- published: 22 Jul 2011
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- author: fahadboomboom
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- 1986 Asia Cup
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Abbottabad
Abbottabad /əˈbɒtəbɑːd/ (Urdu, Hindko: ایبٹ آباد Ābṭābād [aːbʈaːˈbaːd̪]) is a city located in the Hazara region of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, in Pakistan. The city is situated in the Orash Valley, 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of the capital Islamabad and 150 kilometres (93 mi) east of Peshawar at an altitude of 1,260 metres (4,134 ft) and is the capital of the Abbottabad District. It borders Azad Kashmir to the east. The city is well-known throughout Pakistan for its pleasant weather, high-standard educational institutions and military establishments.
The town of Abbottabad, under the British Raj, was the headquarters of the Hazara District during British rule of India. It was named after Major James Abbott who founded the town and district in January 1853 after the annexation of Punjab. He remained the first Deputy Commissioner of the Hazara district from 1849 until April 1853. Major Abbott is noted for having written a poem titled "Abbottabad", before he went back to Britain, in which he wrote of his fondness for the town and his sadness at having to leave it. In the early 20th century, Abbottabad became an important military cantonment and sanatorium, serving as the headquarters of a brigade in the Second Division of the Northern Army Corps. The garrison consisted of four battalions of native infantry, of the Frontier Force (including the 5th Gurkha Rifles) and two native mountain batteries.
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Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire (/ækəˈmɛnɪˌdi/; Old Persian: Parsā, name of ruling dynasty: Haxāmanišiya) (c. 550–330 BCE), sometimes known as First Persian Empire, was an Iranian empire in Southwest Asia, founded in the 6th century BCE by Cyrus the Great who overthrew the Median confederation. It expanded to eventually rule over significant portions of the ancient world which at around 500 BCE stretched from the Indus Valley in the east, to Thrace and Macedon on the northeastern border of Greece making it the biggest empire the world had yet seen. The Achaemenid Empire would eventually control Egypt as well. It was ruled by a series of monarchs who unified its disparate tribes and nationalities by constructing a complex network of roads.
Calling themselves the Parsa after their original Aryan tribal name Parsua, Persians settled in a land which they named Parsua, bounded on the west by the Tigris River and on the south by the Persian Gulf. This became their heartland for the duration of the Achaemenid Empire. It was from this region that eventually Cyrus the Great (Cyrus II of Persia) would advance to defeat the Median, the Lydian, and the Babylonian Empires, opening the way for subsequent conquests into Egypt and Asia minor.
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Arbab Niaz Stadium
Arbab Niaz Stadium is a Test cricket ground in Peshawar, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It replaced the Peshawar Club Ground as the home ground for the Peshawar cricket team in 1985. The ground has hosted 17 ODIs since 1984 (including two where no play was possible), and seven Test matches since 1995, most recently in 2003. The ground has a seating capacity of 20,000.
Coordinates: 34°1′17.87″N 71°34′42.26″E / 34.0216306°N 71.5784056°E / 34.0216306; 71.5784056
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Australia
Australia (
/əˈstreɪljə/), officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent as well as the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. Neighbouring countries include Indonesia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea to the north; the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and New Caledonia to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east.
For at least 40,000 years before European settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who belonged to one or more of roughly 250 language groups. After discovery by Dutch explorers in 1606, Australia's eastern half was claimed by Great Britain in 1770 and settled through penal transportation to the colony of New South Wales from 26 January 1788. The population grew steadily in subsequent decades; the continent was explored and an additional five self-governing Crown Colonies were established.
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Bahawal Stadium
The Bahawal Stadium is a cricket ground in Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Locally known as Dring Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium located in used mostly for Cricket games. The stadium holds 15,000 people.
It was the first cricket ground in Western Pakistan to host a Test match, when it hosted the second Test of Indian cricket team in Pakistan in 1954-55 India's inaugural tour of Pakistan. However, this was the only international Test match to be held at this ground. As of 2002, 155 first class matches and 23 List A matches have been played at this ground. As Bahawalpur's cricket team has been without first class status since 2002–03, there was only one first class match and one List A match here for the three seasons following that, but the ground still hosts Under-19 matches.Bahwal stadium was a war place before. This stadium also ranked in Asia's 2nd largest stadium by area.
Coordinates: 29°22′5″N 71°40′47″E / 29.36806°N 71.67972°E / 29.36806; 71.67972
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Bahawalpur
Bahawalpur (Urdu, Saraiki: بہاولپور), located in Punjab, is the twelfth largest city in Pakistan. The city was once the capital of the former princely state of Bahawalpur. The city was home to various Nawabs (rulers) and counted as part of the Rajputana states (now Rajasthan, India). The city is known for its famous palaces such as the Noor Mahal, Sadiq Ghar Palace, and Darbar Mahal, as well as the ancient fort of Derawar in the Cholistan Desert bordering India. The city is located near the historical and ancient cities of Uch and Harappa, which were once a stronghold of the Delhi Sultanate and Indus Valley Civilisation. The city is home to one of the few natural safari parks in Pakistan, Lal Suhanra National Park.
In 2007, the city's population was recorded to have risen to 798,509 from 403,408 in 1998.Punjabi and Saraiki are the major languages of local people, while Urdu is well understood and English is the official languages used in various educational and government institutions. Bahawalpur is located south of the Sutlej River and lies in the Cholistan region near the Thar Desert. It is situated 90 km from Multan, 420 km from Lahore, and 270 km from Faisalabad.
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Delhi
Delhi (/ˈdɛli/; locally pronounced Dillee or Dehli), officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT), is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest metropolis by population in India. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16.7 million inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census. The region has been given special status of National Capital Region under The Constitution (69th Amendment) Act, 1991. There are nearly 22.2 million residents in the greater National Capital Region urban area (which also includes the cities Noida, Greater Noida, Ghaziabad, Gurgaon,Sonepat and Faridabad along with other smaller nearby towns).
Delhi is known to have been continuously inhabited since at least the 6th century BCE, though human habitation is believed to have existed since the second millennium BCE. Delhi is also widely believed to have been the site of Indraprastha, the legendary capital of the Pandavas during the times of the Mahabharata. Delhi re-emerged as a major political, cultural and commercial city along the trade routes between northwest India and the Gangetic plain after the rise of the Delhi sultanates. It is the site of many ancient and medieval monuments, archaeological sites and remains.
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Dubai
Dubai (/duːˈbaɪ/ doo-BY; Arabic: دبيّ Dubeii; IPA: [du'beii]) is an emirate within the United Arab Emirates (UAE). A city within the emirate is also named Dubai. The emirate is located south east of the Persian Gulf on the Arabian Peninsula and has the largest population with the second-largest land territory by area of all the emirates, after Abu Dhabi. Dubai and Abu Dhabi are the only two emirates to have veto power over critical matters of national importance in the country's legislature. Dubai City is located on the emirate's northern coastline.
The earliest mention of Dubai is in 1095, and the earliest settlement known as Dubai town dates from 1799. Dubai was formally established in 1833 by Sheikh Maktoum bin Buti al Maktoum when he persuaded 800 members of the Bani Yas tribe, living in what is now part of Saudi Arabia, to follow him to the Dubai Creek by the Al Abu Falasa clan of Bani Yas. It remained under clan control when the United Kingdom assumed the protection of Dubai in 1892. Its geographical location made it an important trading hub and by the beginning of the 20th century, it was an important port.
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England
England
i/ˈɪŋɡlənd/ is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, while the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separate it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period, but it takes its name from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in AD 927, and since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century, has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world. The English language, the Anglican Church, and English law—the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world—developed in England, and the country's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation. England's Royal Society laid the foundations of modern experimental science.
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Faisalabad
Faisalabad, (Urdu: فیصل آباد) formerly known as Lyallpur, is the third largest metropolis in Pakistan, the second largest in the province of Punjab after Lahore, and a major industrial center in the heart of Pakistan.
Nicknamed the Manchester of Asia, Faisalabad remains an important industrial city west of Lahore. The city-district of Faisalabad is bound on the north by the districts of Hafizabad and Chiniot, on the east by Nankana Sahib, on the south by Sahiwal, and Toba Tek Singh and on the west by Jhang.
The city is at a road and railway junction, which has played an influential role in the development of Faisalabad's trade and economy. The surrounding countryside, irrigated by the Lower Chenab River, has seen expanded production of cotton, wheat, sugarcane, vegetables, and fruits, which form 55% of Pakistan's exports. The city is an industrial centre with major railway repair yards, engineering works, and mills that process sugar, flour, and oil seed. Produce includes superphosphates, cotton and silk textiles, hosiery, dyes, industrial chemicals, beverages, apparels, pulp and paper, printing, agricultural equipment, and ghee (clarified butter). Faisalabad is the site of the prestigious University of Agriculture, founded in 1909.
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Feroz Shah Kotla
The Feroz Shah Kotla (Hindi: फ़िरोज़ शाह कोटला, Punjabi: ਫ਼ਿਰੋਜ਼ ਸ਼ਾਹ ਕੋਟਲਾ, Urdu: فروز شاہ کوٹلا) or Kotla (Hindi: कोटला, Punjabi: ਕੋਟਲਾ, Urdu: کوٹلا) was a fortress built by Sultan Feroz Shah Tughlaq to house his version of Delhi city called Ferozabad. A pristine polished sandstone pillar from the 3rd century B.C. rises from the palace's crumbling remains, one of many pillars left by the Mauryan emperor Ashoka; it was moved from Ambala, Punjab (currently in Haryana) and re-erected in its current location in 1356.
Feroz Shah Tughlaq (r. 1351-88), the Sultan of Delhi, established the fortified city of Ferozabad in 1354, as the new capital of the Delhi Sultanate on the banks of Yamuna river, the site of the present Feroz Shah Kotla, literally Kotla (fortress or citadel) of Feroz Shah. Here he erected the Lat or Ashoka Column, attributed to Mauryan ruler Ashoka. The 13.1 metres high column, made of polished sandstone and dating from the 3rd Century BC, was brought from Ambala by Feroz Shah. Here it stands on the uppermost section of a three-tiered arcaded palace pavilion located near to the main royal residences and congregational mosque at heart of the fortified area. Most of the city was destroyed as subsequent rulers dismantled its buildings and reused the spolia as building materials.
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Gandhara
Gandhāra (Sanskrit: गन्धार Gandḥārā, Urdu: گندھارا Ghandhāra, Pashto: ګندارا, Punjabi: گندھارا, Persian: ویهیند) is the name of an ancient kingdom (Mahajanapada), located in modern day northern Pakistan and parts of eastern Afghanistan. Gandhara was located mainly in the vale of Peshawar, the Potohar plateau (see Taxila) and on the Kabul River. Its main cities were Purushapura (modern Peshawar), literally meaning "City of Man", Varmayana (modern Bamyan) and Takshashila (modern Taxila).
The Kingdom of Gandhara lasted from the early 1st millennium BC to the 11th century AD. It attained its height from the 1st century to the 5th century under the Buddhist Kushan Kings. The Hindu term Shahi is used by history writer Al-Biruni to refer to the ruling Hindu dynasty that took over from the Turki Shahi and ruled the region during the period prior to Muslim conquests of the 10th and 11th centuries. After it was conquered by Mahmud of Ghazni in 1021 CE, the name Gandhara disappeared. During the Muslim period the area was administered from Lahore or from Kabul. During Mughal times the area was part of Kabul province.
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Gujranwala
Gujranwala (Punjabi, Urdu: گوجرانوالہ ) is an industrial city in the north-east of the Punjab province. It is the 7th largest city in Pakistan with a population of approximately 2,661,360 as on 24 June 2011 (Extrapolated from a population of 1,415,711 in 2006 and a population of 2,569,090 on February 4, 2011). Gujranwala is located at 32.16° North, 74.18° East and is 226 metres (744 ft) above sea level. It shares borders with Ghakhar Mandi, Alipur Chatha, kamonke and some small towns and villages. Punjabi is the local language, but English and Urdu are also common, particularly in schools and offices. Due to extensive road and rail links the city has flourished within the manufacturing and agricultural markets. The city is on the Grand Trunk Road, which allows logistical connections to the provincial capitals such as Peshawar and Lahore and also to the capital of Pakistan Islamabad.It is in between Lahore and [Gujrat,Wazirabad]. its small and medium industries. Gujranwala is known for its extensive production of sugarcane, melons and grains for international export.Gujranwala exports one of the world's finest quality Rice. The city has set up several commercial and industrial centres allowing the manufacturing of ceramics,Fans,electrical switch gears,engineering tools,Agricultural/earth moving machinery, steel, cutlery, crockery, iron safes, metal tool, utensils, textiles,Wollen Sweaters, sanitary Fittings and tannery production. The city has produced some of the finest wrestlers and bodybuilders of the subcontinent, which has resulted in the nickname 'City of wrestlers' or Phelwana da shehar in Punjabi. The city is also the birthplace of the legendary Sikh warrior-king, Ranjit Singh.
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Gujrat
Gujrat (Punjabi, Urdu: گجرات) is a city in Pakistan. It is the capital of Gujrat District and the Gujrat Tehsil subdivision in the Punjab Province. The major sources of livelihood among the Gujrat populace are agriculture and small industries. Gujrat is also known as the city of King Porus.
Gujrat is situated on the bank of Chenab River, situated about 120 kilometres (75 mi) north of Lahore, the capital city of Punjab province, and 150 kilometres (93 mi) from Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan. Prominent nearby locations include Jalalpur Jattan, Jhelum, Gujranwala, Mandi Bahauddin, Sialkot, Lalamusa and Bhimber-Azad Kashmir. The city is surrounded by many villages and towns, which supply significant labour to the local market.
Gujrat was founded by Raja Bachhan Pal Gurjar in 460 BC, according to General Cunningham, the British historian. Historical consensus is that it existed in the time of Alexander the Great, and that the city's Raja Porus put up a fierce challenge to Alexander's invasion at the bank of the Jehlum River. The establishment of Gujrat City was realised early in the 19th century after the British Empire and in support of regional landlords (e.g., Daswandi Khan of Daswandi Pura).
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Gwadar Bay
Gwadar Bay is located in the Gulf of Oman on the maritime border of Pakistan and Iran. The name is from Persian, Khalij-e Gavader or 'Gulf of Gwadar' on Arabian Sea. It is an inlet of the Arabian Sea indenting the sandy Makran coast at the Iran–Pakistan border. It is about 20 miles (32 km) long and 10 miles (16 km) wide. The Dashtiari River flows into it from the northwest, and the Dasht River from the northeast. The town of Gwadar which have no severage system for the people and protection of the Bay, lies on the Arabian Sea coast about 30 miles (48 km) to the east of Gwadar Bay.
Coordinates: 25°02′N 62°19′E / 25.033°N 62.317°E / 25.033; 62.317
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India
India (i/ˈɪndiə/), officially the Republic of India (Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the south-west, and the Bay of Bengal on the south-east, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west;China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north-east; and Burma and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; in addition, India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.
Home to the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation and a region of historic trade routes and vast empires, the Indian subcontinent was identified with its commercial and cultural wealth for much of its long history. Four of the world's major religions—Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism—originated here, whereas Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam arrived in the 1st millennium CE and also helped shape the region's diverse culture. Gradually annexed by and brought under the administration of the British East India Company from the early 18th century and administered directly by the United Kingdom from the mid-19th century, India became an independent nation in 1947 after a struggle for independence that was marked by non-violent resistance led by Mahatma Gandhi.
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Kabul Shahi
The Shahi (Devanagari: शाही),Sahi, also called Shahiya dynasties ruled one of the Middle kingdoms of India which included portions of the Kabulistan and the old province of Gandhara (now in northern Pakistan), from the decline of the Kushan Empire in the 3rd century to the early 9th century. The kingdom was known as "Kabul Shahi" (Kabul-shāhān or Ratbél-shāhān in Persian کابلشاهان یا رتبیل شاهان) between 565 and 879CE when they had Kapisa and Kabul as their capitals, and later as Hindu Shahi when they moved their capital to Hund.
The Shahis of Kabul/Gandhara are generally divided into the two eras of the so-called Buddhist-Shahis and the so-called Hindu-Shahis, with the change-over thought to have occurred sometime around AD 870.
The confused accounts of 11th century Persian Muslim scholar Alberuni, ("which bear the impress of folklore for the early history of the Kabul Shahi rulers") state that:
Thus the folklore accounts recorded by Alberuni connect the earlier Shahis of Kabul/Kapisa to Turkish extraction and also claim their descent from Kanik (or Kanishaka of Kushana lineage). At the same time it is also claimed that 'their first king Barahatigin (Vrahitigin?) had originally come from Tibet and concealed in a narrow cave in Kabul area (and here is given a strange legend which we omit).' One can easily see the above account of Shahi origin as totally fanciful and fairy tale-like. These statements taken together are very confusing, inconsistent and bear the express marks of a folklore and vulgar tradition, hence unworthy of inspiring any confidence in the early history of Shahis. The allegation that the first dynasty of Kabul was Turki is plainly based on the vulgar tradition, which Alberuni himself remarked was clearly absurd.
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Karachi
Karachi ( Karācī (help·info), Urdu: کراچی; Sindhi: ڪراچي) is the largest city, main seaport and financial centre of Pakistan, as well as the capital of the province of Sindh. The city has an estimated population of 13 to 15 million, while the total metropolitan area has a population of over 13 million. Results in April 2012 of Pakistan's latest census initial tabulations show that the district is home to over 21 million people, at a density of nearly 6,000 people per square kilometer (15,500 per square mile). Karachi is the most populous city in the country, one of the world's largest cities in terms of population and also the 10th largest urban agglomeration in the world. It is Pakistan's premier centre of banking, industry, economic activity and trade and is home to Pakistan's largest corporations, including those involved in textiles, shipping, automotive industry, entertainment, the arts, fashion, advertising, publishing, software development and medical research. The city is a major hub of higher education in South Asia and the wider Muslim world.
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Kenya
Kenya ( /ˈkɛnjə/ or /ˈkiːnjə/), officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in East Africa that lies on the equator. With the Indian Ocean to its south-east, it is bordered by Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west, South Sudan to the north-west, Ethiopia to the north and Somalia to the north-east. Kenya has a land area of 580,000 km2 and a population of nearly 41 million, representing 42 different peoples and cultures. The country is named after Mount Kenya, a significant landmark and second among Africa's highest mountain peaks. Kenya's capital and largest city is Nairobi.
Kenya has a warm and humid climate along its coastline on the Indian Ocean which changes to wildlife-rich savannah grasslands moving inland towards the capital Nairobi. Nairobi has a cool climate that gets colder approaching Mount Kenya, which has three permanently snow-capped peaks. The warm and humid tropical climate reappears further inland towards lake Victoria, before giving way to temperate forested and hilly areas in the western region. The North Eastern regions along the border with Somalia and Ethiopia are arid and semi-arid areas with near-desert landscapes. Lake Victoria, the world's second largest fresh-water lake (after Lake Superior in the US and Canada) and the world's largest tropical lake, is situated to the southwest and is shared with Uganda and Tanzania. Kenya is famous for its safaris and diverse world-famous wildlife reserves such as Tsavo National Park, the Maasai Mara, Nakuru National Park, and Aberdares National Park.
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Lahore
Lahore (Punjabi: لہور, Urdu: لاہور) is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and the second largest city in the country. With a rich history dating back over a millennium, Lahore is a main cultural centre of Pakistan. One of the most densely populated cities in the world, Lahore remains an economic, political, transportation, entertainment, and educational hub.
Lahore successively served as regional capital of the empires of the Shahi kingdoms in the 11th century, the Ghaznavids in the 12th century, the Ghurid State in the 12th and 13th centuries the Mughal Empire in the 16th century, the Sikh expansion in the early 19th century, and it was the capital of the Punjab region under the British Raj in the mid 19th and early 20th century. The traditional capital of Punjab for a thousand years, Lahore was the cultural center of the northern Indian subcontinent which extends from the eastern banks of the Indus River to New Delhi. Mughal structures such as the Badshahi Mosque, the Lahore Fort, Shalimar Gardens, and the mausolea of Jehangir and Nur Jehan are tourist attractions. Lahore is also home to many British colonial structures built in the Indo-Saracenic style, such as the Lahore High Court, the General Post Office, Lahore Museum and many older universities including the University of the Punjab. The Lahore Zoo, thought to be the fourth oldest in the world, is also situated here.
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Mehrgarh
Mehrgarh (Brahui: Mehrgaŕh, Urdu: مہرگڑھ), one of the most important Neolithic (7000 BCE to c. 2500 BCE) sites in archaeology, lies on the "Kachi plain" of now Balochistan, Pakistan. It is one of the earliest sites with evidence of farming (wheat and barley) and herding (cattle, sheep and goats) in South Asia."
Mehrgarh is located near the Bolan Pass, to the west of the Indus River valley and between the now Pakistani cities of Quetta, Kalat and Sibi. The site was discovered in 1974 by an archaeological team directed by French archaeologist Jean-François Jarrige, and was excavated continuously between 1974 and 1986, and again from 1997 to 2000. The earliest settlement at Mehrgarh—in the northeast corner of the 495-acre (2.00 km2) site—was a small farming village dated between 7000 BCE to 5500 BCE and the whole area covers a number of successive settlements. Archaeological material has been found in six mounds, and about 32,000 artifacts have been collected.
Early Mehrgarh residents lived in mud brick houses, stored their grain in granaries, fashioned tools with local copper ore, and lined their large basket containers with bitumen. They cultivated six-row barley, einkorn and emmer wheat, jujubes and dates, and herded sheep, goats and cattle. Residents of the later period (5500 BCE to 2600 BCE) put much effort into crafts, including flint knapping, tanning, bead production, and metal working. The site was occupied continuously until about 2600 BCE. Mehrgarh is probably the earliest known center of agriculture in South Asia.
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Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire, Shahan-e-Gurkhani, Shahan-e-Mughal, Sultanate-e-Mughliya, Daulat-e-Mughliya (Persian: شاهان گورکانی Shāhān-e Gūrkānī; Urdu: مغلیہ سلطنت; self-designation: گوركانى Gūrkānī ), or Mogul (also Moghul) Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were direct descendants of Genghis Khan through Chagatai Khan and Timur. The Mughal Empire began in 1526; at the height of their power in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, they controlled most of the Indian Subcontinent—extending from Bengal in the east to Balochistan in the west, Kashmir in the north to the Kaveri basin in the south. According to "Babur-Nama", Kazakh tribal aristocracy along with number of other Turkic soldiers participated actively in the campaign of Babur, which made great influence over the development of Mughal Empire. Its population at that time has been estimated as between 110 and 150 million, over a territory of more than 3.2 million square kilometres (1.2 million square miles).
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Multan
Multan (Saraiki, Punjabi, Urdu: : مُلتان pronunciation (help·info)), is a city in the Punjab province of Pakistan.According to area its 3rd largest city of Pakistan,but according to population its on 5th number. It is located in the southern part of the province on the east bank of the Chenab River, more or less in the geographic centre of the country and about 562 km (349 mi) from Islamabad, 356 km (221 mi) from Lahore and 966 km (600 mi) from Karachi. Multan District has a population of 3.1 million (1998).
Multan is known as the City of Sufis or City of Saints and Madinah-Tul-Awleyah due to the large number of shrines and Sufi saints from the city. According to area its 3rd largest city of Pakistan,but according to population its on 3rd number. The city is full of bazaars, mosques, shrines and ornate tombs. Multan is also the birthplace of Fariduddin Ganjshakar popularly known as Baba Farid who is considered a father of Punjabi language and one of the pioneers in developing Shahmukhī script of Punjabi language which was later adopted by almost all Muslim saints and intellectuals in Punjab region and even in whole of India. Celebrated sufi saint of Punjab and North India Khwaja Ghulam Farid also adopted Shahmukhī script of Punjabi language to convey his teachings.Multan is located in a bend created by five rivers of central Pakistan. The Sutlej River separates it from Bahawalpur and the Chenab River from Muzaffar Garh. The city has grown to become an influential political and economical center for the country, with a dry port and excellent transport links. Multan is famous for its crops: wheat, cotton and sugar cane as well as mangoes, citrus, guavas and pomegranates.
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Niaz Stadium
The Niaz Stadium is a cricket ground in Hyderabad, Pakistan. The ground holds 7000 and hosted its first test match in 1973.
The first ever One day cricket hat-trick took place at this stadium. In addition, Pakistan has never lost any match, whether test or one day, on this ground.
Niaz Stadium, Hyderabad is situated in the heart of once the 2nd and now the 3rd most populous city of Pakistan. Hyderabad has been named after Niaz Ahmed the late sports loving commoner of Hyderabad who was the motivating factor for building this stadium. The complex is in front of the 3 star Indus Hotel. The inaugural first class match was played at Niaz Stadium between South Zone v Pakistan Education Board (PEB) on March 16-18, 1962. Niaz Stadium become the 32nd first class ground in Pakistan and 2nd in Hyderabad.
Only five Tests have so far been played at Hyderabad two each against England and New Zealand and one against India. The inaugural Test match at Hyderabad took place on March 16-21, 1973 against England, and it was left drawn after big scoring England picked up 487 with Dennis Amiss scoring 158. Pakistan in reply, did even better, compiling 569 before declaring after nine wickets had fallen. Mushtaq Mohammad hit 157 and Intikhab Alam 138. England played out time by hitting 218 for 6 wickets for the match to end in a draw.
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Pakistan
Pakistan (
i/ˈpækɨstæn/ or i/pɑːkiˈstɑːn/; Urdu: پاکستان) (Urdu pronunciation: [paːkɪˈst̪aːn] (
listen)), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Urdu: اسلامی جمہوریۂ پاکستان), is a sovereign country in South Asia. It sits at the crossroads of the strategically important regions of South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. It has a 1,046-kilometre (650 mi) coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west and north, Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast. It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north, and it shares a marine border with Oman.
The territory of modern Pakistan was the site of several ancient cultures, including the Neolithic Mehrgarh and the Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilisation, and has undergone invasions or settlements by Hindu, Persian, Indo-Greek, Islamic, Turco-Mongol, Afghan and Sikh cultures. Thus the area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties, including the Indian Mauryan Empire, the Persian Achaemenid Empire, the Arab Umayyad Caliphate, the Mongol Empire, the Mughal Empire, the Durrani Empire, the Sikh Empire and the British Empire. As a result of the Pakistan Movement led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah and India's struggle for independence, Pakistan was created in 1947 as an independent nation for Muslims from the regions in the east and west of India where there was a Muslim majority. Initially a dominion, Pakistan adopted a new constitution in 1956, becoming an Islamic republic. A civil war in 1971 resulted in the secession of East Pakistan as the new country of Bangladesh.
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Peshawar
Peshawar (Pashto: پېښور Pēx̌awar; Hindko: پيشور Pishōr; Urdu: پشاور Pishāwar; Persian: پیشاور P īshāwar; pronunciation (help·info)) is the capital of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (formerly known as NWFP), and the administrative centre and central economic hub for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan. Peshawar is situated in a large valley near the eastern end of the Khyber Pass. Known as "City on the Frontier", Peshawar's strategic location on the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia has made it one of the most culturally vibrant and lively cities in the greater region. Peshawar is irrigated by various canals of the Kabul River and by its right tributary, the Bara River.
Peshawar has evolved into one of Pakistan's most ethnically and linguistically diverse cities. In the last three decades, there has been a significant increase in urban population, in part due to internal migration of people in search of better employment opportunities, education, and services, and in part because of the influx of Afghan refugees and other people displaced by military operations and civil unrest in neighboring regions. Peshawar is the major educational, political and business center of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
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Pindi Club Ground
Pindi Club Ground is a multi-use stadium in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. It is currently used mostly for cricket matches. The stadium holds 15,000 people and hosted its first and only Test Match in 1965.
