Klaus Kinski (born Klaus Günter Karl Nakszynski^[1] 18 October 1926 – 23 November 1991) was a German actor. He appeared in more than 130 films, and is perhaps best-remembered as a leading role actor in the films of Werner Herzog, including: Aguirre, the Wrath of God (1972), Nosferatu the Vampyre (1979), Woyzeck (1979), Fitzcarraldo (1982) and Cobra Verde (1987).

Early life[link]

Klaus Kinski's parental home

Klaus Kinski was born in Zoppot, in the Free City of Danzig (now Sopot, Poland). He was the son of a German father of Polish descent,^[2] Bruno Nakszynski, a pharmacist and a failed opera singer, and a German mother Susanne (née Lutze), a nurse and a daughter of a local pastor.^[3] He had three older siblings: Inge, Arne and Hans-Joachim. Because of the Great Depression, the family was unable to make a living in Danzig and was forced to move to Berlin in 1931.^[3] They settled in a flat in the Wartburgstraße 3, in the district of Schöneberg, and took German citizenship.^[3] From 1936 on, Kinski attended the Prinz-Heinrich-Gymnasium in Schöneberg.^[4]

Career[link]

Military service during World War II[link]

Kinski was conscripted into the German Wehrmacht sometime in 1943, serving in the army.^[5] He saw no action until the winter of 1944, when his unit was transferred to the Netherlands.^[5] His obituary in Variety Magazine states that there he was wounded and captured by the British on the second day of combat, but Kinski's autobiography claims he made a conscious decision to desert.^[5] He further claims that after being captured by the Germans, court-martialed as a deserter and sentenced to death, Kinski subsequently escaped, hid in the woods and finally surrendered to a British patrol which first had wounded him on the arm.^[5]

After being treated for his injuries and interrogated, Kinski was transferred to the prisoner of war "Camp 186" in Berechurch Hall in Colchester, Essex.^[5][6] The ship transporting him to England was torpedoed by a German U-Boat, but managed to arrive safely to its destination.^[5]

At the POW camp Kinski played his first theatre roles on stage, taking part in shows intended to maintain morale among the prisoners.^[5][6] Following the end of the war in Europe in May 1945, the German POWs were anxious to return home. Kinski had heard that sick prisoners were to be returned first, and tried to qualify to this category by standing outside naked during the nights, drinking urine and eating cigarettes.^[5] He, however, remained healthy and was finally allowed to return to Germany in 1946, after spending a year and four months in captivity.^[5] Arriving in Berlin, he saw how the once modern city had been reduced to ruins and was now occupied by Allied troops. Kinski learned his father had died during the war and his mother had been killed in an Allied air attack.^[5]

Plaque marking Kinski's birthplace in Zoppot

Theatrical career[link]

Returning to Germany, and without having ever attended any professional training (Herzog noted in My Best Fiend that Kinski was self-taught), Kinski started out as an actor, first at a small touring company in Offenburg and already using his new name Klaus Kinski. In 1946, he was hired by the renowned Schlosspark-Theater in Berlin, but was fired by the manager in 1947 due to his unpredictable behavior.^[7]

Other companies followed, but his already wild and unconventional behavior regularly got him into trouble.^[8] In 1950, Kinski stayed in a psychiatric hospital for three days; medical records from the period listed a preliminary diagnosis of schizophrenia.^[9] Around this time he became unable to secure film roles, and in 1955 Kinski twice tried to commit suicide.^[10] In March 1956 he made one single guest appearance at Vienna's Burgtheater in Goethe's Torquato Tasso. Although respected by his colleagues, among them Judith Holzmeister, and cheered by the audience, Kinski's hope to get a permanent contract was not fulfilled, as the Burgtheater's management ultimately became aware of the actor's earlier difficulties in Germany. He unsuccessfully tried to sue the company.^[11]

Living jobless in Vienna, and without any prospects for his future, Kinski reinvented himself as a monologist and spoken word artist.^[12] He presented the prose and verse of François Villon, William Shakespeare and Oscar Wilde among others. Thus he managed to establish himself as a well-known actor touring Austria, Germany, and Switzerland with his shows.^[13]

Film work and later life[link]

Kinski's first film role was a small part in the 1948 film Morituri. He appeared in several German Edgar Wallace movies, and had bit parts in the American war films Decision Before Dawn (1951) and A Time to Love and a Time to Die (1958). In Alfred Vohrer's Die toten Augen von London (1961), his character refused any personal guilt for his evil deeds and claimed to have only followed the orders given to him; Kinski's performance reflected the post-war Germans' reluctance to take responsibility for what had happened during World War II.^[14]

