 "Pin It")
- published: 15 Aug 2008
- views: 18066
- author: PierreSuburban
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Argentina
Argentina
i/ˌɑrdʒənˈtiːnə/, officially the Argentine Republic (Spanish: República Argentina [reˈpuβlika aɾxenˈtina]), is a country in South America, the continent's second largest by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. It is the eighth-largest country in the world by land area and the largest among Spanish-speaking nations.
Argentina's continental area is between the Andes mountain range in the west and the Atlantic Ocean in the east. It borders Paraguay and Bolivia to the north, Brazil and Uruguay to the northeast, and Chile to the west and south. Argentine claims over Antarctica, as well as overlapping claims made by Chile and the United Kingdom, are suspended by the Antarctic Treaty of 1961. Argentina also claims the Falkland Islands (Spanish: Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, which are administered by the United Kingdom as British Overseas Territories.
A recognised middle power, Argentina is Latin America's third-largest economy, with a "very high" rating on the Human development index. Within Latin America, Argentina has the fifth highest nominal GDP per capita and the highest in purchasing power terms. Analysts have argued that the country has a "foundation for future growth due to its market size, levels of foreign direct investment, and percentage of high-tech exports as share of total manufactured goods", and it is classed by investors as middle emerging economy. Argentina is a founding member of the United Nations, Mercosur, the Union of South American Nations, the Organization of Ibero-American States, the World Bank Group and the World Trade Organization, and is one of the G-15 and G-20 major economies.
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Australia
Australia (
/əˈstreɪljə/), officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent as well as the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. Neighbouring countries include Indonesia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea to the north; the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and New Caledonia to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east.
For at least 40,000 years before European settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who belonged to one or more of roughly 250 language groups. After discovery by Dutch explorers in 1606, Australia's eastern half was claimed by Great Britain in 1770 and settled through penal transportation to the colony of New South Wales from 26 January 1788. The population grew steadily in subsequent decades; the continent was explored and an additional five self-governing Crown Colonies were established.
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Austria
Austria (i/ˈɒstriə/ or /ˈɔːstriə/; German: Österreich [ˈøːstɐˌʁaɪç] (
listen)), officially the Republic of Austria (German: Republik Österreich (help·info)), is a landlocked country of roughly 8.47 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Hungary and Slovakia to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The territory of Austria covers 83,855 square kilometres (32,377 sq mi) and has a temperate and alpine climate. Austria's terrain is highly mountainous due to the presence of the Alps; only 32% of the country is below 500 metres (1,640 ft), and its highest point is 3,798 metres (12,461 ft). The majority of the population speak local Austro-Bavarian dialects of German as their native language, and German in its standard form is the country's official language. Other local official languages are Burgenland Croatian, Hungarian and Slovene.
The origins of modern-day Austria date back to the time of the Habsburg dynasty when the vast majority of the country was a part of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Austria became one of the great powers of Europe and, in response to the coronation of Napoleon I as the Emperor of the French, the Austrian Empire was officially proclaimed in 1804. In 1867, the Austrian Empire was reformed into Austria-Hungary.
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Belgium
Belgium (i/ˈbɛldʒəm/ BEL-jəm), officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO. Belgium covers an area of 30,528 square kilometres (11,787 sq mi), and it has a population of about 11 million people. Straddling the cultural boundary between Germanic and Latin Europe, Belgium is home to two main linguistic groups, the Dutch-speakers, mostly Flemish (about 60%), and the French-speakers, mostly Walloons (about 40%), plus a small group of German-speakers. Belgium's two largest regions are the Dutch-speaking region of Flanders in the north and the French-speaking southern region of Wallonia. The Brussels-Capital Region, officially bilingual, is a mostly French-speaking enclave within the Flemish Region. A German-speaking Community exists in eastern Wallonia. Belgium's linguistic diversity and related political conflicts are reflected in the political history and a complex system of government.
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Brazil
Brazili/brəˈzɪl/ (Portuguese: Brasil, IPA: [bɾaˈziw]), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: República Federativa do Brasil, listen (help·info)), is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people. It is the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas and the largest lusophone country in the world.
Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of 7,491 km (4,655 mi). It is bordered on the north by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and the French overseas region of French Guiana; on the northwest by Colombia; on the west by Bolivia and Peru; on the southwest by Argentina and Paraguay and on the south by Uruguay. Numerous archipelagos form part of Brazilian territory, such as Fernando de Noronha, Rocas Atoll, Saint Peter and Paul Rocks, and Trindade and Martim Vaz. It borders all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile.
Brazil was a colony of Portugal from the landing of Pedro Álvares Cabral in 1500 until 1815, when it was elevated to the rank of kingdom and the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves was formed. The colonial bond was in fact broken in 1808, when the capital of the Portuguese colonial empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro, after Napoleon invaded Portugal.Independence was achieved in 1822 with the formation of the Empire of Brazil, a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system. The country became a presidential republic in 1889, when a military coup d'état proclaimed the Republic, although the bicameral legislature, now called Congress, dates back to the ratification of the first constitution in 1824. Its current Constitution, formulated in 1988, defines Brazil as a Federal Republic. The Federation is formed by the union of the Federal District, the 26 States, and the 5,564 Municipalities.
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Broadway theatre
Broadway theatre, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 40 professional theatres with 500 or more seats located in the Theatre District centered along Broadway, and in Lincoln Center, in Manhattan in New York City. Along with London's West End theatre, Broadway theatre is widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world.
The Broadway theatre district is a popular tourist attraction in New York. According to The Broadway League, Broadway shows sold approximately $1.081 billion worth of tickets in calendar year 2011, compared with $1.037 billion for 2010. Attendance in 2011 was 12.13 million.
New York did not have a significant theatre presence until about 1750, when actor-managers Walter Murray and Thomas Kean established a resident theatre company at the Theatre on Nassau Street, which held about 280 people. They presented Shakespeare plays and ballad operas such as The Beggar's Opera. In 1752, William Hallam sent a company of twelve actors from Britain to the colonies with his brother Lewis as their manager. They established a theatre in Williamsburg, Virginia and opened with The Merchant of Venice and The Anatomist. The company moved to New York in the summer of 1753, performing ballad operas and ballad-farces like Damon and Phillida. The Revolutionary War suspended theatre in New York, but thereafter theatre resumed in 1798, the year the 2,000-seat Park Theatre was built on Chatham Street (now called Park Row). The Bowery Theatre opened in 1826, followed by others. Blackface minstrel shows, a distinctly American form of entertainment, became popular in the 1830s, and especially so with the arrival of the Virginia Minstrels in the 1840s.
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Canada
Canada ( /ˈkænədə/) is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean. Spanning over 9,900,000 km2 (3,800,000 sq mi), Canada is the world's second-largest country by total area, and its common border with the United States is the longest land border in the world.
The land that is now Canada has been inhabited for millennia by various Aboriginal peoples. Beginning in the late 15th century, British and French colonial expeditions explored, and later settled, along the region's Atlantic coast. France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy; the Canada Act 1982 severed the vestiges of legal dependence on Britain.
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Christchurch
Christchurch ( /ˈkraɪstʃɜrtʃ/, KRYS-church; Māori: Ōtautahi) is the largest city in the South Island of New Zealand, and the country's third-largest urban area. It lies one third of the way down the South Island's east coast, just north of Banks Peninsula which itself, since 2006, lies within the formal limits of Christchurch.
The city was named by the Canterbury Association, which settled the surrounding province of Canterbury. The name of Christchurch was agreed on at the first meeting of the association on 27 March 1848. It was suggested by John Robert Godley, who had attended Christ Church, Oxford. Some early writers called the town Christ Church, but it was recorded as Christchurch in the minutes of the management committee of the association. Christchurch became a city by Royal Charter on 31 July 1856, making it officially the oldest established city in New Zealand.
The river that flows through the centre of the city (its banks now largely forming an urban park) was named Avon at the request of the pioneering Deans brothers to commemorate the Scottish Avon, which rises in the Ayrshire hills near what was their grandfathers' farm and flows into the Clyde.
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Colombia
Colombia (
/kəˈlʌmbiə/ kə-LUM-biə, or /kəˈlɒmbiə/ kə-LOM-biə), officially the Republic of Colombia (Spanish: República de Colombia [reˈpuβlika ðe koˈlombja]), is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the northwest by Panama; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. Colombia has maritime borders with Ecuador, Panama, Venezuela, Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica. Colombia is the 26th largest country by area and the fourth largest in South America after Brazil, Argentina and Peru. With over 46 million people, Colombia is the 27th largest country in the world by population and has the second largest population of any Spanish-speaking country in the world, after Mexico. Colombia is a middle power, with the fourth largest economy in Latin America, and the third largest in South America. Colombia is famous for the production of coffee, flowers, emeralds, coal, and oil. All of these products make up the primary sector of economy.
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Ecuador
Ecuador (i/ˈɛkwədɔr/ E-kwə-dawr), officially the Republic of Ecuador (Spanish: República del Ecuador [reˈpuβlika ðel ekwaˈðor], which literally translates to the "Republic of the Equator") is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, (along with Chile), that do not have a border with Brazil. The country also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) west of the mainland.
The main spoken language in Ecuador is Spanish. Ecuador straddles the equator, from which it takes its name, and has an area of 275,830 km2 (106,500 sq mi). Its capital city is Quito, which was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in the 1970s for having the best preserved and least altered historic center in Latin America. The country's largest city is Guayaquil. The historic center of Cuenca, the third largest city in the country, was also declared a World Heritage Site in 1999, for being an outstanding example of a planned inland Spanish style colonial city in the Americas. Ecuador is also home—despite its size—to a great variety of species, many of them endemic, like those of the Galápagos islands. This species diversity makes Ecuador one of the 17 megadiverse countries in the world. The new constitution of 2008 is the first in the world to recognize legally enforceable Rights of Nature, or ecosystem rights.
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Estonia
Estonia
i/ɨsˈtoʊniə/ (Estonian: Eesti), officially the Republic of Estonia (Estonian: Eesti Vabariik), is a state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia (343 km), and to the east by Lake Peipus and the Russian Federation (338.6 km). Across the Baltic Sea lies Sweden in the west and Finland in the north. The territory of Estonia covers 45,227 km2 (17,462 sq mi), and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. The Estonians are a Finnic people, and the official language, Estonian, is closely related to Finnish.
Estonia is a democratic parliamentary republic divided into 15 counties. The capital and largest city is Tallinn. With a population of 1.29 million, it is one of the least-populous members of the European Union, Eurozone and NATO. Estonia has the highest GDP per person among former Soviet republics. Estonia is listed as a "High-Income Economy" by the World Bank and as an "advanced economy" by the International Monetary Fund; the country is an OECD member. The United Nations lists Estonia as a developed country with a Human Development Index of "Very High". The country is also ranked highly for press freedom, economic freedom, democracy and political freedom and education.
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Finland
Coordinates: 65°N 27°E / 65°N 027°E / 65; 027
Finlandi/ˈfɪnlənd/ ( Finnish: Suomi; Swedish: Finland (help·info)), officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.
Around 5.4 million people reside in Finland, with the majority concentrated in the southern region. It is the eighth largest country in Europe in terms of area and the most sparsely populated country in the European Union. Finland is a parliamentary republic with a central government based in Helsinki and local governments in 336 municipalities, and an autonomous region of the Åland Islands. About one million residents live in the Greater Helsinki area, which consists of Helsinki, Espoo, Kauniainen and Vantaa, and a third of the country's GDP is produced there. Other larger cities include Tampere, Turku, Oulu, Jyväskylä, Lahti and Kuopio.
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France
France (Englishi/ˈfræns/ FRANSS or /ˈfrɑːns/ FRAHNSS; French: [fʁɑ̃s] ( listen)), officially the French Republic (French: République française [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is often referred to as l’Hexagone ("The Hexagon") because of the geometric shape of its territory. It is the largest western European country and it possesses the second-largest exclusive economic zone in the world, covering 11,035,000 km2 (4,260,000 sq mi), just behind that of the United States (11,351,000 km2 / 4,383,000 sq mi).
Over the past 500 years, France has been a major power with strong cultural, economic, military and political influence in Europe and around the world. During the 17th and 18th centuries, France colonised great parts of North America and Southeast Asia; during the 19th and early 20th centuries, France built the second largest colonial empire of the time, including large portions of North, West and Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and many Caribbean and Pacific Islands.
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Germany
Germany (i/ˈdʒɜrməni/), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant] ( listen)), is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state and the largest economy in the European Union. It is one of the major political powers of the European continent and a technological leader in many fields.
A region named Germania, inhabited by several Germanic peoples, was documented before AD 100. During the Migration Period, the Germanic tribes expanded southward, and established successor kingdoms throughout much of Europe. Beginning in the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th century, northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation while southern and western parts remained dominated by Roman Catholic denominations, with the two factions clashing in the Thirty Years' War, marking the beginning of the Catholic–Protestant divide that has characterized German society ever since. Occupied during the Napoleonic Wars, the rise of Pan-Germanism inside the German Confederation resulted in the unification of most of the German states into the German Empire in 1871 which was Prussian dominated. After the German Revolution of 1918–1919 and the subsequent military surrender in World War I, the Empire was replaced by the Weimar Republic in 1918, and partitioned in the Treaty of Versailles. Amidst the Great Depression, the Third Reich was proclaimed in 1933. The latter period was marked by Fascism and World War II. After 1945, Germany was divided by allied occupation, and evolved into two states, East Germany and West Germany. In 1990 Germany was reunified.
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Greece
Greecei/ˈɡriːs/ (Greek: Ελλάδα, Ellada, IPA: [eˈlaða] ( listen) historically in Katharevousa and Ancient Greek: Ἑλλάς, Hellas, IPA: [eˈlas] and [helːás] respectively), officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία, Elliniki Dimokratia, IPA: [eliniˈci ðimokraˈtia]), is a country in Southern Europe, politically considered part of Western Europe.Athens is the capital and the largest city in the country (its urban area also including Piraeus). The population of the country is around 11 million.
Greece has land borders with Albania, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the east. The Aegean Sea lies to the east of mainland Greece, the Ionian Sea to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Greece has the 11th longest coastline in the world at 13,676 km (8,498 mi) in length, featuring a vast number of islands (approximately 1,400, of which 227 are inhabited), including Crete, the Dodecanese, the Cyclades, and the Ionian Islands among others. Eighty percent of Greece consists of mountains, of which Mount Olympus is the highest at 2,917 m (9,570 ft).
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Guatemala
Guatemala (i/ˌɡwɑːtəˈmɑːlə/ GWAH-tə-MAH-lə), officially the Republic of Guatemala (Spanish: República de Guatemala [reˈpuβlika ðe ɣwateˈmala]), is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast. Its area is 108,890 km2 (42,043 mi2) with an estimated population of 13,276,517.
A representative democracy, its capital is Guatemala de la Asunción, also known as Guatemala City. Guatemala's abundance of biologically significant and unique ecosystems contributes to Mesoamerica's designation as a biodiversity hotspot. The former Mayan civilization was a Mesoamerican civilization, which continued throughout the Post-Classic period until the arrival of the Spanish. The Mayas live in Guatemala, Honduras, Belize, the southern part of Mexico and northern parts of El Salvador.
Guatemala became independent from Spain in 1821, joining the Mexican Empire. After it became an independent country in its own right, it was ruled by a series of dictators, assisted by the United Fruit Company. The late 20th century saw Guatemala embroiled in a 36-year-long civil war. Following the war, Guatemala has witnessed both economic growth and successful democratic elections. In the most recent election, held in 2011, Otto Pérez Molina of the Patriotic Party, won the presidency.
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Hungary
Hungaryi/ˈhʌŋɡəri/ (Hungarian: Magyarország [ˈmɒɟɒrorsaːɡ] ( listen)) is a country, which is located in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The country's capital, and largest city, is Budapest. Hungary is a member of the European Union, NATO, the OECD, the Visegrád Group, and is a Schengen state. The official language is Hungarian, also known as Magyar, which is part of the Finno-Ugric group and is the most widely spoken non-Indo-European language in Europe.
Following a Celt (after c. 450 BC) and a Roman (AD 9 - c. 430) period, the foundation of Hungary was laid in the late 9th century by the Hungarian prince Árpád, whose great-grandson Saint Stephen I was crowned with a crown sent by the pope from Rome in 1000 AD. The Kingdom of Hungary lasted for 946 years, and at various points was regarded as one of the cultural centres of the Western world. After about 150 years of partial Ottoman occupation (1541–1699), Hungary was integrated into the Habsburg Monarchy, and later constituted half of the Austro-Hungarian dual monarchy (1867–1918).
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India
India (i/ˈɪndiə/), officially the Republic of India (Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the south-west, and the Bay of Bengal on the south-east, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west;China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north-east; and Burma and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; in addition, India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.
Home to the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation and a region of historic trade routes and vast empires, the Indian subcontinent was identified with its commercial and cultural wealth for much of its long history. Four of the world's major religions—Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism—originated here, whereas Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam arrived in the 1st millennium CE and also helped shape the region's diverse culture. Gradually annexed by and brought under the administration of the British East India Company from the early 18th century and administered directly by the United Kingdom from the mid-19th century, India became an independent nation in 1947 after a struggle for independence that was marked by non-violent resistance led by Mahatma Gandhi.
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Ireland
Coordinates: 53°20′N 08°00′W / 53.333°N 8°W / 53.333; -8
Ireland (pronounced [ˈaɪrlənd] ( listen); Irish: Éire [ˈeːɾʲə] ( listen); Ulster Scots: Airlann or Airlan) is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth. To its east is the larger island of Great Britain, from which it is separated by the Irish Sea.
Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland, which covers just under five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom, which covers the remainder and is located in the northeast of the island. The population of Ireland is approximately 6.4 million. Just under 4.6 million live in the Republic of Ireland and just under 1.8 million live in Northern Ireland.
Relatively low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain epitomise Ireland's geography with several navigable rivers extending inland. The island has lush vegetation, a product of its mild but changeable oceanic climate, which avoids extremes in temperature. Thick woodlands covered the island until the 17th century. Today, it is one of the most deforested areas in Europe. There are twenty-six extant mammal species native to Ireland.
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Israel
Coordinates: 31°N 35°E / 31°N 35°E / 31; 35
Israel, officially the State of Israel ( /ˈɪzriːəl/ or /ˈɪzreɪəl/; Hebrew: מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, Medīnat Yisrā'el, IPA: [me̞diˈnät jisʁäˈʔe̞l] ( listen); Arabic: دَوْلَة إِسْرَائِيل, Dawlat Isrāʼīl, IPA: [dawlat ʔisraːˈʔiːl]), is a parliamentary republic in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan and the West Bank in the east, Egypt and the Gaza Strip on the southwest, and the Gulf of Aqaba in the Red Sea to the south, and it contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area. Israel is defined as a Jewish and Democratic State in its Basic Laws and is the world's only Jewish-majority state.
Following the adoption of a resolution by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 29 November 1947 recommending the adoption and implementation of the United Nations plan to partition Palestine, on 14 May 1948 David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization and president of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, declared the establishment of a Jewish state in Eretz Israel, to be known as the State of Israel, a state independent from the British Mandate for Palestine. Neighboring Arab states invaded the next day in support of the Palestinian Arabs. Israel has since fought several wars with neighboring Arab states, in the course of which it has occupied the West Bank, Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip and the Golan Heights. Portions of these territories, including east Jerusalem, have been annexed by Israel, but the border with the neighboring West Bank has not yet been permanently defined.[neutrality is disputed] Israel has signed peace treaties with Egypt and Jordan, but efforts to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict have so far not resulted in peace.
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Italy
Italyi/ˈɪtəli/ (Italian: Italia [iˈtaːlja]), officially the Italian Republic or the Republic of Italy (Italian: Repubblica italiana), is a unitary parliamentary republic in south-central Europe. To the north, it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south, it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia–the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea–and many other smaller islands. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. The territory of Italy covers some 301,338 km2 (116,347 sq mi) and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 60.6 million inhabitants, it is the fifth most populous country in Europe, and the 23rd most populous in the world.
Rome, the capital of Italy, was for centuries a political and religious centre of Western civilisation as the capital of the Roman Empire and site of the Holy See. After the decline of the Roman Empire, Italy endured numerous invasions by foreign peoples, from Germanic tribes such as the Lombards and Ostrogoths, to the Byzantines and later, the Normans, among others. Centuries later, Italy became the birthplace of Maritime republics and the Renaissance, an immensely fruitful intellectual movement that would prove to be integral in shaping the subsequent course of European thought.
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Japan
Japani/dʒəˈpæn/ (Japanese: 日本 Nihon or Nippon; formally 日本国 Nippon-koku or Nihon-koku, literally the State of Japan) is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin", which is why Japan is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun".
Japan is an archipelago of 6,852 islands. The four largest islands are Honshū, Hokkaidō, Kyūshū and Shikoku, together accounting for ninety-seven percent of Japan's land area. Japan has the world's tenth-largest population, with over 127 million people. The Greater Tokyo Area, which includes the de facto capital city of Tokyo and several surrounding prefectures, is the largest metropolitan area in the world, with over 30 million residents.
Archaeological research indicates that people lived in Japan as early as the Upper Paleolithic period. The first written mention of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 1st century AD. Influence from other nations followed by long periods of isolation has characterized Japan's history. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, victory in the First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War and World War I allowed Japan to expand its empire during a period of increasing militarism. The Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopting its revised constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary constitutional monarchy with an emperor and an elected parliament called the Diet.
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Mexico
Mexico (i/ˈmɛksɨkoʊ/; Spanish: México, IPA: [ˈmexiko] ( listen)), officially the United Mexican States (Spanish: Estados Unidos Mexicanos (help·info)), is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States of America; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost two million square kilometres (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the fifth largest country in the Americas by total area and the thirteenth largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of over 113 million, it is the eleventh most populous country and the most populous Spanish-speaking country. Mexico is a federation comprising thirty-one states and a Federal District, the capital city.
In Pre-Columbian Mexico many cultures matured into advanced civilizations such as the Olmec, the Toltec, the Teotihuacan, the Zapotec, the Maya and the Aztec before the first contact with Europeans. In 1521, Spain conquered and colonized the territory from its base in México-Tenochtitlan, which was administered as the Viceroyalty of New Spain. This territory would eventually become Mexico as the colony's independence was recognized in 1821. The post-independence period was characterized by economic instability, the Mexican-American War and territorial cession to the United States, a civil war, two empires and a domestic dictatorship. The latter led to the Mexican Revolution in 1910, which culminated with the promulgation of the 1917 Constitution and the emergence of the country's current political system. Elections held in July 2000 marked the first time that an opposition party won the presidency from the Institutional Revolutionary Party.
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Miami
Miami ( /maɪˈæmi/ or /maɪˈæmə/) is a city located on the Atlantic coast in southeastern Florida and the county seat of Miami-Dade County, the most populous county in Florida and the eighth-most populous county in the United States with a population of 2,500,625. The 42nd largest city proper in the United States, with a population of 408,568, it is the principal, central, and most populous city of the South Florida metropolitan area, and the most populous metropolis in the Southeastern United States. According to the US Census Bureau, Miami's metro area is the seventh most populous and fifth-largest urban area in the United States, with a population of around 5.5 million.
Miami is a major center and a leader in finance, commerce, culture, media, entertainment, the arts, and international trade. In 2010, Miami was classified as a Alpha- World City in the World Cities Study Group’s inventory. In 2010, Miami ranked seventh in the United States in terms of finance, commerce, culture, entertainment, fashion, education, and other sectors. It ranked thirty-third among global cities. In 2008, Forbes magazine ranked Miami "America's Cleanest City", for its year-round good air quality, vast green spaces, clean drinking water, clean streets and city-wide recycling programs. According to a 2009 UBS study of 73 world cities, Miami was ranked as the richest city in the United States, and the world's fifth-richest city in terms of purchasing power. Miami is nicknamed the "Capital of Latin America", is the 2nd largest U.S. city (after El Paso) with a Spanish-speaking majority, and the largest city with a Cuban-American plurality.
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New Jersey
New Jersey (i/nuː ˈdʒɜrzi/) is a state in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the U.S. state of New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania, and on the southwest by Delaware. New Jersey is the 4th least extensive, but the 11th most populous and the most densely populated of the 50 United States. New Jersey lies mostly within the sprawling metropolitan areas of New York City and Philadelphia. It is also the third wealthiest by 2009–2010 median household income.
The area was inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years, with historical tribes such as the Lenape along the coast. In the early 17th century, the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements. The British later seized control of the region, naming it the Province of New Jersey. It was granted as a colony to Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton. At this time, it was named after the largest of the British Channel Islands, Jersey, Carteret's birthplace. New Jersey was the site of several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War.
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Norway
Norwayi/ˈnɔrweɪ/ (Norwegian: Norge (Bokmål) or Noreg (Nynorsk)), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and the subantarctic Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of 385,252 square kilometres (148,747 sq mi) and a population of about 5 million. It is the second least densely populated country in Europe. The majority of the country shares a border to the east with Sweden; its northernmost region is bordered by Finland to the south and Russia to the east; in its south Norway borders the Skagerrak Strait across from Denmark. The capital city of Norway is Oslo. Norway's extensive coastline, facing the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea, is home to its famous fjords.
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Poland
Polandi/ˈpoʊlənd/ (Polish: Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Polish: Rzeczpospolita Polska; Kashubian: Pòlskô Repùblika; Silesian: Polsko Republika), is a country in Central Europe, bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The total area of Poland is 312,679 square kilometres (120,726 sq mi), making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. Poland has a population of over 38 million people, which makes it the 34th most populous country in the world and the sixth most populous member of the European Union, being its most populous post-communist member. Poland is a unitary state made up of 16 voivodeships. Poland is a member of the European Union, NATO, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Economic Area, International Energy Agency, Council of Europe, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, International Atomic Energy Agency, G6, Council of the Baltic Sea States, Visegrád Group, Weimar Triangle and Schengen Agreement.
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Portugal
Portugali/ˈpɔrtʃʉɡəl/ (Portuguese: Portugal, IPA: [puɾtuˈɣaɫ]), officially the Portuguese Republic (Portuguese: República Portuguesa) is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula . Portugal is the westernmost country of mainland Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira are part of Portugal. The country is named after its second largest city, Porto, whose Latin name was Portus Cale.
The land within the borders of the current Portuguese Republic has been continuously settled since prehistoric times: occupied by Celts like the Gallaeci and the Lusitanians, integrated into the Roman Republic and later settled by Germanic peoples such as the Suebi, Swabians, Vandals and the Visigoths. In the 8th century most of the Iberian Peninsula was conquered by Moorish invaders professing Islam, which were later expelled by the Knights Templar under the Order of Christ. During the Christian Reconquista, Portugal established itself as an independent kingdom from León in 1139, claiming to be the oldest European nation state.
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Russia
Russiai/ˈrʌʃə/ or /ˈrʊʃə/ (Russian: Россия, tr. Rossiya; IPA: [rɐˈsʲijə] ( listen)), also officially known as the Russian Federation (Russian: Российская Федерация, tr. Rossiyskaya Federatsiya; IPA: [rɐˈsʲijskəjə fʲɪdʲɪˈratsɨjə] ( listen)), is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both via Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia, and North Korea. It also has maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk, and the US state of Alaska by the Bering Strait. At 17,075,400 square kilometres (6,592,800 sq mi), Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than one eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area. Russia is also the eighth most populous nation with 143 million people. It extends across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe, spanning nine time zones and incorporating a wide range of environments and landforms. Russia has the world's largest reserves of mineral and energy resources and is the largest producer of oil and natural gas globally. Russia has the world's largest forest reserves and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the world's fresh water.
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South Africa
Coordinates: 30°S 25°E / 30°S 25°E / -30; 25
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa, is a country located at the southern tip of Africa. It is divided into nine provinces and has 2,798 kilometres (1,739 mi) of coastline. To the north of the country lie the neighbouring territories of Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe; to the east are Mozambique and Swaziland; while Lesotho is an enclave surrounded by South African territory.
South Africa is multi-ethnic and has diverse cultures and languages. Eleven official languages are recognised in the constitution. Two of these languages are of European origin: South African English and Afrikaans, a language which originated mainly from Dutch that is spoken by the majority of white and Coloured South Africans. Though English is commonly used in public and commercial life, it is only the fifth most-spoken home language. All ethnic and language groups have political representation in the country's constitutional democracy comprising a parliamentary republic; unlike most parliamentary republics, the positions of head of state and head of government are merged in a parliament-dependent President.
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Spain
Spain (i/ˈspeɪn/ SPAYN; Spanish: España, pronounced: [esˈpaɲa] ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de España), is a sovereign state and a member of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar; to the north and north east by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.
Spanish territory also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the African coast, and two autonomous cities in North Africa, Ceuta and Melilla, that border Morocco. Furthermore, the town of Llívia is a Spanish exclave situated inside French territory. With an area of 504,030 square kilometres (194,610 sq mi), it is the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union after France, and the fourth largest country in Europe after Russia, Ukraine and France.
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Sweden
Sweden (i/ˈswiːdən/ SWEE-dən; Swedish: Sverige [ˈsværjɛ] ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: Konungariket Sverige (help·info)), is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland, and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Øresund.
At 450,295 square kilometres (173,860 sq mi), Sweden is the third largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of about 9.4 million. Sweden has a low population density of 21 inhabitants per square kilometre (54 /sq mi) with the population mostly concentrated to the southern half of the country. About 85% of the population live in urban areas. Sweden's capital city is Stockholm, which is also the largest city.
Sweden emerged as an independent and unified country during the Middle Ages. In the 17th century, the country expanded its territories to form the Swedish Empire. The empire grew to be one of the great powers of Europe in the 17th and early 18th century. Most of the conquered territories outside the Scandinavian Peninsula were lost during the 18th and 19th centuries. The eastern half of Sweden, present-day Finland, was lost to Russia in 1809. The last war in which Sweden was directly involved was in 1814, when Sweden by military means forced Norway into a personal union. Since then, Sweden has been at peace, practicing "non-participation in military alliances during peacetime and neutrality during wartime". However, Sweden has been a member of the European Union since 1 January 1995 and is a member of the OECD.