Coordinates: 33°35′29.03″N 73°03′07.57″E / 33.5913972°N 73.0521028°E / 33.5913972; 73.0521028
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Pothohar Plateau
The Pothohar Plateau (also spelled Pothwar, Potowar or Potohar) (Urdu: سطح مرتفع پوٹھوہار) is a plateau in north-eastern Pakistan, between north Punjab and the western parts of Azad Kashmir. The area was the home of the Soanian Culture, which is evidenced by the discovery of fossils, tools, coins, and remains of ancient archaeological sites. The local Potwari people speak the Potwari language, while Hindko, Punjabi and Pashto are spoken by smaller populations.
Potohar Plateau is bounded on the east by the Jhelum River, on the west by the Indus River, on the north by the Kala Chitta Range and the Margalla Hills, and on the south by the Salt Range. The Kāla Chitta Range thrusts eastward across the plateau toward Rawalpindi; the valleys of the Haro and Soan rivers cross the plateau from the eastern foothills to the Indus. The ramparts of the Salt Range stretching from east to west in the south separate Potohar from the Punjab Plain. The Pothohar Plateau includes the current four districts of Jhelum, Chakwal, Rawalpindi, Attock. The terrain is undulating. The Kala Chitta Range rises to an average height of 450-900 metres (3,000 ft) and extends for about 72 kilometres (45 mi). The Swaan River starts from nearby Murree and ends near Kalabagh in the Indus river. Sakesar is the highest mountain of this region.
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Quetta
Quetta (Pashto: کوټه, Urdu: کوئٹہ pronunciation (help·info)) is the largest city and the provincial capital of the Balochistan Province of Pakistan. Known as the Fruit Garden of Balochistan due to the diversity of its plant and animal wildlife, Quetta is home to the Hazarganji Chiltan National Park, which contains rare wildlife.
The city is situated at an average elevation of 1,680 meters (5,500 ft) above sea level, making it Pakistan's only high-altitude major city. Located in a river valley, Quetta derives its name from the Pashto word "Kuwatta", which means "a fort".
Sitting near the Durand Line border with Afghanistan and close to Kandahar province, Quetta is a trade and communications center between the two countries as well as an important military location which occupies a strategic position for the Pakistani Armed Forces. The city lies on the Bolan Pass route which was once the only gateway to and from South Asia. Due to its proximity to Afghanistan and Central Asia, the city is a major stronghold along the western frontier of the country.
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Rawalpindi
Rawalpindi (Urdu: راولپنڈی,Rāwalpindī), locally known as Pindi, is a city in the Pothohar region of Pakistan near Pakistan's capital city of Islamabad, in the province of Punjab. Rawalpindi is the fourth largest city in Pakistan after Karachi, Lahore and Faisalabad. In the 1950s, Rawalpindi was smaller than Hyderabad and Multan, but the city's economy received a boost during the building of Islamabad (1959–1969), during which time Rawalpindi served as the national capital and its population increased from 180,000 at the time of independence to over 4.5 million in 2007.[citation needed] Rawalpindi is located in the northernmost part of the Punjab province, 275 km (171 mi) to the north-west of Lahore. It is the administrative seat of the Rawalpindi District. The total area of the city is approximately 154 square kilometres (59 sq mi). Rawalpindi is the military headquarters of the Pakistani Armed Forces.
Rawalpindi, named after Raja Pindi, is a bustling city on the northernmost part of the Punjab province, strategically located between the NWFP and Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Many tourists use the city as a stop before traveling towards the northern areas. Rawalpindi is also a prime destination for the expatriate community of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Numerous shopping bazaars, parks and a cosmopolitan population attract shoppers from all over Pakistan and abroad. The city is home to several industries and factories. Islamabad International Airport is actually located in Rawalpindi and serves both cities.
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Sahiwal
Sahiwal (Urdu: ساہیوال) is a city in Punjab, Pakistan. It is the administrative centre of Sahiwal District and Sahiwal Division. Sahiwal is approximately 180 km from the major city Lahore and is the city between Lahore and Multan. The population is 207,388 (1998 Pakistan Census).
A small village on the Karachi-Lahore railway line during 1865 was named Montgomery after Sir Robert Montgomery, then Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab. was made the capital of the Montgomery District. It was renamed Sahiwal in 1967 after the Sahi clan of Kharal Jatt who were the inhabitants of this area.
The city is in the densely populated region between the Sutlej and Ravi rivers. The principal crops are wheat, cotton, tobacco, legumes, potato and oilseeds. Cotton goods and lacquered woodwork are manufactured.
Sahiwal is twinned with the town of Rochdale, in Greater Manchester, North West England. There is a direction sign in Rochdale's town centre pointing in Sahiwal's direction with "Sahiwal 3960 miles" written on it.[citation needed]
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Salt Range
The Salt Range is a hill system in the Punjab province of Pakistan, deriving its name from its extensive deposits of rock salt. The range extends from the Jhelum River to the Indus, across the northern portion of the Punjab province. The Salt Range contains the great mines of Mayo, Khewra, Warcha and Kalabagh, which yield vast supplies of salt. Coal of a medium quality is also found.
Two interesting sites are close to Kathwai, Kutte Mar and Tulaja fort. At Kuttee Mar to the Northeast of Kathwai are Muslim graves made of Kangar and the purported grave of a dog that is said to have died defending the wedding procession of its owner from an attack by bandits. Kutte Mar may have been the place where the Khura inscription of Toramana was found (Buhler 1891-92, 238-41; Sircar 1965: 422-4). If this assessment is correct, a Buddhist monastery was established here around 500. A.D. This inscription and another fragmentary inscription found at Sakaser (Pakistan Archaeology 5, 1968: 284-70) confirm that this area was a flourishing, centre for Buddhism, which is borne out by the extensive archaeological remains.
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Sargodha
Sargodha (Urdu: سرگودھا) is a major city in the Sargodha District of Punjab province, Pakistan sargodha is the 9th largest city of pakistan and 5th largest of punjab.
Sargodha is located in the northwest of Pakistan. It is the twelfth largest city of Pakistan and also known as Pakistan's best citrus-producing area. It is an agricultural trade centre with various industries. Sargodha is one of the few planned cities in Pakistan, the other being Gwadar, Jauharabad, Dera Ghazi Khan, Faisalabad and Islamabad.
Pakistan's largest airbase, PAF Base Mushaf (formerly PAF Base Sargodha), is situated in Sarghoda and hosts the headquarters of the Pakistan Air Force's Central Air Command. The airbase is also home to the Combat Commanders School (CCS), formerly the Fighter Leader's School, an elite training facility for training Pakistan Air Force pilots in fighter tactics and weapons. The city is also home to Sargodha Medical College.
The term Sargodha has its origins in the words Sar, meaning pond (Talab), and Godha, meaning sadhu(Baba).
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Sheikhupura
Sheikhupura or Shekhupur (Urdu: شيخوپورہ), formerly Kot Dayal Das (کوٹ دیال داس) or Singhpuria (سنگھپوریہ) or Virkgarh (ورک گڑھ), is an industrial city in the province of Punjab slightly northwest to Lahore in Pakistan. It is known for its historical places, and is commonly known locally as Qila Shaikhupura, because of the fort in the city, constructed by the Mughal Emperor Jahangir. The name Sheikhupura is derived from a nickname of Jahangir, who was known as Sheikhu by his father Akbar the Great. The city is the headquarters of Sheikhupura District and is approximately 35 km from Lahore. The original name of Virkgarh was renamed by Jahangir.
The city was renamed Singhpuria in Sikh rule, and had a large Sikh population prior to Partition in 1947, Gurudwaras are seen throughout the city.
The history of Virkgarh/Sheikhupura goes back to 100 BC. Historical research has established the fact that Sangla or Sakala was the capital of Punjab once, and it was here that Alexander the Great of Macedonia (known locally as Sikandar e Azam) fought one of his most serious battles of his career. Its name is spoken of, firstly in the pages of Tuzk-e-Jahangiri as Jahangirpura, after the name of Prince Salim Nur u Din Muhammad Jahangir. The fourth Mughal emperor of India named Jahangir changed the name of the city from Virkgarh to Sheikhupura after converting the majority of the population to Islam. This area belongs to the virk Jats. Virk jats created a fort in the vicinity of current day Sheikhupura and called it VirkGarh., i.e. "citadel of the Virks"
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Sheikhupura Stadium
Sheikhupura Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Sheikhupura, Pakistan. It is currently used mostly for cricket matches. The stadium holds 15,000 people and hosted its first test match in 1996, when Pakistan played Zimbabwe there. This was followed by another test a year later between Pakistan and South Africa.
Sheikhupura Stadium has hosted two one-day internationals so far, both between Pakistan and Zimbabwe, both teams winning a match.
Coordinates: 31°42′29″N 73°58′30″E / 31.708°N 73.975°E / 31.708; 73.975
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Sialkot
Sialkot (Punjabi, Urdu: سیالکوٹ) is located in Pakistan in the north-east of the Punjab province at the foothills of snow-covered peaks of Kashmir near the Chenab river. It is the capital of Sialkot District. The city is about 125 km (78 mi) north-west of Lahore The recorded history of Sialkot covers thousands of years. Sialkot has, since its foundation, changed hands from Hindu, Buddhist, Persian, Greek, Afghan, Turk, Sikh, Mughal and British rule to that of present-day Pakistan.
There are various sources tracing the origins of the city of Sialkot but the authenticity of many of these sources varies. Excavations throughout the area have revealed large amounts of Greek coins, ancient Zoroastrian temples and several Buddhist stupas. The antiquities of Sialkot have also been discussed by Sir Alexander Cunningham in his Archaeological Survey Reports, II, 21, 22, and XIV, 44 to 47.
According to the Greek historical texts, which bring mention of the city of Sialkot dating back to before 327 BC when the city was known as Sagala, it represented the eastern-most outpost and expansion of the Hellenic Empire created by Alexander the Great which has been cross-correlated to ancient Greek maps of the era and several monuments found in the Sialkot District. The Greek historians state that the city was one of the most productive Silk regions of the Achaemenid Empire. Sákala or Sagala was the capital, or one of the capitals, of the Indo-Greek Kingdom which broke-away from the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom during the Euthydemid Dynasty
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Sistan Basin
The Sistan Basin is an inland endorheic basin encompassing large parts of southwestern Afghanistan and southeastern Iran, one of the driest regions in the world and an area subjected to prolonged droughts. Its watershed is a system of rivers flowing from the highlands of Afghanistan into freshwater lakes and marshes and then to its ultimate destination: Afghanistan's saline Godzareh depression, part of the extensive Sistan terminal basin. The Helmand River drains the basin's largest watershed, fed mainly by snowmelt from the mountains of Hindu Kush, but other rivers contribute also.
A basalt hill, known as Mount Khajeh, rises beside the lakes and marshes of the basin.
The lowest part of the Sistan Basin contains a series of shallow lakes, known as hamuns. It appears that in the past there was a single Hamun Lake, but there are now three separate lakes. From north to south the lakes are:
The Hamun-e Puzak lies mostly in Afghanistan. It receives water from the Shelah Charkh channel of the Helmand River, and also from the Khash River and other small rivers.
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Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (i/ʃriː ˈlɑːŋkə/, /sriːˈlɑːŋkə/, or /sriːˈlæŋkə/;Sinhala: ශ්රී ලංකාව, Tamil: இலங்கை), is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent in South Asia. Known until 1972 as Ceylon ( /sɨˈlɒn/, /seɪˈlɒn/, or /siːˈlɒn/), Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar, the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the Maldives.
As a result of its location in the path of major sea routes, Sri Lanka is a strategic naval link between West Asia and South East Asia. It was an important stop on the ancient Silk Road. Sri Lanka has also been a center of the Buddhist religion and culture from ancient times, being the nation where the Buddhist teachings were first written down as well as the oldest continually Buddhist country. Sri Lanka boasts a diverse range of cultures, languages and religions. The Sinhalese people form the majority of the population; Tamils, who are concentrated in the north and east of the island, form the largest ethnic minority. Other communities include Moors, Burghers, Kaffirs, Malays and the aboriginal Vedda people.
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The Oval
The Oval, referred to as the Kia Oval due to a commercial sponsorship deal, is an international cricket ground in Kennington, in the London Borough of Lambeth. In the past it was also sometimes called the Kennington Oval. In past years it was officially named as the 'Fosters Oval', 'AMP Oval', 'Brit Insurance Oval', due to previous commercial sponsorship deals.
The Oval is the home ground of Surrey County Cricket Club, and also traditionally hosts the final Test match of each English summer season in late August or early September. The Oval was the first ground in the United Kingdom and second in the world (after the Melbourne Cricket Ground) to host Test cricket.
The nearest Tube station is Oval, but Vauxhall is only half a mile away.
In 1844, Kennington Oval was a market garden. The Oval was then (and still is) owned by the Duchy of Cornwall. Surrey County Cricket Club was set up in 1845. The Duchy was willing to grant a lease of the land for the purpose of a cricket ground, and, on 10 March 1845, the club signed a lease with the Otter Trustees, who held the land from the Duchy of Cornwall, 'to convert it into a subscription cricket ground', for 31 years at a rent of £120 per annum plus taxes (£20 more). The original contract for turfing the Oval cost £300; 10,000 grass turfs came from Tooting Common.
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United Arab Emirates
The United Arab Emiratesi/juːˌnaɪtɨd ˌærəb ˈɛmɪrɨts/ (Arabic: دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة, Al Imārāt al ‘Arabīyah al Muttaḥidah), sometimes simply called the Emirates or the UAE, is a country situated in the southeast of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman to the east and Saudi Arabia to the south, as well as sharing sea borders with Qatar to the west and Iran to the north.
The UAE is a federation of seven emirates (equivalent to principalities), each governed by a hereditary emir, with a single national president. The constituent emirates are Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras al-Khaimah, Sharjah, and Umm al-Quwain. The capital is Abu Dhabi, which is also the state's center of political, industrial, and cultural activities.
Prior to independence in 1971, the UAE was known as the Trucial States or Trucial Oman, in reference to a 19th-century truce between the local sheikhs, hereditary rulers of the territories, and the United Kingdom. The term Pirate Coast was also used by some to refer to the emirates from the 18th to the early 20th century, owing to the preponderance of pirates operating from Emirati ports.
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Adnan Akmal
Adnan Akmal (Urdu: عدنان اکمل), born March 13, 1985, is a Pakistani cricketer. He is a right-handed batsman and wicket-keeper who plays for Zarai Taraqiati Bank Ltd Cricket Team and has represented his country at U-17 level. Most recently, he was called up for Pakistan's tour against South Africa in the UAE, as a replacement for the first choice keeper, Zulqarnain Haider. His brothers, Kamran Akmal and Umar Akmal, both have central contracts with the Pakistan Cricket Board, and are regular fixtures in the national side. Adnan made his Test debut against South Africa on November 12, 2010.
Adnan was added to the Pakistan Test squad in place of Zulqarnain Haider, who announced his retirement from international cricket after allegedly receiving threats from bookies. In the series against New Zealand he performed well to occupy his place in the future. He is regular part of test side now.
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Ahmed Shehzad
Ahmed Shehzad (born 23 November 1991) is a Pakistani cricketer. He plays domestic cricket for Habib Bank Limited. He made his One Day International debut for Pakistan on 24 April 2009 against Australia.
In limited-overs domestic cricket Ahmed Shehzad plays for Lahore Lions and in June 2011 during the Faysal Bank T-20 Super Eights Shehzad top scored the innings by scoring 74 of 47 balls imposing a mammoth total of 218 against the opposition Sialkot Stallions who in turn were bowled out for 173 Shehzad took two-catches and a wicket as well he was rewarded man-of the match for his superb performances.
Shehzad made his debut for Pakistan in a one-day international against Australia on 29 April 2009. In his maiden match he scored one boundary before he was run-out. The following match he scored 40 in an innings that included 4 fours. The third match he scored 43 but this time just scored 2 fours and in the final match of the series he scored 19 with 1 boundary to his name before he was given out leg-before.
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Aizaz Cheema
Aizaz bin Ilyas Cheema known as Aizaz Cheema (born: 5 September 1979, Sargodha) is an international cricketer from Pakistan.
In November, Cheema was part of the team at the Asian Games in Guangzhou, China that won a bronze medal by beating Sri Lanka in the 3rd place playoffs.
When Pakistan toured Zimbabwe in September for a Test three ODIs and two T20Is, the national selectors took the opportunity to give inexperienced players an opportunity. Frontline bowlers Wahab Riaz and Umar Gul were rested and Cheema was chosen as part of the squad. On 1 September he made his Test debut against Zimbabwe; Pakistan's fast bowlers in the match were inexperienced at international level, with just one Test cap between them. Pakistan won the match and coach Waqar Younis praised Cheema's performance, saying he "bowled with fire and aggression". His first wicket was that of bowler Ray Price. Cheema took eight wickets in the match for 103 runs, the second best bowling figures by a Pakistan player on Test debut. Pakistan won the subsequent ODI series 3–0; Cheema made his debut in the series and his figures of 3/36 were the joit fourth best by a Pakistan bowler in his first ODI. Cheema was the leading wicket-taker in the series with eight dismissals, with best figures of 4/43. His haul for the series was the second most for a Pakistan bowler in a three-match away series.
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Alastair Cook
Alastair Nathan Cook, MBE (born 25 December 1984) is an English international cricket player. He is a left-handed opening batsman who plays county cricket for Essex and International cricket for England, where he is their ODI captain. Cook played for Essex's Academy and made his debut for the first XI in 2003. He has played in a variety of England's youth teams from 2000 until his call up to the Test side in 2006.
While touring in the West Indies with the ECB National Academy, Cook was called up to the England national team in India as a last-minute replacement for Marcus Trescothick and debuted with a century. Debuting at 21 years of age, Cook went on to become the youngest Englishman to reach 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, 4,000, 5,000 and 6,000 test runs, making centuries in his first Test matches against India, Pakistan, the West Indies and Bangladesh. He is also the only Englishman to score seven Test centuries before his 23rd birthday.
Despite this prodigious flurry of runs, Cook came under criticism throughout 2008 for a lack of centuries; he replied in 2009 with two centuries, as well as a score of 95 against Australia to help seal England's first victory against them at Lord's since 1934. He took seven catches in the series, including the final wicket, to win the 2009 Ashes series. After deputising as Test captain in 2010, Cook went on to play another pivotal role in retaining the 2010-11 Ashes series, breaking records by scoring the second highest number of runs in a Test series by an Englishman, including his maiden first-class double-hundred and two further hundreds, and batting for over 35 hours during the series.
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Asad Shafiq
Asad Shafiq (Urdu: اسد شفیق, born 28 January 1986 in Karachi) is a Pakistani international cricketer. A right-hand batsman and occasional leg-break bowler, he made his One Day International debut against Bangladesh in the Asia Cup on 21 June 2010.
He has played for Karachi Whites, Karachi Blues, Karachi Dolphins, Karachi Zebras, North West Frontier Province and Sind.
Shafiq made his International debut against Bangladesh in the 2010 Asia Cup at the Rangiri Dambulla International Stadium he scored 17 runs from 19 balls and was stumped by Mushfiqur Rahim in what was a dead rubber as neither side could progress to the final. Shafiq was next selected when three Pakistani players were involved in Spot-fixing allegations the three players Mohammad Aamer, Mohammad Asif and test captain Salman Butt Shafiq was selected along side fast bowler emerging fast-bowler Mohammad Irfan. He got his maiden fifty in ODI cricket against England on the 12th of September 2010.
On the back of his good performances during the tour he was selected to play in the five-match ODI series against South Africa and a two-match test series against them as well He was promoted to opener in the first two ODI's and struggled in the role, therefore he was moved down the order to his preferred number 4 position just below Younis Khan, Shafiq excelled in that position and displayed his talent as a batsman. He was however rested for the final ODI in place of veteran Mohammad Yousuf.
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Awais Zia
Awais Zia (Urdu: اويس ضياء; born September 1, 1986 in Bhaun, Chakwal, Punjab) is a Pakistani cricketer. He is primarily an opening batsman who can bowl right arm off spin.
As a youngster, Zia got introduced to the game playing street cricket in his village of Bhaun, before playing club cricket in Chakwal. Zia was encouraged to attend local trials, where he came to the attention of Jhelum coaches, who offered him a place in the Jhelum team. He accepted their offer and started playing for Jhelum district and then Grade 2 cricket, before finally getting his chance in first class cricket for the Rawalpindi cricket team in 2007.
He has played 35 first-class and 19 list-A matches. He has also played 22 Twenty20 matches representing the Rawalpindi Rams, who made it to the final of the Faysal Bank T-20 Cup in 2011 where Awais delivered a fitting start to their chase of 181 - it ended in a 10-run defeat, but Awais smashed 32 in just 13 balls while opening the batting. That potential to make an impact at the top of the order won him his first international stint.
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Azhar Ali
Azhar Ali (Urdu: اظہر علی, born 19 February 1985 in Lahore, Punjab) is a Pakistani international cricketer.
He made his Test debut for Pakistan against Australia in the first Test at Lord's in July 2010. Azhar is one of the few Pakistani cricketers (after the introduction of ODI) to play a test before ODI.
He is a right-hand batsman and an occasional leg-break bowler who has played for Lahore, Lahore Blues, Lahore Whites, Abbottabad, Khan Research Laboratories, Punjab and Huntly (Scotland) during his career.
Following the exclusion of middle-order stalwarts Younus Khan and Mohammad Yousuf from the Pakistani team in 2010, Ali was drafted into the lineup for the Test series against Australia and England in July 2010. He made his debut against Australia in July, along with Umar Amin; Azhar scored 17 runs in his debut innings before he was caught behind by Tim Paine. In the second innings, he scored 42 as Pakistan lost the match by 150 runs. In the second Test match against Australia, he scored 30 runs in the first innings, followed by his maiden half century in the second as Pakistan recorded their first Test victory over the Australians in fifteen years. He struggled in the first two Tests against England, recording a 32-ball duck during a the second match as Pakistan were bundled out for 72. Following these disastrous collapses Mohammad Yousuf was recalled to the squad and Amin lost his place, but Azhar was given another opportunity and found his feet in the third Test, scoring an unbeaten 92.
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Billy Doctrove
Billy Raymond Doctrove (born 3 July 1955, Marigot, Dominica, Windward Islands) is a former international football referee, but is best known as an international cricket umpire.
During his time as a referee Doctrove took charge of several international matches, including a World Cup qualifier between Guyana and Grenada in 1996. Despite retiring from international refereeing in 1997 he is still a keen follower of world and English football, supporting Liverpool F.C. and being nicknamed Toshack, after the ex-Liverpool striker. He is also President of the Dominican Football Referees Association, and President of the Windward Islands Cricket Umpires Association.
After retiring from football refereeing in 1997 Doctrove was able to concentrate more on his career as a first-class umpire. In April 1998 the West Indies Cricket Board appointed Doctrove to his first One Day International (ODI), the match between West Indies and England at Kingstown, St. Vincent. In that match he stood alongside Steve Bucknor.
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Bob Woolmer
Robert Andrew Woolmer (14 May 1948 – 18 March 2007) was an international cricketer, professional cricket coach and also a professional commentator. He played in 19 Test matches and 6 One Day Internationals for England and later coached South Africa, Warwickshire and Pakistan.
On 18 March 2007, Woolmer died suddenly in Jamaica, just a few hours after the Pakistan team's unexpected elimination at the hands of Ireland in the 2007 Cricket World Cup. Shortly afterwards, Jamaican police announced that they were opening a murder investigation into Woolmer's death. In November 2007, a jury in Jamaica recorded an open verdict on Woolmer's death, after deciding that there was insufficient evidence of either a criminal act or natural causes.
Woolmer was born in the hospital across the road from the cricket ground in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, in India. His father was the cricketer Clarence Woolmer, who represented United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh) in the Ranji Trophy. Woolmer went to school in Kent, first at Yardley Court in Tonbridge and then The Skinners' School in Tunbridge Wells. When he was 15, Colin Page, the coach and captain of the Kent second XI, converted him from an off-spinner to a medium pace bowler.
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Chaminda Vaas
Warnakulasuriya Patabendige Ushantha Joseph Chaminda Vaas (Sinhala: වර්නකුලසුරිය පටබැන්දිගේ උශාන්ත ජොසප් චමින්ද වාස්) (born 27 January 1974 in Mattumagala), usually known as Chaminda Vaas, is a former Sri Lankan cricketer is regarded as the best fast bowler to have come out of the country. He has been described as the 'most penetrative and successful new-ball bowler Sri Lanka have had'. In 2004 he gained recognition for his talent when he was selected for the World Test and one-day XI at the inaugural ICC Awards. He was once again selected for the World Test XI at the 2005 awards. At a Start of a New Spell, he would tell the umpire; "Left arm Without Pace"
He is a left arm swing bowler. Vaas used to open the bowling for Sri Lanka and is noted for his in-dipper. Also among his arsenal is an off cutter which is well disguised. He has added reverse-swing to his armoury, a skill that has made him a consistent wicket-taker even on bland subcontinental pitches. Although his pace has dropped over the years, he has masterful control of line and length. Vaas is also a useful batsman down the order, and has reached 3,000 Test runs, including 13 Test half-centuries and a century. Only 11 bowlers in Test history to have taken 200 wickets have scored more runs than Vaas [1]. As a fielder, he is noted for his strong arm.
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Chetan Sharma
Chetan Sharma pronunciation (help·info) (born 3 January 1966) was a medium pace bowler who represented India at cricket.
Sharma was coached by Desh Prem Azad, a Dronacharya Award winner, who was also the mentor of Kapil Dev. Despite being only 5' 3" tall, the bearded Sharma was one of the fastest bowlers in India during the 1980s.
He made his first class debut for Haryana at the age of 16 and appeared in One Day Internationals a year later. Making his first appearance in Tests against Pakistan at Lahore in 1984, he bowled Mohsin Khan with his fifth ball - becoming the third Indian to take a wicket in his first over in Test cricket. He took fourteen wickets in the three Tests in Sri Lanka in 1985. Later that season in Australia, with India needing a win in the last match of the league to qualify for the final of the World Series Cup, he played a match-winning innings of 38*.
Sharma was an important member of the Indian team that defeated England 2-0 in 1986. He took sixteen wickets in the two Tests that he played. He took 10 wickets at Birmingham, including a career best 6 for 58 in the second innings. It remains the only ten wicket haul by an Indian in England. Though only twenty at this time, he picked up frequent injuries which restricted his career. When available, he was the first choice as the opening bowler with Kapil Dev for the next three years.
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Darrell Hair
Darrell Bruce Hair (born 30 September 1952 in Mudgee, New South Wales) is an Australian former Test match cricket umpire, from New South Wales. He stood on the Emirates International panel of umpires from 2002 to 2003, before he, along with fellow Australian Simon Taufel, and New Zealander Billy Bowden, was appointed to the ICC Elite umpire panel. After an ICC board meeting discussed his actions in a Test match between Pakistan and England in 2006 it was decided he should not umpire matches involving the test playing nations. He was restored to the Elite Panel by the ICC on 12 March 2008 and stood in the England v New Zealand tests at Old Trafford in May and Trent Bridge in June 2008. However, he still remains a controversial figure in cricket.
Hair umpired his first Test match in January 1992, between Australia and India in Adelaide. The test was won by Australia and according to the Wisden was “marred … by controversy lbw decisions – eight times Indians were given out, while all but two of their own appeals were rejected”. Hair's umpiring partner was Peter McConnell, who was standing in his last Test match.
