity.
A United States Marine Corps veteran and honor graduate of Quantico, Robb became a White House social aide. It was there that he met and eventually married Lynda Johnson, the daughter of then U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson. Robb went on to serve two tours of duty in Vietnam, where he commanded a rifle company in combat, and was awarded the Bronze Star. After the war he earned a J.D. at the University of Virginia Law School in 1973, and following a clerkship with a federal appeals judge entered private practice.
In 1977, Robb won election as a Democrat for the lieutenant governorship of Virginia. He served as lieutenant governor from 1978 to 1982 and as governor from 1982 to 1986. In the 1977 election, Robb was the only of three Democrats running for statewide office to win that year, leaving him as the sole head of a political party that had not won a governor's race in a dozen years. Four years later in 1981, Robb led all three Democrats into office by appealing to conservatives who were disenchanted with his opponent's maverick style. Virginia Democrats again won all three statewide offices in 1985, which was viewed as an endorsement of Robb's leadership while in office. As a campaigner, Robb was capable but reserved. During a time when political communication styles were beginning to favor sound bites, Robb was known for speaking in paragraphs about complex policy issues. He was also noteworthy among his contemporaries for raising substantial sums of campaign funds.

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Colgate Darden
Colgate Whitehead Darden, Jr. (February 11, 1897 - June 9, 1981) was a Democratic Congressman from Virginia (1933–37, 1939–41), the 54th Governor of Virginia (1942–46), Chancellor of the College of William and Mary (1946–47) and the third President of the University of Virginia (1947–59). The Darden Graduate School of Business Administration of the University of Virginia was named for him.
Darden was born on a farm near Franklin, Virginia and served in the French Army and the United States Marine Corps Air Service during World War I. He later attended the University of Virginia, where he was a member of Phi Gamma Delta fraternity, and graduated in 1922 before going on to Columbia Law School (grad. 1923) and then Oxford University. He was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1930 to 1933 and a U.S. delegate to the United Nations General Assembly in 1955. He died in 1981 at his home in Norfolk, Virginia.
As governor, he reorganized Virginia's civil defense, reformed the penal system, and created a pension plan for state employees and teachers.

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Cordell Hull
Cordell Hull (October 2, 1871 – July 23, 1955) was an American politician from the U.S. state of Tennessee. He is best known as the longest-serving Secretary of State, holding the position for 11 years (1933–1944) in the administration of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt during much of World War II. Hull received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1945 for his role in establishing the United Nations, and was referred to by President Roosevelt as the "Father of the United Nations".
Hull was born in a log cabin in Olympus, which is now part of Pickett County, Tennessee, but was then part of Overton County. He became the elected chairman of the Clay County Democratic Party at the age of 19.
In 1891, Hull graduated from Cumberland School of Law at Cumberland University and was admitted to the bar. He served in the Tennessee House of Representatives from 1893 to 1897. During the Spanish-American War, he served in Cuba as a captain in the Fourth Regiment of the Tennessee Volunteer Infantry.
Hull served 11 terms in the United States House of Representatives (1907–1921 and 1923–1931) and authored the federal income tax laws of 1913 and 1916 and the inheritance tax of 1916. After an electoral defeat in 1920, Hull served as chairman of the Democratic National Committee. He was elected to the Senate in 1930, but resigned upon being named Secretary of State in 1933.

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Creigh Deeds
Robert Creigh Deeds ( /ˈkriː/; born January 4, 1958) is an American politician who was the Democratic nominee for Governor of Virginia in 2009. He also ran in the 2005 race for Attorney General of Virginia. He was defeated in both of the above races by Bob McDonnell. Deeds lost by just 323 votes in 2005, but was defeated by a wide margin of almost 18 percentage points in 2009. He was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1992 to 2001 and has served in the Senate of Virginia since December 2001.
Deeds was born on January 4, 1958 in Richmond, Virginia and was named after confederate war hero, David Creigh. His family moved early in his life to Bath County. After graduating from high school, Deeds enrolled in Concord College. He then entered the Wake Forest University School of Law, from which he received his Juris Doctor in 1984.
A Washington Post article published April 12, 2010 revealed that Deeds and his wife Pam had divorced as of February 4, (as the Washington Post described) "a casualty of a nearly 20-year pursuit of a lifelong ambition that kept him away from home".

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David Allen Smalley
David Allen Smalley (April 6, 1809 – March 10, 1877) was a United States federal judge.
Born in Middlebury, Vermont, Smalley read law in 1831 and practiced in Jericho, Vermont where he was postmaster from 1831 to 1836. Moving first to Lowell, Vermont he settled in Burlington, Vermont in 1836, and was a member of the Vermont State Senate from 1843 to 1844.
At the 1852 Democratic National Convention he was Vermont's Vice President of the Convention as well as member of the platform committee and choice to serve on the Democratic National Committee. President Franklin Pierce appointed him Collector of Customs for the District of Vermont in April 1853. Again a delegate at the Democratic Convention held at Cincinnati in 1856, he was reappointed to the National Committee where he served as Chairman (1856–1860).
On February 2, 1857, Smalley was nominated by President Franklin Pierce to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Vermont vacated by the death of Samuel Prentiss the month before. Smalley was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 3, 1857, and received his commission the same day. As Chair of the Democratic National Committee it was Smalley's task to open the ill-fated Charleston Convention on April 23, 1860. He continued to serve as District Judge until his death, in Burlington, in 1877.

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David Wilhelm
David Wilhelm (born October 2, 1956) was an American political leader and now devotes his efforts to business initiatives that produce both social and shareholder value. In the world of politics, Wilhelm is best known for his work as a manager of high-level campaigns, most notably the 1992 presidential campaign of William J. Clinton.
Raised in Athens, Ohio, Wilhelm is committed to Central Appalachia, and has conceived and implemented many transformational projects and funds in the area. Eventually, Wilhelm settled in Chicago, Illinois and managed campaigns for many Illinois Democrats. Currently, Wilhelm is the developer of a 49.9 megawatt solar project in Noble County, OH.
He received his B.A. from Ohio University, as well as a Master of Public Policy from Harvard's John F. Kennedy School of Government. He has also received honorary doctorates from Ohio University, the University of Charleston, and Wheeling Jesuit University.
Before transitioning to this private sector work about a decade ago, Wilhelm had established a reputation as a leading manager of political campaigns, working for candidates such as Bill Clinton, Joe Biden, Richard Daley, the late Paul Simon and several other Illinois-based Democrats. Wilhelm ran the day-to-day operations of the 1992 Clinton-Gore campaign, directed its Electoral College and political strategy, and spearheaded the post-convention bus tour of the American heartland.

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Debra DeLee
Debra DeLee (born 1948) was Chair of the Democratic National Committee from 1994 to 1995, and was the second woman to hold the post. She is currently President and CEO of Americans for Peace Now (APN), a national Zionist organization dedicated to enhancing Israel’s security through peace and to supporting the Israeli Peace Now movement. She was born in Chicago, Illinois, is a graduate of the University of Wisconsin, Madison. She was a superdelegate for the 2008 Democratic National Convention and endorsed United States Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton of New York in the primaries.

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Don Beyer
Donald Sternoff "Don" Beyer, Jr. (born June 20, 1950) is the U.S. ambassador to Switzerland and Liechtenstein. In addition, he owns automobile dealerships in Virginia, and has a long record involved in community, political and philanthropic work.
From 1990–98 he served as the 36th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia as a Democrat during the gubernatorial administrations of Democrat Doug Wilder (1990–1994) and Republican George Allen (1994–1998).
Beyer was born in the Free Territory of Trieste now Trieste, Italy, the son of U.S. Army officer Don Beyer and his wife, Nancy. The oldest of six children, he was raised in Washington, D.C. In 1968 he graduated from Gonzaga College High School, where he was salutatorian of his class; in 1972 he graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Williams College, magna cum laude, in economics. Beyer was a presidential scholar in 1968, and was a National Merit Scholarship winner. He graduated from a winter Outward Bound course at Dartmouth College in January 1971, and attended Wellesley College that year as part of the "12 College Exchange" program.

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Donald Fowler
Donald L. Fowler (born 1935) served as National Chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1995 to 1997. (Christopher J. Dodd served as "General Chairman" during this same period.) Fowler is a political science professor and businessman from South Carolina who has spent most of his adult life in various Democratic Party roles, including state party executive director, state party chair, and CEO of the 1988 Democratic National Convention in Atlanta.
Fowler earned a degree in psychology from Wofford College in Spartanburg, South Carolina, in 1957 where he had his basketball jersey retired, was president of the student body, and became a member of the Kappa Alpha Order. For his master’s and doctoral degrees, he attended the University of Kentucky, a pioneering institution in the disciplines of political science and public administration. He has taught public administration and American politics at the University of South Carolina since 1964, and has taught at Wofford from time to time. He is also a retired colonel in the U.S. Army Reserve and a graduate of the U.S. Army War College.

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Donna Brazile
Donna Brazile (born December 15, 1959) is an American author, academic, and political analyst currently serving as Vice Chairwoman of the Democratic National Committee. She was the first African American to direct a major presidential campaign, acting as campaign manager for Al Gore in 2000. She briefly served as interim Chair for the DNC in the spring of 2011.

Brazile was born in Kenner, Louisiana, to Lionel and Jean Brazile, the third of nine children. She became interested in politics at age nine when a local candidate for office promised to build a neighborhood playground. She participated in a TRIO Upward Bound program while in High School. After graduating from Louisiana State University, Brazile worked for several advocacy groups in Washington, D.C., and was instrumental in the successful campaign to make Martin Luther King, Jr.'s birthday a federal holiday.
Brazile has worked on several presidential campaigns for Democratic candidates, including Jimmy Carter–Walter Mondale in 1976 and 1980, Jesse Jackson in 1984, Walter Mondale–Geraldine Ferraro in 1984, and for Richard Gephardt in the 1988 Democratic primary.

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Douglas Wilder
Lawrence Douglas Wilder (born January 17, 1931) is the first African American to be elected as governor of Virginia and first African-American governor of any state since Reconstruction. Wilder served as the 66th Governor of Virginia from 1990 to 1994. When earlier elected as Lieutenant Governor, he was the first African American elected to statewide office in Virginia. His most recent political office was Mayor of Richmond, Virginia, which he held from 2005 to 2009.
Wilder was born in Richmond, the seventh of eight children of Robert and Beulah (Richards) Wilder. The grandson of American slaves, he was named after the poet Paul Laurence Dunbar and the abolitionist Frederick Douglass. He attended George Mason Elementary School and Armstrong High School, then racially segregated. He did his undergraduate work at Virginia Union University, where he graduated with a degree in chemistry in 1951. Wilder is a prominent life member of Omega Psi Phi fraternity.
Wilder served in the Korean War, earning a Bronze Star for heroism at Pork Chop Hill. He rose to leadership in his first experience in an integrated organization, as President Truman had desegregated the military in 1948. After his service, Wilder earned a law degree at Howard University School of Law under the G.I. Bill. Virginia university law schools did not then admit African Americans. He graduated in 1959 and returned to Richmond to co-found the law firm of Wilder, Gregory, and Associates.

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Ed Rendell
Edward Gene "Ed" Rendell (/rɛnˈdɛl/; born January 5, 1944) is an American politician who served as the 45th Governor of Pennsylvania, from 2003 to 2011. Rendell, a member of the Democratic Party, was elected Governor of Pennsylvania in 2002, and his term of office began January 21, 2003. He was recently a member of the Democratic Governors Association Executive Committee and served as General Chairman of the Democratic National Committee during the 2000 presidential election. Rendell is also a football analyst on Comcast SportsNet's Eagles Postgame Live, hosted by Michael Barkann.
From 2008 to 2009, Governor Rendell was the Chairman of the National Governors Association. He was married to Marjorie Rendell, a federal judge for the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit until they amicably separated in 2011. Rendell is also a faculty member of the Fels Institute of Government at the University of Pennsylvania, and chair of Team Pennsylvania Foundation.
Rendell was born in New York City, the son of Emma (née Sloat) and Jesse T. Rendell. His parents were Jewish and all four of his grandparents were immigrants from Russia. He attended Riverdale Country School before the University of Pennsylvania, where he joined the Pi Lambda Phi fraternity in 1962 and earned a B.A. degree, 1965, and Villanova University School of Law, Juris Doctor, 1968. He served as a 2nd Lieutenant in the U.S. Army Reserve from 1968 to 1974.

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Edmund Muskie
Edmund Sixtus "Ed" Muskie (March 28, 1914 – March 26, 1996) was an American politician from Rumford, Maine. He served as Governor of Maine from 1955 to 1959, as a member of the United States Senate from 1959 to 1980, and as Secretary of State under Jimmy Carter from 1980 to 1981. Muskie was the Democratic nominee for Vice President in the 1968 presidential election, and was a candidate for the Democratic nomination for President in 1972.
Muskie held the highest office (Secretary of State) held by a Polish American in U.S. history, and also is the only Polish American ever nominated by a major party for Vice President.
Muskie was born in Rumford, Maine. His father, Stephen Marciszewski (mar-chih-SHEF-ski) immigrated to the United States in 1903 and changed his name to Muskie. His mother Josephine (née Czarnecki) was born in Buffalo, New York, to Polish immigrants. His parents, Roman Catholics, had seven children, of whom six survived.
Muskie attended Bates College in Lewiston, Maine, where he majored in history and government. While at Bates, Muskie was a successful member of the debating team, participated in several sports, and was elected to student government. He also worked during the school year as a waiter, and during the summers at a hotel in Kennebunk, Maine, to supplement the scholarship that allowed him to attend the college. He graduated from Bates in 1936, and from Cornell Law School in 1939.

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Edmund Randolph
Edmund Jennings Randolph (August 10, 1753 – September 12, 1813) was an American attorney, the seventh Governor of Virginia, the second Secretary of State, and the first United States Attorney General.
Randolph was born on August 10, 1753 to the influential Randolph family in Williamsburg, Virginia. He was educated at the College of William and Mary. After graduation he began reading law with his father John Randolph and uncle, Peyton Randolph. In 1775, with the start of the American Revolution, Randolph's father remained a Loyalist and returned to Britain; Edmund Randolph remained in America where he joined the Continental Army as aide-de-camp to General George Washington.
Upon the death of his uncle Peyton Randolph in October 1775 Randolph returned to Virginia to act as executor of the estate, and while there was elected as a representative to the Virginia Convention. He would go on to serve as mayor of Williamsburg, and then as the first Attorney General of the United States under the newly-formed government. He was married on August 29, 1776 to Elizabeth Nicholas (daughter of Robert C. Nicholas), and had a total of six children, including Peyton Randolph, Governor of Virginia from 1811 to 1812.

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Edward Echols
Edward Echols (1849–1914) was a U.S. political figure from the Commonwealth of Virginia. Echols held office as the 18th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia from 1898 to 1902.
Edward Echols was born in Monroe County (now in West Virginia). There is some confusion over his birth year, but he is listed in the 1850 census as being one year old in September 1850. He and his family moved to Staunton, Virginia, after the Civil War. He also served for six years in the Virginia House of Delegates and for a total of twelve years in the Senate of Virginia. His father, John Echols, was a brigadier general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War.

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Elbert Lee Trinkle
Elbert Lee Trinkle or E. Lee Trinkle (March 12, 1876 – November 25, 1939) an American politician who served as the 49th Governor of Virginia from 1922 to 1926.
On March 12, 1876, Trinkle was born in Wytheville, Wythe County, Virginia, as the youngest son of the prominent Trinkle family. After graduating from Hampden-Sydney College, he studied law at the University of Virginia, where he was manager of the Virginia Glee Club, and later opened a Wytheville law practice. Trinkle served as the chairman and an elector of the Democratic Party in 1916. He served two terms in the Virginia Senate before his election as governor. Trinkle also acted as a delegate for Virginia to the Democratic National Convention in 1924 and 1928. On November 25, 1939, he died in Richmond, Virginia and was interred in East End Cemetery in Wytheville. Trinkle Hall (formally known as Trinkle Library) on the campus of the University of Mary Washington and Trinkle Hall on the campus of the College of William and Mary are both named in his honor, as he helped secure funding to construct the buildings. Trinkle Hall on the Radford University campus is also named for him.

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Esam Omeish
Esam S. Omeish (born December 19, 1967) is a Libyan-born American physician and chief of the Division of General Surgery at Inova Alexandria Hospital since 2006. He is also a member of the Board of Directors of the Dar Al-Hijrah mosque and former President of the Muslim American Society.
As President of the MAS in 2005, Omeish represented the organization at a news conference announcing an anti-terrorism campaign launched by a coalition of US-based Muslim groups.
In August 2007, Virginia Governor Timothy M. Kaine appointed Omeish to the Virginia Commission on Immigration. After a public controversy, Omeish resigned his seat on the commission. In 2009, he unsuccessfully ran for State Assemblyman in a primary election in the 35th District of the Virginia House of Delegates.
Omeish immigrated to the United States in 1982, not knowing any English. He attended J. E. B. Stuart High School in Falls Church, Virginia, where he and his brothers started the first Friday prayers in a high school in the District of Columbia area. He finished secondary school in two and half years, excelled in gifted programs and advanced placement courses, graduating with a near perfect grade point average.

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Estes Kefauver
Carey Estes Kefauver ( /ˈɛstɨs ˈkiːfɔːvər/; July 26, 1903 – August 10, 1963) was an American politician from Tennessee. A member of the Democratic Party, he served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1939 to 1949 and in the Senate from 1949 to his death in 1963.
After leading a much-publicized investigation into organized crime in the early 1950s, he twice sought his party's nomination for President of the United States. In 1956, he was selected by the Democratic National Convention to be the running mate of presidential nominee Adlai Stevenson. Still holding his U.S. Senate seat after the Stevenson-Kefauver ticket lost to the Eisenhower-Nixon ticket in 1956, Kefauver was named chair of the U.S. Senate Antitrust and Monopoly Subcommittee in 1957 and served as its chairman until his death.
Kefauver was born in Madisonville, Tennessee, to Robert Cooke Kefauver and Phredonia Bradford Estes. Robert Kefauver was a hardware manager. Estes attended the University of Tennessee from 1922 to 1924, receiving a bachelor of arts degree and being initiated into the Lambda Chapter of the Kappa Sigma Fraternity. After a year of teaching mathematics and coaching football at a Hot Springs, Arkansas, high school, he attended Yale University, from which he received an LL.B. cum laude in 1927. For the next dozen years Kefauver practiced law in Chattanooga, first with the firm of Cooke, Swaney & Cooke, as a partner in Sizer, Chambliss & Kefauver, and later in the firm of Duggan, McDonald, & Kefauver. In 1935 he married Nancy Pigott of Glasgow, Scotland, eight years his junior, whom he had met during her visit to relatives in Chattanooga. They raised four children, one of them adopted. Mrs. Kefauver died in 1967.

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Evan Bayh
Birch Evans "Evan" Bayh III (pronounced /ˈbaɪ/ BY; born December 26, 1955) is a lawyer, advisor and former Democratic politician who served as the junior U.S. Senator from Indiana from 1999 to 2011. He earlier served as the 46th Governor of Indiana from 1989 to 1997.
Bayh first held public office as the Secretary of State of Indiana, elected in 1986. He held the position for only two years before being elected Governor where he successfully advocated for state welfare reform, tax cuts, and fiscal discipline. He left his office after completing two terms and briefly took a job lecturing at Indiana University Kelley School of Business, before being elected to the U.S. Senate seat once held by his father, Birch Bayh.
On February 15, 2010, Bayh announced he would not seek reelection to the Senate in 2010. After leaving the Senate, he became a partner with the law firm McGuireWoods in the firm's Washington, D.C., office. He also serves as a senior adviser with Apollo Global Management. He was hired as a Fox News contributor in March 2011.

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Fitzhugh Lee
Fitzhugh Lee (November 19, 1835 – April 28, 1905), nephew of Robert E. Lee, was a Confederate cavalry general in the American Civil War, the 40th Governor of Virginia, diplomat, and United States Army general in the Spanish-American War.
Lee was born at Clermont in Fairfax County, Virginia. He was the grandson of "Light Horse Harry" Lee, a nephew of Robert E. Lee and Samuel Cooper, and cousin of George Washington Custis Lee, W.H.F. "Rooney" Lee, and Robert E. Lee, Jr. His father, Sydney Smith Lee, was a fleet captain under Commodore Perry in Japanese waters and rose to the rank of Commodore; his mother, Anna Maria Mason Lee, was a granddaughter of George Mason and the sister of James Murray Mason.
Graduating from the United States Military Academy in 1856, Lee was commissioned a second lieutenant in the 2nd Cavalry Regiment (later redesignated the 5th Cavalry Regiment), which was commanded by Colonel Albert Sidney Johnston, and in which his uncle, Robert E. Lee, was lieutenant colonel. As a cavalry subaltern, he distinguished himself by his gallant conduct in actions against the Comanches in Texas, and was severely wounded in a fight in Nescutunga, Texas, in 1859. In May 1860, he was appointed instructor of cavalry tactics at West Point, but resigned his commission upon the secession of Virginia.

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Franklin Pierce
Franklin Pierce (November 23, 1804 – October 8, 1869) was the 14th President of the United States (1853–1857) and is the only President from New Hampshire. Pierce was a Democrat and a "doughface" (a Northerner with Southern sympathies) who served in the U.S. House of Representatives and the Senate. Pierce took part in the Mexican-American War and became a brigadier general in the Army. His private law practice in his home state, New Hampshire, was so successful that he was offered several important positions, which he turned down. Later, he was nominated as the party's candidate for president on the 49th ballot at the 1852 Democratic National Convention. In the presidential election, Pierce and his running mate William R. King won by a landslide in the Electoral College. They defeated the Whig Party ticket of Winfield Scott and William A. Graham by a 50 percent to 44 percent margin in the popular vote and 254 to 42 in the electoral vote.
He made many friends, but he suffered tragedy in his personal life; all of his children died when young. As president, he made many divisive decisions which were widely criticized and earned him a reputation as one of the worst presidents in U.S. history. Pierce's popularity in the Northern states declined sharply after he supported the Kansas–Nebraska Act, which replaced the Missouri Compromise and renewed debate over the expansion of slavery in the American West. Pierce's credibility was further damaged when several of his diplomats issued the Ostend Manifesto. The historian David Potter concludes that the Ostend Manifesto and the Kansas-Nebraska Act were "the two great calamities of the Franklin Pierce administration.... Both brought down an avalanche of public criticism."^{[citation needed]} More importantly, says Potter, they permanently discredited Manifest Destiny and "popular sovereignty" as political doctrines.

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Gary Reams
Gary Reams is a telecommunications industry manager and was the 2001 Libertarian candidate for Lieutenant Governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia.
This candidacy followed an unsuccessful 2000 election bid for United States Senate. Reams dubbed his campaign the "Reams Reeferendum," declaring that it was a referendum on cannabis prohibition. He debated Democrat Tim Kaine on public television, persistently linking every question to the marijuana issue, which he regarded as relevant to all other political issues, including taxes, law enforcement, the environment, foreign policy, and public safety. Republican Jay Katzen declined to participate in the debate, but participated in other debates from which Gary Reams, as a third party candidate, was barred. Reams garnered less than 2% of the statewide vote, although he polled several times that percentage in Charlottesville, Virginia, where he had campaigned extensively.
Reams attributed the poor showing to the media blackout of his campaign resulting from the September 11, 2001 attacks, which focused attention on anthrax, terrorism and other issues of survival. Reams' strategy depended on free media coverage, since he lacked a large campaign fund.

