Delta Kappa Epsilon (ΔΚΕ; also pronounced D-K-E or "Deke") is a fraternity founded at Yale College in 1844 by 15 men of the sophomore class part of whom hadn't been invited to join the two existing societies (Alpha Delta Phi and Psi Upsilon) among others who had been invited to join. They therefore formed their own fraternity to establish a fellowship "where the candidate most favored was he who combined in the most equal proportions the gentleman, the scholar, and the jolly good fellow."

Founding[link]

The fraternity was founded June 22, 1844,^[1] in room number 12 Old South Hall, Yale College, New Haven, Connecticut. At this meeting, the Fraternity's secret and open Greek mottos were devised, as were the pin and secret handshake. The open motto is "Kerothen Philoi Aei" ("Friends from the Heart, Forever").

The fifteen founders were^[2]: William Woodruff Atwater, Dr. Edward Griffin Bartlett, Frederic Peter Bellinger, Jr., Henry Case, Colonel George Foote Chester, John Butler Conyngham, Thomas Isaac Franklin, William Walter Horton, The Honorable William Boyd Jacobs, Professor Edward VanSchoonhoven Kinsley, Chester Newell Righter, Dr. Elisha Bacon Shapleigh, Thomas DuBois Sherwood, Albert Everett Stetson, and Orson William Stow. This first Chapter was denoted Phi chapter.

The Objects of Delta Kappa Epsilon are:

The Cultivation of General Literature and Social Culture, the Advancement and Encouragement of Intellectual Excellence, the Promotion of Honorable Friendship and Useful Citizenship, the Development of a Spirit of Tolerance and Respect for the Rights and Views of Others, the Maintenance of Gentlemanly Dignity, Self-Respect, and Morality in All Circumstances, and the Union of Stout Hearts and Kindred Interests to Secure to Merit its Due Reward.^[3]

Delta Kappa Epsilon administers a charitable organization called the Rampant Lion Foundation. DKE also has championed an organization call Restore Our Associational Rights ("ROAR") which campaigns for the freedom of fraternities and Greek organizations in general to operate without interference and discrimination from university administrations or others.

The pin of Delta Kappa Epsilon shows the Greek letters ΔΚΕ on a white scroll upon a black diamond with gold rope trim and a star in each corner. DKE's heraldic colours are azure (blue), or (gold), and gules (crimson). Its flag is a triband of those colours with a left-facing rampant lion in the middle.

Chapters[link]

Within three years of the founding at Yale, chapters were founded at Bowdoin, Princeton University, Colby College, and Amherst College. DKE has grown to over 51 chapters and has initiated over 85,000 members across North America.

Traditionally an Eastern Seaboard fraternity, DKE's Yale chapter had an early reputation as a Southerner's fraternity. Two of the original founders were from the South and 13 out of 38 members of 1845 and 1846 were from the South. DKE's first chapter in the South was Gamma chapter founded in 1847 (Vanderbilt University) followed by Psi chapter at the University of Alabama in the same year.

Delta Kappa Epsilon's first West Coast chapter was founded at the University of California, Berkeley on Halloween night, 1876. The DKE chapter at Colgate University (Hamilton, NY) is one of the only DKE chapters having a Temple building, one which only can be entered by Mu DKE members. The Lambda Chapter at Kenyon College in 1854 built the first fraternity lodge in America. The DKE Club of New York was founded in 1885 and is currently in residence at the Yale Club of New York City.^[4] Delta Kappa Epsilon became an international fraternity with the addition of the Alpha Phi chapter in 1898 at the University of Toronto, Canada. The newest Colony is currently at Auburn University where it is likely to become the newest Chapter of the National Fraternity. This will be the third chapter in Alabama behind the chapters of both The University of Alabama and Troy University. Auburn University

As of May 2012, Delta Kappa Epsilon has eight colonies at St Joseph's College (Long Island), Manhattan College, North Carolina State University, Auburn University, University of North Carolina Wilmington, University of Florida, Oklahoma State University and Hampden Sydney College.

Notable members[link]

DKE members have included five of forty-four Presidents of the United States: Rutherford B. Hayes, Theodore Roosevelt, Gerald Ford, George H. W. Bush, and George W. Bush. Vice President of the United States, Dan Quayle, became a DKE brother at DePauw University. Franklin D. Roosevelt was a member of the Alpha Chapter of DKE at Harvard and would be considered the sixth DKE brother to serve as President of the United States; however, the Harvard chapter was de-recognized by DKE International due to the chapter's stance on dual membership with other fraternities.

In the election of 1876, the Republican Party chose between two DKE members, nominating Hayes rather than rival and fellow DKE James G. Blaine. Blaine also ran unsuccessfully for President.

