- published: 14 Apr 2012
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Americas
The Americas, or America, are lands in the Western hemisphere, also known as the New World.
In the English language, the Americas refers to the landmasses of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions, whereas America, in current usage, usually refers to the United States of America.
The Americas cover 8.3% of the Earth's total surface area (28.4% of its land area) and contain about 13.5% of the human population (about 900 million people).
The specifics of Paleo-Indian migration to and throughout the Americas, including the exact dates and routes traveled, are subject to ongoing research and discussion. The traditional theory has been that these early migrants moved into the Beringia land bridge between eastern Siberia and present-day Alaska around 40,000–17,000 years ago, when sea levels were significantly lowered due to the Quaternary glaciation. These people are believed to have followed herds of now-extinct pleistocene megafauna along ice-free corridors that stretched between the Laurentide and Cordilleran ice sheets. Another route proposed is that, either on foot or using primitive boats, they migrated down the Pacific Northwest coast to South America. Evidence of the latter would since have been covered by a sea level rise of hundreds of meters following the last ice age.
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Argentina
Argentina
i/ˌɑrdʒənˈtiːnə/, officially the Argentine Republic (Spanish: República Argentina [reˈpuβlika aɾxenˈtina]), is a country in South America, the continent's second largest by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. It is the eighth-largest country in the world by land area and the largest among Spanish-speaking nations.
Argentina's continental area is between the Andes mountain range in the west and the Atlantic Ocean in the east. It borders Paraguay and Bolivia to the north, Brazil and Uruguay to the northeast, and Chile to the west and south. Argentine claims over Antarctica, as well as overlapping claims made by Chile and the United Kingdom, are suspended by the Antarctic Treaty of 1961. Argentina also claims the Falkland Islands (Spanish: Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, which are administered by the United Kingdom as British Overseas Territories.
A recognised middle power, Argentina is Latin America's third-largest economy, with a "very high" rating on the Human development index. Within Latin America, Argentina has the fifth highest nominal GDP per capita and the highest in purchasing power terms. Analysts have argued that the country has a "foundation for future growth due to its market size, levels of foreign direct investment, and percentage of high-tech exports as share of total manufactured goods", and it is classed by investors as middle emerging economy. Argentina is a founding member of the United Nations, Mercosur, the Union of South American Nations, the Organization of Ibero-American States, the World Bank Group and the World Trade Organization, and is one of the G-15 and G-20 major economies.
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Armenia
Armeniai/ɑrˈmiːniə/ (Armenian: Հայաստան Hayastan [hɑjɑsˈtɑn]), officially the Republic of Armenia (Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն, Hayastani Hanrapetut’yun, [hɑjɑstɑˈni hɑnɾɑpɛtuˈtʰjun]), is a landlocked, mountainous country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, the de facto independent Nagorno-Karabakh Republic and Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan to the south.
A former republic of the Soviet Union, Armenia is a unitary, multiparty, democratic nation-state with an ancient and historic cultural heritage. The Kingdom of Armenia became the first state in the world to adopt Christianity as its religion, in the early years of the 4th century (the traditional date is 301 AD). The modern Republic of Armenia recognizes the Armenian Apostolic Church, the world's oldest national church, as the country's primary religious establishment. Armenians have their own unique alphabet invented by Mesrob Mashtots in 406 AD.
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Australia
Australia (
/əˈstreɪljə/), officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent as well as the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. Neighbouring countries include Indonesia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea to the north; the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and New Caledonia to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east.
For at least 40,000 years before European settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who belonged to one or more of roughly 250 language groups. After discovery by Dutch explorers in 1606, Australia's eastern half was claimed by Great Britain in 1770 and settled through penal transportation to the colony of New South Wales from 26 January 1788. The population grew steadily in subsequent decades; the continent was explored and an additional five self-governing Crown Colonies were established.
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Austrian Empire
The Austrian Empire (German: Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling Kaisertum Österreich) was a modern era successor empire, which was centered on what is today's Austria and which officially lasted from 1804 to 1867. It was followed by the Empire of Austria-Hungary, whose proclamation was a diplomatic move that elevated Hungary's status within the Austrian Empire as a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867. The Austro-Hungarian Empire (1867 to 1918) was itself dissolved by the victors at the end of World War I and broken into separate new states.
The term "Austrian Empire" is also used for the Habsburg possessions before 1804, which had no official collective name, although Austria is more frequent; the term of Austria-Hungary has also been used.[citation needed]
The Austrian Empire was founded by the Habsburg monarch Holy Roman Emperor Francis II (who became Emperor Francis I of Austria), as a state comprising his personal lands within and outside of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation.
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Belgium
Belgium (i/ˈbɛldʒəm/ BEL-jəm), officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO. Belgium covers an area of 30,528 square kilometres (11,787 sq mi), and it has a population of about 11 million people. Straddling the cultural boundary between Germanic and Latin Europe, Belgium is home to two main linguistic groups, the Dutch-speakers, mostly Flemish (about 60%), and the French-speakers, mostly Walloons (about 40%), plus a small group of German-speakers. Belgium's two largest regions are the Dutch-speaking region of Flanders in the north and the French-speaking southern region of Wallonia. The Brussels-Capital Region, officially bilingual, is a mostly French-speaking enclave within the Flemish Region. A German-speaking Community exists in eastern Wallonia. Belgium's linguistic diversity and related political conflicts are reflected in the political history and a complex system of government.
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Borsa Italiana
The Borsa Italiana S.p.A., based in Milan, is Italy's main stock exchange. It was privatised in 1997 and is a part of the London Stock Exchange Group plc since 2007. In 2005, the companies listed on the Borsa were worth US$890 billion. It is also informally known as Piazza Affari ("Business Square"), after the city square of Milan where its headquarters (the Palazzo Mezzanotte building) is located.
The Borsa di commercio di Milano (Milan Stock Exchange) was established by Eugène de Beauharnais, viceroy of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy, through decrees dated 16 January and 6 February 1808. It operated under public ownership until 1998.
It was sold to a consortium of banks, and operated under a joint-stock holding company between 2 January 1998 and on 1 October 2007, when it was merged with the London Stock Exchange in an all-share takeover.
Borsa Italiana has managing responsibility for Italy's derivatives markets (IDEM and MIF) and its fixed income market (MOT). On the MOT (Electronic Government Bond and Securities Market), buy and sell contracts are traded on government securities and nonconvertible bonds; the EuroMOT is the Euro-Bond Electronic Market that trades Eurobonds, bonds from foreign issuers and asset-backed securities.
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Brazil
Brazili/brəˈzɪl/ (Portuguese: Brasil, IPA: [bɾaˈziw]), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: República Federativa do Brasil, listen (help·info)), is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people. It is the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas and the largest lusophone country in the world.
Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of 7,491 km (4,655 mi). It is bordered on the north by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and the French overseas region of French Guiana; on the northwest by Colombia; on the west by Bolivia and Peru; on the southwest by Argentina and Paraguay and on the south by Uruguay. Numerous archipelagos form part of Brazilian territory, such as Fernando de Noronha, Rocas Atoll, Saint Peter and Paul Rocks, and Trindade and Martim Vaz. It borders all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile.
Brazil was a colony of Portugal from the landing of Pedro Álvares Cabral in 1500 until 1815, when it was elevated to the rank of kingdom and the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves was formed. The colonial bond was in fact broken in 1808, when the capital of the Portuguese colonial empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro, after Napoleon invaded Portugal.Independence was achieved in 1822 with the formation of the Empire of Brazil, a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system. The country became a presidential republic in 1889, when a military coup d'état proclaimed the Republic, although the bicameral legislature, now called Congress, dates back to the ratification of the first constitution in 1824. Its current Constitution, formulated in 1988, defines Brazil as a Federal Republic. The Federation is formed by the union of the Federal District, the 26 States, and the 5,564 Municipalities.
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Canada
Canada ( /ˈkænədə/) is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean. Spanning over 9,900,000 km2 (3,800,000 sq mi), Canada is the world's second-largest country by total area, and its common border with the United States is the longest land border in the world.
The land that is now Canada has been inhabited for millennia by various Aboriginal peoples. Beginning in the late 15th century, British and French colonial expeditions explored, and later settled, along the region's Atlantic coast. France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy; the Canada Act 1982 severed the vestiges of legal dependence on Britain.
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Chile
Chile (i/ˈtʃɪliː/ or /ˈtʃɪleɪ/), officially the Republic of Chile (Spanish: República de Chile [reˈpuβlika ðe ˈtʃile] (
listen)), is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south. Along with Ecuador, it is one of two countries in South America that do not border Brazil. Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández, Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas and Easter Island. Chile also claims about 1,250,000 square kilometres (480,000 sq mi) of Antarctica, although all claims are suspended under the Antarctic Treaty.
Chile's distinctive shape—4,300 kilometres (2,700 mi) long and on average 175 kilometres (109 mi) wide—makes it the longest country in the world, north to south, with the fifth lengthiest coastline at over 78 thousand kilometers. The diverse climate of Chile ranges from the world's driest desert in the north—the Atacama—through a Mediterranean climate in the centre, humid subtropical in Easter Island, to an Oceanic climate, including alpine tundra and glaciers in the east and south. The northern desert contains great mineral wealth, principally copper. The relatively small central area dominates in terms of population and agricultural resources, and is the cultural and political center from which Chile expanded in the late 19th century when it incorporated its northern and southern regions. Southern Chile is rich in forests and grazing lands, and features a string of volcanoes and lakes. The southern coast is a labyrinth of fjords, inlets, canals, twisting peninsulas, and islands.
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Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna (German: Wiener Kongress) was a conference of ambassadors of European states chaired by Austrian statesman Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, and held in Vienna from September, 1814 to June, 1815. The objective of the Congress was to settle the many issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars, and the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire.
This objective resulted in the redrawing of the continent's political map, establishing the boundaries of France, the Duchy of Warsaw, the Netherlands, the states of the Rhine, the German province of Saxony, and various Italian territories, and the creation of spheres of influence through which Austria, Britain, France and Russia brokered local and regional problems. The Congress of Vienna was the first of a series of international meetings that came to be known as the Concert of Europe, which was an attempt to forge a peaceful balance of power in Europe, and served as a model for later organizations such as the League of Nations and United Nations.
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Constantinople
Constantinople (Greek: Κωνσταντινούπολις, Konstantinoúpolis; Latin: Constantinopolis; Ottoman Turkish: قسطنطینیه, Qostantiniyye; and modern Turkish: İstanbul) was the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire, the Latin and the Ottoman Empires. It was founded in AD 330, at ancient Byzantium as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine I, after whom it was named. The city was the largest and wealthiest European city of the Middle Ages, and shared the glories of the Byzantine Empire, which was eventually reduced to the city and its environs.
Although besieged on numerous occasions by various peoples, it was taken only in 1204 by the army of the Fourth Crusade, in 1261 by Michael VIII, and in 1453 by the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II. An inner wall was erected by Constantine I, and the city was surrounded by a triple wall of fortifications, begun during the 5th century by Theodosius II. The city was built on seven hills as well as on the Bosporus, and thus presented an impregnable fortress enclosing magnificent palaces, domes and towers. The Church of Hagia Sophia, the sacred palace of the emperors, the hippodrome, and the Golden Gate were among the largest of the many churches, public edifices, and monuments lining the arcaded avenues and squares.
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Corsica
Corsica ( /ˈkɔːrsɪkə/; French: Corse, IPA: [kɔʁs]; Corsican: Corsica; Italian: Corsica, IPA: [ˈkɔrsika]) is a French island in the Mediterranean Sea. It is located west of Italy, southeast of the French mainland, and north of the Italian island of Sardinia. Mountains comprise two-thirds of the island, forming a single chain.
Corsica is one of the 27 régions of France, although strictly speaking Corsica is designated as a territorial collectivity (collectivité territoriale) by law. As a territorial collectivity, it enjoys greater powers than other French régions, but for the most part its status is quite similar. Corsica is referred to as a "région" in common speech, and is almost always listed among the other régions of France.
Although the island is separated from the continental mainland by the Ligurian Sea and is closer to Italy than to the French mainland, politically Corsica is part of Metropolitan France. It was once briefly an independent Corsican Republic, until being incorporated into France in 1769. Its culture has French and Italian elements blended into it.
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Croatia
Croatia (i/kroʊˈeɪʃə/ kroh-AY-shə; Croatian: Hrvatska pronounced [xř̩ʋaːtskaː]), officially the Republic of Croatia (Croatian: Republika Hrvatska listen (help·info)), is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of Central Europe, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers 56,594 square kilometres (21,851 square miles) and has diverse, mostly continental and Mediterranean climates. Croatia's Adriatic Sea coast contains more than a thousand islands. The country's population is 4.29 million, most of whom are Croats, with the most common religious denomination being Roman Catholicism.
In the early 7th century the Croats arrived in area of present-day Croatia. They organised the state into two dukedoms by the 9th century. Tomislav became the first king by 925 AD, elevating Croatia to the status of a kingdom. The Kingdom of Croatia retained its sovereignty for nearly two centuries, reaching its peak during the rule of Kings Peter Krešimir IV and Dmitar Zvonimir. Croatia entered a personal union with Hungary in 1102. In 1527, faced with Ottoman conquest the Croatian Parliament elected Ferdinand I of the House of Habsburg to the Croatian throne. In 1918, after World War I, Croatia was included in the short-lived State of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs that declared independence from Austria–Hungary and co-founded the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. A Croatian state briefly existed during World War II as a fascist puppet state. After the war, Croatia became a founding member and a federal constituent of the Second Yugoslavia, a socialist state. In June 1991, Croatia declared independence, which came into effect on 8 October of the same year. The Croatian War of Independence was fought successfully during the four years following the declaration.
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Dalmatia
Dalmatia (Croatian: Dalmacija, Croatian pronunciation: [dǎlmaːt͡sija]; see names in other languages) is a historical region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, in Croatia. It stretches from the island of Rab in the northwest to the Bay of Kotor in the southeast. The hinterland, the Dalmatian Zagora, ranges from fifty kilometers in width in the north to just a few kilometers in the south. The Dalmatian dog received its name from Dalmatia, as does the dalmatic, a Roman Catholic liturgical vestment worn by deacons and bishops.
The name Dalmatia derives from the name of the tribe of the Dalmatae, which is connected with the Illyrian word delme, dele in modern Albanian, meaning "sheep" in English.
In antiquity the Roman province of Dalmatia was much larger than the present-day Dalmatia County of Croatia, stretching from Istria in the north to historical Albania in the south. Dalmatia signified not only a geographical unit, but was an entity based on common culture and settlement types, a common narrow eastern Adriatic coastal belt, Mediterranean climate, sclerophyllous vegetation of the Illyrian province, Adriatic carbonate platform, and karst geomorphology.
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Ecuador
Ecuador (i/ˈɛkwədɔr/ E-kwə-dawr), officially the Republic of Ecuador (Spanish: República del Ecuador [reˈpuβlika ðel ekwaˈðor], which literally translates to the "Republic of the Equator") is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, (along with Chile), that do not have a border with Brazil. The country also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) west of the mainland.
The main spoken language in Ecuador is Spanish. Ecuador straddles the equator, from which it takes its name, and has an area of 275,830 km2 (106,500 sq mi). Its capital city is Quito, which was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in the 1970s for having the best preserved and least altered historic center in Latin America. The country's largest city is Guayaquil. The historic center of Cuenca, the third largest city in the country, was also declared a World Heritage Site in 1999, for being an outstanding example of a planned inland Spanish style colonial city in the Americas. Ecuador is also home—despite its size—to a great variety of species, many of them endemic, like those of the Galápagos islands. This species diversity makes Ecuador one of the 17 megadiverse countries in the world. The new constitution of 2008 is the first in the world to recognize legally enforceable Rights of Nature, or ecosystem rights.
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Florence
Florence (Italian: Firenze [fiˈrɛntse] ( listen), alternate obsolete form: Fiorenza; Latin: Florentia) is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany and of the province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany, with approximately 370,000 inhabitants, expanding to over 1.5 million in the metropolitan area.
Florence is famous for its history. A centre of medieval European trade and finance and one of the wealthiest cities of the time, Florence is considered the birthplace of the Renaissance, and has been called the Athens of the Middle Ages. A turbulent political history includes periods of rule by the powerful Medici family, and numerous religious and republican revolutions. From 1865 to 1870 the city was also the capital of the recently established Kingdom of Italy.
The historic centre of Florence attracts millions of tourists each year, and Euromonitor International ranked the city as the world's 72nd most visited in 2009, with 1,685,000 visitors. It was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1982. Due to Florence's artistic and architectural heritage, it has been ranked by Forbes as one of the most beautiful cities in the world, and the city is noted for its history, culture, Renaissance art and architecture and monuments. The city also contains numerous museums and art galleries, such as the Uffizi Gallery and the Pitti Palace, amongst others, and still exerts an influence in the fields of art, culture and politics.
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France
France (Englishi/ˈfræns/ FRANSS or /ˈfrɑːns/ FRAHNSS; French: [fʁɑ̃s] ( listen)), officially the French Republic (French: République française [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is often referred to as l’Hexagone ("The Hexagon") because of the geometric shape of its territory. It is the largest western European country and it possesses the second-largest exclusive economic zone in the world, covering 11,035,000 km2 (4,260,000 sq mi), just behind that of the United States (11,351,000 km2 / 4,383,000 sq mi).
Over the past 500 years, France has been a major power with strong cultural, economic, military and political influence in Europe and around the world. During the 17th and 18th centuries, France colonised great parts of North America and Southeast Asia; during the 19th and early 20th centuries, France built the second largest colonial empire of the time, including large portions of North, West and Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and many Caribbean and Pacific Islands.
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Genoa
Genoa
/ˈdʒɛnoʊ.ə/ (Italian: Genova [ˈdʒɛːnova] (
listen); Genoese and Ligurian Zena [ˈzeːna]; Latin and, archaically, English Genua) is the capital of Liguria and the sixth largest city in Italy, with a population of 608,676 within its administrative limits on a land area of 243.6 km2 (94 sq mi). The urban zone of Genoa extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 718,896. The urban area of Genoa has a population of 800,709. In the metropolitan area live between 859,000 and 1.4 million or 1.5 million people. Genoa is one of Europe's largest cities on the Mediterranean Sea and the largest seaport in Italy.
Genoa has been nicknamed la Superba ("the Superb one") due to its glorious past and impressive landmarks. Part of the old town of Genoa was inscribed on the World Heritage List (UNESCO) in 2006 (see below). The city's rich art, music, gastronomy, architecture and history, allowed it to become the 2004's European Capital of Culture. It is the birthplace of Christopher Columbus.
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Geography of Italy
Coordinates: 42°00′N 12°30′E / 42.0°N 12.5°E / 42.0; 12.5
Italy is located in southern Europe and comprises the long, boot-shaped Italian Peninsula, the land between the peninsula and the Alps, and a number of islands including Sicily and Sardinia. Corsica, although belonging to the Italian geographical region, has been a part of France since 1769.
Its total area is 301,230 km2 (116,310 sq mi), of which 294,020 km2 (113,520 sq mi) is land and 7,210 km2 is water (2,784 sq mi). It lies between latitudes 35° and 48° N, and longitudes 6° and 19° E.
Italy borders with Switzerland (740 km/460 mi), France (488 km/303 mi), Austria (430 km/270 mi) and Slovenia (232 km/144 mi). San Marino (39 km/24 mi) and Vatican city (0.44 km/0.27 mi) are enclaves.
Including islands, Italy has a coastline of 7,600 kilometres (4,700 mi) on the Adriatic, Ionian, Tyrrhenian and Ligurian Sea.
Almost 40% of the Italian territory is mountainous, with the Alps as the northern boundary and the Apennine Mountains forming the backbone of the peninsula and extending for 1,350 km (840 mi). In between the two lies a large plain in the valley of the Po, the largest river in Italy, which flows 652 km (405 mi) eastward from the Cottian Alps to the Adriatic. The Po Valley is the largest plain in Italy, with 46,000 km2 (18,000 sq mi), and it represents over 70% of the total plain area in the country.
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Germany
Germany (i/ˈdʒɜrməni/), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant] ( listen)), is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state and the largest economy in the European Union. It is one of the major political powers of the European continent and a technological leader in many fields.
A region named Germania, inhabited by several Germanic peoples, was documented before AD 100. During the Migration Period, the Germanic tribes expanded southward, and established successor kingdoms throughout much of Europe. Beginning in the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th century, northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation while southern and western parts remained dominated by Roman Catholic denominations, with the two factions clashing in the Thirty Years' War, marking the beginning of the Catholic–Protestant divide that has characterized German society ever since. Occupied during the Napoleonic Wars, the rise of Pan-Germanism inside the German Confederation resulted in the unification of most of the German states into the German Empire in 1871 which was Prussian dominated. After the German Revolution of 1918–1919 and the subsequent military surrender in World War I, the Empire was replaced by the Weimar Republic in 1918, and partitioned in the Treaty of Versailles. Amidst the Great Depression, the Third Reich was proclaimed in 1933. The latter period was marked by Fascism and World War II. After 1945, Germany was divided by allied occupation, and evolved into two states, East Germany and West Germany. In 1990 Germany was reunified.
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Istria
Istria (Croatian, Slovene: Istra, Čakavian: Istrija, Jistra, Croatian pronunciation: [îstra]; Italian: Istria; Istriot: Eîstria; German: Istrien; Hungarian: Isztria), formerly Histria (Latin), is the largest peninsula in the Adriatic Sea. The peninsula is located at the head of the Adriatic between the Gulf of Trieste and the Bay of Kvarner. It is shared by three countries: Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy.
The geographical features of Istria include the Učka mountain ridge, which is the highest portion of the Ćićarija mountain range; the rivers Dragonja, Mirna, Pazinčica, and Raša; and the Lim bay and valley. Istria lies in three countries: Croatia, Slovenia and Italy. By far the largest portion (89%) lies in Croatia. "Croatian Istria" is divided into two counties, the larger being Istria County in western Croatia. Important towns in Istria County include Pula, Poreč, Rovinj, Pazin, Labin, Umag, Motovun, Buzet, and Buje. Smaller towns in Istria County include Višnjan, Roč, and Hum.
The northwestern part of Istria lies in Slovenia: it is known as Slovenian Istria, and includes the coastal municipalities of Piran, Izola and Koper, and the Karstic municipality of Hrpelje-Kozina. Northwards of Slovenian Istria, there is a tiny portion of the peninsula that lies in Italy. This smallest portion of Istria consists of the comunes of Muggia and San Dorligo della Valle.
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Italian Empire
The Italian Empire (Italian: Impero Italiano) was created after the Kingdom of Italy joined other European powers in establishing colonies overseas during the "scramble for Africa". Modern Italy as a unified state only existed from 1861. By this time France, Spain, Portugal, Britain, and the Netherlands, had already carved out large empires over several hundred years. One of the last remaining areas open to colonisation was on the African continent.
By the outbreak of World War I in 1914, Italy had annexed Eritrea and Somalia, and had wrested control of portions of the Ottoman Empire, including Libya, though it was defeated in its attempt to conquer Ethiopia. The Fascist government under Italian dictator Benito Mussolini which came to power in 1922 sought to increase the size of the empire further. Ethiopia was successfully taken, four decades after the previous failure, and Italy's European borders were expanded. An official "Italian Empire" was proclaimed on 9 May 1936 following the conquest of Ethiopia. Italy sided with Nazi Germany during World War II and initially enjoyed successes. However, Allied forces eventually captured Italian overseas colonies and by the time Italy itself was invaded in 1943, its empire had all but ceased to exist.
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Italian Peninsula
The Italian Peninsula or Apennine Peninsula, also Italy (Italian: Penisola italiana or Penisola appenninica) is one of the three large peninsulas of Southern Europe (the other two being the Iberian Peninsula and Balkan Peninsula), spanning 1,000 km (620 mi) from the Po Valley in the north to the central Mediterranean Sea in the south. The peninsula's shape gives it the nickname Lo Stivale (The Boot). Three smaller peninsulas contribute to this characteristic shape, namely Calabria, Salento and Gargano.
Since the reign of Roman Emperor Augustus (end of first century BCE), the northern border of the peninsula has been set on the Alps watershed, but geographically it coincides with a line extending from the Magra to the Rubicone rivers, north of the Tuscan-Emilian Apennines, which excludes the Po Valley and the southern slope of the Alps.
Nearly all of the peninsula is part of the state of the Italian Republic, apart from San Marino and the Vatican City. Additionally, Sicily, Elba, Malta (an independent state), and other smaller islands, as Palagruža (It. Pelagosa), belonging to Croatia, are usually considered as islands off the peninsula and in this sense geographically grouped along with it.
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Italy
Italyi/ˈɪtəli/ (Italian: Italia [iˈtaːlja]), officially the Italian Republic or the Republic of Italy (Italian: Repubblica italiana), is a unitary parliamentary republic in south-central Europe. To the north, it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south, it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia–the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea–and many other smaller islands. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. The territory of Italy covers some 301,338 km2 (116,347 sq mi) and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 60.6 million inhabitants, it is the fifth most populous country in Europe, and the 23rd most populous in the world.
Rome, the capital of Italy, was for centuries a political and religious centre of Western civilisation as the capital of the Roman Empire and site of the Holy See. After the decline of the Roman Empire, Italy endured numerous invasions by foreign peoples, from Germanic tribes such as the Lombards and Ostrogoths, to the Byzantines and later, the Normans, among others. Centuries later, Italy became the birthplace of Maritime republics and the Renaissance, an immensely fruitful intellectual movement that would prove to be integral in shaping the subsequent course of European thought.
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Kingdom of Sicily
The Kingdom of Sicily (Italian: Regno di Sicilia, Latin: Regnum Siciliae, Sicilian: Regnu di Sicilia) was a state that existed in the south of Italy from its founding by Roger II in 1130 until 1816. It was a successor state of the County of Sicily, which had been founded in 1071 during the Norman conquest of southern Italy. Until 1282 the Kingdom (sometimes called the regnum Apuliae et Siciliae) covered not only the island of Sicily, but also the whole Mezzogiorno region of southern Italy and the Maltese archipelago. The island was divided into three regions: Val di Mazara, Val Demone and Val di Noto.
In 1282 a revolt against the Angevin rule, known as the Sicilian Vespers, threw off Charles of Anjou's rule of the island of Sicily. The Angevins managed to maintain control in the mainland part of the kingdom, which became a separate entity also styled Kingdom of Sicily, although it is commonly referred to as the Kingdom of Naples, after its capital. The island became a separate kingdom as a kingdom of the Crown of Aragon. After 1302 the island kingdom was sometimes called the Kingdom of Trinacria. Often the kingship was vested in another monarch such as the King of Aragon, the King of Spain or the Holy Roman Emperor. In 1816 the island Kingdom of Sicily merged with the Kingdom of Naples to form the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. In 1861 its areas were united with the Kingdom of Italy.
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Luxembourg
Luxembourg (i/ˈlʌksəmbɜrɡ/ LUKS-əm-burg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (Luxembourgish: Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg, French: Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, German: Großherzogtum Luxemburg, Dutch: Groothertogdom Luxemburg), is a landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. It has two principal regions: the Oesling in the North as part of the Ardennes massif, and the Gutland ("good country") in the south. Luxembourg has a population of over half a million people in an area of approximately 2,586 square kilometres (998 sq mi). A representative democracy with a constitutional monarch, it is ruled by a grand duke. It is now the world's only remaining sovereign grand duchy. The country has a highly developed economy, with the world's highest GDP (nominal) per capita according to the IMF. Its historic and strategic importance dates back to its founding as a Roman era fortress site and Frankish count's castle site in the Early Middle Ages. It was an important bastion along the Spanish Road when Spain was the principal European power influencing the whole western hemisphere and beyond in the 16th–17th centuries.
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Mexico
Mexico (i/ˈmɛksɨkoʊ/; Spanish: México, IPA: [ˈmexiko] ( listen)), officially the United Mexican States (Spanish: Estados Unidos Mexicanos (help·info)), is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States of America; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost two million square kilometres (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the fifth largest country in the Americas by total area and the thirteenth largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of over 113 million, it is the eleventh most populous country and the most populous Spanish-speaking country. Mexico is a federation comprising thirty-one states and a Federal District, the capital city.
In Pre-Columbian Mexico many cultures matured into advanced civilizations such as the Olmec, the Toltec, the Teotihuacan, the Zapotec, the Maya and the Aztec before the first contact with Europeans. In 1521, Spain conquered and colonized the territory from its base in México-Tenochtitlan, which was administered as the Viceroyalty of New Spain. This territory would eventually become Mexico as the colony's independence was recognized in 1821. The post-independence period was characterized by economic instability, the Mexican-American War and territorial cession to the United States, a civil war, two empires and a domestic dictatorship. The latter led to the Mexican Revolution in 1910, which culminated with the promulgation of the 1917 Constitution and the emergence of the country's current political system. Elections held in July 2000 marked the first time that an opposition party won the presidency from the Institutional Revolutionary Party.
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Monaco
Monacoi/ˈmɒnəkoʊ/, officially the Principality of Monaco (French: Principauté de Monaco; Monégasque: Principatu de Múnegu; Italian: Principato di Monaco; Occitan: Principat de Mónegue), is a sovereign city state, located on the French Riviera in Western Europe. Bordered by France on three sides, with one side bordering the Mediterranean Sea, its center is about 16 km (9.9 mi) from Italy, and is only 15 km (9.3 mi) north east of Nice, France. It has an area of 1.98 km2 (0.76 sq mi), and a population of 35,986, making Monaco the second smallest and the most densely populated country in the world. Monaco has a land border of only 4.4 km (2.7 mi), a coastline of 4.1 km (2.5 mi), and a width that varies between 1.7 km (1.1 mi) and 349 metres (382 yards). The highest point in the country is a narrow pathway named Chemin des Révoires on the slopes of Mont Agel, in the Les Révoires district, which is 161 metres (528 feet) above sea level. Monaco's most populated Quartier is Monte Carlo, and the most populated Ward is Larvotto/Bas Moulins. After a recent expansion of Port Hercules, Monaco's total area is 2.05 km2 (0.79 sq mi), with new plans to extend the district of Fontvieille, with land reclaimed from the Mediterranean Sea.
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Papal States
The Papal State(s), the State(s) of the Church, the Pontifical States, the Ecclesiastical States, or the Roman States (Italian: Stato Pontificio, also Stato della Chiesa, Stati della Chiesa, Stati Pontifici, and Stato Ecclesiastico; Latin: Status Pontificius, also Dicio Pontificia) were among the major historical states of Italy from roughly the 6th century until the Italian peninsula was unified in 1861 by the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia (after which the Papal States, in less territorially extensive form, continued to exist until 1870).
The Papal States comprised territories under direct sovereign rule of the papacy, and at its height it covered most of the modern Italian regions of Romagna, Marche, Umbria and Lazio. This governing power is commonly called the temporal power of the Pope, as opposed to his ecclesiastical primacy.
The plural Papal States is usually preferred; the singular Papal State (equally correct since it was not a mere personal union) tends to be used (normally with lower-case letters) for the modern State of Vatican City, an enclave within Italy's national capital, Rome. The Vatican City was founded in 1929, again allowing the Holy See the political benefits of territorial sovereignty.
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Paraguay
Paraguay (i/ˈpɛərəɡwaɪ/, PAIR-ə-gwy), officially the Republic of Paraguay (Spanish: República del Paraguay [reˈpuβlika ðel paɾaˈɣwai], Guaraní: Tetã Paraguái [teˈtã paɾaˈɣwaj]), is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the country from north to south. Due to its central location in South America, it is sometimes referred to as Corazón de América, or the Heart of America.
The Guaraní have been living in Paraguay since before the arrival of Europeans in the 16th century, when Paraguay became part of the Spanish colonial empire. Following independence from Spain in 1811, Paraguay was ruled by a series of dictators who followed isolationist and protectionist policies. This development was truncated by the disastrous Paraguayan War (1864–1870) in which the country lost 60% to 70% of its population and large amounts of territory. During a large part of the 20th century, Paraguay was ruled by Alfredo Stroessner, who led one of South America's longest lived military dictatorships. In 1989 Stroessner was toppled and free elections were celebrated in 1993. In 1994 Paraguay joined Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay to found Mercosur.
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Peru
Perui/pəˈruː/ (Spanish: Perú; Quechua: Perú;Aymara: Piruw), officially the Republic of Peru (Spanish: República del Perú, pronounced: [reˈpuβlika ðel peˈɾu] ( listen)), is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean.
Peruvian territory was home to ancient cultures, spanning from the Norte Chico civilization, one of the oldest in the world, to the Inca Empire, the largest state in Pre-Columbian America. The Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century and established a Viceroyalty, which included most of its South American colonies. After achieving independence in 1821, Peru has undergone periods of political unrest and fiscal crisis as well as periods of stability and economic upswing.
Peru is a representative democratic republic divided into 25 regions. Its geography varies from the arid plains of the Pacific coast to the peaks of the Andes Mountains and the tropical forests of the Amazon Basin. It is a developing country with a high Human Development Index score and a poverty level around 31%. Its main economic activities include agriculture, fishing, mining, and manufacturing of products such as textiles.
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Rijeka
Rijeka (Croatian: Rijeka, Croatian pronunciation: [rijɛ̌ːka]; Italian: Fiume) is the principal seaport and the third largest city in Croatia (after Zagreb and Split). It is located on Kvarner Bay, an inlet of the Adriatic Sea and has a population of 128,735 inhabitants (2011). The conurbation, which includes adjacent towns and municipalities of Opatija, Lovran, Mošćenička Draga, Matulji, Kastav, Viškovo, Klana, Kostrena, Čavle, Jelenje, Bakar, and Kraljevica has a population of 213,842 (2011).
Historically, because of its strategic position and its excellent deep-water Port of Rijeka, the city was fiercely contested, especially between Italy, Hungary, and Croatia, changing hands and demographics many times over centuries. According to the 2001 census data, the overwhelming majority of its citizens (80.39%) are Croats, with Serbs coming in second (6.21%). The Croatian, Slovene and Italian version of the city's name mean river in each of the languages.
Rijeka is the center of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County in Croatia. The city's economy largely depends on shipbuilding (shipyards "3. Maj" and "Viktor Lenac") and maritime transport. Rijeka hosts the Croatian National Theatre "Ivan pl. Zajc", first built in 1765, as well as the University of Rijeka, founded in 1973 but with roots dating back to 1632.
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Roman Kingdom
The Roman Kingdom (Latin: REGNVM ROMANVM) was the period of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a monarchical form of government of the city of Rome and its territories.
Little is certain about the history of the Roman Kingdom, as nearly no written records from that time survive, and the histories about it were written during the Republic and Empire and are largely based on legend. However, the history of the Roman Kingdom began with the city's founding, traditionally dated to 753 BC with settlements around the Palatine Hill along the river Tiber in Central Italy, and ended with the overthrow of the kings and the establishment of the Republic in about 509 BC.
The site of the founding of the Roman Kingdom and eventual Republic and Empire had a ford where the Tiber could be crossed. The Palatine Hill and hills surrounding it presented easily defensible positions in the wide fertile plain surrounding them. All of these features contributed to the success of the city.
The traditional account of Roman history, which has come down to us through Livy, Plutarch, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, and others, is that in Rome's first centuries it was ruled by a succession of seven kings. The traditional chronology, as codified by Varro, allots 243 years for their reigns, an average of almost 35 years, which, since the work of Barthold Georg Niebuhr, has been generally discounted by modern scholarship. The Gauls destroyed much of Rome's historical records when they sacked the city after the Battle of the Allia in 390 BC (Varronian, according to Polybius the battle occurred in 387/6) and what was left was eventually lost to time or theft. With no contemporary records of the kingdom existing, all accounts of the kings must be carefully questioned.
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Romania
Romania (i/roʊˈmeɪniə/ roh-MAY-nee-ə; dated: Roumania; or Rumania;Romanian: România [romɨˈni.a] ( listen)) is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea. Romania shares a border with Hungary and Serbia to the west, Ukraine and Moldova to the northeast and east, and Bulgaria to the south.
At 238,400 square kilometers (92,000 sq mi), Romania is the ninth largest country of the European Union by area, and has the seventh largest population of the European Union with over 19 million people. Its capital and largest city is Bucharest, the tenth largest city in the EU with about two million people.
The Kingdom of Romania emerged when the principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia were united under Prince Alexander Ioan Cuza in 1859. Independence from the Ottoman Empire was declared on 9 May 1877, and was internationally recognized the following year. At the end of World War I, Transylvania, Bukovina and Bessarabia united with the Kingdom of Romania. Greater Romania emerged into an era of progression and prosperity that would continue until World War II. By the end of the War, many north-eastern areas of Romania's territories were occupied by the Soviet Union, and Romania forcibly became a socialist republic and a member of the Warsaw Pact.
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Rome
Rome (/ˈroʊm/; Italian: Roma pronounced [ˈroːma] ( listen); Latin: Rōma) is a city and special comune ("Roma Capitale") in Italy. Rome is the capital of Italy and the capital of Lazio (Latin: Latium). With 2.8 million residents in 1,285.3 km2 (496.3 sq mi), it is also the country's largest and most populated comune and fourth-most populous city in the European Union by population within city limits. Between 3.2 and 3.7 million people live in the Rome metropolitan area. The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.
Rome's history spans two and a half thousand years. It was the capital city of the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, which was the dominant power in Western Europe and the lands bordering the Mediterranean for over seven hundred years from the 1st century BC until the 7th century AD and the city is regarded as one of the birthplaces of western civilization. Since the 1st century AD Rome has been the seat of the Papacy and, after the end of Byzantine domination, in the 8th century it became the capital of the Papal States, which lasted until 1870. In 1871 Rome became the capital of the Kingdom of Italy, and in 1946 that of the Italian Republic.
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San Marino
San Marino, officially the Republic of San Marino (i/sæn məˈriːnoʊ/ san-mə-REE-noh; Italian: Repubblica di San Marino) and also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino (Italian: Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino), is a state situated on the Italian Peninsula on the eastern side of the Apennine Mountains. It is an enclave surrounded by Italy. Its size is just over 61 km2 (24 sq mi) with an estimated population of over 30,000. Its capital is the City of San Marino. San Marino has the smallest population of all the members of the Council of Europe.
San Marino is the oldest surviving sovereign state and constitutional republic in the world, as the continuation of the monastic community founded on 3 September 301, by stonecutter Marinus of Rab. Legend has it that Marinus left Rab, then the Roman colony of Arba, in 257 when the future emperor, Diocletian, issued a decree calling for the reconstruction of the city walls of Rimini, which had been destroyed by Liburnian pirates.
The constitution of San Marino, enacted in 1600, is the world's oldest constitution still in effect. The country's economy mainly relies on finance, industry, services and tourism. It is one of the wealthiest countries in the world in terms of GDP (per capita), with a figure comparable to some of the more developed Italian regions, such as Lombardy and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol. San Marino is considered to have a highly stable economy, with one of the lowest unemployment rates in Europe, no national debt and a budget surplus.
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Savoy
Savoy (/ˈsævɔɪ/; Arpitan: Savouè, IPA: [saˈvwɛ]; French: Savoie, IPA: [savwa]; Italian: Savoia) is a region of France. It comprises roughly the territory of the Western Alps situated between Lake Geneva in the north and Dauphiné in the south.
The historical land of Savoy emerged as the feudal territory of the house of Savoy during the 11th to 14th centuries. The historical territory is shared between the modern republics of France and Italy.
Installed by Rudolph III, King of Burgundy, officially in 1003, the House of Savoy became the longest surviving royal house in Europe.[citation needed] It ruled the County of Savoy to 1416 and then the Duchy of Savoy from 1416 to 1714.
The territory of Savoy was annexed to France in 1792 under the French First Republic, before being returned to the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia in 1815. Savoy was finally annexed to France, under the Second French Empire in 1860, as part of a political agreement brokered between the French emperor Napoleon III and King Victor Emmanuel II of the Kingdom of Sardinia that began the process of unification of Italy. Victor Emmanuel's dynasty, the House of Savoy, retained its Italian lands of Piedmont and Liguria and became the ruling dynasty of Italy.
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Sicily
Sicily (Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia, [siˈtʃiːlja]; [sɪˈɕilja]) is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea; along with surrounding minor islands, it constitutes an autonomous region of Italy, the Regione Autonoma Siciliana (Sicilian Autonomous Region).
Sicily is located in the central Mediterranean. It extends from the tip of the Apennine peninsula from which it is separated only by the narrow Strait of Messina, towards the North African coast. Its most prominent landmark is Mount Etna, which is at 3,320 m (10,890 ft) the tallest active volcano in Europe and one of the most active in the world. The island has a typical Mediterranean climate.
The earliest archeological evidence of human dwelling on the island dates from 8000 BC. At around 750 BC, Sicily became a Greek colony and for the next 600 years it was the site of the Greek-Punic and Roman-Punic wars, which ended with the Roman destruction of Carthage. After the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, Sicily often changed hands, and during the early Middle Ages it was ruled in turn by the Vandals, Ostrogoths, Byzantines, Arabs and Normans. Later on, the Kingdom of Sicily lasted between 1130 and 1816, subordinated to the crowns of Aragon, Spain, the Holy Roman Empire, and finally the Bourbons, as the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. It was united with the rest of Italy in 1860, but a subsequent economic collapse led to a wave of emigration, separatism, and the emergence of the Mafia, whose criminal activities pose problems to this day. After the birth of the Italian Republic in 1946, Sicily was given special status as an autonomous region.
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South Africa
Coordinates: 30°S 25°E / 30°S 25°E / -30; 25
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa, is a country located at the southern tip of Africa. It is divided into nine provinces and has 2,798 kilometres (1,739 mi) of coastline. To the north of the country lie the neighbouring territories of Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe; to the east are Mozambique and Swaziland; while Lesotho is an enclave surrounded by South African territory.
South Africa is multi-ethnic and has diverse cultures and languages. Eleven official languages are recognised in the constitution. Two of these languages are of European origin: South African English and Afrikaans, a language which originated mainly from Dutch that is spoken by the majority of white and Coloured South Africans. Though English is commonly used in public and commercial life, it is only the fifth most-spoken home language. All ethnic and language groups have political representation in the country's constitutional democracy comprising a parliamentary republic; unlike most parliamentary republics, the positions of head of state and head of government are merged in a parliament-dependent President.
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Spain
Spain (i/ˈspeɪn/ SPAYN; Spanish: España, pronounced: [esˈpaɲa] ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de España), is a sovereign state and a member of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar; to the north and north east by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.
Spanish territory also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the African coast, and two autonomous cities in North Africa, Ceuta and Melilla, that border Morocco. Furthermore, the town of Llívia is a Spanish exclave situated inside French territory. With an area of 504,030 square kilometres (194,610 sq mi), it is the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union after France, and the fourth largest country in Europe after Russia, Ukraine and France.
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Switzerland
Switzerland (German: die Schweiz[ˈʃvaɪts]; French: Suisse [sɥis(ə)]; Italian: Svizzera [ˈzvit͡sːɛra]; Romansh: Svizra [ˈʒviːtsrɐ] or [ˈʒviːtsʁːɐ]), in its full name the Swiss Confederation (Latin: Confoederatio Helvetica, hence its abbreviation CH), is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in western Europe, where it is bordered by Germany to the north, France to the west, Italy to the south, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east.
Switzerland is a landlocked country geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura, spanning an area of 41,285 km2 (15,940 sq mi). While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the Swiss population of approximately 8 million people is concentrated mostly on the Plateau, where the largest cities are to be found. Among them are the two global cities and economic centres of Zurich and Geneva.
The Swiss Confederation has a long history of armed neutrality—it has not been in a state of war internationally since 1815—and did not join the United Nations until 2002. It pursues, however, an active foreign policy and is frequently involved in peace-building processes around the world. Switzerland is also the birthplace of the Red Cross and home to a large number of international organizations, including the second largest UN office. On the European level, it is a founding member of the European Free Trade Association and is part of the Schengen Area – although it is notably not a member of the European Union, nor the European Economic Area.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the north-western coast of continental Europe. The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea.
The United Kingdom is a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system, with its seat of government in the capital city of London. It is a country in its own right and consists of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. There are three devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in Belfast, Edinburgh and Cardiff, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Associated with the UK, but not constitutionally part of it, are three Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom has fourteen overseas territories. These are remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in 1922, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface and was the largest empire in history. British influence can still be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former territories.
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United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km2) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.
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Uruguay
Uruguayi/ˈjʊərəɡwaɪ/, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, sometimes the Eastern Republic of Uruguay; (Spanish: República Oriental del Uruguay pronounced: [re̞ˈpuβ̞lika o̞ɾje̞n̪ˈt̪al̪ d̪e̞l uɾuˈɰwai̯]) is a country in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to 3.3 million people, of whom 1.8 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area. An estimated 88% of the population are of European ancestry.
Except for the recent union of Timoteo Domínguez Island and Argentina's Martín García Island, Uruguay's only land border is with Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, to the north. To the west lies the Uruguay River and the estuary of the Río de la Plata to the southwest. To the southeast lies the southern part of the Atlantic Ocean. With an area of approximately 176,000 square kilometres (68,000 sq mi), Uruguay is the second-smallest nation in South America by area, after Suriname.
Colonia del Sacramento, one of the oldest European settlements in the country, was founded by the Portuguese in 1680. Montevideo was founded by the Spanish in the early 18th century as a military stronghold. Uruguay won its independence in 1811–28 following a three-way struggle between the claims of Spain, Argentina and Brazil. It is a constitutional democracy, with a president who is both the head of state and the head of government.
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Venezuela
Venezuela (i/ˌvɛnɨˈzweɪlə/ VEN-ə-ZWAY-lə), officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish: República Bolivariana de Venezuela [repuˈβlika βoliβaˈɾjana ðe βeneˈswela]), is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south. Its northern coastline of roughly 2,800 kilometres (1,700 mi) includes numerous islands in the Caribbean Sea, and in the north east borders the northern Atlantic Ocean. Caribbean islands such as Trinidad and Tobago, Grenada, Curaçao, Bonaire, Aruba and the Leeward Antilles lie near the Venezuelan coast. Venezuela's territory covers around 916,445 square kilometres (353,841 sq mi) with an estimated population of 29,105,632. Venezuela is considered a state with extremely high biodiversity, with habitats ranging from the Andes mountains in the west to the Amazon Basin rainforest in the south, via extensive llanos plains and Caribbean coast in the center and the Orinoco River Delta in the east.
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Venice
Venice (Italian: Venezia [veˈnɛttsja] ( listen), Venetian: Venexia [veˈnɛsja]; (Latin: Venetia) is a city in northeast Italy sited on a group of 118 small islands separated by canals and linked by bridges. It is located in the marshy Venetian Lagoon which stretches along the shoreline between the mouths of the Po and the Piave Rivers. Venice is renowned for the beauty of its setting, its architecture and its artworks. The city in its entirety is listed as World Heritage Site, along with its lagoon.
Venice is the capital of the Veneto region. In 2009, there were 270,098 people residing in Venice's comune (the population estimate of 272,000 inhabitants includes the population of the whole Comune of Venezia; around 60,000 in the historic city of Venice (Centro storico); 176,000 in Terraferma (the Mainland), mostly in the large frazioni of Mestre and Marghera; 31,000 live on other islands in the lagoon). Together with Padua and Treviso, the city is included in the Padua-Treviso-Venice Metropolitan Area (PATREVE) (population 1,600,000).
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Zadar
Zadar (see historical names) is a city in Croatia on the Adriatic Sea. It is the centre of Zadar county and the wider northern Dalmatian region. Zadar is a historical center of Dalmatia as well as the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zadar.
In antiquity, Iadera and Iader, the much older roots of the settlement's names were hidden, the names being most probably related to a hydrographical term. It was coined by an ancient Mediterranean people and their Pre-Indo-European language. They transmitted it to later settlers, the Liburnians. The name of the Liburnian settlement was first mentioned by a Greek inscription from Pharos (Stari grad) on the island of Hvar in 384 BC, where the citizens of Zadar were noted as Ίαδασινοί (Iadasinoi). According to the Greek source Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax the city was Ίδασσα (Idassa), probably a vulgar Greek form of the original Liburnian name.
During Antiquity the name was often recorded in sources in Latin in two forms: Iader in the inscriptions and in the writings of classic writers, Iadera predominantly among the late Antiquity writers, while usual ethnonyms were Iadestines and Iadertines. The accent was on the first syllable in both Iader and Iadera forms, which influenced the early-Medieval Dalmatian language forms Jadra, Jadera and Jadertina, where the accent kept its original place.
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Alessandro Del Piero
Alessandro Del Piero (Italian pronunciation: [alesˈsandro del ˈpjɛːro]) Ufficiale OMRI (born 9 November 1974 in Conegliano, Veneto) is an Italian World Cup-winning footballer who plays for Juventus. He will be a free agent from 30 June 2012. Del Piero was named in the FIFA 100, a list of the 125 greatest living footballers selected by Pelé as a part of FIFA's centenary celebrations. Del Piero was also voted in the list of best European players for the past 50 years in the UEFA Golden Jubilee Poll. In the year 2000, Del Piero was the world's best-paid football player from salary, bonuses, and advertising revenue.
Along with three awards in Italy for gentlemanly conduct he has also won the Golden Foot award, which pertains to personality and playing ability.http://www.channel4. May com/sport/football_italia/sep3q.html Del Piero usually plays as a supporting-striker and occasionally between the midfield and the strikers, known in Italy as the "trequartista" position. Del Piero's playing style is regarded by critics as creative in attacking, assisting many goals as well as scoring himself, as opposed to just "goal poaching." His free-kick and penalty taking is also highly regarded. Del Piero has become famous over the years for scoring from a special "Del Piero Zone"("Gol alla Del Piero"), approaching from the left flank and curling a precise lob into the far top corner of the goal.
