Look up Play or play in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Play may refer to:

• Play (activity), enjoyed by animals and humans
• Play (theatre), structured literary form of theatre

Music[link]

Bands[link]

• Play (UK band), on the Survival Records label (1980s)
• Play (Mexican band) (or Grupo Play), Mexican band
• Play (group), Swedish band

Albums[link]

• Play (Brad Paisley album)
• Play (Bond album)
• Play (David Ball album)
• Play (Great Big Sea album)
• Play (Moby album)
• Play (Namie Amuro album)
• Play (Play album), album by the Swedish band
• Play (S.H.E album)
• Play (Squeeze album)

• Plays, an album by Andy Dixon (Secret Mommy)

Songs[link]

• "Play", a song by SS501
• "Play" (David Banner song)
• "Play" (Jennifer Lopez song)
• Play (EP), extended play recording by Ride
• "Play" (Robyn song)

Others[link]

• Play! A Video Game Symphony, a symphony tour featuring video game music
• Play 99.6 (radio), a radio station in Jordan
• Christopher "Play" Martin, one half of hip-hop duo Kid 'n Play

Other arts and entertainment[link]

• Play (New York Times), a sports magazine from The New York Times
• Play (play), written by Samuel Beckett
• Play (TV series), a Canadian news magazine series
• Play (UK magazine), a UK PlayStation magazine
• Play (US magazine), a United States video game magazine
• Play (2005 film), a Chilean film directed by Alicia Scherson
• Play (2009 short film), directed by David Kaplan (filmmaker)
• Play (2011 film), a Swedish film directed by Ruben Östlund
• Play, The Videogames World, first European exhibition on videogames
• Television play, television genre
• Wii Play, a video game released for the Wii video game console

In sports[link]

• Play from scrimmage, an organized action as part of the game, in American and Canadian football
• The Play, a controversial and historic last second kickoff return for a touchdown in the 1982 Cal–Stanford 'Big Game'

Other Uses[link]

• Backlash (engineering), the amount of lost motion due to clearance or slackness between mating components when movement is reversed
• Google Play, a digital content service offered by Google
• Play.com, an online retail company
• Petroleum play, group of oil fields or prospects in the same region that are controlled by the same set of geological circumstances
• Play Framework, in computer science, an open source web application framework in Java.
• Play Mobile, a Polish internet provider and mobile operator
• Word play, literary and narrative technique
• Xperia Play, released in 2011, a Android phone capable of running PlayStation games

See also[link]

• Player (disambiguation)

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Peter Griffin is a fictional character and protagonist of the animated comedy series Family Guy. He is voiced by cartoonist Seth MacFarlane and first appeared on television, along with the rest of the family in the 15-minute short on December 20, 1998. Peter was created and designed by MacFarlane himself. MacFarlane was asked to pitch a pilot to the Fox Broadcasting Company based on Larry and Steve, a short made by MacFarlane which featured a middle-aged character named Larry and an intellectual dog, Steve. After the pilot was given the green light, The Griffin family appeared on the episode "Death Has a Shadow".

Peter is married to Lois Pewterschmidt and is the father of Meg, Chris and Stewie; he also has a dog named Brian. He has worked at a toy factory and at Quahog's Brewery. Despite the suburban blue-collar routine of his life, he has had a number of remarkable experiences.

Peter's voice was inspired by a janitor that MacFarlane heard at his school. His appearance was a redesign of the protagonist Larry from MacFarlane's previous animated short films, The Life of Larry and Larry & Steve. The Peter Griffin character has received generally mixed to positive reviews from critics. He has appeared in several pieces of Family Guy merchandise, including toys, t-shirts and a video game, and has made crossover appearances in other shows, including The Simpsons, South Park, American Dad and the Family Guy spin-off The Cleveland Show.

