- published: 29 Jan 2012
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- author: CBSNewsOnline
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![Hillary Clinton Leon Panetta Interview with Wolf Blitzer Brussels Belgium (April 19, 2012) [3/3]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130116083956im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/8-7xkIBnkfo/default.jpg "Wolf Blitzer interviews Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Defense Secretary Leon Panetta at NATO headquarters in Brussels, Belgium. Thursday April 19, 2012.")
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Afghanistan
Afghanistan
i/æfˈɡænɨstæn/ (Persian/Pashto: افغانستان, Afġānistān), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming part of South Asia, Central Asia, and Greater Middle East, it is also considered to be part of a broader West Asia. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of 647,500 km2 (250,001 sq mi), making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world. It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and the east, Iran in the west, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north, and China in the far northeast.
Afghanistan has been an ancient focal point of the Silk Road and human migration. Archaeologists have found evidence of human habitation from as far back as 50,000 BC. Urban civilization may have begun in the area as early as 3,000 to 2,000 BC. Sitting at an important geostrategic location that connects the Middle East with Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent, the land has been home to various peoples through the ages and witnessed many military campaigns, notably by Alexander the Great, Genghis Khan, and in modern era Western forces. The land also served as a source from which the Greco-Bactrians, Kushans, Saffarids, Ghaznavids, Ghorids, Timurids, Mughals and many others have risen to form major empires.
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Canada
Canada (
/ˈkænədə/) is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean. Spanning over 9,900,000 km2 (3,800,000 sq mi), Canada is the world's second-largest country by total area, and its common border with the United States is the longest land border in the world.
The land that is now Canada has been inhabited for millennia by various Aboriginal peoples. Beginning in the late 15th century, British and French colonial expeditions explored, and later settled, along the region's Atlantic coast. France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy; the Canada Act 1982 severed the vestiges of legal dependence on Britain.
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Ethiopia
Ethiopia (
/ˌiːθiˈoʊpiə/) (Ge'ez: ኢትዮጵያ ʾĪtyōṗṗyā), officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa. It is the second-most populous nation in Africa, with over 82 million inhabitants, and the tenth largest by area, occupying 1,100,000 km2. Ethiopia is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Djibouti and Somalia to the east, Sudan and South Sudan to the west, and Kenya to the south. With its capital at Addis Ababa, it is also the most populous landlocked nation in the world.
Ethiopia was a monarchy for most of its history, and the Ethiopian dynasty traces its roots to the 2nd century BC. Ethiopia is also one of the oldest sites of human existence known to scientists today, having yielded some of humanity's oldest traces. It may be the region from which Homo sapiens first set out for the Middle East and points beyond. Alongside Rome, Persia, China and India, the Ethiopian Aksum Empire was considered one of the great world powers of the 3rd century. During the Scramble for Africa, Ethiopia was the only African country beside Liberia that retained its sovereignty as a recognized independent country, and was one of only four African members of the League of Nations. After a brief period of Italian occupation, Ethiopia became a charter member of the United Nations. When other African nations received their independence following World War II, many of them adopted the colors of Ethiopia's flag, and Addis Ababa became the location of several international organizations focused on Africa.
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France
France (Englishi/ˈfræns/ FRANSS or /ˈfrɑːns/ FRAHNSS; French: [fʁɑ̃s] (
listen)), officially the French Republic (French: République française [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is often referred to as l’Hexagone ("The Hexagon") because of the geometric shape of its territory. It is the largest western European country and it possesses the second-largest exclusive economic zone in the world, covering 11,035,000 km2 (4,260,000 sq mi), just behind that of the United States (11,351,000 km2 / 4,383,000 sq mi).
Over the past 500 years, France has been a major power with strong cultural, economic, military and political influence in Europe and around the world. During the 17th and 18th centuries, France colonised great parts of North America and Southeast Asia; during the 19th and early 20th centuries, France built the second largest colonial empire of the time, including large portions of North, West and Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and many Caribbean and Pacific Islands.
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Germany
Germany (i/ˈdʒɜrməni/), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant] ( listen)), is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state and the largest economy in the European Union. It is one of the major political powers of the European continent and a technological leader in many fields.
A region named Germania, inhabited by several Germanic peoples, was documented before AD 100. During the Migration Period, the Germanic tribes expanded southward, and established successor kingdoms throughout much of Europe. Beginning in the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th century, northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation while southern and western parts remained dominated by Roman Catholic denominations, with the two factions clashing in the Thirty Years' War, marking the beginning of the Catholic–Protestant divide that has characterized German society ever since. Occupied during the Napoleonic Wars, the rise of Pan-Germanism inside the German Confederation resulted in the unification of most of the German states into the German Empire in 1871 which was Prussian dominated. After the German Revolution of 1918–1919 and the subsequent military surrender in World War I, the Empire was replaced by the Weimar Republic in 1918, and partitioned in the Treaty of Versailles. Amidst the Great Depression, the Third Reich was proclaimed in 1933. The latter period was marked by Fascism and World War II. After 1945, Germany was divided by allied occupation, and evolved into two states, East Germany and West Germany. In 1990 Germany was reunified.
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Iraq
Iraq (/ɪˈræk/ or
i/ɪˈrɑːk/; Arabic: العراق al-‘Irāq); officially the Republic of Iraq (Arabic: جمهورية العراق (help·info) Jumhūriyyat al-‘Irāq), is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert.
Iraq borders Syria to the northwest, Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Jordan to the southwest and Kuwait and Saudi Arabia to the south. Iraq has a narrow section of coastline measuring 58 km (36 mi) on the northern Persian Gulf. The capital city, Baghdad is in the center-east of the country.
Two major rivers, the Tigris and Euphrates, run through the center of Iraq, flowing from northwest to southeast. These provide Iraq with agriculturally capable land and contrast with the steppe and desert landscape that covers most of Western Asia.
Historically, Iraq was the center of the Abbasid Arabic Islamic Empire. Iraq has been known to the west by the Greek toponym 'Mesopotamia' (Land between the rivers) and has been home to continuous successive civilizations since the 6th millennium BC. The region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers is often referred to as the cradle of civilization and the birthplace of writing, law and the wheel. At different periods in its history, Iraq was the center of the indigenous Akkadian, Sumerian, Assyrian, Babylonian, and Abbasid empires. It was also part of the Achaemenid, Hellenistic, Parthian, Sassanid, Roman, Rashidun, Umayyad, Mongol, Safavid, Afsharid, and Ottoman empires, and under British control as a League of Nations mandate.
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Islamic Courts Union
The Islamic Courts Union (ICU) (Somali: Midowga Maxkamadaha Islaamiga, Arabic: اتحاد المحاكم الإسلامية, Ittihād al-mahākim al-islāmiyya) was a group of Sharia Courts who united themselves to form a rival administration to the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) of Somalia, with Sharif Sheikh Ahmed as head of the ICU. They are also known as the Joint Islamic Courts, Union of Islamic Courts (UIC), Supreme Islamic Courts Council (SICC) or the Supreme Council of Islamic Courts (SCIC). Western media often refer to the group as Somali Islamists.
Until the end of 2006, they controlled most of southern Somalia and the vast majority of its population, including most major cities such as Jowhar, Kismayo, Beledweyne, and the capital Mogadishu. The ICU was supported by warlord Yusuf "Indho Ade" Mohamed Siad who ruled Lower Shabelle but later became defense chief of the ICU, who aided in the defeat of the Mogadishu warlords. Only the Northern regions (Puntland, Somaliland), and the furthest interior regions of the south were outside their control. In December 2006, the ICU lost much territory after defeats at the battles of Baidoa, Bandiradley, and Beledweyne, retreating to the capital, Mogadishu. On December 28 they abandoned Mogadishu, leaving the city in chaos while they moved south towards Kismayo, which allowed the TFG and Ethiopian troops to take over the city. After a stand at the Battle of Jilib, the ICU abandoned the city of Kismayo on January 1, 2007. Stripped of almost all their territory, it was speculated the ICU would pursue guerrilla-style warfare against the government.
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Italy
Italyi/ˈɪtəli/ (Italian: Italia [iˈtaːlja]), officially the Italian Republic or the Republic of Italy (Italian: Repubblica italiana), is a unitary parliamentary republic in south-central Europe. To the north, it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south, it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia–the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea–and many other smaller islands. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. The territory of Italy covers some 301,338 km2 (116,347 sq mi) and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 60.6 million inhabitants, it is the fifth most populous country in Europe, and the 23rd most populous in the world.
Rome, the capital of Italy, was for centuries a political and religious centre of Western civilisation as the capital of the Roman Empire and site of the Holy See. After the decline of the Roman Empire, Italy endured numerous invasions by foreign peoples, from Germanic tribes such as the Lombards and Ostrogoths, to the Byzantines and later, the Normans, among others. Centuries later, Italy became the birthplace of Maritime republics and the Renaissance, an immensely fruitful intellectual movement that would prove to be integral in shaping the subsequent course of European thought.
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Japan
Japani/dʒəˈpæn/ (Japanese: 日本 Nihon or Nippon; formally 日本国 Nippon-koku or Nihon-koku, literally the State of Japan) is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin", which is why Japan is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun".
Japan is an archipelago of 6,852 islands. The four largest islands are Honshū, Hokkaidō, Kyūshū and Shikoku, together accounting for ninety-seven percent of Japan's land area. Japan has the world's tenth-largest population, with over 127 million people. The Greater Tokyo Area, which includes the de facto capital city of Tokyo and several surrounding prefectures, is the largest metropolitan area in the world, with over 30 million residents.
Archaeological research indicates that people lived in Japan as early as the Upper Paleolithic period. The first written mention of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 1st century AD. Influence from other nations followed by long periods of isolation has characterized Japan's history. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, victory in the First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War and World War I allowed Japan to expand its empire during a period of increasing militarism. The Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopting its revised constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary constitutional monarchy with an emperor and an elected parliament called the Diet.
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NATO
Coordinates: 50°52′34.16″N 4°25′19.24″E / 50.8761556°N 4.4220111°E / 50.8761556; 4.4220111
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization or NATO ( /ˈneɪtoʊ/ NAY-toh; French: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique Nord (OTAN)), also called the (North) Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 April 1949. The organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party. NATO's headquarters are in Brussels, Belgium, one of the 28 member states across North America and Europe, the newest of which, Albania and Croatia, joined in April 2009. An additional 22 countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace, with 15 other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programs. The combined military spending of all NATO members constitutes over 70% of the world's defence spending.
For its first few years, NATO was not much more than a political association. However, the Korean War galvanized the member states, and an integrated military structure was built up under the direction of two U.S. supreme commanders. The course of the Cold War led to a rivalry with nations of the Warsaw Pact, which formed in 1955. The first NATO Secretary General, Lord Ismay, stated in 1949 that the organization's goal was "to keep the Russians out, the Americans in, and the Germans down." Doubts over the strength of the relationship between the European states and the United States ebbed and flowed, along with doubts over the credibility of the NATO defence against a prospective Soviet invasion—doubts that led to the development of the independent French nuclear deterrent and the withdrawal of the French from NATO's military structure in 1966.
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Operation Linda Nchi
Operation Linda Nchi ("Protect the country";Swahili: Linda Nchi) is the codename for a coordinated military operation between the Somalian military, the Kenyan military, the Ethiopian military, the French military, and allegedly the United States military that began on an unspecified date in mid-October 2011, when troops from Kenya crossed the border into the conflict zones of southern Somalia. The soldiers were in pursuit of Al-Shabaab militants that are alleged to have kidnapped several foreign tourists and aid workers inside Kenya. According to the Ethiopian Foreign Minister, the operation represents one of the final stages in the Islamist insurgency of the Somali Civil War.
Kenya's incursion into southern Somalia started after the kidnapping of two Spanish women, who were working for Médecins Sans Frontières at the Dadaab refugee camp. The abductions were allegedly carried out by Al Shabaab militants. The Kenyan government claimed its troop deployment had received approval from the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia (TFG). Kenya's Foreign Affairs Minister, Moses Wetangula, stated that the deployment of Kenyan troops was at the request of the TFG. The Kenyan military said that there was no set exit date for the operation, but the indicator of the mission's success would be a crippling of Al-Shabaab's capacity.
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Pakistan
Pakistan (i/ˈpækɨstæn/ or i/pɑːkiˈstɑːn/; Urdu: پاکستان) (Urdu pronunciation: [paːkɪˈst̪aːn] (
listen)), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Urdu: اسلامی جمہوریۂ پاکستان), is a sovereign country in South Asia. It sits at the crossroads of the strategically important regions of South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. It has a 1,046-kilometre (650 mi) coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west and north, Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast. It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north, and it shares a marine border with Oman.
The territory of modern Pakistan was the site of several ancient cultures, including the Neolithic Mehrgarh and the Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilisation, and has undergone invasions or settlements by Hindu, Persian, Indo-Greek, Islamic, Turco-Mongol, Afghan and Sikh cultures. Thus the area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties, including the Indian Mauryan Empire, the Persian Achaemenid Empire, the Arab Umayyad Caliphate, the Mongol Empire, the Mughal Empire, the Durrani Empire, the Sikh Empire and the British Empire. As a result of the Pakistan Movement led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah and India's struggle for independence, Pakistan was created in 1947 as an independent nation for Muslims from the regions in the east and west of India where there was a Muslim majority. Initially a dominion, Pakistan adopted a new constitution in 1956, becoming an Islamic republic. A civil war in 1971 resulted in the secession of East Pakistan as the new country of Bangladesh.
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Philippines
The Philippinesi/ˈfɪlɨpiːnz/ FI-lə-peenz (Filipino: Pilipinas [ˌpɪlɪˈpinɐs]), officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (Filipino: Republika ng Pilipinas) is a sovereign country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam. The Sulu Sea to the southwest lies between the country and the island of Borneo, and to the south the Celebes Sea separates it from other islands of Indonesia. It is bounded on the east by the Philippine Sea. Its location on the Pacific Ring of Fire and its tropical climate make the Philippines prone to earthquakes and typhoons but have also endowed the country with natural resources and made it one of the richest areas of biodiversity in the world. An archipelago comprising 7,107 islands, the Philippines is categorized broadly into three main geographical divisions: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Its capital city is Manila.
With an estimated population of about 98 million people, the Philippines is the 7th most populated Asian country and the 12th most populated country in the world. An additional 12.5 million Filipinos live overseas. Multiple ethnicities and cultures are found throughout the islands. In prehistoric times, Negritos were some of the archipelago's earliest inhabitants. They were followed by successive waves of Austronesian peoples who brought with them influences from Malay, Hindu, and Islamic societies. Trade introduced Chinese cultural influences which remain to this day.
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Russia
Russiai/ˈrʌʃə/ or /ˈrʊʃə/ (Russian: Россия, tr. Rossiya; IPA: [rɐˈsʲijə] ( listen)), also officially known as the Russian Federation (Russian: Российская Федерация, tr. Rossiyskaya Federatsiya; IPA: [rɐˈsʲijskəjə fʲɪdʲɪˈratsɨjə] ( listen)), is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both via Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia, and North Korea. It also has maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk, and the US state of Alaska by the Bering Strait. At 17,075,400 square kilometres (6,592,800 sq mi), Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than one eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area. Russia is also the eighth most populous nation with 143 million people. It extends across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe, spanning nine time zones and incorporating a wide range of environments and landforms. Russia has the world's largest reserves of mineral and energy resources and is the largest producer of oil and natural gas globally. Russia has the world's largest forest reserves and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the world's fresh water.
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Siderno
Siderno (Greek: Siderinò) is a town and comune located in Calabria, Italy about 3 kilometres from Locri.
Siderno Marina is the newer town located on the Ionian coast. It is popular with both Italian and foreign tourists and has a bathing beach.
Siderno Superiore is the old town, higher up on the flank of the coastal mountain range. It has historic palaces, old buildings and very narrow streets. It has now become a ghost town because most of the old population has moved to the more modern Siderno which is the new city and offers more job opportunities and services.
The early history of the town is unknown. The old town in the hilly inland was probably founded in the 10th century AD by some people from Locri, who had fled to the area to defend themselves from Saracen incursions; in the following century it became a hamlet of the county of Grotteria and was home to various feudal lords. Siderno Marina was built along the coast after the 1783 earthquake.
Large-scale emigration abroad as well as to Northern Italy, which began to diminish only in the 1970s, has had a lasting effect on the demographic situation in the region. Emigrants from Siderno emigrated to the United States, Canada and Australia since the end of the 19th century to find employment.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the north-western coast of continental Europe. The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea.
The United Kingdom is a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system, with its seat of government in the capital city of London. It is a country in its own right and consists of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. There are three devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in Belfast, Edinburgh and Cardiff, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Associated with the UK, but not constitutionally part of it, are three Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom has fourteen overseas territories. These are remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in 1922, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface and was the largest empire in history. British influence can still be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former territories.