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Switzerland
Switzerland (German: die Schweiz[ˈʃvaɪts]; French: Suisse [sɥis(ə)]; Italian: Svizzera [ˈzvit͡sːɛra]; Romansh: Svizra [ˈʒviːtsrɐ] or [ˈʒviːtsʁːɐ]), in its full name the Swiss Confederation (Latin: Confoederatio Helvetica, hence its abbreviation CH), is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in western Europe, where it is bordered by Germany to the north, France to the west, Italy to the south, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east.
Switzerland is a landlocked country geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura, spanning an area of 41,285 km2 (15,940 sq mi). While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the Swiss population of approximately 8 million people is concentrated mostly on the Plateau, where the largest cities are to be found. Among them are the two global cities and economic centres of Zurich and Geneva.
The Swiss Confederation has a long history of armed neutrality—it has not been in a state of war internationally since 1815—and did not join the United Nations until 2002. It pursues, however, an active foreign policy and is frequently involved in peace-building processes around the world. Switzerland is also the birthplace of the Red Cross and home to a large number of international organizations, including the second largest UN office. On the European level, it is a founding member of the European Free Trade Association and is part of the Schengen Area – although it is notably not a member of the European Union, nor the European Economic Area.
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Taiwan
Taiwan (i/ˌtaɪˈwɑːn/ TY-WAHN; Chinese: 臺灣 or 台灣; pinyin: Táiwān; see below), officially the Republic of China (ROC; Chinese: 中華民國; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó), is a state in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China now governs the island of Taiwan (formerly known as Formosa), which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and other minor islands. Neighboring states include the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east and northeast, and the Philippines to the south. Taipei is the capital city and economic and cultural centre of the country, and New Taipei is the most populous city.
The earliest evidence of inhabitation of Taiwan dates back to the late Paleolithic era. The island of Taiwan was mainly inhabited by Taiwanese aborigines before being colonized in the 17th century by the Dutch and the Spanish Empire. The first Han Chinese polity on Taiwan began when Koxinga's troops defeated Dutch forces and established the Kingdom of Tungning. The island was subsequently ruled by the Qing Dynasty after the kingdom's defeat in the Battle of Penghu in 1683, a period that lasted for over 200 years. Following Japan's victory over the Qing Dynasty in the first Sino-Japanese war, Taiwan was ceded to Japan under the Treaty of Shimonoseki in 1895.
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Turkey
Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye), known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( Türkiye Cumhuriyeti (help·info)), is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia (mostly in the Anatolian peninsula) and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece to the west; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan (the exclave of Nakhchivan) and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the southeast. The Mediterranean Sea and Cyprus are to the south; the Aegean Sea is to the west; and the Black Sea is to the north. The Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles (which together form the Turkish Straits) demarcate the boundary between East Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia.
Turkey is one of the six independent Turkic states. The vast majority of the population are Muslims. The country's official language is Turkish, whereas Kurdish and Zazaki languages are spoken by Kurds and Zazas, who constitute 18% of the population.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the north-western coast of continental Europe. The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea.
The United Kingdom is a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system, with its seat of government in the capital city of London. It is a country in its own right and consists of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. There are three devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in Belfast, Edinburgh and Cardiff, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Associated with the UK, but not constitutionally part of it, are three Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom has fourteen overseas territories. These are remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in 1922, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface and was the largest empire in history. British influence can still be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former territories.
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United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km2) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.
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Amy Grant
Amy Lee Grant (born November 25, 1960) is an American singer-songwriter, musician, author, media personality and actress, best known for her Christian music. She has been referred to as "The Queen of Christian Pop". As of 2009, Grant remains the best-selling contemporary Christian music singer ever, having sold over 30 million units worldwide.
Grant made her debut as a teenager, and gained fame in Christian music during the 1980s with such hits as "Father's Eyes," "El Shaddai", and "Angels". In 1986, she scored her first Billboard Hot 100 No. 1 song in a duet with Peter Cetera The Next Time I Fall. During the 1980s and 1990s, she became one of the first gospel artists to cross over into mainstream pop on the heels of her successful albums Unguarded and Heart in Motion, the latter of which included the No. 1 single "Baby Baby."
Grant has won six Grammy Awards, 25 Gospel Music Association Dove Awards, and had the first Christian album ever to go Platinum.Heart in Motion is her highest-selling album, with over five million copies sold in the United States alone. She was honored with a star on Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2005 for her contributions to the entertainment industry.
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Andrea Bocelli
Andrea Bocelli, OMRI, OMDSM (Italian pronunciation: [anˈdrɛːa boˈtʃɛlli]; born 22 September 1958) is an Italian tenor, multi-instrumentalist and classical crossover artist. Born with poor eyesight, he became blind at the age of twelve following a football accident.
Since winning the Newcomers section of the Sanremo Music Festival in 1994, Bocelli has recorded thirteen solo studio albums, of both pop and classical music, two greatest hits albums, and eight complete operas, selling over 75 million records worldwide. Thus, he is the biggest-selling solo artist in the history of classical music and has caused core classical repertoire to "cross over" to the top of international pop charts and into previously uncharted territory in popular culture.
In 1998, he was named one of People Magazine's 50 Most Beautiful People. In 1999, his nomination for Best New Artist at the Grammy Awards marked the first, and so far only time a classical artist had been nominated in the category, since Leontyne Price, in 1961.The Prayer, his duet with Celine Dion for the animated film The Quest for Camelot, won the Golden Globe for Best Original Song and was nominated for an Academy Award in the same category. With the release of his classical album, Sacred Arias, Bocelli captured a listing in the Guinness Book of World Records, as he simultaneously held the top 3 positions on the US classical albums charts. Six of his albums have since reached the Top 10 on the Billboard 200, and a record-setting 8, have topped the classical albums charts in the United States.
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Anne Murray
Morna Anne Murray CC ONS (born June 20, 1945) is a multiple award-winning Canadian singer in pop, country and adult contemporary music whose albums have sold over 54 million copies.
Murray was the first Canadian female solo singer to reach #1 on the U.S. charts, and also the first to earn a Gold record for one of her signature songs, "Snowbird" (1970). She is often cited as the woman who paved the way for other Canadian international success stories such as Céline Dion, Sarah McLachlan and Shania Twain. She is also the first woman and the first Canadian to win "Album of the Year" at the Country Music Association Awards for her 1984 album A Little Good News.
Murray has received four Grammy Awards, 24 Juno Awards (she holds the record for the most Junos awarded to an artist), three American Music Awards, three Country Music Association Awards and three Canadian Country Music Association Awards. She has been inducted into the Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame, the Juno Hall of Fame, The Songwriters Hall of Fame and the Hit Parade Hall of Fame. She is a member of the Country Music Hall of Fame Walkway of Stars in Nashville, and has her own star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in Los Angeles and on Canada's Walk of Fame in Toronto.
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Anthony Tommasini
Anthony Tommasini is chief music critic for The New York Times.
Tommasini was born in Brooklyn around 1948 and raised on Long Island. He was admitted to Oberlin College's Conservatory of Music, but chose to matriculate at Yale University in order to obtain a broader liberal arts education. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Yale University in 1970, a Master of Music degree from Yale School of Music, and a Doctor of Musical Arts degree from Boston University in 1982.
Tommasini taught music at Emerson College in Boston and led writing workshops at Wesleyan University and Brandeis University. He was denied tenure at Emerson College and turned to music criticism.
He became a staff writer for the New York Times in 1996 and was promoted to chief classical music critic in 2000.
His mentors include Virgil Thomson, a critic for the New York Herald Tribune, and Richard Dyer, who was the Boston Globe's classical music critic for 33 years.
Tommasini is the author of Virgil Thomson: Composer on the Aisle, which received the 1998 ASCAP-Deems Taylor Award, and Opera: A Critic's Guide to the 100 Most Important Works and the Best Recordings.
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Austria
Austria (i/ˈɒstriə/ or /ˈɔːstriə/; German: Österreich [ˈøːstɐˌʁaɪç] ( listen)), officially the Republic of Austria (German: Republik Österreich (help·info)), is a landlocked country of roughly 8.47 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Hungary and Slovakia to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The territory of Austria covers 83,855 square kilometres (32,377 sq mi) and has a temperate and alpine climate. Austria's terrain is highly mountainous due to the presence of the Alps; only 32% of the country is below 500 metres (1,640 ft), and its highest point is 3,798 metres (12,461 ft). The majority of the population speak local Austro-Bavarian dialects of German as their native language, and German in its standard form is the country's official language. Other local official languages are Burgenland Croatian, Hungarian and Slovene.
The origins of modern-day Austria date back to the time of the Habsburg dynasty when the vast majority of the country was a part of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Austria became one of the great powers of Europe and, in response to the coronation of Napoleon I as the Emperor of the French, the Austrian Empire was officially proclaimed in 1804. In 1867, the Austrian Empire was reformed into Austria-Hungary.
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Billy Ray Cyrus
William "Billy" Ray Cyrus (born August 25, 1961) is an American country music singer, songwriter, actor and philanthropist, who has achieved great success worldwide. Having released twelve studio albums and forty-four singles since 1992, he is best known for his Number One single "Achy Breaky Heart", which became the first single ever to achieve triple Platinum status in Australia. It was also the best-selling single in the same country in 1992. Thanks to the video of this hit, the linedance catapulted into the mainstream, becoming a worldwide craze. Cyrus, a multi-platinum selling recording artist, has scored a total of eight top-ten singles on the Billboard Country Songs chart. His most successful album to date is the debut of Some Gave All, which has been certified 9× Multi-Platinum in the United States and is the longest time spent by a debut artist at Number One on the Billboard 200 (17 consecutive weeks) and most consecutive chart-topping weeks in the SoundScan era. It's the only album (from any genre) in the SoundScan era to log 17 consecutive weeks at Number One and is also the top-ranking debut album by a male country artist. It ranked 43 weeks in the top 10, a total topped by only one country album in history, Ropin' The Wind by Garth Brooks.Some Gave All was also the first debut album to enter at the number 1 in the Billboard Country Albums. The album has also sold more than 20 million copies worldwide and is the Best-selling debut album of all time for a solo male artist. Some Gave All was also the best-selling album of the 1992 in the US with 4,832,000 copies. In his career, he has released 35 charted singles, of which 15 charted in the Top 40.
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Carrie Underwood
Carrie Marie Underwood (born March 10, 1983) is an American country singer, songwriter and actress who rose to fame as the winner of the fourth season of American Idol, in 2005. Underwood has since become a multi-platinum selling recording artist, a winner of several Grammy Awards, Billboard Music Awards and American Music Awards, a Golden Globe Award nominee, a three-time Academy of Country Music and Country Music Association Female Vocalist winner, and a two-time ACM Entertainer of the Year. She is the first-ever female artist to win back-to-back Academy of Country Music (ACM) Awards for Entertainer of the Year (2009/10). Underwood was inducted into and became a member of the Grand Ole Opry in 2008. She was also inducted into the Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame in 2009.Billboard named Underwood Country Music's reigning Queen in 2012.
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Catya Maré
Catya Maré (pronunciation: catya maree) is a composer, music producer and classical crossover violinist from Germany, now located in California. She has performed as a classical violinist since her early childhood, and has done numerous performances at concert halls and major museums, such as National Galerie Berlin,Kunsthaus Zürich, Kunsthallen Brandts, and Kunstmuseet Trapholt. Since she started composing and producing her own music (Electronic / Pop / World / Celtic new age / Classical crossover) in 2006 Maré was nominated for the Hollywood Music Award in November 2008 and won the Billboard World Songwriting Contest in February 2009. In November 2009 she won the Hollywood Music in Media Award and in December 2010 the USA Songwriting Competition. In August 2011 Catya Maré´s music video "Tell Me Why..." was nominated for the Stay Tuned TV Award / International Television Festival.
Maré was born in Neuss, Germany into a family of professional classical musicians. Her first concert as a soloist with a symphony orchestra was at the early age of 10 years old. While a young adult she played solo concerts as a classical violinist in the USA, Israel, Scandinavia, Europe and at many festivals including Schleswig Holstein Musikfestival and Santander Music Festival. Maré has received numerous scholarships (such as Stipendium der Münchner Orchesterakademie, Stipendium der Rotarischen Gesellschaft Hamburg and Konzerte Junger Künstler). She has received her Masters Degree at the Munich Music Conservatory and held the position of an alternating concertmaster with the Scandinavian symphony orchestra Aarhus Symfoniorkester.
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Charlie Rich
Charles (Charlie) Rich (December 14, 1932 – July 25, 1995) was an American country music singer and musician. A Grammy Award winner, his eclectic-style of music was often hard to classify in a single genre, playing in the rockabilly, jazz, blues, country, and gospel genres.
In the latter part of his life, Rich acquired the nickname The Silver Fox. He is perhaps best remembered for a pair of 1973 hits, "Behind Closed Doors" and "The Most Beautiful Girl". "The Most Beautiful Girl" topped the U.S. country singles charts, as well as the pop singles charts.
Though he resided in Benton, Arkansas, most of his life, Rich was born in Colt, Arkansas, to rural cotton farmers. His professional musical career began while he was in the U.S. Air Force in the early 1950s. His first musical group, the Velvetones, played jazz and blues and featured his fiancée, Margaret Ann, on lead vocals. Rich left the military in 1955 and tried to farm five acres in Tennessee. He also began performing in clubs around the Memphis area, playing both jazz and R&B. It was during these hard times that he began writing his own material.
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Christina Aguilera
Christina María Aguilera (born December 18, 1980) is an American recording artist and actress. Aguilera first appeared on national television in 1990 as a contestant on the Star Search program, and went on to star in Disney Channel's television series The Mickey Mouse Club from 1993 to 1994. Aguilera signed to RCA Records after recording "Reflection", the theme song for the animated film Mulan (1998).
In 1999, Aguilera came to prominence following her debut album Christina Aguilera, which was a commercial success spawning three number one singles on the Billboard Hot 100—"Genie in a Bottle", "What a Girl Wants", and "Come On Over Baby (All I Want Is You)." Her sophomore and her debut Latin-pop album, Mi Reflejo (2000), a Christmas third studio album, My Kind of Christmas (2000), and several collaborations followed which garnered Aguilera worldwide success, though she was displeased with her lack of input in her music and image. After parting from her management, Aguilera took creative control over her fourth studio album, Stripped (2002). The album's second single, "Beautiful", was a commercial success and helped the album's commercial performance amidst controversy over Aguilera's image. Aguilera followed up Stripped with the soul, jazz and blues inspired, Back to Basics (2006), released to positive critical acclaim. The album produced three singles "Ain't No Other Man", "Hurt" and "Candyman". Four years later Aguilera released her sixth studio album, Bionic (2010), which incorporated aspects of R&B, electropop, and synthpop and was met with mixed reviews and low sales. Aguilera's seventh studio album is set to be released in 2012.
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Darius Campbell
Darius Campbell (born Darius Campbell-Danesh, 19 August 1980), also known professionally either as Darius Danesh or simply Darius, is a Scottish platinum-selling singer-songwriter, a West End stage actor, an operatic baritone, a Sunday Times best-selling author, and an Ambassador for The Prince's Trust.
He performed the role of Billy Flynn in the West End production of Chicago, the youngest one ever to play that part, in two successful runs of that musical. He played both the lead role of Sky Masterson in the Olivier Award winning Guys and Dolls, and the originating role of Rhett Butler in Sir Trevor Nunn's theatrical adaptation of Gone with the Wind.
In 2010 he trained with tenor Rolando Villazón, won the hit ITV1 competition Popstar to Operastar, and performed a duet with Villazón on "The Impossible Dream." Early that year, he corrected the unauthorized deletion of Campbell from his surname. The United Kingdom's biggest operatic production ever was the occasion of his operatic debut, at The O2 arena with the Royal Philharmonic, in Carmen. At 29, he became the youngest performer to assume the lead role of Carmen's lover, a role more often awarded to a baritone in his forties.
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Dolly Parton
Dolly Rebecca Parton (born January 19, 1946) is an American singer-songwriter, author, multi-instrumentalist, actress and philanthropist, best known for her work in country music. As a songwriter, she has composed over 3,000 songs, the best known of which include "I Will Always Love You" (a two-time U.S. country chart-topper for Parton, as well an international pop hit for Whitney Houston), "Jolene", "Coat of Many Colors", "9 to 5" and "My Tennessee Mountain Home". As an actress, she starred in the movies 9 to 5, The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, Steel Magnolias, Straight Talk, Unlikely Angel and Joyful Noise. She is one of the most successful female country artists of all time; with an estimated 100 million in album sales, Dolly Parton is also one of the best selling artists of all time. She is known as "The Queen of Country Music".
She was born in Sevierville, Tennessee, the fourth of twelve children of Avie Lee Parton (née Owens; October 5, 1923 – December 5, 2003) and Robert Lee Parton (March 22, 1921 – November 12, 2000), a tobacco farmer. Her siblings are: Willadeene Parton (born March 24, 1940), David Wilburn Parton (born March 30, 1942), Coy Denver "Denver" Parton (born August 16, 1943), Bobby Lee Parton (born February 18, 1948), Stella Mae Parton (born May 4, 1949), Cassie Nan Parton (February 12, 1951), Randel Huston "Randy" Parton (born December 15, 1953), Larry Gerald Parton (born and died July 6, 1955), Floyd and Frieda Estelle Parton (born June 1, 1957), and Rachel Ann Parton (born August 31, 1959). Her family was, as she has described them, "dirt poor". She outlined her family's lack of money in a number of her early songs, notably "Coat of Many Colors" and "In the Good Old Days (When Times Were Bad)". They lived in a rustic, dilapidated one-room cabin in Locust Ridge, Tennessee, a hamlet just north of the Greenbrier Valley, in the Locust Ridge area of the Great Smoky Mountains in Sevier County, a predominantly Pentecostal area.
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Dottie West
Dottie West (October 11, 1932 – September 4, 1991) was an American country music singer and songwriter. Along with her friends and co-recording artists Patsy Cline and Loretta Lynn, she is considered one of the genre's most influential and groundbreaking female artists. Dottie West's career started in the early 1960s, with her Top 10 hit, "Here Comes My Baby Back Again," which won her the first Grammy Award for Best Female Country Vocal Performance in 1965. In the 1960s, West was one of the few female country singers working in what was then a male-dominated industry, influencing other female country singers like Lynn Anderson, Crystal Gayle, Barbara Mandrell, Dolly Parton, and Tammy Wynette. Throughout the 1960s, West had country hits within the Top 10 and 20.
In the early 1970s, West wrote a popular commercial for the Coca-Cola company, titled "Country Sunshine", which she nearly brought to the top of the charts in 1973. In the late-70s, she teamed up with country-pop superstar, Kenny Rogers for a series of duets, which brought her career in directions it had never gone before, earning Platinum selling albums and No. 1 records for the very first time. Her duet recordings with Rogers, like "Every Time Two Fools Collide," "All I Ever Need Is You," and "What Are We Doin' In Love," eventually became country-music standards. In the mid-1970s, her image and music underwent a major metamorphosis, bringing her to the very peak of her popularity as a solo act, and reaching No. 1 for the very first time on her own in 1980 with "A Lesson in Leavin'".[citation needed]
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Eddie Rabbitt
Edward Thomas "Eddie" Rabbitt (November 27, 1941 – May 7, 1998) was an American singer-songwriter and musician. His career began as a songwriter in the late 1960s, springboarding to a recording career after composing hits such as "Kentucky Rain" for Elvis Presley in 1970 and "Pure Love" for Ronnie Milsap in 1974. Later in the 1970s, Rabbitt helped to develop the crossover-influenced sound of country music prevalent in the 1980s with such hits as "Suspicions" and "Every Which Way but Loose." His duets "Friends and Lovers" and "You and I", with Juice Newton and Crystal Gayle respectively, later appeared on the soap operas Days of Our Lives and All My Children.
Rabbitt was born to Irish immigrants in Brooklyn, New York in 1941 and was raised in the nearby community of East Orange, New Jersey. His father was an oil-refinery refrigeration worker and a skilled fiddle and accordion player who often entertained local New York City dance halls. By age twelve Rabbitt was a proficient guitar player, having been taught by his scoutmaster, Tom Scwickrath. During his childhood Rabbitt became a self-proclaimed "walking encyclopedia of country music". After his parents divorced he dropped out of school at age sixteen. His mother, Mae, explained this action by saying that Rabbitt "was never one for school [because] his head was too full of music." He later obtained a high school diploma after taking courses at night school.
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Edin Karamazov
Edin Karamazov is a renowned Bosnian musician-lutenist (born in 1965 in Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina). He studied lute with Hopkinson Smith at the Schola Cantorum Basiliensis.
He worked with such ensembles as Hesperion, L'Arpeggiata, Hilliard Ensemble, Mala Punica, Orpheus Chamber Orchestra and singers Andreas Scholl, Maria Cristina Kiehr, Arianna Savall, and Sting. Karamazov's solo archlute recording features Benjamin Britten's "Nocturnal" and J.S.Bach's Partita in d-minor (orig. for violin).
Recent collaborations with Sting (in the field of 16th century music) resulted in the album and film Songs from the Labyrinth, devoted to the lute-songs of John Dowland.
Karamazov's 2008 solo CD project on DECCA "The Lute is a Song" includes guest appearances of Sting, Renée Fleming and Macedonian singer and songwriter Kaliopi.
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Eileen Farrell
Eileen Farrell (February 13, 1920 – March 23, 2002) was an American soprano who had a nearly 60 year long career performing both classical and popular music in concerts, theatres, on radio and television, and on disc. While she was active as an opera singer, her concert engagements far outnumbered her theatrical appearances. Her career was mainly based in the United States, although she did perform internationally. The Daily Telegraph stated that she "was one of the finest American sopranos of the 20th century; she had a voice of magnificent proportions which she used with both acumen and artistry in a wide variety of roles."
Farrell began her career in 1940 as a member of the CBS Chorus on CBS Radio. In 1941 CBS Radio offered Farrell her own program, Eileen Farrell Sings, on which she performed both classical and popular music for 5 years. In 1947 she launched her career as a concert soprano and nine years later began performing on the opera stage. The pinnacle of her opera career was five seasons performing at the Metropolitan Opera from 1960-1966. She continued to perform and record both classical and popular music throughout her career, and is credited for releasing the first successful crossover album: "I've Got a Right to Sing the Blues" (1960). After announcing her retirement from performance in 1986, she still continued to perform and record music periodically up into the late 1990s. She was also active as a voice teacher, both privately and for nine years at Indiana University.
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Elvira Madigan
Elvira Madigan (4 December 1867 – 20 July 1889) was a Danish tightrope walker and trick rider, whose illicit affair and dramatic death at the hands of her lover were the subject of the Swedish film of 1967.
She was born Hedvig Antoinette Isabella Eleonore Jensen in Flensburg in northern Germany. Her mother was a Norwegian circus performer and her father a Danish stablemaster. Her mother later lived with the American circus manager John Madigan.
While performing in Sweden with her stepfather's circus, she met a Swedish cavalry officer, Lieutenant Count Bengt Edvard Sixten Sparre (27 September 1854 – 20 July 1889). Sparre and Madigan fell in love, but their love was impossible, partly due to the fact that Sparre was married and the father of two children. After exchanging love letters for a year, they ran away together to Denmark in June 1889, where they spent about a month. When they ran out of money, they packed a picnic basket, went out to the Nørreskov ("North forest") on the island Tåsinge, Denmark, and had a last meal, after which Sparre shot Madigan and himself with his service revolver. Madigan was 21 years old and Sparre 35 years old.
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Enrique Iglesias
Enrique Iglesias (born Enrique Miguel Iglesias Preysler; May 8, 1975) is a Spanish singer, songwriter and occasional actor, popular in both the Latin market and the Hispanic American market in the United States. He is the son of the famous Spanish singer Julio Iglesias. Within five years of beginning his musical career in the 1990s, he became the biggest seller of Spanish-language albums of that decade. He made his crossover into the mainstream English language market before the turn of the millennium, signing a multi-album deal with Universal Music Group for an unprecedented US$50,000,000 with Universal Music Latino to release his Spanish albums and Interscope to release English albums. In 2010, he parted with Interscope and signed with another Universal Music Group label, Universal Republic.
Iglesias has sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best selling Spanish language artists of all time. He has had five Billboard Hot 100 top five singles, including two number-ones, and holds the record for producing 22 number-one Spanish-language singles on the Billboard's Hot Latin Tracks. He has also had ten number-one songs on Billboard's Dance charts, more than any other single male artist. Altogether, Iglesias has amassed 55 number-one hits on the various Billboard charts. Billboard has called him The King of Latin Pop and The King of Dance. Billboard also named Enrique the number two Latin artist of the years 1986–2011 (Luis Miguel taking the first spot).
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Faith Hill
Faith Hill (born Audrey Faith Perry; September 21, 1967) is an American country singer. She is known both for her commercial success and her marriage to fellow country star Tim McGraw. Hill has sold more than 40 million records worldwide and accumulated eight number-one singles and three number-one albums on the U.S. Country charts.
Hill has been honored by the Grammy Awards, the Academy of Country Music, the Country Music Association, the American Music Awards and the People's Choice Awards. Her Soul2Soul II Tour 2006 with McGraw became the highest-grossing country tour of all time. In 2001, she was named one of the "30 Most Powerful Women in America" by Ladies Home Journal. In 2008, Hill released her first Christmas album, titled Joy to the World. In 2009 Billboard named her as the #1 Adult Contemporary artist of the decade 2000-2009. Hill was ranked the 39th best artist of the 2000-10 decade by Billboard.
Hill was born in Ridgeland, Mississippi, north of Jackson, Mississippi. She was adopted as an infant, and named Audrey Faith Perry. She was raised in the nearby town of Star, 25 miles outside of Jackson, Mississippi. Her adoptive parents raised their two biological sons along with Hill in a devout Christian environment.
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Faron Young
Faron Young (February 25, 1932 – December 10, 1996) was an American country music singer and songwriter from the early 1950s into the mid-1980s and one of its most successful and colorful stars. Hits including "If You Ain't Lovin' (You Ain't Livin')" and "Live Fast, Love Hard, Die Young" marked him as a honky-tonk singer in sound and personal style; and his chart-topping singles "Hello Walls" and "It's Four in the Morning" showed his versatility as a vocalist. Known as the Hillbilly Heartthrob, and following a movie role, the Young Sheriff, Young's singles reliably charted for more than 30 years. He committed suicide in 1996. Young is a member of the Country Music Hall of Fame.
Born in Shreveport, Louisiana, Young was the youngest of six children. He grew up on a dairy farm that his family operated outside the city. He began singing at an early age. He performed at the local Optimist Club and was discovered by Webb Pierce, who brought him to star on Louisiana Hayride on KWKH-AM in 1951. He graduated from Fair Park High School that year and attended Centenary College of Louisiana.
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Freddie Mercury
Freddie Mercury (born Farrokh Bulsara (Gujarati: ફારોખ બલ્સારા), 5 September 1946 – 24 November 1991) was a British musician, singer and songwriter, best known as the lead vocalist and lyricist of the rock band Queen. As a performer, he was known for his flamboyant stage persona and powerful vocals over a four-octave range. As a songwriter, Mercury composed many hits for Queen, including "Bohemian Rhapsody", "Killer Queen", "Somebody to Love", "Don't Stop Me Now", "Crazy Little Thing Called Love" and "We Are the Champions". In addition to his work with Queen, he led a solo career, and also occasionally served as a producer and guest musician (piano or vocals) for other artists. He died of bronchopneumonia brought on by AIDS on 24 November 1991, only one day after publicly acknowledging he had the disease.
Mercury was a Parsi born in Zanzibar and grew up there and in India until his mid-teens. He has been referred to as "Britain's first Asian rock star". In 2002, Mercury was placed at number 58 in the BBC's poll of the 100 Greatest Britons, in 2006, Time Asia named him one of the most influential Asian heroes of the past 60 years, and he continues to be voted one of the greatest singers in the history of popular music. In 2005, a poll organised by Blender and MTV2 saw Mercury voted the greatest male singer of all time. In 2008, Rolling Stone editors ranked him number 18 on their list of the 100 greatest singers of all time. In 2009, a Classic Rock poll saw him voted the greatest rock singer of all time.Allmusic has characterised Mercury as "one of rock's greatest all-time entertainers", who possessed "one of the greatest voices in all of music".
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Garth Brooks
Troyal Garth Brooks (born February 7, 1962) is an American country music artist. His eponymous first album was released in 1989 and peaked at number 2 in the US country album chart while climbing to number 13 on the Billboard 200 album chart. Brooks' integration of rock elements into his recordings and live performances has earned him immense popularity. This progressive approach allowed him to dominate the country single and album charts while quickly crossing over into the mainstream pop arena, exposing country music to a larger audience.
Brooks has enjoyed one of the most successful careers in popular music history, breaking records for both sales and concert attendance throughout the 1990s. Garth Brooks still continues to sell well and according to Nielsen Soundscan, his albums sales through October 2011 are at 68,561,000, which makes him the best-selling albums artist in the United States in the SoundScan era (since 1991), a title held since 1991, well over 5 million ahead of his nearest rival, The Beatles. Furthermore, according to RIAA he is the second best-selling solo albums artist in the United States of all time behind Elvis Presley (overall is third to the Beatles and Elvis Presley) with 128 million units sold. Brooks has released six albums that achieved diamond status in the United States, those being: Garth Brooks (10× platinum), No Fences (17× platinum), Ropin' the Wind (14× platinum), The Hits (10× platinum), Sevens (10× platinum) and Double Live (21× platinum). Since 1989, Brooks has released 19 records in all, which include; 9 studio albums, 1 live album, 4 compilation albums, 3 Christmas albums and 2 box sets, along with 77 singles. He won several important awards in his career as 2 Grammy Awards, 16 American Music Awards (not including the poll of "Artist of the '90s") and the RIAA Award as Best selling solo albums artist of the Century in the United States. As of 2010, Brooks' world-wide sales now exceed 190 million albums, singles and videos.
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Glen Campbell
Glen Travis Campbell (born April 22, 1936) is an American country music singer, guitarist, television host and occasional actor. He is best known for a series of hits in the 1960s and 1970s, as well as for hosting a variety show called The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour on CBS television.
