Hardoi
—  city  —
Hardoi Location of Hardoi in Uttar Pradesh and India
Coordinates	27°25′N 80°07′E / 27.42°N 80.12°E / 27.42; 80.12Coordinates: 27°25′N 80°07′E / 27.42°N 80.12°E / 27.42; 80.12
Country	India
State	Uttar Pradesh
District(s)	Hardoi
Population	112,474 (2001[update])
Time zone	IST (UTC+05:30)
Area • Elevation	• 134 metres (440 ft)

Hardoi (Hindi: हरदोई, Urdu: ہردوئی) is a city and a municipal board in Hardoi district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Hardoi District.

Geography[link]

Hardoi is located at 27°25′N 80°07′E / 27.42°N 80.12°E / 27.42; 80.12.^[1] It has an average elevation of 134 metres (439 feet).Hardoi district is contiguous of Shahjahanpur and Lakhimpur Kheri districts on the north, Lucknow and Unnao districts on the south, Kanpur and Farrukhabad districts on the west and Sitapur district on the east. Hardoi is located at 110 km from Lucknow (capital of Uttar Pradesh) and 394 from New Delhi (capital of India). The Ganges and several of its tributaries are crossing the south of Hardoi district. Its area is 5947 km². The record height is 500 ft. In 1995, Hardoi district had 5 km² of dense forest and 13 km² of open forest.

The great temple of God Shiva called as 'Baba Sunasirnath' is one of most alluring and venerated place in Mallawan region, people not only from Hardoi but even from other districts come to visit this heavenly place. According to people, some British officers tried to demolish this temple along with the 'shivalinga' but as soon as they hit the shivalinga, large no of snakes, bees and other poisonous creatures attacked them. All the Britishers fled away from that place and could never forget the horrific experiences of Sunasirnath temple.

Since then the region witnesses great rush mostly in the "sawan" month and local people worship the shivalinga everyday.

History[link]

Name origin[link]

People believe that the name Hardoi comes from distorted version of its earlier name Haridrohi, which is a Hindi word that means "anti to the God". According to Hindu theology in past it was ruled by a king Hirnakashyap, who didn’t have faith in God, but instead declared himself as God. He wanted the people should pray him but later his own son Prahlad rebelled. He tried to kill his own son by various means but he was unsuccessful. Later, to save Prahlad, God himself came in disguise, such that he was neither human nor animal, and killed "HIRNAKASHYAP". According to some scholars the term "Hardoi" originated from the term "Haridwaya" which means two Gods. Since there were two Gods Baman bhagvan (in the regime of King 'BALI) and Narsimha Bhagvan (in the regime of King HIRANYAKASHIPU) had been incarnated hence the place called Haridwaya and later called Hardoi.

Muslim occupation[link]

Hardoi is first mentioned during the Muslim rule.In 1028, Bwan was invaded by Sayyid Salara Masgud. However, Muslim didn’t occupy the region until 1217. Many battles between the Mogul and Afghan empires took place in Hardoi district due to the situation of the district. Humayun was defeated by Sher Shah Suri between the cities of Bilgram and Sandi and he escaped by crossing the river Ganges with the help of a bhisti to whome he had made the king for oneday after regaing the throne.

Later, in February 1856, Hardoi, as a part of Oudh, became part of the British territory after Lord Dalhousie's proclamation. The headquarters of the district were at first Mallawan, but then became Hardoi after the Sepoy Mutiny.

Hardoi is a place in the entire world where we have a many old temples which are world famous,Such as Neemsaar,Sarvan Devi and BabaMandir.

Economy[link]

In 1901, the main activities were wood-carving industry, salpetre works and grain trade. The district exported grain, sugar, hides, tobacco and salpetre.

Agriculture[link]

Agriculture is the main activity in the district and many people depend on it. 3980.45 km² of Hardoi district are devoted to agriculture. The main crops are paddy, sugarcane, wheat, vegetables, pulses and oilseeds. A small proportion of the total cultivated are is used for horticulture : guava, mangos, some herbs, etc. Irrigation is made possible by the presence of the Hardoi and Lucknow branches of the Sarda Canal.

Industry[link]

Generally people of the district depends upon the Agriculture based economy. At present the important industries of Hardoi district are as follows.