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Alessandro Volta
Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Gerolamo Umberto Volta (18 February 1745 – 5 March 1827) was an Italianphysicist known especially for the invention of the battery in the 1800s.
Volta was born in Como, Italy on 18 February 1745. In 1774, he became a physics professor at the Royal School in Como. A year later, he improved and popularized the electrophorus, a device that produced a static charge. His promotion of it was so extensive that he is often credited with its invention, even though a machine operating in the same principle was described in 1762 by Swedish professor Johan Wilcke.
In the years between 1776–78, Volta studied the chemistry of gases. He discovered methane after reading a paper by Benjamin Franklin on "flammable air" and carefully searched for it in Italy. In November, 1776, he found methane at Lake Maggiore, and by 1778 he managed to isolate methane. He devised experiments such as the ignition of methane by an electric spark in a closed vessel. Volta also studied what we now call electrical capacitance, developing separate means to study both electrical potential (V) and charge (Q), and discovering that for a given object, they are proportional. This may be called Volta's Law of capacitance, and likely for this work the unit of electrical potential has been named the volt.
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Amerigo Vespucci
Amerigo Vespucci (Italian pronunciation: [ameˈriɡo vesˈputtʃi]) (March 9, 1454 – February 22, 1512) was an Italian explorer, financier, navigator and cartographer who first demonstrated that Brazil and the West Indies did not represent Asia's eastern outskirts, as initially conjectured from Columbus' voyages, but instead constituted an entirely separate landmass heretofore unknown to Afro-Eurasians. The newly recognized super continent would come to be known as "the Americas", which probably derived from the feminized Latin version of his first name.
Amerigo Vespucci was born and raised in Florence, Italy. He was the third son of Ser Nastagio (Anastasio), a Florentine notary, and Lisabetta Mini. Amerigo Vespucci was educated by his uncle, Fra Giorgio Antonio Vespucci, a Dominican friar of San Marco in Florence.
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Antonio Gramsci
Antonio Gramsci (Italian pronunciation: [anˈtɔːnjo ˈɡramʃi]) (January 22, 1891 – April 27, 1937) was an Italian writer, politician, political theorist, and linguist. He was a founding member and onetime leader of the Communist Party of Italy and was imprisoned by Benito Mussolini's Fascist regime.
Gramsci was one of the most important Marxist thinkers in the 20th century. His writings are heavily concerned with the analysis of culture and political leadership and he is notable as a highly original thinker within modern European thought. He is renowned for his concept of cultural hegemony as a means of maintaining the state in a capitalist society.
Gramsci was born in Ales, on the island of Sardinia. He was the fourth of seven sons of Francesco Gramsci (1860–1937), a low-level official from Gaeta, and his wife, Giuseppina Marcias (1861–1932). Gramsci's father was of Arbëreshë, Albanian descent, while his mother belonged to a local landowning family. The senior Gramsci's financial difficulties and troubles with the police forced the family to move about through several villages in Sardinia until they finally settled in Ghilarza.
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Antonio Meucci
Antonio Santi Giuseppe Meucci (Italian: [anˈtɔːnjo meˈuttʃi]; 1808–1889) was an Italian-American inventor and a friend of the revolutionary Giuseppe Garibaldi. He was best known for developing a voice communication apparatus which several sources credit as the first telephone.
Meucci set up a form of voice communication link in his Staten Island home that connected its second floor bedroom to his laboratory. He submitted a patent caveat for his telephonic device to the U.S. Patent Office in 1871, but there was no mention of electromagnetic transmission of vocal sound in his caveat. In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell was granted a patent for the electromagnetic transmission of vocal sound by undulatory electric current.
Meucci was born at Via dei Serragli 44 in the San Frediano borough of Florence,Grand Duchy of Tuscany, (now in the Italian Republic), on 13 April 1808, as the first of nine children to Amatis and Domenica Meucci. Amatis was an officer of the local police and his mother was principally a homemaker. Four of Meucci's siblings did not survive childhood.
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Augustus
Augustus ( /ɔːˈɡʌstəs/;Classical Latin: [awˈɡʊstʊs]; Latin: Imperator Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14) is considered the first emperor of the Roman Empire, which he ruled alone from 27 BC until his death in 14 AD. Born Gaius Octavius Thurinus, he was adopted posthumously by his great-uncle Gaius Julius Caesar in 44 BC via his last will and testament, and between then and 27 BC was officially named Gaius Julius Caesar. In 27 BC the Senate awarded him the honorific Augustus ("the revered one"), and thus consequently he was Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus.
The young Octavius came into his inheritance after Caesar's assassination in 44 BC. In 43 BC, Octavian joined forces with Mark Antony and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus in a military dictatorship known as the Second Triumvirate. As a triumvir, Octavian ruled Rome and many of its provinces. The triumvirate was eventually torn apart under the competing ambitions of its rulers: Lepidus was driven into exile, and Antony committed suicide following his defeat at the Battle of Actium by Octavian's fleet under the command of Agrippa in 31 BC.
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Barbarian
Barbarian and savage are terms used to refer to a person who is perceived to be uncivilized. The word is often used either in a general reference to a member of a nation or ethnos, typically a tribal society as seen by an urban civilization either viewed as inferior, or admired as a noble savage. In idiomatic or figurative usage, a "barbarian" may also be an individual reference to a brutal, cruel, warlike, insensitive person.
The term originates from the Greek civilization, meaning "anyone who is not Greek". In ancient times, Greeks used it for the people of the Persian Empire; in the early modern period and sometimes later, they used it for the Turks, in a clearly pejorative way. Comparable notions are found in non-European civilizations. In the Roman empire, barbarian was meant as "anyone not educated in Roman ways".
The Ancient Greek word βάρβαρος (barbaros), "barbarian", was an antonym for πολίτης (politis) "citizen," from polis "city-state." The sound of barbaros onomatopoetically evokes the image of babbling (a person speaking a non-Greek language). The earliest attested form of the word is the Mycenaean Greek pa-pa-ro, written in Linear B syllabic script.
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Benito Mussolini
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (Italian pronunciation: [beˈniːto musːoˈliːni]; 29 July 1883 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician who led the National Fascist Party, ruling the country from 1922 to his ousting in 1943, and is credited with being one of the key figures in the creation of fascism.
Originally a member of the Italian Socialist Party and editor of the Avanti! from 1912 to 1914, Mussolini fought in World War I as an ardent nationalist and created the Fasci di Combattimento in 1919, catalyzing his nationalist and socialist beliefs in the Fascist Manifesto, published in 1921. Following the March on Rome in October 1922 he became the 27th Prime Minister of Italy and began using the title Il Duce by 1925, about which time he had established dictatorial authority by both legal and extraordinary means, aspiring to create a totalitarian state. After 1936, his official title was Sua Eccellenza Benito Mussolini, Capo del Governo, Duce del Fascismo e Fondatore dell'Impero ("His Excellency Benito Mussolini, Head of Government, Duce of Fascism, and Founder of the Empire") Mussolini also created and held the supreme military rank of First Marshal of the Empire along with King Victor Emmanuel III, which gave him and the King joint supreme control over the military of Italy. Mussolini remained in power until he was replaced in 1943; for a short period after this until his death, he was the leader of the Italian Social Republic.
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Caravaggio
Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (Italian pronunciation: [karaˈvaddʒo]; 29 September 1571 – 18 July 1610) was an Italian artist active in Rome, Naples, Malta, and Sicily between 1593 and 1610. His paintings, which combine a realistic observation of the human state, both physical and emotional, with a dramatic use of lighting, had a formative influence on the Baroque school of painting.
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Carlo Goldoni
Carlo Osvaldo Goldoni (25 February 1707 – 6 February 1793) was an Italian playwright and librettist from the Republic of Venice. His works include some of Italy's most famous and best-loved plays. Audiences have admired the plays of Goldoni for their ingenious mix of wit and honesty. His plays offered his contemporaries images of themselves, often dramatizing the lives, values, and conflicts of the emerging middle classes. Though he wrote in French and Italian, his plays make rich use of the Venetian language, regional vernacular, and colloquialisms. Goldoni also wrote under the pen name and title "Polisseno Fegeio, Pastor Arcade," which he claimed in his memoirs the "Arcadians of Rome" bestowed on him.
There is an abundance of autobiographical information on Goldoni, most of which comes from the introductions to his plays and from his Memoirs. However, these memoirs are known to contain many errors of fact, especially about his earlier years.
In these memoirs, he paints himself as a born comedian, careless, light-hearted and with a happy temperament, proof against all strokes of fate, yet thoroughly respectable and honorable.
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Charlemagne
Charlemagne ( /ˈʃɑrlɨmeɪn/ or /ˈʃɑrləmeɪn/; French pronunciation: [ʃaʁ.lə.maɲ]; c. 742 – 28 January 814), also known as Charles the Great (Latin: Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus), was King of the Franks from 768 and Emperor of the Romans (Imperator Romanorum) from 800 to his death in 814. He expanded the Frankish kingdom into an empire that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe. During his reign, he conquered Italy and was crowned Imperator Augustus by Pope Leo III on 25 December 800 in Rome.
His rule is also associated with the Carolingian Renaissance, a revival of art, religion, and culture through the medium of the Catholic Church. Through his foreign conquests and internal reforms, Charlemagne helped define both Western Europe and the European Middle Ages. He is numbered as Charles I in the regnal lists of Germany, the Holy Roman Empire, and France.
The son of King Pepin the Short and Bertrada of Laon, a Frankish queen, he succeeded his father in 768 and was initially co-ruler with his brother Carloman I. It has often been suggested that the relationship between Charlemagne and Carloman was not good, but it has also been argued that tensions were exaggerated by Carolingian chroniclers.
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Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus (before 31 October 1451 – 20 May 1506) was an explorer, colonizer, and navigator, born in the Republic of Genoa, in what is today northwestern Italy. Under the auspices of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, he completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean that led to general European awareness of the American continents. Those voyages, and his efforts to establish permanent settlements in the island of Hispaniola, initiated the process of Spanish colonization, which foreshadowed the general European colonization of what became known as the "New World".
In the context of emerging western imperialism and economic competition between European kingdoms seeking wealth through the establishment of trade routes and colonies, Columbus's speculative proposal to reach the East Indies by sailing westward received the support of the Spanish crown, which saw in it a promise, however remote, of gaining the upper hand over rival powers in the contest for the lucrative spice trade with Asia. During his first voyage in 1492, instead of reaching Japan as he had intended, Columbus landed in the Bahamas archipelago, at a locale he named San Salvador. Over the course of three more voyages, Columbus visited the Greater and Lesser Antilles, as well as the Caribbean coast of Venezuela and Central America, claiming them for the Spanish Empire.
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Corsican people
Corsican people or Corsicans are the people from or with origins in Corsica, a mediterranean island and a territorial collectivity of France. That Corsican is in essence one of the regional French identities, reflecting his complex history.
Corsica is one of the few regions of France that retains its own language in everyday usage, spoken by 65% of the population. However since its takeover by France in the 18th century, French has dominated the media and commerce, and since 1960, 80% of the population is fluent in French (but only 35% of the population has French as its first language).[citation needed]
From the mountains to the plains and sea, many ingredients play a role. Game such as wild boar (Cignale, Singhjari) is popular, in old times mouflon (muvra) were consumed. There also is seafood and river fish such as trout. Delicatessen such as figatellu, coppa, ham (prizuttu), lonzu are made from Corsican pork (porcu nustrale). Cheeses like Brocciu, casgiu merzu, casgiu veghju are made from goat or sheep milk. Chestnuts are the main ingredient in the making of pulenta. A variety of alcohol also exists ranging from aquavita (brandy), red and white Corsican wines (Vinu Corsu), muscat (plain or sparkling), and the famous "cap corse" produced by Mattei.
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Croats
Croats (Croatian: Hrvati) are a South Slavic ethnic group mostly living in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and nearby countries. There are around 4 million Croats living inside Croatia and up to 4.5 million throughout the rest of the world. Responding to political, social and economic pressure, many Croats have migrated throughout the world, and established a notable Croatian diaspora. Large Croat communities exists in The United States, Chile, Argentina, Germany, Austria, Australia, Peru, Canada, Serbia, New Zealand and South Africa. Croats are noted for their culture, which has been influenced by a number of other neighbouring cultures through the ages. The strongest influences came from Central Europe and the Mediterranean where, at the same time, Croats have made their own contribution. The Croats are predominantly Catholic with minor groups of Protestants, Muslims, Orthodox, Jews and secular non religious atheists and agnostics. Their language is Croatian.
Croatia is the nation state of the Croats, while in the adjacent Bosnia and Herzegovina they are one of the three constituent peoples alongside Bosniaks and Serbs.
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Dalmatian Italians
Dalmatian Italians are a mostly historical Italian national minority in the region of Dalmatia, part of the Republics of Croatia and Montenegro.
After the 1840s the ethnic group, that was nearly 20% of all Dalmatian population, suffered from an apparently constant trend of decreasing presence and now numbers only around 1,000/4000people. Throughout history, however, this group (though small in numbers in the last two centuries) exerted a disproportionally significant influence on the region.
They are currently represented in Croatia and Montenegro by the Italian National Community (Italian: Comunita Nazionale Italiana) (CNI). The Italo-Croatian minorities treaty recognizes the Italian Union (Unione Italiana) as the political party officially representing the CNI in Croatia. The number of Dalmatian Italians in Croatia has fallen to 300, and the Italian Union concentrates on the Istrian region and the city of Rijeka (Fiume), which are home to the Istrian Italians who are the vast majority of the Italian minority in Croatia (numbering around 30,000 citizens). In Dalmatia the most important centers of the CNI are in Split (Spalato), Zadar (Zara), and Kotor (Cattaro).
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Dario Fo
Dario Fo (born 24 March 1926) is an Italian satirist, playwright, theatre director, actor, composer and recipient of the 1997 Nobel Prize in Literature. His dramatic work employs comedic methods of the ancient Italian commedia dell'arte, a theatrical style popular with the working classes.
Fo's works are characterised by criticisms of organised crime, political corruption, political murders, most of the Catholic Church doctrine and conflict in the Middle East. His plays often depend on improvisation, commedia dell'arte style. His plays, especially Mistero Buffo, have been translated into 30 languages and, when performed outside Italy, they are often modified to reflect local political and other issues. Fo encourages directors and translators to modify his plays as they see fit, as he finds this in accordance to the commedia dell'arte tradition of on-stage improvisation.
Fo currently owns and operates a theatre company with his wife, actress Franca Rame. Upon awarding him the 1997 Nobel Prize in Literature, the committee highlighted Fo as a writer "who emulates the jesters of the Middle Ages in scourging authority and upholding the dignity of the downtrodden".
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Federico Faggin
Federico Faggin (born December 1, 1941), is an Italian physicist and electrical engineer, mostly widely known for designing the first commercial microprocessor. He lead the 4004 (MCS-4) project and the design group during the first five years of Intel's microprocessor effort. He was founder and CEO of Zilog, the first company solely dedicated to microprocessors.
In 2010 he received the National Medal of Technology and Innovation, the highest honor the United States confers for achievements related to technological progress.
Born in Vicenza, Federico Faggin received a Laurea Degree in physics, summa cum laude, at the University of Padua, Italy.[citation needed] At age 19, after his graduation from technical high school A. Rossi (Vicenza), he took a job at Olivetti, in Italy, where he co-designed and led the implementation of a small computer. After obtaining his university degree he worked at SGS Fairchild in Italy, where he developed SGS's first MOS process technology and designed its first integrated circuits. In 1968 he moved to Palo Alto and worked at Fairchild Semiconductor, where he created the MOS Silicon Gate technology with self-aligned gate, the basis of all modern CMOS computer chips. At Fairchild he produced the world's first commercial integrated circuit using Silicon Gate Technology with self aligned MOS transistors: the Fairchild 3708.
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Fiorella Mannoia
Fiorella Mannoia (born April 4, 1954) is an Italian singer.
Fiorella Mannoia's father Luigi was an Italian film stuntman, and Fiorella, her brother Maurizio and sister Patrizia began work in this area as children. Fiorella Mannoia's first film role as stuntwoman was at the age of 13 in the film Non cantare, spara! ("Don't Sing, Shoot!") (1968). She often acted as a stand-in for Monica Vitti, e.g., in Amore mio aiutami ("Help Me, My Love"), and was also a stand-in for Candice Bergen in The Hunting Party. She debuted in the world of music at the Festival of Castrocaro in 1968, singing Un bambino sul leone (“A Child on the Lion”) by Adriano Celentano. Although she didn't win, she obtained a record contract with Carisch, with whom she recorded her first 45, Ho saputo che partivi ("I Knew You Were Leaving"), which had on the B-side Le ciliegie ("The Cherries"), written by the young guitarist Riccardo Zappa.
In the Spring of 1968, she participated in Un disco per l'estate ("A Record for Summer"), a Summer song festival broadcast on RAI, with the song Gente qua, gente là ("People Here, People There"), the music for which was written by Bruno De Filippi, while the lyrics were written by her producer, Alberto Testa. Her third 45 featured Mi piace quel ragazzo lì ("I Like That Boy Over There"), whose text is dedicated to Adriano Celentano, with Occhi negli occhi ("Eyes Into Eyes") on the B-side, reutilized from the previous record. These discs, while still being influenced by certain "beat" sounds, presented evidence of Mannoia's vocal qualities, although they did not sell well. The tracks are available on the collection I primi passi ("The First Steps")(1998), containing songs by Fiorella Mannoia and Carla Bissi, published by On Sale Music.
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French people
The French (French: Français) are a nation that share a common French culture and speak the French language as a mother tongue. Historically, the French population are descended from peoples of Celtic, Latin and Germanic origin, and are today a mixture of several ethnic groups. Within France, the French are defined by citizenship, regardless of ancestry or country of residence.
However, the word can also refer to people of French descent who are found in other countries, with significant French-speaking population groups or not, such as Argentina (French Argentines), Brazil (French Brazilians), French West Indies (the French Caribbean people), Canada (French Canadians) and the United States (French Americans), and some of them have a French cultural identity. The United Kingdom also has a large French population, mainly in England, and due to historic relations and immigration.
To be French, according to the first article of the Constitution, is to be a citizen of France, regardless of one's origin, race, or religion (sans distinction d'origine, de race ou de religion). According to its principles, France has devoted herself to the destiny of a proposition nation, a generic territory where people are bounded only by the French language and the assumed willingness to live together, as defined by Ernest Renan's "plébiscite de tous les jours" ("daily referendum" on the willingness to live together, in Renan's 1882 essay "Qu'est-ce qu'une nation?").
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Gaius Marius
Gaius Marius (157 BC – January 13, 86 BC) was a Roman general and statesman. He was elected consul an unprecedented seven times during his career. He was also noted for his dramatic reforms of Roman armies, authorizing recruitment of landless citizens, eliminating the manipular military formations, and reorganizing the structure of the legions into separate cohorts. Marius defeated the invading Germanic tribes (the Teutones, Ambrones, and the Cimbri), for which he was called "the third founder of Rome." His life and career were significant in Rome's transformation from Republic to Empire.
Marius was born in 157 BC in the town of Arpinum in southern Latium. The town had been conquered by the Romans in the late 4th century BC and was given Roman citizenship without voting rights. Only in 188 BC did the town receive full citizenship. Although Plutarch claims that Marius' father was a laborer, this is almost certainly false since Marius had connections with the nobility in Rome, he ran for local office in Arpinum, and he had marriage relations with the local nobility in Arpinum, which all combine to indicate that he was born into a locally important family of equestrian status. The problems he faced in his early career in Rome show the difficulties that faced a "new man" (novus homo).
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Galileo Galilei
Galileo Galilei (Italian pronunciation: [ɡaliˈlɛːo ɡaliˈlɛi]; 15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642), was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. His achievements include improvements to the telescope and consequent astronomical observations and support for Copernicanism. Galileo has been called the "father of modern observational astronomy", the "father of modern physics", the "father of science", and "the Father of Modern Science".
His contributions to observational astronomy include the telescopic confirmation of the phases of Venus, the discovery of the four largest satellites of Jupiter (named the Galilean moons in his honour), and the observation and analysis of sunspots. Galileo also worked in applied science and technology, inventing an improved military compass and other instruments.
Galileo's championing of heliocentrism was controversial within his lifetime, when most subscribed to either geocentrism or the Tychonic system. He met with opposition from astronomers, who doubted heliocentrism due to the absence of an observed stellar parallax. The matter was investigated by the Roman Inquisition in 1615, and they concluded that it could only be supported as a possibility, not as an established fact. Galileo later defended his views in Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, which appeared to attack Pope Urban VIII and thus alienated him and the Jesuits, who had both supported Galileo up until this point. He was tried by the Inquisition, found "vehemently suspect of heresy", forced to recant, and spent the rest of his life under house arrest. It was while Galileo was under house arrest that he wrote one of his finest works, Two New Sciences. Here he summarized the work he had done some forty years earlier, on the two sciences now called kinematics and strength of materials.
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Gian Lorenzo Bernini
Gian Lorenzo Bernini (also spelled Gianlorenzo or Giovanni Lorenzo) (Naples, 7 December 1598 – Rome, 28 November 1680) was an Italian artist who worked principally in Rome. He was the leading sculptor of his age and also a prominent architect. In addition he painted, wrote plays, and designed metalwork and stage sets.
A student of Classical sculpture, Bernini possessed the unique ability to capture, in marble, the essence of a narrative moment with a dramatic naturalistic realism which was almost shocking. This ensured that he effectively became the successor of Michelangelo, far outshining other sculptors of his generation, including his rival, Alessandro Algardi. His talent extended beyond the confines of his sculpture to consideration of the setting in which it would be situated; his ability to synthesise sculpture, painting and architecture into a coherent conceptual and visual whole has been termed by the art historian Irving Lavin the "unity of the visual arts." A deeply religious man, working in Counter Reformation Rome, Bernini used light as an important metaphorical device in the perception of his religious settings, often using hidden light sources that could intensify the focus of religious worship, or enhance the dramatic moment of a sculptural narrative.
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Giordano Bruno
Giordano Bruno (1548 – February 17, 1600), (Latin: Iordanus Brunus Nolanus) born Filippo Bruno, was an Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, mathematician and astronomer. His cosmological theories went beyond the Copernican model in proposing that the Sun was essentially a star, and moreover, that the universe contained an infinite number of inhabited worlds populated by other intelligent beings. He was burned at the stake by civil authorities in 1600 after the Roman Inquisition found him guilty of heresy for his pantheism and turned him over to the state, which at that time considered heresy illegal. After his death he gained considerable fame, particularly among 19th- and early 20th-century commentators who, focusing on his astronomical beliefs, regarded him as a martyr for free thought and modern scientific ideas.
Some assessments suggest that Bruno's ideas about the universe played a smaller role in his trial than his pantheist beliefs, which differed from the interpretations and scope of God held by the Catholic Church. In addition to his cosmological writings, Bruno also wrote extensively on the art of memory, a loosely organized group of mnemonic techniques and principles. The work of Frances Yates, especially influential in anglophone scholarship, argues that Bruno was deeply influenced by the astronomy found in Arab astrology, Neoplatonism and Renaissance Hermeticism. Other recent studies of Bruno have focused on his qualitative approach to mathematics and his application of the spatial paradigms of geometry to language.
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Giuseppe Garibaldi
Giuseppe Garibaldi Italian pronunciation: [dʒuˈzɛppe ɡariˈbaldi] (Joseph Marie Garibaldi at birth, 4 July 1807, Nice, French Empire – 2 June 1882, Caprera, Kingdom of Italy) was an Italian general, politician and patriot. He is considered, with Camillo Cavour, Victor Emmanuel II and Giuseppe Mazzini, as one of Italy's "fathers of the fatherland".
Garibaldi was a central figure in the Italian Risorgimento, since he personally commanded and fought in many military campaigns that led eventually to the formation of unified Italy. He generally tried to act on behalf of a legitimate power, which does not make him exactly a revolutionary: for example, he was appointed general by the provisional government of Milan in 1848, General of the Roman Republic in 1849 by the Minister of War, and led the Expedition of the Thousand on behalf and with the consent of Victor Emmanuel II.
He has been called the "Hero of Two Worlds" because of his military enterprises which he conducted in both South America and Europe. These earned him a considerable reputation both in Italy and abroad. This is also due to the exceptional international media coverage that he received at the time. Many of the greatest intellectuals of his time, such as Victor Hugo, Alexandre Dumas, and George Sand, showered him with their admiration. The United Kingdom and the United States helped him a great deal, offering him financial and military support in difficult circumstances.
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Giuseppe Mazzini
Giuseppe Mazzini (Italian pronunciation: [dʒuˈzɛppe matˈtsini]; 22 June 1805 – 10 March 1872), nicknamed The Beating Heart of Italy, was an Italian politician, journalist and activist for the unification of Italy. His efforts helped bring about the independent and unified Italy in place of the several separate states, many dominated by foreign powers, that existed until the 19th century. He also helped define the modern European movement for popular democracy in a republican state.[citation needed]
Mazzini was born in Genoa, then part of the Ligurian Republic, under the rule of the French Empire. His father, Giacomo, originally from Chiavari, was a university professor who had adhered to Jacobin ideology; his mother, Maria Drago, was renowned for her beauty and religious (Jansenist) fervour. Since a very early age, Mazzini showed good learning qualities (as well as a precocious interest towards politics and literature), and was admitted to the University at only 14, graduating in law in 1826, initially practicing as a "poor man's lawyer". He also hoped to become a historical novelist or a dramatist, and in the same year he wrote his first essay, Dell'amor patrio di Dante ("On Dante's Patriotic Love"), which was published in 1837. In 1828–29 he collaborated with a Genoese newspaper, L'indicatore genovese, which was however soon closed by the Piedmontese authorities. He then became one of the leading authors of L'Indicatore Livornese, published at Livorno by F.D. Guerrazzi, until this paper was closed down by the authorities, too.
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Grazia Deledda
Grazia Deledda (September 27, 1871 – August 15, 1936) was an Italian writer whose works won her the Nobel Prize for Literature for 1926.
Born in Nuoro, Sardinia into a bourgeois family, she attended elementary school and then was educated by a private tutor (a guest of one of her relatives) and moved on to study literature on her own.
She first published some novels on the magazine L'ultima moda when it still published works in prose and poetry. Nell'azzurro, published by Trevisani in 1890 might be considered as her first work.
Still between prose and poetry are, among the first works, Paesaggi sardi, published by Speirani in 1896. In 1900, after having married Palmiro Madesani, functionary of the Ministry of War met in Cagliari in the October 1899, the writer moved to Rome and after the publishing of Anime oneste in 1895 and of Il vecchio della montagna in 1900, plus the collaboration with magazines La Sardegna, Piccola rivista and Nuova Antologia, her work began to gain critical interest.
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Greeks
The Greeks, also known as the Hellenes (Greek: Ἕλληνες, [ˈelines]), are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and other regions. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world.
Greek colonies and communities have been historically established in most corners of the Mediterranean, but Greeks have always been centered around the Aegean Sea, where the Greek language has been spoken since antiquity. Until the early 20th century, Greeks were uniformly distributed between the Greek peninsula, the western coast of Asia Minor, Pontus, Egypt, Cyprus and Constantinople; many of these regions coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century and the Eastern Mediterranean areas of the ancient Greek colonization.
In the aftermath of the Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922), a large-scale population exchange between Greece and Turkey transferred and confined Christians from Turkey, except Constantinople (effectively ethnic Greeks) into the borders of the modern Greek state and Cyprus. Other ethnic Greek populations can be found from southern Italy to the Caucasus and in diaspora communities in a number of other countries. Today, most Greeks are officially registered as members of the Greek Orthodox Church.
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Guglielmo Marconi
Guglielmo Marconi (Italian pronunciation: [ɡuʎˈʎɛːlmo marˈkoːni]; 25 April 1874 – 20 July 1937) was an Italian inventor, known as the father of long distance radio transmission and for his development of Marconi's law and a radio telegraph system. Marconi is often credited as the inventor of radio, and indeed he shared the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics with Karl Ferdinand Braun "in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy". Much of Marconi's work in radio transmission was built upon previous experimentation and the commercial exploitation of ideas by others such as Hertz, Maxwell, Faraday, Popov, Lodge, Fessenden, Stone, Bose, and Tesla. As an entrepreneur, businessman, and founder of the The Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company in 1897, Marconi succeeded in making a commercial success of radio by innovating and building on the work of previous experimenters and physicists. In 1924, he was ennobled as Marchese Marconi.
Marconi was born in Bologna on April 25, 1874, the second son of Giuseppe Marconi, an Italian landowner, and his Irish wife, Annie Jameson, daughter of Andrew Jameson of Daphne Castle in the County Wexford, Ireland and granddaughter of John Jameson, founder of whiskey distillers Jameson & Sons. Marconi was educated privately in Bologna in the lab of Augusto Righi, in Florence at the Istituto Cavallero and, later, in Livorno. As a child Marconi did not do well in school.Baptized as a Catholic, he was also a member of the Anglican Church, being married into it; however, he still received a Catholic annulment.
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Istria
Istria (Croatian, Slovene: Istra, Čakavian: Istrija, Jistra, Croatian pronunciation: [îstra]; Italian: Istria; Istriot: Eîstria; German: Istrien; Hungarian: Isztria), formerly Histria (Latin), is the largest peninsula in the Adriatic Sea. The peninsula is located at the head of the Adriatic between the Gulf of Trieste and the Bay of Kvarner. It is shared by three countries: Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy.
The geographical features of Istria include the Učka mountain ridge, which is the highest portion of the Ćićarija mountain range; the rivers Dragonja, Mirna, Pazinčica, and Raša; and the Lim bay and valley. Istria lies in three countries: Croatia, Slovenia and Italy. By far the largest portion (89%) lies in Croatia. "Croatian Istria" is divided into two counties, the larger being Istria County in western Croatia. Important towns in Istria County include Pula, Poreč, Rovinj, Pazin, Labin, Umag, Motovun, Buzet, and Buje. Smaller towns in Istria County include Višnjan, Roč, and Hum.
The northwestern part of Istria lies in Slovenia: it is known as Slovenian Istria, and includes the coastal municipalities of Piran, Izola and Koper, and the Karstic municipality of Hrpelje-Kozina. Northwards of Slovenian Istria, there is a tiny portion of the peninsula that lies in Italy. This smallest portion of Istria consists of the comunes of Muggia and San Dorligo della Valle.
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Istrian Italians
Istrian Italians are the ethnic group in the northern Adriatic region of Istria, related to the Italian people of Italy. Historically they are descendants from the original Latinized population of Roman Istria, from the Venetian-speaking settlers who came to Istria during the Republic of Venice, and from the Italianized South Slavic population in Istria. Today, as a result of the Istrian exodus, the majority of Istrian Italians live outside of the Istrian peninsula; however, a significant Italian minority still lives in the Croatian County of Istria and in Slovenian Istria, where they are granted minority rights. Their number is around 17,000. The Istrian diaspora, on the other hand, counts more than 200,000 people.
Istria was part of the Roman Empire from the 2nd century before Christ until its fall in 476. During this period, the local Illyrian and Venetic population was largely Romanized and accepted the Latin language. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Istria was included under Odoacer's Kingdom (476-489), then to the Ostrogothic Kingdom and from 539 to the Byzantine Empire.
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Italian American
An Italian American (Italian: Italoamericano singular, Italian: Italoamericani plural), is an American of Italian ancestry. The designation may also refer to someone possessing Italian and American dual citizenship. Italian Americans are the fourth largest European ethnic group in the United States (not including American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States; overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German, Irish, African American, English, American and Mexican).
About 5.5 million Italians immigrated to the U.S. from 1820 to 2004. The greatest surge of immigration, which occurred in the period between 1880 and 1920, alone brought more than 4 million Italians to America. About 80% of the Italian immigrants came from Southern Italy, especially from Sicily, Campania, Abruzzo and Calabria. This was a largely agricultural and overpopulated region, where much of the populace had been impoverished by centuries of foreign misrule, and the economic measures imposed on the South after Italian unification in 1861 . After unification the Italian government initially encouraged emigration of landless peasants to relieve economic pressures in the South. In the U.S., most Italians began their new lives as unskilled, manual workers in Eastern cities, mining camps and in agriculture. Italian Americans gradually moved from the lower rungs of the economic scale in 1890-1910 to a level comparable to the national average by 1970. By 1990, more than 65% of Italian Americans were managerial, professional, or white-collar workers. The Italian-American communities have often been characterized by strong ties with family, the Catholic Church, fraternal organizations and political parties. Today, over 17.8 million Americans claim Italian ancestry.
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Italian Argentine
An Italian Argentine (Spanish and Italian: italo-argentino) is a person born in Argentina of Italian ancestry. It is estimated up to 28 million Argentines have some degree of Italian descent (up to 60% of the total population). Italians began arriving in Argentina in great numbers from 1857 to 1940, totaling 44.9% of the entire immigrant population; more than from any other country (including Spain at 31.5%), and this migratory flow continued to the 1960s, with Italy also having the most emigrants to Argentina for the decades 1980–2000. Because of this, Italian descent is likely the largest ethnic heritage of Argentina's population, with at least 45% of the population, almost 20 million.
Italian settlement in Argentina, along with Spanish settlement, formed the backbone of today's Argentine society. Argentine culture has significant connections to Italian culture in terms of language, customs and traditions.
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Italian Australian
Italian Australians are one of the largest ethnic groups in Australia.
The 2006 Census counted 199,124 persons who were born in Italy. However, 852,417 persons identified themselves as having Italian ancestry, either alone or in combination with another ancestry (4.29%). Italian is the fifth most identified ancestry in Australia behind 'Australian', 'English', 'Irish' and 'Scottish'. Italian is the second most utilised language at home, with 316,900 speakers (or 1.6% of the Australian population). Italians arrived most prominently in the decades immediately following World War II, and they and their children have had a significant impact on the cultural, social and economic life of Australia.
Italians are well represented in every Australian town and region but there is a disproportionate concentration in Victoria (41.6% compared to 25% of the general Australian population) and South Australia (11.3% compared to 7.6%). It is probable that the distribution of their Italian-Australian children mirrors this.
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Italian Brazilian
An Italian Brazilian (Italian: Italobrasiliano, Portuguese: Ítalo-brasileiro) is a person born in Brazil of Italian ancestry.
The Italian government claims there are 25 million Brazilians of Italian descent, which would be the largest population of Italian background outside of Italy itself. There are no actual surveys, or even verifiable calculations supporting such claims. According to demographer Miguel Ángel García. 15 to 18 million people in Brazil have Italian ancestry. Actual field surveys seem to support García's analysis, pointing to a figure around 10.4% of the Brazilian population, or about 19.8 million people. All those figures relate to Brazilians of any Italian descent, not necessarily linked to Italian culture in any significant way. According to García, the number of Brazilians with actual links to Italian identity and culture would be around 3.5 to 4.5 million people. Scholar Luigi Favero, in a book on Italian emigration between 1876 and 1976, pinpointed that Italians were present in Brasil since the Renaissance: Genoese sailors and merchants were between the first to settle in colonial Brazil since the first half of the 16th century, and so - because of the many descendants of Italians emigrated there from Columbus times until 1860 - the number of Brazilians with Italian roots should be increased to 35 millions.
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Italian Canadians
An Italian Canadian is a Canadian of Italian descent or heritage. According to the 2006 census of Canada, 1,445,335 Canadians (4.6% of total population) consider themselves to be of Italian origin. The Italian-Canadian population climbed by more than 12% and half (over 700,000) have combined Italian origins along with another ethnic group, mostly other European ethnic groups. Altogether, Italians continue to be the 5th largest ethnic group in Canada after British and Irish origins, French origin and German origin.
The first explorer to North America and to Canada was the Venetian Giovanni Caboto (John Cabot). His voyage to Canada and other parts of the Americas was followed by his son Sebastiano Caboto and Janus Verrazanus (Giovanni da Verrazzano). During the New France era, France also occupied parts of Northern Italy and there was a significant Italian presence in the French military forces in the colony. Notable were Alphonse de Tonty, who helped establish Detroit, and Henri de Tonti, who journeyed with La Salle in his exploration of the Mississippi River. Italians made up a small portion of the population, however, and quickly lost their ethnic identities. In 1881, only 1,849 Canadians claimed to be Italian. A number of Italians were imported to work as navvies in the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway.
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Italian Chilean
Italian Chileans (in Spanish: Italochilenos, Italian: Italo-cileni) are Chileans of full or partly Italian descent. The Chilean census, according to their first surname only, officially numbers Italian Chileans as 800.000 - 1.500.000. In Southern Chile, there were state-conducted Italian immigrants programs, though they were not as massive as the German and Croats immigrants programs. These families settled especially in Capitán Pastene, Angol, Lumaco, and Temuco, but also in Valparaiso, Concepción, Chillán, Valdivia, and Osorno. One of the notable Italian influences in Chile is, for example, the sizable number of Italian surnames of a proportion of Chilean politicians, businessmen and intellectuals, of whom a good number intermarried into the "Castilian-Basque" elites.
Italian Chileans, along with French Chileans, contributed to the development, cultivation and ownership of the world-famous Chilean wines from haciendas in the Central Valley, since the first wave of Italians arrived in colonial Chile in the early 19th century.
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Italian Costa Rican
Italian Costa Ricans are citizens of Costa Rica who are of Italian ancestry. Most of them reside in San Vito, the capital city of the Coto Brus Canton
In 1888, the railroad brought in laborers from Italy as an alternative workforce. The terrible work conditions spurred the Italians to leave the railroad project and many remained in Costa Rica. They settled in a government-sponsored colony known as San Vito, in the Southern Pacific region of Costa Rica.
In 1952, there was an influx of Italian immigrants, mainly farmers, who arrived in San Vito armed with tractors and other farm machinery, and began to farm the land intensively and to raise cattle. An Italian organization for agricultural colonization purchased 10,000 hectares of land from the government of Costa Rica.
There is a Italian cultural center in San Vito as well as several Italian restaurants. The Italian language is usually spoken only by the older citizens of San Vito.
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Italian diaspora
The term Italian diaspora refers to the large-scale migration of Italians away from Italy in the period roughly beginning with the unification of Italy in 1861 and ending with the Italian economic miracle in the 1960s. The Italian diaspora concerned more than 25 million Italians and it is considered the biggest mass migration of contemporary times.
Poverty was the main reason for the diaspora. Italy was until the 1950s a partially rural society where land management practices, especially in the South and North-East, did not easily convince farmers to stay on the land and work the soil.
Another characteristic was related to the overpopulation of southern Italy after the improvements of the socio-economic conditions, following the unification process. Indeed southern Italian families after 1861 started to have access (for the first time) to hospitals, improved hygienic conditions and normal food supply.
This created a demographic boom and forced the new generations to emigrate in mass at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century, mostly to the Americas. The emigration was minimal only when Fascism moved to the Italian colonies the excessive Italian population in order to colonize Libya and the horn of Africa. After World War II the process started again in huge numbers, because of the destruction during the war of Italy and its economy.
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Italian Eritreans
Italian Eritreans (or Eritrean Italians) are Eritrean-born descendants of Italian settlers as well as Italian long-term residents in Eritrea.
Their ancestry dates back from the beginning of the Italian colonization of Eritrea at the end of the 19th century, but only after the Second Italo-Abyssinian War of 1935 they settled in large numbers. In the 1939 census of Eritrea there were more than 75,000 Eritrean Italians, most of them (53,000) living in Asmara. Many Italian settlers got out of their colony after its conquest by the Allies in November 1941 and they were reduced to only 38,000 by 1946. This also includes a population of mixed Italian and Eritrean descent; most Italian Eritreans still living in Eritrea are from this mixed group.
Although many of the remaining Italians stayed during the decolonization process after World War II and are actually assimilated to the Eritrean society, a few are stateless today, as none of them were given citizenship unless through marriage or, more rarely, by having it conferred upon them by the State.
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Italian French
Italian migration into what is today France has been going on, in different migrating cycles, for centuries, beginning in prehistoric times right to the modern age. In addition, Corsica passed from the Republic of Genoa to France in 1770, and the area around Nice and Savoy from the Kingdom of Sardinia to France in 1860. Today, it is estimated that as many as five million French nationals have Italian ancestry going back three generations.
There has always been large migration, since ancient times, between what is today Italy and what is today France. This is especially true of the regions of northwestern Italy and southern France. As Italian wealth and influence grew during the Middle Ages, many Florentine, Genoese, Neapolitan, Piedmontese and Venetian traders, bankers and artisans settled, usually through family branches, throughout France, and posts and Italian colonies sprang up as far north as Paris and Flanders.
This Italian trade network continued through the Renaissance, as previous generations became assimilated. Italian artists, writers and architects were called upon by the French monarchy and aristocrats.
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Italian Peruvian
An Italian Peruvian is a Peruvian citizen of Italian descent. The phrase may refer to someone born in Peru of Italian descent or to someone who has immigrated to Peru from Italy. Among European Peruvians, Italians were the second largest group of immigrants to settle in the country.
Between 1532 and 1560, 50 Italians established in Lima (Viceroyalty of Peru) and Callao, mostly from Liguria and Tuscany, such as Martin from Florence, Pietro Catagno, Pietro Martín from Sicily (all of them involved in Atahualpa's capture), Juan Bautista Pastene, born in Genoa in 1505 and also present since the beginning of the Spanish Conquest of the Inca Empire. It is worthy to say that, in 1584, the first printing press was brought to the Viceroyalty of Peru by an Italian named Antonio Ricciardi Pedemontanus.[citation needed]
Radicati di Primeglio has done an exhaustive research about Italians in Lima and he found the well-documented existence of 343 Italians in Lima between 1532 and 1650 (this number can vary because many Italians were not registered). From these 343 Italians: 124 were from Genoa, 28 from Venice, 28 from Corsica, 15 from Naples, 11 from Milan, 10 from Rome, 5 from Sicily and the rest from other Italian states. Italians from Genoa used to work in the transport of passengers and merchandises between Callao and other Viceroyalty harbors to Panama. We can mention to Captains Giustiniani y Vicenzo Pascuale, who founded many navigation and trade enterprises between Callao and Valparaiso; Giovanni di Malta, Nicolo da Bonifilio, Alvaro Pastrello, Giovanni Gaetano; Enrique Porri from Milan, Lucas de Astra from Genoa; Nicoroso y Marcos Corso, captain Alessandro Malaspina.
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Italian Scots
Italian Scots or Scots-Italians are an ethnic minority of Italian descent living in Scotland. These terms may refer to people who are born in Scotland and of Italian descent. It can also refer to people of mixed Scottish and Italian descents. A recent Italian voter census estimated that there are 70,000 to 100,000 people in Scotland of Italian descent or Italian nationals, which is up to 1.9% of the Scottish population.
The majority come from the provinces of Lucca, Frosinone and Isernia.
The first people from Italy to reach Scotland were the Romans in and around 40 AD. The Romans left their mark on Scotland in the shape of Hadrians Wall, Antonine Wall and other monumental constructions. However, it was not until the end of the nineteenth century that an Italian-Scots identity really began to take shape.
Many Italian-Scots can trace their ancestry back to the 1890s where their forefathers escaped drought, famine and poverty in their homeland for a better life in Scotland; yet it was not until World War I that a sizeable population of Italian-Scots—over 4,000—began to emerge, with Glasgow hosting the third largest community in the United Kingdom. Since then, there has been a steady flow of migration between the two countries.
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Italian Somalis
Italian Somalis or Italo Somalis are Somali descendants from Italian colonists, as well as Italian long-term residents in Somalia.
In 1892, the Italian explorer Robecchi Bricchetti for the first time labeled as Somalia the region in the Horn of Africa referred to as Benadir, which was then under the joint control of the Somali Geledi Sultanate (who, also holding sway over the Shebelle region in the interior, were at the height of their power) and the Arab Sultan of Zanzibar. In April 1905, the Italian government acquired control (from a private Italian company called SACI) of this coastal area around Mogadishu, and created the colony of Italian Somaliland.
From the outset, the Italians signed protectorate agreements with the local Somali authorities. In doing this, the Kingdom of Italy was spared bloody rebellions like those launched by the Dervish leader Mohammed Abdullah Hassan (the so-called "Mad Mullah") over a period of twenty-one years against the British colonial authorities in northern Somalia, an area then referred to as British Somaliland.
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Italian Uruguayan
An Italian Uruguayan (Spanish: italo-uruguayo, Italian: italo-uruguaiano) is an Uruguayan citizen of full or partial Italian ancestry. Almost half of the population is of Italian origin or has some degree of Italian descent. Italians began arriving to Uruguay in great numbers in the 1870s, and this migratory flow continued to the 1960s.
The Italian settlement, along with the Spanish, formed the backbone of today's Uruguayan society. Like its neighbour country Argentina, the culture of Uruguay exhibits significant connections to Italian culture; in terms of language, customs and traditions.
The first Italians arrived in the colony of the Spanish in the 16th century. Liguri were primarily in the Republic of Genoa, who worked in business and commerce related to the transoceanic shipping. The stream grew in the 19th century and - after 'independence' Uruguay - were some of thousands of Italian-Uruguay concentrated in the capital Montevideo.
The primacy of Liguria and Piedmont was altered after the first Lombardi, exiles, craftsmen and farmers and by the followers of Garibaldi, largely southern, not totally inexperienced, and even those active in various ways, except for a minority of adventurers.
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Italian Wars
The Italian Wars, often referred to as the Great Italian Wars or the Great Wars of Italy and sometimes as the Habsburg–Valois Wars or the Renaissance Wars, were a series of conflicts from 1494 to 1559 that involved, at various times, most of the city-states of Italy, the Papal States, most of the major states of Western Europe (France, Spain, the Holy Roman Empire, England, and Scotland) as well as the Ottoman Empire. Originally arising from dynastic disputes over the Duchy of Milan and the Kingdom of Naples, the wars rapidly became a general struggle for power and territory among their various participants, and were marked with an increasing number of alliances, counter-alliances, and betrayals.
Following the Wars in Lombardy between Venice and Milan, which ended in 1454, Northern Italy had been largely at peace during the reigns of Cosimo de' Medici and Lorenzo de' Medici in Florence, with the notable exception of the War of Ferrara in 1482-1484.
Spain had promised not to interfere with France's adventures in Italy in return for Roussillon and Cerdagne, which were ceded to Spain under the Treaty of Barcelona of 1492.
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Italians
Italians (Italian: italiani) are an ethnic group native of Southern Europe that share a common Italian culture, ancestry and speak the Italian language as a mother tongue. Within Italy, Italians are defined by citizenship, regardless of ancestry or country of residence (though the principle of jus sanguinis is used extensively and arguably more favorably in the Italian nationality law), and are distinguished from people of Italian descent and, historically, from ethnic Italians living in the unredeemed territories adjacent to the Italian Peninsula.
In 2012, in addition to the 60 million Italians in Italy and 3,000 in San Marino, Italian-speaking, autonomous groups are found in neighboring countries: about 500,000 in Switzerland, a large, but undefined population in France (Nice, Corsica), and smaller groups in Slovenia and Croatia, primarily in Istria. If regarded as an ethnic group, they constitute one of the world's largest.
Because of wide-ranging and long-lasting diaspora, about 4 and half million Italian citizens and over 70 million people of full or part Italian ancestry live outside of Italy, most notably in South America, North America, Australia and parts of Europe.
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Italians in Germany
Italians in Germany consist of ethnic Italian migrants to Germany and their descendants, both those originating from Italy as well as from among the communities of Italians in Switzerland . Over time most Italians moved from home to Germany for reasons of work. Some also left for personal relations, study, or political reasons. Today, Italians in Germany form one of the largest Italian diasporas in the world and account one of the largest immigrant groups in Germany.
Large numbers of Italians have resided in Germany since the early Middle Ages, particularly architects, craftsmen and traders. During the late Middle Ages and early modern times many Italians came to Germany for business, and relations between the two countries prospered. The political borders were also somewhat intertwined under the German princes' attempts to extend control over all the Holy Roman Empire, which extended from northern Germany down to southern Italy. During the Renaissance many Italian bankers, architects and artists moved to Germany and successfully integrated in the German society.
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Italians in India
There is a small community of Italians in India consisting mainly of expatriates from Italy as well as Indian citizens of Italian descent.
Since Roman times, people from the Italian peninsula moved to India mainly as merchants. During the Middle Ages, the first Italians to arrive in India were Jesuits and Christian missionaries.
Since the 1500s', many of these Italian Jesuits came to South India, mainly Goa, Kerela and Tamil Nadu. Some of the most well known Jesuits in India include Antonio Moscheni, Constanzo Beschi, Roberto de Nobili and Rodolfo Acquaviva
In the 1940s', during World War II, the British brought Italian prisoners of war, who were captured in either Europe or North Africa, to Bangalore. They were put up at the Garrison Grounds, today's Parade Grounds-Cubbon Road area. In February 1941, about 2,200 Italian prisoners of war arrived in Bangalore by a special train and marched to internment camps at Byramangala, 20 miles from Bangalore.
In recent years, many Italians have been coming to India for business purposes. Today, Italy is India's fourth largest trading partner in the European Union. The Italian government has already identified India as a priority country and, in particular, as the Focus Country for 2007 and there are several Italian companies currently doing business in India. Many Italian expatriates in India therefore tend to be entrepreneurs from multi-national companies. In addition, there are some students. Italy also maintains an active diplomatic presence in India; apart from an embassy in Delhi, it has consulates in Mumbai and Kolkata.
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Italians of Croatia
Italians of Croatia are an autochthonous national minority recognized by the Constitution of Croatia. As such, they elect a special representative to the Croatian Parliament.