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Dav Whatmore
Davenell Frederick Whatmore (born 16 March 1954, Colombo, Sri Lanka) is a former international cricketer who represented Australia. He had a very short international career from March 1979 to January 1980 in which he played just seven Test matches and one One Day International. At first-class level, he scored over 6,000 runs for Victoria.
Whatmore was born in Ceylon (now known as Sri Lanka) and was educated at Royal Preparatory College, Colombo. He and his family migrated to Australia in 1962.Thereafter he lived in Mentone, a suburb of Melbourne and studied at Mentone Grammar School.
Whatmore retired from professional cricket in 1988/89 to pursue a career in coaching. He coached Sri Lanka in two separate spells, during the first of which he won the 1996 Cricket World Cup. In between those spells, he coached Lancashire where he won the National League in 1998 and 1999, and the NatWest Trophy in 1998.
From 2003 to 2007, he had been coaching Bangladesh. Under his coaching, Bangladesh enjoyed relative success, coming from a side that could rarely win matches at all, to a team that can occasionally surprise even the most powerful cricket countries. Whatmore coached them to their first Test match victory early in 2005. Bangladesh shocked the cricket world later that year with a victory over then top ranked Australia and then South Africa when they were top ranked during the 2007 World Cup, where they also defeated India to reach the Super 8 stage. Whatmore announced his resignation from the Bangladeshi team after the conclusion of their matches at the 2007 World Cup. He stayed on until the conclusion of their home series against India on May 29.
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Fazal Mahmood
Fazal Mahmood (18 February 1927 – 30 May 2005) was a Pakistani cricketer, regarded as the finest pace bowler of his country's early years. He played in 34 Test matches and took 139 wickets at a bowling average of 24.70. The first Pakistani to pass 100 wickets, he reached the landmark in his 22nd match.
Fazal played his earliest first-class cricket for Northern India in the Ranji Trophy and strong performances there led to selection for India's inaugural tour of Australia in 1947–48. The partition of India prior to the tour led Fazal, a Muslim, to withdraw and choose Pakistan. He played a major role in first gaining Test status for the new nation and then establishing them as a Test match team. He took ten wickets in a Test on four occasions; those against India, England and Australia coming in Pakistan's maiden victories over those teams. Fazal's most memorable performance came on the 1954 tour of England, when he had a leading role as Pakistan won at The Oval to square the series. He took match figures of 12/99, including 6/46 in the second innings as England collapsed chasing a target of 168.
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Gandhara
Gandhāra (Sanskrit: गन्धार Gandḥārā, Urdu: گندھارا Ghandhāra, Pashto: ګندارا, Punjabi: گندھارا, Persian: ویهیند) is the name of an ancient kingdom (Mahajanapada), located in modern day northern Pakistan and parts of eastern Afghanistan. Gandhara was located mainly in the vale of Peshawar, the Potohar plateau (see Taxila) and on the Kabul River. Its main cities were Purushapura (modern Peshawar), literally meaning "City of Man", Varmayana (modern Bamyan) and Takshashila (modern Taxila).
The Kingdom of Gandhara lasted from the early 1st millennium BC to the 11th century AD. It attained its height from the 1st century to the 5th century under the Buddhist Kushan Kings. The Hindu term Shahi is used by history writer Al-Biruni to refer to the ruling Hindu dynasty that took over from the Turki Shahi and ruled the region during the period prior to Muslim conquests of the 10th and 11th centuries. After it was conquered by Mahmud of Ghazni in 1021 CE, the name Gandhara disappeared. During the Muslim period the area was administered from Lahore or from Kabul. During Mughal times the area was part of Kabul province.
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Hammad Azam
Hammad Azam (born March 16, 1991 in Attock) is a Pakistani cricketer.
An all-rounder, Azam made his first-class debut in 2008 for Rawalpindi. He had played just six first-class games before being selected in the Pakistan squad for the U-19 World Cup in New Zealand.
His performance in the tournament was impressive, scoring 173 runs in six matches and getting dismissed only once. His unbeaten 92 against West Indies in the semi-final guided Pakistan to the final of the tournament. He was immediately selected in the Pakistan squad for the Twenty20 International against Australia.
On 23 April 2011, Azam along with Mohammad Salman and Junaid Khan made their one day international debuts against West Indies in St. Lucia. On 25 April 2011, Azam took his first wicket in the second Digicel ODI against West Indies in St.Lucia.
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Hanif Mohammad
Hanif Mohammad (Urdu: حنیف محمد) (born 21 December 1934 in Junagadh) is a former Pakistan cricketer. He played for the Pakistani cricket team in 55 Test matches between 1952/53 and 1969/70 and averaged 43.98, with twelve hundreds.
The highest of Hanif's Test centuries was a famous 337 made against West Indies in a six-day test at Bridgetown in 1957/58. After Pakistan found itself following on from a first-innings deficit of 473 runs on the afternoon of the third day, Hanif spent more than sixteen hours at the crease compiling his runs, allowing Pakistan to draw the game. It remains the longest innings in Test history (and stood as the longest in all first-class cricket for over 40 years). It is the only Test match instance of a triple century in a team's second innings. Displays such as this earned him the nickname "Little Master".
In 1958/59, he surpassed Don Bradman's record for the highest individual first-class innings. Hanif made 499 before being run out attempting his five hundredth run; this mark stood for more than 35 years before being eclipsed by Brian Lara in 1994. In all he made 55 first-class centuries and finished with a strong first-class career average of 52.32. He could bowl with either arm, and kept wicket on a number of occasions.
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Imran Farhat
Imran Farhat (Urdu: عمران فرحت, born 20 May 1982 in Lahore) is a Pakistani cricketer who has played over 30 Tests and One Day Internationals for Pakistan, opening the batting in most of his international innings.
Farhat made his senior debut aged 15 in a one-day match for Lahore City against Malaysia, together with three other players who went on to play Test cricket (Taufeeq Umar, Bazid Khan and Kamran Akmal). Three years later, in February 2001, Farhat made his One Day International debut, against New Zealand in Auckland, scoring 20 runs in a chase of 150 to win. After the tour of New Zealand, where Farhat played three Tests and three ODIs, he was sent back to domestic cricket before returning against Australia in the third Test of the 2002–03 series, where he made 30 and 22 in an innings defeat. However, he was retained for the home two-Test series against South Africa in 2003–04, where he scored 235 runs including a maiden Test century in a 1–0 series win, second behind fellow opener Taufeeq Umar.
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Intikhab Alam
Intikhab Alam Khan (Urdu: انتخاب عالم خان) (born 28 December 1941) is a retired Pakistani cricketer who played in 47 Tests and 4 ODIs from 1959 to 1977. He also played in English county cricket for Surrey between 1969 and 1981.
Intikhab was Pakistan's first One Day International cricket captain. He played 3 matches as captain, winning two and losing one. He was the coach in 1992 Cricket World Cup winning Pakistani team.
In 2004, he was appointed as the first foreigner to coach a domestic Indian cricket team, coaching Punjab, in the Ranji Trophy.
On 25 October 2008, he was named as national coach of the Pakistan cricket team by PCB, a day after Australian Geoff Lawson was sacked as the national coach of Pakistan.
In 2009, Intikhab led Pakistan to their first Twenty20 World Cup title by defeating Sri Lanka in the final.
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Ireland cricket team
The Ireland cricket team is the cricket team representing all of Ireland. Because of political difficulties, the Irish Cricket Union (ICU) was not elected to the International Cricket Council (ICC) until 1993, and qualified for the World Cup for the first time in 2007. The Irish Cricket Union is the governing body of Irish cricket. The Irish cricket team is made up of both professional cricketers and those who earn their living outside the sport. Cricket Ireland, which succeeded the Irish Cricket Union as the sport's governing body in the country, introduced contracts for its players in 2009, and as of the 2011 Cricket World Cup 13 players have full-time contracts.
The first match played by an Irish team was in 1855. Since then, Ireland have gained a reputation for giant-killing. Ireland played their first One Day International (ODI) in 2006 against England. Since then, they have gone on to play 61 ODIs, resulting in 29 victories, 28 defeats, 3 no results, and 1 tie. Highlights in Ireland's cricketing history include beating a touring West Indies side in 1928, 1969, and again in 2004, progressing to the second round of the 2007 World Cup – in which they beat Pakistan and Bangladesh and tied with Zimbabwe – and beating England in the 2011 World Cup.
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Javed Miandad
Mohammad Javed Miandad Khan (Urdu: محمد جاوید میانداد) (born 12 June 1957), popularly known as Javed Miandad (Urdu: جاوید میانداد), is a former Pakistani cricketer who played between 1975 and 1996. He is Pakistan's leading run scorer in Test cricket. He has served as a captain of the Pakistan national cricket team. He is widely known for his big six against India in 1986 where 5 runs were required from 1 ball. After his playing career, he has remained the coach of Pakistan cricket team at various occasions, as well as held positions in the Pakistan Cricket Board. He had three coaching stints with the Pakistan national team.
Javed Miandad was born in Palanpur in 1957. Javed Miandad attended schools in Palanpur and college in Karachi. His parents moved from Palanpur, Gujarat, India.[citation needed] Javed Miandad is a Tyagi (Muslim).
Miandad made his Test debut against New Zealand at Lahore on 9 October 1976. He scored 163 in this match, to become the youngest player at the time to do so at an age of 19 years and 119 days. In the same series he scored a double century, and on his way broke George Headley's 47 year record, to become the youngest player to achieve the feat. Miandad made his One Day International debut against the West Indies at Edgbaston, Birmingham in the Cricket World Cup 1975. Interestingly, his last ODI was also a world cup match, in both innings he was run out and Pakistan lost the match. More, he scored 2 fours and 0 sixes and his strike rate was below 100 in both of his, first and last ODI innings.
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Julien Fountain
Julien Fountain (born 1970 in Shoreham-by-sea, Sussex) is an English professional cricket coach and former Great Britain Olympic Baseball player. He has coached a wide range of both domestic and international, professional cricket teams including West Indies, Pakistan, Bangladesh and England as both a Specialist Fielding coach or as a utility / assistant coach.
Fountain was the first baseball player to be used as a "Specialist Fielding Coach" by any test level cricket team when he was hired in 1998 by the West Indies to coach on their tour of South Africa. On the 2000/01 West Indies tour of Australia he took to the field as twelfth man for the West Indies during their fixture against the Prime Ministers eleven at the Manuka Oval in Canberra. He rose to the challenge by running out Anthony McQuire with a direct hit from the boundary In 2008 he was selected to help coach the Stanford Superstars, a privately funded cricket team set up by billionaire cricket enthusiast Allen Stanford, who beat England in a one off T20 game for 20 million US dollars during the Stanford Super Series.
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Junaid Khan
Mohammad Junaid Khan commonly known as Junaid Khan (Urdu: جنید خان; born 24 December 1989, Swabi District) is a Pakistani international cricketer who bowls left arm medium-fast. He is the first player from Swabi to make it into the Pakistan national cricket team. After an injury to Sohail Tanvir on the eve of the World Cup, Khan was called up as his replacement, with no experience in international cricket. Khan did not play in the tournament, and later made his ODI debut in April 2011. In June that year Khan represented Lancashire County Cricket Club in English domestic cricket.
Khan made his first-class debut on 24 January 2007 at the age of 17. Playing for Abbottabad against Multan, his first wicket was that of Majid Majeed. The match ended in a draw and Khan finished with four wickets for 57 runs (4/57). For four years he took wickets consistently for his domestic team Abottabad and he was the team's chief strike bowler, he also played for Abbottabad Falcons in the Faysal Bank Twenty20.
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Kamran Akmal
Kamran Akmal (Urdu: کامران اکمل; born 13 January 1982) is a Pakistani cricketer who has played Tests, ODIs and T20Is for Pakistan as a wicket-keeper.
He is a quick-scoring batsman and a wicket-keeper, who has achieved 6 centuries in Test innings. However, his first century was vital - his 109 from the number eight position at Mohali, coming in with Pakistan in a lead of 39 against India in the first Test, ensured that the visitors could draw the match. His form against the touring English in 2005 made him one of the most important players in the team. Naturally, he is a batsman that plays lower down the order but has sometimes opened in both Test and One-day cricket. As an opener he has scored two back to back centuries in ODIs against England. Coming in lower down the order in Test matches, he played one memorable innings. He saved Pakistan from a score of 39/6, scoring a century, to a competitive 245 which helped Pakistan win the match and the series.
His batting was highly productive in early 2006 as he scored seven international hundreds within the space of 6 months. Since his tour of England in Summer 2006 however his batting form dwindled and steadily become worse. His wicket-keeping also worsened and dropped many catches on both the England tour and on a tour to South Africa in early 2007. He then scored an international hundred in the Bangladeshi tour of Pakistan in 2008. He later moved to have some injuries and did not play for some days but later he was again brought into the team.
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List of Pakistanis
Pakistan is the sixth most populous nation in the world. Below is a list of such famous people who belong or relate in some way to this nation. See Category:Pakistani people for an alphabetical list of Pakistanis with categories.
khurram azhar bhatti
Main article(s): List of Pakistani writers, List of Urdu poets.
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Mohammad Asif
Mohammad Asif (Urdu: محمد آصف, born 20 December 1982) is a Pakistani right-arm fast medium bowler in cricket. Asif was born in Sheikhupura, and has played first-class cricket for Khan Research Labs, the National Bank, Quetta, Sheikhupura, Sialkot and Leicestershire. He made his Test match debut for the Pakistan cricket team against Australia in January 2005.
On 20 July 2010, Asif was ranked second leading Test bowler, just behind Dale Steyn.
In 2006, there was a cricket controversy involving Asif, after he tested positive for anabolic steroid, Nandrolone, before having a ban imposed on him overturned on appeal. He was later withdrawn from Pakistan's World Cup squad with an unrelated injury. Further cricket controversy followed when he was detained in Dubai suspected of having drugs on his person and was then found to have tested positive for a banned substance during the Indian Premier League. In August 2010 he was accused by the News of the World of deliberately bowling no-balls in return for payment from a betting syndicate. On 5 February 2011 a 3-man tribunal, appointed by the International Cricket Council (ICC) gave the verdict that he was to be banned for 7 years, with 2 of those suspended if no further offences were committed. In November 2011, Asif was convicted, along with Salman Butt and Mohammad Amir, of conspiracy charges relating to spot-fixing. On 3 November 2011, Asif was given a one-year prison sentence for his role in the scandal.
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Mohammad Hafeez
Mohammad Hafeez (born October 17, 1980 at Sargodha) is a Pakistani cricketer. He is a right-handed batsman and a right-arm slow bowler. Hafeez generally opens the batting and also acts as the part of bowling attack. Mohammad Hafeez also serves as Pakistan's national T20 captain.
Hafeez was one of the several young all-rounders the Pakistani cricket team turned to after their poor Cricket World Cup display in 2003, in which they were eliminated in the first round.
Hafeez scored a half-century on his Test debut against Bangladesh, and in his following Test hit a century. His form with bat and ball would then drop considerably and in late-2003 he was dropped from the Test squad, and soon after the ODI side. With strong domestic performances as well as good showings for the Pakistan A, he remained on the fringes of a recall in 2004. Hafeez returned to the ODI side in 2005 and despite not contributing with the bat, his bowling performances were impressive. In the 2006 Top End Series held in Australia, Hafeez smashed a century for Pakistan A. With Pakistan struggling to find a solid opening pair for Test cricket, Hafeez was recalled for the tour of England. His return to Test cricket was made at The Oval and he scored a fluent 95. Later that year in November, Hafeez retained his place in the side for their home series against the West Indies. After getting starts in the first two Test he would go on to score his second Test century in the third Test in Karachi. He made his 4th ODI century on March, 18 2012 in Bangladesh at Dhaka.
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Mohammad Sami
Mohammad Sami (Urdu: محمد سمیع, born 24 February 1981) is a Pakistani right arm fast bowler in cricket who is currently representing the Pakistan cricket team in Test cricket and Twenty20 cricket matches. He used to represent Pakistan in ODIs but was dropped from the squad in 2007 after an unimpressive World Cup campaign.
Sami, initially named as the modern Malcolm Marshall by Imran Khan, made his Test cricket debut against New Zealand in 2001 by taking 8 wickets for 106 runs in the match, including five wickets in the second innings. This was a world record for the most wickets by a debutant. During his third Test match he achieved a hat-trick against Sri Lanka and in 2002 he took his second hat-trick in his career, against the West Indies during a One Day International match. This led to him becoming one of only a two bowlers in cricket (the other was Wasim Akram) to achieve this mark in both forms of the game. He also became one of two Pakistan bowlers to have taken a hat-trick in both Test cricket and One Day International matches, the other being fast bowler Wasim Akram. He also displayed excellent performances against Zimbabwe and New Zealand in 2003. On 1 December 2003, he achieved his best bowling figures in One Day International cricket by taking 5 wickets for 10 runs during a match. Earlier in April during that year in Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates, he had taken 4 wickets for 25 runs against Kenya during the match. Sami played his 50th One Day International match against India at Lahore in Pakistan on 24 March in 2004. He has also taken over 100 wickets in First-class cricket and in List A cricket.
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Moin Khan
Mohammad Moin Khan (Urdu: محمد معین خان; born September 23, 1971), popularly known as Moin Khan (Urdu: معین خان), is a former Pakistani cricketer, primarily a wicketkeeper-batsman, who remained a member of the Pakistani national cricket team from 1990 to 2004. He has also captained the Pakistani side. He made his international debut against the West Indies at Multan. He took over 100 catches in Test cricket. He has scored over 3,000 ODI runs and taken over 200 catches in ODI cricket. He is credited with coining the name of Saqlain Mushtaq's mystery delivery that goes from leg to off, as the doosra. It means the "other one" in Urdu.
Throughout his international career, Moin had to compete with another wicket-keeper, Rashid Latif. Moin kept wickets in the 1992 Cricket World Cup which Pakistan won and the 1999 Cricket World Cup where Pakistan finished runners up. Latif kept wickets in the 1996 Cricket World Cup and the 2003 Cricket World Cup. Despite close rivalries, Moin is mostly remembered as the better player as their performance after the glove-work came onto how they batted. Despite having a significantly similar Test batting average, Moin had a higher ODI average than Latif and scored more runs than Latif in international cricket.
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Mudassar Nazar
Mudassar Nazar (Urdu: مدثر نذر) (born 6 April 1956, Lahore, Punjab) is a former Pakistani cricketer with a career in Test cricket for Pakistan and in league cricket in Pakistan and England. After retiring from professional cricket, he has had a number of administrative positions in the cricketing world, including two stints as coach for Pakistan in 1993 and 2001, for Kenya and for several other teams.
Mudassar made his debut in Test cricket for Pakistan against Australia in Adelaide on 24 December 1976. The son of Test cricketer Nazar Mohammad, he followed in his father's footsteps to open Pakistan's opening batting. Mudassar now resides in Bolton, England. He played for many prominent league teams in Pakistan, and played his last Test match against New Zealand at Auckland on 28 February 1989, but he continued playing first-class cricket until 1993. He became the second Pakistani after his father to carry the bat as an opener in the fifth Test of the 1982-83 series against India. One time Mudassar Nazar held a record for highest partnership in Test Cricket of 451-runs, 3rd-wicket with Javed Miandad against India at Hyderabad, Pakistan in 1982-83. He also holds the record for the slowest Test match century. He was also a useful bowling option for his captain and earned the reputation of a shock bowler because he was good at breaking long partnerships and batsmen who played long innings.
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Muhammad bin Qasim
Muhammad bin Qasim Al-Thaqafi (Arabic: محمد بن قاسم) (c. 31 December 695–18 July 715) was a Umayyad general who, at the age of 17, began the conquest of the Sindh and Punjab regions along the Indus River (now a part of Pakistan) for the Umayyad Caliphate. He was born & raised in the city of Taif (in modern day Saudi Arabia). Qasim's conquest of Sindh and Punjab laid the foundations of Islamic rule in the Indian subcontinent.
A member of the Thaqeef tribe, which is still settled in and around the city of Taif ( a city in modern day Saudi Arabia) to this very day, Muhammad bin Qasim's father was Qasim bin Yusuf[citation needed] who died when Muhammad bin Qasim was young, leaving his mother in charge of his education. Umayyad governor Al-Hajjaj Ibn Yusuf Al-Thaqafi, Muhammad bin Qasim's paternal uncle, was instrumental in teaching Muhammad bin Qasim about warfare and governance. Muhammad bin Qasim married his cousin Zubaidah, Hajjaj's daughter, shortly before going to Sindh. Another paternal uncle of Muhammad bin Qasim was Muhammad bin Yusuf, governor of Yemen.[citation needed] Under Hajjaj's patronage, Muhammad bin Qasim was made governor of Persia, where he succeeded in putting down a rebellion.[citation needed]
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Mushtaq Ahmed
Mushtaq Ahmed (Urdu: مشتاق احمد) (born 28 June 1970) is a retired Pakistani cricketer who specialised as a leg spin bowler. He was known for his hard-to-pick googly. He memorably trapped Graeme Hick in front with one during the 1992 World Cup final. He was a Wisden Cricketer of the Year in 1997. Nevertheless, despite taking over 150 One Day International and Test wickets, he hasn't played international cricket since October 2003. He is now the spin bowling coach for the England Cricket Team.
However, he has played a lot of county cricket in England, including for Somerset and Surrey earlier in his career and more recently for Sussex.
In 2003, Mushtaq was the leading wicket taker in county cricket, finishing the season with 103 and inspiring Sussex to its first County Championship title. Following this, he was recalled by Pakistan but was soon dropped for being ineffective. In the 2004 season, Mushtaq was again the leading wicket taker in English county cricket with 84 scalps, but with Danish Kaneria's emergence as Pakistan's first-choice leg spinner, Mushtaq's international career was over.
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Muttiah Muralitharan
Muttiah Muralitharan (Tamil: முத்தையா முரளிதரன்; Sinhala: මුත්තයියා මුරලිදරන්) (also spelt as Muralidaran; born 17 April 1972), often referred to as Murali, is a former Sri Lankan cricketer who was rated the greatest Test match bowler ever by Wisden Cricketers' Almanack in 2002. He retired from Test cricket in 2010, registering his 800th and final wicket on 22 July 2010 from his final ball in his last Test match.
Muralitharan is the highest wicket-taker in both Test cricket and in One Day Internationals (ODIs). He took the wicket of Gautam Gambhir on 5 February 2009 in Colombo to surpass Wasim Akram's ODI record of 501 wickets. Muralitharan became the highest wicket-taker in Test cricket when he overtook the previous record-holder Shane Warne on 3 December 2007. Muralitharan had previously held the record when he surpassed Courtney Walsh's 519 wickets in 2004, but he suffered a shoulder injury later that year and was then overtaken by Warne.
Averaging over six wickets per Test, Muralitharan was one of the most successful bowlers in the game. Muralitharan held the number one spot in the International Cricket Council’s player rankings for Test bowlers for a record period of 1,711 days spanning 214 Test matches.
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Nasir Jamshed
Nasir Jamshed (born December 6, 1989) is a Pakistani cricketer. He is an attacking left-handed opening batsman.
Jamshed made his first class début at the age of just 15 and was soon selected to the Pakistan Under-19 cricket team for a series against Sri Lanka, making 204 in the second innings on his début.
In the 2007–08 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy series he scored over 800 runs and earned selection in the Patron's XI side to play Zimbabwe. He made 182 runs and within a week was playing ODI cricket for Pakistan. In his debut against the Zimbabweans he opened the batting and smashed 61 off just 48 deliveries which saw him win the Man of the Match award. In his second ODI, he hit 74 off 64 balls, becoming only third Pakistani to make consecutive half centuries in first and second matches.
In Asia Cup 2008, Jamshed hit two 50's in the two matches he played. Against India at Karachi, he scored 53 until he was retired hurt. In the next game against Bangladesh, he scored a quick fire 52* at Karachi which set up an unbeaten 116 runs opening stand with Salman Butt which saw Pakistan home with more than 30 overs still to play. From these performances, he has really strengthened his position as an opener in the Pakistani ODI squad. During the Asia Cup 2008 Jamshed's fitness was questioned by the commentators and he visibly seemed over weight. This lack of fitness also lead him to miss the following Twenty20 tournament in Canada, and a 3 match ODI series against the West Indies. His exclusion from the national team continued in January 2009 when he was passed over for Khurram Manzoor during the Sri Lanka ODI series.
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Saeed Ajmal
Saeed Ajmal (Punjabi, Urdu: سعید اجمل; born 14 October 1977) is a Pakistani cricketer. He is a right-arm off-spin bowler who bats right handed. At domestic level in Pakistan he has represented Faisalabad, with whom he won the 2005 ABN-AMRO Twenty-20 Cup; Khan Research Laboratories; and Islamabad. Ajmal made his One Day International debut for Pakistan in July 2008 at the age of 30, and a year later played his first Test. In 2009 he was reported for having a suspect bowling action, but after being cleared he helped Pakistan win the 2009 ICC World Twenty20. Ajmal played for Worcestershire as an overseas player in English domestic cricket in 2011. Since November 2011, Ajmal has been ranked by the International Cricket Council as the number one bowler in ODIs. On 28 January 2012, in his 20th Test, Ajmal became the quickest Pakistani to take 100 test wickets.
Saeed Ajmal has played for Faisalabad since his debut in 1995 at the age of 18. Ajmal represented the Faisalabad Wolves in the 2005 ABN-AMRO Twenty-20 Cup, his team won the final in which he was man of the match. When Faisalabad won the final of the ABN-AMRO Patron's Cup in March 2006 Ajmal was named the tournament's best bowler and was given a Rs 25,000 prize. He has also represented Khan Research Laboratories, who were runners-up in the final of the 2008/09 Quaid-i-Azam Trophy; though his side lost the final, Ajmal took 5/105 and 2/55 and in the process passed 250 first-class wickets. Ajmal has also played for Islamabad.
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Saeed Anwar
Saeed Anwar (Urdu: سعید انور; born September 6, 1968 in Karachi, Sind) is a former Pakistani left-handed opening batsman and ocasional Slow left arm orthodox bowler who played international cricket between 1989 and 2003. He played 55 Test matches scoring 4052 with the help of eleven centuries while in 247 One Day Internationals (ODIs) he made 8824 runs. He made twenty centuries in ODIs which are the most than any other pakistani batsman in the format.
In February 1999, Anwar became the third Pakistani to carry his bat through a Test innnings, following father and son Nazar Mohammed and Mudassar Nazar. He scored 188 not out - single-handedly beating his team's previous innings (185), when he mad a duck, and contributing 60 per cent of a total of 316. It was also the highest Test score by a Pakistani on Indian soil which was surpassed by Younis Khan (267) in 2005. He is most notable for scoring 194 runs against India in Chennai in 1997, then the highest, and now the joint third highest individual score in a ODI.
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Saka
The Saka (Old Persian Sakā, Latinized Sacae; Greek Σάκαι; Sanskrit शक [śaka]; Chinese 塞; Old Chinese *sək) were a Scythian tribe or group of tribes of Iranian origin.
Greek and Latin texts suggest that the term Scythians referred to a much more widespread grouping of Central Asian peoples.
Accounts[which?] of the Indo-Scythian wars often assume that the Scythian protagonists were a single tribe called the Saka (Sakai or Sakas).[original research?] But in earlier Greek and Latin texts the term Scythians referred to a much more widespread grouping of Central Asian peoples.
