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Taejo of Joseon
Taejo of Joseon (October 11, 1335 – May 24, 1408; r. 1392-1398), born Yi Seong-gye, whose changed name is Yi Dan, was the founder and the first king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea, and the main figure in overthrowing the Goryeo Dynasty. He was posthumously raised to the rank of Emperor in 1899 by Gojong, the Gwangmu Emperor, who had proclaimed the Korean Empire in 1897.
http://wn.com/Taejo_of_Joseon
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The Goryeo Dynasty or Koryŏ (Officially the Kingdom of Goryeo) (918-1392) was a Korean sovereign state established in 918 by Emperor Taejo. Korea gets its name from this kingdom which became to be pronounced Korea. It united the Later Three Kingdoms in 936 and ruled most of the Korean peninsula until it was removed by the Joseon dynasty in 1392. Goryeo expanded its borders to present-day Wonsan in the north-east (936~943) and the Amnok River (993) and finally almost the whole of the Korean peninsula (1374).
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Joseon (July 1392–1897) (also Chosŏn, Choson, Chosun), was a Korean sovereign state founded by Taejo Yi Seong-gye that lasted for approximately five centuries. It was founded in the aftermath of the overthrow of the Goryeo Kingdom at what is today the city of Kaesong. Early on, Korea was retitled and the capital was relocated to modern-day Seoul and the kingdom's northernmost borders were expanded to the natural boundaries at the Amnok and Duman rivers (through the subjugation of the Jurchens). Joseon was the last royal and later imperial dynasty of Korean history. It was the longest ruling Confucian dynasty.
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http://wn.com/Republic_of_Korea
- dangak
- Goryeo
- Gyeongbokgung
- Hyang-Dae Chung
- hyangak
- Jongmyo jerye
- Joseon Dynasty
- Jun-Sa Chung
- Mang-Myo Ru
- Munmyo
- Panwi Dae
- Republic of Korea
- Sejong of Joseon
- Taejo of Joseon
- UNESCO
- World Heritage Site
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Coordinates | 31°6′12″N77°10′20″N |
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whs | Jongmyo Shrine |
state party | Republic of Korea |
type | Cultural |
criteria | iv |
id | 738 |
region | Asia-Pacific |
year | 1995 |
session | 19th |
link | http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/738 }} |
Hangul | 종묘 |
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Hanja | 宗廟 |
Rr | Jongmyo |
Mr | Chongmyo }} |
Jongmyo is a Confucian shrine dedicated to the memorial services for the deceased kings and queens of the Korean Joseon Dynasty. According to UNESCO, the shrine is the oldest royal Confucian shrine preserved and the ritual ceremonies continue a tradition established since the 14th century. Such shrines existed during the Three Kingdoms of Korea period but only the shrines for the rulers of Joseon remain. The Jongmyo Shrine was added to the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1995.
History
When it was built in 1394 by order of King Taejo, it was thought to be one of the longest buildings in Asia, if not the longest. The main hall, known as Jeongjeon, had seven rooms. Each room was reserved for a king and his queen. The complex was expanded by King Sejong who ordered the construction of Yeongnyeongjeon (Hall of Eternal Comfort). This practice of expansion continued, with the growth of the complex moving from west to east, because of the need to house more memorial tablets during the reigns of later kings until there were a total of nineteen rooms. However, during the Seven-Year War, Japanese invaders burned down the original shrine and a new complex was constructed in 1601 CE which has survived to this day. The original tablets were saved in the invasion by hiding them in the house of a commoner and also survive to this day. . There are 19 memorial tablets of kings and 30 of their queens, placed in 19 chambers. Each room is very simple and plain in design. Only two kings' memorial tablets are not enshrined here..The current Jeongjeon is National treasure of Korea No. 227 and is the longest building in Korea of traditional design..
The south entrance gate was reserved for spirits to enter and exit, the east gate was for the king, and the west gate was for the performers of the royal ritual..
Viewed from the king's throne at Gyeongbokgung Palace, Jongmyo Shrine would have been on the king's left while the Sajik Shrine, another important Confucian shrine, was on the right. This arrangement was derived from Chinese practice. The main halls are surrounded by hills. In front of the main hall is the Woldae Courtyard, which is 150 meters in length and 100 meters in width.
Jongmyo Structure
The Jongmyo Shrine is divided into 15 main parts. Jung Moon -정문- (Front Gate), 'Mang-Myo Ru', 'Gong-min Wang' Shrine, 'Hyang-Dae Chung' 'Uh-sook' Room (shil), 'Panwi Dae', 'Jun-Sa Chung'
Jung Moon -정문- (Main Gate)
The main entrance to the whole shrine sits here.
Mang Myo Ru [망묘루]
Jongmyo jeryeak
An elaborate performance of ancient court music (with accompanying dance) known as Jongmyo jeryeak (hangul: 종묘제례악; hanja: 宗廟祭禮樂) is performed there each year for the Jongmyo jerye ritual. Musicians, dancers, and scholars would perform Confucian rituals, such as the Jongmyo Daeje (Royal Shrine Ritual) in the courtyard five times a year. . Today the rituals have been reconstructed and revived. The Jongmyo Daeje has been designated as Important Intangible Cultural Property No. 56 and is performed every year in May. . The Jongmyo Jerye-ak, the traditional court music of Joseon, is performed by the Royal Court Orchestra and has been designated as Important Intangible Cultural Property of South Korea No. 1.. This court music has its origins in Chinese court music that was brought to Korea during the Goryeo period. . King Sejong composed new music for the ritual based largely on hyangak (with some dangak) in 1447 and 1462. .
See also
External links
Category:Jongno-gu, Seoul Category:World Heritage Sites in South Korea Category:National Treasures of South Korea Category:1394 establishments Category:Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity Category:Visitor attractions in Seoul Category:Important Intangible Cultural Properties of South Korea Category:Korean Confucianism
cs:Čongmjo es:Santuario de Chongmyo fr:Sanctuaire de Jongmyo ko:종묘 id:Jongmyo it:Santuario di Jongmyo ka:ჩონმიო he:ג'ונגמיו nl:Jongmyo-heiligdom ja:宗廟 (ソウル特別市) no:Jongmyo pt:Santuário de Chongmyo ru:Чонмё sh:Jongmyo sv:Sjongmyo th:ศาลเจ้าจงเมียว vi:Jongmyo zh:宗廟 (首爾)This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.