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United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km2) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.
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Al Gore
Albert Arnold "Al" Gore, Jr. (born March 31, 1948) served as the 45th Vice President of the United States (1993–2001), under President Bill Clinton. He was the Democratic Party's nominee for President and won the popular vote in the 2000 U.S. presidential election.
Gore is currently an author and environmental activist. He has founded a number of non-profit organizations, including the Alliance for Climate Protection, and has received a Nobel Peace Prize for his work in climate change activism.
Gore was previously an elected official for 24 years, representing Tennessee in the U.S. House of Representatives (1977–85), and later in the U.S. Senate (1985–93), and finally becoming Vice President in 1993. In the 2000 presidential election, Gore won the popular vote by a margin of more than 500,000 votes. However, he ultimately lost the Electoral College to Republican George W. Bush when the U.S. Supreme Court settled the legal controversy over the Florida vote recount by ruling 5-4 in favor of Bush. It was the only time in history that the Supreme Court has determined the outcome of a presidential election.
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Alexander Haig
Alexander Meigs Haig, Jr. (December 2, 1924 – February 20, 2010) was a United States Army general who served as the United States Secretary of State under President Ronald Reagan and White House Chief of Staff under Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford. He also served as Vice Chief of Staff of the Army, the second-highest ranking officer in the Army, and as Supreme Allied Commander Europe commanding all US and NATO forces in Europe.
A veteran of the Korean War and Vietnam War, Haig was a recipient of the Distinguished Service Cross, the Silver Star with oak leaf cluster, and the Purple Heart.
Haig was born in Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania. He was the middle of three children of Alexander Meigs Haig, Sr., a Republican lawyer, and his wife Regina Anne Murphy. When Haig was 10, his father, aged 38, died of cancer. His Irish American mother raised her children in the Catholic Church. He attended Saint Joseph's Preparatory School in North Philadelphia. He then studied at the University of Notre Dame for two years, before transferring to the United States Military Academy, where he graduated in 1947. Haig later earned a Master of Business Administration degree from Columbia Business School in 1955 and a Master of Arts degree in international relations from Georgetown University in 1961. His thesis examined the role of military officers in making national policy.
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Alexis Herman
Alexis Margaret Herman (born July 16, 1947 in Mobile, Alabama) was the 23rd U.S. Secretary of Labor, serving under President Bill Clinton. Prior to her appointment, she was Assistant to the President and Director of the White House Office of Public Engagement.
The daughter of politician Alex Herman and schoolteacher Gloria Caponis, Alexis grew up in a Catholic home in Mobile and earned her high school diploma in 1965 from the Heart of Mary High School. She briefly attended Edgewood College in Madison, Wisconsin, and Spring Hill College in Mobile, but transferred to Xavier University of Louisiana in New Orleans, where she became an active member of the Gamma Alpha Chapter of Delta Sigma Theta sorority and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in Sociology in 1969.
Herman was Queen of Carnival for the Mobile Area Mardi Gras Association (Mobile's African-American Mardi Gras umbrella organization) in 1974. Her Carnival king, Douglas Wicks, would go on to become the first African-American elected to the Mobile County Commission since Reconstruction.
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Alice Rivlin
Alice Mitchell Rivlin (born March 4, 1931, in Philadelphia) is an economist, a former U.S. Cabinet official, and an expert on the budget. She has served as the Vice Chairman of the Federal Reserve, the Director of the White House Office of Management and Budget, and the first Director of the Congressional Budget Office. In early 2010, Rivlin was appointed by President Barack Obama to his National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform.
Rivlin is a daughter of the physicist Allan C. G. Mitchell and a granddaughter of the astronomer Samuel Alfred Mitchell. She is a member of the Rivlin family.
Rivlin grew up in Bloomington, Indiana where her father was on the faculty of Indiana University. She briefly attended University High School in Bloomington before leaving to attend high school at The Madeira School. She then went on to Bryn Mawr College. Initially, she studied history, but after taking an economics course at Indiana University she decided to major in economics instead. She earned her Bachelor's of Art in 1952, writing her senior thesis on the economic integration of Western Europe.
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Allen Welsh Dulles
Allen Welsh Dulles (April 7, 1893 – January 29, 1969) was an American diplomat, lawyer, banker, and public official who became the first civilian and the longest-serving (1953–1961) Director of Central Intelligence (de facto head of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency) and a member of the Warren Commission. Between stints of government service, Dulles was a corporate lawyer and partner at Sullivan & Cromwell. His older brother, John Foster Dulles, was the Secretary of State during the Eisenhower Administration.
Allen Dulles was born on April 7, 1893, in Watertown, New York, and grew up in a family where public service was valued and world affairs were a common topic of discussion. Dulles was one of five children born to Presbyterian minister Allen Macy Dulles and his wife Edith (Foster). He was five years younger than his brother John Foster Dulles, Dwight D. Eisenhower's Secretary of State and chairman and senior partner of Sullivan & Cromwell, and two years older than his sister, diplomat Eleanor Lansing Dulles. His maternal grandfather was John W. Foster, who was Secretary of State under Benjamin Harrison. His paternal grandfather, John Welch Dulles, had been a Presbyterian missionary in China. His uncle (by marriage), Robert Lansing, was also a U.S. Secretary of State. His nephew, Avery Dulles, was a Roman Catholic cardinal, Jesuit priest, and noted theologian who taught at Fordham University.
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Anatoliy Serdyukov
Anatoliy Eduardovich Serdyukov (Russian: Анатолий Эдуардович Сердюкóв) (born January 8, 1962) is a Russian politician and businessman who has been the Defense Minister of Russia since February 15, 2007. He is known for launching major reforms in the Russian military.
Born at Krasnodar Krai, Serdyukov graduated from Leningrad Institute of Soviet Trade in 1984 with a degree in economics. From 1984 to 1985 he served in the Soviet Army. Since 1985 he had worked in a furniture shop and from 1995 to 2000 was the director general of Furniture Market, a furniture company in Saint Petersburg. Serdyukov's career started to develop very successfully after the election of Vladimir Putin as Russian President in 2000. In 2001 Serdyukov graduated from the Law Department of Saint Petersburg State University. From 2000 to 2001 he served as a Deputy Chief of the Saint Petersburg Directorate of the Tax Ministry of Russia, from 2001 to 2004 he led the Directorate, succeeding Viktor Zubkov, his father-in-law. On March 2, 2004, he was appointed Deputy Tax Minister of Russia.
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Andrew Card
Andrew Hill Card, Jr. (born May 10, 1947) is a Republican American politician, former United States Cabinet member, and head of President George W. Bush's White House Iraq Group. Card served as U.S. Secretary of Transportation under President George H. W. Bush and the White House Chief of Staff under George W. Bush. He announced his resignation as Chief of Staff March 28, 2006, effective April 14, 2006. Card is currently the Dean of The Bush School of Government and Public Service, at Texas A&M University.
Card was born in Brockton, Massachusetts, the son of Joyce (née Whitaker) and Andrew Hill Card, Sr. He was active in the Boy Scouts of America's Old Colony Council and earned the rank of Life Scout. Later, he graduated from the University of South Carolina with a Bachelor of Science degree in engineering. He also attended the United States Merchant Marine Academy and the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. Card served in the United States Merchant Marine from 1966 to 1967.
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Andrew Cuomo
Andrew Mark Cuomo (pronounced /ˈkwoʊmoʊ/; born December 6, 1957) is the 56th and current Governor of New York, having assumed office on January 1, 2011. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the 64th New York State Attorney General, and was the 11th United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. Born in Queens, New York, he is the son of Mario Cuomo, the 52nd Governor of New York (1983–1994).
Cuomo was born in Queens, New York, to a family of Italian-American origin and is the eldest son of Mario Cuomo, and Matilda Raffa, daughter of Charlie Raffa. He is the older brother of ABC News journalist Chris Cuomo.
Cuomo graduated from Saint Gerard's School in 1971 and Archbishop Molloy High School in 1975. He received his B.A. from Fordham University in 1979, and his J.D. from Albany Law School in 1982. A member of the Democratic Party, Cuomo was a top aide to his father during his 1982 campaign for Governor. He then joined the Governor's staff as one of his father's top policy advisors, earning $1 a year.
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Arne Duncan
Arne Duncan (born November 6, 1964) is an American education administrator and currently United States Secretary of Education. Duncan previously served as CEO of the Chicago Public Schools.
Duncan was raised in Hyde Park, a Chicago neighborhood encompassing the University of Chicago. He is the son of Susan Goodrich (née Morton) and Starkey Davis Duncan, Jr. His father was a psychology professor at the university and his mother runs the Sue Duncan Children's Center, an after-school program primarily serving African-American youth in the nearby Kenwood neighborhood. His ancestry includes Norwegian, Scottish, German, Swedish, and English; his great-great-great-grandfather was U.S. Representative Milo Goodrich. While growing up, Duncan spent much of his free time at his mother's center tutoring or playing with students there. Some of his childhood friends were John W. Rogers, Jr., CEO of Ariel Capital Management (now Ariel Investments) and founder of the Ariel Community Academy, Illinois State Senator Kwame Raoul, actor Michael Clarke Duncan, singer R. Kelly and award winning martial artist Michelle Gordon.[citation needed]
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Ashton Carter
Ashton Baldwin Carter (born September 14, 1954) is a United States national security professional serving as the United States Deputy Secretary of Defense. Prior to that, He served as Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics (AT&L) for President Barack Obama. He is currently on leave from his post as Co-Director (with former Secretary of Defense William J. Perry) of the Preventive Defense Project, a research collaboration of Harvard and Stanford universities. He is also on leave from the International Relations, Security, and Science faculty at Harvard's John F. Kennedy School of Government. He is a member of the guiding coalition of the Project on National Security Reform. On August 2, 2011, President Obama nominated Carter to be the new Deputy Secretary of Defense, and on September 23, 2011 the United States Senate confirmed him by unanimous consent. He assumed his office as Deputy Secretary of Defense on October 6, 2011.
Carter served as Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Policy in the Clinton Administration from 1993 to 1996. He was nominated to his current post on March 18, 2009. Dr Carter served as a member of the Defense Science Board from 1991–1993 and 1997–2001, the Defense Policy Board from 1997–2001, and Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice's International Security Advisory Board from 2006-2008. In 1997, Dr. Carter co-chaired the Catastrophic Terrorism Study Group with former CIA Director John M. Deutch, which urged greater attention to terrorism. From 1998 to 2000, he was deputy to William J. Perry in the North Korea Policy Review and traveled with him to Pyongyang. In 2001-2002, he served on the National Academy of Sciences Committee on Science and Technology for Countering Terrorism and advised on the creation of the Department of Homeland Security.
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Austan Goolsbee
Austan Dean Goolsbee (born August 18, 1969) is an American economist and the Robert P. Gwinn Professor of Economics at The University of Chicago's Booth School of Business. Goolsbee formerly served as the Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers and was the youngest member of the cabinet of President Barack Obama.
Goolsbee served on the three-member Council from the start of the Obama Administration. He advised President Obama during his 2004 U.S. Senate race and was senior economic policy adviser during the 2008 Obama Presidential Campaign. He took over in September 2010 as the Council's Chairman, replacing Christina Romer, who had left to return to a teaching position at the University of California at Berkeley. On June 6, 2011, he announced that he was departing the administration and returning to the University of Chicago.
Goolsbee was born in Waco, Texas, the son of Linda Catherine (née Dean) and Arthur Leon Goolsbee. He was raised primarily in Whittier, California.
He graduated from Milton Academy and received both his B.A. summa cum laude and M.A. in economics from Yale University in 1991 and went on to receive his Ph.D. in economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1995. He was an Alfred P. Sloan Fellow (2000–02) and Fulbright Scholar (2006–07).
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Aída Álvarez
Aída M. Álvarez (born 1950) is the first Hispanic woman and Puerto Rican to hold a United States Cabinet-level position.
Alvarez was born in Aguadilla, Puerto Rico into a family of modest economical means, who despite their hardships always encouraged her to pursue her dreams. After she received her primary education in Puerto Rico, her family moved to New York City in hopes of improving their economic situation. In New York, she attended high school and participated in a program called "ASPIRA". "ASPIRA" was founded by Dr. Antonia Pantoja and has helped disadvantaged children, especially girls, gain the leadership skills and knowledge required to go to college.
Álvarez applied and was accepted at Harvard University where in 1971 she earned her Bachelors of Arts degree grauduating Cum Laude. During her student years many people provided her with support.
Álvarez began her career as a journalist for the New York Post and won a "Front Page Award". She later became a news reporter and anchor for Metromedia Television (Channel Five) also in New York. In 1982, she won an Associated Press Award for Excellence and she was nominated for an Emmy Award for her reporting of guerilla activities in El Salvador.
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Barack Obama
Barack Hussein Obama II (i/bəˈrɑːk huːˈseɪn oʊˈbɑːmə/; born August 4, 1961) is the 44th and current President of the United States. He is the first African American to hold the office. In January 2005, Obama was sworn in as a U.S. Senator in the state of Illinois. He would hold this office until November 2008, when he resigned following his victory in the 2008 presidential election.
Born in Honolulu, Hawaii, Obama is a graduate of Columbia University and Harvard Law School, where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. He was a community organizer in Chicago before earning his law degree. He worked as a civil rights attorney in Chicago and taught constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School from 1992 to 2004. He served three terms representing the 13th District in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004.
Following an unsuccessful bid against the Democratic incumbent for a seat in the United States House of Representatives in 2000, Obama ran for the United States Senate in 2004. Several events brought him to national attention during the campaign, including his victory in the March 2004 Illinois Democratic primary for the Senate election and his keynote address at the Democratic National Convention in July 2004. He won election to the U.S. Senate in Illinois in November 2004. His presidential campaign began in February 2007, and after a close campaign in the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries against Hillary Rodham Clinton, he won his party's nomination. In the 2008 presidential election, he defeated Republican nominee John McCain, and was inaugurated as president on January 20, 2009. Nine months later, Obama was named the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureate. In April 2011, he announced that he would be running for re-election in 2012.
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Barry McCaffrey
Barry Richard McCaffrey (born November 17, 1942) is a retired United States Army general, news commentator, and business consultant.
He is currently an Adjunct Professor at the United States Military Academy, where he was the Bradley Professor of International Security Studies from 2001 to 2005. He is also an NBC and MSNBC military analyst as well as president of his own consulting firm, BR McCaffrey Associates. [1]
McCaffrey attended Phillips Academy, Andover. He is a graduate of the U.S. Military Academy (Class of 1964), and earned an M.A. in Civil Government from the American University in 1970. He also attended the National Security and Executive Education programs at Harvard University. His postgraduate military education includes the National Defense University, the United States Army War College, the Command and General Staff College, and the Defense Language Institute's program in Vietnamese.
Following his graduation from West Point in 1964, McCaffrey was commissioned into the infantry.
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Bert Lance
Thomas Bertram (Bert) Lance (born June 3, 1931) is an American businessman, who was Director of the Office of Management and Budget under President Jimmy Carter. He is known mainly for his resignation from President Jimmy Carter's administration due to scandal in 1977.
Lance was born in Gainesville, Georgia and has lived in Gordon County (Calhoun), Georgia. His father, Thomas Jackson Lance, had served as president of Young Harris College. In 1941, the family relocated to Calhoun in Gordon County when Lance's father became superintendent of the Calhoun schools. Lance graduated from the University of Georgia in 1951 and was also initiated into the Sigma Chi fraternity at the Delta Chapter. He later did graduate studies at LSU in Baton Rouge, and at Rutgers. While attending college he married LaBelle David, whose family owned the Calhoun First National Bank. After graduation, Lance became employed by the bank as a clerk and within a decade became its president. He later served as president of National Bank of Georgia in Atlanta from 1975 to 1977.
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Bill Clinton
William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III; August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. Inaugurated at age 46, he was the third-youngest president. He took office at the end of the Cold War, and was the first president of the baby boomer generation. Clinton has been described as a New Democrat. Many of his policies have been attributed to a centrist Third Way philosophy of governance.
Born and raised in Arkansas, Clinton became both a student leader and a skilled musician. He is an alumnus of Georgetown University where he was Phi Beta Kappa and earned a Rhodes Scholarship to attend the University of Oxford. He is married to Hillary Rodham Clinton, who has served as the United States Secretary of State since 2009 and was a Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009. Both Clintons received law degrees from Yale Law School, where they met and began dating. As Governor of Arkansas, Clinton overhauled the state's education system, and served as Chair of the National Governors Association.