During the 1960s and 70s, Kinski appeared in various European exploitation film genres, as well as more acclaimed works such as Doctor Zhivago (1965), in which he played an Anarchist prisoner on his way to the Gulag. He relocated to Italy during the late 1960s, and had roles in numerous spaghetti westerns, including For a Few Dollars More (1965), A Bullet for the General (1966), The Great Silence (1968), and A Genius, Two Partners and a Dupe (1975). He turned down a role in Raiders of the Lost Ark,^[15] describing the script as "moronically shitty".^[16]

At the Cannes Film Festival, late 1980s

Eventually, his collaborations with director Werner Herzog brought him to international recognition. In all, they made five films together: Aguirre: The Wrath of God (1972), Woyzeck (1978), Nosferatu the Vampyre (1979), Fitzcarraldo (1982), and finally Cobra Verde (1987). In 1977 he starred as terrorist Wilfried Böse in the Israeli movie Operation Thunderbolt, based on the events of the 1976 Operation Entebbe. He co-starred as a violently evil killer from the future in a 1987 Sci-Fi based TV film Timestalkers, with William Devane and Lauren Hutton. His last film (which he also wrote and directed) was Kinski Paganini (1989), in which he played the legendary violinist Niccolò Paganini.

Kinski reinforced his image as a wild-eyed, sex-crazed maniac in the 1988 autobiography, All I Need Is Love (rereleased in 1996 as Kinski Uncut). The book infuriated many, and prompted his daughter Nastassja to file a libel suit against him, which was soon withdrawn.^[17] Werner Herzog, in his retrospective film on Kinski, My Best Fiend (1999), would later say that much of the autobiography was fabricated; the two even collaborated on the insults about the director. For many years to come, Kinski's own writings were the only source for facts about his life and were not questioned or doubted by independent analysts. With My Best Fiend, in which the director also showed lighter and humorous aspects of Kinski's personality, this changed somewhat. In 2006 Christian David published the first comprehensive biography based on newly discovered archived material, personal letters and interviews with Kinski's friends and colleagues. This was followed by a paperback book by Peter Geyer containing essays on Kinski's life and work.

Death[link]

Kinski died 23 November 1991 of a heart attack in Lagunitas, California at age 65. His ashes were scattered into the Pacific Ocean.^[18] He was survived by his daughters, Nastassja and Pola, and his son, Nikolai. Nikolai is reportedly the only person who attended the memorial service.

Filmography and discography[link]

Notes[link]

References[link]

• Kinski, Klaus (1988). All I Need Is Love (1st ed.). Random House. ISBN 0-394-54916-3. OCLC 18379547. 
• David, Christian (2008). Kinski. Die Biographie. Berlin: Aufbau-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-7466-2434-1. OCLC 244018538. 
• Geyer, Peter (2006). Klaus Kinski: Leben, Werk, Wirkung. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. ISBN 3-518-18220-X. 
• Wise, James E. Jr.; Baron, Scott (2002). International Stars at War. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. pp. 105–107. ISBN 1-55750-965-4. 

External links[link]

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Klaus Kinski

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Klaus Kinski

• Video clips and interviews with Klaus Kinski
• Klaus Kinski at the Internet Movie Database
• a segment of Guido Bãhm's 2001 Multimedia Analysis and Design project at the Humanities Advanced Technology and Information Institute, University of Glasgow
• Kinski's final interview
• Kinski Fanpage in German
• Guide to Kinski
• The Kinski Files blogsite
• Kinski Uncut review
• Klaus Kinski - Actor, Director and Fruitcake With Extra Nuts (TCM Movie Morlocks)
• Klaus Kinski at Find a Grave

Werner Herzog
Werner Herzog in Brussels, 2007
Born	Werner Herzog Stipetić (1942-09-05) 5 September 1942 (age 69) Munich, Germany
Occupation	Actor Director Screenwriter Producer
Years active	1962–present
Spouse	Martje Grohmann (1967–1987) Christine Maria Ebenberger (1987–1994) Lena Herzog (1999–present)
Website
http://www.wernerherzog.com

Werner Herzog Stipetić (German pronunciation: [ˈʋɛɐ̯nɐ ˈhɛɐ̯tsoːk ˈstɪpɛtɪtʃ]; born 5 September 1942), known as Werner Herzog, is a German film director, producer, screenwriter, actor, and opera director.