[edit] Role in Family Guy

Peter Griffin is an overweight Irish American , blue collar worker with a prominent Rhode Island and Eastern Massachusetts accent.^[1] He's the husband of Lois and the father of Meg, Chris and Stewie. He is the son of Thelma Griffin and Mickey McFinnigan, and is the step-son of Francis Griffin. Peter and the rest of the Griffins live in the fictional town of Quahog, Rhode Island which is modeled after Cranston, Rhode Island.^[2][3][4] Peter primarily worked as a safety inspector at the Happy-Go-Lucky Toy Factory, until his boss Jonathan Weed choked to death on a dinner roll; he then became a fisherman on his own boat, known as the "S.S. More Powerful than Superman, Batman, Spider-Man, and The Incredible Hulk Put Together", with the help of two Portuguese immigrants, Santos and Pasqual, until his boat was destroyed.^[5][6] He now works in the shipping department of the Pawtucket Patriot brewery.^[7][8] Peter is also shown in various jobs for single episodes and cutaway gags. In a running gag, storylines are randomly interrupted by extremely long, unexpected fights between Peter and Ernie the Giant Chicken, an anthropomorphic chicken who serves as a rival to Peter.^[9] These battles parody the action film genre, with explosions, high-speed chases and immense devastation to the town of Quahog.^[10]

Character[link]

Series creator Seth MacFarlane based Peter's voice on the voices of security guards and maintenance he had heard talking, while attending the Rhode Island School of Design.

Creation[link]

When he was still in college, Family Guy creator Seth MacFarlane created a cartoon short called The Life of Larry.^[11] The short centered on a middle-aged man named Larry and his anthropomorphic dog Steve.^[12] He made a sequel called Larry & Steve, which Cartoon Network broadcast in 1997.^[13] In 1999, MacFarlane was working for Hanna-Barbara Studios, writing for shows such as Johnny Bravo, Dexter's Laboratory, and Cow and Chicken.^[14] The short caught the eye of 20th Century Fox representatives, who asked him to create a TV series revolving around the characters.^[12] MacFarlane received a US$50,000 budget to develop a pilot for the show, which was about one twentieth of what most pilots cost.^[14] MacFarlane claims to have drawn inspiration from several sitcoms, namely The Simpsons and All in the Family.^[15] Several premises were also carried over from several 1980s Saturday morning cartoons he watched as a child, namely The Fonz and the Happy Days Gang, and Rubik, the Amazing Cube.^[16]

In three months, MacFarlane created the Griffin family and developed a pilot for the show he called Family Guy.^[17] Brian's character was largely based on Steve from the Larry and Steve cartoon, with Larry serving as the primary basis of the Peter character.^[18] The character's personality was also partially inspired by a friend of his father who rudely fell asleep while watching the 1993 film Philadelphia.^[19] The network executives were impressed with the pilot and ordered thirteen episodes, giving MacFarlane a 2 million dollar per-season contract.^[17]

In "Peter's Two Dads", it is revealed that Peter's biological father is an Irishman named Mickey, which is based on the heritage of MacFarlane's biological father.^[12] MacFarlane said, "When I was growing up, my father had lots of friends: big, vocal, opinionated New England, Irish Catholics. They were all bursting at the seams with personality, and Family Guy came out of a lot of those archetypes that I spent years observing."^[12]

Voice[link]

The voice of Peter is provided by the show's creator MacFarlane who also provides the voice for Brian, Stewie and Quagmire, MacFarlane also provides the voices for various other recurring and one-time only characters, most prominently those of news anchor Tom Tucker, Lois' father Carter Pewterschmidt, and Dr. Hartman.^[21] MacFarlane has been part of the main voice cast from the beginning of the series including the pilot, as well he has been voicing Peter from the start.^[22] MacFarlane chose to voice Peter and the rest of characters voices himself, believing it would be easier to portray the voices he already envisioned than for someone else to attempt it.^[16] MacFarlane´s speaking voice is not very close to Peter´s as his normal voice is used to voice Brian.^[16] MacFarlane drew inspiration for the voice of Peter from a security guard he overheard talking while he was attending the Rhode Island School of Design.^[23] Macfarlane also voices many of Peter´s ancestors which share the same type of voice.^[22] He noted in an interview that the reason that he voices Peter and the rest of the characters is partly because they initially had a small budget, but also that he prefers to have the freedom to do it himself.^[20] In another interview he mentioned that Peter's voice is one of the most difficult to do.^[15]

