Branches of Mathematics

Pure mathematics

• Algebra
• Calculus
• Geometry
• Topology
• Trignometry
• Combinatorics
• Logic
• Number theory

Applied mathematics

• Dynamical systems and differential equations
• Mathematical physics
• Computing
• Information theory and signal processing
• Probability and statistics
• Game theory
• Operations research

Related Topics

• Electromagnetic Spectrum
• Linear Equations
• Applied Physics
• Nano Technology
• Engineering Sciences
• Mathematical Medicine
• Fluid dynamics
• Computational Mathematics
• Gamma Ray Optics
• Onfrared Optics
• Relative Velocity
• Iciam
• Intelligent Imaging Neuroscience
• Biomedical Engineering
• Neuroscience Research
• Quantum Cosmology
• Brain Research

• Andalusian Party
• Father
• Help Disambiguation
• LivePA
• P.A.
• Pa
• PA Consulting Group
• PA postcode area
• PA-RISC
• PAA (disambiguation)
• Pakistan Army
• Panama
• Paper size
• Parental advisory
• Pará
• Pascal (unit)
• Passive Aggressive
• Peano axioms
• Pennsylvania
• People's Association
• Per annum
• Personal assistant
• Philippine Army
• Phillips Academy
• Physician assistant
• Pickup Artist
• Plate appearance
• Polyacetylene
• Polyamide
• Position angle
• Power amplifier
• Press Association
• Pro-Ana
• Proanthocyanidins
• Production assistant
• Protactinium
• Province of Palermo
• Public Accountant
• Public address
• Punjabi language
• Pâ
• Pâ Department
• Pā (Māori)
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  Panama
  Panama (ⁱ/ˈpænəmɑː/ PAN-ə-mah; Spanish: Panamá), officially the Republic of Panama (Spanish: República de Panamá [reˈpuβlika ðe panaˈma]), is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The capital is Panama City. Explored and settled by the Spanish in the 16th century, Panama broke with Spain in 1821 and joined a union of Nueva Granada, Ecuador, and Venezuela, named the Republic of Gran Colombia.When Gran Colombia the dissolved in 1831, Panama and Nueva Granada remained joined. Nueva Granada later became the Republic of Colombia.
  With the backing of the United States, Panama seceded from Colombia in 1903, allowing the Panama Canal to be built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers between 1904 and 1914. In 1977, an agreement was signed for the complete transfer of the Canal from the United States to Panama by the end of the century.
  
  wn.com/Panama
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  Pará
  Pará (Portuguese pronunciation: [paˈɾa]) is a state in the north of Brazil. It borders the Brazilian states of (clockwise from north) Amapá, Maranhão, Tocantins, Mato Grosso, Amazonas and Roraima. To the northwest it also borders Guyana and Suriname, and to the northeast it borders the Atlantic Ocean. The capital and largest city is Belém, the 11th most populous city in the country.
  Pará is the most populous state of the northern region with a population of over 7.5 million. It is the second largest state of Brazil in area, with 1,247,689.515 km², second only to Amazonas (it was the third until Mato Grosso do Sul broke away from Mato Grosso in 1977). Its most famous icons are the Amazon River and the Amazon Rainforest. Pará produces rubber (extracted from natural rubber tree groves), tropical hardwoods such as mahogany, and minerals such as iron ore and bauxite.
  Every October, Belém receives tens of thousands of tourists for the year's most important religious celebration, the procession of the Círio de Nazaré. Another important attraction of the capital is the marajó-style ceramics, based on pottery from the extinct Marajó indigenous culture, whose designs have gained considerable international fame.
  
  wn.com/Pará
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  Pennsylvania
  Pennsylvania (ⁱ/ˌpɛnsɨlˈveɪnjə/), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a US state that is located in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States, and the Great Lakes Region. The state borders Delaware to the southeast, Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, Ontario, Canada to the northwest, New York to the north, and New Jersey to the east.
  Pennsylvania is the 33rd most extensive, the 6th most populous, and the 9th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The state's four most populous cities are Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown, and Erie. The state capital is Harrisburg. Pennsylvania has 51 miles (82 km) of shoreline along Lake Erie and 57 miles (92 km) of shoreline along the Delaware Estuary.
  Pennsylvania is 170 miles (274 km) north to south and 283 miles (455 km) east to west. Of a total 46,055 square miles (119,282 km²), 44,817 square miles (116,075 km²) are land, 490 square miles (1,269 km²) are inland waters, and 749 square miles (1,940 km²) are waters in Lake Erie. It is the 33rd largest state in the United States. Pennsylvania has 51 miles (82 km) of coastline along Lake Erie and 57 miles (92 km) of shoreline along the Delaware Estuary.
  