"Scythia" was a generic term loosely applied to a vast area of Central Asia spanning numerous groups and diverse ethnicities. Ptolemy writes that Skuthia was not only "within the Imaos" (the Himalayas) and "beyond the Imaos" (north of the Himalayas), but also speaks of a separate "land of the Sakais" within Scythia.[original research?] He also notes that the Komedes inhabited "the entire mountainous land of the Sakas".[citation needed]
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Saleem Malik
Saleem Malik (Urdu: سلیم ملک) (born April 16, 1963) (also known as Salim Malik) is a former Pakistani cricketer who played between 1981/82 and 1999, at one stage captaining the Pakistani cricket team. He was a right-handed wristy middle order batsman who was strong square of the wicket. His legbreak bowling was also quite effective. Despite playing over 100 Tests he would go down in cricket history as the first of a number of international cricketers to be banned for match fixing around the turn of the 21st century. Saleem is the brother-in-law of former teammate Ijaz Ahmed.
Malik played his first Test match in March 1982, against Sri Lanka at Karachi. After making 12 in his first innings he made an unbeaten 100 in the second to set up a declaration. Aged 18 years and 323 days he was at the time the second youngest player to make a century on Test debut.
During the tour of England in 1987, Malik fell for 99 at Headingley and made 102 at The Oval. He would become familiar with English conditions, playing for Essex for a couple of years during the early 1990s. He had a good season in 1991, scoring 1972 runs, the 3rd most by a non English player for Essex. In Test cricket he performed better against England than any other of his opponents, appearing 19 times and making 1396 runs at 60.70.
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Salman Butt
Salman Butt (Punjabi/Urdu: سلمان بٹ, Salmān Baṭṭ; born 7 October 1984) is a former Pakistani cricketer who was a regular Test and ODI left-handed opening batsman. He made his Test debut on 3 September 2003 in the third Test against Bangladesh, and a year later made his ODI debut against West Indies on 22 September 2004. He was appointed captain of the Pakistan Test squad on 16 July 2010. On 29 August 2010, he was implicated in allegations of spot-fixing. On 31 August 2010, he was stripped of the Pakistan Captaincy, and removed from the ODI Squad pending criminal proceedings. As of 5 February 2011, Butt is serving a 10-year ban, of which five years is a suspended sentence. In November 2011, Butt was convicted and jailed for 30 months for conspiracy charges relating to the spot-fixing, along with Mohammad Amir and Mohammad Asif.
Salman Butt started in the Under-17s and quickly progressed through to Under-19 level, although at the time he was much younger than the age limits suggest, making his senior debut for Lahore Whites in 2000 aged only 19. His talent was noticed immediately, which led to him being given a place in the Pakistan A team against England soon after. However, instead of rushing straight for the limelight of international cricket, he got his head down and consolidated by playing consistently for his region and the youth teams, until the Pakistan selectors finally drafted him in 2003.
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Saqlain Mushtaq
Saqlain Mushtaq (Urdu: ثقلین مشتاق) (born December 29, 1976) is a Pakistani cricketer. He is best known for pioneering the "doosra", which he employed to great effect during his career. Saqlain has not been active in international cricket since 2004.
Saqlain made his international debut in September 1995 playing against Sri Lanka at Peshawar. He picked up four wickets at an average of 26.75 in the first test of the series. The highlight of his Test career came in the away series against India in January/February 1999, where he achieved his first ten wicket haul in a test match. In the first test, with India needing only 17 runs to win, Saqlain effectively sealed Pakistan's win by taking the wicket of Sachin Tendulkar who had scored 136. He ended the series with twenty wickets at an average of 20.15, which earned him the Man of the Series award.
Saqlain represented Surrey for eight successive seasons, from 1997 to 2004. However, his time there was interrupted and his international career with Pakistan effectively ended in 2004.
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Sarfraz Ahmed
Sarfraz Ahmed (born May 22, 1987) is a Pakistani cricketer who captained Pakistan to victory at the Under 19 World Cup in 2006. He is a wicket-keeper and a right-handed batsman. He had played just 5 games for the Pakistan Under 19 cricket team before being selected as captain for the Under 19 Cricket World Cup. He plays first class cricket for Karachi.
Sarfraz Ahmed was called up by Pakistan as cover for Kamran Akmal who had a finger injury in the one-day series between India and Pakistan in November 2007. He made his one day international debut in the final match of the series, on 18 November 2007. He kept well but didn't get a chance to bat as Pakistan had won the match before he was needed to bat.
In 2008, Sarfraz Ahmed was selected ahead of Kamran Akmal for the Asia Cup. During the Asia Cup he impressed with his keeping skills but didn't get a chance to show his batting skills.
He made his test match debut in Hobart on 14 January 2010, in the third test match against Australia, replacing Kamran Akmal who suffered an "error-ridden performance" in the second test. After an unimpressive debut with the bat, he was dropped again after one match.
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Sarfraz Nawaz
Sarfraz Nawaz Malik (Punjabi, Urdu: سرفراز نواز ملک) (born 1 December 1948, Lahore, Punjab) is a former Pakistani Test cricketer and politician who discovered reverse swing and was instrumental in Pakistan's first Test series victories over India and England. Between 1969 and 1984 he played 55 Tests and 45 One Day Internationals and was Imran Khan's regular new ball partner. In 1978–79 he took 9/86 against Australia at Melbourne, including a spell of 7/1 off 33 balls when they were 77 runs short of victory, but in the next Test at Perth Sarfraz controversially dismissed the Australian batsman Andrew Hilditch for handling the ball.
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Shahid Afridi
Sahibzada Mohammad Shahid Khan Afridi (Urdu: صاحبزادہ محمد شاہد خان آفریدی) (born 1 March 1980 in Khyber Agency of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas, Pakistan), popularly known as Shahid Afridi (Pashto: شاهد افریدی), is a Pakistani cricketer. Between 1996 and 2012, Afridi played 27 Tests, 334 One Day Internationals, and 46 Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is) for the Pakistani national team. He made his ODI debut on 2 October 1996 against Kenya and his Test debut on 22 October 1998 against Australia.
He is known for his aggressive batting style, and holds the record for the fastest ODI century which he made in his first international innings, as well as scoring 32 runs in a single over, the second highest scoring over ever in an ODI. He also holds the distinction of having hit the most number of sixes in the history of ODI cricket. Afridi considers himself a better bowler than batsman, and has taken 48 Test wickets and over 300 in ODIs. Currently Afridi is the leading wicket taker in the Twenty20 format taking 53 wickets from 43 matches.
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Sharjeel Khan
Sharjeel Khan (born: 14 August 1989, Hyderabad) is an international cricketer from Pakistan. He was part of the bronze medal winning team at the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou, China.
In November, Khan was part of the team at the Asian Games in Guangzhou, China which won a bronze medal by beating Sri Lanka in the 3rd place playoffs.
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Shoaib Akhtar
Shoaib Akhtar (b. 13 August 1975) is a former Pakistani cricketer. Shoaib holds the record for being the fastest bowler in the history of international cricket, he made his Test debut in November 1997 and played his first One Day International four months later. He played on Pakistan's Cricket Team as an attack bowler.
He has been involved in several controversies during his career, often accused of not being a team player but his presence was always felt by the opponents. Akhtar was sent home during the Test match series in Australia in 2005 for alleged poor attitude. A year later, he was embroiled in a drug scandal after testing positive to a banned substance. However, the ban imposed on him was lifted on court appeal. In September 2007, Akhtar was banned for an indefinite period for his fight with Pakistan team mate and fast bowler Mohammad Asif. On 1 April 2008, Akhtar was banned for five years for publicly criticizing the Pakistan Cricket Board. In October 2008, the Lahore High Court in Pakistan suspended the five year ban and Akhtar was selected in the 15-man squad for the Twenty20 Quadrangular Tournament in Canada. Pakistani judge, Rana Bhagwandas stated once that, Akhtar is a legend of Pakistan cricket. He retired from international cricket after the 2011 World Cup.
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Shoaib Malik
Shoaib Malik (Urdu: شعیب ملک) (born 1 February 1982) is a Pakistani cricket player and former captain. He made his One-Day International debut in 1999 against the West Indies and his Test debut in 2001 against Bangladesh. He has taken over 100 ODI wickets, and has a batting average in the mid 30s in both Test and ODI cricket. His bowling action has come under scrutiny (particularly his doosra) but he has had elbow surgery to correct this. Malik was ranked second, behind teammate Shahid Afridi, in the ICC ODI all-rounder rankings in June 2008. In March 2010, Malik received a one-year ban from international cricket from the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB); the ban was overturned two months later.
Shoaib Malik first played tape-ball cricket in the streets as a child. He began to take playing cricket seriously in 1993/94 when he attended Imran Khan's coaching clinics in Sialkot. He began as a batsman only developing on his bowling later. He used to get in trouble with his family for playing cricket, as they wanted him to focus on his education. In 1996, Malik attended trials for the U-15 World Cup. He was selected in the squad for his bowling.
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Shoaib Mohammad
Shoaib Mohammad (Urdu: شعیب محمد) (born January 8, 1961, Karachi, Sindh) is a former Pakistani cricketer who played in 45 Tests and 63 ODIs from 1983 to 1995.
Shoaib is the son of former Pakistani cricketer Hanif Mohammad. Shoaib was a right-handed batsmen who represented the country until the mid 1990s. He is currently involved in development of cricket in Pakistan and is coaching and taking trials on behalf of Pakistan Cricket Board.
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Sohail Tanvir
Sohail Tanvir (Punjabi : سہیل تنویر, born December 12, 1984 in Rawalpindi, Punjab) is a Pakistani cricketer, who has gained repute for his unorthodox left arm bowling action and particularly for the success it has gained him in the Twenty20 format of the game.
An allrounder, he is a hard-hitting left-handed batsman and an unorthodox left-arm fast-medium bowler who also bowls occasional left-arm orthodox spin. Despite not having taken a single wicket during his ten Twenty20 matches domestically, he was selected for Pakistan's squad for the inaugural World Twenty20 after Shoaib Akhtar was sent home. He made his Twenty20 debut in the tournament, and took six wickets in six matches, with best bowling figures of 3 for 31 in four overs against Australia. Though considered an allrounder, Tanvir did not get a chance to bat in the tournament until the final, where he made his first international runs, with a six off his first ball, aiding Pakistan back into the game.
After impressing in the ICC World Twenty20, he was selected to play in the ODI series against South Africa in October, 2007. He was then selected for the tour of India, and took eight wickets in the ODI series. He also took part in the Test series that followed, making his debut in place of the injured Umar Gul. On debut at the Feroz Shah Kotla in Dehli, he took three wickets which included his first international Test cricket causality Sourav Ganguly and Rahul Dravid. In Asia Cricket Cup, June 2008, Pakistan played their first game against Hong Kong at Karachi. In that match, Pakistan's top order struggled to get grips with Hong Kong bowlers before Sohail Tanvir set up a 100 run stand along with Fawad Alam for the 8th wicket. Sohail scored his maiden ODI 50 in that match. He scored 59 off just 55 balls which took Pakistan to a respectable score of 288. After that, in the match vs. Sri Lanka, Tanvir took his first 5 wickets haul. He ended at 5/48 in 10 overs. After the 2009 ICC World Twenty20
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Talat Ali
Talat Ali Malik (born May 29, 1950 in Lahore, Punjab) is a former Pakistani cricketer who played in ten Tests from 1972 to 1979. He was the manager of the Pakistan Cricket Team from October 2006 until his resignation October 17, 2008 following the Quadrangular four-nation Twenty20 series in Canada, in which Pakistan lost to Sri Lanka in the final.
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Tanvir Ahmed
Tanvir Ahmed (Urdu: تنويراحمد; born 20 December 1978 in Kuwait City, Kuwait) is a Pakistani first-class cricketer. Ahmed is mainly a fast-bowler. He played for Pakistan in a first-class match against Worcestershire in the tour of England in 2010 He was later chosen to play in the second test in Pakistan's 2010 home series against South Africa in the UAE in which he took six wickets (6/120) during the first innings.
Tanvir made his ODI debut on May 2 2011 in the 4th One Day International against the West Indies, along with Usman Salahuddin, taking 1 wicket for 45 runs off 6 overs.
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Taslim Arif
Taslim Arif Abbasi (1 May 1954 – 14 March 2008) was a Pakistani cricketer who played in 6 Tests and 2 One-day Internationals in 1980. His score of 210* for Pakistan against Australia stood for more than 20 years as the highest score made by a wicket-keeper in Test cricket. Taslim Arif died in Karachi after a brief illness. He was buried at Faisal Cantonment graveyard, in Karachi.
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Taufeeq Umar
Taufeeq Umar (Punjabi: توفیق عمر, born 20 June 1981) is a Pakistani cricketer who was a regular Test opening batsman for three seasons, before being dropped ahead of the 2004–05 season. Unusually for a Pakistani player, Umar has played more Tests than ODIs, as he was not given a prolonged run in the ODI side until 2003, when he played eight ODIs in a row. However, he only missed two of 24 Tests played between August 2001 and April 2004, and after 17 Tests his batting average had reached 48.03 after he made four scores above 50 in the two-Test series with South Africa. Possessing excellent temperament, he remains unique amongst Pakistani openers in his ability to concentrate for long periods and his ability to build innings. With exquisite drives either side of the wicket, a formidable cut and pull shot in the armory and possessing the natural gift of timing, he seemed the very answer to Pakistan's opening problem especially against a full strength South African attack in South Africa (2003). A loss of form against India (2004) resulted in Taufeeq losing his place in the team and a subsequent loss of batting confidence.
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Umar Akmal
Umar Akmal (Urdu: عمر اکمل; born 26 May 1990) is a Pakistani cricketer. He made his ODI debut on 1 August 2009 against Sri Lanka and made his Test debut against New Zealand on 23 November 2009. He is a right-handed batsman and a part time spinner. Like his two brothers, Adnan and Kamran, Umar has kept wicket for the national team.
Umar is the youngest brother of Adnan Akmal and Kamran Akmal who are also cricketers, both wicket-keepers.
Umar represented Pakistan in the 2008 U/19 Cricket World Cup in Malaysia. After his success at the U-19 level he earned himself a first class contract and played the 2007-08 season of the Quaid-i-Azam Trophy, representing the Sui Southern Gas team. He is considered a future asset for Pakistan cricket. He is an aggressive style cricketer. In only his sixth first class match he smashed 248 off just 225 deliveries, including four sixes. He followed that up with an unbeaten 186 in his 8th first class match, off just 170 balls. He fared less well in his second season of first class cricket, with a string of low scores batting at number 3. He found form in the final few matches of the 2008/09 season and then in the RBS T20 tournament thus getting the selectors nod to play for Pakistan A side on their tour to Australia A.
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Umar Gul
Umar Gul (Urdu: عمرگل, Pashto: عمر ګل) (born 14 April 1984) is a Pakistani right arm fast medium bowler in cricket who has played Test matches, One Day Internationals and Twenty20 Internationals for the Pakistani cricket team. He has gained fame as one of the most successful bowlers in Twenty20 cricket finishing as the leading wicket taker and bowler in both the 2007 and 2009 Twenty20 World Championship tournaments.
Gul was born in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan he was born in a middle-class family and frequently played tape-ball cricket. People on the street encouraged Gul to become an international cricketer as they saw his superb bowling. On October 2010 Gul's family announced that he was to wed a Dubai Doctor. The doctor is from the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province and she was born there as well. On 30th may 2012, Pakistan Army raided Umar Gul's house in Peshawar and arrested his brother on the charge of hiding a wanted militant.
Gul was first called up for the team in April 2003, playing four one-day matches at the Cherry Blossom Sharjah Cup against Zimbabwe, Kenya and Sri Lanka, where he took four wickets, and he was in and out of the one-day team after that tournament. However, he played the whole of the 2003–04 home series against Bangladesh, making his Test debut and taking 15 wickets in the three Tests, and took the second-most wickets of any Pakistani bowler in the series, behind Shabbir Ahmed with 17. However, Shoaib Akhtar, who took 13 in third place, only played two of the Tests.
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Vedic period
The Vedic period (or Vedic age) was a period in history during which the Vedas, the oldest scriptures of Hinduism, were composed. The time span of the period is uncertain. Philological and linguistic evidence indicates that the Rigveda, the oldest of the Vedas, was composed roughly between 1700–1100 BCE, also referred to as the early Vedic period. The end of the period is commonly estimated to have occurred about 500 BCE, and 150 BCE has been suggested as a terminus ante quem for all Vedic Sanskrit literature.
Transmission of texts in the Vedic period was by oral tradition alone, and a literary tradition set in only in post-Vedic times. Despite the difficulties in dating the period, the Vedas can safely be assumed to be several thousands of years old. The associated culture, sometimes referred to as Vedic civilization, was probably centred early on in the northern and northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent, but has now spread and constitutes the basis of contemporary Indian culture.
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Wahab Riaz
Wahab Riaz (Punjabi, Urdu: وہاب ریاض) is a Pakistani cricketer. He is a left-arm fast-medium bowler and a right-hand batsman. Riaz is a former student of Aitchison College, Lahore. He frequently bowls at speeds of around 92 miles per hour (148 km/h) and has reached 96 to 97 miles per hour (154 to 156 km/h).
Riaz was chosen in the squad for the tri-series in Bangladesh which also included India and in his first match against Bangladesh; he finished with 3 wickets for 22 runs in 7 overs and in the next match although he took two Indian wickets he conceded 85 runs.
Wahab made his Test debut against England in the third test of the 2010 series. England batted first and Wahab took 5/63 in the first innings. In Pakistan's first innings he came into bat at number 3 and made 27 runs.
He next played for Pakistan in the Test series against South Africa in October 2010 he participated in 4 ODIs. He was selected to play in the first Test later in that series he took two wickets those of Graeme Smith and Hashim Amla however towards the end of the day he picked up a side strain. He did not bowl the following day. A scan showed that Riaz had picked up an injury which takes 4–5 weeks to recover from and thus he missed the rest of the Test series.
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Waqar Younis
Waqar Younis Maitla (Punjabi: وقار یونس, born 16 November 1971) is a former Pakistani right arm fast bowler in cricket and widely regarded as one of the greatest fast bowlers of all time. As of 2012, he holds the record for the youngest Pakistani Test captain and the third youngest Test captain in history (22 years 15 days). He played 87 Tests and 262 One Day Internationals (ODIs) matches for Pakistan during his international cricket career from1989 to 2003.
Younis' trademark was his ability to reverse swing a cricket ball at high speed. He took 373 Test wickets and 416 One Day International wickets during his career. Together with bowling partner Wasim Akram, he formed one of the subcontinent's most feared bowling attacks. He is considered to be the best exponent of the swing bowling delivery. Younis has the best strike rate for any bowler with over 350 Test wickets. He worked as a bowling coach with the national side from 2006 to 2007. Waqar was appointed as the coach of the Pakistan cricket team on 3 March 2010. He resigned as Pakistan's Cricket Coach on 19 August 2011 citing personal reasons.
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Wasim Akram
Wasim Akram (Punjabi: وسیم اکرم; born 3 June 1966) is a former Pakistani cricketer. He is a left arm fast bowler and left-handed batsman who represented the Pakistan national cricket team in Test cricket and One Day International (ODI) matches.
Akram is regarded as one of the best fast bowlers in the history of cricket. He holds the world record for most wickets in List A cricket with 881 and is second only to Sri Lankan off-spin bowler, Muttiah Muralitharan in terms of ODI wickets with 502. He is considered to be one of the founders and perhaps the finest exponent of reverse swing bowling.
He was the first bowler to reach the 500-wicket mark in ODI cricket during the 2003 World Cup. In 2002 Wisden released its only list of best players of all time. Wasim was ranked as the best bowler in ODI of all time with a rating of 1223.5, ahead of Allan Donald, Imran Khan, Waqar Younis, Joel Garner, Glen McGrath and Muralitharan. Wasim has taken 23 4-wicket hauls in ODI in 356 matches he played. On 30 September 2009, Akram was one of five new members inducted into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame. He is the current bowling coach of Kolkata Knight Riders.
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Yasir Shah
Yasir Shah (born 2 May 1986 in Swabi,Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) is an international cricketer from Pakistan. He is a specialist leg break spin bowler.
He played his first international match, the third game of one-day international series on Pakistan's tour of Zimbabwe, on 14 September 2011. In the game he took 2 for 51 runs (10 overs). The wickets were of Zimbabwean opener Vusi Sibanda and star wicketkeeper-batsman Tatenda Taibu.
He has also played cricket for the Pakistan A cricket team.
He has played for a number of teams in the Pakistani first-class domestic cricket circuit, including the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa cricket team, Pakistan A cricket team, Abbottabad Rhinos, Pakistan Customs cricket team, and Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited.
wn.com/Yasir_Shah -
Zaheer Abbas
Syed Zaheer Abbas Kirmani (Urdu: سید ظہیر عباس کرمانی) (born 24 July 1947, Sialkot), popularly known as Zaheer Abbas, is a former Pakistani cricketer, regarded as one of the finest batsman produced by that country. He is widely known as the "Asian Bradman", a reference to former Australian great Sir Donald Bradman. He is among few professional cricketers who used to wear spectacles. In 1982/1983, he became the first batsman to score three consecutive centuries in one-day internationals.
Abbas made his Test match debut in 1969, and in his second Test he scored 274 against England, still the fourth ever highest score by a Pakistani batsman. This was the first of four double-centuries Abbas made; only ten men have scored more. The last of his four Test double-centuries was an innings of 215 against India in 1983, the first of three centuries in consecutive Tests, and his hundredth first-class century; Abbas and Geoffrey Boycott are the only two batsmen to have scored their hundredth first-class century in a Test match.
wn.com/Zaheer_Abbas
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Tribute To Pak Cricket Team - Badal Do Zamana.wmv
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:57
- Updated: 23 Dec 2012
Tribute to Pakistani Cricket Team for their great and unexpected performance in Cricket Worldcup 2011.
http://wn.com/Tribute_To_Pak_Cricket_Team_Badal_Do_Zamanawmv
Tribute to Pakistani Cricket Team for their great and unexpected performance in Cricket Worldcup 2011.
Pakistan Cricket Team: 2012 Preview.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:48
- Updated: 14 Jan 2013
Year 2012 belongs to Pakistan Cricket Team aka the cornered tiger! . . . . . . . . . . Shahid Afridi 2 For 17 Vs Sri Lanka 2nd T20 2012 Shahid Afridi 52 Of 33 Balls Vs Sri Lanka 2nd T20 2012 Pakistan vs Sri Lanka 2nd T20 Highlights 3rd June 2012 Part A Video worth of Millions | The Best Video Video | Masharfee Murtaza collision with Shahid Afridi. Should PCB also ask for 5-run penalty? Bangladesh has challenged Pakistan's Victory Indian Media before & after Match vs BANGLADESH - Asia Cup 2012 KONY 2012 Mohammad Shahzad reverse sweep SIX Indian Media Comment about Pakistan whitewash to England Indian media full report about Pakistan whitewashed to England Dunya News-06-02-2012-British Media on England Team Winning Moments Of Pakistan Vs England 3rd Test And Also Whitewash Moments Of England Dubai Naseer & Shahab - Za Pukhtoon Yam (Official Music Video) Australia wrap up 4-0 whitewash (All clips from indian channels insulting their team) FUNNY Pakistan vs England 2nd Test day 4 2012 Part 3/3 Pakistan vs England 2nd Test day 4 2012 Part 2/3 Abdur Rehman Junaid Jamshed Giving AZAAN At Sydney OPERA HOUSE Australia Maya khan's apology on 17th january 2012 episod Main aur Tum (Younis Khan Special) Dunya News-20-01-2012-Saeed Ajmal's Ranking Saaed Ajmal Dunya kay Behtreen Spinner Ban Gaye - Geo News Report IndiaTv Report on Victory of Pakistan against England in Dubai 2012 Umar gul adnan akmal england TEESRA variation by Saeed Ajmal PAKISTAN Vs ENGLAND 19-01-12 1st TEST 3rd DAY ...
http://wn.com/Pakistan_Cricket_Team_2012_Preview
Year 2012 belongs to Pakistan Cricket Team aka the cornered tiger! . . . . . . . . . . Shahid Afridi 2 For 17 Vs Sri Lanka 2nd T20 2012 Shahid Afridi 52 Of 33 Balls Vs Sri Lanka 2nd T20 2012 Pakistan vs Sri Lanka 2nd T20 Highlights 3rd June 2012 Part A Video worth of Millions | The Best Video Video | Masharfee Murtaza collision with Shahid Afridi. Should PCB also ask for 5-run penalty? Bangladesh has challenged Pakistan's Victory Indian Media before & after Match vs BANGLADESH - Asia Cup 2012 KONY 2012 Mohammad Shahzad reverse sweep SIX Indian Media Comment about Pakistan whitewash to England Indian media full report about Pakistan whitewashed to England Dunya News-06-02-2012-British Media on England Team Winning Moments Of Pakistan Vs England 3rd Test And Also Whitewash Moments Of England Dubai Naseer & Shahab - Za Pukhtoon Yam (Official Music Video) Australia wrap up 4-0 whitewash (All clips from indian channels insulting their team) FUNNY Pakistan vs England 2nd Test day 4 2012 Part 3/3 Pakistan vs England 2nd Test day 4 2012 Part 2/3 Abdur Rehman Junaid Jamshed Giving AZAAN At Sydney OPERA HOUSE Australia Maya khan's apology on 17th january 2012 episod Main aur Tum (Younis Khan Special) Dunya News-20-01-2012-Saeed Ajmal's Ranking Saaed Ajmal Dunya kay Behtreen Spinner Ban Gaye - Geo News Report IndiaTv Report on Victory of Pakistan against England in Dubai 2012 Umar gul adnan akmal england TEESRA variation by Saeed Ajmal PAKISTAN Vs ENGLAND 19-01-12 1st TEST 3rd DAY ...
- published: 17 Jan 2012
- views: 62985
- author: Talha Ahmed
Pakistan Cricket Team - Oozing with Talent(HD)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:16
- Updated: 11 Jan 2013
Pakistan Cricket Team - The most unpredictable team ever? Like,Comment & Subscribe! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Star Cricketer Shahid Afridi Slams America - Slap On Pakistani Politicians & Intellectuals Star Cricketer Shahid Afridi Slams America (Latest Video) Dr Zulfiqar mirza Region in Press conference interview 28 August 2011-Part 1 Abdul Razzaq batting Leicestershire vs Lancashire semi final 27th aug 2011 Abdul Razzaq batting Leicestershire vs Somerset final 27th aug 2011 Abdul Razzaq Leicestershire vs Lancashire sensational semi final 27th aug 2011 Shahid Afridi 80 off 42 balls full innings Hampshire Semi Final 2011 Shahid Afridi 80 Runs of 42 Balls [Nassir Hussain Praising Afridi's Inning] shahid afridi interview hampshire vs somerset semi final 27th aug 2011 Abdul Razzaq 62 runs from 30 balls 3 fours and 5 sixes part 1 of 2 Super Over Rawalpindi Rams VS Karachi Dolphins - Rawalpindi Rams New ChampionsT20 Cup 2011 Razzaq Batting - Last 2 overs in County Match Shahid Afridi Wicket Overs vs Sussex Afridi Man of the Match Interview vs Sussex Abdul Razzaq Brilliant Slower Ball Wicket vs Yorkshire EXCLUSIVE : Shahid Afridi Interview After Retirement shahid afridi retires Shahid Afridi quits international cricket Shahid Afridi Announces Retirement Shahid Afridi Announced His Retirement (thefriendsfm) Shahid Afridi Decided to take international cricket Retirement We Still Love You Pakistan! Shahid ...
http://wn.com/Pakistan_Cricket_Team_Oozing_with_TalentHD
Pakistan Cricket Team - The most unpredictable team ever? Like,Comment & Subscribe! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Star Cricketer Shahid Afridi Slams America - Slap On Pakistani Politicians & Intellectuals Star Cricketer Shahid Afridi Slams America (Latest Video) Dr Zulfiqar mirza Region in Press conference interview 28 August 2011-Part 1 Abdul Razzaq batting Leicestershire vs Lancashire semi final 27th aug 2011 Abdul Razzaq batting Leicestershire vs Somerset final 27th aug 2011 Abdul Razzaq Leicestershire vs Lancashire sensational semi final 27th aug 2011 Shahid Afridi 80 off 42 balls full innings Hampshire Semi Final 2011 Shahid Afridi 80 Runs of 42 Balls [Nassir Hussain Praising Afridi's Inning] shahid afridi interview hampshire vs somerset semi final 27th aug 2011 Abdul Razzaq 62 runs from 30 balls 3 fours and 5 sixes part 1 of 2 Super Over Rawalpindi Rams VS Karachi Dolphins - Rawalpindi Rams New ChampionsT20 Cup 2011 Razzaq Batting - Last 2 overs in County Match Shahid Afridi Wicket Overs vs Sussex Afridi Man of the Match Interview vs Sussex Abdul Razzaq Brilliant Slower Ball Wicket vs Yorkshire EXCLUSIVE : Shahid Afridi Interview After Retirement shahid afridi retires Shahid Afridi quits international cricket Shahid Afridi Announces Retirement Shahid Afridi Announced His Retirement (thefriendsfm) Shahid Afridi Decided to take international cricket Retirement We Still Love You Pakistan! Shahid ...