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George McGovern
George Stanley McGovern (born July 19, 1922) is a historian, author, and former U.S. Representative, U.S. Senator, and the Democratic Party nominee in the 1972 presidential election.
McGovern grew up in Mitchell, South Dakota, where he was a renowned debater. He volunteered for the U.S. Army Air Forces upon the country's entry into World War II and as a B-24 Liberator pilot flew 35 missions over German-occupied Europe. Among the medals awarded him was a Distinguished Flying Cross for making a hazardous emergency landing of his damaged plane and saving his crew. After the war he gained degrees from Dakota Wesleyan University and Northwestern University, culminating in a Ph.D, and was a history professor. He was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1956 and re-elected in 1958. After a failed bid for the U.S. Senate in 1960, he was elected there in 1962.
As a senator, McGovern was an exemplar of modern American liberalism. He became most known for his outspoken opposition to the growing U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. He staged a brief nomination run in the 1968 presidential election as a stand-in for the assassinated Robert F. Kennedy. The subsequent McGovern–Fraser Commission fundamentally altered the Democratic presidential nominating process, by greatly increasing the number of caucuses and primaries and reducing the influence of party insiders. The McGovern–Hatfield Amendment sought to end the Vietnam War by legislative means but was defeated in 1970 and 1971. McGovern's long-shot, grassroots-based 1972 presidential campaign found triumph in gaining the Democratic nomination but left the party badly split ideologically, and the failed vice-presidential pick of Thomas Eagleton undermined McGovern's credibility. In the general election McGovern lost to incumbent Richard Nixon in one of the biggest landslides in American history. Re-elected Senator in 1968 and 1974, McGovern was defeated in a bid for a fourth term in 1980.

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Geraldine Ferraro
Geraldine Anne Ferraro (August 26, 1935 – March 26, 2011) was an American attorney, a Democratic Party politician, and a member of the United States House of Representatives. She was the first female Vice Presidential candidate representing a major American political party.
Ferraro grew up in New York City and became a teacher and lawyer. She joined the Queens County District Attorney's Office in 1974, where she headed the new Special Victims Bureau that dealt with sex crimes, child abuse, and domestic violence. She was elected to the House in 1978, where she rose rapidly in the party hierarchy while focusing on legislation to bring equity for women in the areas of wages, pensions, and retirement plans. In 1984, former Vice President and presidential candidate Walter Mondale selected Ferraro to be his running mate in the upcoming election. In doing so she became the only Italian American to be a major-party national nominee in addition to being the first woman. The positive polling the Mondale-Ferraro ticket received when she joined faded as questions about her and her husband's finances arose. In the general election, Mondale and Ferraro were defeated in a landslide by incumbent President Ronald Reagan and Vice President George H. W. Bush.

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Grover Cleveland
Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 – June 24, 1908) was the 22nd and 24th President of the United States. Cleveland is the only president to serve two non-consecutive terms (1885–1889 and 1893–1897) and therefore is the only individual to be counted twice in the numbering of the presidents. He was the winner of the popular vote for president three times—in 1884, 1888, and 1892—and was the only Democrat elected to the presidency in the era of Republican political domination that lasted from 1861 to 1913.
Cleveland was the leader of the pro-business Bourbon Democrats who opposed high tariffs, Free Silver, inflation, imperialism and subsidies to business, farmers or veterans. His battles for political reform and fiscal conservatism made him an icon for American conservatives of the era. Cleveland won praise for his honesty, independence, integrity, and commitment to the principles of classical liberalism. Cleveland relentlessly fought political corruption, patronage, and bossism. Indeed, as a reformer his prestige was so strong that the reform wing of the Republican Party, called "Mugwumps", largely bolted the GOP ticket and swung to his support in 1884.

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Henry Carter Stuart
Henry Carter Stuart (January 18, 1855 – July 24, 1933) was a businessman and U.S. political figure from Virginia. He served as the 47th Governor of Virginia between 1914 and 1918, which encompassed the time period of World War I.
A graduate of Emory and Henry College (1874), Stuart was a wealthy man as a result of taking over his father's diverse financial and agricultural interests. He was an active member of the Virginia Constitutional convention of 1901-1902 and served in the State Corporation Commission from 1902-1908. He later became the first Governor in Virginia history to win unopposed in both the primary and general elections.

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Henry Howell
Henry Evans Howell, Jr. (September 5, 1920 – July 7, 1997), nicknamed "Howlin'" Henry Howell, was an American politician from the U.S. state of Virginia. A member of the Democratic Party, he served in both houses of the state legislature, was elected the 31st Lieutenant Governor of Virginia as an Independent, and made several runs for Governor.
Born in Richmond, Virginia, Howell grew up in Norfolk. He earned an undergraduate degree from the College of William and Mary and a Juris Doctor from the University of Virginia. He first got involved in politics in 1949, campaigning for gubernatorial candidate Francis Pickens Miller against John S. Battle, the favored candidate of the Byrd Organization, the state's political machine, in the Democratic primary. Battle defeated Miller in the primary and went on to win the general election. In 1952, Howell managed Miller's campaign against incumbent U.S. Senator Harry F. Byrd, the leader of the political machine, a campaign that Miller also lost.
The following year, Howell ran for a seat in the Virginia House of Delegates, but lost the election. In 1959, he was elected to the seat, but lost a campaign for re-election in 1961. He reclaimed the seat two years later in 1963 and was elected to a seat in the Virginia State Senate in 1965.

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Henry Lee III
Henry Lee III (January 29, 1756 – March 25, 1818) was an early American patriot who served as the ninth Governor of Virginia and as the Virginia Representative to the United States Congress. During the American Revolution, Lee served as a cavalry officer in the Continental Army and earned the nickname "Light-Horse Harry". Lee was also the father of Confederate general Robert E. Lee.
Lee was born near Dumfries, Virginia, the son of Henry Lee II (1730–1787) of "Leesylvania" and Lucy Grymes (1734–1792) the "Lowland Beauty." His father was the second cousin of Richard Henry Lee, twelfth President of the Continental Congress. His mother was an aunt of the wife of Virginia Governor Thomas Nelson Jr. His great-grandmother Mary Bland was also a great-aunt of President Thomas Jefferson.
Lee was the grandson of Henry Lee I, a great-grandson of Richard Bland, and a great-great-grandson of William Randolph. He was also a descendant of Theodorick Bland of Westover and Governor Richard Bennett.
Lee graduated from the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University) in 1773, and began pursuing a legal career. With the outbreak of the Revolutionary War, he became a Captain in a Virginia dragoon detachment, which was attached to the 1st Continental Light Dragoons. In 1778, Lee was promoted to Major and given the command of a mixed corps of cavalry and infantry known as Lee's Legion, with which he won a great reputation as a leader of light troops.

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Henry Wirtz Thomas
Henry Wirtz Thomas (1812–1890), a Republican politician, served as the 12th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia from 1875 to 1878.
Thomas, from Fairfax County, Virginia,served in office from March 1, 1875, until January 1, 1878.

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Horace Greeley
Horace Greeley (February 3, 1811 – November 29, 1872) was an American newspaper editor, a founder of the Liberal Republican Party, a reformer, a politician, and an outspoken opponent of slavery. The New York Tribune (which he founded and edited) was America's most influential newspaper from the 1840s to the 1870s and "established Greeley's reputation as the greatest editor of his day." Greeley used it to promote the Whig and Republican parties, as well as opposition to slavery and a host of reforms ranging from vegetarianism to socialism.
Crusading against the corruption of Ulysses S. Grant's Republican administration, he was the new Liberal Republican Party's candidate in the 1872 U.S. presidential election. Despite having the additional support of the Democratic Party, he lost in a landslide. He is the only presidential candidate to have died prior to the counting of electoral votes.
Greeley was born on February 3, 1811, in Amherst, New Hampshire, the son of poor farmers Zaccheus and Mary Greeley. He declined a scholarship to Phillips Exeter Academy and left school at the age of 14. After serving as a printer's apprentice to Amos Bliss, editor of the Northern Spectator, a newspaper in East Poultney, Vermont, and working as a printer on the Erie Gazette in Erie, Pennsylvania, in 1831 he went to New York City to seek his fortune as an editor. Three years later, having worked as a printer for the Evening Post and several other newspapers, he had accumulated enough capital to launch a weekly literary and news journal, the New Yorker, and, in 1840, a Whig campaign weekly, the Log Cabin.

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Horatio Seymour
Horatio Seymour (May 31, 1810 – February 12, 1886) was an American politician. He was the 18th Governor of New York from 1853 to 1854 and from 1863 to 1864. He was the Democratic Party nominee for president of the United States in the presidential election of 1868, but lost the election to Republican and former Union General of the Army Ulysses S. Grant.
Horatio Seymour was born in Pompey Hill, Onondaga County, New York. His father was Henry Seymour, a merchant and politician; his mother, Mary Ledyard Forman (1785–1859), of Matawan, New Jersey, was the daughter of General Johnathan Forman and Mary Ledyard. At the age of 10 he moved with the rest of his family to Utica, where he attended a number of local schools, including Geneva College (later Hobart College). In the autumn of 1824 he was sent to the American Literary, Scientific & Military Academy. Upon his return to Utica in 1827, Seymour read for the law in the offices of Greene Bronson and Samuel Beardsley. Though admitted to the bar in 1832, he did not enjoy work as an attorney and was primarily preoccupied with politics and managing his family's business interests. He married Mary Bleecker in 1835.

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Howard Dean
Howard Brush Dean III (born November 17, 1948) is an American politician and physician from Vermont. He served six terms as the 79th Governor of Vermont and ran unsuccessfully for the 2004 Democratic presidential nomination. He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2005 to 2009. Although his U.S. Presidential campaign was unsuccessful, Dean is regarded as a pioneer in raising the profile of Internet-based fundraising and grassroots organizing.
Before entering politics, Dean earned his medical degree from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in 1978. Dean was elected to the Vermont House of Representatives as a Democrat in 1982 and was elected lieutenant governor in 1986. Both were part-time positions that enabled him to continue practicing medicine. In 1991, Dean became governor of Vermont when Richard A. Snelling died in office. Dean was subsequently elected to five two-year terms, serving from 1991 to 2003, making him the second longest-serving governor in Vermont history, after Thomas Chittenden (1778–1789 and 1790–1797). Dean served as chairman of the National Governors Association from 1994 to 1995; during his term, Vermont paid off much of its public debt and had a balanced budget 11 times, lowering income taxes twice. Dean also oversaw the expansion of the "Dr. Dynasaur" program, which ensures universal health care for children and pregnant women in the state. He is a noted staunch supporter of universal health care.

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Hubert Humphrey
Hubert Horatio Humphrey, Jr. (May 27, 1911 – January 13, 1978), served under President Lyndon B. Johnson as the 38th Vice President of the United States.
Humphrey twice served as a United States Senator from Minnesota, and served as Democratic Majority Whip. He was a founder of the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party and Americans for Democratic Action. He also served as Mayor of Minneapolis, Minnesota from 1945 to 1949. Humphrey was the nominee of the Democratic Party in the 1968 presidential election but lost to the Republican nominee, Richard Nixon.
Humphrey was born in a room over his father's drugstore in Wallace, South Dakota. He was the son of Hubert Humphrey, Sr. (1882–1949) and Ragnild Kristine Sannes (1883–1973), a Norwegian immigrant. Humphrey spent most of his youth in Doland, South Dakota, on the Dakota prairie; the town's population was about 700 people when he lived there. His father was a pharmacist who served as mayor and a town-council member. In the late 1920s a severe economic downturn hit Doland; both of the town's banks closed and Humphrey's father struggled to keep his drugstore open.

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James Barbour
James Barbour (June 10, 1775 – June 7, 1842) was an American lawyer, a member and speaker of the Virginia House of Delegates, the 18th Governor of Virginia, the first Governor to reside in the current Virginia Governor's Mansion, a U.S. Senator from 1814–1825, and the United States Secretary of War from 1825-1828. Barbour was a renowned statesman and orator. His abilities to persuade by speech were noted by several of his peers, including John Quincy Adams. Barboursville, Virginia located in Orange County was named after James Barbour. The ruin of Barbour's mansion, Barboursville, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and can be found on the grounds of Barboursville Vineyards in the Madison-Barbour Rural Historic District in Barboursville, Virginia. The mansion was designed by James Barbour's friend, Thomas Jefferson. Barbour County, Alabama is named in his honor. Barbour County in West Virginia, as well as Barbourville, Kentucky and Barboursville, West Virginia are all named in honor of James Barbour. He was the brother of Philip Pendleton Barbour, as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court as well as the first cousin of John S. Barbour and first cousin, once removed of John S. Barbour, Jr..

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James Buchanan
James Buchanan, Jr. (April 23, 1791 – June 1, 1868, English pronunciation: /bjuːˈkænən/) was the 15th President of the United States (1857–1861). He is the only president from Pennsylvania and the only president who remained a lifelong bachelor. His niece Harriet Lane played the role as lady of the house.
Buchanan (often called Buck-anan by his contemporaries) was a popular and experienced state politician and a successful attorney before his presidency. He represented Pennsylvania in the U.S. House of Representatives and later the Senate, and served as Minister to Russia under President Andrew Jackson. He was also Secretary of State under President James K. Polk. After he turned down an offer for an appointment to the Supreme Court, President Franklin Pierce appointed him Minister to the United Kingdom, in which capacity he helped draft the controversial Ostend Manifesto.
Buchanan was nominated in the 1856 election. Throughout most of Franklin Pierce's term he was stationed in London as a Minister to the Court of St. James's and therefore was not caught up in the crossfire of sectional politics that dominated the country. Buchanan was viewed by many as a compromise between the two sides of the slavery question. His subsequent election victory took place in a three-man race with John C. Frémont and Millard Fillmore. As President, he was often called a "doughface", a Northerner with Southern sympathies, who battled with Stephen A. Douglas for the control of the Democratic Party. Buchanan's efforts to maintain peace between the North and the South alienated both sides, and the Southern states declared their secession in the prologue to the American Civil War. Buchanan's view of record was that secession was illegal, but that going to war to stop it was also illegal. Buchanan, first and foremost an attorney, was noted for his mantra, "I acknowledge no master but the law."

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James Farley
James Aloysius Farley (May 30, 1888 – June 9, 1976) was one of the first Irish Catholic politicians in American history to achieve success on a national level, serving as Chairman of the New York State Democratic Committee, Chairman of the Democratic National Committee and as Postmaster General simultaneously under the first two administrations of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. A business executive and dignitary, and a Knight of Malta, Farley was commonly referred to as a political kingmaker, and was responsible for Franklin D. Roosevelt's rise to the presidency. Farley was the campaign manager for New York State politician Alfred E. Smith's 1922 gubernatorial campaign and Franklin D. Roosevelt's 1928 and 1930 gubernatorial campaigns, as well as FDR's Presidential campaigns of 1932 and 1936. Farley predicted large landslides in both, and revolutionized the use of polling, and polling data. He was responsible for pulling together the New Deal Coalition of Catholics, labor unions, blacks, and farmers for FDR. Farley, and the administration's patronage machine he presided over, helped to fuel the social and infrastructure programs of the New Deal. Farley opposed Franklin Roosevelt breaking the two term tradition of the Presidency, and broke with Roosevelt on that issue in 1940.

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James Hoge Tyler
James Hogue Tyler (August 11, 1846 - January 3, 1925) was a United States political figure. He was the 16th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia from 1890 to 1894, and the 43rd Governor of Virginia from 1898 to 1902. He compiled The Family of Hoge, published (posthumously) in 1927. A copy is viewable at.
Governor Tyler was from an old illustrious family, both pioneers and carriage trade.
He was born at Blenheim in Caroline County, Virginia on August 11, 1846. Two hours after his birth his mother died. His grandparents took him 300 miles by carriage to his mother's home, Hayfield, subsequently known as Belle Hampton in Pulaski County, Virginia. There he was raised by his maternal grandparents, General James Hoge and Eleanor Haven Howe.
(General Hoge was the nephew of his wife's father and Eleanor Howe was the niece of her husband's mother, thus they were cousins, both grandchildren of Major Joseph Howe, who was the brother (most likely) or cousin of: George Augustus Howe, 3rd Viscount Howe; Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe, 4th Viscount Howe; and Sir William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe.)

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James Hubert Price
James Hubert Price (September 7, 1878 – November 22, 1943) was an American politician. Price was a Richmond, Virginia attorney and businessman. In the 1937 general election, he defeated Republican candidate John Powell Royall, a former State Senator. He served as the 53rd Governor of Virginia from 1938 to 1942 having already served as the 23rd Lieutenant Governor.
As governor, he implemented the Social Security Act, solicited federal funds for urban development, and advocated the inclusion of African Americans in the U.S. military. He was considered Virginia's "New Deal" governor.

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James McDowell
James McDowell (October 13, 1795 – August 24, 1851) was a U.S. Congressman and the 29th Governor of Virginia from 1843 to 1846.
McDowell was born at "Cherry Grove," near Rockbridge County, Virginia, on October 13, 1795. He attended a classical school at Greenville, Virginia, a private school at Brownsburg, Washington College (now Washington and Lee University), Lexington, Virginia, and Yale College He graduated from Princeton College in 1817 and studied law. He was admitted to the bar but did not practice. He was a member of the State house of delegates 1831–1835 and again in 1838. He was chosen as Governor of Virginia in 1843. He was elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-ninth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of William Taylor. He was reelected to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Congresses and served from March 6, 1846, to March 3, 1851. McDowell died on his estate "Col Alto" near Lexington, August 24, 1851. He was interred in Presbyterian Cemetery.
McDowell was the brother-in-law of Senator Thomas Hart Benton. McDowell County, West Virginia was formed in 1858 and named in honor of Governor McDowell.

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James Monroe
James Monroe (April 28, 1758 – July 4, 1831) was the fifth President of the United States (1817–1825). Monroe was the last president who was a Founding Father of the United States, and the last president from the Virginia dynasty and the Republican Generation. His presidency was marked both by an "Era of Good Feelings" – a period of relatively little partisan strife – and later by the Panic of 1819 and a fierce national debate over the admission of the Missouri Territory. Monroe is most noted for his proclamation of the Monroe Doctrine in 1823, which stated that the United States would not tolerate further European intervention in the Americas.
Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, Monroe fought in the American Revolutionary War. He was injured in the Battle of Trenton with a musket ball to his shoulder. After studying law under Thomas Jefferson from 1780 to 1783, he served as a delegate in the Continental Congress. As an anti-federalist delegate to the Virginia convention that considered ratification of the United States Constitution, Monroe opposed ratification, claiming it gave too much power to the central government. Nonetheless, Monroe took an active part in the new government and in 1790 he was elected to the Senate of the first United States Congress, where he joined the Jeffersonians. He gained experience as an executive as the Governor of Virginia and rose to national prominence when as a diplomat in France he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. Monroe was of French and Scottish descent.

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James Patton Preston
James Patton Preston (June 21, 1774 – May 4, 1843) was a U.S. political figure. He served as the 20th Governor of Virginia between 1816 and 1819. He was the brother-in-law of John Floyd and uncle of James McDowell and John Buchanan Floyd.
Preston County, West Virginia was formed in 1818 and named in Governor Preston's honor.

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James Pleasants
James Pleasants, Jr. (October 24, 1769 – November 9, 1836) was an American politician who served in the U.S. Senate from 1819 to 1822 and was the 22nd Governor of Virginia from 1822 to 1825. Pleasants was born at “Cold Comfort,” in Powhatan County, Virginia, October 24, 1769. He pursued classical studies and graduated from the College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia. He studied law and was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Amelia County, Virginia in 1791.
Pleasants was the son of James Pleasants and Ann Randolph, the daughter of Isham Randolph of Dungeness and granddaughter of William Randolph. His sister was Susan.
Pleasants was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates 1797-1802 and clerk of the house of delegates 1803-1811. On January 30, 1811, he was appointed to the Court of Appeals but resigned almost immediately. Pleasants was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Twelfth and to the four succeeding Congresses and served from March 4, 1811, to December 14, 1819, when he resigned, having been elected a United States Senator. Pleasants served as chairman of the Committee on Public Expenditures (Thirteenth Congress), Committee on Expenditures in the Department of the Navy (Fifteenth Congress).

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James Taylor Ellyson
James Taylor Ellyson (May 20, 1847 – March 18, 1919) was a U.S. political figure from the Commonwealth of Virginia who served in a number of state political positions. Born in Richmond, Virginia, Ellyson began his political career as a member of the Richmond City Council. In his long political career, he went on to serve in the Senate of Virginia, as mayor of Richmond (1888–1894), and for twelve years (1906–1918) as the 20th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia.
He is buried in Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond.

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Jim Gilmore
James Stuart "Jim" Gilmore III (born October 6, 1949) is an American politician from the Commonwealth of Virginia, former 68th Governor of Virginia, and a member of the Republican Party. A native Virginian, Gilmore studied at the University of Virginia, and then served in the U.S. Army as a counterintelligence agent. He later was elected to public office as a county prosecutor, as the Attorney General of Virginia from 1994 to 1998, and as the 68th Governor of Virginia from 1998 to 2002.
Gilmore campaigned for the 2008 Republican presidential nomination until July 2007, when he became the first major Republican candidate to leave the race. Gilmore was nominated as the Republican candidate for Virginia's United States Senate seat being vacated by John Warner. In the November 2008 election, Gilmore lost to his Democratic opponent Mark Warner.
Gilmore was born in Richmond, Virginia to Margaret Evelyn (née Kandle), a church secretary, and James Stuart Gilmore, Jr., a grocery store butcher. He graduated from John Randolph Tucker High School and received an undergraduate degree from the University of Virginia in 1971. Gilmore associated himself with the University's College Republicans chapter, and the Jefferson Literary & Debating Society.

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Jim Webb
James Henry "Jim" Webb, Jr. (born February 9, 1946) is the senior United States Senator from Virginia. He is also an author and a former Secretary of the Navy. He is a member of the Democratic Party.
A 1968 graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy, Webb served as a Marine Corps infantry officer until 1972, and is a highly decorated Vietnam War combat veteran. During his four years with the Reagan administration, Webb served as the first Assistant Secretary of Defense for Reserve Affairs, then as Secretary of the Navy.
Webb won the Democratic nomination for the 2006 Virginia Senate race by defeating Harris Miller in the primary, then won the general election by defeating the Republican incumbent George Allen. Webb's thin margin in the general election (less than 0.5%) kept the outcome uncertain for nearly two days after polls closed on November 7, 2006, and provided the final seat that tilted the Senate to Democratic control. On his sixty-fifth birthday, he announced that he will not seek re-election in 2012, saying that he does not want to spend his whole life in politics, and that he wants to return to the private sector.

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Jimmy Carter
James Earl "Jimmy" Carter, Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th President of the United States (1977–1981) and was the recipient of the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize, the only U.S. President to have received the Prize after leaving office. Before he became President, Carter served as a U.S. Naval officer, was a peanut farmer, served two terms as a Georgia State Senator and one as Governor of Georgia (1971–1975).
During Carter's term as President, two new cabinet-level departments were created: the Department of Energy and the Department of Education. He established a national energy policy that included conservation, price control, and new technology. In foreign affairs, Carter pursued the Camp David Accords, the Panama Canal Treaties, the second round of Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT II), and returned the Panama Canal Zone to Panama. Throughout his career, Carter strongly emphasized human rights. He took office during a period of international stagflation, which persisted throughout his term. The end of his presidential tenure was marked by the 1979–1981 Iran hostage crisis, the 1979 energy crisis, the Three Mile Island nuclear accident, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan (at the end of 1979), 1980 Summer Olympics boycott by the United States of the Moscow Olympics and the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens.

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Jody Wagner
Jody Moses Wagner (born August 1955 in Canton, Ohio) is an American politician from Virginia Beach, Virginia. A Democrat, she served as State Treasurer of Virginia from January 2002 to January 2006, and as Virginia Secretary of Finance from January 2006 to August 2008. She was an unsuccessful candidate for United States House of Representatives in Virginia's 2nd congressional district in 2000. She was the nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Virginia in the 2009 election. She lost the election to the incumbent Bill Bolling.
Wagner received a B.A. in economics from Northwestern University in 1977, and a J.D. from Vanderbilt University in 1980. She was admitted to the bar in Tennessee in 1980 and in Virginia in 1984. Prior to joining state government, she worked for about 18 years at the Norfolk law firm Kaufman & Canoles, specializing in securities and banking law. She has been a board member of the Norfolk Foundation and the Sorensen Institute for Political Leadership. She is a former president of the Jewish Family Services of Tidewater and former board member of the Eastern Virginia Medical School.