  wn.com/Pennsylvania
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  Phillips Academy
  Phillips Academy (also known as Phillips Andover, Andover, Phillips Academy Andover or PA) is a selective, co-educational independent boarding high school for boarding and day students in grades 9–12, along with a post-graduate (PG) year. The school is located in Andover, Massachusetts, United States, 25 miles north of Boston.
  Phillips Academy is the oldest incorporated academy in the United States, established in 1778 by Samuel Phillips, Jr.. Phillips's uncle founded Phillips Exeter Academy three years later, starting a rivalry that has continued through the centuries. Phillips Academy's endowment stood around $800 million in June 2011, the fourth-highest of any American secondary school. The three secondary schools with higher endowments are: Phillips Exeter ($1.0 billion) the Milton Hershey School in Pennsylvania, and Kamehameha Schools in Hawaii ($6.8 billion). Andover is subject to the control of a board of trustees, headed by Oscar Tang, a New York financier and philanthropist. In July 2012, Tang will retire and Peter Currie '74, business executive and former Netscape Chief Financial Officer, will take over as Chairman of the Board of Trustees. On November 14, 2011, John G. Palfrey Jr., Henry N. Ess III Professor of Law and Vice Dean for Library and Information Resources at Harvard Law School, was named the 15th Head of School.
  
  wn.com/Phillips_Academy
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  Province of Palermo
  The Province of Palermo (Italian: Provincia di Palermo; Sicilian: Pruvincia di Palermu) is a province in the autonomous region of Sicily, a major island in Southern Italy. Its capital is the city of Palermo. The Province of Palermo has 82 comuni (see Comunes of the Province of Palermo), 1,239,272 inhabitants, (24.9% of the Sicilian population) and is 4,992 km² (19.4% of the Sicilian territory).
  
  
  wn.com/Province_of_Palermo
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  Pâ
  Pâ is a town in the Pâ Department of Balé Province in south-western Burkina Faso. The town has a population of 8649 and it is the capital of Pâ Department.
  
  wn.com/Pâ
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  Pâ Department
  Pâ is a department or commune of Balé Province in southern Burkina Faso. Its capital lies at the town of Pâ. According to the 1996 census the department has a total population of 18,637.
  Largest towns and villages and populations in the department are as follows:
  Coordinates: 11°33′N 3°15′W / 11.55°N 3.25°W / 11.55; -3.25
  
  wn.com/Pâ_Department

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  Akon
  Aliaune Damala Badara Akon Thiam (born April 16, 1973), better known as simply Akon, is a Senegalese American R&B and hip hop recording artist, songwriter, record producer and businessman. He rose to prominence in 2004 following the release of "Locked Up", the first single from his debut album Trouble.
  He has since founded two successful record labels, Konvict Muzik and Kon Live Distribution. His second album, "Konvicted" received three nominations for the Grammy Awards in two categories, Best Contemporary R&B Album for "Konvicted" album and Best Rap/Sung Collaboration for "Smack That" and "I Wanna Love You". He is the first solo artist to hold both the number one and two spots simultaneously on the Billboard Hot 100 charts 'twice'.
  Akon often sings hooks for other artists and is currently credited with over 300 guest appearances and more than 35 Billboard Hot 100 songs. He has worked with numerous performers such as Michael Jackson, Quincy Jones, Eminem, Whitney Houston, Lil Wayne, 50 Cent, Bone Thugs-N-Harmony, Gwen Stefani, Snoop Dogg and many more artists. He has had five Grammy Awards nominations and has produced many hits for artists such as Lady Gaga, Colby O'Donis, Kardinal Offishall and Leona Lewis. Lady Gaga and T-Pain are two artists who were given their chance at fame by Akon.
  