There have been several occasions were MacFarlane does not voice Peter. In the episode "No Meals on Wheels", (season 5, 2007) actor Patrick Stewart voiced Peter.^[24] In the episode "Family Gay", (season 7, 2009) Seth Rogen provided a guest-voice as Peter under the effects of the "Seth Rogen gene".^[25] In "Road to the Multiverse", (season 8, 2009) he was voiced by Japanese actor Jameson Yang, who was required for a scene where everything in the world was Japanese.^[26]

Personality[link]

Peter, a stereotypical blue-collar worker,^[27] frequently gets drunk with his neighbors Cleveland, Joe and Quagmire at "The Drunken Clam," Quahog's local tavern.^[28] After taking an I.Q. test, Peter discovered his low intellect falls slightly below the level for mental retardation.^[29] Peter is known for his brash impulsiveness, which has led to several awkward situations,^[30] such as attempting to molest Meg in order to adopt a redneck lifestyle.^[31] He is incredibly jealous of other attractions Lois has in her life, an attitude which has led to extreme situations, such as when he assaulted a whale that kissed Lois at SeaWorld.^[32] In the third season episode "Stuck Together, Torn Apart", Peter and Lois split up because of Peter's jealousy, only to discover that Lois has the same character flaw and the two decide to live with their mutually jealous nature.^[32] Peter has a very short attention span which frequently leads him to bizarre situations, as Chris points out in "Long John Peter", after Peter's parrot dies "He will get over it pretty quickly and then move on to another wacky thing", to which Peter finds a pipe organ and forgets about his parrot (Peter then destroys the pipe organ within seconds and then finds the deed to a cattle ranch).^[33]

Peter has a complex relationships with all three of his children. He normally makes fun of Meg and treats her badly. In "FOX-y Lady", (season 7, 2009) were Peter, Meg and Chris try to create a cartoon and they exclude Meg and her ideas.^[34] Though in some episodes Peter has had a good relationship with Meg, in Hell Comes to Quahog, (season 5, 2006) Peter almost tell Meg he loves her and in Road to Rupert, (season 5, 2007) he told Meg that he would treat her badly in front of the family, but that he would be her friend in secret.^[35][36] Peter communicates and has a much better relationship with Stewie. Peter and Stewie had their adventures when he took him to Walt Disney World Resort in the episode "The Courtship of Stewie's Father", (season 4, 2006).^[37] With Chris, Peter communicates well, but at times when in need of advice or in an adventure Peter tells Chris to do the opposite of what he should do, like in "Long John Peter", (season 7, 2008) where Chris is asking for advice on dating and Peter tells him to treat women horribly.^[38]

Ancestry[link]

Before Peter was born, his mother Thelma went to Mexico to have an abortion.^[39] However, she gave birth during the procedure, and smuggled him home to Providence, Rhode Island, where he spent his childhood.^[39][40] Peter was raised by Francis and Thelma Griffin in the Roman Catholic faith.^[41] However, in "Peter's Two Dads", he discovers that his biological father is an named Mickey McFinnigan.^[42] Peter visits McFinnegan, who neglects him at first, yet eventually accepts him as his son after beating him in the "game of drink". The game of drink referring to matching shots until one passes out.^[42] Peter has also referred to a large number of ancestors throughout the series, stating, "the Griffin family history is a rich tapestry".^[43] Famous ancestors of Peter include Moses Griffin, who led the Jews out of Egypt; Willie "Black-Eye" Griffin, Peter's great-grandfather, a 1920s silent film star; and Peter Hitler, the flamboyant brother of Adolf Hitler. Peter's ancestor Nate Griffin, an African American slave from Virginia, was owned by Lois' ancestors. He fell in love with their daughter, and secretly raised a family with her. Nate's family was eventually discovered and they escaped.^[43]

Reception[link]

Commendations[link]

