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American League Park
American League Park was a baseball park that formerly stood in Washington, D.C., at the corner of Florida Avenue and Trinidad Avenue, NE. It hosted the Washington Senators from April 29, 1901 to September 27, 1902, when the team moved to National Park. That site had been the preferred site for the American League entry, but its usage had been blocked by the National League, which still had rights to the site despite no longer having a franchise in Washington. Once peace was reached between the leagues for 1903, the American League entry moved to that site and remained there for nearly 60 years.
American League Park was also the formal name of the ballpark in New York City that was popularly known as Hilltop Park.
Coordinates: 38°54′6″N 76°59′12″W / 38.90167°N 76.98667°W / 38.90167; -76.98667
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Aqueduct Racetrack
Aqueduct Racetrack (nicknamed the Big A) is a thoroughbred horse-racing facility and racino in Ozone Park, Queens, New York. Its racing meets usually are from late October/early November through April.
Operating near the site of a former conduit of the Brooklyn Water Works that brought water from Long Island to the Ridgewood Reservoir, Aqueduct Racetrack opened on September 27, 1894 by the Queens County Jockey Club. The facility was expanded and a new clubhouse was constructed before the 1941 summer meet. In 1955, the Greater New York Association took over Aqueduct along with Belmont Park, Saratoga Race Course, and Jamaica Racetrack, deciding to make major upgrades to Aqueduct, after which Jamaica Racetrack would be sold for redevelopment as a housing project. Aqueduct closed in 1956, reopening September 14, 1959 after $33 million of renovations designed by noted racetrack architect Arthur Froehlich of the firm Arthur Froehlich and Associates of Beverly Hills, California. The Equestris Restaurant in the clubhouse opened in 1981 and was the largest restaurant in New York City at the time. Additional renovations were made in 2001, 2006, and 2007.
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Arthur Ashe Stadium
Arthur Ashe Stadium, a part of the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center located within Flushing Meadows-Corona Park in the New York City borough of Queens, is the main tennis stadium of the US Open, the last of each year's four Grand Slam tournaments, and also where the annual Arthur Ashe Kids' Day takes place. The stadium is named after the famous African-American tennis player, Arthur Ashe, who won the inaugural US Open in which professionals could compete in 1968.
Opening in 1997, Arthur Ashe Stadium replaced Louis Armstrong Stadium as the primary venue for the tournament. The Stadium, which cost $254 million to construct, features 22,547 individual seats, 90 luxury suites, five restaurants and a two-level players' lounge—making it, by far, the largest outdoor tennis-only venue in the world. The Stadium, like the other 32 courts in the facility, has a DecoTurf cushioned acrylic surface. Due to its location near Citi Field, the home of the New York Mets, all these stadiums share the Mets–Willets Point stop on the New York City Subway's 7 Train.
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Atlantic Yards
Coordinates: 40°41′03″N 73°58′38″W / 40.684226°N 73.977234°W / 40.684226; -73.977234
The Atlantic Yards is a mixed-use commercial and residential development project of 16 high-rise buildings, under construction in Prospect Heights, adjacent to Downtown Brooklyn and Fort Greene in Brooklyn, New York City. A portion of the project is part of the Atlantic Terminal Urban Renewal Area (abbreviated as ATURA), and the rest is located in a low-rise and mid-rise brownstone neighborhood.
The centerpiece of the development, according to the developers, would be the Barclays Center, which would serve as the new home of the basketball team now known as the Brooklyn Nets. Of the 22-acre (89,000 m2) project, 8.4 acres (34,000 m2) would be built over a train yard that is utilized by the Long Island Rail Road.
The Atlantic Yards project is being developed and overseen by Forest City Ratner, an arm of Forest City Enterprises, of Cleveland, Ohio and the original master
In March 2008, principal developer Bruce Ratner acknowledged that the slowing economy may delay construction of both the office and residential components of the project for several years. The uncertain economy and vagueness of the developer's statements led then-NY City Comptroller Bill Thompson to state in May 2008 "I’m not sure what that project is any longer."
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Austria
Austria (
i/ˈɒstriə/ or /ˈɔːstriə/; German: Österreich [ˈøːstɐˌʁaɪç] (
listen)), officially the Republic of Austria (German: 
Republik Österreich (help·info)), is a landlocked country of roughly 8.47 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Hungary and Slovakia to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The territory of Austria covers 83,855 square kilometres (32,377 sq mi) and has a temperate and alpine climate. Austria's terrain is highly mountainous due to the presence of the Alps; only 32% of the country is below 500 metres (1,640 ft), and its highest point is 3,798 metres (12,461 ft). The majority of the population speak local Austro-Bavarian dialects of German as their native language, and German in its standard form is the country's official language. Other local official languages are Burgenland Croatian, Hungarian and Slovene.
The origins of modern-day Austria date back to the time of the Habsburg dynasty when the vast majority of the country was a part of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Austria became one of the great powers of Europe and, in response to the coronation of Napoleon I as the Emperor of the French, the Austrian Empire was officially proclaimed in 1804. In 1867, the Austrian Empire was reformed into Austria-Hungary.
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Barclays Center
The Barclays Center is a sports arena currently under construction in Brooklyn, New York. The arena is being built partly on a platform over the Metropolitan Transportation Authority-owned Vanderbilt Yards at Atlantic Avenue. It is part of a proposed $4.9 billion sports arena, business and residential complex. The arena will serve as a new home for the National Basketball Association's Brooklyn Nets, who previously played in Newark, New Jersey. The team will start playing in the arena in the 2012–13 season.
The project is being developed by developer Forest City Ratner, who acquired the Nets in 2004, with the purpose of moving them from New Jersey to this site near the Atlantic Avenue – Barclays Center subway station (2 3 4 5 B D N Q R trains) and the Long Island Rail Road's Atlantic Terminal in Brooklyn, one of the most transit-accessible locations in the city. The move would mark the return of major league sports to Brooklyn, which have been absent since the departure of the Dodgers to Los Angeles in 1957 (their proposal for the world's first domed stadium just north of the Atlantic Yards site--currently the Atlantic Terminal Mall, owned by Forest City Ratner--to replace the unprofitable Ebbets Field had been turned down by the city in the past). Controversies involving local residents and the use of eminent domain, multiple lawsuits, as well as a lack of financing, have delayed the project.
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Belmont Park
Belmont Park is a major thoroughbred horse-racing facility located in Elmont in the Township of Hempstead in Nassau County, New York, on Long Island adjoining New York City. It first opened on May 4, 1905. It is typically open for racing throughout May, June and into late July, and again from late September through late October.
It is world famous as the home of the Belmont Stakes, known as the "Test of the Champion", the third leg of the Triple Crown.
Belmont is known as "The Championship Track" because almost every major champion in racing history since the early 20th century has competed on the racecourse — including each of the 11 Triple Crown winners. Along with Saratoga Race Course, Keeneland Race Course in Lexington, Churchill Downs in Louisville, and Del Mar and Santa Anita racecourses in California, Belmont is considered one of the elite racetracks in the sport.
The largest crowd was in 2004 when 120,139 witnessed the Belmont Stakes as Smarty Jones was seeking the Triple Crown but was upset by Birdstone.
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Belson Stadium
Belson Stadium is a soccer-specific stadium located in Jamaica, Queens, New York on the Queens campus of St. John's University.
An interesting feature of the stadium is that it is built on top of a parking garage to save space in a crowded urban environment. The official capacity is listed as 2,600 but it has seated as many as 5,000 for local rivalry matches. FC New York played their first match in front of thousands of fans against Orlando City Soccer Club, another professional soccer club.
Coordinates: 40°43′28″N 73°47′34″W / 40.724307°N 73.792838°W / 40.724307; -73.792838
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Bergen Ballpark
The Bergen Ballpark was a proposed 8,000-seat baseball-only stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey, intended to be the home of the Bergen Cliff Hawks. The stadium was to be part of the larger Meadowlands Xanadu project that is currently under construction. Bergen Ballpark was in the planning stages since 2001, but local politics and a lease agreement between the Mills Corporation, the company who built the Xanadu and would own the ballpark, halted plans in 2005.
Coordinates: 40°48′44″N 74°04′38″W / 40.812145°N 74.077131°W / 40.812145; -74.077131
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Bethpage Ballpark
Bethpage Ballpark is a 6,002-seat baseball park in Central Islip, New York that serves as the home of the Long Island Ducks, an independent minor league baseball team that is a member of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball. Its first regular season game took place on May 14, 2000, when the Ducks played host to the Aberdeen Arsenal. The game was the first in the history of both franchises, as they both entered the Atlantic League at the same time. Bethpage Ballpark hosted the 2001 and 2010 Atlantic League All-Star Games.
On July 17, 2001, Citigroup acquired European American Bank (EAB) for $1.6 billion and $350 million in preferred stock. The acquisition resulted in a name change from EAB Park to Citibank Park. However, Citigroup ended its corporate sponsorship in the spring of 2010 and the ballpark was given the temporary name "Suffolk County Sports Park" for the 2010 season.
On December 15, 2010, Suffolk County officials agreed to a $2.1 million deal with Bethpage Federal Credit Union to name the stadium "Bethpage Ballpark" until the 2020 season.
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Bloomingdale Park
Bloomingdale Park is a 138-acre (56 ha) park on the South Shore of Staten Island. It is located in the Prince's Bay neighborhood, and is bounded on the north by Ramona Avenue, on the west by Bloomingdale Road, on the east by Lenevar Avenue, and on the south by Drumgoole Road West and the Korean War Veterans Parkway. It is nearly bisected by Maguire Avenue, but the avenue's two spurs into the park from the north and south do not meet in the middle.
Beginning in February 2003 15 acres (6.1 ha) of park were renovated and upgraded with the addition of sports fields, walking and biking paths, a playground and rest center at the corner of Ramona and Lenevar Avenues which serves residents in the western portion of Woodrow. On the corner of Maguire Avenue and Drumgoole Road West, there is also a small pond habitat which was made accessible by a footpath. All the recent renovations took place to east of Maguire Avenue, and west of there remains untouched woodlands.
Coordinates: 40°32′00″N 74°12′53″W / 40.5333°N 74.2148°W / 40.5333; -74.2148
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Bosse Field
Bosse Field, is a baseball stadium located in Evansville, Indiana. Built in 1915, it is the third oldest ballpark used for professional baseball on a regular basis in the country, surpassed only by Fenway Park (1912) in Boston and Wrigley Field (1914) in Chicago.
It is the current home of the Frontier League Evansville Otters, a minor league baseball team. The Otters franchise came to Evansville in 1995 and have attracted a record number of fans for the league. In 2006 the Otters won the Frontier League title.
In 1991 the historic stadium was used by Columbia Pictures for game scenes in the movie A League of Their Own.
Bosse Field opened on July 17, 1915. It was named in honor of Benjamin Bosse, mayor of Evansville from 1914 to 1922, who bought Garvin Park and helped to build the stadium. A holiday was declared in honor of the opening of the stadium. A band marched from Sunset Park to the new stadium.
Ten baseball teams other than the Otters have played at Bosse Field. Some of the most famous are the Evansville Triplets (1970–84), Evansville Braves (1946–57), Evas/Pocketeers/Hubs (1919–1931) and the Evansville River Rats (1914–15). The River Rats had played in Evansville previously from (1903–1910) and (1901–1902). The Triplets won the American Association titles in 1972, 1975, and 1979. The River Rats won the Central League title in 1908 and 1915. The Braves won the Three-I League title in 1946, 1948, 1956, and 1957.
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Bronx Coliseum
The Bronx Coliseum is a defunct sports venue and auditorium in New York City, in the borough of The Bronx.
The 105,000-square-foot (9,800 m2) building was an auditorium originally built for Philadelphia's 1926 Sesquicentennial Exposition, and transported in 1928 to Starlight Park at 177th Street and Devoe Avenue in the "West Farms" section of the Bronx. It was also referred to as the "Starlight Park Stadium".
The 15,000-seat edifice was used for circuses, boxing, political rallies, opera, and midget auto racing. The Bronx Coliseum hosted the defunct Eastern Hockey League's Bronx Tigers franchise for two non-consecutive seasons, 1933–34, and 1937–38. The U.S. Army controlled the building from 1942 through 1946, after which it was called "Coliseum Depot" and used as a New York City Transit Authority bus garage until 1993. The building still stands.
Coordinates: 40°50′17.74″N 73°52′40.93″W / 40.8382611°N 73.8780361°W / 40.8382611; -73.8780361
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Brooklyn
Coordinates: 40°41′34″N 73°59′25″W / 40.69278°N 73.99028°W / 40.69278; -73.99028
Brooklyn is the most populous of New York City's five boroughs, with approximately 2.5 million residents, and the second-largest in area. Since 1896, Brooklyn has had the same boundaries as Kings County, which is now the most populous county in New York State and the second-most densely populated county in the United States, after New York County (Manhattan). It is also the westernmost county on Long Island.
Brooklyn was an independent city until it was annexed by New York City in 1898. It continues to maintain a distinct culture. Many Brooklyn neighborhoods are ethnic enclaves where particular ethnic groups and cultures predominate.
Brooklyn's official motto is Eendraght Maeckt Maght. Written in the (early modern spelling of the) Dutch language, it is inspired by the motto of the United Dutch Provinces and translated "Unity makes strength". The motto is displayed on the borough seal and flag, which also feature a young robed woman bearing fasces, a traditional emblem of republicanism. Brooklyn's official colors are blue and gold.
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California
California (pronouncedi/kælɨˈfɔrnjə/) is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third most extensive (after Alaska and Texas). It is home to the nation's second- and sixth-largest census statistical areas (Los Angeles Metropolitan Area and San Francisco Bay Area), and eight of the nation's fifty most populated cities (Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, Fresno, Sacramento, Long Beach and Oakland). The capital city is Sacramento.
California's diverse geography ranges from the Pacific Coast in the west, to the Sierra Nevada mountains in the east – from the Redwood–Douglas-fir forests of the northwest, to the Mojave Desert areas in the southeast. The center of the state is dominated by Central Valley, a major agricultural area. California contains both the highest and lowest points in the contiguous United States (Mount Whitney and Death Valley), and has the third-longest coastline of all states (after Alaska and Florida). Earthquakes are a common occurrence due to the state's location along the Pacific Ring of Fire: about 37,000 are recorded annually.
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Canisius College
Canisius College ( /kəˈniːʃəs/) is a private Roman Catholic college in Buffalo, New York, United States. The college was founded in 1870 by members of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) from Germany and is named after St. Peter Canisius. The college is one of 28 institutions in the Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities. It is distinct from Canisius-Kolleg, a prestigious Berlin high school also run by the Jesuits.
The campus sprawls across over a mile of city blocks and includes dedicated NCAA Division I athletic facilities along with various academic and residence buildings.
The Canisius College of Buffalo, commonly referred to as Canisius, has a long and proud history in the city of Buffalo. The first campus was on Ellicott St. in the city and was created in response to a growing need for higher education in the area. Buffalo was composed of many ethnic groups and one of the larger populations was German in origin. As Europe experienced political turmoil, more and more people left for America especially after the failed revolutions of 1848. By 1866, Prussia had exerted considerable pressure on its Germanic neighbors which caused many more people to leave. One of the places where many Germans settled was Buffalo, NY. Part of the immigrant population included German Jesuits. The college formed with Canisius High School as a natural response to the needs of the Catholic community. The college archives has an extensive collection pertaining to the history of the college and its founding.
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Carnesecca Arena
Carnesecca Arena (formerly Alumni Hall) is a 5,602-seat multi-purpose arena in Queens borough of New York City, USA. It was built in 1961 and renamed in honor of Hall of Fame Coach Lou Carnesecca on November 23, 2004. It is the exclusive home to the St. John's University Red Storm women's basketball team, and also hosts the men's team, mainly for games that are not expected to draw a crowd sufficient to fill Madison Square Garden. In practice, the men play virtually all their Big East home games at MSG and their non-conference home games here. The building hosted first round games of the NCAA men's basketball tournament from 1970 to 1974. As such, it is the last place in New York City that the tournament was held, since MSG is the home of the NIT finals and the Big East Conference Championship.
Coordinates: 40°43′27″N 73°47′40″W / 40.72417°N 73.79444°W / 40.72417; -73.79444
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Commercial Field
Commercial Field is a 2,112-acre (8.55 km2) athletic field located in the Wingate neighborhood of Brooklyn. It was home to the Commercial High School soccer, football, and baseball teams from around 1906. Other schools, such as Boys High, also called Commercial Field their home from time to time, as did local teams in the American Soccer League in the 1930s. The field was also the home field of the short-lived New York Brickley Giants, of the early National Football League, who played two games there during their 1921 season. In 1926, the Brooklyn Horsemen of the first American Football League used the stadium as their home field.
The lot was acquired by the New York Parks Department in 1940, and the field survives today as a multi-sport facility called Hamilton-Metz Field named after US Representative Herman A. Metz and US Founding Father Alexander Hamilton. .
In 1929, a visiting Bermudan cricket team played several matches at Commercial Field, defeating the All-New York and All-Brooklyn teams. The Bermudans returned for more tours during the 1930s. In 2006, a $1,570,000 restoration was completed, with the field relaid in artificial turf. Neighborhood residents often refer to the field by yet another name, Lefferts Park
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Dodger Dog
The Dodger Dog is a hot dog named after the Major League Baseball franchise that sells them (the Los Angeles Dodgers). This 10 inch ballpark frankfurter wrapped in a steamed bun is consumed by millions over the course of the baseball season. The hot dog is sold at Dodger Stadium located in Los Angeles, CA. They cost $5 each at games during the 2009 and 2010 season. According to the National Hot Dog and Sausage Council, the projected number of 2011 season hot dogs sold at Dodger Stadium was 2 million — establishing Farmer John Dodger Dogs as the leader in hot dog sales of all those sold in Major League Baseball ballparks.
There are two lines for Dodger Dog vendors: steamed or grilled. The vendors of the grilled dogs locate near the back wall of the stadium so that the smoke doesn't overwhelm the baseball fans. The grilled Dogs are considered the "classic" version.
The success of the Dodger Dog has spawned a small chain of restaurants in the Southern California area. One such restaurant named Dodger Dogs can be found in Universal City, California. The Dodger Dog is also available in the “Super Dodger Dog” variation, which is made of 100% beef as opposed to a beef/pork blend. It is believed that Dodger Dogs were first called "Dodger Dogs" in 1958 when the Dodgers first came to Los Angeles from Brooklyn. Dodger Dog weiners are also sold to the public in Southern California supermarkets under the Farmer John brand.
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Downing Stadium
Downing Stadium, previously known as Triborough Stadium and Randall's Island Stadium, was a 22,000-seat stadium in New York City. It was renamed Downing Stadium in 1955 after John J. Downing, a director at the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation.
Built on Randall's Island in the East River as a WPA project, 15,000 attendees witnessed Jesse Owens compete at Randall's Island Stadium in the Olympic Trials on July 11, 1936, the opening night of the new facility. Downing Stadium also hosted the Women's Olympic Trials in 1964. It was the site of an international soccer friendly in which England defeated the USA 10-0 on May 27, 1964.
Triborough Stadium served as one of two home stadia of the football New York Yankees of the second AFL (along with Yankee Stadium) in 1936 and 1937; about four decades later, Downing Stadium became the home of the New York Stars of the WFL in 1974, and the New York Cosmos of the NASL in 1975 (for years after the Cosmos played there, the words "COSMOS SOCCER" remained on the stadium to be seen from the nearby highway viaduct on the Triborough Bridge).
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Draddy Gymnasium
Coordinates: 40°53′27″N 73°54′01″W / 40.89073°N 73.900158°W / 40.89073; -73.900158 Draddy Gymnasium is a 2,345-seat multi-purpose arena in the Bronx, New York. It is home to the Manhattan College Jaspers basketball team.
Named in the honor of Vincent dePaul Draddy, a scholar-athlete at Manhattan College, Draddy passionately believed in the premise that excellence on the football field could, and should, be consistent with academic distinction and the highest standards of civic leadership. He thought that young men who combined athletic performance with academic excellence should be recognized. Draddy is also a College Football Hall of Famer and former Chairman of the National Football Foundation. The Vincent dePaul Draddy Trophy is a trophy awarded annually by the National Football Foundation and is given to the American college football player with the best combination of academics, community service, and on-field performance. It is considered by many to be the "Academic Heisman." Past winners include Indianapolis Colts QB Peyton Manning.
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Eastern Park
Coordinates: 40°40′10″N 73°54′9″W / 40.66944°N 73.9025°W / 40.66944; -73.9025
Eastern Park was a baseball park in Brooklyn, New York in the 1890s. It was bounded by Eastern Parkway (segment later renamed Pitkin Avenue when Eastern was diverted) to the north (home plate); the Long Island Railroad and Vesta Avenue (later renamed Van Sinderen Street) to the east (left field); Sutter Avenue to the south (center field); and Powell Street to the west (right field). The ballpark held 12,000 people.
It was originally the home of the Brooklyn Ward's Wonders of the Players' League in 1890. Some sources say that it is here that the nickname "Trolley Dodgers", later shortened to "Dodgers", first arose, due to the need for fans to cross various trolley lines to reach the ballpark. After the one-year Players' League experiment, the park became the part-time home of the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1891 and then full-time during 1892–1897, between their stints at the two versions of Washington Park.
Eastern Park was considered difficult to reach, and although the team survived there for seven seasons, the venture there was a failure. When Charlie Ebbets acquired the Dodgers, he moved the team back, to the second version of Washington Park, which was both closer to the city center and offered a lower rent.
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England
Englandi/ˈɪŋɡlənd/ is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, while the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separate it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period, but it takes its name from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in AD 927, and since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century, has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world. The English language, the Anglican Church, and English law—the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world—developed in England, and the country's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation. England's Royal Society laid the foundations of modern experimental science.
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FirstEnergy Park
First Energy Park is a stadium in Lakewood Township, New Jersey. It is primarily used for baseball and is the home field of the Lakewood BlueClaws single A minor league baseball team, affiliated with the Philadelphia Phillies Major League Baseball team. It is also used for outdoor concerts, featuring touring musical artists such as Bob Dylan. It was built in 2001 and has 6,588 seats.
The team attendance record is 13,003, set on August 26, 2002. FirstEnergy Park has held 13 crowds over 9,000 and 81 crowds over 8,000 in just eight years of play.
Recently, it was announced that FirstEnergy Park is featured in Baseball America's 2009 Great Parks calendar. It is the second time that the home of the Lakewood BlueClaws was highlighted in the calendar.
The ballpark features two general admission, grass seating areas, one in left field and another in right, 20 luxury suites, two party decks, three picnic areas, and a full video scoreboard, with a 23' x 23' video board that can play over 4.4 trillion shades of color in high definition.
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Forbes Field
Forbes Field was a baseball park in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, from 1909 to 1971. It was the third home of the Pittsburgh Pirates Major League Baseball (MLB) team, and the first home of the Pittsburgh Steelers, the city's National Football League (NFL) franchise. The stadium also served as the home football field for the University of Pittsburgh "Pitt" Panthers from 1909 to 1924. The stadium was named after British general John Forbes, who fought in the French and Indian War, and named the city in 1758.
The US$1 million ($25.9 million today) project was initiated by Pittsburgh Pirates' owner Barney Dreyfuss, with the goal of replacing his franchise's then-current home, Exposition Park. The stadium was made of concrete and steel (one of the first of its kind) in order to increase its lifespan. The Pirates opened Forbes Field on June 30, 1909 against Chicago Cubs, and would play the final game also against the Cubs on June 28, 1970. The field itself featured a large playing surface, with the batting cage placed in the deepest part of center field during games. Seating was altered multiple times throughout the stadium's life; at times fans were permitted to sit on the grass in the outfield during overflow crowds. The Pirates won three World Series while at Forbes Field and the other original tenant, the Pittsburgh Panthers football team had five undefeated seasons before moving in 1924.
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Frank Youell Field
Coordinates: 37°47′38.79″N 122°15′47.05″W / 37.7941083°N 122.2630694°W / 37.7941083; -122.2630694
Frank Youell Field was a football stadium that stood in Oakland, California. It was the home of the Oakland Raiders from 1962 to 1965.
The stadium, which was essentially a temporary home while Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum was being built, sat 22,000 and cost $400,000 to build. The facility was named for Francis J. Youell (1883-1967), an Oakland undertaker owner of the Chapel of the Oaks, Oakland City Councilman, and sports booster. It was located on the grounds of what is now part of Laney College next to the channel which connects Lake Merritt to the Oakland Estuary. The site was formerly part of the "Auditorium Village Housing Project", one of several temporary housing tracts built by the federal government in the San Francisco Bay Area for the thousands of workers who poured into the region during World War II to work in war industries, especially, in shipyards such as the Kaiser Shipyards.
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Frankford Stadium
Frankford Stadium was a football field in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania that was the home of the Frankford Yellow Jackets football team of the National Football League, which predated the Philadelphia Eagles. The stadium was also known as Yellow Jacket Field.
The stadium, located at Frankford Avenue and Devereaux Street, was the Yellow Jackets' home from 1923 through 1930. On July 27, 1931, a fire caused major damage to the structure, forcing the Yellow Jackets to play their remaining games at the Baker Bowl, Shibe Park, and the University of Pennsylvania's Franklin Field, before disbanding during the 1931 season. The site was purchased in 1933 by the Franklin Legion Athletic Association, who subsequently demolished the structure to build the Franklin Legion Athletic Field. When the Frankford Legion AA reorganized as the Northeast Philadelphia AA later that year, the stadium's name was changed to Yellow Trojan Field. As of 2007[update], an automotive dealership and some rowhomes occupy the former site.
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Franklin Field
Franklin Field is the University of Pennsylvania's stadium for football, field hockey, lacrosse, sprint football, and track and field (and formerly for soccer and baseball). It is also used by Penn students for recreation, and for intramural and club sports, including touch football and cricket, and is the site of Penn's graduation exercises, weather permitting. It is located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, at the eastern edge of Penn's campus, across the Schuylkill River from Center City. It is the home of the Penn Relays and was formerly the home field of the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League.
Franklin Field was built for $100,000 and dedicated on April 20, 1895, for the first running of the Penn Relays. Deemed by the NCAA as the oldest stadium still operating for football, it was the site of the nation's first scoreboard in 1895.
Permanent Franklin Field construction did not begin until after the turn of the century. Weightman Hall gymnasium, the stadium, and permanent grandstands were designed by architect Frank Miles Day & Brother and were erected from 1903 to 1905 at a cost of $500,000. The field was 714 feet long and 443 feet wide. The site featured a ¼-mile track, a football field, and a baseball diamond. Beneath the stands were indoor tracks and indoor training facilities.
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Freehold Raceway
Freehold Raceway is a half-mile racetrack in Freehold Borough, New Jersey. Established in 1853, it is the oldest harness racetrack in the United States and is located at the intersection of U.S. Route 9 and Business Route 33 in Freehold.
Freehold Raceway is the home of the Cane Pace, a harness horse race run annually since 1955. In 1956 the race joined with the Little Brown Jug and the Messenger Stakes to become the first leg in the Triple Crown of Harness Racing for Pacers.
In 1984, an electrical fire destroyed the main building. Racing was then held under tents until the new building was completed in 1985.
In 1990, the Freehold Raceway Mall opened up across the street, and was, until 2007, decorated with harness racing motif.
In 2005, Freehold was also the temporary home of the Yonkers Trot, part of the Triple Crown of Harness Racing for Trotters, while renovations took place at Yonkers Raceway.
The Monmouth County Agriculture Society was formed in 1853 to hold an annual fair with harness racing in the Township of Freehold. It has been researched that racing was held at the same site as early as the 1830s.
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Germany
Germany (i/ˈdʒɜrməni/), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant] ( listen)), is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state and the largest economy in the European Union. It is one of the major political powers of the European continent and a technological leader in many fields.
A region named Germania, inhabited by several Germanic peoples, was documented before AD 100. During the Migration Period, the Germanic tribes expanded southward, and established successor kingdoms throughout much of Europe. Beginning in the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th century, northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation while southern and western parts remained dominated by Roman Catholic denominations, with the two factions clashing in the Thirty Years' War, marking the beginning of the Catholic–Protestant divide that has characterized German society ever since. Occupied during the Napoleonic Wars, the rise of Pan-Germanism inside the German Confederation resulted in the unification of most of the German states into the German Empire in 1871 which was Prussian dominated. After the German Revolution of 1918–1919 and the subsequent military surrender in World War I, the Empire was replaced by the Weimar Republic in 1918, and partitioned in the Treaty of Versailles. Amidst the Great Depression, the Third Reich was proclaimed in 1933. The latter period was marked by Fascism and World War II. After 1945, Germany was divided by allied occupation, and evolved into two states, East Germany and West Germany. In 1990 Germany was reunified.
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Gilmore Stadium
Gilmore Stadium was a multi-purpose stadium in Los Angeles, California. It was opened in May 1934 and demolished in 1952, when the land was used to build CBS Television City. The stadium held 18,000. It was located next to Gilmore Field. The stadium was located west of Curson Avenue, surrounded by Beverly Boulevard, Fairfax Avenue and Third Street.
The stadium was built by Earl Gilmore, son of Arthur F. Gilmore and president of A. F. Gilmore Oil, a California-based petroleum company which was developed after Arthur struck oil on the family property. [1] The area was rich in petroleum, which was the source of the "tar" in the nearby La Brea Tar Pits.
It was used for American football games at both the professional and collegiate level. The stadium was the home of the Los Angeles Bulldogs, the first professional football team in Los Angeles. The Bulldogs competed as an independent team before joining the second American Football League in 1937 and winning its championship with a perfect 8-0-0 record, the first professional football team to win its championship with an unblemished record. After the collapse of the league, the Bulldogs returned to being an independent team before joining the American Professional Football Association in 1939. The Bulldogs then became charter members of the Pacific Coast Professional Football League in 1940 and played in Gilmore Stadium until 1948, when the team moved to Long Beach, California, for its (and the league's) final season.
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Hagemeister Park
Hagemeister Park was the name of a park in Green Bay, Wisconsin. It was the home of the Green Bay Packers of the NFL from their founding in 1919 through 1922. Owned by Hagemeister brewery, the park was located on the northern end of Washington Park (now Johannes Park).
It was a classic sandlot, located near Baird and Walnut Streets, adjacent to the East River. The playing field was roped off from the spectators' standing area. There were no ushers, no band, and no public address system. There also were no gates, since there wasn't a fence. Spectators would jump off the streetcar and walk over to the sideline to watch. Fans who drove to the game could park their cars about ten yards behind the ropes. Fans often sat in their cars or on top of them, although most stood on the sidelines, following the action up and down the field. At halftime, the teams adjourned to opposite end zones and discuss tactics for the second half. Spectators would form a ring around the players and join in on the discussions.
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Icahn Stadium
Icahn Stadium is a track and field venue located on Randall's Island, in New York City, and is one of only four Class 1 internationally certified tracks in the United States (along with Hutsell-Rosen Track, Hayward Field, and John McDonnell Field).
The stadium offers an extremely fast 400-meter Mondo Super X Performance running track, flanked by covered spectator seating for 5,000 and features modern locker rooms, showers as well as fitness, exercise and meeting rooms. In addition, a premier FIFA certified soccer field to the north of the Stadium has been built with an artificial surface, fencing, lighting and bleachers. Icahn Stadium opened on April 23, 2005 and is named after American businessman Carl Icahn for donating $10 million of the $45 million construction costs.
Icahn Stadium sits on the site of the former Downing Stadium, opened in 1936 as part of a larger New York City Parks project which included the construction of the Triborough Bridge (now the Robert F. Kennedy Bridge). The opening of Downing Stadium made history as the facility hosted the U.S. Olympic Trials, at which Jesse Owens qualified for two events in the upcoming Berlin Olympics. The site went on to be home to the New York Cosmos soccer team, various sporting events and summer concerts. The stadium lights, which were taken from Ebbets Field after it was torn down, were left in place to light the new field.
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Island Garden
Island Garden is an indoor arena in West Hempstead, New York, USA. The arena was built in 1998, and has a seating capacity of 5,000 people. It hosts a local youth basketball league. It was named for the original Island Garden, which stood just south of the present site.
The original Island Garden Arena was built in 1957 by Arnold "Whitey" Carlson a descendent of Swedish Immigrants, Mr. Carlson's grandfather was Henrik Carlson, a noted San Diego sculptor who was the Foreign Art Director for the San Diego Exposition (now Balboa Park). Over the years many concert acts such as Cream, Dave Clark Five, Tiny Tim, Louis Armstrong, The Byrds, Sly and the Family Stone, The Dave Brubeck Quartet and Bob Dylan performed at the venue. In addition to concerts there were also boxing matches, circus, rodeos, stamp shows, midget car racing, and boat shows. The 5,200 seat arena also hosted the New York Nets of the American Basketball Association from 1969 to 1972. One of the odd aspects of this arena was that the Nets were unable to play any home playoffs games in 1971 because the arena was booked. The arena was demolished in 1973, because it was unable to compete with the newer and larger Nassau Coliseum. A shopping center is currently at the site of the original Island Garden Arena.
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Italy
Italyi/ˈɪtəli/ (Italian: Italia [iˈtaːlja]), officially the Italian Republic or the Republic of Italy (Italian: Repubblica italiana), is a unitary parliamentary republic in south-central Europe. To the north, it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south, it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia–the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea–and many other smaller islands. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. The territory of Italy covers some 301,338 km2 (116,347 sq mi) and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 60.6 million inhabitants, it is the fifth most populous country in Europe, and the 23rd most populous in the world.
Rome, the capital of Italy, was for centuries a political and religious centre of Western civilisation as the capital of the Roman Empire and site of the Holy See. After the decline of the Roman Empire, Italy endured numerous invasions by foreign peoples, from Germanic tribes such as the Lombards and Ostrogoths, to the Byzantines and later, the Normans, among others. Centuries later, Italy became the birthplace of Maritime republics and the Renaissance, an immensely fruitful intellectual movement that would prove to be integral in shaping the subsequent course of European thought.
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Jersey City Armory
The Jersey City Armory is located at 678 Montgomery Street near McGinley Square in Jersey City, New Jersey. In addition to being a military training and mustering facility of the New Jersey National Guard (New Jersey National Guard 2–133 Infantry 250 Jersey City), the WPA era armory has long been used as a sports arena, particularly for boxing, basketball, and track and field events, and more recently mixed martial arts. Under the auspices of the New Jersey Department of Military and Veteran Affairs, the armory is leased to the city for community and political events and extracurricular sports programs. It has also been used as a film studio.
The armory was built to replace the previous Fourth Regiment Armory which had burned down in 1927. The Works Progress Administration project was completed in 1937, the same year the city's other big sports venue, the since demolished Roosevelt Stadium. The three-story beaux-arts structure features English Renaissance details with a granite base, brick exterior wall, and terra cotta trim. The massive interior is 175,000 square feet. Between 2005 and 2009 the armory underwent a $5.7 million refurbishment which included state-of-the-art running surface, a new basketball court, new lighting and a four-sided scoreboard as well installation of new locker rooms and restrooms. In 2010, the sidewalks around the armory were repaired.
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Levien Gymnasium
Francis S. Levien Gymnasium is a 3,408-seat arena at Columbia University in New York City. Named for New York lawyer-industrialist Francis S. Levien (1905-95), it is home to the Columbia Lions basketball team, and is also used for gym classes in between games. Part of the Marcellus Hartley Dodge Physical Fitness Center, Levien Gym opened in 1974 as a replacement for the old University Gym, which is still used for intramural sports.
Coordinates: 40°48′35″N 73°57′42″W / 40.8097897°N 73.9617151°W / 40.8097897; -73.9617151
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Lexington Park
Coordinates: 44°57′15″N 93°08′56″W / 44.954078°N 93.14886°W / 44.954078; -93.14886
Lexington Park was the name of a former minor league baseball park in St. Paul, Minnesota. It was the home of the St. Paul Saints from 1897 through 1956, when it was replaced by the first version of Midway Stadium.
Lexington Park was commissioned by baseball owner Charlie Comiskey to serve as home for his St. Paul Saints Western League baseball franchise. In late 1899 the league changed its name to the American League in an ultimately successful bid to gain major league status. While the Saints were initially a member of that league, Comiskey moved his team to Chicago prior to Opening Day 1900 (where they still exist today as the Chicago White Sox). As such, the ballpark holds at least the technical distinction of being the original home to a current American League franchise -- even if, admittedly, the league wasn't major at the time, and not a single major league game was ever played there.
Comiskey continued to own the ballpark for another decade or so (leasing it out to a replacement American Association club), until finally selling it to local interests in 1909.
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Long Island
Long Island is an island located in the southeast part of the U.S. state of New York, just east of Manhattan. Stretching northeast into the Atlantic Ocean, Long Island contains four counties, two of which are boroughs of New York City (Queens and Brooklyn), and two of which are mainly suburban (Nassau and Suffolk). The term "Long Island" often refers only to Nassau and Suffolk counties in order to differentiate them from New York City, though all four counties are on the island and part of the New York metropolitan area.