During his 50 years in show business, Campbell has released more than 70 albums. He has sold 45 million records and accumulated no less than 12 RIAA Gold albums, 4 Platinum albums and 1 Double-Platinum album. Of the 74 trips up the country charts, 27 landed in the Top 10.[citation needed] Campbell's hits include John Hartford's "Gentle on My Mind", Jimmy Webb's "By the Time I Get to Phoenix", "Wichita Lineman" and "Galveston", Larry Weiss's "Rhinestone Cowboy" and Allen Toussaint's "Southern Nights".
Campbell made history by winning four Grammys in both country and pop categories in 1967.[citation needed] For "Gentle on My Mind" he received two awards in country & western, "By the Time I Get to Phoenix" did the same in pop. He owns trophies for Male Vocalist of the Year from both the Country Music Association (CMA) and the Academy of Country Music (ACM), and took the CMA's top honor as 1968 Entertainer of the Year. In 1969 Campbell was hand picked by actor John Wayne to play alongside him in the film True Grit, which gave Campbell a Golden Globe nomination for Most Promising Newcomer. Campbell sang the title song which was nominated for an Academy Award.
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Gloria Estefan
Gloria María Milagrosa Fajardo García de Estefan, known professionally as Gloria Estefan (born September 1, 1957) is a Cuban-born American singer, songwriter, actress and entrepreneur. Known as the "Queen Of Latin Pop", she is in the top 100 best selling music artists with over 100 million albums sold worldwide, 31.5 million of those in the United States alone. She has won three Grammy Awards, and 4 Latin Grammys, and is the most successful crossover performer in Latin music to date.
Gloria María Milagrosa Fajardo was born September 1, 1957 in Havana, Cuba, to Jose and Gloria Fajardo. Her maternal grandfather, Leonardo Garcia, immigrated to Cuba from Pola de Siero, Asturias, Spain, where he married Gloria's maternal grandmother, originally from Logroño, Spain. Prior to the Cuban Revolution, her father was a Cuban soldier and a bodyguard to Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista. The Fajardo family fled to Miami, Florida as a result of the Cuban Revolution and settled down there. Shortly after they moved to the United States, Gloria's father joined the US military and fought in the Vietnam War and moved to Houston, Texas, also having participated in the failed Bay of Pigs Invasion. Gloria attended St. Michael-Archangel School and Our Lady of Lourdes Academy in Miami. Her father became ill after returning from Vietnam and Gloria helped her mother, Gloria Fajardo, care for him. Her mother worked as a school teacher for the Dade County Public School system. Gloria Estefan graduated from college in 1979 with a B.A. in psychology, with a minor in French, from the University of Miami. When she was studying at the university, she worked as an English/Spanish/French translator at Miami International Airport Customs Department and, because of her language abilities, was once approached by the CIA as a possible employee. Estefan was raised Catholic.
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Hayley Westenra
Hayley Dee Westenra (born 10 April 1987) is a New Zealand soprano, classical crossover artist, songwriter and UNICEF Ambassador. Her first internationally released album, Pure, reached No. 1 on the UK classical charts in 2003 and has sold more than two million copies worldwide. Pure is the fastest-selling international début classical album to date, having made Westenra an international star at age 16. In August 2006, she joined the Irish group Celtic Woman, was featured on their Celtic Woman: A New Journey CD and DVD, toured with them on their 2007 Spring Tour, and also was featured on their DVD, The Greatest Journey: Essential Collection, released in 2008.
Across classical music to easy listening, folk and pop style songs, Westenra has performed songs in English, Irish, Welsh, Italian, German, French, Portuguese, Latin, Japanese, Mandarin Chinese, Taiwanese and Māori from west to east, north to south all around the world.
Westenra has performed for dignitaries around the world. She is the second youngest UNICEF Ambassador to date and has contributed to charities around the world.
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Henryk Górecki
Henryk Mikołaj Górecki (Polish pronunciation: [ˈxɛnrɨk mʲiˈkɔwaj ɡuˈrɛtski]) (December 6, 1933 – November 12, 2010) was a Polish composer of contemporary classical music. He studied at the State Higher School of Music in Katowice between 1955 and 1960. In 1968, he joined the faculty and rose to provost before resigning in 1979. Górecki became a leading figure of the Polish avant-garde during the post-Stalin cultural thaw. His Webernian-influenced serialist works of the 1950s and 1960s were characterized by adherence to dissonant modernism and drew influence from Luigi Nono, Karlheinz Stockhausen,Krzysztof Penderecki and Kazimierz Serocki. He continued in this direction throughout the 1960s, but by the mid-1970s had changed to a less complex sacred minimalist sound, exemplified by the transitional Symphony No. 2 and the hugely popular Symphony No. 3 (Symphony of Sorrowful Songs). This later style developed through several other distinct phases, from such works as his 1979 Beatus Vir, to the 1981 choral hymn Miserere, the 1993 Kleines Requiem für eine Polka and his requiem Good Night.
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Jackie Evancho
Jacqueline Marie "Jackie" Evancho ( /iːˈveɪŋkoʊ/ ee-VAYNG-koh; born April 9, 2000) is an American classical crossover singer who has gained wide recognition at an early age.
Between 2008 and 2010, Evancho entered several talent competitions; made singing appearances, mostly in Pennsylvania; issued an independent album, Prelude to a Dream; and attracted interest on YouTube. Later in 2010, at the age of 10, she gained wider popularity with her performances in the fifth season of the America's Got Talent (AGT) competition, finishing in second place. With the subsequent release of her O Holy Night EP, she became the best-selling debut artist of 2010, the youngest top-10 debut artist in U.S. history and the youngest solo artist ever to go platinum. In June 2011, her first full-length major-label album, Dream With Me, debuted at #2 on American album charts, and she became the youngest top-5 debut artist in UK history. Billboard ranked Evancho the top Classical Albums Artist for 2011.
Evancho impressed composers Tim Janis and David Foster, each of whom included her in his concerts beginning in 2009. Foster later produced Evancho's album, Dream With Me, and subsequent PBS special for the television series, Great Performances. Evancho performed in front of U.S. President Barack Obama at the 2010 National Christmas Tree lighting in Washington, D.C. She is the ambassador for "Mission: Humane", a Humane Society program which encourages children's involvement in the protection of animals. She features songs from Dream With Me in a 2011–12 concert tour with symphony orchestras. Evancho released another studio album, Heavenly Christmas, in November 2011. The same month, she became the youngest person ever to give a solo concert at Lincoln Center in New York City. A national cotillion organization listed her as one of the "ten best-mannered people of 2011".
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Jennifer Lopez
Jennifer Lynn Lopez (born July 24, 1969) is an American actress, businesswoman, dancer and recording artist. Often referred to as J.Lo, she is reportedly the highest earning actress of Latin descent. Born and raised in The Bronx, New York, she enrolled in singing and dancing classes as a child and grew up in a musically influenced household. She started her career as a fly girl on the television comedy program In Living Color and a back-up dancer for Janet Jackson. Lopez gained recognition in the action-thriller Money Train (1995). Her first leading role was in the biographical film Selena (1997), which was her breakthrough role, earning her an ALMA Award for Outstanding Actress and Golden Globe nomination. She earned her second ALMA Award for her performance in Out of Sight (1998), which made her the highest-paid Latin actress. She has since appeared in various films including The Cell (2000), The Wedding Planner (2001), Maid in Manhattan (2002), Shall We Dance? (2004), Monster-in-Law (2005), The Back-up Plan (2010) and What to Expect When You're Expecting (2012).
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Jo Dee Messina
Jo Dee Marie Messina (born August 25, 1970), known professionally as Jo Dee Messina, is an American country music artist. She has charted nine Number One singles on the Billboard country music charts. She has been honored by the Country Music Association, the Academy of Country Music and has been nominated for two Grammy Awards. She was the first female country artist to score three multiple-week Number One songs from the same album. To date, she has two Platinum and three Gold-certified albums by the RIAA.
Messina debuted in 1996 with the single Heads Carolina, Tails California. Her album was certified Gold by the RIAA. Her second album, I'm Alright produced five Top 10 Country hits between 1998 in 1999 and sold over a million copies in America. Since her debut, six of her singles have peaked at #1 on the Billboard Country singles chart and five of her albums have received a certification by the RIAA or the CRIA. She has sold 5 million records worldwide.
Messina was born Jo Dee Marie Messina on August 25, 1970, in Framingham, Massachusetts to Vincent and Mary Messina. Her father was of Italian descent and her mother was of Irish descent. She was raised in Holliston, Massachusetts, with two sisters, Terese and Marianne, and a brother, Vincent. Messina had a variety of country music influences, including Patsy Cline, Reba McEntire, and The Judds. She soon started performing live, and by age 16 she was playing local clubs, singing while her brother and one sister provided backup on drums and guitar. The group continued performing until she graduated from high school.
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Johann Pachelbel
Johann Pachelbel ( /ˈjoʊhɑːn ˈpækəlbɛl/ or /ˈpɑːkəlbɛl/;German: [ˈjoːhan ˈpaxɛlbəl], baptised September 1, 1653 – buried March 9, 1706) was a German Baroque composer, organist and teacher, who brought the south German organ tradition to its peak. He composed a large body of sacred and secular music, and his contributions to the development of the chorale prelude and fugue have earned him a place among the most important composers of the middle Baroque era.
Pachelbel's music enjoyed enormous popularity during his lifetime; he had many pupils and his music became a model for the composers of south and central Germany. Today, Pachelbel is best known for the Canon in D, the only canon he wrote – although a true canon at the unison in three parts, it is often regarded more as a passacaglia, and it is in this mode that it has been arranged and transcribed for many different media. In addition to the canon, his most well-known works include the Chaconne in F minor, the Toccata in E minor for organ, and the Hexachordum Apollinis, a set of keyboard variations.
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John Denver
Henry John Deutschendorf, Jr. (December 31, 1943 – October 12, 1997), known professionally as John Denver, was an American singer/songwriter, activist, and humanitarian. After traveling and living in numerous locations while growing up in his military family, Denver began his music career in folk music groups in the late 1960s. His greatest commercial success was as a solo singer. Throughout his life Denver recorded and released approximately 300 songs, about 200 of which he composed. He performed primarily with an acoustic guitar and sang about his joy in nature, his enthusiasm for music, and relationship trials. Denver's music appeared on a variety of charts including country & western, the Billboard Hot 100, and adult contemporary, in all earning him 12 gold and 4 platinum albums with his signature songs "Sunshine on My Shoulders", "Take Me Home, Country Roads", "Leaving on a Jet Plane", "Rocky Mountain High", "Annie's Song", and "Calypso".
Denver further starred in films and several notable television specials in the 1970s and 1980s. In the following decades he continued to record, but also focused on calling attention to environmental issues, lent his vocal support to space exploration, and testified in front of Congress to protest censorship in music. He is known for his love of the state of Colorado, which he sang about numerous times. He lived in Aspen, Colorado, for much of his life, and influenced the governor to name him Poet Laureate of the state in 1974. The Colorado state legislature also adopted "Rocky Mountain High" as one of its state songs in 2007. He was an avid pilot, and died while flying his personal aircraft at the age of 53. Denver was one of the most popular acoustic artists of the 1970s.
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José Carreras
Josep Maria Carreras i Coll (Catalan pronunciation: [ʒuˈzɛp kəˈreɾəs]; born 5 December 1946), better known as José Carreras (Spanish pronunciation: [xoˈse kaˈreɾas]), is a Spanish Catalan tenor particularly known for his performances in the operas of Verdi and Puccini. Born in Barcelona, he made his debut on the opera stage at the age of 11 as Trujamán in Manuel de Falla's El retablo de Maese Pedro and went on to a career that encompassed over 60 roles on the stages of the world's leading opera houses and in the recording studio.
He gained fame with a wider audience as one of The Three Tenors along with Plácido Domingo and Luciano Pavarotti in a series of mass concerts that began in 1990 and continued until 2003. Carreras is also known for his humanitarian work as the president of the José Carreras International Leukaemia Foundation (La Fundació Internacional Josep Carreras per a la Lluita contra la Leucèmia), which he established following his own recovery from the disease in 1988.
The youngest of three children, Carreras was born in Sants, a working class district in Barcelona, Spain. In 1951, his family emigrated to Argentina in an unsuccessful search for a better life. However, within a year they had returned to Sants where Carreras was to spend the rest of his childhood and teenage years.
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Kenny Rogers
Kenneth Donald "Kenny" Rogers (born August 21, 1938) is an American singer-songwriter, photographer, record producer, actor, and entrepreneur. Though he has been most successful with country audiences, he has charted more than 120 hit singles across various music genres and topping the country and pop album charts for more than 200 individual weeks in the United States alone.
Two of his albums, The Gambler and Kenny, are featured in the About.com poll of "The 200 Most Influential Country Albums Ever". He was voted the "Favorite Singer of All-Time" in a 1986 joint poll by readers of both USA Today and People. He has received numerous such awards as the AMAs, Grammys, ACMs and CMAs, as well as a lifetime achievement award for a career spanning six decades in 2003.
Later success includes the 2006 album release, Water & Bridges, an across the board hit, that peaked at #5 in the Billboard Country Albums sales charts, also charting high in the Billboard 200. The first single from the album, "I Can't Unlove You," was also a chart hit. Remaining a popular entertainer around the world, the following year he completed a tour of the United Kingdom and Ireland, telling BBC Radio 2 DJ Steve Wright his favorite hit was "The Gambler". He has also acted in a variety of movies and television shows, most notably the title roles in Kenny Rogers as The Gambler and the MacShayne series as well as his appearance on The Muppet Show.
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Kirk Franklin
Kirk Dwayne Franklin (born (1970-01-26)January 26, 1970) is an American Gospel music musician, choir director, and author, and is most notably known for leading urban contemporary gospel choirs such as The Family, God's Property and One Nation Crew (1NC).
A native of Fort Worth, Texas, Franklin was raised by his grandmother, Gertrude, having been abandoned as a baby by his mother.[dead link] Gertrude collected and resold aluminum cans to raise money for Kirk to take piano lessons from the age of four. Kirk excelled in music, being able to read and write music, while also play by ear.
He received his first contract offer at the age of seven, which his aunt turned down. He joined the church choir and became music director of the Mt. Rose Baptist Church adult choir at the age of eleven.
Despite his strict religious upbringing, Franklin rebelled in his teenage years, and in an attempt to keep him out of trouble, his grandmother arranged an audition for him at a professional youth conservatory associated with a local university. He was accepted and, while his life seemed to be on track for a while, the announcement of a girlfriend's pregnancy and his eventual expulsion from school for behavioral problems proved otherwise.
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LeAnn Rimes
Margaret LeAnn Rimes Cibrian (born August 28, 1982), best known as LeAnn Rimes, is an American country/pop singer. She is known for her rich vocals and her rise to fame as an eight-year-old champion on the original Ed McMahon version of Star Search, followed by the release of the Bill Mack song "Blue" when she was 13 to become the youngest country music star since Tanya Tucker in 1972.
Rimes made her breakthrough into country music in 1996 with her debut album, Blue, which reached #1 on the Top Country Albums chart and was certified multiplatinum in sales by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The album's eponymous leadoff single, "Blue," was originally intended to be recorded by Patsy Cline in the early 1960s. It became a Top 10 hit and Rimes gained national acclaim for her similarity to Cline's vocal style. When she released her sophomore studio effort in 1997, You Light up My Life: Inspirational Songs, she moved towards country pop material, which set the trend for a string of albums released into the next decade.
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Lee Ann Womack
Lee Ann Womack (born August 19, 1966 in Jacksonville, Texas, United States) is an American country music singer and songwriter, who is best known for her old fashioned-styled country music songs that often discuss subjects such as cheating and lost love. Her 2000 single, "I Hope You Dance" was a major crossover music hit, reaching #1 on the Billboard Country Chart and the Top 15 of the Billboard Hot 100, becoming her signature song.
Although Lee Ann Womack emerged as a contemporary country artist in 1997 with the release of her first album, her material closely resembled that of Dolly Parton and Tammy Wynette, mixing Womack's music with an old fashioned style, as well as contemporary elements, making her different from her counterparts. Her 2000 release I Hope You Dance, however, was an entirely different sound, using pop music elements instead of traditional country, helping to establish Womack as a pop crossover artist. It was not until the release of There's More Where That Came From in 2005 that Womack returned to recording traditional country music.
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Lesley Garrett
Lesley Garrett CBE (born 10 April 1955) is an English soprano singer, musician, broadcaster and media personality.
Garrett was born in the town of Thorne near Doncaster in South Yorkshire, into a musical family. She attended Thorne Fieldside Infant and Junior Schools and Thorne Grammar School, where she performed in school plays and musicals and passed 10 O-levels and an A-level in music. As she grew up she inherited her family's love of music. Her grandfather Colin Wall was a classical pianist, her father Derek worked as a railway signalman and then as a schoolteacher at Hatfield Woodhouse Primary School, eventually going on to become a headmaster. They lived nearby just South of the village; her mother Margaret (née Wall) was a talented singing seamstress and became the school secretary at Lesley's primary school. She has a sister, Kay. When she was 19, to earn money in the summer, Lesley washed dishes at the officers' mess at nearby RAF Lindholme, where she received two marriage proposals.
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Levente Egry
Levente Egry, (born 21 August 1969), is a Hungarian performing artist, working as a composer, producer, performer and pianist. Being the holder of the last Hungarian Diamond Record (the category is no longer in use) for over 100,000 records sold in Hungary he recently started a classical-crossover project: Sentimental Piano Concert. His life is full of contrasting success —after having a great early career in classical music, critical acclaim as a jazz and pop artist now he is now pursuing a career as a classical composer and pianist.
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Lynn Anderson
Lynn Rene Anderson (born September 26, 1947) is an American country music singer and equestrian known for a string of hits throughout the 1970s and early 1980s, most notably her Grammy Award-winning, worldwide mega-hit, "(I Never Promised You A) Rose Garden." Helped by her regular exposure on national television, Anderson was one of the most popular and successful female country singers of the 1970s. In addition to being named "Top Female Vocalist" by the Academy of Country Music twice and "Female Vocalist of the Year" by the Country Music Association, she has charted 11 #1, 18 Top 10, and more than 50 Top 40 hits. She was the first female country artist to win an American Music Award in 1974, as well as the first to headline and sellout Madison Square Garden that same year. Anderson was named Billboard Magazine's Female Artist of the Decade (1970–1980).
Anderson debuted in 1966, at the age of 19, and had her first major hit with Ride, Ride, Ride. After a series of Top 10 hit singles on the country charts during the late 1960s, Anderson went on to sign with Columbia Records in 1970. Under Columbia, she had her most successful string of hits. Her signature song, (I Never Promised You A) Rose Garden, remains one of the biggest selling country crossover hits of all time. The song even made it to #3 on the Billboard Pop Chart and was later ranked #83 on CMT's "100 Greatest Songs in Country Music History."
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Léo Delibes
Clément Philibert Léo Delibes (21 February 1836 – 16 January 1891) was a French composer of ballets, operas, and other works for the stage. His most notable works include ballets Coppélia (1870) and Sylvia (1876) as well as the operas Le roi l'a dit (1873) and Lakmé (1883).
Léo Delibes was born in Saint-Germain-du-Val, now part of La Flèche (Sarthe), France, in 1836. His father was a mailman, his mother a talented amateur musician. His grandfather had been an opera singer. He was raised mainly by his mother and uncle following his father's early death. In 1871, at the age of 35, the composer married Léontine Estelle Denain. His brother Michel Delibes migrated to Spain; he was the grandfather of Spanish writer Miguel Delibes.
Starting in 1847, Delibes studied composition at the Paris Conservatoire as a student of Adolphe Adam. A year later he began taking voice lessons, though he would end up a much better organ player than singer. He held positions as a rehearsal accompanist and chorus master at the Théâtre Lyrique, as second chorus master at the Paris Opéra (in 1864), and as organist at Saint-Pierre-de-Chaillot (1865–71). The first of his many operettas was Deux sous de charbon, ou Le suicide de Bigorneau ("Two sous-worth of coal"), written in 1856 for the Folies-Nouvelles.
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Marc Anthony
Marco Antonio Muñiz (born September 16, 1968), known professionally by his stage name Marc Anthony, is an American singer-songwriter, actor and producer. Anthony is the top selling tropical salsa artist of all time. The two-time Grammy and three-time Latin Grammy–winner has sold more than 12 million albums worldwide. He is best known for his Latin salsa numbers and ballads.
Anthony has won numerous awards and his achievements have been honored through various recognitions. He was the recipient of the 2009 Congressional Hispanic Caucus Institute (CHCI) Chair's Award. He also received the "2009 CHCI Chair's Lifetime Achievement Award" on September 16, 2009. Anthony holds the record having the most number-one singles on the Billboard Tropical Songs.
Anthony is a minority owner/limited partner of the Miami Dolphins NFL team.
Marco Antonio Muñiz, known professionally by his stage name Marc Anthony, born in New York City to Guillerminna, a housewife, and Felipe Muñiz, a musician and hospital lunchroom worker. Anthony is of Puerto Rican descent, and his parents named him after Mexican singer Marco Antonio Muñiz. Anthony grew up in East Harlem as the youngest of 7 children. He was raised Roman Catholic.
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Mario Lanza
Mario Lanza (January 31, 1921 – October 7, 1959) was an American tenor and Hollywood movie star of the late 1940s and the 1950s. The son of Italian emigrants, he began studying to be a professional singer at the age of 16. He was born Alfred Arnold Cocozza. He changed his name when he signed with MGM. His mother's maiden name was Maria Lanza.
After appearing at the Hollywood Bowl in 1947, Lanza signed a seven-year contract with MGM's head, Louis B. Mayer, who saw his performance and was impressed by his singing. Prior to this, the adult Lanza had sung only two performances of an opera. The following year (1948), however, he would sing the role of Pinkerton in Puccini's Madama Butterfly in New Orleans.[citation needed]
His movie debut was in That Midnight Kiss (1949) with Kathryn Grayson and Ethel Barrymore. The following year, in The Toast of New Orleans, his featured popular song "Be My Love" became his first million-selling hit. In 1951, he played the role of Enrico Caruso (1873–1921), his tenor idol, in the biopic, The Great Caruso, which produced another million-seller with "The Loveliest Night of the Year" (a song which used the melody of Sobre las Olas). The Great Caruso was the top-grossing film that year.
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Martina McBride
Martina McBride (born July 29, 1966) is an American country music singer and songwriter. McBride has been called the "Céline Dion of Country Music" for her big-voiced ballads and soprano range.
McBride was signed to RCA Records in 1991, and made her debut the following year as a neo-traditionalist country singer with the single, "The Time Has Come." It was not until 1997, when she released her fourth album, Evolution, that she broke through into the country music industry with a new pop-styled crossover sound, similar to that of Faith Hill and Shania Twain. From that point on, McBride has had a string of major hit singles on the Billboard country chart and occasionally on the adult contemporary chart. Five of these singles went to No. 1 on the country chart between 1995 and 2001, and one peaked at No. 1 on the adult contemporary chart in 2003.
McBride has recorded a total of nine studio albums, one greatest hits compilation, one "live" album, a Christmas compilation, as well as two additional compilation albums. Seven of her studio albums and two of her compilations have received an RIAA Gold certification, or higher. In the U.S. she has sold over 14 million albums. In addition, McBride has won the Country Music Association's "Female Vocalist of the Year" award four times (tied with Reba McEntire for the most wins) and the Academy of Country Music's "Top Female Vocalist" award three times.
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Montserrat Caballé
Dame Montserrat Caballé (Catalan: [munsəˈrat kəβəˈʎe], Spanish: [monseˈrat kaβaˈʎe]) (born 12 April 1933) is a Spanish operatic soprano. She sang a wide variety of roles, but is best known as an exponent of the bel canto repertoire, notably the works of Rossini, Bellini, Donizetti and Verdi.
Montserrat Concepción Bibiana Caballé i Folch was born in Barcelona and studied music at the Liceu Conservatory, and singing technique with Napoleone Annovazzi, Eugenia Kemény and Conchita Badía. She graduated with a gold medal in 1954. She subsequently moved to Basel, Switzerland, where she made her professional debut in 1956 as Mimì in Puccini's La bohème. She became part of the Basel Opera company between 1957 and 1959, singing a repertoire that included Mozart (Erste Dame in The Magic Flute) and Richard Strauss (Salome) in German, unusual for Spanish singers, but which proved useful for her next engagement at the Bremen Opera (1959–1962).
In 1962, Caballé returned to Barcelona and debuted at the Liceu, singing the title role in Strauss's Arabella. From the fall of 1962 through the spring of 1963 she toured Mexico, at one point singing the title role in Massenet's Manon at the Palacio de Bellas Artes. This was followed by several more successful appearances at the Liceu in 1963.
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Nightwish
Nightwish is a Finnish symphonic metal band from Kitee, Finland. Formed in 1996 by songwriter and keyboardist Tuomas Holopainen, guitarist Emppu Vuorinen, and former vocalist Tarja Turunen, Nightwish's current line-up has five members, although Tarja has been replaced by Anette Olzon and the original bassist, Sami Vänskä, has been replaced by Marco Hietala, who also took over the male vocalist part; previously male vocal-parts were done by Tuomas or guest singers.
Although Nightwish has been prominent in their home country since the release of their first single, “The Carpenter” (1997) and debut album Angels Fall First, they did not achieve worldwide fame until the release of the albums Oceanborn, Wishmaster and Century Child, which were released in 1998, 2000 and 2002 respectively. Their 2004 album, Once, which has sold more than 1 million copies, led to the broadcast of Nightwish video clips on MTV in the United States and inclusion of their music in US movie soundtracks. Their biggest US hit single, “Wish I Had an Angel” (2004), made it onto three US film soundtracks as a means to promote their North American tour. The band produced three more singles and two music videos for the album, as well as “Sleeping Sun”, from the 2005 “best of” compilation album, Highest Hopes, prior to vocalist Tarja Turunen’s dismissal.
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Pat Boone
Charles Eugene "Pat" Boone (born June 1, 1934) is an American singer, actor and writer. He was a successful pop singer in the United States during the 1950s and early 1960s. Among his hit songs were cover versions of black R&B artists' songs (when parts of the country were segregated). He sold over 45 million albums, had 38 Top 40 hits and appeared in more than 12 Hollywood movies. Boone's talent as a singer and actor, combined with his old-fashioned values, contributed to his popularity in the early rock and roll era.
According to Billboard, Boone was the second biggest charting artist of the late 1950s, behind only Elvis Presley but ahead of Ricky Nelson and The Platters, and was ranked at No. 9—behind The Rolling Stones and Paul McCartney but ahead of artists such as Aretha Franklin and The Beach Boys—in its listing of the Top 100 Top 40 Artists 1955–1995. Boone still holds the Billboard record for spending 220 consecutive weeks on the charts with one or more songs each week.
At the age of twenty-three, he began hosting a half-hour ABC variety television series, The Pat Boone Chevy Showroom, which aired for 115 episodes (1957–1960). Many musical performers, including Edie Adams, Andy Williams, Pearl Bailey and Johnny Mathis made appearances on the show. His cover versions of rhythm and blues hits had a noticeable effect on the development of the broad popularity of rock and roll. During his tours in the 1950s, Elvis Presley was one of his opening acts.
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Paul Potts
Paul Robert Potts (born 13 October 1970)[citation needed] is an English tenor. In 2007, he won the first series of ITV's Britain's Got Talent with his performance of "Nessun dorma", an aria from Puccini's opera Turandot. As a singer of operatic music, Potts recorded the album One Chance, which topped sales charts in nine countries. Prior to winning Britain's Got Talent, Potts was a manager at The Carphone Warehouse. He had served as Bristol city councillor from 1996 until 2003, and also had performed in amateur opera from 1999 to 2003. Potts's net worth was estimated at £6 million in April 2012.
Potts was born in Kingswood, South Gloucestershire, England and raised in Fishponds, Bristol, by his father Roland, a bus driver, and mother, Yvonne (née Higgins), a supermarket cashier. He has two brothers and one sister. Potts attended St Mary Redcliffe and Temple School, where he developed his love of singing. He also sang with the choir at Chester Park Junior School and with the choirs at several Bristol churches, including Christ Church. Potts said in interviews that he had been bullied in school, and that experience may have made him lack self-confidence. He has also said that his voice had always been a source of solace in the past when he was bullied.
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Reba McEntire
Reba Nell McEntire (born March 28, 1955) is an American country music artist and actress. She began her career in the music industry as a high school student singing in the Kiowa High School band, on local radio shows with her siblings, and at rodeos. As a solo act, she was invited to perform at a rodeo in Oklahoma City, which caught the attention of country artist Red Steagall. He brought her to Nashville, Tennessee, where she eventually signed a contract with Mercury Records in 1975. She released her first solo album in 1977 and released five additional studio albums under the label until 1983.
Signing with MCA Nashville Records, McEntire took creative control over her second MCA album, My Kind of Country (1984), which had a more traditional country sound and produced two number one singles: "How Blue" and "Somebody Should Leave". The album brought her breakthrough success, bringing her a series of successful albums and number one singles in the 1980s and 1990s. McEntire has since released 26 studio albums, acquired 35 number one singles, and 28 albums have been certified gold, platinum or multi-platinum in sales by the Recording Industry Association of America.
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Rene Van Verseveld
Rene Van Verseveld (born in Utrecht, Netherlands) is a Dutch musician, songwriter, recording engineer, composer and record producer. He lives in Santa Clarita and works in his own studio, Future Sound Studios, in Hollywood, California.
Rene van Verseveld, son of Dutch jazz musician Cees van Verseveld, began playing music at age 9. A classically trained bassist, he toured the world playing on cruise ships before collaborating with King MC in Amsterdam on the 1986 European hit "What Have I Done for You Lately".
Rene Van Verseveld established himself as a European dance record producer working with such artists as Candy Dulfer and 2 Unlimited, charting in the Dutch, French, Scandinavian, German and British Top 40 Dance and Pop Charts 9 times between the years of 1986 and 1992 with the songs:
Rene Van Verseveld moved to Los Angeles, California in 1994, where he formed Future Sound Studios. He partnered up with Fernando Garibay and together, they have worked with many artists, such as:
Rene Van Verseveld has worked as composer and/or engineer on the scores of numerous television programs and films including:
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Rhydian
Rhydian Roberts (born 14 February 1983), popularly known as Rhydian, is a classically trained Welsh baritone, crossover artist, musical theatre actor and television presenter. He rose to fame on The X Factor in 2007.
