Juara
—  Municipality and town  —
Country	Brazil
Region	Center-West
State	Mato Grosso
Mesoregion	Norte Mato-Grossense
Time zone	UTC -3

Juara is a town and municipality in the state of Mato Grosso in the Central-West Region of Brazil.^[1][2][3][4]

The city is served by Inácio Luís do Nascimento Airport.

See also[link]

• List of municipalities in Mato Grosso

References[link]

v t e Municipalities of Mato Grosso Capital: Cuiabá Centro-Sul Mato-Grossense Alto Pantanal Barão de Melgaço Cáceres Curvelândia Poconé Alto Paraguai Alto Paraguai Arenápolis Nortelândia Nova Marilândia Santo Afonso Cuiabá Chapada dos Guimarães Cuiabá Nossa Senhora do Livramento Santo Antônio do Leverger Várzea Grande Rosario Oeste Acorizal Jangada Rosário Oeste Nordeste Mato-Grossense Canarana Água Boa Campinápolis Canarana Nova Nazaré Nova Xavantina Novo São Joaquim Querência Santo Antônio do Leste Medio Araguaia Araguaiana Barra do Garças Cocalinho Norte Araguaia Alto Boa Vista Bom Jesus do Araguaia Canabrava do Norte Confresa Luciára Novo Santo Antônio Porto Alegre do Norte Ribeirão Cascalheira Santa Cruz do Xingu Santa Terezinha São Félix do Araguaia São José do Xingu Serra Nova Dourada Vila Rica Norte Mato-Grossense Alta Floresta Alta Floresta Apiacás Carlinda Nova Bandeirantes Nova Monte Verde Paranaíta Alto Teles Pires Ipiranga do Norte Itanhangá Lucas do Rio Verde Nobres Nova Mutum Nova Ubiratã Santa Rita do Trivelato Sorriso Tapurah Arinos Juara Nova Maringá Novo Horizonte do Norte Porto dos Gaúchos São José do Rio Claro Tabaporã Aripuanã Aripuanã Brasnorte Castanheira Colniza Cotriguaçu Juína Juruena Rondolândia Colíder Colíder Guaranta do Norte Matupá Nova Canaã do Norte Nova Guarita Novo Mundo Peixoto de Azevedo Terra Nova do Norte Paranatinga Gaúcha do Norte Nova Brasilândia Paranatinga Planalto da Serra Parecis Comodoro Campo Novo do Parecis Campos de Júlio Diamantino Sapezal Sinop Cláudia Feliz Natal Itaúba Marcelândia Nova Santa Helena Santa Carmem Sinop União do Sul Vera Sudeste Mato-Grossense Alto Araguaia Alto Araguaia Alto Garças Alto Taquari Primavera do Leste Campo Verde Primavera do Leste Rondonópolis Dom Aquino Itiquira Jaciara Juscimeira Pedra Preta Rondonópolis São José do Povo São Pedro da Cipa Tesouro Araguainha General Carneiro Guiratinga Pontal do Araguaia Ponte Branca Poxoréo Ribeirãozinho Tesouro Torixoréu Sudoeste Mato-Grossense Alto Guapore Conquista d'Oeste Nova Lacerda Pontes e Lacerda Vale de São Domingos Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade Jauru Araputanga Figueirópolis d'Oeste Glória d'Oeste Indiavaí Jauru Lambari d'Oeste Mirassol d'Oeste Porto Esperidião Reserva do Cabaçal Rio Branco Salto do Céu São José dos Quatro Marcos Tangará da Serra Barra do Bugres Denise Nova Olímpia Porto Estrela Tangará da Serra

This Mato Grosso, Brazil location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

Coordinates: 11°15′18″S 57°31′12″W / 11.255°S 57.52°W / -11.255; -57.52

A bronze mural of Hang Tuah with Ta' Melayu Hilang Di-Dunia written at the top. Exhibited at the National History Museum, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Hang Tuah (Jawi:هڠ تواه) is the legendary Malay warrior who lived during the reign of Sultan Mansur Shah of the Sultanate of Malacca in the 15th century.^[1][2] He was the greatest of all the laksamana, or sultan's admirals, and was known to be a ferocious fighter. Hang Tuah is held in the highest regard, even in present-day Malaysian Malay culture, and is arguably the most well-known and illustrious warrior figure in Malaysian history and literature.