He is often considered one of the greatest figures of the New German Cinema, along with Rainer Werner Fassbinder, Margarethe von Trotta, Volker Schlöndorff, Werner Schröter, and Wim Wenders. His films often feature heroes with impossible dreams,^[1] people with unique talents in obscure fields, or individuals who find themselves in conflict with nature.^[2] French filmmaker François Truffaut once called Herzog "the most important film director alive."^[3]

Personal life[link]

Herzog was born Werner Herzog Stipetić to a German father Dietrich Herzog and a Croatian mother^[4] Elizabeth Stipetić in Munich. His family moved to the remote Bavarian village of Sachrang (nestled in the Chiemgau Alps), after the house next to theirs was destroyed during a bombing raid at the close of World War II.^[5] When he was 12, he and his family moved back to Munich. His father had abandoned the family early in his youth. Werner would later adopt his father's surname Herzog (German for "duke"), which he thought sounded more impressive for a filmmaker.^[6]

The same year, Herzog was told to sing in front of his class at school and he adamantly refused. He was almost expelled for this and until the age of 18 listened to no music, sang no songs, and studied no instruments. He later said that he would easily give 10 years from his life to be able to play an instrument. At 14, Herzog was inspired by an encyclopedia entry about filmmaking which he says provided him with "everything I needed to get myself started" as a filmmaker—that, and the 35 mm camera he stole from the Munich Film School.^[7] In the commentary for Aguirre, the Wrath of God, he states, "I don't consider it theft—it was just a necessity—I had some sort of natural right for a camera, a tool to work with." He studied at the University of Munich despite earning a scholarship to Duquesne University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. While in his teens he travelled to various exotic places.

In the early 1960s, Herzog worked nightshifts as a welder in a steel factory to help fund his first films. He has spoken of how, even before leaving school, he bought a house in the UK, in what was likely the Moss Side area of Manchester, relating how it was there that he learned to speak English.^[8] In 1966 he worked shortly in television under the auspices of NASA.^[9]

Herzog has been married three times and has three children. In 1967, he married Martje Grohmann,^[10] with whom he had a son in 1973, Rudolph Amos Achmed,^[11] who is a film producer and director as well as the author of several non-fiction books.

In 1971 while he was location scouting for Aguirre, the Wrath of God in Peru he narrowly avoided taking LANSA Flight 508 which later disintegrated after being struck by lightning with one miraculous free-fall survivor. His reservation was canceled due to a last minute change in itinerary. This led to the making in 2000 of a documentary film Wings of Hope which explored the story of the sole survivor, Juliane Koepcke.

In 1980, his daughter, Hanna Mattes (now a photographer and an artist), was born to Eva Mattes.^[12] In 1987, Herzog was divorced from Grohmann; later the same year he married Christine Maria Ebenberger.^[13] Their son, Simon Herzog, who attends Columbia University, was born in 1989. Herzog and Ebenberger divorced in 1994. In 1995, Herzog moved to the United States, and in 1999 he married photographer Lena Pisetski, now Lena Herzog.^[14] They live in Los Angeles.

In January 2006, actor Joaquin Phoenix overturned his car on a road above Sunset Boulevard. Herzog, who lived nearby, helped him get out of the car.^[15] A few days later, while Herzog was giving an interview to Mark Kermode for the BBC, an unknown individual shot Herzog with an air rifle during filming. Herzog continued the interview and showed his wound on camera but acted as if nothing out of the ordinary had happened, remarking, "It is not a significant bullet."^[16][17]

Career[link]

Besides using professional actors, German, American and otherwise, Herzog is known for using people from the locality in which he is shooting. Especially in his documentaries, he uses locals to benefit his, as he calls it, "ecstatic truth", using footage of them both playing parts and being themselves. Herzog and his films have won and been nominated for many awards. Herzog's first major award was the Silver Bear Extraordinary Prize of the Jury for his first feature film Signs of Life^[18] (Nosferatu the Vampyre was also nominated for Golden Bear in 1979). Most notably, Herzog won the best director award for Fitzcarraldo at the 1982 Cannes Film Festival. On the same Festival, but a few years earlier (in 1975) his movie The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser won The Special Jury Prize (also known as the 'Silver Palm'). Other films directed by Herzog nominated for Golden Palm are: Woyzeck and Where the Green Ants Dream. His films were also nominated at many other very important festivals all around the world: César Awards (Aguirre, the Wrath of God), Emmy Awards (Little Dieter Needs to Fly), European Film Awards (My Best Fiend) and Venice Film Festival (Scream of Stone and The Wild Blue Yonder).

In 1987 he and his half-brother Lucki Stipetić won the Bavarian Film Awards for Best Producing, for the film Cobra Verde.^[19] In 2002 he won the Dragon of Dragons Honorary Award during Kraków Film Festival in Kraków.