  wn.com/Akon
• Andy Montañez
  Andrés Montañez (born May 7, 1942), better known as Andy Montañez, is a salsa singer from Puerto Rico.
  Montañez, like singer Daniel Santos and boxer Ossie Ocasio, is a native of the Tras Talleres area of Santurce San Juan. He is known by the nicknames "El Godfather de la Salsa" and "El Niño De Trastalleres". He is the first born out of 17 children.
  Montañez first gained fame as a member of the internationally successful El Gran Combo group, with songs like "Hojas blancas" (White Leaves), "Un verano en N.Y." (A Summer at NY), "El barbero loco" (The Crazy Barber), "Julia", "Ponme el alcoholado, Juana" (Rub Me With Alcohol), "Vagabundo" (Bum), "El Swing", etc. He stayed for approximately 15 years, producing 37 LP's. He left El Gran Combo to pursue a career with Venezuelan group La Dimension Latina. Creating a feud between the two groups. After leaving El Gran Combo, he enjoyed considerable success on an international scale with his own orchestra, touring Latin America and the United States several times. He represented Puerto Rico at the 1992 World's Fair in Seville, Spain.
  
  wn.com/Andy_Montañez
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  Bounty Killer
  Bounty Killer (born Rodney Basil Price; 12 June 1972; Kingston, Jamaica) is a Grammy nominated Jamaican reggae and dancehall deejay. He is the founder of a dancehall collective known as The Alliance.
  Price moved to Kingston at an early age, along with his mother and siblings. His father owned and ran the Black Scorpio sound system and Price started his musical career as a sound system deejay in his early teens. At the age of 14, Price was shot by a stray bullet during a gunfight between rival political factions, and while convalescing in hospital decided on the name Bounty Killer. After recovering, he increased his performances on a greater number of sound systems, and turned his attention towards recording.
  During the early 1990s, Price was encouraged recorded at King Jammy's studio in Kingston. Price eventually recorded with King Jammy, the first session being in Spring 1992. One of his first tunes was the "Coppershot", which Jammy was unwilling to release due to its lyrics glorifying gun culture. Jammy's brother Uncle T disagreed and released the single himself.
  
  wn.com/Bounty_Killer
• Bruno Barreto
  Bruno Barreto (born March 16, 1955) is a Brazilian film director born in Rio de Janeiro. He has been making feature-length films ever since he was seventeen years old and remains one of Brazil's most accomplished and popular directors to this day. The type of films he makes vary widely from light comedies like Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands (1976) and Bossa Nova (2000) to tense political thrillers like Four Days in September (1997). Four Days in September was entered into the 47th Berlin International Film Festival.
  Other films Barreto has directed films include Carried Away and View from the Top. Barreto was married to actress Amy Irving from 1996 to 2005, with whom he made Bossa Nova and Carried Away. They had one son (Gabriel) together. He is the ex-stepfather of Max Spielberg Irving's son by her first husband Steven Spielberg.
  According to Bloomberg News, Brazilian prosecutors allege that Barreto razed protected jungle on Brazil's Pico Island to build a personal home. He was charged in 2006 for illegally clearing protected forestland. Barreto had agreed in a 2008 court proceeding to demolish said house and restore the land within 2 years. Yet, four years later, prosecutors claim that the house remains intact.
  
  wn.com/Bruno_Barreto
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  Daddy Yankee
  Ramón Luis Ayala Rodríguez (born February 3, 1977), known artistically as Daddy Yankee, is a Latin Grammy Award-winning Puerto Rican reggaeton recording artist. Ayala was born in Río Piedras, the largest district of San Juan, where he became interested in music at a young age. In his youth he was interested in baseball, and aspired to become a Major League Baseball player. He was unable to continue this sport when he received an injury to one of his legs, leaving him unable to walk correctly. He then became involved in the underground rap movement that was in its early stages in Puerto Rico, later to be called reggaeton. After receiving lessons from several artists within the genre, he developed an independent career, first recording in a production titled Playero 37. After this he began to produce independent albums. His first solo album was No Mercy. He subsequently formed a duo with Nicky Jam, and then continued his solo career with the releases of El Cartel and El Cartel II. This led him be one of many pioneers of the reggaeton genre earning him the nickname "El Cangri".
  