- published: 13 Apr 2012
- views: 35424
- author: shahidafridi123pp
Pakistan Cricket Team - The Cornered Tigers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:34
- Updated: 21 Dec 2012
Pakistan: The Team of cornered Tigers, The most unpredictable and exciting team in the world. The Brand of Cricket which we play can't be compared to anyone else. This is a tribute to the team which has Produced numerous Adrenalin Rush in me. Enjoy! Video made by 786cricketlover --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Star Cricketer Shahid Afridi Slams America - Slap On Pakistani Politicians & Intellectuals Star Cricketer Shahid Afridi Slams America (Latest Video) Dr Zulfiqar mirza Region in Press conference interview 28 August 2011-Part 1 Abdul Razzaq batting Leicestershire vs Lancashire semi final 27th aug 2011 Abdul Razzaq batting Leicestershire vs Somerset final 27th aug 2011 Abdul Razzaq Leicestershire vs Lancashire sensational semi final 27th aug 2011 Shahid Afridi 80 off 42 balls full innings Hampshire Semi Final 2011 Shahid Afridi 80 Runs of 42 Balls [Nassir Hussain Praising Afridi's Inning] shahid afridi interview hampshire vs somerset semi final 27th aug 2011 Abdul Razzaq 62 runs from 30 balls 3 fours and 5 sixes part 1 of 2 Super Over Rawalpindi Rams VS Karachi Dolphins - Rawalpindi Rams New ChampionsT20 Cup 2011 Razzaq Batting - Last 2 overs in County Match Shahid Afridi Wicket Overs vs Sussex Afridi Man of the Match Interview vs Sussex Abdul Razzaq Brilliant Slower Ball Wicket vs Yorkshire EXCLUSIVE : Shahid Afridi Interview After Retirement shahid afridi retires Shahid Afridi quits ...
http://wn.com/Pakistan_Cricket_Team_The_Cornered_Tigers
Pakistan: The Team of cornered Tigers, The most unpredictable and exciting team in the world. The Brand of Cricket which we play can't be compared to anyone else. This is a tribute to the team which has Produced numerous Adrenalin Rush in me. Enjoy! Video made by 786cricketlover --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Star Cricketer Shahid Afridi Slams America - Slap On Pakistani Politicians & Intellectuals Star Cricketer Shahid Afridi Slams America (Latest Video) Dr Zulfiqar mirza Region in Press conference interview 28 August 2011-Part 1 Abdul Razzaq batting Leicestershire vs Lancashire semi final 27th aug 2011 Abdul Razzaq batting Leicestershire vs Somerset final 27th aug 2011 Abdul Razzaq Leicestershire vs Lancashire sensational semi final 27th aug 2011 Shahid Afridi 80 off 42 balls full innings Hampshire Semi Final 2011 Shahid Afridi 80 Runs of 42 Balls [Nassir Hussain Praising Afridi's Inning] shahid afridi interview hampshire vs somerset semi final 27th aug 2011 Abdul Razzaq 62 runs from 30 balls 3 fours and 5 sixes part 1 of 2 Super Over Rawalpindi Rams VS Karachi Dolphins - Rawalpindi Rams New ChampionsT20 Cup 2011 Razzaq Batting - Last 2 overs in County Match Shahid Afridi Wicket Overs vs Sussex Afridi Man of the Match Interview vs Sussex Abdul Razzaq Brilliant Slower Ball Wicket vs Yorkshire EXCLUSIVE : Shahid Afridi Interview After Retirement shahid afridi retires Shahid Afridi quits ...
- published: 04 Oct 2011
- views: 61091
- author: Bilal Baig
Pakistani cricket team showing respect for the Airblue crash victims
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:36
- Updated: 17 Sep 2012
Pakistani Players wearing black arm bands as recognition of the Airblue crash in 2010.
http://wn.com/Pakistani_cricket_team_showing_respect_for_the_Airblue_crash_victims
Pakistani Players wearing black arm bands as recognition of the Airblue crash in 2010.
- published: 28 May 2012
- views: 1531
- author: yoemer
Indian Cricket Team TROLLED "Aane Do Pakistan Ko"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:54
- Updated: 15 Jan 2013
#Ind vs Pak 2nd ODI 2013 #India vs Pakistan 2nd ODI 2012 # India vs Pakistan full Highlights 2nd ODI 2013 # Nasir Jamshed 106 vs India #Junaid Khan 3 Wickets vs India Junaid Khan vs Gambhir # MS Dhoni 54 vs Pakitsan 2nd ODI #pakistan beat India in 2013 Pakistan historic win over india.. # Pakistan Media trolling Vinod Kambli #Hazeef 76 vs India kamran akmal catch vs india 2nd odi of virat India vs Pakistan 3rd ODI 2013 Dehli #Celkon Mobile Virat Kohli ad #Celkon Mobile tv commercial India #Celkon mobile virat kohli #Dhoni pepsi commercial #Indian tv commercials Dhoni Biggest Six IPL 2012 Dhoni 183 vs Srilanka Dhoni Fastest Stumping ever India vs Pakistan T20 Series 2012 Ms Dhoni Six vs srilanka Final 2011 World cup Sachin Tendulkar Retirement from Cricket Chris Gayle 5 Sixes Chris Gayle 13 Sixes Afridi Biggest Six vs Symonds Brett Lee Retires From International Cricket Mark Boucher Eye Injury Kevin Pietersen Returns From Retirement Afridi 37 Ball 100 Saeed Anwar 194 vs India Sachin Tendulkar 200 vs South Africa Sachin Tendulkar 100th 100 Highlights Imran Nazir vs India Saeed Ajmal vs England Saeed Ajmal Doosra Saeed Ajmal Teesra Sehwag 219 vs Westindies Sunil Narine IPL 2012 Sunil Narine vs Newzealand Sunil narine Wickets vs Australia Yuvraj Singh Six Sixes vs Broad t20 Darren Sammy Sixes Kieron Pollard vs India Hundred Junaid Khan 5 Wickets vs SriLanka 2012 Sangakkara Stranded on 199 vs Pakistan 2012 Mathews 80 vs pakistan 5th odi 2012 colombo India vs Pakistan Biletarel ...
http://wn.com/Indian_Cricket_Team_TROLLED_Aane_Do_Pakistan_Ko
#Ind vs Pak 2nd ODI 2013 #India vs Pakistan 2nd ODI 2012 # India vs Pakistan full Highlights 2nd ODI 2013 # Nasir Jamshed 106 vs India #Junaid Khan 3 Wickets vs India Junaid Khan vs Gambhir # MS Dhoni 54 vs Pakitsan 2nd ODI #pakistan beat India in 2013 Pakistan historic win over india.. # Pakistan Media trolling Vinod Kambli #Hazeef 76 vs India kamran akmal catch vs india 2nd odi of virat India vs Pakistan 3rd ODI 2013 Dehli #Celkon Mobile Virat Kohli ad #Celkon Mobile tv commercial India #Celkon mobile virat kohli #Dhoni pepsi commercial #Indian tv commercials Dhoni Biggest Six IPL 2012 Dhoni 183 vs Srilanka Dhoni Fastest Stumping ever India vs Pakistan T20 Series 2012 Ms Dhoni Six vs srilanka Final 2011 World cup Sachin Tendulkar Retirement from Cricket Chris Gayle 5 Sixes Chris Gayle 13 Sixes Afridi Biggest Six vs Symonds Brett Lee Retires From International Cricket Mark Boucher Eye Injury Kevin Pietersen Returns From Retirement Afridi 37 Ball 100 Saeed Anwar 194 vs India Sachin Tendulkar 200 vs South Africa Sachin Tendulkar 100th 100 Highlights Imran Nazir vs India Saeed Ajmal vs England Saeed Ajmal Doosra Saeed Ajmal Teesra Sehwag 219 vs Westindies Sunil Narine IPL 2012 Sunil Narine vs Newzealand Sunil narine Wickets vs Australia Yuvraj Singh Six Sixes vs Broad t20 Darren Sammy Sixes Kieron Pollard vs India Hundred Junaid Khan 5 Wickets vs SriLanka 2012 Sangakkara Stranded on 199 vs Pakistan 2012 Mathews 80 vs pakistan 5th odi 2012 colombo India vs Pakistan Biletarel ...
- published: 05 Jan 2013
- views: 10000
- author: TrollCricket
Pakistani Cricket Team Song For T20 World Cup 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:38
- Updated: 16 Dec 2012
Pakistani Cricket Team Song For World Cup 2011
http://wn.com/Pakistani_Cricket_Team_Song_For_T20_World_Cup_2012
Pakistani Cricket Team Song For World Cup 2011
- published: 17 Mar 2011
- views: 99059
- author: TheCricketpromos
pakistan cricket team practising for tournament
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:29
- Updated: 14 Jan 2013
Cricket in Pakistan has a history of even before the creation of the country in 1947. The first ever international cricket match in what is Pakistan today was held in Karachi on November 22, 1935 between Sindhi and Australian cricket teams. The match was seen by 5000 Karachites. [1] It was introduced by the British during their colonial rule of British India, which covered the area now known as Pakistan. Despite Field hockey being the national sport of Pakistan, cricket is the most popular sport in the country.[2] Pakistan has produced many talented cricketers who have been among the best batsmen and bowlers in international cricket. The Pakistan Cricket Board controls both all domestic cricket tournaments. Pakistan is an official member of the International Cricket Council and the Asian Cricket Council.
http://wn.com/pakistan_cricket_team_practising_for_tournament
Cricket in Pakistan has a history of even before the creation of the country in 1947. The first ever international cricket match in what is Pakistan today was held in Karachi on November 22, 1935 between Sindhi and Australian cricket teams. The match was seen by 5000 Karachites. [1] It was introduced by the British during their colonial rule of British India, which covered the area now known as Pakistan. Despite Field hockey being the national sport of Pakistan, cricket is the most popular sport in the country.[2] Pakistan has produced many talented cricketers who have been among the best batsmen and bowlers in international cricket. The Pakistan Cricket Board controls both all domestic cricket tournaments. Pakistan is an official member of the International Cricket Council and the Asian Cricket Council.
- published: 05 Oct 2012
- views: 1
- author: IndianSportsClub
India and Pakistan Cricket Team-Shahrukh Khan in the party
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:24
- Updated: 10 Jan 2013
This video is from the party which was organized by Shah Rukh Khan in honor of the Indian Cricket Team for winning the 20-20 World Cup
http://wn.com/India_and_Pakistan_Cricket_Team-Shahrukh_Khan_in_the_party
This video is from the party which was organized by Shah Rukh Khan in honor of the Indian Cricket Team for winning the 20-20 World Cup
- published: 04 Feb 2008
- views: 1099542
- author: Indiamaza
Pakistan Cricket Team: India (2000)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:00
- Updated: 05 Jan 2013
http://wn.com/Pakistan_Cricket_Team_India_2000
pakistani cricket team rare pictures.avi
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:13
- Updated: 06 Jan 2013
pakistani cricket team rare pictures , waqar younis ,shahid afridi , shoaib akhter , imran khan , inzmam ,
http://wn.com/pakistani_cricket_team_rare_picturesavi
pakistani cricket team rare pictures , waqar younis ,shahid afridi , shoaib akhter , imran khan , inzmam ,
- published: 21 Feb 2011
- views: 71483
- author: myvideosbucket
Legends Of Pakistani Cricket HD: A Tribute To The Men Who Changed The Game
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:49
- Updated: 14 Jan 2013
A tribute to some of the legends of Pakistan Cricket - The Pakistani men who changed the game - including the likes of Imran Khan, Zaheer Abbas, Wasim Akram & many more. Including clips from classic Pakistan matches such as the Pakistan VS England 1992 Cricket world cup final and the India VS Pakistan Australasia cup final with Javed Miandad's last ball 6. In particular I would like to thank the following people for providing me with the material to produce this tribute: Robelinda2 CorneredTigerUK www.CricOnline.TV The video has a look at the following cricketers: Saeed Anwar Zaheer Abbas (Voice over by Sunil Gavaskar) Javed Miandad Mohammad Yousuf Saqlain Mushatq Mushtaq Ahmed Abdul Qadir Inzamam Ul Haq Wasim Akram (Voice over by Ravi Shastri) Waqar Younis Imran Khan (Voice over by Tony Greig) The song featured is "Ghoom Tana" by Pakistani rock band Junoon ***DISCLAIMER: I DO NOT OWN THE RIGHTS TO THE MUSIC OR FOTTAGE USED IN THIS VIDEO & THIS VIDEO IS NOT BEING USED FOR PROMOTIONAL MEANS!***
http://wn.com/Legends_Of_Pakistani_Cricket_HD_A_Tribute_To_The_Men_Who_Changed_The_Game
A tribute to some of the legends of Pakistan Cricket - The Pakistani men who changed the game - including the likes of Imran Khan, Zaheer Abbas, Wasim Akram & many more. Including clips from classic Pakistan matches such as the Pakistan VS England 1992 Cricket world cup final and the India VS Pakistan Australasia cup final with Javed Miandad's last ball 6. In particular I would like to thank the following people for providing me with the material to produce this tribute: Robelinda2 CorneredTigerUK www.CricOnline.TV The video has a look at the following cricketers: Saeed Anwar Zaheer Abbas (Voice over by Sunil Gavaskar) Javed Miandad Mohammad Yousuf Saqlain Mushatq Mushtaq Ahmed Abdul Qadir Inzamam Ul Haq Wasim Akram (Voice over by Ravi Shastri) Waqar Younis Imran Khan (Voice over by Tony Greig) The song featured is "Ghoom Tana" by Pakistani rock band Junoon ***DISCLAIMER: I DO NOT OWN THE RIGHTS TO THE MUSIC OR FOTTAGE USED IN THIS VIDEO & THIS VIDEO IS NOT BEING USED FOR PROMOTIONAL MEANS!***
- published: 17 Apr 2012
- views: 12602
- author: Talha Syed
Gavaskar and Imran's solution for Indian cricket
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:27
- Updated: 15 Jan 2013
Former cricketers Sunil Gavaskar and Imran Khan assess India's second ODI defeat to Pakistan and examine the weaknesses and suggest measures to help the men in blue. Also praise Pakistan's effort.
http://wn.com/Gavaskar_and_Imran's_solution_for_Indian_cricket
Former cricketers Sunil Gavaskar and Imran Khan assess India's second ODI defeat to Pakistan and examine the weaknesses and suggest measures to help the men in blue. Also praise Pakistan's effort.
- published: 04 Jan 2013
- views: 10271
- author: ndtv
Pakistan cricket team at their best
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:56
- Updated: 14 Jan 2013
PAK please rate comment and subscribe
http://wn.com/Pakistan_cricket_team_at_their_best
World's Tallest Bowler Muhammad Irfan 1st Debut Over - Pakistan vs India 1st T20 - 7 Feet 1 inch Guy
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:46
- Updated: 14 Jan 2013
Tallest Bowler Muhammad Irfan 1st Debut Over - Pakistan vs India 1st T20 - 7 Feet 1 inch Guy Subscribe for Daily Pakistani & World Cricket Updates bit.ly We'll update, all new, old, classic & rare clips, subscribe to enjoy them all. SUPPORT US: By Subscribing Our Channel & Liking Our Videos bit.ly
http://wn.com/World's_Tallest_Bowler_Muhammad_Irfan_1st_Debut_Over_Pakistan_vs_India_1st_T20_7_Feet_1_inch_Guy
Tallest Bowler Muhammad Irfan 1st Debut Over - Pakistan vs India 1st T20 - 7 Feet 1 inch Guy Subscribe for Daily Pakistani & World Cricket Updates bit.ly We'll update, all new, old, classic & rare clips, subscribe to enjoy them all. SUPPORT US: By Subscribing Our Channel & Liking Our Videos bit.ly
- published: 25 Dec 2012
- views: 18231
- author: MrCricketCh
Pakistan vs Australia, 2nd T20 "07/09/2012" Super Over
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:00
- Updated: 14 Jan 2013
Watch Live Cricket in HD: livecrickethd.com Australia tour of United Arab Emirates, 2012 Australia v Pakistan Match tied (Pakistan won the one-over eliminator) Join us on facebook www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/Pakistan_vs_Australia,_2nd_T20_07_09_2012_Super_Over
Watch Live Cricket in HD: livecrickethd.com Australia tour of United Arab Emirates, 2012 Australia v Pakistan Match tied (Pakistan won the one-over eliminator) Join us on facebook www.facebook.com
- published: 07 Sep 2012
- views: 234276
- author: Live Cricket HD
KINGS Of REVERSE SWING (TRIBUTE TO PAKISTAN CRICKET TEAM)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:18
- Updated: 13 Dec 2012
kings of reverse swing wasim akram , waqar younis , shoaib akhter khalidkhan0070 khalid khan
http://wn.com/KINGS_Of_REVERSE_SWING_TRIBUTE_TO_PAKISTAN_CRICKET_TEAM
kings of reverse swing wasim akram , waqar younis , shoaib akhter khalidkhan0070 khalid khan
- published: 14 Mar 2011
- views: 78939
- author: major0070
Funny Video of Azizi hasbehaal bashing Pakistan cricket team
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:07
- Updated: 19 Dec 2012
Funny Video Azizi hasbehaal bashing Pakistan cricket team in funny way.For more funny videos, visit siasitotay.com
http://wn.com/Funny_Video_of_Azizi_hasbehaal_bashing_Pakistan_cricket_team
Funny Video Azizi hasbehaal bashing Pakistan cricket team in funny way.For more funny videos, visit siasitotay.com
- published: 05 Mar 2010
- views: 162745
- author: SiasiTotay
India vs Pakistan - Aane Do! (LO AA GAYA PAKISTAN) :P
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:36
- Updated: 15 Jan 2013
For Daily dose of Paki Comics, Like my Page on Facebook: www.facebook.com Actually there was no need of makin this video but it is exactly the reply for the promotional videos released by our neighbor India. For your Information, Pak and Ind have played 121 matches and Pakistan won 71 till date. Thing is, this is the same ruling media which talks about Peace and Aman ki Aasha with Pakistan and at the same time flare-up the emotions of both sides. We the people get emotional by their tactics..Think abt it :)Peace!
http://wn.com/India_vs_Pakistan_Aane_Do!_LO_AA_GAYA_PAKISTAN_P
For Daily dose of Paki Comics, Like my Page on Facebook: www.facebook.com Actually there was no need of makin this video but it is exactly the reply for the promotional videos released by our neighbor India. For your Information, Pak and Ind have played 121 matches and Pakistan won 71 till date. Thing is, this is the same ruling media which talks about Peace and Aman ki Aasha with Pakistan and at the same time flare-up the emotions of both sides. We the people get emotional by their tactics..Think abt it :)Peace!
- published: 03 Jan 2013
- views: 6586
- author: RealDirector
Indian media and fans' blast Indian Cricket Team In Veena Malik's Show
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:52
- Updated: 14 Jan 2013
http://wn.com/Indian_media_and_fans'_blast_Indian_Cricket_Team_In_Veena_Malik's_Show
Pakistan Cricket 2011 ICC World Cup Song
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:25
- Updated: 13 Jan 2013
CHEER TEAM PAKISTAN FOR WC 2011 PAKISTAN'S SQUAD FOR WORLD CUP 2011. Abdul Razzaq Abdur Rehman Ahmed Shehzad Asad Shafiq Junaid Khan Kamran Akmal (wk) Misbah-ul-Haq (VC) Mohammad Hafeez Saeed Ajmal Shahid Afridi (C) Shoaib Akhtar Umar Akmal Umar Gul Wahab Riaz Younis Khan For lastest Cricket Updates, Visit www.cric247.info
http://wn.com/Pakistan_Cricket_2011_ICC_World_Cup_Song
CHEER TEAM PAKISTAN FOR WC 2011 PAKISTAN'S SQUAD FOR WORLD CUP 2011. Abdul Razzaq Abdur Rehman Ahmed Shehzad Asad Shafiq Junaid Khan Kamran Akmal (wk) Misbah-ul-Haq (VC) Mohammad Hafeez Saeed Ajmal Shahid Afridi (C) Shoaib Akhtar Umar Akmal Umar Gul Wahab Riaz Younis Khan For lastest Cricket Updates, Visit www.cric247.info
- published: 27 Jan 2011
- views: 200971
- author: Waqas Ahmad
Tribute To Pakistan cricket team
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:05
- Updated: 19 Dec 2012
Tribute to Pakistan on Being a World t20 Champion
http://wn.com/Tribute_To_Pakistan_cricket_team
Tribute to Pakistan on Being a World t20 Champion
- published: 30 Jun 2009
- views: 80252
- author: Rehankhan360
PAKISTAN BATTING FALL OF WICKETS - India Vs Pakistan 3rd ODI 2013 6th January 2013 Ind Vs Pak 2013
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:32
- Updated: 14 Jan 2013
PAKISTAN FALL OF WICKETS - India Vs Pakistan 3rd ODI 2013 6th January 2013 Ind Vs Pak 2013 Innings PAKISTAN INNINGS FALL OF WICKETS - India Vs Pakistan 3rd ODI 2013 6th January 2013 Ind Vs Pak 2013 Pakistan all out Winning Moments Ind Vs Pak 2013 india 167 all out Pak 2013 India Allout...
http://wn.com/PAKISTAN_BATTING_FALL_OF_WICKETS_India_Vs_Pakistan_3rd_ODI_2013_6th_January_2013_Ind_Vs_Pak_2013
PAKISTAN FALL OF WICKETS - India Vs Pakistan 3rd ODI 2013 6th January 2013 Ind Vs Pak 2013 Innings PAKISTAN INNINGS FALL OF WICKETS - India Vs Pakistan 3rd ODI 2013 6th January 2013 Ind Vs Pak 2013 Pakistan all out Winning Moments Ind Vs Pak 2013 india 167 all out Pak 2013 India Allout...
- published: 06 Jan 2013
- views: 20727
- author: MrAfro271
photo: AP / Adj Nicolas-Nelson Richard, ECPAD
14 Jan 2013
Bamako/Paris - French fighter jets pounded Islamist rebel strongholds deep in northern Mali on Sunday as Paris poured more troops into the capital, Bamako, awaiting a West African force to dislodge al-Qaeda-linked insurgents from the country’s north ... Defence Minister Jean-Yves le Drian said France’s intervention on Friday prevented the advancing rebels from seizing Bamako and vowed air strikes would continue ... – ... Doubt....(size: 6.6Kb)
photo: AP / Kevin Frayer
14 Jan 2013
Allahabad. Hundreds of thousands of Hindu pilgrims led by naked, ash-covered holy men streamed into the sacred river Ganges on Monday at the start of the world's biggest religious festival. The Kumbh Mela in the Indian town of Allahabad will see up to 100 million worshippers gather over the next 55 days to take a ritual bath in the holy waters, believed to cleanse sins and bestow blessings ... "I am ecstatic ... Agence France-Presse ....(size: 4.2Kb)
photo: WN / Jamal Penjweny
15 Jan 2013
WASHINGTON. Suicides in the U.S. military surged to a record 349 last year, far exceeding American combat deaths in Afghanistan, and some private experts are predicting the dark trend will grow worse this year. The Pentagon has struggled to deal with the suicides, which Defense Secretary Leon Panetta and others have called an epidemic ... Last year’s total is the highest since the Pentagon began closely tracking suicides in 2001 ... ....(size: 5.0Kb)
photo: US Navy / MCS2 Gretchen Albrecht
13 Jan 2013
The draft version of the US National Climate Assessment, released on Friday, makes remarkable reading – not just for Americans but for all humanity. Put together by a special panel of more than 240 scientists, the federally commissioned report reveals that the US is already reeling under the impact of global warming ... Nor is there any doubt about the cause of these rising temperatures ... A bitter struggle lies ahead ... Sender's name ... ....(size: 6.2Kb)
photo: White House / Pete Souza
14 Jan 2013
WASHINGTON -- President Barack Obama issued a strong warning to Republicans on Monday that he will not negotiate over the debt ceiling or allow Republicans to use it as a bargaining chip. "To even entertain the idea of the United States of America not paying our bills is irresponsible. It's absurd," Obama said in a press conference ... "They will not collect a ransom in exchange for not crashing the economy," Obama said ... Also on HuffPost ... ....(size: 10.3Kb)
The Times of India
15 Jan 2013
The face-off between India and Pakistan over the killing and beheading of an Indian soldier took its toll on the sporting ties between the two countries just days after the Pakistani cricket team played a bilateral series ... Sources said the other teams would soon follow suit ... Earlier, a team official expressed his displeasure over the way Hockey India has handled the issue relating to the Pakistani players....(size: 3.5Kb)
DNA India
15 Jan 2013
An editorial in the Shiv Sena mouthpiece Saamna on Tuesday said that while the Gujarat government had turned away a 22-member Pakistani delegation which had come down to participate in the ‘Vibrant Gujarat’ summit due to India’s strained relations with Pakistan, “a fortnight ago, the entire Pakistani cricket team was playing in Rajkot.”....(size: 2.0Kb)
Deccan Herald
15 Jan 2013
Fearing trouble due to Pakistani players’ presence in the upcoming Women’s World Cup in the city, the BCCI has left it on the International Cricket Council to take a final call on the venues for the team from across the border ... The eight-team Women’s World Cup is scheduled to be held entirely in Mumbai between January 31 and February 17 and there is concern that protests might lead to trouble....(size: 2.4Kb)
Deccan Herald
15 Jan 2013
Anticipating trouble due to Pakistani players' participation in the upcoming Women's World Cup in the city, the BCCI today said the International Cricket Council will take a final call on whether to stick to the original venue or change it for the team from across the border ... The eight-team Women's World Cup is scheduled to be held entirely ......(size: 1.8Kb)
Deccan Herald
15 Jan 2013
Anticipating trouble due to Pakistani players' participation in the upcoming Women's World Cup in the city, the BCCI today said the International Cricket Council will take a final call on whether to stick to the original venue or change it for the team from across the border ... The eight-team Women's World Cup is scheduled to be held entirely ......(size: 1.8Kb)
Indian Express
15 Jan 2013
Its learnt that Mumbai Magicians have decided to send back their four Pakistani players, while three other teams are mulling their options ... However, Gujarat Cricket Association (GCA) honorary secretary Rajesh Patel told The Indian Express they were not interested in hosting the Pakistani womens team during the WCC....(size: 1.7Kb)
Deccan Herald
15 Jan 2013
Anticipating trouble due to Pakistani players' participation in the upcoming Women's World Cup in the city, the BCCI today said the International Cricket Council will take a final call on whether to stick to the original venue or change it for the team from across the border ... The eight-team Women's World Cup is scheduled to be held entirely ......(size: 1.8Kb)
DNA India
15 Jan 2013
Anticipating trouble due to Pakistani players' participation in the upcoming Women's World Cup in the city, the BCCI on Tuesday said the International Cricket Council will take a final call on whether to stick to the original venue or change it for the team from across the border ... The eight-team Women's World Cup is scheduled to be held ......(size: 2.0Kb)
Newstrack India
15 Jan 2013
He said that in order to foster and nurture peace, "Pakistani actors and singers have come and worked her; Pakistani cricketers have also played here." ... Sena MP and spokesperson Sanjay Raut went a step further and said they would not even permit the Pakistan women cricket team to play in the ensuing world cup matches here ......(size: 2.8Kb)
DNA India
15 Jan 2013
DNA India
15 Jan 2013
Stuff
15 Jan 2013
Nine Pakistani players in the fledgling Hockey India League were sent home on Tuesday following protests from right-wing parties ... Batra said the Pakistanis would be paid their full salaries for the league, which started on Monday and runs to February 10 ... Pakistan is scheduled to participate in the eight-team tournament to be held at four venues in Mumbai....(size: 1.9Kb)
Deccan Chronicle
15 Jan 2013
Government sources said the decision was taken after several agencies sought clarifications on facilities to be offered to the Pakistani citizens ... Cricket was also not spared. Fearing trouble due to Pakistani players' presence in the upcoming Women's World Cup in the city, the BCCI has left it on the International Cricket Council to take a final call on the venues for the team from across the border....(size: 3.8Kb)
| Pakistan | |
|---|---|
|
Pakistan cricket crest |
|
| Test status granted | 1952 |
| First Test match | v  India at Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi in India, 16–18 October 1952. |
| Captain |
 Mohammad Hafeez (T20) |
| Coach |  Dav Whatmore |
| Official ICC Test, ODI and T20I ranking | 5th (Test) 6th (ODI) 5th (T20) [2] |
| Test matches – This year |
367 3 |
| Last Test match |  England at Dubai International Cricket Stadium, Dubai, 03–07 February 2012. |
| Wins/losses – This year |
115/100 3/0 |
| As of 30 March 2012 | |
The Pakistan cricket team (Urdu: پاکستان کرکٹ ٹیم) is the national cricket team of Pakistan. Represented by the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB), the team is a full member of the International Cricket Council, and participates in Test, ODI and Twenty20 International cricket matches.