Hang Tuah's Career[link]

Hang Tuah's illustrious career as an admiral or laksamana includes tales of his absolute and unfaltering loyalty to his Sultan, some of which are chronicled in Sejarah Melayu (the semi-historical Malay Annals)^[3] and Hikayat Hang Tuah (a romantic collection of tales involving Hang Tuah).

Hang Tuah became the Sultan's constant aide, accompanying the King on official visits to foreign countries. On one such visit to Majapahit, Taming Sari, a famous Majapahit warrior, challenged Hang Tuah to a duel. After a brutal fight, Hang Tuah emerged as winner and the ruler of Majapahit bestowed upon him Taming Sari’s kris or weapon. The Taming Sari kris was named after its original owner, and was purported to be magical, empowering its owner with invincibility. It is said to be the source of Hang Tuah’s alleged supernatural abilities.

Hang Tuah also acted as the Sultan's ambassador, travelling on his Sultan's behalf to allied countries. Another story concerning Hang Tuah's legendary loyalty to the Sultan is found in the Hikayat Hang Tuah, and involves his visit to Inderaputra or Pahang during one such voyage. The Sultan sent Hang Tuah to Pahang with the task of persuading the princess Tun Teja, who was already engaged, to become the Sultan's companion. Tun Teja fell under the impression that Hang Tuah had come to persuade her to marry him, not the Sultan, and agreed to elope with him to Melaka. It was only during the voyage home that Hang Tuah revealed his deception to Tun Teja.

The Hikayat Hang Tuah and Sejarah Melayu each carry different accounts of this incident, however. The Hikayat records that it was Hang Tuah who persuaded Tun Teja to elope with him, thus deceiving her. Sejarah Melayu, however, claims that it was another warrior, Hang Nadim, who deceived Tun Teja.

Perhaps the most famous story in which Hang Tuah is involved is his fight with his closest childhood companion, Hang Jebat. Hang Tuah's deep loyalty to and popularity with the Sultan led to rumours being circulated that Hang Tuah was having an illicit affair with one of the Sultan's stewardess dayang. The Sultan sentenced Hang Tuah to death without trial for the alleged offense. The death sentence was never carried out, however, because Hang Tuah's executioner, the Bendahara, went against the Sultan’s orders and hid Hang Tuah in a remote region of Melaka.

Believing that Hang Tuah was dead, murdered unjustly by the Sultan he served, Hang Jebat avenged his friend's death. Hang Jebat's revenge allegedly became a palace killing spree or furious rebellion against the Sultan (sources differ as to what actually occurred). It remains consistent, however, that Hang Jebat wreaked havoc onto the royal court, and the Sultan was unable to stop him, as none of the Sultan's warriors dared to challenge the more ferocious and skilled Hang Jebat. The Bendahara then informed the Sultan that the only man able to stop Hang Jebat, Hang Tuah, was still alive. The Bendahara recalled Hang Tuah from his hiding place and the warrior was given full amnesty by the Sultan and instructed to kill Hang Jebat. After seven gruelling days of fighting, Hang Tuah was able to kill Hang Jebat.

It is notable that the two main sources of Hang Tuah's life differ yet again on the details of his life. According the Hikayat Hang Tuah, it was Hang Jebat who avenged his friend's death, only to be killed by the same friend, but according to Sejarah Melayu, it was Hang Kasturi. The Sejarah Melayu or the Malay Annals are unique in that they constitute the only available account of the history of the Malay Sultanate in the fifteenth and early sixteenth century,^[4] but the Hang Jebat story, as the more romantic tale, remains more popular.

Hang Tuah continued to serve Malacca after the death of Hang Jebat. Later in his life, as Hang Tuah progressed in his years, the warrior was ordered by the successive Malaccan Sultan to court a legendary princess on the Sultan's behalf. The Puteri Gunung Ledang (Princess of Mount Ledang) was so named because she resided on Mount Ledang at the Melaka-Johor border. According to legend, the Princess met with Hang Tuah, and only agreed to marry the Sultan if he satisfied a list of requirements, or pre-wedding gifts. The list included a golden bridge linking Melaka with the top of Gunung Ledang, seven trays of mosquito livers, seven jars of virgins' tears and a bowl of the Sultan's first born son's blood. Hang Tuah knew the tasks would not be fulfilled, and was said to be so overwhelmed that he failed his Sultan that he flung his kris into a river and vowed only to return to Melaka if it resurfaced, which it never did. It was also said that he then vanished into thin air. According to other sources, however, Hang Tuah lived until old age, and his body is said to be have been buried in Tanjung Kling in Melaka, where his tomb can still be seen today.