There are two major groups of Italians in Croatia:
As of 2009[update], Italian language is officially used in twenty cities and municipalities and ten other settlements in Croatia, according to the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.
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Italians of Ethiopia
Italians of Ethiopia are the colonists from Italy who moved to colonize Ethiopia in the 20th century, and their descendants.
The 1880s were marked by the Scramble for Africa in Ethiopia and Eastern Africa, when the Italians began to vie with the British and French for influence in the area. Asseb, a port near the southern entrance of the Red Sea, was bought by in March 1870 from the local Afar sultan, vassal to the Ethiopian Emperor, by an Italian company, which by 1890 led to the Italian colony of Eritrea being established. From then on, the Kingdom of Italy attempted to take control of Ethiopia.
Conflicts between the two countries resulted in the Battle of Adwa in 1896, whereby the Ethiopians defeated Italy and remained independent, under the rule of Menelik II. Italy and Ethiopia signed a provisional treaty of peace on 26 October 1896, but in the next years Italians started to pursue the "avenge of Adua" as a matter of national honor.
The avenge indeed came when Benito Mussolini started to expand the African colonial possessions of Italy in the 1930s.
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Italians of Romania
The Italian Romanians are people of Italian descent who reside, or have moved to Romania.
They are an ethnic minority in Romania, numbering 3,288 people according to the 2002 census. Italians are fairly dispersed throughout the country, even though there is a higher number of them in the western parts of the country (particularly Timiş County), and in the Municipality of Bucharest.
As an officially-recognised ethnic minority, Italians have one seat reserved in the Romanian Chamber of Deputies.
In recent years, the number of Italians living in Romania has increased substantially. As of November 2007, there are some 12,000 Italians in and around Timişoara. About 3,000 square kilometres of land (2% of the agricultural land of Romania) have been bought by Italians.
The territory of today's Romania has been part of the Italians' (especially Genoese and Venetians) trade routes on the Danube since at least the 13th century. They founded several ports on the Danube, including Vicina (near Isaccea), Sfântu Gheorghe, San Giorgio (Giurgiu) and Calafat.
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Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar (Classical Latin: [ˈɡaː.i.ʊs ˈjuː.lɪ.ʊs ˈkaj.sar], July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman and a distinguished writer of Latin prose. He played a critical role in the gradual transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire.
In 60 BC, Caesar, Crassus and Pompey formed a political alliance that was to dominate Roman politics for several years. Their attempts to amass power through populist tactics were opposed by the conservative elite within the Roman Senate[citation needed], among them Cato the Younger with the frequent support of Cicero. Caesar's conquest of Gaul, completed by 51 BC, extended Rome's territory to the English Channel and the Rhine. Caesar became the first Roman general to cross both when he built a bridge across the Rhine and conducted the first invasion of Britain.
These achievements granted him unmatched military power and threatened to eclipse Pompey's standing. The balance of power was further upset by the death of Crassus in 53 BC. Political realignments in Rome finally led to a standoff between Caesar and Pompey, the latter having taken up the cause of the Senate. Ordered by the Senate to stand trial in Rome for various charges, Caesar marched on Rome with one legion—legio XIII—from Gaul to Italy, crossing the Rubicon in 49 BC. This sparked a civil war from which he emerged as the unrivaled leader of the Roman world.
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Justinian I
Justinian I ( /dʒʌˈstɪniən/) (Latin: Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus Augustus, Ancient Greek: Φλάβιος Πέτρος Σαββάτιος Ἰουστινιανός) (c. 482 – 14 November 565), commonly known as Justinian the Great, was Byzantine Emperor from 527 to 565. During his reign, Justinian sought to revive the Empire's greatness and reconquer the lost western half of the classical Roman Empire.
One of the most important figures of Late Antiquity and the last Roman Emperor to speak Latin as a first language, Justinian's rule constitutes a distinct epoch in the history of the Eastern Roman Empire. The impact of his administration extended far beyond the boundaries of his time and domain. Justinian's reign is marked by the ambitious but only partly realized renovatio imperii, or "restoration of the Empire". This ambition was expressed by the partial recovery of the territories of the defunct Western Roman Empire. His general Belisarius swiftly conquered the Vandal Kingdom in North Africa, extending Roman control to the Atlantic Ocean. Subsequently Belisarius, Narses, and other generals conquered the Ostrogothic Kingdom, restoring Dalmatia, Sicily, Italy, and Rome to the Empire after more than half a century of barbarian control.
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Latins
"Latins" refers to different groups of people and the meaning of the word changes for where and when it is used.
The original Latins were an Italian tribe inhabiting central and south-central Italy. Through conquest by their most populous city-state, Rome, the original Latins culturally "Romanized" or "Latinized" the rest of Italy. In this way the word "Latin" ceased to mean a particular people or ethnicity. Subsequently, other regions, particularly the European ones such as Spain, Portugal, Italy and France, became lastingly culturally "Latinized" by the Roman Empire. Thus, from an early stage in its history, when used as a label for various groups of people, the term "Latin" has had purely legal and cultural meanings, not ethnic.
A millennium after the fall of the Western Roman Empire of which they were part, these European nations began spreading their Latin-derived languages and cultures around the world through their own empires, especially in the Americas. The meaning of the term "Latin" has thus been broadened from its ancient meaning to refer to a number of different peoples in Europe and in Latin America.
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Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (Italian pronunciation: [leoˈnardo da ˈvintʃi] pronunciation (help·info); April 15, 1452 – May 2, 1519, Old Style) was an Italian Renaissance polymath: painter, sculptor, architect, musician, scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist, and writer whose genius, perhaps more than that of any other figure, epitomized the Renaissance humanist ideal. Leonardo has often been described as the archetype of the Renaissance Man, a man of "unquenchable curiosity" and "feverishly inventive imagination". He is widely considered to be one of the greatest painters of all time and perhaps the most diversely talented person ever to have lived. According to art historian Helen Gardner, the scope and depth of his interests were without precedent and "his mind and personality seem to us superhuman, the man himself mysterious and remote". Marco Rosci points out, however, that while there is much speculation about Leonardo, his vision of the world is essentially logical rather than mysterious, and that the empirical methods he employed were unusual for his time.
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List of Italians
This is a list of notable Italians in alphabetical order.
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List of Sardinians
This is a list of famous people from or with origins in the island of Sardinia.
File:Stampa pasquale tola.jpg
Er Canaro (born 1956)
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List of Sicilians
This is a list of Sicilian people. Sicily is the largest region in Italy and has special conditions of autonomy, with a population of over five million and has contributed many famous names to all walks of life. Sicilian was for a long time a nationality rather than just a regional title and is still considered to be so by many people, especially Sicilians themselves.
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Lombards
The Lombards or Langobards (Latin: Langobardī), were a Germanic tribe who from 568 to 774 ruled a Kingdom in Italy.
The Lombard historian Paul the Deacon wrote in the Historia Langobardorum that the Lombards descended from a small tribe called the Winnili, dwelling in southern Scandinavia (Scadanan), who had migrated southward to seek new lands. In the 1st century AD they formed part of the Suebi, in northwestern Germany. By the end of the 5th century they had moved into the area roughly coinciding with modern Austria north of the Danube river, where they subdued the Heruls and later fought frequent wars with the Gepids. The Lombard king Audoin defeated the Gepid leader Thurisind in 551 or 552; his successor Alboin eventually destroyed the Gepids at the Battle of Asfeld in 567.
Following this victory, Alboin decided to lead his people to Italy, which had become severely depopulated after the long Gothic War (535–554) between the Byzantine Empire and the Ostrogothic Kingdom there. The Lombards were joined by numerous Saxons, Heruls, Gepids, Bulgars, Thuringians, and Ostrogoths, and their invasion of Italy was almost unopposed. By late 569 they had conquered all the principal cities north of the Po River except Pavia, which fell in 572. At the same time, they occupied areas in central Italy and southern Italy. They established a Lombard Kingdom in Italy, later named Regnum Italicum ("Kingdom of Italy"), which reached its zenith under the eighth-century ruler Liutprand. In 774, the Kingdom was conquered by the Frankish King Charlemagne, and integrated into his Empire. However, Lombard nobles continued to rule parts of the Italian peninsula well into the 11th century, when they were conquered by the Normans, and added to their Kingdom of Sicily. Their legacy is apparent in the regional appellation, Lombardy.
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Louis the Pious
Louis the Pious (778 – 20 June 840), also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was the King of Aquitaine from 781. He was also King of the Franks and co-Emperor (as Louis I) with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. As the only surviving adult son of Charlemagne and Hildegard, he became the sole ruler of the Franks after his father's death in 814, a position which he held until his death, save for the period 833–34, during which he was deposed.
During his reign in Aquitaine, Louis was charged with the defence of the Empire's southwestern frontier. He conquered Barcelona from the Muslims in 801 and asserted Frankish authority over Pamplona and the Basques south of the Pyrenees in 812. As emperor he included his adult sons, Lothair, Pepin, and Louis, in the government and sought to establish a suitable division of the realm among them. The first decade of his reign was characterised by several tragedies and embarrassments, notably the brutal treatment of his nephew Bernard of Italy, for which Louis atoned in a public act of self-debasement. In the 830s his empire was torn by civil war between his sons, only exacerbated by Louis's attempts to include his son Charles by his second wife in the succession plans. Though his reign ended on a high note, with order largely restored to his empire, it was followed by three years of civil war. Louis is generally compared unfavourably to his father, though the problems he faced were of a distinctly different sort.
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Luigi Pirandello
Luigi Pirandello (Italian pronunciation: [luˈiːdʒi piranˈdɛllo]; 28 June 1867 – 10 December 1936) was an Italian dramatist, novelist, and short story writer awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1934, for his "bold and brilliant renovation of the drama and the stage". Pirandello's works include novels, hundreds of short stories, and about 40 plays, some of which are written in Sicilian. Pirandello's tragic farces are often seen as forerunners for Theatre of the Absurd.
Pirandello was born into an upper-class family in a village with the curious name of Kaos (Chaos), a poor suburb of Girgenti (Agrigento, a town in southern Sicily). His father, Stefano, belonged to a wealthy family involved in the sulphur industry and his mother, Caterina Ricci Gramitto, was also of a well-to-do background, descending from a family of the bourgeois professional class of Agrigento. Both families, the Pirandellos and the Ricci Gramittos, were ferociously anti-Bourbon and actively participated in the struggle for unification and democracy ("Il Risorgimento"). Stefano participated in the famous Expedition of the Thousand, later following Garibaldi all the way to the battle of Aspromonte and Caterina, who had hardly reached the age of thirteen, was forced to accompany her father to Malta, where he had been sent into exile by the Bourbon monarchy. But the open participation in the Garibaldian cause and the strong sense of idealism of those early years were quickly transformed, above all in Caterina, into an angry and bitter disappointment with the new reality created by the unification. Pirandello would eventually assimilate this sense of betrayal and resentment and express it in several of his poems and in his novel The Old and the Young. It is also probable that this climate of disillusion inculcated in the young Luigi the sense of disproportion between ideals and reality which is recognizable in his essay on humorism (L'Umorismo).
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Maria Montessori
Maria Montessori (August 31, 1870 – May 6, 1952) was an Italian physician and educator, a noted humanitarian and devout Catholic best known for the philosophy of education which bears her name. Her educational method is in use today in public and private schools throughout the world.
Maria Tecla Artemesia Montessori was born on August 31, 1870 in Chiaravalle, Italy. Her father, Alessandro Montessori, 33 years old at the time, was an official of the Ministry of Finance working in the local, state-run tobacco factory. Her mother, Renilde Stoppani, 25 years old, was well educated for the times and was probably related to Italian geologist and paleontologist Antonio Stoppani.
The Montessori family moved to Florence in 1873 and then to Rome in 1875 because of her father's work. Montessori entered a public elementary school at the age of 6 in 1876. Her early school record was “not particularly noteworthy”, although she was awarded certificates for good behavior in 1st grade and for "lavori donneschi", or “women's work", the next year.
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Mark Antony
Mark Antony (Latin: M·ANTONIVS·M·F·M·N) (January 14, 83 BC – August 1, 30 BC) was a Roman politician and general. As a military commander and administrator, he was an important supporter and loyal friend of his mother's cousin Julius Caesar. After Caesar's assassination, Antony formed an official political alliance with Octavian (the future Augustus) and Lepidus, known to historians today as the Second Triumvirate.
The triumvirate broke up in 33 BC. Disagreement between Octavian and Antony erupted into civil war, the final war of the Roman Republic, in 31 BC. Antony was defeated by Octavian at the naval Battle of Actium, and in a brief land battle at Alexandria. He and his lover Cleopatra committed suicide shortly thereafter. His career and defeat are significant in Rome's transformation from Republic to Empire.
A member of the Antonia clan (gens), Antony was born on January 14, 83 BC. He was the homonymous and thus presumably the eldest son of Marcus Antonius Creticus (praetor 74 BC, proconsul 73–71 BC) and grandson of the noted orator Marcus Antonius (consul 99 BC, censor 97–6 BC) who had been murdered during the Marian Terror of the winter of 87–6 BC.
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Martino Martini
Martino Martini (simplified Chinese: 卫匡国; traditional Chinese: 衛匡國; pinyin: Wèi Kuāngguó) (20 September 1614 – 6 June 1661) was an Italian Jesuit missionary, cartographer and historian, mainly working on ancient Imperial China.
Martini was born in Trento, in the Bishopric of Trent. After finishing high school studies in Trent in 1631, he entered the Austrian province of the Society of Jesus, from where he was sent to study classical letters and philosophy at the Roman College, Rome (1634–37). However his interest was more in astronomy and mathematics which he studied under Athanasius Kircher. His request to be sent as a missionary to China had already been granted by Mutius Vitelleschi, the then Superior General of the Jesuits. He did his theological studies in Portugal (1637–39)—already on his way to China—where he was ordained priest (1639, in Lisbon).
He set out for China in 1640, and arrived in Macau in 1642 where he studied Chinese for some time. In 1643 he crossed the border and settled in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, from where he did much traveling in view of gathering scientific information, especially on the geography of the Chinese empire: he visited several provinces, as well as Peking and the Great Wall. He made great use of his talents as missionary, scholar, writer and superior.
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Odoacer
Flavius Odoacer (433–493), also known as Flavius Odovacer, was a barbarian soldier, who after 476 became the first barbarian King of Italy. His reign is commonly seen as marking the end of the Western Roman Empire. Though the real power in Italy was in his hands, he represented himself as the client of Julius Nepos and, after Nepos' death in 480, of the Emperor in Constantinople. Odoacer generally used the Roman honorific patrician, granted by the Emperor Zeno, but is referred to as a king (Latin rex) in many documents and he himself used it at least once and on another occasion it was used by the consul Basilius. Odoacer introduced few important changes into the administrative system of Italy. He had the support of the Senate at Rome and was able to distribute land to his followers without much opposition. Unrest among his warriors led to violence in 477–478, but no such disturbances occurred during the later period of his reign. Although Odoacer was an Arian Christian, he rarely intervened in the affairs of the Orthodox Church.[citation needed]
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Oriundo
The term oriundo is an Italian and Spanish noun describing an immigrant of native ancestry. It comes from the Latin verb oriri (orior), "be born", and is related to Orient.
Some oriundi have played for the Italian or Spanish national football teams in international competition; among these are some who had previously represented their native country. FIFA requires international footballers to have either citizenship of a country or close ancestral ties to it. Oriundi may qualify under the latter heading; in addition, they can acquire citizenship more easily than immigrants not of native extraction, owing to jus sanguinis. When the Italian and Spanish Leagues imposed quotas or bans on "foreign" players, oriundi were partially or totally exempt from these.
Tours by European club sides of Latin America were common from the 1920s to the 1950s; tours in the reverse direction also occurred. European managers often recruited Latin Americans they had seen playing on these tours. The recruitment of dual internationals was greatly reduced by FIFA which ruled in 1964 that a player could not represent more than one country. In the 1960s, with incidents like the Battle of Santiago in 1962 and several finals of the Intercontinental Cup, South American football came to be seen as more violent and defensive, and hence fewer players were recruited.
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Ostrogoths
The Ostrogoths (Latin: Ostrogothi or Austrogothi) were a branch of the Goths (the other branch being the Visigoths), a Germanic tribe who developed a vast empire north of the Black Sea in the 3rd century AD and, in the late 5th century, under Theodoric the Great, established a Kingdom in Italy.
Invading southward from the Baltic Sea, the Ostrogoths, at the time known as the Greuthungi, built up a huge empire stretching from the Dniester to the Volga river and from the Black Sea to the Baltic shores. The Ostrogoths were probably literate in the 3rd century, and their trade with the Romans was highly developed. Their Danubian kingdom reached its zenith under King Ermanaric, who is said to have committed suicide at an old age when the Huns attacked his people and subjugated them about 370.
After their subjugation by the Huns, little is heard of the Ostrogoths for about 80 years, after which they reappear in Pannonia on the middle Danube River as federates of the Romans. However, a pocket remained behind in the Crimea when the bulk of them moved to central Europe, and these Crimean Ostrogoths existed until at least the 16th century. After the collapse of the Hun empire after the Battle of Nedao (453), the Ostrogoths under Theodoric the Great first moved to Moesia (c. 475–488) and later conquered the Italian Kingdom of the German warrior Odoacer. Theodoric became King of the Ostrogothic Kingdom in 493 and died in 526. A period of instability then ensued, tempting the Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian to declare war on the Ostrogoths in 535 in an effort to restore the former western provinces of the Roman Empire. Initially, the Byzantines were successful, but under the leadership of Totila, the Goths reconquered most of the lost territory until Totila's death at the Battle of Taginae. The war lasted for almost 20 years and caused enormous damage and depopulation of Italy. The remaining Ostrogoths were absorbed into the Lombards who established a Kingdom in Italy in 567 AD.
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Pepin the Short
Pepin (or Pippin) (died 24 September 768), called the Younger (Pippin der Jüngere), was the first King of the Franks (752–768) of the Carolingian dynasty. In 741 he and his brother Carloman succeeded their father, Charles Martel, as mayors of the palace and de facto rulers of the kingdom during an interregnum (737–743). After the retirement of Carloman (747), Pepin obtained the permission of Pope Zachary to depose the last of the Merovingian kings, Childeric III, and assume the throne (752).
He is sometimes called the Short or the Little (Pépin le Bref) or, rarely the Great (Pippin der Grosse), As he was named for his grandfather, Pepin of Heristal, in turn named for his grandfather, Pepin of Landen, both mayors of the palace, Pepin the Short has sometimes been numbered Pepin III.
Pepin's father Charles Martel died in 741. He divided the rule of the Frankish kingdom between Pepin and his elder brother, Carloman, his surviving sons by his first wife: Carloman became Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia, Pepin became Mayor of the Palace of Neustria. Grifo, Charles's son by his second wife, Swanahild (also known as Swanhilde), demanded a share in the inheritance, but he was imprisoned in a monastery by his two half-brothers.
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Pompey
Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, also known as Pompey ( /ˈpɒmpiː/) or Pompey the Great (Classical Latin abbreviation: CN·POMPEIVS·CN·F·SEX·N·MAGNVS; September 29, 106 BC – September 29, 48 BC), was a military and political leader of the late Roman Republic. He came from a wealthy Italian provincial background, and established himself in the ranks of Roman nobility by successful leadership in several military campaigns. Sulla addressed him by the cognomen Magnus (the Great), and he was awarded three triumphs.
Pompey joined his rival Marcus Licinius Crassus and his ally Julius Caesar in the unofficial military-political alliance known as the First Triumvirate. The first triumvirate was validated by the marriage between Julia Caesar (daughter of Julius Caesar) and Pompey. After the deaths of Julia and Crassus, Pompey sided with the optimates, the conservative and aristocratic faction of the Roman Senate.
Pompey and Caesar contended for the leadership of the Roman state, leading to a civil war. When Pompey was defeated at the Battle of Pharsalus, he sought refuge in Egypt, where he was assassinated. His career and defeat are significant in Rome's subsequent transformation from Republic to Principate and Empire.
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Pope Leo III
Pope Saint Leo III (750 – 12 June 816) was Pope from 795 to his death in 816. Protected by Charlemagne from his enemies in Rome, he subsequently strengthened Charlemagne's position by crowning him as Roman Emperor.
Leo, who was of non-noble birth, had risen in the hierarchy of Rome and was elected Pope only one day after the burial of his predecessor, Pope Adrian I, who had worked for good relations between Rome and the Frankish Empire under Charlemagne. Leo announced his election to Charlemagne, sending him the keys of Saint Peter's tomb and the banner of Rome, requesting an envoy. Charlemagne's reply stated that it was his function to defend the Church, and the function of the Pope to pray for the realm and for the victory of his army.
Leo aroused the hostility of Rome's nobility, who saw the papal post as reserved only for noble candidates. During his rule, he was accused of adultery and perjury. In April 799, he was attacked by a gang who unsuccessfully attempted to gouge out his eyes and cut off his tongue for his earlier actions, only to be saved by Magnus Forteman and 700 Frisian nobles of his army. He was then formally deposed and sent to a monastery, but escaped and made his way to Paderborn, where he met Charlemagne.
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Pope Pius IX
Blessed Pope Pius IX (13 May 1792 – 7 February 1878), born Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti, was the longest-reigning elected Pope in the history of the Catholic Church, serving from 16 June 1846 until his death, a period of nearly 32 years. During his pontificate, he convened the First Vatican Council in 1869, which decreed papal infallibility. The Pope defined the dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, meaning that Mary was conceived without original sin. Pius IX also granted the Marian title of Our Mother of Perpetual Help, a famous Byzantine icon from Crete entrusted to the Redemptorist priests. In addition to this, Pius IX was also the last Pope to rule as the Sovereign of the Papal States, which fell completely to Italian nationalist armies by 1870 and were incorporated into the Kingdom of Italy. He was beatified in 2000.
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Portuguese people
The Portuguese (Portuguese: os Portugueses) are a nation and ethnic group native to the country of Portugal, in the west of the Iberian peninsula of south-west Europe. Their language is Portuguese, and Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion.
Due to the large historical extent of the Portuguese Empire and the colonization of territories in Africa, Asia and the Americas, as well as historical and recent emigration, Portuguese communities can be found in many diverse regions around the globe, and a large Portuguese diaspora exists.
The Portuguese are a southwestern European population, with origins predominantly from Atlantic Europe, Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.
The earliest modern humans inhabiting Portugal are believed to have been Paleolithic peoples that may have arrived in the Iberian Peninsula as early as 35,000 to 40,000 years ago. Current interpretation of Y-chromosome and mtDNA data suggests that modern-day Portuguese traces largely a significant amount of these lineages to the paleolithic peoples which began arriving to the European continent between the end of the last glaciation around 45,000 years ago.
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Romanians
The Romanians (dated: Rumanians or Roumanians; in Romanian: români pronounced [roˈmɨnʲ] or — historically, but now a seldom-used regionalism — rumâni; dated exonym: Vlachs) are an ethnic group native to Romania, who speak Romanian; they are the majority inhabitants of Romania.
The Romanian people are a nation in the meaning of ethnos (Romanian: etnie), defined by the sense of sharing a common Romanian culture, descent, and having Romanian as mother tongue, as well as by citizenship or by being subjects to the same country. The Romanian citizenship law legislated in March 1991 establishes the rights of second and third generation descendants of Romanian citizens to obtain a Romanian citizenship, if they speak fluent Romanian and are able to demonstrate sufficient knowledge in Romanian history and culture. 89.4 percent of Romania's people declared themselves as Romanians at the 2002 Romanian Census.
In one interpretation of the census results in Moldova, Moldovans are counted as Romanians, which would mean that the latter form part of the majority in that country as well. Romanians are also an ethnic minority in several nearby countries.
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Romulus Augustulus
Romulus Augustus (born perhaps around 460 – died after 476, possibly alive around 500), is sometimes considered the last Western Roman Emperor (although by other accounts the last Western Roman Emperor was Julius Nepos), reigning from 31 October 475 until 4 September 476. His deposition by Odoacer traditionally marks the end of the Western Roman Empire, the fall of ancient Rome, and the beginning of the Middle Ages in Western Europe.
He is also known by his nickname "Romulus Augustulus", though he ruled officially as Romulus Augustus. The Latin suffix -ulus is a diminutive; hence, Augustulus effectively means "Little Augustus".
The historical record contains few details of Romulus' life. He was installed as emperor by his father Orestes, the Magister militum (master of soldiers) of the Roman army after deposing the previous emperor Julius Nepos. Romulus, little more than a child, acted as a figurehead for his father's rule. Reigning for only ten months, Romulus was then deposed by the Germanic chieftain Odoacer and sent to live in the Castellum Lucullanum in Campania; afterwards he disappears from the historical record.
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Sardinian people
The Sardinian people or Sardinians are the people from or with origins in Sardinia, a Mediterranean island and autonomous region of Italy.
The Sardinian people are originally from the island of Sardinia, which was populated in waves of emigration from the Paleolithic period until recent times. Sardinia was first colonized in a stable manner during the Upper Paleolithic by people from the Iberian peninsula or the Italian peninsula. During the Neolithic period, people from Italy, Spain and the Aegean area settled in Sardinia. In the Eneolithic-Early Bronze age the "Beaker folk" from the Franco-Iberian area and from Central Europe settled on the island, bringing new metallurgical techniques and ceramic styles and probably some kind of Indo-European speech.
The Nuragic civilization arose during the Middle Bronze Age. At that time the island was divided into three or more major ethnic groups, the most important being the Ilienses, the Balares and the Corsi. Nuragic Sardinians have been connected by some scholars to the Shardana, a tribe of the Sea Peoples, which appear several times in ancient Egyptian records, but this hypothesis has been discredited by most historians.[citation needed]
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Sicilian American
A Sicilian American (Sicilian: Siculu-miricanu singular, Sicilian: Siculu-miricani plural), is an American of Sicilian ancestry. They are often considered to be Italian Americans but are sometimes treated as a separate group due to cultural and historical differences between Sicily and the mainland.
The first Sicilians came to what is now the United States in the seventeenth century as explorers and missionaries. Sicilian emigration to the US then grew substantially in the period starting in the 1880s and in 1906 as many as a 100,000 Sicilians came to the US. By 1924, immigration restrictions had caused this to plummet. This period saw political and economic shifts in Sicily that made emigration desirable. A great portion of the Sicilian immigrants would settle in New York, Tampa, New Jersey, Chicago, Boston, Detroit, Philadelphia, Los Angeles, San Francisco, New Orleans and Milwaukee.
Elements of Sicilian culture came with them such as theatre and music. Giovanni De Rosalia was a noted Sicilian American playwright in the early period and farce was popular in several Sicilian dominated theatres. In music Sicilian Americans would be linked, to some extent, to jazz. Many of the more popular cities for Sicilian immigrants, like New Orleans or Chicago, are pivotal in the history of jazz. In Chicago the predominately Sicilian neighborhood was called "Little Sicily" and in New Orleans it was "Little Palermo." One of the earliest, and among the most controversial, figures in jazz was Nick LaRocca, who was of Sicilian heritage.
wn.com/Sicilian_American -
Spanish people
The term Spanish people (or Spaniards) has two distinct meanings: Traditionally, it applies to people native to any part of Spain. More recently, it has also come to have a legal meaning, referring to people who hold Spanish citizenship.
Within Spain there are a number of nationalisms and regionalisms, reflecting the country's complex history. The official language of Spain is Spanish (also known as Castilian), a standard language based on the mediaeval dialect of the Castilians of north-central Spain. There are several commonly spoken regional languages. With the exception of Basque, the languages native to Spain are Romance languages.
There are substantial populations outside Spain with ancestors who emigrated from Spain; most notably in Latin America.
The earliest modern humans inhabiting Spain are believed to have been Neolithic peoples who may have arrived in the Iberian Peninsula as early as 35,000–40,000 years ago. In more recent times the Iberians are believed to have arrived or developed in the region between the 4th millennium BC and the 3rd millennium BC, initially settling along the Mediterranean coast. Celts settled in Spain during the Iron Age. Some of those tribes in North-central Spain, which had cultural contact with the Iberians, are called Celtiberians. In addition, a group known as the Tartessians and later Turdetanians inhabited southwestern Spain and who are believed to have developed a separate civilization of Phoenician influence. The seafaring Phoenicians, Greeks, and Carthaginians successively founded trading colonies along the Mediterranean coast over a period of several centuries. The Second Punic War between the Carthaginians and Romans was fought mainly in what is now Spain and Portugal.
wn.com/Spanish_people -
Theodoric the Great
Theoderic the Great (Gothic: Þiudareiks; Latin: Flāvius Theodericus; Greek: Θευδέριχος, Theuderikhos; Old English: Þēodrīc; Old Norse: Þjōðrēkr, Þīðrēkr; 454 – August 30, 526) was king of the Ostrogoths (471–526), ruler of Italy (493–526), regent of the Visigoths (511–526), and a viceroy of the Eastern Roman Empire. His Gothic name Þiudareiks translates into "people-king" or "ruler of the people".
A son of King Theodemir, an Amali nobleman, Theoderic was born in Pannonia, after his people had defeated the Huns at the Battle of Nedao. Growing up as a hostage in Constantinople, Theoderic received a privileged education, and succeeded his father as leader of the Pannonian Ostrogoths in 471 AD. Settling his people in lower Moesia, Theoderic came in conflict with Thracian Ostrogoths led by Theoderic Strabo, whom he eventually supplanted, uniting the peoples in 484.
Subsequently, Byzantine Emperor Zeno gave him the title of Patrician and the office of Magister militum (master of the soldiers), and even appointed him as Roman Consul. Trying to achieve further aims, Theoderic frequently ravaged the provinces of the Eastern Roman Empire, eventually threatening Constantinople itself. In 488, Emperor Zeno ordered Theoderic to overthrow the German usurper Odoacer, who had established himself as King of Italy. After a victorious three-year long war, Theoderic killed Odoacer with his own hands, settled his 100,000 to 200,000 people in Italy, and founded a Kingdom based in Ravenna. Although promoting separation between the Arian Ostrogoths and the Roman population, Theoderic stressed the importance of racial harmony. Seeking to restore the glory of Ancient Rome, he ruled Italy in its most peaceful and prosperous period since Valentinian, until his death in 526. Memories of his reign made him a hero of Germanic legend as Dietrich von Bern.
wn.com/Theodoric_the_Great -
Umberto Boccioni
Umberto Boccioni (Italian pronunciation: [umˈbɛrto botˈtʃoːni]; 19 October 1882 – 17 August 1916) was an Italian painter and sculptor. Like other Futurists, his work centered on the portrayal of movement (dynamism), speed, and technology. He was born in Reggio Calabria, Italy.
A native of Reggio (southern Calabria), Boccioni studied art through the Scuola Libera del Nudo at the Accademia di Belle Arti in Rome, beginning in 1901. He also studied design with a sign painter in Rome. Together with his friend Gino Severini, he became a student of Giacomo Balla, a divisionist painter. In 1906, Boccioni studied Impressionist and Post-Impressionist styles in Paris. During the late 1906 and early 1907, he shortly took drawing classes at the Accademia di Belle Arti in Venice. In 1901, Boccioni first visited the Famiglia Artistica, a society for artists in Milan. After moving there in 1907, he became acquainted with fellow Futurists, including the famous poet Filippo Tommaso Marinetti. The two artists would later join with others in writing manifestos on Futurism.
wn.com/Umberto_Boccioni -
Valentino Garavani
Valentino Clemente Ludovico Garavani (born May 11 1932), best known as Valentino, is an Italian fashion designer and founder of the Valentino SpA brand and company. His main lines were Valentino, Valentino Garavani, Valentino Roma, and R.E.D. Valentino.
Valentino became interested in fashion while in primary school in his native Voghera, Lombardy, northern Italy, when he apprenticed under his aunt Rosa and local designer Ernestina Salvadeo, an aunt of noted artist Aldo Giorgini. Valentino then moved to Paris to pursue this interest with the help of his mother Teresa de Biaggi and his father Mauro Garavani. There he studied at the École des Beaux-Arts and at the Chambre Syndicale de la Couture Parisienne.
His first choice for an apprenticeship, in Paris, was Jacques Fath, then Balenciaga. He found an apprenticeship with Jean Desses where he helped style icon Countess Jacqueline de Ribes sketch her dress ideas. He then joined Guy Laroche for 2 years. At Jean Desses, Valentino sketched furiously, between helping with window dressing and greeting clients for the daily 2:30 pm private showings. Most of his early sketches were lost. However, at a Rome exhibition in 1991 a smattering of them went on display and then-current clients such as Marie-Hélène de Rothschild and Elizabeth Taylor marveled that the DNA of Valentino's style was already apparent in the layers of white pleats and animal prints.
wn.com/Valentino_Garavani -
Vittorio Gassman
Vittorio Gassman Knight Grand Cross OMRI (born Gassmann; 1 September 1922 – 29 June 2000), popularly known as Il Mattatore, was an Italian theatre and film actor and director. He is considered one of the greatest Italian actors and is commonly recalled as an extremely professional, versatile, magnetic interpreter, whose long career includes both important productions as well as dozens of divertissements (which made him greatly popular).
He was born in Genoa to a German father, Heinrich Gassmann, and a Pisan Jewish mother, Luisa Ambron. While still very young he moved to Rome, where he attended the studies at the Accademia Nazionale d'Arte Drammatica.
Gassman's debut was in Milan, in 1942, with Alda Borelli in Niccodemi's Nemica (theatre), he then moved to Rome and the Teatro Eliseo joining Tino Carraro and Ernesto Calindri in a team that remained famous; with them he acted in a range of plays from bourgeois comedy to the sophisticated intellectual theatre. In 1946, he made his film debut in Preludio d'amore, the year after he appeared in five films. In 1948 he played in Riso amaro.
wn.com/Vittorio_Gassman -
Welsh Italians
Welsh Italians are an ethnic minority of Italian descent living in Wales. Welsh Italians refer to people who are born in Wales and of Italian descent. It can also refer to people of mixed Welsh and Italian descents. Most Italian immigration to Wales took place in the 19th and early 20th centuries, with the largest number of migrants settling in Glamorgan and Newport.
Italian immigrants to Wales, mainly originating in the Apennine Mountains and in particular the town of Bardi, established a network of cafés, ice cream parlours and fish and chip shops in Wales from the 1890s onwards. In the Rhondda Valley they became known as 'Bracchis' after an early café owner. The brothers Frank and Aldo Berni, who started in business in Merthyr Tydfil, went on to found the Berni Inn chain.
During the Second World War, Welsh-Italians without British citizenship were declared enemy aliens and a number were interned on the Isle of Man or in Canada. 53 Welsh Italians lost their lives in the sinking of the Arandora Star in 1940.
wn.com/Welsh_Italians -
World War I
World War I (WWI), which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939 (World War II), and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918. It involved all the world's great powers, which were assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies (based on the Triple Entente of the United Kingdom, France and Russia) and the Central Powers (originally centred around the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy; but, as Austria–Hungary had taken the offensive against the agreement, Italy did not enter into the war). These alliances both reorganised (Italy fought for the Allies), and expanded as more nations entered the war. Ultimately more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. More than 9 million combatants were killed, largely because of enormous increases in lethality of weapons, thanks to new technology, without corresponding improvements in protection or mobility. It was the sixth-deadliest conflict in world history, subsequently paving the way for various political changes such as revolutions in the nations involved.
wn.com/World_War_I
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Italian Stereotypes
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:27
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
YOUTUBE: www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Italian_Stereotypes
Eddie Murphy - Raw (Italians & Rocky)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:08
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
Eddie Murphy talking about Italians and Rocky movies! Alright Rockooooo, alright Slyyyyy!!!! Hilarious.
http://wn.com/Eddie_Murphy_Raw_Italians_Rocky
Eddie Murphy talking about Italians and Rocky movies! Alright Rockooooo, alright Slyyyyy!!!! Hilarious.
- published: 19 Nov 2006
- views: 5590882
- author: trellos007
Rude Italian Hand Gestures: explained by Skyscanner
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:52
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
Italians are famous for their hand gestures; Yara from Skyscanner explains how to insult someone in Italian. Get more travel tips and advice at: www.skyscanner.net
http://wn.com/Rude_Italian_Hand_Gestures_explained_by_Skyscanner
Italians are famous for their hand gestures; Yara from Skyscanner explains how to insult someone in Italian. Get more travel tips and advice at: www.skyscanner.net
- published: 18 Apr 2012
- views: 60540
- author: SkyscannerLtd
Aries Spears - Italians
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:39
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
from: aries spears - hollywood look im smiling 2011
http://wn.com/Aries_Spears_Italians
from: aries spears - hollywood look im smiling 2011
- published: 29 Jan 2012
- views: 387691
- author: deejaymupp
Our Contributions: The Italians in America
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:19
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
An excerpt from this critically acclaimed national TV special about the the history of Italian-Americans
http://wn.com/Our_Contributions_The_Italians_in_America
An excerpt from this critically acclaimed national TV special about the the history of Italian-Americans
- published: 19 Aug 2007
- views: 945909
- author: Marino Amoruso
Russell Peters talks about New York Italians
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:17
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
Guy on NewYork Italians. Rate, Comment, Suscribe, and Promote.
http://wn.com/Russell_Peters_talks_about_New_York_Italians
Guy on NewYork Italians. Rate, Comment, Suscribe, and Promote.
- published: 21 Mar 2009
- views: 2250999
- author: thefunnyguys3
Monty Python - Italian Lesson
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:29
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
from Monty Python's Flying Circus Season 1 - Episode 01 - Whither Canada? Recorded 07-06-69 , Aired 05-10-69 I'm slowly uploading the entire Flying Circus series... Got any requests?
http://wn.com/Monty_Python_Italian_Lesson
from Monty Python's Flying Circus Season 1 - Episode 01 - Whither Canada? Recorded 07-06-69 , Aired 05-10-69 I'm slowly uploading the entire Flying Circus series... Got any requests?
- published: 16 Dec 2006
- views: 452438
- author: Chadner
Italian/Brooklyn man asks me out
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:30
- Updated: 28 Jan 2013
www.FunnyChloeMichelle.com I retell the Italian man story. UPDATE The Italian man ends up on a date! See my new video: Italian/Brooklyn man on date!
http://wn.com/Italian_Brooklyn_man_asks_me_out
www.FunnyChloeMichelle.com I retell the Italian man story. UPDATE The Italian man ends up on a date! See my new video: Italian/Brooklyn man on date!
- published: 13 Aug 2009
- views: 528220
- author: FunnyChloeMichelle
Italian Spiderman Trailer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:19
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
ITALIAN SPIDERMAN IS DEAD Greetings friends, For a number of reasons, mostly evil ones, there will be no more Italian Spiderman. May his legacy live on forever in the ageless capsule of hyperspace. With him, also, dies Alrugo. Thank you for all the love you have sent towards the hero in the red turtleneck. We are deeply sorry that we cannot bring you any more of his antics, however we assure you, by no means have we stopped creating. After a tumultuous journey, we, Dario Russo (Director of Italian Spiderman) and David Ashby (Italian Spiderman himself) have formed a new company, named: DINOSAUR We apologise for the long, long radio silence, but we felt it would be wrong to make any false promises and or presentations until we had a new a worthy product to bestow upon you, so with great fanfare, we present for your titillation, the first title under the DINOSAUR banner: "DANGER 5" You can watch the Danger 5 trailer on the Dinosaur YouTube page. youtube.com/dinosaurworldwide And we welcome you to visit Dinosaur's homestead on the Interweb: www.dinosaurworldwide.com It has been far too long dear friends. We hope you enjoy the new and exotic stones of entertainment that we have harvested from the earth and painstakingly refined for your pleasure, and it is a joy to return to your company amongst the bosom of the information superhighway. You'll be hearing more from us. Stay posted. Yours truly, DINOSAUR (24/10/11) - - - - - - - - - Alrugo Entertainment, bring you: ITALIAN ...
http://wn.com/Italian_Spiderman_Trailer
ITALIAN SPIDERMAN IS DEAD Greetings friends, For a number of reasons, mostly evil ones, there will be no more Italian Spiderman. May his legacy live on forever in the ageless capsule of hyperspace. With him, also, dies Alrugo. Thank you for all the love you have sent towards the hero in the red turtleneck. We are deeply sorry that we cannot bring you any more of his antics, however we assure you, by no means have we stopped creating. After a tumultuous journey, we, Dario Russo (Director of Italian Spiderman) and David Ashby (Italian Spiderman himself) have formed a new company, named: DINOSAUR We apologise for the long, long radio silence, but we felt it would be wrong to make any false promises and or presentations until we had a new a worthy product to bestow upon you, so with great fanfare, we present for your titillation, the first title under the DINOSAUR banner: "DANGER 5" You can watch the Danger 5 trailer on the Dinosaur YouTube page. youtube.com/dinosaurworldwide And we welcome you to visit Dinosaur's homestead on the Interweb: www.dinosaurworldwide.com It has been far too long dear friends. We hope you enjoy the new and exotic stones of entertainment that we have harvested from the earth and painstakingly refined for your pleasure, and it is a joy to return to your company amongst the bosom of the information superhighway. You'll be hearing more from us. Stay posted. Yours truly, DINOSAUR (24/10/11) - - - - - - - - - Alrugo Entertainment, bring you: ITALIAN ...
- published: 08 Nov 2007
- views: 4617712
- author: dariotown
Scena film Italians (Carlo Verdone)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:13
- Updated: 24 Jan 2013
Scena con Carlo Verdone tratta dal secondo episodio (La vita è troppo breve per NON essere Italiani) del film Italians.
http://wn.com/Scena_film_Italians_Carlo_Verdone
Scena con Carlo Verdone tratta dal secondo episodio (La vita è troppo breve per NON essere Italiani) del film Italians.
- published: 11 May 2011
- views: 202277
- author: TheBiagio992
Family Guy - Speaking Italian
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:43
- Updated: 31 Jan 2013
Peter tries to speak Italian at a local Italian grocery.
http://wn.com/Family_Guy_Speaking_Italian
Peter tries to speak Italian at a local Italian grocery.
- published: 12 Mar 2008
- views: 35189446
- author: huluDotCom
Italian speaks english
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:13
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
for all italian people out there who think i hate italians: i just like the video, if it would be with german accent i would have added it as well, so come down. it just shows communication problems if pronounciation is not exact, don't take it personally. italian girls are beautiful, and the guys are cool, i love the country, absolutely no reason to hate me:D
http://wn.com/Italian_speaks_english
for all italian people out there who think i hate italians: i just like the video, if it would be with german accent i would have added it as well, so come down. it just shows communication problems if pronounciation is not exact, don't take it personally. italian girls are beautiful, and the guys are cool, i love the country, absolutely no reason to hate me:D
- published: 28 Apr 2008
- views: 993166
- author: Tobias Bauernhof
What American English sounds like to non-English speakers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:03
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
Prisecolinensinenciousol, a parody by Adriano Celentano for the Italian TV programme Mileluci is sung entirely in gibberish designed to sound like American English. If you've ever wondered what other people think Americans sound like, this is it.
http://wn.com/What_American_English_sounds_like_to_non-English_speakers
Prisecolinensinenciousol, a parody by Adriano Celentano for the Italian TV programme Mileluci is sung entirely in gibberish designed to sound like American English. If you've ever wondered what other people think Americans sound like, this is it.
- published: 18 Dec 2009
- views: 2025963
- author: philosophiste
Uprising - Muse make fun of an italian tv show in this "live" performance - hilarious!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:56
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
The rock band was forced to play in playback during an italian tv show about football "Quelli che il Calcio". So Muse decided to exchange their instruments and positions. The singer became a drummer, the drummer sang and played bass, and the guy who usually play the bass played guitar and keyboard. Nobody (in the tv show) noticed the difference. Futhermore at the end of that fantastic performance the hostess interviewed the drummer that still acting like the singer talked about his friend matthew at the drum (he his the real singer). PS. sorry for not perfect english and remember that not all italians are ignorant and egocentric like the staff of that show
http://wn.com/Uprising_Muse_make_fun_of_an_italian_tv_show_in_this_live_performance_hilarious!
The rock band was forced to play in playback during an italian tv show about football "Quelli che il Calcio". So Muse decided to exchange their instruments and positions. The singer became a drummer, the drummer sang and played bass, and the guy who usually play the bass played guitar and keyboard. Nobody (in the tv show) noticed the difference. Futhermore at the end of that fantastic performance the hostess interviewed the drummer that still acting like the singer talked about his friend matthew at the drum (he his the real singer). PS. sorry for not perfect english and remember that not all italians are ignorant and egocentric like the staff of that show
- published: 21 Sep 2009
- views: 1251844
- author: madoblink182
Italian 101 - Greetings - Level One
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:22
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
Learn Italian with The Travel Linguist. This is Italian 101 - Greetings - Level One. Subscribe to our travellinguist channel or visit travellinguist.com to learn more words and phrases in many languages.
http://wn.com/Italian_101_Greetings_Level_One
Learn Italian with The Travel Linguist. This is Italian 101 - Greetings - Level One. Subscribe to our travellinguist channel or visit travellinguist.com to learn more words and phrases in many languages.
- published: 02 Jul 2009
- views: 366328
- author: travellinguist
Time Shift - Italian Noir: The Story of Italian Crime Fiction
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 58:40
- Updated: 23 Jan 2013
Documentary which profiles a new wave of Italian crime fiction that has emerged to challenge the conventions of the detective novel. There are no happy endings in these noir tales, only revelations about Italy's dark heart - a world of corruption, unsolved murders and the mafia. The programme features exclusive interviews with the leading writers from this new wave of noir, including Andrea Camilleri (creator of the Inspector Montablano Mysteries) and Giancarlo De Cataldo (Romanzo Criminale), who explains how his work as a real-life investigating judge inspired his work. From the other side of the law, Massimo Carlotto talks about how his novels were shaped by his wrongful conviction for murder and years spent on the run from the police. The film also looks at the roots of this new wave. Carlo Emilio Gadda (That Awful Mess) used the detective novel to expose the corruption that existed during Mussolini's fascist regime and then, after the Second World War, Leonardo Sciascia's crime novels (The Day of The Owl) tackled the rise of the Sicilian mafia. These writers established the rules of a new kind of noir that drew on real events and offered no neat endings. Also featuring Italian writers Carlo Lucarelli and Barbara Baraldi, the film uses rarely seen archive from Italian television. Production : BBC Four
http://wn.com/Time_Shift_Italian_Noir_The_Story_of_Italian_Crime_Fiction
Documentary which profiles a new wave of Italian crime fiction that has emerged to challenge the conventions of the detective novel. There are no happy endings in these noir tales, only revelations about Italy's dark heart - a world of corruption, unsolved murders and the mafia. The programme features exclusive interviews with the leading writers from this new wave of noir, including Andrea Camilleri (creator of the Inspector Montablano Mysteries) and Giancarlo De Cataldo (Romanzo Criminale), who explains how his work as a real-life investigating judge inspired his work. From the other side of the law, Massimo Carlotto talks about how his novels were shaped by his wrongful conviction for murder and years spent on the run from the police. The film also looks at the roots of this new wave. Carlo Emilio Gadda (That Awful Mess) used the detective novel to expose the corruption that existed during Mussolini's fascist regime and then, after the Second World War, Leonardo Sciascia's crime novels (The Day of The Owl) tackled the rise of the Sicilian mafia. These writers established the rules of a new kind of noir that drew on real events and offered no neat endings. Also featuring Italian writers Carlo Lucarelli and Barbara Baraldi, the film uses rarely seen archive from Italian television. Production : BBC Four
- published: 09 Mar 2011
- views: 15710
- author: kailiki
The Italian Man Who went to Malta.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:13
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
My second video...
http://wn.com/The_Italian_Man_Who_went_to_Malta
Fergie-Be Italian
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:50
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
Dance of Fergie (Saraghina) from the movie "Nine"
http://wn.com/Fergie-Be_Italian
Dance of Fergie (Saraghina) from the movie "Nine"
- published: 07 Feb 2010
- views: 2822802
- author: tazmanko
Holly and the Italians
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:38
- Updated: 22 Jan 2013
Holly and the Italians live on the Old Grey Whistle Test
http://wn.com/Holly_and_the_Italians
Holly and the Italians live on the Old Grey Whistle Test
- published: 13 Mar 2007
- views: 45182
- author: BikingDirect
Bruno Bozzetto-differences between Italians and Germans.flv
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:42
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
http://wn.com/Bruno_Bozzetto-differences_between_Italians_and_Germansflv
![[BRUNO BOZZETTO] ITALIANS VS EUROPEANS](http://web.archive.org./web/20130131032837im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/HHWBL9_alKs/default.jpg "[BRUNO BOZZETTO] ITALIANS VS EUROPEANS")
[BRUNO BOZZETTO] ITALIANS VS EUROPEANS
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:07
- Updated: 28 Jan 2013
ANIMATION: BRUNO BOZZETTO
http://wn.com/_BRUNO_BOZZETTO_ITALIANS_VS_EUROPEANS
Italian Hand Gestures PART 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:42
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
Many people don't know that 50% of the Italian language is spoken, while the other 50% is communicated through a specific code of hand gestures..watch this video to find out!
http://wn.com/Italian_Hand_Gestures_PART_1
Many people don't know that 50% of the Italian language is spoken, while the other 50% is communicated through a specific code of hand gestures..watch this video to find out!