• M/s transport group ( Shiva transport), Hardoi
• M/S Jai Bharat Industries,Hardoi
• M/s SAF YEAST Co. Ltd. Sandila
• M/s Metal Wire Pvt. Limited Sandila
• M/s Baba Gauri Shankar Floor Mill, Hardoi
• M/s DSCL Sugar, unit Rupapur, Bharkhani,Hardoi
• M/s DSCL Sugar, unit Hariyawan, Hardoi
• M/s DSCL Sugar, unit Loni, Shahabad, Hardoi
• M/s Engineers Group ( P.K.Enterprises), Hardoi

The Major industry in the district is M/s SAF YEAST Co. Ltd. at Sandila tehsil of District Hardoi. The second plant of the Company was established in 1990 in Sandila (First Plant at Chiplun in Maharastra in year 1981) with the collaboration of France (The World's largest producers of yeast). This company is the single largest producer of yeast in India. The Company apart from producing baker's yeast also produces yeast for application like wine making, feed yeast, probiotic yeast, yeast extract, yeast based natural flavors, distillery, pharmaceuticals. The company has established Leon Research Center in the year 1989 to develop appropriate technology for industrial technology for industrial application of yeast in India. The Department of Science & Technology, Govt. Of India have recognized this center as a Research Laboratory.

DSCL Sugar has 3 state of the art sugar manufacturing units in this district.

Transport[link]

Hardoi is connected to the following cities :

• Lucknow (capital of Uttar Pradesh) : 102 km by railway track and 110 km by road.
• Kanpur : 140 km by road.
• New Delhi (capital of India) : 394 km by railway track & road.
• Bareily 142 km by road
• Unnao 110 km by road
• Sitapur 72 km by road

Education[link]

G.D.C.,Hardoi

Degree colleges[link]

• Maharana Pratap Government Post Graduate College, Hardoi (Government Degree college, Hardoi/G.D.C., Hardoi)
• Cane Society Nehru Degree College, Hardoi
• [[Arya Kanya Degree College, Hardoi|Arya Kanya Degree College, Hardoi
  • • P.B.R.Inter College terwa Gausganj Hardoi
  • B.N.INTER COLLEGE MALAWAN HARDOI
  • LUCKNOW PUBLIC SCHOOL MADHOGANJ

R. R. Inter College, Hardoi

• R. R. Inter College, Hardoi
• G. I. C., Hardoi
• Maharishi Vidya Mandir, Hardoi
• Saint James Senior Secondary School, Hardoi
• Bal Vidya Bhawan Public School, Hardoi
• Sri Guru Ram Rai Public school, Hardoi
• The New Heights School, Hardoi
• St Xaviers senior secondary School,Hardoi
• Shree Veni Madhav Girls Inter College, Hardoi
• Lal Bahadur Shastri Inter College, Hardoi
• Arya Kanya Girls Inter College, Hardoi

Other institutes[link]

Raja Todarmal Survey and Land Record Institute, Hardoi

Raja Todarmal Survey and Land Record Institute, Hardoi[link]

Raja Todarmal Survey and Land Record Institute provides training to IAS, IPS, PCS, PPS, Naiab Tehsildars, ACO and Kanoongo trainees. Facilities include hostel, guest house, auditorium, lecture theaters, computer lab and a residential colony. Location: Lucknow Road, Hardoi

D.I.E.T., Hardoi[link]

D.I.E.T., Hardoi provides training to BTC Teachers & others.

BIT Computers, Hardoi[link]

BIT Computers, Hardoi the oldest Institute providing Computer Education from 1997

Demographics[link]

As of 2011^[update] India census,^[2] Hardoi had a population of 4,091,380. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Average literacy rate of Hardoi in 2011 were 68.89 compared to 51.88 of 2001, lower than the national average of 74.9%: male literacy is 77%, and female literacy is 59%.^[3] In Hardoi, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Notable persons[link]