Hang Tuah the Legend[link]

Hang Tuah is famous for quoting the words "Takkan Melayu Hilang di Dunia" which literally means "Malays will never vanish from the face of the earth" or "Never shall the Malay(s) (race) vanish from the face of the earth". The quote is a famous rallying cry for Malay nationalism.^[5][6]

He remains an extremely popular Malay legend, embodying the values of Malay culture at the time, when allegiance and loyalty were paramount above all else. Although its historical accuracy remains disputable, the legend of the tragic friendship between Hang Tuah and Hang Jebat represents a paradox in the Malay psyche about loyalty and justice, and remains a point of debate among students of Malay history and literature.^{[citation needed]}

Hang Tuah in Media[link]

Hang Tuah is a prominent legendary figure in Malaysia's popular culture and his story has been adapted into several movies. The more famous of these movies include Hang Tuah, starring the late P. Ramlee in the titular role, and Puteri Gunung Ledang, which starred M. Nasir as Hang Tuah. In 1995, XX Ray 2, a film by Aziz M. Osman was made and tells about modern scientists were sent back in Hang Tuah's era. In the film, Hang Tuah (played by Jalaluddin Hassan) got the quote Takkan Melayu Hilang Di Dunia from one of the scientists from future (played by Aziz M. Osman).TUAH film, which starred (Jamal Abdillah)

Places and things named after Hang Tuah[link]

In Malaysia[link]

• Four roads in Malaysia are named after Hang Tuah: Jalan Hang Tuah in Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Malacca, and in Taman Khalidi Bharu, Muar, Johor
• The Royal Malaysian Navy has a frigate named KD Hang Tuah.
• A strip along Jalan Hang Tuah has been renamed Hang Tuah Mall and popularised as a tourist attraction.

In Indonesia[link]

• Streets : Jalan Hang Tuah in Padang, Palembang, Medan, Pekanbaru, Sanur, and Jakarta
• University of Hang Tuah in Surabaya, Indonesia^[7]
• The Indonesian Navy also has a frigate named KRI Hang Tuah.

Further reading[link]

• Richard O. Winstedt, A History of Malaya.

See also[link]

• Malay folklore
• Hang Jebat
• Hikayat Hang Tuah
• Legend of Puteri Gunung Ledang
• Puteri Gunung Ledang (film)
• Puteri Gunong Ledang (film)
• Puteri Gunung Ledang (musical)

References[link]

Dani Pedrosa
Pedrosa at the 2007 Australian Grand Prix
Nationality	Spanish
Born	(1985-09-29) September 29, 1985 (age 26) Sabadell, Spain
Current team	Repsol Honda Team
Bike number	26
Website	danipedrosa.com
Motorcycle racing career statistics MotoGP World Championship Active years 2006–present Manufacturers Honda Championships 0 2011 Championship position 4th (219 pts) Starts Wins Podiums Poles F. laps Points 102 15 59 20 26 1469 250cc World Championship Active years 2004–2005 Manufacturers Honda Championships 2 (2004, 2005) Starts Wins Podiums Poles F. laps Points 32 15 24 9 15 626 125cc World Championship Active years 2001–2003 Manufacturers Honda Championships 1 (2003) Starts Wins Podiums Poles F. laps Points 46 8 17 9 5 566

Daniel "Dani" Pedrosa Ramal (born 29 September 1985 in Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain) is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer. Pedrosa grew up in a village near Sabadell called Castellar del Vallès. He is the youngest world champion in 250cc Grands Prix. Pedrosa is 1.58m (5 ft 2in) tall and weighs 51 kg (112.4 lbs).

Career[link]

Early days[link]

Dani Pedrosa started riding bikes at the early age of four, when he got his first motorcycle, an Italjet 50, which had side-wheels. His first racing bike was a minibike replica of Kawasaki, which he got at the age of six and which he used to race with his friends. Pedrosa experienced real racing at the age of 9, when he entered the Spanish Minibike Championship and ended his debut season in second place, scoring his first podium finish in the second race of the season. The next year, Pedrosa entered the same championship, but health problems prevented him from improving his results and he ended that season in 3rd position.

125cc[link]

In 2001, Pedrosa made his World Championship debut in the 125cc class after being selected from the Movistar Activa Cup, a series designed to promote fresh racing talent in Spain, back in 1999. Under the guidance of Alberto Puig, Pedrosa scored two podium finishes in the first season and won his first race the following year, when he finished third in the championship. In 2003, he won five races and won the championship with two rounds remaining, scoring 223 points. In his first championship winning year, Pedrosa scored five victories and six podium finishes. A week after winning the championship, eighteen-year-old Pedrosa broke both of his ankles in a crash during practice at Phillip Island (Australia), ending his season.