Editors of Variety put Family Guy in their contenders for the 2011 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series; they stated that, depending on your sense of humor, Peter is either " a comedy genius" or "an obnoxious idiot".^[45] MacFarlane has been nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award in the Outstanding Voice-Over Performance category in 2009 for voicing Peter.^[46] He was also nominated in 2008, for an Annie Award in the Voice Acting in an Animated Television Production or Short Form for voicing Peter.^[47] Peter has ranked in several of IGN's top 10s (generally these list are related to the show).^[48][49] Among these lists Peter ranked the third spot on IGN's "Top 25 Family Guy Characters", in the list it was stated that many of the shows best gags come from Peter and his shenanigans and that "Peter practically invented the "manatee joke".^[44] Entertainment Weekly placed Peter in their "18 Bad TV Dads" list (the list also included characters like Homer Simpson and Al Bundy).^[50]

Criticism and controversy[link]

Peter has been criticized for being similar to Homer Simpson. Peter has appeared in some episodes of The Simpsons, in these episodes which he has been featured he has been depicted as a Homer Simpson's clone or is accused of plagiarism. Ken Tucker from Entertainment Weekly stated that Peter is Homer Simpson "as conceived by a singularly sophomoric mind that lacks any reference point beyond other TV shows".^[51] Robin Pierson from the TV Critic criticized the Griffin family for being too similar to the Simpson family; and he said that Peter "has Homer Simpson written all over him".^[52]

Peter has created controversy in various episodes of Family Guy. In the episode The Cleveland-Loretta Quagmire, (season 4, 2005) featured a sequence titled "You Have AIDS", in which Peter Griffin dances and sings in a barbershop quartet fashion around the bed of a man with end-stage AIDS about his diagnosis, this drew protests from several AIDS service organizations.^[53] In "The Son Also Draws", (season 1, 1999) Peter states that "Canada sucks" as part of the ending joke of the episode; the statement resulted in the producers receiving hate mail from Canadian viewers of the show.^[5] In the episode "When You Wish Upon a Weinstein", (season 3, 2000) Peter sings a parody song of "When You Wish upon a Star", entitled "I Need a Jew"; on October 3, 2007, Bourne Co. Music Publishers filed a lawsuit accusing the show of infringing its copyright on the original song; Bourne Co., the sole United States copyright owner of the song, alleged the parody pairs a "thinly veiled" copy of their music with antisemitic lyrics.^[54]

Cultural influence[link]

Appearances in the media[link]

Peter has had several television appearances outside Family Guy, often in the form of direct parody. Peter has appeared in two episodes of The Simpsons, referencing how the two shows are frequently compared to each other. In the fourteenth season episode "Treehouse of Horror XIII", Peter is depicted as one of Homer Simpson's clones,^[55] and in the seventeenth season episode, "The Italian Bob", a photo of Peter is in a book of criminals, which says he is wanted for "plagiarismo".^[56] Peter also appeared in various episodes of the show's spin-off The Cleveland Show.^[57] In addition, Peter has appeared at the end of the American Dad! episode "Hurricane!" with guns on both Stan Smith and former neighbor Cleveland Brown. During the stand-off, Francine is accidentally shot by Stan, which Peter declares as "classic American Dad."

Merchandise[link]

Peter is also featured on the Family Guy: Live in Vegas CD,^[58] and plays a significant part in Family Guy Video Game!, the first Family Guy video game, which was released by 2K Games in 2006.^[59] Peter will be used in the game Family Guy Online as a character class for the game's character creator.^[60] MacFarlane recorded exclusive material of Peter's voice and other Family Guy characters for a 2007 pinball machine of the show by Stern Pinball.^[61] In 2004, the first series of Family Guy toy figurines was released by Mezco Toyz, each member of the Griffin family had their own toy, with the exception of Stewie, of whom two different figures were made.^[62] Over the course of two years, four more series of toy figures have been released, with various forms of Peter.^[63] Alongside the action figures, Peter has been included in various other Family Guy-related merchandise.^[64]