• • Late Shri Narpati Singh Ruiya Naresh (Freedom Fighter)
  • Late Shri Ganga Bhakta Singh (Deputy Chairman of Planning Commission and Former Minister in Govt. of India)
  • Late Shri Dharmgaj Singh (Freedom Fighter and Ex-Member of Parliament, affiliated to INC)
  • Late Shri Shreesh Chandra Agarwal (Leader)
  • Shri Naresh Chandra Agarwal (Son of Shri Shreesh Chandra Agarwal, Leader, Ex-Minister)
  • Late Shri Surendra Singh (Ex Vice Chancellor of Agriculture University Jabalpur, MP)
  • Shri Satyendra Kumar Yadav (IAS Officer)
  • Shri Suresh Pal Singh Somvanshi 'Som' (Poet)
  • Lala Kashinath (Businessman)
  • Shri Santosh Kumar Kushwaha (Poet)
  • late Dr Shiv Balak Shukla (Poet, wrote "sarvankumar""Sootputra Karna")
  • Shri Illias Azmi (Ex-Member of Parliament)
  • Late Shri Parmai Lal (Dalit-Leader)
  • Smt Usha Verma (Member of Parliament)
  • Shri Jai Prakash (Former MP)
  • Shri Raghvendra Singh (Former MP)
  • Dr. Anshuman Awasthi (Automotive R&D Professional at Mercedes-Benz)
  • SHRI Ram Singh "Premi" (poet)
  • Shri Shiv Gulam "KEHARI"(poet)

References[link]

Sarvodaya Ashram, A leading NGO in the field of Agriculture, Education Website for Sarvodaya Ashram

External links[link]

• Official Website of Hardoi

This article may contain wording that promotes the subject through exaggeration of unnoteworthy facts. Please remove or replace such wording.

Suresh Kumar Raina ( pronunciation (help·info) (born 27 November 1986) is an Indian cricketer from Gaziabad, Uttar Pradesh. His family comes from a town of Rainawari, in Jammu & Kashmir,thus the surname "Raina".^[1] Raina has been a member of the Indian cricket team for ODIs since July 2008, and was included in the Test squad in early 2006, but did not make his debut until July 2010. Domestically, he plays for Uttar Pradesh in the Ranji Trophy and Central Zone in the Duleep Trophy. He is a left-handed batsman and an occasional off spinner.

Personal life[link]

Raina decided to take up cricket seriously in 1999, and moved from his city Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, UP (near New Delhi) to Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh, to attend the specialist government Sports College.^[2] He rose to become the captain of the Uttar Pradesh U-16s came to prominence amongst Indian selectors in 2002, when he was selected at the age of 15 and a half years for the U-19 tour to England, where he made a pair of half-centuries in the U-19 Test matches.^[3] He toured Sri Lanka later that year with the U-17 team. He made his Ranji Trophy debut for Uttar Pradesh against Assam in February 2003 at the age of 16, but did not play another match until the following season. In late 2003, he toured Pakistan for the U-19 Asian ODI Championship before being selected for the 2004 U-19 World Cup, where he scored three half centuries, including a 90 scored off only 38 balls. He was then awarded a Border-Gavaskar scholarship to train at the Australian Cricket Academy and in early 2005, he made his first-class limited overs debut, and scored 645 runs that season at an average of 53.75.^[4] He was selected to participate in the Challenger Series in early 2005,^[5] and after injury to Sachin Tendulkar and suspension to captain Sourav Ganguly, Raina was selected for the Indian Oil Cup 2005 in Sri Lanka.^[6]

Career[link]

Early international career[link]

Raina bowling in the nets

Raina had a difficult start to his international career, being dismissed first ball by Sri Lankan spinner Muttiah Muralitharan.^[7] After scoring 37 runs in the tournament at an average of 12.33, and with the return of Ganguly from suspension, Raina was omitted from the starting XI for the tour of Zimbabwe. With Ganguly being sacked after a row with Indian coach Greg Chappell and Mohammed Kaif injured, Raina played in five of the matches against Sri Lanka in India, mostly as a supersub, and made a cameo 39 not out to guide the team to victory in the fourth ODI. He was again watching from the sidelines in the series against South Africa after Kaif's return and Gautam Gambhir forced his entry into the team with a century, but got another chance to become a regular member of the Indian middle order during the 2010 tour of Pakistan, after vice-captain Virender Sehwag returned home injured. He was only required to bat in one match, in which he helped guide the latter part of the successful run chase in the fourth ODI.

Upon his return to India, he was called up to the Test squad, at the expense of former captain Ganguly, although he did not play in the Test series against England. He earned his first man of the match award in the subsequent ODI series after scoring an unbeaten 81* in a successful run-chase at Faridabad. After scoring two more half-centuries in the series at an average of 48, Raina was awarded a BCCI C-grade contract.^[8] He was selected for both squads for the tour to the West Indies, but did not make his Test debut.