250cc[link]

After winning the 125cc Championship, Pedrosa moved up to the 250cc class in 2004 without a proper test on the new bike because his ankles were healing during the off-season. Going into the season unprepared, Pedrosa won the first race in South Africa and went on to clinch the 250cc World Championship title, including rookie of the year honours. In his first season in 250cc class, Pedrosa scored 7 victories and 13 podium finishes. Pedrosa decided to stay for one more season in 250cc class, and he won another title, once again with two races remaining in championship. In 2005, Pedrosa won 8 races and scored 14 podium finishes, despite a shoulder injury he sustained in practice session for Japanese Grand Prix.

MotoGP[link]

Pedrosa on board the Repsol Honda RC211V at the 2006 Australian Grand Prix.

2006

Pedrosa made the move to 990cc MotoGP bikes in 2006, riding for Repsol Honda. Critics said that Pedrosa's tiny stature wasn't strong enough to handle a big, heavy MotoGP bike and successfully race in the premier class. Proving them wrong, he finished second in the opening round at Jerez on March 26, 2006. At his fourth ever MotoGP appearance, on May 14, 2006, during the Chinese Grand Prix race weekend held in Shanghai, he won his first MotoGP race. This win made him the exact equal 2nd youngest winner (tied with the late Norick Abe) in the Premier Class^[1] behind Freddie Spencer. He won his second MotoGP race at Donington Park and became a strong candidate for the MotoGP Championship. It was a memorable victory for Dani, who shared the podium first time with Valentino Rossi in 2nd place. He also took two pole positions in the first half of the season. Until the Malaysian Grand Prix at Sepang, Pedrosa was 2nd in the Championship only behind his more experienced team-mate Nicky Hayden. However, he fell heavily during Free Practice and suffered a severe gash to the knee, which practically rendered him immobile. Pedrosa qualified 5th on the grid in that race due to the cancellation of the qualifying session proper due to heavy rainfall. He miraculously managed to finish 3rd in that race, only behind Rossi and Ducati rider Loris Capirossi.

However, in the next races, his form dropped and he struggled with the bike, moving him down to 5th place in the MotoGP standings. His poor performance continued at Estoril. After a promising start, he briefly ran 2nd before being passed by Colin Edwards and then championship leader and teammate Nicky Hayden. On lap 5, he and Hayden were involved in a crash. Pedrosa made a mistake whilst trying to overtake Hayden, slid and crashed out of the race, taking out Hayden on the way. This crash ended his slim chances of winning the championship and also caused Hayden to lose his lead in the championship standings, as Rossi managed to finish 2nd. However, two weeks later, Hayden recovered to win the championship while Pedrosa managed to finish in 4th place. This result clinched his 5th place in overall standings in his debut season, thus taking the title as Rookie of the Year in MotoGP category, beating fellow rookie and former rival in 250 cc Casey Stoner. At the final (post 2006 season) three day test of 2006 at Jerez Spain, Pedrosa put his 800 cc RC212V at the top of the timesheets (on qualifying tyres) edging out Valentino Rossi by 0.214 seconds. Rossi had been fastest for the first two days of the test. Pedrosa set a time of 1min 39.910 sec around the circuit.

2007–2008

Pedrosa during pre-season testing for the 2007 season.

Pedrosa continued to race with Honda in 2007 on their Honda RC212V, the new 800 cc bike. The machine had problems,^[2] and Pedrosa was taken out of races by Olivier Jacque and by Randy de Puniet, but he finished the season in second place behind Stoner and ahead of Rossi. He signed a 2-year contract with Repsol Honda for 2008 and 2009.^[3] In 2008 Pedrosa's problems with the RC212V continued when he was injured in the pre-season and missed developmental testing, but started the season well by scoring a podium at the first round.^[4] While leading the race and the standings in the German round, he crashed and was injured, keeping him from racing in the following two rounds. Michelin's performance in MotoGP deteriorated, resulting in Pedrosa switching to Bridgestone at the Indianapolis round.^[5][6] He finished third in the standings in 2008.