Many American and Canadian politicians, businessmen, sports figures, and artists have been members, including Herb Kelleher, J.P. Morgan, Jr., William Randolph Hearst, Cole Porter, Henry Cabot Lodge, Dick Clark, Tom Landry, and George Steinbrenner. DKE flags were carried to the North Pole by its discoverer, Admiral Robert Peary and to the Moon by astronaut Alan Bean.

During the Civil War, the first Union officer killed in battle was DKE member Theodore Winthrop of Phi. During the Spanish-American War, the first American officer to be killed was a DKE member, Surgeon John B. Gibbs (Rutgers). DKE member J. Frank Aldritch (DePauw University) died when the USS Maine was sunk.

Yung Wing, the first Chinese graduated from an American university in 1854, was a member of the Phi chapter of DKE. Later, his citizenship was revoked and he was denied reentry to the United States by the government of Theodore Roosevelt, another member of DKE.

Purpose of Chapters[link]

One of Delta Kappa Epsilon's focuses within each Chapter is on community service in addition to the social aspect that goes along with most social Greek fraternities.

Each Chapter competes for a number of awards that includes leadership, chapter improvements, and community service.^[5] Each of these areas is used in awarding the overall award called the Lions Trophy.

The 2011 Lions Trophy Win was the Delta Kappa Epsilon chapter at the University of Alabama.^[6] This chapter (Psi) won this award in the wake of doing a food drive to help give relief to the Tuscaloosa community affected by a Tornado.^[7]

Controversy[link]

In 1967 the New York Times reported on "frat-branding" - the alleged use of a hot branding iron to make a "D" shaped scar on new fraternity members. The fraternity's then president George W. Bush stated that they were "only cigarette burns."^[8]

In 1989 Colgate University banned all DKE activities after the officials found members guilty of hazing, blackballing and other violations of university regulations.^[9] In 2005 Colgate University barred DKE from campus for refusing to sell its house to the school and join a new student-residence initiative. DKE filed a lawsuit charging that the school violated its right to free association as well as antitrust laws by monopolizing the student housing market.^[10] In 2006 the Supreme Court of Madison County found that the fraternity had failed to state a cause of action and that its claim was "time-barred."^[11][12]

In 2007 a black student accused members of the DKE fraternity at the University of Mississippi of making racial slurs. The school suspended the chapter for hosting an unauthorized party, assault and disorderly conduct.^[13][14]

In 2010 the University of Minnesota's Interfraternity Council banned DKE from homecoming and other Greek-related events for four years based on a report of sexual misconduct by a party-goer.^[15]

In October 2010, Yale's DKE chapter came under fire after its members shouted inflammatory and misogynistic chants at an Old Campus pledge ritual.^[16] The chapter's president apologized for the fraternity's conduct,^[17] but Yale's feminist magazine "Broad Recognition" called for administrative action against the leadership of DKE. As of October 24, 2010, Dean Mary Miller of Yale College has strongly recommended to the DKE National Executive Director, Dr. Douglas Lanpher, that the chapter at Yale be put on probation indefinitely.^[18] On May 17, 2011, the chapter was put on suspension for five years.^[19] The order bars DKE from conducting any activities on the Yale campus during that time.^[20]

In January 2011, the DKE chapter at the University of Alberta had its student group status suspended for five years due to hazing activity. [4]

See also[link]

• List of Delta Kappa Epsilon brothers
• List of Delta Kappa Epsilon chapters

References[link]

1. ^ http://dke.org/site/history/the_founding_of_dke.php
2. ^ http://dke.org/site/history/the_founders_of_dke.php
3. ^ http://dke.org/site/about_dke/objects.php
4. ^ DKE Club of New York home page.
5. ^ [1]
6. ^ [2]
7. ^ [3]
8. ^ Maureen Dowd, Liberties; President Frat Boy?, New York Times, April 10, 1999
9. ^ Fraternity at Colgate closed for school year, Schenectady Gazette, July 27, 1989.
10. ^ Alex Kingsbury, Say It Ain't So: Frats Gone Mild, US News and World Report, November 20, 2005.
11. ^ Whose House? Colgate's House, Inside Higher Ed, March 8, 2006/
12. ^ Delta Kappa Epsilon Alumni Corp. v Colgate University, 2006 court decision.
13. ^ Ole Miss frat suspended in racial incident, United Press International, September 15, 2007
14. ^ Oliver Staley, Miss Burnishes Image as Obama Debate Trumps Riot, Bloomberg L.P., September 19, 2008
15. ^ Chris Williams, Third assault sparks alcohol ban at U of M frats, LaCrosse Tribune, October 4, 2010
16. ^ Amanda Raus, Offensive Chants Get Frat Boys in Trouble, NBC News Connecticut, October 15, 2010
17. ^ Jordi Gasso, Sam Greenberg, DKE apologizes for pledge chants, Yale Daily News, October 15, 2010.
18. ^ Hannah Zeavin, The Last Straw: DKE Sponsors Hate Speech on Yale’s Old Campus, Broad Recognition magazine, Octo­ber 14, 2010
19. ^ Barbara Goldberg, Ros Krasny and Tim Gaynor, Yale punishes fraternity for sexist chanting, Reuters, May 17, 2011
20. ^ Yale suspends fraternity for raunchy chants, CNN, May 19, 2011