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Joe Andrew
Joseph J. Andrew (born March 1, 1960) was National Chairman of the Democratic National Committee (DNC) from 1999–2001. He served with DNC General Chairman Ed Rendell. Asked to serve by President Bill Clinton, Andrew became, at the age of 39, one of the youngest chairpersons in the history of the DNC. He later served as Chairman of the New Democratic Network, and in 2006 helped to found The Blue Fund, a mutual fund which invests in companies that contribute to Democratic campaigns.
During the 2008 Democratic Presidential nominating contest he was one of the first to endorse Senator Hillary Clinton in November 2007. However, on May 1, 2008, he switched his endorsement from Clinton to Senator Barack Obama.
Andrew, a native of Indiana, graduated from Yale University in 1982 and Yale Law School in 1985. He is the author of a spy novel, The Disciples, published in 1993 by Simon & Schuster, and is currently a partner at SNR Denton in Washington, D.C.

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Joe Biden
Joseph Robinette "Joe" Biden, Jr. (pronunciation: /ˈdʒoʊsɨf rɒbɨˈnɛt ˈbaɪdən/; born November 20, 1942) is the 47th and current Vice President of the United States, serving under President Barack Obama. A Democrat, he was a United States Senator from Delaware from January 3, 1973 until his resignation on January 15, 2009, following his election to the Vice Presidency.
Biden was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania and lived there for ten years before moving to Delaware. He became an attorney in 1969, and was elected to a county council in 1970. Biden was first elected to the Senate in 1972 and became the sixth-youngest senator in U.S. history. He was re-elected to the Senate six times, was the fourth most senior senator at the time of his resignation, and is the 15th-longest serving Senator in history. Biden was a long-time member and former chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee. His strong advocacy helped bring about U.S. military assistance and intervention during the Bosnian War. He opposed the Gulf War in 1991. He voted in favor of the Iraq War Resolution in 2002, but later proposed resolutions to alter U.S. strategy there. He has also served as chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee, dealing with issues related to drug policy, crime prevention, and civil liberties, and led creation of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act and Violence Against Women Act. He chaired the Judiciary Committee during the contentious U.S. Supreme Court nominations of Robert Bork and Clarence Thomas.

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Joe Lieberman
Joseph Isadore "Joe" Lieberman (born February 24, 1942) is the senior United States Senator from Connecticut. A former member of the Democratic Party, he was the party's nominee for Vice President in the 2000 election. Currently an independent, he remains closely affiliated with the party.
Born in Stamford, Connecticut, Lieberman is a graduate of Yale University and Yale Law School. He was elected as a "reform Democrat" in 1970 to the Connecticut Senate, where he served three terms as Majority Leader. After an unsuccessful bid for the U.S. House of Representatives in 1980, he served as state Attorney General from 1983 to 1989. Lieberman defeated moderate Republican Lowell Weicker in 1988 to win election to the United States Senate and was re-elected in 1994 and 2000. In the 2000 United States presidential election, Lieberman was the Democratic nominee for Vice President, running with presidential nominee Al Gore, becoming the first Jewish candidate on a major American political party presidential ticket. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination in the 2004 presidential election.

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John Allen Muhammad
John Allen Muhammad (December 31, 1960 – November 10, 2009) was a spree killer from the United States. He, along with his younger partner, Lee Boyd Malvo, carried out the 2002 Beltway sniper attacks, killing at least 10 people. Muhammad and Malvo were arrested in connection with the attacks on October 24, 2002, following tips from alert citizens. Although the pairing's actions were classified as psychopathy attributable to serial killer characteristics by the media, whether or not their psychopathy meets this classification is debated by researchers.
Born as John Allen Williams, Muhammad joined the Nation of Islam in 1987 and later changed his surname to Muhammad. At Muhammad's trial, the prosecutor claimed that the rampage was part of a plot to kill his ex-wife and regain custody of his children, but the judge ruled that there was insufficient evidence to support this argument.
His trial for one of the murders (the murder of Dean Harold Meyers in Prince William County, Virginia) began in October 2003, and the following month he was found guilty of capital murder. Four months later he was sentenced to death. While awaiting execution in Virginia, in August 2005, he was extradited to Maryland to face some of the charges there, for which he was convicted of six counts of first-degree murder on May 30, 2006. Upon completion of the trial activity in Maryland, he was returned to Virginia's death row pending an agreement with another state or the District of Columbia seeking to try him. He was not tried on additional charges in other Virginia jurisdictions, and faced potential trials in three other states and the District of Columbia involving other deaths and serious woundings. All appeals of his conviction for killing Dean Harold Meyers had been made and rejected. Appeals for Muhammad's other trials remained pending at the time of his execution.

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John Edwards
Johnny Reid "John" Edwards (born June 10, 1953) is an American politician, who served as a U.S. Senator from North Carolina. He was the Democratic nominee for Vice President in 2004, and was a candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2004 and 2008.
He defeated incumbent Republican Lauch Faircloth in North Carolina's 1998 Senate election. Towards the end of his single six-year term, he sought the Democratic Party's nomination in the 2004 presidential election. He eventually became the 2004 Democratic candidate for vice-president, the running mate of presidential nominee Senator John Kerry of Massachusetts.
Following Kerry's loss to incumbent President George W. Bush, Edwards began working full-time at the One America Committee, a political action committee he established in 2001, and was appointed director of the Center on Poverty, Work and Opportunity at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Law. He was also a consultant for Fortress Investment Group LLC. Edwards launched a second bid for the Democratic nomination during the 2008 presidential campaign.

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John Garland Pollard
John Garland Pollard (August 4, 1871 – April 28, 1937) was an American politician who served as the 51st Governor of Virginia from 1930 to 1934.
John Garland Pollard was born on August 4, 1871 in King and Queen County, Virginia. He was the son of Baptist minister John Pollard of King and Queen County, Virginia. He attended Richmond College (now the University of Richmond) but was forced to leave for ill health. He later entered Columbian College, now George Washington University. Pollard also wrote "The Pamunkey Indians of Virginia," an anthropological survey that detailed the vanishing language and traditions of the early Virginia tribe.
His sister, Mary Ellen Pollard Clarke (1862–1939), was a prominent advocate of woman suffrage and wrote Human-Rights Not in Violation of States' Rights: An Appeal to the Men of Virginia (ca. 1915).
In 1904, he issued Pollard's Code, an annotation of Virginia's law. He became Attorney General in 1914 and moved to Europe in 1918, where he was trial justice of the Y.M.C.A.. Afterward, he was named by Woodrow Wilson as a member of the Federal Trade Commission.

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John Kerry
John Forbes Kerry (born December 11, 1943) is the senior United States Senator from Massachusetts, the 10th most senior United States Senator and chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. He was the presidential nominee of the Democratic Party in the 2004 presidential election, but lost to then President George W. Bush.
The son of an Army Air Corps serviceman, Kerry was born in Aurora, Colorado. He attended boarding school in Massachusetts and New Hampshire and went on to graduate from Yale University class of 1966, where he majored in political science. He enlisted in the Naval Reserve in 1966 and, during 1968-1969, served a four-month tour of duty in South Vietnam as officer-in-charge (OIC) of a Swift Boat. For that service he was awarded several combat medals that include the Silver Star, Bronze Star, and three Purple Hearts. After returning to the United States, Kerry joined the Vietnam Veterans Against the War in which he served as a nationally recognized spokesperson and as an outspoken opponent of the Vietnam war. During that period, he appeared before the Senate Committee on Foreign Affairs where he deemed United States war policy in Vietnam to be the cause of "war crimes".

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John Letcher
John Letcher (March 29, 1813 – January 26, 1884) was an American lawyer, journalist, and politician. He served as a Representative in the United States Congress, was the 34th Governor of Virginia during the American Civil War, and later served in the Virginia General Assembly. He was also active on the Board of Visitors of Virginia Military Institute.
John Letcher was born in the town of Lexington in Rockbridge County, Virginia. He attended private rural schools and Randolph-Macon College in Ashland, Virginia. In 1833, he was graduated from Washington Academy in Lexington. He studied law was admitted to the Virginia State Bar and opened a practice in Lexington in 1839.
Letcher was editor of the (Shenandoah) Valley Star newspaper from 1840 to 1850. He was active in the presidential campaigns of 1840, 1844, and 1848, serving as Democratic elector in 1848. Although never a true abolitionist, he signed the Ruffner Pamphlet of 1847, which proposed the abolition of slavery in that part of Virginia west of the Blue Ridge Mountains; however, he soon repudiated this antislavery stand. He was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1850.

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John Moran Bailey
John Moran Bailey (November 23, 1904 – April 10, 1975) was a U.S. political figure.
He dominated Connecticut Democratic politics as a party boss for many years. He served as the chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1961 until 1968, and was generally seen as one of the main behind-the-scenes backers of John F. Kennedy.
He was educated at the Catholic University of America and Harvard Law School.
Bailey was the dominant figure in Connecticut politics between 1950 and his death in 1975. From his office in Hartford two blocks from the State Capitol, he coordinated and controlled statewide election campaigns and the activities of the Connecticut General Assembly.
Bailey's tenure as head of the Connecticut Democratic party was credited with turning the state from one politically dominated by WASP Yankee Republicans to one dominated by Democratic candidates of Roman Catholic and Jewish background, such as Abraham Ribicoff, Thomas Dodd, John Dempsey, and Ella T. Grasso.
His Republican rival was Meade Alcorn, who also happened to serve as National Chairman of his party.

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John Munford Gregory
John Munford Gregory (July 8, 1804 – April 9, 1884) was a U.S. political figure and Acting Governor of Virginia from 1842 to 1843.
Gregory was born in Virginia on July 8, 1804 and was a member of the Virginia state House of Delegates from 1831 to 1840. He served as acting Governor of Virginia from 1842 to 1843 and then as a state court judge in Virginia. Gregory died on April 9, 1884 and was buried at Shockoe Cemetery in Richmond, Virginia. One of Gregory's hired slaves, John Dunjee, escaped and went on to become a prominent Baptist preacher.

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John Nance Garner
John Nance Garner IV (22 November 1868 – 7 November 1967), was an American Democratic politician and lawyer from Texas. He was a state representative from 1898 to 1902, and U.S. Representative from 1903 to 1933. He was the 44th Speaker of the House in 1931–1933. In 1932, he was elected the 32nd Vice President of the United States, serving from 1933 to 1941. A conservative Southerner, Garner opposed the sit-down strikes of the labor unions and the New Deal's deficit spending. He broke with President Franklin D. Roosevelt in early 1937 over the issue of enlarging the Supreme Court, and helped defeat it on the grounds that it centralized too much power in the President's hands. Otherwise he played a minor role in politics while Vice President.
Garner was born near the village of Detroit in Red River County in eastern Texas, to John Nance Garner, III, and his wife, the former Sarah Jane Guest. Garner attended Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee, for one semester before dropping out and returning home. He was a member of the Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity. He eventually studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1890, and began practice in Uvalde, Uvalde County, Texas.

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John Rutherfoord
John Rutherfoord (December 6, 1792, Richmond, Virginia - August 3, 1866) was a U.S. political figure. He served as Acting Governor of Virginia between 1841 and 1842. He was the brother-in-law of Edward Coles.

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John Sparkman
John Jackson Sparkman (December 20, 1899 – November 16, 1985) was an American politician from the U.S. state of Alabama. A Southern Democrat, Sparkman served in the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate from 1937 until 1979. He was the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President as Adlai Stevenson's running mate in the 1952 U.S. presidential election.
Sparkman was born on a farm near Hartselle, Alabama. He attended the rural schools and helped on the family farm. During World War I, he was a member of the Students Army Training Corps. He graduated from the University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa in 1921 and from University of Alabama School of Law in 1923. Sparkman was a founding member of the Gamma Alpha Chapter of Pi Kappa Alpha.
John Sparkman was admitted to the bar in 1925 and commenced practice in Huntsville. He was an instructor at Huntsville College from 1925 to 1928. A Freemason, he was life member of Helion Lodge#1 in Huntsville. He was also member of the Huntsville Scottish Rite bodies and a recipient of the Knight Commander Court of Honor (KCCH).

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John Tyler
John Tyler (29 March 1790 – 18 January 1862) was the tenth President of the United States (1841–1845), after being the tenth Vice President of the United States (1841). A native of Virginia, Tyler served as a state legislator, governor, U.S. representative, and U.S. senator before being elected Vice President in 1840. He was the first to succeed to the office of President on the death of the incumbent. Tyler's opposition to nationalism and emphatic support of states' rights endeared him to his fellow Virginians but alienated him from most of the political allies that brought him to power in Washington. His presidency was crippled by opposition from both parties. Near the end of his life, he supported the secession movement in the southern states, and was elected to the Congress of the Confederate States of America.
Tyler was born to an aristocratic Virginia family of English descent and he came to national prominence at a time of political upheaval. In the 1820s, the nation's only political party, the Democratic-Republicans, split into factions, most of which did not share Tyler's strict constructionist ideals. Though initially a Democrat, his opposition to Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren led him to alliance with the Whig Party; he was elected Vice President In 1840 on the Whig ticket. Upon the death of President William Henry Harrison on 4 April 1841, only a month after his inauguration, a short Constitutional crisis arose over the succession process. Tyler immediately moved into the White House, took the oath of office, and assumed full presidential powers, a precedent that would govern future successions and eventually be codified in the Twenty-fifth Amendment.

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John Warner
John William Warner (born February 18, 1927) is an American Republican politician who served as Secretary of the Navy from 1972 to 1974 and as a five-term United States Senator from Virginia from January 2, 1979, to January 3, 2009. He did not seek reelection in 2008 and has rejoined the law firm of Hogan Lovells, where he worked before joining the United States Department of Defense. Warner was also the sixth husband to actress Elizabeth Taylor, whom he married before being elected to the Senate. He is a veteran of World War II, and one of only five serving in the Senate at the time of his retirement.
John William Warner was born on February 18, 1927 to John W. and Martha Budd Warner and grew up in Washington, D.C., where he attended the elite St. Albans School before graduating from Woodrow Wilson High School in February 1945.
He enlisted in the United States Navy during World War II in January 1945, shortly before his 18th birthday. He served until the following year, leaving as a Petty Officer 3rd Class. He went to college at Washington and Lee University, where he was a member of Beta Theta Pi, graduating in 1949; he then entered the University of Virginia Law School.

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Joseph Lane
Joseph Lane (December 14, 1801 – April 19, 1881) was an American general during the Mexican-American War and Oregon Territory's first governor. Later, when Oregon became a state, he became one of her first United States Senators.
Lane was born in Buncombe County, North Carolina on December 14, 1801. He moved to Kentucky at a young age, and then moved to Indiana, where he was engaged in farming for a while. Lane and his wife, Polly Hart Lane, had ten children. While in Indiana, he served in the State House of Representatives and the Indiana Senate from 1822 to 1846.
At the outbreak of hostilities with Mexico, Lane was appointed colonel of the 2nd Indiana Volunteer Regiment and served along the border. The same year he was appointed brigadier general of volunteers and commanded the Indiana Brigade at the Battle of Buena Vista. After the battle he was appointed major general of volunteers and led the relief force which lifted the Siege of Puebla defeating Antonio López de Santa Anna at the Battle of Huamantla along the way.

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Katherine Hanley
Katherine Keith Hanley (born March 5, 1943) is a Democratic politician in Virginia. She served as Secretary of the Commonwealth of Virginia from 2006 to 2010, having been appointed to that post by Governor Tim Kaine following the rejection of his first nominee, state AFL-CIO President Daniel G. LeBlanc by the Virginia General Assembly.
She previously served as Chairman of the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors from 1995 to 2003, as a county Supervisor for the Providence District from 1986 to 1995, and on the Fairfax County School Board. She is said to have contemplated running for Lieutenant Governor of Virginia in 2001, but deferred to then Mayor of Richmond Tim Kaine. In 2003 she did not seek reelection to the Board of Supervisors, and instead mounted a primary challenge against Jim Moran for Virginia's 8th congressional district; she abandoned that campaign in December for family reasons. In July, 2004 Governor Mark Warner appointed her to the Commonwealth Transportation Board. Following Kaine's election as Governor in November, 2005, she was rumored to be a possible contender for Virginia Secretary of Transportation, but was passed over in favor of incumbent Secretary Pierce Homer.

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Kathleen Sebelius
Kathleen Sebelius (pronounced /sɨˈbiːliəs/; née Gilligan, born May 15, 1948) is an American politician currently serving as the 21st Secretary of Health and Human Services. She was the second female Governor of Kansas from 2003 to 2009, the Democratic respondent to the 2008 State of the Union address, and chair-emerita of the Democratic Governors Association.
Sebelius was born and raised in a Roman Catholic family in Cincinnati, Ohio. She attended the Summit Country Day School in Cincinnati and graduated from Trinity Washington University in Washington, D.C. with a B.A. in political science. She later earned a Master of Public Administration degree from the University of Kansas. She moved to Kansas in 1974, where she served for eight years as a representative in the Kansas Legislature and eight years as Insurance Commissioner before being elected governor.
Sebelius is the daughter of former Democratic Ohio Governor John J. Gilligan, and thus they became the first father/daughter governor pair in the United States after her election. Following passage of the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, she pointed out another father-daughter connection: her father had been in the House of Representatives when Medicare was originally passed in 1965.

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Lewis Cass
Lewis Cass (October 9, 1782 – June 17, 1866) was an American military officer and politician. During his long political career, Cass served as a governor of the Michigan Territory, an American ambassador, a U.S. Senator representing Michigan, and co-founder as well as first Masonic Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Michigan. He was the losing nominee of the Democratic Party for president in 1848. Cass was nationally famous as a leading spokesman for the controversial Doctrine of Popular Sovereignty, which would have allowed voters in the territories to determine whether to make slavery legal instead of having Congress decide.
Cass was born in Exeter, New Hampshire, where he attended Phillips Exeter Academy. His parents were Major Jonathan Cass and Molly Gilman. In 1800 he moved with his family to Marietta, Ohio. On May 26, 1806, he married the former Elizabeth Spencer. Interested in "passing knowledge forward" Cass joined the Freemasons on May 7, 1804 and was later elected as the third Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Ohio on January 4, 1808. Later he went on to co-found the Grand Lodge of Michigan being elected as its first Grand Master on July 21, 1826.

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Lloyd Bentsen
Lloyd Millard Bentsen, Jr. (February 11, 1921 – May 23, 2006) was a four-term United States senator (1971–1993) from Texas and the Democratic Party nominee for Vice President in 1988 on the Michael Dukakis ticket. He also served in the House of Representatives from 1949 to 1955. In his later political life, he was Chairman of the Senate Finance Committee and the U.S. Treasury Secretary during the first two years of the Clinton administration.
Bentsen was born in Mission in Hidalgo County in south Texas; his parents were Lloyd Millard Bentsen, Sr., a first-generation Danish American, and the former Edna Ruth Colbath. Bentsen was an Eagle Scout and recipient of the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award from the Boy Scouts of America. He attended Sharyland High School. He graduated from the University of Texas School of Law in 1942 where he was a member of the Upsilon Chapter of Sigma Nu fraternity and the Texas Cowboys. Upon graduation, he served in the United States Army Air Corps from 1942 to 1945. On November 27, 1943, he married Beryl Ann Longino, a fashion model, whom he first met in college.^{[citation needed]}

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Mark Warner
Mark Robert Warner (born December 15, 1954) is an American politician and businessman, currently serving as the junior United States Senator from the Commonwealth of Virginia. He is a member of the Democratic Party. Warner was the 69th governor of Virginia from 2002 to 2006 and is the honorary chairman of the Forward Together PAC. Warner delivered the keynote address before the nation at the 2008 Democratic National Convention. Mark Warner's experience as a congressional staffer and Democratic Party fundraiser in the 1980s prompted his involvement in telecommunications venture capital; he founded the firm Columbia Capital.
In 2006 he was widely expected to pursue the Democratic nomination in the 2008 U.S. presidential elections; however, he announced in October 2006 that he would not run, citing a desire not to disrupt his family life. Warner was considered to be a potential vice presidential candidate, but upon receiving the Democratic nomination for the U.S. Senate, he announced that he "will not accept any other opportunity." He is expected to become the state's senior senator when Jim Webb retires from the Senate in January 2013.

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Martin Van Buren
Martin Van Buren (Dutch: Maarten van Buren; December 5, 1782 – July 24, 1862) was the eighth President of the United States (1837–1841). Before his presidency, he was the eighth Vice President (1833–1837) and the tenth Secretary of State, under Andrew Jackson (1829–1831).
Van Buren was a key organizer of the Democratic Party, a dominant figure in the Second Party System, and the first president not of British or Irish descent—his family was Dutch. He was the first president to be born an American citizen, his predecessors having been born British subjects before the American Revolution. He is also the only president not to have spoken English as his first language, having grown up speaking Dutch, and the first president from New York.
As Andrew Jackson's Secretary of State and then Vice President, Van Buren was a key figure in building the organizational structure for Jacksonian democracy, particularly in New York State. As president, he did not want the United States to annex Texas, an act which John Tyler would achieve eight years after Van Buren's initial rejection. Between the bloodless Aroostook War and the Caroline Affair, relations with Britain and its colonies in Canada also proved to be strained.

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Michael Dukakis
Michael Stanley Dukakis (/dʉˈkɑːkɨs/; born November 3, 1933) served as the 65th and 67th Governor of Massachusetts from 1975–1979 and from 1983–1991, and was the Democratic presidential nominee in 1988. He was born to Greek immigrants in Brookline, Massachusetts, also the birthplace of John F. Kennedy, and was the longest serving governor in Massachusetts history. He was the second Greek American governor in U.S. history after Spiro Agnew.
Dukakis's father Panos (1896–1979) was a Greek from Adramytio, in Asia Minor, who settled in Lowell, Massachusetts in 1912, and graduated from Harvard Medical School twelve years later, subsequently working as an obstetrician. His mother Euterpe (née Boukis) (1903–2003) was a Greek immigrant from Larissa of Vlach-Aromanian descent; she and her family emigrated to Haverhill, Massachusetts, in 1913. She was a graduate of Bates College.
Dukakis attended Brookline High School in his hometown. He graduated from Swarthmore College in 1955, served in the U.S. Army 1955–1957, stationed in Korea, and then received his law degree from Harvard Law School in 1960. Dukakis is also an Eagle Scout and recipient of the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award from the Boy Scouts of America.

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Norman Edward Mack
Norman Edward Mack (July 24, 1858 - December 26, 1932) was editor and publisher of the Buffalo Daily Times. He was also chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1908 through 1912.
He was born July 24, 1855, in West Williams, Ontario. He was editor and publisher of the Buffalo Daily Times. He sold his paper in 1929 to Scripps-Howard for $6,000,000.
He retired in 1931 and died on December 26, 1932 in Buffalo, New York.

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Patrick Henry
Patrick Henry (May 29, 1736 – June 6, 1799) was an attorney, planter and politician who became known as an orator during the movement for independence in Virginia in the 1770s. A Founding Father, he served as the first and sixth post-colonial Governor of Virginia, from 1776 to 1779 and from 1784 to 1786.
Henry led the opposition to the Stamp Act of 1765 and is remembered for his "Give me Liberty, or give me Death!" speech. Along with Samuel Adams and Thomas Paine, he is remembered as one of the most influential exponents of Republicanism, promoters of the American Revolution and independence, especially in his defense of historic rights. With his first marriage, he became a landowner and slaveholder, and later owned thousands of acres of land in Virginia.
After the Revolution, Henry was a leader of the anti-federalists in Virginia. He opposed the United States Constitution, fearing that it endangered the rights of the States as well as the freedoms of individuals; he helped gain adoption of the Bill of Rights. By 1798 however, he supported President John Adams and the Federalists; he denounced passage of the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions as he feared the social unrest and widespread executions that had followed the increasing radicalism of the French Revolution.