After a poor run in the Malaysia Tri-Series in September and in the 2006 ICC Champions Trophy, Raina was relegated to the bench midway through the ODI tour of South Africa. This spread to the Test team, where he was dropped from the squad altogether despite the injury to Yuvraj Singh, with Ganguly and Dinesh Karthik being recalled to the team. In January 2008, Raina was recalled to the team and toured Australia for a limited overs campaign, but did not play in any of India's 10 ODIs or the one-off T20 international.

After a strong IPL season in 2008, Raina broke back into the XI for a triangular ODI tournament in Bangladesh when senior batsman Sachin Tendulkar was rested from the competition.

On 25 June 2008, he scored his maiden hundred against Hong Kong during the 2008 Asia Cup. His 66 balls hundred was at the time, the second fastest century in Indian ODI history.^[9] He scored 84 of 69 against Pakistan and 116 of 107 against Bangladesh, in next two matches. Hence, he won man of the match award successively three times.^[10][11] Since then, Raina has been a member of India's full-strength ODI and T20 team.

2010 World Twenty20[link]

During the 2010 World Twenty20 in the West Indies, Raina was criticised for a perceived weakness against the short ball. With his 101 from 60 balls with five sixes and nine fours in the 2010 ICC World Twenty20 against South Africa on 2 May 2010, he became the third player to score a Twenty20 international century after the West Indies' Chris Gayle and New Zealand's Brendon McCullum. He then missed the ODI series in the West Indies because of injury. In January 2010, Raina scored 106 from 115 balls in the final of the triangular ODI tournament against Sri Lanka in Bangladesh. His innings took India to 245 after they collapsed to 5/60, but it was not enough to save the match.

2010 South Africa tour of India[link]

In South Africa's tour of India in 2010, Raina was called in the squad for the second test, but was not selected in the playing XI. He captained the Indian team for the Tri-series against Sri Lanka and Zimbabwe in Zimbabwe as all the other first-choice players were rested from the tournament. India lost the first match under his captaincy against Zimbabwe by six wickets, but won the next match against Sri Lanka. The Indians then lost their remaining two matches and did not make the final.

2010 tour of Sri Lanka[link]

Raina was then brought into the Test squad for the tour of Sri Lanka in July and August 2010. He made his debut in the Second Test after Yuvraj Singh was ill. Sri Lanka made 4/642 declared and India were in trouble at 4/241 when Raina came in to join Sachin Tendulkar. Raina went on to reach a century on debut as the pair put on a double century partnership. Yuvraj recovered in time for the Third Test but the selectors opted to retain Raina. However, poor form throughout 2010-2011, including a failure to make any impact on the Centurion Test which South Africa won by an innings, he was dropped in favour of rookie Cheteshwar Pujara for the remainder of the series, in which India battled back to draw 1-1.

2011 Cricket World Cup[link]

He was on the bench through the first half of the 2011 Cricket World Cup as captain Mahendra Singh Dhoni went with the in-form Yusuf Pathan. This remained so until the group game against West Indies, which he started due to an injury to Virender Sehwag. He started against defending champions Australia in the quarter-finals as Dhoni made a strategic change, omitting Yusuf Pathan in favour of Raina. Raina responded by assisting Yuvraj Singh in a successful run chase through high pressure, making 34 from 28 balls to carry India to victory. In the semi-final against Pakistan, he batted with tailenders and scored unbeaten 36 runs without which India would have been hard pressed to bowl Pakistan out, as they ultimately did. He also fielded well in this game, taking the catch which completed Younis Khan's dismissal of Yuvraj's over.^[12] He took another catch in the final against Sri Lanka, and did not have to bat.

2011 tour of the West Indies[link]

After the World Cup Raina took over as captain of the ODI side for the tour of the West Indies after Dhoni opted to rest and Gambhir was injured. India won the series, but Raina averaged just 16.4. In the Test matches he scored 232 runs at the average of 46.4 making crucial fifties in each Test.