As of the 2010 census, Long Island had a population of 7,568,304, making it the most populated island in any U.S. state or territory. It is also the 17th most populous island in the world, ahead of Ireland, Jamaica and the Japanese island of Hokkaidō. Its population density is 5,402 inhabitants per square mile (2,086 /km2). If it were a state, Long Island would rank 13th in population (after Virginia) and first in population density.
Both the longest and the largest island in the contiguous United States, Long Island extends 118 miles (190 km) eastward from New York Harbor to Montauk Point, and has a maximum north-to-south expanse of 23 miles (37 km) between the northern Long Island Sound coast and the southern Atlantic coast. With a land area of 1,401 square miles (3,629 km2), Long Island is the 11th largest island in the United States and the 148th largest island in the world — larger than the 1,214 square miles (3,140 km2) of the smallest state, Rhode Island.
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Long Island Arena
Long Island Arena (also commonly known as the Commack Arena) was a 4,000-seat indoor arena in Commack, New York from 1959 until 1996. The Long Island Ducks of the Eastern Hockey League, a popular team in the small community, called the Arena home from 1959 until the league folded in 1973, one year after the New York Islanders came into existence. The Long Island Cougars (an affiliate of the WHA's Chicago Cougars) also played at the Long Island Arena from 1973 through 1975.
From 1968-1969, the Commack Arena briefly served as the home of the New York Nets of the American Basketball Association. Before the team's move to Long Island, the then-New Jersey Americans had scheduled a game against the Kentucky Colonels at the Commack Arena on March 23, 1968. The Americans and Colonels were tied in the standings, and a "play-in" game to determine who would qualify for the playoffs. The Americans were forced to move the game at the last minute because their normal home, the Teaneck Armory, was booked with the circus. However, when the Colonels and Americans arrived at the arena, they found the court full of holes and laden with condensation from a Ducks hockey game the previous night. The court was also unstable. The Colonels refused to take the court under these conditions. The league ruled that the Americans had failed to provide acceptable facilities and forfeited the game to the Colonels, 2-0. The Long Island Ducks of the Eastern Basketball Association also spent one season playing at Long Island Arena during 1977-1978.
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Los Angeles
Los Angeles (
i/lɒs ˈændʒələs/ loss-AN-jə-ləs; Spanish: [los ˈaŋxeles], which is written Los Ángeles; British pronounciation /lɒs ˈændʒəliːz/ loss-AN-jə-leez) with a population at the 2010 United States Census of 3,792,621, is the most populous city in the state of California, and the second most populous in the United States, after New York City. It has an area of 468.67 square miles (1,213.8 km2), and is located in Southern California. Often known by its initials L.A., the city is the focal point of the larger Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana metropolitan statistical area and Greater Los Angeles Area region, which contain 12,828,837 and nearly 18 million people respectively as of 2010, making it one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world and the second largest in the United States. Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated and one of the most ethnically diverse counties in the United States, while the entire Los Angeles area itself has been recognized as the most diverse of the nation's largest cities. The city's inhabitants are referred to as "Angelenos".
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Manhattan College
Manhattan College is a Roman Catholic liberal arts college in the Lasallian tradition in New York City, in the U.S. state of New York. Despite the college's name, it is no longer located in Manhattan but in the Riverdale section of the Bronx, roughly 10 miles north of Midtown. Manhattan College offers undergraduate programs in the arts, business, education, engineering and science. Graduate programs are offered for education, business and engineering.
Manhattan College was founded as the Academy of the Holy Infancy in 1853 by five French Lasallian Brothers in a small building on Canal Street. When the need to expand forced them from Lower Manhattan, the college moved to 131st Street and Broadway, in the Manhattanville section of Harlem. Passengers on the uptown 1 line of the New York City Subway will find that there is a short section of above-ground track located near the college's original location. The school's name was changed to Manhattan College in 1863, and moved to its present location in the Riverdale section of the Bronx in 1922 as it outgrew its facilities in Manhattanville. This is often the cause of some confusion as the college is located outside of Manhattan but still within the city limits of New York City.
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Mennen Arena
The William G. Mennen Sports Arena, commonly called the Mennen Sports Arena or the Mennen Arena, is a 2,500-seat multi-purpose arena in Morris Township, New Jersey. It hosts various local concerts and sporting events for the area. Mennen hosted one game for the New Jersey XTreme of the National Indoor Football League in 2005, and was formerly the home of the New Jersey Revolution of the American Indoor Football Association. Mennen also is the home of the County College of Morris hockey team as well as all of the public high school hockey teams in Morris County, New Jersey. Mennen is also one of the host arenas for the New Jersey Colonials, the main training center for the Skating Club of Morris, and the Precisely Right synchronized skating team .
On June 18, 2005, CM Punk won the Ring of Honor World Heavyweight Championship at the arena from Austin Aries.
The Mennen Arena built in 1973 on land donated by the Mennen Company, now part of Colgate-Palmolive. It was opened to the public on January 12, 1975. At that time, the facility consisted of one indoor multi-purpose arena with articifical ice in place for most of the year.
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Metropolitan Oval
The Metropolitan Oval, also known as Met Oval, is a soccer complex located in Maspeth, Queens in New York City. Village Voice named the complex, which takes up 4.2 acres (17,000 m2), the "Best full soccer field in the middle of a residential neighborhood" in 2004, for its "pristine" playing surface and the view of the Manhattan skyline.
The Metropolitan Oval was originally built in 1925 by Germans and Ethnic German-Hungarian Immigrants to be a European style soccer field with facilities. From 1925 onwards, the Oval served as a soccer field for men and boys of all ages and ethnicities. Many U.S. national team players from the New York region played games at the Oval while youths.
By the 1990s, however, the Oval was in a state of disarray. Any grass the field once had was gone from overuse. It owed hundreds of thousands of dollars in back taxes and was scheduled for foreclosure by the city.
In response to this state of affairs, the Metropolitan Oval Foundation was formed to save this historic site. The non-profit organization led by Jim Vogt, a longtime Queens native, and Chuck Jacob and Valerie Jacob, two New York lawyers dedicated to the restoration of historic soccer fields across the city, raised enough money to save the field from foreclosure. In addition, Nike and U.S. Soccer Foundation each contributed $250,000 towards the construction of a FieldTurf field and new lights for the complex.FIFA president Sepp Blatter, who visited the Met Oval in November 2001 after the field was resurfaced, called FieldTurf the "future of football".
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New York
New York (/njuː ˈjɔrk/; locally IPA: [nɪu ˈjɔək] or [nuː ˈjɔɹk] (
listen)) is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. New York is the 27th most extensive, the 3rd most populous, and the 7th most densely populated of the 50 United States. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east. The state has a maritime border with Rhode Island east of Long Island, as well as an international border with the Canadian provinces of Ontario to the west and north, and Quebec to the north. The state of New York is often referred to as New York State to distinguish it from New York City.
New York City, with a population of over 8.1 million, is the most populous city in the United States. Alone, it makes up over 40 percent of the population of New York state. It is known for its status as a center for finance and culture and for its status as the largest gateway for immigration to the United States. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, New York City is also a destination of choice for many foreign visitors. Both the state and city were named for the 17th century Duke of York, James Stuart, future James II and VII of England and Scotland.
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New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. The city is referred to as New York City or The City of New York to distinguish it from the State of New York, of which it is a part. As a global power city, New York exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment. The home of the United Nations Headquarters, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural capital of the world.
Located on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which comprises a state county. The five boroughs—The Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island—were consolidated into a single city in 1898. With a Census-estimated 2011 population of 8,244,910 distributed over a land area of just 305 square miles (790 km2), New York is the most densely populated major city in the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. The New York City Metropolitan Area's population is the United States' largest, with 18.9 million people distributed over 6,720 square miles (17,400 km2), and is also part of the most populous combined statistical area in the United States, containing 22.1 million people as of the 2010 Census.
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Nickerson Field
Nickerson Field is a stadium on the site of Braves Field, in Boston, Massachusetts, the former home of the National League Boston Braves baseball team which is now located in Atlanta. Parts of Braves Field, such as the entry gate and right-field pavilion, remain as portions of the stadium.
The stadium is now owned by Boston University, and is the home field for many of the school's athletics programs, including soccer and lacrosse. It was also the home of BU's football team until the school dropped the sport following the 1997 season.
From the mid-1980s to 1995, the stadium hosted the New England Scholastic Band Association's marching band field show championships.
Since its reconfiguration in the 1950s, six professional sports franchises have used this stadium:
Boston University purchased the former home of the Braves on July 30, 1953 and renamed it Boston University Field. The stadium inherited its current name from the school's previous athletic field, which had been in the town of Weston. That field was taken by eminent domain in 1955 for construction of Route 128. BU used the proceeds, in part, to renovate the former baseball park and renamed it for William E. Nickerson, a member of the BU Board of Trustees who had donated the original field in Weston to BU in 1928. According to the previously referenced article, Nickerson "was an MIT graduate who was the principal inventor of the machinery used to manufacture the first Gillette safety razor."
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Normal Park
Coordinates: 41°46′53.11″N 87°39′16.34″W / 41.7814194°N 87.6545389°W / 41.7814194; -87.6545389
Normal Park is the name of a former football field in Chicago, Illinois. It was on Racine Avenue between 61st and 62nd Streets, extending to Throop Street. Normal Avenue (or Normal Boulevard) is also sometimes given as one of its bordering streets, although Normal Avenue (500W)is about 7 blocks east of Racine (1200W), at least under the current city grid configuration.
Normal Park was the home of the Chicago Cardinals, who started out as the "Morgan Athletic Club" in 1898 and changed their name to "Racine Normals" after they began playing at the field.
Soon after, they became the "Racine Cardinals". According to legend, they assumed that nickname upon acquiring some reddish hand-me-down jerseys from the University of Chicago football team, the Maroons.
The Cardinals joined the new American Professional Football Association (soon renamed the National Football League) and continued to use Normal Park as their home field for several years and continue to be called the Racine Cardinals for a while. They changed their name again, to "Chicago Cardinals", to avoid confusion after the National Football League fielded a team in Racine, Wisconsin.
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Offermann Stadium
Coordinates: 42°54′54″N 78°51′43″W / 42.915114°N 78.862009°W / 42.915114; -78.862009 Offermann Stadium was a stadium in Buffalo, New York. It was primarily used for baseball and was the home of Buffalo Bisons of the International League. The ballpark had a capacity of 14,000 people and opened in 1924. It was located on the block bounded by East Ferry Street (north, third base), Masten Avenue (east, left field), Woodlawn Avenue (south, right field) and Michigan Avenue (west, first base).
After the lease ran out on Olympic Park after the conclusion of the 1888 season, Buffalo Baseball Park was built at East Ferry and Michigan Avenue. It was a wooden structure which opened for professional baseball in 1889, serving the high-minor league club's needs for well over three decades. For 1924, a new steel-and-concrete structure was built on the site. It was initially called Bison Stadium, and was renamed in memory of owner Frank J. Offermann in 1935 following his death.
According to one source, this park was the site of the first high-minor league night game, on July 3, 1930, a year in which many minor league teams resorted to lights during the heat of summer as a means of boosting attendance as the Great Depression began to take effect (the majors would not begin using lights until 1935).
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Palmer Stadium
Palmer Stadium was a stadium in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. It hosted the Princeton University Tigers football team, as well as the track and field team. The stadium held 45,750 people at its peak and was opened in 1914 with a game against Dartmouth. It closed in 1996 with a game against Dartmouth. Princeton University Stadium was built on the site (albeit pushed slightly further north) in 1997.
The building was named for Stephen S. Palmer, a trustee of the university, by his son, Edgar Palmer III. Like Harvard Stadium, it was horseshoe-shaped (which was modeled after the Greek Olympic Stadium), but was wider, including a full-sized track (around the football field) . It opened to the south (facing Lake Carnegie) and the grand main entrance was at the north.
It hosted the Division I NCAA Men's Lacrosse Championship in 1981. From 1936 to its closing, the track's long-jump record was held by Jesse Owens.
Coordinates: 40°20′45″N 74°39′00″W / 40.345755°N 74.65003°W / 40.345755; -74.65003
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Parkway Field
Parkway Field is the name of a minor league baseball and college baseball park that stood in Louisville, Kentucky. It was home to the Louisville Colonels of the American Association from 1923 into the mid 1950s, and then of the University of Louisville team for several decades until they abandoned it in 1998 and moved to Cardinal Stadium). Prior to its demolition, Parkway Field had become a home run haven for U of L Head Coach Gene Baker's "Over the Wall Gang." The Cards led NCAA Division I in long balls in 1991 and 1992 while finishing runnerup in 1995. The 1991 squad featured six Cardinals who tallied at least 15 roundtrippers each, Richie Hawks, Rob Newman, Greg Gooding, Dan Kopriva, Charlie Allen, and Darren Oppel. The 1992 club also topped the nation in team batting average and team slugging percentage.
It is or was south of Eastern Parkway and west of Brook Street, near the University campus.
Source:
Coordinates: 38°12′46″N 85°45′30″W / 38.212847°N 85.758347°W / 38.212847; -85.758347
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Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania (i/ˌpɛnsɨlˈveɪnjə/), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a US state that is located in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States, and the Great Lakes Region. The state borders Delaware to the southeast, Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, Ontario, Canada to the northwest, New York to the north, and New Jersey to the east.
Pennsylvania is the 33rd most extensive, the 6th most populous, and the 9th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The state's four most populous cities are Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown, and Erie. The state capital is Harrisburg. Pennsylvania has 51 miles (82 km) of shoreline along Lake Erie and 57 miles (92 km) of shoreline along the Delaware Estuary.
Pennsylvania is 170 miles (274 km) north to south and 283 miles (455 km) east to west. Of a total 46,055 square miles (119,282 km2), 44,817 square miles (116,075 km2) are land, 490 square miles (1,269 km2) are inland waters, and 749 square miles (1,940 km2) are waters in Lake Erie. It is the 33rd largest state in the United States. Pennsylvania has 51 miles (82 km) of coastline along Lake Erie and 57 miles (92 km) of shoreline along the Delaware Estuary.
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Queens
Queens is the easternmost of the five boroughs of New York City and the largest in area and the second-largest in population. Since 1899, Queens has had the same boundaries as Queens County, which is now the second most populous county in New York State and the fourth-most densely populated county in the United States. Queens, as well as neighboring borough Brooklyn, sits on the west end of geographic Long Island. Queens is the most ethnically diverse urban area in the world with a population of over 2.2 million, 46% of whom are foreign-born, representing over 100 different nations and speaking over 138 different languages.
Were each New York City borough an independent city, Queens would be the nation's fourth largest city, after Los Angeles, Chicago, and Brooklyn. Queens has the second-largest and most diversified economy of all the five boroughs of New York City.Long Island City, on the Queens waterfront across from Manhattan on the East River, is the site of the Citicorp Building, the tallest skyscraper in New York City outside of Manhattan and the tallest building on geographic Long Island.
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RCA Dome
RCA Dome (originally Hoosier Dome) was a domed stadium, located in Indianapolis, Indiana, and the home of the Indianapolis Colts NFL franchise for 24 seasons (1984–2007).
It was completed at a cost of $77.5 million, as part of the Indiana Convention Center, with the costs split between private and public money.
It was demolished in December 2008, as part of a project to expand the attached convention center.
The roof was made up of teflon-coated fiberglass and weighed 257 tons, which was held up by the air pressure inside the building.
The ceiling was 193 feet (59 m) high, though the height varied up to five feet as the materials expanded and contracted with the weather.
As was the case with other domes of this style (the Metrodome, BC Place, the Carrier Dome, and the Pontiac Silverdome) there were warning signs posted cautioning patrons of the high winds at the doors when exiting.
It was similar in design and appearance to the Metrodome and the previous BC Place roof, owing in great part to the involvement of engineers David Geiger and Walter Bird, pioneers in air-supported roofs.
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Roosevelt Stadium
Roosevelt Stadium was a baseball park at Droyer's Point in Jersey City, New Jersey. It opened in April 1937 and hosted high-minor league baseball, fourteen major league baseball games, plus championship boxing matches, top-name musical acts, important regional high school football and even soccer matches. It was demolished in 1985.
On June 5, 1929, Jersey City Mayor Frank Hague announced his plans to construct a 50,000-seat municipal stadium in Jersey City to surround a field 500 feet long by 400 feet wide, that would be dedicated to the memory of the city's war dead. It was expected to cost $500,000 and be built by Spring 1930. Mayor Hague planned for the stadium to have 35,000 permanent seats with ground space for an additional 15,000. It would be a multi-purpose stadium for baseball, football, track and field events, and boxing.
Roosevelt Stadium was finally built in 1937, as a Works Progress Administration project on the grounds of what was the Jersey City Airport at Droyer's Point. The airport was operated by Eddie August Schneider starting in 1935. It was named for President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the author of that New Deal agency. It was designed in Art Deco style.
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Rose Hill Gymnasium
Coordinates: 40°51′44″N 73°53′02″W / 40.862148°N 73.883824°W / 40.862148; -73.883824
Rose Hill Gymnasium is a 3,470-seat multi-purpose arena on the Rose Hill campus of Fordham University in The Bronx, New York City. The arena, which opened in 1925, is the oldest on-campus venue currently in use by a NCAA Division I basketball team and the second-oldest overall, with the oldest being Matthews Arena used by Northeastern University which opened in 1910. It also houses the volleyball & women's basketball teams.
At the time it was built, it was one of the largest on-campus facilities in the country, earning it the nickname "The Prairie." The Rose Hill Gymnasium has been the site of many legendary college and high school basketball games, including the final high school game of Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (then known as Lew Alcindor). During World War II, it was also used as a barracks. New York City Mayor Ed Koch lived in these barracks for a time.
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Rothman Center
Rothman Center is a 5,000-seat multi-purpose arena in Hackensack, New Jersey. It was built in 1987 and is home to the Fairleigh Dickinson University Knights men's & women's basketball, volleyball, track & field teams, and many other sports.
The center hosted the Northeast Conference men's basketball tournament final in the 2004-05 and 2005-06 seasons. The center also hosts various trade shows and special events ranging from doll shows and toy soldier shows to visits by Vice President George H.W. Bush in 1988 & former President Bill Clinton as well as former Vice President Al Gore. On October 21, 2009 the Rothman Center was visited by President Barack Obama. Mr. Obama visited the Rothman Center to rally for former Governor of New Jersey Jon S. Corzine.
The Rothman Center is named for Mr. & Mrs. George Rothman, both of whom were generous benefactors to the university.
The Northeast Conference men's basketball tournament was held there three times.
Coordinates: 40°53′46″N 74°02′05″W / 40.896022°N 74.034817°W / 40.896022; -74.034817
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San Francisco
San Francisco (/ˌsæn frənˈsɪskoʊ/), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the financial, cultural, and transportation center of the San Francisco Bay Area, a region of 7.6 million people which includes San Jose and Oakland. The only consolidated city-county in California, it encompasses a land area of about 46.9 square miles (121 km2) on the northern end of the San Francisco Peninsula, giving it a density of about 17,179 people per square mile (6,632 people per km2). It is the most densely settled large city (population greater than 200,000) in the state of California and the second-most densely populated large city in the United States after New York City. San Francisco is the fourth most populous city in California and the 13th most populous city in the United States, with a population of 805,235 as of the 2010 Census. The San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont metropolitan area has a population of 4,335,391.
In 1776, colonists from Spain established a fort at the Golden Gate and a mission named for Francis of Assisi a few miles away. The California Gold Rush of 1849 propelled the city into a period of rapid growth, increasing the population in one year from 1,000 to 25,000, and thus transforming it into the largest city on the West Coast at the time. After three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire, San Francisco was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later. During World War II, San Francisco was the port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater. After the war, the confluence of returning servicemen, massive immigration, liberalizing attitudes, and other factors led to the Summer of Love and the gay rights movement, cementing San Francisco as a center of liberal activism in the United States.
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Scotland
Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba ([ˈalˠ̪apə] listen (help·info))) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland constitutes over 790 islands including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.
Edinburgh, the country's capital and second largest city, is one of Europe's largest financial centres. Edinburgh was the hub of the Scottish Enlightenment of the 18th century, which transformed Scotland into one of the commercial, intellectual and industrial powerhouses of Europe. Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, was once one of the world's leading industrial cities and now lies at the centre of the Greater Glasgow conurbation. Scottish waters consist of a large sector of the North Atlantic and the North Sea, containing the largest oil reserves in the European Union. This has given Aberdeen, the third largest city in Scotland, the title of Europe's oil capital.
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Shaw Stadium
Shaw Stadium is a high school stadium in East Cleveland, Ohio. In 1938, the NFL's Cleveland Rams played there and finished the season with a 4-7 record.
Currently, the Shaw High School Cardinals football team plays its home games there.
Coordinates: 41°32′27″N 81°34′59″W / 41.54083°N 81.58306°W / 41.54083; -81.58306
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Singer Bowl
The Singer Bowl is a stadium that formerly stood in Flushing Meadows–Corona Park, in the New York City borough of Queens. The stadium was built for events during the 1964 World's Fair, also hosting various Olympic trials and concerts over the years.
On friday, August 2nd, 1968 the Singer bowl hosted a concert headlined by The Doors with The Who as the opening act.
In the early 1970s, though, the United States Tennis Association was looking for a new place to host the U.S. Open as relations with the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills, which had hosted the tournament, were breaking down. The USTA was initially unable to find a sufficient site, but the association's incoming president, W.E. Hester saw the old Singer Bowl from the window of an airplane flying into LaGuardia Airport. The old, long rectangular stadium was heavily renovated and divided into two adjacent stadia, becoming Louis Armstrong Stadium and the adjacent grandstand.
In the summer of 1972 professional boxing was held at the Singer Bowl. Some of the fighters who boxed at the Singer Bowl were former Heavyweight Champion Floyd Patterson and future world champions Vito Antuofermo and Saoul Mamby. Other boxers of note that boxed at the Singer Bowl in 1972 were Edwin Viruet, John Clohessy, Roy Edmonds, Eduardo Santiago and others.
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Spiro Sports Center
Spiro Sports Center is a 2,100-seat multi-purpose arena located on the campus of Wagner College in Staten Island, New York. It was built in 1999 as an extensive addition to the Sutter Gymnasium which was constructed in 1951. The center is home to the Wagner College Seahawks men's and women's basketball team. The Northeast Conference men's basketball tournament was held there in 1999 and 2003.
The center also houses a pool, numerous locker rooms, fitness center/weight room, training room, equipment room, as well as offices and meeting rooms for Wagner's intercollegiate athletic programs.
Coordinates: 40°36′54″N 74°05′45″W / 40.615°N 74.095833°W / 40.615; -74.095833
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Sweden
Sweden (i/ˈswiːdən/ SWEE-dən; Swedish: Sverige [ˈsværjɛ] ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: Konungariket Sverige (help·info)), is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland, and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Øresund.
At 450,295 square kilometres (173,860 sq mi), Sweden is the third largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of about 9.4 million. Sweden has a low population density of 21 inhabitants per square kilometre (54 /sq mi) with the population mostly concentrated to the southern half of the country. About 85% of the population live in urban areas. Sweden's capital city is Stockholm, which is also the largest city.
Sweden emerged as an independent and unified country during the Middle Ages. In the 17th century, the country expanded its territories to form the Swedish Empire. The empire grew to be one of the great powers of Europe in the 17th and early 18th century. Most of the conquered territories outside the Scandinavian Peninsula were lost during the 18th and 19th centuries. The eastern half of Sweden, present-day Finland, was lost to Russia in 1809. The last war in which Sweden was directly involved was in 1814, when Sweden by military means forced Norway into a personal union. Since then, Sweden has been at peace, practicing "non-participation in military alliances during peacetime and neutrality during wartime". However, Sweden has been a member of the European Union since 1 January 1995 and is a member of the OECD.
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TD Bank Ballpark
TD Bank Ballpark is a 6,100-seat baseball park in Bridgewater Township, New Jersey that hosted its first regular season baseball game on June 7, 1999, as the tenants of the facility, the Somerset Patriots, defeated the Newark Bears. It was designed by Clark Caton Hintz and SSP Architecture and built by Epic Construction.
TD Bank Ballpark is named for TD Bank, N.A., which purchased Commerce Bancorp in 2007. Formerly called Commerce Bank Ballpark, the original naming rights were sold to the institution in July 2000. The stadium was originally known as Somerset Ballpark.
TD Bank Ballpark was opened by former New Jersey governor, Christine Todd Whitman, and other New Jersey officials on June 7, 1999, with the Patriots defeating the Newark Bears. Since its inception, the ballpark has seen one of the highest attendance averages in the Atlantic League, second only to Citibank Park in Central Islip, New York.
TD Bank Ballpark is also the home of the Somerset County Baseball Tournament and was the home of the Big East Baseball Championship. In the off-season, the ballpark was the site of the Big Apple Circus, and the former home of the New Jersey State Fair. In 2004, the New Jersey Fire of Pro Cricket played their only season of existence at TD Bank Park.
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Texas Stadium
Texas Stadium was a football stadium located in Irving, Texas, a suburb of Dallas. The stadium opened on September 17, 1971.
Built to replace the aging Cotton Bowl, it served as the home field of the NFL's Dallas Cowboys from 1971 to 2008, and had a seating capacity of 65,675. The Cotton Bowl still stands as of November 2010, but Texas Stadium is now demolished.
In 2009, the stadium was replaced as home of the Cowboys by the $1.15 billion Cowboys Stadium, which completed construction and officially opened on May 27, 2009 in Arlington, Texas.
The stadium was demolished by a controlled implosion on April 11, 2010.
In the mid-1960s, then-Cowboys owner Clint Murchison, Jr. realized that the area surrounding the Cotton Bowl had become unsafe and downtrodden, and it was not a location he wanted his big dollar season ticket holders to be forced to go through. Murchison was denied a request by Dallas mayor Erik Jonsonn to build a new stadium in downtown Dallas as part of a civic-bond package. Murchison envisioned a new stadium with sky-boxes and one in which attendees would have to pay a personal seating license as a prerequisite to purchasing season tickets. With two games left for the Cowboys to play in the 1967 NFL season, Murchison and Cowboys general manager Tex Schramm announced a plan to build a new stadium in Irving, Texas.
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Union Grounds
Union Grounds was a baseball park located in the Williamsburg section of Brooklyn, New York. The grounds opened in 1862 and was the first baseball park enclosed entirely by a fence, thereby allowing proprietor William Cammeyer or his tenant to charge admission, permitting only paying customers to watch the games. It was built on a large block bounded by Harrison Avenue, Rutledge Street, Lynch Street, and Marcy Avenue.
During its early years Union Grounds was the home field for several ballclubs, notably including the Brooklyn Eckfords, 1862 and 1863 champions of the National Association of Base Ball Players. In 1868, the New York Mutuals moved in from Elysian Fields, Hoboken, New Jersey, long-time home of Manhattan clubs but never enclosed. The ballpark's entrance was on Rutledge Street, and a one-story building in right field, 350 feet away from home plate, was in play.
After formation of the first professional league, the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players, Union Grounds was home to the New York Mutuals from 1871 to 1876 (the only year as a member of the new National League), the Brooklyn Eckfords of the National Association in 1872, and the Brooklyn Atlantics of the National Association from 1873 to 1875. It also served as home field for the "Hartford of Brooklyn" team during the 1877 National League season. On July 26, 1878, the final major league game was played on the grounds, with Providence defeating Milwaukee 4-1. The grounds continued to host barnstorming major league clubs, amateur clubs and independent clubs through the 1882 season.
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West Side Stadium
The West Side Stadium (also known as the New York Sports and Convention Center) was a proposed football stadium to be built on a platform over the rail yards on the West Side of Manhattan in New York City.
The arena would have been an all-weather facility with a retractable roof, allowing it to be used as either a 200,000 square feet (18,600 m2) indoor convention hall, or an 85,000 seat (75,000 post-Olympics) indoor/outdoor sporting event stadium. It was to be the new home for the New York Jets of the National Football League, who at the time of the proposal played at Giants Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey and were junior tenants to the New York Giants. The stadium was to have served as the centerpiece of New York's bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics, but, after heated debate, the proposal was defeated a month before the International Olympic Committee was to make its decision.
The site was to link the transportation, hotel and business hub centered on Herald Square and Madison Square Garden with the Jacob J. Javits Convention Center. It was promoted by New York Governor George Pataki, New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg, and Congressman Charles Rangel, but opposed by most of the local elected officials representing the area. The centerpiece of the city's bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics, the stadium would have been part of a larger project to revitalize a long-underdeveloped area, including an expansion of the Javits Center and the 7 Subway Extension. It was going to host Super Bowl XLIV in 2010 along with a college bowl game with a Big East team to be known as the Big Apple Bowl.
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Yanitelli Center
The Victor R. Yanitelli, S.J. Recreational Life Center is a multipurpose athletic facility on the campus of Saint Peter's College, a private, coeducational Roman Catholic college in Jersey City New Jersey, United States. Notable for its air-supported "bubble," the building opened in 1975 at a cost of $6 million and is named after the 17th president of the college.
The facility is the host of home contests at the college's for men's and women's basketball, volleyball, tennis, swimming and diving. For men's basketball games, collapsible bleachers are expanded to cover two of the main gymnasium's three full courts and provide a seating capacity of 3,200. For the women's games, only one of the bleachers is opened.
The building also houses an Olympic-size swimming pool with 1- and 3-meter diving boards, a fitness center, a weight room, a racquetball court, and a squash court. The offices for the Department of Athletics are located on the third floor while the Department of Recreation and Intramural Sports is in the basement.
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Yogi Berra Stadium
Yogi Berra Stadium is a baseball stadium in Little Falls, New Jersey, US, on the campus of Montclair State University, which is located in Montclair. The stadium is home to the New Jersey Jackals of the independent Can-Am League as well as Montclair State's baseball team, and hosted the New Jersey Pride of Major League Lacrosse in the team's inaugural season in 2001.
Yogi Berra Stadium has an official seating capacity of 3,784 people. However, the stadium's actual capacity is much larger, as it is capable of holding overflow crowds with standing room and grass seating available in right field. These tickets are sold only in the event of an anticipated large crowd, such as on holidays or fireworks nights. As of 2011, Yogi Berra Stadium is one of two venues in New Jersey to host Can-Am League teams, with Bears & Eagles Riverfront Stadium in Newark, New Jersey being the other; from 2006 to 2010 Yogi Berra Stadium shared that distinction with Skylands Park in Sussex County, New Jersey, which was home to the Sussex Skyhawks.
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Yurcak Field
Yurcak Field is a multi-purpose soccer and lacrosse stadium on the main campus of Rutgers University in Piscataway Township, New Jersey, United States. It was built in 1994 and holds 5,000 people. The stadium is officially named "The Soccer/Lacrosse Stadium at Yurcak Field" in honor of Ronald N. Yurcak, a 1965 All-American Rutgers Lacrosse player.
Rutgers University hosts its home games at this stadium, as does Sky Blue FC in Women's Professional Soccer. It hosted the Division II & III NCAA Men's Lacrosse Championship games in 1998, 2001, and 2002. The stadium also hosted games for the New Jersey Pride of Major League Lacrosse from 2001 through 2008.
Coordinates: 40°31′07″N 74°27′49″W / 40.518642°N 74.463654°W / 40.518642; -74.463654
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Ace Parker
Clarence "Ace" Parker, (born May 17, 1912) is a former quarterback who played for the Brooklyn Dodgers (1937–1941), Boston Yanks (1945), and the New York Yankees. He was an All-American tailback at Duke University in 1936. Parker also played Major League Baseball during 1936 and 1937 with the Philadelphia Athletics.
Ace Parker was the son of Ernest and Mabel Parker and grew up near Norfolk, Virginia. He attended Woodrow Wilson High School in Portsmouth, graduating with the class of 1933 and starring in five sports. He enrolled at Duke University as a freshman in 1933.
At Duke, Parker competed in three sports: football, basketball, and baseball. From 1934 - 1936, he starred at tailback, doing most of the running and passing for Duke. He was second team All-American in 1935 and consensus All-American first team in 1936. He placed sixth in the Heisman Trophy voting in 1936. Parker was a great open-field runner and one of the best punters in college football at the time. His 105 yard kickoff return against North Carolina is still a Duke school record. Parker also stood out as a baseball player at Duke, playing in 1935-1936.
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Al Pierotti
Albert Felix "Al" Pierotti (October 24, 1895 – February 12, 1964) was a professional American football offensive lineman and Major League Baseball pitcher.
Pierotti played in the American Professional Football League with the Akron Pros, Cleveland Tigers and the New York Brickley Giants. Please note that Brickley's New York Giants are not related to the modern-day New York Giants. Al won the 1920 NFL Championship with Akron.
When the AFPA became the National Football League in 1922, Pierotti went on to play with the Milwaukee Badgers, Racine Legion, Boston Bulldogs, and the Providence Steam Roller. However in 1926, Al switiched briefly to the rivial American Football League started by Red Grange and his agent C. C. Pyle. During this season, Al played with the Boston Bulldogs, not to be confused with the NFL's Boston Bulldogs in 1929.
Prior to playing professional football, Al played college football at Washington and Lee University.
Pierotti began his professional baseball career with the minor league Providence Grays of the Eastern League. The following season, he joined the Boston Braves in August, appearing in six games. He pitched in two games the following year before returning to the Eastern League with the Pittsfield Hillies. After one more season, split between Pittsfield and the Waterbury Brasscos, Pierotti returned to football full-time.
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Austria
Austria (i/ˈɒstriə/ or /ˈɔːstriə/; German: Österreich [ˈøːstɐˌʁaɪç] ( listen)), officially the Republic of Austria (German: Republik Österreich (help·info)), is a landlocked country of roughly 8.47 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Hungary and Slovakia to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The territory of Austria covers 83,855 square kilometres (32,377 sq mi) and has a temperate and alpine climate. Austria's terrain is highly mountainous due to the presence of the Alps; only 32% of the country is below 500 metres (1,640 ft), and its highest point is 3,798 metres (12,461 ft). The majority of the population speak local Austro-Bavarian dialects of German as their native language, and German in its standard form is the country's official language. Other local official languages are Burgenland Croatian, Hungarian and Slovene.
The origins of modern-day Austria date back to the time of the Habsburg dynasty when the vast majority of the country was a part of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Austria became one of the great powers of Europe and, in response to the coronation of Napoleon I as the Emperor of the French, the Austrian Empire was officially proclaimed in 1804. In 1867, the Austrian Empire was reformed into Austria-Hungary.
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Benny Friedman
Benjamin "Benny" Friedman (March 18, 1905 – November 24, 1982) was an American football quarterback who played for the University of Michigan (1924–1926), Cleveland Bulldogs (1927), Detroit Wolverines (1928), New York Giants (1929–1931), and Brooklyn Dodgers (1932–1934).
He is generally considered the first great passer in professional football. In 2005, Friedman was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame.
Friedman became the starting quarterback and placekicker midway through his sophomore year at Michigan (On defense, he played in the backfield). In 1925 and 1926, he led the Wolverines to consecutive 7–1 seasons and first place finishes in the Big Ten Conference. Against Indiana in 1925, Friedman accounted for 44 points, throwing for five touchdowns and kicking two field goals and eight extra points. The following year, he was a consensus first-team All-American and most valuable player of the Big Ten.
In 1927, Friedman joined his hometown Cleveland Bulldogs in the National Football League. After a successful rookie season in Cleveland, he had a spectacular second year playing for the Detroit Wolverines. In 1928, Friedman led the NFL in passing touchdowns, rushing touchdowns and scoring as well as extra points (He may have led in other categories, too, but the NFL did not record yardage stats in those days.)
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Branch Rickey
Wesley Branch Rickey (December 20, 1881 – December 9, 1965) was an innovative Major League Baseball executive elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1967. He was known for breaking Major League Baseball's color barrier by signing African American player Jackie Robinson, for drafting the first Hispanic superstar, Roberto Clemente, for creating the framework for the modern minor league farm system, for encouraging the Major Leagues to add new teams through his involvement in the proposed Continental League, and for introducing the batting helmet.
Rickey's many achievements and deep Christian faith earned him the nickname "the Mahātmā."
Rickey was born in Stockdale, Ohio, USA, the son of Jacob Frank Rickey and Emily Brown Rickey. He was a catcher on the baseball team at Ohio Wesleyan University and, in 1903, signed a contract with Terre Haute, Indiana of the Class B Central League, making his professional debut on June 20. Rickey was assigned to Le Mars, Iowa of the Class D Iowa-South Dakota League. Later, he spent two seasons in the major leagues, debuting as a St. Louis Brown in 1905. Sold to the New York Highlanders in 1907, Rickey could neither hit nor field while with the club, and his batting average dropped below .200. One opposing team stole 13 bases while Rickey was behind the plate, setting a record which still stands a century later. Rickey also injured his throwing arm and retired as a player after just one year. (During this period, Rickey also spent two seasons—1904 and 1905—coaching baseball and football and teaching at Allegheny College in Pennsylvania.)