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Percy Levar Walton
Percy Levar Walton (born October 18, 1978) was convicted and sentenced to death in 1997 for the November 1996 murders of Elizabeth and Jessee Hendrick, aged 81 and 80, and Archie Moore, aged 33, in Danville, Virginia.
He was scheduled to be executed on June 8, 2006, but the governor of Virginia, Tim Kaine, stayed the execution one hour before it was due to take place and has ordered a mental examination of the convict to determine if he is fit for execution or not. It was reported that Walton has an IQ of just 66, other reports claim that a test conducted before his 18th birthday put his IQ at 90.
Governor Kaine stated that it would be immoral to either execute or pardon Walton without further investigations, and ordered that the court would evaluate the results of the examinations and, if applicable, set a new execution date on December 9, 2006. Kaine's decision sparked criticism from his political opponents, who during the recent election campaigns claimed that he was soft on crime and unwilling to make use of the death penalty.

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Richard Joseph Davis
Richard Joseph 'Dick' Davis Jr. (August 4, 1921–March 4, 1999) was the 34th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia from 1982-1986. He also ran for United States Senate in 1982, but lost to Republican candidate Paul S. Trible Jr.

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Robert Craig Kent
Robert Craig Kent (1828–1905) was an attorney and political figure from the Commonwealth of Virginia. A graduate of Princeton University, Kent was admitted to the Virginia Bar in 1853 and commenced the practice of law in Wytheville. After several years of successful private practice, Kent was elected as the Commonwealth's Attorney for Wythe County, then twice to the Virginia House of Delegates. In 1894, he won election to a four year term as the 17th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia.

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Roy Romer
Roy R. Romer (born October 31, 1928 in Garden City, Kansas, United States) was the 39th Governor of Colorado and served as the superintendent of the Los Angeles Unified School District from 2001 to 2006.
Romer grew up in the southeastern Colorado town of Holly. Romer received a bachelor's degree in agricultural economics from Colorado State University in 1950, where he served for one year as President of the Associated Students of Colorado State University. He later received a law degree from the University of Colorado School of Law in 1952. He also studied ethics at Yale University, and was a legal officer in the U.S. Air Force. He and his wife, Bea, have seven children and 19 grandchildren and one greatgrandchild. His son Paul Romer is an economist, and his son Chris Romer, was elected to a Colorado State Senate seat from Denver in November 2006.
In the 1950s and 1960s, Romer was an attorney in Denver. He was also active in the management of his family's agricultural operations throughout Colorado. Romer has continued and is also the owner, with one of his sons, of a chain of John Deere equipment stores in Colorado, Virginia and Florida. He helped develop Colorado's Centennial Airport, ran a flying school and owned and operated a ski area.

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Samuel Price
Samuel Price (July 28, 1805 – February 25, 1884) was a United States Senator from West Virginia. Born in Fauquier County, Virginia, he moved with his parents to Preston County (now in West Virginia) in 1815. He received a preparatory training, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1832, commencing the practice of his profession in Nicholas and Braxton Counties. He was county clerk of Nicholas County 1830 and prosecuting attorney in 1833. He was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1834 to 1836, and moved to Wheeling, Virginia (now West Virginia) in 1836 and to Lewisburg, Virginia (now West Virginia) in 1838. He was prosecuting attorney for Braxton County from 1836 to 1850 and a member of the House of Delegates from 1847 to 1850 and in 1852.
Price was a delegate to the constitutional conventions in 1850, 1851, and 1861; in 1863 he was elected the fifth Lieutenant Governor of Virginia in and served until the close of the Civil War. He was a delegate to the constitutional convention of West Virginia in 1872 and was its president. He was appointed as a Democrat to the U.S. Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Allen T. Caperton and served from August 26, 1876, to January 26, 1877, when a successor was elected. He was an unsuccessful candidate in 1876 for election to fill the vacancy. In 1884 he died in Lewisburg. Interment was in the Stuart Burying Ground at Stuart Manor, near Lewisburg.

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Sargent Shriver
Robert Sargent Shriver, Jr., known as Sargent Shriver, R. Sargent Shriver, or, from childhood, Sarge, (/ˈsɑrdʒənt ˈʃraɪvər/; November 9, 1915 – January 18, 2011) was an American statesman and activist. As the husband of Eunice Kennedy Shriver, he was part of the Kennedy family, serving in the Kennedy and Johnson administrations. Shriver was the driving force behind the creation of the Peace Corps, founded the Job Corps, Head Start and other programs as the "architect" of Johnson's "War on Poverty" and served as the United States Ambassador to France. During the 1972 U.S. presidential election, he was George McGovern's running mate as the Democratic Party's nominee for U.S. Vice President, replacing Thomas Eagleton who had resigned from the ticket.
Shriver was born in Westminster, Maryland, to Robert Sargent Shriver, Sr., and his wife Hilda Shriver. Of partial German ancestry, Shriver was a descendant of David Shriver, who signed the Maryland Constitution and Bill of Rights at Maryland's Constitutional Convention of 1776. He spent his high school years at Canterbury School in New Milford, Connecticut, which he attended on a full scholarship. He was in Canterbury's baseball, basketball, and football team, became the editor of the school's newspaper, and participated in choral and debating clubs. After he graduated in 1934, Shriver spent the summer in Germany as part of the Experiment in International Living, returning in the fall of 1934 to enter Yale University. He received his bachelor's degree in 1938, having been a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity (Phi chapter) and the Scroll and Key Society. He was chairman of the Yale Daily News. Shriver then attended Yale Law School, earning an LL.B. degree in 1941.

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Saxon Winston Holt
Saxon Winston Holt (1871–March 31, 1940), a Democrat, served as the 24th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia from 1938 until 1940.
Holt, from Newport News, Virginia, held office from January 19, 1938, until his death on March 31, 1940. His unexpired term went unfilled.

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Shelton Leake
Shelton Farrar Leake (November 30, 1812 – March 4, 1884) was a nineteenth-century politician, lawyer and teacher from Virginia.
Born near Hillsboro, Virginia, Leake completed preparatory studies, taught school, studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1835, commencing practice in Charlottesville, Virginia. He was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates in 1842 and 1843 and was elected a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives in 1844, serving from 1845 to 1847. Afterward, Leake resumed practicing law and in 1851 was elected the first Lieutenant Governor of Virginia, serving from 1852 to 1856. He was elected back to the House of Representatives as an Independent Democrat in 1858, serving again from 1859 to 1861. Leake again resumed practicing law until his death in Charlottesville, Virginia on March 4, 1884. He was interred in Charlottesville in Maplewood Cemetery.

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Terry McAuliffe
Terence Richard "Terry" McAuliffe (pronounced /mɨˈkɔːlɨf/; born February 9, 1957) is a longtime leader and political advisor for the United States Democratic Party. He served as chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2001 to 2005. He served as Co-Chairman of President Bill Clinton's 1996 re-election campaign and also served as chairman of the 2008 Hillary Clinton presidential campaign. He unsuccessfully ran for the 2009 Virginia Democratic gubernatorial nomination.
McAuliffe grew up in Syracuse, New York and graduated from Bishop Ludden Junior/Senior High School in 1975. His father was treasurer of the local Democratic organization. He started his first business, McAuliffe Driveway Maintenance, at the age of 14. In 1979, he received a bachelors degree from The Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C. After graduation, McAuliffe took a job in the 1980 presidential reelection campaign of Jimmy Carter, and at the age of 22 became the national finance director. It was during this campaign that McAuliffe wrestled an eight-foot, 260-pound alligator for a $15,000 contribution. After the campaign, McAuliffe enrolled in law school at Georgetown University Law Center. He received a Juris Doctor degree in 1984. McAuliffe then served as Chairman of the Federal City National Bank by the age of 30.

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Thomas Eagleton
Thomas Francis Eagleton (September 4, 1929 – March 4, 2007) was a United States Senator from Missouri, serving from 1968–1987. He is best remembered for briefly being the Democratic vice presidential nominee under George McGovern in 1972. After his public service he became adjunct professor of public affairs at Washington University.
Eagleton was the son of another St. Louis politician, Mark D. Eagleton (who had run for mayor), and Zitta Swanson.
He graduated from St. Louis Country Day School, served in the U.S. Navy for two years, and graduated from Amherst College in 1950, where he was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity (Sigma Chapter). He then attended Harvard Law School.
Eagleton married Barbara Ann Smith of St. Louis on January 26, 1956. A son, Terence, was born in 1959, and a daughter, Christin, was born in 1963.
He was elected circuit attorney of the City of St. Louis in 1956. During his tenure, he appeared on the TV show What's My Line? (episode #355) as "District Attorney of St. Louis". (He stumped the panel.) He was elected Missouri Attorney General in 1960, at the age of 31 (the youngest in the state's history). He was elected the 38th Lieutenant Governor of Missouri in 1964, and won a U.S. Senate seat in 1968 unseating incumbent Edward V. Long in the Democratic primary and narrowly defeating Congressman Thomas B. Curtis in the general election.

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Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 (April 2, 1743 O.S.) – July 4, 1826) was an American Founding Father, the principal author of the United States Declaration of Independence (1776) and the third President of the United States (1801–1809). At the beginning of the American Revolution, Jefferson served in the Continental Congress, representing Virginia. He then served as a wartime Governor of Virginia (1779–1781). Just after the war ended, from mid-1784 Jefferson served as a diplomat, stationed in Paris, initially as a commissioner to help negotiate commercial treaties. In May 1785, he became the United States Minister to France. He was the first United States Secretary of State (1790–1793) during the administration of President George Washington. Upon resigning his office, with his close friend James Madison he organized the Democratic-Republican Party. Elected Vice-President in 1796, under his opponent John Adams, Jefferson with Madison secretly wrote the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions, which attempted to nullify the Alien and Sedition Acts.

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Thomas Taggart
Thomas Taggart (November 17, 1856 – March 6, 1929) was a U.S. political figure, serving as mayor of Indianapolis and influential in state and national politics.
Born in County Monaghan, Ireland, Taggart immigrated with his parents to the United States in 1861. The family settled in Xenia, Ohio, where young Taggart got a job working the lunch counter at the railroad depot. At age 18, he was sent by his employer to manage the depot restaurant and hotel in Garrett, Indiana, where he met his future wife Eva Bryant. They married in 1878.
Taggart moved to Indianapolis in 1877 to run the restaurant at Union Depot.
Taggart became active in local politics in Indianapolis. He served as auditor of Marion County from 1886 to 1894. In 1895 he was elected mayor of Indianapolis, and served until 1901. He founded the city's park system during his tenure.
He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1904 until 1908. Taggart played a key role in ensuring the nomination of Thomas Riley Marshall as the Democratic nominee for Indiana Governor in 1908, and again in securing the Vice Presidential nomination for Marshall in 1912 at the Democratic National Convention in Baltimore.

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Thomas Walker Gilmer
Thomas Walker Gilmer (April 6, 1802 – February 28, 1844) was an American statesman.
Gilmer was born to George and Eliza Gilmer at their farm, "Gilmerton", in Albemarle County, Virginia. He was taught by private tutors in Charlottesville and Staunton, and studied law in Liberty (now Bedford), Virginia.
Gilmer practiced law in Charlottesville. He was, briefly, editor of the Virginia Advocate, a Charlottesville newspaper.
On May 23, 1826, Gilmer married Anne Elizabeth Baker of Shepherdstown, now in West Virginia. Her late father, John Baker, had been a member of the United States House of Representatives. They had a son, George Hudson Gilmer, a Presbyterian minister.
Gilmer first served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1829–36, representing Albemarle County. He returned in 1839-40 and was named Speaker.
On February 14, 1840, Gilmer was elected the 28th Governor of Virginia. While in office, he had a disagreement with the Virginia General Assembly over the extradition of slave stealers, which played a part in his running for Congress the following winter.

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Tim Kaine
Timothy Michael "Tim" Kaine (born February 26, 1958) is a Virginia politician. Kaine served as the 70th Governor of Virginia from 2006 to 2010, and was the chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2009 to 2011. He was elected governor in 2005, after serving as the 38th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia and Mayor of Richmond, Virginia.
Kaine was considered as a possible running mate for Barack Obama in 2008, but was not chosen.
On April 5, 2011, after weeks of speculation, Kaine announced his candidacy for the United States Senate seat in Virginia that would be opened up by the announced retirement of Jim Webb at the end of his term.
Kaine was born at Saint Joseph's Hospital in Saint Paul, Minnesota, to Mary Kathleen (née Burns) and Albert A. Kaine, a welder and the owner of a small iron-working shop. Kaine grew up in the Kansas City area and graduated from Rockhurst High School in Kansas City, Missouri.
Kaine graduated from the University of Missouri with a B.A. in economics in 1979. Kaine was a Coro Foundation fellow in Kansas City in 1978. He attended Harvard Law School, taking a year-long break during law school to work with the Jesuit order as a Catholic missionary in Honduras. Kaine is fluent in Spanish as a result of his year in Honduras. He graduated from Harvard Law School in 1983 with a Juris Doctor, and was admitted to the Virginia Bar. In 1984, Kaine married former Richmond Juvenile Court Judge Anne Holton. Holton is the daughter of former Virginia governor A. Linwood Holton, Jr. Kaine and Holton have three children, Nat, Woody, and Annella.

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Tom Ridge
Thomas Joseph "Tom" Ridge (born August 26, 1945) is an American politician who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives (1983–1995), the 43rd Governor of Pennsylvania (1995–2001), Assistant to the President for Homeland Security (2001–2003), and the first United States Secretary of Homeland Security (2003–2005). Since re-entering the private sector, Ridge has served on the boards of The Home Depot, The Hershey Company and Exelon Corporation and as a senior advisor to Deloitte & Touche, and TechRadium. Ridge is also the founder and CEO of Ridge Global, LLC, a Washington, D.C. based security consulting firm. Ridge spent time campaigning with Senator John McCain during his 2008 bid for the presidency and was believed by some to have been in the short list of potential running mates.
Ridge was born in Munhall, Pennsylvania, in Pittsburgh's Steel Valley, the oldest of three children. His parents were Laura (née Sudimack) and Thomas Regis Ridge, who was a traveling salesman and Navy veteran. Ridge's maternal grandparents were Carpatho-Rusyn immigrants from the former Czechoslovakia (now Slovakia), and his paternal great-grandparents emigrated from Great Britain. Ridge was raised in veterans' public housing in Erie, Pennsylvania. He was educated at St. Andrews Elementary School and Cathedral Preparatory School and did well both academically and in sports. He earned a scholarship to Harvard College, where he paid his way through with construction work, played intramural baseball and football, and graduated with honors in 1967.

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Viola Baskerville
Viola Baskerville (born October 29, 1951) served as Secretary of Administration in the Cabinet of Virginia Governor Tim Kaine from 2006 to 2010.
She was born in Richmond, Virginia. Her educational background includes a B.A. from the College of William and Mary earned in 1973, and a law degree from the University of Iowa College of Law earned in 1979. Furthermore she also studied abroad on a Fulbright Fellowship in Bonn, Germany.
Prior to her appointment as Secretary of Administration, she served on the Richmond City Council from 1994 to 1997, including a stint as the city's Vice Mayor under then-Mayor Tim Kaine. Following her tenure as Vice Mayor, she was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates, serving from 1998 to 2005. In 2005, she became the first African-American woman to seek the Democratic Party nomination for Lieutenant Governor of Virginia, coming in second place in the four-way primary behind State Senator Leslie L. Byrne, but ahead of State Delegate Chap Petersen, and State Senator Phillip Puckett. Following the 2005 general election, she served as Co-chair of Governor Kaine's Transition Team.

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Walter Mondale
Walter Frederick "Fritz" Mondale (born January 5, 1928) is an American Democratic Party politician who served as the 42nd Vice President of the United States (1977–1981) under President Jimmy Carter, and as a United States Senator from Minnesota (1964–1976). He was the Democratic Party's presidential candidate in the United States presidential election of 1984.
Mondale was born in Ceylon, Minnesota and graduated from the University of Minnesota in 1951. He then served in the US Army in the Korean War before earning a law degree in 1956. He married Joan Adams in 1955. Working as a lawyer in Minneapolis, Mondale was elected to the position of attorney general in 1960. He was appointed US Senator in late 1964 as a member of the Democratic Party upon the resignation of Hubert Humphrey, and held that post until 1976. In the Senate, he supported fair housing, tax reform and the desegregation of schools.^{[not verified in body]} He opposed United States involvement in the Vietnam War.^{[not verified in body]}

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Westmoreland Davis
Westmoreland "Morley" Davis (August 21, 1859 – September 7, 1942) a lawyer, farmer, and the 48th Governor of Virginia from February 1, 1918 to February 1, 1922.
Davis was born to a wealthy and prominent family on August 21, 1859. He was born on a boat in the Atlantic Ocean. The Davis family lost much of its wealth during the American Civil War. Davis and his mother, left a widow, struggled financially after the war, but he was able to attend the Virginia Military Institute on a scholarship. He was the youngest Cadet to ever attend at the age of 14. After graduating in 1877, he taught for 2 years then went to work as a clerk for the railroad company. Later, he "completed a year of post-graduate study at the University of Virginia in 1883," and studied at Columbia Law School from 1884 until graduating in 1886. He joined an elite New York City law firm and became wealthy.
In 1903, Davis purchased Morven Park where he planned to take up farming despite his lack of experience. Davis advocated reform in farming, especially the use of science to improve productivity and sanitation. In 1912, he bought the magazine Southern Planter, one of the most popular magazines in the South. He used his position to advocate his ideas on farming and for political aid to farmers.

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Wikipedia Persondata
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William Branch Giles
William Branch Giles (August 12, 1762 – December 4, 1830); the name is pronounced jyles) was an American statesman, long-term Senator from Virginia, and the 24th Governor of Virginia. He served in the House of Representatives from 1790 to 1798, and again from 1801 to 1803; in between, he was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates, and was an Elector for Jefferson (and Aaron Burr) in 1800. He served as United States Senator from 1804 to 1815, and then served briefly in the House of Delegates again. After a time in private life, he joined the opposition to John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay, in 1824; he ran for Senate again in 1825, and was defeated, but appointed Governor for three one-year terms in 1827; he was succeeded by John Floyd, in the year of his death.
He was born and died in Amelia County, Virginia, where he built his home, The Wigwam. Giles attended Prince Edward Academy, now Hampden-Sydney College, and the College of New Jersey. now Princeton University; he probably followed Samuel Stanhope Smith, who was teaching at Prince Edward Academy when he was appointed President of the College in 1779. He then went on to study law with Chancellor George Wythe and at the College of William and Mary; he was admitted to the bar in 1786. Giles supported the new Constitution during the ratification debates of 1788, but was not a member of the ratifying convention.

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William Henry Barnum
William Henry Barnum (September 17, 1818 – April 30, 1889) was a United States politician, serving as a state representative, U.S. Representative, U.S. Senator, and finally as chairman of the Democratic National Committee. He was known as Seven Mule Barnum.
Though born in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, Barnum moved to Lime Rock, Connecticut and served in the state house of representatives from 1851 to 1852. He then served in the United States House of Representatives for Connecticut's 4th District from March 4, 1867 to May 18, 1876, until the death of Senator Orris S. Ferry. Barnum then became a United States Senator, serving until March 4, 1879. He was chairman of the DNC from 1877 to 1889. He died in Lime Rock on April 30, 1889 and is buried in Lime Rock Cemetery.
In addition to Barnum's political attainments — which also include defeating his third cousin, the famous showman P. T. Barnum, for Congress, and notably being the longest-serving chair of the Democratic National Committee — Barnum was a prominent industrialist. The Barnum Richardson Company, of which he was chief executive, was headquartered in Lime Rock (now a neighborhood of Lakeville) CT, was the leading company in the Salisbury iron district of that time, owning or controlling iron mines, charcoal production resources, limestone quarries, and rail transportation. Barnum Richardson Company was also the preeminent manufacturer of railroad car wheels at a time when the railroad industry held a place in the economy analogous to the computer industry today.

wn.com/William_Henry_Barnum
William Hodges Mann
William Hodges Mann (July 30, 1843 – December 12, 1927) was an American Democratic politician. Mann was the 46th Governor of Virginia from 1910 to 1914. He attended Brownsburg Academy.
Brown became Deputy Clerk of Nottoway County, Virginia. He left to serve in the 12th Virginia Infantry during the Civil War until he was injured; he was the last Confederate soldier to serve as Governor of Virginia. He then served the Confederacy in various positions.
After Appomattox, Mann began practicing law in Nottoway County. In 1870, he became the first county judge of Nottoway County. He introduced legislation to construct 350 high schools in Virginia and to close 800 rural saloons. Mann was in favor of Prohibition but only at the state level.
He is also known for refusing to prevent the execution of the juvenile Virginia Christian during his governorship.

wn.com/William_Hodges_Mann
Wilson Cary Nicholas
Wilson Cary Nicholas (January 31, 1761 – October 10, 1820) was an American politician who served in the U.S. Senate from 1799 to 1804 and was the 19th Governor of Virginia from 1814 to 1816.
Nicholas was born in Williamsburg, Virginia. He attended the College of William and Mary. According to Nicholas's entry in the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, he served in the American Revolutionary War as commander of George Washington's Life Guard until the unit disbanded in 1783. This appears to be an error: his entry in American National Biography states that "he commanded Virginia volunteer units from the fall of 1780 until the following fall, but there is no evidence that he was actually involved in battlefield action."
After the war, he was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates 1784-1789 and a delegate to the ratifying convention of 1788 which approved the Federal Constitution.
During the deliberations, on June 6, 1788, Nicholas countered Patrick's Henry's objection that correcting defects in the new national Constitution by way of the Article V convention would be excessively difficult. Said Nicholas: "The conventions which shall be so called will have their deliberations confined to a few points; no local interest to divert their attention; nothing but the necessary alterations. They will have many advantages over the last Convention. No experiments to devise; the general and fundamental regulations being already laid down."

wn.com/Wilson_Cary_Nicholas
Woodrow Wilson
Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 – February 3, 1924) was the 28th President of the United States, from 1913 to 1921. A leader of the Progressive Movement, he served as President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and then as the Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913. Running against Progressive ("Bull Moose") Party candidate Theodore Roosevelt and Republican candidate William Howard Taft, Wilson was elected President as a Democrat in 1912.
In his first term as President, Wilson persuaded a Democratic Congress to pass major progressive reforms. Historian John M. Cooper argues that, in his first term, Wilson successfully pushed a legislative agenda that few presidents have equaled, and remained unmatched up until the New Deal. This agenda included the Federal Reserve Act, Federal Trade Commission Act, the Clayton Antitrust Act, the Federal Farm Loan Act and an income tax. Child labor was curtailed by the Keating–Owen Act of 1916, but the U.S. Supreme Court declared it unconstitutional in 1918. He also had Congress pass the Adamson Act, which imposed an 8-hour workday for railroads. Wilson, after first sidestepping the issue, became a major advocate for the women's suffrage.