Pakistan have played 769 ODIs, winning 415, losing 332, tying 6 and with 16 ending in no-result.[1] Pakistan were the 1992 World Cup champions, and also came runners-up in the 1999 tournament and are the current Asian Champions. Pakistan, in conjunction with other countries on the Subcontinent, have hosted the 1987 & 1996, with the 1996 final being hosted at Gaddafi Stadium in Lahore. The team has also played 53 Twenty20 Internationals, the most of any team, winning 32, losing 20 and tying 1.[2] Pakistan won the 2009 ICC World Twenty20 and came runners-up in the inaugural tournament in 2007.
Pakistan have played 367 Test matches, with winning 115, losing 100 and drawing 152. The team has the 3rd-best win/loss ratio in Test cricket of 1.15, and the 5th-best overall win percentage of 31.33%.[3] Pakistan was given Test status on 28 July 1952, following a recommendation by India, and made its Test debut against India at Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi, in October 1952, with India winning by an innings and 70 runs.[4] Previously, Pakistani cricketers had competed as a part of the Indian national team before the partition of India.
Contents |
History[link]
Main article: History of the Pakistani cricket team
See also: Cricket in Pakistan, History of cricket in Pakistan from 1947 to 1970, History of cricket in Pakistan from 1971 to 1985, History of cricket in Pakistan from 1986 to 2000, and History of cricket in Pakistan from 2001
Following the Partition of India in 1947 and the establishment of the separate country of Pakistan, cricket in the country developed steadily and Pakistan was given Test match status at a meeting of the Imperial Cricket Conference at Lord's Cricket Ground in England on 28 July 1952 following recommendation by India,[5] which, being the successor state of the British Raj, did not have to go through such a process. The first captain of the Pakistan national cricket team was Abdul Kardar.
Pakistan's first Test match was played in Delhi in October 1952 as part of a five Test series which India won 2–1. Pakistan made their first tour of England in 1954 and drew the series 1–1 after a memorable victory at The Oval in which fast bowler Fazal Mahmood took 12 wickets. Pakistan's first home Test match was in Dacca in January 1955 against India, after which four more Test matches were played in Bahawalpur, Lahore, Peshawar and Karachi (all five matches in the series were drawn, the first such occurrence in test history[6]).
The team is considered a strong but unpredictable team. Traditionally Pakistani cricket has been filled with players of great talent but limited discipline, making them a team which could play inspirational cricket one day and then perform less than ordinarily another day. Over the years, competitions between India and Pakistan have always been emotionally charged and provide for intriguing contests, as talented teams and players from both sides of the border elevate their game to new levels to produce high-quality cricket. Pakistani contest with India in the Cricket World Cup have seen packed stadiums and elevated atmospheres no matter where the World Cup has been held.
1986 Austral-Asia Cup[link]
Main article: Austral-Asia Cup
The 1986 Austral-Asia Cup, played in Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates, is remembered as a famous last-ball victory for Pakistan against arch-rivals India, with Javed Miandad emerging as a national hero.[7] India batted first and set a target of 245 runs, leaving Pakistan with a required run rate of 4.92 runs per over. Javed Miandad came in to bat at number 3 and Pakistan lost wickets at regular intervals. Later recalling the match, Miandad stated that his main focus was to lose with dignity. With 31 runs needed in the last three overs, Miandad hit a string of boundaries while batting with his team's lower order, until four runs were required from the last delivery of the match. Miandad received a leg side full toss from Chetan Sharma, which he hit for six over the midwicket boundary.[7][8]
1992 Cricket World Cup[link]
Main article: 1992 Cricket World Cup
At the 1992 World Cup Semi Final, having won the toss, New Zealand chose to bat first and ended with a total of 262 runs. Pakistan batted conservatively yet lost wickets at regular intervals. With the departure of Imran Khan and Saleem Malik shortly thereafter, Pakistan still required 115 runs at a rate of 7.67 runs per over with veteran Javed Miandad being the only known batsman remaining at the crease. A young Inzamam-ul-Haq, who had just turned 22 and was not a well-known player at the time, burst onto the international stage with a match-winning 60 off 37 balls. Once Inzamam got out, Pakistan required 36 runs from 30 balls, which wicketkeeper Moin Khan ended with a towering six over long off, followed by the winning boundary to midwicket. The match is seen as the emergence of Inzamam onto the international stage.[9][10][11]
The 1992 Cricket World Cup in Australia and New Zealand marked Pakistan's first World Cup victory. It is remembered for the comeback Pakistan made after losing key players such as Waqar Younis and Saeed Anwar and being led by an injured captain in Imran Khan. Pakistan lost 4 of their first 5 matches and were nearly eliminated in the first round of the tournament after being bowled out for 74 runs against England, until the match was declared as a "no result" due to rain. Imran Khan famously told the team to play as "cornered tigers", after which Pakistan won five successive matches, including, most famously, the semi-final against hosts New Zealand and the final against England.[12]
2007 Cricket World Cup[link]
The 2007 Cricket World Cup was one of the biggest upsets in World Cup history when Pakistan was knocked out of the competition in a shock defeat to Ireland, who were playing in their first competition. Pakistan, needing to win to qualify for the next stage after losing to the West Indies in their opening match, were put into bat by Ireland. They lost wickets regularly and only 4 batsmen scored double figures. In the end they were bowled out by the Irish for 132 runs. The Irish went on to win the match, after Niall O'Brien scored 72 runs. This meant that Pakistan had been knocked out during the first round for the second consecutive World Cup.[13][14][15] Tragedy struck the team when coach Bob Woolmer died one day later on 18 March 2007 in a hospital in Kingston, Jamaica. Jamaican police spokesman, Karl Angell, reported on 23 March 2007 that, "Mr Woolmer's death was due to asphyxiation as a result of manual strangulation" and that, "Mr Woolmer's death is now being treated by the Jamaica police as a case of murder."[16] Assistant coach Mushtaq Ahmed acted as temporary coach for the team's final group game of the tournament.[17] Subsequent to his team's defeat and the death of Woolmer, Inzamam-ul-Haq announced his resignation as captain of the team and his retirement from one-day cricket, stating that he would continue to take part in Test cricket but not as captain.[18] Shoaib Malik was announced as his successor.[19] Following his return to the squad, Salman Butt was appointed as vice-captain until December 2007.[20]
On 23 March 2007, Pakistan players and officials were questioned by Jamaican police and submitted DNA samples along with fingerprints, as part of the routine enquiries in the investigation into Woolmer's murder.[21] Three days after leaving the West Indies for Pakistan, via London, the Pakistan team were ruled out as suspects. The deputy commissioner of Jamaican police. Mark Shields, the detective in charge of the investigation, announced, "It's fair to say they are now being treated as witnesses." "I have got no evidence to suggest it was anybody in the squad."[22] A memorial service was held in Sacred Heart Church, Lahore, for Bob Woolmer on 1 April 2007. Among the attendees were Pakistan players and dignitaries, including Inzamam-ul-Haq, who was quoted as saying, "After Woolmer's family, the Pakistan team was the most aggrieved by his death."[23] After the World Cup ended, serious doubts were raised about the investigation, with increasing speculation that Woolmer died of natural causes. This has now been accepted as fact, and the case has been closed.[24] Pakistan Qualified for Final Of T20 2009 beating SouthAfrica by 7 runs in 1st semifinal.
On 20 April 2007, a PCB official announced that former Test cricketer Talat Ali would act as interim coach, in addition to his role as team manager, until a new coach had been appointed.[25] On 16 July 2007, Geoff Lawson, previously head coach of New South Wales, was appointed coach of the Pakistan for two years, becoming the third foreigner to take on the role.[26] In the 2007 ICC World Twenty20, Pakistan exceeded expectations to reach the final but ended as runners-up, after losing the final to India in a nail-biting finish. On 25 October 2008, Intikhab Alam was named as a national coach of the team by the PCB.
2009 ICC World T20[link]
On 21 June 2009 Pakistan won the 2009 ICC World Twenty20, beating Sri Lanka in the final by eight wickets. Pakistan had begun the tournament slowly losing two of their first three matches but after dismissing New Zealand for 99 runs in the Super 8 stage they had a run of four consecutive wins including beating previously unbeaten South Africa, in the semi-final and Sri Lanka.
2011 Cricket World Cup[link]
Pakistan started well in the ICC Cricket World Cup, which was held in India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh, after beating Kenya, Sri Lanka(one of the tournament favourites) and narrowly beating Canada. After a huge loss against New Zealand, Pakistan defeated Zimbabwe by 7 wickets.'. One of the highlights of the tournament for Pakistan was when they beat Australia, who were led by 3 brilliant pace bowlers, Brett Lee, Shaun Tait and Mitchell Johnson. However Pakistan defied the odds and defeated Australia, courtesy of a brilliant bowling display. In the Quarter-Finals they played West Indies. Pakistan were ruthless, as they emphatically beat the West Indies by 10 wickets,due to another brilliant bowling display. In the Semi-Finals on 30 March, Pakistan had a match with its fiercest rival, India. India, due to Tendulkar who was dropped several times, managed 260 after they batted first. Due to a slow chase, Pakistan were 29 runs short as India reached the final(India went on to win the final). Pakistan has never defeated India in an ODI World Cup match to date.
Governing body[link]
Main article: Pakistan Cricket Board
The Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) is responsible for all first class and Test cricket played in Pakistan and by the Pakistan cricket team. It was admitted to the International Cricket Council in July 1953. The corporation has been run by former cricketers, professional administrators and trustees, who are often respected businessmen. The Board governs a network of teams sponsored by corporations and banks, city associations and clubs including advertising, broadcasting rights and internet partners.[27]
The PCB's experiment with the Twenty20 cricket model has also proven popular and hopes to similarly revive popular interest in domestic games,which it did. The PCB also set up major domestic competitions such as the Quaid-i-Azam Trophy and the Faysal Bank T20 Cup.[28]
Tournament history[link]
| World Cup | World Twenty20 | Champions Trophy | Asia Cup | Austral-Asia Cup | Asian Test Championship | Commonwealth Games |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
List of International grounds[link]
See also: List of cricket grounds in Pakistan
| Stadium | City | Test matches | ODI matches |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gaddafi Stadium | Lahore | 39 | 57 |
| National Cricket Stadium | Karachi | 41 | 46 |
| Iqbal Stadium | Faisalabad | 24 | 16 |
| Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium | Rawalpindi | 8 | 21 |
| Arbab Niaz Stadium | Peshawar | 6 | 15 |
| Multan Cricket Stadium | Multan | 5 | 7 |
| Niaz Stadium | Hyderabad | 5 | 7 |
| Jinnah Stadium (Sialkot) | Sialkot | 4 | 9 |
| Bagh-e-Jinnah (Lahore) | Lahore | 3 | 0 |
| Sheikhupura Stadium | Sheikhupura | 2 | 2 |
| Jinnah Stadium | Gujranwala | 1 | 11 |
| Ibn-e-Qasim Bagh Stadium | Multan | 1 | 6 |
| Pindi Club Ground | Rawalpindi | 1 | 2 |
| Defence Housing Authority Stadium | Karachi | 1 | 0 |
| Bahawal Stadium | Bahawalpur | 1 | 0 |
| Zafar Ali Stadium | Sahiwal | 0 | 2 |
| Ayub National Stadium | Quetta | 0 | 2 |
| Sargodha Stadium | Sargodha | 0 | 1 |
| Bugti Stadium | Quetta | 0 | 1 |
| Zahoor Elahi Stadium | Gujrat | 0 | 0 |
Pakistan women's cricket team[link]
Main article: Pakistan national women's cricket team
The Pakistan women's cricket team has a much lower profile than the men's team. For all national women's cricket teams, the female players are paid much less their male counterparts and the women's teams do not receive as much popular support or recognition as the men's team. The women's teams also have a less packed schedule compared to men's teams and play fewer matches. The team played it first match during 1997, when it was on tour of New Zealand and Australia and were invited to the World Cup later that year and in the Women's Asia Cup during 2005 the team came third place. During 2007, the team with face South Africa and later in the year travel to Ireland to play in the Women's World Cup Qualifier. The team also played at the T20 England World Cup, the team finished 6th place, beating Sri Lanka and South Africa in 2009.
Team Colours[link]
In Test matches, the team wears cricket whites, with an optional sweater or sweater-vest with a green and gold V-neck for use in cold weather. The team's official sponsor's have been Pepsi since the 1990s with their logo displayed on the right side of the chest and sleeve with the Pakistan Cricket star deployed on the left. Boom Boom Cricket signed a deal with Pakistan Cricket Board in April 2010 and are the current manufactures of their test and One Day clothing.[29]
Pakistan's One Day and Twenty 20 kits vary from year to year with the team wearing its famous green color in various shades from kit to kit. For official ICC Tournament's 'Pakistan' is written on the front of the jersey in place of the sponsor logo, with the sponsor logo being placed on the sleeve. However for non ICC tournaments and matches the 'Pepsi' logo feature prominently on the front of the shirt. As always the Pakistan logo is placed on the left chest. An example of the different shades of green Pakistan wears from kit to kit can be seen in the example of the 2010–11 kit which was in the famous lime green color.[30][31] However for the World Cup a new jersey with a dark green to light green fade was introduced in February 2011.[32] Minor changes were made to the kit after the World Cup, 'Pakistan' across the shirt was replaced with the 'Pepsi' logo, whilst the World Cup logo was replaced by the 'Boom Boom' logo.[33][34]
Logo[link]
Pakistan's Cricket Team's Logo is a star, usually in the color Gold or Green, with the word "Pakistan" (پاکِستان) written inside in Urdu, Pakistan's national language.
Personnel[link]
Current squad[link]
This is a list of all the players who have played for Pakistan since 1 February 2011 and the forms in which they have participated. The Pakistan announced itsmost recent central contracts on 8 August 2011. They are graded A, B, C, according to pay and also included a list of players who received a one-off stipend. Opening batsman Sharjeel Khan has a grade C contract but has not represented Pakistan at international level.[35]
- Key
Coaching staff[link]
Management staff[link]
Records[link]Batting[link]Test Batting Records[link]
One Day International Batting Records[link]
Bowling[link]
Controversies[link]Ball Tampering[link]Reverse swing[link]Main article: Reverse Swing
Reverse swing was first discovered by Sarfraz Nawaz in the 1970s, who then passed it on to another Pakistani bowler, Imran Khan. Khan mastered reverse swing and the evidence of reverse swing by him was seen in 1983 in a Test match against India at Karachi, where he took 5 wickets in 25 balls. Imran Khan subsequently passed this skill on to Waqar Younis and Wasim Akram who are considered to have been the finest exponents of the delivery.[36][37][38] On Pakistan's 1992 tour of England, England had no answer to the reverse swing, a new phenomenon to them. Pakistan won the series 2–1. The series was controversial one as the Pakistani team were accused of ball tampering, particularly being discriminated against by the English media. However, it was later proved that the Pakistani bowlers were simply ahead of their time. Following this episode, reverse swing expanded around the cricket world and more bowlers, including those from England, mastered the technique. 2006 incident[link]During the fourth Test against England at the Oval on 20 August 2006, ball tampering accusations were made against the Pakistani team, which resulted in the team forfeiting the match. On the fourth day of the Test, during England's second innings, the ball began to late reverse swing for Umar Gul in particular, resulting in him dismissing Alastair Cook LBW to an inswinging yorker. Four overs later, on examining the ball, umpire Darrell Hair decided there was evidence that the ball had been tampered with. He consulted with the other umpire, Billy Doctrove and penalised the Pakistani team for interfering with the condition of the ball, awarding five runs to England. Following the playing conditions for that Test, the England batsmen were allowed to choose a replacement ball from a selection of six provided. Although play continued until the end of the afternoon session, the Pakistani team decided in principle, not to reappear at the start of the third session. This decision was made in protest of what they believed to be an unjust and insensitive decision. Pakistan's claim was that the ball had been damaged by being hit to the boundary. As a result of the Pakistani team's failure to appear at the field, the umpires awarded the test to England, cricket's first and only forfeiture till July 2008 when the cricket's international governing body International Cricket Council (ICC) changed the result of the test from an English win to a draw (it was then restored to an England win in February 2009). The Pakistani team was cleared of any wrongdoing and Darrell Hair was banned when further proceedings saw captain Inzamam-ul-Haq found not guilty of ball tampering. However, the team's protest led to him being banned for four games on the charge of bringing the game of cricket into disrepute.[39][40][41] Match fixing[link]2010 spot-fixing allegations[link]During Pakistan Tour of England In 2010 British tabloid newspaper News of the World alleged spot-fixing had been taking place involving 3 of the Pakistani test players.[42][43] [www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/cricket/16518633]</ref> Doping[link]Immediately following the 2006 ball tampering controversy was the news that front line fast bowlers Shoaib Akhtar and Mohammad Asif had both tested positive for Nandrolone, a banned anabolic steroid. Though both denied any substance abuse, on 1 November 2006 both Akhtar and Asif were banned for a period of 2 years and 1 year respectively. However, both fast bowlers were successful in their appeals with the earlier bans being revoked. The World Anti-Doping Agency made an appeal in the Court of Arbitration for Sport over the revoking of this ban.[44] However, the Court of Arbitration for Sport later dropped the case, ruling it had no jurisdiction to challenge the decision made by PCB.[45][46] See also[link]
References[link]
External links[link]
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http://wn.com/Pakistan_national_cricket_team
Related pages:
http://fr.wn.com/Équipe du Pakistan de cricket
http://nl.wn.com/Pakistaans cricketelftal
http://pt.wn.com/Seleção de Críquete do Paquistão
http://de.wn.com/Pakistanische Cricket-Nationalmannschaft
http://it.wn.com/Nazionale di cricket del Pakistan
http://hi.wn.com/पाकिस्तान क्रिकेट टीम
http://id.wn.com/Tim nasional kriket Pakistan
http://es.wn.com/Selección de críquet de Pakistán
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_national_cricket_team
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the sport. For the insect, see Cricket (insect). For other uses, see Cricket (disambiguation).
"Cricketer" redirects here. For other uses, see Cricketer (disambiguation).
 A bowler bowling to a batsman. The paler strip is the cricket pitch. The two sets of three wooden stumps on the pitch are the wickets. The two white lines are the creases. |
|
| Highest governing body | International Cricket Council |
|---|---|
| First played | 16th century (modern) |
| Characteristics | |
| Team members | 11 players per side substitute fielders (only) are permitted in cases of injury or illness |
| Mixed gender | Single |
| Categorization | Team, Bat-and-ball |
| Equipment | Cricket ball, cricket bat, wicket: stumps, bails |
| Venue | Cricket field |
| Olympic | 1900 Summer Olympics only |
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of 11 players on a field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard long pitch. One team bats, trying to score as many runs as possible while the other team bowls and fields, trying to dismiss the batsmen and thus limit the runs scored by the batting team. A run is scored by the striking batsman hitting the ball with his bat, running to the opposite end of the pitch and touching the crease there without being dismissed. The teams switch between batting and fielding at the end of an innings.
In professional cricket the length of a game ranges from 20 overs of six bowling deliveries per side to Test cricket played over five days. The Laws of Cricket are maintained by the International Cricket Council (ICC) and the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) with additional Standard Playing Conditions for Test matches and One Day Internationals.[1]
Cricket was first played in southern England in the 16th century. By the end of the 18th century, it had developed into the national sport of England. The expansion of the British Empire led to cricket being played overseas and by the mid-19th century the first international matches were being held. The ICC, the game's governing body, has ten full members.[2] The game is played particularly in Australasia, the Indian subcontinent, the West Indies, Southern Africa and England.
Contents |
History[link]
Main article: History of cricket
Early cricket was at some time or another described as "a club striking a ball (like) the ancient games of club-ball, stool-ball, trap-ball, stob-ball".[3] Cricket can definitely be traced back to Tudor times in early 16th-century England. Written evidence exists of a game known as creag being played by Prince Edward, the son of Edward I (Longshanks), at Newenden, Kent in 1301[4] and there has been speculation, but no evidence, that this was a form of cricket.
A number of other words have been suggested as sources for the term "cricket". In the earliest definite reference to the sport in 1598,[5] it is called creckett. Given the strong medieval trade connections between south-east England and the County of Flanders when the latter belonged to the Duchy of Burgundy, the name may have been derived from the Middle Dutch[6] krick(-e), meaning a stick (crook); or the Old English cricc or cryce meaning a crutch or staff.[7] In Old French, the word criquet seems to have meant a kind of club or stick.[8] In Samuel Johnson's Dictionary, he derived cricket from "cryce, Saxon, a stick".[9] Another possible source is the Middle Dutch word krickstoel, meaning a long low stool used for kneeling in church and which resembled the long low wicket with two stumps used in early cricket.[10] According to Heiner Gillmeister, a European language expert of Bonn University, "cricket" derives from the Middle Dutch phrase for hockey, met de (krik ket)sen (i.e., "with the stick chase").[11] Dr Gillmeister believes that not only the name but the sport itself is of Flemish origin.[12]
The earliest definite reference to cricket being played in England (and hence anywhere) is in evidence given at a 1598 court case which mentions that "creckett" was played on common land in Guildford, Surrey, around 1550. The court in Guildford heard on Monday, 17 January 1597 (Julian date, equating to the year 1598 in the Gregorian calendar) from a 59 year-old coroner, John Derrick, who gave witness that when he was a scholar at the "Free School at Guildford", fifty years earlier, "hee and diverse of his fellows did runne and play [on the common land] at creckett and other plaies."[13][14] It is believed that it was originally a children's game but references around 1610[14] indicate that adults had started playing it and the earliest reference to inter-parish or village cricket occurs soon afterwards. In 1624, a player called Jasper Vinall was killed when he was struck on the head during a match between two parish teams in Sussex.[15]
During the 17th century, numerous references indicate the growth of cricket in the south-east of England. By the end of the century, it had become an organised activity being played for high stakes and it is believed that the first professionals appeared in the years following the Restoration in 1660. A newspaper report survives of "a great cricket match" with eleven players a side that was played for high stakes in Sussex in 1697 and this is the earliest known reference to a cricket match of such importance.
The game underwent major development in the 18th century and became the national sport of England. Betting played a major part in that development with rich patrons forming their own "select XIs". Cricket was prominent in London as early as 1707 and large crowds flocked to matches on the Artillery Ground in Finsbury. The single wicket form of the sport attracted huge crowds and wagers to match. Bowling evolved around 1760 when bowlers began to pitch the ball instead of rolling or skimming it towards the batsman. This caused a revolution in bat design because, to deal with the bouncing ball, it was necessary to introduce the modern straight bat in place of the old "hockey stick" shape. The Hambledon Club was founded in the 1760s and, for the next 20 years until the formation of MCC and the opening of Lord's Old Ground in 1787, Hambledon was both the game's greatest club and its focal point. MCC quickly became the sport's premier club and the custodian of the Laws of Cricket. New Laws introduced in the latter part of the 18th century included the three stump wicket and leg before wicket (lbw).
The 19th century saw underarm bowling replaced by first roundarm and then overarm bowling. Both developments were controversial. Organisation of the game at county level led to the creation of the county clubs, starting with Sussex CCC in 1839, which ultimately formed the official County Championship in 1890. Meanwhile, the British Empire had been instrumental in spreading the game overseas and by the middle of the 19th century it had become well established in India, North America, the Caribbean, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In 1844, the first international cricket match took place between the United States and Canada (although neither has ever been ranked as a Test-playing nation).
In 1859, a team of England players went on the first overseas tour (to North America). The first Australian team to tour overseas was a team of Aboriginal stockmen who travelled to England in 1868 to play matches against county teams.[17] In 1862, an English team made the first tour of Australia and in 1876–77, an England team took part in the first-ever Test match at the Melbourne Cricket Ground against Australia.
W.G. Grace started his long career in 1865; his career is often said to have revolutionised the sport.[18] The rivalry between England and Australia gave birth to The Ashes in 1882 and this has remained Test cricket's most famous contest[citation needed]. Test cricket began to expand in 1888–89 when South Africa played England. The last two decades before the First World War have been called the "Golden Age of cricket". It is a nostalgic name prompted by the collective sense of loss resulting from the war, but the period did produce some great players and memorable matches, especially as organised competition at county and Test level developed.
The inter-war years were dominated by one player: Australia's Don Bradman, statistically the greatest batsman of all time. It was the determination of the England team to overcome his skill that brought about the infamous Bodyline series in 1932–33, particularly from the accurate short-pitched bowling of Harold Larwood. Test cricket continued to expand during the 20th century with the addition of the West Indies, India, and New Zealand before the Second World War and then Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh in the post-war period. However, South Africa was banned from international cricket from 1970 to 1992 because of its government's apartheid policy.
Cricket entered a new era in 1963 when English counties introduced the limited overs variant. As it was sure to produce a result, limited overs cricket was lucrative and the number of matches increased. The first Limited Overs International was played in 1971. The governing International Cricket Council (ICC) saw its potential and staged the first limited overs Cricket World Cup in 1975. In the 21st century, a new limited overs form, Twenty20, has made an immediate impact.