As of 2009, six books have been released about the Family Guy universe, all published by HarperCollins since 2005.^[65] This include Family Guy: It Takes a Village Idiot, and I Married One (ISBN 978-0-7528-7593-4), which covers the entire events of the episode "It Takes a Village Idiot, and I Married One",^[66] and Family Guy and Philosophy: A Cure for the Petarded (ISBN 978-1-4051-6316-3), a collection of seventeen essays exploring the connections between the series and historical philosophers.^[67] which include Peter as a character. Peter appears in comic-book based on the Family Guy universe; by Titan Comics.^[68] The first comic book is going to be released in July 27, 2011.^[68]

In 2008, the character appeared in advertisements for Subway Restaurants, promoting the restaurant's massive feast sandwich.^[69][70] Chief marketing officer Tony Pace commented "Peter's a good representation of the people who are interested in the Feast, and Family Guy is a show "that appeals to that target audience."^[71] The Boston Globe critic Brian Steinberg praised the restaurant's use of the character for the commercials.^[69] NFL News reporter Michael Fabiano felt it was a bad decision to have an obese character advertise for a chain of restaurants that based their advertisement campaigns on health.^[72]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Peter Griffin at Fox.com
• Peter Griffin at the Internet Movie Database

Jack Michael is a researcher, professor and author in the field of the experimental analysis of behavior best known for his elucidations of the motivating operation(MO), comprising Establishing Operation (EO) and Abolishing Operations (AO).

Biographic Information[link]

He was born on January 16, 1926 in Los Angeles, California.^[1] He has no siblings.^[2] His father was an automobile mechanic, His mother did not work outside of the home.^[3] He lived in a lower middle class neighborhood near downtown L.A. from the time he was 5 years old until he was drafted into the army at 18.^[4]

He attended elementary School from 1931-1937(walking distance from home), Junior High School from 1938-1940(short bike ride from home), and High School from 1941-1943.^[5] He was in the Boy Scouts for about 3 years, took drum lessons, and played in a youth orchestra/marching band.^[6]

Entered UCLA as a chemistry major in Fall 1943, completed one semester, then was drafted into the army in June 1944 (in the middle of his second semester).^[7] He did not do very well at UCLA—although he was a very good student in high school, when he got to UCLA he was only average or less than average in terms of college skills.^[8] He made a C average his first semester and about the same during second semester.^[9]

Publications[link]

He has published over 70 articles and 1 book, Concepts and Principles of Behavior Analysis.^[10] Probably his most influential publication was in 1959 which helped to set behavior modification in motion. This, in turn, lead to the establishment of the discipline of applied behavior analysis and the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis(JABA).^[11] ,^[12] Jack Michael is also the past editor of The Analysis of Verbal Behavior (TAVB), which publishes theoretical and experimental work related to extensions of Skinner's analysis of Verbal Behavior.

Present day[link]

He is currently an emeritus professor at Western Michigan University. He began teaching at WMU in 1967 and retired from the University in April 2003, teaching for a total of 36 years at WMU.^[13] He is currently married to Dr. Alyce Dickinson, Chairman of the I/O department at Western Michigan University.

References[link]

www.jackmichael.org

JaVale McGee

McGee with the Wizards
No. 34 – Denver Nuggets
Center/Power Forward
Personal information
Born	(1988-01-19) January 19, 1988 (age 24) Flint, Michigan
Nationality	American
High school	Detroit Country Day, Providence Christian, Hales Franciscan
Listed height	7 ft 0 in (2.13 m)
Listed weight	252 lb (114 kg)
Career information
College	Nevada
NBA Draft	2008 / Round: 1 / Pick: 18th overall
Selected by the Washington Wizards
Pro career	2008–present
Career history
2008–2012	Washington Wizards
2012–present	Denver Nuggets
Stats at NBA.com
Stats at Basketball-Reference.com

JaVale McGee (born January 19, 1988) is an American professional basketball player who plays for the Denver Nuggets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was selected 18th overall by the Washington Wizards in the 2008 NBA Draft.