wn.com/Woodrow_Wilson
Wyndham Robertson
Wyndham Robertson (January 26, 1803 – February 11, 1888) was the Acting Governor of the U.S. state of Virginia from 1836 to 1837. He also served twice in the Virginia House of Delegates, the second time during the American Civil War.
Robertson was a Whig, and was an advocate for Union during the secession crisis that precipitated the Civil War. However, after Lincoln's call for troops, he advocated secession. After the war, he was a member of the Committee of Nine that helped usher Virginia back into the Union. Robertson, a descendant of Pocahontas, published a book near the end of his life in her defense, and tracing her ancestry and descendants.
Robertson was born near Manchester, in Chesterfield County, Virginia, the son of William Robertson and Elizabeth Bolling, a descendant of Pocahontas and John Rolfe. His father was a member of the Virginia Council of State. Robertson attended private schools in Richmond and graduated from The College of William and Mary in 1821. He then married Mary Trigg Smith, daughter of Captain Francis Smith. Robertson's brothers were Thomas B. Robertson, a Governor of Louisiana, and John Robertson, a U.S. Congressman. Robertson studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1824. In 1827, he made a short trip to Paris and London, and in 1830 he was made Councillor of State.

wn.com/Wyndham_Robertson

Tim Kaine Wins Senate Seat in Virginia

Former Democratic Senator Tim Kaine triumphed over former Republican Gov. George Allen, in...

published: 07 Nov 2012

author: PBSNewsHour

Tim Kaine wins highly contested Virginia Senate seat

Chris Cillizza and Brook Silva-Braga are joined by the Post's Amy Gardner to discuss Democ...

published: 07 Nov 2012

author: WashingtonPost

Decision 2012: Tim Kaine acceptance speech

Decision 2012: Tim Kaine acceptance speech...

published: 07 Nov 2012

author: wavy

Former Gov. Tim Kaine Stops by NewsHour Skybox

Former Virginia Gov. Tim Kaine spoke with the NewsHour convention team and talks about how...

published: 05 Sep 2012

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Former Gov. Tim Kaine: 'Democrats Get Results'

Former Virginia governor and former DNC chairman Tim Kaine addressed the Democratic Nation...

published: 04 Sep 2012

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GEORGE "MACACA" ALLEN vs TIMOTHY KAINE Virginia Senate Debate ROUND 2

October 08, 2012 C-SPAN MOXNews.com...

published: 09 Oct 2012

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Senator Tim Kaine 'Heartened' by Bipartisan Budget Solutions

Judy Woodruff sat down with former Virginia Gov. Tim Kaine, newly elected to the US Senate...

published: 24 Nov 2012

author: PBSNewsHour

Tim Kaine - I'm Running for US Senate

...

published: 13 Nov 2012

author: kaineforva

Tim Kaine wins Virginia US Senate race

Tim Kaine wins Virginia US Senate race...

published: 07 Nov 2012

author: wavy

Tim Kaine's Victory Speech

After Tim Kaine won the Virginia Senate race he addressed an energetic crowd gathered in t...

published: 08 Nov 2012

author: wuvaonline

Heidi Heitkamp, Mazie Hirono, and Tim Kaine sworn in as US Senators

...

published: 03 Jan 2013

author: SenateDemocrats

American Crossroads: "Behind" VA

...

published: 13 Jun 2012

author: AmericanCrossroads

Real Time with Bill Maher: Tim Kaine Moment

Check out this moment from August 29th, 2008 with Tim Kaine. For more on Real Time with Bi...

published: 02 Nov 2012

author: RealTime

SEN TIM KAINE D VA JFRS 1 28 13

Just two weeks into his new office on Capitol Hill, Virginia Senator Tim Kaine joined John...

published: 28 Jan 2013

author: JohnFredericksShow

Tim Kaine Wins Senate Seat in Virginia

Former Democratic Senator Tim Kaine triumphed over former Republican Gov. George Allen, in...

published: 07 Nov 2012

author: PBSNewsHour

Tim Kaine wins highly contested Virginia Senate seat

Chris Cillizza and Brook Silva-Braga are joined by the Post's Amy Gardner to discuss Democ...

published: 07 Nov 2012

author: WashingtonPost

Decision 2012: Tim Kaine acceptance speech

Decision 2012: Tim Kaine acceptance speech...

published: 07 Nov 2012

author: wavy

Former Gov. Tim Kaine Stops by NewsHour Skybox

Former Virginia Gov. Tim Kaine spoke with the NewsHour convention team and talks about how...

published: 05 Sep 2012

author: PBSNewsHour

Former Gov. Tim Kaine: 'Democrats Get Results'

Former Virginia governor and former DNC chairman Tim Kaine addressed the Democratic Nation...

published: 04 Sep 2012

author: PBSNewsHour

GEORGE "MACACA" ALLEN vs TIMOTHY KAINE Virginia Senate Debate ROUND 2

October 08, 2012 C-SPAN MOXNews.com...

published: 09 Oct 2012

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Tim Kaine Interview

C2M interviewed D- Tim Kaine before the Rally held on Nov. 7....

published: 08 Nov 2011

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Tim Kaine wins Virginia US Senate race

Tim Kaine wins Virginia US Senate race...

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Governor Tim Kaine Interviewed on "Al Punto"

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WAVY News 10 Andy Fox Interviews Tim Kaine

WAVY News 10 Andy Fox Interviews Tim Kaine...

published: 07 Nov 2012

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Tim Kaine - I'm Running for US Senate

...

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Tim Kaine's Victory Speech

After Tim Kaine won the Virginia Senate race he addressed an energetic crowd gathered in t...

published: 08 Nov 2012

author: wuvaonline

Gov. Tim Kaine Supports Barack Obama

You should be with us in 2012, join now: my.barackobama.com At the Virginia Jefferson Jack...

published: 10 Feb 2008

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Governor Tim Kaine Answers Economic Recovery Questions

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published: 06 Feb 2009

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photo: AP / Aleppo Revolution Against Assad Regime

This citizen journalism image provided by Aleppo Revolution Against Assad's Regime which has been authenticated based on its contents and other AP reporting, shows dead bodies on a street in Aleppo, Syria Tuesday, Jan. 29, 2013.

Syria Massacre: Group Says At Least 65 Found Shot In Head, With Hands Bound In Aleppo

Huffington Post

29 Jan 2013

By Alexander Dziadosz and Oliver Holmes. BEIRUT, Jan 29 (Reuters) - At least 65 people were found shot dead with their hands bound in the northern Syrian city of Aleppo on Tuesday in a "new massacre" in the near two-year revolt against President Bashar al-Assad, activists said. Opposition campaigners blamed the government but it was impossible to confirm who was responsible ... The U.N ... State media did not mention the incident ... STALEMATE ... ....(size: 9.0Kb)

photo: AP / Korea Aerospace Research Institute

In this photo released by Korea Aerospace Research Institute, South Korea's rocket lifts off from its launch pad at the Naro Space Center in Goheung, South Korea, Wednesday, Jan. 30, 2013.

South Korea launches rocket carrying satellite in battle for space supremacy

The Guardian

30 Jan 2013

Launch of 140-tonne rocket likely to anger North Korea, which incurred tougher UN sanctions after December launch. The rocket takes off from its launchpad at Naro, south of Seoul. South Korea has twice before failed to put a satellite into space. Photograph. Kari/AFP/Getty Images ... Relief greeted the Naro rocket's flawless liftoff from a space centre on the south coast at 4pm local time ... ....(size: 3.1Kb)

photo: US DoD / U.S. Army Staff Sgt Sun L. Vega, Joint Staff

President Barack Obama delivers his remarks with the all the Senior Enlisted Members representing their perspective service at the Commanders in Chief Ball on January 21, 2013 at the Washington Convention Center in Washington, D.C.

Obama secretly pledges to divide Jerusalem

WorldNetDaily

27 Jan 2013

TEL AVIV – Now that he has secured his second term, President Barack Obama has already secretly pledged to the Palestinians he will press Israel into a new round of so-called land-for-peace negotiations, a top Palestinian Authority negotiator told WND. The negotiator said top members of the Obama administration told the Palestinians the U.S....(size: 2.2Kb)

photo: AP / David Guttenfelder

N. Korea revealed - on Google

Star Tribune

30 Jan 2013

SEOUL - Until Tuesday, North Korea appeared on Google Maps as a near-total white space -- no roads, no train lines, no parks and no restaurants. The only thing labeled was the capital city, Pyongyang. This all changed when Google, on Tuesday, rolled out a detailed map of one of the world's most secretive states ... Similar processes were used in other once-unmapped countries like Afghanistan and Myanmar ... ....(size: 2.4Kb)

photo: AP / Khalil Hamra

Morsy declares emergency in Egypt’s restive cities

The Hindu

28 Jan 2013

Egyptian President Mohamed Morsy on Sunday declared a state of emergency and a nightime curfew for one month in three restive cities after days of deadly violence. Mr. Morsy, facing his worst crisis since taking office in June, said the measures would take effect on Sunday night in the cities of Port Said, Suez and Ismailia ... Keywords....(size: 1.7Kb)

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Joe Donnelly Opposes Assault Weapons Ban, Spokesman Says

Huffington Post

30 Jan 2013

INDIANAPOLIS (AP) — Freshman Democratic Sen. Joe Donnelly is opposing a ban on assault weapons sought by President Barack Obama ... Gabrielle Giffords. Also on HuffPost. Loading Slideshow. Sen ... U.S. Sen ... U.S. Sen ... Tim Scott (R-S.C.) ... Tim Scott (R-SC) (L) participates in a mock swearing-in with his mother Frances Scott and U.S ... Tim Kaine (D-Va.) ... Tim Kaine (D-VA) (L) participates in a reenacted swearing-in with his wife Anne Bright Holton and U.S ... ....(size: 6.9Kb)

Scott Brown Leaning Towards Senate Run In Special Election: Report

Huffington Post

30 Jan 2013

Former Sen. Scott Brown (R-Mass.) is likely to run in the upcoming special election to replace outgoing Sen. John Kerry (D-Mass.), the Associated Press reports. According to the AP report, Republican officials close to the former senator say that Brown is "leaning strongly toward running" in the race to replace Kerry, who was confirmed as the new U.S. secretary of state by the Senate on Tuesday. Massachusetts Gov ... Ted Kennedy ... Tim Kaine ... ....(size: 4.6Kb)

California Gun Hearing: Sacramento Lawmakers Agree To Increase DOJ Funding

Huffington Post

30 Jan 2013

SACRAMENTO -- During a three-hour hearing Tuesday that was designed to provide baseline information for difficult debates on gun violence-related legislation later this year, California lawmakers immediately uncovered something upon which all could agree ... "I concur with you completely," said Sen. Joel Anderson, R-San Diego ... ___ ... -- 7 dead ... <blockquote>I've spoken with Governor Tim Kaine and Virginia Tech President Charles Steger ... ....(size: 19.8Kb)

Sens. Mark Warner and Tim Kaine to Discuss Budget and Debt Negotiations at Northern Virginia ...

Yahoo Daily News

29 Jan 2013

HERNDON, Va., Jan. 29, 2013 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- The Northern Virginia Technology Council (NVTC) today announced that Virginia's U.S. Sens. Mark Warner and Tim Kaine will discuss the current state of budget and debt negotiations on Friday, Feb. 8, at Sprint's offices in Reston, Va. (Logo. http.//photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20071106/DC06626LOGO) ... DATE. Feb. 8, 2013. TIME ... Registration and networking ... Warner and Kaine ... ....(size: 2.1Kb)

Sens. Mark Warner and Tim Kaine to Discuss Budget and Debt Negotiations at Northern Virginia Technology Council Event

PR Newswire

29 Jan 2013

  Google. Download image. HERNDON, Va., Jan. 29, 2013 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- The Northern Virginia Technology Council (NVTC) today announced that Virginia's U.S. Sens. Mark Warner and Tim Kaine will discuss the current state of budget and debt negotiations on Friday, Feb. 8, at Sprint's offices in Reston, Va. (Logo. http.//photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20071106/DC06626LOGO) ... DATE. Feb. 8, 2013. TIME ... Warner and Kaine. LOCATION ... ....(size: 5.4Kb)

Oceans Healthcare Closes $17m Strategic Growth Equity Financing from General Catalyst Partners

StreetInsider

29 Jan 2013

Tweet. Fast-Growing, Industry-Shaping Operator of Patient-Focused Geriatric Psychiatric Facilities Poised to Expand Operations ... About Oceans Healthcare ... For further information, visit www.ohcg.info ... Source ... Mark Warner and Tim Kaine to Discuss Budget and Debt Negotiations at Northern Virginia Technology Council Event Orion Chooses Aryaka Over Riverbed to Deliver 9X Faster FTP, 70%+ Reduction in CIFS/HTTP and 24X Bandwidth Savings. ....(size: 5.1Kb)

Hawaiian Electric Company Chooses FreeWave Technologies' Wireless Data Solutions For Fault Circuit Indicator Project

StreetInsider

29 Jan 2013

FreeWave's high performance, reliable wireless data radios help notify utility of power line faults in real-time. Tweet. SAN DIEGO, Jan ... This will allow HECO to quickly restore power to residents ... Tweet This ... Sens. Mark Warner and Tim Kaine to Discuss Budget and Debt Negotiations at Northern Virginia Technology Council Event Sandvik Coromant Unveils Online Drilling Knowledge Hub SightLogix Introduces Low-Cost Smart Thermal Camera . ....(size: 5.8Kb)

The latest news on the 2016 presidential election

The Examiner

28 Jan 2013

Most Americans are still recovering from the 2012 presidential election, but a select few cannot get enough and are already looking forward to 2016. These updates are for that second group of devotees ... The Republican Potentials. - On Meet the Press yesterday Rep ... Ryan’s answer is notable for its lack of denial ... Sen ... Sen ... Tim Kaine (D-VA) have also been as potential 2016 candidates, but both lack the name recognition of Clinton and Biden ... ....(size: 8.6Kb)

Sen. Kaine’s first vote comes on filibuster reform that's not much of a reform

The Examiner

27 Jan 2013

Tim Kaine’s first vote as U.S ... Said Kaine, “I was honored tonight to cast my first vote as the Commonwealth’s newest U.S ... Kaine, the vote still comes off as a win, even if the win counts for little relative to what was hoped for ... Kaine was also tested on another important issue, the Keystone XL pipeline[5] ... Kaine ... Kaine is 2 for 2 in the big issues category ... Sen.Tim Kaine of VA is sworn in to office with hope that progress can be made....(size: 7.2Kb)

Vice President Biden Discusses Guns at VCU

GroundReport

26 Jan 2013

Tim Kaine ... Kaine, who previously served as mayor of Richmond and then as governor of Virginia, spoke of the history of crime in the capital city ... “I think Richmond is a place and Virginia is a place where we’ve got the scar tissue of tragedy, but we also have the reason to be hopeful,” said Kaine, who was governor at the time of the Tech massacre ... You can do them by working together,” Kaine said ... Tim Kaine.....(size: 3.8Kb)

Biden Invites VCU into National Discussion

GroundReport

26 Jan 2013

By Mechelle Hankerson. Capital News Service.   ... . In the wake of the shootings at Sandy Hook Elementary School, Biden assembled a panel of White House officials, former members of the Virginia Tech Review Panel, U.S. Sen. Tim Kaine, U.S. Rep. Bobby Scott and three VCU community members ... ... . Although the discussion was not open to the press or public, Biden, Kaine and Scott all made remarks following the discussion ... ....(size: 4.2Kb)

Biden continues call for action on gun measures

The Los Angeles Times

26 Jan 2013

RICHMOND, Va ... Sen. Patrick J ... 30 ... Biden was joined Friday by Virginia's newly elected senator, Democrat Tim Kaine, who was governor during the Virginia Tech shooting and mayor of Richmond before that. Kaine noted how he had worked with a Republican-controlled Legislature, as well as a Republican attorney general — Bob McDonnell, now the state's governor — to make improvements in the state's background check system ... 0.   ... ... ....(size: 35.4Kb)

Democrats may stand in Obama's way on gun measures

The News & Observer

26 Jan 2013

Steve Helber - AP Photo. Vice President Joe Biden gestures during a round table discussion on gun violence at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Va., Friday, Jan. 25, 2013 ... Text. tool name. tool goes here ... Tim Kaine, D-Va., left, accompanied by Vice President Joe Biden, gestures during a round table discussion on gun violence, Friday, Jan ... Tim Kaine, D-Va., left, at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Va., Friday, Jan ... ....(size: 18.0Kb)

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Tim Kaine

Tim Kaine in 2008
51st Chairman of the Democratic National Committee
In office January 21, 2009 – April 5, 2011
Preceded by	Howard Dean
Succeeded by	Debbie Wasserman Schultz
70th Governor of Virginia
In office January 14, 2006 – January 16, 2010
Lieutenant	William T. Bolling
Preceded by	Mark Warner
Succeeded by	Bob McDonnell
38th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia
In office January 14, 2002 – January 14, 2006
Governor	Mark Warner
Preceded by	John H. Hager
Succeeded by	William T. Bolling
76th Mayor of Richmond, Virginia
In office 1998–2000
Preceded by	Larry E. Chavis
Succeeded by	Rudolph McCollum Jr.
Personal details
Born	Timothy Michael Kaine (1958-02-26) February 26, 1958 (age 54) Saint Paul, Minnesota
Political party	Democratic
Spouse(s)	Anne Holton
Children	Nat Kaine Woody Kaine Annella Kaine
Residence	Richmond, Virginia
Alma mater	University of Missouri (B.A.) Harvard Law School (J.D.)
Profession	Lawyer
Religion	Roman Catholic
Signature

Timothy Michael "Tim" Kaine (born February 26, 1958) is a Virginia politician. Kaine served as the 70th Governor of Virginia from 2006 to 2010, and was the chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 2009 to 2011. He was elected governor in 2005, after serving as the 38th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia and Mayor of Richmond, Virginia.

Kaine was considered as a possible running mate for Barack Obama in 2008, but was not chosen.^[1]

On April 5, 2011, after weeks of speculation, Kaine announced his candidacy for the United States Senate seat in Virginia that would be opened up by the announced retirement of Jim Webb at the end of his term.^[2]

1 Early life and education
2 Mayor of Richmond
3 Lieutenant governor
4 Gubernatorial election
5 Governor of Virginia
- 5.1 Cabinet
6 Political positions
7 2008 vice presidential speculation
8 Democratic Party chairman
9 2012 U.S. Senate candidacy
10 Electoral history
11 References
12 External links

Early life and education [link]

Kaine was born at Saint Joseph's Hospital in Saint Paul, Minnesota, to Mary Kathleen (née Burns) and Albert A. Kaine, a welder and the owner of a small iron-working shop.^[3]^[4]^[5] Kaine grew up in the Kansas City area and graduated from Rockhurst High School in Kansas City, Missouri.

Kaine graduated from the University of Missouri with a B.A. in economics in 1979.^[6] Kaine was a Coro Foundation fellow in Kansas City^[7] in 1978. He attended Harvard Law School, taking a year-long break during law school to work with the Jesuit order as a Catholic missionary in Honduras.^[8] Kaine is fluent in Spanish as a result of his year in Honduras.^[9] He graduated from Harvard Law School in 1983 with a Juris Doctor, and was admitted to the Virginia Bar. In 1984, Kaine married former Richmond Juvenile Court Judge Anne Holton. Holton is the daughter of former Virginia governor A. Linwood Holton, Jr. Kaine and Holton have three children, Nat, Woody, and Annella.

Kaine practiced law in Richmond for 17 years, specializing in representing people who had been denied housing opportunities because of their race or disability. He was recognized by local, state, and national organizations for his advocacy of fair housing. He also taught legal ethics for six years at the University of Richmond Law School.^[10] More than ten years into his legal career in 1994, he was elected to the city council of the independent city of Richmond from the portion of the city in which he resided under Richmond's system of nine wards.

Mayor of Richmond [link]

He was elected mayor of Richmond by the city council in 1998. (Until 2004, the mayor of Richmond was chosen by the city council from among its membership; under the present system, the mayor is chosen by popular vote.) He spent seven years on the city council, including two terms as mayor.

Under Kaine's leadership, Richmond saw the construction of its first new schools in a generation, tax cuts, and a reduction in the city’s crime rate. Richmond’s success in reducing violent crime, including a 55 percent drop in the city's homicide rate during his tenure,^[11] earned national recognition from Presidents Clinton and Bush and the International Association of Chiefs of Police. Richmond's economic success during Kaine’s tenure earned the city its first-ever listing in Forbes Magazine’s annual ranking of the top 10 cities in America for doing business.^[12]

As mayor, Kaine gained national attention following the implementation of a gun law known as Project Exile, an initiative that moved trials for armed defendants to federal court, which has stiffer sentencing guidelines.^[13]^[14]

During his tenure as Mayor, Kaine drew criticism for designating public funds for an anti-gun-violence rally.^[15]^[16]^[17]^[18] After a constituent raised concerns about the funding at a Richmond City Council meeting, Kaine raised the money privately and reimbursed the city.^[19]

Lieutenant governor [link]

In the Virginia general elections of November 2001, Kaine ran for lieutenant governor and won with 925,974 votes (50.35%).^[20] His opponents were Republican state Delegate Jay Katzen, with 883,886 votes (48.06%) and Libertarian Gary Reams, with 28,783 votes (1.57%). Kaine was inaugurated on January 12, 2002. As lieutenant governor, he also served as president of the Virginia Senate.

Gubernatorial election [link]

Main article: Virginia gubernatorial election, 2005

Tim Kaine at the Buena Vista
Labor Day Parade

In 2005, Kaine ran for and won the office of governor of Virginia in the November general election, defeating Republican former Attorney General Jerry W. Kilgore with 52% of the vote to Kilgore's 46%.^[21] Kaine said he would look to retain the tax and education policies of his predecessor, Mark Warner, and keep the budget balanced.^{[citation needed]} He held a series of statewide "town hall" meetings focused on transportation.

An underdog for most of the race, Kaine led in some polls for the first time in October 2005, and held his lead into the final week before the election.^[22] While the previous Democratic Governor, Mark Warner, was credited with doing especially well for a Democrat in rural areas of the commonwealth, Kaine's win featured surprising triumphs in traditionally Republican areas such as Virginia Beach, Chesapeake, and the Northern Virginia exurbs of Prince William County and Loudoun County, as well as impressive showings in Democratic strongholds such as Richmond and Norfolk.^[23]

Kaine closely associated himself with popular outgoing Democratic Governor Mark Warner during his campaign; he won his race with a slightly smaller portion of the vote than Warner did, but achieved a slightly wider margin on account of the third-party candidate's comparatively greater success in 2005. He promised homeowner tax relief, centrist fiscal leadership and universal pre-kindergarten.^{[citation needed]}. A number of factors, from the poll numbers of President George W. Bush to public reaction to the death penalty ads run by Kilgore, have also been cited as contributing to his decisive win.^[24]^[25] Kaine was inaugurated in Williamsburg on January 14, 2006. This makes Kaine the first governor since Thomas Jefferson (in 1779) to be inaugurated in Virginia's colonial capital. Virginia's capitol building in Richmond was under renovation at the time, a process that was completed in mid-2007.