- published: 03 Sep 2008
- views: 408398
- author: NadasItaly
The Italian Solution - Italy
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 26:07
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
August 2009 Thanks to strict new laws turning unauthorised migration into a criminal offence and a controversial deal with Libya, Italy is cracking down on immigration. Tough but necessary or just plain racist? Look at them - ugly mugs! a citizen patrol group is targeting immigrants. Groups like these are now legal and meant to help the police fight drug dealers. Some residents are sceptical: We should integrate those people, not hunt them down. But others welcome the new laws. No more Mr Nice guy, were fed up! Negative press has turned immigration into a devil in the publics eye but it seems Italians no longer need to fear: the government has closed the gateway to Europe. Libya is preventing migrants from leaving and Italy's pushing back boats intercepted near Lampedusa. The need for political asylum is not considered. Most drastically, doctors are now obliged to report migrants without documents to the authorities. I think it's a stupid law, says this MSF doctor, almost all of us will take no notice.
http://wn.com/The_Italian_Solution_Italy
August 2009 Thanks to strict new laws turning unauthorised migration into a criminal offence and a controversial deal with Libya, Italy is cracking down on immigration. Tough but necessary or just plain racist? Look at them - ugly mugs! a citizen patrol group is targeting immigrants. Groups like these are now legal and meant to help the police fight drug dealers. Some residents are sceptical: We should integrate those people, not hunt them down. But others welcome the new laws. No more Mr Nice guy, were fed up! Negative press has turned immigration into a devil in the publics eye but it seems Italians no longer need to fear: the government has closed the gateway to Europe. Libya is preventing migrants from leaving and Italy's pushing back boats intercepted near Lampedusa. The need for political asylum is not considered. Most drastically, doctors are now obliged to report migrants without documents to the authorities. I think it's a stupid law, says this MSF doctor, almost all of us will take no notice.
- published: 10 Aug 2009
- views: 35671
- author: journeymanpictures
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BOTTIN - No Static (Main Mix) - Italians Do It Better 2009
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:30
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
BOTTIN - No Static (Main Mix) 12" on Italians Do It Better IDIB 014 (2009)
http://wn.com/BOTTIN_No_Static_Main_Mix_Italians_Do_It_Better_2009
BOTTIN - No Static (Main Mix) 12" on Italians Do It Better IDIB 014 (2009)
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 28369
- author: Glitzzz69
Bubonic Plague "Sal's Tropical Depression"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:12
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Music Video
http://wn.com/Bubonic_Plague_Sal's_Tropical_Depression
FACT TV: Glass Candy - 'Computer Love'
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:17
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
(This is not live)- Footage of Glass Candy at Cargo, London on 8th May 2008 with their cover of Kraftwerk's 'Computer Love'.
http://wn.com/FACT_TV_Glass_Candy_'Computer_Love'
(This is not live)- Footage of Glass Candy at Cargo, London on 8th May 2008 with their cover of Kraftwerk's 'Computer Love'.
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 255488
- author: Glitzzz69
Nite Jewel - Artificial Intelligence
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:49
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Nite Jewel video for the song 'Aritificial Intelligence'. Directed by Travis Peterson. Edited by Emily Kuntz. Shot on July 14th, 2008. Special thanks to: Brian, Kate, Courtney, Summer and Emily.
Hi Res version at:
http://www.travisjpeterson.com/aritificialintelligenceembed.html
www.humanearmusic.com
www.travisjpeterson.com
http://wn.com/Nite_Jewel_Artificial_Intelligence
Nite Jewel video for the song 'Aritificial Intelligence'. Directed by Travis Peterson. Edited by Emily Kuntz. Shot on July 14th, 2008. Special thanks to: Brian, Kate, Courtney, Summer and Emily.
Hi Res version at:
http://www.travisjpeterson.com/aritificialintelligenceembed.html
www.humanearmusic.com
www.travisjpeterson.com
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 171325
- author: Glitzzz69
Ssion - Clown (Glass Candy Alternate Mix) Remix
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:33
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
remixed by livedavid
http://wn.com/Ssion_Clown_Glass_Candy_Alternate_Mix_Remix
Chromatics - Healer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:56
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
from "NIGHT DRIVE" 2007
http://wn.com/Chromatics_Healer
Gina X - No GDM GIGOLO 108 2003
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:55
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Gina X - No G.D.M.
Label:International Deejay Gigolo Records
Catalog#:GIGOLO 108
Format:Vinyl, 12"
Country:Germany
Released:29 Aug 2003
Genre:Electronic
Style:Techno, Synth-pop
Notes:Original released first on EMI in 1979.
Tracklisting:
A1 No G.D.M. (Original Version)
A2 No G.D.M. (Cat O'Nine Tales Heavy Guitar Remix)
Remix - Cat O'Nine Tale
B1 No G.D.M. (Psychonauts Remix)
Remix - Psychonauts
B2 No G.D.M. (Headman Remix)
Remix - Headman (2)
http://wn.com/Gina_X_No_GDM_GIGOLO_108_2003
Gina X - No G.D.M.
Label:International Deejay Gigolo Records
Catalog#:GIGOLO 108
Format:Vinyl, 12"
Country:Germany
Released:29 Aug 2003
Genre:Electronic
Style:Techno, Synth-pop
Notes:Original released first on EMI in 1979.
Tracklisting:
A1 No G.D.M. (Original Version)
A2 No G.D.M. (Cat O'Nine Tales Heavy Guitar Remix)
Remix - Cat O'Nine Tale
B1 No G.D.M. (Psychonauts Remix)
Remix - Psychonauts
B2 No G.D.M. (Headman Remix)
Remix - Headman (2)
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 17161
- author: Glitzzz69
Gary Wilson - Linda Wants to be Alone
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:40
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
http://www.thehighhat.com/Pop&Clicks;/002/gary_wilson.html
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cqnEurpj8ng
http://www.stonesthrow.com/
http://wn.com/Gary_Wilson_Linda_Wants_to_be_Alone
http://www.thehighhat.com/Pop&Clicks;/002/gary_wilson.html
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cqnEurpj8ng
http://www.stonesthrow.com/
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 44555
- author: Glitzzz69
Geneva Jacuzzi - Love Caboose
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:09
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Geneva Jacuzzi
Video for the song 'Love Caboose'. Directed by Travis Peterson. Director of Photography: Nick Amato. Shot on June 6th 2008 in Rocket Films Studio, Downtown Los Angeles. Special thanks Tudor Bolloni, Stuart Cropley, Cole, and John Tucker.
HiRes version at: http://www.travisjpeterson.com/lovecabooseembed.html
www.humanearmusic.com
www.travisjpeterson.com
Be careful not to look into her eyes or you might get... stoned.
http://wn.com/Geneva_Jacuzzi_Love_Caboose
Geneva Jacuzzi
Video for the song 'Love Caboose'. Directed by Travis Peterson. Director of Photography: Nick Amato. Shot on June 6th 2008 in Rocket Films Studio, Downtown Los Angeles. Special thanks Tudor Bolloni, Stuart Cropley, Cole, and John Tucker.
HiRes version at: http://www.travisjpeterson.com/lovecabooseembed.html
www.humanearmusic.com
www.travisjpeterson.com
Be careful not to look into her eyes or you might get... stoned.
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 182204
- author: Glitzzz69
Ariel Pink "Politely Declined"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:48
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Ariel Pink's Haunted Graffiti "Scared Famous" track
http://www.arielpink.com
Directed by Eric Fensler
http://wn.com/Ariel_Pink_Politely_Declined
Ariel Pink's Haunted Graffiti "Scared Famous" track
http://www.arielpink.com
Directed by Eric Fensler
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 268698
- author: Glitzzz69
SSION: A WOLVES EYE (OFFICIAL MUSIC VIDEO)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:39
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
SSION's official music video for "A WOLVES EYE"
http://wn.com/SSION_A_WOLVES_EYE_OFFICIAL_MUSIC_VIDEO
SSION's official music video for "A WOLVES EYE"
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 32949
- author: Glitzzz69
Geneva Jacuzzi - Runaway DNA live in SF 3/7/08
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:46
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
in San Francisco's China Town at the Lipo Lounge for Mushroom International Presents: Mini Pops' Friday night with Ariel Pink, Nate Boyce and art happening by Leslie Kulesh, Jason Yates (Fast Friends Inc.), Ringo, Chris Lux, Matt Fishbeck, Erik Seidenglanz and Julia Holter. Shot my Myles Cooper of The Passionistas.
http://wn.com/Geneva_Jacuzzi_Runaway_DNA_live_in_SF_3_7_08
in San Francisco's China Town at the Lipo Lounge for Mushroom International Presents: Mini Pops' Friday night with Ariel Pink, Nate Boyce and art happening by Leslie Kulesh, Jason Yates (Fast Friends Inc.), Ringo, Chris Lux, Matt Fishbeck, Erik Seidenglanz and Julia Holter. Shot my Myles Cooper of The Passionistas.
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 7161
- author: Glitzzz69
Glass Candy - Digital Versicolor
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:13
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
New video from New Jersey duo Glass Candy, released on Italians Do It Better Records.
Links:
http://www.crystalmigraine.co.uk
http://www.myspace.com/glasscandy
http://vivaitalians.blogspot.com
http://www.myspace.com/italiansdoitbetterrecords
http://wn.com/Glass_Candy_Digital_Versicolor
New video from New Jersey duo Glass Candy, released on Italians Do It Better Records.
Links:
http://www.crystalmigraine.co.uk
http://www.myspace.com/glasscandy
http://vivaitalians.blogspot.com
http://www.myspace.com/italiansdoitbetterrecords
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 580222
- author: Glitzzz69
Invisible Conga People - Cable Dazed
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:11
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Invisible Conga People - Cable Dazed
http://wn.com/Invisible_Conga_People_Cable_Dazed
Geneva Jacuzzi - Group Dynamic
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:25
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
fast friends inc. production 2008
http://wn.com/Geneva_Jacuzzi_Group_Dynamic
John Maus - Tenebrae
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:05
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
A music video for John Maus' track 'Tenebrae' ... From his upcoming album 'LOVE IS REAL', visit http://www.upsettherhythm.co.uk/index.html for more info!
http://wn.com/John_Maus_Tenebrae
A music video for John Maus' track 'Tenebrae' ... From his upcoming album 'LOVE IS REAL', visit http://www.upsettherhythm.co.uk/index.html for more info!
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 68041
- author: Glitzzz69
Gary Wilson "Gary's In The Park"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:12
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
The legendary Gary Wilson putting it down in the 2006.
http://wn.com/Gary_Wilson_Gary's_In_The_Park
The legendary Gary Wilson putting it down in the 2006.
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 82565
- author: Glitzzz69
Ariel Pink's Haunted Graffiti - "Make Room for Harry"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:29
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
from Haunted Graffiti 4: Fast Forward
http://wn.com/Ariel_Pink's_Haunted_Graffiti_Make_Room_for_Harry
bubonic plague "robots tourettes"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:24
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
weirdos, music, anti, parental, pre-natal, masters of ceremony, trophys, diatribes,diabetes, miniatures, minions, onion rings, cheeseburgers, rug burns, wigs, crabs AND red lobsters, crips, bloods, and all the fixin"s
http://wn.com/bubonic_plague_robots_tourettes
weirdos, music, anti, parental, pre-natal, masters of ceremony, trophys, diatribes,diabetes, miniatures, minions, onion rings, cheeseburgers, rug burns, wigs, crabs AND red lobsters, crips, bloods, and all the fixin"s
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 9182
- author: Glitzzz69
Ariel Pink "Don't talk to Strangers"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:05
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
This track needs to be on You-Tube. So I made up a video. I can imagine it covered by artists like Frankie Goes to Hollywood & Butthole Surfers ! I hope it inspires you as much as it does for me.
(more)
http://wn.com/Ariel_Pink_Don't_talk_to_Strangers
This track needs to be on You-Tube. So I made up a video. I can imagine it covered by artists like Frankie Goes to Hollywood & Butthole Surfers ! I hope it inspires you as much as it does for me.
(more)
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 62174
- author: Glitzzz69
Geneva Jacuzzi "Sand Trap" 2008 by jason yates
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:11
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
In all, 5 different videos were produced to function as projections to coincide with Geneva Jacuzzi's live performances during this period. (see the video response below )
http://wn.com/Geneva_Jacuzzi_Sand_Trap_2008_by_jason_yates
In all, 5 different videos were produced to function as projections to coincide with Geneva Jacuzzi's live performances during this period. (see the video response below )
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 3527
- author: Glitzzz69
Ariel Pink - Gray Sunset
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:39
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Ariel Pink
Video for the song Gray Sunset from the album the Doldrums. Directed by Travis Peterson. Shot in Chinatown, Los Angeles May 3rd 2008. Special thanks to Nicolas Amato, Tudor Bolloni, Kenny Brown, Stuart Cropley, Justin Corrigan, Eric Fensler, and Jay Rajeck.
HiRes version at:
http://www.travisjpeterson.com/graysunsetembed.html
www.vinylinternational.com
www.paw-tracks.com
www.arielpink.com
http://www.humanearmusic.com/
http://wn.com/Ariel_Pink_Gray_Sunset
Ariel Pink
Video for the song Gray Sunset from the album the Doldrums. Directed by Travis Peterson. Shot in Chinatown, Los Angeles May 3rd 2008. Special thanks to Nicolas Amato, Tudor Bolloni, Kenny Brown, Stuart Cropley, Justin Corrigan, Eric Fensler, and Jay Rajeck.
HiRes version at:
http://www.travisjpeterson.com/graysunsetembed.html
www.vinylinternational.com
www.paw-tracks.com
www.arielpink.com
http://www.humanearmusic.com/
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 322826
- author: Glitzzz69
Bubonic Plague "Dracula"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:39
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
its the video
http://wn.com/Bubonic_Plague_Dracula
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Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 1 part 1/2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:35
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_1_part_1_2
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 29975
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 1 part 2/2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:23
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_1_part_2_2
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 10866
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 2 part 1/2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:56
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_2_part_1_2
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 8228
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 2 part 2/2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:30
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_2_part_2_2
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 4867
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 3 part 1/3
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:47
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_3_part_1_3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 4947
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 3 part 2/3
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:55
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_3_part_2_3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 3128
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 3 part 3/3
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:57
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_3_part_3_3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 3552
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 4 part 1/4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:42
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_4_part_1_4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 8294
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 4 part 2/4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:03
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_4_part_2_4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 5526
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 5 part 1/3
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:54
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_5_part_1_3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 2939
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 4 part 3/4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:12
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_4_part_3_4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 2722
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 4 part 4/4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:19
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_4_part_4_4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 2440
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 5 part 2/3
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:20
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_5_part_2_3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 2576
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 5 part 3/3
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:55
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_5_part_3_3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 1954
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 6 part 1/4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:17
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_6_part_1_4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 2141
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 6 part 2/4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:25
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_6_part_2_4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 1876
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 6 part 3/4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:53
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_6_part_3_4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 1877
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 6 part 4/4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:52
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_6_part_4_4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 1777
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 7 part 1/4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:39
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_7_part_1_4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 2234
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 7 part 2/4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:25
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_7_part_2_4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 1693
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 7 part 3/4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:52
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_7_part_3_4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 1671
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 7 part 4/4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:56
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_7_part_4_4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 1383
- author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 8 part 1/4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:33
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
http://wn.com/Corso_di_Inglese_per_Italiani_English_for_Italians_Unit_8_part_1_4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 1856
- author: raffaelebaldini
Send this Playlist by SMS
Email this Page
italians scena finale carlo verdone con colonna sonora "meraviglioso"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:35
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
bellissima scena del film italians con carlo verdone e con colonna sonora dei negramaro "meravigliosa
http://wn.com/italians_scena_finale_carlo_verdone_con_colonna_sonora_meraviglioso
bellissima scena del film italians con carlo verdone e con colonna sonora dei negramaro "meravigliosa
- published: 17 Jul 2011
- views: 25257
- author: chemasll1
Italians Incontro tra verdone e la prostituta
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:22
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Verdone incontra la prostituta masochista.
http://wn.com/Italians_Incontro_tra_verdone_e_la_prostituta
Italians (Italianos) trailer 2009
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:29
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Trailer oficial de la película Italians (italianos) protagonizada por Riccardo Scamarcio, Sergio Castellitto y Carlo Verdone.
Video de la primera página web y fanclub de Riccardo Scamarcio en español, http://www.scamarciospain.es
http://wn.com/Italians_Italianos_trailer_2009
Trailer oficial de la película Italians (italianos) protagonizada por Riccardo Scamarcio, Sergio Castellitto y Carlo Verdone.
Video de la primera página web y fanclub de Riccardo Scamarcio en español, http://www.scamarciospain.es
- published: 17 Jul 2011
- views: 2467
- author: chemasll1
dal film: Italians - S. Castellitto & Scamarcio
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:09
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
quando il rumore diventa poesia..
http://wn.com/dal_film_Italians_S_Castellitto_Scamarcio
ITALIANS
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:11
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
VIDEOBOOK di Mauro Marchese
Regia: Giovanni Veronesi
con Carlo Verdone,
Riccardo Scamarcio,
Sergio Castellitto.
http://wn.com/ITALIANS
VIDEOBOOK di Mauro Marchese
Regia: Giovanni Veronesi
con Carlo Verdone,
Riccardo Scamarcio,
Sergio Castellitto.
- published: 29 Sep 2011
- views: 11339
- author: chemasll1
Send this Playlist by SMS
Email this Page
Intervista Kobe Bryant in italiano su Sportitalia 1^PARTE
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:41
- Updated: 18 Jan 2013
Intervista di Kobe Bryant in Italiano andata in onda su sportitalia l'8/04/07 durante la partita Lakers-Suns. Prima Parte Translation : Well, first this is a bit embarrassing for me because I'd started elementary school in Italy but I speak italian for many years and it was remained on me but few few so I did this interview in italian and in english...so can you ask me another time the question ? what's remained on you about the years passed in italy ? the passion, the passion for the life the passion to play basketball , the thing that you love to do for the whole life , always the passion. In italy there's the passion for the family , with the son with the whole important things for you...italy will have always a pieces of my heart where the lakers can go ? I don't know depends because we had many injured players during the season , they didn't played or only 20-5 games ,so we didn't played much games all togheter but now we are here and I hope that at the end of season 'surprise some people' . what or who miss the lakers to win a championship ? the things that miss .. we don't miss much , we are very near to be a team taht can win a championship maybe a player there or here ... but not much scorer or assistman, how born the choice ? it's only basketball , I think that when I play I watch only the things that happen during the game. I don't think to score or to pass the ball , I'm only watching the defense and watch the things that they are doing and if they give me a ...
http://wn.com/Intervista_Kobe_Bryant_in_italiano_su_Sportitalia_1^PARTE
Intervista di Kobe Bryant in Italiano andata in onda su sportitalia l'8/04/07 durante la partita Lakers-Suns. Prima Parte Translation : Well, first this is a bit embarrassing for me because I'd started elementary school in Italy but I speak italian for many years and it was remained on me but few few so I did this interview in italian and in english...so can you ask me another time the question ? what's remained on you about the years passed in italy ? the passion, the passion for the life the passion to play basketball , the thing that you love to do for the whole life , always the passion. In italy there's the passion for the family , with the son with the whole important things for you...italy will have always a pieces of my heart where the lakers can go ? I don't know depends because we had many injured players during the season , they didn't played or only 20-5 games ,so we didn't played much games all togheter but now we are here and I hope that at the end of season 'surprise some people' . what or who miss the lakers to win a championship ? the things that miss .. we don't miss much , we are very near to be a team taht can win a championship maybe a player there or here ... but not much scorer or assistman, how born the choice ? it's only basketball , I think that when I play I watch only the things that happen during the game. I don't think to score or to pass the ball , I'm only watching the defense and watch the things that they are doing and if they give me a ...
- published: 09 Apr 2007
- views: 853054
- author: Raffaello Panini
Kay Rush Interviews Frank Zappa for Italian TV 1980's
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:12
- Updated: 13 Jan 2013
Frank Zappa interviewed by Kay Rush for Television Italy
http://wn.com/Kay_Rush_Interviews_Frank_Zappa_for_Italian_TV_1980's
Frank Zappa interviewed by Kay Rush for Television Italy
- published: 10 Jun 2007
- views: 102260
- author: Kay Rush
euronews interview - Matteo Manassero: The future of Italian golf
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:04
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
www.euronews.com Matteo Manassero is a 19 year-old golfer from Verona, Italy and the youngest ever winner of a European Tour Open. In 2010, he won the Castelló Masters in Spain aged just 17 and since then has been crowned Rookie of the Year on the PGA European Tour and gone on to notch up his second European Tour trophy by winning the Malaysian Open. The Italian prodigy regularly takes part in the Grand Slam of Golf and despite occasionally playing in the PGA Tour, can more often than not be found on the European Tour. He's been named as the new 'Tiger Woods', however this has not been his greatest season to date. Nevertheless, Manassero has a bright future ahead of him and is determined to achieve his goals. Claudia Garcia met him as he practiced on a golf course in Turin, Italy. Euronews: "Matteo Manassero, let's talk about the battle between Rory McIlroy and Tiger Woods, a rivalry that has everybody captivated. Are you also following their progress on the tour?" Matteo Manassero: "Of course, I've been watching every tournament. They are fierce competitors. Rory is playing exceptionally well, and as we know he is the current number one. Tiger Woods has also been performing at his best, which means that we're seeing a great battle take place between both of them." E: "Who do you think will be more influential in the Ryder Cup, McIlroy for Europe or Woods for the United States?" M: "Rory would be fundamental for the European Team. He is a real star, and the Ryder Cup is ...
http://wn.com/euronews_interview_Matteo_Manassero_The_future_of_Italian_golf
www.euronews.com Matteo Manassero is a 19 year-old golfer from Verona, Italy and the youngest ever winner of a European Tour Open. In 2010, he won the Castelló Masters in Spain aged just 17 and since then has been crowned Rookie of the Year on the PGA European Tour and gone on to notch up his second European Tour trophy by winning the Malaysian Open. The Italian prodigy regularly takes part in the Grand Slam of Golf and despite occasionally playing in the PGA Tour, can more often than not be found on the European Tour. He's been named as the new 'Tiger Woods', however this has not been his greatest season to date. Nevertheless, Manassero has a bright future ahead of him and is determined to achieve his goals. Claudia Garcia met him as he practiced on a golf course in Turin, Italy. Euronews: "Matteo Manassero, let's talk about the battle between Rory McIlroy and Tiger Woods, a rivalry that has everybody captivated. Are you also following their progress on the tour?" Matteo Manassero: "Of course, I've been watching every tournament. They are fierce competitors. Rory is playing exceptionally well, and as we know he is the current number one. Tiger Woods has also been performing at his best, which means that we're seeing a great battle take place between both of them." E: "Who do you think will be more influential in the Ryder Cup, McIlroy for Europe or Woods for the United States?" M: "Rory would be fundamental for the European Team. He is a real star, and the Ryder Cup is ...
- published: 26 Sep 2012
- views: 886
- author: Euronews
Jack Kerouac, Interview (doc, subtitled in italian)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:45
- Updated: 17 Jan 2013
Jack Kerouac, interviewed by William F. Buckley, Jr. From a documentary on the soul of the Beat Generation. Beat, (a)politics, (non)hippies, drunkennes and television.. "Everything is going to the beat — It's the beat generation, it be-at, it's the beat to keep, it's the beat of the heart, it's being beat and down in the world and like oldtime lowdown and like in ancient civilizations the slave boatmen rowing galleys to a beat and servants spinning pottery to a beat..." Jack Kerouac - Desolation Angels
http://wn.com/Jack_Kerouac,_Interview_doc,_subtitled_in_italian
Jack Kerouac, interviewed by William F. Buckley, Jr. From a documentary on the soul of the Beat Generation. Beat, (a)politics, (non)hippies, drunkennes and television.. "Everything is going to the beat — It's the beat generation, it be-at, it's the beat to keep, it's the beat of the heart, it's being beat and down in the world and like oldtime lowdown and like in ancient civilizations the slave boatmen rowing galleys to a beat and servants spinning pottery to a beat..." Jack Kerouac - Desolation Angels
- published: 10 Feb 2009
- views: 102813
- author: allienato
euronews interview - Italy's Prime Minister speaks to Euronews
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:47
- Updated: 28 Nov 2012
www.euronews.net On his first EU summit, the new Italian Prime Minister Mario Monti was one of the protagonists of the long marathon to save the euro and strengthen fiscal discipline in member states. Monti played the role of mediator between Great Britain and the others, seeking agreement between the 27. Euronews Margerita Sforza spoke to him and first asked him if the agreement of the Council of Europe is enough to save the euro?
http://wn.com/euronews_interview_Italy's_Prime_Minister_speaks_to_Euronews
www.euronews.net On his first EU summit, the new Italian Prime Minister Mario Monti was one of the protagonists of the long marathon to save the euro and strengthen fiscal discipline in member states. Monti played the role of mediator between Great Britain and the others, seeking agreement between the 27. Euronews Margerita Sforza spoke to him and first asked him if the agreement of the Council of Europe is enough to save the euro?
- published: 10 Dec 2011
- views: 1012
- author: Euronews
Uprising - Muse make fun of an italian tv show in this "live" performance - hilarious!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:56
- Updated: 19 Jan 2013
The rock band was forced to play in playback during an italian tv show about football "Quelli che il Calcio". So Muse decided to exchange their instruments and positions. The singer became a drummer, the drummer sang and played bass, and the guy who usually play the bass played guitar and keyboard. Nobody (in the tv show) noticed the difference. Futhermore at the end of that fantastic performance the hostess interviewed the drummer that still acting like the singer talked about his friend matthew at the drum (he his the real singer). PS. sorry for not perfect english and remember that not all italians are ignorant and egocentric like the staff of that show
http://wn.com/Uprising_Muse_make_fun_of_an_italian_tv_show_in_this_live_performance_hilarious!
The rock band was forced to play in playback during an italian tv show about football "Quelli che il Calcio". So Muse decided to exchange their instruments and positions. The singer became a drummer, the drummer sang and played bass, and the guy who usually play the bass played guitar and keyboard. Nobody (in the tv show) noticed the difference. Futhermore at the end of that fantastic performance the hostess interviewed the drummer that still acting like the singer talked about his friend matthew at the drum (he his the real singer). PS. sorry for not perfect english and remember that not all italians are ignorant and egocentric like the staff of that show
- published: 21 Sep 2009
- views: 1244591
- author: madoblink182
EuroNews - EN - Interview - Beppe Grillo Italian comedian
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:59
- Updated: 23 Dec 2012
Until recently, Beppe Grillo was just another controversial Italian comedian. Now he is also the founder of V-Day in Italy. V doesn't stand for victory but the Italian equivalent of "Get Stuffed Day", or something a little more rude. He's raising the V-sign to what he calls grey-haired, corrupt, politicians advocating a revolution in Italian politics.
http://wn.com/EuroNews_EN_Interview_Beppe_Grillo_Italian_comedian
Until recently, Beppe Grillo was just another controversial Italian comedian. Now he is also the founder of V-Day in Italy. V doesn't stand for victory but the Italian equivalent of "Get Stuffed Day", or something a little more rude. He's raising the V-sign to what he calls grey-haired, corrupt, politicians advocating a revolution in Italian politics.
- published: 22 Sep 2007
- views: 99694
- author: Euronews
Multilingual interview with Luca - the Italian polyglot
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:32
- Updated: 13 Jan 2013
This is a short interview with Luca when he visited me in the United Kingdom. This video is in English, French, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, German, Dutch, Russian and Swedish
http://wn.com/Multilingual_interview_with_Luca_the_Italian_polyglot
This is a short interview with Luca when he visited me in the United Kingdom. This video is in English, French, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, German, Dutch, Russian and Swedish
- published: 26 May 2010
- views: 74173
- author: poliglotta80
euronews interview - Italy: towards deeper European integration
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:08
- Updated: 03 Dec 2012
www.euronews.com From the financial crisis and European integration to relations with Mediterranean countires and even the Arab uprisings, we met with the head of Italian Foreign Minister to answer some of our questions. Luigi Spinola, Euronews: Thank you for receiving euronews here at The Farnesina, the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Do you think the Council's European agreement at the end of June is sufficient to meet the urgent need for stabilisation in the euro area or will it serve another purpose? Giulio Terzi, Italian Foreign Affairs Minister: The agreement is enough. Italy and the Foreign Secretary (Monti) have contributed substantially to the agreements of the European Council, and consider them good decisions, which of course will be executed only in the context of the Eurogroup and Ecofin. Ecofin and Eurogroup will then define all the conditions of use of the firewall, because it was designed in relation to the excessive fluctuating spreads, which is particularly an issue for Italy, and we consider it a convincing measure, not only because it gives us a tool of intervention, but also by virtue of its existence. We know that financial markets are based largely on the expectations of investors and speculators. So having taken a measure of this type and knowing that it will be executed within a short period, is reassuring . Liugi Spinola: For Italy, what is or what should be the fine line between facing this crisis and boosting European construction? Giulio ...
http://wn.com/euronews_interview_Italy_towards_deeper_European_integration
www.euronews.com From the financial crisis and European integration to relations with Mediterranean countires and even the Arab uprisings, we met with the head of Italian Foreign Minister to answer some of our questions. Luigi Spinola, Euronews: Thank you for receiving euronews here at The Farnesina, the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Do you think the Council's European agreement at the end of June is sufficient to meet the urgent need for stabilisation in the euro area or will it serve another purpose? Giulio Terzi, Italian Foreign Affairs Minister: The agreement is enough. Italy and the Foreign Secretary (Monti) have contributed substantially to the agreements of the European Council, and consider them good decisions, which of course will be executed only in the context of the Eurogroup and Ecofin. Ecofin and Eurogroup will then define all the conditions of use of the firewall, because it was designed in relation to the excessive fluctuating spreads, which is particularly an issue for Italy, and we consider it a convincing measure, not only because it gives us a tool of intervention, but also by virtue of its existence. We know that financial markets are based largely on the expectations of investors and speculators. So having taken a measure of this type and knowing that it will be executed within a short period, is reassuring . Liugi Spinola: For Italy, what is or what should be the fine line between facing this crisis and boosting European construction? Giulio ...
- published: 20 Jul 2012
- views: 627
- author: Euronews
Antonia iacobescu & italian Vincenzo Castellano speaking on interview romanian language TV girls
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:03
- Updated: 18 Jan 2013
Antonia Iacobescu & italian Vincenzo Castellano interview interviu ~ romanian girls women italian men boys guys musica romena romena ragazze rumene speaking romanian language talking
http://wn.com/Antonia_iacobescu_italian_Vincenzo_Castellano_speaking_on_interview_romanian_language_TV_girls
Antonia Iacobescu & italian Vincenzo Castellano interview interviu ~ romanian girls women italian men boys guys musica romena romena ragazze rumene speaking romanian language talking
- published: 06 Mar 2011
- views: 447347
- author: romaniandays
Audrey Hepburn Italian Interview (Parte 2)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:38
- Updated: 16 Jan 2013
Language: Italian
http://wn.com/Audrey_Hepburn_Italian_Interview_Parte_2
Interview with Marina Marinovich, President of the Italian Society of Toxicology
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:50
- Updated: 18 Jan 2013
"No-calorie intense sweeteners: focus on safety of use" Rome, 11 January 2012 Interview with Marina Marinovich, President of the Italian Society of Toxicology
http://wn.com/Interview_with_Marina_Marinovich,_President_of_the_Italian_Society_of_Toxicology
"No-calorie intense sweeteners: focus on safety of use" Rome, 11 January 2012 Interview with Marina Marinovich, President of the Italian Society of Toxicology
- published: 30 Jan 2012
- views: 510891
- author: NFIDolcificanti
Take That - The Flood - Live@XFactor Italy 2010 + Interview
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:47
- Updated: 15 Jan 2013
Take That - The Flood - Live@XFactor Italy 2010 + Interview RaiDue (Italian TV) November 23, 2010
http://wn.com/Take_That_The_Flood_Live@XFactor_Italy_2010_+_Interview
Take That - The Flood - Live@XFactor Italy 2010 + Interview RaiDue (Italian TV) November 23, 2010
- published: 24 Nov 2010
- views: 193981
- author: kiteflyer553
Joseph Bonanno - 1983 TV Interview - 60 Minutes
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:48
- Updated: 18 Jan 2013
Property of 60 Minutes CBS News Video Owned by CBS News Corp Joseph "Don Pepino" Bonanno
http://wn.com/Joseph_Bonanno_1983_TV_Interview_60_Minutes
Property of 60 Minutes CBS News Video Owned by CBS News Corp Joseph "Don Pepino" Bonanno
- published: 09 Mar 2012
- views: 41866
- author: XIxItalianoxIX
MUSE HD!! "UPRISING" PLAYBACK VERY FUNNY AND CRAZY ON A ITALIAN TV & "INTERVIEW"!!! :D MATT PLAYS THE DRUMS!! DOM (THE BEST!! HA, HA, HA) PLAYS THE BASS AND SING!! AND CHRIS PLAY THE GUITAR AND KEYBOARDS!! "QUELLI CHE IL CALCIO PROGRAM" (20.09.2009)!!!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:50
- Updated: 16 Jan 2013
MUSE HD!! "UPRISING" PLAYBACK VERY FUNNY AND CRAZY ON A ITALIAN TV & "INTERVIEW"!!! :D MATT PLAYS THE DRUMS!! DOM (THE BEST!! HA, HA, HA) PLAYS THE BASS AND SING!! AND CHRIS PLAY THE GUITAR AND KEYBOARDS!! "QUELLI CHE IL CALCIO PROGRAM" (20.09.2009)!!! INTERVIEW TRANSLATION Q: So your new album (the resistance) it's been completely recorded between milan and the lake of como... you love our country, why you love italy?? A: It's a beautiful country, we love to be here.. and our drummer Matt lives in como, so we built a studio in italy, we had a lot of fun.... you can have a lot of creativity! Q: I know that one of you has an italian girlfriend, a psychologist... right? A: Yeah, our drummer.. Q: what is better? clooney's house or the drumme's house?? A: I think George's is better... it is huge.... Q: I had read that you love simphonic music, you have a 40 pieces orchestra here in Milan, why this mix between rock music and orchestral music? A: the band had a kind of influence by the piano and artists such as chopin and rachmaninov so we tried tho take an orchestra to do something different from the past... it's been amazing Q: you talk a lot about apocalypse and real problems, your album came out on 9/11... don't think is a coincidence A. oh no it's just a coincidence.. someone thinks about a conspiracy but we are in a different time, the world is different and there was no messages with the album release. Thanks to himynameismartino for the script. XAVI SH www.xavi-sh.com
http://wn.com/MUSE_HD!!_UPRISING_PLAYBACK_VERY_FUNNY_AND_CRAZY_ON_A_ITALIAN_TV_INTERVIEW!!!_D_MATT_PLAYS_THE_DRUMS!!_DOM_THE_BEST!!_HA,_HA,_HA_PLAYS_THE_BASS_AND_SING!!_AND_CHRIS_PLAY_THE_GUITAR_AND_KEYBOARDS!!_QUELLI_CHE_IL_CALCIO_PROGRAM_20092009!!!
MUSE HD!! "UPRISING" PLAYBACK VERY FUNNY AND CRAZY ON A ITALIAN TV & "INTERVIEW"!!! :D MATT PLAYS THE DRUMS!! DOM (THE BEST!! HA, HA, HA) PLAYS THE BASS AND SING!! AND CHRIS PLAY THE GUITAR AND KEYBOARDS!! "QUELLI CHE IL CALCIO PROGRAM" (20.09.2009)!!! INTERVIEW TRANSLATION Q: So your new album (the resistance) it's been completely recorded between milan and the lake of como... you love our country, why you love italy?? A: It's a beautiful country, we love to be here.. and our drummer Matt lives in como, so we built a studio in italy, we had a lot of fun.... you can have a lot of creativity! Q: I know that one of you has an italian girlfriend, a psychologist... right? A: Yeah, our drummer.. Q: what is better? clooney's house or the drumme's house?? A: I think George's is better... it is huge.... Q: I had read that you love simphonic music, you have a 40 pieces orchestra here in Milan, why this mix between rock music and orchestral music? A: the band had a kind of influence by the piano and artists such as chopin and rachmaninov so we tried tho take an orchestra to do something different from the past... it's been amazing Q: you talk a lot about apocalypse and real problems, your album came out on 9/11... don't think is a coincidence A. oh no it's just a coincidence.. someone thinks about a conspiracy but we are in a different time, the world is different and there was no messages with the album release. Thanks to himynameismartino for the script. XAVI SH www.xavi-sh.com
- published: 25 Sep 2009
- views: 165628
- author: MuseExclusive
Jiminy Glick Interviews Ray Romano
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:33
- Updated: 08 Jan 2013
One of Jiminy Glick's first interviews... Ray Romano on the set of "Everybody Loves Raymond".
http://wn.com/Jiminy_Glick_Interviews_Ray_Romano
One of Jiminy Glick's first interviews... Ray Romano on the set of "Everybody Loves Raymond".
- published: 30 Jul 2008
- views: 99138
- author: LAtvFan
euronews interview - D'Alema: Merkel represents a 'selfish Europe'
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:42
- Updated: 28 Nov 2012
www.euronews.com Former Italian Prime Minister and President of the Foundation for European Progressive Studies, Massimo D'Alema is considered a prominent, Italian leftist. He spoke to euronews about life after Berlusconi and the eurozone's troubles. euronews: "Italy had a shake up towards the end of 2011. Since then, it has slowly recovered but at great cost. The austerity plan has meant higher taxes, pension reform and now labour reform - with incentives for hiring and measures for layoffs. You're a leftist but what are the right answers?" Massimo D'Alema: "Well I have to say that Italy has taken a very important step forward since the replacement of the Berlusconi government. This, for Italy and for the eurozone, was very good news, because Italy was not responsible for the crisis, the government was." euronews: "But with how it is today, including the employment reforms, by introducing more flexibility without necessarily strengthening the safety net in a country where there is no minimum wage, where unemployment benefits are very limited and where the social protection is dysfunctional, are there still risks?" Massimo D'Alema: "The problem was the huge division of the labour market between workers and between the young people who have security and the ones who are in a more precarious situation - with no rights and no protection. So, the reform has two sides, one means there's more flexible work for protected workers but on the other side, there's now more protection ...
http://wn.com/euronews_interview_D'Alema_Merkel_represents_a_'selfish_Europe'
www.euronews.com Former Italian Prime Minister and President of the Foundation for European Progressive Studies, Massimo D'Alema is considered a prominent, Italian leftist. He spoke to euronews about life after Berlusconi and the eurozone's troubles. euronews: "Italy had a shake up towards the end of 2011. Since then, it has slowly recovered but at great cost. The austerity plan has meant higher taxes, pension reform and now labour reform - with incentives for hiring and measures for layoffs. You're a leftist but what are the right answers?" Massimo D'Alema: "Well I have to say that Italy has taken a very important step forward since the replacement of the Berlusconi government. This, for Italy and for the eurozone, was very good news, because Italy was not responsible for the crisis, the government was." euronews: "But with how it is today, including the employment reforms, by introducing more flexibility without necessarily strengthening the safety net in a country where there is no minimum wage, where unemployment benefits are very limited and where the social protection is dysfunctional, are there still risks?" Massimo D'Alema: "The problem was the huge division of the labour market between workers and between the young people who have security and the ones who are in a more precarious situation - with no rights and no protection. So, the reform has two sides, one means there's more flexible work for protected workers but on the other side, there's now more protection ...
- published: 19 Apr 2012
- views: 543
- author: Euronews
euronews interview - Prandelli does it his way ahead of 2014
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:32
- Updated: 07 Dec 2012
www.euronews.com "Distinguished for his fair play, honesty and social commitment": these are the reasons for which Italy manager Cesare Prandelli has recently been honoured with an "ethics in sport" award, one of the many gathered in his life as a player and then manager. Prandelli, 55 years old, is from a little town near Brescia. In 2010 he became coach of the Italian national team, and took them to the runners-up spot in the European football championships in June. As a footballer he grew up in Cremona, starting as a midfielder. Atalante heralded the bigtime, but it was at Juventus he enjoyed his peak years, 1979 to 1985 : three Championships, one Champion's League title, and a Cup-Winners cup, Italian cup and European Supercup. Yet the regular's spot in the team always eluded him. His is a long career, spanning some of the modern game's most significant developments. Euronews' Roberto Alpino caught up with him at Parma's football academy. euronews: "Welcome to Euronews. How good a player do you think you were?" Cesare Prandelli: "I think I did all right considering I wasn't super- skilled, but I still had a successful 10 years as a professional, so a good career." euronews: "So, congratulations, you're now a grandfather" CP: "Yes, it's a wonderful experience, especially as I've already told my son and daughter-in-law that I'll be a grandfather just like any other, I'll be spoiling the children, not bringing them up." "And being around all the time!" "Absolutely!" His ...
http://wn.com/euronews_interview_Prandelli_does_it_his_way_ahead_of_2014
www.euronews.com "Distinguished for his fair play, honesty and social commitment": these are the reasons for which Italy manager Cesare Prandelli has recently been honoured with an "ethics in sport" award, one of the many gathered in his life as a player and then manager. Prandelli, 55 years old, is from a little town near Brescia. In 2010 he became coach of the Italian national team, and took them to the runners-up spot in the European football championships in June. As a footballer he grew up in Cremona, starting as a midfielder. Atalante heralded the bigtime, but it was at Juventus he enjoyed his peak years, 1979 to 1985 : three Championships, one Champion's League title, and a Cup-Winners cup, Italian cup and European Supercup. Yet the regular's spot in the team always eluded him. His is a long career, spanning some of the modern game's most significant developments. Euronews' Roberto Alpino caught up with him at Parma's football academy. euronews: "Welcome to Euronews. How good a player do you think you were?" Cesare Prandelli: "I think I did all right considering I wasn't super- skilled, but I still had a successful 10 years as a professional, so a good career." euronews: "So, congratulations, you're now a grandfather" CP: "Yes, it's a wonderful experience, especially as I've already told my son and daughter-in-law that I'll be a grandfather just like any other, I'll be spoiling the children, not bringing them up." "And being around all the time!" "Absolutely!" His ...
- published: 16 Nov 2012
- views: 309
- author: Euronews
euronews interview - Beppe Grillo explains
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:13
- Updated: 28 Nov 2012
www.euronews.com Comedian Beppe Grillo has shaken up Italian politics, with his 5 Star Movement party (Movimento 5 Stelle) winning local and administrative polls in the Italian city of Parma and several smaller towns. Euronews met him in Tuscany. Beppe Grillo: "The media show pictures of me taken during my shows, when I of course I'm overacting. Because that's my job. I have to get the audience's attention. I can't whisper. Look at this frontpage. He looks serious and I look crazy. They put these examples of my facial expressions on a front page and then they write: "Would you let your country be controlled by someone like Grillo?" So everyone says: "Of course not!" So how have the mainstream media and other political parties reacted to his political success? Is he serious? Beppe Grillo: "They still don't know how to react to what is happening. It is not a political revolution, more like a cultural one. The real leader is the movement and the movement's programme rather than any physical person. People should start voting for a programme not a person." But having having attacked professional politicians is Grillo's movement ready to shoulder social responsibilities and manage real cities? Beppe Grillo: "Taking responsibility is a marvellous thing. We want to. But we are talking about citizens voting for other citizens who will enter local parliaments and the national government. Our country is almost economically ruined. We will take on responsibilities but we will also ...
http://wn.com/euronews_interview_Beppe_Grillo_explains
www.euronews.com Comedian Beppe Grillo has shaken up Italian politics, with his 5 Star Movement party (Movimento 5 Stelle) winning local and administrative polls in the Italian city of Parma and several smaller towns. Euronews met him in Tuscany. Beppe Grillo: "The media show pictures of me taken during my shows, when I of course I'm overacting. Because that's my job. I have to get the audience's attention. I can't whisper. Look at this frontpage. He looks serious and I look crazy. They put these examples of my facial expressions on a front page and then they write: "Would you let your country be controlled by someone like Grillo?" So everyone says: "Of course not!" So how have the mainstream media and other political parties reacted to his political success? Is he serious? Beppe Grillo: "They still don't know how to react to what is happening. It is not a political revolution, more like a cultural one. The real leader is the movement and the movement's programme rather than any physical person. People should start voting for a programme not a person." But having having attacked professional politicians is Grillo's movement ready to shoulder social responsibilities and manage real cities? Beppe Grillo: "Taking responsibility is a marvellous thing. We want to. But we are talking about citizens voting for other citizens who will enter local parliaments and the national government. Our country is almost economically ruined. We will take on responsibilities but we will also ...
- published: 24 May 2012
- views: 5070
- author: Euronews
Il Volo interview - Piero Barone, Ignazio Boschetto and Gianluca Ginoble (part 1)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:15
- Updated: 18 Jan 2013
Il Volo about on the road, home, touring, missing Italy, underage, living in LA Watch more videos at www.faceculture.com and follow us on http Video interview with the Italian operatic pop trio Il Volo consisting of Piero Barone, Ignazio Boschetto and Gianluca Ginoble. FaceCulture spoke to the teenage tenors about being on the road, home, touring, missing Italy, being underage, living in LA, the city Roseto, the mayor, being famous, Puff Daddy, American Idol, opera, classical pop music, writing songs, the next album, grandfather, different styles of music, their power, their voice, training lessons, christmas special, school, soccer, sportcars, pilot and the future. (27/11/2011)
http://wn.com/Il_Volo_interview_Piero_Barone,_Ignazio_Boschetto_and_Gianluca_Ginoble_part_1
Il Volo about on the road, home, touring, missing Italy, underage, living in LA Watch more videos at www.faceculture.com and follow us on http Video interview with the Italian operatic pop trio Il Volo consisting of Piero Barone, Ignazio Boschetto and Gianluca Ginoble. FaceCulture spoke to the teenage tenors about being on the road, home, touring, missing Italy, being underage, living in LA, the city Roseto, the mayor, being famous, Puff Daddy, American Idol, opera, classical pop music, writing songs, the next album, grandfather, different styles of music, their power, their voice, training lessons, christmas special, school, soccer, sportcars, pilot and the future. (27/11/2011)
- published: 14 Dec 2011
- views: 41869
- author: FaceCulture
Exclusive interview with Mario Balotelli
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:38
- Updated: 18 Jan 2013
He speaks openly about his upbringing in Brescia, his new life in England, his relationship with Manchester City manager Roberto Mancini and much more...
http://wn.com/Exclusive_interview_with_Mario_Balotelli
He speaks openly about his upbringing in Brescia, his new life in England, his relationship with Manchester City manager Roberto Mancini and much more...
- published: 26 May 2011
- views: 284107
- author: kiimisia86
euronews interview - Saviano: "The Mafia boosted Eastern Europe's economy."
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:56
- Updated: 29 Nov 2012
Roberto Saviano won the 2010 Europe Book Prize with his work "Beauty and the Inferno", although it is the 2006 book "Gomorra" which gave him international fame as a writer on the mafia and an essayist. In this interview with euronews he extends the mafia theme from a local Southern Italian phenomenon to the European and world stage and explains how organised crime has become a political actor taking advantage of failed states and the economic crisis. Roberto Saviano, Europe Book Prize winner: ... www.euronews.net
http://wn.com/euronews_interview_Saviano_The_Mafia_boosted_Eastern_Europe's_economy
Roberto Saviano won the 2010 Europe Book Prize with his work "Beauty and the Inferno", although it is the 2006 book "Gomorra" which gave him international fame as a writer on the mafia and an essayist. In this interview with euronews he extends the mafia theme from a local Southern Italian phenomenon to the European and world stage and explains how organised crime has become a political actor taking advantage of failed states and the economic crisis. Roberto Saviano, Europe Book Prize winner: ... www.euronews.net
- published: 12 Dec 2010
- views: 3465
- author: Euronews
Paolo Nutini interview: Isle of Wight Festival 2009
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:45
- Updated: 16 Nov 2012
Absolute Radio DJ Ben Jones chat to Paolo Nutini backstage at the Isle of Wight Festival 2009 See more Absolute Radio interviews and sessions at www.absoluteradio.co.uk
http://wn.com/Paolo_Nutini_interview_Isle_of_Wight_Festival_2009
Absolute Radio DJ Ben Jones chat to Paolo Nutini backstage at the Isle of Wight Festival 2009 See more Absolute Radio interviews and sessions at www.absoluteradio.co.uk
- published: 14 Jun 2009
- views: 55572
- author: ABSOLUTERADIO
5:30
BOTTIN - No Static (Main Mix) - Italians Do It Better 2009
BOTTIN - No Static (Main Mix) 12" on Italians Do It Better IDIB 014 (2009)...
published: 26 Jan 2009
author: Glitzzz69
BOTTIN - No Static (Main Mix) - Italians Do It Better 2009
BOTTIN - No Static (Main Mix) 12" on Italians Do It Better IDIB 014 (2009)
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 28369
- author: Glitzzz69
4:17
FACT TV: Glass Candy - 'Computer Love'
(This is not live)- Footage of Glass Candy at Cargo, London on 8th May 2008 with their cov...
published: 26 Jan 2009
author: Glitzzz69
FACT TV: Glass Candy - 'Computer Love'
(This is not live)- Footage of Glass Candy at Cargo, London on 8th May 2008 with their cover of Kraftwerk's 'Computer Love'.
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 255488
- author: Glitzzz69
3:49
Nite Jewel - Artificial Intelligence
Nite Jewel video for the song 'Aritificial Intelligence'. Directed by Travis Peterson. E...
published: 26 Jan 2009
author: Glitzzz69
Nite Jewel - Artificial Intelligence
Nite Jewel video for the song 'Aritificial Intelligence'. Directed by Travis Peterson. Edited by Emily Kuntz. Shot on July 14th, 2008. Special thanks to: Brian, Kate, Courtney, Summer and Emily.