Rhydian has toured the UK and made gala and charity appearances in his native Wales and at the Royal Albert Hall, London. He is an ambassador of The Prince's Trust. He starred in a European arena tour of The War of the Worlds - Alive on Stage! and UK tours of We Will Rock You and Grease.
His recordings demonstrate an eclectic repertoire. Of his four albums, the first went platinum, and the second included collaborations with Kiri te Kanawa and Bryn Terfel. Conehead Records released a further two in 2011: the third, Waves, marking a shift in style from opera to pop, and Caneuon Cymraeg ("Welsh Songs"), to tie in with his debut television series for S4C.
Born in Sennybridge, Powys, Wales, Rhydian (middle name "James") attended the Pontsenni Cylch Meithrin and then Ysgol y Bannau Welsh medium school in Brecon. From the age of 5, he represented both the school and Powys in the Urdd Gobaith Cymru Eisteddfod, maintaining links with the Urdd whilst at Llandovery College (where he became head boy) and subsequently at university.
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Rick Wakeman
Richard Christopher Wakeman (born 18 May 1949) is an English keyboard player, composer and songwriter best known for being the former keyboardist in the progressive rock band Yes. He is also known for his solo albums, contributing to the BBC comedy series Grumpy Old Men and for Rick's Place, his former radio show on Planet Rock that aired until December 2010.
Wakeman was born in West London. He purchased his first electronic keyboard at 12 years of age. In 1968, he studied the piano, clarinet, orchestration and modern music at the Royal College of Music before leaving after a year in favour of session music work. He went on to feature on songs by artists including Black Sabbath,David Bowie, T. Rex, Elton John and Cat Stevens. Wakeman joined the folk group Strawbs in 1969 and played on three of their albums. He first joined Yes in 1971 to replace Tony Kaye, and left the group in 1974 to work on his solo career. He returned in 1976 before leaving with lead vocalist Jon Anderson in 1980. Wakeman was part of the side project Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe, a group of ex-Yes members formed in 1989, and the eight-member Yes line-up that followed until his third departure in 1992. He returned for two years in 1995 and once more in 2002, where he was part of the band's 35th anniversary tour until its end in 2004.
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Ricky Martin
Enrique "Ricky" Martín Morales (born December 24, 1971), better known as Ricky Martin, is a Puerto Rican pop singer and actor who achieved prominence, first as a member of the Puerto Rican boy band Menudo, then as a solo artist since 1991. Throughout his career, he has sold more than 60 million albums worldwide. He is the founder of the Ricky Martin Foundation (in Spanish Fundación Ricky Martin), a non-profit charity organization aimed at human trafficking.
Martin got his start at age twelve with the all-boy pop group Menudo; after five years with the group, he released his Spanish-language solo album, Ricky Martin, in 1991. He also acted on stage and on TV in Mexico, becoming a modest star in the country. In 1994 he starred on the American TV soap opera General Hospital, playing a Puerto Rican singer. In 1999, after several albums in Spanish, he released his first English-language album (also titled Ricky Martin), which included "Livin' la Vida Loca". The album sold 22 million copies and brought Martin international fame. His other studio albums include: Me Amarás (1993), A Medio Vivir (1995), Vuelve (1998), Sound Loaded (2000), Almas del Silencio (2003), Life (2005), and Música + Alma + Sexo (2011).
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Romina Arena
Romina Arena is an Italian-American Popera, Operatic pop, and Pop Classical Crossover singer songwriter. She was born May 12, 1980 and grew up in Palermo Sicily and now lives in Los Angeles California. She has collectively sold over four million records worldwide.
By the age of four, Arena became an Italian Mouseketeer for the Italian version of Disney's Topolino. She also performed as a classical ballerina in the major Italian Theatres at the age of seven. Her knowledge of 10 languages, including Italian, English, French, Spanish, German, Portuguese, Japanese, Greek, Bulgarian and Hebrew allowed her to open many doors to the international music market. Oscar winning film composer Ennio Morricone has been Arena's mentor since she was twelve years old. She was the first female Italian artist and songwriter to add lyrics to Morricone's famous Once Upon A Time in America movie theme. She is considered the female version of Josh Groban and her music is compared to the music of Andrea Bocelli, Enya with a Barbra Streisand flavour[citation needed]. When she was young, Arena was attacked at the backstage of a prime time television show in Sicily and her attacker severed her vocal cords with a pocket knife, leaving her comatose. Her physicians told her she would never sing again. However, she completely recovered over a three-year period. She fully regained her vocal abilities; a strange side effect of the attack was that she developed an extraordinary five-octave vocal range as a result of the trauma to her pharynx.
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Ronnie Milsap
Ronnie Lee Milsap (born January 16, 1943) is an American country music singer and pianist. He was one of country music's most popular and influential performers of the 1970s and 1980s. He became country music's first well-known blind singer, and one of the most successful and versatile country "crossover" singers of his time, appealing to both country and pop music music markets with successful songs that incorporated pop, R&B, and rock and roll elements. Milsap’s biggest crossover hits include "It Was Almost Like a Song," "Smoky Mountain Rain," "(There's) No Gettin' Over Me," "I Wouldn't Have Missed It for the World," "Any Day Now," and "Stranger in My House," among others. He is credited with six Grammy Awards and 40 number one country hits, third to George Strait and Conway Twitty.
Milsap was born in Robbinsville, North Carolina with a congenital disorder that left him almost completely blind. He was abandoned by his mother as an infant and raised by his grandparents until the age of five, when he was sent to the Governor Morehead School for the Blind in Raleigh, North Carolina. During his childhood he lost his remaining vision. Due to a developing blood clot, both his eyes were removed. Throughout his childhood he was interested in music—particularly the late-night broadcasts of country music, gospel music, and rhythm and blues. In concert, Milsap has often paid tribute to the artists who have inspired him the most including Ray Charles, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis, and Elvis Presley.
wn.com/Ronnie_Milsap -
Rudy Pérez
Rudy Pérez (born 1958) is a Cuban American musician, composer, producer, arranger, sound engineer, singer,entrepreneur and philanthropist, whose area of specialty is ballads. Having worked in a variety of genres, Pérez has received numerous awards and is considered to have achieved a high level of success with his musical ventures. During the last 30 years, he has produced more than 70 albums, composed over 1,000 songs, and has written and produced music for popular international artists such as Julio Iglesias, Raúl di Blasio, Jaci Velasquez, Cristian Castro, Christina Aguilera, Luis Fonsi, Marc Anthony, Jennifer López, Luis Miguel and José Feliciano.
As an entrepreneur, Pérez owns the record label, Rudy Pérez Enterprises (RPE), and Bullseye Productions, is a founding partner and Chief Creative Officer with DiGa Entertainment and was instrumental in the production of the premiere of the inaugural Latin Grammy Awards of 2000. and was also one of the founders of the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP)'s Latin Council
wn.com/Rudy_Pérez -
Sara Evans
Sara Lynn Evans (born February 5, 1971) is an American country singer and songwriter. For her entire career, she has been signed to RCA Records Nashville.
Evans' debut, Three Chords and the Truth, did not produce a Top 40 hit on the Hot Country Songs charts. She followed this up with No Place That Far (1998), Born to Fly (2000), Restless (2003) and Real Fine Place (2005). No Place That Far received a gold certification from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), while the other three albums all were certified platinum. These discs include the number 1 singles "No Place That Far", "Born to Fly", "Suds in the Bucket" and "A Real Fine Place to Start", plus the top 10 hits "I Could Not Ask for More" (a cover of the Edwin McCain song), "I Keep Looking", "Perfect" and "Cheatin'". Her 2007 Greatest Hits included the top 20 hits "You'll Always Be My Baby" and "As If". Stronger (2011) included her fifth number 1 hit, "A Little Bit Stronger", which was co-written by Hillary Scott of Lady Antebellum.
wn.com/Sara_Evans -
Sarah Brightman
Sarah Brightman (born 14 August 1960) is an English classical crossover soprano, actress, songwriter and dancer. She is famous for possessing a vocal range of over 3 octaves. She sings in many languages including English, Spanish, French, Latin, German, Italian, Russian, Hindi, Mandarin Chinese and Japanese.
Brightman began her career as a member of the dance troupe Hot Gossip and released several disco singles as a solo performer. In 1981, she made her West End musical theatre debut in Cats and met composer Andrew Lloyd Webber, whom she married. She went on to star in several Broadway musicals, including The Phantom of the Opera, where she originated the role of Christine Daaé. The Original London Cast Album of the musical was released in CD format in 1987 and sold over 40 million copies worldwide, making it the biggest-selling cast album of all time.
After retiring from the stage and divorcing Lloyd Webber, Brightman resumed her music career with former Enigma producer Frank Peterson, this time as a classical crossover artist. She is often credited as the creator of this genre and remains among the most prominent performers, with worldwide sales of more than 30 million records and 2 million DVDs, establishing herself as the world's best-selling soprano of all time. Her duet with the Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli, "Time To Say Goodbye", topped charts all over Europe and became the highest and fastest selling single of all time in Germany, where it stayed at the top of the charts for fourteen consecutive weeks and sold over 3 million copies. It subsequently became an international success selling 12 million copies worldwide. She has now collected over 180 gold and platinum sales awards in 38 different countries. In 2010 she was named by Billboard the 5th most influential and top-selling classical artist of the 2000s decade in the US.
wn.com/Sarah_Brightman -
Selena
Selena Quintanilla-Pérez (April 16, 1971 – March 31, 1995), known simply as Selena, was an American singer-songwriter. She was named the "top Latin artist of the '90s" and "Best selling Latin artist of the decade" by Billboard for her fourteen top-ten singles in the Top Latin Songs chart, including seven number-one hits. The singer had the most successful singles of 1994 and 1995, "Amor Prohibido" and "No Me Queda Más". She was called "The Queen of Tejano music" and the Mexican equivalent of Madonna. Selena released her first album, Selena y Los Dinos, at the age of twelve. She won Female Vocalist of the Year at the 1987 Tejano Music Awards and landed a recording contract with EMI a few years later. Her fame grew throughout the early 1990s, especially in Spanish-speaking countries.
Selena was murdered at the age of 23 by Yolanda Saldívar, the president of her fan club. On April 12, 1995, two weeks after her death, George W. Bush, governor of Texas at the time, declared her birthday "Selena Day" in Texas.Warner Bros. produced Selena, a film based on her life starring Jennifer Lopez, in 1997. Selena's life was also the basis of the musical Selena Forever starring Veronica Vazquez as Selena. In June 2006 Selena was commemorated with a life-sized bronze statue (Mirador de la Flor in Corpus Christi, Texas) and a Selena museum opened there. She has sold over 60 million albums worldwide.
wn.com/Selena -
Shakira
Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll ( /ʃəˈkɪərə/,Spanish: [t͡ʃaˈkiɾa]; born February 2, 1977),known mononymously as Shakira, is a Colombian singer-songwriter who emerged in the music scene of Colombia and Latin America in the early 1990s. Born and raised in Barranquilla, Colombia, Shakira began performing in school, demonstrating her vocal ability with rock and roll, Latin and Arabic influences with her own original twist on belly dancing. Shakira is a native Spanish speaker and also speaks fluent English and Portuguese as well as some Italian, French, Catalan and Arabic.
After a poor commercial reception with local producers on her first two albums, and being little-known outside Colombia, Shakira decided to produce her own brand of music. In 1995 she released Pies Descalzos, which brought her great fame in Latin America and Spain, and her 1998 album Dónde Están los Ladrones? was a critical success selling over 7 million copies worldwide. In 2001, aided by the worldwide success of her first English single "Whenever, Wherever" that became the best selling single of 2002, she broke through into the English-speaking world with the release of Laundry Service, which sold over 13 million copies worldwide. Four years later, Shakira released two album projects called Fijación Oral Vol. 1 and Oral Fixation Vol. 2. Both reinforced her success, particularly with the best selling song of the 2000s, "Hips Don't Lie". In 1997, Shakira founded the Pies Descalzos Foundation. It is a Colombian charity with special schools for poor children all around Colombia. During her career, Shakira has performed at a large number of benefit concerts. Among the most famous are the Live 8 benefit concert in July 2005, the Live Earth concert, Hamburg where she headlined the show, as well as the "Clinton Global Initiative" created by former US President Bill Clinton. She was also invited to the Oval Office by President Barack Obama in February 2010 to discuss early childhood development.
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Shania Twain
Shania Twain, OC ( /ʃəˌnaɪ.ə ˈtweɪn/; born Eilleen Regina Edwards; August 28, 1965) is a Canadian country pop singer-songwriter. Her album The Woman in Me (1995), brought her fame and her 1997 album Come On Over, became the best-selling album of all time by a female musician in any genre, and the best-selling country album of all time. It has sold more than 40 million copies worldwide and is the ninth best-selling album in the U.S. Her fourth album, Up!, was released in November 2002. To date it has sold 20 million copies worldwide.
Twain has won five Grammy Awards and 27 BMI Songwriter awards. She has had three albums certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America and is the second best-selling artist in Canada, behind Céline Dion, with three of her studio albums certified double diamond by the Canadian Recording Industry Association. She is the first (and currently only) female artist in history to have 3 consecutive albums reach diamond status, indicating sales of at least 10 million, certified by the RIAA. Sometimes referred to as "The Queen of Country Pop", Twain has sold more than 75 million albums worldwide and is ranked 10th best-selling artist of the Nielsen SoundScan era. She was also ranked 72nd on Billboard's "Artists of the decade" (2000–10). Most recently, Twain has her own TV series, Why Not? with Shania Twain, that premiered on the OWN on May 8, 2011. She received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on June 2, 2011.
wn.com/Shania_Twain -
Tarja Turunen
Tarja Soile Susanna Turunen Cabuli (born August 17, 1977) is a Finnish singer-songwriter and composer. She is a full lyric soprano and has a vocal range of three octaves.
Turunen studied singing at Sibelius Academy and Hochschule für Musik Karlsruhe. She is well known as a professional classical lied singer but best known as the former lead vocalist of the Finnish symphonic metal band Nightwish, which she founded with Tuomas Holopainen and Erno Vuorinen in 1996. Their combination of hard and fast guitar riffs with Turunen's classical lead vocals quickly achieved critical and commercial popularity. Their symphonic metal style, soon dubbed "opera metal", inspired many other metal bands and singers.
Turunen was dismissed from the band on October 21, 2005 for personal reasons. She started her solo career in 2006 with the release of a Christmas album called Henkäys Ikuisuudesta. In 2007, Turunen released My Winter Storm, an album featuring various styles, including alternative rock and symphonic metal and started the Storm World Tour. Turunen released her third album, What Lies Beneath, in 2010. She performed several concerts in Europe, playing in metal festivals including the Graspop Metal Meeting and the Wacken Open Air, before starting the What Lies Beneath World Tour, scheduled to last until April 2012.
wn.com/Tarja_Turunen -
Taylor Swift
Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter and occasional actress. Raised in Wyomissing, Pennsylvania, Swift moved to Nashville, Tennessee at the age of fourteen to pursue a career in country music. She signed to the independent label Big Machine Records and became the youngest songwriter ever hired by the Sony/ATV Music publishing house. The release of Swift's self-titled debut album in 2006 established her as a country music star. "Our Song", her third single, made her the youngest sole writer and singer of a number one song on the country chart. She received a Best New Artist nomination at the 50th Grammy Awards.
Swift's second album, Fearless, was released in late 2008. Buoyed by the chart success of the singles "Love Story" and "You Belong with Me", Fearless attracted a crossover audience and became the top-selling album of 2009. The record won four Grammy Awards, with Swift becoming the youngest ever Album of the Year winner. Fearless also received Album of the Year plaudits at the American Music Awards, Academy of Country Music Awards and Country Music Association Awards, making it the most awarded album in country music history. In 2010, Swift released her third album, Speak Now, which sold over one million copies in its first week. She then embarked on the 111-date Speak Now World Tour, which was attended by over 1.6 million fans and has become one of the highest-grossing concert tours of all time. The album's third single, "Mean", won two Grammy Awards for Best Country Song and Best Country Solo Performance. Swift is currently recording her fourth studio album, due for release in the fall of 2012.
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Teresa Stratas
Teresa Stratas, OC (born May 26, 1938, Toronto, Ontario), is a retired Canadian operatic soprano of Greek descent. She is especially well known for her award-winning recording of Alban Berg's Lulu.
Stratas was born Anastasia Stratakis to a struggling immigrant Cretan family in Toronto, Ontario. At age 13, she performed Greek pop songs on the radio. She graduated from The Royal Conservatory of Music in Toronto. At age 20, Stratas made her professional opera debut as Mimì in La bohème at the Toronto Opera Festival. One year later in 1959, she co-won the Metropolitan Opera National Council Auditions, appearing later that year with the Metropolitan Opera as Poussette in Manon. She created the title role in Peggy Glanville-Hicks' Nausicaa at the Herod Atticus Theatre in Athens in 1961, made her Covent Garden debut as Mimì that same year and in 1962, she made her La Scala debut as Isabella in Manuel de Falla's L'Atlántida. She continued her career with the Metropolitan Opera, moved into leading roles and performed with leading opera houses around the world, including the Bolshoi, Vienna State, Berlin, Bavarian State (Munich), Paris and San Francisco Operas as well as the Salzburg Festival.
wn.com/Teresa_Stratas -
Tim McGraw
Samuel Timothy "Tim" McGraw (born May 1, 1967) is an American country singer and actor. Many of McGraw's albums and singles have topped the country music charts with total album sales in excess of 40 million units in the US, making him the eighth best-selling artist, and the third best-selling country singer, in the Soundscan era. He is married to country singer Faith Hill and is the son of former baseball player Tug McGraw.
McGraw had 11 consecutive albums debut at Number One on the Billboard albums charts. Twenty-one singles hit No. 1 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. He has won 3 Grammys, 14 Academy of Country Music awards, 11 Country Music Association (CMA) awards, 10 American Music Awards, and 3 People's Choice Awards. His Soul2Soul II Tour with Faith Hill is the highest grossing tour in country music history, and one of the top five among all genres of music.
McGraw has ventured into acting, with supporting roles in The Blind Side (with Sandra Bullock), Friday Night Lights, The Kingdom, and Four Christmases (with Vince Vaughn and Reese Witherspoon), and lead roles in Flicka (2006) and Country Strong (2010). He was a minority owner of the Arena Football League's Nashville Kats. Taylor Swift's debut single, "Tim McGraw", refers to him and his song, "Can't Tell Me Nothin'".
wn.com/Tim_McGraw -
Vanessa Mae
Vanessa-Mae Vanakorn Nicholson (born 27 October 1978), known professionally as Vanessa-Mae (in Chinese: 陳美, Chén Měi), is an internationally known British violinist. Her music style is self-described as "violin techno-acoustic fusion", as several of her albums prominently feature the techno style. A former child prodigy, she became a successful crossover violinist with album sales reaching several millions, having made her the wealthiest young entertainer in the United Kingdom in 2006.
Vanessa-Mae was born in Singapore to Vorapong Vanakorn, an English hotelier of Thai descent, and Pamela Soei Luang Tan, a Chinese lawyer and semi-professional concert pianist. After her parents separated, her mother married Graham Nicholson, a British attorney who adopted Vanessa-Mae, and the family moved to England when Vanessa-Mae was four years old. She grew up in London and holds British citizenship. She began playing piano at the age of three and violin at five.
At the age of eight she attended the Francis Holland School in central London, and at eleven, after her concert debut in 1988, she enrolled at the Royal College of Music in London.
wn.com/Vanessa_Mae -
Whitney Houston
Whitney Elizabeth Houston (August 9, 1963 – February 11, 2012) was an American recording artist, actress, producer, and model. In 2009, the Guinness World Records cited her as the most-awarded female act of all-time. Houston was one of the world's best-selling music artists, having sold over 170 million albums, singles and videos worldwide. She released seven studio albums and three movie soundtrack albums, all of which have diamond, multi-platinum, platinum or gold certification. Houston's crossover appeal on the popular music charts, as well as her prominence on MTV, starting with her video for "How Will I Know", influenced several African American female artists to follow in her footsteps.
Houston is the only artist to chart seven consecutive No. 1 Billboard Hot 100 hits. She is the second artist behind Elton John and the only female artist to have two number-one Billboard 200 Album awards (formerly "Top Pop Album") on the Billboard magazine year-end charts. Houston's 1985 debut album Whitney Houston became the best-selling debut album by a female act at the time of its release. The album was named Rolling Stone's best album of 1986, and was ranked at number 254 on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time. Her second studio album Whitney (1987) became the first album by a female artist to debut at number one on the Billboard 200 albums chart.
wn.com/Whitney_Houston -
Will Smith
Willard Christopher "Will" Smith, Jr. (born September 25, 1968), also known by his stage name The Fresh Prince, is an American actor, producer, and rapper. He has enjoyed success in television, film and music. In April 2007, Newsweek called him the most powerful actor in Hollywood. Smith has been nominated for four Golden Globe Awards, two Academy Awards, and has won multiple Grammy Awards.
In the late 1980s, Smith achieved modest fame as a rapper under the name The Fresh Prince. In 1990, his popularity increased dramatically when he starred in the popular television series The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air. The show ran for nearly six years (1990–1996) on NBC and has been syndicated consistently on various networks since then. In the mid-1990s, Smith moved from television to film, and ultimately starred in numerous blockbuster films. He is the only actor to have eight consecutive films gross over $100 million in the domestic box office and the only one to have eight consecutive films in which he starred open at #1 spot in the domestic box office tally.
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Willie Nelson
Willie Hugh Nelson (pronounced /wɪli nɛlsən /; born April 30, 1933) is an American country music singer-songwriter, as well as an author, poet, actor, and activist. The critical success of the album Shotgun Willie (1973), combined with the critical and commercial success of Red Headed Stranger (1975) and Stardust (1978), made Nelson one of the most recognized artists in country music. He was one of the main figures of outlaw country, a subgenre of country music that developed at the end of the 1960s as a reaction to the conservative restrictions of the Nashville sound. Nelson has acted in over 30 films, co-authored several books, and has been involved in activism for the use of biofuels and the legalization of marijuana.
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Wyclef Jean
Wyclef Jeanelle Jean (/ˈwaɪklɪf ˈʒɑːn/; Haitian Creole pronunciation: [wajklɛf ʒã]; born October 17, 1969) is a Haitian American musician, record producer, and politician. At age nine, Jean moved to the United States with his family and has spent much of his life in the country. He first received fame as a member of the acclaimed New Jersey hip hop group the Fugees.
On August 5, 2010, Jean filed for candidacy in the 2010 Haitian presidential election, although the Electoral Commission subsequently ruled him ineligible to stand as he had not met the requirement to have been resident in Haiti for five years.
Although his birth date was widely given as October 17, 1972, papers filed for his run as a candidate for the presidency of Haiti, disclosed that he was, in fact, born in 1969. Born in Croix-des-Bouquets, Haiti, the son of a Nazarene pastor, Wyclef moved with his family to Brooklyn, New York, when he was nine before moving again to northern New Jersey. Jean has cited reggae artist Bigga Haitian as one of his early influences, as well as neighborhood heroes MC Tiger Paw Raw and producer Lobster v. Crab. Jean graduated from Vailsburg High School in Newark, briefly attended Eastern Nazarene College in Massachusetts, and finished one semester at Five Towns College in New York. Jean has been a resident of Saddle River, South Orange, and North Caldwell, New Jersey. In 2009, Jean enrolled in the Berklee College of Music.
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Crossover - Music Will Never Stop
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:18
- Updated: 22 Dec 2012
2003
http://wn.com/Crossover_Music_Will_Never_Stop
QuintElle Live Performance/ classical crossover music
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:58
- Updated: 19 Dec 2012
www.quintelle.ru String electric quintet. Live performance in Moscow. Five sisters: Lushchevskaya Ganna (piano), Lushchevskaya Khristiana (viola), Lushchevskaya Uliana (cello), Lushchevskaya Stefaniya (violin), Lushchevskaya Vasilisa (harp).
http://wn.com/QuintElle_Live_Performance_classical_crossover_music
www.quintelle.ru String electric quintet. Live performance in Moscow. Five sisters: Lushchevskaya Ganna (piano), Lushchevskaya Khristiana (viola), Lushchevskaya Uliana (cello), Lushchevskaya Stefaniya (violin), Lushchevskaya Vasilisa (harp).
- published: 12 Apr 2011
- views: 3133
- author: Stefaniya Lushchevskaya
111 Disney/Non-Disney Princess Crossover Music Video "It's Not Just Make Believe" Kari Kimmel
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:07
- Updated: 21 Dec 2012
i made this video of 111 princesses on 11-11-11 because it just made sense :) yes it was VERY hard considering i had to find this many clips and more to get what i needed! If you want to know who one of the girls are, comment and tell me the time stamp or the description of the girl and ill tell you :) by the way most of those tags are automatic and i dont know lol DISCLAIMER: I DO NOT OWN ANYTHING the clips are to Disney and their actual makers/comp[any/peoples i DONT own the song either enjoy :)
http://wn.com/111_Disney_Non-Disney_Princess_Crossover_Music_Video_It's_Not_Just_Make_Believe_Kari_Kimmel
i made this video of 111 princesses on 11-11-11 because it just made sense :) yes it was VERY hard considering i had to find this many clips and more to get what i needed! If you want to know who one of the girls are, comment and tell me the time stamp or the description of the girl and ill tell you :) by the way most of those tags are automatic and i dont know lol DISCLAIMER: I DO NOT OWN ANYTHING the clips are to Disney and their actual makers/comp[any/peoples i DONT own the song either enjoy :)
- published: 12 Nov 2011
- views: 13116
- author: StarKeeper153
LIFE IS HOPE | Grace 8
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:39
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
ชีวิตคือความหวัง เพลงใหม่ล่าสุดจาก Grace ร้องโดย เอกพันธ์ วรรณสุทธิ์ (เพียวKPN) เพลงแรกจากอัลบั้ม Grace 8 ถ้าหากชีวิตของคุณต้องการความหวัง เรามีคำตอบให้กับคุณ โหลดเพลงนี้ได้ฟรีที่ www.crossovermusic.me CROSSOVER Facebook : www.facebook.com อยากรู้จักอัลบั้ม Grace : www.crossovermusic.me We Thank | Pure KPN : www.crossovermusic.me
http://wn.com/LIFE_IS_HOPE_|_Grace_8
ชีวิตคือความหวัง เพลงใหม่ล่าสุดจาก Grace ร้องโดย เอกพันธ์ วรรณสุทธิ์ (เพียวKPN) เพลงแรกจากอัลบั้ม Grace 8 ถ้าหากชีวิตของคุณต้องการความหวัง เรามีคำตอบให้กับคุณ โหลดเพลงนี้ได้ฟรีที่ www.crossovermusic.me CROSSOVER Facebook : www.facebook.com อยากรู้จักอัลบั้ม Grace : www.crossovermusic.me We Thank | Pure KPN : www.crossovermusic.me
- published: 22 Dec 2011
- views: 105735
- author: crossoverbkk
Carl Butler - Don't Let Me Cross Over
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:06
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
I wonder where Pearl was that night
http://wn.com/Carl_Butler_Don't_Let_Me_Cross_Over
The Kendalls - Don't Let Me Cross Over
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:56
- Updated: 21 Dec 2012
Father-Daughter Duo!
http://wn.com/The_Kendalls_Don't_Let_Me_Cross_Over
TEMPLO DJ MUSIC STORE MUSICA CROSSOVER
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:12
- Updated: 05 Jul 2012
PIONEER DJM-2000
http://wn.com/TEMPLO_DJ_MUSIC_STORE_MUSICA_CROSSOVER
This Week in YouTube - Miley Cyrus at Much Music Video Awards, and Ke$ha Tik Tok Star Trek Crossover
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:09
- Updated: 16 Nov 2012
On today's This Week In Youtube #105. MIley Cyrus beefs it at Canada's Much Music Video Awards, Ke$ha crosses over to the final frontier, and WTF Japan! Join Lon Harris and Judalina Neira as they bring you the hottest videos on Youtube. Snoop Dogg "Oh Sookie" True Blood Music Video HD: www.youtube.com The Famous Cheese Guy: www.youtube.com Hey There Keanu by Azured and SenorZorro2000: www.youtube.com Star Trek: Tik Tok: www.youtube.com WTF Japan Seriously!?: www.youtube.com DC Metro Dancer: www.youtube.com Miley Cyrus and Jonathan Towes Mess Up While Introducing Drake MMVA's: www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/This_Week_in_YouTube_Miley_Cyrus_at_Much_Music_Video_Awards,_and_Keha_Tik_Tok_Star_Trek_Crossover
On today's This Week In Youtube #105. MIley Cyrus beefs it at Canada's Much Music Video Awards, Ke$ha crosses over to the final frontier, and WTF Japan! Join Lon Harris and Judalina Neira as they bring you the hottest videos on Youtube. Snoop Dogg "Oh Sookie" True Blood Music Video HD: www.youtube.com The Famous Cheese Guy: www.youtube.com Hey There Keanu by Azured and SenorZorro2000: www.youtube.com Star Trek: Tik Tok: www.youtube.com WTF Japan Seriously!?: www.youtube.com DC Metro Dancer: www.youtube.com Miley Cyrus and Jonathan Towes Mess Up While Introducing Drake MMVA's: www.youtube.com
- published: 23 Jun 2010
- views: 105339
- author: ThisWeekIn
Carl and Pearl Butler - Don't Let Me Cross Over
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:41
- Updated: 24 Dec 2012
Rough-hewn, pure country.
http://wn.com/Carl_and_Pearl_Butler_Don't_Let_Me_Cross_Over
RDX - Jump (Official Music Video) May. 2012.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:57
- Updated: 26 Dec 2012
Jump performed by RDX. Produced by Apt.19 Music. (C) 2012. Buy It: itunes.apple.com Facebook:RDX Musiq Page RDX Renigade RDX Delomar Twitter: @rdxmusic @rdxrenigade @delomardx BlackBerry PIN: 2366DCA7 Bookings: BookRDX@gmail.com RDX - Jump (Official Music Video) May. 2012 RDX - Jump (Official Music Video) May. 2012 RDX - Jump (Official Music Video) May. 2012 RDX - Jump (Official Music Video) May. 2012 RDX - Jump (Official Music Video) May. 2012
http://wn.com/RDX_Jump_Official_Music_Video_May_2012
Jump performed by RDX. Produced by Apt.19 Music. (C) 2012. Buy It: itunes.apple.com Facebook:RDX Musiq Page RDX Renigade RDX Delomar Twitter: @rdxmusic @rdxrenigade @delomardx BlackBerry PIN: 2366DCA7 Bookings: BookRDX@gmail.com RDX - Jump (Official Music Video) May. 2012 RDX - Jump (Official Music Video) May. 2012 RDX - Jump (Official Music Video) May. 2012 RDX - Jump (Official Music Video) May. 2012 RDX - Jump (Official Music Video) May. 2012
- published: 26 May 2012
- views: 2437102
- author: rdxplanet
The "Shake and Bake Crossover" of "Jamal Crawford"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:46
- Updated: 23 Dec 2012
My Jamal Crawford Crossover Mix Music Includes: "Song Cry" by: Jay-z Follow Jamal Crawford on twitter: www.twitter.com
http://wn.com/The_Shake_and_Bake_Crossover_of_Jamal_Crawford
My Jamal Crawford Crossover Mix Music Includes: "Song Cry" by: Jay-z Follow Jamal Crawford on twitter: www.twitter.com
- published: 14 Jan 2012
- views: 112972
- author: kiki5030babii
Non/Disney Crossover - Mocha Chino & Omar - What Do You Want From Me
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:13
- Updated: 26 Dec 2012
YES I pitched Adam's voice to give the illusion of a duet. I also edited the length of the song. So, please, no more questions about it and if you're going to use it for something please give me credit. Thanks! AND YES, I KNOW there's a mistake in the credits! I forgot to list the 2nd Goofy Movie (I used both), so sue me XD. ~ Surprise! Happy Easter! I started this last month after I saw a crossover with Angel from Rock and Rule, though I don't remember which one lol. I was going to do a crossover with Angel and Max Goof but once I saw Omar and Mocha (she's technically nameless, so I gave her a name :P) side by side I had to do this instead. This was a little different for me, since I don't often work with non-human characters (Bambi and Kovu being the exception), but also because I've never seen Rock and Rule. I actually never had the desire to see that movie since I'm not a fan of cartoons-for-adults (despite being a full-fledged adult :P) but I was excited to find out that it was Canadian XD. So anyway, since I also gave up watching movies for Lent, I just went through R&R; in Vegas and grabbed clips. Apologies for the liquidly plot! Since each of these character hardly had any clips (let alone decent clips!) I did my best with what I had. Also, I know the masking could've been better in some spots but I did not want to put in the time to fix it since it was a minor projects. The only time I'm going to spent 2 hours editing a second-long clip is in a project like ...
http://wn.com/Non_Disney_Crossover_Mocha_Chino_Omar_What_Do_You_Want_From_Me
YES I pitched Adam's voice to give the illusion of a duet. I also edited the length of the song. So, please, no more questions about it and if you're going to use it for something please give me credit. Thanks! AND YES, I KNOW there's a mistake in the credits! I forgot to list the 2nd Goofy Movie (I used both), so sue me XD. ~ Surprise! Happy Easter! I started this last month after I saw a crossover with Angel from Rock and Rule, though I don't remember which one lol. I was going to do a crossover with Angel and Max Goof but once I saw Omar and Mocha (she's technically nameless, so I gave her a name :P) side by side I had to do this instead. This was a little different for me, since I don't often work with non-human characters (Bambi and Kovu being the exception), but also because I've never seen Rock and Rule. I actually never had the desire to see that movie since I'm not a fan of cartoons-for-adults (despite being a full-fledged adult :P) but I was excited to find out that it was Canadian XD. So anyway, since I also gave up watching movies for Lent, I just went through R&R; in Vegas and grabbed clips. Apologies for the liquidly plot! Since each of these character hardly had any clips (let alone decent clips!) I did my best with what I had. Also, I know the masking could've been better in some spots but I did not want to put in the time to fix it since it was a minor projects. The only time I'm going to spent 2 hours editing a second-long clip is in a project like ...