• "A Century and a Half of DKE" The Illustrated History of Delta Kappa Epsilon. Copyright 1997. Edited by Duncan Andrews (Rho, 1957), Published by Heritage Publishers, Inc ISBN 0-929690-33-8 Libray of Congress Number 97-70228 Book information accessible online at [5]

External links[link]

• DKE Organization Home Page including DKE history
• The DKE Club of New York
• GoDeke.org Dekes in the News

Kappa Epsilon (KΕ) is a professional pharmacy fraternity founded by Zada M. Cooper on May 13, 1921. It was founded with the purpose of uniting female pharmacy students in an era when women were a minority in the profession. Today, KE has 38 collegiate chapters and 10 alumni chapters. Over 20,000 women and men have been initiated into KE since its founding.^[1]

Kappa Epsilon's National Project is the promotion of breast cancer awareness. Many KE chapters participate in the Race for the Cure or Relay For Life. KE chapters are also encouraged to promote awareness of other women's health issues such as osteoporosis. KE's recently added the Pharmacy Career Opportunity Recruitment Project (Pharm-CORP) to their National Project. Pharm-CORP works to introduce pharmacy careers to middle and high school aged students and encourages them to excel in math and the sciences.

Kappa Epsilon sponsors one scholarship and one fellowship. The Zada Cooper Scholarship, named for the fraternity's founder, is given to six students every year. The Nellie Wakeman Fellowship is given to a member in his/her last year of pharmacy school who wishes to pursue graduate study. For both awards, the recipient must be a fraternity member in good standing.

Every two years, the fraternity holds a convention where national officers are elected and collegiate and alumni members can network. The next convention will be held August 5-9, 2009, in Indianapolis, IN.

The official colors of Kappa Epsilon are only Red and White.

References[link]

1. ^ KappaEpsilon.org

External links[link]

• KappaEpsilon.org
• University of Arizona chapter website
• University of Nebraska chapter website

Kenneth Claiborne Royall
56th United States Secretary of War
In office July 19, 1947 – September 18, 1947
President	Harry S. Truman
Preceded by	Robert P. Patterson
Succeeded by	None
1st United States Secretary of the Army
In office September 18, 1947 – April 27, 1949
President	Harry S. Truman
Preceded by	none
Succeeded by	Gordon Gray
Personal details
Born	July 24, 1894 Goldsboro, North Carolina
Died	May 25, 1971 (age 76) Durham, North Carolina
Alma mater	University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Harvard Law School
Military service
Service/branch	United States Army
Years of service	1917–1921, 1942–1945
Rank	Brigadier General
Battles/wars	World War I World War II

Kenneth Claiborne Royall (July 24, 1894 – May 25, 1971) was a United States Army general and the last person to hold the office of Secretary of War. That position was abolished in 1947, and Royall served as the first Secretary of the Army (a successory position) from 1947 to 1949.

Life and career[link]

A native of Goldsboro, North Carolina, Royall graduated from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where he was a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity, and Harvard Law School before serving in World War I. He then practiced law and was elected to the North Carolina Senate. At the beginning of World War II, he became a colonel in the U.S. Army.

According to a 2006 newspaper column by Jack Betts, "When eight Nazis bent on mayhem came ashore on Long Island in 1942, they were soon caught and ordered to stand trial in a secret military tribunal. President Roosevelt appointed Royall to defend them, but the president didn't want any foolishness. He wanted the Nazis executed, the sooner the better. Royall's orders were to stay away from civilian courts. Royall wrote Roosevelt that he didn't think the president had authority to convene a secret court to try his clients, and asked the president to change his order. Roosevelt refused—whereupon Royall appealed to the U.S. District Court, arguing the secret tribunal was unconstitutional.