Governor of Virginia [link]

Tim Kaine, 5th from the right,
along with Virginia Tech officials, receives a donation to the Virginia Tech memorial fund from East Carolina University given during the Hokies' 2007 football home opener

Democratic response to State of the Union address

On January 31, 2006, Kaine gave the Democratic response to President Bush's 2006 State of the Union address. In his response, he argued that the Republicans failed to support bipartisanship in Washington and he condemned Bush's spending increases and tax cuts as "reckless".^[26]

Budget special session

In March 2006, after the Virginia General Assembly failed to come up with a budget, Kaine called for a special session that continued until June. The debate was over transportation issues and how to fund current and new projects. Most of the debate originated in a struggle within the Republican-controlled Senate and House of Delegates. In 2007, however, a transportation bill was passed and signed into law by Kaine.^[27]

Conservation

In May 2006, Governor Kaine announced his plan to conserve 400,000 acres (1,600 km²) of Virginia real property from development before the end of his service as Governor of Virginia.^[28] The Commonwealth of Virginia's landowners favor land conservation, although Virginia lags behind other states' per capita expenditures on land conservation.^[29] As of 2007, according to government statistics, Maryland spends as much as $21 per capita on land conservation, while Virginia spends $1.45.^[30] On the other hand, Virginia also has a higher proportion of its total land area under permanent protection than many other states, with about 13.69% of it currently protected.^[31]

Smoking

In June 2006, Kaine signed an executive order banning smoking in all government buildings and state-owned cars.^[32] He also announced that Virginia would be the first state in the Union to digitize records from the Civil War Era Freedman's Bureau. This would facilitate research into post-Civil War African-American history.^[33]

HPV vaccinations

Kaine has signaled his support for vaccinating sixth-grade girls in Virginia with the HPV vaccine. In 2007, Virginia, along with 20 other states, was considering a law to expand such vaccinations. Accordingly, in 2007, the Republican-controlled state legislature passed a law that mandated such vaccinations, while allowing parents to opt out of the requirement without citing a reason. After expressing "some qualms", Kaine signed the bill into law.^[34]

Gov. Kaine with U.S. Senators
John Warner and George Allen

Virginia Tech massacre

When news of the Virginia Tech massacre broke, Kaine canceled a trade mission to Japan and India to attend to the situation.^{[citation needed]} Kaine spoke at the convocation held in Blacksburg the day after the shooting in which he invoked the Biblical story of Job.^{[citation needed]} Kaine said he would appoint a panel of independent law-enforcement officials to determine what the university knew about the student responsible for the massacre, which resulted in the deaths of 32 people. The commission, led by former Virginia State Police Superintendent Gerald Massengill and former U.S. Homeland Security Secretary Tom Ridge, began work on April 28, 2007, and issued its findings and recommendations on August 30, 2007. On April 30, 2007, Governor Kaine signed an executive order instructing state agencies to step up efforts to block gun sales to people involuntarily committed to inpatient and outpatient mental health treatment centers.^[35] Appearing alongside Attorney General Bob McDonnell (R), Kaine said the order would help prevent people like the shooter from illegally obtaining firearms in the future.

Metro

In July 2007, Kaine supported an above-ground solution to the debate on building the Silver Line of the Washington Metro through Tysons Corner. Some people disagreed and preferred a tunnel.^[36]

Education

During the 2008 General Assembly session, Governor Kaine backed a $22 million proposal to make Pre-K education more accessible to at-risk four-year-olds.^[37]

Omeish resignation

Kaine appointed Dr. Esam Omeish to the Virginia Commission on Immigration, which was examining whether Virginia should do more to restrict illegal immigration. In September 2007, Omeish resigned as a commission member—as requested by Kaine—three hours after remarks made by Omeish on a call-in show on WRVA radio in Richmond were brought to Kaine's attention, specifically his criticisms of the Israel lobby and call for Bush's impeachment on account of the Iraq War.^[38] "I have been made aware of certain statements he has made which concern me," Kaine said in accepting Omeish's resignation. Kaine added that background checks would be more thorough in the future.^[39]

Coal power plant

Kaine's support of a coal-fired power plant in Wise County^[40] that would emit an estimated 5.4 million tons of carbon dioxide per year was opposed by environmentalists.^[41] In a radio interview, Kaine said "We are not going to eliminate coal, a native source that we have, as one of the sources that will power our country."

Cabinet [link]

Chief of Staff — William Leighty (2006–07), Wayne Turnage (2007–10)
Secretary of Administration – Viola Baskerville (2006–10)
Secretary of Agriculture and Forestry – Robert Bloxom (2006–10)
Secretary of Commerce and Trade – Patrick Gottschalk (2006–10)
Secretary of the Commonwealth – Katherine Hanley (2006–10)
Secretary of Education – Thomas Morris (2006–10)
Secretary of Finance – Jody Wagner (2006–2008), Richard D. Brown (2008–10)
Secretary of Health and Human Resources – Marilyn Tavenner (2006–10)
Secretary of Natural Resources – Preston Bryant (2006–10)
Secretary of Public Safety – John W. Marshall (2006–10)
Secretary of Technology – Aneesh Chopra (2006–09), Leonard M. Pomata (2009–10)
Secretary of Transportation – Pierce Homer (2006–10)
Assistant for Commonwealth Preparedness – Robert P. Crouch (2006–10)
Senior Advisor for Workforce – Daniel G. LeBlanc (2006–10)

Political positions [link]

Despite his personal opposition to capital punishment, often cited during the 2005 campaign by both sides, Kaine oversaw eleven executions as Governor, including the execution of John Allen Muhammad, the Beltway Sniper, on November 10, 2009. He has vetoed eight death-penalty expansion bills although some of the vetoes were overturned,^[42]^[43] and opposed the electric chair as an option.^[44] On June 9, 2008, Kaine commuted the death sentence of Percy Levar Walton to life in prison without parole.^[45]

While Governor, Kaine signed the Marshall-Newman Amendment into effect. The amendment solidified that marriage would only be between a man and a woman in Virginia. When talking about gay marriage in 2005, Kaine said that "No couples in Virginia can adopt other than a married couple -- that's the right policy. Gay individuals should be able to adopt."^[46] In 2011, however, Kaine would change his position and become more open to the idea of adoption. Kaine said he believed that the judges would be able to make effective case-by-case analyses when dealing with unmarried couples applying to be possible parents. He said that he was open to consideration being made available to all couples, regardless of if they are gay or straight.^[47]

Tim Kaine, a Roman Catholic, is opposed to abortion for religious reasons,^[48] but also opposes overturning Roe v. Wade. Instead he has encouraged policymakers to focus on bringing down the number of abortions by reducing teen pregnancy through abstinence-focused education, ensuring women's access to health care and contraception, and promoting adoption.^[49] He supports some legal restrictions on abortion, such as requiring parental consent and banning partial-birth abortions in cases where the woman's life is not at risk.^[50]

Kaine supports some "smart growth"-style policies to manage sprawl and transportation issues; he refers to these plans as "balanced growth."^[51]

2008 vice presidential speculation [link]

Main article: United States presidential election, 2008

Barack Obama campaigned for
Tim Kaine in 2005 for the
gubernatorial election.

Kaine first supported Senator Obama's presidential bid in February 2007. It was maintained that Kaine's endorsement was the first from a state-wide elected official outside of Illinois^[52] Since Kaine was a relatively popular governor of a southern state, there was media speculation that he was a potential nominee for Vice President.^[53] Obama had supported Kaine in his campaign for governor and had said about him: "Tim Kaine has a message of fiscal responsibility and generosity of spirit. That kind of message can sell anywhere."^[54] On July 28, 2008, Politico.com reported that Kaine was "very, very high" on Obama's shortlist for vice president,^[55] a list which also included then Senator Hillary Clinton of New York, Governor Kathleen Sebelius of Kansas, Senator Evan Bayh of Indiana, and Senator Joseph Biden of Delaware.^[56] Obama ultimately selected Biden to become the vice-presidential nominee.^[57]

Democratic Party chairman [link]

In January 2009, Kaine became the Chairman of the Democratic National Committee. He took the position at the request of President Obama, and during his tenure has overseen a significant expansion of the party's grassroots focus through Organizing for America.

In February 2011, it was reported that President Obama had joined Wisconsin's budget battle and would oppose the Republican anti-union bill. The Washington Post reported that Organizing for America, the political operation for the White House, got involved after Kaine spoke to union leaders in Madison. They made phone calls, sent emails, and distributed messages via Facebook and Twitter to work on building crowds for the rallies.^[58]

2012 U.S. Senate candidacy [link]

Main article: United States Senate election in Virginia, 2012

Kaine announced on April 5, 2011 that he is running for United States Senate in 2012. He filmed two announcement videos, one in English and the other in Spanish.^[59]^[60] Kaine was unopposed for the Democratic nomination.^[61]

Electoral history [link]

Virginia Gubernatorial Election 2005
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Tim Kaine	1,025,942	51.7
	Republican	Jerry Kilgore	912,327	46.0

Virginia Lieutenant Governor Election 2001
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Tim Kaine	925,974	50.4
	Republican	Jay K. Katzen	883,886	48.0
	Libertarian	Gary Reams	28,783	1.6

References [link]

^ "Sources: Bayh, Kaine out of Obama's VP race - Politics". msnbc.com. 2008-08-22. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/26336195/. Retrieved 2010-10-02.
^ "DNC Boss Launches Senate Bid in Online Video"
^ Nuckols, Christina (October 16, 2005). "Profile: Who is Timothy M. Kaine?". The Virginian-Pilot (Landmark Communications). http://209.85.215.104/search?q=cache:31Tqo5zVE7AJ:home.hamptonroads.com/stories/story.cfm%3Fstory%3D93715%26ran%3D153441+%22tim+kaine%22+father&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=7&gl=us. Retrieved July 29, 2008.
^ "Governor Tim Kaine". Kids Commonwealth. Commonwealth of Virginia. http://www.kidscommonwealth.virginia.gov/CapitolLife/KaineBio.asp. Retrieved July 29, 2008.
^ Grow, Doug (September 1, 2010). "As Kaine stumps for Dayton, Rybak gets in a plug or two". MinnPost.com. http://www.minnpost.com/politicalagenda/2010/09/01/21075/as_kaine_stumps_for_dayton_rybak_gets_in_a_plug_or_two. Retrieved September 2, 2010.
^ Danielle Burton (18 April 2008). "10 things you didn't know about Tim Kaine". US News and World Report. http://www.usnews.com/news/campaign-2008/articles/2008/07/18/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-tim-kaine. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
^ [1]
^ Kaine ponders move out of politics – News – inRich.com
^ Fox, Andy (July 29, 2008). "Va. Gov. Tim Kaine possible presidential running mate". My Fox Hampton Roads. http://www.myfoxhamptonroads.com/myfox/pages/News/Detail?contentId=7092208&version=1&locale=EN-US&layoutCode=TSTY&pageId=3.2.1. Retrieved July 31, 2008.
^ Official Site of the Governor of Virginia
^ Richard Foster (October 2005). "To the finish: Kaine". Richmond Magazine. http://www.richmondmagazine.com/?articleID=7834f6856a89e2720b09827d0c2232fb. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
^ "Governor Tim Kaine". City of Hampton, Virginia. http://www.hampton.va.us/fire/equity/speakers/kaine.html. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
^ Charles McGuigan (September 2005). "Tim Kaine: A Man for All Seasons". North of the James Magazine. http://www.kaine2005.org/artic_Kaine.html. Retrieved 5 April 2011. ^{[dead link]}
^ Hugh Lessig (3 June 2001). "Kaine says his ability to unify is important". Hampton Roads Daily Press. http://articles.dailypress.com/2001-06-03/news/0106030026_1_lieutenant-governor-city-hall-project-exile. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
^ Johnson, Carrie (2000-05-20). "Spending For March Criticized; City's Cost For Buses Higher Than Expected". Richmond Times-Dispatch (Media General). http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/timesdispatch/access/54131369.html?dids=54131369:54131369&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=May+20%2C+2000&author=Carrie+Johnson&pub=Richmond+Times+-+Dispatch&desc=SPENDING+FOR+MARCH+CRITICIZED+CITY%27S+COST+FOR+BUSES+HIGHER+THAN+EXPECTED&pqatl=google. Retrieved 2011-01-26.
^ Johnson, Carrie (2000-07-08). "Discretionary Funds Debated". Richmond Times-Dispatch (Media General). http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/timesdispatch/access/56313605.html?dids=56313605:56313605&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jul+08%2C+2000&author=Carrie+Johnson%3B+Contact+Carrie+Johnson+at+%28804%29+649-6452+or+cjohnson%40timesdispatch.com&pub=Richmond+Times+-+Dispatch&desc=DISCRETIONARY+FUNDS+DEBATED&pqatl=google. Retrieved 2011-01-26.
^ Meola, David Ress, and Tyler Whitley, Olympia (2008-08-03). "On Kaine the uniter, views split". Richmond Times-Dispatch (Media General). http://www2.timesdispatch.com/news/2008/aug/03/-rtd_2008_08_03_0214-ar-122300/. Retrieved 2011-01-26.
^ Johnson, Carrie (2000-05-17). "Richmond Subsidizes Buses for Million Mom Marchers". Richmond Times-Dispatch (print edition only) (Media General).
^ Johnson, Carrie (2000-06-13). "Kaine To Raise Money For Rally, Other Council Members Opposed To Use Of Discretionary Fund". Richmond Times-Dispatch (Media General). http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/timesdispincatch/access/55256201.html?dids=55256201:55256201&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jun+13%2C+2000&author=Carrie+Johnson%3B+Contact+Carrie+Johnson+at+%28804%29+649-6452+or+cjohnson%40timesdispatch.com&pub=Richmond+Times+-+Dispatch&desc=KAINE+TO+RAISE+MONEY+FOR+RALLY+OTHER+COUNCIL+MEMBERS+OPPOSED+TO+USE+OF+DISCRETIONARY+FUND&pqatl=google. Retrieved 2011-01-26.
^ Official Election Results – Virginia State Board of Elections
^ "Virginia gubernatorial election, 2005: Results".
^ VA: Kaine 49% Kilgore 46% – Rasmussen Reports, November 4, 2005
^ Shear, Michael D. (October 18, 2005). "Kaine Sounds Slow-Growth Note in Exurbs". Washington Post.
^ "Death penalty demagoguery". (October 13, 2005). The Roanoke Times.
^ "RealClear Politics – 2005 Virginia Gubernatorial Election". Retrieved November 4, 2005.
^ Democratic Response to George W. Bush's Sixth State of the Union Address
^ House Bill 3202
^ Regional Parks: Governor Kaine sets aggressive land conservation goal
^ "Easements becoming more popular". Roanoke.com. http://www.roanoke.com/news/roanoke/wb/wb/xp-102466. Retrieved 2010-10-02.
^ Roanoke Times. Retrieved March 4, 2008.
^ Virginia Land Conservation Statistics, by the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation. Retrieved March 4, 2008.
^ Press Release
^ Press Release
^ Craig, Tim (March 3, 2007). "Kaine Says He'll Sign Bill Making Shots Mandatory". Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/02/AR2007030200117.html.
^ Tim Craig (May 1, 2007). "Ban on Sale Of Guns to Mentally Ill Is Expanded". Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/04/30/AR2007043000556.html?hpid=moreheadlines. Retrieved June 25, 2007.
^ Alec MacGillis (September 7, 2006). "No Tunnel For Tysons, Kaine Says". Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/09/06/AR2006090601340.html. Retrieved August 3, 2008.
^ Tim Kaine Official Website (August 6, 2008). "Southside Child Development Tour". Commonwealth of Virginia. http://www.governor.virginia.gov/. Retrieved August 6, 2008.
^ "Virginia Governor Tim Kaine Accepts Resignation of Controversial Appointee", FOX News, September 27, 2007, accessed December 9, 2009
^ "Immigration official resigns after 'jihad' remark; Muslim appointee to immigration panel seen in video condemning Israel", Associated Press, September 27, 2007, accessed December 9, 2009
^ Craig, Tim (March 30, 2008). "Kaine Says Coal-Burning Power Plant Is Necessary". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/03/29/AR2008032901844.html. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
^ "CCAN: Stop the Wise County Coal Plant!". Chesapeakeclimate.org. 2008-05-08. http://www.chesapeakeclimate.org/campaigns/campaign_detail.cfm?id=75. Retrieved 2010-10-02.
^ Recent Legislative Activity
^ Recent legislative Activity
^ Kaine: Electrocution Should Not be Execution Option
^ Gov. Kaine commutes Percy Walton’s death sentence, WSLS News, June 9, 2008. Retrieved 2008-07-28.
^ Marc, Fisher (March 1, 2005). "Kaine-Kilgore Race Will Be Waged on GOP's Chosen Turf". Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A61737-2005Feb28?language=printer. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
^ "On whether judges should be allowed to place children with gay couples who wish to adopt.". PolitiFact. http://www.politifact.com/virginia/statements/2011/may/27/tim-kaine/tim-kaine-says-unmarried-couples-should-be-allowed/. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
^ Tim Kaine on Abortion, www.OnTheIssues.org
^ "On the Issues: Abortion". Kaine2005.org. Tim Kaine for Governor. October 2005. http://replay.waybackmachine.org/20051016194037/http://www.kaine2005.org/issues/abortion.php. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
^ "Kaine: Keep Roe, Hussein Needed to Go". Political Radar (ABC News). July 31, 2008. http://blogs.abcnews.com/politicalradar/2008/07/kaine-keep-roe.html. Retrieved July 31, 2008.
^ "How I Won by Gov. Tim Kaine". DLC. 2006-02-09. http://www.dlc.org/ndol_ci.cfm?contentid=253735&kaid=106&subid=122. Retrieved 2010-10-02.
^ YouTube – Gov. Tim Kaine Supports Barack Obama
^ Vice President pool swimming with governors – National, Michigan State & Local Elections 2008 News & Polls – MLive.com
^ Vetting Obama's 'man' Washington Times August 3, 2008
^ Kaine very high on Obama's short VP list- Politico. Retrieved 2008-07-28.
^ The New York Times. http://elections.nytimes.com/2008/president/candidates/vice-presidents.html. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
^ "Obama introduces Biden as running mate - CNN.com". CNN. August 23, 2008. http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/08/23/biden.democrat.vp.candidate/index.html. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
^ "Obama joins Wisconsin's budget battle, opposing Republican anti-union bill". Washington Post. 18 February 2011. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/17/AR2011021707325.html. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
^ Cillizza, Chris (2011-04-05) "Tim Kaine announces for Senate in Virginia", Washington Post. Retrieved 2011-04-05.
^ O'Brien, Michael (2011-04-05) "Tim Kaine launches Virginia Senate bid", The Hill. Retrieved 2011-04-05.
^ "Kaine hits the road to tout economic plan", Washington Post. Retrieved 5 April 2012.

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Tim Kaine

Wikisource has original works written by or about:
Timothy M. Kaine

Tim Kaine for U.S. Senate official campaign site
Biography at WhoRunsGov.com at The Washington Post
Biography, voting record, and interest group ratings at Project Vote Smart
Issue positions and quotes at On the Issues
Campaign finance reports and data at the Federal Election Commission
Appearances on C-SPAN programs
Appearances on Charlie Rose
Appearances at the Internet Movie Database
Collected news and commentary at The New York Times
Works by or about Tim Kaine in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
Financial information at OpenSecrets.org
Biography at the National Governors Association
Campaign contributions at FollowTheMoney.org
2005 campaign contributions at the Virginia Public Access Project
Democratic response to State of the Union MSNBC, January 31, 2006, transcript of Governor Kaine's State of the Union Rebuttal
Mason Asks: Tim Kaine Mike Lucier, "Mason Votes", April 27, 2012

Archived records

Political offices
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Preceded by John H. Hager	Lieutenant Governor of Virginia 2002–2006	Succeeded by William T. Bolling
Preceded by Mark Warner	Governor of Virginia 2006–2010	Succeeded by Bob McDonnell
Party political offices
Preceded by Lewis F. Payne, Jr.	Democratic nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Virginia 2001	Succeeded by Leslie Larkin Byrne
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Preceded by Howard Dean	Chairman of the Democratic National Committee 2009–2011	Succeeded by Donna Brazile Acting

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v t e Governors of Virginia

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Affiliated
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Persondata
Name	Kaine, Tim
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	February 26, 1958
Place of birth	Saint Paul, Minnesota
Date of death
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Kaine

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Heidi Heitkamp
28th North Dakota Attorney General
In office 1993–2000
Governor	Ed Schafer
Preceded by	Nicholas Spaeth
Succeeded by	Wayne Stenehjem
20th North Dakota State Tax Commissioner
In office 1986–1992
Preceded by	Kent Conrad
Succeeded by	Robert E. Hanson
Personal details
Born	October 30, 1955
Political party	North Dakota Democratic-NPL Party
Alma mater	University of North Dakota Lewis and Clark Law School
Website	Heidi Heitkamp for Senate

Heidi Heitkamp (born October 30, 1955) is a lawyer and politician from the U.S. state of North Dakota. She served as the 28th attorney general of the state from 1993 to 2001. She ran on the Democratic-NPL ticket for governor in 2000, losing to John Hoeven. She considered a bid for the Democratic nomination for the U.S. Senate election to replace retiring Senator Byron Dorgan^[1], but on March 3, 2010, declined the rematch against Hoeven, who was ultimately elected.^[2] In November 2011, Heitkamp declared her candidacy to replace Kent Conrad as U.S. Senator from North Dakota in the 2012 election.^[3]

1 Early life, education, and early career
2 Attorney General
3 2000 gubernatorial election
4 Post-Attorney General career
5 2012 U.S. Senate election
6 Career timeline
7 References
8 External links

Early life, education, and early career [link]

Heitkamp was born in 1955. She got a B.A. from the University of North Dakota-Grand Forks and a J.D. from Lewis and Clark Law School. In 1980-81, she was an attorney for the United States Environmental Protection Agency.^[4] After that, she was hired by the Office of the North Dakota State Tax Commissioner as an attorney.

In 1988, incumbent State Tax Commissioner Kent Conrad decided to retire in order to run for the U.S. Senate. Heitkamp ran for the position and won the statewide election with 66% of the vote against Republican Marshall Moore.^[5] She served in that position until 1992.

Attorney General [link]

In 1992, the incumbent North Dakota Attorney General, Democrat Nick Spaeth, decided to retire in order to run for Governor of North Dakota. Heitkamp ran for the position and won with 62% of the vote.^[6] In 1996, she won reelection with 64% of the vote.^[7]

Heitkamp's best-known achievement as Attorney General of North Dakota was to spearhead the campaign to hold big tobacco companies responsible for their actions^[8]. She succeeded in obtaining large amounts of money for states to use in tobacco cessation programs, and in placing restrictions on tobacco advertising.

2000 gubernatorial election [link]

Main article: North Dakota gubernatorial election, 2000

In 2000 incumbent Republican Governor Ed Schafer decided not to seek a third term. Heitkamp ran and was unopposed in the primary. On the Republican side, John Hoeven, CEO of Bank of North Dakota, also ran unopposed. During her campaign for governor it was announced that Heitkamp had been diagnosed with breast cancer, which is now in remission. Hoeven defeated her 55% to 45%. Heitkamp won 12 of the state's 53 counties.^[9]

Post-Attorney General career [link]

Heitkamp became director of the Dakota Gasification Company in 2003.^[10]

Her brother, Joel Heitkamp, is a radio talk-show host and former North Dakota state senator. Heidi Heitkamp occasionally fills in for her brother as host of his program, News and Views, which is broadcast on Clear Channel stations in North Dakota.

2012 U.S. Senate election [link]

Main article: United States Senate election in North Dakota, 2012

In January 2011, incumbent Democrat U.S. Senator Kent Conrad announced his intent to retire instead of seeking a fourth full term in 2012.^[11] On November 8, 2011 Heitkamp announced she would seek the open seat.^[12] She vows to be "an independent voice."^[13]

Career timeline [link]

Attorney, Environmental Protection Agency, 1980–1981
Attorney, Office of the North Dakota State Tax Commissioner, 1981–1986
North Dakota Tax Commissioner, 1986–1992
North Dakota Attorney General, 1993–2000
Director, Dakota Gas, 2003–present

References [link]

^ Miller, Sean J. (January 7, 2010). "Heitkamp 'very interested' in rematch with Hoeven". The Hill. http://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/74797-heitkamp-very-interested-in-rematch-with-hoeven.
^ McPike, Erin (March 3, 2010). "Heitkamp Won't Run In ND". The Hotline. http://hotlineoncall.nationaljournal.com/archives/2010/03/heitkamp_wont_r.php. Retrieved March 3, 2010.
^ Daum, Kristen M (November 8, 2011). "SPECULATION NO MORE: Heitkamp announces U.S. Senate run". Flickertales from The Hill. http://ndpolitics.areavoices.com/?p=92261. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
^ Heidi Heitkamp biography at Dakota Gasification Company
^ "ND Tax Commissioner Race - Nov 08, 1988". Our Campaigns. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=607951. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
^ "ND Attorney General Race - Nov 03, 1992". Our Campaigns. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=613687. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
^ "ND Attorney General Race - Nov 05, 1996". Our Campaigns. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=613688. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
^ "Attorneys General announce Tobacco Settlement Proposal" (Press release). Washington State Office of the Attorney General. November 16, 2998. http://www.atg.wa.gov/pressrelease.aspx?&id=4568.
^ "ND Governor Race - Nov 07, 2000". Our Campaigns. http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=79. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
^ "Showing support for breast cancer". Capital Electric Cooperative, Inc.. http://www.capitalelec.com/News/articles/Showing_support_for_breast_cancer.html. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
^ Haga, Chuck (January 18, 2011). "Conrad's current Senate term his last". Grand Forks Herald. http://www.grandforksherald.com/event/article/id/190488. Retrieved December 28, 2011.
^ "ND Democrat Heidi Heitkamp to run for US Senate". Yahoo! News. Associated Press. November 8, 2011. http://news.yahoo.com/nd-democrat-heidi-heitkamp-run-us-senate-161554742.html. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
^ Camia, Catalina (November 8, 2011). "Democrats promote Heitkamp in N.D. Senate race". USA Today. http://content.usatoday.com/communities/onpolitics/post/2011/11/heidi-heitkamp-north-dakota-senate-kent-conrad-/1?csp=34news. Retrieved November 11, 2011.