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Burleigh Grimes
Burleigh Arland Grimes (August 18, 1893 – December 6, 1985) was an American professional baseball player, and the last pitcher officially permitted to throw the spitball. He was elected to the Wisconsin Athletic Hall of Fame in 1954. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1964.
Nicknamed "Ol' Stubblebeard", Grimes was born in Emerald, Wisconsin. Burleigh made his professional debut in 1913, in Ottumwa, Iowa, for the Ottumwa Packers in the Central Association. He made his major league debut on September 10, 1916, for the Pittsburgh Pirates, and in 1920, when the spitball was banned, he was named as one of the 17 established pitchers who would be allowed to continue to throw the pitch. The 26-year-old Grimes made the most of this advantage, and over the course of his 19-year career, won 270 games and pitched in four World Series. At the time of his retirement, he was the last of the 17 spitballers left in the league.
Grimes played for the Pittsburgh Pirates (1916 - 1917), the Brooklyn Dodgers (1918-1926), the New York Giants (1927), the Pirates again (1928-1929), the Boston Braves (1930), the St. Louis Cardinals (the rest of 1930 and 1931), the Chicago Cubs (1932 and part of 1933), the Cardinals again (the rest of 1933 and part of 1934), the Pirates again (1934), and the New York Yankees (the last part of 1934).
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Captain America
Captain America is a fictional character, a superhero who appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character first appeared in Captain America Comics #1 (cover-dated March 1941), from Marvel Comics' 1940s predecessor, Timely Comics, and was created by Joe Simon and Jack Kirby. As of 2007, an estimated 210 million copies of "Captain America" comic books had been sold in 75 countries. For nearly all of the character's publication history, Captain America was the alter ego of Steve Rogers, a frail young man who was enhanced to the peak of human perfection by an experimental serum in order to aid the United States war effort. Captain America wears a costume that bears an American flag motif, and is armed with an indestructible shield that can be thrown as a weapon.
An intentionally patriotic creation who was often depicted fighting the Axis powers of World War II, Captain America was Timely Comics' most popular character during the wartime period. After the war ended, the character's popularity waned and he disappeared by the 1950s aside from an ill-fated revival in 1953. Captain America was reintroduced during the Silver Age of comics when he was revived from suspended animation by the superhero team the Avengers in The Avengers #4 (March 1964). Since then, Captain America has often led the team, as well as starring in his own series.
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Carl Ballantine
Carl Ballantine (September 27, 1917 – November 3, 2009), born Meyer Kessler, was an American magician, comedian and actor. Billing himself as "The Great Ballantine", "The Amazing Ballantine" or "Ballantine: The World's Greatest Magician", his vaudeville-style comedy routine involved transparent or incompetent stage magic tricks, which tended to flop and go "hilariously awry" to the wisecracking Ballantine's mock chagrin. He has been credited with creating comedy magic and has influenced both comics and magicians.
Kessler was born in Chicago, Illinois. Nicknamed the "Jipper," he was inspired at age 9 by his barber who would do magic tricks with thimbles while cutting his hair. His first job was working as a printer. In the 1930s, Kessler was doing professional straight magic as "Count Marakoff" and "Carl Sharp" in Chicago, helping support his family, and later moved to New York City, where he performed in night clubs and on television variety shows. In the early 1940s, he gave up "real magic" when he realized he could not be as good as some of his peers. According to his daughter, “one night, one of his tricks got screwed up, he said something to cover, and the audience laughed. So he started adding more.” He switched to comedy magic and changed his name to "Carl Ballantine", after he noticed a bottle of Ballantine whisky in an advertisement and decided it sounded "show-businessy and classy", and called the magic act "Ballantine, the World's Greatest Magician". He was billed as "The Amazing Mr. Ballantine" when he played the New York Capitol in 1950, and "The Great Ballantine" in The Ed Sullivan Show and The Steve Allen Show on television in the 1950s and 1960s. He was the first magician to play Las Vegas, appearing on a bill with Harry James, Betty Grable and Sammy Davis Jr. at El Rancho Vegas in 1956.
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Charles Brickley
Charles Edward Brickley (November 24, 1891 – December 28, 1949) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at the Johns Hopkins University in 1915, at Boston College from 1916 to 1917, and at Fordham University in 1920 with Joseph DuMoe as co-coach, compiling a career college football record of 22–9. Brickley also coached the New York Brickley Giants of the American Professional Football Association—now the National Football League—in 1921, tallying a mark of 0–2.
Brickley attended Harvard University, where he played football from 1911 go 1914 for the Crimson as a fullback and placekicker under head coach Percy Haughton. He was named an All-American in 1913 and 1914. During the 1913 Harvard–Yale game, Brickley kicked all five of Harvard's field goals in the Crimson's 15–5 win over Yale. He set college football records for most field goals made by one player in a single season (13) and most career field goals (34).
Brickley also competed in the triple jump at 1912 Summer Olympics, finishing 9th. At the same Olympics he competed in the baseball event which was held as demonstration sport.
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Dan Topping
Daniel Reid Topping (June 11, 1912 – May 18, 1974) was a part owner and president of the New York Yankees baseball team from 1945 to 1964. Daniel Reid Topping was the son of Rhea Reid and Henry J. Topping. Rhea Reid, the daughter of Daniel G. Reid, known as the "Tinplate King" for his vast wealth in the tin industry, was the mother of three sons, Daniel Reid Topping, Henry J. Topping (1914), and John Reid Topping (1921). Daniel Topping, along with Del Webb and Larry MacPhail, purchased the Yankees for $2.8 million from the estate of the late Jacob Ruppert on January 25, 1945. MacPhail sold his share of the team to Topping and Webb in 1947, and the two sold controlling interest in the team to CBS in 1964, after which Topping remained as team president until 1966, when he sold his remaining stake in the Yankees.
Topping also was co-owner, along with John Simms Kelly, of the National Football League's Brooklyn Dodgers starting in 1931, eventually owning the team outright. By the mid-1940s, Topping wished to move his football team from Ebbets Field into the newer and larger Yankee Stadium. Tim Mara, owner of the New York Giants, who played in the Polo Grounds, held NFL territorial rights, and refused to permit this. Topping moved the team anyway, joining the newly formed All-America Football Conference. Topping's team retained most of its players during the jump and became the football New York Yankees. The team was not one of the AAFC teams admitted to the NFL in 1950, and folded.
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Danny DeVito
Daniel Michael "Danny" DeVito, Jr. (born November 17, 1944) is an American actor, comedian, director and producer. He first gained prominence for his portrayal of short statured dispatcher Louie De Palma on the ABC and NBC television series Taxi (1978–1983), for which he won a Golden Globe and an Emmy.
DeVito and his wife, Rhea Perlman, founded Jersey Films, a production company known for films such as Pulp Fiction, Garden State, and Freedom Writers. DeVito also owns Jersey Television, which produced the Comedy Central series Reno 911!. DeVito and Perlman also starred together in his 1996 film Matilda, based on Roald Dahl's children's novel. He currently stars as Frank Reynolds on the FX sitcom It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia.
DeVito was born in Neptune Township, New Jersey, the son of Julia, a homemaker, and Daniel Michael DeVito, Sr., who owned several small businesses, including a dry cleaning store, a dairy outlet, a luncheonette, and a pool hall. DeVito is of Italian descent (his family is originally from San Fele, Basilicata) and was raised a Roman Catholic, growing up in Asbury Park. He boarded at Oratory Preparatory School, in Summit, New Jersey, graduating in 1962, and subsequently trained at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts, from which he graduated in 1966. In his early theater days, he performed with the Colonnades Theater Lab, Eugene O'Neill Theater Center, and, along with his wife Rhea Perlman, appeared in plays produced by the Westbeth Playwrights Feminist Collective.
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Dazzy Vance
Charles Arthur "Dazzy" Vance (March 4, 1891 – February 16, 1961) was an American professional baseball player. He played as a pitcher in Major League Baseball, most notably for the Brooklyn Robins during the 1920s. Known for his impressive fastball, Vance was the only pitcher to lead the National League in strikeouts seven consecutive seasons. He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1955.
Born in Orient, Iowa, Vance played in minor league baseball for a decade before establishing himself as a major league player. His contract was purchased by the Brooklyn Robins from the New Orleans Pelicans in 1922. Ironically, the Robins wanted to acquire catcher Hank DeBerry, but the Pelicans refused to complete the deal unless Vance was included in the transaction. DeBerry would become Vance's personal catcher during his tenure with Brooklyn. In 1922, he produced an 18–12 won-loss record with a 3.70 earned run average and a league-leading 134 strikeouts. His best individual season came in 1924, when he led the National League in wins (28), strikeouts (262) and ERA (2.16) (see Triple crown) en route to winning the National League Most Valuable Player Award. He set the then-National League record for strikeouts in a nine-inning game when he fanned 15 Chicago Cubs in a game on August 23, 1924. (He struck-out 17 batters in a 10-inning game in 1925.)
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Don Drysdale
Donald Scott "Don" Drysdale (July 23, 1936 – July 3, 1993) was a Major League Baseball player and Hall of Fame right-handed pitcher with the Los Angeles Dodgers. He was one of the dominant starting pitchers of the 1960s, and became a radio and television broadcaster following his playing career. The Disney character Herbie has the number 53 since that was Drysdale's number.
Drysdale was born in Van Nuys, Los Angeles, California and attended Van Nuys High School, where one of his classmates was actor Robert Redford. While there have been assertions that Redford also played on the high school baseball team with Drysdale, and Drysdale covered for Redford by backing these up, classmates recall that Redford never actually played baseball.
Pitching for the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers, he teamed with Sandy Koufax during the late 1950s and early-middle 1960s to form one of the most dominating pitching duos in history. The hurler (nicknamed "Big D" by fans) used brushback pitches and a sidearm fastball to intimidate batters, similar to his fierce fellow Hall of Famer Bob Gibson. His 154 hit batsmen remains a modern National League record.
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Don Mattingly
Donald Arthur "Don" Mattingly (born April 20, 1961) is a former Major League Baseball first baseman and current manager of the Los Angeles Dodgers. Nicknamed "The Hit Man" and "Donnie Baseball", he played his entire 14-year major league baseball career for the New York Yankees (1982–1995).
Mattingly was named to the American League (AL) All-Star team six times. He won nine Gold Glove Awards, three Silver Slugger Awards, and was the 1985 AL Most Valuable Player. Mattingly served as captain of the Yankees from 1991 through 1995, and the Yankees retired his uniform number after his retirement. After his playing career, Mattingly served as a hitting coach for the Yankees and Dodgers prior to taking on his current position as manager of the Dodgers.
A graduate of Memorial High School in Evansville, Indiana in 1979, he led the Tigers to a state record 59 straight victories through the 1978-79 season. In 1978 the Tigers were crowned State Champions and were State Runners-up in 1979. Don was the L.V. Phillips Mental Attitude recipient in 1979. He was All-City, All-SIAC (Southern Indiana Athletic Conference), and All State in both 1978 and 1979. During the four years he played in high school the Tigers compiled a 94-9-1 won – loss record and Don hit .463. He still holds Memorial records for hits (152); doubles (29): triples (25 - also the state record); RBIs (140); and runs scored (99).
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Don Sutton
Donald Howard Sutton (born April 2, 1945) is a former Major League Baseball right-handed pitcher and current radio sportscaster. He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1998.
Sutton was born in Clio, Alabama, a small town in Barbour County, and on the same date as future Dodger teammate Reggie Smith. He was born to sharecroppers at the end of World War II, in a tar-paper shack. At the time Sutton was born his father was 18 and his mother was 15. Sutton's father, Howard, gave him the strong work ethic that he had throughout his career. His father tried logging and construction work, and in looking for work, moved the family to Molino, Florida, just north of Pensacola.
Sutton attended J. M. Tate High School in Cantonment/Gonzalez, Florida where he played baseball, basketball, and football. He led his baseball team to the small-school state finals two years in row, winning his junior year, 1962, and losing 2–1 in his senior year, and was named all-county, all-conference, and all-state for both of those seasons. He graduated in 1963, and was voted "Most Likely to Succeed". He wanted to attend the University of Florida, but then coach Dave Fuller was not interested. Instead he attended Gulf Coast Community College in Panama City, Florida for one year, and then after a good summer league, was signed by the Dodgers.
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Doris Kearns Goodwin
Doris Kearns Goodwin (born Doris Helen Kearns; January 4, 1943) is a Pulitzer Prize-winning American biographer, historian, and an oft-seen political commentator. She is the author of biographies of several U.S. Presidents, including Lyndon Johnson and the American Dream; The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys: An American Saga; No Ordinary Time: Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt (which won the Pulitzer Prize for History in 1995); and her most recent book, Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln.
Doris Kearns was born in Brooklyn, New York, and grew up in Rockville Centre, New York. She attended Colby College in Maine, where she was a member of Tri Delta and Phi Beta Kappa and graduated magna cum laude in 1964 with a Bachelor of Arts degree. She was awarded a Woodrow Wilson Fellowship in 1964 to pursue doctoral studies. In 1968 she earned a Ph.D. in government from Harvard University, with a thesis entitled "Prayer and Reapportionment: an Analysis of the Relationship between the Congress and the Court."[citation needed]
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Duke Snider
Edwin Donald "Duke" Snider (September 19, 1926 – February 27, 2011), nicknamed "The Silver Fox" and "The Duke of Flatbush", was a Major League Baseball center fielder and left-handed batter who played for the Brooklyn and Los Angeles Dodgers (1947–62), New York Mets (1963), and San Francisco Giants (1964).
Snider was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1980. He appears in Roger Kahn's acclaimed memoir, The Boys of Summer.
Born in Los Angeles, Snider was nicknamed "Duke" by his father at age five. Growing up in Southern California, Snider was a gifted all-around athlete, playing basketball, football, and baseball at Compton High School, class of 1944. He was a strong-armed quarterback, who reportedly could throw the football 70 yards. Spotted by one of Branch Rickey's scouts in the early 1940s, he was signed to a baseball contract out of high school in 1943. He played briefly for the Montreal Royals of the International League in 1944 (batting twice) and for Newport News in the Piedmont League in the same year. After serving in the military in 1945, he came back to play for the Fort Worth Cats in 1946 and for St. Paul in 1947. He played well and earned a tryout with the Brooklyn Dodgers later that year. He started the next season (1948) with Montreal, and after hitting well in that league with a .327 batting average, he was called up to Brooklyn for good during the middle of the season.
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Ed Kubale
Edward Kubale (November 22, 1899 - February 4, 1971) was a professional football coach in the National Football League during the 1944 season for the Brooklyn Tigers. During his time with the Tigers he was a co-coach with Frank Bridges and Pete Cawthon.
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Ernest Borgnine
Ernest Borgnine (born Ermes Effron Borgnino; January 24, 1917) is an American actor of television and film. His career has spanned more than six decades. He was an unconventional lead in many films of the 1950s, including his Academy Award-winning turn in the 1955 film Marty. On television, he played Quinton McHale in the 1962–66 series McHale's Navy and co-starred in the mid-1980s action series Airwolf, in addition to a wide variety of other roles. Borgnine is also known for his role as Mermaid Man in the animated television series SpongeBob SquarePants. Borgnine earned an Emmy Award nomination at age 92 for his work on the series ER.
Borgnine was born in Hamden, Connecticut, the son of Anna (née Boselli), who immigrated to the United States from Carpi (Modena, Italy), and Camillo Borgnino, who immigrated to the U.S. from Ottiglio (Province of Alessandria, Italy).
His parents separated when he was two years old, and he and his mother went to live in Italy. By 1923, his parents had reconciled, and the family name was changed from Borgnino to Borgnine. The family had settled in North Haven, Connecticut, where he attended public schools. His mother also had the passion to develop her own style of dance.[citation needed] Anna gave her son a lot of moral support and he stood closely by her at all times.[citation needed]
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Fernando Valenzuela
Fernando Valenzuela Anguamea (Spanish pronunciation: [ferˈnando βalenˈswela]; born November 1, 1960) is a Mexican former left-handed pitcher, most notably with the Los Angeles Dodgers.
In 1981, the 20-year-old Valenzuela took Los Angeles (and Major League Baseball) by storm, winning his first 8 decisions and leading the Dodgers to the World Championship. That year, Valenzuela became the only player in Major League history to win the Rookie of the Year award and the Cy Young Award in the same season, adding the Silver Slugger Award and World Series championship for good measure. With his youthful charm, devastating screwball, "Ruthian physique", and a connection with Los Angeles' large Latino community, Valenzuela touched off an early '80s craze dubbed "Fernandomania".
Valenzuela was a Dodgers mainstay throughout the 1980s, winning 21 games in 1986 and pitching a no-hitter in 1990, though he was injured during the 1988 championship run. However, he faltered because of injuries in the 1990s, pitching ineffectively for several teams. After one last effective season with the San Diego Padres in 1996, he retired from Major League Baseball.
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Frank Bridges
Frank B. Bridges (July 4, 1890 – June 10, 1970) was an American football, basketball, and baseball coach. He served as the head football coach at Baylor University from 1920 to 1925, at Simmons University—now Hardin–Simmons University—from 1927 to 1929, and at St. Mary's University in San Antonio, Texas during the 1930s. Bridges was also the head basketball coach at Baylor from 1920 to 1926, at Simmons from 1927 to 1929, and at St. Mary's from 1935 to 1939, tallying a career college basketball mark of 104–135. In addition, he was Baylor's head baseball coach from 1920 to 1927, amassing a record of 95–73, and the head baseball coach at St. Mary's in 1938. In 1944, Bridges served as the co-head coach of the NFL's Brooklyn Tigers with Pete Cawthon and Ed Kubale.
During his tenure as head football coach at Baylor University, Bridges compiled a 35–18–6 record. His winning percentage of .644 ranks third in school history, behind R. H. Hamilton (.786) and Bob Woodruff (.645). In 1921 and 1922, he led the Bears to consecutive eight-win seasons. Bridges won the school's first two Southwest Conference championships, in 1922 and 1924. Baylor did not win another until 1974. From 1927 to 1929, he coached at Hardin–Simmons University where he posted a 16–13–4 record.
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Frank Kinard
Frank Manning "Bruiser" Kinard Sr. (October 23, 1914 – September 7, 1985) was a professional American football player for the Brooklyn Dodgers/Tigers of the National Football League and the New York Yankees of the All-America Football Conference. He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1971. He played college football at the University of Mississippi and was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1951.
Bruiser is considered to be one of the greatest players in Ole Miss and college football history. He lettered for the Rebels from 1935–37 and served as co-captain of the 1937 Ole Miss squad. While playing tackle, the Rebels compiled a record of 18-13-3 including a 9-3 record in 1936 which featured the school's first appearance in a bowl game in the 1936 Orange Bowl in Miami (a 20-19 loss to Catholic University). He was an All American and All SEC pick in 1936 and 1937. Bruiser was the school's first All American football player.
He played in the 1938 Chicago All-Star game and was voted to the Southern Living South's Greatest Players Team. Kinard was inducted into the Ole Miss Athletic Hall of Fame in 1986. He is a charter member of the Mississippi Sports Hall of Fame, having been inducted in the inaugural class in 1961 along with "Goat" Hale, Dudy Noble, and Stanley Robinson. He is also a member of the Helms Athletic Foundation Hall of Fame.
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Frank Sinatra
Francis Albert "Frank" Sinatra, /sɨˈnɑːtrə/, (December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer and film actor.
Beginning his musical career in the swing era with Harry James and Tommy Dorsey, Sinatra became an unprecedentedly successful solo artist in the early to mid-1940s, after being signed to Columbia Records in 1943. Being the idol of the "bobby soxers", he released his first album, The Voice of Frank Sinatra in 1946. His professional career had stalled by the 1950s, but it was reborn in 1953 after he won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in From Here to Eternity.
He signed with Capitol Records in 1953 and released several critically lauded albums (such as In the Wee Small Hours, Songs for Swingin' Lovers, Come Fly with Me, Only the Lonely and Nice 'n' Easy). Sinatra left Capitol to found his own record label, Reprise Records in 1961 (finding success with albums such as Ring-a-Ding-Ding!, Sinatra at the Sands and Francis Albert Sinatra & Antonio Carlos Jobim), toured internationally, was a founding member of the Rat Pack and fraternized with celebrities and statesmen, including John F. Kennedy. Sinatra turned 50 in 1965, recorded the retrospective September of My Years, starred in the Emmy-winning television special Frank Sinatra: A Man and His Music, and scored hits with "Strangers in the Night" and "My Way".
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Fred Sweetland
Frederick Greenhalge Sweetland (November 1893 – February 4, 1958) was a professional football player. He played in the American Professional Football League (which became the National Football League in 1922) with the Akron Pros and the New York Brickley Giants. Brickley's New York Giants are not related to the modern-day New York Giants.
Prior to joining the NFL, Ray played college football at Fordham University and Washington & Lee University.
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Gene Hackman
Eugene Allen "Gene" Hackman (born January 30, 1930) is a retired American actor and novelist.
Nominated for five Academy Awards, winning two, Hackman has also won three Golden Globes and two BAFTAs in a career that spanned five decades. He first came to fame in 1967 with his performance as Buck Barrow in Bonnie and Clyde. His major subsequent films include The French Connection (1971), in which he played Jimmy "Popeye" Doyle; The Poseidon Adventure (1972); The Conversation (1974); Superman (1978), in which he played arch-villain Lex Luthor; Hoosiers (1986); Mississippi Burning (1987); Unforgiven (1992); The Firm (1993); Crimson Tide (1995); Get Shorty (1995); The Birdcage (1996); Enemy of the State (1998); and The Royal Tenenbaums (2001).
Hackman was born in San Bernardino, California, the son of Lyda (née Gray) and Eugene Ezra Hackman. He has a brother, Richard. His family moved frequently, finally settling in Danville, Illinois, where they lived in the house of his English-born maternal grandmother, Beatrice. Hackman's father operated the printing press for the Commercial-News, a local paper. Hackman's parents divorced in 1943 and his father subsequently left the family.
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George Brickley
George Vincent Brickley (July 19, 1894 – February 23, 1947) was an outfielder for the Philadelphia Athletics in 1913. He was born in Everett, Massachusetts.
Brickley made his debut with the Athletics on September 26, 1913, at the age of eighteen, making him one of the ten youngest players in the league that year. He appeared in a total of five games and played four in right field, making no errors in two chances. As a hitter, in thirteen plate appearances, Brickley collected two hits (a single and a triple), struck out four times, and was hit by a pitch once.
After professional baseball, Brickley went on to Trinity College in Connecticut, where he played football. His status as a former professional athlete did not sit well with opposing schools. Columbia University requested that Trinity keep Brickley out of a game between the two schools, a request that Trinity denied. Columbia cancelled the game as a result.
Brickley later appeared in a total of seven professional football games in 1920 and 1921. Five of those games were for the Cleveland Tigers, and the other two were the only two league games ever played by the New York Brickley Giants (no relation to the current NFL team).
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Harvey Keitel
Harvey Keitel (born May 13, 1939) is an American actor. Some of his most notable starring roles were in Martin Scorsese's Mean Streets and Taxi Driver, Ridley Scott's The Duellists and Thelma & Louise, Ettore Scola's That Night in Varennes, Quentin Tarantino's Reservoir Dogs, Pulp Fiction, and From Dusk Till Dawn, Jane Campion's The Piano, Abel Ferrara's Bad Lieutenant, James Mangold's Cop Land, Nicolas Roeg's Bad Timing, and Theo Angelopoulos's Ulysses' Gaze. He recently played Detective Lieutenant Gene Hunt on the American adaptation of Life on Mars.
Keitel (/kaɪˈtɛl/ ky-TEL) was born in the New York City borough of Brooklyn, the son of Miriam (née Klein) and Harry Keitel, Jewish immigrants from Romania and Poland. His parents owned and ran a luncheonette and his father also worked as a hat maker.
Keitel grew up in the Brighton Beach section of Brooklyn, with his sister, Renee, and brother, Jerry. He attended Abraham Lincoln High School. At the age of sixteen, he decided to join the United States Marine Corps, a decision that took him to Lebanon, during Operation Blue Bat. After his return to the United States, he was a court reporter for several years and was able to support himself before beginning his acting career.
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Horace Stoneham
Horace C. Stoneham (April 27, 1903 — January 7, 1990) was the principal owner of Major League Baseball's New York/San Francisco Giants from the death of his father, Charles Stoneham, in 1936 until 1976. During his ownership, the team won National League pennants in 1936, 1937, 1951, 1954 and 1962, a division title in 1971, and a World Series title in 1954. He was born in Newark, New Jersey.
New York baseball fans and media vilified Stoneham and Brooklyn Dodgers owner Walter O'Malley when they moved their clubs to California after the 1957 season. Stoneham was alarmed by a dramatic post-1954 drop-off in attendance at his team's historic ballpark, the Polo Grounds in Upper Manhattan. Impressed by the success of the Braves after their 1953 shift from Boston to Milwaukee, Stoneham decided to move his Giants to Bloomington, Minnesota, where a stadium had just been constructed with public funds for his AAA farm team, the Minneapolis Millers.
When Stoneham confided his plan to O'Malley, the Dodger chief revealed that he was negotiating to move his club – the Giants' bitter rival – to Los Angeles. He suggested that Stoneham contact San Francisco mayor George Christopher and explore moving his team there to preserve the rivalry. Stoneham then abandoned his Minnesota plan and shifted his attention, permanently, to San Francisco. Eventually, Minnesota succeeded in getting its own major-league team, the first incarnation of the Washington Senators that was rechristened the Twins.
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Humbert Fugazy
Humbert J. Fugazy was a New York boxing promoter around the 1930s. The Fugazy Bowl is named after him in his honour. He was also the owner of the Brooklyn Horsemen of the first American Football League in 1926.
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Jack Depler
John Charles Depler (January 6, 1899 – December 5, 1970) was a professional football player with the Hammond Pros of the National Football League. He later served as a player-coach with the Orange Tornadoes, and became the founder and coach of the Brooklyn Dodgers of the NFL.
Prior to his professional career, Depler played college football at the University of Illinois. There he earned All-American honors in 1918, 1919 and 1920 and was a consensus pick in 1918. He helped lead Illinois to its second national championship in 1919. Depler went on to coach eight years at Columbia University.
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Jackie Robinson
Jack Roosevelt "Jackie" Robinson (January 31, 1919 – October 24, 1972) was an American baseball player who became the first black Major League Baseball (MLB) player of the modern era. Robinson broke the baseball color line when he debuted with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947. As the first black man to play in the major leagues since the 1880s, he was instrumental in bringing an end to racial segregation in professional baseball, which had relegated black players to the Negro leagues for six decades. The example of his character and unquestionable talent challenged the traditional basis of segregation, which then marked many other aspects of American life, and contributed significantly to the Civil Rights Movement.
In addition to his cultural impact, Robinson had an exceptional baseball career. Over ten seasons, he played in six World Series and contributed to the Dodgers' 1955 World Championship. He was selected for six consecutive All-Star Games from 1949 to 1954, was the recipient of the inaugural MLB Rookie of the Year Award in 1947, and won the National League Most Valuable Player Award in 1949—the first black player so honored. Robinson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962. In 1997, Major League Baseball retired his uniform number, 42, across all major league teams.
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James Earl Jones
James Earl Jones (born January 17, 1931) is an American actor. Since his Broadway debut in 1957, Jones has spent more than five decades as "one of America's most distinguished and versatile actors" and has been termed "one of the greatest actors in American history." On November 12, 2011, Jones received an Honorary Academy Award.
He is well known for his distinctive bass voice and for his portrayal of characters of substance, gravitas and leadership.
James Earl Jones was born in Arkabutla, Mississippi, son of Robert Earl Jones (1910–2006), an actor, boxer, butler, and chauffeur who left the family shortly after James Earl's birth, and his wife Ruth (Connolly) Jones, a teacher and maid. Jones and his father reconciled many years later. Jones was raised by his maternal grandparents, farmers John Henry and Maggie Connolly. He is multiracial, with African, Irish, and Native American ancestry.
Jones describes his grandmother, Maggie, as "the most racist person I have ever known", thus forcing him to develop his own independent thinking. His grandmother was of Cherokee, Choctaw, and black ancestry.
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Jim Gilliam
James William Gilliam (October 17, 1928 – October 8, 1978) was an American second and third baseman and coach in Negro League and Major League Baseball who spent his entire major league career with the Brooklyn and Los Angeles Dodgers. He was named the 1953 National League Rookie of the Year, and was a key member of ten NL championship teams from 1953 to 1978. The Dodgers' leadoff hitter for most of the 1950s, he scored over 100 runs in each of his first four seasons and led the NL in triples and walks once each. Upon retirement, he became one of the first African-American coaches in the major leagues.
Born in Nashville, Tennessee, he began playing on a local semi-pro team at age 14 and dropped out of high school in his senior year to pursue his career. He was nicknamed "Junior" during his time playing in the Negro leagues with the Baltimore Elite Giants, where he was voted an All-Star three straight years from 1948 to 1950; veteran George Scales taught him to switch hit.
In 1951 he was signed as an amateur free agent by the Brooklyn Dodgers, who sent him to play for their International League farm team, the Montreal Royals; he couldn't play for the Dodgers' Fort Worth Cats affiliate, as blacks were still barred from the Texas League. He led the IL in runs in both 1951 and 1952.
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Jock Sutherland
Dr. John Bain "Jock" Sutherland, D.D.S., (March 21, 1889 – April 11, 1948) was an American football coach. He coached college football at Lafayette College (1919–1923) and the University of Pittsburgh (1924–1938) and professional football for the Brooklyn Dodgers (1940–1941) and Pittsburgh Steelers (1946–1947). He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1951.
A native of Coupar Angus in Scotland, Sutherland got his start in football by playing end at the University of Pittsburgh, commonly known as Pitt, under legendary coach Glen S. "Pop" Warner. Sutherland was named an All-American and played on Pitt's National Championship teams in 1915 and 1916.
Sutherland also played on Pitt's undefeated 1917 team. The 1917 team was known as "The Fighting Dentists" because on occasion every position was filled by dental students. The dental students on the 1917 team included Sutherland,Katy Easterday,Skip Gougler,"Tank" McLaren and "Jake" Stahl. Sutherland graduated from the University of Pittsburgh's School of Dentistry, where he also held a professorship in the instruction of bridge and crown.
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John McEwan
John James "Cap" McEwan (February 18, 1893 – August 9, 1970) was an American football player and coach. He played from 1913 to 1916 as a center at the United States Military Academy, where he was a three-time All-American and captain of the Army football squad for three seasons. McEwan served as the head football coach at West Point (1923–1925), the University of Oregon (1926–1929), and the College of the Holy Cross (1930–1932), compiling a career college football record of 59–23–6. He also coached at the professional level for the Brooklyn Dodgers of the National Football League. McEwan was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a player in 1962.
From 1923 to 1925 McEwan led Army to an 18–5–3 record. All three of his seasons there were winning seasons. From 1926 to 1929 he took over as the head football coach at Oregon. His record there stands at 20–13–2, with his 1928 campaign having a 9–2 season.
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Ken Burns
Kenneth Lauren "Ken" Burns (born July 29, 1953) is an American director and producer of documentary films, known for his style of using archival footage and photographs. Among his productions are The Civil War (1990), Baseball (1994), Jazz (2001), The War (2007), The National Parks: America's Best Idea (2009) and Prohibition (2011).
Burns' documentaries have been nominated for two Academy Awards, and have won Emmy Awards, among other honors.
Ken Burns was born in 1953 in Brooklyn, New York City, New York, according to his official website, though some sources give Ann Arbor, Michigan, and some, including The New York Times, give both Brooklyn and Ann Arbor. The son of Lyla Smith (née Tupper) Burns, a biotechnician, and Robert Kyle Burns, at the time a graduate student in cultural anthropology at Columbia University, in Manhattan. Ken Burns' brother is the documentary filmmaker Ric Burns.
Burns' academic family moved frequently, and lived in Saint-Véran, France; Newark, Delaware; and Ann Arbor, where his father taught at the University of Michigan. Burns' mother was diagnosed with breast cancer when Burns was 3, and died when he was 11, a circumstance that he said helped shape his career; he credited his father-in-law, a psychologist, with a signal insight: "He told me that my whole work was an attempt to make people long gone come back alive.". Well-read as a child, he absorbed the family encyclopedia, preferring history to fiction. Upon receiving an 8 mm film movie camera for his 17th birthday, he shot a documentary about an Ann Arbor factory. Turning down reduced tuition at the University of Michigan, he attended the new Hampshire College, an alternative school in Amherst, Massachusetts with narrative evaluations rather than letter grades and self-directed academic concentrations instead of traditional majors. He worked in a record store to pay his tuition.
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Kevin Costner
Kevin Michael Costner (born January 18, 1955) is an American actor, singer, musician, producer, director, and businessman. He has won two Academy Awards, and two Golden Globe Awards and has been nominated for three BAFTA (British Academy of Film and Television Arts) Awards. Costner's roles include Lt. John J. Dunbar in the film Dances with Wolves, Jim Garrison in JFK, Ray Kinsella in Field of Dreams, Robin Hood in Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves, Crash Davis in Bull Durham, Robert "Butch" Haynes in A Perfect World, Frank Farmer in The Bodyguard, Lt. Cmdr. Tom Farrell in No Way Out, and Eliot Ness in The Untouchables. Costner also founded the band Modern West, and has performed with the band since 2007.
Born in Lynwood, California, the youngest of three sons (the middle of whom died at birth). His mother, Sharon Rae (née Tedrick), was a welfare worker, and his father, William Costner, was an electrician and later utilities executive at Southern California Edison. Costner's patrilineal ancestry originates with German immigrants to North Carolina in the 1700s; he also has English and Irish ancestry, and has said that one of his ancestors had "married a Cherokee woman". Costner was raised Baptist. He attended Cabrillo Middle School and Villa Park High School. Costner was not academically inclined. Rather, he enjoyed sports, took piano lessons, wrote poetry and sang in the First Baptist Choir. He has stated that a viewing of the film How the West Was Won at the age of seven had "formed" his childhood.
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Larry MacPhail
Leland Stanford "Larry" MacPhail, Sr. (February 3, 1890 – October 1, 1975) was an American lawyer, and an executive and innovator in Major League Baseball. He was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1978.
MacPhail's father founded State Savings Bank of Scottville, Michigan in 1882 as well as twenty other small banks in that state. Larry MacPhail obtained a LL.B. from the George Washington University Law School where he became friends with Branch Rickey. He worked for a time with a Chicago law firm. Prior to World War I Larry MacPhail was an executive of a department store in Nashville, Tennessee and during World War I, he served as an artillery captain in France and Belgium. He accompanied his commander, Colonel Luke Lea, on an unsanctioned mission to Amerongen in the Netherlands in January 1919 to attempt to arrest the exiled German Kaiser, Wilhelm II, and bring him to the Paris Peace Conference to be tried for war crimes. MacPhail would also serve in World War II, resigning on September 23, 1942 as president of the Brooklyn Dodgers to accept a commission in the United States Army. By war's end, MacPhail held the rank of Colonel.
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Leo Durocher
Leo Ernest Durocher (in French Léo Ernest Durocher) (July 27, 1905 – October 7, 1991), nicknamed Leo the Lip, was an American infielder and manager in Major League Baseball. Upon his retirement, he ranked fifth all-time among managers with 2,009 career victories, second only to John McGraw in National League history. Durocher still ranks tenth in career wins by a manager. A controversial and outspoken character, Durocher's career was dogged by clashes with authority, umpires (his 95 career ejections as a manager trailed only McGraw when he retired, and still rank fourth on the all-time list), and the press.
Durocher was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1994.
Born in West Springfield, Massachusetts to a French-Canadian family, Durocher joined the New York Yankees briefly in 1925 before rejoining the club in 1928 as a regular, if unspectacular, player. Babe Ruth nicknamed him "The All-American Out."
Durocher was a favorite of Yankee manager Miller Huggins, who saw in him the seeds of a great manager – the competitiveness, the passion, the ego, the facility for remembering situations. Durocher's outspokenness did not endear him to Yankee ownership, however, and his habit of passing bad checks, to finance his expensive tastes in clothes and nightlife, annoyed Yankee general manager Ed Barrow.
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Man Mountain Dean
Man Mountain Dean (June 30, 1891 – May 29, 1953), born Frank Simmons Leavitt, was a professional wrestler of the early 1900s.
He was born in New York City, the son of John McKenney and Henrietta N. (Decker) Leavitt. From childhood, Frank Leavitt was remarkably large in stature. This trait led to a lifelong interest in competitive sport, and also made it easy for him to lie about his age in order to join the Army at the age of fourteen. While enlisted he saw duty on the Mexican-U.S. border with John J. Pershing, and was later sent to France where he participated in combat during World War I. Also during this period (1914) he began his wrestling career using the ring name of "Soldier Leavitt".
After the war, Leavitt embarked on a career in athletics. Although signed for a brief time (1919–20) with the New York Brickley Giants of the National Football League, he concentrated most of his efforts toward the less lucrative field of professional wrestling. He competed in the ring for a time under the name "Hell's Kitchen Bill-Bill" (a "hillbilly" reference which was suggested to him by the writer Damon Runyon) but eventually settled on the moniker of "Stone Mountain".