High school and college[link]

McGee was born in Flint, Michigan, and attended two high schools in Michigan: Detroit Country Day and Providence Christian, before transferring to Hales Franciscan High School in Chicago.^[1] McGee was the starting center for the University of Nevada. According to Hales Franciscan coach Gary London, McGee's natural position in college was ideally small forward, and that he could play both forward spots.^[1] After his sophomore campaign, in which he averaged 14.3 points and 7.3 rebounds, shooting 53 percent from the field and 33 percent from three-point range, McGee decided to hire an agent and declare for the 2008 NBA Draft.^[2]

NBA[link]

McGee was selected 18th overall by the Wizards in the 2008 NBA Draft. On July 9, 2008, he signed a two-year, $2.4 million deal with the Wizards.^[3]

On January 9, 2010, McGee was fined $10,000 by the Washington Wizards for participating in Gilbert Arenas' antics before a game on January 5, 2010 against the Philadelphia 76ers. Arenas was being investigated for a prior incident involving guns in the Wizards' locker room, but made light of the accusations by pointing his finger at his teammates, as if he were shooting them. His teammates were photographed smiling and laughing with him.^[4]

On January 6, 2011, McGee was chosen to participate in the 2011 NBA Slam Dunk Contest.^[5] McGee was the first Wizard to ever participate in the contest. He finished in second place, losing to Blake Griffin. He was the first player to use three balls at one time in a dunk contest, which was later cited by the Guinness World Records as the most basketballs dunked in a single jump. The third ball was passed to him from teammate John Wall.

On March 15, 2011, in a 98–79 loss against the Chicago Bulls, McGee notched his first career triple-double, recording 11 points, 12 rebounds, and 12 blocks. His career high 12 blocks was the most since Keon Clark had 12 on March 23, 2001.^[6] However, he was criticized^{[according to whom?]} for taking ill-advised shots in the fourth quarter to ensure he reached 10 points while his team was being blown out, and even received a technical foul for excessive celebration by pulling himself on the rim after a dunk for his final points. In response to the criticism, McGee said, "I got a triple-double. Who can say they got a triple-double? I’m not really worried about it."^[7] McGee became known for his eccentric playing style, which sometimes resulted in uncommon plays. McGee averaged over 8 rebounds and 10 points over the 2011 and 2012 seasons^[8] with the Wizards.

On March 15, 2012, McGee was traded to the Denver Nuggets along with Ronny Turiaf in a deal that sent Nenê to the Wizards.^[9] As a member of the Wizards, he started 40 of 41 games in which he appeared; with the Nuggets, he would start in 5 of 20 games in which he appeared. His minutes would also be reduced, averaging 27.4 with Washington but 20.6 with Denver.^[10] The trade also put him with a team in contention for a playoff bid, and when the Nuggets earned the West's sixth seed, McGee appeared in the playoffs for the first time in his career. McGee's series-high was 21 points in Game 5 against first-round opponent Los Angeles Lakers.^[11] McGee's numbers were up and down throughout the series, including Game 7, when he scored just 2 points on 1-7 shooting in a bit more than 31 minutes of floor time.^[12]

International[link]

McGee received an invite to the United States men's national basketball team's mini camp in the summer of 2009 and again in the summer of 2010.^[13] McGee played with Team USA in a scrimmage at Radio City Music Hall during the 2010 World Basketball Festival^[14] but after an uneven performance he did not play in the team's scrimmage against China at Madison Square Garden and was cut on August 15, 2010.^[15]

McGee visited the Philippines twice during the 2011 NBA lockout, first in exhibition games with NBA stars against players from the Philippine Basketball Association and the Smart Gilas national team, and then in a basketball clinic. McGee was later mentioned as a naturalization candidate for the Philippine national team.^[16]

Personal[link]

His father, 6'10" George Montgomery, was a 1985 second-round draft selection by the Portland Trail Blazers.^[1] His mother, Pamela McGee, was a USC standout and WNBA star for the Los Angeles Sparks and Sacramento Monarchs.^[3] McGee is the first son of a WNBA player to ever play in the NBA.^[17]

McGee has the largest documented wingspan of any current NBA player at 7 ft 6.5 in (2.30 m).^[18]

NBA career statistics[link]

Regular season[link]

Playoffs[link]

See also[link]

• List of National Basketball Association players with 10 or more blocks in a game

Notes[link]