The court rejected that argument, so Royall and other lawyers in his office appealed to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court rejected Royall's argument in a brief announcement in July 1942, and upheld the right of the president to appoint a secret tribunal. But Royall had succeeded in getting civilian court review of the tribunals' constitutionality despite the president's preference to hush things up. The Supreme Court published a fuller opinion in October, saying, 'Constitutional safeguards for the protection of all who are charged with offense are not to be disregarded.' By then, six of Royall's clients were dead. They were tried, convicted and executed in August 1942, days after the Supreme Court's brief announcement upholding Roosevelt's tribunals. Two were sent to prison. Royall later said he believed his defense of the Nazis was the most important work he did in a long and illustrious career. He was promoted to brigadier general. He served as Under Secretary of War from November 9, 1945 until July 18, 1947.^[1] President Truman named him Secretary of War in 1947. He later became the first Secretary of the Army.

Royall was forced into retirement in April 1949 for continuing to refuse to desegregate the Army even nearly a year after President Truman promulgated Executive Order 9981.^[2]

In December 1949, Royall became a partner at the prestigious New York City law firm of Dwight, Harris, Koegel and Caskey, becoming the firm's head in 1958. The firm was later renamed Rogers & Wells, and subsequently Clifford Chance Rogers & Wells after its merger with British firm Clifford Chance. He died in Durham in 1971.

His son, Kenneth C. Royall, Jr. (1919–1999) served in the North Carolina House of Representatives from 1967 to 1972 and in the state Senate from 1973 to 1992.

References[link]

External links[link]

• Charlotte Observer: Royall was also willing to stand for rule of law
• Official Army biography and portrait
• History News Network article on Nazi saboteur case
• Kenneth Royall at Findagrave.com
• A film clip "Longines Chronoscope with Gen. Kenneth C. Royall (November 26, 1951)" is available for free download at the Internet Archive [more]

v t e Secretaries of War and Secretaries of the Army Secretaries at War B. Lincoln Knox Secretaries of War Knox Pickering McHenry Dexter Dearborn Eustis Armstrong Monroe W. Crawford Calhoun Barbour P. Porter Eaton Cass Poinsett Bell Spencer J. Porter Wilkins Marcy G. Crawford Conrad J. Davis Floyd Holt S. Cameron Stanton Schofield Rawlins Belknap A. Taft J. Cameron McCrary Ramsey R. Lincoln Endicott Proctor Elkins Lamont Alger Root W. Taft Wright Dickinson Stimson Garrison Baker Weeks D. Davis Good Hurley Dern Woodring Stimson Patterson Royall Secretaries of the Army Royall Gray Pace Stevens Brucker Stahr Vance Ailes Resor Froehlke Callaway Hoffmann C. Alexander Marsh Stone West Caldera White Harvey Geren McHugh Assistant Secretaries of War Scott Dana Eckert Grant Doe Meiklejohn Sanger Oliver Breckinridge Ingraham Crowell Williams Wainwright D. Davis MacNider Hurley Payne Woodring L. Johnson Patterson McCloy Petersen Under Secretaries of the Army Draper Gray Voorhees A. Alexander Bendetsen E. Johnson Slezak Finucane Milton Ailes Ignatius Resor McGiffert Beal BeLieu Staudt Augustine LaBerge Ambrose Stone Shannon Reeder Walker Rostker Dahlberg Brownlee Geren Ford Westphal

v t e Cabinet of President Harry S. Truman (1945–1953) Vice President None (1945–1949) Alben W. Barkley (1949–1953) Secretary of State Edward Stettinius, Jr. (1945) James F. Byrnes (1945–1947) George Marshall (1947–1949) Dean Acheson (1949–1953) Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson (1945) Robert P. Patterson (1945–1947) Kenneth Claiborne Royall (1947) Secretary of Defense James Forrestal (1947–1949) Louis Arthur Johnson (1949–1950) George Marshall (1950–1951) Robert A. Lovett (1951–1953) Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau, Jr. (1945) Fred M. Vinson (1945–1946) John W. Snyder (1946–1953) Attorney General Francis Biddle (1945) Tom C. Clark (1945–1949) J. Howard McGrath (1949–1952) James P. McGranery (1952–1953) Postmaster General Frank Comerford Walker (1945) Robert E. Hannegan (1945–1947) Jesse M. Donaldson (1947–1953) Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal (1945–1947) Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes (1945–1946) Julius A. Krug (1946–1949) Oscar L. Chapman (1949–1953) Secretary of the Agriculture Claude R. Wickard (1945) Clinton P. Anderson (1945–1948) Charles F. Brannan (1948–1953) Secretary of Commerce Henry A. Wallace (1945–1946) William Averell Harriman (1946–1948) Charles W. Sawyer (1948–1953) Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins (1945) Lewis B. Schwellenbach (1945–1948) Maurice J. Tobin (1948–1953)