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Bill Richardson
William Blaine "Bill" Richardson III (born November 15, 1947) is an American politician, who served as the 30th Governor of New Mexico from 2003 to 2011. Before being elected governor, Richardson served in the Clinton administration as U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations and Energy Secretary. Richardson has also served as a U.S. Congressman, chairman of the 2004 Democratic National Convention, and chairman of the Democratic Governors Association. On December 3, 2008, then-President-elect Barack Obama designated Richardson for appointment to the cabinet-level position of Commerce Secretary. On January 4, 2009, Richardson announced his decision to withdraw his nomination because of an investigation into possibly improper business dealings in New Mexico. In August 2009, federal prosecutors dropped the pending investigation against the governor, and there was speculation in the media regarding Richardson's career, as his second and final term as New Mexico governor concluded.
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Bruce Babbitt
Bruce Edward Babbitt (born June 27, 1938), a Democrat, served as United States Secretary of the Interior and as the 16th governor of Arizona, from 1978 to 1987.
Born in Flagstaff, Arizona, Babbitt graduated from the University of Notre Dame, and attended Durham University in the United Kingdom on a Marshall Scholarship, and then received his law degree at Harvard Law School.
He married attorney Harriet Coons (known as Hattie) in 1968. Mr. and Mrs. Babbitt have two sons, Christopher and T.J.
Babbitt's brother, Paul Babbitt, was an unsuccessful candidate for the United States House of Representatives in 2004.
Babbitt was elected Attorney General of Arizona, but succeeded Wesley Bolin as governor when Bolin died in office on March 4, 1978. Arizona does not have a lieutenant governor, designating the Arizona Secretary of State as first in line in case the governor vacates his or her post. However, the secretary of state at that time, Rose Mofford, had been appointed rather than elected to her post and thus was not eligible to become governor according to the Arizona state constitution. Babbitt, as attorney general, was next in the line of succession. Babbitt was elected for a full four-year term in 1978, and again in 1982. In all, Babbitt served as governor of Arizona from 1978 to 1987, but did not seek reelection to a third term. In 1983, Babbitt sent the Arizona National Guard to the strike against Phelps Dodge in Morenci, Arizona. With the retirement of Republican Barry Goldwater from the U.S. Senate in 1986, many in Arizona expected Babbitt to oppose Representative John McCain for the seat. In a surprise press conference in 1985, Babbitt instead announced he would forgo the Senate race to concentrate on a White House bid in 1988.
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Cal Dooley
Calvin M. "Cal" Dooley (born January 11, 1954), American politician, was a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from 1991 to 2005, representing the 17th and 20th districts of California.
Born in Visalia, California, he grew up on his parents' farm several miles east of Hanford and graduated from Hanford Union High School in 1972. Dooley earned his bachelor's degree in agricultural economics from the University of California, Davis in 1977 and a master's degree in Management from Stanford University in 1987. Dooley worked as a rancher and then as an administrative assistant for California State Senator Rose Ann Vuich from 1987 to 1990.
In mid-1990, Dooley won the Democratic primary for what was then the 17th District and faced six-term Republican Chip Pashayan in November. Although Pashayan had been reelected with 71 percent of the vote in 1988, he was bogged down by the House banking scandal, and Dooley defeated him by just over 9 points. In 1992, his district was renumbered as the 20th District and drawn as a Latino-majority district. He was easily reelected that year and five more times after that. He faced only one truly serious contest, when Republican Rich Rodriguez managed to hold him to 53 percent of the vote. A "New Democrat," his voting record was considered moderate, as is typical for Democrats from the Central Valley.
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Carol Browner
Carol Martha Browner (born December 16, 1955) is an American lawyer, environmentalist, and businesswoman, who served as director of the White House Office of Energy and Climate Change Policy in the Obama administration from 2009 to 2011. Browner previously served as Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency during the Clinton administration from 1993 to 2001.
Browner grew up in Florida and graduated from the University of Florida and the University of Florida College of Law. After working for the Florida House of Representatives, she was employed by Citizen Action in Washington, D.C. She became a legislative assistant for Senators Lawton Chiles and Al Gore. Browner then headed the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation from 1991 to 1993, where she turned it into one of the most active departments in the state government.
She was the longest-serving administrator in the history of the EPA, staying through both terms of the Clinton presidency. During her tenure, she reorganized the agency's enforcement structure and oversaw two new programs designed to create flexible partnerships with industry as an alternative to traditional regulation. She started a successful program to deal with contaminated lands in urban areas. She took the lead within the administration in defending existing environmental laws and budgets, and was the driving force behind a stringent tightening of air quality standards that led to a prolonged political and legal battle.
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Caspar Weinberger
Caspar Willard "Cap" Weinberger (August 18, 1917 – March 28, 2006), was an American politician and businessman. He served in a variety of prominent state and federal positions for three decades, most prominently as Secretary of Defense under President Ronald Reagan from 1981 to 1987.
Born in San Francisco, California, Weinberger served in the 41st Infantry Division in the Pacific theater of World War II. His entry into politics was as a California State Assemblyman from 1953 to 1959, and he would go on to serve as Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission and Director of the Office of Management and Budget under Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford. An accomplished private sector businessman, he later became vice president and general counsel of Bechtel Corporation, and still later Chairman of Forbes.
His tenure as Secretary of Defense is the third longest in U.S. history, and spanned the final years of the Cold War. He is also known for his key role in the administration's Strategic Defense Initiative and later indictments in the Iran-Contra affair. He was awarded both the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1987 and an honorary British knighthood from Queen Elizabeth II.
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Charlene Barshefsky
Charlene Barshefsky (born August 11, 1950) served as United States Trade Representative, the country's top trade negotiator, from 1997 to 2001. Prior to that, she was the Deputy USTR from 1993 to 1997.
Barshefsky attended the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where she obtained a B.A., double majoring in English & Political Science. She earned her law degree (J.D.) from The Catholic University of America.
Barshefsky was nominated by President Clinton to serve with Rufus Yerxa and Richard W. Fisher as Deputy U.S. Trade Representatives. In 1999, as U.S. Trade Representative, she was the primary negotiator with China's Zhu Rongji, laying out the terms for China's eventual entry into the World Trade Organization.
Barshefsky was a partner and co-chair of the International Practice Group at the law firm of Steptoe & Johnson. She is currently (as of 2007[update]) a partner at the Washington, D.C. law firm of Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr. She has written and lectured extensively on both U.S. and foreign trade laws and public procurement regimes. In addition to her law practice, Ambassador Barshefsky serves on the board of directors of Intel, American Express, Starwood Hotels and Resorts, The Estee Lauder Companies, and The Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
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Charles Erwin Wilson
Charles Erwin Wilson (July 18, 1890 – September 26, 1961), American businessman and politician, was United States Secretary of Defense from 1953 to 1957 under President Eisenhower. Known as "Engine Charlie", he previously worked as CEO for General Motors. In the wake of the Korean War, he cut the defense budget significantly.
Wilson was born in Minerva, Ohio. After earning a degree in electrical engineering from the Carnegie Institute of Technology in 1909, he joined the Westinghouse Electric Company in Pittsburgh, where eventually he supervised the engineering of automobile electrical equipment, and during World War I, the development of dynamotors and radio generators for the Army and Navy.
In 1919 Wilson moved to Remy Electric, a General Motors subsidiary, as chief engineer and sales manager. By January 1941 he was the president of General Motors. During World War II, Wilson directed the company's huge defense production effort, which earned him a U.S. Medal of Merit in 1946. He was still head of General Motors when President Eisenhower selected him as Secretary of Defense in January 1953.
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Charles Schultze
Charles L. Schultze (born December 12, 1924) is a United States economist and public policy analyst. He served as chairman of the United States Council of Economic Advisers during the Carter Administration. In the 1960s Schultze was appointed assistant director of the U.S. Bureau of the Budget by President John F. Kennedy in 1962 and was director from 1965-67 during President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society agenda.
Schultze, a native of Alexandria, Virginia, graduated from Gonzaga College High School and then received his bachelor's (1948) and master's (1950) degrees in economics from Georgetown University and was awarded a Ph. D in economics from the University of Maryland in 1960. He was an assistant professor of economics at Indiana University from 1959-1962.
He has authored or co-authored dozens of books and articles on economics. Most recently, he co-edited a book with Henry J. Aaron titled Setting Domestic Priorities: What Can Government Do? He also completed a study entitled, Memos to the President: A Guide through Macroeconomics for the Busy Policymaker (Brookings, 1992). Among his better known works, several of which have been written in cooperation with other Brookings scholars, are: An American Trade Strategy: Options for the 1990s, co-edited with Brookings Senior Fellow Robert Z. Lawrence (Brookings, 1990); American Living Standards: Threats and Challenges, co-edited with Robert Z. Lawrence and Robert E. Litan (Brookings, 1988); Barriers to European Growth: A Transatlantic View, with Robert Z. Lawrence (Brookings, 1987); Economic Choices 1987 (Brookings, 1986); and Other Times, Other Places (Brookings, 1986).
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Christina Romer
Christina D. Romer (née Duckworth; born December 25, 1958) is the Class of 1957 Garff B. Wilson Professor of Economics at the University of California, Berkeley and a former Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers in the Obama administration. She resigned from her role on the Council of Economic Advisers on September 3, 2010.
After her nomination and before the Obama administration took office, Romer worked with economist Jared Bernstein to co-author the administration's plan for recovery from the 2008 recession. In a January 2009 video presentation, she discussed details of the job-creation package that the Obama administration submitted to Congress.
Romer was born in Alton, Illinois. She graduated from Glen Oak High School in Canton, Ohio, in June 1977. She obtained her bachelor's degree in economics from The College of William & Mary in 1981, and her Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1985. Upon completion of her doctorate, she started working as an assistant professor at Princeton University. In 1988 she moved to the University of California, Berkeley and was promoted to full professor in 1993.
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Chuck Robb
Charles Spittal "Chuck" Robb (born June 26, 1939) is an American politician. He served as the 64th Governor of Virginia from 1982 to 1986, and as a United States senator from 1989 until 2001. In 2004, he chaired the Iraq Intelligence Commission.
Charles Robb was born in Phoenix, Arizona, and grew up in the Mount Vernon area of Alexandria, Virginia. He earned a B.A. from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1961, where he was a member of the Chi Phi Fraternity.
A United States Marine Corps veteran and honor graduate of Quantico, Robb became a White House social aide. It was there that he met and eventually married Lynda Johnson, the daughter of then U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson. Robb went on to serve two tours of duty in Vietnam, where he commanded a rifle company in combat, and was awarded the Bronze Star. After the war he earned a J.D. at the University of Virginia Law School in 1973, and following a clerkship with a federal appeals judge entered private practice.
In 1977, Robb won election as a Democrat for the lieutenant governorship of Virginia. He served as lieutenant governor from 1978 to 1982 and as governor from 1982 to 1986. In the 1977 election, Robb was the only of three Democrats running for statewide office to win that year, leaving him as the sole head of a political party that had not won a governor's race in a dozen years. Four years later in 1981, Robb led all three Democrats into office by appealing to conservatives who were disenchanted with his opponent's maverick style. Virginia Democrats again won all three statewide offices in 1985, which was viewed as an endorsement of Robb's leadership while in office. As a campaigner, Robb was capable but reserved. During a time when political communication styles were beginning to favor sound bites, Robb was known for speaking in paragraphs about complex policy issues. He was also noteworthy among his contemporaries for raising substantial sums of campaign funds.
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Clark Clifford
Clark McAdams Clifford (December 25, 1906 – October 10, 1998) was an American lawyer who served United States Presidents Harry S. Truman, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson and Jimmy Carter, serving as United States Secretary of Defense for Johnson.
In his later years, Clifford became involved in several controversies. He was a key figure in the Bank of Credit and Commerce International scandal, which led to a grand jury indictment. He also referred to President Ronald Reagan as an "amiable dunce" at a Washington dinner party.
Clifford was born in Fort Scott, Kansas. He attended college and law school at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, and built a solid reputation practicing law in St. Louis between 1928 and 1943.
He served as an officer in the U.S. Navy from 1944 to 1946, reaching the rank of Captain and serving as assistant naval aide and then naval aide to President Truman, for whom he became a trusted personal adviser and friend.
Clifford went to Washington, D.C., first to serve as Assistant to the President's Naval Advisor, after the naming of a personal friend from Missouri as the President's Naval Advisor. Following his discharge from the Navy, he remained at Truman's side as White House Counsel from 1946 to 1950, as Truman came rapidly to trust and rely upon Clifford.
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Dan Glickman
Daniel Robert "Dan" Glickman (born November 24, 1944) is an American businessman and politician. He served as the United States Secretary of Agriculture from 1995 until 2001, prior to which he represented the Fourth Congressional District of Kansas as a Democrat in Congress for 18 years. He was Chairman and CEO of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) from 2004–2010. He serves as a Senior Fellow at the Bipartisan Policy Center, where he focuses on public health, national security, and economic policy issues. He also co-chairs BPC's Democracy Project and co-leads the center's Nutrition and Physical Activity Initiative.
He also serves on the board of directors of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange,MAZON: A Jewish Response to Hunger and the board of Friends of the World Food Program. He also serves on the Council on American Politics, which brings leaders from the forefront of today's political and communications arena together to address issues facing the growth and enrichment of GW’s Graduate School of Political Management where he also teaches courses.
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David Ignatius
David R. Ignatius (May 26, 1950), is an American journalist and novelist. He is an associate editor and columnist for The Washington Post. He also co-hosts PostGlobal, an online discussion of international issues at Washingtonpost.com, with Newsweek 's Fareed Zakaria. He has written eight novels, including Body of Lies, which director Ridley Scott adapted into a film. He has received numerous honors, including the Legion of Honor from the French Republic, the Urbino World Press Award from the Italian Republic, and a lifetime achievement award from the International Committee for Foreign Journalism.
Ignatius was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts. His parents are Nancy Sharpless (née Weiser) and Paul Robert Ignatius, a former Secretary of the Navy (1967–69), president of The Washington Post, and former president of the Air Transport Association. He is of Armenian descent on his father's side, with ancestors from Harput, Elazığ, Turkey; his mother, a descendant of Puritan minister Cotton Mather, is of German and English descent.
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David Petraeus
David Howell Petraeus (pronunciation: /pɨˈtreɪ.əs/; born November 7, 1952) is the current Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. He was sworn in on September 6, 2011. Prior to his assuming the directorship of the CIA, Petraeus was a four-star general serving over 37 years in the United States Army. His last assignments in the Army were as commander of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) and Commander, U.S. Forces Afghanistan (USFOR-A) from July 4, 2010 to July 18, 2011. His other four-star assignments include serving as the 10th Commander, U.S. Central Command (USCENTCOM) from October 13, 2008, to June 30, 2010, and as Commanding General, Multi-National Force - Iraq (MNF-I) from February 10, 2007, to September 16, 2008. As commander of MNF-I, Petraeus oversaw all coalition forces in Iraq.
Petraeus has a B.S. degree from the United States Military Academy from which he graduated in 1974 as a distinguished cadet (top 5% of his class). He was the General George C. Marshall Award winner as the top graduate of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College class of 1983. He subsequently earned an M.P.A. in 1985 and a Ph.D. degree in International Relations in 1987 from the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University. He later served as Assistant Professor of International Relations at the United States Military Academy and also completed a fellowship at Georgetown University.
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David Stockman
David Alan Stockman (born November 10, 1946) is a former U.S. politician and businessman, serving as a Republican U.S. Representative from the state of Michigan (1977–1981) and as the Director of the Office of Management and Budget (1981–1985).
Stockman was born in Fort Hood, Texas, the son Allen Stockman, a fruit farmer, and Carol (née Bartz). He is of German descent and his family's surname was originally "Stockmann". He was raised in a conservative family and his maternal grandfather, William Bartz, was a Republican county treasurer for 30 years. Stockman was educated at public schools in Stevensville, Michigan. He graduated from Lakeshore High School during 1964 and received a B.A. from Michigan State University, East Lansing, during 1968. He performed graduate studies at Harvard University, 1968–1970 and 1974–1975. He attended Harvard Divinity School.
He served as special assistant to United States Representative and 1980 Presidential candidate John Anderson of Illinois, 1970–1972, and was executive director, United States House of Representatives Republican Conference, 1972–1975.
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Dianne Feinstein
Dianne Goldman Berman Feinstein ( /ˈfaɪnstaɪn/; born June 22, 1933) is the senior United States Senator from California. A member of the Democratic Party, she has served in the Senate since 1992. She also served as 38th Mayor of San Francisco from 1978 to 1988.
Born in San Francisco, Feinstein graduated from Stanford University. In the 1960s she worked in city government, and in 1970 she was elected to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors. She served as the board's first female president in 1978, during which time the assassinations of Mayor George Moscone and City Supervisor Harvey Milk drew national attention to the city. Feinstein, who was the first to discover the shootings, succeeded Moscone as mayor. During her tenure as San Francisco's first female mayor she took a politically moderate stance, leading a revamp of the city's cable car system and overseeing the 1984 Democratic National Convention.