Hi Res version at:
http://www.travisjpeterson.com/aritificialintelligenceembed.html
www.humanearmusic.com
www.travisjpeterson.com
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 171325
- author: Glitzzz69
5:55
Gina X - No GDM GIGOLO 108 2003
Gina X - No G.D.M.
Label:International Deejay Gigolo Records
Catalog#:GIGOLO 108
Format:V...
published: 26 Jan 2009
author: Glitzzz69
Gina X - No GDM GIGOLO 108 2003
Gina X - No G.D.M.
Label:International Deejay Gigolo Records
Catalog#:GIGOLO 108
Format:Vinyl, 12"
Country:Germany
Released:29 Aug 2003
Genre:Electronic
Style:Techno, Synth-pop
Notes:Original released first on EMI in 1979.
Tracklisting:
A1 No G.D.M. (Original Version)
A2 No G.D.M. (Cat O'Nine Tales Heavy Guitar Remix)
Remix - Cat O'Nine Tale
B1 No G.D.M. (Psychonauts Remix)
Remix - Psychonauts
B2 No G.D.M. (Headman Remix)
Remix - Headman (2)
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 17161
- author: Glitzzz69
2:40
Gary Wilson - Linda Wants to be Alone
http://www.thehighhat.com/Pop&Clicks;/002/gary_wilson.html
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c...
published: 26 Jan 2009
author: Glitzzz69
Gary Wilson - Linda Wants to be Alone
http://www.thehighhat.com/Pop&Clicks;/002/gary_wilson.html
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cqnEurpj8ng
http://www.stonesthrow.com/
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 44555
- author: Glitzzz69
4:09
Geneva Jacuzzi - Love Caboose
Geneva Jacuzzi
Video for the song 'Love Caboose'. Directed by Travis Peterson. Director ...
published: 26 Jan 2009
author: Glitzzz69
Geneva Jacuzzi - Love Caboose
Geneva Jacuzzi
Video for the song 'Love Caboose'. Directed by Travis Peterson. Director of Photography: Nick Amato. Shot on June 6th 2008 in Rocket Films Studio, Downtown Los Angeles. Special thanks Tudor Bolloni, Stuart Cropley, Cole, and John Tucker.
HiRes version at: http://www.travisjpeterson.com/lovecabooseembed.html
www.humanearmusic.com
www.travisjpeterson.com
Be careful not to look into her eyes or you might get... stoned.
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 182204
- author: Glitzzz69
3:48
Ariel Pink "Politely Declined"
Ariel Pink's Haunted Graffiti "Scared Famous" track
http://www.arielpink.com
Directed by E...
published: 26 Jan 2009
author: Glitzzz69
Ariel Pink "Politely Declined"
Ariel Pink's Haunted Graffiti "Scared Famous" track
http://www.arielpink.com
Directed by Eric Fensler
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 268698
- author: Glitzzz69
2:46
Geneva Jacuzzi - Runaway DNA live in SF 3/7/08
in San Francisco's China Town at the Lipo Lounge for Mushroom International Presents: Mini...
published: 26 Jan 2009
author: Glitzzz69
Geneva Jacuzzi - Runaway DNA live in SF 3/7/08
in San Francisco's China Town at the Lipo Lounge for Mushroom International Presents: Mini Pops' Friday night with Ariel Pink, Nate Boyce and art happening by Leslie Kulesh, Jason Yates (Fast Friends Inc.), Ringo, Chris Lux, Matt Fishbeck, Erik Seidenglanz and Julia Holter. Shot my Myles Cooper of The Passionistas.
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 7161
- author: Glitzzz69
3:13
Glass Candy - Digital Versicolor
New video from New Jersey duo Glass Candy, released on Italians Do It Better Records.
Lin...
published: 26 Jan 2009
author: Glitzzz69
Glass Candy - Digital Versicolor
New video from New Jersey duo Glass Candy, released on Italians Do It Better Records.
Links:
http://www.crystalmigraine.co.uk
http://www.myspace.com/glasscandy
http://vivaitalians.blogspot.com
http://www.myspace.com/italiansdoitbetterrecords
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 580222
- author: Glitzzz69
Vimeo results:
2:35
Summer feelings
A celebration of the beauty of our french and italian Alps. I filmed and edited what I per...
published: 04 Jul 2011
author: sebastien montaz-rosset
Summer feelings
A celebration of the beauty of our french and italian Alps. I filmed and edited what I personnaly like in the mountain culture: sports, life style, art of living, culture and people.
More on my blog: www.sebmontaz.com
Video tutorials and shooting tips from the film maker: www.facebook.com/pages/Seb-Montaz-Video-blog/149892381710213
I hope you will enjoy watching it as much as i did filming it !
Tech spec:
editing: FCP7
lenses: Canon 45 TSE 2.8, 50 1.2, 14 2.8.
cameras: canon 7D & 5Dm2
color grading Magic bullet looks
Music by young talented composer Michael Denny. www.michaeldennymusic.com
Editor, DP, grading: Sebastien Montaz-Rosset.
More on my blog: www.sebmontaz.com
7:27
Notte Sento (English subtitles)
A girl misses her train to Milan and is set to wait overnight in Rome until dawn. However,...
published: 27 Oct 2008
author: Daniele Napolitano
Notte Sento (English subtitles)
A girl misses her train to Milan and is set to wait overnight in Rome until dawn. However, a chance encounter with a guy changes her plans and the night lights of the capital turn into the background to a tender love story. An extraordinary chemistry made of knowing glances and small gestures fills the few instants that separate them both from the sunrise.
Short film made with 4500+ still photographs. Shot with a Canon EOS 30D camera.
Funded by the Seagate Creative Fund in 2008.
Italian language with English subtitles.
Official site: www.ilovecut.com/works/102
Become a fan here: http://facebook.com/nottesento
and here: http://facebook.com/ilovecut
You can find the song at the end here: http://tinyurl.com/metem-boreale
Versione italiana qui: http://vimeo.com/2196186
4:03
Dreaming It{aly}
Watch Part Two, Daydreaming It[aly}... https://vimeo.com/51078732
I was asked to go to Ba...
published: 18 Jan 2012
author: Matty Brown
Dreaming It{aly}
Watch Part Two, Daydreaming It[aly}... https://vimeo.com/51078732
I was asked to go to Basilicata, Italy to participate in a Digital Diary contest for the tourism board to show one of the most untouched parts of Italy...
It won Grand Prize in the competition.
Created by Matty Brown
Music by the amazing Reid Willis (If you like his music please contact Reid personally at reid.m.willis@gmail.com That is his PayPal email too, so donate a little smoething to him! Help an unknown artist out! He deserves it!! His new album with some amazing tracks is not out yet, so contact him) www.reidwillis.com The main song used in this is called "Parachute". The first aural song is called "My Sincerity" And please donate a little something to him! He deserves it! His
Shot with the 7D
Edited with Sony Vegas
Special thank you to Nathan Miller and Jason Vo for letting me use your equipment. And a massive THANK YOU to Mikaela Bandini and Caspar Diederik; without you two this would not be possible for me. Big hugs to you guys! www.cantforget.it
Thank you Steven Weinberg for the impromptu help getting the words to go in the video! you my script doctor! haha. Without you editing my words around it would've been a joke, lol.
And thank you to everyone who supported me with the project! SJ Chiro, Goncalo de Almeida Costa, Steven Weinberg, Joaquin Baldwin, Brenton Perry, and the list goes on and on!
9:30
"Motion Plus Design" Center : "What is Motion Design ?"
*** UPDATED VERSION (See Erratum below) ***
------------------------------- THE PROJECT
...
published: 28 Sep 2011
author: Motion Plus Design
"Motion Plus Design" Center : "What is Motion Design ?"
*** UPDATED VERSION (See Erratum below) ***
------------------------------- THE PROJECT
"Motion Plus Design" is a project which aims to create the first exhibition center
dedicated to Motion Design in Paris, france. This is a non-profit project. Students, professionals and anyone interested could discover artists, meet and learn. This centre will also provide an opportunity to promote artists in other design departments so the different graphic design worlds could cross. To make it real we need your support! The more we are, the more the project's got chances to exist!
Website : http://motion-plus-design.com
Get involved via facebook : http://www.facebook.com/pages/ENGLISH-Motion-Plus-Design/262169577157419
Mail : contact@motion-plus-design.com
Twitter : http://twitter.com/#!/Mo_Plus_Design
Newsletter : please send us your email at newsletter@motion-plus-design.com
Want to translate this film in your language ? : translate@motion-plus-design.com
------------------------------- OTHER LANGUAGES
Spanish : http://vimeo.com/31805518
Portuguese : http://vimeo.com/31805448
Chinese : http://vimeo.com/31801886
Japanese : http://vimeo.com/31805394
Russian : http://vimeo.com/31805480
Greek : http://vimeo.com/31805030
Turkish : http://vimeo.com/31805551
Italian : http://vimeo.com/31805364
Iranian : http://vimeo.com/31805331
German : http://vimeo.com/31805268
Dutch : http://vimeo.com/31804683
French : http://vimeo.com/29734504
------------------------------- ERRATUM
We were wrong on some credits of the previous version, big apologies for that.
Here are the new changes you'll see in this updated version :
/// MTV award 2009 opening sequence was in fact designed at Prologue by Ilya Abulhaniv
/// Panic Room opening sequence was in fact designed by Picture Mill
/// Donnie Brasco opening sequence was in fact designed at Imaginary Forces by Kyle Cooper
/// NBC More Colorful ident, was in fact designed at Capacity by Ellerey Gave & Alex Mapar
/// NBC ident (2006) was in fact designed at Capacity
/// Chanel 4 ident was in fact designed by Lambie Nairn
Youtube results:
5:05
John Maus - Tenebrae
A music video for John Maus' track 'Tenebrae' ... From his upcoming album 'LOVE IS REAL',...
published: 26 Jan 2009
author: Glitzzz69
John Maus - Tenebrae
A music video for John Maus' track 'Tenebrae' ... From his upcoming album 'LOVE IS REAL', visit http://www.upsettherhythm.co.uk/index.html for more info!
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 68041
- author: Glitzzz69
9:35
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 1 part 1/2
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 1 part 1/2
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 29975
- author: raffaelebaldini
9:23
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 1 part 2/2
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 1 part 2/2
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 10866
- author: raffaelebaldini
10:56
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 2 part 1/2
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 2 part 1/2
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 8228
- author: raffaelebaldini
10:30
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 2 part 2/2
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 2 part 2/2
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 4867
- author: raffaelebaldini
7:47
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 3 part 1/3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 3 part 1/3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 4947
- author: raffaelebaldini
7:55
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 3 part 2/3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 3 part 2/3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 3128
- author: raffaelebaldini
9:57
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 3 part 3/3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 3 part 3/3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 3552
- author: raffaelebaldini
9:42
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 4 part 1/4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 4 part 1/4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 8294
- author: raffaelebaldini
10:03
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 4 part 2/4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 4 part 2/4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 5526
- author: raffaelebaldini
8:54
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 5 part 1/3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 5 part 1/3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 2939
- author: raffaelebaldini
5:12
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 4 part 3/4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 4 part 3/4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 2722
- author: raffaelebaldini
6:19
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 4 part 4/4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 4 part 4/4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 2440
- author: raffaelebaldini
9:20
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 5 part 2/3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 5 part 2/3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 2576
- author: raffaelebaldini
6:55
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 5 part 3/3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 5 part 3/3
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 1954
- author: raffaelebaldini
Vimeo results:
2:35
Summer feelings
A celebration of the beauty of our french and italian Alps. I filmed and edited what I per...
published: 04 Jul 2011
author: sebastien montaz-rosset
Summer feelings
A celebration of the beauty of our french and italian Alps. I filmed and edited what I personnaly like in the mountain culture: sports, life style, art of living, culture and people.
More on my blog: www.sebmontaz.com
Video tutorials and shooting tips from the film maker: www.facebook.com/pages/Seb-Montaz-Video-blog/149892381710213
I hope you will enjoy watching it as much as i did filming it !
Tech spec:
editing: FCP7
lenses: Canon 45 TSE 2.8, 50 1.2, 14 2.8.
cameras: canon 7D & 5Dm2
color grading Magic bullet looks
Music by young talented composer Michael Denny. www.michaeldennymusic.com
Editor, DP, grading: Sebastien Montaz-Rosset.
More on my blog: www.sebmontaz.com
7:27
Notte Sento (English subtitles)
A girl misses her train to Milan and is set to wait overnight in Rome until dawn. However,...
published: 27 Oct 2008
author: Daniele Napolitano
Notte Sento (English subtitles)
A girl misses her train to Milan and is set to wait overnight in Rome until dawn. However, a chance encounter with a guy changes her plans and the night lights of the capital turn into the background to a tender love story. An extraordinary chemistry made of knowing glances and small gestures fills the few instants that separate them both from the sunrise.
Short film made with 4500+ still photographs. Shot with a Canon EOS 30D camera.
Funded by the Seagate Creative Fund in 2008.
Italian language with English subtitles.
Official site: www.ilovecut.com/works/102
Become a fan here: http://facebook.com/nottesento
and here: http://facebook.com/ilovecut
You can find the song at the end here: http://tinyurl.com/metem-boreale
Versione italiana qui: http://vimeo.com/2196186
4:03
Dreaming It{aly}
Watch Part Two, Daydreaming It[aly}... https://vimeo.com/51078732
I was asked to go to Ba...
published: 18 Jan 2012
author: Matty Brown
Dreaming It{aly}
Watch Part Two, Daydreaming It[aly}... https://vimeo.com/51078732
I was asked to go to Basilicata, Italy to participate in a Digital Diary contest for the tourism board to show one of the most untouched parts of Italy...
It won Grand Prize in the competition.
Created by Matty Brown
Music by the amazing Reid Willis (If you like his music please contact Reid personally at reid.m.willis@gmail.com That is his PayPal email too, so donate a little smoething to him! Help an unknown artist out! He deserves it!! His new album with some amazing tracks is not out yet, so contact him) www.reidwillis.com The main song used in this is called "Parachute". The first aural song is called "My Sincerity" And please donate a little something to him! He deserves it! His
Shot with the 7D
Edited with Sony Vegas
Special thank you to Nathan Miller and Jason Vo for letting me use your equipment. And a massive THANK YOU to Mikaela Bandini and Caspar Diederik; without you two this would not be possible for me. Big hugs to you guys! www.cantforget.it
Thank you Steven Weinberg for the impromptu help getting the words to go in the video! you my script doctor! haha. Without you editing my words around it would've been a joke, lol.
And thank you to everyone who supported me with the project! SJ Chiro, Goncalo de Almeida Costa, Steven Weinberg, Joaquin Baldwin, Brenton Perry, and the list goes on and on!
9:30
"Motion Plus Design" Center : "What is Motion Design ?"
*** UPDATED VERSION (See Erratum below) ***
------------------------------- THE PROJECT
...
published: 28 Sep 2011
author: Motion Plus Design
"Motion Plus Design" Center : "What is Motion Design ?"
*** UPDATED VERSION (See Erratum below) ***
------------------------------- THE PROJECT
"Motion Plus Design" is a project which aims to create the first exhibition center
dedicated to Motion Design in Paris, france. This is a non-profit project. Students, professionals and anyone interested could discover artists, meet and learn. This centre will also provide an opportunity to promote artists in other design departments so the different graphic design worlds could cross. To make it real we need your support! The more we are, the more the project's got chances to exist!
Website : http://motion-plus-design.com
Get involved via facebook : http://www.facebook.com/pages/ENGLISH-Motion-Plus-Design/262169577157419
Mail : contact@motion-plus-design.com
Twitter : http://twitter.com/#!/Mo_Plus_Design
Newsletter : please send us your email at newsletter@motion-plus-design.com
Want to translate this film in your language ? : translate@motion-plus-design.com
------------------------------- OTHER LANGUAGES
Spanish : http://vimeo.com/31805518
Portuguese : http://vimeo.com/31805448
Chinese : http://vimeo.com/31801886
Japanese : http://vimeo.com/31805394
Russian : http://vimeo.com/31805480
Greek : http://vimeo.com/31805030
Turkish : http://vimeo.com/31805551
Italian : http://vimeo.com/31805364
Iranian : http://vimeo.com/31805331
German : http://vimeo.com/31805268
Dutch : http://vimeo.com/31804683
French : http://vimeo.com/29734504
------------------------------- ERRATUM
We were wrong on some credits of the previous version, big apologies for that.
Here are the new changes you'll see in this updated version :
/// MTV award 2009 opening sequence was in fact designed at Prologue by Ilya Abulhaniv
/// Panic Room opening sequence was in fact designed by Picture Mill
/// Donnie Brasco opening sequence was in fact designed at Imaginary Forces by Kyle Cooper
/// NBC More Colorful ident, was in fact designed at Capacity by Ellerey Gave & Alex Mapar
/// NBC ident (2006) was in fact designed at Capacity
/// Chanel 4 ident was in fact designed by Lambie Nairn
Youtube results:
8:17
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 6 part 1/4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 6 part 1/4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 2141
- author: raffaelebaldini
10:25
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 6 part 2/4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 6 part 2/4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 1876
- author: raffaelebaldini
6:53
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 6 part 3/4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 6 part 3/4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 1877
- author: raffaelebaldini
5:52
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 6 part 4/4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un ...
published: 13 Dec 2010
author: raffaelebaldini
Corso di Inglese per Italiani - "English for Italians" - Unit 6 part 4/4
Visita il mio sito: http://www.englishforitalians.com
Questo Corso di Inglese viene in un DVD con 18 ore di registrazioni in mp3. Cioè la registrazione dell'intero corso di 750 pagine.
Il testo del Corso si trova anche sul DVD, in formato pdf.
Puoi anche contattarmi al mio indirizzo e-mail: carmelo.mangano@gmail.com
- published: 13 Dec 2010
- views: 1777
- author: raffaelebaldini
5:35
italians scena finale carlo verdone con colonna sonora "meraviglioso"
bellissima scena del film italians con carlo verdone e con colonna sonora dei negramaro "m...
published: 17 Jul 2011
author: chemasll1
italians scena finale carlo verdone con colonna sonora "meraviglioso"
bellissima scena del film italians con carlo verdone e con colonna sonora dei negramaro "meravigliosa
- published: 17 Jul 2011
- views: 25257
- author: chemasll1
2:29
Italians (Italianos) trailer 2009
Trailer oficial de la película Italians (italianos) protagonizada por Riccardo Scamarcio,...
published: 17 Jul 2011
author: chemasll1
Italians (Italianos) trailer 2009
Trailer oficial de la película Italians (italianos) protagonizada por Riccardo Scamarcio, Sergio Castellitto y Carlo Verdone.
Video de la primera página web y fanclub de Riccardo Scamarcio en español, http://www.scamarciospain.es
- published: 17 Jul 2011
- views: 2467
- author: chemasll1
8:11
ITALIANS
VIDEOBOOK di Mauro Marchese
Regia: Giovanni Veronesi
con Carlo Verdone,
Riccardo Scamarc...
published: 29 Sep 2011
author: chemasll1
ITALIANS
VIDEOBOOK di Mauro Marchese
Regia: Giovanni Veronesi
con Carlo Verdone,
Riccardo Scamarcio,
Sergio Castellitto.
- published: 29 Sep 2011
- views: 11339
- author: chemasll1
Vimeo results:
2:35
Summer feelings
A celebration of the beauty of our french and italian Alps. I filmed and edited what I per...
published: 04 Jul 2011
author: sebastien montaz-rosset
Summer feelings
A celebration of the beauty of our french and italian Alps. I filmed and edited what I personnaly like in the mountain culture: sports, life style, art of living, culture and people.
More on my blog: www.sebmontaz.com
Video tutorials and shooting tips from the film maker: www.facebook.com/pages/Seb-Montaz-Video-blog/149892381710213
I hope you will enjoy watching it as much as i did filming it !
Tech spec:
editing: FCP7
lenses: Canon 45 TSE 2.8, 50 1.2, 14 2.8.
cameras: canon 7D & 5Dm2
color grading Magic bullet looks
Music by young talented composer Michael Denny. www.michaeldennymusic.com
Editor, DP, grading: Sebastien Montaz-Rosset.
More on my blog: www.sebmontaz.com
7:27
Notte Sento (English subtitles)
A girl misses her train to Milan and is set to wait overnight in Rome until dawn. However,...
published: 27 Oct 2008
author: Daniele Napolitano
Notte Sento (English subtitles)
A girl misses her train to Milan and is set to wait overnight in Rome until dawn. However, a chance encounter with a guy changes her plans and the night lights of the capital turn into the background to a tender love story. An extraordinary chemistry made of knowing glances and small gestures fills the few instants that separate them both from the sunrise.
Short film made with 4500+ still photographs. Shot with a Canon EOS 30D camera.
Funded by the Seagate Creative Fund in 2008.
Italian language with English subtitles.
Official site: www.ilovecut.com/works/102
Become a fan here: http://facebook.com/nottesento
and here: http://facebook.com/ilovecut
You can find the song at the end here: http://tinyurl.com/metem-boreale
Versione italiana qui: http://vimeo.com/2196186
4:03
Dreaming It{aly}
Watch Part Two, Daydreaming It[aly}... https://vimeo.com/51078732
I was asked to go to Ba...
published: 18 Jan 2012
author: Matty Brown
Dreaming It{aly}
Watch Part Two, Daydreaming It[aly}... https://vimeo.com/51078732
I was asked to go to Basilicata, Italy to participate in a Digital Diary contest for the tourism board to show one of the most untouched parts of Italy...
It won Grand Prize in the competition.
Created by Matty Brown
Music by the amazing Reid Willis (If you like his music please contact Reid personally at reid.m.willis@gmail.com That is his PayPal email too, so donate a little smoething to him! Help an unknown artist out! He deserves it!! His new album with some amazing tracks is not out yet, so contact him) www.reidwillis.com The main song used in this is called "Parachute". The first aural song is called "My Sincerity" And please donate a little something to him! He deserves it! His
Shot with the 7D
Edited with Sony Vegas
Special thank you to Nathan Miller and Jason Vo for letting me use your equipment. And a massive THANK YOU to Mikaela Bandini and Caspar Diederik; without you two this would not be possible for me. Big hugs to you guys! www.cantforget.it
Thank you Steven Weinberg for the impromptu help getting the words to go in the video! you my script doctor! haha. Without you editing my words around it would've been a joke, lol.
And thank you to everyone who supported me with the project! SJ Chiro, Goncalo de Almeida Costa, Steven Weinberg, Joaquin Baldwin, Brenton Perry, and the list goes on and on!
9:30
"Motion Plus Design" Center : "What is Motion Design ?"
*** UPDATED VERSION (See Erratum below) ***
------------------------------- THE PROJECT
...
published: 28 Sep 2011
author: Motion Plus Design
"Motion Plus Design" Center : "What is Motion Design ?"
*** UPDATED VERSION (See Erratum below) ***
------------------------------- THE PROJECT
"Motion Plus Design" is a project which aims to create the first exhibition center
dedicated to Motion Design in Paris, france. This is a non-profit project. Students, professionals and anyone interested could discover artists, meet and learn. This centre will also provide an opportunity to promote artists in other design departments so the different graphic design worlds could cross. To make it real we need your support! The more we are, the more the project's got chances to exist!
Website : http://motion-plus-design.com
Get involved via facebook : http://www.facebook.com/pages/ENGLISH-Motion-Plus-Design/262169577157419
Mail : contact@motion-plus-design.com
Twitter : http://twitter.com/#!/Mo_Plus_Design
Newsletter : please send us your email at newsletter@motion-plus-design.com
Want to translate this film in your language ? : translate@motion-plus-design.com
------------------------------- OTHER LANGUAGES
Spanish : http://vimeo.com/31805518
Portuguese : http://vimeo.com/31805448
Chinese : http://vimeo.com/31801886
Japanese : http://vimeo.com/31805394
Russian : http://vimeo.com/31805480
Greek : http://vimeo.com/31805030
Turkish : http://vimeo.com/31805551
Italian : http://vimeo.com/31805364
Iranian : http://vimeo.com/31805331
German : http://vimeo.com/31805268
Dutch : http://vimeo.com/31804683
French : http://vimeo.com/29734504
------------------------------- ERRATUM
We were wrong on some credits of the previous version, big apologies for that.
Here are the new changes you'll see in this updated version :
/// MTV award 2009 opening sequence was in fact designed at Prologue by Ilya Abulhaniv
/// Panic Room opening sequence was in fact designed by Picture Mill
/// Donnie Brasco opening sequence was in fact designed at Imaginary Forces by Kyle Cooper
/// NBC More Colorful ident, was in fact designed at Capacity by Ellerey Gave & Alex Mapar
/// NBC ident (2006) was in fact designed at Capacity
/// Chanel 4 ident was in fact designed by Lambie Nairn
7:41
Intervista Kobe Bryant in italiano su Sportitalia 1^PARTE
Intervista di Kobe Bryant in Italiano andata in onda su sportitalia l'8/04/07 durante la p...
published: 09 Apr 2007
author: Raffaello Panini
Intervista Kobe Bryant in italiano su Sportitalia 1^PARTE
Intervista di Kobe Bryant in Italiano andata in onda su sportitalia l'8/04/07 durante la partita Lakers-Suns. Prima Parte Translation : Well, first this is a bit embarrassing for me because I'd started elementary school in Italy but I speak italian for many years and it was remained on me but few few so I did this interview in italian and in english...so can you ask me another time the question ? what's remained on you about the years passed in italy ? the passion, the passion for the life the passion to play basketball , the thing that you love to do for the whole life , always the passion. In italy there's the passion for the family , with the son with the whole important things for you...italy will have always a pieces of my heart where the lakers can go ? I don't know depends because we had many injured players during the season , they didn't played or only 20-5 games ,so we didn't played much games all togheter but now we are here and I hope that at the end of season 'surprise some people' . what or who miss the lakers to win a championship ? the things that miss .. we don't miss much , we are very near to be a team taht can win a championship maybe a player there or here ... but not much scorer or assistman, how born the choice ? it's only basketball , I think that when I play I watch only the things that happen during the game. I don't think to score or to pass the ball , I'm only watching the defense and watch the things that they are doing and if they give me a ...
- published: 09 Apr 2007
- views: 853054
- author: Raffaello Panini
9:12
Kay Rush Interviews Frank Zappa for Italian TV 1980's
Frank Zappa interviewed by Kay Rush for Television Italy...
published: 10 Jun 2007
author: Kay Rush
Kay Rush Interviews Frank Zappa for Italian TV 1980's
Frank Zappa interviewed by Kay Rush for Television Italy
- published: 10 Jun 2007
- views: 102260
- author: Kay Rush
8:04
euronews interview - Matteo Manassero: The future of Italian golf
www.euronews.com Matteo Manassero is a 19 year-old golfer from Verona, Italy and the young...
published: 26 Sep 2012
author: Euronews
euronews interview - Matteo Manassero: The future of Italian golf
www.euronews.com Matteo Manassero is a 19 year-old golfer from Verona, Italy and the youngest ever winner of a European Tour Open. In 2010, he won the Castelló Masters in Spain aged just 17 and since then has been crowned Rookie of the Year on the PGA European Tour and gone on to notch up his second European Tour trophy by winning the Malaysian Open. The Italian prodigy regularly takes part in the Grand Slam of Golf and despite occasionally playing in the PGA Tour, can more often than not be found on the European Tour. He's been named as the new 'Tiger Woods', however this has not been his greatest season to date. Nevertheless, Manassero has a bright future ahead of him and is determined to achieve his goals. Claudia Garcia met him as he practiced on a golf course in Turin, Italy. Euronews: "Matteo Manassero, let's talk about the battle between Rory McIlroy and Tiger Woods, a rivalry that has everybody captivated. Are you also following their progress on the tour?" Matteo Manassero: "Of course, I've been watching every tournament. They are fierce competitors. Rory is playing exceptionally well, and as we know he is the current number one. Tiger Woods has also been performing at his best, which means that we're seeing a great battle take place between both of them." E: "Who do you think will be more influential in the Ryder Cup, McIlroy for Europe or Woods for the United States?" M: "Rory would be fundamental for the European Team. He is a real star, and the Ryder Cup is ...
- published: 26 Sep 2012
- views: 886
- author: Euronews
4:45
Jack Kerouac, Interview (doc, subtitled in italian)
Jack Kerouac, interviewed by William F. Buckley, Jr. From a documentary on the soul of the...
published: 10 Feb 2009
author: allienato
Jack Kerouac, Interview (doc, subtitled in italian)
Jack Kerouac, interviewed by William F. Buckley, Jr. From a documentary on the soul of the Beat Generation. Beat, (a)politics, (non)hippies, drunkennes and television.. "Everything is going to the beat — It's the beat generation, it be-at, it's the beat to keep, it's the beat of the heart, it's being beat and down in the world and like oldtime lowdown and like in ancient civilizations the slave boatmen rowing galleys to a beat and servants spinning pottery to a beat..." Jack Kerouac - Desolation Angels
- published: 10 Feb 2009
- views: 102813
- author: allienato
9:47
euronews interview - Italy's Prime Minister speaks to Euronews
www.euronews.net On his first EU summit, the new Italian Prime Minister Mario Monti was on...
published: 10 Dec 2011
author: Euronews
euronews interview - Italy's Prime Minister speaks to Euronews
www.euronews.net On his first EU summit, the new Italian Prime Minister Mario Monti was one of the protagonists of the long marathon to save the euro and strengthen fiscal discipline in member states. Monti played the role of mediator between Great Britain and the others, seeking agreement between the 27. Euronews Margerita Sforza spoke to him and first asked him if the agreement of the Council of Europe is enough to save the euro?
- published: 10 Dec 2011
- views: 1012
- author: Euronews
6:56
Uprising - Muse make fun of an italian tv show in this "live" performance - hilarious!
The rock band was forced to play in playback during an italian tv show about football "Que...
published: 21 Sep 2009
author: madoblink182
Uprising - Muse make fun of an italian tv show in this "live" performance - hilarious!
The rock band was forced to play in playback during an italian tv show about football "Quelli che il Calcio". So Muse decided to exchange their instruments and positions. The singer became a drummer, the drummer sang and played bass, and the guy who usually play the bass played guitar and keyboard. Nobody (in the tv show) noticed the difference. Futhermore at the end of that fantastic performance the hostess interviewed the drummer that still acting like the singer talked about his friend matthew at the drum (he his the real singer). PS. sorry for not perfect english and remember that not all italians are ignorant and egocentric like the staff of that show
- published: 21 Sep 2009
- views: 1244591
- author: madoblink182
7:59
EuroNews - EN - Interview - Beppe Grillo Italian comedian
Until recently, Beppe Grillo was just another controversial Italian comedian. Now he is al...
published: 22 Sep 2007
author: Euronews
EuroNews - EN - Interview - Beppe Grillo Italian comedian
Until recently, Beppe Grillo was just another controversial Italian comedian. Now he is also the founder of V-Day in Italy. V doesn't stand for victory but the Italian equivalent of "Get Stuffed Day", or something a little more rude. He's raising the V-sign to what he calls grey-haired, corrupt, politicians advocating a revolution in Italian politics.
- published: 22 Sep 2007
- views: 99694
- author: Euronews
5:32
Multilingual interview with Luca - the Italian polyglot
This is a short interview with Luca when he visited me in the United Kingdom. This video i...
published: 26 May 2010
author: poliglotta80
Multilingual interview with Luca - the Italian polyglot
This is a short interview with Luca when he visited me in the United Kingdom. This video is in English, French, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, German, Dutch, Russian and Swedish
- published: 26 May 2010
- views: 74173
- author: poliglotta80
7:08
euronews interview - Italy: towards deeper European integration
www.euronews.com From the financial crisis and European integration to relations with Medi...
published: 20 Jul 2012
author: Euronews
euronews interview - Italy: towards deeper European integration
www.euronews.com From the financial crisis and European integration to relations with Mediterranean countires and even the Arab uprisings, we met with the head of Italian Foreign Minister to answer some of our questions. Luigi Spinola, Euronews: Thank you for receiving euronews here at The Farnesina, the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Do you think the Council's European agreement at the end of June is sufficient to meet the urgent need for stabilisation in the euro area or will it serve another purpose? Giulio Terzi, Italian Foreign Affairs Minister: The agreement is enough. Italy and the Foreign Secretary (Monti) have contributed substantially to the agreements of the European Council, and consider them good decisions, which of course will be executed only in the context of the Eurogroup and Ecofin. Ecofin and Eurogroup will then define all the conditions of use of the firewall, because it was designed in relation to the excessive fluctuating spreads, which is particularly an issue for Italy, and we consider it a convincing measure, not only because it gives us a tool of intervention, but also by virtue of its existence. We know that financial markets are based largely on the expectations of investors and speculators. So having taken a measure of this type and knowing that it will be executed within a short period, is reassuring . Liugi Spinola: For Italy, what is or what should be the fine line between facing this crisis and boosting European construction? Giulio ...
- published: 20 Jul 2012
- views: 627
- author: Euronews
11:03
Antonia iacobescu & italian Vincenzo Castellano speaking on interview romanian language TV girls
Antonia Iacobescu & italian Vincenzo Castellano interview interviu ~ romanian girls women ...
published: 06 Mar 2011
author: romaniandays
Antonia iacobescu & italian Vincenzo Castellano speaking on interview romanian language TV girls
Antonia Iacobescu & italian Vincenzo Castellano interview interviu ~ romanian girls women italian men boys guys musica romena romena ragazze rumene speaking romanian language talking
- published: 06 Mar 2011
- views: 447347
- author: romaniandays
2:50
Interview with Marina Marinovich, President of the Italian Society of Toxicology
"No-calorie intense sweeteners: focus on safety of use" Rome, 11 January 2012 Interview wi...
published: 30 Jan 2012
author: NFIDolcificanti
Interview with Marina Marinovich, President of the Italian Society of Toxicology
"No-calorie intense sweeteners: focus on safety of use" Rome, 11 January 2012 Interview with Marina Marinovich, President of the Italian Society of Toxicology
- published: 30 Jan 2012
- views: 510891
- author: NFIDolcificanti
8:47
Take That - The Flood - Live@XFactor Italy 2010 + Interview
Take That - The Flood - Live@XFactor Italy 2010 + Interview RaiDue (Italian TV) November 2...
published: 24 Nov 2010
author: kiteflyer553
Take That - The Flood - Live@XFactor Italy 2010 + Interview
Take That - The Flood - Live@XFactor Italy 2010 + Interview RaiDue (Italian TV) November 23, 2010
- published: 24 Nov 2010
- views: 193981
- author: kiteflyer553
1:48
Joseph Bonanno - 1983 TV Interview - 60 Minutes
Property of 60 Minutes CBS News Video Owned by CBS News Corp Joseph "Don Pepino" Bonanno...
published: 09 Mar 2012
author: XIxItalianoxIX
Joseph Bonanno - 1983 TV Interview - 60 Minutes
Property of 60 Minutes CBS News Video Owned by CBS News Corp Joseph "Don Pepino" Bonanno
- published: 09 Mar 2012
- views: 41866
- author: XIxItalianoxIX
Vimeo results:
2:35
Summer feelings
A celebration of the beauty of our french and italian Alps. I filmed and edited what I per...
published: 04 Jul 2011
author: sebastien montaz-rosset
Summer feelings
A celebration of the beauty of our french and italian Alps. I filmed and edited what I personnaly like in the mountain culture: sports, life style, art of living, culture and people.
More on my blog: www.sebmontaz.com
Video tutorials and shooting tips from the film maker: www.facebook.com/pages/Seb-Montaz-Video-blog/149892381710213
I hope you will enjoy watching it as much as i did filming it !
Tech spec:
editing: FCP7
lenses: Canon 45 TSE 2.8, 50 1.2, 14 2.8.
cameras: canon 7D & 5Dm2
color grading Magic bullet looks
Music by young talented composer Michael Denny. www.michaeldennymusic.com
Editor, DP, grading: Sebastien Montaz-Rosset.
More on my blog: www.sebmontaz.com
7:27
Notte Sento (English subtitles)
A girl misses her train to Milan and is set to wait overnight in Rome until dawn. However,...
published: 27 Oct 2008
author: Daniele Napolitano
Notte Sento (English subtitles)
A girl misses her train to Milan and is set to wait overnight in Rome until dawn. However, a chance encounter with a guy changes her plans and the night lights of the capital turn into the background to a tender love story. An extraordinary chemistry made of knowing glances and small gestures fills the few instants that separate them both from the sunrise.
Short film made with 4500+ still photographs. Shot with a Canon EOS 30D camera.
Funded by the Seagate Creative Fund in 2008.
Italian language with English subtitles.
Official site: www.ilovecut.com/works/102
Become a fan here: http://facebook.com/nottesento
and here: http://facebook.com/ilovecut
You can find the song at the end here: http://tinyurl.com/metem-boreale
Versione italiana qui: http://vimeo.com/2196186
4:03
Dreaming It{aly}
Watch Part Two, Daydreaming It[aly}... https://vimeo.com/51078732
I was asked to go to Ba...
published: 18 Jan 2012
author: Matty Brown
Dreaming It{aly}
Watch Part Two, Daydreaming It[aly}... https://vimeo.com/51078732
I was asked to go to Basilicata, Italy to participate in a Digital Diary contest for the tourism board to show one of the most untouched parts of Italy...
It won Grand Prize in the competition.
Created by Matty Brown
Music by the amazing Reid Willis (If you like his music please contact Reid personally at reid.m.willis@gmail.com That is his PayPal email too, so donate a little smoething to him! Help an unknown artist out! He deserves it!! His new album with some amazing tracks is not out yet, so contact him) www.reidwillis.com The main song used in this is called "Parachute". The first aural song is called "My Sincerity" And please donate a little something to him! He deserves it! His
Shot with the 7D
Edited with Sony Vegas
Special thank you to Nathan Miller and Jason Vo for letting me use your equipment. And a massive THANK YOU to Mikaela Bandini and Caspar Diederik; without you two this would not be possible for me. Big hugs to you guys! www.cantforget.it
Thank you Steven Weinberg for the impromptu help getting the words to go in the video! you my script doctor! haha. Without you editing my words around it would've been a joke, lol.
And thank you to everyone who supported me with the project! SJ Chiro, Goncalo de Almeida Costa, Steven Weinberg, Joaquin Baldwin, Brenton Perry, and the list goes on and on!
9:30
"Motion Plus Design" Center : "What is Motion Design ?"
*** UPDATED VERSION (See Erratum below) ***
------------------------------- THE PROJECT
...
published: 28 Sep 2011
author: Motion Plus Design
"Motion Plus Design" Center : "What is Motion Design ?"
*** UPDATED VERSION (See Erratum below) ***
------------------------------- THE PROJECT
"Motion Plus Design" is a project which aims to create the first exhibition center
dedicated to Motion Design in Paris, france. This is a non-profit project. Students, professionals and anyone interested could discover artists, meet and learn. This centre will also provide an opportunity to promote artists in other design departments so the different graphic design worlds could cross. To make it real we need your support! The more we are, the more the project's got chances to exist!
Website : http://motion-plus-design.com
Get involved via facebook : http://www.facebook.com/pages/ENGLISH-Motion-Plus-Design/262169577157419
Mail : contact@motion-plus-design.com
Twitter : http://twitter.com/#!/Mo_Plus_Design
Newsletter : please send us your email at newsletter@motion-plus-design.com
Want to translate this film in your language ? : translate@motion-plus-design.com
------------------------------- OTHER LANGUAGES
Spanish : http://vimeo.com/31805518
Portuguese : http://vimeo.com/31805448
Chinese : http://vimeo.com/31801886
Japanese : http://vimeo.com/31805394
Russian : http://vimeo.com/31805480
Greek : http://vimeo.com/31805030
Turkish : http://vimeo.com/31805551
Italian : http://vimeo.com/31805364
Iranian : http://vimeo.com/31805331
German : http://vimeo.com/31805268
Dutch : http://vimeo.com/31804683
French : http://vimeo.com/29734504
------------------------------- ERRATUM
We were wrong on some credits of the previous version, big apologies for that.
Here are the new changes you'll see in this updated version :
/// MTV award 2009 opening sequence was in fact designed at Prologue by Ilya Abulhaniv
/// Panic Room opening sequence was in fact designed by Picture Mill
/// Donnie Brasco opening sequence was in fact designed at Imaginary Forces by Kyle Cooper
/// NBC More Colorful ident, was in fact designed at Capacity by Ellerey Gave & Alex Mapar
/// NBC ident (2006) was in fact designed at Capacity
/// Chanel 4 ident was in fact designed by Lambie Nairn
Youtube results:
6:50
MUSE HD!! "UPRISING" PLAYBACK VERY FUNNY AND CRAZY ON A ITALIAN TV & "INTERVIEW"!!! :D MATT PLAYS THE DRUMS!! DOM (THE BEST!! HA, HA, HA) PLAYS THE BASS AND SING!! AND CHRIS PLAY THE GUITAR AND KEYBOARDS!! "QUELLI CHE IL CALCIO PROGRAM" (20.09.2009)!!!
MUSE HD!! "UPRISING" PLAYBACK VERY FUNNY AND CRAZY ON A ITALIAN TV & "INTERVIEW"!!! :D MAT...
published: 25 Sep 2009
author: MuseExclusive
MUSE HD!! "UPRISING" PLAYBACK VERY FUNNY AND CRAZY ON A ITALIAN TV & "INTERVIEW"!!! :D MATT PLAYS THE DRUMS!! DOM (THE BEST!! HA, HA, HA) PLAYS THE BASS AND SING!! AND CHRIS PLAY THE GUITAR AND KEYBOARDS!! "QUELLI CHE IL CALCIO PROGRAM" (20.09.2009)!!!
MUSE HD!! "UPRISING" PLAYBACK VERY FUNNY AND CRAZY ON A ITALIAN TV & "INTERVIEW"!!! :D MATT PLAYS THE DRUMS!! DOM (THE BEST!! HA, HA, HA) PLAYS THE BASS AND SING!! AND CHRIS PLAY THE GUITAR AND KEYBOARDS!! "QUELLI CHE IL CALCIO PROGRAM" (20.09.2009)!!! INTERVIEW TRANSLATION Q: So your new album (the resistance) it's been completely recorded between milan and the lake of como... you love our country, why you love italy?? A: It's a beautiful country, we love to be here.. and our drummer Matt lives in como, so we built a studio in italy, we had a lot of fun.... you can have a lot of creativity! Q: I know that one of you has an italian girlfriend, a psychologist... right? A: Yeah, our drummer.. Q: what is better? clooney's house or the drumme's house?? A: I think George's is better... it is huge.... Q: I had read that you love simphonic music, you have a 40 pieces orchestra here in Milan, why this mix between rock music and orchestral music? A: the band had a kind of influence by the piano and artists such as chopin and rachmaninov so we tried tho take an orchestra to do something different from the past... it's been amazing Q: you talk a lot about apocalypse and real problems, your album came out on 9/11... don't think is a coincidence A. oh no it's just a coincidence.. someone thinks about a conspiracy but we are in a different time, the world is different and there was no messages with the album release. Thanks to himynameismartino for the script. XAVI SH www.xavi-sh.com
- published: 25 Sep 2009
- views: 165628
- author: MuseExclusive
4:33
Jiminy Glick Interviews Ray Romano
One of Jiminy Glick's first interviews... Ray Romano on the set of "Everybody Loves Raymon...
published: 30 Jul 2008
author: LAtvFan
Jiminy Glick Interviews Ray Romano
One of Jiminy Glick's first interviews... Ray Romano on the set of "Everybody Loves Raymond".
- published: 30 Jul 2008
- views: 99138
- author: LAtvFan
7:42
euronews interview - D'Alema: Merkel represents a 'selfish Europe'
www.euronews.com Former Italian Prime Minister and President of the Foundation for Europea...
published: 19 Apr 2012
author: Euronews
euronews interview - D'Alema: Merkel represents a 'selfish Europe'
www.euronews.com Former Italian Prime Minister and President of the Foundation for European Progressive Studies, Massimo D'Alema is considered a prominent, Italian leftist. He spoke to euronews about life after Berlusconi and the eurozone's troubles. euronews: "Italy had a shake up towards the end of 2011. Since then, it has slowly recovered but at great cost. The austerity plan has meant higher taxes, pension reform and now labour reform - with incentives for hiring and measures for layoffs. You're a leftist but what are the right answers?" Massimo D'Alema: "Well I have to say that Italy has taken a very important step forward since the replacement of the Berlusconi government. This, for Italy and for the eurozone, was very good news, because Italy was not responsible for the crisis, the government was." euronews: "But with how it is today, including the employment reforms, by introducing more flexibility without necessarily strengthening the safety net in a country where there is no minimum wage, where unemployment benefits are very limited and where the social protection is dysfunctional, are there still risks?" Massimo D'Alema: "The problem was the huge division of the labour market between workers and between the young people who have security and the ones who are in a more precarious situation - with no rights and no protection. So, the reform has two sides, one means there's more flexible work for protected workers but on the other side, there's now more protection ...
- published: 19 Apr 2012
- views: 543
- author: Euronews
8:32
euronews interview - Prandelli does it his way ahead of 2014
www.euronews.com "Distinguished for his fair play, honesty and social commitment": these a...
published: 16 Nov 2012
author: Euronews
euronews interview - Prandelli does it his way ahead of 2014
www.euronews.com "Distinguished for his fair play, honesty and social commitment": these are the reasons for which Italy manager Cesare Prandelli has recently been honoured with an "ethics in sport" award, one of the many gathered in his life as a player and then manager. Prandelli, 55 years old, is from a little town near Brescia. In 2010 he became coach of the Italian national team, and took them to the runners-up spot in the European football championships in June. As a footballer he grew up in Cremona, starting as a midfielder. Atalante heralded the bigtime, but it was at Juventus he enjoyed his peak years, 1979 to 1985 : three Championships, one Champion's League title, and a Cup-Winners cup, Italian cup and European Supercup. Yet the regular's spot in the team always eluded him. His is a long career, spanning some of the modern game's most significant developments. Euronews' Roberto Alpino caught up with him at Parma's football academy. euronews: "Welcome to Euronews. How good a player do you think you were?" Cesare Prandelli: "I think I did all right considering I wasn't super- skilled, but I still had a successful 10 years as a professional, so a good career." euronews: "So, congratulations, you're now a grandfather" CP: "Yes, it's a wonderful experience, especially as I've already told my son and daughter-in-law that I'll be a grandfather just like any other, I'll be spoiling the children, not bringing them up." "And being around all the time!" "Absolutely!" His ...