External links [link]

Heidi Heitkamp for Senate

Political offices
Preceded by Kent Conrad	Tax Commissioner of North Dakota 1986–1992	Succeeded by Robert E. Hanson
Legal offices
Preceded by Nicholas Spaeth	Attorney General of North Dakota 1993–2000	Succeeded by Wayne Stenehjem

Persondata
Name	Heitkamp, Heidi
Alternative names
Short description	American politician
Date of birth	October 30, 1955
Place of birth
Date of death
Place of death

http://wn.com/Heidi_Heitkamp

http://de.wn.com/Heidi Heitkamp

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heidi_Heitkamp

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Mazie Hirono 広野慶子
220px
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Hawaii's 2nd district
Incumbent
Assumed office January 3, 2007
Preceded by	Ed Case
9th Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii
In office December 2, 1994 – December 2, 2002
Governor	Ben Cayetano
Preceded by	Ben Cayetano
Succeeded by	James Aiona
Member of the Hawaii House of Representatives from the 22nd district
In office January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995
Preceded by	Gene Ward
Succeeded by	Terry Nui Yoshinaga
Member of the Hawaii House of Representatives from the 32nd district
In office January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1993
Preceded by	Clarice Hashimoto
Succeeded by	Len Pepper
Member of the Hawaii House of Representatives from the 20th district
In office January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1985
Preceded by	Mitsuo Shito, Daniel Kihano
Succeeded by	Cam Cavasso
Member of the Hawaii House of Representatives from the 12th district
In office January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983
Preceded by	Clifford Uwaine, David Hagino
Succeeded by	Barbara Marumoto
Personal details
Born	Mazie Keiko Hirono (1947-11-03) November 3, 1947 (age 64) Fukushima Prefecture, Japan
Political party	Democratic
Spouse(s)	Leighton Kim Oshima
Residence	Honolulu, Hawaii
Alma mater	University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Georgetown University
Occupation	attorney
Religion	Buddhism (non-practicing)

Mazie Keiko Hirono (メイジー・ヒロノ, Meijī Hirono^?, Japanese name: 広野慶子 Hirono Keiko, born November 3, 1947) is the U.S. Representative for Hawaii's 2nd congressional district, serving since 2007. She is a member of the Democratic Party.

She was the second Asian immigrant elected lieutenant governor of a state of the United States. She ran against Linda Lingle for governor of Hawaii in 2002, one of the few gubernatorial races in United States history where two major parties nominated women to challenge each other. She considers herself a non-practicing Buddhist,^[1] and is often cited with Hank Johnson (D-Georgia), as the first Buddhist to serve in the United States Congress.^[2] She is the third woman to be elected to Congress from the state of Hawaii (after Patsy Mink and Pat Saiki). On May 19, 2011, Hirono announced her candidacy for the U.S. Senate seat left open by Senator Daniel Akaka. She will face Ed Case in the Democratic primary, setting up a rematch of the 2002 Democratic primary for Governor, in which she defeated him by a 1% margin (though a few weeks later, she lost to Lingle in the general election.)

1 Early life, education, and law career
2 Hawaii House of Representatives (1981–1995)
3 Lieutenant Governor (1995–2003)
- 3.1 Elections
- 3.2 Tenure
4 2002 gubernatorial election
5 U.S. House of Representatives (2007–present)
6 2012 U.S. Senate election
7 Electoral history
8 References
9 External links

Early life, education, and law career [link]

Hirono was born in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, in 1947. In 1955, Hirono's mother escaped an abusive marriage by emigrating to the United States with her children. Raised in Honolulu, Hawaii, Hirono attended Kaʻahumanu Elementary and Koko Head Elementary Schools. She later graduated from Kaimuki High School, which at the time of her attendance had a predominantly Japanese American student body. Upon graduating from high school, Hirono enrolled at the University of Hawaii at Mānoa where, in 1970, she received B.A. in psychology. She left Hawaii briefly to attend Georgetown University Law Center. She was inducted into Phi Beta Kappa and obtained her J.D. in 1978. Hirono quickly returned to Honolulu where she practiced law.

Hawaii House of Representatives (1981–1995)[link]

Elections [link]

In 1980, she was elected to Hawaii's 12th House District in a multi-member district with Democrat State Representative David Hagino.^[3] Hawaii eliminated MMDs and after redistricting, she ran for Hawaii's 20th House District and won.^[4] After redistricting again in 1984, she ran for the newly redrawn Hawaii's 32nd House District and won.^[5] In 1992, after redistricting, she ran in the newly redrawn Hawaii's 22nd House District. She was challenged in the Democratic primary and won the three candidate field with 91% of the vote.^[6] She won the general election and served only one term in the 22nd district before retiring in 1994 to run for statewide office.^[7]

Tenure [link]

From 1980 to 1994, Hirono served in the Hawaii House of Representatives, passing more than 120 laws. She was honored by a coalition of leaseholders as Legislator of the Year in 1984.

Committee assignments [link]

From 1987 to 1992, she was the Chairman of the Consumer Protection and Commerce Committee.

Lieutenant Governor (1995–2003)[link]

Elections [link]

1994

She ran for Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii and won the Democratic primary defeating fellow State Representative Jackie Young 65%–26%.^[8] In the general election, she defeated three other candidates: Danny Kaniela Kaleikini (Best Party), State Representative Fred Hemmings (Republican Party), and Jack Morse (Green Party) 37%–31%–29%–4%.^[9]

1998

She ran for re-election in 1998. She was challenged in the primary by Nancy L. Cook and defeated her 89%–11%.^[10] In the general election, Hirono defeated Republican State Senator Stan Koki 50%–49%, a difference of 5,254 votes.^[11]

Tenure [link]

In 1994, she joined the ticket of incumbent Lieutenant Governor Benjamin J. Cayetano and was consequently elected to an historic administration led by the first Filipino American governor and first Japanese immigrant lieutenant governor. During her tenure as lieutenant governor, Hirono was also president of the National Commission on Teaching, America's Future, as well as the Hawaiʻi Policy Group. She also spearheaded the first-in-the-nation comprehensive Pre-Plus program, a precursor to universal pre-school education in the United States.

2002 gubernatorial election [link]

Main article: Hawaii gubernatorial election, 2002

Hirono originally wanted to run for Mayor of Honolulu in a potential 2002 special election created by the vacancy of incumbent Mayor Jeremy Harris, who was planning to resign in order to run for Governor of Hawaii. However, due to internal controversies, Harris dropped out of the gubernatorial election and remained mayor for another two years. Hirono switched races.

Hirono maneuvered to gain the support of potential Harris voters in her challenge against former State House Majority Leader Ed Case. Through the entire primary campaign season, Hirono and Case polled almost equally. Case appealed to Hawaii residents that his campaign was one of government reform as opposed to Hirono whom Case alleged represented the "Old boys network" of Democrats that had ruled over Hawaii for forty years. Hirono defeated Case in the September 21 Democratic primary, 41%-40%, a difference of 2,613 votes.^[12]^[13]^[14]

Only a few weeks later, Republican nominee and Mayor of Maui Linda Lingle defeated Hirono 52%-47%. She became Hawaii's first female governor.^[15]^[16]

U.S. House of Representatives (2007–present)[link]

Earlier photo of Congresswoman Hirono.

Elections [link]

2006

On September 23, Hirono ran for Hawaii's 2nd congressional district, being vacated by incumbent U.S. Congressman Ed Case. The Democratic primary was very competitive. There were ten candidates, seven of which served in the Hawaii Legislature. Hirono's advantage was the fact that she was the only candidate who had held statewide office and as a result had the most name recognitions. She also raised more money than any other candidate in the race, mostly because of the endorsement of EMILY's List,.^[17] Hirono also loaned her campaign $100,000. She won with a plurality of just 22% of the vote. State Senator Colleen Hanabusa ranked second with 21%, and was only 845 votes away from defeating Hirono.^[18]^[19]

In the general election, she defeated Republican State Senator Bob Hogue 61%-39%.^[20]

2008

Hirono won re-election to a second term with 76% of the vote.^[21] She outperformed Obama, a native of Honolulu, by three points.

2010

Hirono won re-election to a third term with 72% of the vote.^[22]

Committee assignments [link]

Caucus memberships [link]

2012 U.S. Senate election [link]

Main article: United States Senate election in Hawaii, 2012

On May 19, 2011, Mazie Hirono announced her candidacy for the U.S. Senate seat left open by Senator Daniel Akaka, who is retiring at the end of his term in 2012.^[23]

Electoral history [link]

Results certified by the Office of Elections, State of Hawaii:^[24]

2002 Race for Governor
- Linda Lingle (R), 51.1%
- Mazie Hirono (D), 46.6%
2006 Race for U.S. House of Representatives – 2nd Congressional District
- Mazie Hirono (D), 59.8%
- Bob Hogue (R), 38.2%
2008 Race for U.S. House of Representatives – 2nd Congressional District
- Mazie Hirono (D), 69.8%
- Roger Evans (R), 18.7%
2010 Race for U.S. House of Representatives – 2nd Congressional District
- Mazie Hirono (D), 67.7%
- John Willoughby (R), 23.7%

References [link]

^ Camire, Dennis (January 5, 2007). "What happened to ... religious tolerance?". Honolulu Advertiser (Gannett Company). http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2007/Jan/05/ln/FP701050345.html. Retrieved August 9, 2011.
^ Jonathan Tilove. "New Congress brings with it religious firsts". Newhouse News Service. http://www.newhousenews.com/archive/tilove120806.html. Retrieved Dec. 8, 2006
^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=626372
^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=626408
^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=626477
^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=735967
^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=626593
^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=626418
^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=29003
^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=626410
^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=28999
^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=249
^ Borreca, Richard (September 23, 2002). "The race is on". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. http://archives.starbulletin.com/2002/09/23/news/index1.html. Retrieved June 24, 2010.
^ State of Hawaii Office of Elections (September 28, 2002). "2002 Primary Election Results (Statewide Summary)" (PDF). http://hawaii.gov/elections/results/2002/primary/02swpri5.pdf. Retrieved June 24, 2010.
^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36
^ Borreca, Richard (November 6, 2002). "'Big responsibility'". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. http://archives.starbulletin.com/2002/11/06/news/index1.html. Retrieved June 24, 2010.
^ Carries Giddins. "Emily's list announces endorsement of Mazie Hirono for Hawaii's 2nd congressional District", "Essential Elements." Retrieved June 14, 2006.
^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=277648
^ Rachel Kapochunas. "Akaka Survives Challenge from Case in Hawaii Democratic Primary", cqpolitics. Retrieved Sep. 24, 2006.
^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=206840
^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=387954
^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=488778
^ DePledge, Derrick (May 20, 2011). "Hirono to run for U.S. Senate". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. http://www.staradvertiser.com/news/20110520_hirono_to_run_for_USSenate.html. Retrieved June 18, 2011.
^ "Election Results". Office of Elections, State of Hawaii. http://hawaii.gov/elections/results/. Retrieved December 5, 2010.

External links [link]

	Hawaii portal
	Biography portal

U.S. Congresswoman Mazie Hirono official U.S. House site
Hirono for Senate official campaign site
Biography at WhoRunsGov.com at The Washington Post
Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
Voting record maintained by The Washington Post
Biography, voting record, and interest group ratings at Project Vote Smart
Congressional profile at GovTrack
Congressional profile at OpenCongress
Issue positions and quotes at On the Issues
Financial information at OpenSecrets.org
Staff salaries, trips and personal finance at LegiStorm.com
Campaign finance reports and data at the Federal Election Commission
Campaign contributions at the National Institute for Money in State Politics
Appearances on C-SPAN programs
Profile at SourceWatch
Democratic Party of Hawaiʻi
"The Immigrant Congresswoman" Dan Boylan, March 21, 2007, MidWeek cover story

Political offices
Preceded by Ben Cayetano	Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii 1994–2002	Succeeded by James Aiona Jr.
United States House of Representatives
Preceded by Ed Case	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Hawaii's 2nd congressional district 2007–present	Incumbent
United States order of precedence
Preceded by Keith Ellison D-Minnesota	*United States Representatives by seniority* 273rd	Succeeded by Hank Johnson D-Georgia

v t e Hawaii's current delegation to the United States Congress

Senators	Daniel Inouye (D) Daniel Akaka (D)

Representatives	Colleen Hanabusa (D) Mazie Hirono (D)

Other states' delegations	Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Non‑voting: American Samoa District of Columbia Guam Northern Mariana Islands Puerto Rico U.S. Virgin Islands

v t e Lieutenant Governors of Hawaii

Kealoha · Richardson · Gill · Ariyoshi · Doi · King · Waihee · Cayetano · Hirono · Aiona · Schatz

Members of the United States House of Representatives from Hawaii

One At-large seat
(1959–1963)

At-large seat	Inouye

Two At-large seats
(1963–1971)

At-large seat A	Gill · Mink

At-large seat B	Matsunaga

Districts
(1971–present)

1st district	Matsunaga · Heftel · Abercrombie · Saiki · Abercrombie · Djou · Hanabusa

2nd district	Mink · Akaka · Mink · Case · Hirono

Persondata
Name	Hirono, Mazie
Alternative names
Short description	American politician
Date of birth	November 3, 1947
Place of birth	Fukushima Prefecture, Japan
Date of death
Place of death

http://wn.com/Mazie_Hirono

http://fr.wn.com/Mazie Hirono

http://pt.wn.com/Mazie Hirono

http://de.wn.com/Mazie Hirono

http://it.wn.com/Mazie Hirono

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazie_Hirono

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

This article is about the stand-up comic and author. For the American Olympic rower, see Bill Maher (rower).

Bill Maher
Maher at a ceremony to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in September 2010
Birth name	William Maher, Jr.
Born	(1956-01-20) January 20, 1956 (age 56) New York, New York, U.S.
Medium	Stand-up, television, film, books
Nationality	American
Years active	1979–present
Genres	Satire, Political satire, News satire, Observational comedy
Subject(s)	American politics, current events, American culture, pop culture, freedom of speech, environmentalism, religion, human sexuality, recreational drug use, libertarianism, American liberalism, American conservatism
Influences	Steve Allen, George Carlin, Johnny Carson, David Frost, Robert Klein, Don Rickles, Gore Vidal, Lenny Bruce
Notable works and roles	Elliot on Charlie Hoover Host of Politically Incorrect Host of Real Time with Bill Maher Religulous
Website	BillMaher.com

William "Bill" Maher, Jr. ( /ˈmɑːr/; born January 20, 1956) is an American stand-up comedian, television host, political commentator, author, and actor. Before his current role as the host of HBO's Real Time with Bill Maher, Maher hosted a similar late-night talk show called Politically Incorrect originally on Comedy Central and later on ABC.

Maher is known for his political satire and sociopolitical commentary, which targets a wide swath of topics including religion, politics, bureaucracies of many kinds, political correctness, the mass media, greed among people and persons in positions of high political and social power, and the lack of intellectual curiosity in the electorate.^[1] He supports the legalization of marijuana and same-sex marriage, and serves on the board of PETA.^[2] He is also a critic of religion and is an advisory board member of Project Reason, a foundation to promote scientific knowledge and secular values within society.^[3] In 2005, Maher ranked at number 38 on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand-up comedians of all time.^[4] Bill Maher received a Hollywood Walk of Fame star on September 14, 2010.^[5]

1 Early life and education
2 Early career
3 Television career
4 Views and beliefs
5 Personal life
6 Credits
- 6.1 Bibliography
7 Filmography
8 References
9 External links

Early life and education [link]

Maher was born in New York City, the son of Julie (née Berman), a nurse, and William Maher, Sr., a network news editor and radio announcer.^[6] He was raised in his Irish American father's Catholic religion, remaining unaware that his mother was Jewish until his early teenage years.^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10] Due to Maher's father's disagreement with the Catholic Church's position on birth control, he stopped taking Maher and his sister to Catholic church services when Maher was thirteen.^[11]

Maher was raised in River Vale, New Jersey, and graduated from Pascack Hills High School in Montvale in 1974. He received a B.A. in English and history from Cornell University in 1978.^[12]

Early career [link]

Maher began his career as a stand-up comedian and actor. He was host of the New York City comedy club Catch a Rising Star in 1979. Thanks to Steve Allen, he began appearing on Johnny Carson's and David Letterman's shows in 1982. He made limited television appearances including a recurring role in Sara (1985), appeared in Max Headroom (1987), two separate appearances on Murder, She Wrote (1989, 1990), a recurring role in Charlie Hoover (1991) and other productions. He has also appeared in several films, usually in a comic role. His feature film debut was in D.C. Cab (1983), and he also appeared in Ratboy (1986) Cannibal Women in the Avocado Jungle of Death (1988) and Pizza Man (1991), among others.

Television career [link]

[edit] Politically Incorrect with Bill Maher

Main article: Politically Incorrect

Maher assumed the host role Politically Incorrect with Bill Maher, a late-night political talk show that ran on Comedy Central from 1993 to 1997 and on ABC from 1997 to 2002. The show regularly began with a topical monologue by Maher preceding the introduction of four guests, usually a diverse group of individuals from show business, popular culture, political pundits, political consultants, authors, and occasionally news figures. The group would discuss topical issues selected by Maher, who also participated in the discussions.^[13] Jerry Seinfeld, a regular guest on the show, stated that Politically Incorrect reminded him of talk shows from the 1950s and 60s "when guests interacted with each other as much as with the host."^[14]

Politically Incorrect won an array of awards, including an Emmy Award for Outstanding Technical Direction, two CableACE awards for Best Talk Show Series, and a Genesis Award for Best Television Talk Show. Maher earned numerous award nominations for his producing, writing and hosting of Politically Incorrect, including ten Emmy nominations, two TV Guide nominations, and two Writers Guild nominations. ABC decided against renewing Maher's contract for Politically Incorrect in 2002, after he made a controversial on-air remark shortly after the September 11 attacks.^[15] He agreed with his guest, conservative pundit Dinesh D'Souza, that the 9/11 terrorists did not act in a cowardly manner (in rebuttal to President Bush's statement calling 9/11 hijackers cowards). Maher said, "We have been the cowards. Lobbing cruise missiles from two thousand miles away. That's cowardly. Staying in the airplane when it hits the building. Say what you want about it. Not cowardly. You're right." Maher later clarified that his comment was not anti-military in any way whatsoever, referencing his well-documented longstanding support for the American military.^[16]^[17]^[18]

In the context of the attacks, some corporate advertisers found the comment too insensitive and controversial. Several companies, including FedEx and Sears Roebuck, pulled their advertisements from the show, costing the show more than it returned.

The show was cancelled on June 16, 2002, and the Sinclair Broadcast Group had dropped the show from its ABC-affiliated stations months prior. On June 22, 2002, just six days after the cancellation of Politically Incorrect, Maher received the Los Angeles Press Club president's award (for "championing free speech"). Maher was on the board of judges one year for the PEN/Newman's Own First Amendment Award.

Maher's remarks after 9/11 were not the first time he had sparked controversy on Politically Incorrect. In the same year, Maher was widely criticized for comparing dogs to retarded children. He apologized for his comments.^[19]

[edit] Real Time with Bill Maher

Main article: Real Time with Bill Maher

In 2003, Maher became the host, co-producer and co-writer of Real Time with Bill Maher, a weekly hour-long political comedy talk show on the cable television network HBO. During an interview, Maher told Terry Gross (on NPR's Fresh Air) that he much prefers having serious and well-informed guests on his program, as opposed to the random celebrities that fleshed out his roundtable discussions on Politically Incorrect.^[20]

As with his previous show, Politically Incorrect, Maher begins Real Time with a comic opening monologue based upon current events and other topical issues. He proceeds to a one-on-one interview with a guest, either in-studio or via satellite. Following the interview, Maher sits with three panelists, usually consisting of pundits, authors, activists and journalists, for a discussion of the week's events. In the segment "New Rules" at the end of each show, Maher delivers a humorous editorial on popular culture and American politics.

In late May 2005, Alabama Congressman Spencer Bachus sent a letter to Time Warner's board of directors requesting Real Time be cancelled after remarks Maher made after noting the military had missed its recruiting goals by 42 percent. Bachus said he felt the comments were demeaning to the military and treasonous. Maher stated his highest regard and support for the troops and asked why the congressman criticized him instead of doing something about the recruitment problem.^[21]

Real Time has earned widespread praise. It has been nominated for more than ten Primetime Emmy Awards and six Writer's Guild awards. In 2007, Maher and his co-producers were awarded the Television Producer of the Year Award in Variety Television by the Producers Guild of America.^[22] Maher holds the record for the most Emmy nominations without a win, having been nominated on 22 occasions and not winning once. Eleven of the nominations were for Politically Incorrect, while nine were for Real Time. The other two were nominations for two of his HBO comedy specials: Bill Maher: I'm Swiss and Bill Maher: The Decider.^[23]

HBO announced in July 2011 the show was renewed for a tenth season.^[24]

Christine O'Donnell [link]

On September 17, 2010, Maher aired a clip of Delaware Republican Senatorial candidate Christine O'Donnell from the October 29, 1999 episode of his old show Politically Incorrect on his current show Real Time with Bill Maher,^[25]^[26] where she discussed that she had "dabbled in witchcraft." This was one of the most notable of numerous controversial statements by O'Donnell that made her the most covered candidate in the 2010 mid-term election cycle.^[27]^[28]

Political commentator [link]

Maher is a frequent commentator on various cable news networks, namely CNN, MSNBC, and HLN. Maher has regularly appeared on CNN's The Situation Room with Wolf Blitzer^[29] and has also been a frequent guest on MSNBC's Hardball with Chris Matthews,^[30] The Rachel Maddow Show^[31] and Countdown with Keith Olbermann.^[32] Maher has also appeared as a guest on HLN's The Joy Behar Show.^[33]

Maher hosted the January 13, 2006 edition of Larry King Live, on which he was a frequent guest. Maher appeared as a special guest on the June 29, 2010 edition of the show, on which CNN anchor Larry King announced his retirement.^[34] Maher co-emceed the final show of Larry King Live on December 16, 2010 with Ryan Seacrest.^[35]

Since May 2005, he has been a contributing blogger at The Huffington Post.

Views and beliefs [link]

Politics [link]

Maher and Ingrid Newkirk, founder of PETA. Maher is on the board of directors of the animal rights group.

Maher eschews political labels, referring to himself as "practical".^[36] In the past, he has described himself as a libertarian and has also referred to himself "as a progressive, as a sane person".^[37]^[38]

Maher favors a partial privatization of Social Security, ending corporate welfare and federal funding of non-profits, and legalization of gambling, prostitution, and marijuana. Maher is a member of the advisory boards for both the NORML and Marijuana Policy Project, organizations which support regulated legalization of marijuana.^[39]^[40] He describes himself as an environmentalist, and he has spoken in favor of the Kyoto treaty on global warming on his show Real Time. He often criticizes industry figures involved in environmental pollution.^[41]

Maher is a board member of People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals.