After a failed gubernatorial campaign in 1990, she won a 1992 special election to the U.S. Senate. Feinstein was first elected on the same ballot as her peer Barbara Boxer, and the two became California's first female U.S. Senators. Feinstein formerly chaired the Senate Rules Committee (2007–2009) and has chaired the Select Committee on Intelligence since 2009. She is also the first woman to have presided over a U.S. presidential inauguration.
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Dick Cheney
Richard Bruce "Dick" Cheney (born January 30, 1941) served as the 46th Vice President of the United States (2001–2009), under George W. Bush.
Born in Lincoln, Nebraska, Cheney was primarily raised in Sumner, Nebraska, and Casper, Wyoming. He began his political career as an intern for Congressman William A. Steiger, eventually working his way into the White House during the Nixon and Ford administrations, where he served the latter as White House Chief of Staff. In 1978, Cheney was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives from Wyoming; he was reelected five times, eventually becoming House Minority Whip. Cheney was selected to be the Secretary of Defense during the presidency of George H. W. Bush, holding the position for the majority of Bush's term. During this time, Cheney oversaw the 1991 Operation Desert Storm, among other actions.
Out of office during the Clinton presidency, Cheney was chairman and CEO of Halliburton Company from 1995 to 2000.
Cheney was born in Lincoln, Nebraska, the son of Marjorie Lorraine (née Dickey) and Richard Herbert Cheney. He is of predominantly English, as well as Welsh, Irish, and French Huguenot, ancestry; Cheney's 8th great-grandfather, William Cheney, immigrated from England to Massachusetts in the 17th century. Although not a direct descendant, he is collaterally related to Benjamin Pierce Cheney (1815–1895), the early American expressman. Cheney is a very distant cousin of both Harry S. Truman and Barack Obama; the three share a common ancestor in Mareen Duvall, a Huguenot who fled from France to England in the 17th century and later settled in Maryland. His father was a soil conservation agent for the U.S. Department of Agriculture and his mother was a softball star in the 1930s; Cheney was one of three children.
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Don Edwards
William Donlon Edwards (born January 6, 1915) is an American politician of the Democratic Party, formerly a member of the United States House of Representatives from California.
Born in San Jose, California, he attended the public schools in the city, graduating from San Jose High Academy, before earning a B.A. from Stanford University in 1936, where he was member of the Stanford golf team. Edwards then attended Stanford Law School and was admitted to the bar in 1940. Edwards was a special agent for the Federal Bureau of Investigation from 1940 to 1941, when he joined the United States Navy as a naval intelligence and gunnery officer during World War II. He was the president of Valley Title Company of Santa Clara County from 1951 to 1975, and a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions of 1964 and 1968.
Edwards was elected as a Democrat to the 88th from the 10th Congressional District (later redistricted to the 16th Congressional District) and to the fifteen succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1963–January 3, 1995). He was one of the managers appointed by the House of Representatives in 1988 to conduct the impeachment proceedings against Alcee Hastings, judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida, and again in 1989 to conduct the impeachment proceedings against Walter Nixon, judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi. Edwards was the chairman of the House Subcommittee on Civil Liberties and Civil Rights for 23 years. He was not a candidate for reelection to the 104th Congress.
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Donald Regan
Donald Thomas Regan (December 21, 1918 – June 10, 2003) was the 66th United States Secretary of the Treasury, from 1981 to 1985, and Chief of Staff from 1985 to 1987 in the Ronald Reagan Administration, where he advocated "Reaganomics" and tax cuts to create jobs and stimulate production.
Born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the son of Kathleen (née Ahearn) and William Francis Regan, he was of Irish Catholic origins. Regan earned his bachelor's degree in English from Harvard University in 1940 and attended Harvard Law School before dropping out to join the United States Marine Corps at the outset of World War II. He reached the rank of lieutenant colonel while serving in the Pacific theater, and was involved in five major campaigns including Guadalcanal and Okinawa.
After the War, he joined Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. in 1946, as an account executive trainee, working up through the ranks, eventually taking over as Merrill Lynch's chairman and CEO in 1971, the year the company went public. He held those positions until 1980.
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Donald Rumsfeld
Donald Henry Rumsfeld (born July 9, 1932) is an American politician and businessman. Rumsfeld served as the 13th Secretary of Defense from 1975 to 1977 under President Gerald Ford, and as the 21st Secretary of Defense from 2001 to 2006 under President George W. Bush. He is both the youngest and the oldest person to have served as Secretary of Defense. Additionally, Rumsfeld was a four-term U.S. Congressman from Illinois (1962–1969), Director of the Office of Economic Opportunity (1969–1970), Counsellor to the President (1969–1973), the United States Permanent Representative to NATO (1973–1974), and White House Chief of Staff (1974–1975).
Born in Illinois, Rumsfeld attended Princeton University, graduating in 1954 with a degree in political science. After serving in the Navy for three years, he mounted a campaign for Congress in Illinois' 13th Congressional District, winning in 1962 at the age of 30. Reelected four times, he was a leading co-sponsor of the Freedom of Information Act. Rumsfeld was reluctantly appointed by President Richard Nixon to head the Office of Economic Opportunity in 1969; appointed Counselor by Nixon and entitled to Cabinet-level status, he would also head up the Economic Stabilization Program before being appointed Ambassador to NATO. Called back to Washington in August 1974, Rumsfeld was appointed Chief of Staff by President Ford, recruiting a young one-time staffer of his, Dick Cheney, to succeed him when Ford nominated Rumsfeld Secretary of Defense in 1975.
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Donna Shalala
Donna Edna Shalala ( /ʃəˈleɪlə/ shə-LAY-lə; born February 14, 1941) served for eight years as Secretary of Health and Human Services under President Bill Clinton and has been president of the University of Miami, a private university in Coral Gables, Florida, since 2001. She was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor, by President George W. Bush in June 2008.
Shalala was born in Cleveland, Ohio to Maronite Catholic Lebanese immigrant parents and has a twin sister, Diane Fritel. She graduated from West Tech High School and received her bachelor's degree in 1962 from Western College for Women (which, in 1976, was merged with Miami University in Oxford, Ohio). She is 4'1" tall.
She served as a Peace Corps volunteer in Iran from 1962–64, where she worked with other volunteers to construct an agricultural college.
She received a Master's and then, in 1970, a Doctorate degree from the Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs at Syracuse University in Syracuse, New York.
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Edwin Meese
Edwin "Ed" Meese, III (born December 2, 1931) is an attorney, law professor, and author who served in official capacities within the Ronald Reagan Gubernatorial Administration (1967–1974), the Reagan Presidential Transition Team (1980), and the Reagan White House (1981–1985), eventually rising to hold the position of the 75th Attorney General of the United States (1985–1988). He currently holds fellowships and chairmanships with several public policy councils and think tanks, including the Constitution Project and The Heritage Foundation. He is also a Distinguished Visiting Fellow with the Hoover Institution at Stanford University
Meese was born in Oakland, California, and is the eldest of four sons born to Leone (née Feldman) and Edwin Meese, Jr. He was raised in a practicing Lutheran family of German descent. His father was an Oakland city government official, president of the Zion Lutheran Church, and served 24 years in the non-partisan office of Treasurer of Alameda County.
At age 10, Meese published along with his brothers a mimeographed neighborhood newspaper, the Weekly Herald, and used the proceeds to buy a War Bond. The young Meese also rode a bicycle on a paper route and worked in a drugstore. At Oakland High School, Meese was involved in the Junior State of America and led his high school debate team to statewide championships and was recognized as valedictorian, class of 1949. Two weeks prior to graduation, he was accepted to Yale University and granted a scholarship. Meese served as president of the Yale Political Union, chairman of the Conservative Party, and chairman of the Yale Debating Association. Meese made the dean's list, and graduated with a bachelor of arts of political science in 1953.
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Elliot Richardson
Elliot Lee Richardson (July 20, 1920 – December 31, 1999) was an American lawyer and politician who was a member of the cabinet of Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford. As U.S. Attorney General, he was a prominent figure in the Watergate Scandal, and resigned rather than refuse President Nixon's order to fire special prosecutor Archibald Cox.
Richardson is the only individual to serve in four Cabinet-level positions within the United States government: Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare from 1970 to 1973, Secretary of Defense from January to May 1973, Attorney General from May 24 to October 1973, and Secretary of Commerce from 1976 to 1977.
Richardson was born in Boston, Massachusetts, the son of Clara Lee (née Shattuck) and Edward Peirson Richardson, a doctor and professor at Harvard Medical School. He attended the Park School in Brookline, Massachusetts, and then obtained his undergraduate degree from Harvard University, where he resided in Winthrop House, graduated cum laude in 1941, and was an editor of the Harvard Lampoon.
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Eric Holder
Eric Himpton Holder, Jr. (born January 21, 1951) is the 82nd and current Attorney General of the United States and the first black American to hold the position, serving under President Barack Obama.
Holder previously served as a judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia and a United States Attorney. In that office he prosecuted Congressman Dan Rostenkowski (Democrat, Illinois) for corruption charges related to his role in the Congressional Post Office scandal. Later, he was Deputy Attorney General of the United States and worked at the law firm of Covington & Burling in Washington, D.C. He was senior legal advisor to then-Senator Barack Obama during Obama's presidential campaign and one of three members of Obama's vice-presidential selection committee.
Eric Himpton Holder, Jr. was born in the Bronx, New York, to parents with roots in Barbados.[dead link] Holder's father, Eric Himpton Holder, Sr. (1905–1970) was born in Saint Joseph, Barbados and arrived in the United States at the age of 11. He later became a real estate broker. His mother, Miriam, was born in New Jersey, while his maternal grandparents were immigrants from Saint Philip, Barbados. Holder grew up in East Elmhurst, Queens, and attended public school until the age of 10. When entering the 4th grade he was selected to participate in a program for intellectually gifted students. In 1969, he graduated from Stuyvesant High School in Manhattan and attended Columbia University, where he played freshman basketball and was co-captain of his team. He earned a A.B. degree in American history in 1973. Holder received his Juris Doctor from Columbia Law School, graduating in 1976. He worked for the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund during his first summer and the United States Attorney during his second summer.
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Eric Shinseki
Eric Ken "Rick" Shinseki (/ʃɨnˈsɛki/; born November 28, 1942) is a retired United States Army four-star general who is currently serving as the 7th United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs. His final U.S. Army post was as the 34th Chief of Staff of the Army (1999–2003). He is a veteran of combat in Vietnam, where he sustained a foot injury.
Shinseki was born in Lihue, Kauai in the then Territory of Hawaii, to an American family of Japanese ancestry. His grandparents immigrated from Hiroshima to Hawaii in 1901. He grew up in a sugar plantation community on Kaua'i and graduated from Kaua'i High and Intermediate School in 1960. After high school, he attended the United States Military Academy and graduated in 1965 with a Bachelor of Science degree and a commission as a second lieutenant. He earned a Master of Arts degree in English Literature from Duke University. He was also educated at the Armor Officer Advanced Course, the United States Army Command and General Staff College, and the National War College.
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Erskine Bowles
Erskine Boyce Bowles (pronounced /ˈɜrskən ˈboʊlz/; born August 8, 1945) is an American businessman and political figure from North Carolina. He served from 2005 to 2010 as the President of the University of North Carolina system. In 1997–98 he served as White House Chief of Staff and he also ran unsuccessfully for a North Carolina United States Senate seat in 2002 and 2004.
Bowles is best known for his appointment in 2010 as the Democratic co-chair of President Barack Obama's National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform with Alan K. Simpson.
Bowles was born and raised in Greensboro, North Carolina and is the son of Jessamine Woodward Boyce Bowles and the late Hargrove "Skipper" Bowles, Jr., a Democratic politician who once ran for Governor of North Carolina, in 1972, but lost. Siblings include Hargrove Bowles III, Mary Holland Bowles Blanton and the late Martha Thomas Bowles. Bowles graduated from Virginia Episcopal School before attending college. Bowles attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where he was admitted to the Zeta Psi fraternity and graduated with a business degree. After briefly serving in the United States Coast Guard, Bowles then enrolled in Columbia Business School, where he earned an MBA.
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Federico Peña
Federico Fabian Peña (born March 15, 1947) is a former United States Secretary of Transportation from 1993 to 1997 and United States Secretary of Energy from 1997 to 1998, during the presidency of Bill Clinton.
Born in Laredo, Texas, Peña earned a B.A. (1969) and a J.D. (1972) from the University of Texas at Austin and The University of Texas School of Law, respectively. Moving to Colorado, where he became a practicing attorney, Peña was elected to the Colorado House of Representatives as a Democrat in 1979, where he rose to become Minority Leader. In 1983, Peña defeated a 14-year incumbent, William H. McNichols, Jr. to become the first Hispanic Mayor of Denver, a post to which he was re-elected in 1987.
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Frank Carlucci
Frank Charles Carlucci III (born October 18, 1930) served as the United States Secretary of Defense from 1987 to 1989 in administration of President Ronald Reagan. Prior to that, Carlucci served in a variety of senior-level governmental positions, including Director of the Office of Economic Opportunity in the Richard Nixon administration, Deputy Director of the CIA in the Jimmy Carter administration, and Deputy Secretary of Defense and National Security Adviser in the Reagan administration.
Carlucci was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania, the son of Roxanne (née Bacon) and Frank Charles Carlucci, Jr., an insurance broker. His father was of Italian and Swiss descent. He graduated from Wyoming Seminary in 1948 and Princeton University in 1952, where he roomed with Donald Rumsfeld, and attended Harvard Business School for an MBA in 1954-55. He was a Naval officer from 1952-54. He joined the Foreign Service, working for the State Department from 1956 until 1969. In 1961 he participated in a CIA mission to Congo, in which he helped to rescue US citizens from mobs.
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Frank Kendall III
Frank Kendall III (born January 26, 1949) is an American lawyer serving under President Barack Obama and Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta as Acting Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics.
Kendall is a graduate of the United States Military Academy at West Point. He also holds a Master's degree in aeronautical engineering from California Institute of Technology, a Master of Business Administration degree (MBA) from C.W Post Center of Long Island University and a Juris Doctor from Georgetown University Law Center. At the USMA, Kendall was a classmate of Jack Reed, who is currently serving as senior United States Senator from Rhode Island.
In his civilian life Kendall has performed pro bono human rights work. According to his official DoD biography he served on the board of directors of Amnesty International, of Human Rights First and of the Tahirih Justice Center. He has traveled to the Guantanamo Bay detention camps, as a human rights observer.
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Frank Pace
Frank Pace, Jr. (July 5, 1912 - January 8, 1988) was a the 3rd United States Secretary of the Army and business executive.
Pace was born in Little Rock, Arkansas, and attended The Hill School, Pottstown, Pennsylvania. In 1933 he graduated from Princeton University, and in 1936 from Harvard University.
Pace entered public service in 1936 as an assistant district attorney in Arkansas. He moved onto the Arkansas Revenue Department in 1938. In 1942 he was commissioned into the United States Army Air Forces as a second lieutenant where he served until 1945 in the Air Transport Command, Army Air Corps, reaching the rank of Major.
After leaving the Army in 1945 he returned to public service as an assistant to the United States Attorney General, then later as executive assistant to the Postmaster General. He then moved in 1948 to the Bureau of the Budget, first as assistant director and then as director.
On April 12, 1950 he was appointed Secretary of the Army, where he served until January 20, 1953. He went on to serve as chief executive officer of General Dynamics Corporation from 1953 until 1962. He was selected as the administrator-designate of the Emergency Transport Agency; part of a secret group created by President Eisenhower in 1958 that would serve in the event of a national emergency that became known as the Eisenhower Ten.
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Franklin Raines
Franklin Delano "Frank" Raines (born January 14, 1949) is an American business executive. He is the former chairman and chief executive officer of the Federal National Mortgage Association, commonly known as Fannie Mae, who served as White House budget director under President Bill Clinton. His role leading Fannie Mae has come under scrutiny.
Raines was born in Seattle, Washington, the son of a janitor. Raines graduated from Harvard College, Harvard Law School; and Magdalen College, Oxford University as a Rhodes Scholar.
In 1969, Raines first worked in national politics, preparing a report for the Nixon administration on the causes and patterns of youth unrest around the country related to the Vietnam War. He served in the Carter Administration as associate director for economics and government in the Office of Management and Budget and assistant director of the White House Domestic Policy Staff from 1977 to 1979. Then he joined Lazard Freres and Co., where he worked for 11 years and became a general partner. In 1991 he became Fannie's Mae's Vice Chairman, a post he left in 1996 in order to join the Clinton Administration as the Director of the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, where he served until 1998. In 1999, he returned to Fannie Mae as CEO.
