A root cellar is a structure built underground or partially underground and used to store vegetables, fruits, and nuts or other foods.

Function[link]

Root cellars are for keeping food supplies at a low temperature and steady humidity. They keep food from freezing during the winter and keep food cool during the summer months to prevent spoilage. Typically, a variety of vegetables are placed in the root cellar in the autumn, after harvesting. A secondary use for the root cellar is as a place in which to store wine or home-made alcoholic beverages.

Vegetables stored in the root cellar primarily consist of potatoes, turnips, and carrots. Other food supplies placed in the root cellar over the winter months include beets, onions, preserves/jams, salt meat, salt turbot, salt herring, Winter squash, and cabbage.^[1]

Separate cellars are occasionally used for storing fruits, such as apples. Water, bread, butter, milk, and cream are sometimes stored in the root cellar also. In addition, items such as salad greens, fresh meat, and jam pies are kept in the root cellar early in the day to keep cool until they are needed for supper.^[2]

Construction[link]

Common construction methods are:

1. Digging down into the ground and erecting a shed or house over the cellar (access is via a trap door in the shed).
2. Digging into the side of a hill (easier to excavate and facilitates water drainage).
3. Building a structure at ground level and piling rocks, earth, and/or sod around and over it. This may be easier to build on rocky terrain where excavation is difficult.

Most root cellars were built using stone, wood, mortar (cement), and sod. Newer ones may be made of concrete with sod on top.^[2]

See also[link]

• basement
• canning
• cellar
• Larder
• refrigeration
• Storage clamp

References[link]

1. ^ Tortorello, Michael (6 November 2008). "Food Storage as Grandma Knew It". The New York Times: p. D1. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/06/garden/06root.html. Retrieved 1 November 2010. 
2. ^ ^{a b} An Old Time Dugout Root Cellar

Josef "Sepp" Holzer (born July 24, 1942 in Ramingstein, Province of Salzburg, Austria) is a farmer, author, and an international consultant for natural agriculture. After an upbringing in a traditional Catholic rural family, he took over his parents' mountain farm business in 1962 and pioneered the use of ecological farming, or permaculture, techniques at high altitudes (1100 to 1500 meters above sea level)^[1] after being unsuccessful with regular farming methods. Called the "rebel farmer" because he persisted in these practices despite being fined and even threatened with prison^[2] for practices such as not pruning his fruit trees (unpruned fruit trees survive snow loads that will break pruned trees).^[3] He has also created some of the worlds best examples of using ponds as reflectors to increase solar gain for Passive solar heating of structures, and of using the microclimate created by rock outcrops to effectively change the hardiness zone for nearby plants. He has also done original work in the use of Hugelkultur and natural branch development instead of pruning (see Fruit tree pruning) to allow fruit trees to survive high altitudes and harsh winters. He is currently conducting permaculture ("Holzer Permaculture") seminars both at his Krameterhof farm and worldwide, while continuing to work on his alpine farm. His expanded farm now spans over 45 hectares of forest gardens, including 70 ponds, and is said to be the most consistent example of permaculture worldwide. In the past he was doing many experiments with different animals. As a result of this experiments, there is a huge role for animals in the Holzer Permaculture. For example, Holzer is using different kinds of pigs to dig new beds. This is a very effective way of digging, the only thing he has to do is to throw some maize and other fruits to the place he wants to dig. A couple of days later, he can push the pigs back to their enclosure and plant new plants in this beds. Holzer is able to crop his plants with a huge success, without using any fertilizer.

He is author of several books, works nationally as permaculture-activist in the established agricultural industry, and works internationally as adviser for ecological agriculture.^[4] He is the subject of the film The Agricultural Rebel directed by Bertram Verhaag.^[5]

See also[link]

• Bill Mollison
• David Holmgren
• Geoff Lawton
• Natural Farming

References[link]

External links[link]

• Holzer Permaculture
• Reuter News Service article
• richsoil.com article Sepp Holzer`s Permaculture

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Stanton Moore
] Stanton Moore with Garage A Benevento at Tipitina's May 2, 2007 photo by Sam Friedman
Background information
Born	(1972-07-09)July 9, 1972
Origin	New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Genres	Jazz funk, blues, heavy metal, funk rock, alternative rock
Instruments	Drums
Years active	1990s–present
Labels	Telarc, Verve, Blue Thumb, Fog Cit
Associated acts	Galactic, Stanton Moore Trio, Midnite Disturbers, Garage A Trois, Street Sweeper Social Club, DJ Shadow
Website	www.stantonmoore.com

Stanton Moore is a drummer raised in Metairie, Louisiana. Most widely known as a founding member of Galactic, Moore has also pursued a solo recording career (beginning with his 1998 debut All Kooked Out!) and recorded with bands as diverse as jazz-funk keyboardist Robert Walter and heavy metal act Corrosion of Conformity. He also travels internationally to teach New Orleans drumming, writes a regular column for drumming magazines, and releases instructional books and videos.