- published: 24 Apr 2011
- views: 154406
- author: xNightshadex
THE BLOODY BEETROOTS DEATH CREW 77 Live CrossOver Festival
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:10
- Updated: 24 Dec 2012
The Bloody Beetroots Death Crew 77 Live CrossOver Festival..! Best of All!
http://wn.com/THE_BLOODY_BEETROOTS_DEATH_CREW_77_Live_CrossOver_Festival
The Bloody Beetroots Death Crew 77 Live CrossOver Festival..! Best of All!
- published: 28 Sep 2010
- views: 38694
- author: Víctor Agnelli
![SYRENICA | Crossover (Magnetic Man Cover) [FREE DOWNLOAD]](http://web.archive.org./web/20121226025024im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/diF73zQlwgM/default.jpg "SYRENICA | Crossover (Magnetic Man Cover) [FREE DOWNLOAD]")
SYRENICA | Crossover (Magnetic Man Cover) [FREE DOWNLOAD]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:52
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
Download now for free from: www.facebook.com This is SYRENICA, production by Andy Land. Here's some feedback I've had... - 'Wow... Epic' Benga from Magnetic Man - 'I think you smashed it...' Artwork from Magnetic Man - 'You took the concept we explored with Nero's Symphony 2808 last March and ran with it. Big ups, you smish smashed it!!' MistaJam, BBC Radio 1 DJ - 'Check out this clever arrangement by Andy Land as he shows you how to get the most out of your Ultranova! Not to mention how to make a top quality vid too.' Novation Music Rachel Hirons | Vocals Charles Bines | Drums Andy Land | Keyboards and Production Featuring the orchestration by Jessica Littlewood, and the University of Surrey Orchestra, conducted by Sierra Schwartz Session Assistants: Emma Towers-Evans Greg McAllister A massive thank you to everyone involved, especially the orchestra for not minding (too much) about playing in a key with 6 flats... Thanks also to Martin Rowe for lending the Novation Ultranova, and to Russell Keable for allowing us to use his Orchestra. Recorded as part of the Tonmeister course at the Institute of Sound Recording, University of Surrey www.tonmeister.co.uk Follow SYRENICA on Facebook: www.facebook.com Soundcloud: www.soundcloud.com Twitter: @SyrenicaUK Please check out Rachel's other Band, Strobe Circus, for more of her amazing vocals: Website: www.strobecircus.com Facebook: www.facebook.com Soundcloud: www.soundcloud.com Twitter: @strobecircus Follow me for updates on ...
http://wn.com/SYRENICA_|_Crossover_Magnetic_Man_Cover_FREE_DOWNLOAD_
Download now for free from: www.facebook.com This is SYRENICA, production by Andy Land. Here's some feedback I've had... - 'Wow... Epic' Benga from Magnetic Man - 'I think you smashed it...' Artwork from Magnetic Man - 'You took the concept we explored with Nero's Symphony 2808 last March and ran with it. Big ups, you smish smashed it!!' MistaJam, BBC Radio 1 DJ - 'Check out this clever arrangement by Andy Land as he shows you how to get the most out of your Ultranova! Not to mention how to make a top quality vid too.' Novation Music Rachel Hirons | Vocals Charles Bines | Drums Andy Land | Keyboards and Production Featuring the orchestration by Jessica Littlewood, and the University of Surrey Orchestra, conducted by Sierra Schwartz Session Assistants: Emma Towers-Evans Greg McAllister A massive thank you to everyone involved, especially the orchestra for not minding (too much) about playing in a key with 6 flats... Thanks also to Martin Rowe for lending the Novation Ultranova, and to Russell Keable for allowing us to use his Orchestra. Recorded as part of the Tonmeister course at the Institute of Sound Recording, University of Surrey www.tonmeister.co.uk Follow SYRENICA on Facebook: www.facebook.com Soundcloud: www.soundcloud.com Twitter: @SyrenicaUK Please check out Rachel's other Band, Strobe Circus, for more of her amazing vocals: Website: www.strobecircus.com Facebook: www.facebook.com Soundcloud: www.soundcloud.com Twitter: @strobecircus Follow me for updates on ...
- published: 15 Feb 2012
- views: 121117
- author: andyland1349
RudeBoy - Jordan Cross Over (Official Video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:55
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
Double AA's Cush Entertainment www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/RudeBoy_Jordan_Cross_Over_Official_Video
Double AA's Cush Entertainment www.facebook.com
- published: 13 Dec 2012
- views: 580
- author: Double AAs
Magnetic Man Ft. Katy B - Crossover
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:16
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
Magnetic Man - Crossover (Feat. Katy B) (c) (C) 2010 Sony Music Entertainment UK Limited
http://wn.com/Magnetic_Man_Ft_Katy_B_Crossover
Magnetic Man - Crossover (Feat. Katy B) (c) (C) 2010 Sony Music Entertainment UK Limited
- published: 30 Sep 2010
- views: 270644
- author: ckbUK
Drum Lesson 5: Crossover fill
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:26
- Updated: 11 Dec 2012
I got the original fill from one of Mike Johnstons live lessons www.mikeslessons.com Also check out my drum blog for more Transcriptions, Lessons and Articles: samnadel.blogspot.co.uk
http://wn.com/Drum_Lesson_5_Crossover_fill
I got the original fill from one of Mike Johnstons live lessons www.mikeslessons.com Also check out my drum blog for more Transcriptions, Lessons and Articles: samnadel.blogspot.co.uk
- published: 25 Sep 2008
- views: 27623
- author: samnadel
brainstorm - lovin' is really my game
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:33
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
classic crossover got 3 mint copys lol
http://wn.com/brainstorm_lovin'_is_really_my_game
Time
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:03
- Updated: 18 Dec 2012
Time ALAN PARSONS PROJECT With Lyrics
http://wn.com/Time
![[Interview] Deen Burbigo x Taipan for CyclonesMag.FR](http://web.archive.org./web/20121226025024im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/WgPmyJn5450/default.jpg "[Interview] Deen Burbigo x Taipan for CyclonesMag.FR")
[Interview] Deen Burbigo x Taipan for CyclonesMag.FR
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 17:29
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
Interview crossover de Deen Burbigo (L'Entourage) x Taipan en exclusivité sur Cyclones Magazine. FILMED by Francis MANZENGO // EDITED and INTERVIEWED by Thana Le Kidd Vous pourrez retrouver plus d'infos et d'interviews sur : CyclonesMag.fr www.cyclonesmag.fr http twitter.com cyclonesmagazine.tumblr.com
http://wn.com/_Interview_Deen_Burbigo_x_Taipan_for_CyclonesMagFR
Interview crossover de Deen Burbigo (L'Entourage) x Taipan en exclusivité sur Cyclones Magazine. FILMED by Francis MANZENGO // EDITED and INTERVIEWED by Thana Le Kidd Vous pourrez retrouver plus d'infos et d'interviews sur : CyclonesMag.fr www.cyclonesmag.fr http twitter.com cyclonesmagazine.tumblr.com
- published: 06 Oct 2012
- views: 21351
- author: Cyclones Mag
EPMD - Symphony 2000 ft. Redman, Method Man, Lady Luck
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:03
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
Music video by EPMD performing Symphony 2000. (C) 1999 Def Jam/RAL
http://wn.com/EPMD_Symphony_2000_ft_Redman,_Method_Man,_Lady_Luck
Music video by EPMD performing Symphony 2000. (C) 1999 Def Jam/RAL
- published: 07 Oct 2009
- views: 1398264
- author: EPMDVEVO
Pilence pee - The Great Voices of Bulgaria, Conductor Ilia Mihaylov
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:10
- Updated: 24 Dec 2012
Concert "Balkan Crossover", Sofia, Bulgaria, 09.01.2011 Participants: Women's Choir The Great Voices of Bulgaria, László Fassang (organ), Balázs Dongó Szokolay (pipe, flute, saxophone), conductor Ilia Mihaylov Pilence pee -- Arr. Krasimir Kyurkchiyski
http://wn.com/Pilence_pee_The_Great_Voices_of_Bulgaria,_Conductor_Ilia_Mihaylov
Concert "Balkan Crossover", Sofia, Bulgaria, 09.01.2011 Participants: Women's Choir The Great Voices of Bulgaria, László Fassang (organ), Balázs Dongó Szokolay (pipe, flute, saxophone), conductor Ilia Mihaylov Pilence pee -- Arr. Krasimir Kyurkchiyski
- published: 30 Jun 2011
- views: 92843
- author: BulgarianMusicalSoc
Derrick Rose-The evolution of crossover
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:02
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
music : Tinie Tempah-Pass Out (sorry about the last minute)
http://wn.com/Derrick_Rose-The_evolution_of_crossover
music : Tinie Tempah-Pass Out (sorry about the last minute)
- published: 24 Jun 2011
- views: 1382727
- author: Bill Manassas
photo: AP / Virginie Nguyen Huang
23 Dec 2012
Tweet. Moscow, Dec 23 (IANS/RIA Novosti) Chemical weapons in Syria are under the control of the government, which has consolidated them in one or two locations, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said. "As of right now, the (Syrian) government is doing all it can to safeguard those weapons," he said. "We are following all leads concerning chemical weapons," Lavrov said ... "My answer is very simple. Why use us as a postman ... pm/ ... ) .. ). ... . ....(size: 3.2Kb)
photo: Creative Commons / Giorgione
24 Dec 2012
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. A deadly silence immediately followed after a bullet penetrated the calf's skull. Against my wishes, Vic had decided against either amputating its leg or contacting a veterinarian-something he reasoned would have been too expensive. The unfortunate calf had slid down into a ravine where its hind leg, which was mangled and torn, became wrapped in barbed wire ... But it was more than a bellow ... 9....(size: 6.3Kb)
photo: Creative Commons / Axou
24 Dec 2012
Steve Jobs was controversial in life, and now his high-tech mega-yacht is associated with a controversy long after his death. The former Apple CEO's ship was impounded in Amsterdam in the middle of a financial battle over a disputed bill. Phillippe Starck, a French product designer and architect, has alleged that Jobs' heirs owe him 3 million euros for his work on Venus, the 256-foot yacht Jobs commissioned before his death ... ... ....(size: 2.6Kb)
photo: AP / Altaf Qadri
23 Dec 2012
A commission will be set up to probe the gang-rape and torture of a 23-year-old woman in Delhi and measures to ensure such crimes do not recur while laws will be amended to enhance punishment for rape, Home Minister Sushilkumar Shinde said . He also appealed the thousands of protesters on the capital’s streets, demanding justice for the victim, to withdraw ... “The government is serious on the issue. ... . . ....(size: 2.4Kb)
photo: AP / Musadeq Sadeq
24 Dec 2012
KABUL, Afghanistan (AP) — An Afghan policewoman shot and killed an American adviser outside the police headquarters in Kabul on Monday, the latest in a rising tide of insider attacks by Afghans against their foreign allies, senior Afghan officials said. The woman, identified as Afghan police Sgt ... The woman was taken into Afghan custody shortly after the attack ... As many Afghans, the policewoman uses only one name ... Air Force Lt. Col ... Gen ... ....(size: 4.6Kb)
Chicago Tribune
26 Dec 2012
Kendall Pollard can boost his Simeon teammates' spirits in two ways. The first earned the Wolverines senior the title of "Team Clown" from guard Jaylon Tate and typically involves locker-room impressions of coach Robert Smith and Chicago rapper Chief Keef ... "I've always been the guy with the most joy," Pollard said. "When I see somebody down, I try to crack a joke to cheer them up." ... And I can steal it on a crossover." ... ....(size: 3.7Kb)
San Francisco Chronicle
26 Dec 2012
In the first 10 months of 2012, the Oakland company paid $182.1 million in music royalties, or 60 percent of revenue. With the music streaming company forecasting a fourth-quarter loss, and competition intensifying from SiriusXM, Spotify and Apple, Pandora's stock was off about 6 percent for the year while the tech-laden Nasdaq Composite Index advanced 17 percent....(size: 4.7Kb)
The Times of India
26 Dec 2012
There were dance performances to the music from Hindi, Marathi folk and tribal music by the visual, hearing and speech impaired ... So we decided to teach them skills and began with special training in music ... The Amtes chose music not only because it helps in breaking down barriers but also because it is therapeutic. "Music is a way to feel joy and give joy to others....(size: 3.0Kb)
The Examiner
26 Dec 2012
Yahoo Daily News
26 Dec 2012
Santa Fe, NM (PRWEB) December 25, 2012 Santa Fe dining institution and reliable entertainment hotspot Cowgirl has been serving the goods to visitors and locals when it comes to great food and music since 1993 ... Man No Sober - Roots rock - Eric George has been making music for over 20 years, sharing the stage with top diverse national artists from Buddy Guy to Buddy Miles, Rascal Flatts to Keith Urban, Brett Michaels, and Kid Rock....(size: 2.3Kb)
The Verge
26 Dec 2012
I wish I kept my L800, the 8S is toss. Posted by suckdontblow on December 25, 2012 07.59 pm 0 ... Texting and Music ... Music. I've just transferred 8GB of music onto a new 32GB Samsung class 6 MicroSD ... Zune was the thing I loved most about WP7, I enjoyed playing music from a phone for once - now it's a pain, and frustrating ... Keyboard/texting ... Camera ... Shutdown and Startup ... ....(size: 2.0Kb)
Japan Times
26 Dec 2012
And while it's not certain how this will be enforced, there's a window here for streaming-media services to jump in with offerings for music, movie and television content on a free or subscription basis ... On the music side, standout local startup Beatrobo has cleverly skirted potential copyright issues by providing an interface where its users can consume music served from YouTube and SoundCloud....(size: 7.4Kb)
Canberra Times
26 Dec 2012
While on hip-hop, another of the year's best was the second album from LA's Kendrick Lamar while the album of the year, Channel Orange from Frank Ocean, used hip-hop alongside soul and electronic music for a potent combination of the personal and the parenthetical ... You'll be reading about them in the international music mags next year....(size: 3.3Kb)
The Miami Herald
26 Dec 2012
Known as “Jeihhco” and “El Duke,” the pair went on to establish a prominent rap group, Comando Elite de Ataque, and the Kolacho music school to keep young people off the streets in Comuna 13, one of Medellín’s most troubled districts ... In the aftermath of El Duke’s murder, a music video by his hip-hop collective was posted online....(size: 3.7Kb)
noodls
26 Dec 2012
24, 2012 (Halifax, NS) -HRM is inviting you to bring your family out to the Emera Oval on New Year's Eve for a spectacular afternoon and evening of skating, free face painting, live music, and fireworks. Kicking off the music show at 5 p.m ... Local Big Band heroes, the Jubilee Swing Orchestra, will be fronted by none other than four-time Music Nova ......(size: 2.7Kb)
The Examiner
26 Dec 2012
“I have been involved in music from an early age, primarily as a songwriter” and while he may also “enjoy performing” he adds. “I suppose my primary goal is that some of (my) songs will find their way to a real singer.” While modesty might be a nice trait for most people, the music industry would be lacking some major players if all artists felt that way....(size: 4.5Kb)
my SA
26 Dec 2012
For me, sometimes when the inspiration comes, I'm on the computer calculating royalties or thinking about the next wave of music distribution, such as download cards ... With the center, I want to use music as a way to break down barriers. There's an organization called Guitars Not Guns that helps prevent violence by getting kids into music ... "There's such a beautiful thing that goes on with music when you have good intentions."....(size: 4.9Kb)
BBC News
26 Dec 2012
Actors, comedians, politicians and sporting greats - the past 12 months have seen the passing of many famous faces ... Music by The Monkees, Max Bygraves, Deep Purple, Bert Weedon, the Bee Gees and KPM Music....(size: 1.4Kb)
This article is about the general use of the term in popular music. For other uses, see Crossover.
Crossover is a term applied to musical works or performers appearing on two or more of the record charts which track differing musical tastes, or genres.[1] If the second chart is a record chart, such as a "Hot 100" list, the work is not a crossover since the pop charts only track popularity and do not constitute a separate genre.
In some contexts the term "crossover" can have negative connotations, implying the watering-down of a music's distinctive qualities to accommodate to mass tastes. For example, in the early years of rock and roll, many songs originally recorded by African-American musicians were re-recorded by white artists such as Pat Boone in a more toned-down style, often with changed lyrics, that lacked the hard edge of the original versions. These covers were popular with a much broader audience.
In practice crossover frequently results from the appearance of the music in question in a film soundtrack. For instance, Sacred Harp music experienced a spurt of crossover popularity as a result of its appearance in the 2003 film Cold Mountain, and bluegrass music experienced a revival due to the reception of 2000's O Brother, Where Art Thou?. Even atonal music, which tends to be less popular among classical enthusiasts, has a kind of crossover niche, since it is widely used in filmmaking and television production scores "to depict an approaching menace", as noted by Charles Rosen.[citation needed]
The largest figure to date for a crossover hit in the US has come from Grammy Award-winning country singer LeAnn Rimes[citation needed], whose song "How Do I Live" sold over 3 million copies and spent a world record breaking 69 weeks on the Hot 100 chart, more than any other song in history at the time, despite peaking only at number 2.[citation needed] It was also a massive hit in Europe.[citation needed]
Contents |
Classical crossover[link]
See also: Operatic pop
Popular Classics[link]
Particular works of classical music sometimes become popular among individuals who mostly listen to popular music. Some classical works that achieved crossover status in the twentieth century include the Canon in D by Johann Pachelbel, the Symphony No. 3 by Henryk Górecki, and the second movement of Mozart's Piano Concerto No. 21, K. 467 (from its appearance in the 1967 film Elvira Madigan).
Such popularity has undoubtedly been assisted by the use of classical music in advertising campaigns. For example, the long-running British Airways advertisements familiarised a large viewing public with a duet from the opera Lakmé, by Léo Delibes.
Another means of generating vast popularity for the classics has been through their use as inspirational anthems in sports settings. The aria "Nessun Dorma" from Puccini's Turandot has become indissolubly linked with soccer.
Classical to pop - and vice-versa[link]
Within the classical recording industry the term "crossover" is applied particularly to classical artists' recordings of popular repertoire such as Broadway show tunes. Two examples of this are Lesley Garrett's excursions into musical comedy, and also José Carreras recording West Side Story, as well as Teresa Stratas recording Showboat. Soprano Eileen Farrell is generally considered to be the first classical singer to have a successful crossover recording with her 1960 album "I've Got a Right to Sing the Blues".[2]
The Three Tenors was a landmark concert in which Pavarotti, Carreras and Domingo brought a combination of opera, Neapolitan folksong, musical theatre and pop to a vast television audience. This laid the foundations for classical crossover as we know it today.
Pop singers have consistently sought to attain a symphonic or operatic dimension in their writing and performance. A seminal early example is Une Nuit A Paris, a seminal mini rock opera from The Original Soundtrack (1975) by 10cc. Other pioneering works include The Moody Blues's Days of Future Passed (1967), Deep Purple's Concerto for Group and Orchestra (1969) and Gemini Suite Live (1970) as well as Rick Wakeman's Journey to the Centre of the Earth (1974) and The Myths and Legends of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table (1975). More recent examples include "Genuine Imitation Life" from Genuine Imitation Life Gazette (1996) by The Four Seasons, as well as Metallica's S&M (1999).
Collaborations between classical and popular performers have included Sting and Edin Karamazov's album Songs from the Labyrinth. An iconic collaboration between the late Freddie Mercury and Montserrat Caballé resulted in the worldwide hit "Barcelona".
The aspiration of classical singers to appeal to a wide pop audience is exemplified by the career of Rhydian. Classically trained, Rhydian appeared in the UK version of the pop talent show X Factor (4th series, 2007, placed second). His four albums and subsequent appearances have straddled pop, classical, musical theatre and religious television fields.
This also applies to classically trained instrumentalists, such as Vanessa Mae, Bond_(band), Escala, Sterling EQ or Catya Maré.
Conversely, the aspiration of pop singers to develop the stamina, musicality and charisma for opera singing was exploited in 2010 in the ITV television series aired in the UK, Popstar to Operastar, won by Darius Campbell.
Sarah Brightman, called the best-selling soprano of all time,[3] is considered a crossover classical artist,[4] having released albums of classical, folk, pop and musical-theatre music. Brightman dislikes the classical crossover label, though she has said she understands the need to categorize music.[5]
Finnish operatic rock soprano, Tarja Turunen is the most popular singer performing rock and metal as well as classical music in Finland and throughout Europe. Tarja uses her classical technique in all of her songs. She gained popularity with her former symphonic metal band Nightwish. She has sold millions of copies of her albums almost everywhere. Tarja has released two classical & several metal albums.
Italian pop tenor, Andrea Bocelli, who is the biggest-selling singer in the history of Classical music,[6][7][8][9] is sometimes described as the king of Classical Crossover.[10][11]
Romina Arena is considered to be one of the most prominent female Classical Crossover singers in the world[12] and sometimes is referred to as the “Queen of Popera”.[13] She displays a depth of emotion that runs from Pop music to the richly-woven tapestries of Classical. Her audiences know that her voice soars without effort in a five Octave vocal range, and can carry a melody in 10 different languages, which she speaks with facility.[14] Romina writes and produces all of he rmusic, sings and speaks fluently in eleven different languages.
Christchurch soprano Hayley Westenra is primarily a classical performer, whose Pure CD has been named the United Kingdom's biggest-selling classical album of the 21st century so far.[15] Along with her well-known classical repertoire, she also performs a mixture of easy listening, folk and pop style songs and bridges classical music to worldwide audiences with her uncommon ability to sing in English, Māori, Italian, German, Japanese, Mandarin Chinese, Taiwanese, Irish, Welsh, French, Portuguese, Quenya, Latin and Celtic.[16]
The television talent shows America's Got Talent and Britain's Got Talent introduced two popular classical crossover performers, Paul Potts in 2007 and Jackie Evancho in 2010.
The pioneering work of Mario Lanza[link]
Vocally, the most popular crossover artist was tenor and film star Mario Lanza, although there was no such recognized genre as "crossover" at the time of Lanza's greatest popularity in the 1950s. Signed to RCA Victor as an artist on its premium Red Seal label, Lanza's magnificent voice reached beyond classical music-buying audiences. His recording of Be My Love, from his second film, The Toast of New Orleans, hit Number One on the Billboard pop singles chart in February 1951 and sold more than 2-million copies, a feat no classical artist before or since has achieved. Lanza recorded two other million-selling singles that made Billboard's top ten, The Loveliest Night of the Year and Because You're Mine. Five of Lanza's albums hit Number One on Billboard's pop album chart between 1951 and 1955. The Great Caruso was the first and to date is the only recording composed exclusively of operatic arias to reach Number One on the pop album charts. The Student Prince, released in 1954, was Number One for 42 weeks. No classical label artist, including The Three Tenors has achieved the success on the popular charts that Mario Lanza did in the 1950s.
Rock Fusion[link]
Dream Theater had a very strange and unexpected crossover[citation needed] with their song "Pull Me Under" in the early 1990s. Their style of progressive metal was never intended for mainstream audiences[citation needed], and yet the song received extensive MTV rotation and radio play[citation needed].
Crossover country[link]
During the late 1960s, Glen Campbell began aiming his music at the mainstream pop charts, adding strings, horns and other pop music flurishes to such songs as "Wichita Lineman", "By the Time I Get to Phoenix", and "Galveston", which allowed his music to chart both in country and pop. While such artists as Lynn Anderson and Charlie Rich followed Campbell's example into the early 1970s, it was Dolly Parton and Kenny Rogers who, during the mid- to late-'70s came to personify the concept of country pop crossover, with both artists maintaining a consistent presence on both the pop and country charts well into the mid-1980s. Others, like John Denver, Olivia Newton-John, The Eagles, Faron Young, Willie Nelson, Dottie West, Alabama, Eddie Rabbitt, Ronnie Milsap and Anne Murray began successful in Country but made the crossover to pop music.
1990s and 2000s Crossover Country[link]
In the 1990s many country artists experienced huge crossover success. These artists include Garth Brooks, Shania Twain, Billy Ray Cyrus, Tim McGraw, Faith Hill, Dixie Chicks, Jo Dee Messina, Martina McBride, Reba McEntire, Lonestar, Sara Evans and LeAnn Rimes.
The early 2000s also saw continued success of these artists. Lee Ann Womack scored a big hit with I Hope You Dance". The Dixie Chicks had continued success with a less mainstream country-pop sound when they released their album Home in 2002. However, by the mid-2000s there were fewer country acts having crossover success. Carrie Underwood became a crossover success in 2006 and 2007 though, with her hit single Before He Cheats. Taylor Swift has also had crossover success in the late 2000s.
2010s Crossover Country[link]
In the new decade, Taylor Swift, Carrie Underwood and Lady Antebellum have achieved success recently.[when?]
Latin crossover artists[link]
1980s crossover acts[link]
Gloria Estefan is the most successful crossover performer in Latin music to date. Began crossing over to english music in 1984. Estefan at the time was with the Miami Sound Machine. Their more successful follow-up album Primitive Love was released in 1985 launching three Top 10 hits on the Billboard Hot 100: "Conga" (U.S. #10), "Words Get In The Way” (U.S. #5), and "Bad Boy" (U.S. #8) became follow up hits in the U.S. and around the world. "Words Get In The Way" reached #1 on the US Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart, establishing that the group could perform pop ballads as successfully as dance tunes. The song "Hot Summer Nights" was also released that year and was part of the blockbuster movie Top Gun. Since then Estefan has bridge between both the English and Latin world for the mid to late 1980s, 1990s and 2000s.
1990s crossover acts[link]
In the mid '90s, Selena was gaining prominence within the Hispanic music world. Primarily marketed as a Tejano music artist, Selena's success was met with rhythmic Cumbia recordings. After bypassing several barriers within the Tejano industry, she quickly superseded other Latin artist acts and earned the title "Queen of Tejano Music." After being presented with a Grammy for Selena Live!, Selena became the first Latin artist to release four number ones singles, in 1994. With a meteoric rise in popularity, Selena was presented with the opportunity to record an English-crossover album.