- published: 16 Nov 2012
- views: 309
- author: Euronews
photo: AP / Aleppo Revolution Against Assad Regime
29 Jan 2013
By Alexander Dziadosz and Oliver Holmes. BEIRUT, Jan 29 (Reuters) - At least 65 people were found shot dead with their hands bound in the northern Syrian city of Aleppo on Tuesday in a "new massacre" in the near two-year revolt against President Bashar al-Assad, activists said. Opposition campaigners blamed the government but it was impossible to confirm who was responsible ... The U.N ... State media did not mention the incident ... STALEMATE ... ....(size: 9.0Kb)
photo: AP / Korea Aerospace Research Institute
30 Jan 2013
Launch of 140-tonne rocket likely to anger North Korea, which incurred tougher UN sanctions after December launch. The rocket takes off from its launchpad at Naro, south of Seoul. South Korea has twice before failed to put a satellite into space. Photograph. Kari/AFP/Getty Images ... Relief greeted the Naro rocket's flawless liftoff from a space centre on the south coast at 4pm local time ... ....(size: 3.1Kb)
photo: AP / David Guttenfelder
30 Jan 2013
SEOUL - Until Tuesday, North Korea appeared on Google Maps as a near-total white space -- no roads, no train lines, no parks and no restaurants. The only thing labeled was the capital city, Pyongyang. This all changed when Google, on Tuesday, rolled out a detailed map of one of the world's most secretive states ... Similar processes were used in other once-unmapped countries like Afghanistan and Myanmar ... ....(size: 2.4Kb)
photo: AP / Patrick Semansky
30 Jan 2013
LAS VEGAS -- Seizing an opening to rewrite the nation's immigration laws, President Barack Obama challenged Congress on Tuesday to act swiftly to put 11 million illegal immigrants living in the United States on a clear path to citizenship ... The response suggests that reaching consensus on immigration law changes remained difficult despite a new bipartisan push since the November elections ... Mr ... Sen ... He continued ... Although Mr ... Mr ... Mr ... ....(size: 5.5Kb)
photo: AP / Khalil Hamra
28 Jan 2013
Egyptian President Mohamed Morsy on Sunday declared a state of emergency and a nightime curfew for one month in three restive cities after days of deadly violence. Mr. Morsy, facing his worst crisis since taking office in June, said the measures would take effect on Sunday night in the cities of Port Said, Suez and Ismailia ... Keywords....(size: 1.7Kb)
The Examiner
31 Jan 2013
Celebrate the 30th Annual Colchester Winter Carnival February 1, 2, 3, 2013. This examiner is participating in the Chili Challenge which takes place Saturday, Feb. 2, at 10.30 a.m ... Black bean and Italian Sausage recipe, part one. ... Tomatoes ... Black bean and Italian Sausage ... Beans ... Brown ground hot & spicy Italian sausage in frying pan with onions ... Black bean and Italian Sausage recipe, part oneColchester Community Chili BowlGridiron Guide....(size: 8.0Kb)
The Examiner
31 Jan 2013
Celebrate the 30th Annual Colchester Winter Carnival February 1, 2, 3, 2013. Bracelets $5 in advance, $6 at the event. Please click above link for list of events and activities ... at Colchester High School ... 2, at 10.30 a.m ... Adding Penzeys Spices 33rd & Galena spice blend to black bean and Italian sausage chili ... Chili challenge ... Pamela R ... Black bean and Italian sausage Chili ... Black bean and Italian Sausage recipe, part two for remaining details....(size: 8.0Kb)
noodls
31 Jan 2013
The captain's supporters also include many from the local Italian community. The Gruenther's are heavily involved in their community, leading the Maniago township's chapter of the Vicini Americani (or American Neighbors) program, which helps to build friendships between the American and Italian families in the communities outside the base ... He also loves helping Italians who ask for help with their English....(size: 7.3Kb)
Bloomberg
31 Jan 2013
Italian Senator Elio Lannutti, who also heads Adusbef, a consumer group for bank customers, called on prosecutors to extend their criminal investigation to include the oversight by the Bank of Italy and market regulator Consob ... German newspapers have pointed the spotlight at the fact that the irregularities happened while he was running the Italian central bank....(size: 6.8Kb)
The Inquisitr
31 Jan 2013
Posted. January 30, 2013. Mario Balotelli’s $30 million transfer from Manchester City to AC Milan was celebrated so intensely by the club’s supporters that they ended up clashing with Italian police ... Balotelli was flown to Milan on a private jet alongside the Italian club’s vice-president, Adriano Galliani, who said, “With his arrival, we have reinforced our team a lot ... Category. Soccer. Tags ... ....(size: 2.5Kb)
Ohio
31 Jan 2013
MILAN. Fiat SpA, the Italian automaker that controls Chrysler LLC, said Wednesday it had reduced its fourth-quarter losses in Europe last year, helping earnings more than double as North American sales continued to surge. The carmaker based in the northern Italian city of Turin posted net profit of $138 million, up from $58.4 million in the same period last year. Revenues were $29.6 billion ... Improving U.S ... The No. 3 U.S ... ....(size: 3.1Kb)
The Dallas Morning News
31 Jan 2013
Maybe it was that much-overdue New Year’s serving of black-eyed peas the Impatient Palate had not yet enjoyed. Or, maybe it. was a serious hankering for a hearty chicken-fried steak smothered in cream gravy. Whatever it was, Preston Center’s newish Black-eyed Pea restaurant was her first stop in January ... At the new Mangiamo Italian Restaurant in North Dallas, you’ll find New York-style pizza, entrees and hot Italian heroes on the menu ... ....(size: 3.5Kb)
Newsday
31 Jan 2013
Photos. "A riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma." 's famous description of easily could be applied to Mario Balotelli. With one important difference. Hidden inside the jumble of myths, stories and questions that Balotelli lugs around is a fabulous soccer player ... As former star Noel Gallagher, a fan of the Italian, said in one of Balotelli's rare interviews in England ... He scored both Italian goals in a 2-1 semifinal victory over ....(size: 5.3Kb)
Irish Times
31 Jan 2013
SHANE STOKES. Speaking for the first time since his Oprah Winfrey interview, Lance Armstrong has criticised International Cycling Union (UCI) president Pat McQuaid and said he believes the Irishman is primarily focused on protecting his position ... Amnesty granted ... He also downplayed the involvement of the controversial Italian doctor Michele Ferrari. Asked about that, he denied he tried to shield the Italian or anyone else ... ... Cycling News....(size: 5.1Kb)
Sydney Morning Herald
31 Jan 2013
The controversial referendum that British Prime Minister David Cameron has promised on his country's European Union membership is "very healthy," Italian Prime Minister Mario ......(size: 0.9Kb)
The Times of India
31 Jan 2013
CHENNAI ... BMW bought Italian firm Husqvarna from MV Agusta in 2008. When contacted Bajaj Auto refused to comment on the matter ... ....(size: 0.7Kb)
Sydney Morning Herald
31 Jan 2013
Liverpool have signed Brazilian midfielder Philippe Coutinho on a "long-term" contract from Italian giants Inter Milan, the English Premier League club have announced ... Advertisement ....(size: 0.9Kb)
This article is about the people of Italy. For a specific analysis of the population of Italy, see Demographics of Italy. For an analysis on the nationality, see Italian nationality law. For an analysis on the people originating from the peninsula and surrounding areas, see Italic people.
1st row: Alessandro Volta, Rita Levi-Montalcini, Vittorio Gassman, Caravaggio |
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| c. 124 million | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Regions with significant populations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Italy 56,113,514 [1] |
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historically Latin, nowdays Italian and other languages |
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predominantly Roman Catholic, others |
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Greeks • French • Portuguese • Sardinian • Sicilian • Spanish • Romanians • Croats |
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| a Italians by birth, not including an indeterminable number of Frenchmen of Italian ancestry numbering as much as five million.[23] b includes 291,200 permanent residents;[24] not including about 500,000 Italian-speaking Swiss people, |
Italians (Italian: italiani) are an ethnic group native of Southern Europe that share a common Italian culture, ancestry and speak the Italian language as a mother tongue. Within Italy, Italians are defined by citizenship, regardless of ancestry or country of residence (though the principle of jus sanguinis is used extensively and arguably more favorably in the Italian nationality law), and are distinguished from people of Italian descent and, historically, from ethnic Italians living in the unredeemed territories adjacent to the Italian Peninsula.[25]
In 2012, in addition to the 60 million Italians in Italy and 3,000 in San Marino,[26] Italian-speaking, autonomous groups are found in neighboring countries: about 500,000 in Switzerland, a large, but undefined population in France (Nice, Corsica),[23] and smaller groups in Slovenia and Croatia, primarily in Istria. If regarded as an ethnic group, they constitute one of the world's largest.
Because of wide-ranging and long-lasting diaspora, about 4 and half million Italian citizens and over 70 million people of full or part Italian ancestry live outside of Italy, most notably in South America, North America, Australia and parts of Europe.
Italians have greatly influenced and contributed to science, the arts, technology, culture, cuisine, sport and banking[27] abroad[28] and worldwide. Italian people are generally known for their localism, both regionalist that municipalist,[29] attention to clothing, family values[30] and devoutness to the Christian faith and association with the Catholic Church.[31]
Contents |
History[link]
Main article: History of Italy
End of the Western Roman Empire[link]
Main articles: Etruscan civilization and Ancient Rome
For nearly 1,500 years, starting about 1000 BC., the history of Italy was partially the history of the Etruscans and mostly the one of ancient Rome.
The Etruscan civilization, a great maritime, commercial, and artistic culture, reached its peak about the 7th century, but by 509 BC, when the Romans overthrew their Etruscan monarchs, its control in Italy was on the wane.
By 350 BC, after a series of wars with both Greeks and Etruscans, the Latins, with Rome as their capital, gained the ascendancy by 272 BC, and they managed to unite the entire Italian peninsula.
This period of unification was followed by one of conquest in the Mediterranean, beginning with the First Punic War against Carthage. In the course of the century-long struggle against Carthage, the Romans conquered Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica. Finally, in 146 BC, at the conclusion of the Third Punic War, with Carthage completely destroyed and its inhabitants enslaved, Rome became the dominant power in the Mediterranean. From its inception, Rome was a republican city-state, but four famous civil conflicts destroyed the republic: Lucius Cornelius Sulla against Gaius Marius and his son (88–82 BC), Julius Caesar against Pompey (49–45 BC), Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus against Mark Antony and Octavian (43 BC), and Mark Antony against Octavian.
Octavian, the final victor (31 BC), was accorded the title of Augustus by the Senate and thereby became the first Roman emperor. Augustus created for the first time an administrative region called Italia with inhabitants called "Italicus populus", stretching from the Alps to Sicily: for this reason historians like Gentile called him Father of Italians.
Under imperial rule, Rome undertook a series of conquests that brought Roman law, Roman administration, and Pax Romana to an area extending from the Atlantic to the Rhine, to the British Isles, to the Iberian Peninsula and large parts of North Africa, and to the Middle East as far as the Euphrates.
After two centuries of successful rule, in the 3rd century AD, Rome was threatened by internal discord and menaced by Germanic and Asian invaders, commonly called barbarians (from the Latin word barbari, "foreigners"). Emperor Diocletian's administrative division of the empire into two parts in 285 provided only temporary relief; it became permanent in 395. In 313, Emperor Constantine accepted Christianity, and churches thereafter rose throughout the empire.[32] However, he also moved his capital from Rome to Constantinople, greatly reducing the importance of the former. The last Roman emperor, Romulus Augustulus, was deposed in AD 476 by a Germanic foederati general in Italy, Odoacer. His defeat marked the end of the western part of the Roman Empire. During most of the period from the fall of Rome until the Kingdom of Italy was established in 1861, the peninsula was divided into several smaller states. These states were frequently conquered by other countries.
The Middle Ages[link]
Main article: Italy in the Middle Ages
Odoacer ruled well for 13 years after gaining control of Italy in 476. Then he was attacked and defeated by Theodoric, the king of another Germanic tribe, the Ostrogoths. Theodoric and Odoacer ruled jointly until 493, when Theodoric murdered Odoacer. Theodoric continued to rule Italy with an army of Ostrogoths and a government that was mostly Italian. He brought peace to the country, but after his death in 526, the kingdom began to grow weak. By 553, Justinian I, the Byzantine emperor who ruled the eastern part of the Roman Empire, expelled the Ostrogoths. The old Roman Empire was mostly united again, even if at the price of the total destruction of the Italian peninsula (Rome -under Augustus the first "one million inhabitants" city in the world- was reduced to a small village of just one thousand inhabitants). But Byzantine rule in Italy collapsed by 572 as a result of invasions by another Germanic tribe, the Lombards.
During the 5th and 6th centuries, the popes increased their influence in both religious and political matters in Italy. It was usually the popes who led attempts to protect Italy from invasion or to soften foreign rule. For about 200 years the popes opposed attempts by the Lombards, who had captured most of Italy, to take over Rome as well. The popes finally defeated the Lombards with the aid of two Frankish kings, Pepin the Short and Charlemagne. Using land won for them by Pepin in 756, the popes established political rule in what were called the Papal States in central Italy.
The Lombards remained a threat to papal power, however, until they were crushed by Charlemagne in 774. Charlemagne added the Lombard kingdom to his vast realm. In recognition of Charlemagne's power, and to cement the church's alliance with him, Charlemagne was crowned emperor of the Romans by Pope Leo III in 800.[33]
After Charlemagne's death in 814, his son Louis the Pious succeeded him. Louis divided the empire among his sons, who fought each other for territory. Such battles continued until Otto the Great, the king of Germany, was crowned emperor in 962. This marked the beginning of what later was called the Holy Roman Empire.
Rise of the city-states[link]
Main article: Italian city-states
From the 11th century on, Italian cities began to grow rapidly in independence and importance. They became centers of political life, banking, and foreign trade. Some became wealthy, and many, including Florence, Genoa, Milan, Pisa, and Venice, grew into nearly independent city-states. Each had its own foreign policy and political life. They all resisted the efforts of noblemen and emperors to control them.
During the 14th and 15th centuries, some Italian city-states ranked among the most important powers of Europe. However, the city-states were often troubled by violent disagreements among their citizens. The most famous division was between the Guelphs and Ghibellines. The Guelphs supported supreme rule by the pope, and the Ghibellines favored the emperor. City-states often took sides and waged war against each other. This weakened the city-states and resulted in their capture by foreign invaders.
Venice, in particular, had become a major maritime power, and the city-states as a group acted as a conduit for goods and learning from the Byzantine and Islamic empires. In this capacity, they provided great impetus to the developing Renaissance, which between the 13th and 16th centuries led to an unparalleled flourishing of the arts, literature, music, and science.
During the Renaissance, Italy became an even more attractive prize to foreign conquerors. After some city-states asked for outside help in settling disputes with their neighbors, King Charles VIII of France marched into Italy in 1494. The city-states could not hold back the French army. Charles soon withdrew, but he had shown that the cities of Italy could be conquered because they were not united. After the Italian Wars, Spain emerged as the dominant force in the region. Venice, Milan, and other city-states retained at least some of their former greatness during this period, as did Savoy-Piedmont, protected by the Alps and well defended by its vigorous rulers.
The French Revolution and Napoleon[link]
Main article: Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy
Economic hardship, waves of the plague, and religious unrest tormented the region throughout the 17th century and into the 18th.
The French Revolution and Napoleon influenced Italy more deeply than they affected any other country of Europe, except France. The French Revolution began in 1789 and immediately found supporters among the Italian people. The local Italian rulers, sensing danger in their own country, drew closer to the European kings who opposed France. After the French king was overthrown and France became a republic, secret clubs favoring an Italian republic were formed throughout Italy. The armies of the French Republic began to move across Europe. In 1796, Napoleon Bonaparte led a French army into northern Italy and drove out the Austrian rulers. Once again, Italy was the scene of battle between the Habsburgs and the French. Wherever France conquered, Italian republics were set up, with constitutions and legal reforms. Napoleon made himself emperor in 1804, and part of northern Italy became the Kingdom of Italy under his rule. The rest of northern Italy was added to France. Only Sicily and Sardinia remained free of French control.
French rule lasted less than 20 years, and it differed from previous foreign control of the Italian peninsula. In spite of heavy taxation and frequent harshness, the French introduced representative assemblies and new laws that were the same for all parts of the country. For the first time since the days of ancient Rome, Italians of different regions used the same money and served in the same army. Many Italians began to see the possibility of a united Italy free of foreign control.
The Kingdom of Italy[link]
Main article: Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
The French Revolution was brought to the Italian peninsula by Napoleon, and the concepts of nationalism and liberalism infiltrated everywhere. Short-lived republics and even a Kingdom of Italy were formed. But reaction set in with the Congress of Vienna, and many of the old rulers and systems were restored under Austrian domination. The concept of nationalism continued strong, however, and sporadic outbreaks led by such inveterate reformers as Giuseppe Mazzini occurred in several parts of the peninsula down to 1848–49. This Risorgimento movement was brought to a successful conclusion under the able guidance of Camillo Benso, conte di Cavour, prime minister of Piedmont.
Cavour managed to unite most of Italy under the headship of Victor Emmanuel II of the house of Savoy, and on 17 March 1861, the Kingdom of Italy was proclaimed with Victor Emmanuel II as king. Giuseppe Garibaldi, the popular republican hero of Italy, contributed much to this achievement and to the subsequent incorporation of the Papal States under the Italian monarch. Italian troops occupied Rome in 1870, and in July 1871, it formally became the capital of the kingdom. Pope Pius IX, a longtime rival of Italian kings, considered himself a "prisoner" of the Vatican and refused to cooperate with the royal administration. Only in 1929 the Roman Pope accepted the unified Italy with capital in Rome.
In the following decades Italy started to create colonies in Africa (and even a small one in Asia) and with Benito Mussolini's fascism founded in 1936 an Italian Empire. World War I completed the process of Italian unification, with Istria, Trentino-Alto Adige and Zara added to Italy. The Italians grew to 45 millions in 1940 and started developing a huge industrial power, mainly in northern Italy. But WWII soon destroyed Italy and its colonial power.
The Italian republic[link]
Main article: History of the Italian Republic
Between 1945 an 1948, the outlines of a new Italy began to appear. Victor Emmanuel III gave up the throne on May 9, 1946, and his son, Umberto II, became king. On June 2, Italy held its first free election in 20 years (Il ventennio). Italians chose a republic to replace the monarchy, which had been closely associated with Fascism. They elected a Constituent Assembly to prepare a new democratic constitution. The Assembly approved the constitution in 1947, which came into force since January 1, 1948.
Ethnicity[link]
The original indoeuropean tribes of the Italic people settled in neolitical times in the Italian peninsula. Usually these tribes were historically divided between Liguri, Veneti, Latins, Siculi, etc. Successively they were united and amalgamated by Rome, together with the Etruscans in central Italy, Celtic Gauls in the Po river plains, and Greeks in the so called Magna Grecia.
Most Italians have common Roman Latin ancestry as well as a variety of other ancestries. Many Italians have Lombard heritage as a result of the Germanic tribe of the Lombards occupying and settling most of Italy.[34] Claims that the Lombards wiped out Roman heritage in Italy have been proven false with evidence of a mixing of Roman and Germanic names in northern Italy as well as cultural artifacts that reveal a mixing of Roman and Lombard culture, such as Lombard pottery using Roman crafting techniques.[35]
The western part of Northern Italy has held linguistic and cultural connections with people from Occitania, particularly the Piedmontese hold such connections with Occitania.[36]
Southern Italy has an ancestral Greek heritage alongside the Italic one.[37] Southern Italy was influenced both by the ancient Greeks of Magna Graecia who brought Hellenic culture to Italy, and by the arrival of modern Greeks to Southern Italy in the 17th century during the rule of the Byzantine Empire.[38]
Sicilians have a diverse ancestry. After Byzantine rule, Sicily was conquered by Arab and Berber peoples, resulting in the introduction of Islam into Sicily.[39] However there were other ethnic influences in Sicily during its Islamic era as well from arriving immigration.[40] The intermixing of indigenous Latin Sicilians with Arabs and Berbers did not always transmit Islamic culture to the people as many held on to Christianity as a symbol of defiance, though remained relatively positive social relations remained between Sicily's Christian and Muslim communities.[41] After the short period of Arab rule, the island was conquered by Norman warlords. The Normans brought a new addition to Sicilian ancestry.[42] During the subsequent Swabian rule under the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II, who spent most of his life as king of Sicily in his court in Palermo, the Islamic element was progressively eradicated till the massive deportation of the last Muslims of Sicily.[43]
Furthermore, there it is a 7% of linguistic minorities (albanian, german, greek, slav, etc..) in the Italian population.[citation needed]
Culture[link]
Main article: Culture of Italy
From antiquity until the late 16th century, the Italians were at the centre of the Western culture, being the fulcrum or origin of Ancient Rome, the Roman Catholic Church, the Humanism and the Renaissance.[44] The first merchants and bankers were florentine and genoese and they created capitalism during the Renaissance.
Italy became also a seat of great formal learning in 1088 with the establishment of the University of Bologna, the first university in Europe.[45] Other Italian universities soon followed. For example, the Schola Medica Salernitana, in southern Italy, was the first medical school of medieval Europe.[46] These great centers of learning presaged the Rinascimento: the European Renaissance began in Italy and was fueled throughout Europe by Italian painters, sculptors, architects, scientists, literature masters and music composers. Italy continued its leading cultural role through the Baroque period and into the Romantic period, when its dominance in painting and sculpture diminished but the Italians reestablished a strong presence in music.
Fundamental contributions to science and technology were given by Italian scientists. Galileo Galilei has been called the "father of modern observational astronomy",[47]because of his discovery of telescope and heliocentrism, and even "the Father of Modern Science".[48]. Among the technological innovations on which today's information and communication technologies are grounded, we can mention the following: electric batteries (Alessandro Volta), radio (Guglielmo Marconi), telephone (Antonio Meucci), the microprocessor (Federico Faggin), compressed audio (MP3) and video (MPEG) (Leonardo Chiariglione).
Italian explorers in the 15th and 16th centuries left a perennial mark on human history with the modern "discovery of America", due to Christopher Columbus; furthermore, the name of the American continents derives from Amerigo Vespucci's first name.
Italy did not exist as a "political state" until its unification in 1861.[49] Due to this comparatively late unification, and the historical autonomy of the regions that comprise the Italian peninsula, many traditions and customs of the Italians that are now recognized as distinctly Italian can be identified by their regions of origin. Despite the political and social isolation of these regions, Italy's contributions to the cultural and historical heritage of the Western world remain immense.Famous elements of Italian culture are its opera and music, its iconic gastronomy and food, which are commonly regarded as amongst the most popular in the world,[50] its cinema (with classic films such as La Dolce Vita, Life is Beautiful, The Good, the Bad and the Ugly etc.), its collections of priceless works of art and its fashion (Milan and Florence are regarded as some of the few fashion capitals of the world).
Furthermore, Italy is home to the greatest number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites (47) to date,[51] and one estimate says that the country is home to half the world's great art treasures.[52]
Italian diaspora[link]
Main article: Italian diaspora
Strictly defined, the Italian Diaspora took place between the unification of the country in 1861 and the outbreak of World War I in 1914. However, large-scale migrations phenomena did not recede until the late 1920s, well into the Fascist regime, and one last wave can be observed after the end of World War II.
Over 70 million people of full or partial Italian descent live outside of Europe, with nearly 50 million living in South America (primarily Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay), about 19 million living in North America (United States and Canada) and 850,000 in Australia. Millions of others live in other parts of Europe (primarily France, Germany and Switzerland). Most Italian citizens living abroad live in other nations of the European Union.
Full or partial descent[link]
Main article: Oriundo
| Country | Population | References |
|---|---|---|
 Italian Brazilians |
28/35,000,000 | [53][54] |
 Italian Argentines |
15/20,000,000 | [2][3] |
 Italian Americans |
17,800,000 | [55] |
 Italians in France |
1,5/5,000,000 | [2][23][56] |
 Italian Uruguayans |
1,500,000 | [5] |
 Italian Canadians |
1,445,335 | [57] |
 Italo-Venezuelans |
900,000 | [58] |
 Italian Australians |
852,418 | [59] |
 Italian Germans |
600,000/650,000 | [10] |
 Italian Peruvians |
500,000 | [11] |
 Italian Chileans |
150,000 | [2] |
 Italian Ecuadorians |
90,000 | [60] |
 Italian Mexicans |
15,000 | [2] |
Autochthonous Italian communities outside Italy[link]
.
In both the Slovenian and Croatian portions of Istria, in Dalmatia as well as in the city of Rijeka, Italian refers to autochthonous speakers of Italian and various Italo-Dalmatian languages, natives in the region since before the inception of the Venetian Republic, and also to descendants of Italians that migrated to the area in the early-to-mid-20th Century when it was a part of Italy. It can also refer to Istrian Slavs who adopted the Italian culture and language as they moved from rural to urban areas, or from the farms into the bourgeoisie, since the time of the Austrian Empire through to the period of annexation to Italy. In the aftermath of the Istrian exodus following the Second World War, most Italian speakers consider themselves ethnic Italian and are today located in the south and west of Istria, and number about 32,000.[61][62] The number of inhabitants with Italian ancestry is likely much greater but undeterminable.
The 1816 Austro-Hungarian census registered 66,000 Italian-speaking people amongst the 301,000 inhabitants of Dalmatia, or 22% of the total Dalmatian population.[63]
In France (County of Nice, parts of Savoy), autochthonous speakers of regional languages of Italy (Ligurian and Piedmontese), are natives in the region since before annexation to France in 1860, in addition to descendants of Italians that migrated to the areas when they were part of Italian states. The number of inhabitants with Italian ancestry is generally undeterminable, and the use of French language is now ubiquitous.
In addition, Corsica was a part of the Republic of Genoa until 1770 and, until recently, most Corsicans spoke the Corsican Italian dialect and even the Italian language.
Notes[link]
- ^ [1] Italia Ora - l'Italia in tempo reale. ItaliaOra.org Web. 10 October 2011. (Italian)
- ^ a b c d e f g (Italian) http://www.migranti.torino.it/Documenti%20%20PDF/italianial%20ster05.pdf
- ^ a b [2] Unos 20 millones de personas que viven en la Argentina tienen algún grado de descendencia italiana. asteriscos.tv 27 June 2008. (Spanish)
- ^ "U.S. Census Bureau, 2009 American Community Survey". http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DTTable?_bm=y&-ds_name=ACS_2009_1YR_G00_&-mt_name=ACS_2009_1YR_G2000_B04003&-CONTEXT=dt&-redoLog=true&-currentselections=ACS_2007_1YR_G2000_B04001&-geo_id=01000US&-format=&-_lang=en. Retrieved December 25, 2011.
- ^ a b Gli Italiani in Uruguay. consultanazionaleemigrazione.it Web. 11 October 2011. (Italian)
- ^ "Ethnic origins, 2006 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories - 20% sample data". 2.statcan.ca. 2010-10-06. http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/ethnic/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Data=Count&Table=2&StartRec=1&Sort=3&Display=All&CSDFilter=5000. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
- ^ Santander Laya-Garrido, Alfonso. Los Italianos forjadores de la nacionalidad y del desarrollo economico en Venezuela. Editorial Vadell. Valencia, 1978
- ^ "Australian Census 2006". http://www.abs.gov.au.
- ^ Die italienische Auswanderung in die Schweiz. stadt-zuerich.ch 28 June 2009.
- ^ a b "Immigration Laws: October 2003 - Number No. 14". MigrationInt.com. http://www.migrationint.com.au/news/solomon_islands/oct_2003-14mn.asp. Retrieved 2007-05-04.
- ^ a b "Documento sin título". Lucanidelperu.com. http://www.lucanidelperu.com/presenza%20italiana.html. Retrieved 2010-09-02.
- ^ (French) "Insee - Population - Enquêtes annuelles de recensement 2004 et 2005 - Près de 5 millions d'immigrés à la mi-2004" (in French). http://www.insee.fr/fr/themes/document.asp?ref_id=ip1098®_id=0&page=graph#graphique1. Retrieved 2009-01-11.
- ^ "Informazioni sul Belgio / INCA BE - INCA BE" (in (Italian)). Inca-cgil.be. http://www.inca-cgil.be/informazioni_sul_belgio. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
- ^ (Spanish) "Demographía" (in Spanish) (PDF). Ine.es. 2006. http://www.ine.es/prodyser/pubweb/anuario06/anu06_02demog.pdf. Retrieved 2007-05-04.
- ^ http://www.abc.com.py/nota/los-italianos-y-su-aporte-a-la-nacion/
- ^ http://www.ambitalquito.org/ZaccariaDAniello.pdf
- ^ "RO.AS.IT - Asociatia Italienilor din Romania". Roasit.ro. http://www.roasit.ro/html/ro/linkuri.php/. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
- ^ "Population by Ethnicity, by Towns/Municipalities, Census 2001". DZS.hr. 2001. http://www.dzs.hr/Eng/censuses/Census2001/Popis/E01_02_02/E01_02_02.html. Retrieved 2007-05-09.
- ^ "Recensement de la population: Population par nationalité 1875 - 2001". statec.lu. http://www.statistiques.public.lu/stat/TableViewer/tableView.aspx?ReportId=389&IF_Language=fra&MainTheme=2&FldrName=1&RFPath=68. Retrieved 2010-11-09.
- ^ "CIA - The World Factbook - Monaco". CIA.gov. April 17, 2007. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mn.html#People. Retrieved 2007-05-09. Dose not include native Monegasque.
- ^ http://www.sanmarinosite.com/eng/demografia.html
- ^ "AM.AS.IT - Asociatia Italienilor din Armenia". Roasit.ro. http://www.roasit.am/html/ro/linkuri.php/. Retrieved 2010-05-22.
- ^ a b c Cohen, Robin. The Cambridge survey of world migration. Cambridge University Press, 1995. pp. 142-4. Web. 22 May 2011.
- ^ "Swiss Statistics - Nationality". Bfs.admin.ch. 2010-08-24. http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/themen/01/07/blank/key/01/01.html. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
- ^ [3] Italian Citizenship. www.interno.it Web. 26 March 2011.
- ^ http://www.sanmarinosite.com/eng/demografia.html
- ^ Macesich, George. Issues in Money and Banking. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2000. p. 42. Web. 08 October 2011.
"The first state deposit bank was the Bank of St. George in Genoa, which was established in 1407." - ^ [4] The essence of Italian culture and the challenge of the global age: Italian cultural identity and migration. www.crvp.org Web. 02 September 2010.
- ^ Keating, Michael. Regions and regionalism in Europe. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2004. p. 378. Web. 08 October 2011.
- ^ [5] Italy, People. dev.prenhall.com Web. 02 September 2010.
- ^ The World Fact Book: People - Italy CIA.gov Web. 08 October 2011.
- ^ George, Maya. Faith & philosophy of Christianity. Gyan Publishing House, 2009. p. 25. Web. 09 October 2011.
- ^ McKitterick, Rosamond. The New Cambridge medieval history. Volume 4, Parte 2. Cambridge University Press, 1995. p. 105. Web. 10 October 2011.
- ^ Timothy W. Potter. Roman Italy. University of California Press, 1987. Pp. 218.
- ^ Timothy W. Potter. Roman Italy. University of California Press, 1987. Pp. 218.
- ^ David Lowenthal. George Perkins Marsh, Prophet of Conservation. University of Washington Press, 2003. Pp. 260-261.
- ^ Giovanna Ceserani. Italy's Lost Greece: Magna Graecia and the Making of Modern Archaeology. Oxford University Press, 2012. Pp. 34.
- ^ Giovanna Ceserani. Italy's Lost Greece: Magna Graecia and the Making of Modern Archaeology. Oxford University Press, 2012. Pp. 34.
- ^ Alex Metcalfe. The Muslims of Medieval Italy. Edinburgh, Scotland, UK: Edinburgh University Press, 2009. Pp. 39.
- ^ Alex Metcalfe. The Muslims of Medieval Italy. Edinburgh, Scotland, UK: Edinburgh University Press, 2009. Pp. 39.
- ^ Alex Metcalfe. The Muslims of Medieval Italy. Edinburgh, Scotland, UK: Edinburgh University Press, 2009. Pp. 39.
- ^ Alex Metcalfe. The Muslims of Medieval Italy. Edinburgh, Scotland, UK: Edinburgh University Press, 2009. Pp. 88.
- ^ David Abulafia, Mediterranean encounters, economic, religious, political, 1100-1550, Ashgate Publishing, 2001, p. 236.
- ^ Landau, Sarah. Renaissance (1300s-1600s). Department of Fine Arts New York University. Web. 25 Sep. 2011.
- ^ Spielvogel, Jackson J. Western Civilization: Volume I: A Brief History. Cengage Learning, 2010. p. 186. Web. 22 Sep. 2011.
- ^ Windsor, Laura Lynn. Women in medicine: an encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2002. p. 202. Web. 27 Sep. 2011.
- ^ Singer, Charles (1941). A Short History of Science to the Nineteenth Century. Clarendon Press. http://www.google.com.au/books?id=mPIgAAAAMAAJ&pgis=1 (page 217)
- ^ Finocchiaro, Maurice. The Galileo Affair: A Documentary History (http://books.google.com/?id=wKCZFJuMCaQC&printsec=frontcover&q= )
- ^ "Risorgimento." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2011. Web. 25 Sep. 2011.
- ^ Mariani, John F. How Italian Food Conquered the World. Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. p. 15. Web. 25 Sep. 2011.
- ^ [6] UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Web. 25 Sep. 2011.
- ^ Abbot, Charles. Italy. Morellini Editore, 2006. p. 101. Web. 24 Sep. 2011.
- ^ Gli Italiani in Brasile. consultanazionaleemigrazione.it Web. 22 May 2011. (Italian)[dead link]
- ^ [7] Storia. ambbrasilia.esteri.it Web. 30 May 2009. (Italian)
- ^ [8] United States. factfinder.census.gov Web. 08 May 2008.
- ^ "italiani in Francia, storie di " ritals "". Archiviostorico.corriere.it. http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/1994/gennaio/26/italiani_Francia_storie_ritals__co_0_9401267517.shtml. Retrieved 2009-05-30.
- ^ [9] Ethnic origins, 2006 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories - 20% sample data. statcan.gc.ca Web. 22 May 2011.
- ^ Santander Laya-Garrido, Alfonso. Los Italianos forjadores de la nacionalidad y del desarrollo economico en Venezuela. Editorial Vadell. Valencia, 1978.
- ^ [10] Australian Census 2006. abs.gov.au Web. 11 October 2011.
- ^ La inmigración italiana en Ecuador en los años 20. ambitalquito.org Web. 12 October 2011. (Italian)(Spanish)
- ^ [11] Languages of Croatia. ethnologue.com Web. 10 October 2011.
- ^ [12] Population by ethnic affiliation, Slovenia, Census 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991 and 2002. stat.si Web. 10 October 2011.
- ^ Montani, Carlo. Venezia Giulia, Dalmazia - Sommario Storico - An Historical Outline
Bibliography[link]
- Finocchiaro, Maurice A.The Galileo Affair: A Documentary History. University of California. Berkeley, 1989 ISBN 0-520-06662-6
- Montanelli, Indro. L'Italia del Risorgimento. Editore Rizzoli. Milano, 1972
See also[link]
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http://wn.com/Italians
Related pages:
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http://id.wn.com/Bangsa Italia
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http://ru.wn.com/Итальянцы
http://nl.wn.com/Italianen
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italians
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
For other people named Eddie Murphy, see Eddie Murphy (disambiguation).
| Eddie Murphy | |
|---|---|
 Murphy at the Tribeca Film Festival for Shrek Forever After in 2010. |
|
| Birth name | Edward Regan Murphy |
| Born | (1961-04-03) April 3, 1961 (age 51) Brooklyn, New York, United States |
| Medium | Film, television, stand-up, music, books |
| Nationality | American |
| Years active | 1976–present |
| Genres | Observational comedy, musical comedy, black comedy, satire, physical comedy, Dance Pop |
| Subject(s) | African American culture, race relations, racism, marriage, everyday life, current events, pop culture, human sexuality |
| Influences | Bill Cosby,[1] Richard Pryor,[1] Peter Sellers, Redd Foxx[1] Robin Williams,[1] |
| Spouse | Nicole Mitchell (1993–2006) (divorced) 5 children Tracey Edmonds (2008) (unofficial) |
| Domestic partner(s) | Melanie Brown (2006–07) 1 child |
| Notable works and roles | Axel Foley in Beverly Hills Cop Various on Saturday Night Live Shrek series |
Edward Regan "Eddie" Murphy (born April 3, 1961) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, writer, singer, director, and musician.
Box office takes from Murphy's films make him the second-highest grossing actor in the United States.[2][3] He was a regular cast member on Saturday Night Live from 1980 to 1984 and has worked as a stand-up comedian. He was ranked #10 on Comedy Central's list of the 100 Greatest Stand-ups of All Time.[4]
He has received Golden Globe Award nominations for his performances in 48 Hrs, Beverly Hills Cop series, Trading Places, and The Nutty Professor. In 2007, he won the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actor and received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his portrayal of soul singer James "Thunder" Early in Dreamgirls.[5]
Eddie Murphy's work as a voice actor includes Thurgood Stubbs in The PJs, Donkey in the Shrek series and the dragon Mushu in Disney's Mulan. In some of his films, he plays multiple roles in addition to his main character, intended as a tribute to one of his idols Peter Sellers, who played multiple roles in Dr. Strangelove and elsewhere. Murphy has played multiple roles in Coming to America, Wes Craven's Vampire In Brooklyn, the Nutty Professor films (where he played the title role in two incarnations, plus his father, brother, mother, and grandmother), Bowfinger, Norbit, and Meet Dave.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Murphy grew up in the Brooklyn neighborhood of Bushwick.[6] His mother, Lillian, was a telephone operator, and his father, Charles Edward Murphy, was a transit police officer and an amateur actor and comedian.[1][7][8][9] His father died when he was young. When Murphy's single mom became ill, the eight-year-old Eddie Murphy and his older brother lived in foster care for one year.[10] In interviews, the actor and comedian says that his time in foster care was influential in developing his sense of humour. Later Murphy and his older brother Charlie were raised in Roosevelt, New York by his mother and stepfather Vernon Lynch, a foreman at an ice cream plant.[1] Around the age of 15, Murphy was writing and performing his own routines, which were heavily influenced by Bill Cosby and Richard Pryor.[1]
Career[link]
Stand-up comedy[link]
Murphy performed stand-up at the same Bay Area Comedy Club as Robin Williams and Whoopi Goldberg. His early comedy was characterized by frequent swearing and sketches lampooning a diverse group of people (including WASPs, African Americans, Italian Americans, overweight people, and gay people). This racy content was akin to that of Richard Pryor, whom Murphy has credited as his inspiration to enter comedy;[1] however, in his autobiography, Pryor Convictions, Pryor wrote that he found Murphy's comedy at times excessively insensitive. Murphy later apologized for insensitive jokes about gay people and HIV. The stand-up shows Delirious and Raw have been recorded and released.
1980s acting career[link]
Murphy first earned attention as a regular actor at Saturday Night Live, and was credited with helping revitalize the series during its first true slump in quality in the early 1980s.[11] Some of his notable characters included a grown version of the Little Rascals character Buckwheat,[12] impoverished but street-wise children's show host Mr. Robinson (a spoof of Fred Rogers, who found it amusing),[13] and Gumby,[12] a harshly cynical version of the animated character; Murphy's take on the latter character spawned one of SNL's many catchphrases, "I'm Gumby, dammit!" Although Buckwheat was his most popular character, Murphy asked that he be retired because the actor grew tired of people asking him to "Do Buckwheat! Do Buckwheat!"; the character was assassinated on camera in front of 30 Rockefeller Plaza.[14]
In 1982, Murphy made his big screen debut in the film 48 Hrs. with Nick Nolte.[1] 48 Hrs. proved to be a hit when it was released in the Christmas season of 1982. Nolte was scheduled to host the December 11, 1982 Christmas episode of Saturday Night Live, but became too ill to host, so Murphy took over. He became the only cast member to host while still a regular. Murphy opened the show with the phrase, "Live from New York, It's the Eddie Murphy Show!" The following year, Murphy starred in Trading Places with fellow SNL alumnus Dan Aykroyd.[1] The movie marked the first of Murphy's collaborations with director John Landis (who also directed Murphy in Coming to America and Beverly Hills Cop III) and proved to be an even greater box office success than 48 Hrs. In 1984, Murphy starred in the successful action comedy film Beverly Hills Cop.[1] The film was Murphy's first full-fledged starring vehicle, originally intended to star Sylvester Stallone (who later tweaked the script as his own starring vehicle Cobra in 1986).[1] Beverly Hills Cop grossed over $230 million at the box office and is 40th in the list of all-time total U.S. box office grosses (4th-highest amongst "R" rated films), after adjusting for inflation, as of March 2011[update].[15]
In 1984, Murphy appeared in Best Defense, co-starring Dudley Moore. Murphy, who was credited as a "Strategic Guest Star", was added to the film after an original version was completed but tested poorly with audiences. Best Defense was a major financial and critical disappointment. When he hosted SNL, Murphy joined the chorus of those bashing Best Defense, calling it "the worst movie in the history of everything". Murphy's Trading Places co-star Dan Aykroyd had originally written the character of Winston Zeddemore in Ghostbusters specifically for Murphy, but he was unable to commit at the time due to the Beverly Hills Cop shooting schedule. The part ultimately went to Ernie Hudson. Murphy was also offered a part in 1986's Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home, a role that, after being heavily re-written from comic relief to love interest, ultimately went to future 7th Heaven star Catherine Hicks. By this point[16] Murphy's near-exclusive contract with Paramount Pictures rivaled Star Trek as Paramount's most lucrative franchise.
In 1986, Murphy starred in the supernatural comedy, The Golden Child.[1] The Golden Child was originally intended to be a serious adventure picture starring Mel Gibson. After Gibson turned the role down, the project was offered to Murphy as it was subsequently rewritten as a partial comedy. Although The Golden Child (featuring Murphy's "I want the knife!" routine) performed well at the box office, the movie was not as critically acclaimed as 48 Hrs., Trading Places, and Beverly Hills Cop. The Golden Child was considered a change of pace for Murphy because of the supernatural setting as opposed to the more "street smart" settings of Murphy's previous efforts. A year later, Murphy reprised his role of Axel Foley in the Tony Scott-directed Beverly Hills Cop II. It was a box office success, grossing over $150 million. Producers reportedly wanted to turn the Beverly Hills Cop franchise into a weekly television series. Murphy declined the television offer, but was willing to do a film sequel instead.
Murphy was one of the last movie actors to sign an exclusive contract with a studio. In this case, it was Paramount Pictures, which released all of his early films.
Singing career[link]
Murphy is also a singer and musician, having frequently provided background vocals to songs released by The Bus Boys, which their song "The Boys Are Back in Town" was featured in 48 Hrs. and Murphy's comedy special Eddie Murphy Delirious. As a solo artist, Murphy had two hit singles, "Party All the Time" (which was produced by Rick James) and "Put Your Mouth on Me" in the mid-1980s (although he actually started singing earlier in his career, with the songs "Boogie In Your Butt" and "Enough Is Enough", the latter being a parody of Barbra Streisand and Donna Summer's 1979 song, "No More Tears (Enough Is Enough)". They both appear on his 1982 self-titled comedy album.) "Party All the Time" was featured on Murphy's 1985 debut album How Could It Be, which included a minor follow-up R&B hit in the title track, a duet with vocalist Crystal Blake. This track was written by Rusty Hamilton and was produced by Stevie Wonder's cousin Aquil Fudge after a brief falling out and bet with Rick James. In 2004, VH-1 and Blender voted "Party All the Time" number seven among the "50 Worst Songs of All-Time." Sharam used a sample of the song for the UK #8 hit "PATT (Party All The Time)" in 2006.
Murphy recorded the album Love's Alright in the early 1990s. He performed in a music video of the single "Whatzupwitu", featuring Michael Jackson. He recorded a duet with Shabba Ranks called "I Was a King". In 1992, Murphy appeared in Michael Jackson's "Remember the Time" alongside Magic Johnson and Iman.
Though uncredited, Murphy provided vocal work on SNL castmate Joe Piscopo's comedy single, "The Honeymooners Rap."[citation needed] Piscopo impersonated Jackie Gleason on the single, while Murphy provided an imitation of Art Carney.
In Coming to America, he imitated Jackie Wilson when he sang "To Be Loved", but because the character he was playing had a thick accent, he had to sing it in character. In later years, Murphy performed several songs in the Shrek film franchise. In the first film, he performed a version of "I'm a Believer" in the film's final scene; in Shrek 2 he performed Ricky Martin's hit "Livin' La Vida Loca" along with co-star Antonio Banderas.
Murphy's all-time favorite singer is Elvis Presley.
Early 1990s career[link]
From 1989 until the mid 1990s, box office results and reviews for Murphy's films dropped, hitting a low point with the critically panned Beverly Hills Cop III (1994),[17] a movie Murphy would ultimately denounce during an appearance on Inside the Actors Studio,[1] although he did find box office success with Boomerang and Another 48 Hrs. Harlem Nights featured Murphy, who had previously been known only as a performer, as director, producer, star, and co-writer, with his brother, Charlie Murphy, as well as supporting roles for Murphy's comic idols Redd Foxx and Richard Pryor.[1]
During this period Murphy was criticized by filmmaker Spike Lee for not using his show business stature to help black actors break into film, despite Murphy's films (especially those he produced) often being populated with predominantly black casts (Coming To America, Harlem Nights, Boomerang, Vampire In Brooklyn, Life). Many black actors who would later gain wider recognition make early appearances in Murphy films such as Damon Wayans in Beverly Hills Cop, Halle Berry and Martin Lawrence in Boomerang, Samuel L. Jackson and Cuba Gooding Jr. in Coming to America, Dave Chappelle in The Nutty Professor and Chris Rock in Beverly Hills Cop II.
Although Murphy has enjoyed commercial success since Saturday Night Live, he has never attended cast reunions or anniversary specials, nor did he participate in the making of the Live From New York: An Uncensored History of Saturday Night Live retrospective book by Tom Shales and James Andrew Miller (2002).
Comeback and image makeover[link]
Murphy's box office results began to recover in 1996, starting with The Nutty Professor. He followed with a series of very successful family-friendly movies like Mulan, Dr. Dolittle and its sequel, the Shrek series, Daddy Day Care, and The Haunted Mansion, along with Nutty Professor II: The Klumps. However, most of his movies meant for more adult audiences performed moderately; Metro, I Spy, and Showtime all ended to gross less than $40 million domestically, Holy Man performed poorly, grossing less than $13 million, and The Adventures of Pluto Nash is on record as one of the biggest theatrical money-losers of all time, grossing just $7 million worldwide on a reported $110 million budget. A notable exception to this run of poorly received adult-themed films was the Frank Oz comedy Bowfinger, also starring Steve Martin. The film garnered generally positive critical reviews, and grossed $98 million at the box office.
In 2006, he starred in the motion picture version of the Broadway musical Dreamgirls as soul singer James "Thunder" Early. Murphy won a Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actor, as well as a Screen Actors Guild Award and a Broadcast Film Critics Association Award in that category. Several reviews for the film highlighted Murphy's performance while he received some pre-release Academy Awards buzz.[18] Murphy was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor on January 23, 2007, but lost to Alan Arkin for his performance in Little Miss Sunshine. Dreamgirls was the first film distributed by Paramount Pictures to star Murphy (who once was on an exclusive contract with the studio) since Vampire in Brooklyn in 1995.
In 2007, Murphy was invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.[19] As a result of Viacom's acquisition of Dreamworks SKG, Paramount distributed his other 2007 releases: Norbit and Shrek the Third. He starred in the 2008 film Meet Dave and the 2009 film Imagine That for Paramount Pictures.
Murphy co-starred in Tower Heist, directed by Brett Ratner. Murphy played a thief who joins a group of hardworking men who find out they have fallen victim to a wealthy businessman's Ponzi scheme, and conspire to rob his high-rise residence. Ben Stiller, Matthew Broderick, and Casey Affleck also starred in the film, released on November 4, 2011.[1][20][21]
It was reported in late 2011 that Murphy would host the 84th Academy Awards in 2012. However, he dropped out of his hosting duties on November 9, 2011, in the wake of the Brett Ratner scandal.[22]
Personal life[link]
Family[link]
Murphy began a longtime romantic relationship with Nicole Mitchell (born January 5, 1968) after meeting her in 1988 at an NAACP Image Awards show. They lived together for almost two years before getting married at the Grand Ballroom of The Plaza Hotel in New York City on March 18, 1993.[23] Murphy and Mitchell had five children together: Bria L. Murphy (born November 18, 1989), Myles Mitchell (born November 7, 1992), Shayne Audra (born October 10, 1994), Zola Ivy (born December 24, 1999) and Bella Zahra (born January 29, 2002). In August 2005, Mitchell filed for divorce, citing "irreconcilable differences". The divorce was finalized on April 17, 2006.[24]
He also has a child by Tamara Hood: son Christian Murphy (born on 29 November 1990).[25]
Murphy as of 2008 resided in Long Island, New York.[26]
Following his divorce from Mitchell, in 2006, Murphy began dating former Spice Girl Melanie Brown, who became pregnant and stated that the child was Murphy's. When questioned about the pregnancy in December 2006 by RTL Boulevard, Murphy told Dutch reporter Matthijs Kleyn, "I don't know whose child that is until it comes out and has a blood test. You shouldn't jump to conclusions, sir". Brown gave birth to a baby girl, Angel Iris Murphy Brown, on Murphy's 46th birthday, April 3, 2007. On June 22, 2007, representatives for Brown announced in People that a DNA test had confirmed that Murphy was the father.[27] Brown has stated in an interview that Murphy has not sought a relationship with Angel.[28][29]
Murphy exchanged marriage vows with film producer Tracey Edmonds, former wife of Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds, on January 1, 2008, in a private ceremony on an island off Bora Bora.[30] On January 16, the couple released a statement saying, "After much consideration and discussion, we have jointly decided that we will forego having a legal ceremony as it is not necessary to define our relationship further," and called the Bora Bora wedding a "symbolic union". The two had planned on having a legal ceremony upon their return to the U.S. but did not, and their wedding was never official.[31]
Legal problems[link]
According to Murphy's childhood friend Harris Haith in his book, Growing Up Laughing With Eddie, long before Murphy did any writing for Coming to America, Art Buchwald had approached Paramount Pictures with the idea for a similar film. His material was rejected, but the information was retained by Paramount. They liked Buchwald's idea but did not see fit to pay him and saved it for use later down the road. Some years later, Paramount presented the idea of Coming to America to Eddie and gave him the contract. Murphy wrote a screenplay that came to light exactly as it aired on the silver screen. In 1988, Buchwald sued Murphy and Paramount Pictures, but Murphy was not found liable because Paramount had received the material.