Herzog was honored at the 49th San Francisco International Film Festival, receiving the 2006 Film Society Directing Award.^[20] Four of his films have been shown at the San Francisco International Film Festival: Wodaabe - Herdsmen of the Sun in 1990, Bells from the Deep in 1993, Lessons of Darkness in 1993, and The Wild Blue Yonder in 2006. Herzog's April 2007 appearance at the Ebertfest in Champaign, Illinois earned him the Golden Thumb Award, and an engraved glockenspiel given to him by a young film maker inspired by his films. Grizzly Man, directed by Herzog, won the Alfred P. Sloan Prize at the 2005 Sundance Film Festival. Encounters at the End of the World won the award for Best Documentary at the 2008 Edinburgh International Film Festival and was nominated for the Academy Award for Documentary Feature, Herzog's first nomination.

Herzog once promised to eat his shoe if Errol Morris completed the movie project on pet cemeteries that he had been working on, in order to challenge and motivate Morris, whom Herzog perceived as incapable of following up on the projects he conceived. In 1978 when the film Gates of Heaven premiered, Werner Herzog cooked and publicly ate his shoe, an event later incorporated into a short documentary Werner Herzog Eats His Shoe by Les Blank. At the event, Herzog suggested that he hoped the act would serve to encourage anyone having difficulty bringing a project to fruition.

In 2009, Herzog became the only filmmaker in recent history to enter two films in competition in the same year at the prestigious Venice Film Festival. Herzog's Bad Lieutenant: Port of Call New Orleans was entered into the festival's official competition schedule, and his My Son, My Son, What Have Ye Done? entered the competition as a "surprise film".^[21] Herzog also provided the narration for the short film Plastic Bag directed by Ramin Bahrani which was the Opening Night film in the Corto Cortissimo section of the festival.^[22]

Herzog is also a Jury Member for the digital studio Filmaka, a platform for undiscovered filmmakers to show their work to industry professionals.^[23]

Herzog was the President of the Jury at the 60th Berlin International Film Festival.^[24][25][26] He Was the Chief guest of the 15th International Film Festival of Kerala(IFFK 2010 December)

Herzog also lent his voice to the animated television program The Boondocks in the third season premiere episode It's a Black President, Huey Freeman in which he played himself filming a documentary about the series' cast of characters and their actions during the 2008 election of Barack Obama. He also played Walter Hotenhoffer (formerly known as Augustus Gloop) in the Simpsons episode The Scorpion's Tale which aired in March 2011.

Herzog completed a documentary called Cave of Forgotten Dreams in 2010, which shows Herzog's journey into the Chauvet Cave in France. Although generally skeptical of 3-D film as a format,^[27] Herzog premiered the film at the 2010 Toronto International Film Festival in 3-D and had its European premiere at the 2011 Berlinale.

Also in 2010, Herzog's documentary Happy People: A Year in the Taiga, which portrays the life of an indigenous tribe from the Siberian part of the Taiga, had its premiere at the 2010 Telluride Film Festival.

Film theory[link]

Herzog's films have received considerable critical acclaim and achieved popularity on the art house circuit. They have also been the subject of controversy in regard to their themes and messages, especially the circumstances surrounding their creation.^{[citation needed]} A notable example is Fitzcarraldo, in which the obsessiveness of the central character was mirrored by the director during the making of the film, as shown in Burden of Dreams, a documentary filmed during the making of Fitzcarraldo. His treatment of subjects has been characterized as Wagnerian in its scope, as Fitzcarraldo and his later film Invincible (2001) are directly inspired by opera, or operatic themes. He is proud of never using storyboards and often improvising large parts of the script, as he explains on the commentary track to Aguirre, the Wrath of God.

Collaborations[link]

Cast[link]

Actors/Actress in a Leading Role

• Klaus Kinski: Aguirre, the Wrath of God, Nosferatu, Woyzeck, Fitzcarraldo, and Cobra Verde. In 1999 Herzog directed and narrated the documentary film My Best Fiend, a retrospective on his often rocky relationship with Kinski.
• Brad Dourif in Scream of Stone, The Wild Blue Yonder, Bad Lieutenant: Port of Call New Orleans, and My Son, My Son, What Have Ye Done
• Bruno S. in The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser and Stroszek
• Josef Bierbichler in Heart of Glass and Woyzeck
• Eva Mattes in Woyzeck and Stroszek
• Michael Shannon in Bad Lieutenant: Port of Call New Orleans and My Son, My Son, What Have Ye Done

Actors in a Supporting Role

• Clemens Scheitz in The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser, Heart of Glass, Stroszek and Nosferatu the Vampyre
• Peter Berling in Aguirre, the Wrath of God, Fitzcarraldo and Cobra Verde
• Volker Prechtel in The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser, Heart of Glass, Woyzeck and Scream of Stone
• Udo Kier in Invincible and My Son, My Son, What Have Ye Done?
• José Lewgoy in Fitzcarraldo and Cobra Verde
• Walter Ladengast in The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser and Nosferatu the Vampyre

Crew[link]

Cinematographers

Thomas Mauch

Mauch worked with Herzog on ten films: starting with Signs of Life and Last Words and ending with Fitzcarraldo. He helped to create hallucinogenic atmosphere in Aguirre and realistic style of Stroszek. Mauch won Film Award in Gold and National Society of Film Critics Awards for Aguirre. He was Herzog's first choice to be cinematographer during Cobra Verde, but after a perpetual torrent of verbal abuse from Kinski, Mauch walked out on the project. That was Mauch and Herzog's final collaboration.