Unfortunately, months before the release of her English album, Selena was murdered by her fan club president, on March 31, 1995, in Corpus Christi, Texas. Selena's incomplete album, titled Dreaming of You, was released in July 1995, topping the Billboard 200. Selena's songs Dreaming of You and I Could Fall In Love quickly became mainstream hits, and the album became among the "Top ten best-selling debuts of all time" along with being among the "best-selling debuts for a female artist". Selena became the first Latin Artist, male or female, to have ever debuted with a No. 1 album, partially in Spanish.
Despite, and perhaps fueled by, Selena's death and crossover success, the "Latin explosion" continued in the late '90s as a handful of rising stars who shared a Latin heritage — like Ricky Martin, Marc Anthony, Enrique Iglesias and Jennifer Lopez, who rendered a Golden Globe performance as Selena on film--were touted as proof that sounds from Latin countries were infiltrating the pop mainstream. Like Estefan and Selena, many of these artists, including some who recorded in English after gaining fame singing in Spanish, had been influenced at least as much by American music and culture.
Ricky Martin gained success with "La Copa de la Vida", which Martin made a major hit in an English version when he was chosen to sing the anthem of the 1998 FIFA World Cup. "The Cup of Life"/"La Copa de la Vida" reached number one on the charts in 60 countries and here in the states the English version went No. 45 on the Hot 100 charts. The song went Platinum in France, Sweden and in Australia, where it ultimately became the number one single of the year. The song was awarded "Pop Song of the Year" at the 1999 Premio Lo Nuestro awards. Martin at the Grammy Awards was booked to sing on the show's live TV broadcast. The now-legendary performance of "The Cup of Life" stopped the show, earning Martin an unexpected standing ovation and introducing the star to the mainstream American audience. Martin capped off the evening by winning the award for Best Latin Pop Performance. Vuelve became Martin's first Top 40 album on Billboard Top 200 Albums chart in the U.S., where it was certified Platinum by the RIAA. The album notably went to #1 in Norway for three weeks, going on to sell eight million copies worldwide.
Martin prepared his first English album in 1999, as the first and most prominent single was "Livin' la Vida Loca", which reached number one in many countries around the world, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, France, Greece, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, Guatemala, Mexico, Russia, Turkey and South Africa. He followed up with the hit "She's All I Ever Had" which peaked at #2 on The Billboard Hot 100. This album became one of the top-selling albums of 1999, and was certified 7 times platinum, selling over 22 million copies worldwide to date.
Also in 1999, attempting to emulate the crossover success of Gloria Estefan, Selena and Ricky Martin in the anglophone market, Marc Anthony, released an English-language Latin Pop self titled album with the US Top 5 hit single "I Need to Know", and the Spanish version "Dímelo". Other hits include "When I Dream At Night" and "My Baby You". His song "You Sang To Me", was featured in Runaway Bride. The successful dance version was re-mixed by Dutch producer Rene Van Verseveld. The foray was considered a mixed success, partly because it alienated his traditional salsa fans, though "Da La Vuelta" (not a Spanish version of any of the songs) was a salsa song and was a hit. Another note is that the song "That's Okay" has more of a salsa tune than pop.
Enrique Iglesias had begun a successful crossover career into the English language music market. Thanks to other successful crossover acts, Latino artists and music had a great surge in popularity in mainstream music. Iglesias' contribution to the soundtrack of Will Smith's movie Wild Wild West, "Bailamos" became a number one hit in the US. After the success of "Bailamos", several mainstream record labels were eager to sign Enrique. Signing a multi-album deal after weeks of negotiations with Interscope, Iglesias recorded and released his first full CD in English, Enrique. The pop album, with some Latin influences, took two months to complete and contained a duet with Whitney Houston called "Could I Have This Kiss Forever" and a cover of the Bruce Springsteen song "Sad Eyes". The album's third single, "Be With You", became his second number one.
Jennifer Lopez's debut album On the 6, a reference to the 6 subway line she used to take growing up in Castle Hill was released on June 1, 1999, and reached the top ten of the Billboard 200. The album featured the Billboard Hot 100 number-one lead single, "If You Had My Love", as well as the top ten hit "Waiting for Tonight" and even the Spanish version of the song "Una Noche Mas" became a hit as well. The album also featured a Spanish language, Latin-flavored duet "No Me Ames" with Marc Anthony who later would become her husband. Though "No Me Ames" never had a commercial release, it reached number one on the U.S. Hot Latin Tracks.
2000s crossover acts[link]
After the '90s, there were very few crossover acts that became successful in the 2000s. The only ones who proved successful was Shakira, Jennifer Lopez and Christina Aguilera, although Aguilera started at first in English and then turned to Spanish. Both Ricky Martin and Enrique Iglesias retained their roles as one of the most successful crossover artists this decade.
Columbian singer Shakira who had been successful in the Latin world in the late '90s, began working on an English crossover album in 2001. Thanks to other successful crossover acts in the 1990s, the crossover of Spanish artists to the English market had a great surge of popularity in mainstream music and it was the next logical step to Shakira and her label for her career and Shakira worked for over a year on new material for the album. "Whenever, Wherever" ("Suerte" in Spanish countries) was released as the first and lead single from Shakira's first English album and third studio album throughout the period of August 2001 and February 2002. The song took heavy influence from Andean music, including the charango and panpipes in its instrumentation. The track was produced by Shakira, and it was an international success by reaching number one in most countries. It was also her first success in the U.S., by reaching number six on the Hot 100.
Shakira's third studio album and first English language album Laundry Service (Servicio De Lavanderia in Latin America and Spain) was released on November 13, 2001. The album debuted at number three on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart selling over 200,000 records in its first week. Laundry Service was later certified triple platinum by the RIAA in June 2004 as well and thus helped to establish Shakira's musical presence in the mainstream North American market. Seven songs from the album became international singles and hit mainstream as well: "Whenever, Wherever" / "Suerte", "Underneath Your Clothes", "Objection (Tango)" / "Te Aviso, Te Anuncio (Tango)", "The One", "Te Dejo Madrid", "Que Me Quedes Tú" and "Poem To A Horse", with four of the singles becoming largely successful.
Because the album was created for the English language market, the rock and Spanish dance-influenced album gained mild critical success with some critics claimed that her English skills were too weak for her to write songs for it with Rolling Stone stating "she sounds downright silly" or "Shakira's magic is lost in translation." Shakira also was criticized by her Latin fans for seemingly abandoning her folk and rock roots in favor of contemporary American pop music. Despite this fact, the album became the best-selling album of 2002, selling more than 20 million copies worldwide and became the most successful album of her career to date.
After that success, Shakira's second English studio album, Oral Fixation Vol. 2 was released on November 29, 2005. The album debuted at number five on the Billboard 200, selling 128,000 copies in its first week. The album has gone on to sell 1.8 million records in the U.S., earning a Platinum certification from the RIAA. Oddly enough, the album didn't fare as well as its Spanish counterpart in the U.S., selling a few hundred thousand less records overall. Oral Fixation Vol. 2 has also gone on to sell over 8 million copies worldwide. The album, went on to spawn two more singles. "Hips Don't Lie", featuring Wyclef Jean, was released as the album's second single in February 2006. The song went on to become the highest selling single of the 21st century and became Shakira's first number one single on the Billboard Hot 100, in addition to reaching number one in over fifty-five countries. Shakira and Wyclef Jean also recorded a Bamboo version of the song to serve as the official theme of the 2006 FIFA World Cup.
In early 2007, Shakira worked with American R&B singer Beyoncé for the track "Beautiful Liar", which was released as the second single from the deluxe edition of Knowles' B'Day. In April 2007, the single jumped ninety-one positions, from ninety-four to three, on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, setting the record for the largest upward movement in the history of the chart at the time.
After that success, She Wolf was released in October 2009 internationally and then on November 23, 2009 in the U.S. The album received mainly positive reviews from critics, but only managed to sell 89,000 copies in its first week in the U.S., earning the number fifteen spot on the Billboard 200. It has gone on to sell only 300,000 records in the U.S., becoming her least successful album there. However, the album has been moderately successful worldwide, having been certified Gold in Russia, Ireland, Switzerland, Poland, France, Argentina, Greece, and Hungary, Platinum in Spain, the United Kingdom, and the Middle East, 2x Platinum in Colombia and Mexico, and 3x Platinum in Taiwan. To date the album has sold 3 million copies worldwide, becoming Shakira's least successful studio album to date in terms of sales. The lead single, "She Wolf" and "Loba" were successful worldwide, reaching number one in Latin America, number two in Germany, Ireland, Italy, Estonia and Spain, number three in Switzerland and Austria, number four in the UK, France and Greece, number five in Canada and Belgium, number six in Finland, number nine in Japan, and number eleven in the U.S.
Christina Aguilera had been very successful in English, as in 2000, Aguilera began recording her first Spanish-language album with producer Rudy Pérez in Miami. Later in 2000, Aguilera, first emphasized her Latin heritage by releasing her first Spanish album, Mi Reflejo on September 12, 2000. This album contained Spanish versions of songs from her English debut as well as new Spanish tracks. Though some criticized Aguilera for trying to cash in on the Latin music boom at the time. According to Pérez, Aguilera was only semi-fluent, while recording. She understood the language, because she has grown up with her father, who is a native of Ecuador. He added "Her Latin roots are undeniable". The album peaked at number twenty-seven on the Billboard 200 and went number one on the Billboard Latin Charts for a record 20 weeks. In 2001, it won Aguilera a Latin Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Album. The album went Gold in the U.S. She also won the World Music Award as the best selling Latin artist that year.
Jennifer Lopez officially released her first full Spanish-language album, Como Ama una Mujer, in March 2007. Her husband, singer Marc Anthony, produced the album with Estefano, except for "Qué Hiciste", which Anthony co-produced with Julio Reyes. The album peaked at number ten on the Billboard 200, number one on the U.S. Top Latin Albums for four straight weeks and on the U.S. Latin Pop Albums for seven straight weeks. The album did well in Europe peaking at number three on the albums chart, mainly due to the big success in countries like Switzerland, Italy, Spain, France, Belgium, Greece, Germany, Austria, and Portugal. On July 24, 2007 Billboard magazine reported that Lopez and husband Marc Anthony would "co-headline" a worldwide tour called "Juntos en Concierto" starting in New Jersey on September 29. Tickets went on sale August 10. The tour was a mix of her current music, older tunes and Spanish music. In a later press release, Lopez announced a detailed itinerary. The tour launched September 28, 2007 at the Mark G. Etess Arena and ended on November 7, 2007 at the American Airlines Arena in Miami, Florida. The lead single, "Qué Hiciste," was officially released to radio stations in January 2007. Since then, it has peaked at 86 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 and number one on the Hot Latin Songs and the Hot Dance Club Play. It also went top ten on the European chart. The video for the song was the first Spanish-language video to peak at number one on MTV's Total Request Live daily countdown. Lopez won an American Music Award as the Favorite Latin Artist in 2007. With Como Ama Una Mujer, Jennifer Lopez is one of the few performers to debut in the top 10 of the Billboard 200 with a Spanish album.
2010s crossover acts[link]
Shakira and Enrique Iglesias have retained their roles as some of the most successful crossover artists this decade.
Shakira collaborated with the South African group Freshlyground to create the official song of the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa. "Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)", which is based on a traditional Cameroonian soldiers' Fang song named "Zangalewa" by the group Zangalewa or Golden Sounds. The song was made popular in her native Colombia in 1987 through west African DJs in Colombia. The single later reached the top 20 in Europe, South America and Africa and the top 40 in the U.S. and was performed by Shakira at the World Cup kick-off and closing. Also the Spanish version was successful as well.
Shakira's Sale el Sol will be released as Shakira's seventh studio album on October 19, 2010. It will have both English and Spanish songs.
Christian crossover artists[link]
The term "crossover artist" may refer to musical performers and groups that are Christian music artists, who many times originally are marketed through Christian record labels, radio stations, churches and other Christian media but who start selling in mainstream secular markets as well. Other times, crossover artists may start out in the mainstream market but have Christian undertones or themes if not overtly Christian. The term "crossing over" is used to describe when an artist who had started predominantly in Christian markets starts receiving mainstream success. Some people[who?] may feel that the artist is betraying the church for fame or glory, while others may see this as a great opportunity for the artist spread the message of their Christian beliefs.
The first major artist crossover was by Amy Grant, with her 1985 album Unguarded and 1991 hit song "Baby Baby" from the highest-selling Christian album Heart in Motion. The albums and single were distributed by a Christian label but received heavy play on pop radio stations and was a chart-topper on the Billboard charts. Since then, many artists have been labeled[by whom?] as "crossover artist" regardless of whether they originally intended to market to the Christian market, secular market, or both. The most notable recent Christian crossover artists are Kirk Franklin, Switchfoot, The Afters, Relient K, and many of the artists on Tooth & Nail Records such as MxPx, Underoath, Emery, Lifehouse, Zao, and Dead Poetic.[citation needed]
Crossover as a mix of genres[link]
Besides describing music of a distinct genre that becomes broadly popular, the term "crossover" has sometimes been used to describe music that deliberately mixes genres, whether or not this music proves to be popular with a mass audience. "Fusion" is a more common term for this phenomenon. Examples include jazz fusion, Celtic fusion and worldbeat. An example of crossover of jazz and classical music is the Danish 7-piece chamber orchestra "Mad Cows Sing", which fuses composed and improvised music. Other examples of crossover in music are bands that play a mix of genres such as funk, rap, rock, metal and/or punk, for instance bands like Urban Dance Squad, Faith No More, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Primus, Linkin Park and Rage Against the Machine, 311, or crossover thrash bands such as D.R.I. or Municipal Waste.
See also[link]
References[link]
- ^ Lonergan, Hit Records, 1950-1975, p. vi: "These [Country & Western and Rhythm & Blues], and the somewhat newer Adult Contemporary charts, occasionally exhibited what are called 'crossover' hits, when a Pop, C&W, or R&B star would have a hit that also charted on one or more of the other lists.
- ^ Anthony Tommasini (March 25, 2002). "Eileen Farrell, Soprano With a Populist Bent, Dies at 82". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/25/arts/eileen-farrell-soprano-with-a-populist-bent-dies-at-82.html.
- ^ Paton, Maureen (2008-03-22). "Soprano Superstar: How Sarah Brightman turned her life around | Mail Online". London: Dailymail.co.uk. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/you/article-533758/Soprano-Superstar-How-Sarah-Brightman-turned-life-around.html. Retrieved 2010-06-25.
- ^ "Sarah Brightman". Sarah Brightman Tickets. 1960-08-14. http://www.sarahbrightmantickets.org/sarah-brightman-info. Retrieved 2010-06-25.
- ^ "Sarah Brightman fan site Sarah Brightman naked Sarah Brightman pictures Sarah Brightman fan sites Sarah Brightman photos Sarah Brightman pics Sarah Brightman video movie". 123allcelebs.com. http://www.123allcelebs.com/biography_of_sarah_brightman-718_eng.html. Retrieved 2010-06-25.
- ^ "Operation Bocelli: the making of a superstar". Melbourne: The Age. February 26, 2003. http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/02/25/1046064026608.html.
- ^ "Andrea Bocelli in Abu Dhabi". 2 March 2009. http://www.timeoutdubai.com/art/features/6754-andrea-bocelli-in-abu-dhabi.
- ^ "REVIEW: Classical music star Andrea Bocelli at Liverpool arena". Liverpool Daily Post. November 7, 2009. http://www.liverpooldailypost.co.uk/liverpool-news/regional-news/2009/11/07/review-classical-music-star-andrea-bocelli-at-liverpool-arena-92534-25114619.
- ^ "Andrea Bocelli Announces November 2010 UK Arena Dates". http://www.allgigs.co.uk/view/article/2263/Andrea_Bocelli_Announces_November_2010_UK_Arena_Dates.html.
- ^ "The king of Operatic pop". Sydney Morning Herald. 2004-08-28. http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/08/27/1093518069667.html. Retrieved 2008-01-19.
- ^ Domingo And Bocelli: Keeping Opera Relevant, National Public Radio radio interview, November 21, 2008.
- ^ http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2008/may/07/top-popera-names-vegas-lights/ Top ‘popera’ names in Vegas lights
- ^ http://arbiteronline.com/2007/12/06/romina-arena-visits-boise-state/ All hail the “Queen of Popera
- ^ http://bbn.frn.com/fis/storydisplay.asp?site=&storyID=10557 A Songbird Alights In Orlando
- ^ http://www.marbecks.co.nz/detail/detail.lsd?catalogID=417467
- ^ http://www.hayley-westenra-international.com/content/hwi-archives-1996-2009
Bibliography[link]
- Lonergan, David F. Hit Records, 1950-1975. Scarecrow Press, 2004. ISBN 0-8108-5129-6
Further reading[link]
- Szwed, John F. (2005). Crossovers: Essays On Race, Music, And American Culture. ISBN 0-8122-3882-6.
- Brackett, David (Winter 1994). "The Politics and Practice of 'Crossover' in American Popular Music, 1963-65" The Musical Quarterly 78:4.
- George, Nelson. (1988). The Death of Rhythm & Blues. New York: Pantheon Books.
External links[link]
http://wn.com/Crossover_(music)
Related pages:
http://ru.wn.com/Классический кроссовер
http://fr.wn.com/Crossover (musique)
http://nl.wn.com/Cross-over (muziek)
http://pt.wn.com/Crossover (música)
http://de.wn.com/Crossover (Musik)
http://it.wn.com/Crossover (musica)
http://pl.wn.com/Crossover (muzyka)
http://cs.wn.com/Crossover (hudba)
http://es.wn.com/Crossover (música)
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Kari Meredyth Kimmel is an American singer/songwriter whose style is generally classified as pop with rock, country and R&B influences. Many of her songs have been used in movies and TV shows.
Contents |
Biography[link]
A native of Boca Raton, Florida, Kimmel first sang in public at the age of 12, and wrote her first song at 13. She later moved to Los Angeles to be closer to the film and television industry.
Kimmel’s songs and/or voice have been used in more than 150 movies and TV shows, including Shall We Dance?, The Hills, White Chicks, Greek, The Gilmore Girls, 10 Things I Hate About You, WALL-E, Nights In Rodanthe, The Young and the Restless, Ella Enchanted, Grey's Anatomy, Dreamgirls, The Bold & The Beautiful, Private Practice, Life Unexpected, Pretty Little Liars and Burn Notice.
Kimmel was once listed among the top 50 artists on VH1.com, has performed live on the Adam Corolla Show, the Danny Bonaduce Show, the Conway & Whitman Show, NBC Los Angeles and FOX Primeticket and has performed at Los Angeles Dodgers games, Lakers games, a benefit hosted by Prince Edward of Wales and the Greek Theater, where she closed the show for the 2010 AIDS/ HIV walk in Los Angeles.
Kimmel sang the theme song and performed the music video for the movie Ella Enchanted, seen on Radio Disney and the Ella Enchanted DVD. Her music video Low was used as the promo for the TV show Private Practice, and her music video Trouble has been featured on the Oxygen channel and NBC Los Angeles.
In 2011, Kimmel recorded the title track to the remake of the movie Footloose, with country artist Blake Shelton. Her songs have also been recorded by other top artists including The Backstreet Boys, Ke$ha, Joe Jonas, Demi Lovato and Gloria Gaynor.
Kimmel has released four solo albums: A Life in the Day, Pink Balloon, Out of Focus and Go. She currently lives in Los Angeles.
Discography[link]
Studio albums[link]
- A Life in the Day (2006)
- Out Of Focus (2010)
- From the Vault (2011)
- Go (2011)
EPs[link]
- Pink Balloon (2008)
Singles[link]
- "Let It Go" (2008)
- "Low" (2008)
Songs appearing in films and TV series[link]
(My Future Boyfriend) "Call Me" Performed by Kari Kimmel
| Year | Film | Song | Credits |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2003 | The Young and the Restless "Episode #1.7770" |
"Higher" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel, David Kurtz, and Jack Allocco |
| 2004 | 8 Simple Rules "Opposites Attract: Part 2" |
"Wonderful Day" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel, Joel Parkes, and Shaun Shankel |
| 2004 | Shall We Dance? | "Taking a Ride" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel and Chris Pelcer |
| 2004 | The Young and the Restless "Episode #1.7906" |
"Broken" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel, David Kurtz, and Jack Allocco |
| 2004 | The Young and the Restless "Episode #1.7930" |
"Try So Hard" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel, David Kurtz, and Jack Allocco |
| 2004 | Ella Enchanted | "It's Not Just Make Believe" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Russ Desalvo and Amy Powers |
| 2004 | Chestnut: Hero of Central Park | "Wonderful Day" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel, Joel Parkes, and Shaun Shankel |
| 2005 | The Young and the Restless "Episode #1.8146" |
"It's Over Now" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2006 | The Young and the Restless "Episode #1.8312" |
"It's Over Now" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2006 | The Young and the Restless "Episode #1.8323" |
"It's Over Now" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2006 | The Young and the Restless "Episode #1.8865" |
"It's Over Now" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2006 | The Young and the Restless "Episode #1.8926" |
"It's Over Now" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2006 | The Cutting Edge: Going for the Gold | "Taking A Ride" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kimmel and Chris Pelcer |
| 2006 | Pepper Dennis "Frat Boys May Lose Their Manhood: Film at Eleven" |
"Before You" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel and Tom DeLuca |
| 2006 | So You Think You Can Dance "Dancers Cut to 20" |
"It Must Have Been Love" | Performed by Kari Kimmel |
| 2006 | America's Next Top Model "The Girl Who Marks Her Territory" |
"When I Finally Get to See You" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2006 | Laguna Beach: The Real Orange County "Show Them What You've Got" |
"Taking A Ride" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel and Chris Pelcer |
| 2006 | Laguna Beach: The Real Orange County "The Thrill of the Hunt" |
"Incomplete" | Written by Kari Kimmel, Sabelle Breer, Rob Fusari, Bill Lee, Calvin Gaines, Lindy Robbins, Dan Muckala, and Jess Cates |
| 2007 | Girl, Positive | "Fly" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel and Busbee (songwriter) |
| 2007 | Victoria Beckham: Coming to America | "Taking A Ride" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel and Chris Pelcer |
| 2007 | Decision House | "Make It Right" (theme song) | Written by Kari Kimmel and Devin Powers |
| 2007 | Kim Possible "Graduation Part 2" |
"This Is Our Year" | Performed by Kari Kimmel with Drew Seeley |
| 2007 | Custody (film) | "Taking A Ride" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel and Chris Pelcer |
| 2007 | The Haunting of Sorority Row | "Can't Be Everything" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel and Busbee (songwriter) |
| 2007 | Holiday in Handcuffs | "Taking A Ride" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel and Chris Pelcer |
| 2007 | The Hills "The Best Night Ever" |
"Notice Me" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel and Shaun Shankel |
| 2007 | The Hills "What Goes Around" |
"Naked" | Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2008 | The Hills "Paris Changes Everything" |
"Incomplete" | Performed by Backstreet Boys Written by Kari Kimmel, Sabelle Breer, Rob Fusari, Bill Lee, Calvin Gaines, Lindy Robbins, Dan Muckala, and Jess Cates |
| 2008 | The Hills "Girls Night Out" |
"Let It Go" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2008 | The Hills "Mr. and Mrs. Pratt" |
"Remember" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2008 | Guiding Light "Episode #1.15423" |
"Maybe I Can Be" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2008 | Tinker Bell (film) | "Fly With Me" | Performed by Kari Kimmel |
| 2008 | Wall-E | "Didn't You See the Movie" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written Kimmel and Busbee (songwriter) |
| 2009 | Bitter/Sweet (2009 film) | "Notice Me" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel and Shaun Shankel |
| 2009 | Princess Protection Program | "Is It Just Me" | Performed by Kari Kimmel |
| 2009 | Ruby (TV series) "Training Daze" |
"Taking A Ride" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel and Chris Pelcer |
| 2009 | Leave It to Lamas "Babes in Bikerland" |
"Taking A Ride" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel and Chris Pelcer |
| 2010 | Greek (TV series) "I Know What You Did Last Summer" |
"Remember" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | Bad Girls Club "Amber Alert!" |
"Own It" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | Bad Girls Club "Amber Alert!" |
"Great Big World" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | Bad Girls Club "Clip Show" |
"Great Big World" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | Bad Girls Club "The Puppet Master" |
"Vegas Baby" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | First Love, Second Chance "Chris and Pam" |
"One Day You'll Be Fine" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | Space Dogs 3D | "Watching Over You" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | Space Dogs 3D | "I Got You" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel and Joe Corcoran |
| 2010 | The Real World: Washington D.C. "Sisterhood and Brotherly Love" |
"Great Big World" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | The Real World: Washington D.C. "Out of the Closet and Onto the Stage" |
"One Day You'll Be Fine" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | 10 Things I Hate About You "Don't Trust Me" |
"Pink Balloon" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | Fly Girls "Cabin Pressure" |
"Let It Go" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | Mercy "Too Much Attitude and Not Enough Underwear" |
"Low" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | What Chili Wants "The Calendar Model" |
"Own It" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | Pretty Little Liars "The Jenna Thing" |
"Remember" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | Battle of the Wedding Designers "Rock and Roll Wedding Design" |
"Remember" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | Reviving Ophelia | "Remember" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | Reviving Ophelia | "Save Me" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2010 | Life Unexpected "Plumber Cracked" |
"Trouble" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2011 | iCarly | "Call Me" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2011 | The Nine Lives of Chloe King "Pilot" |
"Brand New Day" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel |
| 2011 | The Lying Game "Heads Will Roll" |
"Go" | Performed by Kari Kimmel |
| 2011 | WWE | "Let's Light It Up (AJ's Theme)" | Performed by Kari Kimmel Written by Kari Kimmel and Jim Johnston |
| 2012 | The Lying Game No country for young love |
"One day you'll be fine" | Performed by Kari Kimmel |
| 2012 | Being Human (North American TV series) "Mama Said There'd Be Decades Like These" |
"Black" | Performed by Kari Kimmel |
Songs recorded by other artists[link]
The following artists have covered Kari Kimmel's songs:
- "I Could" - Kimberley Locke
- "No Less" - Joy Williams
- "Stronger" - Gloria Gaynor
- "Moonlight" - MAX
- "Incomplete" - Backstreet Boys
- "Taking a Ride" - Robin Beck
- "Velvet Sky" - Jessica Ridley
- "Paper Airplane" - Ke$ha
References[link]
External links[link]
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Kimmel, Kari |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | |
| Place of birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Kari_Kimmel
Related pages:
http://es.wn.com/Kari Kimmel
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kari_Kimmel
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
 |
This Awards and achievements succession box's factual accuracy may be compromised due to out-of-date information. Please help improve the article by updating it. There may be additional information on the talk page. (April 2012) |
| Miley Cyrus | |
|---|---|
 Cyrus at the 2012 People's Choice Awards |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Destiny Hope Cyrus |
| Born | (1992-11-23) November 23, 1992 (age 19) Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.[1] |
| Genres | Pop,[2] country pop, dance, electropop, teen pop |
| Occupations | Actress, musician |
| Instruments | Vocals, guitar, piano |
| Years active | 2001–present |
| Labels | Walt Disney, Hollywood |
| Associated acts | Hannah Montana, Billy Ray Cyrus, Demi Lovato |
| Website | MileyCyrus.com Signature of Miley Cyrus. |
Miley Ray Cyrus (born Destiny Hope Cyrus; November 23, 1992) is an American actress and pop singer-songwriter. She achieved wide fame for her role as Miley Stewart/Hannah Montana on the Disney Channel sitcom Hannah Montana.
Cyrus recorded music for the soundtracks, Hannah Montana (2006) and Hannah Montana 2/Meet Miley Cyrus (2007), released by Walt Disney Records. With the success of the Hannah Montana franchise she established herself as a teen idol. In 2007, Cyrus signed to Hollywood Records to pursue a solo career. She embarked upon the Best of Both Worlds Tour the same year, in which she performed as both herself and in character as Hannah Montana. The tour was eventually turned into a high-grossing concert film titled Hannah Montana & Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert (2008). In July 2008, Cyrus released her first solo album, Breakout (2008), which was commercially successful.
She began her foray into film by providing the voice of "Penny" in the animated film Bolt (2008). Cyrus earned a nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song for her performance of Bolt's theme song, "I Thought I Lost You". She also reprised her role as Miley Stewart/Hannah Montana in Hannah Montana: The Movie (2009). The Hannah Montana: The Movie' soundtrack introduced her to new audiences within country and adult contemporary markets.