Rules and game-play[link]
Main article: Laws of cricket
Summary[link]
A cricket match is played between two teams of eleven players each[19][20] on a grassy field, typically 137–150 metres (150–160 yd) in diameter.[21] The Laws of Cricket do not specify the size or shape of the field[22] but it is often oval.
A cricket match is divided into periods called innings. During an innings (innings ends with 's' in both singular and plural form), one team fields and the other bats. The two teams switch between fielding and batting after each innings. All eleven members of the fielding team take the field, but only two members of the batting team (two batsmen) are on the field at any given time.
The key action takes place in the pitch, a rectangular strip in the centre of the field. The two batsmen face each other at opposite ends of the pitch, each behind a line on the pitch known as a crease. The fielding team's eleven members stand outside the pitch, spread out across the field.
Behind each batsman is a target called a wicket. One designated member of the fielding team, called the bowler, is given a ball, and attempts to bowl the ball from one end of the pitch to the wicket behind the batsman on the other side of the pitch. The batsman tries to prevent the ball from hitting the wicket by striking the ball with a bat. If the bowler succeeds in hitting the wicket, or if the ball, after being struck by the batsman, is caught by the fielding team before it touches the ground, the batsman is dismissed. A dismissed batsman must leave the field, to be replaced by another batsman from the batting team.
If the batsman is successful in striking the ball and the ball is not caught before it hits the ground, the two batsmen may then try to score points (runs) for their team by running across the pitch, grounding their bats behind each other's crease. Each crossing and grounding by both batsmen is worth one run. The batsmen may attempt multiple runs or elect not to run at all. By attempting runs, the batsmen risk dismissal, which can happen if the fielding team retrieves the ball and hits a wicket with the ball before either batsman reaches the opposite crease.
If the batsman hits the bowled ball over the field boundary without the ball touching the field, the batting team scores six runs and may not attempt more. If the ball touches the ground and then reaches the boundary, the batting team scores four runs and may not attempt more. When the batsmen have finished attempting their runs, the ball is returned to the bowler to be bowled again. The bowler continues to bowl toward the same wicket, regardless of any switch of the batsmen's positions.[23]
After a bowler has bowled six times (an over), another member of the fielding team is designated as the new bowler. The new bowler bowls to the opposite wicket, and play continues. Fielding team members may bowl multiple times during an innings, but may not bowl two overs in succession.
The innings is complete when 10 of the 11 members of the batting team have been dismissed, one always remaining "not out", or when a set number of overs has been played. The number of innings and the number of overs per innings vary depending on the match.
Objectives[link]
The objective of each team is to score more runs than the other team. In Test cricket, it is necessary to score the most runs and dismiss the opposition twice in order to win the match, which would otherwise be drawn.
Pitch, wickets and creases[link]
See also: Stump (cricket) and Bail (cricket)
At either end of the pitch, 22 yards (20 m) apart, are placed the wickets. These serve as a target for the bowling (aka fielding) side and are defended by the batting side which seeks to accumulate runs. The pitch is 22 yards (20 m) or one chain[24] in length between the wickets and is 10 feet (3.0 m) wide. It is a flat surface and has very short grass that tends to be worn away as the game progresses. The "condition" of the pitch has a significant bearing on the match and team tactics are always determined with the state of the pitch, both current and anticipated, as a deciding factor.
Each wicket consists of three wooden stumps placed in a straight line and surmounted by two wooden crosspieces called bails; the total height of the wicket including bails is 28.5 inches (720 mm) and the combined width of the three stumps is 9 inches (230 mm).
Four lines, known as creases, are painted onto the pitch around the wicket areas to define the batsman's "safe territory" and to determine the limit of the bowler's approach. These are called the "popping" (or batting) crease, the bowling crease and two "return" creases.
The stumps are placed in line on the bowling creases and so these must be 22 yards (20 m) apart. A bowling crease is 8 feet 8 inches (2.64 m) long with the middle stump placed dead centre. The popping crease has the same length, is parallel to the bowling crease and is 4 feet (1.2 m) in front of the wicket. The return creases are perpendicular to the other two; they are adjoined to the ends of the popping crease and are drawn through the ends of the bowling crease to a length of at least 8 feet (2.4 m).
When bowling the ball, the bowler's back foot in his "delivery stride" must land within the two return creases while his front foot must land on or behind the popping crease. If the bowler breaks this rule, the umpire calls "No ball".
The importance of the popping crease to the batsman is that it marks the limit of his safe territory for he can be stumped or run out (see Dismissals below) if the wicket is broken while he is "out of his ground".
Bat and ball[link]
Main articles: Cricket bat and Cricket ball
The essence of the sport is that a bowler delivers the ball from his end of the pitch towards the batsman who, armed with a bat is "on strike" at the other end.
The bat is made of wood (usually White Willow) and has the shape of a blade topped by a cylindrical handle. The blade must not be more than 4.25 inches (108 mm) wide and the total length of the bat not more than 38 inches (970 mm).
The ball is a hard leather-seamed spheroid with a circumference of 9 inches (230 mm). The hardness of the ball, which can be delivered at speeds of more than 90 miles per hour (140 km/h), is a matter for concern and batsmen wear protective clothing including pads (designed to protect the knees and shins), batting gloves for the hands, a helmet for the head and a box inside the trousers (to protect the crotch area). Some batsmen wear additional padding inside their shirts and trousers such as thigh pads, arm pads, rib protectors and shoulder pads.
Umpires and scorers[link]
Main articles: Umpire (cricket) and Scorer
The game on the field is regulated by two umpires, one of whom stands behind the wicket at the bowler's end, the other in a position called "square leg", a position 15–20 metres to the side of the "on strike" batsman. When the bowler delivers the ball, the umpire at the wicket is between the bowler and the non-striker. The umpires confer if there is doubt about playing conditions and can postpone the match by taking the players off the field if necessary, for example rain or deterioration of the light.
Off the field and in televised matches, there is often a third umpire who can make decisions on certain incidents with the aid of video evidence. The third umpire is mandatory under the playing conditions for Test matches and limited overs internationals played between two ICC full members. These matches also have a match referee whose job is to ensure that play is within the Laws of cricket and the spirit of the game.
Off the field, the match details including runs and dismissals are recorded by two official scorers, one representing each team. The scorers are directed by the hand signals of an umpire. For example, the umpire raises a forefinger to signal that the batsman is out (has been dismissed); he raises both arms above his head if the batsman has hit the ball for six runs. The scorers are required by the Laws of cricket to record all runs scored, wickets taken and overs bowled. In practice, they accumulate much additional data such as bowling analyses and run rates.
Innings[link]
The innings (ending with 's' in both singular and plural form) is the term used for the collective performance of the batting side.[25] In theory, all eleven members of the batting side take a turn to bat but, for various reasons, an innings can end before they all do so.
Depending on the type of match being played, each team has one or two innings apiece. The term "innings" is also sometimes used to describe an individual batsman's contribution ("he played a fine innings").
The main aim of the bowler, supported by his fielders, is to dismiss the batsman. A batsman when dismissed is said to be "out" and that means he must leave the field of play and be replaced by the next batsman on his team. When ten batsmen have been dismissed (i.e., are out), then the whole team is dismissed and the innings is over. The last batsman, the one who has not been dismissed, is not allowed to continue alone as there must always be two batsmen "in". This batsman is termed "not out".
An innings can end early for three reasons: because the batting side's captain has chosen to "declare" the innings closed (which is a tactical decision), or because the batting side has achieved its target and won the game, or because the game has ended prematurely due to bad weather or running out of time. In each of these cases the team's innings ends with two "not out" batsmen, unless the innings is declared closed at the fall of a wicket and the next batsman has not joined in the play.
In limited overs cricket, there might be two batsmen still "not out" when the last of the allotted overs has been bowled.
Overs[link]
Main article: Over (cricket)
The bowler bowls the ball in sets of six deliveries (or "balls") and each set of six balls is called an over. This name came about because the umpire calls "Over!" when six balls have been bowled. At this point, another bowler is deployed at the other end, and the fielding side changes ends while the batsmen do not. A bowler cannot bowl two successive overs, although a bowler can bowl unchanged at the same end for several overs. The batsmen do not change ends and so the one who was non-striker is now the striker and vice-versa. The umpires also change positions so that the one who was at square leg now stands behind the wicket at the non-striker's end and vice-versa.
Team structure[link]
A team consists of eleven players. Depending on his or her primary skills, a player may be classified as a specialist batsman or bowler. A well-balanced team usually has five or six specialist batsmen and four or five specialist bowlers. Teams nearly always include a specialist wicket-keeper because of the importance of this fielding position. Each team is headed by a captain who is responsible for making tactical decisions such as determining the batting order, the placement of fielders and the rotation of bowlers.
A player who excels in both batting and bowling is known as an all-rounder. One who excels as a batsman and wicket-keeper is known as a "wicket-keeper/batsman", sometimes regarded as a type of all-rounder. True all-rounders are rare as most players focus on either batting or bowling skills.
Bowling[link]
The bowler reaches his delivery stride by means of a "run-up", although some bowlers with a very slow delivery take no more than a couple of steps before bowling. A fast bowler needs momentum and takes quite a long run-up, running very fast as he does so.
The fastest bowlers can deliver the ball at a speed of over 90 miles per hour (140 km/h) and they sometimes rely on sheer speed to try and defeat the batsman, who is forced to react very quickly. Other fast bowlers rely on a mixture of speed and guile. Some fast bowlers make use of the seam of the ball so that it "curves" or "swings" in flight. This type of delivery can deceive a batsman into mistiming his shot so that the ball touches the edge of the bat and can then be "caught behind" by the wicketkeeper or a slip fielder.
At the other end of the bowling scale is the "spinner" who bowls at a relatively slow pace and relies entirely on guile to deceive the batsman. A spinner will often "buy his wicket" by "tossing one up" (in a slower, higher parabolic path) to lure the batsman into making a poor shot. The batsman has to be very wary of such deliveries as they are often "flighted" or spun so that the ball will not behave quite as he expects and he could be "trapped" into getting himself out.
In between the pacemen and the spinners are the "medium pacers" who rely on persistent accuracy to try and contain the rate of scoring and wear down the batsman's concentration.
All bowlers are classified according to their looks or style. The classifications, as with much cricket terminology, can be very confusing. Hence, a bowler could be classified as LF, meaning he is a left arm fast bowler; or as LBG, meaning he is a right arm spin bowler who bowls deliveries that are called a "leg break" and a "Googly".
During the bowling action the elbow may be held at any angle and may bend further, but may not straighten out. If the elbow straightens illegally then the square-leg umpire may call no-ball: this is known as "throwing" or "chucking", and can be difficult to detect. The current laws allow a bowler to straighten his arm 15 degrees or less.
Fielding[link]
Main articles: Fielding (cricket) and Fielding strategy (cricket)
All eleven players on the fielding side take the field together. One of them is the wicket-keeper aka "keeper" who operates behind the wicket being defended by the batsman on strike. Wicket-keeping is normally a specialist occupation and his primary job is to gather deliveries that the batsman does not hit, so that the batsmen cannot run byes. He wears special gloves (he is the only fielder allowed to do so), a box over the groin, and pads to cover his lower legs. Owing to his position directly behind the striker, the wicket-keeper has a good chance of getting a batsman out caught off a fine edge from the bat. He is the only player who can get a batsman out stumped.
Apart from the one currently bowling, the other nine fielders are tactically deployed by the team captain in chosen positions around the field. These positions are not fixed but they are known by specific and sometimes colourful names such as "slip", "third man", "silly mid on" and "long leg". There are always many unprotected areas.
The captain is the most important member of the fielding side as he determines all the tactics including who should bowl (and how); and he is responsible for "setting the field", though usually in consultation with the bowler.
In all forms of cricket, if a fielder gets injured or becomes ill during a match, a substitute is allowed to field instead of him. The substitute cannot bowl, act as a captain or keep wicket. The substitute leaves the field when the injured player is fit to return.
Batting[link]
Main articles: batsman and batting (cricket)
At any one time, there are two batsmen in the playing area. One takes station at the striker's end to defend the wicket as above and to score runs if possible. His partner, the non-striker, is at the end where the bowler is operating.
Batsmen come in to bat in a batting order, decided by the team captain. The first two batsmen – the "openers" – usually face the hostile bowling from fresh fast bowlers with a new ball. The top batting positions are usually given to the most competent batsmen in the team, and the non-batsmen typically bat last. The pre-announced batting order is not mandatory and when a wicket falls any player who has not yet batted may be sent in next.
If a batsman "retires" (usually due to injury) and cannot return, he is actually "not out" and his retirement does not count as a dismissal, though in effect he has been dismissed because his innings is over. Substitute batsmen are not allowed.
A skilled batsman can use a wide array of "shots" or "strokes" in both defensive and attacking mode. The idea is to hit the ball to best effect with the flat surface of the bat's blade. If the ball touches the side of the bat it is called an "edge". Batsmen do not always seek to hit the ball as hard as possible, and a good player can score runs just by making a deft stroke with a turn of the wrists or by simply "blocking" the ball but directing it away from fielders so that he has time to take a run.
There is a wide variety of shots played in cricket. The batsman's repertoire includes strokes named according to the style of swing and the direction aimed: e.g., "cut", "drive", "hook", "pull".
Note that a batsman does not have to play a shot and can "leave" the ball to go through to the wicketkeeper, providing he thinks it will not hit his wicket. Equally, he does not have to attempt a run when he hits the ball with his bat. He can deliberately use his leg to block the ball and thereby "pad it away" but this is risky because of the leg before wicket rule.
In the event of an injured batsman being fit to bat but not to run, the umpires and the fielding captain may allow another member of the batting side to be a runner. The runner's only task is to run between the wickets instead of the injured batsman. The runner is required to wear and carry exactly the same equipment as the incapacitated batsman. It is possible for both batsmen to have runners.
Runs[link]
Main article: Run (cricket)
The primary concern of the batsman on strike (i.e., the "striker") is to prevent the ball hitting the wicket and secondarily to score runs by hitting the ball with his bat so that he and his partner have time to run from one end of the pitch to the other before the fielding side can return the ball. To register a run, both runners must touch the ground behind the crease with either their bats or their bodies (the batsmen carry their bats as they run). Each completed run increments the score.
More than one run can be scored from a single hit; but, while hits worth one to three runs are common, the size of the field is such that it is usually difficult to run four or more. To compensate for this, hits that reach the boundary of the field are automatically awarded four runs if the ball touches the ground en route to the boundary or six runs if the ball clears the boundary on the full. The batsmen do not need to run if the ball reaches or crosses the boundary.
Hits for five are unusual and generally rely on the help of "overthrows" by a fielder returning the ball. If an odd number of runs is scored by the striker, the two batsmen have changed ends, and the one who was non-striker is now the striker. Only the striker can score individual runs, but all runs are added to the team's total.
The decision to attempt a run is ideally made by the batsman who has the better view of the ball's progress, and this is communicated by calling: "yes", "no" and "wait" are often heard.
Running is a calculated risk because if a fielder breaks the wicket with the ball while the nearest batsman is out of his ground (i.e., he does not have part of his body or bat in contact with the ground behind the popping crease), the batsman is run out.
A team's score is reported in terms of the number of runs scored and the number of batsmen that have been dismissed. For example, if five batsmen are out and the team has scored 224 runs, they are said to have scored 224 for the loss of 5 wickets (commonly shortened to "224 for five" and written 224/5 or, in Australia, "five for 224" and 5/224).
Extras[link]
Main article: Extra (cricket)
Additional runs can be gained by the batting team as extras (called "sundries" in Australia) due to errors made by the fielding side. This is achieved in four ways:
- No ball: a penalty of one extra that is conceded by the bowler if he breaks the rules of bowling either by (a) using an inappropriate arm action; (b) overstepping the popping crease; (c) having a foot outside the return crease. In addition, the bowler has to re-bowl the ball. In limited overs matches, a no ball is called if the bowling team's field setting fails to comply with the restrictions. In shorter formats of the game (20–20, ODI) the free hit rule has been introduced. The ball following a front foot no-ball will be a free-hit for the batsman, whereby he is safe from losing his wicket except for being run-out.
- Wide: a penalty of one extra that is conceded by the bowler if he bowls so that the ball is out of the batsman's reach; as with a no ball, a wide must be re-bowled.
- Bye: extra(s) awarded if the batsman misses the ball and it goes past the wicketkeeper to give the batsmen time to run in the conventional way (note that one mark of a good wicketkeeper is one who restricts the tally of byes to a minimum).
- Leg bye: extra(s) awarded if the ball hits the batsman's body, but not his bat, while attempting a legitimate shot, and it goes away from the fielders to give the batsmen time to run in the conventional way.
When the bowler has bowled a no ball or a wide, his team incurs an additional penalty because that ball (i.e., delivery) has to be bowled again and hence the batting side has the opportunity to score more runs from this extra ball. The batsmen have to run (i.e., unless the ball goes to the boundary for four) to claim byes and leg byes but these only count towards the team total, not to the striker's individual total for which runs must be scored off the bat.
Dismissals (outs)[link]
Main article: Dismissal (cricket)
There are ten ways in which a batsman can be dismissed; five relatively common and five extremely rare. The common forms of dismissal are "bowled", "caught", "leg before wicket" (lbw), "run out", and "stumped". Less common methods are "hit wicket", "hit the ball twice", "obstructed the field", "handled the ball" and "timed out" – these are almost unknown in the professional game.
Before the umpire will award a dismissal and declare the batsman to be out, a member of the fielding side (generally the bowler) must "appeal". This is invariably done by asking (or shouting) "how's that?" – normally reduced to howzat? If the umpire agrees with the appeal, he will raise a forefinger and say "Out!". Otherwise he will shake his head and say "Not out". Appeals are particularly loud when the circumstances of the claimed dismissal are unclear, as is always the case with lbw and often with run outs and stumpings.
- Bowled: the bowler has hit the wicket with the delivery and the wicket has "broken" with at least one bail being dislodged (note that if the ball hits the wicket without dislodging a bail it is not out).[26]
- Caught: the batsman has hit the ball with his bat, or with his hand which was holding the bat, and the ball has been caught before it has touched the ground by a member of the fielding side.[27]
- Leg before wicket (lbw): the ball has hit the batsman's body (including his clothing, pads etc. but not the bat, or a hand holding the bat) when it would have gone on to hit the stumps. This rule exists mainly to prevent the batsman from guarding his wicket with his legs instead of the bat. To be given out lbw, the ball must not bounce outside leg stump or, if the batsman made a genuine attempt to play the ball, outside off stump.[28]
- Run out: a member of the fielding side has broken or "put down" the wicket with the ball while the nearest batsman was out of his ground; this usually occurs by means of an accurate throw to the wicket while the batsmen are attempting a run, although a batsman can be given out Run out even when he is not attempting a run; he merely needs to be out of his ground.[29]
- Stumped is similar except that it is done by the wicketkeeper after the batsman has missed the bowled ball and has stepped out of his ground, and is not attempting a run.[30]
- Hit wicket: a batsman is out hit wicket if he dislodges one or both bails with his bat, person, clothing or equipment in the act of receiving a ball, or in setting off for a run having just received a ball.[31]
- Hit the ball twice is very unusual and was introduced as a safety measure to counter dangerous play and protect the fielders. The batsman may legally play the ball a second time only to stop the ball hitting the wicket after he has already played it.[32]
- Obstructing the field: another unusual dismissal which tends to involve a batsman deliberately getting in the way of a fielder.[33]
- Handled the ball: a batsman must not deliberately touch the ball with his hand, for example to protect his wicket. Note that the batsman's hand or glove counts as part of the bat while the hand is holding the bat, so batsmen are frequently caught off their gloves (i.e. the ball hits, and is deflected by, the glove and can then be caught).[34]
- Timed out usually means that the next batsman did not arrive at the wicket within three minutes of the previous one being dismissed.[35]
In the vast majority of cases, it is the striker who is out when a dismissal occurs. If the non-striker is dismissed it is usually by being run out, but he could also be dismissed for obstructing the field, handling the ball or being timed out.
A batsman may leave the field without being dismissed. If injured or taken ill the batsman may temporarily retire, and be replaced by the next batsman. This is recorded as retired hurt or retired ill. The retiring batsman is not out, and may resume the innings later. An unimpaired batsman may retire, and this is treated as being dismissed retired out; no player is credited with the dismissal. Batsmen cannot be out bowled, caught, leg before wicket, stumped or hit wicket off a no ball. They cannot be out bowled, caught, leg before wicket, or hit the ball twice off a wide. Some of these modes of dismissal can occur without the bowler bowling a delivery. The batsman who is not on strike may be run out by the bowler if he leaves his crease before the bowler bowls, and a batsman can be out obstructing the field or retired out at any time. Timed out is, by its nature, a dismissal without a delivery. With all other modes of dismissal, only one batsman can be dismissed per ball bowled.
Innings closed[link]
Main article: End of an innings (cricket)
An innings is closed when:
- Ten of the eleven batsmen are out (have been dismissed); in this case, the team is said to be "all out"
- The team has only one batsman left who can bat, one or more of the remaining players being unavailable owing to injury, illness or absence; again, the team is said to be "all out"
- The team batting last reaches the score required to win the match
- The predetermined number of overs has been bowled (in a one-day match only, commonly 50 overs; or 20 in Twenty20)
- A captain declares his team's innings closed while at least two of his batsmen are not out (this does not apply in one-day limited over matches)
Results[link]
Main article: Result (cricket)
If the team that bats last is all out having scored fewer runs than their opponents, the team is said to have "lost by n runs" (where n is the difference between the number of runs scored by the teams). If the team that bats last scores enough runs to win, it is said to have "won by n wickets", where n is the number of wickets left to fall. For instance a team that passes its opponents' score having only lost six wickets would have won "by four wickets".
In a two-innings-a-side match, one team's combined first and second innings total may be less than the other side's first innings total. The team with the greater score is then said to have won by an innings and n runs, and does not need to bat again: n is the difference between the two teams' aggregate scores.
If the team batting last is all out, and both sides have scored the same number of runs, then the match is a tie; this result is quite rare in matches of two innings a side. In the traditional form of the game, if the time allotted for the match expires before either side can win, then the game is declared a draw.
If the match has only a single innings per side, then a maximum number of deliveries for each innings is often imposed. Such a match is called a "limited overs" or "one-day" match, and the side scoring more runs wins regardless of the number of wickets lost, so that a draw cannot occur. If this kind of match is temporarily interrupted by bad weather, then a complex mathematical formula, known as the Duckworth-Lewis method after its developers, is often used to recalculate a new target score. A one-day match can also be declared a "no-result" if fewer than a previously agreed number of overs have been bowled by either team, in circumstances that make normal resumption of play impossible; for example, wet weather.
Distinctive elements[link]
Individual focus[link]
For a team sport, cricket places individual players under unusual scrutiny and pressure. Bowler, Batsman, and fielder all act essentially independent of each other. While team managements can signal bowler or batsman to pursue certain tactics, the execution of the play itself is a series of solitary acts. Cricket is more similar to baseball than many other team sports in this regard: while the individual focus in cricket is slightly mitigated by the importance of the batting partnership and the practicalities of running, it is enhanced by the fact that a batsman may occupy the wicket for a long time.
Spirit of the Game[link]
![[icon]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130115202712/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} |
This section requires expansion. |
Cricket is a unique game where in addition to the laws, the players have to abide by the "Spirit of the Game".[36] The standard of sportsmanship has historically been considered so high that the phrase "it's just not cricket" was coined in the 19th century to describe unfair or underhanded behaviour in any walk of life. In the last few decades though, cricket has become increasingly fast-paced and competitive, increasing the use of appealing and sledging, although players are still expected to abide by the umpires' rulings without argument, and for the most part they do. Beginning in 2001, the MCC has held an annual lecture named after Colin Cowdrey on the spirit of the game.[37] Even in the modern game fielders are known to signal to the umpire that a boundary was hit, despite what could have been considered a spectacular save (though they might be found out by the TV replays anyway). In addition to this, some batsmen have been known to "walk" when they think they are out even if the umpire does not declare them out. This is a high level of sportsmanship, as a batsman can easily take advantage of incorrect umpiring decisions.
Influence of weather[link]
Cricket is a sport played predominantly in the drier periods of the year. But, even so, the weather is a major factor in all cricket matches.
A scheduled game of cricket cannot be played in wet weather. Dampness affects the bounce of the ball on the wicket and is a risk to all players involved in the game. Many grounds have facilities to cover the cricket pitch (or the wicket). Covers can be in the form of sheets being laid over the wicket to elevated covers on wheels (using the same concept as an umbrella) to even hover covers which form an airtight seal around the wicket. However, most grounds do not have the facilities to cover the outfield. This means that in the event of heavy bouts of bad weather, games may be cancelled, abandoned or suspended due to an unsafe outfield.
Another factor in cricket is the amount of light available. At grounds without floodlights (or in game formats which disallow the use of floodlights), umpires can stop play in the event of bad light as it becomes too difficult for the batsmen to be able to see the ball coming at them, (and in extreme cases, members of the fielding team).
On the other hand, in instances of good light, batsmen can utilise sight-screens which enable batsmen to have a white background against which they can pick out the red ball (or black background for white ball) with greater ease.
The umpires always have the final decision on weather related issues.
Uniqueness of each field[link]
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This section requires expansion. |
Unlike those of most sports, cricket playing fields can vary significantly in size and shape. While the dimensions of the pitch and infield are specifically regulated, the Laws of Cricket do not specify the size or shape of the field.[22] The field boundaries are sometimes painted and sometimes marked by a rope. Pitch and outfield variations can have a significant effect on how balls behave and are fielded as well as on batting. Pitches vary in consistency, and thus in the amount of bounce, spin, and seam movement available to the bowler. Hard pitches are usually good to bat on because of high but even bounce. Dry pitches tend to deteriorate for batting as cracks often appear, and when this happens to the pitch, spinners can play a major role. Damp pitches, or pitches covered in grass (termed "green" pitches), allow good fast bowlers to extract extra bounce. Such pitches tend to offer help to fast bowlers throughout the match, but become better for batting as the game goes on. While players of other outdoor sports deal with similar variations of field surface and stadium covering, the size and shape of their fields are much more standardised. Other local factors, such as altitude and climate, can also significantly affect play. These physical variations create a distinctive set of playing conditions at each ground. A given ground may acquire a reputation as batsman friendly or bowler friendly if one or the other discipline notably benefits from its unique mix of elements. The absence of a standardised field affects not only how particular games play out, but the nature of team makeup and players' statistical records.
Types of matches[link]
Cricket is a multi-faceted sport which, in very broad terms, can be divided into major cricket and minor cricket based on playing standards. A more pertinent division, particularly in terms of major cricket, is between matches in which the teams have two innings apiece and those in which they have a single innings each. The former, known as first-class cricket, has a duration of three to five days (there have been examples of "timeless" matches too); the latter, known as limited overs cricket because each team bowls a limit of typically 50 or 20 overs, has a planned duration of one day only (a match can be extended if necessary due to bad weather, etc.).
Typically, two-innings matches have at least six hours of playing time each day. Limited overs matches often last six hours or more. There are usually formal intervals on each day for lunch and tea with brief informal breaks for drinks. There is also a short interval between innings. Historically, a form of cricket known as single wicket had been extremely successful and many of these contests in the 18th and 19th centuries qualify as major cricket matches. In this form, although each team may have from one to six players, there is only one batsman at a time and he must face every delivery bowled while his innings lasts. Single wicket has rarely been played since limited overs cricket began.
Test cricket[link]
Main article: Test cricket
Test cricket is the highest standard of first-class cricket. A Test match is an international fixture between teams representing those countries that are Full Members of the ICC.