Jörg Schmidt-Reitwein

Reitwein worked with Herzog on seventeen films. Reitwein was Thomas Mauch's assistant camera during Even Dwarfs Started Small. His first independent work for Herzog was Precautions Against Fanatics in 1969. He helped to create poetical atmosphere of Fata Morgana, Heart of Glass, The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser and Nosferatu. He won the Film Award in Gold for Heart of Glass and Where the Green Ants Dream at the German Film Awards. He last collaborated with Herzog during Pilgrimage in 2001.

Peter Zeitlinger

Zeitlinger collaborated with Herzog on thirteen films, from Gesualdo: Death for Five Voices (1995) to now filming television documentary Death Row (2011), including Rescue Dawn and Grizzly Man. He was nominated for Chlotrudis Award for Encounters at the End of the World in 2007 and for Independent Spirit Award for Bad Lieutenant. Port of Call: New Orleans in 2009.

Producers

Walter Saxer

Saxer produced sixteen of Herzog's films, including Nosferatu and The White Diamond. He worked as Sound Department during seven of Herzog's films, including The Great Ecstasy of Woodcarver Steiner and Echoes from a Somber Empire. He co-wrote Scream of Stone which Herzog directed. Saxer appeared as himself in Herzog's My Best Fiend and in Les Blank's Burden of Dreams, in which he was also subjected to the verbal abuse of Kinski.

Lucki Stipetić

Stipetić is Herzog's half-brother. He also produced several Herzog films, including Aguirre and Invincible, and is a head of Werner Herzog Productions. He won Bavarian Film Award in 1988 for Cobra Verde and International Documentary Association Award for Little Dieter Needs to Fly in 1998. He was also nominated for an Emmy Award in 1998.

André Singer

Singer worked either as an executive producer or producer on eight of Herzog’s documentaries starting with “Lessons of Darkness” in 1991, “The Wild Blue Yonder” – won the International Critics Award at the Venice Film Festival, 2006 and including two of the most recent “La Boheme, short”, 2009, and “Into the Abyss”/”Death Row”, 2011.

Editors

Beate Mainka-Jellinghaus

Mainka-Jellinghaus worked with Herzog on twenty films, from Signs of Life and Last Words (both from 1968) to Where the Green Ants Dream (1984). She won Film Award in Gold during German Film Awards for The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser in 1975.

Joe Bini

Bini collaborated with Herzog on nineteen films, from Little Dieter Needs to Fly (1997) to Cave of Forgotten Dreams (2009). He was nominated by American Cinema Editors for Best Edited Documentary Film for Grizzly Man in 2005.

Costumes designers

Ann Poppel

Poppel collaborated with Herzog on four films, including Nosferatu the Vampyre and Scream of Stone.

Gisela Storch

Storch worked with Herzog on six films: The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser, Heart of Glass, Nosferatu the Vampyre, Woyzeck, Fitzcarraldo and Cobra Verde. She was nominated for a Saturn Award for Nosferatu the Vampire in 1979.

Composers

Popol Vuh

Popol Vuh was a German Krautrock band founded by pianist and keyboardist Florian Fricke. The band took its name from the Popol Vuh, a manuscript of Quiché Maya kingdom, after watching Herzog's Fata Morgana (in which Lotte Eisner reads parts of the Popol Vuh). The band composed music for eight Herzog's films: Aguirre, the Wrath of God, The Great Ecstasy of Woodcarver Steiner, Heart of Glass, Nosferatu, The Dark Glow of the Mountains, Fitzcarraldo, Cobra Verde and My Best Fiend. Their compositions were also used by Herzog in Rescue Dawn. Florian Fricke made a cameo as a pianist in Signs of Life and The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser.

Ernst Reijseger

Herzog invited Reijseger to compose scores for his films four times to that date. Two of them were documentaries (The White Diamond an Cave of Forgotten Dreams) and two were features (The Wild Blue Yonder and My Son, My Son What Have Ye Done). His music was also used in Rescue Dawn and in video documentary short about recording music for Grizzly Man titled In the Edges: The 'Grizzly Man' Session directed by Erik Nelson. Reijseger also had a cameo as himself in My Son, My Son What Have Ye Done.