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Marvin Kratter
Marvin Kratter (born on November 9, 1915 in Brooklyn, died October 24, 1999 in Encinitas, California) was a New York-based real estate investor who was the head of the Kratter Corporation, National Equities, Countrywide Realty, Knickerbocker Brewery, Rom-American Pharmaceuticals, and the Boston Celtics.
A graduate of Brooklyn College and Brooklyn Law School, Kratter started his career as a Certified Public Accountant in New York City. He moved to Tucson, Arizona in the 1930s and he started a dude ranch, Rancho del Rio Estates, in 1945. Kratter's ranch went bankrupt in 1949 and he moved back to New York City, where he became one of the first to practice real estate syndication.
In 1956, Kratter bought Ebbets Field from Brooklyn Dodgers owner Walter O'Malley. He leased Ebbets Field back to O'Malley until the team left for Los Angeles after the 1957 season. From 1965 to 1968 Kratter was the owner of the Boston Celtics.
In 1977, Kratter released a solo album "What I Did for Love" under the name Mark Matthews.
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Michael Chabon
Michael Chabon ( /ˈʃeɪbɒn/ SHAY-bon; born May 24, 1963) is an American author and "one of the most celebrated writers of his generation," according to The Virginia Quarterly Review.
Chabon's first novel, The Mysteries of Pittsburgh (1988), was published when he was 25 and catapulted him to literary celebrity. He followed it with a second novel, Wonder Boys (1995), and two short-story collections. In 2000, Chabon published The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier & Clay, a critically acclaimed novel that John Leonard, in a 2007 review of a later novel, called Chabon's magnum opus. It received the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 2001 (see: 2001 in literature).
His novel The Yiddish Policemen's Union, an alternate history mystery novel, was published in 2007 to enthusiastic reviews and won the Hugo, Sidewise, Nebula and Ignotus awards; his serialized novel Gentlemen of the Road appeared in book form in the fall of that same year.
His work is characterized by complex language, the frequent use of metaphor along with recurring themes, including nostalgia, divorce, abandonment, fatherhood, and most notably issues of Jewish identity. He often includes gay, bisexual, and Jewish characters in his work. Since the late 1990s, Chabon has written in an increasingly diverse series of styles for varied outlets; he is a notable defender of the merits of genre fiction and plot-driven fiction, and, along with novels, he has published screenplays, children's books, comics, and newspaper serials.
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Mike Getto
Michael J. Getto (September 18, 1905 – August 27, 1960) was a professional football coach in the National Football League for the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1942. That season he coached Brooklyn to a 3–8 record. Prior to his coaching career, Getto played college football while attending the University of Pittsburgh, where he earned All-American honors in 1928. After graduating from Pitt, Getto remained with the school as a football coach for the freshman team. He then worked as an assistant football coach from 1929 to 1939 and again in 1947 to 1950 at the University of Kansas. While at Kansas, Getto inspired his hometown of Jeannette, Pennsylvania to adopt the Jayhawk mascot for their high school athletic teams.
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Nancy Bea
Nancy Bea Hefley (born February 24 in San Pedro, California) is the popular long-time stadium organist for Major League Baseball's Los Angeles Dodgers.
Bea grew up in the Los Angeles area, and began playing the piano at age 4 by listening to her seventeen year old sister, and by the age of seven she was also proficient at playing the accordion. At the age of thirteen, she talked her piano teacher into teaching her the basics of the organ. Nancy has been playing the organ at Bellflower Baptist Church for over 55 years; it was there that she met her husband, Bill. She also plays the organ at the Orange County Fair, the Pomona Fair, and has played shows in Las Vegas and Lake Tahoe.
In the mid-1980s, Bea filled in for a friend as the organist for California Angels games at Angel Stadium, and was offered a job which she declined not wishing to take work from a friend. When it was announced in 1987 that long-time Dodger organist Helen Dell was to retire at the end of the season after fifteen years, Bea auditioned at an exhibition game between the Dodgers and the USC Trojans on February 14, 1988. She does not plan her songs, getting her musical cues from the events occurring on the field during the game and including a variety of popular pop and rock songs alongside older and less commonly played numbers.
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Ned Colletti
Ned Louis Colletti, Jr. is General Manager of the Los Angeles Dodgers. He previously served as Assistant General Manager for the San Francisco Giants.
Colletti graduated from East Leyden High School in Franklin Park, Illinois and Northern Illinois University. He attended Triton College before graduating from NIU and was inducted into the Triton College Sports Hall of Fame in 1993, the same year Major League players Kirby Puckett, Lance Johnson and Jeff Reboulet were enshrined.
In 1982, Colletti began his Major League career with the Chicago Cubs. He worked both in the media relations and baseball operations departments, rising to assume responsibility for key salary arbitration cases and assisting in player acquisitions and salary negotiations. He was a member of the front office when the Cubs won the National League East in 1984 and 1989 and was instrumental in retaining Hall of Famers Ryne Sandberg and Andre Dawson. Colletti was honored with Major League Baseball's Robert O. Fishel Award for Public Relations Excellence in 1990.
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Ox Emerson
Gover Conner “Ox” Emerson (December 18, 1907 – November 26, 1998) was an American football player.
Born and raised in rural East Texas, Emerson played high school football at Orange High School. He later played starting left guard on the Texas Longhorns team of 1929 and 1930 under coach Clyde Littlefield. He garnered all-Southwest Conference honors in 1930. He expected to play for the Longhorns in the 1931 season and was to be the team captain but he had participated in two plays with the varsity in the 1928 Baylor game and was declared ineligible for the 1931 season.
He began his pro career with the Portsmouth Spartans in 1931 for a salary of $75 per game. In 1934 joined the Detroit Lions. With Emerson blocking and leading the way the 1936 Lions team set a rushing record of 2,885 yards in a twelve-game season that lasted 36 years. It was finally broken by the Miami Dolphins in 1972 in a fourteen-game season. Emerson retired in 1937 to become line coach under Potsy Clark for the Brooklyn Dodgers, but then briefly returned as player.
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Pee Wee Reese
Harold Peter Henry "Pee Wee" Reese (July 23, 1918 – August 14, 1999) was an American professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball as a shortstop for the Brooklyn and Los Angeles Dodgers from 1940 to 1958. A ten-time All Star, Reese contributed to seven National League championships for the Dodgers and, was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1984. Reese is also famous for his support of his teammate Jackie Robinson, the first modern African American player in the major leagues, especially in Robinson's difficult first years.
Reese's nickname originated in his childhood, as he was a champion marbles player (a little "pee wee" is a small marble). Reese was born in Ekron, Meade County, Kentucky, and raised there until he was nearly eight years old, when his family moved to racially segregated Louisville. In high school, Reese was so small that he did not play baseball until senior year, at which time he weighed only 120 pounds and played just six games as a second baseman. He graduated from duPont Manual High School in 1937.[citation needed] He worked as a cable splicer for the Louisville phone company, only playing amateur baseball in a church league. When his team reached the league championship, the minor league Louisville Colonels allowed them to play the championship game on their field. Reese impressed Colonels owner Cap Neal who signed him to a contract for a $200 bonus.
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Pete Cawthon
Peter Willis Cawthon (March 24, 1898 – December 31, 1962) was the head coach of the Texas Tech Red Raiders football team from 1930-1941.
Cawthon graduated from Houston Central High School in 1917 and went on to attend Southwestern University in Georgetown, Texas. He lettered in baseball, football, and basketball during his freshman year. When the baseball coach left to fight in World War I, Cawthon took over the position. Cawthon earned four letters his sophomore year and was selected as an All-State halfback.
In 1919, Cawthon took his first regular coaching job at Beaumont High School before becoming the baseball and basketball coach at Rice Institute (now Rice University) in 1920. The following year, he moved on to coach at Austin College in Sherman, Texas, where he established the Cawthon Trophy, given annually to an outstanding individual at the school on the basis of athletic participation, leadership, and sportsmanship.
In 1930, he was hired by Texas Technological College (now Texas Tech University). By 1932, the Matadors (now the Red Raiders) became the highest-scoring team in the nation. He coached at the school through the 1940 season. During his tenure, he compiled a record of 76–32–6. Cawthon was a line coach for the Alabama Crimson Tide during the 1942 season. From 1943-1944, Cawthon coached in the National Football League for the Brooklyn Dodgers-Tigers. He posted a 2-18 record during his time in the NFL. From 1952 to 1953, Cawthon served as athletic director at the University of Alabama.
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Punk Berryman
Robert Norman "Punk" Berryman (December 13, 1893 – May 20, 1988) was a professional American football coach. He played as a halfback at Pennsylvania State University and was elected All-American in his senior year (1914–1915). He went on to coach at Lafayette College, the University of Iowa, then at Dickinson College. In 1922 and 1923 he was an assistant coach at Colgate University. In 1924, he coached the Frankford Yellow Jackets, newly enfranchised to the National Football League, to a record of 11-2-1, good enough for only a third-place finish. In 1926, he coached the Brooklyn Lions to a record of 3-8 in their only season with the NFL.
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Ray Caldwell
Raymond Benjamin Caldwell, (April 26, 1888 – August 17, 1967), was an American major league pitcher from 1910 to 1921. He was known for throwing the spitball, and he was one of the 17 pitchers allowed to continue throwing the pitch after it was outlawed in 1920.
Caldwell was notorious during his playing career for his addiction to alcohol and partying, he possessed a self-destructive streak that many of his contemporaries believed stopped him from reaching his potential. In 1924, Miller Huggins wrote: 'Caldwell was one of the best pitchers that ever lived, but he was one of those characters that keep a manager in a constant worry. If he had possessed a sense of responsibility and balance, Ray Caldwell would have gone down in history as one of the greatest of all pitchers.' Yet, despite his achievements on the field and his antics off it, Caldwell is perhaps best remembered for being struck by lightning whilst playing for the Cleveland Indians against the Philadelphia Athletics in 1919; remarkably, despite being knocked unconscious, he refused to leave the game, having pitched 8.2 innings, and went on to record the final out for the win.
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Red Badgro
Morris Hiram "Red" Badgro (December 1, 1902 – July 13, 1998) was a professional American football end in the National Football League for the New York Yankees, New York Giants, and the Brooklyn Dodgers. He graduated from the University of Southern California.
In 1981, Badgro, at the age of 78, became the oldest person elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame up to that time. The 45-year span between his final game with the National Football League's 1936 Brooklyn Dodgers and his election also was a record.
Badgro was highly regarded as a sure-tackling defender and an effective blocker on offense but he was also a talented wide receiver. In 1934, he tied for the NFL's pass-catching crown with 16 receptions, a significant number in those defense-dominated days when most NFL teams concentrated on grind-it-out football. He also had the distinction of being the first player to score a touchdown in the NFL championship series that began in 1933.
Badgro made many other key catches that were converted into Giants victories, including a 15-yard reception that was a key play in a long drive for the game’s only score in a 3-0 New York divisional title win. Badgro had his big defensive moments as well. Playing against the Boston Redskins in 1935, Red blocked a punt and returned it for a go-ahead touchdown.
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Rick Monday
Robert James "Rick" Monday, Jr. (born November 20, 1945 in Batesville, Arkansas) is a former center fielder in Major League Baseball and is currently a broadcast announcer. From 1966 through 1984, Monday, a center fielder for most of his career, played for the Kansas City/Oakland Athletics (1966–71), Chicago Cubs (1972–76) and Los Angeles Dodgers (1977–84). He batted and threw left-handed.
In a 19-season career, Monday compiled a .264 batting average with 241 home runs and 775 RBI. He was selected an All-Star in 1968 and 1978.
Monday began his baseball career starring at Santa Monica High School earning league honors.
Tommy Lasorda, then a scout for the Los Angeles Dodgers, offered Rick, and Rick's mother Nelda, $20,000 to sign with the Dodgers out of high school in 1963. But Arizona State University coach Bobby Winkles, who was also from Monday's native Arkansas, convinced them that he would look after Monday.
A star for the Sun Devils under head coach Winkles, on a team that included freshman Reggie Jackson, Monday led the Sun Devils to the 1965 College World Series championship (over Ohio State) and earned All-America and College Player of the Year honors. For the 1965 season he hit .359 with 34 extra-base hits.
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Robert Moses
Robert Moses (December 18, 1888 – July 29, 1981) was the "master builder" of mid-20th century New York City, Long Island, Rockland County, and Westchester County, New York. As the shaper of a modern city, he is sometimes compared to Baron Haussmann of Second Empire Paris, and is one of the most polarizing figures in the history of urban planning in the United States. He changed shorelines, built bridges, tunnels and roadways, and transformed neighborhoods forever. His decisions favoring highways over public transit helped create the modern suburbs of Long Island and influenced a generation of engineers, architects, and urban planners who spread his philosophies across the nation.
Never elected to public office, Moses was responsible for the creation and leadership of numerous public authorities which he could control without having to answer to the general public or to elected officials. It is due to Moses that there are a disproportionate number of public benefit corporations in New York state, which are the prime mode of infrastructure building and maintenance in New York, and are currently responsible for 90% of the state's debt. As head of various authorities, he controlled millions in income from his projects' revenue generation, such as tolls, and he had the power to issue bonds to borrow vast sums, allowing him to initiate new ventures with little or no approval from legislative bodies, bypassing the usual power of the purse as it normally functioned in the United States, and the cumbersome process of citizen comment on major public works.
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Roger Kahn
Roger Kahn (born 31 October 1927) is an American author, best known for his writings on baseball and for his widely-acclaimed 1972 memoir, The Boys of Summer.A Sports Illustrated panel has selected The Boys of Summer as the greatest of all baseball books.
Kahn's family first settled in the New York area in 1848, and he was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1927. Kahn attended Froebel Acaemy, a prep school then Erasmus Hall High School in Brooklyn. Kahn has worked as a journalist, author, editor, and teacher. In 2004, he was named as the fourth James H. Ottaway Sr. Visiting Professor of Journalism at SUNY New Paltz.
Kahn describes his background as a mix of Alsatian Catholic Jewish and Russian Jewish Marxist, and himself as a 100 per cent American agnostic. He lives in the Hudson Valley community of Stone Ridge, New York with his wife, Katharine Colt Johnson, a psychotherapist. He has two adult children, Alissa and Gordon. He was inducted into the National Jewish Sports Hall of Fame on April 30, 2006.
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Roy Campanella
Roy Campanella (November 19, 1921 – June 26, 1993), nicknamed "Campy", was an American baseball player, primarily at the position of catcher, in the Negro leagues and Major League Baseball. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Widely considered to have been one of the greatest catchers in the history of the game, Campanella played for the Brooklyn Dodgers during the 1940s and 1950s, as one of the pioneers in breaking the color barrier in Major League Baseball. His career was cut short in 1958 when he was paralyzed in an automobile accident.
Campanella's father John was the son of Sicilian immigrants. His mother Ida was African American. Therefore, he was barred from Major League Baseball before 1947, the season that black players were admitted to the Major Leagues for the first time since the 19th century. Campanella began playing Negro league baseball for the Washington Elite Giants in 1937, after dropping out of school on his sixteenth birthday. The Elite Giants would move to Baltimore the following year, and Campanella would go on to become a star player with the team.
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Sandy Koufax
Sanford "Sandy" Koufax ( /ˈkoʊfæks/; born Sanford Braun, December 30, 1935) is an American former left-handed baseball pitcher who played his entire 12-year Major League Baseball (MLB) career for the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers (1955–1966). Retiring at the peak of his career, in 1972 he became, at age 36 and 20 days, the youngest player ever elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame .
Koufax's career peaked with a run of six outstanding seasons from 1961 to 1966, before arthritis in his left elbow ended his career prematurely at age 30. He was named the National League's Most Valuable Player in 1963. He also won the 1963, 1965, and 1966 Cy Young Awards by unanimous votes, making him the first 3-time Cy Young winner in baseball history and the only one to win 3 times when the award was for all of baseball, not just one league. In each of his Cy Young seasons, Koufax won the pitcher's triple crown by leading the NL in wins, strikeouts, and earned run average. Koufax's totals would also have led the American League in those seasons.
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Shipwreck Kelly
John Simms "Shipwreck" Kelly (July 8, 1910 – August 17, 1986) was a professional American football player who played halfback in the National Football League; he was also an owner and banker, most prominent in New York City in the 1930s and 1940s. He played five seasons for the New York Giants (1932) and the Brooklyn Dodgers (1933–1937). Kelly became a player-coach and later a player/coach/owner with the Dodgers football club, the successor to the Dayton Triangles, a charter member of the NFL. The Dodgers, through a couple of reorganizations, became the Baltimore Colts, now the Indianapolis Colts. He gained his nickname from his ability,while at the University of Kentucky, to make a "shipwreck" of opposing defensive lines[citation needed], or from Alvin "Shipwreck" Kelly, who was famous for pole-sitting in the 1920s.
Kelly was born to a prominent dairy farming family of 400 in central Kentucky. A talented athlete with a charismatic personality, Kelly was an All-American in track and football at the University of Kentucky in 1931 and '32. Drafted by the New York Giants of the NFL, he played one season at running back. The following year he moved to the Brooklyn Dodgers along with All American Army running back and fellow Giants teammate Chris Cagle. He led the league in pass receiving over the next few years.
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Stan Kasten
Stan Kasten (born February 1, 1952 in Lakewood Township, New Jersey) is the former President of the Atlanta Braves and Washington Nationals and the current president, and part-owner, of the Los Angeles Dodgers.
Kasten was a longtime fixture in Atlanta professional sports primarily due to his association with Ted Turner. It started in 1979, when at age 27, he became the youngest General Manager in the National Basketball Association for the Atlanta Hawks. He held this position until 1990. He became the Hawks' President in 1986. During his lengthy tenure in the Hawks front office, Kasten became the first (and so far only) NBA executive to win back-to-back NBA Executive of the Year awards, accomplishing this feat in 1986 & 1987. He was also able to build Atlanta into a perennial playoff contender. Led by the Hall of Fame play of superstar Dominique Wilkins, Kasten's Hawks achieved four straight 50-win seasons ( 1986 to 1989), and set franchise records in attendance. In the 1990s, he guided Atlanta to a stretch of 7 consecutive playoff appearances, including three 50-win seasons during the decade.
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Tommy Lasorda
Thomas Charles Lasorda (born September 22, 1927 in Norristown, Pennsylvania) is a former Major League baseball player and manager. 2009 marked his sixth decade in one capacity or another with the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers organization, the longest non-continuous (he played one season with the Kansas City Athletics) tenure anyone has had with the team, edging Dodger broadcaster Vin Scully by a single season. He was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame as a manager in 1997.
He was played by actor Arthur J. Nascarella in the ESPN mini-series The Bronx is Burning.
Tommy Lasorda signed with the Philadelphia Phillies as an undrafted free agent in 1945 and began his professional career with the Concord Weavers in 1945. He then missed the 1946 & 1947 seasons because of a stint in the United States Army. He served on active duty from October 1945 until spring 1947.
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Vin Scully
Vincent Edward Scully (born November 29, 1927) is an American sportscaster, known primarily as the play-by-play voice of the Brooklyn and Los Angeles Dodgers baseball team on Prime Ticket, KCAL-TV and KABC radio. His 63 seasons with the Dodgers (1950–present) is the longest of any broadcaster with a single club in professional sports history, and he is second by a year to only Tommy Lasorda in terms of length of years with the Dodgers organization in any capacity.
Born in The Bronx, Scully grew up in the Washington Heights section of Manhattan. He made ends meet by delivering beer and mail, pushing garment racks, and cleaning silver in the basement of the Pennsylvania Hotel in New York City. His father was a silk salesman; his mother a Roman Catholic homemaker of Irish descent with red hair like her son. Scully attended high school at Fordham Preparatory School in the Bronx. He knew he wanted to be a sports announcer the moment he became fascinated with football broadcasts on his radio.
Scully began his career as a student broadcaster and journalist at Fordham University. While at Fordham, he helped found its FM radio station WFUV (which now presents a Vin Scully Lifetime Achievement Award each year), was assistant sports editor for Volume 28 of The Fordham Ram his senior year, sang in a barbershop quartet, played center field for the Fordham Rams baseball team, called radio broadcasts for Rams baseball, football, and basketball, got a degree, and sent about 150 letters to stations along the Eastern seaboard. He got only one response, from CBS Radio affiliate WTOP in Washington, which made him a fill-in.
wn.com/Vin_Scully -
Walter Alston
Walter Emmons Alston (December 1, 1911 – October 1, 1984), nicknamed "Smokey," was an American baseball player and manager. He was born in Venice, Ohio but grew up in Darrtown. He is a graduate of Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, where he lettered three years in both basketball and baseball and is a member of the University's Hall of Fame. He maintained his residence in Oxford and died there in 1984 at the age of 72.
Alston was a first baseman with the St. Louis Cardinals in the 1936 season. He played in his only major league game on September 27, as a substitute for future Hall of Famer Johnny Mize, who had earlier been ejected from the game. Alston struck out in his only major league at bat on three pitches – although the second strike was a long fly ball with home run distance that curved foul at the last second. After returning to the minor leagues for several years as a player and then as a manager – including a stint as the player-manager for the first U.S.-based integrated baseball team after 1898, the Nashua Dodgers of the class-B New England League – he was named manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers for the 1954 season.
wn.com/Walter_Alston -
Wilbert Robinson
Wilbert Robinson (June 29, 1863 – August 8, 1934), nicknamed "Uncle Robbie", was an American catcher, coach and manager in Major League Baseball. He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1945.
Born in Bolton, Massachusetts, Robinson was a catcher in the minor New England League in 1885 and made it to the major leagues in 1886 with the Philadelphia Athletics of the American Association, where he remained until 1890. He lasted in the majors until 1902, playing much of his career with two separate Baltimore Orioles franchises – from 1890 to 1899 with the Orioles team which folded after the 1899 National League season, and in 1901-02 with the American League team which moved to New York City in 1903 and became the Yankees. He also spent one season, 1900, with the St. Louis Cardinals.
Over the course of his career, Robinson played 1,316 games as a catcher, which prepared him for his second baseball career as a manager. The star catcher of the Orioles dynasty which won three straight titles from 1894 to 1896, he compiled a career batting average of .273, with a peak of .353 in the heavy-hitting season of 1894. Durable behind the plate, he caught a triple-header in 1896, followed by a double-header the following day. He also was the first catcher to play directly behind the batter at all times, as the previous practice had been to play farther back when there were fewer than two strikes. A highlight of his career was a seven-hit game June 10, 1892, still the major league record (Rennie Stennett tied it in 1975). He also batted in 11 runs in that game; on September 16, 1924, as manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers, he saw that record eclipsed as Jim Bottomley of the St. Louis Cardinals batted in 12 runs. (Robinson, whose team was in contention for the pennant at the time, lamented, "Why did he have to save all those hits for us? Couldn't he have made some of them against [ Giants manager] McGraw?"
wn.com/Wilbert_Robinson -
Willie Keeler
William Henry Keeler (March 3, 1872 – January 1, 1923) in Brooklyn, New York, nicknamed "Wee Willie", was a right fielder in professional baseball who played from 1892 to 1910, primarily for the Baltimore Orioles and Brooklyn Superbas in the National League, and the New York Highlanders in the American League.
Keeler's advice to hitters was "Keep your eye clear, and hit 'em where they ain't"—"they" being the opposing fielders. His .385 career batting average after the 1898 season is the highest average in history at season's end for a player with more than 1,000 hits (1,147 hits). He compiled a .341 batting average over his career, currently 14th all time behind Pete Browning. He hit over .300 16 times in 19 seasons, and hit over .400 once. He twice led his league in batting average and three times in hits. Keeler had an amazing 206 singles during the 1898 season, a record that stood for more than 100 years until broken by Ichiro Suzuki. Additionally, Keeler had an on-base percentage of greater than .400 for seven straight seasons. When Keeler retired in 1910, he was second all-time in hits with 2,932, behind only Cap Anson.
wn.com/Willie_Keeler -
Zack Wheat
Zachariah Davis "Zack" Wheat (May 23, 1888 – March 11, 1972), nicknamed "Buck", was a Major League Baseball left fielder for Brooklyn in the National League. He was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1959.
A consistent hitter throughout his 19-year career, he still holds many Dodger franchise records. His brother McKinley "Mack" Wheat also played in the major leagues, and the two were teammates in Brooklyn for five seasons.
Born in Hamilton, Missouri, the son of Basil and Julia Wheat. His father was of English descent and his mother was full-blooded Cherokee. Wheat began his professional baseball career in 1906 for Enterprise in the Kansas League, followed by Wichita in 1907, Shreveport Pirates of the Texas League in 1908, and finally, to round out his minor league career, he played for the Mobile Seas Gulls of the Southern Association in 1909. It was during that 1909 season that the Brooklyn Superbas of the National League purchased Wheat for $1200, and he made his Major League debut in September. He batted with a corkscrew type of swing, and held his hands down near the end of the bat, unlike most hitters during his time, a time noted as the "Dead Ball Era". Even with his consistent high levels of hitting, he was also noted for his graceful and stylish defense.
wn.com/Zack_Wheat
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The Lost Ball Parks: Ebbets Field
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:57
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
Interviews with fans of the Brooklyn Dodgers sharing their experiences at one of the most intimate ball parks ever, where they played from 1913 to 1957.
http://wn.com/The_Lost_Ball_Parks_Ebbets_Field
Interviews with fans of the Brooklyn Dodgers sharing their experiences at one of the most intimate ball parks ever, where they played from 1913 to 1957.
Saying Goodbye Ebbets Field
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:49
- Updated: 31 Oct 2012
Saying goodbye to one of the greatest stadiums to ever host baseball. Ebbets Field, home of the Brooklyn Dodgers.
http://wn.com/Saying_Goodbye_Ebbets_Field
Saying goodbye to one of the greatest stadiums to ever host baseball. Ebbets Field, home of the Brooklyn Dodgers.
- published: 03 Jul 2008
- views: 43836
- author: Firstmark Lastm
Brooklyn Dodgers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:06
- Updated: 10 Nov 2012
Some clips and snips of the Dodgers and Ebbets
http://wn.com/Brooklyn_Dodgers
Ebbets Field
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:02
- Updated: 13 Dec 2012
Playing in Brooklyn from 1913 - 1957, former Dodgers players and fans recollect one of the most intimate ballparks ever.
http://wn.com/Ebbets_Field
Playing in Brooklyn from 1913 - 1957, former Dodgers players and fans recollect one of the most intimate ballparks ever.
- published: 28 Nov 2010
- views: 4228
- author: prausch65
marilyn ebbets field new york brooklyn 1957
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:12
- Updated: 02 Dec 2012
http://wn.com/marilyn_ebbets_field_new_york_brooklyn_1957
Ebbets Field 3-D Tour Brooklyn Dodgers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:37
- Updated: 29 Nov 2012
Home of the Brooklyn Dodgers from 1913-1957.
http://wn.com/Ebbets_Field_3-D_Tour_Brooklyn_Dodgers
Home of the Brooklyn Dodgers from 1913-1957.
- published: 22 Apr 2009
- views: 15302
- author: ajawofcopan
An Ebbets Field Story
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:56
- Updated: 18 Dec 2011
Recollections of David Eden of how he came to have a season pass to the owner's box in Ebbets Field, home of the Brooklyn Dodgers, 1929.
http://wn.com/An_Ebbets_Field_Story
Recollections of David Eden of how he came to have a season pass to the owner's box in Ebbets Field, home of the Brooklyn Dodgers, 1929.
- published: 04 Feb 2011
- views: 3493
- author: FamilyVideoGirl
Little Ebbets Field
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:07
- Updated: 25 Jul 2012
Little Ebbets Field Video
http://wn.com/Little_Ebbets_Field
Howlin' Wolf - Ebbets Field 1973
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 59:23
- Updated: 24 Dec 2012
Recorded live at Ebbets Field, Denver, Colorado, 23rd August 1973. 01. Talk To My Baby 02. I Can't Stop Loving You (Instrumental) 03. Your Love Is Creeping Away From Me 04. Baby Workout 05. How Blue Can You Get 06. What'd I Say 07. Little Red Rooster 08. Going Down Slow - Killing Floor 09. Shake For Me 10. Instrumental/Goodnights Enjoy!
http://wn.com/Howlin'_Wolf_Ebbets_Field_1973
Recorded live at Ebbets Field, Denver, Colorado, 23rd August 1973. 01. Talk To My Baby 02. I Can't Stop Loving You (Instrumental) 03. Your Love Is Creeping Away From Me 04. Baby Workout 05. How Blue Can You Get 06. What'd I Say 07. Little Red Rooster 08. Going Down Slow - Killing Floor 09. Shake For Me 10. Instrumental/Goodnights Enjoy!
- published: 24 Mar 2012
- views: 5287
- author: Ollie Burton
Ebbets Field Apartments For Rent - Brooklyn, NY
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:13
- Updated: 06 Jun 2012
Brooklyn apartments - Ebbets Field apartments for rent in Brooklyn, NY. Get into the swing of things! Call 866.553.2469 or Visit www.apartments.com for apartment prices, pictures, videos, floorplans, availability. Ebbets Field sits on the famous baseball field of the Brooklyn Dodgers, steps from the Brooklyn Botanical Garden. Built in the 1960's, it features modern construction, spacious rooms, great closet space, gas and lights included. Easy access to B, Q, 2, 3, 4 and 5 trains.
http://wn.com/Ebbets_Field_Apartments_For_Rent_Brooklyn,_NY
Brooklyn apartments - Ebbets Field apartments for rent in Brooklyn, NY. Get into the swing of things! Call 866.553.2469 or Visit www.apartments.com for apartment prices, pictures, videos, floorplans, availability. Ebbets Field sits on the famous baseball field of the Brooklyn Dodgers, steps from the Brooklyn Botanical Garden. Built in the 1960's, it features modern construction, spacious rooms, great closet space, gas and lights included. Easy access to B, Q, 2, 3, 4 and 5 trains.
- published: 01 Jun 2009
- views: 7436
- author: ApartmentHomeLiving8
Ebbets Field Model
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:43
- Updated: 24 Nov 2012
Scale model of Ebbets Field, 1955 Game 3 of the World Series versus the New York Yankees. pm me if you're interested in a table of your own!
http://wn.com/Ebbets_Field_Model
Scale model of Ebbets Field, 1955 Game 3 of the World Series versus the New York Yankees. pm me if you're interested in a table of your own!
- published: 05 Feb 2011
- views: 9454
- author: redzfreak
Last Out at Ebbetts Field
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:41
- Updated: 02 Oct 2012
On September 24, 1957, before a crowd of only 6702 fans, the last game is played at Ebbets Field. The last batter, Bob Skinner, grounds out, Don Zimmer to Gil Hodges, to give the 5 hit, 2-0 victory to Danny McDevitt, a member of the 1952 Greenwood Dodgers of the Cotton States League. www.baseball.aboutgreenwoodms.com
http://wn.com/Last_Out_at_Ebbetts_Field
On September 24, 1957, before a crowd of only 6702 fans, the last game is played at Ebbets Field. The last batter, Bob Skinner, grounds out, Don Zimmer to Gil Hodges, to give the 5 hit, 2-0 victory to Danny McDevitt, a member of the 1952 Greenwood Dodgers of the Cotton States League. www.baseball.aboutgreenwoodms.com
- published: 09 Sep 2008
- views: 29799
- author: fredb2220022
1957 Brooklyn Dodgers vs Cubs at Ebbets Field - full radio broadcast
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 181:35
- Updated: 24 Dec 2012
Original full radio broadcast from the Dodgers radio network, originally preserved by WOKO, Albany, NY. Tuesday night, June 4, 1957, the Dodgers return from a 9 game PA trip to come home to face the Cubs, with a young Sandy Koufax taking the mound. After the intro by Jerry Doggett, an also young Vin Scully (starts at 6:43) calls the first 3 innings, with some middle-innings work later; Doggett does the last 6 innings, along with some between-innings work also. Al Helfert also contributes between innings, and does the quick post-game at the end. Dodgers prevailed, 7-5, as Sandy got the win and Clem Labine got the save. Campanella hits a 2-run double off the scoreboard in the first, and also there were 4 home runs: Snider in the 3rd, Hodges in the 5th, Speake of the Cubs in the 6th and Ernie Banks in the 8th. Also, Joe Pignatano makes his major league debut (discussion starting at 1:07:14) after Campy is hit by a pitch in the 3rd inning. The sounds of the fans, vendors and Ebbets announcer Tex Rickards (first heard at 4:10) are heard throughout the game. A classic time capsule of the Dodgers' last season in Brooklyn, enjoy! Line score: CHC 0 0 0 - 0 0 2 - 0 3 0 - 5 6 1 BRO 3 0 3 - 0 1 0 - 0 0 x - 7 7 0 Retrosheet Box Score and Play-by-Play: www.retrosheet.org Also be sure to check out my 1934 Yankees vs Tigers radio broadcast here on YouTube! www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/1957_Brooklyn_Dodgers_vs_Cubs_at_Ebbets_Field_full_radio_broadcast
Original full radio broadcast from the Dodgers radio network, originally preserved by WOKO, Albany, NY. Tuesday night, June 4, 1957, the Dodgers return from a 9 game PA trip to come home to face the Cubs, with a young Sandy Koufax taking the mound. After the intro by Jerry Doggett, an also young Vin Scully (starts at 6:43) calls the first 3 innings, with some middle-innings work later; Doggett does the last 6 innings, along with some between-innings work also. Al Helfert also contributes between innings, and does the quick post-game at the end. Dodgers prevailed, 7-5, as Sandy got the win and Clem Labine got the save. Campanella hits a 2-run double off the scoreboard in the first, and also there were 4 home runs: Snider in the 3rd, Hodges in the 5th, Speake of the Cubs in the 6th and Ernie Banks in the 8th. Also, Joe Pignatano makes his major league debut (discussion starting at 1:07:14) after Campy is hit by a pitch in the 3rd inning. The sounds of the fans, vendors and Ebbets announcer Tex Rickards (first heard at 4:10) are heard throughout the game. A classic time capsule of the Dodgers' last season in Brooklyn, enjoy! Line score: CHC 0 0 0 - 0 0 2 - 0 3 0 - 5 6 1 BRO 3 0 3 - 0 1 0 - 0 0 x - 7 7 0 Retrosheet Box Score and Play-by-Play: www.retrosheet.org Also be sure to check out my 1934 Yankees vs Tigers radio broadcast here on YouTube! www.youtube.com
- published: 23 Oct 2012
- views: 648
- author: alpineinc1
Creepy Uncle Paul's memory of Ebbets Field on Opie and Anthony
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:37
- Updated: 16 Dec 2012
Jim Norton's character Uncle Paul shared his memory during a baseball game at Ebbets field. Opie and Anthony on Sirius-XM Satellite Radio.
http://wn.com/Creepy_Uncle_Paul's_memory_of_Ebbets_Field_on_Opie_and_Anthony
Jim Norton's character Uncle Paul shared his memory during a baseball game at Ebbets field. Opie and Anthony on Sirius-XM Satellite Radio.
- published: 22 Oct 2010
- views: 15846
- author: hoohoohoorobin
Little Feat ~ Ebbets Field Full Concert 1973-7-19 Late Show
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 62:35
- Updated: 23 Dec 2012
Little Feat ~ Ebbets Field Denver Colorado 1973-7-19 Late Show Full Concert Tuning/Intro A Apolitical Blues Two Trains Got No Shadow The Fan Texas Rose Cafe Snakes On Everything Cat Fever Walkin' All Night Sailin' Shoes Dixie Chicken Tripe Face Boogie **Hear Early Show: youtu.be
http://wn.com/Little_Feat_~_Ebbets_Field_Full_Concert_1973-7-19_Late_Show
Little Feat ~ Ebbets Field Denver Colorado 1973-7-19 Late Show Full Concert Tuning/Intro A Apolitical Blues Two Trains Got No Shadow The Fan Texas Rose Cafe Snakes On Everything Cat Fever Walkin' All Night Sailin' Shoes Dixie Chicken Tripe Face Boogie **Hear Early Show: youtu.be
- published: 23 Jul 2012
- views: 2946
- author: MicMacGrass1
Ebbets Field #1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:53
- Updated: 28 Feb 2012
Here's Ebbet's Field from my daughter's Quince (15th Birthday party). Singing to my daughter, "If I only had a brain", "Love Me", and "If". This was just a few days before they competed in Indy for the Collegiate Barbershop Quartet Championship, finishing 3rd place.(I apologize for the background noise)
http://wn.com/Ebbets_Field_1
Here's Ebbet's Field from my daughter's Quince (15th Birthday party). Singing to my daughter, "If I only had a brain", "Love Me", and "If". This was just a few days before they competed in Indy for the Collegiate Barbershop Quartet Championship, finishing 3rd place.(I apologize for the background noise)
- published: 10 Oct 2006
- views: 2818
- author: desjr7359
Little Feat ~ Ebbets Field Full Concert 1973-07-19 Early Show
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 54:44
- Updated: 26 Dec 2012
Little Feat ~ Ebbets Field Denver Colorado 1973-07-19 Early Show Full Concert Hamburger Midnight Got No Shadow On Your Way Down Walkin' all Night Two Trains Willin' Cold, Cold, Cold Dixie Chicken Tripe Face Boogie Fat Man In The Bathtub **Hear Late Show: youtu.be
http://wn.com/Little_Feat_~_Ebbets_Field_Full_Concert_1973-07-19_Early_Show
Little Feat ~ Ebbets Field Denver Colorado 1973-07-19 Early Show Full Concert Hamburger Midnight Got No Shadow On Your Way Down Walkin' all Night Two Trains Willin' Cold, Cold, Cold Dixie Chicken Tripe Face Boogie Fat Man In The Bathtub **Hear Late Show: youtu.be
- published: 23 Jul 2012
- views: 1728
- author: MicMacGrass1
Ebbets Field Middle School Girls Basketball - 1.mpg
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 36:38
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
Ebbets Field Middle School - Girls Basketball Game. Taped for Crown Heights Youth Collective.
http://wn.com/Ebbets_Field_Middle_School_Girls_Basketball_1mpg
Ebbets Field Middle School - Girls Basketball Game. Taped for Crown Heights Youth Collective.