  wn.com/Daddy_Yankee
• DJ Playero
  DJ Playero is a Puerto Rican producer of reggaeton artists and albums. He is considered to be one of the pioneers of the genre on the island. In the early 90s, most of his underground productions were distributed and sold in housing projects and among fans. Most of those are considered pinnacles of the genre and launched the careers of lots of reggaeton artists.
  With the surge of reggaeton in the late 90s, his productions became more stylized and mainstream. He reissued some of his earlier underground productions and several compilations of hits. In 2003, a DVD titled Playero: Su Trayectoria was released.
  As a producer he has worked with artists like Vico C, Daddy Yankee, Plan B, Mexicano 777, Baby Rasta & Gringo, Alberto Style, Master Joe Y O.G. Black, Don Chezina, Rey Pirin, Yaviah, Ruben Sam, Ranking Stone, Tempo, Don Omar, Tego Calderón, and many others.
  
  wn.com/DJ_Playero
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  Don Omar
  Don Omar (born William Omar Landrón Rivera; February 10, 1978 ), a Puerto Rican reggaeton singer-rapper and actor. He is sometimes referred to by his nickname El Rey (Spanish: "The King").
  William Omar Landrón Rivera is the oldest son of William Landrón and Luz Antonia Rivera. He was raised in Santurce, a barrio in the Villa Palmeras area of San Juan, Puerto Rico. From an early age, he showed interest in the music of Vico C and Brewley MC.^{[citation needed]} During his youth, he became an active member of a Protestant church, Iglesia Evangélica Restauración en Cristo in Bayamón where he occasionally offered sermons. However, after four years, he left the church to dedicate himself to singing.
  His first public performance in a night club was accompanied by disc jockey Eliel Lind Osorio. Afterwards he appeared regularly on compilation albums from popular DJs and producers including Luny Tunes, Noriega, and DJ Eric. He also worked as a backup singer for the duo Héctor & Tito. One of the members, Héctor Delgado, helped him produce his first solo album.
  
  wn.com/Don_Omar
• Héctor Delgado
  Héctor Delgado Román, (born in Carolina, Puerto Rico) is a Puerto Rican former reggaeton artist and producer, formerly known by the artistic names Héctor "El Father" and Hector "El Bambino". He announced his retirement in 2008 but had a series of "Farewell Concerts" that went until May 2010. He rose to fame as a member of the duo Héctor & Tito. As a producer Delgado has worked with several reggaeton producers, as well as Emilio Estefan.
  Hector joined Efraín Fines Nevares (later known as Tito "El Bambino") and formed the duo Héctor y Tito ("Los Bambinos"). Héctor y Tito released their first album in 1998. Together they became reggaeton stars releasing several successful albums and making appearances in several compilations, becoming one of the most sought-out duos in the genre. Both became the first reggaeton artists to sell out a massive concert in Puerto Rico, opening the path to other artists such as Tego Calderón, Daddy Yankee, Don Omar, and Wisin & Yandel. As a duet both captured the world's attention and made reggaeton a popular genre, winning awards such as the Billboard Latin Music Award for Latin rap album of the year for their album "A La Reconquista".
  
  wn.com/Héctor_Delgado
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  John McCain
  John Sidney McCain III (born August 29, 1936) is the senior United States Senator from Arizona. He was the Republican presidential nominee in the 2008 United States election.
  McCain followed his father and grandfather, both four-star admirals, into the United States Navy, graduating from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1958. He became a naval aviator, flying ground-attack aircraft from aircraft carriers. During the Vietnam War, he was almost killed in the 1967 USS Forrestal fire. In October 1967, while on a bombing mission over Hanoi, he was shot down, seriously injured, and captured by the North Vietnamese. He was a prisoner of war until 1973. McCain experienced episodes of torture, and refused an out-of-sequence early repatriation offer. His war wounds left him with lifelong physical limitations.
  He retired from the Navy as a captain in 1981 and moved to Arizona, where he entered politics. Elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1982, he served two terms, and was then elected to the U.S. Senate in 1986, winning re-election easily four times, most recently in 2010. While generally adhering to conservative principles, McCain at times has had a media reputation as a "maverick" for his willingness to disagree with his party on certain issues. After being investigated and largely exonerated in a political influence scandal of the 1980s as a member of the Keating Five, he made campaign finance reform one of his signature concerns, which eventually led to the passage of the McCain-Feingold Act in 2002. He is also known for his work towards restoring diplomatic relations with Vietnam in the 1990s, and for his belief that the war in Iraq should be fought to a successful conclusion. McCain has chaired the Senate Commerce Committee, opposed spending that he considered to be pork barrel, and played a key role in alleviating a crisis over judicial nominations.
  