Others

Henning von Gierke

Gierke collaborated with Herzog on seven films and several operas. He was Production Designer during The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser, Nosferatu the Vampyre and Fitzcarraldo. As a Set Decorator he worked on Heart of Glass and Woyzeck, as Stage Designer on operas: Lohengrin and Giovanna d'Arco and as Costume Designer on film The Transformation of the World Into Music. Gierke shot additional still photographs on Stroszek 's set. He appeared twice in Herzog's film The Transformation of the World Into Music as himself and in Herzog's TV realisation of opera Giovanna d'Arco. Von Gierke won Film Award in Gold for The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser during German Film Awards and Silver Bear for an outstanding single achievement for Nosferatu, at the 29th Berlin International Film Festival.^[28]

Filmography[link]

Fiction feature films[link]

• Signs of Life (1968)
• Even Dwarfs Started Small (1970)
• Fata Morgana (1972)
• Aguirre, the Wrath of God (1972)
• The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser (1974)
• Heart of Glass (1976)
• Stroszek (1977)
• Nosferatu the Vampyre (1979)
• Woyzeck (1979)
• Fitzcarraldo (1982)
• Where the Green Ants Dream (1984)
• Cobra Verde (1987)
• Scream of Stone (1991)
• Invincible (2001)
• The Wild Blue Yonder (2005)
• Rescue Dawn (2007)
• Bad Lieutenant: Port of Call New Orleans (2009)
• My Son, My Son, What Have Ye Done (2009)

Fiction short films[link]

• Herakles (1962)
• Game in The Sand (1964)
• The Unprecedented Defence of the Fortress Deutschkreuz (1966)
• Last Words (1968)
• Precautions Against Fanatics (1969)
• No One Will Play With Me (1976)
• Les Gaulois (1988)

Documentary feature films[link]

• The Flying Doctors of East Africa (1969)
• Handicapped Future (1971)
• Land of Silence and Darkness (1971)
• The Great Ecstasy of Woodcarver Steiner (1974)
• How Much Wood Would a Woodchuck Chuck (1976)
• Huie's Sermon (1980)
• God's Angry Man (1980)
• Ballad of the Little Soldier (1984)
• The Dark Glow of the Mountains (1984)
• Wodaabe – Herdsmen of the Sun (1989)
• Echoes From a Somber Empire (1990)
• Jag Mandir (1991)
• Lessons of Darkness (1992)
• Bells from the Deep (1993)
• The Transformation of the World into Music (1994)
• Gesualdo: Death for Five Voices (1995)
• Little Dieter Needs to Fly (1997)
• My Best Fiend (1999)
• Wings of Hope (2000)
• Wheel of Time (2003)
• The White Diamond (2004)
• Grizzly Man (2005)
• Encounters at the End of the World (2007)
• Cave of Forgotten Dreams (2010)
• Into the Abyss (2011)

Documentary short films[link]

• La Soufrière (1977)
• Portrait Werner Herzog (1986)
• Christ and demons in New Spain (1999)
• Pilgrimage (2001)
• Ten Thousand Years Older (2002)
• La bohème (2009)
• On Death Row (2012) TV miniseries in four, hour-long episodes

Screenwriter[link]

Films written, not directed, by Herzog:

• Werner Herzog Eats His Shoe (1980)

Herzog has written all his films, except these which he co-wrote:

• Scream of Stone (1991)
• Bad Lieutenant: Port of Call New Orleans (2009)
• My Son, My Son, What Have Ye Done (2009)

Herzog has also co-written:

• Hunger in the world explained to my son (El hambre en el mundo explicada a mi hijo) (2002)
• Incident at Loch Ness (2004)
• Happy People: A Year in the Taiga (2010)

Actor[link]

• Geschichten vom Kübelkind (1971)
• Man of Flowers (1983)
• Bride of the Orient (1989)
• Hard to Be a God (1990)
• Tales from the Opera (1994)
• Burning Heart (1995)
• What Dreams May Come (1998)
• Julien Donkey-Boy (1999)
• Incident at Loch Ness (2004)
• Mister Lonely (2007)
• The Grand (2007)
• Plastic Bag (2009)
• The Simpsons Ep. 479 (2010) Voice role
• The Boondocks Ep. 31 (2010) Voice role
• Metalocalypse Ep. 50, 52 & 53 (2012) Voice role
• American Dad! Ep. 132 (2012) Voice role
• One Shot (2013)

Stage works[link]

Opera[link]