- published: 18 Jul 2011
- views: 2566
- author: Afcham
Former location of Ebbets Field
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:46
- Updated: 05 Sep 2012
Ebbets Field, which opened on April 9, 1913, was the home of the Brooklyn Dodgers from 1913 until they moved to Los Angeles after the 1957 season. The ballpark, located on the block bound by Bedford Avenue, Sullivan Place, McKeever Place, and Montgomery Street, was demolished on February 23, 1960. Apartments were built upon the former Ebbets Field site, and were named the Ebbets Field Apartments upon their opening in 1962. Music is "Ebbets Field" by Tom Dean (all rights reserved to him and whatnot).
http://wn.com/Former_location_of_Ebbets_Field
Ebbets Field, which opened on April 9, 1913, was the home of the Brooklyn Dodgers from 1913 until they moved to Los Angeles after the 1957 season. The ballpark, located on the block bound by Bedford Avenue, Sullivan Place, McKeever Place, and Montgomery Street, was demolished on February 23, 1960. Apartments were built upon the former Ebbets Field site, and were named the Ebbets Field Apartments upon their opening in 1962. Music is "Ebbets Field" by Tom Dean (all rights reserved to him and whatnot).
- published: 07 May 2011
- views: 3045
- author: Ieateggseverymorning
Ebbets Field, Walter O'Malley, Preacher Roe and Me
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:15
- Updated: 06 Jun 2012
Clare Gnecco's story about her attendance at her first baseball game (age 7), seeing the Brooklyn Dodgers play in Ebbets Field, watching it from Mrs. Walter O'Malley's box seats. A loving story about Mrs. O'Malley, the Dodgers, Ebbets Field, and pitcher Preacher Roe.
http://wn.com/Ebbets_Field,_Walter_O'Malley,_Preacher_Roe_and_Me
Clare Gnecco's story about her attendance at her first baseball game (age 7), seeing the Brooklyn Dodgers play in Ebbets Field, watching it from Mrs. Walter O'Malley's box seats. A loving story about Mrs. O'Malley, the Dodgers, Ebbets Field, and pitcher Preacher Roe.
- published: 07 Feb 2012
- views: 140
- author: FamilyVideoGirl
Ernie Kovacs - Baseball Game at "Ebbets Field" (Shibe Park) aired 1956
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:11
- Updated: 15 Nov 2011
[From "Kovacs Corner" on YouTube.com] - From a kinescope of Kovacs' NBC morning show circa 1956, Ernie mocks the concept of fighting nepotism while organizing the NBC company baseball team. Strangely, all the players, the umpire, and everyone in the bleachers including the hot dog vendor bear a familar resemblence!
http://wn.com/Ernie_Kovacs_Baseball_Game_at_Ebbets_Field_Shibe_Park_aired_1956
[From "Kovacs Corner" on YouTube.com] - From a kinescope of Kovacs' NBC morning show circa 1956, Ernie mocks the concept of fighting nepotism while organizing the NBC company baseball team. Strangely, all the players, the umpire, and everyone in the bleachers including the hot dog vendor bear a familar resemblence!
- published: 22 Feb 2011
- views: 1146
- author: rolko52
Ebbets Field Quartet
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:01
- Updated: 05 Mar 2012
Ebbets field at the 2006 International Collegiate Barbershop Quartet Contest in Indianapolis.
http://wn.com/Ebbets_Field_Quartet
Ebbets field at the 2006 International Collegiate Barbershop Quartet Contest in Indianapolis.
- published: 11 Mar 2010
- views: 783
- author: ondemandbass
photo: Creative Commons / Axou
24 Dec 2012
Steve Jobs was controversial in life, and now his high-tech mega-yacht is associated with a controversy long after his death. The former Apple CEO's ship was impounded in Amsterdam in the middle of a financial battle over a disputed bill. Phillippe Starck, a French product designer and architect, has alleged that Jobs' heirs owe him 3 million euros for his work on Venus, the 256-foot yacht Jobs commissioned before his death ... ... ....(size: 2.6Kb)
photo: Creative Commons / Giorgione
24 Dec 2012
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. A deadly silence immediately followed after a bullet penetrated the calf's skull. Against my wishes, Vic had decided against either amputating its leg or contacting a veterinarian-something he reasoned would have been too expensive. The unfortunate calf had slid down into a ravine where its hind leg, which was mangled and torn, became wrapped in barbed wire ... But it was more than a bellow ... 9....(size: 6.3Kb)
photo: AP / Musadeq Sadeq
24 Dec 2012
KABUL, Afghanistan (AP) — An Afghan policewoman shot and killed an American adviser outside the police headquarters in Kabul on Monday, the latest in a rising tide of insider attacks by Afghans against their foreign allies, senior Afghan officials said. The woman, identified as Afghan police Sgt ... The woman was taken into Afghan custody shortly after the attack ... As many Afghans, the policewoman uses only one name ... Air Force Lt. Col ... Gen ... ....(size: 4.6Kb)
photo: AP / Hasan Jamali
26 Dec 2012
The six Gulf states have sharpened their tone against their neighbour Iran, demanding an immediate halt to its "interference" in their internal affairs while urging action to halt mass killings and violations of international law in Syria ... Sheikh Khalid Bin Ahmed Al-Khalifa, Bahrain's foreign minister, said ... 419 Source.. Agencies. Share. Send Feedback ... Indonesia's killing fields ... News ... Indonesia's killing fields ... Indonesia's killing fields ... ....(size: 18.7Kb)
The Source
26 Dec 2012
The collection includes camouflage patterns and some brand ......(size: 0.3Kb)
The New York Times
13 Dec 2012
Enlarge This Image. Associated Press ... If an all-Jewish team of New York ballplayers walked through the corn stalks at the Field of Dreams, or the reeds at the Red Sea, it would include backup catchers, hard-luck relievers and schlemiels who came up for a cup of coffee when Calvin Coolidge was president ... Cal Abrams roamed the outfield at Ebbets Field in the 1940s ... Morrie Arnovich played left field, and Sid Gordon was in center field ... Box7....(size: 11.6Kb)
New York Magazine
12 Dec 2012
We are always a little skeptical of attempts to link the Brooklyn Dodgers and the Brooklyn Nets — it's just more packaged, sold nostalgia — but the flagpole is still sort of neat (we saw it on our run this morning, and it's difficult not to get a cathartic "that was at Ebbets Field!" kick passing by it) and, all told, it's closer to where Ebbets Field was now than it was before Ratner removed it....(size: 2.9Kb)
noodls
12 Dec 2012
BROOKLYN-In celebration of the triumphant return of major professional sports to Brooklyn, Barclays Center and the Brooklyn Nets held a ceremony today to commemorate the new home of an Ebbets Field flagpole that stands outside of Barclays Center ... After the Dodgers' former home, Ebbets Field, was demolished in 1960, the flagpole was later donated to a VFW post on Utica Avenue in the Brooklyn neighborhood of East Flatbush....(size: 3.9Kb)
noodls
12 Dec 2012
Ratner, Nets swingman Jerry Stackhouse and Sharon Robinson, daughter of Dodgers great Jackie, in commemorating the new home of an Ebbets Field flagpole. The flagpole extends skyward from the corner of Atlantic and Flatbush Avenues, in front of the main entrance to Barclays Center, the borough's first major professional sports venue since Ebbets Field was demolished in 1960....(size: 3.4Kb)
Kansas City Star
12 Dec 2012
26 ... At a ceremony Tuesday afternoon, a flagpole from Ebbets Field was dedicated outside Barclays Center ... 42 ... "I think that's a beautiful connection to Ebbets Field," Robinson said. "To imagine this flying over Ebbets Field and that the Brooklyn Dodgers being so much part of that history, to have this plaque will remind them that the Brooklyn Dodgers were here and made such a difference in the community and now we have the Brooklyn Nets."...(size: 4.4Kb)
New York Daily News
12 Dec 2012
Sharon Robinson always expected Brooklyn to re-emerge in professional sports ... “I think my father would be very proud ... It seized an opportunity Tuesday, dedicating a flagpole from Ebbets Field in the Daily News Plaza just outside the $1 billion arena. The pole, on which the American flag and a Nets team flag hang, was bought by then-Nets owner and Barclays Center developer Bruce Ratner in 2007, 47 years after Ebbets Field was demolished....(size: 2.2Kb)
TSN Canada
12 Dec 2012
At a ceremony Tuesday afternoon, a flagpole from Ebbets Field was dedicated outside Barclays Center ... "I think that's a beautiful connection to Ebbets Field," Robinson said. "To imagine this flying over Ebbets Field and that the Brooklyn Dodgers being so much part of that history, to have this plaque will remind them that the Brooklyn ......(size: 4.5Kb)
Syracuse
12 Dec 2012
At a ceremony Tuesday afternoon, a flagpole from Ebbets Field was dedicated outside Barclays Center ... “I think that’s a beautiful connection to Ebbets Field,” Robinson said. “To imagine this flying over Ebbets Field and that the Brooklyn Dodgers being so much part of that history, to have this plaque will remind them that the ......(size: 6.6Kb)
The New York Times
12 Dec 2012
At a ceremony Tuesday afternoon, a flagpole from Ebbets Field was dedicated outside Barclays Center ... "I think that's a beautiful connection to Ebbets Field," Robinson said. "To imagine this flying over Ebbets Field and that the Brooklyn Dodgers being so much part of that history, to have this plaque will remind them that the Brooklyn ......(size: 9.5Kb)
Huffington Post
12 Dec 2012
26 ... At a ceremony Tuesday afternoon, a flagpole from Ebbets Field was dedicated outside Barclays Center ... 42 ... "I think that's a beautiful connection to Ebbets Field," Robinson said. "To imagine this flying over Ebbets Field and that the Brooklyn Dodgers being so much part of that history, to have this plaque will remind them that the Brooklyn Dodgers were here and made such a difference in the community and now we have the Brooklyn Nets."...(size: 16.1Kb)
Newsday
12 Dec 2012
Videos. Nets videos. Galleries. Web links. Brook Lopez's return is still on ice. The didn't think their starting center was quite ready to give it a go a day after practicing for the first time since getting injured Nov. 28 in Boston ... "It's not a setback," general manager said ... So we don't want to rush him ... Nets-cetera. The Nets permanently placed the old Ebbets Field flagpole at the corners of Atlantic and Flatbush avenues prior to the game ... ....(size: 9.6Kb)
The New York Times
12 Dec 2012
History and sentimentality collided outside Barclays Center on Tuesday, but for Jerry Stackhouse, the moment was about more than a relocated flagpole or any imagined link between today’s Brooklyn Nets and yesterday’s Brooklyn Dodgers. Enlarge This Image ... 42 this season. Multimedia ... N.B.A ... The Nets created that link by installing the Ebbets Field flagpole outside their new arena, at the corner of Flatbush and Atlantic Avenues ... ....(size: 8.8Kb)
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This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2009) |
| Ebbets Field | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Location | 55 Sullivan Place Brooklyn, New York 11225 |
| Coordinates | 40°39′54″N 73°57′29″W / 40.665°N 73.95806°W / 40.665; -73.95806Coordinates: 40°39′54″N 73°57′29″W / 40.665°N 73.95806°W / 40.665; -73.95806 |
| Broke ground | March 14, 1912 |
| Opened | April 9, 1913 |
| Closed | September 24, 1957 |
| Demolished | February 23, 1960 |
| Owner | Brooklyn Dodgers |
| Operator | Brooklyn Dodgers |
| Surface | Grass |
| Construction cost | $750,000 ($17.6 million in 2012 dollars[1]) |
| Architect | Clarence Randall Van Buskirk |
| General Contractor | Castle Brothers, Inc.[2] |
| Capacity | 18,000 (1913)[3] 30,000 (1914-1923)[3] 26,000 (1924-1925)[3] 28,000 (1926-1931)[3] 32,000 (1932-1936)[3] 35,000 (1937-1945)[3] 34,219 (1946-1951)[3] 31,902 (1952-1957)[3] |
| Field dimensions | Left field: 348 ft. left-center: 351 ft Center field: 384 ft. Right-center: 344 ft. Right field: 297 ft. |
| Tenants | |
| Brooklyn Dodgers (MLB) (1913–1957) New York Brickley Giants (NFL) (1921) Brooklyn Lions (NFL) (1926) Brooklyn Dodgers / Tigers (NFL) (1930–1944) Brooklyn Tigers (AFL) (1936) Brooklyn Dodgers (AAFC) (1946–1948) |
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Ebbets Field was a Major League Baseball park located in the Flatbush section of Brooklyn, New York, USA, on a city block which is now considered to be part of the Crown Heights neighborhood. It was the home of the Brooklyn Dodgers of the National League. It was also a venue for professional football. The first National Football League team in New York City, the New York Brickley Giants used the stadium in 1921, as did the NFL's Brooklyn Lions in 1926. Two different incarnations of a Brooklyn Dodgers football team also used Ebbets Field as their home stadium, as did the Brooklyn Tigers of the second AFL before they moved to Rochester in November 1936. The field was demolished in 1960 and replaced with apartment buildings.
Contents |
History[link]
Ebbets Field was on the block bound by Bedford Avenue, Sullivan Place, McKeever Place, and Montgomery Street. After locating the prospective new site to build a permanent stadium to replace the old, wooden Washington Park, club owner Charlie Ebbets acquired the property over several years, starting in 1908, by buying parcels of land until he owned the entire block. This land included the site of a garbage dump called Pigtown, because of the pigs that once ate their fill there and the stench that filled the air. In 1912, construction began, and a year later, Pigtown had been transformed into Ebbets Field, where some of the game's greatest drama would take place.[4]
File:Ebbetsdaughter.jpg
Charles Ebbets' daughter throws out the first pitch, at an exhibition game on April 5, 1913.
Following an inter-league exhibition game against the New York Yankees on April 5, 1913, the park formally opened on April 9 against the Philadelphia Phillies.[5] When the park was opened, it was discovered that the flag, keys to the bleachers, and a press box had all been forgotten. The press box was not added until 1929.[6] Initially the seating area was a double deck from past third base, around home plate, and all the way down the right side. There was an open, concrete bleacher extending the rest of the way down the left side to the outer wall. There was no seating in left or center. The right field wall was fairly high due to the short foul line (around 300 feet) but had no screen or scoreboard at first. The ballpark was built on a sloping piece of ground. The right field wall made up the difference, as the right field corner was above street level. The left field corner was below street level, and there was an incline or "terrace" running along the left field wall.
As was the case of Boston's Fenway Park and Detroit's Tiger Stadium (two ballparks that opened one year earlier, in 1912), the intimate configuration prompted some baseball writers to refer to Ebbets Field as a "cigar box" or a "bandbox."
Ebbets Field was the scene of some early successes, as the "Robins" (so-called for long-time manager Wilbert Robinson) won league championships in 1916 and 1920. The Ebbets seating area was expanded in the 1920s, a "boom" time for baseball when many ballparks were expanded. The double deck was extended from third base around the left field corner, across left field, and into center field, covering the terrace and allowing right-hand hitters to garner many more home runs. By the 1940s, the big scoreboard had been installed, as well as a screen atop the high wall, which made right field home runs a little harder to come by. However, additional rows of seating across left field reduced that area by about 15 feet, to the delight of the sluggers.
After the early successes, though, the team slid into some hard times, which would continue for a couple of decades, until new ownership brought in first promotional wizard Larry MacPhail (in 1938), then, after MacPhail's wartime resignation, player development genius Branch Rickey (in 1943). In addition to his well-known breaking of the color line by signing Jackie Robinson, Rickey's savvy with farm systems (as with his prior work for the St. Louis Cardinals) produced results that made the Brooklyn Dodgers "Bums" a perennial contender, which they would continue to be for decades to come.
The Dodgers won pennants in 1941 (under MacPhail), 1947, 1949, 1952, 1953, 1955 and 1956. They won the 1955 World Series (the only world title in Brooklyn Dodgers history), and were within two games and a playoff heartbreak of winning five NL pennants in a row (1949–53) and matching the cross-town Yankees' achievement during that stretch. Ebbets also hosted the 1949 Major League Baseball All-Star Game.
Demise[link]
But the Dodgers were soon victims of their own success, because only a limited number of eager fans could cram into minuscule Ebbets Field, and it had almost no automobile parking for Dodger fans who had moved east to suburban Long Island, though it was near a subway station. Club owner Walter O'Malley announced plans for a privately-owned domed stadium for his Dodgers at the Atlantic Yards in Brooklyn, where a large market was being torn down, but New York City Building Commissioner Robert Moses wanted the city to build a stadium located in Flushing Meadows in the borough of Queens (the future site of Shea Stadium and Citi Field). O'Malley refused to consider Moses' position, and Moses refused O'Malley's. As a result, O'Malley began to flirt publicly with Los Angeles, using a relocation threat as political leverage to win favor with his desired Brooklyn stadium. Ultimately, O'Malley and Moses could never come to agreement on a new location for the Dodgers, and the club moved west to Los Angeles. During the last two years in Brooklyn, the Dodgers played several games each year in Jersey City, New Jersey's Roosevelt Stadium, as part of O'Malley's additional tactics to force a new stadium to be built.
In 1956, real estate developer Marvin Kratter bought Ebbets Field from O'Malley. He leased Ebbets Field back to O'Malley until the team left for Los Angeles after the 1957 season.
The Dodgers moved to Los Angeles, California, after the 1957 season, while their long-time crosstown rivals the New York Giants moved to San Francisco, based upon O'Malley's urging to Giants owner Horace Stoneham. That meant lights out for Ebbets Field, which was demolished, beginning on February 23, 1960. O'Malley's removal of the franchise from its historic home has been referred to by a federal judge as "one of the most notorious abandonments in the history of sports." [7]
Subsequent use of the former Ebbets Field site[link]
Apartments were built upon the former Ebbets Field site, and were named the Ebbets Field Apartments upon their opening in 1962[8] and were later renamed the Jackie Robinson Apartments in 1972, the same year Robinson died. MS 320, a school across McKeever Place, has been renamed Jackie Robinson Intermediate School.
Legacy[link]
Ebbets Field was but one of several historic major league ballparks demolished in the 1960s, but more mythology and nostalgia surrounds the stadium and its demise than possibly any other defunct ballpark.
A great deal of history happened at Ebbets Field during its relatively short 45-year lifespan with the Dodgers. Of the many teams that uprooted in the 1950s and 1960s, the Dodgers have probably had the largest number of public laments over their fans' heartbreak over losing their team. A couple of decades later, Roger Kahn's acclaimed book The Boys of Summer and Frank Sinatra's song "There Used to Be a Ballpark" mourned the loss of places like Ebbets Field, and of the attendant youthful innocence of fans and players alike. The story of Ebbets Field and the Brooklyn Dodgers' move to Los Angeles were also chronicled by historian Doris Kearns Goodwin, figured into the plot of the film Field of Dreams, and were featured in an entire episode of Ken Burns' public-television documentary Baseball, as well as a 2007 HBO documentary called Brooklyn Dodgers: Ghosts of Flatbush.
As of 2010, the Dodgers have played in Dodger Stadium for more years (49 through the 2010 season) than they played in Ebbets Field (45). Shea Stadium's duration (1964–2008) was the same as that of Ebbets Field.
Ebbets Field has managed to transcend the realm of mere fact to become a kind of icon for what many see as the golden era of the national pastime, and its destruction symbolic of the "lost innocence" of a bygone era. Its influence can be seen in the current ballpark of the New York Mets, Citi Field, which features replicas of Ebbets' exterior façade and entry rotunda, which is named in honor of Jackie Robinson.
Other sports at Ebbets Field[link]
Though known as a cathedral for baseball, other sports were played at Ebbets Field as well. In addition to the professional football teams that played at the stadium, it was also home to Manhattan College's football team from 1932-1937.
The stadium also hosted a number of soccer games. On April 11, 1926, Ebbets Field hosted the US National Challenge Cup soccer tournament (now known as the Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup). Bethlehem Steel F.C. from Pennsylvania of the American Soccer League won its sixth and final National Challenge Cup title, scoring a convincing 7-2 victory over Ben Miller F.C. of St. Louis in the final before more than 18, 000 fans. On June 7, 1931, over 10,000 fans came out to Ebbets Field to watch Celtic of Scotland crush local side Brooklyn Wanderers 5 - 0. On June 17, 1947, the first known televised soccer game in the US took place at Ebbets Field when Hapoel Tel Aviv lost to the American League Stars 2 - 0. On June 18, 1948, Liverpool of England beat Djurgården of Sweden 3 - 2 in front of 20,000 fans at Ebbets Field. On October 17 of that year, the U.S. national team beat the Israel national team team in front of 25,000 at Ebbets Field. On May 8, 1955, Sunderland of England beat the American league Stars 7 - 2. On May 17, Sunderland tied 1. FC Nuremberg of Germany also at Ebbets. On May 23, 1958, Manchester City of England lost to Hearts of Scotland 5 - 2 in front of 20,000 patrons at Ebbets Field. On June 28, 1959, Napoli of Italy lost to Rapid Vienna of Austria 1 - 0 in front of 18,512. At the rematch, also at Ebbets Field three days later in front of 13,000 people, Napoli tied Rapid Vienna 1 - 1, in one of the last events ever held there.
File:Ebbets Field aerial.JPG
Packed house at Ebbets Field
Dimensions[link]
Original (estimates)
- Left field pole - 419 ft
- Center field deep - 477 ft
- Right field pole - 301 ft
1932-1947
- Left field pole - 348 ft (unposted)
- Left field corner - 357 ft
- Left-center field - 365 ft
- Deep left-center - 407 ft
- Deep right-center bleacher corner - 389 ft (unposted)
- Deep right-center notch - 395 ft
- Right-center, scoreboard edges - 344 ft and 318 ft
- Right field pole - 297 ft
1948-1957
- Left field pole - 348 ft
- Left-center field - 351 ft
- Deep left-center - 393 ft
- Deep right-center bleacher corner - 376 ft
- Deep right-center notch - 395 ft
- Right-center, scoreboard edges - 344 ft and 318 ft
- Right field pole - 297 ft
- Backstop - 71 ft
References in popular culture[link]
References in literature[link]
In Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman, Ebbets Field is mentioned by Willy's wife, Linda, as the place of Biff's game (89 in Penguin Plays ed., 1949). This is immediately mocked by their neighbor, Charley, thereby serving as a symbol of the family's downfall at the hands of modernity and self-delusion. The field is also mentioned in The Zodiacs by Jay Neugeboren, a story about a team in Brooklyn.
In the David Ritz novel "The Man Who Brought The Dodgers Back To Brooklyn", two childhood friends buy the Dodgers and move them back to Brooklyn to play in a re-built Ebbets Field.
The only time I ever saw him excited—-outside of what happened with him and our team—-was when our fathers would take the two of us to games at Ebbets Field.
In The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier and Clay, by Michael Chabon, the novel's two protagonists attend a Brooklyn Dodgers football game at Ebbets Field.
References in movies[link]
In the movie Heist, Gene Hackman remarks that with enough preparation, one could steal Ebbets Field. Danny DeVito notes that this is impossible since the field has been gone for years. Hackman believes this proves his point.
In 1989's Field of Dreams, author Terrence Mann (James Earl Jones) was quoted in an interview discovered by Ray Kinsella (Kevin Costner) saying that his childhood dream was to have played baseball with the Brooklyn Dodgers at Ebbets Field, but the team moved to Los Angeles and the field was torn down, and his dream never did come true.
The film Blue in the Face is in itself a celebration of Brooklyn, and particular attention is given to the Dodgers and Ebbets Field, showing footage from its demolition. Harvey Keitel's character Auggie makes a comparison between the Dodgers' moving to Los Angeles and the destruction of Ebbets Field for apartment buildings, and his boss selling the by then traditional cigar store he works in to a health food company.
In Captain America: The First Avenger, Steve Rogers wakes up in a 1940s style 'recovery room' in New York, City, where he hears the archive remains of a previous game from May 1941 on an old-fashioned radio, and knows because he was there.
References on television[link]
On the television series, McHale's Navy, Torpedoman Lester Gruber (Carl Ballantine) often makes mention of his life growing up in Brooklyn. He talks about Bensonhurst and, especially about the Dodgers and Ebbets Field. In an episode entitled, "The Day the War Stood Still", he even says, "Forward all my mail to Ebbets Field." In an episode entitled, "Reunion for PT-73", McHale (Ernest Borgnine) and the crew are trying to convince Captain Binghampton (Joe Flynn) that he is in New York City in 1950. Gruber holds up a newspaper and exclaims, "Those Brooklyn Bums blew another one.....maybe we'll win the pennant next year.....in '51!"
In the Fringe (TV series) episode "6:02 AM EST", a radio broadcast of the Dodgers versus the Expos at Ebbets Field can be heard in the alternate universe, indicating that the Dodgers never moved. In season four, a poster for "New Ebbets Field" can be seen on the wall of Colonel Broyles' son's room.
References[link]
- ^ Staff. Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–2012. Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Retrieved February 22, 2012.
- ^ http://www.ballparktour.com/Ebbets_Field.html
- ^ a b c d e f g h Lowry, Phil (2006). Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebrations of All 273 Major League and Negro League Ballparks Past and Present. New York City: Addison Wesley Publishing Company. ISBN 0-201-62229-7.
- ^ Ward, Geoffrey C.; Burns, Ken (1996). Baseball: An Illustrated History. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 0-679-76541-7.
- ^ "Brooklyn Starts Season a Loser". The New York Times: p. 9. April 10, 1913. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E0CE0DC1F3AE633A25753C1A9629C946296D6CF. Retrieved 2010-01-16.
- ^ a b Lowry, Philip (2006). Green Cathedrals. Walker & Company. p. 40. ISBN 978-0-8027-1608-8. http://books.google.com/books?id=Afo5vtVTz4wC&lpg=PP1&dq=green%20cathedrals&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- ^ Major League Baseball Properties, Inc. v. Sed Non Olet Denarius, Ltd., 817 F. Supp. 1103 (S.D.N.Y. 1993).
- ^ "New Chapter for Ebbets Field: Apartments Open This Month". The New York Times: p. 159. September 2, 1962. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F7061FF83C58107B93C0A91782D85F468685F9. Retrieved 2010-04-18.
Further reading[link]
- Green Cathedrals, by Phil Lowry.
- Ballparks of North America, by Michael Benson.
- Old Ballparks, by Lawrence Ritter.
- The Zodiacs, by Jay Neugeboren.
External links[link]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Ebbets Field |
- Ebbets Field Information
- Ebbets Field Website
- YouTube Video Saying Goodbye to Ebbets Field
- Personal papers of Walter O'Malley, former Dodger owner
- American Soccer History Archives
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebbets_Field
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"Chester Burnett" redirects here. For American football player, see Chester Burnett (American football).
| Howlin' Wolf | |
|---|---|
| File:Howlin' Wolf.jpg | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Chester Arthur Burnett |
| Also known as | Howlin' Wolf |
| Born | (1910-06-10)June 10, 1910 White Station, Mississippi, United States |
| Died | January 10, 1976(1976-01-10) (aged 65) Hines, Illinois, United States |
| Genres | Electric blues, Chicago blues |
| Occupations | Musician, songwriter |
| Instruments | Vocals, guitar, harmonica |
| Years active | 1951–1976 |
| Labels | Chess |
| Associated acts | Hubert Sumlin, Willie Dixon |
Chester Arthur Burnett (June 10, 1910 – January 10, 1976), known as Howlin' Wolf, was an influential American blues singer, guitarist and harmonica player.
With a booming voice and looming physical presence, Burnett is commonly ranked among the leading performers in electric blues; musician and critic Cub Koda declared, "no one could match Howlin' Wolf for the singular ability to rock the house down to the foundation while simultaneously scaring its patrons out of its wits."[1] A number of songs written or popularized by Burnett—such as "Smokestack Lightnin'", "Back Door Man", "Killing Floor" and "Spoonful"—have become blues and blues rock standards.
At 6 feet, 6 inches (198 cm) and close to 300 pounds (136 kg), he was an imposing presence with one of the loudest and most memorable voices of all the "classic" 1950s Chicago blues singers. This rough-edged, slightly fearsome musical style is often contrasted with the less crude but still powerful presentation of his contemporary and professional rival, Muddy Waters. Howlin' Wolf, Sonny Boy Williamson (Rice Miller), Little Walter Jacobs, and Muddy Waters are usually regarded in retrospect as the greatest blues artists who recorded for Chess in Chicago. Sam Phillips once remarked, "When I heard Howlin' Wolf, I said, 'This is for me. This is where the soul of man never dies.'" In 2004, Rolling Stone magazine ranked him #51 on their list of the "100 Greatest Artists of All Time".[2]
Contents |
Early life[link]
Born in White Station, Mississippi, near West Point, he was named after Chester A. Arthur, the 21st President of the United States, and was nicknamed Big Foot Chester and Bull Cow in his early years because of his massive size. He explained the origin of the name Howlin' Wolf thus: "I got that from my grandfather [John Jones]." His Grandfather would often tell him stories about the wolves in that part of the country and warn him that if he misbehaved, the howling wolves would "get him". According to the documentary film The Howlin' Wolf Story, Howlin' Wolf's parents broke up when he was young. His very religious mother Gertrude threw him out of the house while he was still a child for refusing to work around the farm; he then moved in with his uncle, Will Young, who treated him badly. When he was 13, he ran away and claimed to have walked 85 miles (137 km) barefoot to join his father, where he finally found a happy home within his father's large family. During the peak of his success, he returned from Chicago to his home town to see his mother again, but was driven to tears when she rebuffed him and refused to take any money he offered her, saying it was from his playing the "Devil's music".
In 1930, Howlin' Wolf met Charley Patton, the most popular bluesman in the Delta at the time. Wolf would listen to Patton play nightly from outside a nearby juke joint. There he remembered Patton playing "Pony Blues," "High Water Everywhere," "A Spoonful Blues," and "Banty Rooster Blues." The two became acquainted and soon Patton was teaching him guitar. "The first piece I ever played in my life was ... a tune about hook up my pony and saddle up my black mare" (Patton's "Pony Blues").[3] Wolf also learned about showmanship from Patton: "When he played his guitar, he would turn it over backwards and forwards, and throw it around over his shoulders, between his legs, throw it up in the sky."[3] "Chester [Wolf] could perform the guitar tricks he learned from Patton for the rest of his life."[3] "Chester learned his lessons well and played with Patton often [in small Delta communities]."[4]
Howlin' Wolf was also inspired by other popular blues performers of the time, including the Mississippi Sheiks, Blind Lemon Jefferson, Ma Rainey, Lonnie Johnson, Tampa Red, Blind Blake, and Tommy Johnson (two of the earliest songs he mastered were Jefferson's "Match Box Blues" and Leroy Carr's "How Long, How Long Blues"). Country singer Jimmie Rodgers, who was Wolf's childhood idol, was also an influence. Wolf tried to emulate Rodgers' "blue yodel," but found that his efforts sounded more like a growl or a howl. "I couldn't do no yodelin'," Barry Gifford quoted him as saying in Rolling Stone, "so I turned to howlin'. And it's done me just fine."[citation needed] His harmonica playing was modeled after that of Rice Miller (also known as Sonny Boy Williamson II), who had taught him how to play when Howlin Wolf had moved to Parkin, Arkansas, in 1933.
During the 1930s, Wolf performed in the South as a solo performer and with a number of blues musicians, including Floyd Jones, Johnny Shines, Honeyboy Edwards, Sonny Boy Williamson II, Robert Johnson, Robert Jr. Lockwood, Willie Brown, Son House, Willie Johnson. On April 9, 1941, at age thirty, he was inducted into the U.S. Army and was stationed at several army bases. Finding it difficult to adjust to military life, Wolf was discharged November 3, 1943, during the middle of World War II, without ever being sent overseas. Wolf returned to his family and helped with farming, while performing as he had done in the 1930s with Floyd Jones and others. In 1948 he formed a band which included guitarists Willie Johnson and Matt "Guitar" Murphy, harmonica player Junior Parker, a pianist remembered only as "Destruction" and drummer Willie Steele. He began broadcasting on KWEM in West Memphis, Arkansas, alternating between performing and pitching equipment on his father's farm after his family's move to this area in the same year. Eventually, Sam Phillips discovered him and ended up signing him for Memphis Recording Service in 1951.[5]
Matt "Guitar" Murphy played with Wolf teaching him to play on time. Matt says sometimes he played 13 bars and sometimes 14 and Murphy would cut through to show him how to stay in time, getting it down to 12 bars. Wolf regularly made up lyrics about the band on stage, sometimes in jest and sometimes hurtful. Murphy arranged for Junior Parker to join Wolf's band. Later Parker and Murphy both left to form "The Blue Flames", the name chosen by Murphy.[citation needed]
Career[link]
1950s[link]
In 1950, Howlin' Wolf cut several tracks at Sun Studio in Memphis. He quickly became a local celebrity, and soon began working with a band that included Willie Johnson and guitarist Pat Hare. His first recordings came in 1951, when he recorded sessions for both the Bihari brothers at RPM Records and Leonard Chess's Chess Records. Chess issued Howlin' Wolf's "Moanin' At Midnight" b/w "How Many More Years" on August 15, 1951; Wolf also recorded sides for RPM, with Ike Turner, in late 1951 and early 1952. Chess eventually won the war over the singer, and Wolf settled in Chicago, Illinois c. 1953.[5] arriving in Chicago, he assembled a new band, recruiting Chicagoan Jody Williams from Memphis Slim's band as his first guitarist. Within a year Wolf enticed guitarist Hubert Sumlin to leave Memphis and join him in Chicago; Sumlin's terse, curlicued solos perfectly complemented Burnett's huge voice and surprisingly subtle phrasing. Although the line-up of Wolf's band would change regularly over the years, employing many different guitarists both on recordings and in live performance including Willie Johnson, Jody Williams, Lee Cooper, L.D. McGhee, Otis "Big Smokey" Smothers, his brother Little Smokey Smothers, Jimmy Rogers, Freddie "Abu Talib" Robinson, and Buddy Guy, among others, with the exception of a couple of brief absences in the late '50s Sumlin remained a member of the band for the rest of Wolf's career, and is the guitarist most often associated with the Chicago Howlin' Wolf sound.
In the 1950s Wolf had four songs that qualified as "hits" on the Billboard national R&B charts: "How Many More Years", his first and biggest hit, made it to #4 in 1951; its flip side, "Moanin' at Midnight", made it to #10 the same year; "Smokestack Lightning" charted for three weeks in 1956, peaking at #8; and "I Asked For Water (She Gave Me Gasoline)" appeared on the charts for one week in 1956, in the #8 position. In 1959, Wolf's first album, Moanin' in the Moonlight, a compilation of previously released singles, was released.
1960s[link]
His 1962 LP Howlin' Wolf, which featured contributions from Willie Dixon, Jimmy Rogers and Sam Lay among others, is a famous and influential blues album, often referred to as "The Rocking Chair album" because of its cover illustration depicting an acoustic guitar leaning against a rocking chair. This album contained "Wang Dang Doodle", "Goin' Down Slow", "Spoonful", and "Little Red Rooster" (titled "The Red Rooster" on this album), songs which found their way into the repertoires of British and American bands infatuated with Chicago blues. In 1964 he toured Europe as part of the American Folk Blues Festival tour produced by German promoters Horst Lippmann and Fritz Rau. In 1965 he appeared on the television show Shindig at the insistence of The Rolling Stones, who were scheduled to appear on the same program and who had covered "Little Red Rooster" on an early album. He was often backed on records by bassist and songwriter Willie Dixon who is credited with such Howlin' Wolf standards as "Spoonful", "I Ain't Superstitious", "Little Red Rooster", "Back Door Man", "Evil", "Wang Dang Doodle" (later recorded by Koko Taylor), and others.
In September 1967, he joined forces with Bo Diddley and Muddy Waters for The Super Super Blues Band album of Chess blues standards, including "The Red Rooster" and "Spoonful".