As of 2008 some of Moore's recent projects include the Stanton Moore Trio, Garage A Trois and the Midnite Disturbers. Moore performs with his Stanton Moore Trio including a variety of local and visiting musicians in New Orleans. As a trio he has toured nationally with keyboardist Robert Walter and guitarist Will Bernard. Additionally, Walter and Bernard are the credited musicians on Moore's two most recent solo albums.^[1] Moore continues to perform with his co-founded Garage A Trois with Skerik, Mike Dillon and Marco Benevento.^[2] Moore organized the all-star brass band Midnite Disturbers with drummer Kevin O'Day. The Midnite Disturbers are Trombone Shorty and Jamelle Williams on trumpets, Big Sam and Mark Mullins on trombones, Ben Ellman and Skerik on saxophones, Jeffery Hills on sousaphone and Kevin O’Day and Moore on drums.

Other ongoing collaborations include bands such as Dragon Smoke and MG5. Dragon Smoke features Eric Lindell, Robert Mercurio, Ivan Neville and Stanton Moore. MG5 (formerly Frequinox) features Robert Walter, Robert Mercurio, Will Bernard, Donald Harrison, Jeff Coffin and Stanton Moore.

Since Hurricane Katrina Moore has helped start and participates in the Tipitina's Foundation workshop for students, providing young people an opportunity to learn, play and perform with professional musicians.^[3]

Recently, Moore has collaborated with Tom Morello of Rage Against the Machine and Boots Riley of the Coup on a new project under the name Street Sweeper Social Club, which released an album on June 16, 2009.^[4]

Moore released Emphasis! (On Parenthesis) on Telarc April 2008 as Stanton Moore Trio. The trio consists of long time associates Robert Walter and Will Bernard.

At the 2009 Winter NAMM Show in Anaheim, California Stanton Moore introduced a signature model snare drum under his own brand, The Stanton Moore Drum company of New Orleans. The drum is 4.5" x 14" made of titanium. Stanton worked closely with drum designer Ronn Dunnett (Dunnett Classic Drums) to create a drum that embodied the sound of a classic vintage snare drum that Stanton had once owned.^[5]

In the July 2001 issue of Modern Drummer Stanton Moore won the reader polls in both the Educational Book and Educational DVD categories for his Groove Alchemy educational series.

Selected discography[link]

• All Kooked Out! (Fog City Records, 1998)
• Flyin' the Koop (Verve/Blue Thumb Records, 2002)
• III (Telarc International, September 26, 2006)
• Emphasis! (On Parenthesis) (Telarc International, April 22, 2008)
• Groove Alchemy (Telarc International, April 13, 2010)

With Galactic[link]

• Coolin' Off (Fog City Records, 1996)
• Crazyhorse Mongoose (Capricorn, 1999)
• Late for the Future (Polygram, 2000)
• We Love 'Em Tonight: Live at Tipitina's (Volcano, 2001)
• Vintage Reserve (Volcano, 2003)
• Ruckus (Sanctuary Records, 2003)
• From the Corner to the Block (2007)
• Ya-Ka-May (February 9, 2010) U.S

With Garage A Trois[link]

• Mysteryfunk (Fog City Records, 1999)
• Emphasizer (Tone Cool Records, 2003)
• Outre Mer (Telarc Records, 2005)
• Power Patriot (The Royal Potato Family, 2009)

With others[link]

• Some Twigs - Oxenthrust (Oxen Sounds, 1991)
• Money Shot - Robert Walter's 20th Congress (Fog City Records, 2000)
• Live From New York - Bonerama - (Tracks 2-7) (Bonerama, 2004)
• Super Heavy Organ - Robert Walter - (Magna Carta, 2005)
• In the Arms of God - Corrosion of Conformity (2005)
• The Coalition of the Willing - Bobby Previte (2006)
• Blue Plate Special - Will Bernard (Palmetto, 2008)
• Street Sweeper Social Club - Street Sweeper Social Club (Warner Music Group, 2009)

References[link]

1. ^ liner notes
2. ^ An Interview with Stanton Moore Sheri Mckee, NOLAFugees.com, Vol. 1 #17, September 2006, Retrieved October 23, 2007
3. ^ More, More Moore Alex Rawls, OffBeat.com, November 16, 2006, Retrieved October 23, 2007
4. ^ Relix -The Magazine For Music - Stanton Moore to Release New Studio Album with Tom Morello and Boots Riley^{[dead link]}
5. ^ Bart Elliott Stanton Moore 'Spirit of New Orleans' Signature Snare Drum www.drummercafe.com, December 19, 2008 , Retrieved February 28, 2009

External links[link]

• Stanton Moore official website
• Stanton Moore Fog City Records site
• Garage A Trois official site
• Bosphorus Cymbals: Stanton Moore Signature Series
• Stanton Moore collection at the Internet Archive's live music archive