A tin of Royal Crown Hair Dressing

Pomade (English pronunciation: /pɒˈmeɪd/; also regionally pronounced in the same way as the French word, pommade) is a greasy or waxy substance that is used to style hair. Pomade makes hair look slick and shiny. Unlike hair spray and hair gel, pomade does not dry and often takes several washes to remove. It can easily be removed using a high-detergent shampoo or other de-greasers such as dishwashing liquid and or using olive oil and rinsing with warm water.

Difference between hair wax and pomade[link]

Traditionally, the difference between hair wax and pomade was that pomade gave the hair a slicker, shinier appearance, while wax did not. Today the difference between pomade and hair wax is becoming somewhat ambiguous. Oftentimes hair wax and pomade are not marketed by those names, instead given names such as paste, putty, glue, whip etc. These products come in various textures and consistencies, and essentially achieve the same effects as either hair wax or pomade.

Origin of the name[link]

Use of "pomade" in English is derived from French, pommade, meaning "an ointment", itself arising from Latin pomum ("fruit, apple") via Italian pomata from pomo, meaning "apple", because the original ointment recipe contained mashed apples.^[1] Modern pomades may contain fragrances, but they are not often particularly fruity.

History[link]

In the early 19th century bear fat was a common pomade ingredient,^[2] but by the early 20th century petroleum jelly,^[3] beeswax, and lard were more commonly used.^[4]

Pomades were once much more popular than they are today, although they have made somewhat of a comeback in 2010 with recent additions to the marketplace that feature far less lanolin or bees wax in their formulations. They are associated with the slick men's hairstyles of the early to middle 20th century. Other more modern hairstyles involving the use of pomade include the Ducktail, Pompadour, and Quiff.

Early 20th century examples of pomade are Royal Crown Hair Dressing, originating in 1936 pictured above, or "Murray's Superior Pomade", originating in the 1920s ^[5] pictured right. Dixie Peach Hair Pomade was a popular pomade in the USA from World War II through the 1960s with teenage boys.

See also[link]

• Brilliantine
• Brylcreem
• Hair wax
• Moustache wax
• Ultra Sheen

References[link]

External links[link]

Look up pomade in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Pomade Acne
•  Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Pomade". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 
• Appropriate Styling Aides

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"Dapper" Danny Hogan (ca. 1880 - December 4, 1928) was a charismatic underworld figure and boss of Saint Paul, Minnesota's Irish Mob during Prohibition. Due to his close relationships with the officers of the deeply corrupt St. Paul Police Department, Hogan was able to act as a go between, overseeing the notorious O'Connor System.^{[1][citation needed]}

Known as the "Smiling Peacemaker" to local police officials, Police Chief John "The Big Fellow" O'Connor of Saint Paul allowed criminals and fugitives to operate in the city as long as they checked in with police, paid a small bribe and promised not to kill, kidnap, or rob within city limits.^{[citation needed]}

Arrival in Saint Paul[link]

Around 1909, he permanently settled in Saint Paul, and turned to organizing major crimes from the sanctuary of the city. He became so closely connected to Saint Paul's political machine that the police not only feared him, but actively protected his associates. The Federal Department of Justice made repeated attempts to prosecute him, but failed to incarcerate him.

Hogan was described by the Justice Department as "one of the most resourceful and keenest criminals" in the nation. He acted as an "ambassador" for Chief O'Connor and the visiting mobsters. Hogan himself owned the Green Lantern saloon on Wabasha Street in Saint Paul, which was also an illegal gambling casino, and became a speakeasy during Prohibition. Hogan was involved in planning armed robberies in the towns surrounding the Twin Cities, and also in money laundering and casino gambling in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul area.

Gangland murder[link]

On December 4, 1928, Dapper Dan got behind the wheel of his Paige coupe and turned on the ignition. A bomb located beneath the floorboards detonated and blew off his right leg. He slipped into a coma at the hospital and died nine hours after the blast. He was given a funeral worthy of Prohibition-era Chicago and was buried in Calvary Cemetery. His widow, Leila Hogan, was heard to say, "I am sure there will be justice. If Danny had lived, he would have gone on the one leg they left him and taken care of it himself."^[2]

Hogan's death was especially notable because it was one of the first instances of death by a car bomb. The most likely culprits in his assassination were rival mob figures.

Although the murder is still considered unsolved, recently declassified FBI files reveal that the most likely person responsible was Harry Sawyer, Hogan's underboss.^{[citation needed]} Sawyer was a gangster known as "Harry Dutch".

According to the FBI files, Sawyer felt that Hogan had cheated him out of his cut from a nearby casino. In addition, Sawyer also resented the fact that Hogan never repaid the $25,000 which Sawyer had contributed to bail Hogan out of prison in 1924. Hogan's death marked the end of an era in Twin Cities crime.

References[link]

• Maccabee, Paul. John Dillinger Slept Here. Saint Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1995.

External links[link]

• StarTribune.com "Saint Paul gang figure slain"
• "Gangster Saint Paul: Where to Find Dillinger's Hideout and Ma Barker's Boys"