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Frederick Lawton
Frederick Joseph Lawton (November 11, 1900 – 1975) was an American bureaucrat who served as the ninth Director of the Bureau of the Budget. Lawton was born in Washington, D.C., and became a lawyer and an accountant. He spent most of his professional career working with the government bureaucracy. He helped President Franklin D. Roosevelt wager with members of Congress to support the Fair Labor Standards Act. He first joined the Office of Management and Budget as an executive assistant in 1935. He also served as an adviser to Congress. In 1947, he became an administrative assistant to President Harry S. Truman. He was appointed to the post of Director of the Bureau of the Budget in 1950, and held the position until 1953. President Dwight D. Eisenhower appointed Lawton to a term on the United States Civil Service Commission after he left the Bureau; he served from 1953 to 1963.
His economic policy consisted of making budget cuts among various departments of the federal government. One of his primary contributions was in helping to re-design the Bureau of Internal Revenue, action which led to the creation of the Internal Revenue Service. Lawton advocated a civil service, rather than a patronage system for tax agents. He opposed a number of plans in Congress, including a fair trade bill and attempts to decentralize the federal offices in Washington, D.C. to other areas of the country.
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Gary Locke
Gary Faye Locke (Traditional Chinese:駱家輝) is an American politician and the current United States Ambassador to China.
Locke was the 21st Governor of Washington, serving from 1997 to 2005. He was the first governor of a state in the Continental United States of Asian descent, and is the only Chinese American ever to serve as a governor. He was then appointed by President Barack Obama as United States Secretary of Commerce which he served as until August 1, 2011, when President Obama appointed Locke Ambassador to China.
Locke was born on January 21, 1950, in Seattle, Washington. A third-generation American with paternal ancestry from Taishan, Guangdong, China, Locke is the second of five children of James Locke, who served as a staff sergeant in the US Fifth Armored Division during World War II, and his wife Julie, who is from Hong Kong, which at that time was a British crown colony. He did not learn to speak English until he was five years old and entered school. Locke spent his early years living with his family in the widely-lauded Yesler Terrace public housing project in Seattle.
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George Marshall
George Catlett Marshall (December 31, 1880 – October 16, 1959) was an American military leader, Chief of Staff of the Army, Secretary of State, and the third Secretary of Defense. Once noted as the "organizer of victory" by Winston Churchill for his leadership of the Allied victory in World War II, Marshall served as the United States Army Chief of Staff during the war and as the chief military adviser to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. As Secretary of State, his name was given to the Marshall Plan, for which he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953.
George Catlett Marshall was born into a middle-class family in Uniontown, Pennsylvania, the son of George Catlett Marshall, Sr. and Laura Emily (Bradford) Marshall. Marshall was a scion of an old Virginia family, as well as a distant relative of former Chief Justice John Marshall. Marshall graduated from the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), where he was initiated into the Kappa Alpha Order, in 1901.
Following graduation from VMI, Marshall was commissioned a Second Lieutenant in the U.S. Army. Until World War I, he was posted to various positions in the US and the Philippines. He served as an infantry platoon leader and company commander in the Phillipines during the Phillipine-American War and several other guerilla uprisings. He was schooled and trained in modern warfare. His pre-war service included a tour at Fort Leavenworth, KS from 1906 to 1910 as both a student and an instructor.
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George Tenet
George John Tenet (born January 5, 1953) was the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) for the United States Central Intelligence Agency, and is Distinguished Professor in the Practice of Diplomacy at Georgetown University.
Tenet held the position as the DCI from July 1997 to July 2004, making him the second-longest-serving director in the agency's history–behind Allen Welsh Dulles–as well as one of the few DCIs to serve under two U.S. presidents of opposing political parties. In February 2008, he became a managing director at the merchant bank Allen & Company.
Tenet was born in Flushing, Queens, New York, the son of Evangelia and John Tenet. His father was born in Albania. His mother was from Epirus. His father worked in a coal-mine in France before arriving in the United States. Tenet was raised in Little Neck, Queens where he and his brother Bill worked as busboys in their family's diner (later renamed Scobee Diner). He attended Public School 94, Louis Pasteur Junior High School 67, and Benjamin N. Cardozo High School (he was a classmate of Ron Jeremy and actor Reginald VelJohnson). Tenet graduated from Georgetown University in 1976 with a Bachelor of Science degree in foreign service and received a Master of International Affairs degree from Columbia University in 1978.
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Giampaolo Di Paola
Admiral Giampaolo di Paola (born August 15, 1944) is an Italian naval officer who has served in the government of Italy as Minister of Defense since November 2011. He was the Italian military's Chief of Staff from March 10, 2004 to February 11, 2008 and became Chairman of the NATO Military Committee in 2008.
Di Paola joined the Italian Navy in 1963 and graduated from the Naval Academy in 1966. In 1967 he attended the Submarine School and underwent fleet training aboard submarines. He served in junior officer appointments in conventional submarines and commanded the submarines Cappellini (1974–75) and Sauro (1980–81).
In 1981 he attended the NATO Defense College in Rome. From 1981 to 1984 Di Paola served as Anti Submarine Warfare and Undersea Warfare Program Officer, Long Term Planning Branch, in the Supreme Allied Command Atlantic in Norfolk, Virginia, United States. In 1984, he assumed command of the frigate Grecale. In 1986, he was appointed to the Navy Staff in Rome as Plans and Programs Branch Chief in the Directorate of Financial Planning. From 1989 to 1990, as a Captain, he commanded the aircraft carrier Garibaldi.
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Hafiz Muhammad Saeed
Hafiz Muhammad Saeed (Urdu: حافظ محمد سعید; born 1950) is the amir of Jama'at-ud-Da'wah, a charity organization that is widely considered to be a cover organization for Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), one of the largest and most active Islamic terrorist organizations in the world, operating mainly from Pakistan.
The organization is banned as a terrorist organization by India, the United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union,Russia and Australia.India considers him one of its most wanted terrorists because of his alleged ties with Lashkar-e-Taiba and its involvement in attacks against India. The United Nations declared Jama'at-ud-Da'wah a terrorist organization in December 2008 and Hafiz Saeed a terrorist as its leader. In April 2012 the United States announced a bounty of $10 million on Hafiz Saeed, for his alleged role in 2008 Mumbai terror attacks.
According to Hafiz Saeed, he has no links with LeT.
In 1950, Hafiz Muhammad Saeed was born in Sargodha, Punjab. His family lost 36 of its members when migrating from Shimla to Lahore during the Partition of India. He is married and his wife's name is Maimoona.
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Hamilton Jordan
William Hamilton McWhorter Jordan (September 21, 1944 – May 20, 2008) was Chief of Staff to President of the United States Jimmy Carter.
Jordan (who pronounced his last name to rhyme with "burden" rather than "warden") was born in Charlotte, North Carolina. He grew up in Albany, Georgia. He attended the University of Georgia in Athens, Georgia and graduated with an A.B. in Political Science in 1967. After being disqualified from military service due to leg problems, he worked as a civilian volunteer in Vietnam during the war there, assisting refugees.
Jordan was a key advisor and strategist for Jimmy Carter during the 1976 presidential campaign and during Carter's administration, serving as White House Chief of Staff in 1979–1980 (Carter, who took office in 1977, had previously not seen the need formally to appoint an aide to such a post). Jordan played a powerful role in the formulation of election strategies and government policies.[citation needed]
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Henry Cisneros
Henry Gabriel Cisneros (born June 11, 1947) is a politician and businessman. A Democrat, Cisneros served as the 10th Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in the administration of President Bill Clinton from 1993 to 1997. As HUD Secretary, Cisneros was credited with initiating the revitalization of many of the nation’s public housing developments and with formulating policies that contributed to achieving the nation’s highest ever homeownership rate.[citation needed] In his role as the President’s chief representative to the nation’s cities, Cisneros personally worked in more than 200 U.S. cities in every one of the 50 states. Cisneros' decision to leave his Secretary position, and not serve a second term with Clinton, was overshadowed by controversy involving payments to his former mistress.
Prior to his cabinet position, Cisneros served four terms as the second Hispanic mayor of a major United States city, (the first being Alfonso Cervantes of St. Louis, Missouri 1965–1973) his hometown of San Antonio, Texas. As mayor, Cisneros rebuilt the city's economic base, recruiting convention business, attracting high tech industries, increasing tourism and creating jobs in San Antonio. Before being elected mayor, he was elected to three terms in the San Antonio city council.
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Herbert Lord
General Herbert Mayhew Lord (December 6, 1859 - June 2, 1930) was director of the United States Bureau of the Budget (now the Office of Management and Budget) from July 1, 1922 to May 31, 1929 during the administrations of presidents Warren G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge, and Herbert Hoover. He was originally from Maine, and he graduated from Colby University in Waterville, Maine in 1884. He worked for newspapers during and after graduation in such locations as Rockland, Maine; Denver, Colorado; and Tennessee. He also served as a Congressional aide, working as the Chief Clerk of the Ways and Means Committee during the passage of the Dingley Tariff Bill, named for Chairman Nelson Dingley.
During the Spanish-American War, he joined the armed services as a Major and Paymaster of Volunteers, and he was commissioned in the Regular Army near the end of the war. During World War I, he managed the finances for the Quartermaster Corps and was eventually promoted to Director of Finance, controlling the approximately $24 billion appropriations for the War Department. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal for his services, and he rose to the rank of Brigadier General before retiring on June 30, 1922, to accept the appointment as Director of the U.S. Bureau of the Budget, succeeding the bureau's first director Charles G. Dawes.
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Hilda Solis
Hilda Lucia Solis (pronounced /sɵˈliːs/; born October 20, 1957) is the 25th United States Secretary of Labor, serving in the Obama administration. She is a member of the Democratic Party and served in the United States House of Representatives from 2001 to 2009, representing the 31st and 32nd congressional districts of California that include East Los Angeles and the San Gabriel Valley.
Solis was raised in La Puente, California by immigrant parents from Nicaragua and Mexico. She gained degrees from the California State Polytechnic University, Pomona (Cal Poly Pomona) and the University of Southern California (USC) and worked for two federal agencies in Washington, D.C. Returning to her native state, she was elected to the Rio Hondo Community College Board of Trustees in 1985, the California State Assembly in 1992, and the California State Senate in 1994. She was the first Hispanic woman to serve in the State Senate, and was reelected there in 1998. She became known for her work toward environmental justice and was the first female recipient of the John F. Kennedy Profile in Courage Award in 2000.
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Howard Baker
Howard Henry Baker, Jr. (born November 15, 1925) is a former Senate Majority Leader, Republican U.S. Senator from Tennessee, White House Chief of Staff, and a former United States Ambassador to Japan.
Known in Washington, D.C. as the "Great Conciliator," Baker is often regarded as one of the most successful senators in terms of brokering compromises, enacting legislation, and maintaining civility. A story is sometimes told of a reporter telling a senior Democratic senator that privately, a plurality of his Democratic colleagues would vote for Baker for President of the United States. The senator is reported to have replied, "You're wrong. He'd win a majority."[citation needed]
Baker was born in Huntsville, in Scott County, Tennessee, the son of Dora Ann (née Ladd) and Howard H. Baker, Sr. His father served as a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from 1951 until 1964, representing a traditionally Republican district in East Tennessee. Baker attended The McCallie School in Chattanooga, and after graduating he attended Tulane University in New Orleans. During World War II, he trained at a U.S. Navy facility on the campus of the University of the South in Sewanee, Tennessee in the V-12 Navy College Training Program. He served in the United States Navy from 1943 to 1946 and graduated from the University of Tennessee College of Law in 1949. That same year, he was admitted to the Tennessee bar and commenced his practice. The rotunda at the University of Tennessee College of Law is now named for him. While delivering a commencement speech during his grandson’s graduation at East Tennessee State University (Johnson City), Baker was awarded an honorary doctorate degree on May 5, 2007. Baker is an alumnus of the Alpha Sigma Chapter of the Pi Kappa Phi fraternity.
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Hoyt Vandenberg
Hoyt Sanford Vandenberg (January 24, 1899 – April 2, 1954) was a U.S. Air Force general, its second Chief of Staff, and second Director of Central Intelligence.
During World War II, Vandenberg was the commanding general of the Ninth Air Force, a tactical air force in England and in France, supporting the Army, from August 1944 until V-E Day. Vandenberg Air Force Base on the central coast of California is named for General Vandenberg. In 1946, he was briefly the U.S. Chief of Military Intelligence. He was also the nephew of Arthur H. Vandenberg, a former U.S. Senator from Michigan.
Vandenberg was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He grew up in Lowell, Massachusetts, spending his teenage years there. He graduated from the United States Military Academy on June 12, 1923, and was commissioned a second lieutenant in the Air Service.
General Vandenberg graduated from the Air Service Flying School at Brooks Field, Texas, in February 1924, and from the Air Service Advanced Flying School at Kelly Field, Texas, in September 1924.
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Ishmael Jones
Ishmael Jones (born 15 December 1961) is the pseudonym used by a former CIA officer. He resigned from the CIA and became a leading proponent of American intelligence reform, with special emphasis on the improvement of human source intelligence collection (Humint). He is a former deep cover case officer (or clandestine officer) for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). He is the author of the book The Human Factor: Inside the CIA's Dysfunctional Intelligence Culture and many articles on intelligence reform. He believes that improvement of American intelligence capabilities is necessary to protect Americans and American allies.
Jones was born in the United States and raised in the Middle East, East Asia, and East Africa. He attended universities in the US and served as an officer in the US Marine Corps.
In the late 1980’s he joined the Central Intelligence Agency where he served as a deep cover officer focusing on human sources with access to intelligence on weapons of mass destruction and terrorism. Except for his initial training and service in the United States, his career was spent entirely in the field, and his assignments included more than 15 years of continuous overseas service in numerous exotic countries and several rogue nations. He resigned from the CIA in good standing in order to work toward intelligence reform.
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Italians
Italians (Italian: italiani) are an ethnic group native of Southern Europe that share a common Italian culture, ancestry and speak the Italian language as a mother tongue. Within Italy, Italians are defined by citizenship, regardless of ancestry or country of residence (though the principle of jus sanguinis is used extensively and arguably more favorably in the Italian nationality law), and are distinguished from people of Italian descent and, historically, from ethnic Italians living in the unredeemed territories adjacent to the Italian Peninsula.
In 2012, in addition to the 60 million Italians in Italy and 3,000 in San Marino, Italian-speaking, autonomous groups are found in neighboring countries: about 500,000 in Switzerland, a large, but undefined population in France (Nice, Corsica), and smaller groups in Slovenia and Croatia, primarily in Istria. If regarded as an ethnic group, they constitute one of the world's largest.
Because of wide-ranging and long-lasting diaspora, about 4 and half million Italian citizens and over 70 million people of full or part Italian ancestry live outside of Italy, most notably in South America, North America, Australia and parts of Europe.
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Jacob Lew
Jacob Joseph "Jack" Lew (born August 29, 1955) is the 25th and current White House Chief of Staff. Previously, he was the Director of the Office of Management and Budget from 1998 to 2001 and from 2010 to 2012.
Lew was born in New York City. He attended New York City public schools, graduating from Forest Hills High School. His father was a lawyer and rare-book dealer who came to the United States from Poland as a child. Lew attended Carleton College in Minnesota where his faculty adviser was Paul Wellstone, who eventually represented Minnesota in the U.S. Senate. He graduated from Harvard College in 1978 and the Georgetown University Law Center in 1983.
He worked as an aide to Rep. Joe Moakley (D-Mass.) from 1974 to 1975. He then was a senior policy adviser to House Speaker Tip O'Neill. Under O'Neill he served at the House Democratic Steering and Policy Committee as Assistant Director and then Executive Director, and was responsible for work on domestic and economic issues including Social Security, Medicare, budget, tax, trade, appropriations, and energy issues.
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James Baker
James Addison Baker, III (born April 28, 1930) is an American attorney, politician and political advisor.
Baker served as the Chief of Staff in President Ronald Reagan's first administration and in the final year of the administration of President George H. W. Bush. Baker also served as Secretary of the Treasury from 1985–1988 in the second Reagan administration, and Secretary of State in the George H. W. Bush administration. He is also the honorary chair of the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy at Rice University in Houston, Texas.
James Addison Baker was born in Houston, Texas at 1216 Bissonnet, to James A. Baker, Jr. (1892–1973) and Ethel Bonner (born Means) Baker (August 6, 1894 – April 26, 1991). His father was a partner of Houston law firm Baker Botts. Baker has a sister, Bonner Baker Moffitt.
Baker attended The Hill School, a boarding school in Pottstown, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Princeton University in 1952. Afterwards, he earned a J.D. (1957) from The University of Texas at Austin and began to practice law in Texas.
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James Forrestal
James Vincent Forrestal (February 15, 1892 – May 22, 1949) was the last Cabinet-level United States Secretary of the Navy and the first United States Secretary of Defense.