• Doktor Faustus (1986, Teatro Comunale di Bologna)
• Lohengrin (1987, Bayreuth Festival)^[29]
• Giovanna d'Arco (1989, Teatro Comunale di Bologna)
• La Donna del lago (1992, Teatro alla Scala, Milan)
• The Flying Dutchman (1993, L'Opéra de la Bastille)
• Il Guarany (1993, Opera Bonn)
• Norma (1994, Verona Arena)
• Il Guarany (1996, Washington National Opera)
• Chushingura (1997, Tokyo Opera)
• Tannhäuser (1997, 1998 Teatro de la Maestranza; Teatro di San Carlo; Teatro Massimo)
• The Magic Flute (1999, Teatro Bellini, Catania)
• Fidelio (1999, Teatro alla Scala)
• Tannhäuser (Wagner) (2000)
• Giovanna d'Arco (2001, Teatro Carlo Felice, Genoa)
• Tannhäuser (2001, Teatro Municipal; Houston Grand Opera)
• Die Zauberflöte (2001, Baltimore Opera)
• The Flying Dutchman (2002, DomStufen Festspiele Erfurt)
• Parsifal (2008, Palau de les Arts, Valencia)

Theatre[link]

• Floresta Amazonica (A Midsummer Night's Dream) (1992, Teatro Joao Caetano)
• Varété (1993, Hebbel Theatre)
• Specialitaeten (1993, Etablissement Ronacher)

Bibliography[link]

Books

Writer:

• Of Walking In Ice (Free Association, New York, 2007, ISBN 978-0-9796121-0-7)
• Fitzcarraldo: The Original Story (Fjord Pr, January 1983, ISBN 978-0-940242-04-3)
• "Conquest of the Useless" Herzog's diaries of the making of "Fitzcarraldo"

Co-writer:

• Paul Cronin. Herzog on Herzog (London: Faber and Faber Ltd., 2002, ISBN 0-571-20708-1) (extracts^[30])
• Lena Herzog. Pilgrims: Becoming the Path Itself (Periplus Publishing London Ltd., ISBN 1-902699-43-2)

Screenplays

Writer:

• Cobra Verde (Jade-Flammarion 2001, ISBN 2-08-203009-1)
• Wo Die Grünen Ameisen Träumen (Hanser 1984, ISBN 3-446-14106-5)
• Nosferatu (Ulbulibri, 1984)
• Fitzcarraldo, Nosferatu, Stroszek (Mazarine 1982)
• Screenplays: Aguirre, The Wrath of God, Every Man For Himself and God Against All & Land of Silence and Darkness (translated by Alan Greenberg & Martje Herzog; Tanam, New York, ISBN 0-934378-03-7)
• Drehbücher III: Stroszek, Nosferatu (Hanser 1979)
• Drehbücher II: Aguirre, der Zorn Gottes: Jeder für sich und Gott gegen alle, Land des Schweigens und der Dunkelheit (Hanser 1977)
• Drehbücher I: Lebenszeichen, Auch Zwerge haben klein angefangen, Fata Morgana (Hanser 1977)

Co-writer:

• Alan Greenberg & Herbert Achternbusch. Heart of Glass 1976

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Werner Herzog

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Werner Herzog

• Official website
• Werner Herzog at the Internet Movie Database
• Encounters with Herzog a film competition. Judged by Herzog on the independent filmmakers networking community Shooting People.

Terence Hill (born Mario Girotti; 29 March 1939) is an Italian actor. He is best known for starring in multiple action and western films (so-called spaghetti westerns) together with his longtime film partner Bud Spencer.

Biography[link]

Hill was born in Venice, Italy. His mother was German, his father an Italian chemist. As a child, he lived in the small town of Lommatzsch, Germany from 1943 to 1945 during World War II, surviving the Dresden Bombing. After being discovered by Italian filmmaker Dino Risi for Vacanze col Gangster (Holiday with the Gangster, 1951) at an early age of 12, he had, after 27 movies in Italy (including Gli sbandati), a major film role in Luchino Visconti's The Leopard (Il Gattopardo, 1963). In 1964, he returned to Germany and there, appeared in a series of Heimatfilmen, adventure and western films, made after novels by German author Karl May. In 1967, he returned to Italy to act in God Forgives... I Don't! (Dio perdona... Io no!, 1968). He changed his name to Terence Hill in the same year. The name was made up, as a publicity stunt, by the film producers; he had to choose from a list of twenty names and picked the one with his mother's initials. In a Q&A,^[1] he dismissed as a journalist's invention the rumour that it might have been taken from the Roman playwright Terence and his wife's surname (his wife was Lori Zwicklbauer; she later took her husband's surname).