1970s[link]
In May 1970, Howlin' Wolf, his long-time guitarist Hubert Sumlin, and the young Chicago blues harmonica player Jeff Carp traveled to London along with Chess Records producer Norman Dayron to record the Howlin' Wolf London Sessions LP, accompanied by British blues/rock musicians Eric Clapton, Steve Winwood, Ian Stewart, Bill Wyman, Charlie Watts and others. He recorded his last album for Chess, The Back Door Wolf, in 1973.
Unlike many other blues musicians, after he left his impoverished childhood to begin a musical career, Howlin' Wolf was always financially successful. Having already achieved a measure of success in Memphis, he described himself as "the onliest one to drive himself up from the Delta" to Chicago, which he did, in his own car on the Blues Highway and with four thousand dollars in his pocket, a rare distinction for a black blues man of the time. In his early career, this was the result of his musical popularity and his ability to avoid the pitfalls of alcohol, gambling and the various dangers inherent in what are vaguely described as "loose women", to which so many of his peers fell prey. Though functionally illiterate into his 40s, Burnett eventually returned to school, first to earn a G.E.D., and later to study accounting and other business courses aimed to help his business career.
Wolf met his future wife, Lillie, when she attended one of his performances in a Chicago club. She and her family were urban and educated, and not involved in what was generally seen as the unsavory world of blues musicians. Nonetheless, immediately attracted when he saw her in the audience as Wolf says he was, he pursued her and won her over. According to those who knew them, the couple remained deeply in love until his death. Together they raised Bettye and Barbara, Lillie's two daughters from an earlier relationship.
After he married Lillie, who was able to manage his professional finances, Wolf was so financially successful that he was able to offer band members not only a decent salary, but benefits such as health insurance; this in turn enabled him to hire his pick of the available musicians, and keep his band one of the best around. According to his daughters, he was never financially extravagant, for instance driving a Pontiac station wagon rather than a more expensive and flashy car.
Wolf's health declined in the late 1960s through 1970s. He suffered several heart attacks and in 1970 his kidneys were severely damaged in an automobile accident. He died in 1976 from complications of kidney disease.
Legacy[link]
Burnett died at Hines VA Hospital in Hines, Illinois on January 10, 1976 and was buried in Oak Ridge Cemetery, Hillside, Cook County, Illinois in a plot in Section 18, on the east side of the road. His large gravestone, allegedly purchased by Eric Clapton[citation needed], has an image of a guitar and harmonica etched into it.
The Howlin' Wolf Memorial Blues Festival is held each year in West Point, Mississippi. Wolf's Juke Joint Jam is another annual Howlin' Wolf tribute festival held in West Point. Some of the artists who have played 'Wolf Jam' include Wolf's lead guitarist Hubert Sumlin, Muddy Waters' back band of Willie "Big Eyes" Smith, Calvin "Fuzz" Jones and "Steady Rollin" Bob Margolin, Willie King, Blind Mississippi Morris, Kenny Brown, Burnside Exploration, etc. The festival is held at the 500-acre (2.0 km2) festival grounds known as Waverly Waters Resort.
A popular music venue in New Orleans, Louisiana was named The Howlin' Wolf when it opened in 1988.[6]
Burnett was portrayed by Eamonn Walker in the 2008 motion picture Cadillac Records.
Selective awards and recognitions[link]
Grammy Hall of Fame[link]
A recording of Howlin' Wolf was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame, which is a special Grammy award established in 1973 to honor recordings that are at least twenty-five years old, and that have "qualitative or historical significance.[citation needed]"
| Howlin' Wolf Grammy Award History[7] | ||||
| Year | Title | Genre | Label | Year Inducted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1956 | Smokestack Lightning | Blues (Single) | Chess | 1999 |
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame[link]
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame listed three songs by Howlin' Wolf of the 500 songs that shaped rock and roll.[8]
| Year Recorded | Title |
|---|---|
| 1956 | Smokestack Lightning |
| 1960 | Spoonful |
| 1962 | The Red Rooster |
The Blues Foundation Awards[link]
| Howlin' Wolf: Blues Music Awards[9] | ||||
| Year | Category | Title | Result | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2004 | Historical Blues Album of the Year | The London Howlin' Wolf Sessions | Nominated | |
| 1995 | Reissue Album of the Year | Ain't Gonna Be Your Dog | Nominated | |
| 1992 | Vintage or Reissue Blues Album—US or Foreign | The Chess Box—Howlin' Wolf | Winner | |
| 1990 | Vintage/Reissue (Foreign) | Memphis Days | Nominated | |
| 1989 | Vintage/Reissue Album (US) | Cadillac Daddy | Nominated | |
| 1988 | Vintage/Reissue Album (Foreign) | Killing Floor: Masterworks Vol. 5 | Winner | |
| 1987 | Vintage/Reissue Album (US) | Moanin' in the Moonlight | Winner | |
| 1981 | Vintage or Reissue Album (Foreign) | More Real Folk Blues | Nominated | |
Honors and Inductions[link]
On September 17, 1994 the U.S. Post Office issued a Howlin' Wolf 29 cents commemorative postage stamp.
| Howlin' Wolf Inductions | ||||
| Year | Category | Result | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2003 | Mississippi Musicians Hall of Fame | Inducted | ||
| 1991 | Rock and Roll Hall of Fame | Inducted | Early Influences | |
| 1980 | Blues Hall of Fame | Inducted | ||
Discography[link]
- 1959: Moanin' in the Moonlight
- 1962: Howlin' Wolf Sings the Blues
- 1962: Howlin' Wolf
- 1964: Rockin' The Blues – Live In Germany
- 1966: The Real Folk Blues
- 1966: Live In Cambridge
- 1966: The Super Super Blues Band
- 1967: More Real Folk Blues
- 1969: The Howlin' Wolf Album
- 1971: Message to the Young
- 1971: Going Back Home
- 1971: The London Howlin' Wolf Sessions
- 1972: Live and Cookin' (At Alice's Revisited)
- 1973: Evil – Live at Joe's Place
- 1973: The Back Door Wolf
- 1974: London Revisited
- 1975: Change My Way
- 1990: Cadillac Daddy – Memphis Recordings 1952
- 1997: His Best
Notes[link]
- ^ allmusic ((( Howlin' Wolf > Biography )))
- ^ "100 Greatest Artists of All Time — 51: Howlin' Wolf". Rolling Stone Issue 946. Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-artists-of-all-time-19691231/howlin-wolf-19691231. Retrieved 2011-03-27.
- ^ a b c Segrest 2004, p. 19.
- ^ Segrest 2004, p. 20.
- ^ a b Humphrey, Mark (2007). The Definitive Collection (CD liner). Howlin' Wolf. United States: Geffen Records/Chess Records. B0008784-02/CHD-9375 BK02.
- ^ "The Howlin' Wolf – New Orleans' Premier Music Venue" at thehowlinwolf.com
- ^ Grammy Hall of Fame Database
- ^ 500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll
- ^ The Blues Foundation Database
References[link]
- Segrest, James; Hoffman, Mark (2004). Moanin' at Midnight, The Life and Times of Howlin' Wolf. Pantheon Books. pp. 397. ISBN 0-375-42246-3.
- The Howlin' Wolf Story - The Secret History of Rock & Roll, ASIN: B0000DJZ81 (2003)
External links[link]
- Howlin' Wolf Memorial Blues Festival
- Biography at HowlinWolf.com
- Howlin' Wolf complete session discography
- The Howling or, 100 Years of the Big Bad Wolf (PopMatters Article)
- Wolf's Juke Joint Jam
- Howlin' Wolf Gravesite
- 1980 Blues Foundation Hall of Fame induction
- Illustrated Howlin' Wolf discography
|
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Burnett, Chester Arthur |
| Alternative names | Howlin' Wolf |
| Short description | American blues singer, guitarist and harmonica player |
| Date of birth | June 10, 1910 |
| Place of birth | White Station, Mississippi, United States |
| Date of death | January 10, 1976 |
| Place of death | Hines, Illinois, United States |
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 Jim Norton, Anthony Cumia, and Gregg "Opie" Hughes |
|
| Genre | Talk, Comedy |
|---|---|
| Running time | 6am to 10am, Monday through Friday |
| Country |  United States |
| Starring | Gregg "Opie" Hughes Anthony Cumia Jim Norton |
| Creators | Gregg Hughes Anthony Cumia |
| Air dates | since March 28, 1995 |
| Opening theme | "The Ecstasy of Gold" by Ennio Morricone "Street Fighting Man" by Rage Against the Machine |
| Website | SiriusXM.com |
Gregg "Opie" Hughes (born May 23, 1963) and Anthony Cumia (born April 26, 1961) are the hosts of The Opie & Anthony Show, a talk radio program airing in the United States and Canada on XM Satellite Radio and Sirius Satellite Radio. Since the merger of the two satellite companies, this is now called Sirius/XM. It is co-hosted by stand up comedian Jim Norton. Based in New York City, the show was previously on WXRK-FM and WNEW-FM in New York, and prior to that, on WAAF-FM in Boston, Massachusetts.
On April 26, 2006, Opie and Anthony returned to the terrestrial airwaves after a four year absence, replacing CBS Radio's short-lived David Lee Roth Show, which aired mainly on the eastern coast of the United States. The terrestrial portion of the show ran until March 9, 2009. The team was terminated by WXRK-FM when it flipped formats from rock to Top 40.
The Opie & Anthony Show airs weekdays live from 6am through 10am ET exclusively on XM Radio Channel 105 and Sirius Radio Channel 206 "The Opie & Anthony Channel". Replays are available throughout the day on their XM and Sirius channels and on audible.com.
Contents |
Background and history[link]
Gregg "Opie" Hughes and Anthony Cumia were raised on Long Island, New York, in Centerport and Elwood respectively. Hughes graduated from SUNY Geneseo and for the next seven years, interned and worked at several western New York radio stations such as 96.5 WCMF in Rochester (where he first worked for Brother Wease) and WUFX in Buffalo. Opie eventually found his way back home to rock station WBAB on his native Long Island. Although not initially doing a talk-show, Hughes did experiment with certain talk elements, including a recurring character named "Spuds Buckley". While earning a living as an HVAC duct worker, Cumia began recording comedy songs with his brother Joe. In August 1994, Hughes, seeking innovative ideas, received an entry during an O.J. Simpson parody song contest. The song was titled "Gonna Electric Shock OJ" (sung to the tune of Otis Redding's "(Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay") by a local band known as Rotgut, of which Cumia was the lead singer. The song was a hit on Hughes' show, and he invited the Cumia brothers to the studio to play live in September 1994. In December 1994, Cumia also appeared on The Howard Stern Show during an impression contest in which he imitated Jackie the Jokeman, Beavis and Butt-head, and Sam Kinison. Soon afterward, Hughes and Cumia became a radio team. Hughes' show was called "The Nighttime Attitude" and aired from 8 pm-midnight on WBAB.[1] Shortly after Cumia's arrival, he and Hughes requested that the show be moved to morning or afternoon drive, the two most listened to timeslots in radio. When the station refused, Hughes and Cumia moved the show to afternoon drive on WAAF in Boston, Massachusetts, where they premiered on March 27, 1995 as Opie & Anthony (O&A).
WAAF-FM[link]
One of Opie and Anthony's most notable Boston stunts was their staged giveaway of "100 Grand", which was hyped for weeks. When they finally gave away the prize, the "winning" caller laid into the duo with biting invective after he realized the repairs he needed to make to his truck would be un-affordable with a 100 Grand candy bar instead of $100,000.[2]
The duo was fired in April 1998 from WAAF for an April Fool's Day prank involving Mayor Thomas Menino. Opie and Anthony told their listeners that the Mayor had been killed in a car accident while transporting a young female Haitian prostitute. Many believed the story, leading Menino to file a complaint with the Federal Communications Commission, as the FCC prohibits the broadcast of knowingly false information if it causes public harm.[3] WAAF suggested that the duo have pies thrown at them while being held in town square stocks. The idea was summarily dismissed by the mayor's office. Facing a possible license challenge, WAAF fired them, but Opie and Anthony promised that they would return to Boston and get revenge. During the early days of XM Anthony stated that the intent of the April Fool's prank was to allow the duo to be released from their contract with WAAF. He also stated that the duo had been having illegal meetings with WNEW prior to the April Fool's prank. He preceded these comments with "The statutes of limitations must be up on this."[4]
WNEW-FM[link]
In June 1998, O&A were back on New York station WNEW-FM, where they became a top 10 afternoon drive show in New York by 2000.[5]
In November 2000, sixteen people associated with the show (including comedian Lewis Black and future show member Jim Norton) were arrested during a promotion for "The Voyeur Bus," a mostly glass-sided bus carting naked women through Manhattan with a police escort.[6] The stunt was harshly condemned by Mayor Rudy Giuliani. O&A hosted the short-lived "XFL Gameday" – the pregame show for Vince McMahon's startup football league – for four weeks in February 2001. The half-hour show aired nationally on Saturday nights on select NBC affiliates prior to the evening's games. The show was taped on Wednesdays at the WWF's theme restaurant in Times Square, and was open to the public. It featured analysis by WNBC sportscaster Bruce Beck and New York/New Jersey Hitmen head coach Rusty Tillman, but also featured plenty of raunch. One particular segment featured O&A as chefs, inserting a cucumber in between two melons. O&A were almost banned from Giants Stadium for life during the filming of one episode when they imitated a proposed XFL rule where first possession was determined by placing the ball at midfield and having two opposing team-members attempt to get it. O&A did this as God Bless America began to play before a game.[7] They said that the $100,000 cost of making each new show was the cause of its demise, though no official reason was given for its cancellation.
In 2001, O&A signed a syndication deal with Infinity to syndicate their show on 22 stations nationwide, including WBCN in Boston, longtime rival of WAAF. By this time, show friend Andrew Dice Clay had introduced O&A to Jim Norton, a comedian who toured with and opened for Clay. Norton was a hit on O&A and soon became a regular on the show, appearing three or four days per week.
Sex for Sam[link]
One of O&A's stunts was "Sex for Sam", an annual contest where the goal was to have sex in notable public places in New York City. Couples from various states would be selected to be trailed by a comedian or member of the show, who would call the program to report the location. The contest was sponsored by Boston Beer Company, maker of Samuel Adams beer, and prizes included trips to Boston concerts sponsored by the beer company. The contest was approved by the station and had no major problems for the first two years.
However, in "Sex for Sam 3", comedian Paul Mecurio encouraged Brian Florence and Loretta Harper, a Virginia couple visiting Manhattan, to have simulated sex in a vestibule at St. Patrick's Cathedral on August 15, 2002. When a security guard ordered Mecurio and the couple to leave the church immediately, Mecurio began to argue with the guard, who then contacted police. The couple was arrested and charged with public lewdness. Intense media scrutiny led to the Catholic League demanding that Opie and Anthony be fired. The Catholic League also threatened to get WNEW's license revoked.
O&A broadcast the next day, but were ordered not to directly address the incident for legal reasons. The show went into reruns the following week. On August 22, Infinity suspended Opie and Anthony for the duration of their contract, and canceled the show. However, the company continued to pay the duo to stay off the air for the balance of their contract. The Catholic League immediately dropped its bid to have WNEW's license revoked.
The repercussions of the incident were widespread:
- Infinity was fined a total of $357,500 by the FCC, the maximum amount allowed by law, and the second-largest indecency fine in American radio history. It refused to pay the fine.[8]
- WNEW's ratings had been dreadful overall aside from Opie and Anthony. With the forced cancellation of its only strong performer, its ratings dropped even lower than those of noncommercial stations and never recovered. The station began playing music again in January 2003, starting with a Top 40 format, then going to an adult contemporary format, and later switching to a classic dance music format before returning to the AC format, at which point the station's call letters were changed to WWFS. Under WWFS, the ratings rebounded to a 3.1 rating, then cooled down to an average of a 2.5 rating.[citation needed] In a bit of irony, Opie and Anthony would make fun of an incident at WNEW in late 2004, in which the program director got drunk, went on air, and confused the call letters with those of WNEW's arch-rival WKTU.
- Harper pleaded guilty a month later to disorderly conduct and was sentenced to seven days of community service.[9] Her partner, Brian Florence, died of a heart attack on September 25, 2003.
XM Satellite Radio[link]
Opie and Anthony returned to the air on October 4, 2004 exclusively for XM Satellite Radio after two years off the air. Initially, the show was offered to XM subscribers at a premium cost of $1.99 a month, to which they encountered some resistance. In April 2005, "High Voltage" became part of the basic XM subscription. There are no numbers available with respect to the number of premium subscribers. Hughes gave some indication, however, when he told the Long Island press in 2006, "We went from having a show that was syndicated in 17 major markets to having a few thousand," which did not help to remove the discrepancy.[10]
On April 17, 2006, DirecTV ceased airing the High Voltage channel on their satellite TV service, citing subscriber requests for more music channels and fewer talk and sports channels. However, less than a week elapsed before inside sources announced that, due to overwhelming audience demands that O&A return to DirecTV, the channel would be restored on April 26, 2006.[11]
Opie & Anthony frequently mentioned on the air that they always hated the title "High Voltage", which was selected by one of the company lawyers. They had been trying to change the name but were unsuccessful for the first 2 years, until Eric Logan announced on their October 4, 2006 broadcast that High Voltage would be renamed "The Virus" on November 20, 2006, pursuant to the demands of hardcore O&A fans known as "The Pests".
A major part of the XM show was the "Assault on the Media", led by "The Pests" to give the show additional exposure. On May 19, 2005, show intern Nathaniel showed up behind Arthur Chi'en of WCBS-TV. The disruption caused Chi'en to shout "What the fuck is your problem, man?" while the cameras were still rolling. Chi'en was fired a few hours later. (The situation brought the show nationwide press.)[12]
On May 15, 2007, XM suspended Opie & Anthony for 30 days, in response to a broadcast featuring a homeless man who wandered into the studio. Opie and Anthony dubbed the man "Homeless Charlie", who mentioned the possibility of raping Condoleezza Rice and Laura Bush.[13] Charlie spoke wildly for nearly twenty minutes, commenting on a wide variety of news topics. A blogger posted a ten second excerpt of the discussion, which was later posted to The Drudge Report with no context given to the audio. Commentary on the incident was especially incendiary from Bill O'Reilly, who called the situation "the worst I have ever seen." (O'Reilly once had the radio duo on his show.)[citation needed] CBS (terrestrial) radio continued to air the show from 6:00 am–9:00 am Eastern time, and had a decidedly more subdued sound, due to greater scrutiny.
Fans reacted to the news of the suspension by canceling their XM Radio subscriptions, with some fans even going as far as smashing their XM units. XM did offer a free month of service to subscribers who called in complaints of the suspension.[14] Moreover, some sponsors pulled their advertising off XM in protest of the suspension.[15]
The radio duo's month-long suspension from XM ended on June 15, 2007, when they returned to XM's airwaves. Shortly after the suspension, Opie closed on a $3.35 million 2,088-square-foot (194.0 m2) apartment in Trump Place owned by Donald Trump.[citation needed]
Return to broadcast radio 2006–2011[link]
File:Opie and Anthony.jpg
Opie and Anthony walking to their XM studio from CBS Radio in New York City on July 25, 2006.
On April 24, 2006, Opie and Anthony announced that they signed a deal with CBS Radio in which the first three hours of the show would be broadcast on nine of CBS's rock stations, the first official show airing April 26.[16]
After an 18-month run on XM, The Opie & Anthony Show began simulcasting on XM Radio and various terrestrial radio stations from 6 am to 9 am EST. From 9 am to 11 am (and on some days until noon), the show was broadcast exclusively on XM Radio. XM listeners were able to hear the show uncensored for the entire show (except when the main feed is "self-censored" by the hosts). During the 6–9 slot, the FM-only listeners would hear a Federal Communications Commission-compliant version of the show. In Philadelphia, O&A achieved a threefold increase in the month of May over David Lee Roth's April ratings in the age 18–34 demographic. In Boston, O&A doubled the number of all age demographics and achieved an even greater increase in younger listeners.[17] According to the Winter 2007 arbitron ratings, O&A doubled Roth's ratings with their target demographic of 18 to 34-year-olds. But the improvement merely amounted to an increase of 2% to about 4% of the audience—a third of Stern's old numbers in New York City.[18] Following the Summer 07 Arbitron ratings, O&A's 18- to 34-year-olds ratings slipped, while their morning drive rating in NYC of 2.1 left them only ahead of sports based WFAN network in the morning.[19] In the spring 2008 under the new Portable people meter ratings system, Opie and Anthony again failed to crack the top ten in morning drive, and their flagship station WXRK ranked 20th out of 24 stations in overall ratings and out of the top ten in the coveted 25–54 demographic.[20]
Rockstar Games gave the cast and crew of the show voice roles in the PlayStation Portable game Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Stories, including Club Soda Kenny as the voice of Derek the Dodo. The only exception was Jim Norton, since he had a voice role in previous Rockstar game Bully.
On October 23, 2007, WYSP in Philadelphia cut Opie and Anthony from their lineup in favor of the rock music format, to which the station had changed in September.[21]
During the summer of 2008, the show delved into the romance between Anthony Cumia and Jill Nicolini, a model and actress who also serves as traffic reporter for WPIX. Nicolini and Cumia were often photographed together at public events. A running feature on the show focused on the authenticity of this May–December romance. While many initially doubted the beautiful Nicolini would actually date Cumia, the relationship appeared to blossom over time, although it ended disastrously in August 2008.
In 2008, as part of Rockstar Games' newest addition to the Grand Theft Auto series, Cumia performed the viral "Pißwasser" (or "Piss Water") commercial for Grand Theft Auto IV, as a parody to Budweiser's "King of Beers" campaign. It was later performed by Cumia on the Opie and Anthony Show. Other members of the show's cast appear as characters in GTA IV.
During their tenure at K-Rock, almost all of O&A's affiliates (many of which were in major markets) systematically dropped the show, primarily due to declining ratings.[22] By November 30, 2008, Opie and Anthony remained in only three major cities – New York, Boston and Cleveland. The following day, however, WBCN in Boston dropped them in favor of their local Toucher & Rich show, while WKRK switched to a jockless alternative rock format.
On March 9, 2009, Opie & Anthony were heard on WXRK for the last time, and spent much of the time discussing the impending format change, and how their services were "no longer needed" at the station. Their executive producer for the FM portion, Michael "Stuntbrain" Opelka, was fired the following day.
As of October 1, 2010, the Opie and Anthony show renewed their contract with Sirius/XM satellite radio for 2 years. The two often mention that they will not renew their contract after the current contract expires, citing their disgust with the poor way they are often treated by Sirius management as the primary reason.
On October 13, 2011, the Opie and Anthony show's station was changed from the ViRUS to The Opie and Anthony Channel.
Run-ins with the FCC[link]
The Federal Communications Commission has twice fined O&A for broadcasting material deemed in violation of decency standards. The first fine involved several November 2000 – January 2001 airings of a jingle produced by Dru Boogie, a DJ/producer who regularly produces content for the show. The $21,000 fine also involved a segment of "Guess What's in My Pants", as well as a song titled, "I'm Horny for Little Girls".[23] O&A's second FCC violation – the "Sex for Sam" broadcast – set a precedent for being the first time that a fine was issued to each individual station airing the alleged indecent material.[24] The total was $357,500; $27,500 against each of the thirteen CBS Radio/Infinity-owned stations that broadcast the show.[25] Infinity appealed both fines, after which its parent company Viacom made a $3.5 million settlement which canceled all pending indecency violations.[26]
Program content[link]
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This article may contain original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding references. Statements consisting only of original research may be removed. More details may be available on the talk page. (May 2008) |
Opie and Anthony often comment on American sociopolitical and popular culture. Their "cringe" style of entertainment sometimes leads people to categorize them as "shock jocks". Hughes, Cumia and Norton broadcast for approximately four hours per day. Generally speaking, Opie sets the daily flow of the show and introduces topics, while Cumia and Norton provide color commentary. The show has few limits, and covers a wide array of topics interactively, with a great deal of time devoted to callers, and sound bites sent in by listeners. Some of the more hardcore O&A fans, nicknamed "Pests", have been known to go to extreme grassroots efforts to promote the show.
Friends and regular guests on the show include Adam Ferrara, Jim Jeffries, Joe DeRosa, Louis C.K., (who famously asked Donald Rumsfeld if he was a Mexican baby eating space lizard)[27] Bill Burr, Brian Regan, Robert Kelly, Otto & George, Bob Saget, Rich Vos,[28] Colin Quinn, Nick DiPaolo[29] and Patrice O'Neal,[30] all of whom have substituted for Norton when he has left New York to pursue his stand-up comedy and acting.
Frequent guests include Doug Stanhope, Stephen Lynch, Joe Rogan, Lazlow Jones, Jay Mohr, Kevin Smith and Mike Birbiglia. Host Anthony Cumia does impressions of various personalities such as Charlton Heston, Don West, Sylvester Stallone, Fred Flintstone, Bill Cosby, Ben Stein, Richard Nixon, Sam Kinison, Andrew Dice Clay, Tom Brokaw, Ronald Reagan, Mike Tyson, Tony Boselli, Tony Danza, Christopher Reeve, Ted Knight, Robert Reed, Regis Philbin, Vince McMahon (dubbed "Angry Vince" for the consistently violent tone of Anthony's voice in channeling McMahon's wrestling persona), Neil Diamond, Robin Williams, Winnie the Pooh, Popeye the Sailor, Don Imus, Marty McFly and The Greaseman. O&A's style and jokes typically target males in the 18–49 demographic.
The songs played at the beginning the O&A show are Ennio Morricone's "The Ecstasy of Gold" from The Good, The Bad and The Ugly followed by Rage Against the Machine's song "Street Fighting Man", a cover of the Rolling Stones' song of the same name.
Film references[link]
O&A's show features many inside jokes that a new listener may not immediately understand.[31] There are many references to films,[32] Boogie Nights being the most prominent. Other referenced films include Fargo, The Silence of the Lambs, Creepshow, The Accused, Predator, The Shining, American Psycho, Blazing Saddles, Fast Times At Ridgemont High, Smokey and the Bandit, Apocalypse Now, Bad Lieutenant, Ed Wood, Jaws, Platoon, A Clockwork Orange, Full Metal Jacket, Death Wish, Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan, Schindler's List, Caddyshack, The Godfather, My Baby is Black, Mondo Topless, The Shawshank Redemption, Back to The Future, Sling Blade, Office Space, Caligula and anything starring Robert De Niro (most notably The King of Comedy).
Staff[link]
- Travis Tefft, Executive Producer – (aka T-Storm, Dr. Gay) – Former intern who became a regular staff member. Travis typically acts as the phone screener as well as providing minute-to-minute research. He is the acting 'Executive Producer'.
- Erik Nagel, Senior Producer – (aka Erock, Sex Bagel, Sex Man, Sexy, Sex) – Been with the show since the show's beginning at XM Radio. Co-Hosts 'Worst Of The Week Countdown' and the 'Worst-Of' shows. Erik is often a target of ridicule on the show, and does a character called 'The Virus' which stemmed from the annual Jocktober bit.
- Danny Ross, Senior Producer - Former intern who became a regular staff member. Danny originally started as a writer for former executive producer Steve Carlisi's web site, foundrymusic.com. Carlesi brought him on board as an intern. He is responsible for the show's daily content and has been the in-studio producer since 2008.
- Sam Roberts, Associate Producer – (aka Two Races, Prime Time Sam Roberts) – Former intern who became a regular staff member. Co-Hosts 'Worst Of The Week Countdown' and the 'Worst-Of' shows with Erock on weekends. He hosts 'After O&A Live', which airs from 10am to 11am on The Virus following the live show. Sam is involved in screening radio shows for Jocktober, and contributes regularly on-air when the subjects of professional wrestling and Scorch's PFG TV (a public access TV show, hosted by a former radio colleague of O&A's) come up. He now hosts 'After Opie & Anthony Live'
- John Feder, Security – (aka Club Soda Kenny) – A 22-year retiree of the West Orange, New Jersey Police Department, Kenny met O&A while working for Andrew Dice Clay. He was a part-time member of O&A's security staff since the summer of 2004, and joined O&A full-time in 2006 following his fully reinstated retirement. He is often ridiculed for his OCD and "oafish" demeanor.
- Troy Quan, Producer – Former intern known for his hipster lifestyle and for coming off as though he is in love with himself as well as various other side projects. Troy frequently DJ's in the Meat Packing district and in Pennsylvania. Troy gained notoriety as an intern for stealing a fellow intern's girlfriend. Following his internship, he became a phone screener and bit writer for O&A. Opie dislikes Troy because of his sense of fashion and hipster lifestyle.
Callers who became frequent guests[link]
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This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2010) |
- Pat from Moonachie (Patrick Philbin) – A 44-year-old, 340-pound self-employed courier with 9 toes (due to diabetes), who became a friend after winning O&A's first annual Eggnog Drinking Contest. Philbin consumed 71 double shots of eggnog and subsequently vomited. He is a competitive eater, ranked 19th in the world by the I.F.O.C.E[33] and placed 10th in Nathan's Fourth of July Hot Dog Eating Contest. The "Baby Bird" video which came about from the 2006 Eggnog Drinking Challenge earned him infamy and caused him to be barred from the I.F.O.C.E for his "effluvic interchange." Philbin's banishment was rescinded and he was eventually re-instated on December 6, 2006.[34]
- Big A (Andrew Gold) - A Bronx cab driver with a speech impediment. (He has a severe stutter, especially when pronouncing words that begin with the "st" sound). Co-host of the 'Big A & Twitchels News Cast' segment. He has co-hosted the segment with show regular Bobo.
- Tom – Tom was discovered after they took a call from "an elvish sounding man". He is now the focus of "Is Tom alive? Friday", as Tom has a fatal lung disease, was kicked out of his apartment, and has had a broken back and lesioned spinal column; he was told by his doctor that he is now likely in his last year of life, however Tom has repeatedly claimed he will commit suicide to avoid the pain accompanying his passing. On June 12 of 2008 Tom called into the show to thank Opie and Anthony for the show and planned to kill himself. After talking with Tom, Opie, Anthony and Jim convinced him to unload his weapons and come on the show the following day. As of February 23, 2012, Tom is still alive and in better health.[35]
Characters[link]
- Paul Harghhis/Hahrrgis – (AKA Uncle Paul) A character voiced by Jim Norton. Uncle Paul is a child molester with a creepy voice. Norton need only utter "huh?" or "yay!" in the voice to bring the character into a conversation, particularly one involving young children. Paul does not seem embarrassed by or even understand that his antics are inappropriate. He has demonstrated a hostile streak, as he yells at call-in guests or about "those goddamn meddling parents." Hahrrgis, along with Ted Scheckler were referenced in "The Substitute", the fourth episode of the sixth season of Lost. In the episode, a series of surnames associated with certain numbers were featured. Hargghis's number was 202, the XM channel number where the show can be heard.[36]
- Steve from Yellowstone – (AKA Ben from Boston, Danny from W-Town, Jimmy from New Jersey, Erik from Breathtown, Po from Jersey, etc.) Fake characters that are voiced by Norton, occasionally used to mock bad guests on the phone or in-studio.
- Ted Sheckler – A character voiced by Jim Norton. Ted is an entrepreneur, said to own many odd boutique emporiums. He often recommends callers to purchase specific items at his emporiums. He also enjoys a variety of activities such as ghost hunting, light bulb manufacturing, race car driving, and serial killing by blowing second-hand smoke into crowds. The Sheckler character, along with Paul Hargghis were referenced in "The Substitute", the fourth episode of the sixth season of Lost. A series of surnames associated with certain numbers were featured in the episode. Sheckler's number was 197, the Sirius channel number where the show can be heard.[37]
- Lyle Delmar "Chip" Chipperson – A character voiced by Jim Norton known for his horrendous jokes and frequent lies. He changed his name to Peppy Sinclair.
- Helen Bergeron – A character voiced by Jim Norton. Helen is an older Jewish woman who enjoys gossiping about celebrities and popular culture. She would be characterized as a "yenta". She usually says, "Helen Bergeron, signing off" when finished speaking.
- Edgar Mellencamp - Another character voiced by Norton, created primarily to annoy Norton's girlfriend. Edgar is known for his perpetually dry teeth, which he likes to have licked.
- The Virus – A character reluctantly voiced by "E-Rock". The character was "born" when Sam told a clueless but compliant E-rock to perform the character on the air. Virus is asked for comedic takes on daily events, but cannot come up with a punchline or any relevant material. When asked to say something amusing, there is merely a pregnant pause followed by a lame excuse, such as "You know I'm not good at this" or "The Virus is totally unprepared." Whenever he makes an appearance, the song "Baby Elephant Walk" is played.
- Bill Tetley – A fictional variety show host created by Jim Norton. (Jim uses the character to harass Anthony at home). Known for his horribly catchy theme song.
Other enterprises[link]
Demented World[link]
A CD released in November 1997 which includes a compilation of bits done on WAAF.
The Opie & Anthony Traveling Virus[link]
Main article: Opie and Anthony's Traveling Virus Comedy Tour (2006)
Main article: Opie and Anthony's Traveling Virus Comedy Tour (2007)
The Traveling Virus is a comedy tour headlined by Opie and Anthony, as well as friends of the show, that began in 2006. In its first year, it spanned several locations in the eastern United States during the summer. In 2007, it visited 10 cities through the spring and summer. It was an event they had discussed for many years, but were never able to bring it to fruition until they made their latest deal with CBS radio.
The 2008 Traveling Virus Tour was canceled in favor of one show, held at the PNC Bank Arts Center in Holmdel, New Jersey on August 2, 2008. On the morning of Monday, August 4, 2008, Opie stated that the August 2nd show in New Jersey would be "the last Traveling Virus show ever", due to the crowd consistently booing new comedians off the stage, causing established comedians to refuse to appear at the venue [38]
Search and Destroy[link]
On the morning of March 26, 2008, Opie & Anthony revealed they had taped a pilot for Comedy Central. The show is titled Search & Destroy and features teams of comedians performing various tasks throughout New York City.[39] Opie and Anthony believe that it may have been too graphic even for cable television.[39] Although Opie and Anthony considered the pilot a success, Comedy Central did not pick the show up.
Controversies[link]
- April Fool's Day: On April 1, 1998, while still on WAAF in Worcester, O&A announced that the mayor of Boston, Thomas Menino, had been killed in a car accident in Florida. Things became heated after Menino's daughter called the station believing the story to be true, and the duo was terminated the following week. During the early days of XM, Anthony stated that the intent of the April Fool's prank was to allow the duo to be released from their contract with WAAF. He also stated that the duo had illegal meetings with WNEW before the April Fool's prank. He prefaced these comments with "the statutes of limitations must be up on this." Despite the controversy that was started by the April Fool's Day prank, the duo was hired by WNEW-FM in New York City less than five months later.[40]
- W.O.W.: During their WAAF years, O&A established "Whip 'em Out Wednesdays," which encouraged women to flash their breasts to anyone with a "W.O.W." sign. Consequently, it was common around Massachusetts to see cars with W.O.W. stickers, signs and even painted lettering. The campaign came to an end on WAAF in the summer of 1997, when the station forced the duo to discontinue the stunt and suspended the show for three weeks. W.O.W. has since been reintroduced to the show; W.O.W. stickers and signs are more common in O&A's biggest markets: New York and Boston. The campaign gained notoriety when a woman flashed the famous crowd fly-by camera during a broadcast of The Today Show.[41] They are less visible in other markets, such as San Francisco, as they are more reluctant to back the W.O.W. promotion.
- Voyeur Bus: Fifteen participants in the show's "Voyeur Bus", including the driver, six dancers, and eight associates of the show, were arrested for disorderly conduct. The dancers had performed topless, fully visible through the vehicle's large transparent windows, which was driven along busy Manhattan streets. Charges against the eight associates were later dropped. New York mayor Rudolph Giuliani described the publicity stunt as "stupid." [42]
- Homeless Shopping Spree: In late 1999, shortly before Christmas, O&A held the first "Homeless Shopping Spree", which has since become an annual event. The bit involves a dozen of New York's homeless, who are each given several hundred dollars by the show and much more by the fans, and are taken to a posh shopping mall, most notably the Mall at Short Hills in Short Hills, New Jersey. They are allowed to buy whatever they want, including warm clothes and other items they could not normally afford, while being cheered on by the thousands of listeners who show up. In the 1999 Spree, the mall reacted by closing several of the nicer stores and eventually have the twelve homeless men removed from the mall by security. Boston mayor Thomas Menino expressed outrage at the event, declaring that the Homeless Shopping Spree degraded and humiliated the contestants, and that it was immoral to hold such an event on the same day the city was to do a census count of the homeless townspeople. The event was repeated at the same mall on December 16, 2006.[43]
- "100 Grand": Early in the team's radio career, O&A announced a contest at WAAF in which the 107th caller would receive "100 Grand". They continued this bit throughout the show, careful not to say "$100,000", only "100 Grand". The 107th caller was ecstatic, believing that he had actually won $100,000, and exclaimed that he was planning to buy a new truck with his good fortune. He became furious when Opie informed him that the prize was merely a 100 Grand candy bar, and proceeded to curse loudly on the air, famously calling the duo "a bunch of douche bags."[2]
- T&A with O&A: Opie and Anthony held a station-promoted beach party on the shores of Angola, NY (a suburb of the city of Buffalo) on Saturday July 13, 2002; they claimed 5,000 persons were in attendance. Several female attendees appeared nude or topless, and at least one inserted vegetables into various orifices. Buffalo officials quickly dispersed the crowd, warning O&A and crew not to return, lest they endure legal action. Additionally, FCC complaints were filed despite the event not being broadcast on any medium. Furthermore, reminiscing about the event on their July 25, 2011 show, Opie claimed that shortly after the event took place, management at WNEW informed the duo off-air that police in Erie County (who received over 250 complaints from area residents) had begun the process of securing warrants for their arrest over the incident. The aftermath went unrealized, as it was overshadowed by the more serious "Sex For Sam 3" incident roughly a month later.