Forrestal was a supporter of naval battle groups centered on aircraft carriers. In 1954, the world's first supercarrier was named USS Forrestal in his honor, as is the headquarters of the United States Department of Energy. He is also the namesake of the Forrestal Lecture Series at the United States Naval Academy, which brings prominent military and civilian leaders to speak to the Brigade of Midshipmen, and of the James Forrestal Campus of Princeton University in Plainsboro Township, New Jersey.
Forrestal observed a famously punishing work schedule in the last years of his life, and rumors had circulated in the press as to his health. President Truman's decision to dismiss him as Secretary of Defense on March 31, 1949 is said to have caused him to suffer a "nervous breakdown", a charge denied by Forrestal's brother. Forrestal was hospitalized on April 2, 1949. On May 22, 1949 he was found dead on the roof of a covered walkway below the window of a kitchen across the hall from his 16th floor room at the National Naval Medical Center (NNMC, commonly known as the Bethesda Naval Hospital), a bathrobe sash knotted tightly around his neck. This happened on the day Forrestal was to be discharged from the hospital. The news media reported that he had committed suicide, and the local coroner and U.S. Navy officials agreed. The circumstances of the death were reviewed, however, by a committee convened by Rear Admiral Morton D. Willcutts, the head of NNMC (1948–1951). The committee released only a brief list of conclusions several months after it had completed its work. The conclusions noted only that Forrestal "died following a fall" and that the fall caused his death. The board did not speculate as to what might have caused the fall.
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James Lee Witt
James Lee Witt (born January 6, 1944) was Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) during the administration of President Bill Clinton.
Witt was born in Paris, Arkansas, and was raised in Dardanelle, in Yell County, Arkansas. He founded a construction business in 1968. At 34, he was elected County Judge of Yell County. Witt was re-elected to the post six times and was recognized by the National Association of Counties for his work. Witt was a charter Board Chairman of Child Development Inc., which works to advance Head Start programs.
In 1988, Witt was appointed by then-Governor Bill Clinton to be the head of the Arkansas Office of Emergency Services where he reorganized the state's emergency management process.
When Clinton was elected President, he appointed Witt to head FEMA, for which Witt was confirmed by the U.S. Senate in 1993. In 1996, he was given cabinet rank.
During his tenure Witt was able to overcome FEMA's previously poor reputation. A 1992 interim report by the Congress (prior to Hurricane Andrew, which led to further criticism of FEMA) had said, "FEMA is widely viewed as a political dumping ground, a turkey farm, if you will, where large numbers of positions exist that can be conveniently and quietly filled by political appointment ..."
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James Thomas Lynn
James Thomas Lynn (February 27, 1927 – December 6, 2010) was a U.S. cabinet officer and government official.
Lynn was born in Cleveland, Ohio, the son of Frederick Robert Lynn and Dorthea Estelle Lynn (née Petersen). In 1948, he graduated summa cum laude from Western Reserve University (now known as Case Western Reserve University), and in 1951 graduated magna cum laude from Harvard Law School. At Harvard Law School Lynn was the Case Editor of the Harvard Law Review. Working for Jones, Day, Cockley and Reavis, Cleveland's biggest law firm, became a partner in 1960 and was there until 1969, the year he was named the general counsel for the Department of Commerce. In 1971, he became undersecretary for the department.
On February 2, 1973, Lynn was sworn in as the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, and served until 1975. Under Gerald Ford, Lynn became the director of the Office of Management and Budget, serving from 1975 to 1977. Lynn joined the Board of Aetna in the 1970s, and served as its President and Chairman in the 1980s.
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Janet Napolitano
Janet Napolitano (/nəpɒlɨˈtænoʊ/; born November 29, 1957) is the third and current United States Secretary of Homeland Security, serving in the administration of President Barack Obama. She is the fourth person (including an acting Secretary) to hold the position, which was created after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. A member of the Democratic Party, she was the 21st Governor of Arizona from 2003 to 2009. She was Arizona's third female governor, and the first woman to win re-election. Prior to her election as governor, she served as Attorney General of Arizona from 1999 to 2002. She was the first woman and the 23rd person to serve in that office. Napolitano is the 1977 Truman Scholar from New Mexico. Forbes ranked her as the world's 15th most powerful woman in 2011.
Janet Napolitano was born on November 29, 1957, in New York City, the daughter of Jane Marie (née Winer) and Leonard Michael Napolitano, who was the dean of the University of New Mexico School of Medicine. She is of half Italian ancestry and is a Methodist. She was the eldest of three children; she has a younger brother and sister. She was raised in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and Albuquerque, New Mexico, where she graduated from Sandia High School in Albuquerque in 1975 and was voted Most Likely to Succeed. She graduated from Santa Clara University in Santa Clara, California, where she won a Truman Scholarship, and was valedictorian. In 1978, she studied for a term at the London School of Economics as part of the Santa Clara's exchange programme through IES Abroad. She then received her Juris Doctor (J.D.) from the University of Virginia School of Law. After law school she served as a law clerk for Judge Mary M. Schroeder of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, and then joined Schroeder's former firm, the Phoenix law firm Lewis and Roca.
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Janet Reno
Janet Wood Reno (born July 21, 1938) is a former Attorney General of the United States (1993–2001). She was nominated by President Bill Clinton on February 11, 1993, and confirmed on March 11. She was the first female Attorney General and the second longest serving Attorney General after William Wirt.
Reno was born in Miami, Florida. Reno's father, Henry Olaf Reno (original surname Rasmussen), emigrated to the United States from Denmark and for forty-three years was a police reporter for the Miami Herald. Jane Wallace (née Wood), Reno's mother, raised her children and then became an investigative reporter for the Miami News. Janet Reno has three younger siblings.
Reno attended public school in Miami-Dade County, Florida, where she was a debating champion and was valedictorian at Coral Gables High School. In 1956, Reno enrolled at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, where she majored in chemistry, lived in Balch Hall, became president of the Women's Self-Government Association, and earned her room and board.
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Jeffrey Zients
Jeffrey "Jeff" D. Zients (born c. 1966) is an American CEO, management consultant and entrepreneur. On January 17, 2012, he was named acting director of the Office of Management & Budget and assumed office on January 27, 2012. This is his second turn as acting director and White House aides have said it is likely he will serve in this capacity through the end of President Obama's first term. In 2009, President Obama appointed him to the new position of United States Chief Performance Officer and was confirmed by the Senate to be Deputy Director for Management of the Office of Management and Budget in the federal government of the United States.
Zients is a native of Kensington, Maryland and lives in the Washington, D.C. area. He and his wife Mary have four children Sasha, Matt, Josh, and Jonny
He graduated in 1984 from St. Albans School and earned a bachelor's of science degree at Duke University summa cum laude. Zients worked in management consulting for Mercer Management Consulting and Bain & Company and then was chief operating officer of DGB Enterprises, a holding company for the Advisory Board Company, Corporate Executive Board, and Atlantic Media Company .
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Jesse Brown
Jesse Brown (March 27, 1944 – August 15, 2002,) was the United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs under President Bill Clinton from 1993 to 1997.
Jesse Brown was born on March 27, 1944, in Detroit, Michigan, to Lucille Marsh Brown and David Brown but grew up in Chicago. He attended The Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C. and Roosevelt University in Chicago, and graduated from the City Colleges of Chicago.
He enlisted in the United States Marine Corps in 1963, and served as a Marine in the Vietnam War, reaching the rank of Corporal. He was seriously injured in 1965 near Da Nang — his right arm shattered and partially paralyzed.
In 1967, Brown joined the staff of Disabled American Veterans (DAV), a service and advocacy organization. He served in various supervisory roles with the DAV in the 1970s and 1980s:
In 1989, Brown became the DAV's first African-American director, serving until 1993.
In January 1993, Brown was selected by President Bill Clinton to the post of Secretary of Veterans Affairs, serving until 1997. He was the first African American to hold that post. During his tenure, Brown expanded the services offered to female veterans, homeless veterans and veterans who were ill due to chemical exposures in Vietnam or the Gulf War. After he resigned as Secretary, Brown founded a consulting firm, Brown and Associates.
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Jim Nussle
James Allen "Jim" Nussle (born June 27, 1960, Des Moines, Iowa) is an American politician and was the director of the Office of Management and Budget. Nussle was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from 1991 to 2007. He was the Republican nominee for the November 2006 election for Governor of Iowa, and was defeated by Chet Culver.
After high school, Nussle studied in Denmark (his political action committee (PAC) was at one time called "Great Dane PAC" and he is of Danish descent). He then received a B.A. in international studies, political science, and economics from Luther College in 1983, and a J.D. degree from Drake University in Des Moines in 1985. While at Luther he was a member of the Zeta Rho Tau fraternity and was the lead singer in a band called ZPT blues band. Nussle also founded the Luther College Republicans chapter during his time at Luther. Upon graduation from Drake University law school, Nussle took his first step in becoming a public servant when he was elected as the Delaware County, Iowa attorney in Manchester. While in Manchester, Nussle became a volunteer firefighter. Currently he president of a his own media consulting firm and chief operating officer of pro-ethanol trade association.
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Joe Biden
Joseph Robinette "Joe" Biden, Jr. (pronunciation: /ˈdʒoʊsɨf rɒbɨˈnɛt ˈbaɪdən/; born November 20, 1942) is the 47th and current Vice President of the United States, serving under President Barack Obama. A Democrat, he was a United States Senator from Delaware from January 3, 1973 until his resignation on January 15, 2009, following his election to the Vice Presidency.
Biden was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania and lived there for ten years before moving to Delaware. He became an attorney in 1969, and was elected to a county council in 1970. Biden was first elected to the Senate in 1972 and became the sixth-youngest senator in U.S. history. He was re-elected to the Senate six times, was the fourth most senior senator at the time of his resignation, and is the 15th-longest serving Senator in history. Biden was a long-time member and former chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee. His strong advocacy helped bring about U.S. military assistance and intervention during the Bosnian War. He opposed the Gulf War in 1991. He voted in favor of the Iraq War Resolution in 2002, but later proposed resolutions to alter U.S. strategy there. He has also served as chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee, dealing with issues related to drug policy, crime prevention, and civil liberties, and led creation of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act and Violence Against Women Act. He chaired the Judiciary Committee during the contentious U.S. Supreme Court nominations of Robert Bork and Clarence Thomas.
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John Bryson
John E. Bryson (born July 24, 1943) is the 37th Secretary of Commerce. The Senate confirmed him by a 74–26 vote on October 20, 2011. He was sworn in on October 21, 2011. He is the former Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of Edison International, the parent company of Southern California Edison.
Bryson graduated from Cleveland High School in Portland, Oregon, in 1961. He received his bachelor's degree from Stanford University in 1965 and his Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree from Yale Law School in 1969.
In 1970, with other recent Yale Law graduates, Bryson helped found and served as legal counsel for the Natural Resources Defense Council.
From 1976 to 1979, Bryson served as chairman of the California State Water Resources Control Board, and from 1979 to 1982, he served as president of the California Public Utilities Commission.
Bryson led Edison International from 1990 until his retirement on July 31, 2008, and was succeeded by Ted Craver.
Bryson was a director of The Boeing Company, W. M. Keck Foundation, and The Walt Disney Company, and a former Director/Trustee for three Western Asset Management funds at Legg Mason. He serves or has served on a number of educational, environmental and other nonprofit boards, including chairman of the California Business Roundtable, a trustee of Stanford University, a trustee of California Institute of Technology, co-chairman of the Pacific Council on International Policy, and chairman of the Public Policy Institute of California.
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John Chafee
John Lester Hubbard Chafee ( /ˈtʃeɪfiː/ CHAY-fee; October 22, 1922 – October 24, 1999) was an American politician. He served as an officer in the United States Marine Corps, as the 66th Governor of Rhode Island, as the Secretary of the Navy, and as a United States Senator.
Chafee was born in Providence, Rhode Island to a politically active family. He was the son of Janet (née Hunter) and John S. Chafee. His great-grandfather, Henry Lippitt, was governor of Rhode Island (1875–1877) and among his great-uncles were a Rhode Island governor, Charles Warren Lippitt, and United States Senator Henry Frederick Lippitt. His uncle, Zechariah Chafee, was a Harvard law professor, and a notable civil libertarian.
John Chafee graduated from a coeducational primary school, Providence's Gordon School, in 1931 and then attended Providence Country Day School. In 1940, he graduated from Deerfield Academy in Massachusetts. Chafee was in his third year as an undergraduate at Yale University when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. He interrupted his undergraduate studies and enlisted in the Marine Corps, spending his 20th birthday on Guadalcanal fighting on the island from August 8, 1942 until November 1942, when the First Marine Division was relieved, during the Battle of Guadalcanal. After receiving his commission, he fought in the Battle of Okinawa in the spring of 1945 as a Second Lieutenant. Following the war, he received degrees from Yale University in 1947 and Harvard Law School in 1950. At Yale, he was a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon (Phi chapter) and Skull and Bones fraternities. In 1951, he was recalled to active service to be a Marine rifle company commander during the Korean War with Dog Company, 2nd Battalion, 7th Marines.
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John Lindsay
John Vliet Lindsay (November 24, 1921 – December 19, 2000) was an American politician, lawyer and broadcaster who was a U.S. Congressman, Mayor of New York City, candidate for U.S. President and regular guest host of Good Morning America.
During his political career, he served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1959 to 1965 and as mayor of New York City from 1966 to 1973. He switched from the Republican to the Democratic Party in 1971, and launched a brief but unsuccessful bid for the 1972 Democratic presidential nomination as well as the 1980 Democratic nomination for Senator from New York. He died from Parkinson's disease and pneumonia on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, December 19, 2000.
Lindsay was born in New York City on West End Avenue to George Nelson Lindsay and the former Florence Eleanor Vliet. Contrary to popular assumptions, John Lindsay was neither a blue-blood nor very wealthy by birth,[page needed] although he did grow up in an upper middle class family of English and Dutch extraction. Lindsay's paternal grandfather migrated to the United States in the 1880s from the Isle of Wight, and his mother was from an upper-middle class family that had been in New York since the 1660s. John's father was a successful lawyer and investment banker, and was able to send his son to the Buckley School, St. Paul's School and Yale, where he was admitted to the class of 1944 and joined Scroll and Key.
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John Podesta
John David Podesta (born January 8, 1949) was the fourth and final White House Chief of Staff under President Bill Clinton, from 1998 until 2001. He is the former president and now Chair and Counselor of the Center for American Progress, a liberal think tank in Washington, D.C., and is also a Visiting Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center. Podesta was a co-chairman of the Obama-Biden Transition Project.
Podesta spent most of his early years in Chicago, where he was born, growing up in the neighborhood of Jefferson Park on the city's Northwest Side. His mother, Mary (née Kokoris), was Greek-American, and his father, John David Podesta, Sr., was Italian-American. He has a brother, Tony. In 1967, he graduated from Lane Technical High School in Chicago. In 1971, Podesta graduated from Knox College in Galesburg, Illinois. He attended the Georgetown University Law Center and graduated in 1976. Podesta worked as a trial attorney for the Department of Justice's Honors Program in the Land and Natural Resources Division (1976–1977), and as a Special Assistant to the Director of ACTION, the Federal volunteer agency (1978–1979).
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John Veneman
John G. Veneman (October 31, 1925 – April 11, 1982) was a Republican politician from Modesto, California. He was born in Corcoran and died in Sacramento. He was elected to the California State Assembly for the 30th District five times in succession, between 1962 and 1968. In 1969 he resigned to become Under Secretary at the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare under Secretary of HEW Robert Finch. In 1974 he was unsuccessful in a bid to become Lieutenant Governor of California.
He was the father of Ann Veneman, United States Secretary of Agriculture 2001-2005. The portion of State Route 99 from the Stanislaus County line to State Route 132 in Modesto is named the "John G. Veneman Freeway". It was named by Assembly Concurrent Resolution No. 171, Chapter 131, in 1984.
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Joseph Dodge
Joseph Morrell Dodge (November 18, 1890 – December 2, 1964) was a chairman of the Detroit Bank, now Comerica, and later served as an economic advisor for postwar economic stabilization programs in Germany and Japan.
Dodge formed economic reconstruction plans for West Germany after World War II, and implemented financial reforms in 1948. He later moved to Japan as a special ambassador in December 1948, and drafted another economic stabilization plan, widely known as the Dodge Line. It was based on the nine principles of economic stabilization that were announced in Washington, DC in December 1948.
From 1953 to 1954 he was President Dwight D. Eisenhower's Director of the Bureau of the Budget.
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Joshua Bolten
Joshua Brewster Bolten (born August 16, 1954) served as the White House Chief of Staff to U.S. President George W. Bush. Bolten replaced Andrew Card on April 14, 2006.