2011 tour of England[link]

He was selected for the England tour in July. There was a lot of debate whether who should play in first test at Lord's, Yuvraj or Raina. But a century in a practice match against Somerset sealed a place for him in the playing eleven. Aside from a half-century in the first Test at Lord's, Raina managed just 27 runs from seven innings. He struggled against short bowling and in the final Test was out for a 29-ball duck, the longest in India's Test history.^[13][14]

Raina running through a poor form in the Test series especially in the last match made some impact in the 5 match-ODI series though the team was unable to secure a win at all.He top-scored in a rain-affected game at the Lord's scoring a commendable 84 from 111 balls.In the first One Day International he scored 88, but fell to steven Finn.

Indian Premier League[link]

Suresh Raina was signed by the Chennai Super Kings for $650,000 for the first three years of the tournament.

Raina made significant contributions in the first edition of the tournament to compensate the Chennai Super Kings over the losses of key players in Matthew Hayden, Michael Hussey and Jacob Oram. He played a vital MOTM performance in the last league fixture to give Chennai Super Kings the win they required to qualify for the semi-finals. Ultimately the Super Kings finished as the runners-up of the league with Raina with 421 scoring the most runs for them.

Raina found form in the 2009 IPL scoring 434 runs off the 14 games he had played at a strike rate over 140.00.He made a sensational 98 runs from 55 balls (losing his century due to scoring errors) against the Rajasthan Royals at Centurion.He was the fourth leading-run getter of the tournament and second for the Super kings behind Orange-cap holder Matthew Hayden.Raina also became the fifth economical bowler of the tournament taking 7 wickets in all.

Again in 2010 IPL, Raina's consistent batting throughout the series won him applause and became the all-time run-getter of the league surpassing Australian legend Adam Gilchrist halfway down the tournament.He also captained the Super Kings for three matches in skipper Dhoni's absence and took some sensational catches in the field. He scored 520 runs in all, making him the third highest-run getter of the series and the first for Chennai. He also was awarded the "best fielder award" by the BCCI ahead of the finals.^[15] He played a vital half-century which turned the final to Chennai's tide who ultimately went on to become the champions beating the Mumbai Indians.

At the end of the season,Raina set the record for scoring the most no. of runs in the tournament, with 421, 434, and 520 and also taking the most no. of catches, two records that are still to be broken.^[16] Raina also had hit the second maximum no. of sixes behind Adam Gilchrist in the three editions of the league. He was retained by the Super Kings for the 2011 Indian Premier League along with Murali Vijay, Albie Morkel and skipper Dhoni.

In the 2011 IPL too, Suresh Raina maintained his reputation as the leading run-scorer with 438 runs, again being the only player to cross 400 do so for all the four seasons.His most crucial knock came against the Royal Challengers Bangalore in the Qualifier where he played a stunning innings to get the game back to Chennai's favor.

Achievements[link]

Test Centuries[link]

Num	Score	Balls	4s	6s	Opponent	Venue	Date	Result
1	120	228	12	2	Sri Lanka	Colombo	2 July 2010	Won

ODI Centuries[link]

Num	Score	Balls	4s	6s	Opponent	Venue	Date	Result
1	101	68	7	5	Hong Kong	Karachi	25 June 2008	Won
2	116*	107	11	3	Bangladesh	Karachi	28 June 2008	Won
3	106	115	10	1	Sri Lanka	Dhaka	13 Jan 2010	Lost

T20I Centuries[link]

Num	Score	Balls	4s	6s	Opponent	Venue	Date	Result
1	101	60	9	5	South Africa	Gros Islet	2 May 2010	Won

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Suresh Raina

• Player profile: Suresh Raina from ESPNcricinfo
• Player profile: Suresh Raina from CricketArchive
• Suresh Kumar Raina on Twitter

v t e India squad – 2006 ICC Champions Trophy 1 Dravid 2 Tendulkar 3 Agarkar 4 Dhoni 5 Harbhajan Singh 6 Kaif 7 Mongia 8 Patel 9 Pathan 10 Powar 11 Raina 12 Sehwag 13 R. P. Singh 14 Sreesanth 15 Yuvraj Singh Coach: G Chappell

v t e India squad – 2009 ICC World Twenty20 3 Harbhajan 7 Dhoni(c) 45 Rohit 12 Yuvraj 84 Jadeja 28 Yusuf 5 Gambhir 30 Ojha 9 R. P. Singh 29 Ishant 48 Raina 46 Sehwag 63 Irfan 34 Zaheer 1 Karthik 8 Praveen Coach: Kirsten

v t e India squad – 2010 ICC World Twenty20 3 Harbhajan 7 Dhoni(c) 45 Rohit 12 Yuvraj 26 Jadeja 28 Yusuf 5 Gambhir 24 Chawla 08 Vijay 64 Nehra 48 Raina 46 Yadav 23 Vinay 34 Zaheer 1 Karthik 8 Praveen Coach: Kirsten Praveen Kumar was injured and replaced by Umesh Yadav halfway through the tournament.