- The Eggnog Drinking Challenge: An annual challenge where contestants have to drink as many shots of eggnog as possible before vomiting. On December 1, 2006, during the Challenge, Pat from Moonachie drank 75 double-shots of eggnog and subsequently vomited all over prospective intern Pat Duffy's mouth. This was dubbed the "Baby Bird" by Joe Rogan and became a hit on both the O&A website as well as Break.com due to YouTube's initial refusal to carry the video.[44]
- Condoleezza Rice, Laura Bush & Queen Elizabeth II: A homeless man (Homeless Charlie) making a guest appearance on the XM version of the show described how he would like to have sex with the United States Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, First Lady Laura Bush, also calling Queen Elizabeth II "horse-faced", an act which the hosts joked could only happen through force.[45] In the wake of the Don Imus firing, there was speculation that O&A might be fired following that segment that aired on their program May 9, 2007. On their Friday show, Opie and Anthony apologized for the bit by begrudgingly saying, "We apologize to the public officials for comments that were made on our XM show on May 9. We take very seriously the responsibility that comes with our creative freedom and regret any offense that this segment has caused."[46] On May 15, 2007, XM suspended Opie and Anthony for 30 days.[13]
- Donald Trump made a handful of calls to the show to promote his television series The Apprentice, and it appeared that relations between the radio show and Donald Trump were positive. However, Trump was later interviewed and called Opie and Anthony "two slobs" and swore never to appear on the show again, seemingly over a press release made by O&A that stated that Trump called them. Trump interpreted that statement as implying that he was desperate for media attention.[47][48] Trump was supposed to call the show on January 10, 2008, but did not.
- Jesse Ventura: The Opie and Anthony Show hosted former Governor of Minnesota Jesse Ventura on December 2, 2009. During the show, a disagreement between co-host Jim Norton and Ventura erupted into an argument regarding the September 11 attacks, which Ventura has questioned the official account of, as well as the use of the military overseas. Ventura also suggested that Norton did not believe in the Constitution, which the latter strongly denied. Twenty minutes into the debate, Ventura walked off the air and the two exchanged explicit comments towards one another. As Ventura left the room where the show was being held, Norton said, "Fucking baby. Big fucking guy who doesn't like the little guy yelling."[49]
- Weinergate Photo Release During his June 8, 2011 appearance, Andrew Breitbart showed Opie and Anthony a picture of Anthony Weiner's erect penis. A listener forwarded them a screenshot captured from their live Paltalk video feed, and Opie posted it on Twitter. Andrew Breitbart claimed to be very upset at what transpired.[50] Opie had also taken a picture of the photo during the showing without the knowledge of Breitbart.
- Chris Kyle vs Jesse Ventura Former Navy Seal Chris Kyle appeared on the January 4, 2012 show promoting his book American Sniper. A listener called in to ask about Chris allegedly getting into a bar fight with former Governor and Navy Seal Jesse Ventura in 2006. Opie decided to ask Kyle about the rumor. Kyle was surprised by the question, and then confirmed that he did indeed punch Ventura at a bar in Coronado, California during a wake for Michael A. Monsoor, a Navy SEAL who had died in Iraq in 2006. Kyle claimed that Ventura was "letting it known that he didn't agree with the war." Kyle stated he went to Ventura and told him that most of the family members of Navy SEAL personnel who died were present, and it was not the time or the place to start talking about the war. To which Ventura replied that the SEALs "deserve to lose a few guys." This is when Kyle allegedly punched Ventura. After telling the story, radio personality Alex Jones, who is a friend of Ventura, claimed that Kyle was a "war monger" and that the whole interview was staged. This prompted a phone call by Kyle to the January 10, 2012 show by claiming he knew people who were present that will back him up on the story. Alex Jones then called the show and there was an argument to whose story was right.[51] Ventura himself denied Kyle's accusations, saying that despite his opposition to the Iraq War, which ended weeks before the accusations against him emerged, he never had "spoken or wished any ill will towards the soldiers" who served in Iraq.[52] Ventura also stated he would sue Kyle for defamation in court.[53]
Stations[link]
The Opie & Anthony Show is heard on Sirius XM Radio, on XM channel 105, The Opie & Anthony Channel and on Sirius channel 206.
See also[link]
References[link]
- ^ FoundryMusic.Com Media: The Very First O&A Show EVER – 1
- ^ a b Deitz, Corey. "Radio Bloopers, Screwups, Outtakes and Embarrassments – Series 2". Your Guide to Radio (About.com). http://radio.about.com/od/radiobloopersandouttakes/ss/blbloopers2_4.htm. Retrieved 2007-04-14.
- ^ "FCC hoax policy". 2005. http://www.fcc.gov/eb/broadcast/hoaxes.html. Retrieved 2007-12-01.
- ^ Andrea Adelson (1998-08-13). "On-Air Prank Earns Pair A Shot at Radio Big Time". New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E05E4DA1231F930A25754C0A96E958260. Retrieved 2007-12-01.
- ^ "Opie & Anthony Return To CBS Radio Beginning Wednesday, April 26". CBS Radio. 2006-04-24. http://www.cbsradio.com/press_center/releases/pressrelease150639-04-24-2006.html. Retrieved 2007-12-01.
- ^ RASHBAUM, WILLIAM (2000-02-12). "Escort of Voyeur Bus Suspended by Police". New York Times. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F0081FFC34590C718CDDAB0994D8404482. Retrieved 2007-07-05.
- ^ Media: Scrambling Fr The Ball At Xfl. Foundrymusic.com. Retrieved on 2011-11-11.
- ^ McConnell, Bill (2003-11-24). "Infinity to FCC: We Won't Pay Fine". Broadcasting Cable. http://www.broadcastingcable.com/article/CA337613.html?display=Washington. Retrieved 2007-04-13.
- ^ "Woman sentenced in cathedral sex case". CNN. 2003-11-07. Archived from the original on May 10, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070510002736/http://www.cnn.com/2003/LAW/11/07/cathedral.sex.ap/index.html. Retrieved 2007-12-01.
- ^ "Raging Bulls". Long Island Press. 2006. http://www.longislandpress.com/main.asp?Search=1&ArticleID=7427&SectionID=23&SubSectionID=72&S=1. Retrieved 2007-12-01.
- ^ "Opie & Anthony Return To DirecTV". FMQB. 2006. http://www.fmqb.com/Article.asp?id=206500. Retrieved 2007-12-01.
- ^ "OCBS Reporter Arthur Chi'en Fired Dropping F-Bomb". FMQB. 2005. http://gawker.com/104365/cbs-reporter-arthur-chien-fired-dropping-f+bomb. Retrieved 2010-12-27.
- ^ a b "XM Radio Suspends Opie & Anthony". XM Satellite Radio. 2007-05-15. Archived from the original on October 13, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071013213442/http://xmradio.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=press_releases&item=1452. Retrieved 2007-12-01.
- ^ Listeners shocked by XM hosts' suspension. Latimes.com (2007-05-17). Retrieved on 2011-11-11.
- ^ "Sponsors pull advertising over O&A suspension". Orbitcast. 2007-05-17. http://www.orbitcast.com/archives/sponsors-pull-advertising-over-oa-suspension.html. Retrieved 2007-12-01.
- ^ Opie & Anthony are in. NY Daily News. April 22, 2006
- ^ Simon, Clea (2006-06-24). "Opie and Anthony give 'BCN a boost". Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/ae/tv/articles/2006/06/24/opie_and_anthony_give_bcn_a_boost/. Retrieved 2007-12-02.
- ^ Hinckley, David (2007-05-01). "With Stern gone, Elvis leads a market that's all shook up". NY Daily News (New York). http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv/2007/05/01/2007-05-01_with_stern_gone_elvis_leads_a_market_tha-2.html. Retrieved 2007-12-02.
- ^ Hinckley, David (2007-10-26). "Ratings bring morning glory again to WINS". NY Daily News (New York). http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv/2007/10/16/2007-10-16_ratings_bring_morning_glory_again_to_win.html. Retrieved 2007-12-02.
- ^ Hinckley, David. (2008-08-17) On the Radio: Listen up, WLTW's still leader of pack. Nydailynews.com. Retrieved on 2011-11-11.
- ^ Klein, Michael (2007-10-23). "‘Opie & Anthony’ dumped by WYSP". Philadelphia Inquirer. Archived from the original on October 25, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071025004129/http://www.philly.com/philly/news/breaking/20071023_Opie___Anthony_dumped_by_WYSP.html. Retrieved 2007-12-02.
- ^ Sisario, Ben (2009-03-09). "CBS’s K-Rock Is Switching to Top 40". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/10/nyregion/10radio.html. Retrieved 2010-02-08.
- ^ DA-02-1336A1. fcc.gov order. June 7, 2002
- ^ "FCC Issues Fine in Opie & Anthony St. Patrick’s Cathedral Case". Concerned Women for America. http://www.cwfa.org/articles/4685/CWA/pornography/index.htm. Retrieved 2007-12-01. [dead link]
- ^ FCC-03-234A1.html. fcc.gov order. October 2, 2003
- ^ FCC-04-268A1. fcc.gov order. November 23, 2004
- ^ McGlynn, Katla (February 25, 2011). "Louis C.K. Asks Donald Rumsfeld: Are You A 'Lizard From Outer Space'?". Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/02/25/louis-ck-donald-rumsfeld_n_828284.html.
- ^ Lohnes, Kate (March 28, 2008). "'Last Comic Standing' comedian Rich Vos in area". www.limaohio.com. http://www.limaohio.com/entertainment/comedy_1600___article.html/comic_writing.html. Retrieved 2008-11-28.
- ^ Serico, Chris (November 27, 2008). "Nick Di Paolo: Home for the holiday". www.LoHud.com. http://lohud.com/article/20081127/ENTERTAINMENT/811270314/-1/SPORTS. Retrieved 2008-11-28.
- ^ Yursik, Patrice (March 13, 2008). "What’s in a Name?". www.MiamiNewTimes.com. http://www.miaminewtimes.com/2008-03-13/calendar/what-s-in-a-name/. Retrieved 2008-11-28.
- ^ C, Steve (2004-11-30). "REQUIRED VIEWING: ESSENTIAL FILMS FOR THE OPIE AND ANTHONY SHOW". http://www.foundrymusic.com/bands/displayheadline.cfm/id/6657. Retrieved 2007-04-14.
- ^ "Movie Quotes and References". OAPedia.com. http://www.oapedia.com/oa/Movie_Quotes_and_References. Retrieved 2007-12-01.
- ^ "Patrick Philbin Eater Profile". Archived from the original on October 18, 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061018111812/http://www.ifoce.com/eaters.php?action=detail&sn=112. Retrieved January 26, 2007.
- ^ "Eater Review Panel Recommends Philbin Reinstatement". http://www.competitiveeatingnews.com/newsarchive.php?action=detail&sn=67. Retrieved January 26, 2007.
- ^ Radio show host Opie talks listener out of suicide attempt. NY Daily News. June 12, 2008
- ^ "Harggus". Lostpedia. http://lostpedia.wikia.com/wiki/Harggus.
- ^ "Sheckler". Lostpedia. http://lostpedia.wikia.com/wiki/Sheckler.
- ^ [1][dead link]
- ^ a b Lafayette, Jon. (2008-03-12) Opie & Anthony, 'Krod Mandoon' on Burgeoning Comedy Central Slate – TVWeek – News. TVWeek. Retrieved on 2011-11-11.
- ^ Hinckley, David (September 2, 1998). "BRAVE NEW WORLD TWO UPSTARTS FROM THE OFFBEAT GENERATION BRING TOP ROCK STATION INTO THE SHOCK MARKET". New York: Daily News. http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/entertainment/1998/09/02/1998-09-02_brave__new_world_two_upstart.html. Retrieved 2008-11-28.
- ^ Today Show flasher • VideoSift: Online Video *Quality Control. Videosift.com. Retrieved on 2011-11-11.
- ^ "'VoyeurBus' performers to sue NYC over arrest". http://www.freedomforum.org/templates/document.asp?documentID=3136. Retrieved 2007-12-01.
- ^ A 2008 version of the shopping spree was planned, but the event was quickly dumped as the crew was informed by the overly cautious lawyers that the spree could be conducted only if the mall in question gave permission. No holiday humor in radio pair’s jollies over degrading homeless Boston Herald
- ^ "2006 EGGNOG CHALLENGE: Photos and Videos". FoundryMusic. http://www.foundrymusic.com/opieanthony/displayheadline.cfm/id/10805/div/opieanthony/headline/2006_EGG_NOG_CHALLENGE__Photos_and_Videos.html. Retrieved 2007-12-01.
- ^ Hinckley, David (May 11, 2007). "Outrage as guest on 'Opie' show sez he'd rape Condi & Laura". Daily News (New York). http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2007/05/11/2007-05-11_you_cant_say_that.html. Retrieved May 11, 2007.
- ^ Shock Jocks "Opie And Anthony" Still To Air On Monday After Broadcasting Homeless Man's Remarks About Raping Public Figures, AHN, May 14, 2007
- ^ Abelson, Max (2007-07-10). "Opie lands Trump Place condo for $3.35M". New York Observer. http://www.nyobserver.com/2007/opie-spawn-imus-scores-trump-place-condo-3-35-m. Retrieved 2007-07-16.
- ^ "WHO CALLS WHOM". New York Post. 2007-01-24. http://www.nypost.com/seven/01242007/gossip/pagesix/who_calls_whom_pagesix_.htm. Retrieved 2007-07-16.
- ^ Huff, Richard. "Jesse Ventura walks off 'Opie & Anthony' show after verbal mud fest with Jim Norton". December 3, 2009 (New York: NY Daily News). http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv/2009/12/03/2009-12-03_jesse_ventura_walks_off.html. Retrieved 16 September 2011.
- ^ "Anthony Weiner Penis Photo Released By Opie And Anthony". Huffington Post. 2011-06-08. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/06/08/anthony-weiner-penis-photo_n_873182.html. Retrieved 2011-06-08.
- ^ "RADIO HOST CONFRONTS SEAL SNIPER OVER VENTURA BAR BRAWL STORY…AND REVEALS ‘PSY-OPS’ THEORY". Theblaze.com. http://www.theblaze.com/stories/radio-host-confronts-seal-sniper-over-ventura-bar-brawl-story-and-reveals-psy-ops-theory/. Retrieved 2012-01-10.
- ^ Opelka, Mike. "NAVY SEAL SMACKDOWN? JESSE VENTURA DENIES SNIPER’S STORY". http://www.theblaze.com. http://www.theblaze.com/stories/navy-seal-smackdown-jesse-ventura-denies-snipers-story/. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
- ^ Browning, Dan. "Jesse Ventura aims to get even with Navy SEAL in court". http://www.startribune.com. http://www.startribune.com/local/140362163.html. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
External links[link]
- Official Sites
- SiriusXM (XM105/Sirius206 "The Opie & Anthony Channel" – The Opie & Anthony Channel Homepage.)
- Opie and Anthony on Myspace
- OA Pedia A fan made Opie and Anthony Encyclopedia.
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Anthony, Opie And |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | |
| Place of birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Opie_and_Anthony
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opie_and_Anthony
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Walter Francis O'Malley | |
|---|---|
| 250px O'Malley circa 1940s |
|
| Born | (1903-10-09)October 9, 1903 Bronx, New York |
| Died | August 9, 1979(1979-08-09) (aged 75) Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota |
| Cause of death | Congestive heart failure with cancer |
| Resting place | Holy Cross Cemetery |
| Residence | Los Angeles |
| Nationality | American |
| Education | Culver Academy, University of Pennsylvania, Columbia University, Fordham University |
| Occupation | Owner of Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers |
| Known for | Moving the Dodgers to Los Angeles from New York City |
| Religion | Roman Catholic |
| Spouse | Katherine Elizabeth Hanson (1907–1979) (m. 1931–1979) «start: (1931-09-05)–end+1: (1980)»"Marriage: Katherine Elizabeth Hanson (1907–1979) to Walter O'Malley" Location:Manhattan, New York (linkback:http://en-wiki.pop.wn.com/index.php/Walter_O%27Malley) |
| Children | Therese O'Malley Seidler Peter O'Malley |
| Parents | Edwin Joseph O'Malley Alma Feltner (1882–1940) |
| Website | |
| WalterOMalley.com | |
Walter Francis O'Malley (October 9, 1903 – August 9, 1979) was an American sports executive who owned the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers team in Major League Baseball from 1950 to 1979. He served as Brooklyn Dodgers chief legal counsel when Jackie Robinson broke the racial color barrier in 1947. In 1958, as owner of the Dodgers, he brought major league baseball to the West Coast, moving the Dodgers from Brooklyn to Los Angeles and coordinating the move of the New York Giants to San Francisco at a time when there were no teams west of Kansas City, Missouri.[1][2] For this, he was long vilified by Brooklyn Dodgers fans.[3] However, neutral parties describe him as a visionary for the same business action,[4] and many authorities cite him as one of the most influential sportsmen of the 20th century.[5] His detractors who say that he was not a visionary, but instead a man who was in the right place at the right time, still regard him as the most powerful and influential owner in baseball after moving the team.[6] He was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame for his contributions to and influence on the game of baseball.
O'Malley's Irish father, Edwin Joseph O'Malley, was politically connected. Walter, a University of Pennsylvania salutatorian, went on to obtain a Juris Doctorate, and he used the combination of his family connections, his personal contacts, and both his educational and vocational skills to rise to prominence. First, he became an entrepreneur involved in public works contracting, and then he became an executive with the Dodgers. He progressed from being a team lawyer to being both the Dodgers' owner and president, and he eventually made the business decision to relocate the Dodgers franchise. Although he moved the franchise, O'Malley is known as a businessman whose major philosophy was stability through loyalty to and from his employees.[7]
O'Malley ceded the team presidency to his son, Peter, in 1970 but retained the titles of owner and chairman of the Dodgers until his death in 1979. During the 1975 season, the Dodgers' inability to negotiate a contract with Andy Messersmith led to the Seitz decision, which limited the baseball reserve clause and paved the way for modern free agency.[8] He bequeathed the team to his children Peter O'Malley and Therese O'Malley Seidler upon his death in 1979.[9]
Contents |
Early years[link]
Walter O'Malley was the only child of Edwin Joseph O'Malley (1883–1955), who worked as a cotton goods salesman in the Bronx in 1903. Edwin O'Malley later became the Commissioner of Public Markets for New York City. Walter's mother was Alma Feltner (1882–1940).[10] O'Malley grew up as a Bronx-born New York Giants fan.[10] He frequently attended Giants games at the Polo Grounds with his uncle Clarence.[11] O'Malley was a Boy Scout who rose to the rank of Star.[11]
O'Malley attended Jamaica High School in Queens from 1918–1920 and then the Culver Academy (the eventual high school alma mater of future New York Yankees owner George Steinbrenner)[12] in Indiana.[13] He managed both the baseball and tennis teams, served on the executive staff of the student newspaper, was a member of the Hospital Visitation Committee as well as the debate team, Bible Discipline Committee and the YMCA.[11] At Culver, his baseball career was ended with a baseball that hit him on the nose.[10]
Later, he attended the University of Pennsylvania (Penn) and graduated in 1926 as the senior class Salutatorian.[1] At Penn, he was initiated into Theta Delta Chi, and he also served as president of the Phi Deuteron Charge.[1] Upon his graduation from the University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Science his father gave him a cabin cruiser that slept eight.[14] He was also Junior and Senior class president.[10] O’Malley originally enrolled at Columbia University in New York City for law school, but after his family lost their money in the Wall Street Crash of 1929, he switched from Columbia Law School to night school at Fordham University.[15] Edwin O'Malley's dry goods business was failing and Walter had to help run the business.[16]
Personal[link]
On September 5, 1931, he married Katherine Elizabeth "Kay" Hanson (1907–1979), who he had dated since high school, at Saint Malachy's Roman Catholic Church in Manhattan.[17] They had two children: Therese O'Malley Seidler (born in 1933)[18][19] and Peter O'Malley (born in 1937).[20] Kay had been diagnosed with laryngeal cancer in 1927 before the engagement and had to have her larynx removed. She was unable to speak above a whisper the rest of her life.[1][21] Edwin O'Malley encouraged Walter to break off his engagement, and after Walter refused his parents did not attend the wedding.[11] O'Malley was a smoker, who golfed occasionally, but more commonly gardened for recreation.[22] In 1944, he remodelled his parents' summer house in Amityville, New York and relocated his family there from Brooklyn.[22] The house was next door to the house Kay had grown up and her parents lived next door.[22]
As a family man, he attended church regularly, attended Peter's football games at LaSalle Academy, chaperoned his daughter's dances. On summer weekends he took the family sailing on his boat, which was named Dodger.[23]
Pre-baseball career[link]
After he completed his law degree in 1930 at Fordham Law, he worked as an assistant engineer for the New York City Subway.[15] After earning his law degree he needed to obtain a clerkship, but since during the depression no one could afford to hire him, he allowed a struggling lawyer to use space in his office and paid for his own clerkship.[24] After working for the Subway, he worked for Thomas F. Riley, who owned the Riley Drilling Company, and they formed the partnership of Riley and O'Malley. With the help of Edwin O'Malley's political connections, Walter's company received contracts from the New York Telephone Company and the New York City Board of Education to perform geological surveys.[15] Subsequently, Walter started the Walter F. O'Malley Engineering Company and published the Subcontractors Register with his uncle, Joseph O'Malley (1893–1985).[1]
Walter eventually concentrated on the field of law, starting with work on wills and deeds.[10] By 1933, he was senior partner in a 20 man Midtown Manhattan law firm.[24] He developed the business habits of smoking cigars and of answering questions only after taking two puffs.[10] During the Great Depression, O'Malley represented bankrupt companies and enriched himself, while building his thriving law practice.[14] He invested wisely in firms such as the Long Island Railroad, Brooklyn Borough Gas Company, the New York Subways Advertising Company, a building materials firm, a beer firm and some hotels. His success begot both influence and attention. The Brooklyn Democratic Machine powers such as judge Henry Ughetta and Brooklyn Trust Company president George Vincent McLaughlin were among those who noticed the rising O'Malley.[14]
Dodgers[link]
McLaughlin had been New York City Police Commissioner in 1926, knew O'Malley's father, and had attended Philadelphia Athletics games with O'Malley when O'Malley was still at the University of Pennsylvania.[24] McLaughlin hired O'Malley to administer mortgage foreclosures against failing businesses for the Trust Company. O'Malley earned McLaughlin's confidence by acting in numerous capacities including bodyguard, valet, chauffeur, adopted son, confidant and right-hand man.[14] The trust company owned the estate of Charles Ebbets, who had died in 1925 and owned half of the Brooklyn Dodgers.[25] It was 1933 when Walter again met George V. McLaughlin, president of the Brooklyn Trust Company.[1] O'Malley was chosen to protect the company's financial interests in the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1933.[26] O'Malley also served as designated driver for the hard drinking McLaughlin.[27] It was through McLaughlin that Walter was brought into the financial arrangements for Ebbets Field in 1940.[1] In 1942, when Larry MacPhail resigned as general manager to serve in the United States Army as a Lieutenant colonel,[10] O'Malley was appointed the attorney for the Dodgers, and he obtained a minority ownership interest on November 1, 1944.[26][28] He purchased twenty five percent as did Rickey and John L. Smith (President of Pfizer Chemical),[29] while the heirs of Stephen McKeever retained the final quarter.[30] In 1943, he replaced Wendell Willkie as chief legal counsel.[10][12] Branch Rickey, who had built the St. Louis Cardinals into champions, replaced MacPhail, and O'Malley began to accumulate stock in the Dodgers.[10]
Rickey was a conservative teetotaler, while O'Malley freely enjoyed vices such as alcoholic beverages and tobacco.[10] As O'Malley became more involved in affairs, he became critical of Rickey, the highest-paid individual in baseball, counting salary, attendance bonuses, and player contract sales commissions.[12] O'Malley and Rickey had very different backgrounds and philosophies.[12] It was O'Malley who put pressure on Rickey to fire manager Leo Durocher, who O'Malley felt was a drain on attendance.[31] In board of directors meetings, O'Malley also opposed Rickey's extravagances.[32] When he was with his political friends, he made fun of Rickey at every chance.[33] Daily News columnist Jimmy Powers would deride Rickey for selling off players and for general miserliness.[33] When Rickey asked O'Malley, the team lawyer, if he should sue, O'Malley said no. Powers campaign became so public that after the 1946 season Rickey gave each player a new Studebaker, which gave O'Malley, a Dodgers shareholder, reason to speak ill of Rickey in the press.[33][34] It got to the point where everything Rickey did was something O'Malley derided: O'Malley thought Rickey's construction of the state of the art Vero Beach spring training facility, known as Dodgertown, was extravagant; he thought Rickey's investment in the Brooklyn Dodgers of the All-America Football Conference was questionable; he fought Rickey on the team's beer sponsor; and he demanded that players return their 1947 World Series rings before receiving the new one's Rickey ordered.[35] As team lawyer, O'Malley had a role in breaking the racial barrier as well. In particular, he had a significant role in Rickey's top-secret search for suitable ballplayers to break the color barrier and then later he had a role in assessing the on-going legal risks to the franchise.[12]
Control[link]
When co-owner John L. Smith died in July 1950, O'Malley convinced his widow to turn over control of the shares to the Brooklyn Trust Company, which O'Malley controlled as chief legal counsel. Rickey's contract as general manager was set to expire on October 28, 1950. Rickey's Dodgers stock was held on margin and he had fully levered life insurance policy. O'Malley lowballed Rickey with an offer of $346,000 (the purchase price). Rickey demanded $1 million ($9,659,751 today).[36] O'Malley eventually pursued a complicated buyout of Rickey, who had received an outside offer from William Zeckendorf of $1 million for his interests.[37] There were varying accounts about the sincerity of the offer because Zeckendorf and Pittsburgh Pirates owner John Galbreath were fraternity brothers, but there is a lot of evidence that he had a sincere interest in acquiring the team.[38] The outside offer triggered a clause in the partnership agreement whereby the asking price of a third party had to be matched if a current owner wanted to retain control and the third party would be compensated $50,000. The canceled $50,000 check would later include Rickey's signature showing that Zeckendorf turned over the $50,000 to Rickey.[39]
O'Malley replaced Rickey with Buzzie Bavasi.[10] O'Malley became the president and chief stockholder (owner) on October 26, 1950.[28] O'Malley assumed the title of president from Rickey, who was a trailblazer in baseball both for instituting the farm system and for breaking the racial barrier with Jackie Robinson.[40] According to pitcher Clem Labine and noted author Roger Kahn, the first thing O'Malley did when he took over was assign Bavasi to enamor himself to Dick Young of the Daily News so that O'Malley would not have to worry about ever getting bad press from the Daily News.[41]
After the ownership transfer, O'Malley's rivalry with Rickey became very public. O'Malley forbade the speaking of Rickey's name in Dodgers offices with transgressors being subjected to a fine. He abolished Rickey's title of General Manager so that no front office person could perpetuate Rickey's role. In addition, when Rickey assumed the title with the Pittsburgh Pirates, O'Malley arranged for the Dodgers to omit the Pirates from their spring training schedule.[37] Nonetheless, after the transfer, the Dodgers remained successful under O'Malley: they won the National League pennants in 1952, 1953, 1955, and 1956. Under O'Malley, the Dodgers were the most overtly political post World War II franchise.[42] In 1951, Brooklyn native and United States Congressman Emanuel Celler's Judiciary Committee investigated whether the reserve clause was in violation of federal anti-trust laws. Celler represented half of Brooklyn in Congress and O'Malley used the local press such as the Brooklyn Eagle to pressure Celler into backing off of the issue.[43] During the 1951 season, the Dodgers engaged former West Point varsity baseball player and U.S. Army General Douglas MacArthur to lure war veterans.[44] O'Malley attempted to entice him to take the post of Commissioner of Baseball.[45] After the 1956 season, O'Malley sold Ebbets Field to Marvin Kratter and agreed to lease the stadium for three years.[46]
Robinson had been a Rickey protege, and O'Malley did not have the same respect for Robinson that Rickey did.[47] O'Malley referred to him as "Rickey's prima donna".[48] Robinson did not like O'Malley's choice for manager, Walter Alston. Robinson liked to argue with umpires, and Alston rarely did so. Robinson derided Alston in the press.[49] In 1955, Alston played Don Hoak at third base during the exhibition season. Robinson voiced his complaints to the press.[50] Robinson did not get along with Bavasi either, and the three seasons under Alston were uncomfortable for Robinson. Robinson announced his retirement in Look magazine after the 1956 season.[51]
The signing of Robinson brought the team international fame, making O'Malley an international baseball ambassador to celebrities such as Iraq's King Faisal II.[52] In 1954, Dodgers scout Al Campanis signed Sandy Koufax in large part for two reasons, according to a memo to O'Malley that said "No. 1, he's a Brooklyn boy. No. 2, he's Jewish." Bavasi noted that "there were many people of the Jewish faith in Brooklyn."[53] During the 1955 season, Dodgers catcher Roy Campanella had a medical billing controversy regarding neurosurgery services by Manhattan doctor Dr. Samuel Shenkman. Shenkman billed $9,500, an amount which Campanella forwarded to the Dodgers and the Dodgers refused to pay. O'Malley felt the doctor was overcharging: "It appears that [Dr. Shenkman] thought he was operating on Roy's bankroll. . ."[54] The Dodgers had convinced Campanella to have the surgery after enduring a slump in 1954 following MVP seasons in 1951 and 1953. The surgery was intended to restore complete use of his hand.[55]
Despite having won the National League pennants in 1947, 1949, 1952 and 1953, they lost to the New York Yankees in the World Series each time, which frustrated O'Malley and all Dodgers fans.[56] In 1955, the team won the World Series for the first time in their history. However, attendance declined from a peak of 1.7 million in 1946 and 1947 to just over one million per year in the mid-1950s. With the advent of the affordable automobile and post-war prosperity, Brooklyn's formerly heterogeneous, middle-class fan base for the Dodgers began to splinter.[57] A large white flight took place, and Ebbets Field's shabby condition and lack of parking spaces led to the loss of fans who relocated to Long Island.[58] O'Malley tried to raise money and get the political backing to build a new ballpark elsewhere in Brooklyn. The one person whose backing he needed was Robert Moses, a powerful figure who influenced development in New York through the Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority. O'Malley envisioned a domed stadium near the Long Island Railroad station on Brooklyn's west end,[10] and even invited R. Buckminster Fuller to design the structure; Fuller, in conjunction with graduate students from Princeton University, constructed a model of the "Dodgers' Dome".[59] Moses did not like O'Malley and derided O'Malley's pro-Brooklyn and pro-Irish sentiments in the press.[60] O'Malley wanted to build a new Brooklyn Dodgers stadium at Flatbush and Atlantic Avenue, but Moses wanted the Dodgers to move to Queens and play in Flushing Meadows Park (the location where the New York Mets play today). Although O'Malley lined up bipartisan political support including New York Governor W. Averell Harriman, Moses blocked the sale of the land necessary for the planned new Brooklyn stadium.[61] O'Malley bought the Chicago Cubs minor league baseball team, the Los Angeles Angels, as well as their stadium, Wrigley Field, from Philip Wrigley in 1956 at the winter baseball meetings, and during spring training, Los Angeles Mayor Norris Poulson traveled to the Dodgers' training camp at Vero Beach, Florida in an attempt to lure the franchise.[10][62] O'Malley met with Moses at Moses' home after purchasing the Angels to discuss final offers from New York to no avail.[63] O'Malley noticed the great success of the Milwaukee Braves after their move from Boston in 1953.[10] They had a 43,000-seat stadium, parking for 10,000 cars and an arrangement for no city or real estate taxes.[64] He also felt the limitations of the small landlocked Ebbets Field, which held less than 32,111 fans and accommodated only 700 parking spaces.[10][26][28] Attendance between 1950 and 1957 was between 1,020,000 in 1954 and 1,280,000 in 1951.[64] Ultimately, O'Malley decided to leave Brooklyn for Los Angeles in 1957.[1][2][65] Robert Moses authority Robert Caro and other contemporaneous sports historians felt that Moses was more to blame for the Dodgers' leaving.[66][67][68] The 1956 season had marked the end of the Jackie Robinson era in which the Dodgers won six pennants, lost two pennant series and finished as low as third only once in ten years, and the new era would begin in a new home.[10] During the 1957 season, he negotiated a deal for the Dodgers to be viewed on an early pay TV network by the Skiatron Corporation subject to the approval of other teams and owners. The rest of baseball was not ready for the risks of such a venture and it did not pan out at the time.[69]
Move to Los Angeles[link]
O'Malley is considered by baseball experts to be "perhaps the most influential owner of baseball's early expansion era."[70] Following the 1957 Major League Baseball season, he moved the Dodgers to Los Angeles, and New York's Dodgers fans felt betrayed.[5] O'Malley was also influential in getting the rival New York Giants to move west to become the San Francisco Giants, thus preserving the two teams' longstanding rivalry. He needed another team to go with him, for had he moved out west alone, the St. Louis Cardinals—1,600 mi (2,575.0 km) away—[71][72] would have been the closest National League team. The joint move would make West Coast road trips more economical for visiting teams.[10][26] O'Malley invited San Francisco Mayor George Christopher to New York to meet with Giants owner Horace Stoneham.[10] Stoneham was considering moving the Giants to Minnesota,[73] but he was convinced to join O'Malley on the West Coast at the end of the 1957 campaign. Since the meetings occurred during the 1957 season and against the wishes of Commissioner of Baseball Ford Frick, there was media gamesmanship.[74] When O'Malley moved the Dodgers from Brooklyn the story transcended the world of sport and he found himself on the cover of Time.[75] The cover art for the issue was created by sports cartoonist Willard Mullin,[76] long noted for his caricature of the "Brooklyn Bum" that personified the team. The dual moves broke the hearts of New York's National League fans but ultimately were successful for both franchises – and for Major League Baseball as a whole.[5][77] In fact, the move was an immediate success as well since the Dodgers set a major league single-game attendance record in their first home appearance with 78,672 fans.[10] During the first year after the move, the Dodgers made $500,000 more profit than any other Major League Baseball team and paid off all of their debts.[68] In the years following the move of the New York clubs, Major League Baseball added two completely new teams in California, as well as two in Texas, one each in the Twin Cities, Denver, and Phoenix, and two teams at separate times in Seattle. In addition, the Philadelphia Athletics moved to Kansas City, Missouri and eventually to Oakland, California; Kansas City would get a new team the year after the A's moved to Oakland. Most importantly, though, the National League returned to New York with the introduction of the New York Mets four years after the Dodgers and Giants had departed for California.