Bolten is the son of Analouise (née Clissold) and Seymour Bolten. His father worked for the CIA and his mother taught world history at George Washington University. He graduated from St. Albans School, and served on the school's board until 2007.
Bolton attended Princeton University, where he studied in the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs and served as class president and president of The Ivy Club. He graduated in 1976. He graduated with a J.D. from Stanford Law School in 1980 and served as an editor of the law review.
Formerly the Director of Office of Management and Budget (OMB), Bolten was confirmed by the U.S. Senate to that position in 2003. Bolten was Deputy Chief of Staff for Policy at the White House from 2001 to 2003. He previously served as policy director for the 2000 George W. Bush Presidential campaign from 1999 to 2000 and as Executive Director for Legal and Government Affairs at Goldman Sachs in London from 1994 to 1999.
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Karen Mills
Karen Gordon Mills is the 23rd administrator of the Small Business Administration (SBA), a federal agency which provides small businesses with access to capital and government contracts, counseling and training, and disaster relief. She was nominated by President-elect Barack Obama on December 19, 2008, confirmed unanimously by the Senate on April 2, 2009, and sworn in on April 6, 2009. She was elevated to the rank of Cabinet-level officer on January 13, 2012.
Mills is the daughter of Mr. Melvin and Ellen Gordon, the CEO and President of Tootsie Roll Industries, respectively. She is married to Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, and has three sons. She has a B.A. in economics from Harvard University, and an MBA from Harvard Business School.
Mills has extensive experience in managing and investing in small businesses. During the 1980s and 1990s, Mills worked with and managed several small manufacturing firms throughout the country, including producers of hardwood flooring, refrigerator motors, and plastic injection molding.
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Kathleen Sebelius
Kathleen Sebelius (pronounced /sɨˈbiːliəs/; née Gilligan, born May 15, 1948) is an American politician currently serving as the 21st Secretary of Health and Human Services. She was the second female Governor of Kansas from 2003 to 2009, the Democratic respondent to the 2008 State of the Union address, and chair-emerita of the Democratic Governors Association.
Sebelius was born and raised in a Roman Catholic family in Cincinnati, Ohio. She attended the Summit Country Day School in Cincinnati and graduated from Trinity Washington University in Washington, D.C. with a B.A. in political science. She later earned a Master of Public Administration degree from the University of Kansas. She moved to Kansas in 1974, where she served for eight years as a representative in the Kansas Legislature and eight years as Insurance Commissioner before being elected governor.
Sebelius is the daughter of former Democratic Ohio Governor John J. Gilligan, and thus they became the first father/daughter governor pair in the United States after her election. Following passage of the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, she pointed out another father-daughter connection: her father had been in the House of Representatives when Medicare was originally passed in 1965.
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Ken Salazar
Kenneth Lee "Ken" Salazar (pronounced /ˈsæləzɑr/; born March 2, 1955) is the current United States Secretary of the Interior, in the administration of President Barack Obama. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as a United States Senator from Colorado from 2005 to 2009. He and Mel Martinez (R-Florida) were the first Hispanic U.S. Senators since 1977; they were joined by Bob Menendez (D-New Jersey) in January 2006. Prior to his election to the U.S. Senate, he served as Attorney General of Colorado from 1999 to 2005.
On December 17, 2008, President-elect Obama announced he would nominate Salazar as U.S. Secretary of the Interior. The environmentalist movement's reaction to this nomination was mixed. Previously, Salazar supported the nomination of Gale Norton to Secretary of the Interior, President George W. Bush's first appointee who preceded Salazar as Colorado Attorney General. On January 20, 2009, Salazar was confirmed by unanimous consent in the Senate.
Ken Salazar was born in Alamosa, Colorado, the son of Emma M. and Henry (Enrique) S. Salazar. He grew up near Manassa, in the community of Los Rincones in the San Luis Valley area of south-central Colorado. Salazar attended St. Francis Seminary and Centauri High School in La Jara, graduating in 1973. He later attended Colorado College, earning a Bachelor of Arts degree in political science in 1977, and received his Juris Doctor (J.D.) from the University of Michigan Law School in 1981. Later Salazar was awarded honorary degrees (Doctor of Laws) from Colorado College (1993) and the University of Denver (1999). After graduating, Salazar started private law practice.
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Kenneth Duberstein
Kenneth M. Duberstein (born April 21, 1944) served as U.S. President Ronald Reagan's White House Chief of Staff from 1988 to 1989.
A native of Brooklyn, New York, he graduated from Franklin and Marshall College (A.B. 1965) and American University (M.A. 1966). He received an honorary Doctor of Laws degree from Franklin and Marshall in 1989. While in college he was a member of Zeta Beta Tau. He is married to Jacqueline Duberstein
During President Reagan's two terms in office, he served as White House Deputy Chief of Staff (1988–1989), as well as both the Assistant and the Deputy Assistant to the President for Legislative Affairs (1981–83). Duberstein is the first Jew appointed as White House Chief of Staff.
Prior to joining the Administration, he was Vice President and Director of Business-Government Relations of the Committee for Economic Development. He returned to the private sector between his various White House assignments as Vice President of Timmons & Company Inc, one of Washington's top lobbying firms. Some of the firm's clients include the American Petroleum Institute, Anheuser-Busch, Chrysler, Teva Pharmaceuticals, the American Council of Life Insurers, the American Medical Association, and VISA.
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Kermit Gordon
Kermit Gordon (July 3, 1916– June 21, 1976) was Director of the United States Bureau of the Budget (now the Office of Management and Budget) (December 28, 1962 - June 1, 1965) during the administration of John F. Kennedy. He continued to serve in this capacity in the Lyndon Johnson administration. He oversaw the creation of the first budgets for Johnson's Great Society domestic agenda. Gordon was a member of the Council of Economic Advisors, 1961-1962. After he retired from government service, he joined the Brookings Institution, first as vice president (1965–1967) and then as its president for nearly a decade (1967–1976). During his tenure, Brookings developed a left-of-center reputation chiefly because Gordon was a supporter of the Great Society and critic of the Vietnam War.
Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Gordon graduated from Upper Darby High School in 1933. He was inducted into Upper Darby High School's Wall of Fame posthumously, in 1980. After graduating from Swarthmore College in 1938, he was a Rhodes Scholar (1938–1939) and a Harvard administrative fellow. During World War II he worked in the Office of Price Administration before serving in the United States Army. After the war he was a special assistant in the Department of State's Office of Assistant Secretary of Economic Affairs until 1946, when he joined the faculty of Williams College. He was a professor of economics at Williams from 1955 until he joined the Kennedy Administration as budget director.
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Lawrence Eagleburger
Lawrence Sidney Eagleburger (August 1, 1930 – June 4, 2011) was an American statesman and former career diplomat, who served briefly as the Secretary of State under President George H. W. Bush. Previously, he had served in lesser capacities under Presidents Richard Nixon, Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, and as Deputy Secretary of State under George H. W. Bush.
Eagleburger is the only career Foreign Service Officer to have served as Secretary of State.
Eagleburger was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the son of Helen (née Van Ornum), an elementary school teacher, and Leon Sidney Eagleburger, a physician. He graduated from P J Jacobs High School in Stevens Point, Wisconsin, then attended Stevens Point State College (now the University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point), before earning his Bachelor's and Master's degrees from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. During his time at Wisconsin, he joined Alpha Sigma Phi Fraternity. On May 6, 1995, he delivered the commencement address to the 1995 graduating class of James Madison University.
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Lawrence Summers
Lawrence Henry Summers (born November 30, 1954) is an American economist. He served as the 71st United States Secretary of the Treasury from 1999 to 2001 under President Bill Clinton. He was Director of the White House United States National Economic Council for President Barack Obama until November 2010. Summers is the Charles W. Eliot University Professor at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government. He is the 1993 recipient of the John Bates Clark Medal for his work in several fields of economics.
Summers also served as the 27th President of Harvard University from 2001 to 2006. Summers resigned as Harvard's president in the wake of a no-confidence vote by Harvard faculty that resulted in large part from Summers's conflict with Cornel West, financial conflict of interest questions regarding his relationship with Andrei Shleifer, and a 2005 speech in which he suggested that the under-representation of women in science and engineering could be due to a "different availability of aptitude at the high end," and less to patterns of discrimination and socialization.
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Leon Panetta
Leon Edward Panetta (born June 28, 1938) is the 23rd and current United States Secretary of Defense, serving in the administration of President Barack Obama since 2011. Prior to taking office, he served as Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. An Italian-American Democratic politician, lawyer, and professor, Panetta served as President Bill Clinton's White House Chief of Staff from 1994 to 1997, Director of the Office of Management and Budget from 1993–1994, and was a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1977 to 1993. He is the founder of the Panetta Institute for Public Policy, served as Distinguished Scholar to Chancellor Charles B. Reed of the California State University System and professor of public policy at Santa Clara University.
In January 2009, President Obama nominated Panetta for the post of CIA Director. Panetta was confirmed by the full Senate in February 2009. As director of the CIA, Panetta oversaw the U.S. military operation that led to Osama bin Laden's death.
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Les Aspin
Leslie "Les" Aspin, Jr. (July 21, 1938 – May 21, 1995) was a United States Representative from 1971 to 1993, and the United States Secretary of Defense under President Bill Clinton from January 21, 1993 to February 3, 1994.
Aspin was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He graduated from Shorewood High School. He attended Yale University, where he was admitted to the Zeta Psi fraternity, and graduated summa cum laude in 1960 with a Bachelor of Arts in history. In 1962, he received his Master of Arts in economics from Oxford University, where he was a Rhodes Scholar, and his Ph.D in economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1966.
As an officer in the U.S. Army from 1966 to 1968, he served as a systems analyst in the Pentagon under Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara, serving in the Office of Systems Analysis. Before his election as a Democrat to Congress in 1970, Aspin had been active in Wisconsin politics and had taught economics at Marquette University.
Aspin ran as a peace candidate in 1970, opposing the Vietnam War. In the Democratic primary he was opposed by Doug LaFollette, who was endorsed by the party. After losing the initial count by a few dozen votes, he demanded a recount and won the primary, by a few dozen votes. In the general election he defeated the incumbent, Henry Schadeberg.
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Lloyd Bentsen
Lloyd Millard Bentsen, Jr. (February 11, 1921 – May 23, 2006) was a four-term United States senator (1971–1993) from Texas and the Democratic Party nominee for Vice President in 1988 on the Michael Dukakis ticket. He also served in the House of Representatives from 1949 to 1955. In his later political life, he was Chairman of the Senate Finance Committee and the U.S. Treasury Secretary during the first two years of the Clinton administration.
Bentsen was born in Mission in Hidalgo County in south Texas; his parents were Lloyd Millard Bentsen, Sr., a first-generation Danish American, and the former Edna Ruth Colbath. Bentsen was an Eagle Scout and recipient of the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award from the Boy Scouts of America. He attended Sharyland High School. He graduated from the University of Texas School of Law in 1942 where he was a member of the Upsilon Chapter of Sigma Nu fraternity and the Texas Cowboys. Upon graduation, he served in the United States Army Air Corps from 1942 to 1945. On November 27, 1943, he married Beryl Ann Longino, a fashion model, whom he first met in college.[citation needed]
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Mack McLarty
Thomas F. "Mack" McLarty III (born June 14, 1946) is a prominent Arkansas business and political leader and former White House Chief of Staff for US President Bill Clinton. He is the President of McLarty Associates, a Washington-based consulting company, as well as Chief Executive Officer of the McLarty Companies.
McLarty was born in Hope, Arkansas, and graduated from the University of Arkansas in 1969. He is a member of Sigma Chi Fraternity. He worked through the ranks of the business founded by his grandfather, Thomas F. "Mr. Tom" McLarty, Hope Auto Company. After serving a term in the Arkansas House, he concentrated his efforts on growing the family's truck leasing business, first called M&M Leasing, later to become McLarty Leasing. He expanded the family's Arkansas dealership network to locations in Hope, Texarkana, Magnolia, and Little Rock. He was urged in many Democratic Party circles to seek the governor's chair vacated by David Pryor in 1978, but he deferred to his friend and fellow Hope native, Bill Clinton. He was elected to the State Legislature at the age of 23, serving a single term from 1971–1973 and served as chairman of the state Democratic Party from 1974–1976."
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Madeleine Albright
Madeleine Korbelová Albright (born May 15, 1937) was the first woman to become the United States Secretary of State. She was appointed by US President Bill Clinton on December 5, 1996, and was unanimously confirmed by a U.S. Senate vote of 99–0. She was sworn in on January 23, 1997.
Albright currently serves as a Professor of International Relations at Georgetown University's Walsh School of Foreign Service. She holds a PhD from Columbia University. She holds honorary degrees from Brandeis University (1996); the University of Washington (2002); Smith College (2003); University of Winnipeg (2005); the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (2007), and Knox College (2008). In May 2012, she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by US President Barack Obama. Secretary Albright also serves as a Director on the Board of the Council on Foreign Relations.
Albright is fluent in English, French, Russian, and Czech; she speaks and reads Polish and Serbo-Croatian as well.
Albright was born Marie Jana Korbelová (Czech pronunciation: [ˈmarɪjɛ ˈjana ˈkorbɛlovaː]) in the Smíchov district of Prague, Czechoslovakia. At the time of her birth, Czechoslovakia had been independent for less than twenty years, having gained independence from Austria after World War I. Her father, Josef Korbel, was a Czech Jewish diplomat and supporter of the early Czech democrats, Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk and Edvard Beneš. She was his first child with his Jewish wife, Anna (née Spieglová), who later also had another daughter Katherine (a schoolteacher) and son John (an economist).
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Martin Dempsey
General Martin E. Dempsey, USA (born March 14, 1952) is the 18th and current Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. He previously served 149 days as the 37th Chief of Staff of the Army from April 11, 2011, to September 7, 2011. Prior to that, he served as Commanding General, U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command, from December 8, 2008, to April 11, 2011, as Acting Commander, U.S. Central Command, from March 24, 2008, to October 30, 2008, as Deputy Commander, U.S. Central Command, from August 2007 to March 23, 2008, and as Commanding General, Multi-National Security Transition Command – Iraq (MNSTC-I), from August 2005 to August 2007. As Chairman, Dempsey is the highest ranking officer in the United States Armed Forces. He assumed his current assignment on October 1, 2011.
Dempsey attended John S. Burke Catholic High School in Goshen, New York, and received a commission as an Armor officer upon graduation from the United States Military Academy in 1974. As a company-grade officer, he served in 1st Squadron, 2d Armored Cavalry Regiment as the S-1 OIC. He went on to be the Executive Officer of the 3rd Brigade 3rd Armored Division during Operation Desert Shield/Storm. He then commanded the 4th Battalion of the 67th Armored Regiment "Bandits" from 1992–1995 in the 1st Armored Division in Friedberg, Hesse, Germany.
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Martin Olav Sabo
Martin Olav Sabo (born February 28, 1938) is an American politician and member of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party (DFL) and a former United States Representative for Minnesota's fifth district, which includes Minneapolis; the district is one of eight congressional districts in Minnesota.
Sabo was born of Norwegian immigrant parents in Crosby, North Dakota and in 1959 received a B.A. from Augsburg College in Minneapolis, later pursuing graduate studies at the University of Minnesota. He was elected to the Minnesota House of Representatives in 1960 at the age of 22, later serving as minority leader (1969–72) and as the first Democrat to serve as house speaker (1973–78). During his tenure in the state house he served terms as president of the National Conference of State Legislatures and of the National Legislative Conference, and was a presidential appointee to the National Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations.
When eight-term incumbent and fellow DFLer Donald M. Fraser stepped down to run for the U.S. Senate, Sabo became the DFL candidate to succeed him in what had become the most reliably Democratic district in Minnesota (Fraser had defeated a 10-term Republican in 1962 and hadn't faced serious opposition since). He won easily in November 1978 and was reelected thirteen times without serious opposition, serving in the 96th, 97th, 98th, 99th, 100th, 101st, 102nd, 103rd, 104th, 105th, 106th, 107th, 108th, and 109th congresses.
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Maurice Stans
Maurice Hubert Stans (March 22, 1908 – April 14, 1998) was an American accountant, high-ranking civil servant, Cabinet member, and political organizer. He served as the finance chairman for the Committee to Re-elect the President, working for the re-election of Richard Nixon, and was a peripheral figure in the ensuing Watergate Scandal.
Stans was born in Shakopee, Minnesota, in 1908. He was the son of J. Hubert and Mathilda Nyssen Stans and graduated from Shakopee High School in 1925. Stans worked at a local foundry before traveling to Chicago to find work with friend, Otto F. Schultz. The same year he began work as a stenographer and bookkeeper for a Chicago importer while attending evening classes at Northwestern University. In 1928 he joined the Chicago-based firm of Alexander Grant and Company, certified public accountants, and continued his part-time studies at Columbia University while working at the firm's New York City office. He attended Columbia University from 1928–1930. He was an executive partner with the Alexander Grant & Co. accounting firm in Chicago, Illinois from 1940 until 1955.