Before the 2004 U.S. presidential election, Maher became candid in his stated opposition to the re-election of George W. Bush and in his support for John Kerry.^[42]

Known for protesting against the demonization of the word "liberal", during the campaign Maher criticized Kerry for being ashamed of the word. On his show, the comedian has noted the paradox of people claiming they distrusted "elite" politicians while at the same time wanting elite doctors to treat them and elite lawyers to represent them in court.^[43] Maher supports the death penalty. Since the 9/11 attacks, he has endorsed the use of racial profiling at airports.^[44]

He was originally against the Iraq War, and has summarized his opinion by saying that the United States and the world have had to pay too high a price for the war. He is skeptical of Iraq surviving without civil war.^[45]

In the 2008 U.S. presidential election, Maher announced his support for Barack Obama.^[46] Although Maher welcomed Obama's electoral victory, he has subjected him to criticism once in office for not acting boldly on health care reform and other progressive issues.^[47]

On February 23, 2012, after his 'Crazy Stupid Politics' special streamed on Yahoo! Screen, Maher announced that he was contributing $1 million to Priorities USA, the Obama SuperPAC.^[48]^[49]

Religion [link]

Health care [link]

Maher has stated that the AMA is a powerful lobbying group and one of the primary reasons why the United States had failed to enact health care reform.^[59]^{[dead link]}^[60]

On August 24, 2009, Maher was a guest on The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien. On the topic of getting health care reform legislation passed, Maher stated that Obama should forget about trying to get 60 votes for it, "he only needs 51." "Forget getting the sixty votes or sixty percent — sixty percent of people don't believe in evolution in this country — he just needs to drag them to it, like I said, they're stupid; get health care done, with or without them."^[61]

Maher has expressed the view that most illness is generally the result of poor diet and lack of exercise, and that medicine is often not the best way of addressing illness. In an episode of his show about the 2008 presidential candidates' health plans, Maher stated that poor nutrition is a primary cause of illness, and that "the answer isn't another pill."^[62] He also has said:" If you believe you need to take all the pills the pharmaceutical industry says you do, then you're already on drugs!"^[63]

He has expressed his distaste for the pharmaceutical and health care industries in general, on the grounds that they make their money out of curing people who are made sick by consuming unhealthy food that corporations urge upon the public. He maintains that mass consumption of high-fructose corn syrup is a contributor to the rise in frequency of obesity in the United States.^[64]

In a discussion with Michael Moore about the film Sicko, Maher said, "The human body is pretty amazing; it doesn't get sick, usually, for no reason. I mean, there's some genetic stuff that can get to you, but, basically, people are sick in this country because they're poisoned. The environment is a poisoning factor, but also, we gotta say, they poison themselves. They eat shit. People eat shit, and that's, to my way of thinking, about 90 percent of why people are sick, is because they eat shit. Would you agree?"^[65]

On October 9, 2009, on his HBO show, Maher debated the effectiveness of flu vaccinations with Bill Frist and stated, "Why would you let them be the ones to stick a disease into your arm? I would never get a swine flu vaccine or any vaccine. I don’t trust the government, especially with my health." Maher also expressed skepticism about the seriousness of the swine flu and whether completely healthy people could die from it. His comments have generated criticism, and his remarks have been called unscientific and even harmful.^[66]

Maher responded to the criticism, noting, "What I've read about what they think I'm saying is not what I've said. I'm not a germ theory denier. I believe vaccinations can work. Polio is a good example. Do I think in certain situations that inoculating Third World children against malaria or diphtheria, or whatever, is right? Of course. In a situation like that, the benefits outweigh costs. But to me living in Los Angeles? To get a flu shot? No."^[67]

He supports the current abortion laws and giving the terminally ill the right to assisted suicide.

Criticism of 9/11 conspiracy theories [link]

Maher has been a critic of 9/11 conspiracy theories. On October 19, 2007, Maher confronted several 9/11 truthers and had them ejected from his show audience after they interrupted the live show numerous times by calling out from the audience. The incident drew significant media attention and praise from Fox News talk show host and frequent critic John Gibson.^[68]

Personal life [link]

Maher has never married. In 2003, he began dating former Playboy Cyber Girl Coco Johnsen. In November 2004, at the end of their 17-month relationship, she sued him for USD $9 million for "pain and suffering" for alleged "insulting, humiliating and degrading racial comments." Her suit^[69] stated that Maher promised to marry her and father her children, support her financially, and purchase a Beverly Hills home. Her suit also alleged that she quit her job as a flight attendant and occasional model to be with him. Maher's lawyers in their response filed on November 23, 2004, in Los Angeles Superior Court said Maher is a "confirmed bachelor, and a very public one at that" who "never promised to marry [Johnsen] or to have children with her."^[70]

Maher's filing stated that, after the relationship had ended, Johnsen "launched a campaign to embarrass, humiliate, and extort ridiculous sums of money from Bill Maher." Johnsen accused another former boyfriend of rape and kidnapping in 1997, and the charges were later dismissed for lack of evidence.^[71] Her lawsuit against Maher was dismissed on May 2, 2005.

Maher next to his star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in September 2010

Maher enjoys his bachelor status and states that he does not want to get married. On his website, he is quoted as saying, "I'm the last of my guy friends to have never gotten married, and their wives — they don't want them playing with me. I'm like the escaped slave — I bring news of freedom."^[72]

In 2005, he began dating Karrine Steffans, best-selling author and former hip hop model.^[73]^[74]^[75] When commentators suggested there was a pattern to his dating because both his girlfriend and former girlfriend were black, Maher said, "People say I'm into black women. Robert De Niro is into black women. I'm just into women who are real, and they happen to be black."^[74]

From 2009 to 2011, Maher dated the neuroscientist and science educator Cara Santa Maria.^[76]

Credits [link]

Bibliography [link]

True Story : A Novel, 1994 (ISBN 0-7432-4251-3)
Does Anybody Have a Problem With That? Politically Incorrect's Greatest Hits, 1996 (ISBN 0-679-45627-9)
Does Anybody Have a Problem with That? The Best of Politically Incorrect, 1997 (ISBN 0-345-41281-8)
When You Ride Alone You Ride With Bin Laden: What the Government Should Be Telling Us to Help Fight the War on Terrorism, 2003 (ISBN 1-893224-90-2)
Keep the Statue of Liberty Closed: The New Rules, 2004 (ISBN 1-932407-47-2)
New Rules: Polite Musings from a Timid Observer, 2005 (ISBN 1-59486-295-8)
The New New Rules: A Funny Look at How Everybody but Me Has Their Head Up Their Ass, 2011 (ISBN 0-39915-841-3)

Filmography [link]

Film
Year	Title	Role
1983	D.C. Cab	Bob
1986	Rags to Riches	Freddie
	Club Med	Rick
	Ratboy	Party Guest
1987	House II: The Second Story	John
1988	Out of Time	Maxwell Taylor
1989	Cannibal Women in the Avocado Jungle of Death	Jim
1991	Pizza Man	Elmo Bunn
1996	Don't Quit Your Day Job!	Comic's Table
1997	Bimbo Movie Bash	Unknown
1998	EDtv	Himself
2001	Tomcats (film)	Carlos
2005	The Aristocrats	Himself
2008	Swing Vote	Himself
2008	Religulous	Himself
2009	New Rules: Best of	Himself
2010	Sex, Drugs & Religion (2010)	Himself
HBO Specials
Year	Title	Role
1989	One Night Stand	Himself
1992	One Night Stand	Himself
1995	Stuff that Struck Me Funny	Himself
1997	The Golden Goose Special	Himself
2000	Be More Cynical	Himself
2003	Victory Begins at Home	Himself
2005	I'm Swiss	Himself
2007	The Decider	Himself
2010	But I'm Not Wrong	Himself
Other Specials
2012	Bill Maher Stand-Up: CrazyStupidPolitics	Himself
Television
Year	Title	Role
1985	Sara	Marty Lang
1987	Hard Knocks	Unknown
1987	Max Headroom	Haskel
1989–90	Murder, She Wrote	(2 episodes)
1990	The Midnight Hour	Host
1991	Charlie Hoover	Elliot
1992	Say What?	Host
1993	Married... with Children	Adam Gold
1993	Roseanne	Photographer
1997	Dharma & Greg	Himself
1993–2002	Politically Incorrect	Host
2002	Just for Laughs	Himself
2003–present	Real Time with Bill Maher	Host
2008	True Blood	Himself
2010	The Boondocks	Himself
2010	Family Guy	Himself

References [link]

^ "Political Satirist Bill Maher's 'New Rules'". NPR. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4792262. Retrieved January 23, 2011.
^ "Interview with Larry King, 9-28-03". CNN. http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0308/28/lkl.00.html. "Larry, I'm a PETA board member."
^ University of California – Los Angeles (October 11, 2010). "Where Religious Belief And Disbelief Meet". ScienceDaily. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091005092302.htm.
^ Comedy Central's Top 100; ComedyCentral.com; April 4, 2005
^ "Bill Maher gets Hollywood Walk of Fame star, September 14, 2010". USA Today. September 14, 2010. http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2010-09-14-maher-hollywood-star_N.htm. Retrieved January 23, 2011.
^ "Bill Maher Biography (1956–)". Film Reference. http://www.filmreference.com/film/32/Bill-Maher.html. Retrieved January 17, 2008.
^ "Interview With Bill Maher". CNN. May 24, 2002. http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0205/24/lkl.00.html. Retrieved January 17, 2008.
^ King, Larry (May 24, 2002). "CNN LARRY KING LIVE Interview With Bill Maher". CNN. http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0205/24/lkl.00.html. Retrieved April 23, 2010. "But I never even knew I was half-Jewish until I was a teenager."
^ Carlin-McCall, Kelly (November/December 2008). "The Real Bill". Irish America magazine. http://www.irishabroad.com/irishworld/irishamericamag/octnov08/features/bill-maher-octnov08.asp. Retrieved April 23, 2010. "So the fact that I’m half Irish and half Jewish, they both contributed to a sense of humor."
^ Morgan, Piers (July 2011). "Bill Maher explains his 'apatheism,' apathetic atheism". CNN. http://religion.blogs.cnn.com/2011/07/12/maher-on-religion/. Retrieved July 12, 2011. ""...and I was raised Catholic. I was never Jewish""
^ "Getting Blasphemous in the Presence of Bill Maher". Media.www.diamondbackonline.com. http://web.archive.org/web/20081221013449/http://media.www.diamondbackonline.com/media/storage/paper873/news/2008/10/03/Diversions/Getting.Blasphemous.In.The.Presence.Of.Bill.Maher-3467097.shtml. Retrieved October 18, 2010.
^ "Entertainment; Ivy League Celebrities". Comcast.net. http://www.comcast.net/slideshow/entertainment-ivyleague/18/. Retrieved November 7, 2011.
^ Carter, Bill (February 27, 1994). "TELEVISION; Lots of Political Humor, and No Morton Kondracke". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/27/arts/television-lots-of-political-humor-and-no-morton-kondracke.html?n=Top/Reference/Times%20Topics/People/M/Maher,%20Bill. Retrieved August 9, 2010.
^ Hart, Hugh (August 10, 1995). "Talking Issues". Chicago Tribune. http://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/27/arts/television-lots-of-political-humor-and-no-morton-kondracke.html?n=Top/Reference/Times%20Topics/People/M/Maher,%20Bill. Retrieved August 9, 2010.
^ "The Big Story: Politically Incorrect". http://thebigstory.org/ov/ov-politicallyincorrect.html. Retrieved June 19, 2007.
^ Goldberg, Danny (2002). It's a Free Country: Personal Freedom in America After September 11. RDV Books. p. 77. ISBN 0-9719206-0-5.
^ Garofoli, Joe. Talk host's towering rant: S.F. not worth saving. San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2005/11/11/MNGFMFMNV41.DTL. Retrieved October 9, 2007
^ Navasky, Victor. Profiles in Cowardice. The Nation. http://www.thenation.com/doc/20011105/navasky. Retrieved October 9, 2007
^ "TV Host's Words Draw Criticism and Apology". The New York Times. January 18, 2001. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=health&res=9D06E6DA1F3DF93BA25752C0A9679C8B63. Retrieved April 1, 2010.
^ "Bill Maher: Four More Years". NPR. February 8, 2005. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4490632. Retrieved August 9, 2010.
^ "Bill Maher's Remark About Army 'Borders on Treason,' Lawmaker Says – Celebrity Gossip | Entertainment News | Arts And Entertainment". FOXNews.com. May 23, 2005. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,157435,00.html. Retrieved October 18, 2010.
^ Producers Guild of America Awards - Winners 1990-2010; PGA.org; May 29, 2012
^ "Gold Derby". The Los Angeles Times. July 20, 2009. http://goldderby.latimes.com/awards_goldderby/2009/07/will-emmys-biggest-loser-bill-maher-ever-win.html.
^ "TCA 2011: HBO to get 'Luck'-y in January". LA Times. July 28, 2011. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/showtracker/2011/07/tca-2011-.html.
^ McGreal, Chris (September 20, 2010). "Christine O'Donnell: I dabbled in witchcraft". The Guardian (London: Guardian News and Media Limited). http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/sep/20/christine-o-donnell-dabbled-witchcraft. Retrieved September 20, 2010.
^ Michael Sragow. "Bill Maher celebrates the art of standup". The Baltimore Sun. http://www.baltimoresun.com/entertainment/bs-ae-arts-story-1119-20101118,0,6769640.story.
^ The Midterms’ Media Mainstays | Project for Excellence in Journalism (PEJ)
^ Ken Tucker. "Christine O'Donnell, witchcraft, and Bill Maher: TV and politics put a hex on common sense". Entertainment Weekly. http://watching-tv.ew.com/2010/09/19/christine-odonnell-witchcraft-bill-maher.
^ Robyn Ross. "Bill Maher: Zach Galifianakis Did Not Light Up a Real Joint". TVGuide. http://www.tvguide.com/News/Zach-Galifianakis-Joint-1024995.aspx.
^ "Bill Maher plays Hardball". MSN. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/11366025/ns/msnbc_tv-hardball_with_chris_matthews.
^ "Arianna Hosts The Rachel Maddow Show with Guests Bill Maher, Lawrence O'Donnell, Nate Silver, Cory Booker and Google's Eric Schmidt". Huffington Post. December 18, 2008. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/huff-tv/arianna-hosts-the-irachel_b_144514.html.
^ "Maher on Countdown with Keith Olbermann (video)". MSNBC. January 21, 2011. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/3036677/#40225161. Retrieved November 7, 2011.
^ "Bill Maher spends some real time with Joy". CNN. http://joybehar.blogs.cnn.com/2010/09/28/bill-maher-spends-some-real-time-with-joy. ^{[dead link]}
^ "Bill Maher helps Larry King say goodbye". Mediaite. http://www.mediaite.com/tv/bill-maher-helps-larry-king-say-goodbye/. Retrieved August 9, 2010.
^ Rowe, Douglas J. (December 16, 2010). "Surrounded by Famous Fans, Larry King Ends His 25-Year Run on CNN". TV Guide. http://www.tvguide.com/News/Larry-King-Ends-1026885.aspx. Retrieved November 7, 2011.
^ Martel, Frances (July 11, 2011). "Bill Maher To Piers Morgan: I Hope Sarah Palin And Michele Bachmann ‘Split the MILF Vote’". Mediaite. http://www.mediaite.com/tv/bill-maher-to-piers-morgan-palin-can-absolutely-win-in-2012-but-hed-vote-for-bachmann/. Retrieved November 7, 2011.
^ Rutenberg, Jim. (October 8, 2001.) "Bill Maher still secure in ABC slot, at least now". New York Times via nytimes.com. Retrieved on October 12, 2007.
^ "Maher slams 2012 GOP presidential field (video)". CNN. July 16, 2010. http://edition.cnn.com/video/?/video/bestoftv/2011/06/14/exp.ac.maher.part1.debate.cnn. Retrieved November 7, 2011.
^ "NORML Advisory Board". National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws. http://norml.org/advisory-board. Retrieved March 22, 2012.
^ "MPP Advisory Board". Marijuana Policy Project. http://www.mpp.org/vip/. Retrieved March 22, 2012.
^ Halem, Dann. (August 1, 2001.) "Is Bill Maher a libertarian?", Salon (news website). Retrieved on October 12, 2007.
^ Seelye, Katharine Q. (August 2, 2004). " "Convictions Intact, Nader Soldiers On". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2004/08/02/us/convictions-intact-nader-soldiers-on.html?scp=1&sq=Maher%202000%20Bush&st=cse". Retrieved April 1, 2010.
^ "Say it loud: I'm elite and proud!" Salon; April 13, 2007
^ (2002-12-16 broadcast.) "CNN American Morning with Paula Zahn: Talk with Bill Maher". (Transcript.) Cnn.com (Caveat: "This is a rush transcript.") Retrieved on October 12, 2007.
^ Modell, Josh. "Bill Maher | Film | Interview". The A.V. Club. http://www.avclub.com/articles/bill-maher,14307/. Retrieved October 18, 2010.
^ "Ear to the Ground – Down to the Wire". Truthdig. http://www.truthdig.com/eartotheground/item/20080204_down_to_the_wire/. Retrieved October 18, 2010.
^ Baram, Marcus (June 15, 2009). "Bill Maher Tells Olbermann Why He's Criticizing Obama". Huffington post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/06/15/bill-maher-tells-olberman_n_215964.html. Retrieved February 14, 2011.
^ "CrazyStupidPolitics: Bill Maher Live on Yahoo! Screen". Screen.yahoo.com. 2011-04-20. http://screen.yahoo.com/crazystupidpolitics/. Retrieved 2012-02-24.
^ Bill Maher on Twitter.
^ "Bill Maher – APATHEIST", The Richard Dawkins Foundation, April 25, 2007
^ ", CNN Belief Blogs, July 12, 2011
^ "Bill Maher: The God Botherer"; The Sunday Times; April 1, 2009
^ Demara, Bruce. (September 10, 2007.) "Maher preaches to the TIFF choir". The Toronto Star via thestar.com. Retrieved on October 9, 2007.
^ Jaafar, Ali and Dade Hayes. (September 10, 2007.) "Toronto festival wary of serious films: 'Religulous' finds following at film fest"^{[dead link]}. Variety via variety.com. Retrieved on October 9, 2007.
^ "Bill Maher to Muslims: Go away". Salon.com. October 29, 2010. http://www.salon.com/news/politics/war_room/2010/11/01/bill_maher_on_muslims. Retrieved March 13, 2011.
^ "Bill Maher Stands By Mohammed Remarks: ‘I Don’t Need To Apologize For Being A Proud Westerner’". Mediaite.com. November 1, 2010. http://www.mediaite.com/tv/bill-maher-stands-by-mohammed-remarks-i-dont-need-to-apologize-for-being-a-proud-westerner/. Retrieved March 13, 2011.
^ AAI Announces Site of 2009 Convention; AAI Organization; May 12, 2010
^ Walker, Joseph (January 8, 2012). "Group lists Top Ten Anti-Mormon Statements of 2011". Deseret News. http://www.deseretnews.com/article/print/700213557/Group-lists-Top-Ten-Anti-Mormon-Statements-of-2011.html.
^ (2009-06-15). Keith Olbermann: Bill Maher Talks About Taking On Obama. Countdown With Keith Olbermann. Retrieved June 30, 2009.
^ Countdown With Keith Olbermann; MSNBC; June 15, 2009
^ "''Tonight Show'' with Conan O'Brien". Tonightshowwithconanobrien.com. http://www.tonightshowwithconanobrien.com/video/clips/bill-maher-pt2-082409/1149697/. Retrieved October 18, 2010.
^ Real Time with Bill Maher; September 28, 2007; HBO
^ "WINHS, World Institute of Natural Health Sciences - Home". Winhs.org. http://www.winhs.org/. Retrieved 2012-02-24.
^ Larry King Live – Interview With Bill Maher; CNN; September 13, 2004
^ Maher and Moore Chew (Out) the Fat; Kerry Trueman, The Huffington Post; May 30, 2007
^ Parker-Pope, Tara (October 13, 2009). "Bill Maher vs. the Flu Vaccine". The New York Times. http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/10/13/bill-maher-vs-the-flu-vaccine/. Retrieved April 1, 2010.
^ Needling Bill Maher; Winnipeg Sun; October 28, 2009
^ "Hat's Off to Bill Maher". Fox News Channel. October 22, 2007. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,304240,00.html. Retrieved January 17, 2008.
^ "Bill Maher Hit With Palimony Suit". http://www.thesmokinggun.com/archive/1111041coco1.html. Retrieved January 3, 2009.
^ "Bill Maher Fights Back". http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/12-1-2004-62384.asp. Retrieved January 3, 2009.
^ "Bill Maher". http://www.nndb.com/people/399/000022333/. Retrieved January 3, 2009.
^ "About Bill Maher". http://www.billmaher.com/. Retrieved January 3, 2009.
^ Calhoune, Sandra. "Plot Summary of Confessions of A Video Vixen". http://www.allreaders.com/topics/Info_35499.asp. Retrieved January 8, 2009.
^ ^a ^b "Bill Maher — Smart, Snide, Still Single". http://www.savvyinsider.com/article.php?op=viewArticle&article_ID=305. Retrieved January 3, 2009.
^ A Bawdy Lifestyle, and How to Shake It Washington Post; July 28, 2005
^ Bill Maher & Cara Santa Maria Split

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Bill Maher

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Bill Maher

Official website
Bill Maher on Twitter
Bill Maher on Myspace
Bill Maher at the Internet Movie Database
Works by or about Bill Maher in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
Bill Maher on National Public Radio in 2004
Appearances on C-SPAN
Bill Maher on Charlie Rose
HBO's "Real Time with Bill Maher" site
2006 Maher Interview with The A.V. Club
2009 Maher Interview with writers at the Religulous DVD release
Bill Maher collected news and commentary at The New York Times

v t e Bill Maher

TV and films	Religulous Politically Incorrect Real Time with Bill Maher (episodes)

Books	New Rules: Polite Musings from a Timid Observer When You Ride Alone You Ride with bin Laden

HBO Specials	The Decider But I'm Not Wrong I'm Swiss Be More Cynical

Persondata
Name	Maher, William
Alternative names
Short description	American comedian, writer
Date of birth	January 20, 1956
Place of birth	New York City, New York, United States
Date of death
Place of death

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Maher

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Playlist

Film Summary

Kaine, Tim Filmography

Famous quotes by Tim Kaine:

"Often, money is taken out of that fund for other projects. I'll make sure that stops."

"We can't just tax and pave our way out of traffic. I'll give your community more power to stop out-of-control development that increases traffic."

"God grants life, and God should take it away. [Do] horrible, heinous things deserve incredible punishment? You bet."

"It wasn't close a few months ago."

"I think he realizes that if he has to stand up and (answer) that, folks aren't going to like the answers he gives."

"I feel the momentum is going the right way. Virginians have been happy with what Mark and I have done. They don't want to do a U-turn and that's really helping me."

"I am focusing on things where we can build on this management tradition that we have, advance smart priorities and do so in ways that save us money on the back end."

"We spend at least $5 for remedial education right now for every dollar we put in early childhood education. All the studies on early childhood education show this is going to pay for itself."

"I was the legal counsel in the effort to amend the Virginia Constitution to give Virginians the right to hunt and fish constitutionally, and we are one of the few states in the country to protect that right."

"Look back to 2001, ... President Bush was at his all-time high, it was just after Sept. 11, and Virginia elected a Democratic governor."

Make changes yourself !

Make changes yourself !

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[edit] Politically Incorrect with Bill Maher

[edit] Real Time with Bill Maher

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