  wn.com/John_McCain
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  Juan Luis Guerra
  Juan Luis Guerra (born June 7, 1957) is a singer, songwriter and producer from the Dominican Republic who has sold over 30 million records, and won numerous awards including 12 Latin Grammy Awards, two Grammy Awards, and two Latin Billboard Music Awards. He recently won 3 Latin Grammy Awards in 2010, including Album of the Year.
  He is one of the most internationally recognized Latin artists of recent decades. His pop style of merengue and bolero and Afro-pop/Latin fusion has garnered him considerable success throughout Latin America. Guerra is sometimes associated with the popular Dominican music called bachata, and while this association is partly true, he actually uses the basics of Bachata rhythm with a more bolero feel to the melodies in some of his songs. He does not limit himself to one style of music, instead, he incorporates diverse rhythms like merengue, bolero-bachata, balada, salsa, rock and roll, and even gospel as in the song "La Gallera". "Ojalá Que Llueva Café" ("I Wish It Would Rain Coffee") is one of his most critically acclaimed self-written and composed pieces. A remix of "La Llave de Mi Corazón" ("The Key of My Heart") with Taboo from The Black Eyed Peas is also an example of his fusion of genres.
  
  wn.com/Juan_Luis_Guerra
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  Juanes
  Juan Esteban Aristizábal Vásquez (born August 9, 1972), better known as Juanes (for the contraction of his first and second name) is a Colombian musician who was a member of heavy metal band Ekhymosis and is now a solo artist. In 2000, his solo debut album Fíjate Bien won three Latin Grammy Awards. According to his record label, Juanes has sold more than 15 million albums worldwide.
  Raised in Medellín, Colombia, Juanes began playing guitar at age seven. He started his first band, Ekhymosis, in 1988, which experienced commercial success in Colombia but had difficulty achieving popularity outside of the country. In 2000, Juanes released his solo debut album, Fíjate Bien, which earned him three Latin Grammys. His follow-up album, Un Dia Normal, was released in 2002 and was later certified platinum in multiple countries throughout Latin America. Juanes' third album, Mi Sangre, achieved success due to the single "La Camisa Negra". He has since released La Vida... Es Un Ratico (2007) and P.A.R.C.E. (2010).
  
  wn.com/Juanes
• Luny Tunes
  Not to be confused with Looney Tunes, an American animation franchise.
  Luny Tunes are a Dominican reggaeton production duo consisting of Francisco Saldaña (Luny) and Víctor Cabrera (Tunes) who have been known for creating unique musical rhythms for some of the most popular reggaeton artists since the early 2000s.
  Francisco Saldaña was born on June 23, 1979, and Víctor Cabrera was born on April 12, 1981. Both originally from the Dominican Republic, they originally started working at the Leverett House dining hall at Harvard University before their commercial success as reggaeton producers.
  Luny Tunes was reggaeton's first major hitmaking production team, cranking out an assembly line of hit singles, club anthems, and CD mixtapes, all the while collaborating with many of the style's top vocalists. Luny Tunes were given their big break by DJ Nelson, a reggaeton pioneer who recognized their production talents, which had been well showcased on Hector & Tito's A La Reconquista (2002), and signed them to his Flow Music label. Luny Tunes in turn made their major-label debut, alongside another promising young production talent, Noriega, on Mas Flow (2003). The CD mixtape featured most of reggaeton's top vocalists of the time (Daddy Yankee, Don Omar, Tego Calderón, Wisin & Yandel, Hector & Tito, Zion & Lennox, Baby Ranks, Nicky Jam, Trebol Clan, and many more) and firmly established the duo as a go-to production team. The CD was a huge commercial success in Latin America and was one of the top Latin albums in the United States.
  
  wn.com/Luny_Tunes
• Nicky Jam
  Nick Rivera Caminero (born in Boston, Massachusetts) is known artistically as Nicky Jam is a Puerto Rican singer. He was born to a Dominican mother and a Puerto Rican father. He is a reggaeton artist known for such hits as "Me Voy Pa'l Party", "Chambonea", "En la Cama", "Buscarte", "Guayando", "Vive Contigo" among others.
  Born in Boston Massachusetts; he later moved with his family to Barrio Obrero, Puerto Rico. He has been in reggaeton since he was young and met with Daddy Yankee when they were recording with Guatauba and DJ Playero. He rose in popularity after the release of Vida Escante in 2004 and The Black Carpet in 2007 (his most recent studio album). Nicky Jam has worked with Daddy Yankee, Don Chezina, Lito & Polaco, Big Boy, R.K.M & Ken-Y and Héctor & Tito.^{[citation needed]} He has appeared in many reggaeton albums, currently holding the record for most appearances on various artist CDs which was formerly held by Daddy Yankee and Kesas.^{[citation needed]}
  