She began to cultivate an adult image in 2009 with the release of The Time of Our Lives (2009), an extended play which presented a more mainstream pop sound, and by filming The Last Song (2010), a coming-of-age drama film. The former included Cyrus's best-selling single, "Party in the U.S.A." (2009). A studio album titled Can't Be Tamed was released in 2010 and presents a new dance-pop sound. The music video and lyrics of the album's lead single, "Can't Be Tamed", portrays a more sexualized image for the entertainer. Cyrus ranked number thirteen on Forbes' 2010 Celebrity 100.[3] For the 2011 Guinness World Records, she was named the “Most Charted Teenager” following her 29th US Billboard Hot 100 chart entry on November 7, 2009 with “Party in the USA”.[4]
Contents |
Early life[link]
Cyrus was born on November 23, 1992, in Nashville, Tennessee, to Letitia Jean "Tish"[5] (née Finley) and country singer Billy Ray Cyrus.[6][7] Her parents named her Destiny Hope because they believed that she would accomplish great things with her life. They gave her the nickname "Smiley", which was later shortened to "Miley", because she smiled so often as a baby.[8] Cyrus suffers from a mild heart condition causing tachycardia which, though not dangerous, is often bothersome.[9]
Against the wishes of her father's record company,[10] Cyrus's parents secretly married a year after Cyrus's birth on December 28, 1993.[7][11] Tish had two children from a previous relationship: Trace and Brandi. Billy Ray adopted Trace and Brandi when they were young.[12] She has a half-brother, Christopher Cody, Billy Ray's son from a brief relationship, born the same year as Miley; he grew up with his mother in South Carolina.[10] Tish and Billy Ray had two more children, Braison and Noah. Cyrus's godmother is entertainer Dolly Parton.[13] Cyrus was very close to her paternal grandfather, Democratic politician Ronald Ray Cyrus.[14] Cyrus has paid her grandfather several tributes since his death in 2006, including eventually changing her middle name to "Ray".[15] According to Cyrus's father, "A lot of people say Miley changed her name to Miley Ray because of Billy Ray, but that's not true. She did that in honor of my dad, because the two of them just loved each other to pieces."[9]
Cyrus grew up on a 500-acre (2.0 km2) farm in Franklin, Tennessee, a suburb of Nashville,[16] and attended Heritage Elementary School.[17] She was raised Christian and was baptized in a Southern Baptist church prior to moving to Hollywood in 2005. She attended church regularly while growing up and wore a purity ring.[18] Several of Cyrus's siblings also eventually entered the entertainment business: Trace became a vocalist and guitarist for the electronic pop band Metro Station,[19] Noah became an actress, and Brandi became a guitarist.[20]
Career[link]
2001–05: Career beginnings[link]
In 2001, when Cyrus was eight, she and her family moved to Toronto, Canada while her father filmed the television series Doc.[21] Cyrus said watching her father film the show inspired her to pursue acting. After Billy Ray took her to see a 2001 Mirvish production of Mamma Mia! at the Royal Alexandra Theatre, Cyrus grabbed his arm and told him, "This is what I want to do, daddy. I want to be an actress."[22] She began taking singing and acting classes at the Armstrong Acting Studio in Toronto.[23] In her first role, Cyrus played a girl named Kylie on Doc.[8] In 2003, Cyrus was credited under her birth name for her role as "Young Ruthie" in Tim Burton's Big Fish.[24]
At age 11, Cyrus learned about the casting for what became Hannah Montana, a Disney Channel children's television series about a school girl with a secret double life as a teen pop star. Cyrus sent in a tape auditioning for the show's best friend role, but received a call asking her to audition for the lead, "Chloe Stewart".[1] After sending in a new tape and flying to Hollywood for further auditions,[25] Cyrus was told that she was too young and too small for the part.[25][26] However, her persistence and ability to sing in addition to act led the show's producers to invite her back for further auditions. Cyrus eventually received the lead, renamed "Miley Stewart" after herself, at the age of twelve.[25] During this time, she also auditioned with Taylor Lautner for the feature film The Adventures of Sharkboy and Lavagirl in 3-D and it came down to her and another actress, but Cyrus started doing Hannah Montana instead.[27]
As Cyrus's career took off, Tish Cyrus made several critical decisions regarding her daughter's representation. She signed Cyrus with Mitchell Gossett, director of the youth division at Cunningham Escott Slevin Doherty. Gossett, who specializes in creating child stars, had arranged for Cyrus's auditions for Hannah Montana and is credited with "discovering" her.[28][29] For Cyrus's music career, Tish followed the advice of Dolly Parton, Cyrus's godmother and a singer herself, and signed Cyrus with Jason Morey of Morey Management Group. "Dolly said the Moreys are people you can trust around your daughter," Tish Cyrus recalls, "and she said they have good morals, which is not always the case in this business."[30] According to trade magazine The Hollywood Reporter, Parton's advice was "the best advice [Tish] could [have gotten] on who should rep her daughter."[30] Tish also recruited Billy Ray's business manager to manage her daughter's finances. Tish herself continues to co-manage or produce many of Cyrus's career decisions.[30] For her education, Cyrus enrolled at Options for Youth Charter Schools[31] and studied with a private tutor on the set of her television show.[32]
[edit] 2006–07: Hannah Montana and Hannah Montana 2: Meet Miley Cyrus
Main articles: Hannah Montana and Hannah Montana 2: Meet Miley Cyrus
Hannah Montana became an instant hit and propelled Cyrus to teen idol status, according to The Daily Telegraph.[24] The series premiered on March 26, 2006, to the largest audience ever for a Disney Channel show[33] and soon became one of the highest-rated series on basic cable, elevating Cyrus's wealth and fame along with it.[34] Time magazine reports that Cyrus's "phenom[enal]" success is due partially to her talent and partially to "Disney learning to use its vast, multimedia holdings" and market Cyrus and Hannah Montana appropriately.[35] Cyrus eventually became the first artist to have deals in television, film, consumer products, and music within The Walt Disney Company.[28]
The first single was "The Best of Both Worlds", the theme song to Hannah Montana, which was released on March 28, 2006.[36] "The Best of Both Worlds" is credited to "Hannah Montana", the pop star Cyrus portrays on the series by the same name. As with other songs credited to Montana, Cyrus typically dressed as the character when performing the song live.[37] Cyrus's first release under her own name was a cover of James Baskett's "Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah", released on April 4, 2006, on the fourth edition of DisneyMania.[38] Dressed as Hannah Montana, Cyrus opened for The Cheetah Girls on twenty dates of their The Party's Just Begun Tour, beginning on September 15, 2006.[39] On October 24 of same year, Walt Disney Records released the first Hannah Montana soundtrack. Of the nine tracks on the soundtrack performed by Cyrus, eight were credited to "Hannah Montana" and one, a duet with her father titled "I Learned from You", was credited to Cyrus as herself. The album peaked at number one on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart.[40]
The second season of Hannah Montana premiered on April 23, 2007, and ran until October 12, 2008.[41] Cyrus signed a four-album deal with Disney-owned Hollywood Records and, on June 26, 2007, released a double-disc album. The first disc was the soundtrack to the second season of Hannah Montana, while the second, titled Meet Miley Cyrus, was Cyrus's debut album credited to her own name. The double-disc album peaked at number one on the Billboard 200[42] and was later certified three times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).[43] Meet Miley Cyrus generated "See You Again", Cyrus's first single to be released under her own name and her first top ten hit on the Billboard Hot 100.[44] In fall 2007, Cyrus launched her first tour, the Best of Both Worlds Tour, to promote Meet Miley Cyrus and the Hannah Montana soundtracks. With the Jonas Brothers, Aly & AJ, and Everlife as her opening acts, Cyrus toured from October 17, 2007, to January 31, 2008, with stops in the U.S. and Canada.[45] Tickets sold out in minutes and were scalped for up to $2,500 and an average of $214, well above their $26–$65 face value.[46] A Ticketmaster official commented, "Hell hath no fury like the parent of a child throwing a tantrum. People who have been in this business for a long time are watching what's happening, and they say there hasn't been a demand of this level or intensity since The Beatles or Elvis."[47]
[edit] 2008–09: Breakout, transitions and film career launch
Main articles: Hannah Montana: The Movie, Hannah Montana 3, The Time of Our Lives, Breakout (Miley Cyrus album), and Breakout (Miley Cyrus album)
After the end of the Best of Both Worlds Tour in January 2008, Walt Disney Pictures released Hannah Montana & Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert, a 3D concert film of the tour, on February 1, 2008, for what was expected to be a one-week run. The film earned over $31 million[48] at the box-office and an average of $42,000 per theater, twice the expected total, convincing Disney executives to extend the release for an indefinite run. "We don't want to turn away kids from the theaters who couldn't get into the concerts," said Chuck Viane, Disney's chief of distribution.[49] The film's soundtrack was released by Walt Disney Records/Hollywood Records on March 11, 2008, and peaked at number three on the Billboard 200.[50]
On July 22, 2008, Cyrus released her second studio album under her own name, titled Breakout. Cyrus said Breakout was inspired by "what's been going on in my life in the past year."[51] Cyrus co-wrote eight out of twelve songs on the album.[51] "Songwriting is what I really want to do with my life forever, [...] I just hope this record showcases that, more than anything, I'm a writer."[52] The album debuted at #1 on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart[53] and its lead single, "7 Things", peaked at number 9 on the Billboard Hot 100.[54][55] She hosted the 2008 CMT Music Awards with her father in April[56] and the 2008 Teen Choice Awards by herself in August.[57] Cyrus provided the voice of Penny in the 2008 computer-animated film Bolt, which was released on November 21, 2008, to critical acclaim.[58] Cyrus also co-wrote and recorded the song "I Thought I Lost You" as a duet with John Travolta for the film, for which she received a Golden Globe nomination.[59] In September 2009, she participated in the charity single "Just Stand Up!" in support of the anti-cancer campaign Stand Up to Cancer[60] and in the City of Hope Benefit Concert in support of cancer research and training programs.[61] She also became involved in Disney's Friends for Change, an environmentalist group, for which she recorded the charity single "Send It On" along with several other Disney Channel stars.[62]
Cyrus had already begun transitioning to a more grown-up image in late 2008, when her representatives negotiated a deal for novelist Nicholas Sparks to write the screenplay and novel basis for a film that would serve as a star vehicle for Cyrus by introducing her to audiences older than the young fans she had gained through Hannah Montana.[63] Sparks and co-writer Jeff Van Wie developed The Last Song.[63] It was important to Cyrus that she not be type cast as a singer: "I didn't want to be a singer in another film. I don't want to do that anymore. You have no idea how many musicals show up on my door. I want to do something a little more serious."[64] In March 2009, Cyrus published Miles to Go, a memoir co-written by Hilary Liftin chronicling her life through age sixteen.[65] Cyrus starred as Miley Stewart/Hannah Montana in Hannah Montana: The Movie, released April 10, 2009. Both the film and its soundtrack, which contained twelve songs performed by Cyrus,[66] achieved commercial success.[67][68] The soundtrack's lead single, "The Climb", became a Top 40 hit in twelve countries[69] and introduced Cyrus to listeners outside her typical teen pop audience.[70] Cyrus had considered ending Hannah Montana after its third season, which finished production on June 5, 2009,[71] but Disney retained and exercised its option for a fourth season.[72]
Production on The Last Song lasted from June 15, 2009, to August 18, 2009.[73] In between, Cyrus launched the third Hannah Montana soundtrack, recorded the extended play The Time of Our Lives (EP), and released the EP's lead single, "Party in the U.S.A."[74] Cyrus said The Time of Our Lives "is a transitioning album. [...] really to introduce people to what I want my next record to sound like and with time I will be able to do that a little more."[75] "Party in the U.S.A." debuted at number two on the Billboard Hot 100 for her best-ever ranking on the chart.[76] The Time of Our Lives was released in conjunction with a clothing line co-designed by Cyrus and Max Azria for Walmart.[77]
From September 14, 2009, to December 29, 2010, Cyrus toured on her Wonder World Tour to promote Breakout and The Time of Our Lives.[citation needed] On December 7, 2009, Cyrus performed for Queen Elizabeth II and numerous other members of the British Royal Family at the Royal Variety Performance in Blackpool, North West England.[78]
[edit] 2010–2011: Can't Be Tamed, focus on film career, and Gypsy Heart Tour
Main articles: Can't Be Tamed and Hannah Montana Forever
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Production on the fourth and final season of Hannah Montana began on January 18, 2010.[79] In the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, Cyrus appeared on the charity singles "We Are the World: 25 for Haiti" and "Everybody Hurts".[80][81] Her third studio album, Can't Be Tamed, was released on June 21, 2010. The album's first single is the title track, "Can't Be Tamed". The single was released for sale on May 18, 2010, and entered the Billboard Hot 100 at number eight.[82] Cyrus's costumes and dances while promoting Can't Be Tamed were also considerably more provocative than previous performances, arousing media criticism.[83] After releasing the album, Cyrus intends to take a break from the music industry in order to focus on her film career.[84] She commented, "I've not taken, like, acting lessons or anything, but it doesn't mean I don't need to because I'm sure I do [...] I'm probably going to go book an acting coach."[85] Cyrus has also decided to opt out of college for the same reason, saying "I'm a firm believer that you can go back at any age you want, because my Grandma went back to college at 62 [...] For right now, I really want to focus on my career. I've worked hard to get to where I am now, and I want to enjoy it while it lasts."[86][87][88]
Cyrus starred in The Last Song, which was released on March 31, 2010, and received generally poor reviews, as did Cyrus's performance.[89] Nonetheless, the film was commercially successful, grossing more than $88 million at the worldwide box office.[90] According to box-office analyst Exhibitor Relations, the film marked "a successful transition to adult roles for Miley Cyrus."[91] The fourth and final season of Hannah Montana began airing on Disney Channel on July 11, 2010, and was ended on January 16, 2011.[92] Cyrus filmed two more films, LOL: Laughing Out Loud and So Undercover in 2010. In LOL, a remake of a 2008 French teen film of the same name, Cyrus plays "a daughter who is involved with all the wrong kids, doing drugs, failing school, but [...whose] mother has her on this perfect pedestal" and says "[She] just fell in love with the story."[93] Cyrus' character loses her virginity, smokes cannabis, gets wasted and kisses two girlfriends on the lips.[94] She will also star in So Undercover, an action comedy film. Cyrus will play the part of "a tough, street-smart private eye hired by the FBI to go undercover in a college sorority."[95] She learned street fighting for the role.[95]
Despite her earlier announcement that she'd be focusing more on acting in the future, in February 2011, Cyrus confirmed she had no films lineup and was going to go on tour.[96] On April 29, 2011, Cyrus embarked on her international Gypsy Heart Tour in South America and ended the tour on July 2, 2011, in Australia. Cyrus hosted Saturday Night Live on March 5, 2011, where she performed in several sketches. She also sang a brief song about her several controversies, such as the bong incident, the photo of her friend and she eating a Twizzler, and the "pole dance" on a hotel pole at the Teen Choice Awards, stating "I'm sorry that I'm not perfect."[97][98] In March 2011, father Billy Ray Cyrus confirmed on talk show, The View, that Cyrus had been in talks with producer Dr. Luke on a new album.[99] In July 2011, it was announced that she would record her fourth studio album and she has no plans to sign onto any other film projects.[100] However, it was reported on August 2, 2011, by Contact Music that Cyrus has signed on to star in a comedy in which she plays a woman who broke a promise to God.[101]
Cyrus released on YouTube a remix of her song "Liberty Walk" in November 2011, dedicated to the Occupy movement, which she referred to as, "the thousands of people who are standing up for what they believe in."[102]
[edit] 2012–present: LOL, So Undercover, and focus on music career
In January 2012, it was announced that Cyrus would be on Punk'd. Cyrus would be on the show alongside friend and co-star in her new film So Undercover, Kelly Osbourne. Cyrus and Osbourne on an episode of the show would punk reality star and TV personality Khloé Kardashian Odom. They punk Khloe by having a young food delivery man pretends to get his family jewels caught in his zipper while using Miley's bathroom.[103][104]
On January 24, the album Chimes of Freedom: Songs of Bob Dylan Honoring 50 Years of Amnesty International was released in honor of Bob Dylan, Cyrus covered Dylan's song "You're Gonna Make Me Lonesome When You Go" from his 15th studio album Blood on the Tracks, in which she also made a music video.[105] Cyrus's version of the song earned positive reviews from music critics.[106][107][108]
In February, Cyrus dropped out of the animated comedy Hotel Transylvania, in which she was meant to play the role of Mavis, the daughter of Dracula who is voiced by Adam Sandler, the movie also stars Andy Samberg, Kevin James, Fran Drescher, and David Spade.[109] It was later announced that she will be replaced by fellow Disney star and friend Selena Gomez.[110] She later announced that she dropped out of the film because she wanted to work on her music this year.[111][112]
Earnings[link]
In 2008, Cyrus earned $25 million, up from her earnings of $18 million in 2007, and was ranked number 35 on Forbes magazine's "Celebrity 100" list.[113] Parade magazine reported she was the richest teenage celebrity and that her franchise would be worth approximately $1 billion by the end of the year.[114] In 2009, Forbes ranked her #29 on the Celebrity 100 and reported she had earned a total of $25 million.[115] Then Cyrus got ranked number thirteen on Forbes' 2010 Celebrity 100 ranking $48 million.[3] From the $48 million she made between June 2009 to June 2010 made her the no. 4 highest earners under 30 and the youngest on the list.[116] between June 2010 and June 2011, Cyrus earned $54 million.[117]
From working on Hannah Montana, Cyrus got paid $15,000 per episode she did on the hit show, making her the 6th highest paid child star on television behind fellow Disney stars Dylan and Cole Sprouse and Keke Palmer with $20,000 for their shows. Also, she is behind friend and Disney star Selena Gomez that makes $25,000 per episode of her show, Nick star Miranda Cosgrove with $180,000 per episode of her show, and one time co-star Angus T. Jones that got paid $250,000 for each episode of his show.[118] Though she had not got paid as much as other Disney stars,when she was 17 she was named #19 on the "Top 20 World's Richest Female Singers Of All Time" list with over $100 million in 5 years active throughout her career, which made her the youngest female artist on the list.[119] In 2011, she was named #1 on the "Top 10 Richest Teens in Hollywood" with $120 million.[120]
Personal life and image[link]
A Christian, she was baptized in a Southern Baptist church in 2005.[121]
In February 2008, Cyrus and her friend Mandy Jiroux opened a YouTube account and began posting videos of what they called The Miley and Mandy Show. The show, described as a "YouTube hit," is said to be filmed for fun by Cyrus and Jiroux and to be entirely their work, with Cyrus and Jiroux editing the footage together.[122]
With Cyrus's increased success came increased media attention. In a May 2008 interview with The Los Angeles Times, Francois Navarre, the proprietor of the X17 photo agency, said Cyrus's market value had picked up considerably after the Vanity Fair photo controversy: "She's started to sell more. [...] It used to be $300, and now it's $2,000 for a picture."[123] Estimates for a picture of the then-15 year old's first kiss ranged from $30,000 to $150,000.[123] Navarre noted that Cyrus rarely behaved against her wholesome image or went out without a parent and stated, "She has people waiting for the moment she starts to be less traditional. [...] It's natural. Any teenager. But it's going to come very fast. [...] As soon as her mom lets her go out by herself. It's going to start to be interesting."[123] Time magazine included her on the 2008 Time 100, the magazine's list of the 100 most influential people in the world. Her write-up was written by former child star Donny Osmond, who warned, "As an idol to tweens the world over, singer-actress Miley Cyrus, 15, is riding a huge tidal wave at the pinnacle of her career; this is as it should be. I hope she enjoys it. [...] Within three to five years, Miley will have to face adulthood. [...] As she does, she'll want to change her image, and that change will be met with adversity."[124]
Cyrus celebrated her 16th birthday at Disneyland with a charity fundraiser for Youth Service America, a youth volunteer service organization.[125][126][127]
In June 2009, Cyrus ended her nine-month relationship with model Justin Gaston shortly before flying to Georgia to film The Last Song.[128] While filming later that month, Cyrus began dating her co-star in The Last Song, Australian actor Liam Hemsworth.[129] She later called him her "first serious boyfriend".[130] In August 2010, it was confirmed that her relationship with Hemsworth had ended.[131][132] Cyrus and Hemsworth were seen together a month later, and were reportedly back together.[133] It was announced in early November that the couple had split again.[134] They have since rekindled their relationship.[135]
At the end of 2009, Billboard magazine ranked Cyrus the fourth best-selling female artist[136] and the fifth best-selling singer overall.[137] Also in 2009, at the age of sixteen, she became the youngest artist to have four number one albums on the charts.[138]
Controversies[link]
In December 2007, a brief controversy emerged when photos Cyrus had posted on her private MySpace account, depicting her and a female friend sharing a piece of licorice and "almost kissing", were spread across the internet, prompting rumors of lesbianism. Cyrus comments, "For me, I was like, That's two girls—it's not a big deal. But they got spread around. Like someone copied and pasted and said, Omigod, look at this, and blah blah blah."[139]
In April 2008, several provocative images of Cyrus in her underwear and swimsuit were leaked onto the web by a teenager who hacked Cyrus's Gmail account.[140][141][142][143] Cyrus described the images as "silly, inappropriate shots" and stated, "I am going to make mistakes and I am not perfect. I never intended for any of this to happen and I am truly sorry if I have disappointed anyone."[144][145] On April 25, 2008, the televised entertainment program Entertainment Tonight reported that Cyrus, then 15, had posed topless for a photoshoot taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz for Vanity Fair.[146] On April 29, 2008, The New York Times clarified that though the pictures left an impression that she was bare-breasted, Cyrus was wrapped in a bedsheet and was actually not topless.[147] Some parents expressed outrage at the nature of the photograph, which a Disney spokesperson described as "a situation [that] was created to deliberately manipulate a 15-year-old in order to sell magazines." Gary Marsh, president of entertainment for Disney Channel Worldwide, was quoted by Portfolio magazine to have said, "For Miley Cyrus to be a 'good girl' is now a business decision for her. Parents have invested in her a godliness. If she violates that trust, she won't get it back."[147] In response to the Internet circulation of the photo and ensuing media attention, Cyrus released a statement of apology on April 27, 2008: "I took part in a photo shoot that was supposed to be 'artistic' and now, seeing the photographs and reading the story, I feel so embarrassed. I never intended for any of this to happen and I apologize to my fans who I care so deeply about."[147] Leibovitz also released a statement: "I'm sorry that my portrait of Miley has been misinterpreted. The photograph is a simple, classic portrait, shot with very little makeup, and I think it is very beautiful."[147][148]
In May 2008, Gossett, Cyrus's longtime acting agent, left Cunningham Escott Slevin Doherty for United Talent Agency, partially with the hope of "giving Cyrus the major-agency backing that would support a widening career", according to The Hollywood Reporter.[30][149] About a year later in June 2009, Cyrus left both Gossett and UTA, which had recently negotiated her deals for The Last Song and the fourth season of Hannah Montana, and joined the Creative Artists Agency, which had already represented her for music.[150] Nikki Finke, who broke the news, reported, "Is this fair to UTA? Of course not. But I hear the decision was made by Miley's mother Trish [sic] Cyrus".[151]
Cyrus's performance of "Party in the U.S.A." at the 2009 Teen Choice Awards incited a media uproar, with some viewers criticizing Cyrus's provocative outfit and inclusion of a brief pole dance as inappropriate for her age, then sixteen, and for her young fans.[152][153] Conversely, Newsday reported that her sexualization "has been coming for some time."[154] Ian Drew, senior editor of US Weekly, said, "She already has this risque image, so it really wasn't much of a stretch. That's how Britney [Spears] took off. She was the good girl gone bad, and it looks to be working for Miley as well."[154] Cyrus was also criticized that year for dating Gaston, five years her senior,[155] and for a photo displaying Cyrus and friends making "slant-eyed" expressions, which the Organization of Chinese Americans claimed was offensive to the Asian community.[156] Cyrus apologized for the photo on her website, defending her actions and saying, "In NO way was I making fun of any ethnicity! I was simply making a goofy face."[157]
Later in 2010, TMZ released a video of Cyrus, then 16, giving Adam Shankman, producer of The Last Song, a lap dance at the film's wrap party.[158][159][160] Cyrus's father defended her actions, saying Miley was just "having fun" and that "it's what people her age do".[161] Later that year in December, TMZ released a video of Cyrus, which took place five days after her 18th birthday at her Los Angeles home, in which she is seen smoking from a bong. She claimed she was smoking the psychoactive plant salvia divinorum, although this has not been confirmed by anybody but Cyrus herself.[162][163][164] Salvia is legal in the state of California, and Cyrus was of legal age at the time the video was shot.[165] Cyrus's father expressed his sadness regarding the matter on Twitter, saying, "Sorry guys. I had no idea. Just saw this stuff for the first time myself. I'm so sad. There is much beyond my control right now".[166][167]
In a video obtained by The Daily, taking place at Cyrus' 19th birthday party at the Roosevelt Hotel in Los Angeles, Cyrus went to the microphone and addressed the crowd. Immediately after her Bob Marley-themed birthday cake had been brought out, Cyrus said, "You know you're a stoner when your friends make you a Bob Marley cake. You know you smoke way too much f****n' weed."[168] One week later, Cyrus' representative stated that Cyrus was just being a "smart-ass" and that the Bob Marley cake had just been an "inside joke" with Cyrus and her friends, as Cyrus' friend, Kelly Osbourne had been calling her "Bob Miley" since Cyrus' 2010 salvia incident.[169]
Filmography[link]
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2001–2003 | Doc | Kylie | Recurring role (3 episodes) |
| 2006–2011 | Hannah Montana | Miley Stewart / Hannah Montana | Lead role |
| 2006–2008 | Disney Channel | Herself / Hannah Montana | Contestant, special performer |
| 2006 | The Suite Life of Zack & Cody | Miley Stewart / Hannah Montana | "That's So Suite Life of Hannah Montana" (Season 2, Episode 20) |
| 2006–2008 | Disney 365 | Herself | In 9 episodes, 2006–2008. |
| 2007 | Replacements, TheThe Replacements | Celebrity Star (voice) | "Frog Prince" (Season 2, Episode 5) |
| 2007–2008 | Emperor's New School, TheThe Emperor's New School | Yata (voice) | Recurring role |
| 2008 | E! True Hollywood Story | Herself | TV special documentary |
| 2009 | Suite Life on Deck, TheThe Suite Life on Deck | Miley Stewart / Hannah Montana | "Double-Crossed" (Season 1, Episode 21) |
| 2011 | Saturday Night Live | Herself | Host, March 5 episode. |
| 2011 | i.am FIRST: Science is Rock and Roll | Herself | Back-to-school special. |
| 2012 | The Conversation | Herself | Interview series. April 14 episode. |
| 2012 | Punk'd | Herself | Guest on MTV prank series. |
Discography[link]
Main articles: Miley Cyrus discography and Hannah Montana discography
Studio albums[link]
- Meet Miley Cyrus (2007)
- Breakout (2008)
- Can't Be Tamed (2010)
Extended plays[link]
- The Time of Our Lives (2009)
- iTunes Live from London (2009)
Live albums[link]
- Best of Both Worlds Concert (2008)
Soundtracks[link]
- Hannah Montana (2006)
- Hannah Montana 2 (2007)
- Hannah Montana: The Movie (2009)
- Hannah Montana 3 (2009)
- Hannah Montana Forever (2010)
Tours[link]
- Best of Both Worlds Tour (2007–08)
- Wonder World Tour (2009)
- Gypsy Heart Tour (2011)
Awards and nominations[link]
Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Miley Cyrus
See also[link]
 |
Book: Miley Cyrus |
| Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print. | |
References[link]
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- ^ Kaufman, Gil (2012-02-08). "'Punk'd' Taps Justin Bieber, Miley Cyrus For Comeback — Music, Celebrity, Artist News". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1678777/punkd-premiere-justin-bieber-miley-cyrus.jhtml. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
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- ^ "[NEWS] Purchase "You’re Gonna Make Me Lonesome When You Go" on iTunes | Miley Cyrus | MileyCyrus.bz :: Your best 24/7 daily source for Miley Cyrus". MileyCyrus.bz. 2012-01-24. http://www.mileycyrus.bz/2012/01/24/news-purchase-youre-gonna-make-me-lonesome-when-you-go-on-itunes/. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
- ^ "Blogs: Guestlisted» Blog Archive » Miley Cyrus does Dylan...". BostonHerald.com. 2012-01-23. http://www.bostonherald.com/blogs/entertainment/guestlisted/index.php/2012/01/23/miley-cyrus-does-dylan/. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus — You'Re Gonna Make Me Lonesome When You Go Music Video". Directlyrics.com. 2012-01-23. http://www.directlyrics.com/miley-cyrus--youre-gonna-make-me-lonesome-when-you-go-music-video-news.html. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
- ^ Weiss, David (2012-01-26). "Dylan honored on Chimes of Freedom compilation | Play Goes Strong". Play.lifegoesstrong.com. http://play.lifegoesstrong.com/article/chimes-freedom-tribute-bob-dylan. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus Checks Out of Adam Sandler's Vampire Hotel Flick: Is Partying to Blame?". E! Online. 2012-02-09. http://www.eonline.com/news/marc_malkin/miley_cyrus_checks_out_of_adam_sandlers/292954. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
- ^ "Selena Gomez Replaces Miley Cyrus in Vampire Flick". E! Online. 2012-02-09. http://www.eonline.com/news/Selena_Gomez_Replaces_Miley_Cyrus_in_Vampire_Flick/293049. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
- ^ https://twitter.com/#!/MileyCyrus/status/167719956744642560
- ^ "// Get Ready For 2012 » Miley checks out of ‘Hotel Transylvania’ to work on music". Mileyonline.com. 2010-09-02. http://mileyonline.com/2012/02/10/miley-checks-out-of-hotel-transylvania-to-work-on-music/. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
- ^ "The Celebrity 100". Forbes. June 11, 2008. http://www.forbes.com/lists/2008/53/celebrities08_The-Celebrity-100_Rank_2.html. Retrieved 2010-02-14.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus franchise worth $1 billion". Associated Press. MSNBC. April 24, 2008. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/24293946/. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
- ^ Beckham, David (June 3, 2009). "#29 Miley Cyrus – The 2009 Celebrity 100". Forbes. http://www.forbes.com/lists/2009/53/celebrity-09_Miley-Cyrus_EB0C.html. Retrieved 2010-02-14.
- ^ Rose, Lacey (July 23, 2010). "The Best-Paid Celebs Under 30". Forbes. http://www.forbes.com/2010/07/23/best-paid-celebrities-under-30-business-entertainment-under-30.html.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus Net Worth 2011". Exploredia. April 8, 2011. http://exploredia.com/miley-cyrus-net-worth-2011/. Retrieved 2011-08-07.
- ^ Starr, Michael (May 10, 2010). "Miley Cyrus, Miranda Cosgrove, Selena Gomez among TV's richest kids". NYPOST.com. http://www.nypost.com/p/entertainment/tv/tv_richest_kids_bs5LNT6qkgJlBcLtRic1KM. Retrieved 2011-08-07.
- ^ Tomy333 Son profil Contacter. "Céline Dion, Barbra Streisand, Madonna, Britney... Qui est la chanteuse la plus riche de tous les temps ?". Purepeople.com. http://www.purepeople.com/article/celine-dion-barbra-streisand-madonna-britney-qui-est-la-chanteuse-la-plus-riche-de-tous-les-temps_a61796/1. Retrieved 2011-08-07.
- ^ Gouveia, Alexandria (May 26, 2011). "Top 10 Richest Teens In Hollywood – Features". Ahlan! Live. http://www.ahlanlive.com/top-10-richest-teens-in-hollywood-117810.html. Retrieved 2011-08-07.
- ^ Sessums, Kevin (March 21, 2010). "Miley Cyrus: 'I Know Who I Am Now'". Parade. http://www.parade.com/celebrity/2010/03/miley-cyrus.html. Retrieved 2011-10-07.
- ^ Tan, Michelle (March 8, 2008). "Behind the Scenes of Miley Cyrus' YouTube Hit". People.com. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20183035,00.html. Retrieved 2009-08-21.