The dealings with the city of Los Angeles after the Vero Beach meeting were controversial. The initial offer of 500 acres (2.02 km2) and tax exemptions was determined to be illegal and improper.[62] The minor league San Diego Padres owners led an opposition effort to stop the transfer of 352 acres (1.42 km2) in Chavez Ravine via a referendum.[10] O'Malley engaged in an extensive marketing and media campaign that helped the referendum pass, but there were extensive subsequent taxpayer lawsuits.[78] The plaintiffs initially prevailed in some of these suits.[79] Finally, during the middle of the 1959 season, the Los Angeles City Council was able to approve the final parcel for the stadium.[80] One legendary negotiation with the city over concession revenue is that in O'Malley's move to the Coliseum he agreed to accept concession revenues from only half the team's games—the home half.[81] The land was eventually transferred by the Los Angeles city government to O'Malley by an agreement which required O'Malley and the Dodgers to design, build, privately-finance and maintain a 50,000-seat stadium; develop a youth recreation center on the land. O'Malley was to pay $500,000 initially, plus annual payments of $60,000 for 20 years; and pay $345,000 in property taxes starting in 1962, putting the land on the tax rolls. Also, the Dodgers would transfer team-owned Wrigley Field, then appraised at $2.2 million, to the city. The city exchanged "300 acres, more or less, in the Chavez Ravine area", while L.A. County Supervisors unanimously agreed to provide $2.74 million for access roads. In addition, the Dodgers also had to pay $450,000 for territorial rights to the Pacific Coast League, whose Los Angeles Angels and Hollywood Stars suspended play.[82]
When he made the decision to relocate in October 1957 to Los Angeles, O'Malley did not have an established location for where the Dodgers would play in 1958. O'Malley worked out a deal with Los Angeles County and the state of California to rent the Los Angeles Coliseum for $200,000 per year for 1958 and 1959, plus 10% of the ticket revenue, and all concession profits for the first nine games of each season following an opening series with the San Francisco Giants.[83] The Dodgers temporarily took up residence while they awaited the completion of 56,000-seat capacity Dodger Stadium, built for $23 million. The Dodgers were soon drawing more than two million fans a year. They remained successful on the field as well, winning the World Series in 1959, 1963, and 1965. The Los Angeles Angels also played in Dodger Stadium from 1962 to 1965.[84] In the 1960s, O'Malley attempted to buy out the contract of Shigeo Nagashima of the Tokyo Yomiuri Giants from Matsutaro Shoriki.[85] In 1960, O'Malley refused to pay right fielder Carl Furillo for the 1960 season after he was released early due to injury. This forced Furillo to sue the team. O'Malley blacklisted Furillo from any job in any organization.[86]
His son, Peter O'Malley, described his management style as follows: "As president, the way he ran the business, he believed in stability and very little turnover. It was the strength of the organization. The management team worked as well as the team on the field."[7] This is evidenced in many ways, including the long tenure of both Walter Alston and Tommy Lasorda as Dodgers managers and Vin Scully, the broadcast voice of the Dodgers. Alston was repeatedly rehired to consecutive one-year contracts from 1954–1976 until he retired. Then Lasorda, who had been a long-time employee in as a coach and minor league baseball manager, took over as manager for another twenty years.[26] Scully has been the voice of the Dodgers since the O'Malley family acquired the team. In addition, the infield of first baseman Steve Garvey, second baseman Davey Lopes, shortstop Bill Russell and third baseman Ron Cey was the longest-running intact infield in major league history.[26] Furthermore, O'Malley is said to have kept Bowie Kuhn in office as the Commissioner of Baseball until O'Malley's death.[26] O'Malley rewarded loyal employee Bavasi by allowing the San Diego Padres franchise to establish an expansion team with Bavasi as President in Southern California.[87] Alston said O'Malley convinced him that when he signed his first one-year contract it could be a lifetime job by pointing out that "signing one-year contracts can mean a lifetime job, if you keep signing enough of them."[88] Although O'Malley had good stories of loyalty with some employees, there were several stories of O'Malley's frugality.[89]
Although O'Malley was loyal to his employees, he did not take kindly to demands from employees such as manager Charlie Dressen's request for a three-year contract. When Dressen requested a multi-year contract after losing a second consecutive World Series to the Yankees, he was released.[90] Then when he hired Walter Alston as a replacement, he made it clear to the press that Alston would only receive one-year contracts and would not attempt to show up the management in the national media.[91] There were rumors that Alston even signed blank contracts in the fall and showed up in the spring to find out his salary.[91] O'Malley also did not support those who remained friends with Rickey, which was a large factor in Red Barber quitting as Dodgers announcer.[92]
O'Malley believed that employees should accept whatever salaries they were offered. In 1966, this led to the contract holdouts of Sandy Koufax and Don Drysdale, who employed the same lawyer.[93] They duo of pitching aces decided to strike together until they were both satisfied.[94] They had earned $70,000 and $75,000 respectively during the 1965 season,[93] during which the Dodgers won the World Series,[94] and O'Malley offered $105,000 and $95,000 for the 1966 season.[93] At the time, Willie Mays was Major League Baseball's highest paid player at $125,000 per year and multi-year contracts were very unusual.[94] They demanded three-year $167,000 per year contracts and after holding out until less than two weeks before Opening Day, they received one-year $130,00 and $115,000 contracts respectively.[93]
O'Malley liked clubhouse turmoil only slightly less than free agent disloyalty.[95] When he traded Maury Wills to the Pittsburgh Pirates following consecutive National League pennants, it was attributed to Wills having quit during the middle of the Dodgers' post-season tour of Japan.[96]
Retirement from presidency[link]
On March 17, 1970, Walter turned over the presidency of the team to his son Peter, remaining as Chairman until his death in 1979. Peter O'Malley held the position until 1998 when the team was sold to Rupert Murdoch.[97][98] The team remained successful on the field under Peter and won the World Series in both 1981 and 1988. They remained successful at the box office as well: by the end of the 1980s, they had not only became the first franchise to draw three million fans, but also they had done it more times than all other franchises combined.[26] During the 1970s, O'Malley was credited for stagemanaging Lasorda's career. Lasorda become known for his die-hard Dodgers clichés, such as describing the color of his blood by saying "Cut me, I bleed Dodger blue."[99] It was even said that the reciprocal loyalty and respect between Lasorda and O'Malley was so high that O'Malley gave Lasorda a tombstone as a gift that had an inscription that read "TOMMY LASORDA, A DODGER".[95]
The McKeevers held their 25% interest in the Dodgers until 1975 when Dearie McKeever died. They sold out to O'Malley making him the sole owner of the Dodgers.[100] Also during 1975, the Dodgers franchise was embroiled in the Andy Messersmith controversy that led to the Seitz decision, which struck down baseball's reserve clause and opened up the sport to modern free agency. Messersmith and the Dodgers were unable to come to contract terms in part because of a then unheard of no-trade clause demand, and Messersmith pitched the entire season without a contract under the reserve clause, which stated that team has the right to extend the prior years contract one year if a player does not agree to terms. Teams had previously had the right to continue such resignings year after year.[8] This gave owners the right to issue "take it or leave it" offers to the players.[8] Although the Dodgers and Messersmith nearly hammered out a deal monetarily, they could not come to terms on the no trade clause. Supposedly Major League Baseball instructed the Dodgers not to surrender such a clause for the good of the game.[8] The Seitz decision limited the re-signings to one year, and since Messersmith performed quite well in 1975, winning a Gold Glove Award and leading the National League in complete games and shutouts, while finishing second in earned run average, he was a valuable talent. He earned offers from six different teams.[8] Messersmith became the first free agent, except for Catfish Hunter who had been declared a 1974 free agent by breach of contract. O'Malley felt the price wars would be the downfall of baseball because the fans only have so much money.[8] The scenario led to an eighteen-day lockout during spring training in 1976 over the prospect of dozens of players playing becoming free agents and the inability to redesign the reserve clause.[8]
Death and legacy[link]
O'Malley was diagnosed with cancer, and he sought treatment at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. He died of congestive heart failure on August 9, 1979 at the Methodist Hospital in Rochester, and was buried at Holy Cross Cemetery in Culver City, California.[13][101] His wife Kay had died a few weeks earlier.[102]
At one time, Brooklyn Dodgers fans hated O'Malley so much for moving their beloved team that he was routinely mentioned along with Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin as the most villainous 20th-century men;[26] one version of a joke went, "If a Brooklyn man finds himself in a room with Hitler, Stalin, and O'Malley, but has only two bullets, what does he do? Shoot O'Malley twice."[77][103] Some still consider him among the worst three men of the 20th century.[104] Much of the animosity was not just for moving the team, but robbing Brooklyn of the sense of a cohesive cultural and social identity that a major sports franchise provides.[5][58] Despite the long-standing animosity of Brooklyn fans and their supporters in baseball, O'Malley was posthumously inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 2008 after having been elected by the Veterans Committee with the minimal number of "yea" votes necessary for acceptance.[7]
His legacy is that of changing the mindset of a league whose southernmost and westernmost team was the St. Louis Cardinals. Tommy Lasorda said upon hearing of his election to the Hall, "He's a pioneer. He made a tremendous change in the game, opening up the West Coast to Major League Baseball."[7] When asked how he wanted to be remembered, O'Malley said, "for planting a tree."[7] The tree provided the branches to open up the West Coast to baseball, but O'Malley's son remembers his father's 28 years on Major League Baseball's executive council as service that "was instrumental in the early stages of the game's international growth."[7] His contributions to baseball were widely recognized even before his Hall of Fame election: he was ranked 8th and 11th respectively by ABC Sports and The Sporting News in their lists of the most influential sports figures of the 20th century.[5]
On July 7, 2009, Walter O'Malley was inducted into the Irish American Baseball Hall of Fame along with two other Dodger icons: slugger Steve Garvey and announcer Vin Scully.[105] "Over the years, we have learned more of his decade-long quest to build a new stadium in Brooklyn and about how those efforts were thwarted by city officials. Perhaps this induction will inspire fans who themselves started new lives outside the borough to reconsider their thoughts about Walter O’Malley," said John Mooney, curator of the Irish American Baseball Hall of Fame. "He privately built one of baseball’s more beautiful ballparks, Dodger Stadium, and set attendance records annually. While New York is the home of the Irish American Baseball Hall of Fame, it seeks to honor inductees whose impact was and is national."
O'Malley's detractors say that he was not a visionary for taking baseball west. They say the game was naturally heading toward geographical expansion and O'Malley just an opportunist. Rather than truly being a leader these detractors say his leadership was a manifestation of making the most money.[106]
Popular culture[link]
O'Malley was mentioned several times in Danny Kaye's 1962 song tribute The D-O-D-G-E-R-S Song (Oh, Really? No, O'Malley!), which spins a tale of a fantasy game between the Dodgers and the Giants. At one point, the umpire's call goes against the home team:
- Down in the dugout, Alston glowers
- Up in the booth, Vin Scully frowns;
- Out in the stands, O'Malley grins...
- Attendance 50,000!
- So ....what does O'Malley do? CHARGE!!
Just before the St. Louis Cardinals began a series of games against the Dodgers at Dodger Stadium, in 1963, the Los Angeles Times published a large cartoon, drawn by artist Pete Bentovoja, modeled on the movies about the German submarine captain. The captain is Cards' manager Johnny Keane; his "lieutenant" is Stan Musial. They wear Cardinal uniforms with naval officers' caps bearing the "St.L" emblem. While Keane and Musial are speaking, other crew members load bats, like torpedoes, into torpedo tubes; the bats have players' faces (and names and batting averages) drawn on them. Keane looks through the periscope; the inset shows a battleship with a large head of O'Malley, wearing a naval officers cap bearing the "LA" emblem and puffing a cigar. Keane: "Achtung Shtan [Stan]! I zought ve sunk sem last year?" Musial: "Yavohl, Mein Kommander, Ve vill blast zem vit bigger und better torpedoes zis zeazon!" (The Cards made a terrific drive for the pennant but finished the season six games back of the Dodgers.)
O'Malley was featured prominently in the HBO documentary film Brooklyn Dodgers: Ghosts of Flatbush, which chronicled his executive management of the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers. The documentary focuses on the post World War II glory years of the franchise and presents a compelling case that O'Malley truly wanted to keep the Dodgers in Brooklyn in a stadium near a railroad station, but he was unable to get the proper support from Moses.[103]
Timeline[link]
- 1903 Birth in New York City on October 9
- 1926 Graduation from the University of Pennsylvania
- 1929 Stock Market Crash
- 1930 Law degree from Fordham University
- 1931 Marriage to Katherine Elizabeth Hanson, aka Kay Hanson on September 5
- 1933 Birth of Therese O'Malley, his daughter, on May 16
- 1937 Birth of Peter O'Malley, his son, on December 12
- 1940 Death of Alma Feltner, his mother, on June 1
- 1942 Appointed attorney for the Brooklyn Dodgers
- 1950 President and chief stockholder of Dodgers on October 26
- 1953 Death of Edwin Joseph O'Malley, his father, on April 10
- 1955 Dodgers win World Series
- 1957 Team moved to Los Angeles, California
- 1959 Dodgers win World Series
- 1963 Dodgers win World Series
- 1965 Dodgers win World Series
- 1970 Peter O'Malley, his son, becomes President of Dodgers on March 17
- 1974 Dodgers win National League Championship Series on Walter's 71st birthday
- 1975 O'Malley owns 100% of Dodgers stock
- 1977 Chest surgery in Los Angeles on June 9
- 1979 Death of Kay, his wife, in Los Angeles on July 12
- 1979 Treatment at the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota
- 1979 Death of Walter O'Malley at the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota on August 9[1][101]
- 2007 Elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame on December 3
- 2008 Inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame on July 27
- 2009 Induction into the Irish American Baseball Hall of Fame in New York City on July 7
Notes[link]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Walter O'Malley Biography: Early Years". O'Malley Seidler Partners, LLC. http://www.walteromalley.com/biog_short_page1.php?lang=eng. Retrieved 2007-02-14. "Walter Francis O’Malley, son of Edwin Joseph and Alma Feltner O’Malley, was born in the Bronx, New York on October 9, 1903. ..."
- ^ a b "Baseball Club Holds Edge in Chavez Ravine Test.". The New York Times. 1958-06-04, Wednesday. "The proposal to give the Dodgers a 300-acre baseball stadium site in Chavez Ravine appeared to be winning in Los Angeles' municipal election tonight."
- ^ Zimbalist, Andrew (1997-01-12). "Not Suitable for Families". U.S.News & World Report. U.S. News & World Report. http://www.usnews.com/usnews/culture/articles/970120/archive_006023.htm. Retrieved 2008-04-26.
- ^ Hoffer, Richard (1994-05-09). "Dark Days in La-La Land". Time (Time, Inc.). http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,980664,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-26.
- ^ a b c d e McGookin, Steve (2007-09-28). "Fifty Years Of Loss". Forbes. Forbes.com LLC. http://www.forbes.com/leadership/2007/09/28/baseball-omalley-brooklyn-lead-cx_sm_0928dodgers.html. Retrieved 2008-04-26. [dead link]
- ^ Stout, p. 334.
- ^ a b c d e f Gurnick, Ken (2007-12-03). "O'Malley family rejoices in Hall election". MLB Advanced Media, L.P.. http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20071203&content_id=2315876&vkey=news_mlb&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb. Retrieved 2007-12-08.
- ^ a b c d e f g Phillips, B.J. (1976-04-26). "A New Look for the Old Ball Game". Time (Time, Inc.). http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,879695,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ Wulf, Steve (1997-01-20). "Baseball's Blue Sale". Time (Time, Inc.). http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,985797,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-26.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t "Walter in Wonderland". Time (Time, Inc.). 1958-04-28. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,868429,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-28.
- ^ a b c d Shapiro, p. 22.
- ^ a b c d e Dorinson, Joseph and Joram Warmund, ed. (October 1998). Jackie Robinson: Race, Sports, and the American Dream. M.E. Sharpe. p. 166. ISBN 0-7656-0317-9. http://books.google.com/books?id=2XYLYZJ_JVMC&pg=PP1&dq.
- ^ a b "Walter F. O'Malley, Leader of Dodgers' Move to Los Angeles, Dies at 75.". The New York Times. 1979-08-10. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F30E16F63C5410728DDDA90994D0405B898BF1D3. Retrieved 2007-02-14. "Walter F. O'Malley, the man who took the Dodgers out of Brooklyn and opened the West Coast to major league baseball, died yesterday in Rochester, Minnesota. He was 75 years old. The son of a commissioner of public markets, he attended Jamaica High School in Queens and Culver Military Academy on Indiana, where he played on the baseball team until a broken nose finished his playing career. ..."
- ^ a b c d Golenbock, p. 85.
- ^ a b c Boxerman, Burton A. (2003). Ebbets to Veeck to Busch: Eight Owners Who Shaped Baseball. ISBN 0-7864-1562-2. http://books.google.com/books?id=YBdRu_j0kcIC&pg=PA99&dq=New+York+Telephone+Company+Walter+O%27malley&ei=VXLHR7f5NpXOywSNnNXOAQ&sig=IEM9_I8wFCWMvGbASNxtrrTqZAU. "... the Board of Education and the New York Telephone Company. After the partnership dissolved, Walter O'Malley started WF O'Malley Engineering Company. ..."
- ^ Shapiro, p. 23.
- ^ 1931 New York City Marriage Index
- ^ "Daughter to Mrs. W.F. O'Malley.". The New York Times. 1933-05-24.
- ^ "Terry O'Malley Seidler. Mother of 10, She Manages to Get By.". Los Angeles Times. 1981-04-15. "Terry O'Malley Seidler, mother of 10, is a transplanted Brooklyn woman who owns half of the Dodgers. She is known in the National League as the other O'Malley. Her brother Peter, who also owns half, is the president of the club and runs it."
- ^ "Son Born to Walter O'Malleys.". The New York Times. 1937-12-25, Saturday.
- ^ "Kay O'Malley, 72, Wife of Dodgers Owner, Dies". Los Angeles Times. 1979-07-14. "Kay O'Malley, wife of board chairman Walter F. O'Malley of the Los Angeles Dodgers, died at her Hancock Park home Thursday evening of acute cardiorespiratory arrest."
- ^ a b c Shapiro, p. 20.
- ^ Shapiro, p. 21.
- ^ a b c Shapiro, p. 24.
- ^ Shapiro, p. 25.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Walter O'Malley". BaseballLibrary.com. http://www.baseballlibrary.com/ballplayers/player.php?name=Walter_OMalley_1903. Retrieved 2008-01-23. "Under the ownership of Walter O'Malley, who became the National League's most influential owner, the Los Angeles Dodgers became the most prosperous and most stable franchise in major-league baseball."
- ^ Marzano, pp. 86–87.
- ^ a b c "Dodgertown". O'Malley Seidler Partners, LLC. http://www.walteromalley.com/hist_dtown_page6.php. Retrieved 2008-01-24.
- ^ Stout, p. 120.
- ^ Golenbock, p. 84.
- ^ Golenbock, p. 203.
- ^ Dorinson, Joseph and Joram Warmund, ed. (October 1998). Jackie Robinson: Race, Sports, and the American Dream. M.E. Sharpe. p. 172. ISBN 0-7656-0317-9. http://books.google.com/books?id=2XYLYZJ_JVMC&pg=PP1&dq.
- ^ a b c Golenbock, p. 105.
- ^ Marzano, pp. 123–124.
- ^ Golenbock, p. 249.
- ^ Golenbock, p. 250.
- ^ a b Dorinson, Joseph and Joram Warmund, ed. (October 1998). Jackie Robinson: Race, Sports, and the American Dream. M.E. Sharpe. p. 168. ISBN 0-7656-0317-9. http://books.google.com/books?id=2XYLYZJ_JVMC&pg=PP1&dq.
- ^ Stout, p. 164-7.
- ^ Golenbock, p. 251.
- ^ "O'Malley Elected To Succeed Rickey As Dodger President. Rickey Congratulates His Successor.". The New York Times. 1950-10-27. "Branch Rickey, baseball's 69 year-old wizard, "resigned" the presidency of the Brooklyn Dodgers yesterday and Walter F. O'Malley, 47-year-old Brooklyn lawyer, was elected to succeed him."
- ^ Golenback, p. 302.
- ^ Prince, p. 23.
- ^ Prince, p. 62-63.
- ^ Prince, p. 30.
- ^ Prince, p. 31.
- ^ Sullivan, p. 77.
- ^ Golenbock, p. 270.
- ^ Stout, p. 160.
- ^ Golenbock, p. 373.
- ^ Golenbock, p. 385.
- ^ Golenbock, p. 424.
- ^ "Hey King". Time (Time, Inc.). 1952-08-25. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,816773-1,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ "Mr. Cool & the Pros". Time (Time, Inc.). 1965-10-22. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,941423,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ "Double Trouble". Time (Time, Inc.). 1955-06-06. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,807190,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ Prince, p. 64-65
- ^ "September Habit". Time (Time, Inc.). 1955-09-19. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,865228,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ Kahn, Roger (1972). The Boys of Summer. Harper & Row. ISBN 06-012239-0. pp. xv–xvi.
- ^ a b Sam Anderson (2007-09-17). "Exorcising the Dodgers". New York. http://nymag.com/news/sports/37643/. Retrieved 2008-02-08.
- ^ "The Dodgers' Dome" from "Events and Discoveries", Sports Illustrated, Oct. 31, 1955, pp13-14
- ^ Prince, p. 63
- ^ Corliss, Richard (1992-08-24). "Build It, and They (Will) MIGHT Come". Time (Time, Inc.). http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,976297,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-26.
- ^ a b Sullivan, p. 95.
- ^ Sullivan, p. 128.
- ^ a b Golenbock, p. 432.
- ^ "The Dodgers Settle Down at Last in Chavez Ravine". The New York Times. 1962-04-10, Tuesday. "Los Angeles, April 9, 1962 (United Press International) Eager citizens, proud civic leaders and jubilant baseball dignitaries today joined to dedicate the Los Angeles Dodgers' new multimillion-dollar 56,000-seat stadium in Chavez Ravine."
- ^ Prince, p. 108.
- ^ Prince, p. 145.
- ^ a b Marzano, p. 203.
- ^ Sullivan, p. 36.
- ^ "Veterans elect five into Hall of Fame: Two managers, three executives comprise Class of 2008". National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, Inc.. 2007-12-03. Archived from the original on December 4, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071204185637/http://web.baseballhalloffame.org/news/article.jsp?ymd=20071203&content_id=5714&vkey=hof_pr. Retrieved 2008-01-19.
- ^ "Worldwide Timetable" (PDF). American Airlines. 2007-11-01. http://www.aatimetable.com/aa.pdf. Retrieved 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Identifying Locations". colostate.edu. Archived from the original on February 8, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080208115342/http://welcome.warnercnr.colostate.edu/class_info/nr502/lg1/map_projections/latitude_longitude.html. Retrieved 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Metropolitan Stadium / Minnesota Twins / 1961–1981". Ballpark Digest. Archived from the original on May 12, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080512003338/http://www.ballparkwatch.com/stadiums/past/metropolitan_stadium.htm. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
- ^ "Scoreboard". Time (Time, Inc.). 1957-05-20. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,809519,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ "Walter O'Malley". Time (Time, Inc.). 1958-04-28. http://www.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19580428,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-28.
- ^ "Sporting Cartoons". Time (Time, Inc.). 1958-08-25. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,868739,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ a b Streisand, Betsy (2007-08-05). "L.A., Here They Came: The Dodgers move to California, and the world follows". U.S. News & World Report. U.S.News & World Report, L.P. http://www-origin.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/070805/13west.htm. Retrieved 2008-04-26.
- ^ "Ravine Roadblock". Time (Time, Inc.). 1958-07-28. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,810456,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ "Relief Pitcher". Time (Time, Inc.). 1958-06-16. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,863501,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ "Charge!". Time (Time, Inc.). 1959-08-03. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,825831,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ Golenbock, p. 442.
- ^ Samuelsen, Rube (1957-10-16). "L.A. Council Invites Bums To Play Ball.". The Sporting News.
- ^ "Scoreboard". Time (Time, Inc.). 1958-01-27. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,864190,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ Perlmutter, Emanuel (1957-10-10). "Mayor Is Blamed For Dodger Move. City Administration Scored By G.O.P. O'Malley Tie To Transit Unit Cited Authority Defends Contract.". The New York Times. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60E14FF3A5A177B93C2A8178BD95F438585F9. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
- ^ Whiting, Robert (2001-04-30). "Batting Out Of Their League". Timeasia.com. Archived from the original on April 4, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080404120006/http://www.time.com/time/asia/features/japan_view/baseball.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ Prince. p. 64.
- ^ "Off to Splitsville". Time (Time, Inc.). 1968-06-07. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,838429,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ "Boss of the Babes". Time (Time, Inc.). 1973-08-06. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,904026,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ Golenbock, p. 437-8.
- ^ "Managers Are Expendable". Time (Time, Inc.). 1953-10-26. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,819014,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ a b Golenbock, p. 370.
- ^ Golenback, p. 366-7.
- ^ a b c d "Sic Transit Tradition". Time (Time, Inc.). 1966-04-08. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,835304,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ a b c "Double Play". Time (Time, Inc.). 1966-03-25. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,842547,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ a b Phillips, B.J. (1977-10-24). "Nice Guys Always Finish . . . ?". Time (Time, Inc.). http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,915703,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ "Down Go the Mighty". Time (Time, Inc.). 1966-12-16. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,836672,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
- ^ "Peter O'Malley, 30-year old son of the president, Walter F. O'Malley, was promoted today to the post of executive vice president of the Los Angeles Dodgers.". The New York Times. 1968-12-19.
- ^ "Baseball's Blue Sale". Time. January 20, 1997. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,985797,00.html. Retrieved 2007-08-21. "By transplanting the beloved Bums to California in 1958, the unsentimental Walter O'Malley had ushered the era of Big Business into baseball; last week Peter claimed that the current game's corporate-scale economics were forcing him to sell."
- ^ "The Dodgers: No Longer Seeing Red". Time (Time, Inc.). 1977-05-23. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,911986-1,00.html. Retrieved 2008-05-01.
- ^ Marzano, p. 93.
- ^ a b "Walter O'Malley, Owner of Dodgers, Dies at 75. Considered One of Baseball's Most Powerful Men, He Brought His Team to Los Angeles in 1958.". Los Angeles Times. August 9, 1979. "Walter Francis O'Malley, the man who brought the Dodgers to Los Angeles, died Thursday of congestive heart failure. He was 75."
- ^ "Walter O'Malley, chairman of the board of the Los Angeles Dodgers, was admitted to Methodist Hospital in Rochester.". Associated Press in The New York Times. 1978-02-24. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60A12FA3E5413728DDDAD0A94DA405B888BF1D3. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
- ^ a b Starr, Mark (2007-07-11). "The Bums Are Still a Rush". Newsweek. Newsweek, Inc.. http://www.newsweek.com/id/33142. Retrieved 2008-04-26. [dead link]
- ^ Coatney, Mark (1997-01-07). "No Breaks in Brooklyn". Time (Time, Inc.). http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,7452,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-26.
- ^ Healey, Mark (2009-07-06). "Irish Baseball Hall Of Fame To Induct O’Malley". Baseball Digest. http://baseballdigest.com/featured/2009/irish-baseball-hall-of-fame-to-induct-omalley/. Retrieved 2009-07-08.
- ^ Stout, p. 334-5.
Further reading[link]
- Dorinson, Joseph and Joram Warmund, ed. (October 1998). Jackie Robinson: Race, Sports, and the American Dream. M.E. Sharpe. pp. 166–168. ISBN 0-7656-0317-9. , accessed online at google books on 2008-01-24
- Golenbock, Peter, Bums: An Oral History of the Brooklyn Dodgers, G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1984, New York, ISBN 0-399-12846-8.
- Marzano, Rudy, The Brooklyn Dodgers in the 1940s: How Robinson, MacPhail, Reiser and Rickey Changed Baseball, McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers, 2005, Jefferson, North Carolina, ISBN 0-7864-1987-3.
- Prince, Carl E., Brooklyn's Dodgers: The Bums, The Borough and the Best of Baseball 1947–1957, Oxford University Press, 1996, New York, ISBN 0-19-509927-3.
- Shapiro, Michael, The Last Good Season: Brooklyn, the Dodgers, and Their Final Penant Race Together, Doubleday, 2003, New York, ISBN 0-385-50152-8.
- Stout, Glenn (Richard A. Johnson photos and editing), The Dodgers: 120 Years of Dodgers Baseball, Houghton Mifflin Company, 2004, Boston/New York, ISBN 0-618-21355-4.
- Sullivan, Neil J., The Dodgers Move West, Oxford University Press, 1987, New York, ISBN 0-19-504366-9.
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Walter Francis O'Malley |
- Walter O'Malley at the Baseball Hall of Fame
- Official website: Walter O'Malley
- Baseball Hall of Fame – 2008 inductee profile
- SABR biography
- O'Malley had great respect for Hall of Fame
- Hall of Fame induction: O'Malley leaves bi-coastal legacy
- Baseball Hall of Fame – 2007 Veterans Committee candidate profile at the Internet Archive
- Walter O'Malley at BaseballLibrary
- Brooklyn Dodgers section of "Baseball Fever"; reveals how much, to this day, Dodgers are missed in their original home, and how passionate Brooklyn Dodgers fans still are about the Brooklyn Dodgers, and resentful towards O'Malley and the National League team that plays in Los Angeles
- Walter O'Malley at Encyclopædia Britannica
- FindAGrave: Walter's mother: Alma Feltner
- FindAGrave: Walter's father: Edwin O'Malley
- FindAGrave: Walter's uncle: Joseph O'Malley
- Wikia Genealogy: Walter O'Malley
- O'Malley archive at Los Angeles Times
| Preceded by Branch Rickey |
President of the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers 1950–1970 |
Succeeded by Peter O'Malley |
| Preceded by none |
Chairman of the Los Angeles Dodgers 1970–1979 |
Succeeded by Peter O'Malley |
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Walter O'Malley |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | Major League Baseball Owner, Business Executive, Lawyer |
| Date of birth | October 9, 1903 |
| Place of birth | Bronx, New York |
| Date of death | August 9, 1979 |
| Place of death | Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota |
http://wn.com/Walter_O'Malley
Related pages:
http://fr.wn.com/Walter O'Malley
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_O'Malley
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Preacher Roe | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Pitcher | |
| Born: (1916-02-26)February 26, 1916 Ash Flat, Arkansas |
|
| Died: November 9, 2008(2008-11-09) (aged 92) West Plains, Missouri |
|
| Batted: Right | Threw: Left |
| MLB debut | |
| August 22, 1938 for the St. Louis Cardinals | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| September 4, 1954 for the Brooklyn Dodgers | |
| Career statistics | |
| Win–Loss record | 127–84 |
| Earned run average | 3.43 |
| Strikeouts | 956 |
| Teams | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
Elwin Charles Roe (known as Preacher Roe) (February 26, 1916 – November 9, 2008) was a Major League Baseball pitcher for the St. Louis Cardinals (1938), Pittsburgh Pirates (1944–1947), and Brooklyn Dodgers (1948–1954).
Contents |
Early years[link]
Roe was born on February 26, 1916, in Ash Flat, Arkansas and grew up in Viola, Arkansas. The nickname "Preacher" came at age 3 when an uncle asked his name and Roe responded "preacher" because of a minister who would take him on horse-and-buggy rides. Roe attended Harding College (now University).[1] At Harding, in a thirteen-inning game in 1937, Roe gained national attention by striking out twenty-six batters.
Major League Baseball[link]
St. Louis Cardinals[link]
In the summer of 1938, Roe was signed by Branch Rickey, then general manager for the St. Louis Cardinals. Roe pitched in one game for the team that season, giving up six hits, two walks and four runs in 2⅔ innings. He spent the next five seasons in the Cardinals' minor league system before being traded to the Pittsburgh Pirates on September 30, 1943 in exchange for pitcher Johnny Podgajny, outfielder Johnny Wyrostek and cash.[2]
Pittsburgh Pirates[link]
As a fastball pitcher with the Pirates, Roe had a record of 13-11 with a 3.11 earned run average in 1944 and a 14-13 record with a 2.87 ERA in 1945. His 148 strikeouts in the 1945 season led the National League and he was selected for (but did not play in) the 1945 All-Star Game.[2] While coaching high school basketball after the 1945 season, Roe fractured his skull in a fight with a referee.[1] His pitching suffered in the following seasons, with Roe's record falling to 3-8 and an ERA of 5.14 in 1946 and deteriorated further in 1947, as he finished the season with a record of 4-15 and an ERA of 5.25.[2]
Ralph Kiner, he said, stood in a hole in the outfield. He caught balls hit to his hole but otherwise did not field. One can get a great flavor of 'Ole Preach', as he was called, by reading Roger Kahn's book The Boys of Summer.
Brooklyn Dodgers[link]
Branch Rickey, the general manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers, remembered Roe from Rickey's time in the Cardinals' management and engineered a trade.[1] On December 8, 1947, the Dodgers got Roe, and infielders Billy Cox and Gene Mauch in exchange for pitchers Hal Gregg and Vic Lombardi and outfielder Dixie Walker.[1][2]
With his health improving and with the spitball now in his repertoire, Roe had much success with the Dodgers, including winning records in his first six seasons with the team.[1] Roe finished the 1948 season with a record of 12-8 and an ERA of 2.63.[2]
Selected to play in the 1949 All-Star Game, Roe pitched in the ninth inning, retiring all three batters he faced.[3] He improved further in the 1949 season, finishing with a 15-6 record and a 2.79 ERA.[2] He pitched for the first time in the postseason in the 1949 World Series, winning Game 2 with a six-hit complete game shutout against the New York Yankees that the Dodgers won 1-0, their only win in the five game series.[4]
He posted an exceptional 22-3 won-loss record for the Dodgers in 1951.
Roe was an exceptional pitcher, but notorious as a poor hitter, finishing his career with a .110 batting average.[2] In 1953, he hit a home run at Forbes Field in Pittsburgh, the only one of his career, causing fans to roar in surprise and delight. Dodger broadcaster Red Barber told his radio audience, "Well, old Number 28 has hit a home run, and we'll never hear the end of it, folks!"
Preacher was still pitching in the majors at age 39, unusual at the time, and was the third-oldest player in the National League in the 1954 season, his last in the majors.[5] When asked to explain his longevity, he replied "Clean livin' and the spitball." He described his methodology in a 1955 article in Sports Illustrated, "The Outlawed Spitball Was My Money Pitch", published a year after he retired.[1][6]
Roe's overall career statistics were hurt by the fact that he was away from baseball during World War II and that for two of the years he pitched for the Pirates they were among the worst teams in the National League. Contrasting the fielding of the Dodgers and the Pirates, he once said that a pitcher should pay to pitch for the Dodgers, whereas the Pirates' second baseman and shortstop were like goalposts with the ball bouncing between them. After being taken out of a game in the second inning, Roe commented that, "Sometimes you eat the bear and sometimes the bear eats you."
After baseball[link]
Preacher Roe lived in West Plains, Missouri, where for many years he operated a small grocery store and also has a street named after him (Preacher Roe Boulevard), which included US 160 north of the US 63 bypass until the city rerouted US 160 and Route 17 around 2000. US 160 still runs as Preacher Roe Boulevard south of US 63.
A community ball field in Salem, Fulton County, Arkansas, 18 miles from Roe's birthplace of Ash Flat, is known as Preacher Roe Park.
The book Carl Erskine's Tales from the Dodgers Dugout: Extra Innings (2004) includes short stories from former Dodger pitcher Carl Erskine. Roe is prominent in many of these stories.
Roe died on November 9, 2008, from colon cancer.[7]
See also[link]
- List of Major League Baseball strikeout champions
- List of Major League Baseball leaders in career wins
References[link]
- ^ a b c d e f Goldstein, Richard. "Preacher Roe, Brooklyn Dodgers Star Known for His Spitball, Dies at 92", The New York Times, November 10, 2008. Accessed November 10, 2008.
- ^ a b c d e f g Preacher Roe, Baseball-Reference. Accessed November 11, 2008.
- ^ Jul 12, 1949, All-Star Game Play by Play and Box Score, Baseball-Reference. Accessed November 11, 2008.
- ^ 1949 World Series, Baseball-Reference. Accessed November 11, 2008.
- ^ 1954 National League Expanded Leaderboards, Baseball-Reference. Accessed November 11, 2008.
- ^ 'The Outlawed Spitball Was My Money Pitch', Sports Illustrated. Accessed August 31, 2011
- ^ "Southpaw Preacher Roe; One of 'Boys of Summer'". Washington Post. 2008-11-12. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/11/11/AR2008111102484.html. Retrieved 2010-10-20.
External links[link]
- Official Website
- Preacher Roe at Find a Grave
- Preacher Roe at Baseball Reference
- Preacher Roe at Baseball Mogul
- AP Obit in the LA Times
| Preceded by Carl Erskine |
Brooklyn Dodgers Opening Day Starting pitcher 1952 |
Succeeded by Carl Erskine |
| Preceded by Bill Voiselle |
National League Strikeout Champion 1945 |
Succeeded by Johnny Schmitz |
|
|||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Roe, Preacher |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | American baseball player |
| Date of birth | February 26, 1916 |
| Place of birth | Ash Flat, Arkansas |
| Date of death | November 9, 2008 |
| Place of death | West Plains, Missouri |
http://wn.com/Preacher_Roe
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preacher_Roe
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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Wiki Summary
Ebbets Field was a Major League Baseball park located in the Flatbush section of Brooklyn, New York, USA, on a city block which is now considered to be part of the Crown Heights neighborhood. It was the home of the Brooklyn Dodgers of the National League. It was also a venue for professional football. The first National Football League team in New York City, the New York Brickley Giants used the stadium in 1921, as did the NFL's Brooklyn Lions in 1926. Two different incarnations of a Brooklyn Dodgers football team also used Ebbets Field as their home stadium, as did the Brooklyn Tigers of the second AFL before they moved to Rochester in November 1936. The field was demolished in 1960 and replaced with apartment buildings.
Ebbets Field was on the block bound by Bedford Avenue, Sullivan Place, McKeever Place, and Montgomery Street. After locating the prospective new site to build a permanent stadium to replace the old, wooden Washington Park, club owner Charlie Ebbets acquired the property over several years, starting in 1908, by buying parcels of land until he owned the entire block. This land included the site of a garbage dump called Pigtown, because of the pigs that once ate their fill there and the stench that filled the air. In 1912, construction began, and a year later, Pigtown had been transformed into Ebbets Field, where some of the game's greatest drama would take place.