  wn.com/Nicky_Jam
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  Nicole Scherzinger
  Nicole Prescovia Elikolani Valiente Scherzinger (born June 29, 1978) is an American singer, songwriter, dancer, record producer, model and actress. Scherzinger is well known as the lead singer of the Pussycat Dolls. Previously, Scherzinger was a backing vocalist for the late-1990s rock group Days of the New and was a part of reality TV girl group Eden's Crush. After the disbandment of the group, she joined the Pussycat Dolls and became the group's lead vocalist during their transition into a career in music.
  The Pussycat Dolls rose to prominence when they enlisted Scherzinger as their lead front woman of the group. When Scherzinger joined the now multi-platinum group, they became a worldwide phenomenon, releasing two albums, PCD (2008) and Doll Domination (2008) and embarked on several concert tours. With her strong vocal range, Scherzinger scored the group a string of massive hit singles, including the number ones "Don’t Cha" (2005) and "Buttons" (2006), "Stickwitu" (2005), "I Hate This Part" (2008), and "When I Grow Up" (2008), which hit the Top 10 in 16 countries. In 2009, Scherzinger wrote and recorded an adaptation of A.R. Rahman’s "Jai Ho" (from the film "Slumdog Millionaire") which went to number one in 17 countries. Their debut album, PCD, has sold nine million copies worldwide, and their sophomore album, Doll Domination, has sold 5 million copies worldwide to date. The group won three Billboard Music Awards, two MTV Video Music Awards, and toured with Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, and The Black Eyed Peas. The Dolls have sold 15 million albums, and 37 million singles worldwide, making them one of the best selling girl groups of all time.
  
  wn.com/Nicole_Scherzinger
• Scott Storch
  Scott Storch (born December 16, 1973) is an American record producer. He produces a variety of music, particularly hip hop, reggaeton, and R&B. His label, Storch Music Company (formerly Storchaveli Recordings) responsible for signing Brooke Hogan and Nox. He also has his own music production company called Tuff Jew Productions LLC which is published by Reservoir Media Management.
  Scott Spencer Storch was born in Long Island, New York. His mother, Joyce Yolanda Storch, was a singer signed to Philadelphia's Cameo-Parkway Records under the stage name Joyce Carol, and is of Lithuanian Jewish heritage. His father, Phil Storch, was a court reporter. His uncle, Jeremy Storch, was a founder of soul-rock band The Vagrants and wrote songs recorded by Dave Mason and Eddie Money Storch's parents divorced in 1983.
  Storch attended elementary school in Sunrise and middle school in Davie, Florida. In the middle of his freshman year, he left South Florida to join his father in the Philadelphia area, and attended high school in Bensalem, Pennsylvania. After dropping out of high school in the ninth grade, Storch was expelled from home at the age of 16. By age 18 he was living with his father in Cherry Hill, New Jersey, where his cousin lived nearby. It was here his musical abilities flourished. Scott had a son in 1991, Steve Storch Bellido.
  
  wn.com/Scott_Storch
• Tainy
  Marco Masís, artistically known as Tainy, is a reggaeton producer. At 20 years old, he is one of the youngest and most successful producers in the reggaeton genre today. Born and raised in San Juan, Puerto Rico, he entered the world of reggaeton with his work on Mas Flow 2.
  After meeting with Nely "El Arma Secreta", he gave Luny his demo. Luny liked what he heard and signed Tainy to his team. When Tainy was 15, Nely loaned him FL Studio XXL for producing. Tainy practiced with it for a whole year until he mastered it.
  The first assignment Tainy received from Luny, was to see if he really had what it took. Luny liked the first song he worked on so much that he ended up using it for Mas Flow 2.
  Tainy co-produced (with Luny Tunes) the Los Benjamins album, producing 15 of the tracks. He has worked as a producer with Wisin & Yandel, Janet Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, Paris Hilton, and Wise.
  