Although the term "Test match" was not coined until much later, Test cricket is deemed to have begun with two matches between Australia and England in the 1876–77 Australian season. Subsequently, eight other national teams have achieved Test status: South Africa (1889), West Indies (1928), New Zealand (1929), India (1932), Pakistan (1952), Sri Lanka (1982), Zimbabwe (1992) and Bangladesh (2000). Zimbabwe suspended its Test status in 2006 due to its inability to compete against other Test teams,[38] and returned in 2011.[39]
Welsh players are eligible to play for England, which is in effect an England and Wales team. The West Indies team comprises players from numerous states in the Caribbean, notably Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, Trinidad & Tobago, the Leeward Islands and the Windward Islands.
Test matches between two teams are usually played in a group of matches called a "series". Matches last up to five days and a series normally consists of three to five matches. Test matches that are not finished within the allotted time are drawn. In the case of Test and first-class cricket: the possibility of a draw often encourages a team that is batting last and well behind to bat defensively, giving up any faint chance at a win to avoid a loss.[40]
Since 1882, most Test series between England and Australia have been played for a trophy known as The Ashes. Some other bilateral series have individual trophies too: for example, the Wisden Trophy is contested by England and West Indies; the Frank Worrell Trophy by Australia and West Indies and the Border-Gavaskar Trophy between India and Australia.
Limited overs[link]
Main article: Limited overs cricket
See also: One Day International and Twenty20
Standard limited overs cricket was introduced in England in the 1963 season in the form of a knockout cup contested by the first-class county clubs. In 1969, a national league competition was established. The concept was gradually introduced to the other major cricket countries and the first limited overs international was played in 1971. In 1975, the first Cricket World Cup took place in England. Limited overs cricket has seen various innovations including the use of multi-coloured kit and floodlit matches using a white ball.
A "one day match", named so because each match is scheduled for completion in a single day, is the common form of limited overs cricket played on an international level. In practice, matches sometimes continue on a second day if they have been interrupted or postponed by bad weather. The main objective of a limited overs match is to produce a definite result and so a conventional draw is not possible, but matches can be undecided if the scores are tied or if bad weather prevents a result. Each team plays one innings only and faces a limited number of overs, usually a maximum of 50. The Cricket World Cup is held in one day format and the last World Cup in 2011 was won by the co-hosts, India. The next World Cup will hosted by Australia and New Zealand in 2015.
Twenty20 is a new variant of limited overs itself with the purpose being to complete the match within about three hours, usually in an evening session. The original idea, when the concept was introduced in England in 2003, was to provide workers with an evening entertainment. It was commercially successful and has been adopted internationally. The inaugural Twenty20 World Championship was held in 2007 and won by India. 2009's Twenty20 World Championship was staged in England and won by Pakistan. The next Twenty20 World Championship will be held in the West Indies. After the inaugural ICC World Twenty20 many domestic Twenty20 leagues were born. First of them was Indian Cricket League which is a rebel league since it is unauthorised by BCCI and led to form an official league called the Indian Premier League. Both these leagues are cash rich and attracted players and audience around the globe. Recently Twenty20 Champions League was formed as a tournament for domestic clubs of various countries.
National championships[link]
Main article: First-class cricket
File:Yorkshire-CCC-1895.jpg
Yorkshire County Cricket Club in 1895. The team won the first of its 30 County Championship titles in 1893.
First-class cricket includes Test cricket but the term is generally used to refer to the highest level of domestic cricket in those countries with full ICC membership, although there are exceptions to this. First-class cricket in England is played for the most part by the 18 county clubs which contest the County Championship. The concept of a champion county has existed since the 18th century but the official competition was not established until 1890. The most successful club has been Yorkshire County Cricket Club with 30 official titles.
Australia established its national first-class championship in 1892–93 when the Sheffield Shield was introduced. In Australia, the first-class teams represent the various states. New South Wales has won the maximum number of titles with 45 to 2008.
National championship trophies to be established elsewhere included the Ranji Trophy (India), Plunket Shield (New Zealand), Currie Cup (South Africa) and Shell Shield (West Indies). Some of these competitions have been updated and renamed in recent years.
Domestic limited overs competitions began with England's Gillette Cup knockout in 1963. Countries usually stage seasonal limited overs competitions in both knockout and league format. In recent years, national Twenty20 competitions have been introduced, usually in knockout form though some incorporate mini-leagues.
Other types of matches[link]
Main article: Forms of cricket
There are numerous variations of the sport played throughout the world that include indoor cricket, French cricket, beach cricket, Kwik cricket and all sorts of card games and board games that have been inspired by cricket. In these variants, the rules are often changed to make the game playable with limited resources or to render it more convenient and enjoyable for the participants.
Indoor cricket is played in a netted, indoor arena, and is quite formal but many of the outdoor variants are very informal.
Families and teenagers play backyard cricket in suburban yards or driveways, and the cities of India and Pakistan play host to countless games of "Gully Cricket" or "tapeball" in their long narrow streets. Sometimes the rules are improvised: e.g. it may be agreed that fielders can catch the ball with one hand after one bounce and claim a wicket; or if only a few people are available then everyone may field while the players take it in turns to bat and bowl. Tennis balls and homemade bats are often used, and a variety of objects may serve as wickets: for example, the batter's legs as in French cricket, which did not in fact originate in France, and is usually played by small children.
In Kwik cricket, the bowler does not have to wait for the batsman to be ready before a delivery, leading to a faster, more exhausting game designed to appeal to children, which is often used PE lessons at English schools. Another modification to increase the pace of the game is the "Tip and Run", "Tipity" Run, "Tipsy Run" or "Tippy-Go" rule, in which the batter must run when the ball touches the bat, even if it the contact is unintentional or minor. This rule, seen only in impromptu games, speeds the match up by removing the batsman's right to block the ball.
In Samoa a form of cricket called Kilikiti is played in which hockey stick-shaped bats are used. In original English cricket, the hockey stick shape was replaced by the modern straight bat in the 1760s after bowlers began to pitch the ball instead of rolling or skimming it. In Estonia, teams gather over the winter for the annual Ice Cricket tournament. The game juxtaposes the normal summer pursuit with harsh, wintry conditions. Rules are otherwise similar to those for the six-a-side game.
In addition, there is also Tape ball and Tennis ball cricket. Both variations use a tennis ball instead of a regular cricket ball to play. In Tape ball cricket, the ball is additionally covered with electric tape. The variation was pioneered in Pakistan and is greatly attributed to Pakistan's famous production of Fast bowlers as children are brought up playing the game using a tape ball in which various skills are developed. The increasing popularity of the tape ball in informal, local cricket has transformed the way games are played in cricket-loving nations such as Pakistan, Bangladesh and India.
International structure[link]
Main articles: International structure of cricket, International Cricket Council, and World Cricket League
The International Cricket Council (ICC), which has its headquarters in Dubai, is the international governing body of cricket. It was founded as the Imperial Cricket Conference in 1909 by representatives from England, Australia and South Africa, renamed the International Cricket Conference in 1965, and took up its current name in 1989.
The ICC has 104 members: 10 Full Members that play official Test matches, 34 Associate Members, and 60 Affiliate Members.[41] The ICC is responsible for the organisation and governance of cricket's major international tournaments, notably the Cricket World Cup. It also appoints the umpires and referees that officiate at all sanctioned Test matches, One Day International and Twenty20 Internationals. Each nation has a national cricket board which regulates cricket matches played in its country. The cricket board also selects the national squad and organises home and away tours for the national team. In the West Indies these matters are addressed by the West Indies Cricket Board which consists of members appointed by four national boards and two multi-national boards.
Members[link]
Main article: List of International Cricket Council members
Full Members[link]
Full Members are the governing bodies for cricket in a country or associated countries. Full Members may also represent a geographical area. All Full Members have a right to send one representative team to play official Test matches. Also, all Full Member nations are automatically qualified to play ODIs and Twenty20 Internationals.[42] West Indies cricket team does not represent one country instead an amalgamation of over 20 countries from the Caribbean. The English Cricket team represents both England and Wales.
| Nation | Governing body | Member since | Current Test Rankings | Current ODI Rankings | Current T20 Rankings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Australia |
Cricket Australia | 01909-07-1515 July 1909[42] | 4 | 1 | 5 |
 Bangladesh |
Bangladesh Cricket Board | 02000-06-2626 June 2000[42] | 9 | 9 | 9 !– |
| England |
England and Wales Cricket Board | 01909-07-1515 July 1909[42] | 1 | 6 | 1 |
| India |
Board of Control for Cricket in India | 01926-05-3131 May 1926[42] | 3 | 2 | 7 |
 New Zealand |
New Zealand Cricket | 01926-05-3131 May 1926[42] | 8 | 7 | 2 |
| Pakistan |
Pakistan Cricket Board | 01953-07-2828 July 1953[42] | 5 | 5 | 6 |
 South Africa |
Cricket South Africa | 01909-07-1515 July 1909A[42] | 2 | 3 | 4 |
 Sri Lanka |
Sri Lanka Cricket | 01981-07-2121 July 1981[42] | 6 | 4 | 3 |
 West Indies |
West Indies Cricket Board | 01926-05-3131 May 1926[42] | 7 | 8 | 8 |
 Zimbabwe |
Zimbabwe Cricket | 01992-07-066 July 1992[42] | 10 !– | 10 | 10 |
AResigned May 1961, readmitted 10 July 1991.
Top Associate and Affiliate Members[link]
All the associate and affiliate members are not qualified to play Test Cricket, however ICC grants One Day International status to its associate and affiliate members based on their success in the World Cricket League. The top six teams will be awarded One day international and Twenty20 International status, which will allow the associate and affiliate teams to be eligible to play the full members and play official ODI cricket.
The associate and affiliate teams who currently hold ODI and T20I status:
| Nation | Governing body | Member since | Current ODI Rankings |
|---|---|---|---|
 Afghanistan |
Afghanistan Cricket Board | 02001-01-012001[43] | 14 |
 Canada |
Cricket Canada | 01968-01-011968[42] | 16 |
 Ireland |
Cricket Ireland | 01993-01-011993[42] | 11 |
 Kenya |
Cricket Kenya | 01981-01-011981[42] | 13 |
 Netherlands |
Koninklijke Nederlandse Cricket Bond | 01966-01-011966[42] | 12 |
 Scotland |
Cricket Scotland | 01994-01-011994[42] | 15 |
Statistics[link]
Main article: Cricket statistics
Organized cricket lends itself to statistics to a greater degree than many other sports. Each play is discrete and has a relatively small number of possible outcomes. At the professional level, statistics for Test cricket, one-day internationals, and first-class cricket are recorded separately. However, since Test matches are a form of first-class cricket, a player's first-class statistics will include his Test match statistics—but not vice versa. The Guide to Cricketers was a cricket annual edited by Fred Lillywhite between 1849 and his death in 1866. Wisden Cricketers' Almanack was founded in 1864 by the English cricketer John Wisden (1826–1884) as a competitor to The Guide to Cricketers. Its annual publication has continued uninterrupted to the present day, making it the longest running sports annual in history.
Certain traditional statistics are familiar to most cricket fans. The basic batting statistics include:
- Innings (I): The number of innings in which the batsman actually batted.
- Not outs (NO): The number of times the batsman was not out at the conclusion of an innings they batted in.1
- Runs (R): The number of runs scored.
- Highest Score (HS/Best): The highest score ever made by the batsman.
- Batting Average (Ave): The total number of runs divided by the total number of innings in which the batsman was out. Ave = Runs/[I – NO] (also Avge or Avg.)
- Centuries (100): The number of innings in which the batsman scored one hundred runs or more.
- Half-centuries (50): The number of innings in which the batsman scored fifty to ninety-nine runs (centuries do not count as half-centuries as well).
- Balls Faced (BF): The total number of balls received, including no balls but not including wides.
- Strike Rate (SR): The number of runs scored per 100 balls faced. (SR = [100 * Runs]/BF)
- Run Rate (RR): Is the number of runs a batsman (or the batting side) scores in an over of six balls.
The basic bowling statistics include:
- Overs (O): The number of overs bowled.
- Balls (B): The number of balls bowled. Overs is more traditional, but balls is a more useful statistic because the number of balls per over has varied historically.
- Maiden Overs (M): The number of maiden overs (overs in which the bowler conceded zero runs) bowled.
- Runs (R): The number of runs conceded.
- Wickets (W): The number of wickets taken.
- No balls (Nb): The number of no balls bowled.
- Wides (Wd): The number of wides bowled.
- Bowling Average (Ave): The average number of runs conceded per wicket. (Ave = Runs/W)
- Strike Rate (SR): The average number of balls bowled per wicket. (SR = Balls/W)
- Economy Rate (Econ): The average number of runs conceded per over. (Econ = Runs/overs bowled).
In popular culture[link]
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This section requires expansion. |
Cricket has had a broad impact on popular culture, both in the Commonwealth of Nations and elsewhere. Cricket has had an influence on the lexicon of these nations, especially the English language, with such phrases as "that's not cricket" (unfair), "had a good innings", "sticky wicket", and "bowled over". There have been many cricket films. The term "Bradmanesque" from Don Bradman's name has become a generic term for outstanding excellence, both within cricket and in the wider world.[44] The amateur game has also been spread further afield by expatriates from the Test-playing nations. In the late 19th century, a former cricket player, English-born Henry Chadwick of Brooklyn, New York, was responsible for the "development of the box score, tabular standings, the annual baseball guide, the batting average, and most of the common statistics and tables used to describe baseball".[45] The statistical record is so central to the game's "historical essence" that Chadwick came to be known as Father Baseball.[45]
C.L.R. James's Beyond a Boundary is a popular book about the sport.
See also[link]
References[link]
- Notes
- ^ MCC – the official Laws of Cricket. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ CricketArchive – full list of ICC member countries. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ John Major, More Than A Game, HarperCollins, 2007
- ^ John Leach, From Lads to Lord's quotes the precise date of the accounting entry as Thursday 10 March 1300 (Julian date), which is in the Gregorian year of 1301. Retrieved 31 January 2009.
- ^ John Leach, From Lads to Lord's quotes the precise date of the court case in Guildford as Monday, 17 January 1597 (Julian date), which is in the Gregorian year of 1598. Retrieved 31 January 2009.
- ^ Middle Dutch was the language in use in Flanders at the time.
- ^ Birley, p.3
- ^ Birley, op. cit.
- ^ Altham, p.21
- ^ Bowen, p.33
- ^ David Terry, The Seventeenth Century Game of Cricket: A Reconstruction of the Game. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ Gillmeister's theory is summarised in the introduction to the book The Language of Cricket by John Eddowes, ISBN 1-85754-270-3.
- ^ David Underdown, Start of Play, Allen Lane, 2000, p.3
- ^ a b H S Altham, A History of Cricket, Volume 1 (to 1914), George Allen & Unwin, 1962, p.21
- ^ Timothy J McCann, Sussex Cricket in the Eighteenth Century, Sussex Record Society, 2004
- ^ CricketArchive profile. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ The Australian Eleven: The first Australian team, National Museum of Australia. Retrieved 24 May 2011.
- ^ CricInfo profile. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ MCC – Laws of Cricket: Law 1. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ Eastaway, Rob (2004). What Is a Googly?: The Mysteries of Cricket Explained. Great Britain: Robson Works. pp. 24. ISBN 1-86105-629-X. http://books.google.com/?id=_WI_clv8jMYC&pg=PA22&dq=%22what+is+cricket%22&cd=1#v=onepage&q=.
- ^ "Dimensions for Cricket". http://www.dsr.wa.gov.au/index.php?id=947. Retrieved 16 February 2010.
- ^ a b MCC – Laws of Cricket: Law 19
- ^ MCC – Laws of Cricket: Law 23. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ 22 yards is the length of a chain, a surveyor's measure first devised in 1620
- ^ MCC – Laws of Cricket: Law 12. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ MCC – Laws of Cricket: Law 30. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ MCC – Laws of Cricket: Law 32. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ MCC – Laws of Cricket: Law 36. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ MCC – Laws of Cricket: Law 38. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ MCC – Laws of Cricket: Law 39. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ MCC – Laws of Cricket: Law 35. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ MCC – Laws of Cricket: Law 34. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ MCC – Laws of Cricket: Law 37. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ MCC – Laws of Cricket: Law 33. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ MCC – Laws of Cricket: Law 31. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ MCC—Laws of Cricket: Preamble to the Laws. Accessed 8 September 2010.
- ^ MCC—Laws of Cricket: Promoting the Spirit of Cricket. Accessed 26 March 2012.
- ^ "Zimbabwe revokes Test status". BBC Sport. 18 January 2006. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/other_international/zimbabwe/4625900.stm. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
- ^ "Zimbabwe beat Bangladesh on return to Test cricket". BBC Sport. 8 August 2011. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/14449989.stm. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
- ^ Eastaway, Rob, What Is a Googly?: The Mysteries of Cricket Explained (Anova, 2005), p. 134.
- ^ CricketArchive: full list of ICC members. Retrieved 25 July 2009.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "A brief history ...". Cricinfo. http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/current/story/209608.html. Retrieved 2 May 2008.
- ^ "Cricinfo-Other countries-Teams-Afghanistan". Cricinfo. http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/other/content/team/40.html. Retrieved 4 May 2008.
- ^ Singh, Vikas (30 December 2003). "Ponting in Bradmanesque avatar". The Times of India. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/395972.cms. Retrieved 8 September 2010.
- ^ a b Tygiel (2000), p. 16.
External links[link]
Media related to Cricket at Wikimedia Commons
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| Born | Zahida Malik, Veena Malik Rawalpindi, Pakistan |
| Nationality | Pakistani |
| Occupation | Actress, Model |
| Years active | 2000 – present |
| Parents | Mohammad Ali Malik, Zeenat Malik |
Veena Malik (Urdu: وينا ملک, born Zahida Malik) is a Pakistani actress, model and comedienne. Over a span of ten years, she has worked with news channels and in movies.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Veena Malik was born in Rawalpindi in the province of Punjab,[1] to Ali Malik, and his wife, Zeenat Malik.[2] . She holds a BA in Sociology, Psychology and Persian.[1]
Career[link]
Films[link]
Before starting her career off as an actress, Malik worked as a comedian for several television shows and series. She made her acting debut alongside Shaan and Zara Sheikh in Askari's Tere Pyar Mein (2000), which was a box office hit. She played a supporting role in the film and was barely acknowledged. However, she appeared in a supporting role in Javed Sheikh's Yeh Dil Aap Ka Huwa (2002).
In 2003, Malik appeared in Indo-Pak cross venture Punjabi film Pind Di Kuri which failed to do so well, however, the film turned out be the first Indo-Pak venture film with a budget of approximately 70 million rupees. She also appeared in Askari's Sassi Punno (2003) alongside Sana and Moammar Rana, however the film failed to do well at Lahore's cinemas and further screenings had stopped in cinemas after a week of its release. She then appeared in Rafique's Jageer.
In 2005, she appeared in a short Punjabi film Bau Badmash (2005) which did not garner any recognition due to the lack of big stars. She then appeared in Reema Khan's Koi Tujh Sa Kahan (2005) which was a commercial success in Pakistan.In 2007, she won her first Lux Style Award for being the most stylish celebrity on the red carpet.[citation needed]
In 2008, Malik appeared in Rafique's Punjabi film, Mohabbatan Sachiyan, alongside ex-fiancee Babrik Shah and newcomers Maria Khan and Adnan Khan. The film went on to become a commercial success.[3] The same year, she appeared in Raza's Kabhi Pyaar Na Karna in a supporting role, but the film was a flop. Her last film of 2008 was Altaf's Ishq Beparwah, which also failed to impress the audience.
In 2010, she worked in Rafique's Main Jeena Tere Naal, and Beyg's debut comedy film Miss Duniya.[4]
Television[link]
In 2002, she was called by Prime TV to host a show called Prime Gupshup[5] for them ushering a new direction for her comedic skills and she improvised on the hour-long show occasionally mimicking actors.
She hosted the Geo TV show Hum Sub Umeed Say Hain, in which she was hailed for her comedic parodies.[6]
In 2007, she graced the red carpet event of the Lux Style Awards and was awarded as being the ‘most stylish celebrity on the carpet’.[7]
In October 2010, Malik appeared in the Indian television reality show Bigg Boss Season 4.[8] She was evicted two weeks before the finals, and was one of the final six contestants out of the original fourteen who had participated.[9] Malik was also part of the finale of the show.[10] After her Bigg Boss stay, she was mentioned in the media as the voice of liberal muslims, including leading dailies, Daily Times,[11] Express Tribune,[12] and The Australian.[13] Sabbah Hajim, from the Haji Amina Charity Trust in Jammu and Kashmir, writing in the magazine Tehelka, when comparing her with liberal rector of Darul Uloom Deoband, Ghulam Mohammad Vastanvi said, "these two newly public figures might teach Muslims to stop feeling eternally outraged."[14]
In February 2011,[15] Veena Malik became part of the Cricket World Cup reality show[16] in Delhi, India, called "Big Toss." Big Toss was a reality game show with contestants and Malik as the captain of one team, against Rakhi Sawant[17] and her team.
In March 2011, Malik engaged in a passionate debate with a mufti, who claimed she had engaged in immoral behaviour as a contestant on Bigg Boss, even though he admitted to not having watched the show. Malik countered pointing out the double standards of Pakistani media against women among other rebuttals.[18]
FHM Images[link]
Controversy resulted in Pakistan over a nude image of Malik on the cover of FHM magazine India edition in which she had "ISI" written on her upper arm – the initials of Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence spy agency. [19] Malik says she was topless[20] but did not pose completely nude,[21] and has sued the magazine over the images.[22]
Other works[link]
Malik has worked as a representative at the World Health Organization for two years. She also sponsors a child at the SOS Children's Village, an NGO based in Pakistan working with orphaned children.[23]
Filmography[link]
| Year | Film | Role | Language | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | Tere Pyar Mein | Amina | Urdu | |
| 2002 | Yeh Dil Aap Ka Huwa | Urdu | ||
| Sassi Punno | Sana | Urdu | ||
| 2003 | Pind Di Gashti | Punjabi | ||
| 2005 | Koi Tujh Sa Kahan | Urdu | ||
| Kyun Tum Se Itna Pyar Hai | Urdu | |||
| 2008 | Kabhi Pyar Na Karna | Urdu | ||
| Mohabbatan Sachiyan | Punjabi | |||
| Ishq Beparwaah | Punjabi | |||
| 2012 | Gali Gali Mein Chor Hai | Chhanno | Hindi | Special appearance in song "Chhanno" |
| Tere Naal Love Ho Gaya | Special appearance in song "Fann Ban Gayi" | |||
| Dal Mein Kuch Kala Hai | Filming (Bollywood Debut Film) | |||
| Mumbai 125 KM | Filming (Releasing in May 2012) | |||
| Zindagi 50-50 | Filming | |||
| All U Need... LOVE | Filming | |||
| Mr. Money | Special appearance in song |
Television[link]
| Year | Show | Role | Language | Channel |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | Hum Sub Umeed Se Hain | Herself | Urdu | Geo TV |
| 2009 | Miss Duniya | Herself | Urdu | Dunya News |
Reality television[link]
- As Contestant
| Year | Show | Place | Channel |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 |
|
Evicted Day 83 |
|
| 2011 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 2012 |
|
as Bride |
|
References[link]
- ^ a b "‘I expect a bravery award’". Indian Express. 7 September 2010. http://www.indianexpress.com/news/i-expect-a-bravery-award/678132/0. Retrieved 2011-02-06.
- ^ "I am not settling scores with Asif, says Veena Malik". Ndtv.com. http://movies.ndtv.com/OSCAR2010/PhotoDetail.aspx?Page=23&ID=8077. Retrieved 2011-02-06.
- ^ Jonaid Iqbal (7 May 2010). "Mohabbatan Sachiyan gets warm reception at PNCA". DAWN.com. http://news.dawn.com/wps/wcm/connect/dawn-content-library/dawn/the-newspaper/local/islamabad/17-mohabbatan-sachiyan-gets-warm-reception-at-pnca-ek-02. Retrieved 2010-12-26.
- ^ "I am not settling scores with Asif, says Veena Malik". NDTV. http://veenamalik.com.pk/settling-scores-asif-veena-malik/. Retrieved 2010-12-26.
- ^ "ON AIR: prime gupshup". DAWN Newspaper. http://www.dawn.com/weekly/yworld/archive/020706/yworld18.htm. Retrieved 2008-08-11.
- ^ "INSTEP: Bright lights, small village". Jang Group. http://jang.com.pk/thenews/oct2007-weekly/nos-28-10-2007/instep/mainissue.htm.
- ^ a b "Lux Style Awards 2007". http://pakdoc.blipto.com/?m=stuff&e=details&t=television&id=334. Retrieved 2008-06-17.
- ^ Chawla, Sonal (11 September 2010). "Veena Malik in Bigg Boss 4". Times of India. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tv-/Mohd-Asifs-ex-in-Bigg-Boss-4/articleshow/6529159.cms. Retrieved 2010-10-02.
- ^ Jang Newspaper Pakistan "Who’s the boss? Veena for sure". Instep Magazine. http://www.jang.com.pk/thenews/jan2011-weekly/nos-02-01-2011/instep/mainissue.htm Jang Newspaper Pakistan. Retrieved 2011-01-07.
- ^ "Veena ‘Ki Jawani’ in ‘Bigg Boss’ grand finale". The Express Tribune. http://tribune.com.pk/story/98558/veena-ki-jawani-in-bigg-boss-grand-finale/. Retrieved 2011-01-07.
- ^ "VIEW: Why is Veena Malik important?". Daily Times. 4 February 2011. http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2011\02\04\story_4-2-2011_pg3_5.
- ^ "In defence of Veena Malik". Express Tribune. 30 January 2011. http://tribune.com.pk/story/111037/in-defence-of-veena-malik/.
- ^ "Actress Veena Malik takes on clerics over dress". The Australian. 31 January 2011. http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/executive-lifestyle/actress-veena-malik-takes-on-clerics-over-dress/story-e6frg8k6-1225997043385.
- ^ "What Ghulam Mohammad Vastanvi and Veena Malik have in common These two newly public figures might teach Muslims to stop feeling eternally outraged". Tehelka Magazine, Vol 8, Issue 6,. 12 February 2011. http://tehelka.com/story_main48.asp?filename=hub120211WHAT_GHULAM.asp.
- ^ Times of India. Timesofindia.indiatimes.com (2011-02-20). Retrieved on 2011-05-29.
- ^ Bharat Chronicle. Bharat Chronicle (2011-02-20). Retrieved on 2011-05-29.
- ^ Sify.com. Sify.com (2011-02-18). Retrieved on 2011-05-29.
- ^ Pakistani Actress Defies Mullah Accusing Her of Immoral Behavior on an Indian Reality TV Show. YouTube. Retrieved on 2011-05-29.
- ^ "Row over Pakistan actress Veena Malik nude 'ISI' photo". bbc.co.uk/news. 2 December 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16008958.
- ^ "Veena Malik says she was topless but 'not nude' in FHM". BBC News. 8 December 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16093480.
- ^ "Veena Malik defends ISI tattoo for FHM photo shoot". Express Tribune. 3 December 2011. http://tribune.com.pk/story/301743/veena-malik-defends-isi-tattoo-for-photo-shoot/.
- ^ "Veena Malik sues FHM India magazine over 'nude' photo". BBC News. 5 December 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-16030931.
- ^ "Kiran aur George: Veena Malik". YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PvZp9PGnYvI. Retrieved 2008-08-11.
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Veena Malik |
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| Name | Malik, Veena |
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| Short description | |
| Date of birth | |
| Place of birth | Rawalpindi, Pakistan |
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http://wn.com/Veena_Malik
Related pages:
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veena_Malik
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