- ^ a b c Abramowitz, Rachel (May 28, 2008). "All lenses are on Miley". The Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/2008/may/28/entertainment/et-brief28. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
- ^ Osmond, Donny (April 30, 2009). "Miley Cyrus – The 2008 TIME 100". Time. http://www.time.com/time/specials/2007/article/0,28804,1733748_1733752_1734628,00.html#ixzz0pT6GawvW. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus' Supersize 16 Party". Chicago Tribune. October 7, 2008. http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/chi-miley-cyrus-birthday-ft-1007oct07,0,1453559.story.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus to Hold Sweet 16 Fundraiser Birthday Bash at Disneyland". Fox News Channel (News Corporation). August 23, 2008. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,409327,00.html.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus To Celebrate 'Sweet 16' Birthday And Honor Youth Volunteers At Disneyland". Access Hollywood. August 22, 2008. http://www.accesshollywood.com/miley-cyrus-to-celebrate-sweet-16-birthday-and-honor-youth-volunteers-at-disneyland_article_10970.
- ^ Heldman, Breanne L. (June 9, 2009). "Miley Cyrus and Justin Gaston are Totally Dunzo". Eonline.com. http://www.eonline.com/uberblog/b128212_miley_cyrus_justin_gaston_are_totally.html. Retrieved 2009-08-21.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus Discusses Her Chemistry With Liam Hemsworth On 'Ellen'". MTV News. MTV. March 25, 2010. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1634665/20100325/cyrus__miley.jhtml. Retrieved 2010-03-25.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus On The End Of 'Hannah Montana' & Her 'First Serious Boyfriend'". Access Hollywood. March 17, 2010. http://www.accesshollywood.com/miley-cyrus-on-the-end-of-hannah-montana-and-her-first-serious-boyfriend_article_30260. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus and Liam Hemsworth Break-Up". NowPublic. August 25, 2010. http://www.nowpublic.com/culture/miley-cyrus-and-liam-hemsworth-break-2654942.html. Retrieved 2010-08-25.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus, Liam Hemsworth Split". US Magazine. August 25, 2010. http://www.usmagazine.com/celebritynews/news/miley-cyrus-liam-hemsworth-split-2010258. Retrieved 2010-08-25.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus & Liam Hemsworth Are Back Together". People Magazine. September 12, 2010. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20425223,00.html. Retrieved 2010-09-12.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus & Liam Hemsworth Split – Again". People Magazine. November 5, 2010. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20439836,00.html?xid=rss-topheadlines. Retrieved 2010-11-05.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus and Liam Hemsworth: Back Together? | Showbiz Spy – celebrity news, rumors & gossip". Showbiz Spy. April 1, 2011. http://www.showbizspy.com/article/229653/miley-cyrus-and-liam-hemsworth-back-together-2.html. Retrieved 2011-08-07.
- ^ Up for DiscussionPost Comment (September 14, 2009). "Taylor Swift, Kanye West Named Top Female and Male Artists of 2009". Billboard.com. http://www.billboard.com/news/taylor-swift-kanye-west-named-top-female-1004052679.story#/news/taylor-swift-kanye-west-named-top-female-1004052679.story. Retrieved 2010-03-08.
- ^ Up for Discussion Jump to Forums (December 10, 2009). "2009 Artists Of The Year". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/news/features/2009-artists-of-the-year-1004052641.story#/features/2009-artist-of-the-year-1004052641.story. Retrieved 2010-06-04. [dead link]
- ^ "SNL Roars Into March with Host Miley Cyrus and Musical Guest the Strokes on March 5". NBC. NBCUniversal. February 28, 2011. http://www.nbc.com/news/2011/02/28/snl-roars-into-march-with-host-miley-cyrus-and-musical-guest-the-strokes-on-march-5/. Retrieved 2011-04-04.
- ^ Handy, Bruce (October 20, 2009). "Miley Knows Best | Culture". Vanity Fair. http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/features/2008/06/miley200806?currentPage=1. Retrieved 2010-05-30.
- ^ Chmielewski, Dawn C. (April 25, 2008). "Cyrus photos may taint image". The Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/2008/apr/25/business/fi-disney25. Retrieved 2010-05-28.
- ^ Davies, Shawn (July 14, 2008). "Hacker leaks racy Miley Cyrus pics". ninemsn. http://news.ninemsn.com.au/article.aspx?id=595152. Retrieved 2010-05-29.
- ^ "Hacker Claims He Used Celeb E-mail, MySpace Accounts to Send Spam". http://a.abcnews.com/TheLaw/Technology/Story?id=6948781&page=1.
- ^ Zetter, Kim (2009). "Miley Cyrus Hacker Raided by FBI". Wired News. http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2009/02/miley-cyrus-hac-2. Retrieved 2010-05-29.
- ^ "Hacker Who Posted Racy Miley Cyrus Pics Busted". Fox News Channel (News Corporation). October 22, 2008. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,442983,00.html. Retrieved 2010-05-29.
- ^ Silverman, Steven M. (April 27, 2008). "Miley Cyrus: I'm Sorry for Photos". People. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20195785,00.html.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus topless controversy". news.com.au/dailytelegraph/. April 28, 2008. http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,23608789-5001026,00.html. Retrieved 2008-04-27.
- ^ a b c d Brook Barnes (April 28, 2008). "A Topless Photo Threatens a Major Disney Franchise". nytimes.com. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/28/business/media/28hannah.html. Retrieved 2008-04-29.
- ^ "Annie Leibovitz: 'Miley Cyrus Photos Were Misinterpreted' at". Hollywood.com. http://www.hollywood.com/news/Annie_Leibovitz_Miley_Cyrus_Photos_Were_Misinterpreted/5226536. Retrieved 2010-03-08.
- ^ Borys, Kit (May 4, 2008). "Miley Cyrus' agent moves to UTA". The Hollywood Reporter. http://www.backstage.com/bso/esearch/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003798813. Retrieved 2011-01-19.
- ^ Fleming, Michael (June 4, 2009). "Miley moseys over to CAA". Variety (Reed Business Information). http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118004545.html?categoryid=18&cs=1. Retrieved 2009-06-18.
- ^ Finke, Nikki (June 3, 2009). "Miley Cyrus Fired United Talent Today". Deadline Hollywood. http://www.deadline.com/2009/06/miley-cyrus-fired-united-talent-today. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
- ^ Carroll, Larry (August 10, 2009). "Miley Cyrus Spoofs Her Tennessee Roots In Teen Choice Awards Performance". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1617968/20090810/cyrus__miley.jhtml. Retrieved 2009-08-10.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus Performs 'Party In The U.S.A.'". MTV. August 10, 2009. http://www.mtv.com/videos/news/426175/miley-cyrus-performs-party-in-the-usa.jhtml#id=1617967. Retrieved 2009-08-10.
- ^ a b Kahn, Robert (August 10, 2009). "Miley Cyrus' pole-dancing performance sparks criticism". Newsday. http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/miley-cyrus-pole-dancing-performance-sparks-criticism-1.1360720. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
- ^ Serjeant, Jill (October 28, 2009). "Miley Cyrus voted worst celebrity influence of 2009". Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE59R22M20091028. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
- ^ "OCA Criticizes Singer Miley Cyrus for Mocking APA Community". http://www.ocanational.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=501&Itemid=94.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus accused of racism in new photo scandal". The Belfast Telegraph. February 6, 2009. http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/world-news/miley-cyrus-accused-of-racism-in-new-photo-scandal-14176699.html. Retrieved 2010-06-06.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus – So You Think You Can Lap Dance?". TMZ.com. May 12, 2010. http://www.tmz.com/2010/05/11/miley-cyrus-dirty-dancing-adam-shankman-movie-wrap-party-grind-so-you-think-you-can-dance. Retrieved 2010-05-26.
- ^ McKay, Hollie (May 14, 2010). "Is Miley Cyrus the New 'Britsay Spearshan'?". Fox News Channel (News Corporation). http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2010/05/14/miley-cyrus-new-britsay-spearshan. Retrieved 2010-05-26.
- ^ "WebPulse: Miley uproar, LOST and a rare giant fish – This Just In – CNN.com Blogs". CNN. http://news.blogs.cnn.com/2010/05/12/webpulse-miley-uproar-lost-and-a-rare-giant-fish. Retrieved 2010-05-26.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus' Dad Billy Ray Cyrus on Lapdance Video: 'Just Fun'". TMZ.com. May 13, 2010. http://www.tmz.com/2010/05/13/billy-ray-cyrus-miley-cyrus-dirty-dancing-grinding-video. Retrieved 2010-05-26.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus Video – Partying with a Bong". TMZ.com. December 10, 2010. http://www.tmz.com/2010/12/10/miley-cyrus-video-bong-hit-smoking-salvia-herb-pyschedelic-birthday-party-hannah-montana/. Retrieved 2010-12-10.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus Smokes From Water Pipe in Party Video". Fox News Channel (News Corporation). December 10, 2010. http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2010/12/10/miley-cyrus-smokes-water-pipe-party-video/. Retrieved 2010-12-10.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus Caught Smoking From Bong On Video". MTV News. MTV. December 10, 2010. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1653979/20101210/cyrus__miley.jhtml. Retrieved 2010-12-10.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus' smoking salvia boosts sales, renews calls for ban". International Business Times AU. Retrieved: December 14, 2010.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus bong-smoking video has dad Billy Ray 'so sad'". The Los Angeles Times. December 10, 2010. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/gossip/2010/12/miley-cyrus-bong-video-billy-ray-cyrus-reaction.html. Retrieved 2010-12-10.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus' Dad Billy Ray 'So Sad' About Bong Video". MTV News. MTV. December 10, 2010. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1654053/20101210/cyrus__miley.jhtml. Retrieved 2010-12-10.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus – Calls Herself a 'Stoner' and a 'Pothead'". TMZ.com. November 27, 2011. http://www.tmz.com/2011/11/27/miley-cyrus-stoner-weed-video. Retrieved 2012-01-04.
- ^ "Miley Cyrus – I Was a Smart-Ass, Not a Stoner". TMZ.com. November 28, 2011. http://www.tmz.com/2011/11/28/miley-cyrus-pothead-bob-marley/#.TtrnHbLNmJ5. Retrieved 2012-01-04.
Further reading[link]
- Cyrus, Miley and Lifton, Hilary (2009). Miles to Go. Disney-Hyperion Books. ISBN 978-1-4231-1992-0.
External links[link]
| Find more about Miley Cyrus on Wikipedia's sister projects: | |
 |
Images and media from Commons |
 |
Quotations from Wikiquote |
- Official website
- Miley Cyrus on Facebook
- Miley Cyrus's channel on YouTube
- Miley Cyrus on Myspace
- Miley Cyrus at the Internet Movie Database
- Miley Cyrus at MTV
- Works by or about Miley Cyrus in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
| Awards and achievements | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Jamie Lynn Spears for Zoey 101 |
Kids' Choice Awards Favorite TV Actress 2007, 2008 for Hannah Montana |
Succeeded by Selena Gomez for Wizards of Waverly Place |
| Preceded by America Ferrera for Ugly Betty |
Teen Choice Awards TV Actress Comedy 2007, 2008 for Hannah Montana |
Incumbent |
| Preceded by Fergie |
Teen Choice Awards Music Female Star 2008 |
|
| Preceded by Christa B. Allen for Cake |
Young Artist Awards Best Performance in a TV Series – Leading Young Actress 2008 for Hannah Montana |
|
| Preceded by Beyoncé Knowles |
Kids' Choice Awards Favorite Female Singer 2008, 2009 |
|
| Preceded by Ashley Tisdale for The Suite Life of Zack & Cody |
UK Kids' Choice Awards Favorite Female TV Star 2008 |
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Cyrus, Miley |
| Alternative names | Cyrus, Destiny Hope |
| Short description | American actress, singer |
| Date of birth | November 23, 1992 |
| Place of birth | Nashville, Tennessee, United States |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Miley_Cyrus
Related pages:
http://cs.wn.com/Miley Cyrusová
http://es.wn.com/Miley Cyrus
http://ru.wn.com/Сайрус, Майли
http://id.wn.com/Miley Cyrus
http://it.wn.com/Miley Cyrus
http://pl.wn.com/Miley Cyrus
http://fr.wn.com/Miley Cyrus
http://de.wn.com/Miley Cyrus
http://hi.wn.com/माईली सायरस
http://pt.wn.com/Miley Cyrus
http://nl.wn.com/Miley Cyrus
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miley_Cyrus
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
 Crawford during the 2009-2010 season |
|
| No. 11 – Portland Trail Blazers | |
|---|---|
| Guard | |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (1980-03-20) March 20, 1980 (age 32) Seattle, Washington |
| Nationality | American |
| High school | Rainier Beach (Seattle) |
| Listed height | 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) |
| Listed weight | 200 lb (91 kg) |
| Career information | |
| College | Michigan (1999–2000) |
| NBA Draft | 2000 / Round: 1 / Pick: 8th overall |
| Selected by the Cleveland Cavaliers | |
| Pro career | 2000–present |
| Career history | |
| 2000–2004 | Chicago Bulls |
| 2004–2008 | New York Knicks |
| 2008–2009 | Golden State Warriors |
| 2009–2011 | Atlanta Hawks |
| 2011–present | Portland Trail Blazers |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|
|
| Stats at NBA.com | |
| Stats at Basketball-Reference.com | |
Jamal Crawford (born March 20, 1980 in Seattle, Washington) is an American professional basketball player who plays with the NBA's Portland Trail Blazers. Crawford stands at 6'5" and weighs 200 lb (91 kg). Crawford played his high school basketball for Rainier Beach High School a basketball powerhouse in Seattle, before committing to play for the University of Michigan. Crawford was selected by the Cleveland Cavaliers but was traded on draft day to the Chicago Bulls, in his career he has also played for the New York Knicks, Golden State Warriors and Atlanta Hawks.
Contents |
High school and college[link]
Crawford attended Rainier Beach High School in Seattle, where his number (23) is retired. At Rainier Beach, Crawford was a standout player who led the Rainier Beach Vikings to victory in the 1998 WIAA State Championship. Rainier Beach High School is also where fellow NBA and NCAA basketball players Doug Christie, Nate Robinson, Terrence Williams, and C.J. Giles attended. After high school, Crawford attended the University of Michigan, where he was given a six-game suspension by the NCAA for violating rules on amateurism and extra benefits received by Seattle businessman Barry Henthorn. The university had been plagued by scandals such as this one, most notably the Ed Martin scandal. Crawford served his suspension and ended up averaging 16.6 points, 2.8 rebounds, 4.5 assists and 1.1 steals as a starter for the Wolverines. He then declared eligible for the 2000 NBA draft.[1][2]
Professional career[link]
- Chicago Bulls
Crawford was drafted in 2000 as a freshman by the Cleveland Cavaliers but was traded on draft day to the Chicago Bulls for their pick, Chris Mihm. In his rookie year Crawford started in 8 of the Bulls' 82 regular season games. In his rookie year Crawford struggled with his shot, shooting just 35.2 % from the field. Despite his low shooting percentage, Crawford scored in double digits 10 times and ended the season averaging 4.6 points, 1.5 rebounds and 2.3 assists. In his 2nd NBA season, Crawford played in only 23 games due to injury, starting in 8 of these games. Though limited by injury, in this season he improved in nearly every statistical category, averaging 9.3 points, 1.5 rebounds, 2.4 assists. In his third year with the Bulls, Crawford played in 80 games, starting in 31. Crawford became a major component of Bill Cartwright's offense, and continued to improve statistically, averaging 10.7 points, 2.3 rebounds, 4.2 rebounds and 1 steal per game. The Bulls missed the playoffs with a record of 30-52. Crawford's fourth year in Chicago was his last. In the season Crawford averaged 17.3 points, 3.5 rebounds, 5.1 assists and 1.4 assists. During the season Crawford became the starting shooting guard for the Bulls. Crawford had his best game as a Bull, scoring 50 points and drilling 6-11 three pointers, vs. the Toronto Raptors on April 11, 2004. The Bulls finished at 23-59 in what was Scottie Pippen's last year in the NBA. Prior to the 2004–05 season (after four seasons in Chicago), Crawford was traded, along with Jerome Williams, to the Knicks for Dikembe Mutombo, Othella Harrington, Frank Williams and Cezary Trybanski.
- New York Knicks
Crawford joined another young rebuilding team in the Knicks. Crawford started in 67 games for the Knicks, averaging 17.7 points, 2.9 rebounds, 4.3 assists and 1.4 steals. Crawford had many games in which he scored over 20 points, most noticeably a 41 point effort in which he made 17-25 shots against the Charlotte Bobcats on December 4, 2004. The Knicks failed to qualify for the playoffs. Crawford in his second year in New York took a reduced sixth man role under head coach Larry Brown. In the role he averaged 14.3 points, 3.1 rebounds and 3.8 assists. The Knicks failed to make the playoffs with at 23-59. For the 2006-2007 season the Knicks went a new direction, hiring Isiah Thomas to be the new head coach. He became the 4th head coach for the Knicks in 3 years. Crawford only played in 59 games due to injury but averaged 17.6 points, 3.2 rebounds, and 4.4 assists. In 2007-2008 Crawford averaged 20.6 points, 2.6 rebounds and 5.0 assists. Crawford provided one of the few bright spots for the 23-59 Knicks on January 26, 2007, when he scored a career high 52 points, hitting 16 shots in a row at one point. He hit 8 straight three pointers, one short of the team record set by Latrell Sprewell in 2002.[3] In 2008-2009 Crawford only played in 11 games for the Knicks before being traded to the Golden State Warriors for Al Harrington.
- Golden State Warriors
Crawford was a good fit in Don Nelson's run-and-gun offense because of his three point shooting, ball handling and quickness. Crawford played in 54 games for the Warriors, starting in all of them. There he averaged a near 20 points a game, with 1.5 rebounds and 4.4 assists. On December 20, 2008, Crawford scored 50 points vs the Charlotte Bobcats in a 110–103 victory for the Golden State Warriors. He became the fourth player in NBA history (after Wilt Chamberlain, Bernard King and Moses Malone) to score 50 points or more with 3 different teams, doing so with the Bulls, the Knicks, and the Warriors. The Warriors did not qualify for the playoffs. They traded Crawford to the Atlanta Hawks for guards Acie Law and Speedy Claxton.[4]
- Atlanta Hawks
When Crawford joined the Atlanta Hawks in 2009, the team had made the playoffs the last two seasons. On January 15, 2010 Crawford hit the game-winning three-pointer at the buzzer for the Hawks in a game against the Phoenix Suns; the Hawks won 102-101.[5] On February 5, 2010, Crawford set an NBA record by surpassing Reggie Miller and completing his 24th career four-point play.[6] Crawford averaged 18.0 points 2.5 rebounds and 2.0 assists off the bench, backing up All-Star guard Joe Johnson, and Mike Bibby. Crawford was a leading candidate for the NBA Sixth Man of the Year Award and eventually won. The Hawks, led by Joe Johnson, Josh Smith, Al Horford, Mike Bibby and Crawford, qualified for the playoffs. The clinching turned out to be Crawford's first trip to the playoffs; Crawford had the record for longest tenured player without playing in a playoff game.[7] Crawford and the Hawks advanced past the Milwaukee Bucks in seven games. Crawford led all scorers with 22 in the decisive game seven. The Hawks were eventually swept by the Orlando Magic. In his second season in Atlanta, the Hawks fired coach Mike Woodson and hired Larry Drew. Crawford regressed from his 2009-2010 season but still had a solid season off the bench, averaging 14.2 points, 1.7 rebounds and 3.2 assists. Crawford was considered for the Sixth Man of the Year Award but lost to Lamar Odom. The Hawks made it to the playoffs once again, this time as the 5th seed in the Eastern Conference. The Hawks defeated the Orlando Magic but were defeated in six games by the Chicago Bulls.
- Portland Trail Blazers
On December 15, 2011, Crawford signed with the Portland Trail Blazers.[8]
NBA career statistics[link]
| Legend | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GP | Games played | GS | Games started | MPG | Minutes per game |
| FG% | Field-goal percentage | 3P% | 3-point field-goal percentage | FT% | Free-throw percentage |
| RPG | Rebounds per game | APG | Assists per game | SPG | Steals per game |
| BPG | Blocks per game | PPG | Points per game | Bold | Career high |
Regular season[link]
| Year | Team | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000–01 | Chicago | 61 | 8 | 17.2 | .352 | .350 | .794 | 1.5 | 2.3 | .7 | .2 | 4.6 |
| 2001–02 | Chicago | 23 | 6 | 20.9 | .476 | .448 | .769 | 1.5 | 2.4 | .8 | .2 | 9.3 |
| 2002–03 | Chicago | 80 | 31 | 24.9 | .413 | .355 | .806 | 2.3 | 4.2 | 1.0 | .3 | 10.7 |
| 2003–04 | Chicago | 80 | 73 | 35.1 | .386 | .317 | .833 | 3.5 | 5.1 | 1.4 | .4 | 17.3 |
| 2004–05 | New York | 70 | 67 | 38.4 | .398 | .361 | .843 | 2.9 | 4.3 | 1.3 | .3 | 17.7 |
| 2005–06 | New York | 79 | 27 | 32.3 | .416 | .345 | .826 | 3.1 | 3.8 | 1.1 | .2 | 14.3 |
| 2006–07 | New York | 59 | 36 | 37.3 | .400 | .320 | .838 | 3.2 | 4.4 | 1.0 | .1 | 17.6 |
| 2007–08 | New York | 80 | 80 | 39.9 | .410 | .356 | .864 | 2.6 | 5.0 | 1.0 | .2 | 20.6 |
| 2008–09 | New York | 11 | 11 | 35.6 | .432 | .455 | .761 | 1.5 | 4.4 | .8 | .0 | 19.6 |
| 2008–09 | Golden State | 54 | 54 | 38.6 | .406 | .338 | .889 | 3.3 | 4.4 | .9 | .2 | 19.7 |
| 2009–10 | Atlanta | 79 | 0 | 31.1 | .449 | .382 | .857 | 2.5 | 3.0 | .8 | .2 | 18.0 |
| 2010–11 | Atlanta | 76 | 0 | 31.1 | .421 | .341 | .854 | 1.7 | 3.2 | .8 | .2 | 14.2 |
| 2011–12 | Portland | 60 | 6 | 26.9 | .384 | .308 | .927 | 2.0 | 3.2 | .9 | .2 | 13.9 |
| Career | 812 | 399 | 31.8 | .408 | .348 | .852 | 2.6 | 3.9 | 1.0 | .2 | 15.3 |
Playoffs[link]
| Year | Team | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2009–10 | Atlanta | 11 | 0 | 31.9 | .364 | .360 | .845 | 2.7 | 2.7 | .8 | .1 | 16.3 |
| 2010–11 | Atlanta | 12 | 0 | 29.8 | .394 | .350 | .824 | 1.3 | 2.5 | .8 | .3 | 15.4 |
| Career | 23 | 0 | 30.8 | .379 | .355 | .835 | 2.0 | 2.6 | .8 | .2 | 15.8 |
See also[link]
Notes and references[link]
- ^ College Basketball's Tarnished Twenty...University of Michigan, Findlaw Sports, Retrieved June 18, 2007
- ^ Crawford's benefactor back to business, out of basketball, By Ted Miller, Seattle Post-Intelligencer, Published February 1, 2001, Retrieved June 19, 2007 warriors
- ^ Knicks get revenge on Heat, who lose fourth out of five, January 26, 2007
- ^ "HAWKS FINALIZE DEAL FOR JAMAL CRAWFORD". NBA.com. 2009-06-25. http://www.nba.com/hawks/news/Hawks_Obtain_Crawford_Release_062509.html. Retrieved 2009-06-28.
- ^ "Everything You Need to Know: Hawks vs. Suns". NBA. January 15, 2010. http://www.nba.com/hawks/feature/everything_011510.html. Retrieved June 23, 2011.
- ^ Crawford breaks record
- ^ http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2010/writers/ian_thomsen/01/13/jamal.crawford/index.html
- ^ Former NBA Sixth Man of the Year Award winner to sign with Portland
External links[link]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Jamal Crawford |
- Jamal Crawford at NBA.com
- Current Stats
- More Current Stats
- Official website
- AUDIO: Catching Up With Jamal Crawford
- Jamal Crawford Blog On Newsday.com
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Crawford, Jamal |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | American basketball player |
| Date of birth | March 20, 1980 |
| Place of birth | Seattle, Washington |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Jamal_Crawford
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2010) |
| Magnetic Man | |
|---|---|
| Genres | Dubstep |
| Years active | 2007–present |
| Labels | Columbia |
| Associated acts | Katy B John Legend Ms Dynamite |
| Website | magneticman.net |
| Members | |
| Benga Skream Artwork |
|
Magnetic Man is an electronic music project consisting of dubstep producers and DJs, Benga, Skream and Artwork who has also recorded under his little known moniker "Having A Lovely Time". The trio first met in the late 1990s at the Big Apple Records store in Croydon, England. They perform using three computers, one playing drum samples, one playing basses and the third playing leads and samples.[1] Artwork controls the master laptop, to which the other two are synchronised via MIDI.[citation needed] Their sets usually consist of a mix of original tracks produced together, and live remixes of Benga and Skream's tracks, accompanied by synchronised projected visuals by Novak Collective.[2] They signed to Columbia Records in February 2010. Magnetic Man completed their first full length sellout tour on 5 November 2010.[3] Their eponymous debut studio album, Magnetic Man was released through Sony by Columbia Records on 10 October 2010.[4]
Contents |
Discography[link]
Albums[link]
| Year | Album details | Peak chart positions | |
|---|---|---|---|
| UK | BEL (FLA) [5] |
||
| 2010 | Magnetic Man
|
5 | 60 |
Extended plays[link]
| Year | Album |
|---|---|
| 2009 | The Cyberman
|
Singles[link]
| Year | Single | Peak chart positions | Album | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UK | BEL (FLA) [5] |
BEL (WAL) [7] |
DEN [8] |
|||
| 2010 | "I Need Air" (featuring Angela Hunte) | 10 | 27 | 55 | 13 | Magnetic Man |
| "Perfect Stranger" (featuring Katy B) | 16 | 63 | 78 | — | ||
| 2011 | "Getting Nowhere" (featuring John Legend) | 65 | 4 | 32 | — | |
| "Anthemic" (featuring P Money) | 50 | — | — | — | ||
Other charted songs[link]
| Year | Single | Peak positions |
Album | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UK [9] |
UK DAN [10] |
|||
| 2010 | "Crossover" (featuring Katy B) | 114 | 19 | Magnetic Man |
Other songs[link]
| Year | Single | Album |
|---|---|---|
| 2007 | "Soulz" (Benga Remix) | Dubstep Allstars: Volume 5 |
| "Alright, What's Happening?" | ||
| "Ligma" | ||
| 2008 | "Ligma VIP" | Mary Anne Hobbs presents Evangeline |
References[link]
- ^ "BBC Radio 1 Essential Mix: Magnetic Man (2010) 2 minutes, 13 seconds in". Bbc.co.uk. http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00t2kp7. Retrieved 2011-05-29.
- ^ "Magnetic Man unites dubstep pioneers Artwork, Benga and Skream". Metro.co.uk. 2010-07-25. http://www.metro.co.uk/music/836062-magnetic-man-unites-dubstep-pioneers-artwork-benga-and-skream. Retrieved 2011-05-29.
- ^ Smirke, Richard; Ferguson, Tom; Mitchell, Gail | Billboard | 2010-11-06 | 122:44 | 12(0) | ISSN: 00062510 | UNDERGROUND dance music; MUSIC trade; GREAT Britain
- ^ Fitzpatrick, Rob. "Magnetic Man: Dubstep's first supergroup." guardian.co.uk (2010): 2. Web. 7 Dec 2010. <http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/sep/09/magnetic-man-dubstep-interview>
- ^ a b "Magnetic Man: Discography Singles". ultratop.be/nl/ Hung Medien. http://www.ultratop.be/nl/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Magnetic+Man.
- ^ "The Cyberman EP: Magnetic Man: Amazon.co.uk: MP3 Downloads". Amazon.co.uk. http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B0024O4ZLU. Retrieved 2011-05-29.
- ^ "Magnetic Man: Discography Singles". ultratop.be/fr/ Hung Medien. http://www.ultratop.be/fr/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Magnetic+Man.
- ^ "Magnetic Man: Discography Singles". danishcharts.com/ Hung Medien. http://danishcharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Magnetic+Man.
- ^ "UK Singles Chart > w/e 23 October 2010". Official Charts Company. http://www.theofficialcharts.com/archive-chart/_/1/2010-10-23/. Retrieved 2010-10-18.
- ^ "UK Dance Singles Chart Archive > w/e 23 October 2010". Official Charts Company. http://www.theofficialcharts.com/archive-chart/_/18/2010-10-23/. Retrieved 2010-10-18.
External links[link]
- Official website
- Magnetic Man discography at Discogs
- Magnetic Man on Myspace
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Related pages:
http://ru.wn.com/Magnetic Man
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http://nl.wn.com/Magnetic Man
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http://it.wn.com/Magnetic Man
http://pl.wn.com/Magnetic Man
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_Man
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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Wiki Summary
Crossover is a term applied to musical works or performers appearing on two or more of the record charts which track differing musical tastes, or genres. If the second chart is a record chart, such as a "Hot 100" list, the work is not a crossover since the pop charts only track popularity and do not constitute a separate genre.
In some contexts the term "crossover" can have negative connotations, implying the watering-down of a music's distinctive qualities to accommodate to mass tastes. For example, in the early years of rock and roll, many songs originally recorded by African-American musicians were re-recorded by white artists such as Pat Boone in a more toned-down style, often with changed lyrics, that lacked the hard edge of the original versions. These covers were popular with a much broader audience.
In practice crossover frequently results from the appearance of the music in question in a film soundtrack. For instance, Sacred Harp music experienced a spurt of crossover popularity as a result of its appearance in the 2003 film Cold Mountain, and bluegrass music experienced a revival due to the reception of 2000's O Brother, Where Art Thou?. Even atonal music, which tends to be less popular among classical enthusiasts, has a kind of crossover niche, since it is widely used in filmmaking and television production scores "to depict an approaching menace", as noted by Charles Rosen.[citation needed]