  wn.com/Tainy
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  Thalía
  Ariadna Thalía Sodi Miranda (born August 26, 1971), known mononymously as Thalía (Spanish pronunciation: [taˈli.a]), is a Mexican singer, songwriter and actress. She has sold over 40 million albums worldwide. She has sung in Spanish, English, French, Portuguese and Tagalog.
  Thalia has been nominated for various Latin Grammy, Latin Billboard and many other awards throughout her career, being considered as one of the best known Latin singers globally.
  Apart from her success in music, she also rose to international fame because of her starring in very successful soap operas like Marimar and María la del Barrio. Thalía has achieved to maintain her autonomy and her status as a powerful woman within the recording industry because of her multifaceted career in many different fields of art. She is also an occasional author, businesswoman and fashion designer.
  Thalía was born on August 26, 1971 in Mexico City, Mexico. She is the daughter of Ernesto Sodi Pallares, a scientist, doctor of pathology, criminologist and writer, and Yolanda Miranda Mange, a painter and Thalía's manager from 1980 to 1999. She is the youngest of five children. She has four sisters, Laura Zapata, Federica, Gabriela and Ernestina Sodi. When Thalía was five years old, her father died and this loss had a devastating effect on her. As a youth, Thalia was a good student throughout her school years and studied at the prestigious Lycée Franco-Mexicain whose French-Spanish curriculum made her bilingual at an early age. Thalia said that if she were not in show business, she would become a biologist or psychologist.
  
  wn.com/Thalía
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  Vico C
  Vico C (born Luis Armando Lozada Cruz on September 8, 1971) is an Puerto Rican rapper and reggaeton artist. He is considered one of the founding fathers of reggaeton and has played an influential role in the development of Latin American hip hop.
  He was born in New York and raised in Puerto Rico. Nicknamed The Philosopher, Lozada Cruz adopted the professional name Vico C. Vico C describes rap as "essentially hip-hop but with a flavor more compatible to the Caribbean." Though he maintains they are of the same essence, Vico C believes the difference lies in the quintessential music style; the beat or rhythm of the music.
  As one of the founders of hip hop in Spanish, Vico C was able to show that it was possible for one to be able to rap entirely and compellingly in Spanish using just occasional English phrases or slang terms. He can be seen in the rap movement as far back as its "underground" days ghostwriting and producing music for other young performers in the Puerto Rican rap scene.
  Vico C grew up in the Puerta de Tierra barrio in San Juan. He got enrolled in acting classes by the age of nine and began his professional rapping career in 1985. At first, he used to go to bodegas (grocery stores) or pharmacies, buy home recording tapes, record himself singing his songs and then sell the tapes to friends or family.
  
  wn.com/Vico_C
• Wayne Wonder
  Wayne Wonder (born Von Wayne Charles, 26 July 1972) is a Jamaican reggae fusion (specifically reggae / R&B) artist. While his early recordings were dancehall and reggae, he later moved towards hip hop and rap.
  Wonder was born in Buff Bay, Portland, Jamaica. He sang in Sunday school as a child, and began songwriting at the age of 13, getting a major career break when he was given a regular weekly slot at Metro Media in Allman Town. He auditioned at Sonic Sounds studio, but while Sly Dunbar was impressed, his touring commitments with Black Uhuru prevented him from signing Wonder. He had more success, however, with King Tubby, who produced his first single, "Long and Lasting Love", in 1985, with two more following. Wonder's career suffered a setback when Tubby was killed in 1988, and he recorded for several other record producers at Sonic Sound, enjoying a further hit with the Lloyd Dennis-produced "It's Over Now", leading to the release of his first album, No More Chance, although his success in this era was limited. His fortunes improved when he began working with Dave Kelly, a friend from primary school, who had become resident sound engineer at Penthouse Studios. The partnership enjoyed a string of hits, starting with "Saddest Day", and they also worked on Wonder's second album, Part 2. His 1990 live performance of Alphaville's "Forever Young" was recorded and later released to Alphaville fans in a limited, cassette-only album entitled History. He toured the UK in 1992 along with other Penthouse stars Marcia Griffiths, Tony Rebel, and Buju Banton. He also recorded "Bonafide Love (Movie Star)" with Buju Banton, and wrote several early hits for him, including the controversial "Boom Bye Bye". He toured again with Banton in 1994 as part of the Penthouse Showcase.
  
  wn.com/Wayne_Wonder
• Wikipedia Persondata
  wn.com/Wikipedia_Persondata

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• timeline:
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• 2008
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• 2006
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• 2001