Philanthropy[link]
Murphy has donated money to the AIDS Foundation, and cancer, education, creative arts, family/parent support, health and homeless charities. He has donated to the Martin Luther King Jr. Center, various cancer charities and $100,000 to the Screen Actors' Guild's strike relief fund.[32]
Filmography[link]
| Film | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1982 | 48 Hrs. | Reggie Hammond | Golden Globe Award for New Star of the Year – Actor |
| 1983 | Trading Places | Billy Ray Valentine | Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy |
| 1983 | Eddie Murphy Delirious | Himself | Also Producer |
| 1984 | Best Defense | Lieutenant T.M. Landry | |
| Beverly Hills Cop | Det. Axel Foley | Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy | |
| 1986 | The Golden Child | Chandler Jarrell | |
| 1987 | Beverly Hills Cop II | Det. Axel Foley | |
| Eddie Murphy Raw | Himself | Also Producer | |
| 1988 | Coming to America | Prince Akeem/Clarence/Randy Watson/Saul | |
| 1989 | Harlem Nights | Quick (real name Vernest Brown) | Also Director and Writer |
| 1990 | Another 48 Hrs. | Reggie Hammond | |
| 1992 | Boomerang | Marcus Graham | Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic Performance |
| The Distinguished Gentleman | Thomas Jefferson Johnson | ||
| 1994 | Beverly Hills Cop III | Det. Axel Foley | |
| 1995 | Vampire in Brooklyn | Maximillian/Preacher Pauly/Guido | Also Producer |
| 1996 | The Nutty Professor | Professor Sherman Klump/Buddy Love/ Lance Perkins/Cletus 'Papa' Klump/ Anna Pearl 'Mama' Jensen Klump/ Ida Mae 'Granny' Jensen/Ernie Klump, Sr. |
Also Producer Saturn Award for Best Actor National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actor Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy Nominated – NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture Nominated – Satellite Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy |
| 1997 | Metro | Insp. Scott Roper | |
| 1998 | Mulan | Mushu | (voice) |
| Dr. Dolittle | Dr. John Dolittle | ||
| Holy Man | G | ||
| 1999 | Life | Rayford "Ray" Gibson | Also Producer |
| Bowfinger | Kit Ramsey/Jeffernson 'Jiff' Ramsey | Black Reel Award: Best Actor | |
| 2000 | Nutty Professor II: The Klumps | Professor Sherman Klump/Buddy Love/ Lance Perkins/Cletus 'Papa' Klump/ Anna Pearl 'Mama' Jensen Klump/ Ida Mae 'Granny' Jensen/Ernie Klump |
Also Producer Nominated – Satellite Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy |
| 2001 | Shrek | Donkey | (voice) Annie Award for Outstanding Individual Achievement for Voice Acting by a Male Performer in an Animated Feature Production Nominated – BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role Nominated – Black Reel Award: Best Supporting Actor |
| Dr. Dolittle 2 | Dr. John Dolittle | ||
| 2002 | Showtime | Officer Trey Sellers | Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Actor Nomianted - Razzie Award for Worst Screen Couple (with either Robert De Niro, Owen Wilson or himself cloned) |
| The Adventures of Pluto Nash | Pluto Nash/Rex Crater | ||
| I Spy | Kelly Robinson | ||
| 2003 | Daddy Day Care | Charles "Charlie" Hinton | |
| The Haunted Mansion | Jim Evers | ||
| 2004 | Shrek 2 | Donkey | (voice) |
| 2006 | Dreamgirls | James 'Thunder' Early | Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor Central Ohio Film Critics Association for Best Supporting Actor Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role Nominated – Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor Nominated – Black Reel Award: Best Supporting Actor Nominated – Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor Nominated – NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture Nominated – Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Supporting Actor Nominated – Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actor Nominated – Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture |
| 2007 | Norbit | Norbit Rice/Rasputia Latimore-Rice/Mr. Wong | Razzie Award for Worst Actor (as Norbit) Razzie Award for Worst Supporting Actor (as Mr. Wong) Razzie Award for Worst Supporting Actress (as Rasputia) Razzie Award for Worst Screen Couple (with either Eddie Murphy or Eddie Murphy) Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Screenplay Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Picture |
| Shrek the Third | Donkey | (voice) Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Voice from an Animated Movie |
|
| 2008 | Meet Dave | Starship Dave Ming-Chang (Spacecraft), Captain | Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Actor Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst Screen Couple (in Eddie Murphy) |
| 2009 | Imagine That | Evan Danielson | |
| 2010 | Shrek Forever After | Donkey | (voice) Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Voice from an Animated Movie |
| 2011 | Tower Heist | Darnell ("Slide") | |
| 2012 | A Thousand Words | Jack McCall | |
Television[link]
| Television | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1980–1984 | Saturday Night Live | Nominated – Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy, Variety or Music Series (1983) Nominated – Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program (1984) Nominated – Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Variety, Music or Comedy Program (1984) |
|
| 1983 | Eddie Murphy: Delirious | ||
| 1989 | What's Alan Watching? | ||
| 1993 | Dangerous - The Short Films | Ancient Egyptian Pharaoh | Remember the Time music video |
| 1999–2001 | The PJs | Thurgood Stubbs | Voice Nominated – Annie Award for Outstanding Individual Achievement for Voice Acting in an Animated Television Production (1999) Nominated – Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program (for Programming Less Than One Hour) (1999) |
| 2004 | Father of the Pride | Donkey | Voice |
| 2007 | Shrek the Halls | Donkey | TV special Voice Nominated – Annie Award for Best Voice Acting in an Animated Television Production |
| 2010 | Donkey's Christmas Shrektacular | Donkey | TV special Voice |
Discography[link]
Studio albums[link]
| Year | Album details | Peak chart positions |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US [33] |
US R&B [34] |
||||||||
| 1982 | Eddie Murphy
|
97 | — | ||||||
| 1983 | Comedian
|
35 | 10 | ||||||
| 1985 | How Could It Be
|
26 | 17 | ||||||
| 1989 | So Happy
|
70 | 22 | ||||||
| 1993 | Love's Alright
|
— | 80 | ||||||
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart | |||||||||
Compilation albums[link]
| Year | Album details |
|---|---|
| 1997 | Greatest Comedy Hits
|
| 1998 | All I Fuckin' Know
|
Singles[link]
| Year | Single | Peak chart positions | Album | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US [35] |
US R&B [36] |
US Dance [37] |
NZ [38] |
UK | |||||
| 1982 | "Boogie in Your Butt" | — | 56 | — | — | — | Eddie Murphy | ||
| 1985 | "Party All the Time" | 2 | 8 | 19 | 3 | 87 | How Could It Be | ||
| "How Could It Be" (with Crystal Blake) | — | 63 | — | — | — | ||||
| 1989 | "Put Your Mouth on Me" | 27 | 2 | — | — | — | So Happy | ||
| "Til the Money's Gone" | — | 75 | — | — | — | ||||
| 1993 | "I Was a King" | — | 61 | — | — | 64 | Love's Alright | ||
| "Whatzupwitu" (with Michael Jackson) | — | 74 | — | — | — | ||||
| "Desdamona" | — | — | — | — | — | ||||
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart | |||||||||
Awards/nominations[link]
| Award | Year | Category | Work | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Academy Awards | 2007 | Best Supporting Actor | Dreamgirls | Nominated |
| Annie Awards | 1999 | Outstanding Individual Achievement for Voice Acting in an Animated Television Production | The PJs | Nominated |
| 2001 | Outstanding Individual Achievement for Voice Acting by a Male Performer in an Animated Feature Production | Shrek | Won | |
| 2008 | Best Voice Acting in an Animated Television Production | Shrek the Halls | Nominated | |
| BAFTA Awards | 2002 | Actor in a Supporting Role | Shrek | Nominated |
| Black Reel Awards | 2000 | Best Actor in a Motion Picture | Bowfinger | Nominated |
| 2002 | Actor in a Supporting Role | Shrek | Nominated | |
| 2007 | Dreamgirls | Nominated | ||
| Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards | 2007 | Best Supporting Actor | Dreamgirls | Won |
| Central Ohio Film Critics Association | 2007 | Best Supporting Actor | Dreamgirls | Won |
| Chicago Film Critics Association Awards | 2007 | Best Supporting Actor | Dreamgirls | Nominated |
| Emmy Awards | 1983 | Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy, Variety or Music Series | Saturday Night Live | Nominated |
| 1984 | Outstanding Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program | Saturday Night Live | Nominated | |
| Outstanding Writing for a Variety or Music Program | Saturday Night Live | Nominated | ||
| 1999 | Outstanding Animated Program – Less Than One Hour | The PJs "He's Gotta Have It" |
Nominated | |
| Golden Globe Awards | 1983 | New Star of the Year (Actor) | 48 Hrs. | Nominated |
| 1984 | Actor in a Leading Role (Musical or Comedy) | Trading Places | ||
| 1997 | Actor in a Leading Role (Musical or Comedy) | The Nutty Professor | ||
| 1985 | Actor in a Leading Role (Musical or Comedy) | Beverly Hills Cop | ||
| 2007 | Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture | Dreamgirls | Won | |
| Kids Choice Awards | 1988 | Favorite Movie Actor | Beverly Hills Cop II | Won |
| 2005 | Favorite Voice from an Animated Film | Shrek 2 | Nominated | |
| 2008 | Favorite Voice from an Animated Film | Shrek the Third | Won | |
| 2011 | Best Voice from an Animated Film | Shrek Forever After | Won | |
| NAACP Image Awards | 1997 | Outstanding Lead Actor in a Motion Picture | The Nutty Professor | Nominated |
| 2007 | Actor in a Supporting Role | Dreamgirls | Nominated | |
| National Society of Film Critics Awards | 1997 | Best Actor | The Nutty Professor | Won |
| Online Film Critics Society Awards | 2007 | Best Supporting Actor | Dreamgirls | Nominated |
| Satellite Awards | 1996 | Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy | The Nutty Professor | Nominated |
| 2001 | Nutty Professor II: The Klumps | |||
| Saturn Awards | 1997 | Best Actor | The Nutty Professor | Won |
| 2002 | Best Supporting Actor | Shrek | Nominated | |
| Screen Actors Guild Awards | 2007 | Actor in a Supporting Role | Dreamgirls | Won |
| Cast in a Motion Picture | Nominated |
References[link]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Stated in interview on Inside the Actors Studio
- ^ http://www.boxofficemojo.com/people/chart/?id=eddiemurphy.htm
- ^ "People Index". Box Office Mojo. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/people/?view=Actor&sort=sumgross&p=.htm. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
- ^ "Comedy Central 100 Greatest Standups of all Time". Listology. May 19, 2005. http://www.listology.com/content_show.cfm/content_id.18481. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
- ^ Kilday, Gregg (December 14, 2006). "'Dreamgirls' Snares Multiple Golden Globe Nods". The Hollywood Reporter. http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003521765.
- ^ Lovece, Frank. "'Beverly Hills Cop 3 – Eddie Murphy Is Back", Calhoun Times, June 1, 1994. Retrieved January 7, 2011.
- ^ Flippo, Chet (11 October 1982). "Eddie Murphy Live: The razor-edged king of late night comedy". New York Magazine. http://books.google.com/books?id=j-ICAAAAMBAJ&lpg=PA56&dq=eddie%20murphy%20new%20york%20magazine%20oct.%2011%201982&pg=PA56#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 27 June 2011.
- ^ "Eddie Murphy Biography (1961–)". Filmreference.com. http://www.filmreference.com/film/23/Eddie-Murphy.html. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
- ^ Eddie Murphy Biography – Yahoo! Movies.
- ^ "Eddie Murphy". http://www.nndb.com/people/544/000022478/.
- ^ Shales, Tom (2003). Live from New York: An Uncensored History of Saturday Night Live. Back Bay. ISBN 0-316-73565-5. http://books.google.com/books?id=ySMXLky50NkC.
- ^ a b Shales, Tom (2003). Live from New York: An Uncensored History of Saturday Night Live. Back Bay. p. 549. ISBN 0-316-73565-5. http://books.google.com/books?id=ySMXLky50NkC.
- ^ Shales, Tom (2003). Live from New York: An Uncensored History of Saturday Night Live. Back Bay. p. 238. ISBN 0-316-73565-5.
- ^ "Saturday Night Live Backstage". 2011-02-20. NBC.
- ^ "All Time Box Office Adjusted for Ticket Price Inflation". Boxofficemojo.com. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/alltime/adjusted.htm. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
- ^ according to the autobiography of the film's director and co-star, Leonard Nimoy.
- ^ "Beverly Hills Cop 3 (1994)". Rotten Tomatoes. http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/beverly_hills_cop_3/.
- ^ Modderno, Craig (December 3, 2006). "Eddie Murphy Inspires Oscar Buzz. Seriously.". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/03/movies/03modd.html?_r=1&ref%3Dmovies&oref=slogin.
- ^ "abc7.com: Film Academy Invites 115 New Members 6/19/07". Abclocal.go.com. June 19, 2007. http://abclocal.go.com/kabc/story?section=entertainment&id=5400194. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
- ^ "Eddie cops film No4". London: Sun Online. May 17, 2007. http://www.thesun.co.uk/article/0,,2-2006200093,00.html.
- ^ "‘Tower Heist’ continues filming at Trump International Hotel & Tower". http://www.onlocationvacations.com/2010/11/16/tower-heist-continues-filming-at-trump-international-hotel-tower.
- ^ "The Mud Doctor: Oscar Update: Eddie Murphy Drops Out of Hosting Gig". Themuddoctor.blogspot.com. 2011-11-09. http://themuddoctor.blogspot.com/2011/11/oscar-update-eddie-murphy-drops-out-of.html. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
- ^ "Eddie Murphy and wife divorce after 12 years". Hello!Magazine. August 8, 2005. http://www.hellomagazine.com/film/2005/08/08/eddiemurphy/.
- ^ "Eddie Murphy and Nicole Mitchell Marriage". About.com. http://marriage.about.com/od/entertainmen1/p/eddiemurphy.htm.
- ^ "Eddie Murphy". http://www.nndb.com/people/544/000022478/.
- ^ "Eddie Murphy Bowling Bashes". November 10, 2008. http://www.metro.co.uk/fame/article.html?Eddie_Murphys_bowling_bashes&in_article_id=394657&in_page_id=7&in_a_source=. Retrieved January 7, 2011.
- ^ "Mel B Says DNA Proves Eddie Murphy Fathered Her Baby". People Magazine. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20043487,00.html.
- ^ "Mel B writes song about Eddie Murphy". Digital Spy. June 17, 2008. http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/a101281/mel-b-writes-song-about-eddie-murphy.html. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
- ^ "Eddie Murphy hasn't had a drink in 18 years". AZCentral.com. November 3, 2011. http://www.azcentral.com/ent/celeb/articles/2011/11/03/20111103eddie-murphy-hasnt-had-drink-18-years.html. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
- ^ Eddie Murphy and Tracey Edmonds Marry – Weddings, Eddie Murphy : People.com.
- ^ "Eddie Murphy, Tracey Edmonds break up: Couple held non-binding wedding ceremony in Bora Bora on New Year's Day". Access Hollywood via MSNBC. January 16, 2008. http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/22689574/ns/today-entertainment/t/eddie-murphy-tracey-edmonds-break/#.Tq8KtnHaI7A.
- ^ "Eddie Murphy's Charity Work". Looktothestars.org. http://www.looktothestars.org/celebrity/194-eddie-murphy. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
- ^ "Eddie Murphy Album & Song Chart History – Billboard 200". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/eddie-murphy/chart-history/1173?f=305&g=Albums. Retrieved October 3, 210.
- ^ "Eddie Murphy Album & Song Chart History – R&B/Hip-Hop Albums". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/eddie-murphy/chart-history/1173?f=333&g=Albums. Retrieved October 3, 2010.
- ^ "Eddie Murphy Album & Song Chart History – Hot 100". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/eddie-murphy/chart-history/1173. Retrieved October 3, 2010.
- ^ "Eddie Murphy Album & Song Chart History – R&B/Hip-Hop Songs". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/eddie-murphy/chart-history/1173?f=367&g=Singles. Retrieved October 3, 2010.
- ^ "Eddie Murphy Album & Song Chart History – Dance/Club Songs". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/eddie-murphy/chart-history/1173?f=359&g=Singles. Retrieved October 3, 2010.
- ^ "charts.org.nz – New Zealand charts portal". charts.org.nz. http://www.charts.org.nz/search.asp?search=eddie+murphy&cat=s. Retrieved October 3, 2010.
External links[link]
 |
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Eddie Murphy |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Eddie Murphy |
- Eddie Murphy at the Internet Movie Database
- Eddie Murphy at Allmusic
- Eddie Murphy on Discogs
- Maxim Rated Top SNL performer
| Preceded by Dennis Miller |
MTV Movie Awards host 1993 |
Succeeded by Will Smith |
| Preceded by Dan Aykroyd and Bette Midler |
MTV Video Music Awards host 1985 |
Succeeded by MTV VJs |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Murphy, Eddie |
| Alternative names | Murphy, Edward Regan |
| Short description | Academy Award nominated, Golden Globe Award-winning American actor |
| Date of birth | April 3, 1961 |
| Place of birth | Brooklyn, New York, U.S. |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Eddie_Murphy
Related pages:
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http://cs.wn.com/Eddie Murphy
http://id.wn.com/Eddie Murphy
http://es.wn.com/Eddie Murphy
http://ru.wn.com/Мёрфи, Эдди
http://nl.wn.com/Eddie Murphy (acteur)
http://pl.wn.com/Eddie Murphy
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http://hi.wn.com/एडी मर्फी
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Murphy
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
 |
This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (July 2010) |
| Aries Spears | |
|---|---|
| Born | (1975-04-03) April 3, 1975 (age 37) Chicago, Illinois, US |
| Occupation | Stand-up comedian, actor, voice artist, comedian |
| Years active | 1987—present |
Aries Spears (born April 3, 1975) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, voice artist, and comedian. Spears was a regular on Fox's sketch comedy series MADtv, appearing in 198 episodes, making him the second longest-serving original cast member on the show. He recently released a new special called Aries Spears: Hollywood, Look I'm Smiling.[citation needed]
Contents |
Early life[link]
Spears was born in Chicago, Illinois. His mother Doris Spears is a jazz singer. Spears moved to New Jersey at age 11 and attended Arthur M. Judd Elementary School. He became a comedian at 14, performing stand-up comedy in various comedy clubs in New York City. He was expelled for fighting during his sophomore year in North Brunswick Township High School in North Brunswick Township, at age 17.[1] Spears started doing his own comedy routine around his hometown. He is a self-professed Michael Jordan fan.
Career[link]
Early film and TV roles[link]
Spears' first television appearance was on Russell Simmons's Def Comedy Jam, followed by It's Showtime at the Apollo (1987). He moved to Los Angeles in 1992, landed a recurring role on A Different World (1993) and became a regular at The Comedy Store, The Improv and The Laugh Factory. Other television credits include Crosstown Traffic, The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr. (1993) and Soul Train.
At 17, Spears landed a part in the movie Malcolm X. Shortly thereafter, he was cast in a starring role opposite Glenn Frey in South of Sunset (1993). Spears's other movie appearances include Home of Angels (1994), The Pest (1997), Jerry Maguire in which he played Teepee, brother of Rod Tidwell (1996), Out-of-Sync (1995), and The Proud Family (2003).
[edit] MADtv
He joined the cast of MADtv during its 3rd season in 1997, and he left at the end of its 10th season in 2005. During his stay, he created characters such as comedienne Belma Buttons (co-host of fictional BET show "Reality Check"), Dollar Bill Montgomery (a host of an urban parody of Politically Incorrect called "Real **********ing Talk with Dollar Bill Montgomery"), James Brown Jr. (co-host of Cabana Chat), and controversial rapper Emcee Esher. He is well known for his impressions of celebrities, including rappers Jay-Z, LL Cool J, DMX, and Snoop Dogg and actors Robert De Niro, Al Pacino, Denzel Washington,and Arnold Schwarzenegger, as well as fellow comedian Paul Mooney.
[edit] After MADtv
Spears appeared on a 2nd season episode of Mind of Mencia, which parodied Jamie Foxx's role in Kanye West's music video for "Gold Digger." He also appeared in the 2006 movie Hood of Horror. Spears performed in the TV series The Underground and voiced the character Wizard Kelly in the animated television series The Proud Family.
Spears appeared on the Covino and Rich radio talk show and criticized rapper Soulja Boy Tell 'Em. He challenged Soulja Boy Tell 'Em to a rap battle, claiming he would win easily. Spears appeared in two episodes of Frank Caliendo's sketch comedy show Frank TV as Shaquille O'Neal.
Spears has signed with Fabb Vision Network, starring as host of his new show "The Underground," which is shot in Columbus, Ohio. The show was due to start broadcasting in September 2010.[citation needed]
He appeared alongside Cedric the Entertainer and other comedians in the All Star Comedy Jam in 2009.
His 2011 stand-up comedy special Aries Spears: Hollywood, Look I'm Smiling was shown on Showtime.[citation needed]
Filmography[link]
- Hood of Horror (2006) as Quon
- Jiminy Glick in Lalawood (2004) as Gunnar “MC GUN” Jorge
- Love Chronicles (2003) as Playa
- Josie and the Pussycats (2001) as The Other Carson Daly
- Why Do Fools Fall in Love (1998) as Redd Foxx
- The Pest (1997)
- Jerry Maguire (1996) as Tee Pee
- Out-of-Sync (1995) as Frank
- Home of Angels (1994) as Gang Leader
- Malcolm X (1992)
Television work[link]
- The Boondocks Episode: "Stinkmeaner 3: The Hateocracy" (2010) as Lord Rufus Crabmiser
- CSI: Miami (2007) as Oscar Monahan (2 episodes)
- Lilo & Stitch: The Series (2005, 2007) as Wizard Kelly (2 episodes)
- The Underground (2006)
- MADtv (1997–2005) as Various
- The Proud Family (2001–2004) as Wizard Kelly / Sir-Paid-A-Lot / Li'l Wiz Jr.
- The Night B4 Christmas (2003, TV movie) as Elvin
- Crosstown Traffic (1995, TV movie) as Eddie
- The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr. Episode: "Stagecoach" (1994) as Bobby Swan
- South of Sunset (1993) as Ziggy Duane
- A Different World (1993) as Ty (2 episodes)
References[link]
- ^ Gadino, Dylan P. "Sketching up with Aries Spears", Punchline. accessed October 10, 2007.
External links[link]
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Spears, Aries |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | 1975-4-3 |
| Place of birth | Chicago, Illinois, US |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Aries_Spears
Related pages:
http://de.wn.com/Aries Spears
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aries_Spears
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
Not to be confused with Russell Peterson or Peter Russell.
| Russell Peters | |
|---|---|
 Russell Peters in 2009 |
|
| Birth name | Russell Dominic Peters |
| Born | (1970-09-29) September 29, 1970 (age 41) Brampton, Ontario, Canada |
| Medium | Stand-up, Television, Film, Radio |
| Nationality | Canadian |
| Years active | 1989–present |
| Genres | Satire, Improvisational comedy, Black comedy |
| Subject(s) | Racism, Race relations, Stereotypes, Multiculturalism, Indian culture |
| Influences | George Carlin,[1] Steve Martin, Cheech and Chong,[2] Don Rickles,[3] Eddie Murphy |
| Spouse | Monica Diaz (2010–2012) 1 child |
| Website | RussellPeters.com |
Russell Dominic Peters (born September 29, 1970)[4] is a Canadian comedian, actor and disc jockey. He began performing in Toronto in 1989 and has been nominated for four Gemini Awards.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Russell Peters was born in Brampton, Ontario, Canada to Eric and Maureen Peters. His family is of Anglo-Indian ancestry and is Catholic.[4] His father was born in Bombay, Maharashtra, India, and worked as a federal meat inspector; he is regularly mentioned and featured in his comedy work.[5] His mother was born in Calcutta, West Bengal, India. He has an older brother named Clayton who was born in Calcutta.[6] Russell attended Chinguacousy Secondary School for grades 9–10, and North Peel Secondary School for grades 11–12 in Brampton.[7][8][9]
Career[link]
Peters began performing in Toronto in 1989. Peters' popularity extends to several countries. He has since also performed in the United Kingdom, United States, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, Afghanistan, Sweden, South Africa, India, the Caribbean, Philippines, Vietnam, mainland China, Canada, Hong Kong, Sri Lanka, France, Singapore, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Jordan, Norway, Lebanon, Oman, Pakistan, Malaysia, and Trinidad among other places.
Peters attribute performance he did on the Canadian TV comedy series Comedy Now! that was uploaded onto YouTube and became viral.[10] While the initial video upload featured his performance in its 45 minute entirety, subsequent videos uploaded by other YouTube users were snippets of that performance, chopped into each of the cultural groups he targeted. According to Peters, those snippets made their way to those specified cultural groups, and were well received by them.[11]
Notable performances[link]
In Canada, Peters became the first comedian to sell out Toronto's Air Canada Centre,[12] with more than 16,000 tickets in two days for the single show. He ended up selling over 30,000 tickets nationally over the two-day sales period. A total of over 60,000 tickets were sold across six cities.[citation needed] His show in Sydney, Australia on 15 May 2010 had an audience of 13,880, making it the largest stand-up comedy show in Australian history.[13] He broke a UK comedy sales record at London's O2 Arena when he sold over 16,000 tickets to his show on 2009.[14]
He hosted the Canada Day Comedy Festival 2006. Peters participated in a USO tour of Iraq, Afghanistan, Germany, Africa and Greenland in November 2007 with Wilmer Valderrama and Mayra Veronica.[15]. Peters also currently produces and stars on the radio situation comedy series, Monsoon House, on CBC Radio One.
Peters was the host of the 2008 Juno Awards televised ceremonies in Calgary on April 6, 2008,[16] for which he won a Gemini Award for "Best Performance or Host in a Variety Program or Series". The 2008 awards broadcast received the second-highest ratings ever for the program. He was asked to host the Juno Awards for a second year in a row. The 2009 Juno Awards took place in Vancouver on March 29, 2009.
Publications[link]
His comedy special Russell Peters: Outsourced, aired on Comedy Central on August 16, 2006. The DVD version features his uncensored performance. The DVD has been popular, especially in Canada, selling over 100,000 copies. Outsourced remained on the National DVD Chart over one and a half years after release. Peters released a second DVD/CD combo Russell Peters: Red, White, and Brown in Canada in September 2008 and in the US on January 27, 2009. The DVD/CD was recorded on February 2, 2008, at The WAMU Theatre at Madison Square Garden. Peters and his brother, Clayton Peters, who is also his manager, self-produced and financed Red, White and Brown. In May 2011, Peters released Russell Peters: The Green Card Tour a live performance recorded in front of a total audience of 30,000 over a two-night performance at O2 Arena in London, England.[17]
On October 26, 2010, Peters released his autobiography, Call me Russell, co - written with his brother Clayton and Dannis Koromilas.
Earnings[link]
According to Forbes.com, Peters earned an estimated $15 million between June 2009 and June 2010, continuing his run as one of the highest-paid comedians after earning an estimated $5 million in the prior year's report. He was ranked as the 7th highest paid comedian by Forbes.[18][19]
Comedic style[link]
Russell Peters' stand-up performances are mostly made up of observational comedy where he uses humour to highlight racial, ethnic, class and cultural stereotypes. He often refers his own life experiences growing up in an Indian family and impersonates various English accents of different groups in his act to poke fun at each group. As Peters told an audience in San Francisco, "I don't make the stereotypes, I just see them."[20] Russell Peters uses his minority status to allow him to poke fun at different races in his performance, but according to an interview done for The National, he does not intend to put down or offend different races and cultures, but instead tries to raise them up through humour.[21]
Peters' is widely known for his comedy punchlines "Somebody gonna get a hurt real bad" in which he tells a joke about his childhood with a traditional Indian father who would use corporal punishment and “Be a man!" while imitating an Asian trying to get him to pay more for an item at a shop.[22]
Personal life[link]
Peters proposed to girlfriend Monica Diaz on July 10, 2010, at the Los Angeles International Airport. He announced the engagement via Twitter.[23][24] The couple married on August 20, 2010 at A Little White Wedding Chapel in Las Vegas. The wedding was attended by about 20 guests, including an Elvis impersonator. Peters and Diaz had their first child, a girl, who was due to be born on February 23, 2011. When announcing the pregnancy, Peters told The Canadian Press, "Did I get married because she was knocked up? I would say that expedited it." His daughter was born two and a half months early (on December 14, 2010), but was healthy as Peters stated on his Twitter. She was given the name Crystianna Marie Peters.
Peters lives in Los Angeles and owns two homes there. He also owns homes in Las Vegas and Vaughan, Ontario.[25]
Filmography[link]
| Title | Year |
|---|---|
| "Show Me The Funny" | 1997 |
| Lord Have Mercy! (main cast) | 2004 |
| "Comedy Now!" | 2004 |
| "Russell Peters: Outsourced" | 2006 |
| "Russell Peters: Red, White, and Brown" | 2008 |
| "Russell Peters: Presents" | 2010 |
| "Russell Peters: The Green Card Tour" | 2011 |
| Source Code[26] | 2011 |
| Speedy Singhs released internationally as Breakaway | 2011 |
| New Year's Eve | 2011 |
| Girl in Progress | 2012 |
Television and film appearances[link]
Peters has appeared in a few films, most recently in the 2011 Canadian-Punjabi movie titled Speedy Singhs alongside Camilla Belle, Anupham Kher, and Vinay Virmani. He has also appeared in Senior Skip Day starring Larry Miller, Tara Reid, and Gary Lundy. Besides this, he has also had short appearances in the 1994 film Boozecan as Snake's Friend, the 1999 film Tiger Claws III as Detective Elliott, the 2004 film My Baby's Daddy as the obstetrician, the 2006 film Quarter Life Crisis as Dilip Kumar, the 2007 film The Take as Dr. Sharma, and the 2008 film Senior Skip Day as Uncle Todd.
Peters starred in a Christmas special,A Russell Peters Christmas aired in Canada on 1 December, 2011. Guests included Michael Bublé, Pamela Anderson, Jon Lovitz among others.[27]
He also acted in Duncan Jones's movie Source Code as Max, an amateur comedian with a bad attitude, and is scheduled to star as "Pervius" in National Lampoon's The Legend of Awesomest Maximus.[28]
- Acting roles – television
- "Comics Without Borders" (2008)
- Russell Peters: Red, White and Brown (2008)
- Senior Skip Day/High School's Day Off (Australia title) (2008)- Uncle Todd
- Bob's Burgers - "Moody Foodie" (Season 2, Episode 7) - Tran
- Appearances on television
- "A Russell Peters Christmas" - Himself (1 December 2011)
- "Lopez Tonight" - Himself (2010)
- "The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson" – Himself (2009)
- "The 9th Annual Canadian Comedy Awards" (2008)- Himself (Winner – Best Large Venue Stand-up)
- "CBC News: The Hour" .... Himself – Episode dated 18 September 2008 (2008) TV episode .... Himself
- "The Tonight Show with Jay Leno" – Himself – Episode dated 15 February 2008 (2008)
- "Def Comedy Jam" – Episode #8.4 (2008) TV episode – Himself/Comedian
- "Pulse: The Desi Beat" – Episode #1.9 (2007) TV episode – Himself
- "Video on Trial" – Episode #3.3 (2007) TV episode – Himself
- "Comics Unleashed" – Episode #1.6 (2009) TV episode- Himself
- The 4th Annual Canadian Comedy Awards (2039) – Himself
- The 5th Annual Canadian Comedy Awards (2004) – Nominee (Male Stand-up)
- MTV Cribs (Where he featured on two different episodes)
- "8 out of 10 Cats" (Season 12, Episode 9)
- Self
- Heckler (2007)
- Let's All Hate Toronto (2007)
References[link]
- ^ Alan Cho, Gauntlet Entertainment (2005-11-24). "Gauntlet Entertainment — Comedy Preview: Russell Peters won't a hurt you real bad! - 2005-11-24". Gauntlet.ucalgary.ca. http://gauntlet.ucalgary.ca/a/story/9549. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
- ^ "Russell Peters Official Site: Said With A Punch". Russell Peters Official Site: News - Said with a Punch. http://www.russellpeters.com/bio_press.php.
- ^ Comedy Preview: Russell Peters won't a hurt you real bad. Gauntlet Entertainment.
- ^ a b "OK OK here is the answer!". Russellpeters.com. http://www.russellpeters.com/faq.aspx. Retrieved 2011-03-11.
- ^ "Press". RussellPeters.com. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yEL_IuIBLgs/Press.aspx. Retrieved 2010-07-06. [dead link]
- ^ "Press". RussellPeters.com. http://www.russellpeters.com/Press.aspx. Retrieved 2010-07-06. [dead link]
- ^ Post Reply. "Russell Peters". Mahalo.com. http://www.mahalo.com/russell-peters. Retrieved 2011-03-11.
- ^ "Punchline Magazine Blog " Russell Peters creates $20,000 college scholarship - Comedy Blog, Comedy News, and all things in Stand Up Comedy". Punchlinemagazine.com. 2010-04-30. http://punchlinemagazine.com/blog/2010/04/russell-peters-creates-20000-college-scholarship. Retrieved 2011-03-11.
- ^ "Comedian Russell Peters awards scholarship to Randy Adams". Digitaljournal.com. http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/294038. Retrieved 2011-03-11.
- ^ "Allan Greg asks Russell Peters at the 15:28 mark what was the turning point in his career that made him a superstar. Peters responds "The internet, YouTube"". Youtube.com. 2010-12-16. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dog-H6vEpNI. Retrieved 2011-06-06.
- ^ "Russell Peters on his memor "Call Me Russell" - full show". YouTube. 2010-12-16. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dog-H6vEpNI. Retrieved 2011-06-06.
- ^ "Russell Peters' Homecoming Tour SELLS OUT Across Canada!". News Blaze. http://newsblaze.com/story/2007032313240200003.cc/topstory.html.
- ^ "World laughs with you". Sydney Morning Herald. 13 May 2010. http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/comedy/world-laughs-with-you-20100513-v1ce.html. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
- ^ "The Official Russell Peters Website, Hi-lites". russellpeters.com. http://www.russellpeters.com/biography.aspx. Retrieved 2011-08-07.
- ^ "USO visits Bagram". United States Department of Defense. November 21, 2007. http://www.defenselink.mil/PhotoEssays/PhotoEssaySS.aspx?ID=522. Retrieved 2008-01-24.
- ^ "Russell Peters to Host The 2008 JUNO Awards, April 6 on CTV" (PDF). CARAS. February 5, 2008. Archived from the original on 2008-02-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20080216000747/http://www.junoawards.ca/PDF/20080205_f.pdf. Retrieved 2008-02-05.
- ^ De Giorgio, Lorianna (2011-05-31). "Russell Peters releases third DVD, panic ensues". Toronto: thestar.com. http://www.thestar.com/entertainment/article/999839--russell-peters-releases-third-dvd-panic-ensues?bn=1. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
- ^ Lacey Rose. "In Pictures: The 10 Top Earning Comedians - 7) Russell Peters". Forbes.com. http://www.forbes.com/2010/09/07/handler-dunham-cook-fator-business-entertainment-top-earning-comedians_slide_8.html. Retrieved 2010-12-17.
- ^ Lacey Rose. "In Pictures: The 10 Top Earning Comedians - 9) Russell Peters, (tie)". Forbes.com. http://www.forbes.com/2009/07/13/top-earning-comedians-business-entertainment-top-earning-comedians_slide_11.html. Retrieved 2010-07-06.
- ^ Piccalo, Gina (16 April 2010). "No joke — Russell Peters is a famous comedian". LA Times. http://articles.latimes.com/2010/apr/16/entertainment/la-et--russell-peters-20100416. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
- ^ Russell Peters Interview on CBC The National, May 30th 2006, Clifton Joseph
- ^ Nguyen, An (19 MAY 2009). "Defying Stereotypes and Breaking All Laws of Decency, Russell Peters Lets It All Hang Out". (Cult)ure magazine. http://culturemagazine.ca/culture/defying_stereotypes_and_breaking_all_laws_of_decency_russell_peters_lets_it_all_hang_out.html. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
- ^ "Tweet". Twitter. http://twitter.com/therealrussellp/status/18234024633. Retrieved October 27, 2010.
- ^ "Shinan: Leave out The Beaver?". National Post. http://arts.nationalpost.com/2010/07/14/shinan-leave-out-the-beaver/. Retrieved October 27, 2010.
- ^ Hough, Robert (September 2009). "Lighten Up". Toronto Life. http://www.torontolife.com/features/lighten-up-russell-peters/. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
- ^ "Russell Peters Talks Source Code, Working with Jake Gyllenhaal". http://www.reelmovienews.com/2011/03/exclusive-russell-peters-talks-source-code-working-with-jake-gyl/.
- ^ "Christmas Comes Early to CTV: 2.1 Million Viewers Make A RUSSELL PETERS CHRISTMAS Most-Watched Canadian Holiday Special Ever on CTV". CTV-Bell Media PR. http://www.bellmediapr.ca/ctv/releases/release.asp?id=14578&yyyy=2011. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
- ^ Compolongo, Gabrielle. "EXCLUSIVE: Russell Peters Talks Source Code, Working with Jake Gyllenhaal Read more <a href="http://www.moviefanatic.com">movie news</a> at: http://www.moviefanatic.com/2011/03/exclusive-russell-peters-talks-source-code-working-with-jake-gyl/#ixzz1kpejEtzZ". Movie Fanatic. http://www.moviefanatic.com/2011/03/exclusive-russell-peters-talks-source-code-working-with-jake-gyl/. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
Further reading[link]
- Russell Peters (26 July 2011). Call Me Russell. Random House Digital, Inc.. ISBN 978-0-385-66965-8. http://books.google.com/books?id=Man0-BpnFjkC&pg=PP1.
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Russell Peters |
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Peters, Russell |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | Canadian-Indian comedian, actor and disc jockey |
| Date of birth | September 29, 1970 |
| Place of birth | Brampton, Ontario, Canada |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Monty Python | |
|---|---|
|
275px Front row: Terry Jones, John Cleese, Michael Palin |
|
| Medium | Television, film, theatre, audio recordings, books |
| Nationality | British[1] |
| Years active | 1969–1983 |
| Genres | Satire, surreal humour, dark comedy |
| Influences | The Goons, Spike Milligan, Peter Cook |
| Influenced | Douglas Adams, Eddie Izzard, George Carlin, Vic and Bob, Steve Pemberton, Matt Stone, Trey Parker, Matt Groening |
| Notable works and roles | Monty Python's Flying Circus (1969–1974) And Now for Something Completely Different (1971) Monty Python and the Holy Grail (1974) Monty Python's Life of Brian (1979) Monty Python Live at the Hollywood Bowl (1982) Monty Python's The Meaning of Life (1983) |
| Members | Graham Chapman John Cleese Terry Gilliam Eric Idle Terry Jones Michael Palin |
| Website | PythOnline |
Monty Python (sometimes known as The Pythons)[2][3] was a British surreal comedy group who created Monty Python's Flying Circus, a British television comedy sketch show that first aired on the BBC on 5 October 1969. Forty-five episodes were made over four series. The Python phenomenon developed from the television series into something larger in scope and impact, spawning touring stage shows, films, numerous albums, several books and a stage musical as well as launching the members to individual stardom. The group's influence on comedy has been compared to The Beatles' influence on music.[4][5]
The television series, broadcast by the BBC from 1969 to 1974, was conceived, written and performed by members Graham Chapman, John Cleese, Terry Gilliam, Eric Idle, Terry Jones, and Michael Palin. Loosely structured as a sketch show, but with an innovative stream-of-consciousness approach (aided by Gilliam's animation), it pushed the boundaries of what was acceptable in style and content.[6][7] A self-contained comedy team responsible for both writing and performing their work, the Pythons' creative control allowed them to experiment with form and content, discarding rules of television comedy. Their influence on British comedy has been apparent for years, while in North America it has coloured the work of cult performers from the early editions of Saturday Night Live through to more recent absurdist trends in television comedy. "Pythonesque" has entered the English lexicon as a result.
In a 2005 UK poll to find The Comedian's Comedian, three of the six Pythons members were voted by fellow comedians and comedy insiders to be among the top 50 greatest comedians ever: Cleese at #2, Idle at #21, and Palin at #30.[8]
Contents |
[edit] Before Flying Circus
Palin and Jones met at Oxford University, where they performed together with the Oxford Revue. Cleese and Chapman met at Cambridge. Idle was also at Cambridge, but started a year after Cleese and Chapman. Cleese met Gilliam in New York while on tour with the Cambridge University Footlights revue Cambridge Circus (originally entitled A Clump of Plinths). Chapman, Cleese and Idle were members of the Footlights, which at that time also included the future Goodies (Tim Brooke-Taylor, Bill Oddie and Graeme Garden), and Jonathan Lynn (co-writer of Yes Minister and Yes, Prime Minister). During Idle's presidency of the Club, feminist writer Germaine Greer and broadcaster Clive James were members. Recordings of Footlights revues (called "Smokers") at Pembroke College include sketches and performances by Idle and Cleese. They are kept in the archives of the Pembroke Players, along with tapes of Idle's performances in some of the college drama society's theatrical productions.
Python members appeared in and/or wrote the following shows before Monty Python's Flying Circus. The Frost Report is credited as first uniting the British Pythons and providing an environment in which they could develop their particular styles:
- I'm Sorry, I'll Read That Again (radio) (1964–1973) [Cleese: cast member & writer] – [Idle and Chapman: writers]
- The Frost Report (1966–1967) [Cleese: cast member and writer] – [Idle: writer of Frost's monologues] – [Chapman, Palin and Jones: writers]
- At Last the 1948 Show (1967) [Chapman and Cleese: writers and cast members] – [Idle: writer]
- Twice a Fortnight (1967) [Palin and Jones: cast members and writers]
- Do Not Adjust Your Set (1967–1969) [Idle, Jones, and Palin: cast members & writers] – [Gilliam: animation]
— Bonzo Dog Band: musical interludes] - We Have Ways of Making You Laugh (1968) [Idle: cast member & writer] – [Gilliam: animation]
- How to Irritate People (1968) [Cleese and Chapman: cast members & writers] – [Palin: cast member]
- The Complete and Utter History of Britain (1969) [Palin and Jones: cast members & writers]
- Doctor in the House (1969) [Cleese & Chapman: writers]
Several featured other important British comedy writers or performers of the future, including Marty Feldman, Jonathan Lynn, David Jason and David Frost, as well as members of other future comedy teams, Ronnie Corbett and Ronnie Barker (the Two Ronnies), and Tim Brooke-Taylor, Graeme Garden and Bill Oddie (the Goodies).
Following the success of Do Not Adjust Your Set, originally intended to be a children's programme, with adults, ITV offered Palin, Jones, Idle and Gilliam their own series together. At the same time Cleese and Chapman were offered a show by the BBC, which had been impressed by their work on The Frost Report and At Last The 1948 Show. Cleese was reluctant to do a two-man show for various reasons, including Chapman's supposedly difficult personality. Cleese had fond memories of working with Palin and invited him to join the team. With the ITV series still in pre-production, Palin agreed and suggested the involvement of his writing partner Jones and colleague Idle—who in turn suggested that Gilliam could provide animations for the projected series. Much has been made of the fact that the Monty Python troupe is the result of Cleese's desire to work with Palin and the chance circumstances that brought the other four members into the fold.[9]
[edit] Monty Python's Flying Circus
Main article: Monty Python's Flying Circus
Development of the series[link]
The Pythons had a definite idea about what they wanted to do with the series. They were admirers of the work of Peter Cook, Alan Bennett, Jonathan Miller and Dudley Moore on Beyond the Fringe, and had worked on Frost, which was similar in style. They enjoyed Cook and Moore's sketch show Not Only... But Also. One problem the Pythons perceived with these programmes was that though the body of the sketch would be strong, the writers would often struggle to then find a punchline funny enough to end on, and this would detract from the overall sketch quality. They decided that they would simply not bother to "cap" their sketches in the traditional manner, and early episodes of the Flying Circus series make great play of this abandonment of the punchline (one scene has Cleese turn to Idle, as the sketch descends into chaos, and remark that "This is the silliest sketch I've ever been in"—they all resolve not to carry on and simply walk off the set). However, as they began assembling material for the show, the Pythons watched one of their collective heroes, Spike Milligan, recording his groundbreaking series Q5 (1969). Not only was the programme more irreverent and anarchic than any previous television comedy, Milligan would often "give up" on sketches halfway through and wander off set (often muttering "Did I write this?"). It was clear that their new series would now seem less original, and Jones in particular became determined the Pythons should innovate.
After much debate, Jones remembered an animation Gilliam had created for Do Not Adjust Your Set called Beware of the Elephants, which had intrigued him with its stream-of-consciousness style. Jones felt it would be a good concept to apply to the series: allowing sketches to blend into one another. Palin had been equally fascinated by another of Gilliam's efforts, entitled Christmas Cards, and agreed that it represented "a way of doing things differently". Since Cleese, Chapman and Idle were less concerned with the overall flow of the programme, it was Jones, Palin and Gilliam who became largely responsible for the presentation style of the Flying Circus series, in which disparate sketches are linked to give each episode the appearance of a single stream-of-consciousness (often using a Gilliam animation to move from the closing image of one sketch to the opening scene of another).
Writing started at 9 am and finished at 5 pm. Typically, Cleese and Chapman worked as one pair isolated from the others, as did Jones and Palin, while Idle wrote alone. After a few days, they would join together with Gilliam, critique their scripts, and exchange ideas. Their approach to writing was democratic. If the majority found an idea humorous, it was included in the show. The casting of roles for the sketches was a similarly unselfish process, since each member viewed himself primarily as a 'writer', rather than an actor desperate for screen time. When the themes for sketches were chosen, Gilliam had carte blanche to decide how to bridge them with animations, using a camera, scissors, and airbrush.
While the show was a collaborative process, different factions within Python were responsible for elements of the team's humour. In general, the work of the Oxford-educated members (Jones and Palin) was more visual, and more fanciful conceptually (e.g., the arrival of the Spanish Inquisition in a suburban front room), while the Cambridge graduates' sketches tended to be more verbal and more aggressive (for example, Cleese and Chapman's many "confrontation" sketches, where one character intimidates or hurls abuse, or Idle's characters with bizarre verbal quirks, such as The Man Who Speaks In Anagrams). Cleese confirmed that "most of the sketches with heavy abuse were Graham's and mine, anything that started with a slow pan across countryside and impressive music was Mike and Terry's, and anything that got utterly involved with words and disappeared up any personal orifice was Eric's".[10] Gilliam's animations, meanwhile, ranged from the whimsical to the savage (the cartoon format allowing him to create some astonishingly violent scenes without fear of censorship).
Several names for the show were considered before Monty Python's Flying Circus was settled upon. Some were Owl Stretching Time, Toad Elevating Moment, A Bucket, a Horse and a Spoon, Vaseline Review and Bun, Wackett, Buzzard, Stubble and Boot. Flying Circus stuck when the BBC explained it had printed that name in its schedules and was not prepared to amend it. Many variations on the name in front of this title then came and went (popular legend holds that the BBC considered Monty Python's Flying Circus to be a ridiculous name, at which point the group threatened to change their name every week until the BBC relented). "Gwen Dibley's Flying Circus" was named after a woman Palin had read about in the newspaper, thinking it would be amusing if she were to discover she had her own TV show. "Baron Von Took's Flying Circus" was considered as an affectionate tribute to Barry Took, the man who had brought them together. Arthur Megapode's Flying Circus was suggested, then discarded.
There are differing, somewhat confusing accounts of the origins of the Python name although the members agree that its only "significance" was that they thought it sounded funny. In the 1998 documentary Live At Aspen during the US Comedy Arts Festival, where the troupe was awarded the AFI Star Award by the American Film Institute, the group implied that "Monty" was selected (Eric Idle's idea) as a gently-mocking tribute to Field Marshal Lord Montgomery, a legendary British general of World War II; requiring a "slippery-sounding" surname, they settled on "Python". On other occasions Idle has claimed that the name "Monty" was that of a popular and rotund fellow who drank in his local pub; people would often walk in and ask the barman, "Has Monty been in yet?", forcing the name to become stuck in his mind. The name Monty Python was later described by the BBC as being "envisaged by the team as the perfect name for a sleazy entertainment agent".[11]
Style of the show[link]
Flying Circus popularised innovative formal techniques, such as the cold open, in which an episode began without the traditional opening titles or announcements.[12] An example of this is the "It's" man: Palin, outfitted in Robinson Crusoe garb, making a tortuous journey across various terrains, before finally approaching the camera to state, "It's...", only to be then cut off by the title sequence and theme music. On several occasions the cold open lasted until mid show, after which the regular opening titles ran. Occasionally the Pythons tricked viewers by rolling the closing credits halfway through the show, usually continuing the joke by fading to the familiar globe logo used for BBC continuity, over which Cleese would parody the clipped tones of a BBC announcer. On one occasion the credits ran directly after the opening titles. Because of their dislike of finishing with punchlines, they experimented with ending the sketches by cutting abruptly to another scene or animation, walking offstage, addressing the camera (breaking the fourth wall), or introducing a totally unrelated event or character. A classic example of this approach was the use of Chapman's "Colonel" character, who walked into several sketches and ordered them to be stopped because things were becoming "far too silly." Another favourite way of ending sketches was to drop a cartoonish "16-ton weight" prop on one of the characters when the sketch seemed to be losing momentum, or a knight in full armour (played by Terry Gilliam) would wander on-set and hit characters over the head with a rubber chicken,[13] before cutting to the next scene. Yet another way of changing scenes was when John Cleese, usually outfitted in a dinner suit, would come in as a radio commentator and make the formal and determined announcement, "And now for something completely different."
The Python theme music is The Liberty Bell, a march by John Philip Sousa, which was chosen, among other reasons, because the recording was in the public domain.[12]
The use of Gilliam's surreal, collage stop motion animations was another innovative intertextual element of the Python style. Many of the images Gilliam used were lifted from famous works of art, and from Victorian illustrations and engravings. The giant foot which crushes the show's title at the end of the opening credits is in fact the foot of Cupid, cut from a reproduction of the Renaissance masterpiece Venus, Cupid, Folly, and Time by Bronzino. This foot, and Gilliam's style in general, are visual trademarks of the series.
The Pythons used the British tradition of cross-dressing comedy by donning frocks and makeup and playing female roles themselves while speaking in falsetto. Generally speaking, female roles were played by a woman (usually Carol Cleveland) only when the scene specifically required that the character be sexually attractive (although sometimes they used Idle for this). In some episodes and later in Monty Python's Life of Brian they took the idea one step further by playing women who impersonated men (in the stoning scene).
Many sketches are well-known and widely quoted. "Dead Parrot", "The Lumberjack Song", "Spam", "Nudge Nudge", "The Spanish Inquisition", "Upper Class Twit of the Year", "Cheese Shop" and "The Ministry of Silly Walks" are just a few examples.
Introduction to North America[link]
The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) added Monty Python’s Flying Circus to its national September 1970 fall lineup.[14] They aired the 13 episodes of Series 1, which had first run on the BBC the previous fall (October 1969 to January 1970), as well as the first 6 episodes of Series 2 only a few weeks after they first appeared on the BBC (September to November 1970).[14] The CBC dropped the show when it returned to regular programming after the Christmas 1970 break, choosing to not place the remaining 7 episodes of series 2 on the January 1971 CBC schedule.[14] Within a week the CBC received hundreds of calls complaining of the cancellation, and more than 100 people staged a demonstration at the CBC’s Montreal studios.[14]
Time-Life Films had the right to distribute all BBC-TV programs in the United States, however they had decided that British comedy simply would not work in America. Therefore, it was not worth the investment to convert the Python episodes from the European PAL standard to the American NTSC standard.