In the following years, he starred in many action and Spaghetti Westerns together with his longtime colleague and friend Bud Spencer. The pair were notable for their comedy films, successful not only in Italy, but also abroad. They made a large number of Italian Westerns and other films together. Many of these have alternate titles, depending upon the country and distributor. Possibly their most famous film is the 1971 western Lo chiamavano Trinità (They Call Me Trinity) and the 1972 sequel Continuavano a chiamarlo Trinità (Trinity Is STILL My Name!). He has stated in interviews that Il mio nome è Nessuno (My Name Is Nobody, 1973), in which he co-starred with the American Henry Fonda, is his personal favorite of all his films.

His first American films were Mr. Billion and March or Die (both 1977), after which he divided his time between Italy and the US.

Hill's adopted son Ross was killed in an accident in Stockbridge, Massachusetts in 1990 while the actor was preparing to film Lucky Luke on the Bonanza Creek Ranch near Santa Fe. Hill later went on to a successful television career in Italy. In 2000, he landed the leading role in the Italian television series Don Matteo, as a crimefighting parish priest.

Filmography[link]

• Vacanze col gangster (1951)
• Un Amore per te (1952)
• Villa Borghese (1953)
• La voce del silenzio (1953)
• Divisione Folgore (1954)
• Gli sbandati (1955)
• La vena d'oro (1955)
• I vagabondi delle stelle (1956)
• Mamma sconosciuta (1956)
• Lazzarella (1957)
• Guaglione (1957)
• La grande strada azzurra (1957)
• La spada e la croce (1958)
• Novelliere: The picture of Dorian Gray, Il (1958, TV)
• Anna di Brooklyn (1958)
• Cerasella (1959, as Mario Girotti)
• Spavaldi e innamorati (1959)
• Padrone delle ferriere, Il (1959)
• Primo Amore (1959
• Giuseppe venduto dai fratelli (1960)
• Militare e mezzo, Un (1960)
• Cartagine in fiamme (1960)
• Annibale (1960)
• Juke box urli d'amore (1960)
• Pecado de amor
• Le meraviglie di Aladino(1961)
• Il Giorno più corto(1962)
• Il Dominatore dei sette mari (1962)
• Il Gattopardo (1963)
• Winnetou - 2. Teil (1964)
• Among Vultures (1964)
• Duell vor Sonnenuntergang (1965)
• Schüsse im Dreivierteltakt (1965)
• Der Ölprinz (1965)
• Ruf der Wälder (1965)
• Old Surehand (1965)
• Die Nibelungen, Teil 1: Siegfried (1966)
• Rita nel West (1967)
• La feldmarescialla (1967)
• Io non protesto, io amo (1967, as Mario Girotti)
• Die Nibelungen, Teil 2: Kriemhilds Rache (1967)
• Dio perdona... Io no! (1967)
• Preparati la bara! (1968)
• I quattro dell'Ave Maria(Ace High, 1968)
• Barbagia (1969)
• La collina degli stivali (Boot Hill,1969)
• La collera del vento (1970)
• Lo chiamavano Trinità (They Call Me Trinity, 1970)
• Il corsaro nero (Blackie the Pirate, 1971)
• ...continuavano a chiamarlo Trinità (Trinity Is Still My Name, 1971)
• Più forte, ragazzi! (All the Way, Boys, 1972)
• Il vero e il falso (1972)
• E poi lo chiamarono il magnifico (Man of the East, 1972)
• Il mio nome è Nessuno (My Name Is Nobody, 1973)
• Porgi l'altra guancia (Two Missionaries, 1974)
• ...altrimenti ci arrabbiamo (Watch Out, We're Mad!, 1974)
• Un genio, due compari, un pollo (A Genius, Two Partners and a Dupe, 1975)
• I due superpiedi quasi piatti (Crime Busters, 1976)
• Mr. Billion (1977)
• March or Die (1977)
• Pari e dispari (Odds and Evens, 1978)
• Io sto con gli ippopotami (1979)
• Poliziotto superpiù (Super Fuzz, 1980)
• Chi trova un amico, trova un tesoro (A Friend Is a Treasure, 1981)
• Nati con la camicia (Go for It, 1983)
• Non c'è due senza quattro (Double Trouble, 1984)
• Don Camillo (1983)
• Miami Supercops - I poliziotti dell'ottava strada (1985)
• Renegade - Un osso troppo duro (They Call Me Renegade, 1987)
• Lucky Luke (1991)
• Lucky Luke (8 episodes, 1992)
• Botte di Natale (1994)
• Potenza virtuale (1997)
• Don Matteo (8 seasons/168 episodes, 2000–2011)
• L'uomo che sognava con le aquile (2006, TV)
• L'uomo che cavalcava nel buio (2009)
• Doc West (2009)
• Un passo dal cielo (12 episodes, 2010–2011)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Terence Hill at the Internet Movie Database
• Terence Hill official international website

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