v t e India squad – 2011 Cricket World Cup (2nd Title) 3 Harbhajan 5 Gambhir 7 Dhoni (c & wk) 10 Tendulkar 11 Chawla 12 Yuvraj 13 Munaf 18 Kohli 28 Yusuf 34 Zaheer 36 Sreesanth 44 Sehwag 48 Raina 64 Nehra 66 Ashwin Coach: Kirsten Praveen Kumar was injured and replaced by Sreesanth.

Song In (in hangul 송인, in hanja 宋仁) was a civil official in the mid-Goryeo era who became the intermediary founder of the Jincheon Song clan. His highest post was munha pyeongjangsa (문하 평장사). This was the highest government position in the period. Song In was responsible for administration, judicial affairs and economy in the district.^[1]

As he performed meritorious deeds during the King, he was conferred with Chanhwagongsin and Jincheonbaek. Baek was a position of politicians who were responsible for administration, judicial affairs and economy in the district. As the government created him Jincheonbaek, his family started regarding Jincheon as their origin. Hence, the family origin became Jincheon Song.

When he was in the position of Sangsanbaek, he tried to be just and fair in all the administrative affairs and strived to enhance the welfare of his people. He also focused on education for the youth and courtesy for people, which made his district famous for most excellent behaviors in the nation. After that, the people have long paid tribute to his feats.

During the insurrection of Yi Jagyeom in the 4th year of King Injong of Goryeo's reign in 1126, he was killed by a rebellious band led by Cheok Jun-gyeong while escorting the king. After the rebels were put down, Song In was posthumously named 'meritous subject' and titled Lord Sangsanbaek (상산백).

Song In was born in Durujinmaeul (village), Duchon-ri, Deoksan-myeon in 1125 during the reign of King Injong of the Goryeo Dynasty. He was promoted to Pyeonjangsa, which was the highest government position in the period.

Tomb of Song In[link]

Chungcheongbuk-do Monument No. 91 Location: Duchon-ri, Deoksan-myeon, Jincheon-gun

This is the tomb of Song In (?-1126). It has a rectangular-shaped protective wall surrounding the tomb, typical of the Goryeo style. There are two tombstones erected in the late Joseon Dynasty period.

In the grave area, there are many tombs that belong to the clan. In front of his tomb stands the jaesil (chamber for memorial rites) with the tablet reading 'Sangsanjae'.

His grave is in Duchon-ri, Deoksan-myeon, which had been called Duruji, Sanjeong-myeon. The beautiful peak behind his grave is called Mountain Bibong which was named after Bongsae (bird) that is said to live in heaven and to fly down to sit on the summit. However, after the statue was inscribed of In Gong, the founder of Jincheon Song, the peak was compared to a slowly dropped ume flower. Thus, Mountain Bibong was called Maesanbibong, in which 'Mae' was named after an ume flower instead of a bird.

As he was a meritorious subject and served as a Pyeongjangsa (higher government official), the government ordered his grave mound to be surrounded by stones and a monument. The grave is one of the oldest ones in Jincheon and is recorded in Seokchong (stone tomb) in Hwanyeoseungram.

Thousands of descendents of Jincheon Song are living across the nation. Song Guk-cheom and Song Eon-gi who were devoted to fight against the Mongolian invasion into Goryeo are also the offspring of Jincheonbaek.

See also[link]

• Song (Korean name)
• Bon-gwan

References[link]

External links[link]

• Photo of the tomb
• Song In
• Monument 91, Tomb of Song In
• Jincheon Song bon-gwan information (Korean)
• Jincheon Song bon-gwan website (Korean)
• http://www.jincheon.go.kr/english/sub04/sub0404_01.jsp

This Korean biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

This Korean history-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e