Sketches from Monty Python’s Flying Circus were introduced to American audiences in August 1972, with the release of the Python movie And Now for Something Completely Different, featuring sketches from series 1 and 2 of the television show. This 1972 release met limited box office success.
In the summer of 1974 Ron Devillier, the program director for non-profit PBS television station KERA in Dallas, Texas, started airing episodes of Monty Python’s Flying Circus. Ratings shot through the roof, providing an encouraging sign to the other 100 PBS stations that had signed up to begin airing the show in October 1974—exactly 5 years after their BBC debut. There was also cross-promotion from FM radio stations across the country, whose airing of tracks from the Python LPs had already introduced American audiences to this bizarre brand of comedy. The popularity on PBS resulted in the 1974 re-release of the 1972 "...Completely Different" movie, with much greater box office success.
The ability to show Monty Python’s Flying Circus under the American NTSC standard had been made possible by the commercial actions of American television producer Greg Garrison. Garrison produced the NBC series The Dean Martin Comedy World, which ran during the summer of 1974. The concept was to show clips from comedy shows produced in other countries, including tape of the Python sketches "Bicycle Repairman" and "The Dull Life of a Stockbroker". Payment for use of these two sketches was enough to allow Time-Life Films to convert the entire Python library to NTSC standard, allowing for the sale to the PBS network stations who then brought the entire show to US audiences.
With the popularity of Python throughout the rest of the 1970s and through most of the 1980s, PBS stations looked at other British comedies, leading to UK shows such as Are You Being Served? gaining a US audience, and leading, over time, to many PBS stations having a "British Comedy Night" which airs many popular UK comedies.[15]
[edit] End of Flying Circus
Having considered the possibility at the end of the second series, Cleese left the Flying Circus at the end of the third. He later explained that he felt he no longer had anything fresh to offer the show, and claimed that only two Cleese-and-Chapman-penned sketches in the third series ("Dennis Moore" and the "Cheese Shop") were truly original, and that the others were bits and pieces from previous work cobbled together in slightly different contexts.[9] He was also finding Chapman, who was at that point in the full throes of alcoholism, difficult to work with. According to an interview with Idle, "It was on an Air Canada flight on the way to Toronto, when John (Cleese) turned to all of us and said 'I want out.' Why? I don't know. He gets bored more easily than the rest of us. He's a difficult man, not easy to be friendly with. He's so funny because he never wanted to be liked. That gives him a certain fascinating, arrogant freedom."[16]
The rest of the group carried on for one more "half" series before calling a halt to the programme in 1974. The name Monty Python's Flying Circus appears in the opening animation for series four, but in the end credits the show is listed as simply "Monty Python". Despite his official departure from the group, Cleese supposedly made a (non-speaking) cameo appearance in the fourth series, but never appeared in the credits as a performer. Several episodes credit him as a co-writer since some sketches were recycled from scenes cut from the Holy Grail script. While the first three series contained 13 episodes each, the fourth ended after six.
[edit] Life after the Flying Circus
Filmography[link]
[edit] And Now for Something Completely Different (1971)
Main article: And Now for Something Completely Different
The Pythons' first feature film (directed by Ian MacNaughton, reprising his role from the television series). It was composed of sketches from the first two seasons of the Flying Circus, reshot on a low budget (and often slightly edited) for cinema release. Material selected for the film includes: "Dead Parrot", "The Lumberjack Song", "Upper Class Twit of the Year", "Hell's Grannies", "Self-Defence Class", "How Not To Be Seen" and "Nudge Nudge". Financed by Playboy's UK executive Victor Lownes, it was intended as a way of breaking Monty Python into America, and although it was ultimately unsuccessful in this, the film did good business in the UK (this still being in the era before home video would make it much more accessible to view the material again). The group did not consider the film a success.
[edit] Monty Python and the Holy Grail (1974)
Main article: Monty Python and the Holy Grail
In 1974, between production on the third and fourth seasons, the group decided to embark on their first "proper" feature film, containing entirely new material. Monty Python and the Holy Grail was based on Arthurian Legend and was directed by Jones and Gilliam. Again, the latter also contributed linking animations (and put together the opening credits). Along with the rest of the Pythons, Jones and Gilliam performed several roles in the film, but it was Chapman who took the lead as King Arthur. Cleese returned to the group for the film, feeling that the group were once again breaking new ground. Holy Grail was filmed on location, in picturesque rural areas of Scotland, with a budget of only £229,000; the money was raised in part with investments from rock groups such as Pink Floyd, Jethro Tull and Led Zeppelin—and UK music industry entrepreneur Tony Stratton-Smith (founder and owner of the Charisma Records label, for which the Pythons recorded their comedy albums).
The backers of the film wanted to cut the famous Black Knight scene (in which the Black Knight loses his limbs in a duel) but it was eventually kept in the movie.[17]
[edit] Monty Python's Life of Brian (1979)
Main article: Monty Python's Life of Brian
Following the success of Holy Grail, reporters asked for the title of the next Python film, despite the fact that the team had not even begun to consider a third one. Eventually, Idle flippantly replied "Jesus Christ – Lust for Glory", which became the group's stock answer once they realised that it shut reporters up. However, they soon began to seriously consider a film lampooning the New Testament era in the same way Holy Grail had lampooned Arthurian legend. Despite them all sharing a distrust of organised religion, they agreed not to mock Jesus nor his teachings directly. Instead, they decided to write a satire on credulity and hypocrisy among the followers of someone who had been mistaken for the "Messiah," but who had no desire to be followed as such. Chapman was cast in the lead role of Brian.
The focus therefore shifted to a separate individual born at the same time, in a neighbouring stable. When Jesus appears in the film (first, as a baby in the stable, and then later on the Mount, speaking the Beatitudes), he is played straight (by actor Kenneth Colley) and portrayed with respect. The comedy begins when members of the crowd mishear his statements of peace, love and tolerance. ("I think he said, 'Blessed are the cheesemakers.'")
Directing duties were handled solely by Jones, having amicably agreed with Gilliam that Jones' approach to film-making was better suited for Python's general performing style. Holy Grail's production had often been stilted by their differences behind the camera. Gilliam again contributed two animated sequences (one being the opening credits) and took charge of set design. The film was shot on location in Tunisia, the finances being provided this time by former Beatle George Harrison, who together with Denis O'Brien formed the production company Hand-Made Films for the movie. He had a cameo role as the 'owner of the Mount.'
Despite its subject matter attracting controversy, particularly upon its initial release, it has (together with its predecessor) been ranked among the greatest comedy films. A Channel 4 poll in 2005 ranked Holy Grail in sixth place, with Life of Brian at the top.[18]
[edit] Monty Python Live at the Hollywood Bowl (1982)
Main article: Monty Python Live at the Hollywood Bowl
Filmed at the Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles during preparations for The Meaning of Life, this was a concert film (directed by Terry Hughes) in which the Pythons performed sketches from the television series in front of an audience. The released film also incorporated footage from the German television specials (the inclusion of which gives Ian MacNaughton his first on-screen credit for Python since the end of Flying Circus) and live performances of several songs from the troupe's then-current Monty Python's Contractual Obligation Album.
[edit] Monty Python's The Meaning of Life (1983)
Main article: Monty Python's The Meaning of Life
Python's final film returned to something structurally closer to the style of Flying Circus. A series of sketches loosely follows the ages of man from birth to death. Directed again by Jones solo, The Meaning of Life is embellished with some of Python's most bizarre and disturbing moments, as well as various elaborate musical numbers. The film is by far their darkest work, containing a great deal of black humour, garnished by some spectacular violence (including an operation to remove a liver from a living patient without anaesthetic and the morbidly obese Mr. Creosote exploding over several restaurant patrons). At the time of its release, the Pythons confessed their aim was to offend "absolutely everyone."
Besides the opening credits and the fish sequence, Gilliam, by now an established live action director, no longer wanted to produce any linking cartoons, offering instead to direct one sketch—The Crimson Permanent Assurance. Under his helm, though, the segment grew so ambitious and tangential that it was cut from the movie and used as a supporting feature in its own right. (Television screenings also use it as a prologue.) Crucially, this was the last project that all six Pythons would collaborate on, except for the 1989 compilation Parrot Sketch Not Included, where they are all seen sitting in a closet for four seconds. This would be the last time Chapman appeared on-screen with the Pythons.
[edit] Secret Policeman's Ball benefit shows
Members of Python contributed their services to charitable endeavours and causes—sometimes as an ensemble, at other times as individuals. The cause that has been the most frequent and consistent beneficiary has been the human rights work of Amnesty International. Between 1976 and 1981, the troupe or its members appeared in four major fund-raisers for Amnesty—known collectively as the Secret Policeman's Ball shows—which were turned into multiple films, TV shows, videos, record albums and books. These benefit shows and their many spin-offs raised considerable sums of money for Amnesty, raised public and media awareness of the human rights cause and influenced many other members of the entertainment community (especially rock musicians) to become involved in political and social issues.[19] Among the many musicians who have publicly attributed their activism—and the organisation of their own benefit events—to the inspiration of the work in this field of Monty Python are U2, Bob Geldof, Pete Townshend and Sting.[19] The shows are credited by Amnesty with helping the organisation develop public awareness in the US where one of the spin-off films was a major success.
Cleese and Jones had an involvement (as performer, writer or director) in all four Amnesty benefit shows, Palin in three, Chapman in two and Gilliam in one. Idle did not participate in the Amnesty shows. Notwithstanding Idle's lack of participation, the other five members (together with "Associate Pythons" Carol Cleveland and Neil Innes) all appeared together in the first Secret Policeman's Ball benefit—the 1976 A Poke In The Eye (With A Sharp Stick)—where they performed several Python sketches. In this first show they were collectively billed as Monty Python. (Peter Cook deputised for the errant Idle in one major sketch The Courtroom.) In the next three shows, the participating Python members performed many Python sketches, but were billed under their individual names rather than under the collective Python banner. After a six-year break, Amnesty resumed producing Secret Policeman's Ball benefit shows in 1987 (sometimes with, and sometimes without variants of the iconic title) and by 2006 had presented a total of twelve such shows. The shows since 1987 have featured newer generations of British comedic performers, including many who have attributed their participation in the show to their desire to emulate the Python's pioneering work for Amnesty. (Cleese and Palin made a brief cameo appearance in the 1989 Amnesty show; apart from that the Pythons have not appeared in shows after the first four.)
Going solo[link]
Each member has pursued various film, television and stage projects since the break-up of the group, but often continued to work with one another. Many of these collaborations were very successful, most notably A Fish Called Wanda (1988), written by Cleese, in which he starred along with Palin. The pair also appeared in Time Bandits (1981), a film directed by Gilliam, who wrote it together with Palin. Gilliam directed Jabberwocky (1977), and also directed and co-wrote Brazil (1985) and The Adventures of Baron Munchausen (1988), which featured Palin and Idle respectively. Yellowbeard (1983) was co-written by Chapman and featured Chapman, Cleese and Palin alongside many of their English contemporaries, including Peter Cook, Spike Milligan and Marty Feldman.
Palin and Jones wrote the comedic TV series Ripping Yarns (1976–79), starring Palin. Jones also appeared in the pilot episode and Cleese appeared in a non-speaking part in the episode "Golden Gordon". Jones' film Erik the Viking, also has Cleese playing a small part.
In 1996, Terry Jones wrote and directed an adaption of Kenneth Grahame's novel The Wind in the Willows. It featured four members of Monty Python: Jones as Mr. Toad, Idle as Ratty, Cleese as Mr. Toad's lawyer, and Palin as the Sun. Gilliam was considered for the voice of the river.
In terms of numbers of productions, Cleese has the most prolific solo career, having appeared in 59 theatrical films, 22 TV shows or series (including Cheers, 3rd Rock from the Sun, Q's assistant in the James Bond movies, and Will & Grace), 23 direct-to-video productions, six video games, and a number of commercials.[20] His BBC sitcom Fawlty Towers (written by and starring Cleese together with his then-wife Connie Booth), is considered the greatest solo work by a Python since the sketch show finished. It is the only comedy series to rank higher than the Flying Circus on the BFI TV 100's list, topping the whole poll.
Idle enjoyed critical success with Rutland Weekend Television in the mid-1970s, out of which came the Beatles parody The Rutles (responsible for the cult mockumentary All You Need Is Cash), and as an actor in Nuns on the Run (1990) with Robbie Coltrane. Idle has had success with Python songs: "Always Look on the Bright Side of Life" went to no. 3 in the UK singles chart in 1991. The song had been revived by Simon Mayo on BBC Radio 1, and was consequently released as a single that year. The theatrical phenomenon of the Python musical Spamalot has made Idle the most financially successful of the troupe post-Python. Written by Idle, it has proved an enormous hit on Broadway, London's West End and also Las Vegas.[21] This was followed by Not the Messiah (He's a Very Naughty Boy), which repurposes The Life of Brian as an oratorio. For the work's 2007 premiere at the Luminato festival in Toronto (which commissioned the work), Idle himself sang the "baritone-ish" part.
Post-Python reunions[link]
Since The Meaning of Life, their last project as a team, the Pythons have often been the subject of reunion rumours.[21] The final reunion of all six members occurred during the Parrot Sketch Not Included – 20 Years of Monty Python special. The death of Chapman in 1989 (on the eve of their 20th anniversary) put an end to the speculation of any further reunions. There have been several occasions since 1989 when the surviving five members have gathered together for appearances—albeit not formal reunions.
In 1996, Jones, Idle, Cleese and Palin were featured in a film adaptation of The Wind in the Willows, which was later renamed Mr. Toad's Wild Ride.
In 1998 during the US Comedy Arts Festival, where the troupe was awarded the AFI Star Award by the American Film Institute, the five remaining members along with what was purported to be Chapman's ashes, were reunited on stage for the first time in 18 years.[22] The occasion was in the form of an interview called Monty Python Live At Aspen, (hosted by Robert Klein, with an appearance by Eddie Izzard) in which the team looked back at some of their work and performed a few new sketches.
On 9 October 1999, to commemorate 30 years since the first Flying Circus television broadcast, BBC2 devoted an evening to Python programmes, including a documentary charting the history of the team, interspersed with new sketches by the Monty Python team filmed especially for the event. The program appears, though omitting a few things, on the DVD The Life of Python. Though Idle's involvement in the special is limited, the final sketch marks the only time since 1989 that all surviving members of the troupe appear in one sketch, albeit not in the same room.
In 2002, four of the surviving members, bar Cleese, performed "The Lumberjack Song" and "Sit on My Face" for George Harrison's memorial concert. The reunion also included regular supporting contributors Neil Innes and Carol Cleveland, with a special appearance from Tom Hanks.
In an interview to publicise the DVD release of The Meaning of Life, Cleese said a further reunion was unlikely. "It is absolutely impossible to get even a majority of us together in a room, and I'm not joking," Cleese said. He said that the problem was one of business rather than one of bad feelings.[23] A sketch appears on the same DVD spoofing the impossibility of a full reunion, bringing the members “together” in a deliberately unconvincing fashion with modern bluescreen/greenscreen techniques.
Idle has responded to queries about a Python reunion by adapting a line used by George Harrison in response to queries about a possible Beatles reunion. When asked in November 1989 about such a possibility, Harrison responded: "As far as I'm concerned, there won't be a Beatles reunion as long as John Lennon remains dead." Idle's version of this was that he expected to see a proper Python reunion, "just as soon as Graham Chapman comes back from the dead", but added, "we're talking to his agent about terms."[24]
2003's The Pythons Autobiography By The Pythons, compiled from interviews with the surviving members, reveals that a series of disputes in 1998, over a possible sequel to Holy Grail that had been conceived by Idle, may have resulted in the group's permanent fission. Cleese's feeling was that The Meaning of Life had been personally difficult and ultimately mediocre, and did not wish to be involved in another Python project for a variety of reasons (not least amongst them was the absence of Chapman, whose straight man-like central roles in the original Grail and Brian films had been considered to be essential performance anchorage). Apparently Idle was angry with Cleese for refusing to do the film, which most of the remaining Pythons thought reasonably promising (the basic plot would have taken on a self-referential tone, featuring them in their main 'knight' guises from Holy Grail, mulling over the possibilities of reforming their posse). The book also reveals that a secondary option around this point was the possibility of revitalising the Python brand with a new stage tour, perhaps with the promise of new material. This idea had also hit the buffers at Cleese's refusal, this time with the backing of other members.
March 2005 saw a full, if non-performing, reunion of the surviving cast members at the premiere of Idle's musical Spamalot, based on Monty Python and the Holy Grail. It opened in Chicago and has since played in New York on Broadway, London and numerous other major cities across the world. In 2004, it was nominated for 14 Tony Awards and won three: Best Musical, Best Direction of a Musical for Mike Nichols and Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical for Sara Ramirez, who played the Lady of the Lake, a character specially added for the musical. Cleese played the voice of God, played in the film by Chapman.
Owing in part to the success of Spamalot, PBS announced on 13 July 2005, that it would begin to re-air the entire run of Monty Python's Flying Circus and new one-hour specials focusing on each member of the group, called Monty Python's Personal Best.[25] Each episode was written and produced by the individual being honoured, with the five remaining Pythons collaborating on Chapman's programme, the only one of the editions to take on a serious tone with its new material.
Eric Idle and John Cleese appeared on stage together singing "Always Look on the Bright Side of Life" with the rest of the performers for the climax of Prince Charles 60th Birthday Show.
In 2009, to commemorate the fortieth anniversary of the first episode of Monty Python's Flying Circus, a six part documentary entitled Monty Python: Almost the Truth (The Lawyer's Cut) was released, featuring interviews with the surviving members of the team as well as archive interviews with Graham Chapman and numerous excerpts from the television series and films.
Also in commemoration of the 40th anniversary Idle, Palin, Jones and Gilliam appeared in a production of Not the Messiah (He's a Very Naughty Boy) at the Royal Albert Hall. The European premiere was held on 23 October 2009.[26] An official 40th anniversary Monty Python reunion event took place in New York City on 15 October 2009 where the Team received a Special Award from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts.[27]
In June 2011, it was announced that Monty Python have begun production on their first film project since the Meaning of Life in 1983. Their next film, A Liar's Autobiography, is an animated 3D movie based on the memoir of the late Python member, Graham Chapman, who died in 1989 at the age of 48. A Liar’s Autobiography was published in 1980 and details Chapman's journey through medical school, alcoholism, acknowledgement of his gay identity and the toils of surreal comedy.
Asked what was true in a deliberately fanciful account by Chapman of his life, Terry Jones joked: "Nothing . . . it’s all a downright, absolute, blackguardly lie."
The film will use Chapman's own voice - from a reading of his autobiography shortly before he died of cancer - and entertainment channel EPIX announced that the film will be released in early 2012 in both 2D and 3D formats. Produced and directed by London-based Bill Jones, Ben Timlett and Jeff Simpson, the new film has 15 animation companies working on chapters that will range from three to 12 minutes in length, each in a different style.
John Cleese has recorded new dialogue which will be matched with Chapman’s voice and Michael Palin will voice Chapman’s mother and father. Terry Gilliam plays various roles. Among the original Python group, only Eric Idle has not become involved, though Timlett said the filmmakers are “working on” him.[28]
Python members[link]
Graham Chapman was originally a medical student, joining the Footlights at Cambridge. He completed his medical training and was legally entitled to practice as a doctor. Chapman is best remembered for the lead roles in Holy Grail, as King Arthur, and Life of Brian, as Brian Cohen. He died of spinal and throat cancer on 4 October 1989. At Chapman's memorial service, Cleese delivered an irreverent eulogy that included all the euphemisms for being dead from the Dead Parrot sketch, which they had written.
John Cleese is the oldest Python. He met his future Python writing partner, Graham Chapman, in Cambridge.
Terry Gilliam, an American, was the only member of the troupe of non-British origin.[29] He started off as an animator and strip cartoonist for Harvey Kurtzman's Help! magazine, one issue of which featured Cleese. Moving from the USA to England, he animated features for Do Not Adjust Your Set and was then asked by its makers to join them on their next project: Monty Python's Flying Circus. He co-directed Monty Python and the Holy Grail and directed short segments of other Python films (for instance "The Crimson Permanent Assurance", the short film that appears before The Meaning of Life).
When Monty Python was first formed, two writing partnerships were already in place: Cleese and Chapman, Jones and Palin. That left two in their own corners: Gilliam, operating solo due to the nature of his work, and Eric Idle. Regular themes in his contributions were elaborate wordplay and musical numbers. After Flying Circus, he hosted Saturday Night Live four times in the first five seasons. Idle's initially successful solo career faltered in the 1990s with the failures of his 1993 film Splitting Heirs (written, produced by and starring him) and 1998's An Alan Smithee Film: Burn Hollywood Burn (in which he starred), which was awarded five Razzies, including 'Worst Picture of the Year'. He revived his career by returning to the source of his worldwide fame, adapting Monty Python material for other media. He also wrote the Broadway musical Spamalot, based on the Holy Grail movie. He also wrote Not the Messiah (He's a Very Naughty Boy), an oratorio derived from the Life of Brian.
Terry Jones has been described by other members of the team as the “heart” of the operation. Jones had a lead role in maintaining the group's unity and creative independence. Python biographer George Perry has commented that should you "speak to him on subjects as diverse as fossil fuels, or Rupert Bear, or mercenaries in the Middle Ages or Modern China... in a moment you will find yourself hopelessly out of your depth, floored by his knowledge." Many others agree that Jones is characterised by his irrepressible, good-natured enthusiasm. However, Jones' passion often led to prolonged arguments with other group members—in particular Cleese—with Jones often unwilling to back down. Since his major contributions were largely behind the scenes (direction, writing), and he often deferred to the other members of the group as an actor, Jones' importance to Python was often underrated. However, he does have the legacy of delivering possibly the most famous line in all of Python, as Brian's mother Mandy in Life of Brian, "He's not the Messiah, he's a very naughty boy!", a line voted the funniest in film history on two occasions.[30][31]
Michael Palin attended Oxford, where he met his Python writing partner Jones. The two also wrote the series Ripping Yarns together. Palin and Jones originally wrote face-to-face, but soon found it was more productive to write apart and then come together to review what the other had written. Therefore, Jones and Palin's sketches tended to be more focused than that of the others, taking one bizarre situation, sticking to it, and building on it. After Flying Circus, he hosted Saturday Night Live four times in the first ten seasons. His comedy output began to decrease in amount following the increasing success of his travel documentaries for the BBC. Palin released a book of diaries from the Python years entitled Michael Palin Diaries 1969–1979, published in 2007.
Associate Pythons[link]
Several people have been accorded unofficial "Associate Python" status over the years. Occasionally such people have been referred to as the 7th Python, in a style reminiscent of George Martin (or other associates of The Beatles) being dubbed "the Fifth Beatle." The two collaborators with the most meaningful and plentiful contributions have been Neil Innes and Carol Cleveland. Both were present and presented as Associate Pythons at the official Monty Python 25th anniversary celebrations held in Los Angeles in July 1994.
File:CarolCleveland.jpg
Carol Cleveland as the stereotypical "blonde bombshell" in the Marriage Guidance Counsellor sketch.
Neil Innes is the only non-Python besides Douglas Adams to be credited with writing material for the Flying Circus. He appeared in sketches and the Python films, as well as performing some of his songs in Monty Python Live at the Hollywood Bowl. He was also a regular stand-in for absent team members on the rare occasions when they re-created sketches. For example, he took the place of Cleese at the Concert for George. Gilliam once noted that if anyone qualified for the title of the "Seventh Python," it would certainly be Innes. He was one of the creative talents in the off-beat Bonzo Dog Band. He would later portray Ron Nasty of the Rutles and write all of the Rutles' compositions for All You Need is Cash (1978). By 2005, a falling out had occurred between Idle and Innes over additional Rutles projects, the results being Innes' critically acclaimed Rutles "reunion" album The Rutles: Archaeology and Idle's straight-to-DVD The Rutles 2: Can't Buy Me Lunch, each undertaken without the other's participation. According to an interview with Idle in the Chicago Tribune in May 2005, his attitude is that he and Innes go back "too far. And no further." Innes has remained silent on the dispute.
Carol Cleveland was the most important female performer in the Monty Python ensemble, commonly referred to as the "Python Girl." Originally hired by producer/director John Howard Davies for just the first five episodes of the Flying Circus, she went on to appear in approximately two-thirds of the episodes as well as in all of the Python films, and in most of their stage shows as well. Her common portrayal as the stereotypical "blonde bimbo" eventually earned her the sobriquet "Carol Cleavage" from the other Pythons, but she felt that the variety of her roles should not be described in such a pejorative way.
Other contributors[link]
Cleese's first wife Connie Booth appeared in, amongst others "The Lumberjack Song" and as the "witch" in Monty Python and the Holy Grail. Cleese and Booth later co-wrote and co-starred in Fawlty Towers.
Douglas Adams was "discovered" by Chapman when a version of the Footlights Revue (a 1974 BBC2 television show featuring some of Adams' early work) was performed live in London's West End. In Cleese's absence from the final TV series, the two formed a brief writing partnership, with Adams earning a writing credit in one episode for a sketch called "Patient Abuse". In the sketch, a man who had been stabbed by a nurse arrives at his doctor's office bleeding profusely from the stomach, when the doctor makes him fill out numerous senseless forms before he can administer treatment. He also had two cameo appearances in this season. Firstly, in the episode The Light Entertainment War, Adams shows up in a surgeon's mask (as Dr. Emile Koning, according to the on-screen captions), pulling on gloves, while Palin narrates a sketch that introduces one person after another, and never actually gets started. Secondly, at the beginning of Mr. Neutron, Adams is dressed in a "pepperpot" outfit and loads a missile onto a cart being driven by Terry Jones, who is calling out for scrap metal ("Any old iron..."). Adams and Chapman also subsequently attempted a few non-Python projects, including Out of the Trees. He also contributed to a sketch on the soundtrack album for Monty Python and the Holy Grail.
Stand-up comedian Eddie Izzard, a devoted fan of the group, has occasionally stood in for absent members. When the BBC held a "Python Night" in 1999 to celebrate 30 years of the first broadcast of Flying Circus, the Pythons recorded some new material with Izzard standing in for Idle, who had declined to partake in person (he taped a solo contribution from the US). Izzard hosted a history of the group entitled The Life of Python (1999) that was part of the Python Night and appeared with them at a festival/tribute in Aspen, Colorado, in 1998 (released on DVD as Live at Aspen).
Cultural influence[link]
By the time of the twenty-fifth anniversary of Monty Python in 1994, the point was already being made that "the five surviving members had with the passing years begun to occupy an institutional position in the edifice of British social culture that they had once had so much fun trying to demolish".[32] A similar point is made in a 2006 book on the relationship between Monty and philosophy: "It is remarkable, after all, not only that the utterly bizarre Monty Python's Flying Circus was sponsored by the BBC in the first place, but that Monty Python itself grew into an institution of enormous cultural influence"[33] Matt Groening, creator and co-developer of the animated sitcom The Simpsons, names Monty Python as an influence and pays tribute through a couch gag used in seasons five and six.[34]
Space[link]
In 2010 the commercial space company SpaceX, launched a wheel of cheese into low earth orbit and returned it safely to the earth. Elon Musk, CEO and CTO of SpaceX, claimed this was done as a tribute to Monty Python.
World records[link]
On St George's Day, 23 April 2007, the cast and creators of Spamalot gathered in Trafalgar Square under the tutelage of the two Terrys (Jones and Gilliam) to set a new record for the world's largest coconut orchestra. They led 5,567 people "clip-clopping" in time to the Python classic "Always Look On The Bright Side of Life" for the Guinness World Records attempt.[35]
'Pythonesque'[link]
Amongst the more visible cultural influences of Monty Python is the inclusion of terms either directly from, or derived from, Monty Python, into the lexicon of the English language. The most obvious of these is the term 'pythonesque', which has become a byword in surreal humour, and is included in standard dictionaries.[36] Terry Jones commented on his disappointment at the existence of such a term, claiming the initial aim of Monty Python was to create something new and impossible to categorize and that "the fact that Pythonesque is now a word in the Oxford English Dictionary shows the extent to which we failed".[37]
The term has been applied to animations similar to those constructed by Gilliam (e.g. the cut-out style of South Park, whose creators have often acknowledged a debt to Python, including contributing material to the aforementioned 30th anniversary theme night).[38]
Good Eats creator Alton Brown cited Python as one of the influences that shaped how he created the series, as well as how he authors the script for each episode.[39] Recent episodes even include Gilliam-style animations to illustrate key points.
Things named after Monty Python[link]
Beyond a dictionary definition, Python terms have entered the lexicon in other ways.
- The Python programming language by Guido van Rossum is named after the troupe, and Monty Python references are often found in sample code created for that language. Additionally, a 2001 April Fool's Day joke by van Rossum and Larry Wall involving the merger of Python with Perl was dubbed "Parrot" after the Dead Parrot Sketch. The name "Parrot" was later used for a project to develop a virtual machine for running bytecode for interpreted languages such as Perl and Python. Also, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory wrote some spacecraft navigation software in Python, which they dubbed "Monty". There is also a python refactoring tool called bicyclerepair ( [1] ), named after Bicycle Repair Man sketch.
- In 1985, a fossil of a previously unknown species of gigantic prehistoric snake from the Miocene was discovered in Riversleigh, Queensland, Australia. The Australian palaeontologist who discovered the fossil snake was a Monty Python fan, and he gave the snake the taxonomic name of Montypythonoides riversleighensis in honour of the Monty Python team.[40] (Transliterated from Greek Μοντυπυθωνοειδής back to English, Montypythonoides means "like Monty Python".)
- In 2006, Ben & Jerry's, known for their "celebrity flavours", introduced to the lineup "Vermonty Python", a coffee liqueur ice cream with a chocolate cookie crumb swirl and fudge cows. The name "Minty Python" had been suggested before in 1996 in a contest to select the quintessential British ice cream flavor.[41][42]
- In 1999, Black Sheep Brewery released an ale named "Monty Python's Holy
Grail Ale."[43] - The band Toad the Wet Sprocket drew its name from the Eric Idle monologue "Rock Notes" on Monty Python's Contractual Obligation Album from 1980.
- The band Boxhamsters, which is the German translation of Brook-Hamster, the winner of the Upper Class Twit of the Year.[44]
- A philosophy lecture series entitled Themes in Contemporary Analytic Philosophy as Reflected in the Work of Monty Python.[45][46]
- The term "spam" in reference to bulk, unsolicited email is derived from the programme's 1970 "Spam" sketch.[47]
- In the book The Reptile Room by "Lemony Snicket", the character Uncle Monty was named after Monty Python, in a joke referring to his obsession with snakes.
- Seven asteroids are named after Monty Python: 9617 Grahamchapman, 9618 Johncleese, 9619 Terrygilliam, 9620 Ericidle, 9621 Michaelpalin, 9622 Terryjones, and 13681 Monty Python .
- The endangered Bemaraha woolly lemur (Avahi cleesei) is named after John Cleese.
- Dead Parrot Society is the title of a comedy CD released in 1993 featuring sketches from Monty Python's Flying Circus as well as Graham Chapman, Peter Cook, John Cleese, Dudley Moore, and The Portsmouth Sinfonia The title is also a play on the 1989 film Dead Poets Society.
Media[link]
Main article: Monty Python mediagraphy
Television[link]
- Monty Python's Flying Circus (1969–74)
- The show that started the Python phenomenon. See also List of Monty Python's Flying Circus episodes
- Two 45-minute specials made by WDR for West German television. The first was recorded in German, while the second was in English with German dubbing.
- Monty Python's Personal Best (2006)
- Six one-hour specials, each episode presenting the best of one member's work.
Films[link]
There were five Monty Python productions released as theatrical films:
- A collection of sketches from the first and second TV series of Monty Python's Flying Circus purposely re-enacted and shot for film.
- King Arthur and his knights embark on a low-budget search for the Holy Grail, encountering humorous obstacles along the way. Some of these turned into standalone sketches.
- Monty Python's Life of Brian (1979)
- Brian is born on the first Christmas, in the stable next to Jesus'. He spends his life being mistaken for a messiah.
- A videotape recording directed by Ian MacNaughton of a live performance of sketches. Originally intended for a TV/video special. Transferred to 35mm and given a limited theatrical release in the US.
- An examination of the meaning of life in a series of sketches from conception to death and beyond.
- This film features interviews with all the surviving Python members, along with archive representation for the late Graham Chapman.
- This is an animated film which is based on the memoir of the late Monty Python member, Graham Chapman.
Albums[link]
- Monty Python's Flying Circus (1970)
- Another Monty Python Record (1971)
- Monty Python's Previous Record (1972)
- The Monty Python Matching Tie and Handkerchief (1973)
- Monty Python Live at Drury Lane (1974)
- The Album of the Soundtrack of the Trailer of the Film of Monty Python and the Holy Grail (1975)
- Monty Python Live at City Center (1976)
- The Monty Python Instant Record Collection (1977)
- Monty Python's Life of Brian (1979)
- Monty Python's Contractual Obligation Album (1980)
- Monty Python's The Meaning of Life (1983)
- The Final Rip Off (1988)
- Monty Python Sings (1989)
- The Monty Python Instant Record Collection, Volume 2 (1991)
- The Ultimate Monty Python Rip Off (1994)
- The Instant Monty Python CD Collection (1994)
- Spamalot (Broadway version of Monty Python and the Holy Grail with Tim Curry as King Arthur) (2005)
- The Hastily Cobbled Together for a Fast Buck Album (unreleased)
Theatre[link]
- Monty Python's Flying Circus – Between 1974 and 1980 (Live at the Hollywood Bowl was released in 1982, but was performed in 1980) the Pythons made three sketch-based stage shows, comprising mainly material from the original television series.
- Monty Python's Spamalot – Written by Idle directed by Mike Nichols, with music and lyrics by John Du Prez and Idle, and starring Hank Azaria, Tim Curry, and David Hyde Pierce, Spamalot is a musical adaptation of the film Monty Python and the Holy Grail. It ran in Chicago from 21 December 2004 to 23 January 2005, and began performances on Broadway on 17 March 2005. It won three Tonys.
- Not the Messiah (He's a Very Naughty Boy) – The Toronto Symphony Orchestra commissioned Idle and John Du Prez to write the music and lyrics of an oratorio based on Monty Python's Life of Brian. Entitled Not the Messiah, it had its world premiere as part of Luminato, a "festival of arts and creativity" taking place 1–10 June 2007 in Toronto. Not the Messiah was conducted by Peter Oundjian, Music Director of the Toronto Symphony Orchestra, who is Idle’s cousin. It was performed by a narrator, the Toronto Symphony Orchestra, with guest soloists and choir. According to Idle, "It will be funnier than Handel, though not as good".
Books[link]
- Monty Python's Big Red Book (1971) ISBN 0-413-29520-6.
- The Brand New Monty Python Bok (1973) ISBN 0-7493-1170-3.
- Monty Python and The Holy Grail (book) – Mønti Pythøn ik den Hølie Gräilen (Bøk) (1977) ISBN 0-413-38520-5.
- MONTYPYTHONSCRAPBOOK/ The Life of Brian (1979) ISBN 0-413-46550-0.
- Monty Python's Flying Circus – Just The Words Volume 1 (1989) ISBN 0-413-62540-0.
- Monty Python's Flying Circus – Just The Words Volume 2 (1989) ISBN 0-413-62550-8.
- The Complete Monty Python's Flying Circus Volumes 1 & 2
- The Fairly Incomplete & Rather Badly Illustrated Monty Python Song Book (1994) ISBN 0-413-69000-8
- Michael Palin Diaries 1969–1979
- The Pythons: Autobiography by the Pythons
- The Life of Brian/Jesus (2011) ISBN 978-1-84876-628-0.
Games[link]
- Monty Python's Flying Circus (1990) a computer game released by Virgin Games for 8-bit systems such as the Commodore 64, Amstrad CPC and the Sinclair ZX Spectrum[48]
- Monty Python's Complete Waste of Time (1994) released by 7th Level for PC / DOS
- Monty Python & the Quest for the Holy Grail (1996), official game released by 7th Level. It used footage and imagery from the film, as well as audio clips (some new) and featured an animated version of a scene never filmed entitled "King Brian The Wild".
- Monty Python's The Meaning of Life (1997), also released by 7th Level. According to the jewel case description, it's based on the film by the same name, but it's really something completely similar yet entirely different.
- Python-opoly (2007), a Monty Python-themed property game released by Toy Vault Inc.[49]
- Monty Python Fluxx (2008), a card game released by Looney Labs[50]
- Blazing Dragons
See also[link]
- Beyond the Fringe
- List of Monty Python's Flying Circus episodes
- List of recurring characters in Monty Python's Flying Circus
- Monty Python's Complete Waste of Time
- Python (Monty) Pictures
- Spamalot
- The Goodies
- The Goon Show
References[link]
- ^ Gilliam was born American and obtained British citizenship in 1968. In protest at George W. Bush, he renounced his American citizenship in January 2006 and is now only a British citizen. (in German) Kopflos am Potsdamer Platz, DE: Tagesspiegel, 10 February 2006, http://www.tagesspiegel.de/kultur/;art772,2004101, retrieved 15 September 2007
- ^ Wilmut (1980), p. 250.
- ^ The Pythons by 'The Pythons', ISBN 0-7528-5293-0.
- ^ Todd Leopold (11 December 2003). "How Monty Python changed the world". CNN. http://www.cnn.com/2003/SHOWBIZ/TV/12/10/monty.python/index.html. Retrieved 30 March 2007. "Python has been called "the Beatles of comedy,""
- ^ Mark Lewisohn. "Monty Python's Flying Circus". BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/comedy/guide/articles/m/montypythonsflyi_1299002137.shtml. Retrieved 31 March 2007. "In essence, the Monty Python team are the comedy equivalent of the Beatles."
- ^ 'Holy' Monty Python History Lesson. Entertainment Tonight. Retrieved 24 April 2012
- ^ 'Monty Python' Reunion Planned for New Movie. Christian Post. Retrieved 24 April 2012
- ^ "Cook voted 'comedians' comedian'". BBC News. 2 January 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/4141019.stm. Retrieved 21 September 2008.
- ^ a b The Pythons Autobiography By The Pythons—Graham Chapman, John Cleese, Terry Gilliam, Eric Idle, Terry Jones, Michael Palin, John Chapman, David Sherlock, Bob McCabe—Thomas Dunne Books; Orion, 2003
- ^ Wilmut (1980), p.211
- ^ "BBC – Comedy – Monty Python". http://www.bbc.co.uk/comedy/montypython/index.shtml.
- ^ a b Museum of Broadcast Communications. "Monty Python's Flying Circus". http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/M/htmlM/montypython/montypython.htm.
- ^ Monty Python's Flying Circus Just The Words Volume 1, p33. Methuen, 1990
- ^ a b c d Jamie Bradburn, with reference to Toronto Star article of 1971-02-02 (2011-09-20). "Vintage Toronto Ads: Jack of Hearts’ Flying Circus". St. Joseph Media. http://torontoist.com/2011/09/vintage-toronto-ads-jack-of-hearts-flying-circus/. Retrieved 2012-03-21.
- ^ David Stewart; David C. Stewart (May 1999). The PBS companion: a history of public television. TV Books. p. 216. ISBN 978-1-57500-050-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=U3S4AAAAIAAJ. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
- ^ Richard Ouzounian, "Python still has legs", Toronto Star, 16 July 2006
- ^ Interview with John Cleese on Q-The Podcast with host John Ghomeshi, on 16 July 2009
- ^ "50 Greatest Comedy Films". channel4.com. http://www.channel4.com/film/newsfeatures/microsites/G/greatest-comedyfilms/index.html. Retrieved 21 September 2008.
- ^ a b Secret Policeman's Ball recruits New York's finest to Amnesty celebration. The Guardian. Retrieved 24 April 2012
- ^ IMDB; as of January 2005; includes pre-release items.
- ^ a b Alan Parker; Mick O'Shea (1 April 2006). And Now For Something Completely Digital: The Complete Illustrated Guide to Monty Python CDs and DVDs. The Disinformation Company. p. 68. ISBN 978-1-932857-31-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=G49bRxbeH1kC&pg=PA68. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
- ^ Alleen Pace Nilsen; Don Lee Fred Nilsen (2000). Encyclopedia of 20th-century American humor. Oryx Press. p. 86. ISBN 978-1-57356-218-8. http://books.google.com/books?id=0ufWAAAAMAAJ. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
- ^ Monty Python reunion 'unlikely', BBC News, 9 September 2003
- ^ Graham Chapman; John Cleese; Terry Gilliam; Eric Idle (15 November 2005). The Pythons Autobiography by the Pythons. Macmillan. p. 328. ISBN 978-0-312-31145-2. http://books.google.com/books?id=3Q-XD02f4oQC&pg=PT328. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
- ^ Exclusive new Monty Python specials slated to premiere in 2006, PBS, 13 July 2005
- ^ mollyblack wrote: (11 July 2009). "retrieved 6 July 2009". The Independent (UK). http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/theatre-dance/news/monty-python-stars-to-stage-reunion-1733638.html. Retrieved 19 August 2009.
- ^ "Pythons receive BAFTA Special Award". Bafta.org. 18 October 2009. http://www.bafta.org/access-all-areas/videos/monty-python-special-award,877,BA.html. Retrieved 18 October 2009.
- ^ "Monty Python back for 3D animated film". The Daily Telegraph (London). 28 June 2011. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/film-news/8602765/Monty-Python-back-for-3D-animated-film.html.
- ^ David Morgan (6 October 2006). "Terry Gilliam Sounds Off, Director Of 'Brazil' Says Current Events Parallel His Cult Movie". CBSNews. http://www.showbuzz.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/10/06/movies/main2071659.shtml. Retrieved 21 September 2008.
- ^ Philip French, Mark Kermode, Jason Solomons, Akin Ojumu, and Killian Fox (22 July 2007). "The last laugh: your favourite 50". The Observer (UK). http://film.guardian.co.uk/features/featurepages/0,,2131880,00.html. Retrieved 21 September 2008.
- ^ Sarah Womack (19 February 2002). "Life of Brian wins the vote for film's best laughter line". London: Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1385293/Life-of-Brian-wins-the-vote-for-film's-best-laughter-line.html. Retrieved 21 September 2008.
- ^ Perry, George (1999). The Life of Python. London: Pavilion Books. p. 6. ISBN 1-85793-441-5. http://books.google.com/books?id=J_Zg-9u4yLAC&printsec=frontcover&dq=life+python#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 24 August 2010.
- ^ Hardcastle, G.L., & Reisch, G.A. (2006). "”What’s All This Then?” The Introduction". In Gary L. Hardcastle & George A Reisch. Monty Python and Philosophy: Nudge Nudge, Think Think!. Vol. 19 in Popular Culture and Philosophy series. Chicago: Open Court. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-8126-9593-9. http://books.google.com/books?id=wPQelKFNA5MC&printsec=frontcover&dq=monty+python#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 24 August 2010. Also ISBN 0-8126-9593-3
- ^ "Monty Python's Flying Circus Foot couch gag - Simpsons Wiki". Simpsons.wikia.com. 2011-12-24. http://simpsons.wikia.com/wiki/Monty_Python's_Flying_Circus_Foot_couch_gag. Retrieved 2012-01-02.
- ^ BBC-Spamalot cast sets coconut record.
- ^ "Monty Pythonesque." Webster's New Millennium Dictionary of English, Preview Edition (v 0.9.7). Lexico Publishing Group, LLC. 23 November 2007. Pythonesque
- ^ Monty Python: Live at Aspen, 1998
- ^ "Monty Python meets South Park". BBC News. 4 October 1999. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/464765.stm. Retrieved 21 September 2008.
- ^ Marc Berman (27 September 2009). "Mr. TV: Food for Thought". Mediaweek. http://www.mediaweek.com/mw/content_display/community/programming-insider/column/e3icbd5f8a8048766fc980ec4910fe71b25. Retrieved 27 October 2009.
- ^ Monty Python – a Brief History, BBC, 29 January 2002
- ^ "STAN FREBERG HERE – British Ice Cream Flavors:". http://leemichaelwithers.tripod.com/sfh7_16_96.htm. Retrieved 1 October 2010. "Ben & Jerry's Ice Cream has just finished a contest to select the quintessential British ice cream flavor. ... They wanted a kind of "pun" flavor along the lines of their successful American flavor, "Cherry Garcia"--hmm, my favorite. Anyhow, the winner was "Cool Brittania." ... But some of the 7500 losers might have been better. How about this, for British flavors: "Minty Python"? "Jack the Ripple"? Or how about "The Rolling Scones"?"
- ^ "American Scoops Up Prize For Name Of Brit Ben & Jerry's – Orlando Sentinel". Wall Street Journal. 4 July 1996. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1996-07-04/business/9607030986_1_ben-jerry-ice-cream-flavor. Retrieved 1 October 2010. "If Britain were an ice cream, what flavor would it be? Jack the Ripple? Charles and Diana Split? Those names were floated in a contest run by Ben & Jerry's Homemade Inc. to create the quintessential British ice cream flavor, along the lines of its world-famous American flavor, Cherry Garcia."
- ^ "Monty Python's Holy Grail". Blacksheepbrewery.com. http://www.blacksheepbrewery.com/Beers/BottledBeers/HolyGrail.aspx. Retrieved 2012-01-02.
- ^ "Boxhamsters". www.boxhamsters.net. http://www.boxhamsters.net. Retrieved 19 August 2009.
- ^ Eric Barnes. "Gary L. Hardcastle: Themes in Contemporary Analytic Philosophy as Relfected in the Work of Monty Python". Mtholyoke.edu. http://www.mtholyoke.edu/~ebarnes/python/python.htm. Retrieved 2012-01-02.
- ^ Gary L. Hardcastle & George A Reisch, ed. (2006). Monty Python and Philosophy: Nudge Nudge, Think Think!. Chicago: Open Court. ISBN 978-0-8126-9593-9. Also ISBN 0-8126-9593-3
- ^ "RFC 2635 – DON\x27T SPEW A Set of Guidelines for Mass Unsolicited Mailings and Postings (spam*):". http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2635. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
- ^ "Monty Python's Flying Circus on World of Spectrum". Worldofspectrum.org. http://www.worldofspectrum.org/infoseekid.cgi?id=0003260. Retrieved 19 August 2009.
- ^ "Toy Vault web site for Python-opoly, retrieved November 20, 2008". Toyvault.com. http://www.toyvault.com/pythonopoly/index.htm. Retrieved 19 August 2009.
- ^ "Web site for Monty Python Fluxx". Fluxxgames.com. http://fluxxgames.com/. Retrieved 19 August 2009.
Further reading[link]
- Graham Chapman; Jim Yoakum (1997). Graham Crackers: Fuzzy Memories, Silly Bits, and Outright Lies. Career Press. ISBN 978-1-56414-334-1. http://books.google.com/books?id=8xGcAAAACAAJ. Retrieved 1 October 2010.
- Marcia Landy (2005). Monty Python's flying circus. Wayne State University Press. ISBN 978-0-8143-3103-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=J1CxIuG-_NkC. Retrieved 1 October 2010.
- Darl Larsen (2003). Monty Python, Shakespeare, and English Renaissance drama. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-1504-5. http://books.google.com/books?id=qVa1Hfh11V0C. Retrieved 1 October 2010.
- David Morgan (1999). Monty Python speaks!. Fourth Estate. ISBN 978-1-84115-168-7. http://books.google.com/books?id=aTYcAQAAIAAJ. Retrieved 1 October 2010.
- Alan Parker; Mick O'Shea (2006). And Now For Something Completely Digital: The Complete Illustrated Guide to Monty Python CDs and DVDs. The Disinformation Company. ISBN 978-1-932857-31-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=G49bRxbeH1kC. Retrieved 1 October 2010.
- George Perry (2007). The Life of Python. Pavilion. ISBN 978-1-86205-762-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=J_Zg-9u4yLAC. Retrieved 1 October 2010.
- Roger Wilmut (1980). From fringe to flying circus: celebrating a unique generation of comedy, 1960–1980. Eyre Methuen. ISBN 978-0-413-46950-2. http://books.google.com/books?id=PzxaAAAAMAAJ. Retrieved 1 October 2010.
- The Secret Policeman's Balls, 3-DVD set (2009)
- "The Secret Policeman's Balls DVD Release". Music For Human Rights. 27 January 2009. http://www.musicforhumanrights.org/news/secret-policemans-balls-dvd-release. Retrieved 19 August 2009.
- Monty Python: 40 Years of Insanity
- "Monty Python: 40 Years of Insanity". Life.com. 5 October 2009. http://www.life.com/image/first/in-gallery/34232/monty-python-40-years-of-insanity. Retrieved 6 October 2009.
- The Life of Python – 20 Greatest Monty Python Sketches (40th Anniversary)
- "The Life of Python – 20 Greatest Monty Python Sketches". Gnews.com. 5 October 2009. http://gnews.com/entertainment/The-Life-of-Python-20-Greatest-Monty-Python-Sketches-110424014489.html. Retrieved 6 October 2009.
External links[link]
|
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Monty Python |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Monty Python |
- Pythonline.com – Monty Python's sort-of official site, actively maintained by Eric Idle
- Monty Python – Official YouTube page
- Monty Python Videos – Monty Python's best videos and movies
- 2012 interview with Carol Cleveland, covering Flying Circus and Holy Grail
- Python at ifilm.com
- Pythonisms: Python quotes as figures of speech
- Release of the 3-DVD Secret Policeman's Balls
- 40 Years of Monty Python – photo essay by TIME magazine
- Monty Python Reunion event, New York, 15 October 2009
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