2009–2010

As in 2008, Pedrosa crashed in the 2009 pre-season and injured himself, keeping him from testing the machine before the start of the season. He placed 11th in the first round, but recovered his fitness in the following rounds.^[7] At the fifth round he injured himself again in practice and then fell during the race, putting him 33 points behind the leader.^[8] For 2010, Pedrosa reverted to number 26—a number he used when he first entered MotoGP—from number 2 in 2008 and number 3 in 2009. He took this decision to please his fans who had asked him to return to the number he had always used.^[9] Pedrosa won four races in 2010 and finished second in the championship standings behind Jorge Lorenzo.

2011

Pedrosa at the Portuguese Grand Prix, where he took his first win of the season.

Pedrosa remained with an expanded three-rider Repsol Honda team in 2011, partnering Andrea Dovizioso and Casey Stoner.^[10] Pedrosa took podium placings in the opening three races of the season, culminating in a victory at the Portuguese Grand Prix in May.^[11] On lap 18 of the following race in France, Pedrosa was involved in an incident with Gresini Racing's Marco Simoncelli while fighting over second place in the race; Simoncelli passed Pedrosa on the outside line into the Chemin aux Boeufs, but pulled in front of Pedrosa and as a result, Pedrosa clipped Simoncelli's rear wheel and fell to the ground.^[12] Simoncelli was given a ride-through penalty, while the fall left Pedrosa with a broken collarbone,^[13] which ruled him out until July's Italian Grand Prix, where he finished in eighth place.

Pedrosa claimed his second victory of the season at the German Grand Prix, after taking advantage of an error by Lorenzo with nine laps left in the race.^[14] He finished third at Laguna Seca the following weekend, before taking his first pole position of the season at the Czech Grand Prix.^[15] He crashed out during the race, but finished the next three races in second place, before winning his third race of the season – and the 400th race win by a Spanish rider^[16] – in Japan, where his title chances in 2010 had ended; and moved within one point of team-mate Dovizioso for third place in the championship.^[17] Dovizioso finished ahead of Pedrosa in both Australia and Valencia, while the Malaysian race, in which Pedrosa had qualified on pole for,^[18] was cancelled due to the death of Simoncelli in the first attempt to run the race.^[19]

Injuries[link]

• 2003 Australian motorcycle Grand Prix (125cc) Double fracture in the talus bone of the left foot and a fracture of the right ankle.
• 2005 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix (250cc) Fracture of the left humeral head that affected the supraspinal tendon.
• 2006 Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix (MotoGP) Small fracture of the small left toe and loss of cutaneous matter on the right knee. 5 stitches in that vertical cut.
• 2007 Turkish motorcycle Grand Prix (MotoGP) Thoracic trauma, blow to the left gluteus and neck trauma.
• 2007 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix (MotoGP) Post-traumatic arthritis with inflammation to the small toe of the left foot.
• 2008 Sepang test 2008 (MotoGP) Fracture of the second metacarpal in the right hand, with three diaphyseal fragments, which are the bones that are found in the middle part of the metacarpus.
• 2008 German motorcycle Grand Prix (MotoGP) General inflammation of the left hand with hematomas in the veins of the extensor tendons. Displaced fracture of the distal phalanx of the left index finger. A sprain of the interphalangeal articulation next to the left middle finger. Fracture of the large bone of the left wrist. Sprain of the lateral external ligament of the right ankle.
• 2008 Australian motorcycle Grand Prix (MotoGP) Capsular hematoma on the left knee that had to be treated two months after.
• 2009 Qatar test (MotoGP) Fracture of the radius of the left arm and contusion on the left knee that required a skin graft, because the scar re-opened from an operation before Christmas.
• 2009 Italian motorcycle Grand Prix (MotoGP) Incomplete fracture of the greater trochanter of the right femur. A fracture without displacement, an injury that requires absolute rest and treatment with painkillers.^[20]
• 2009 December (MotoGP) Underwent an operation to remove a screw from his left wrist.^[21]
• 2010 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix (MotoGP) Four-fragment chip fracture of the left collarbone and a Grade 1 ankle sprain.^[22]
• 2011 French motorcycle Grand Prix (MotoGP) Fractured right collarbone.^[23]

Career statistics[link]

By Seasons[link]

• * Season in progress.

By class[link]

Races by year[link]

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position)

• * Season in progress.

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Daniel Pedrosa

• danipedrosa.com Official website
• El Blog de Dani Pedrosa Pedrosa's Monday blog
• Dani Pedrosa Profile at the official MotoGP website

v t e Repsol Honda Team Casey Stoner (1) • Dani Pedrosa (26) Grand Prix motorcycle : Honda RC212V