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Michael Morell
Michael J. Morell (born 1958) is the current Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency.[Source: CIA] In May 2010, Morell was sworn in as the Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, succeeding Stephen Kappes. On July 1, 2011, Morell became the Acting Director of the Central Intelligence Agency.
Morell is a native of Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. He joined the CIA in 1980. He was chief of the CIA's division on Asia, Pacific and Latin America. Most of his work in the agency was devoted to Asian projects. He also managed the staff that produced the Presidential Daily Briefings for President George W. Bush. Morell was most recently as Director for Intelligence, a position he held since 2008. He served as the CIA's first Associate Deputy Director from 2006-2008.
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Mickey Kantor
Michael "Mickey" Kantor (born August 7, 1939) is an American politician and lawyer. After serving as the Clinton-Gore campaign chair in 1992, Kantor was appointed United States Trade Representative, holding that office from 1993 to 1997. He was, in 1996 and 1997, United States Secretary of Commerce.
Born in Nashville, Tennessee, he holds a B.A. in business and economics from Vanderbilt University, earned in 1961. He then served four years as an officer in the United States Navy, and subsequently earned a J.D. from Georgetown University in 1968. Initially, Kantor worked for the Legal Services Corporation, providing legal assistance to migrant farm workers. It was during this time that he first met Hillary Clinton. From 1976-1993, he practiced law with the Los Angeles law firm of Manatt, Phelps, Phillips & Kantor (now Manatt, Phelps & Phillips LLP), and was active in Democratic politics and fundraising. He also co-founded the Los Angeles Conservation Corps.
An advocate of free trade, Kantor, as Trade Representative, led U.S. negotiations that created the World Trade Organization (WTO), such as the Uruguay Round, and North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). His efforts were broadly criticized by organized labor and environmentalists alike, for refusing to consider fundamental worker and environmental health issues in the core agreements. President Clinton later acknowledged the errors of his administration in relegating these key economic concerns to legally weak side agreements, while favoring large business interests in the NAFTA treaty document. "I think it was a mistake. I think it was part of a global trend that was wrong-headed." Kantor also engaged in organizating the Miami Summit of the Americas and three meetings of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, including the U.S.-hosted First Leaders' Meeting. With the European Commission of the newly formed European Union, he expanded the trans-Atlantic market.
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Mike Espy
Alphonso Michael "Mike" Espy (born November 30, 1953) is a former United States political figure. From 1987 to 1993, he served in the U.S. House of Representatives from Mississippi. He served as the Secretary of Agriculture from 1993 to 1994. He was the first African American Secretary of Agriculture.
Espy was born in Yazoo City, Mississippi. He is the grandson of Thomas J. Huddleston, Sr., the founder of the Afro-American Sons and Daughters, a fraternal society that operated the Afro-American Hospital. The hospital was a leading provider of health care for blacks in the state from the 1920s until the 1970s.
He attended Howard University in Washington, D.C., majoring in law. Espy earned his Juris Doctor from the Santa Clara University School of Law in California in 1978. He was an attorney with Central Mississippi Legal Services between 1978 and 1980 and was later the assistant secretary of state to Mississippi Legal Services. Espy was the assistant secretary of the state's Public Lands Division from 1980 to 1984.
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Mitch Daniels
Mitchell Elias "Mitch" Daniels, Jr. (born April 7, 1949) is the 49th and current Governor of the U.S. state of Indiana. A Republican, he began his first four-year term as governor on January 10, 2005, and was elected to his second term by an 18-point margin, receiving the most votes in Indiana history, on November 4, 2008. Previously, he was the Director of the U.S. Office of Management and Budget under George W. Bush. He was formerly Senior Vice President of Eli Lilly and Company, Indiana's largest corporation, where he was in charge of the corporation's business strategy. He was widely speculated to be a candidate for President of the United States in 2012 before choosing not to run. He is the author of the best selling book "Keeping the Republic: Saving America by Trusting Americans."
Mitchell Elias Daniels, Jr., was born in Monongahela, Pennsylvania, to Dorothy Mae (née Wilkes) and Mitchell Elias Daniels, Sr. His paternal grandparents were Christian immigrants from Syria. Daniels has been honored by the Arab-American Institute with the 2011 Najeeb Halaby Award for Public Service. His mother's ancestry was mostly English (where three of his great-grandparents were born), as well as Scottish. Daniels spent his early childhood years in Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Georgia.
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Naoki Tanaka
Naoki Tanaka (田中 直紀, Tanaka Naoki?, born June 19, 1940 as Naoki Suzuki) is a Japanese politician of the Democratic Party of Japan, a member of the House of Councillors in the Diet (national legislature), from Niigata Prefectural electorate. He is a native of Kanazawa, Ishikawa and graduate of Keio University. When he married Makiko Tanaka he changed his family name to hers. He was elected to the House of Representatives for the first time in 1983. After losing his seat in 1996, he was elected to the House of Councillors for the first time in 1998.
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Norman Mineta
Norman Yoshio Mineta, (Japanese: 峯田良雄, Mineta Yoshio; born November 12, 1931) is an American politician. A member of the Democratic Party, Mineta most recently served in President George W. Bush's Cabinet as the United States Secretary of Transportation, the only Democratic Cabinet Secretary in the Bush administration. On June 23, 2006, Mineta announced his resignation after more than five years as Secretary of Transportation, effective July 7, 2006, making him the longest-serving Transportation Secretary in the Department's history. On July 10, 2006, Hill & Knowlton, a public relations firm, announced that Mineta would join it as a partner. On August 10, 2010, it was announced that Mineta would join L&L Energy, Inc as Vice Chairman.
Mineta also served as President Bill Clinton's Secretary of Commerce for the last six months of his term (July 2000–January 2001). Save for a span of five days between the end of Clinton's term and Bush's appointments, Mineta spent nearly six full years as a Cabinet member.
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Osama bin Laden
Osama bin Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden ( /oʊˈsɑːmə bɪn moʊˈhɑːmɨd bɪn əˈwɑːd bɪn ˈlɑːdən/; Arabic: أسامة بن محمد بن عوض بن لادن, ʾUsāmah bin Muḥammad bin ʿAwaḍ bin Lādin; March 10, 1957 – May 2, 2011), was the founder of Al-Qaeda, the jihadist organization responsible for the September 11 attacks on the United States and numerous other mass-casualty attacks against civilian and military targets. He was a member of the wealthy Saudi bin Laden family, and an ethnic Yemeni Kindite.
Bin Laden was on the American Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI) lists of Ten Most Wanted Fugitives and Most Wanted Terrorists for his involvement in the 1998 U.S. embassy bombings. From 2001 to 2011, bin Laden was a major target of the War on Terror, with a US$25 million bounty by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. On May 2, 2011, bin Laden was shot and killed inside a private residential compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan, by U.S. Navy SEALs and CIA operatives in a covert operation ordered by United States President Barack Obama.
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Percival Brundage
Percival Flack Brundage (2 April 1892 – 16 July 1979) was a director of the United States Office of Management and Budget from April 2, 1956 until March 17, 1958.
Brundage was born on 2 April 1892 in Amsterdam, New York, the son of a Protestant minister.
Before entering government service, Brundage was an accountant since 1914, and a senior partner at Price Waterhouse & Co..
In 1918, Brundage married Amittai Ostrander and had a son (Robert Percival) and a daughter (Lois Ammittai), and 4 grandchildren.
Brundage was appointed as deputy director when Rowland Hughes was appointed director in May 1954.President Eisenhower appointed Brundage as director from 2 April 1956 (his 64th birthday), following Hughes' resignation. He resigned from the post on 13 March 1956.
In 1955, Brundage was elected to the Accounting Hall of Fame.
Brundage was president of the National Bureau of Economic Research and president of the American Institute of Accountants. He was also Treasurer for the People to People Health Foundation, as well as director of the American Unitarian Association.
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Peter MacKay
Peter Gordon MacKay, PC, QC, MP (born September 27, 1965) is a lawyer and politician from Nova Scotia, Canada. He is the Member of Parliament for Central Nova and currently serves as Minister of National Defence in the Cabinet of Canada. He is married to Nazanin Afshin-Jam an Iranian-Canadian model, singer, and human rights activist, and a former Miss World Canada.
MacKay was the final leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada (PC Party). On October 15, 2003, he and Canadian Alliance leader Stephen Harper agreed to merge the two parties, forming the Conservative Party of Canada. In December 2003, members of both parties ratified the merger.
MacKay was born in New Glasgow, Nova Scotia. His father, Elmer MacKay, is a former PC cabinet minister, lumber businessman, and lawyer. His mother, Macha MacKay (née Delap), is a psychologist and peace activist; through her, MacKay is descended from James Alexander, 3rd Earl of Caledon and James Grimston, 1st Earl of Verulam. MacKay grew up in Wolfville, Nova Scotia with his three siblings. He graduated from Horton District High School in Greenwich, Nova Scotia, and then went on to graduate with a Bachelor of Arts degree from Acadia University/Carleton University in 1987, MacKay then studied Law at Dalhousie University and was called to the Nova Scotia Bar in June 1991. He worked for Thyssen Henschel, steel producer, in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and in Düsseldorf and Kassel, Germany.
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Philip Hammond
Philip Hammond MP (born 4 December 1955) is a British Conservative Party politician. He is the current Secretary of State for Defence in the Coalition government led by David Cameron, having succeeded Liam Fox on 14 October 2011. He previously served as Secretary of State for Transport from 13 May 2010, when he was appointed as a Privy Counsellor. He is the Member of Parliament (MP) for Runnymede and Weybridge.
Philip Hammond was born in Epping, Essex, the son of a civil engineer, he first attended Brookfield Junior school, further educated at Shenfield School (now Shenfield High School) in Brentwood, Essex, and University College, Oxford, where he was awarded a degree in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics.
He joined the medical equipment manufacturers Speywood Laboratories Ltd in 1977, becoming a director of Speywood Medical Limited in 1981. In 1982, an automatic electrocardiograph electrode manufacturing plant figured among his notable achievements. He left in 1983. From 1984, he was a director in Castlemead Ltd, and from 1993–95 he was a partner in CMA Consultants, and from 1994, a director in Castlemead Homes. He has had many business interests including house building and property, manufacturing, healthcare and oil and gas. He has undertaken various consulting assignments in Latin America for the World Bank in Washington, D.C., and was a consultant to the government of Malawi from 1995 until his election to Parliament.
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Philip Lader
Philip Lader (born 1946) was the United States Ambassador to the Court of St. James's United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Irelad (1997–2001) and since 2001 has been chairman of WPP Group plc, the global media and communications firm that includes Ogilvy & Mather, J. Walter Thompson, Young & Rubicam, Grey, Hill & Knowlton, Burson-Marseller, Kantar & Group M (with 158,000 people in 2,500 offices in 107 countries).
As a Senior Adviser to Morgan Stanley, he has served on the investment committees of its global real estate and infrastructure funds, as well as the boards of its Russia bank ad several of its private equity portfolio companies (including Songbird plc-Canary Wharf and Executive Offices Group). He was a member of the board of Lloyd's of London (2004-11) (the international insurance market), a director of Marathon Oil, UC Rusal (the world's largest aluminum producer), and AES (the global power company), and a trustee (formerly Vice Chairman) of RAND Corporation, the Smithsonian Museum of American History, The Atlantic Council, and the Salzburg Global Seminar. He is an adviser to [Palantir Technologies], the Silicon Valley "big data" software firm, and formerly was a director of Duck Creek Technologies, the insurance industry software developer, before its 2011 sale to Accenture.
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Porter Goss
Porter Johnston Goss (born November 26, 1938) is an American politician who was the first Director of National Intelligence (DNI) and the last Director of Central Intelligence following the passage of the 2004 Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act, which abolished the DCI position. A CIA officer in Latin America during the Cold War, he served as a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1989 until he took up his post at the agency.
Goss represented the Florida's 14th congressional district, which includes Lee County, Fort Myers, Naples, and part of Port Charlotte. He served for a time as the chairman of the House Intelligence Committee. Goss was a co-sponsor of the USA PATRIOT Act and was a co-chair of the Joint 9/11 Intelligence Inquiry.
Goss resigned as Director of the CIA on May 5, 2006 in a sit-down press conference with President George W. Bush from the Oval Office. On May 8, Bush nominated U.S. Air Force General Michael Hayden to be Goss's successor.
Goss is an avid organic farmer. According to a September 13, 2004 article in Roll Call, Goss has a farm in Virginia and spends his summers on Fishers Island in Long Island Sound.
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Rahm Emanuel
Rahm Israel Emanuel (pronounced /ˈrɑːm/; born November 29, 1959) is an American politician and the 55th and current Mayor of Chicago. He was formerly White House Chief of Staff to President Barack Obama. He served as senior advisor to President Bill Clinton from 1993 to 1998 and as a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives, representing Illinois's 5th congressional district, from 2003 until his resignation in 2009 to take his position in the Obama Administration.
Emanuel was chair of the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee during the 2006 mid-term elections and remained a top strategist for House Democrats during the 2008 cycle. After Democrats regained control of the House in 2006, Emanuel was elected chairman of the Democratic Caucus. This made him the fourth-ranking House Democrat, behind Speaker Nancy Pelosi, Majority Leader Steny Hoyer and Majority Whip Jim Clyburn.
Two days after Obama's election victory, Emanuel was announced as Obama's designee for White House Chief of Staff. He resigned from the House on January 2, 2009, and began his duties as Chief of Staff on January 20, 2009, the day of Obama's inauguration.
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Ray LaHood
Raymond H. "Ray" LaHood (born December 6, 1945) is a Republican politician from Illinois who is currently the United States Secretary of Transportation, having served since 2009. Previously, he represented the Illinois's 18th congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives for seven terms (1995–2009).
LaHood was born in Peoria, Illinois, to Edward M. LaHood, a Lebanese American who managed a restaurant, and Mary A. LaHood (née Vogel), who was of German ancestry. He graduated from Spalding Institute, worked his way through Canton Junior College and Bradley University in Peoria, earning a Bachelors of Science in education and sociology in 1971.
Following graduation, he taught junior high school social studies at public and Catholic schools, and has said that "teaching kids ... about the constitution and government" stirred his interest in politics.
LaHood was director of the Rock Island County Youth Services Bureau and then district administrative assistant for U.S. congressman Tom Railsback, a Moline, Illinois Republican, from 1977 to 1982. He was appointed in 1982 to fill a vacant seat in the Illinois House of Representatives, serving for nine months, and running for the seat in November 1982, but losing to Democrat Bob DeJaegher. LaHood then became administrative assistant and ultimately the chief of staff to U.S. House minority leader Robert Michel, serving from 1982 until 1994.
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Ray Mabus
Raymond Edwin "Ray" Mabus, Jr. (born October 11, 1948) is the 75th United States Secretary of the Navy. Mabus served as the 60th Governor of the U.S. state of Mississippi from 1988 to 1992 and as United States Ambassador to Saudi Arabia from 1994 to 1996.
Mabus was born in Starkville and is a fourth-generation Mississippian; he grew up in Ackerman, the only child of the owner of the local hardware store. After attending public schools, he graduated summa cum laude from the University of Mississippi, where he was a member of Beta Theta Pi, with a B.A. in English and political science. He earned an M.A. in political science from Johns Hopkins University and a Juris Doctor, magna cum laude, from Harvard Law School. He also served two years in the Navy as a surface warfare officer from 1970 to 1972 aboard the cruiser USS Little Rock, and worked as a law clerk in the United States Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals.
Mabus began his professional career working in Washington as legal counsel to the U.S. House Agriculture Committee. Following the election of Governor William Winter, he returned to Mississippi to work in the governor's office, where the youthful staff– which included Mabus, Dick Molpus, John Henegan and Andy Mullins– earned the nickname "Boys of Spring" from a rival state legislator.
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Richard Darman
Richard Gordon Darman (May 10, 1943 – January 25, 2008), known as Dick Darman, was an American economist and businessman who served under five U.S. presidents but is best remembered as the Director of the Office of Management and Budget during the administration of George H. W. Bush (1989–1993).
Darman was born in Charlotte, North Carolina, and grew up in, first, Woonsocket, Rhode Island, and then the exclusive Wellesley Hills neighborhood of Wellesley in southeastern Massachusetts. His father owned textile mills and marketed oil and gasoline. In 1960, Darman graduated at the age of seventeen from The Rivers School a college preparatory school in Weston in Middlesex County. He then finished with honors from Harvard in 1964 and from the Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration in 1967.
Prior to serving at OMB, Darman held other governmental positions under President Ronald Reagan, including: Assistant to the President of the United States (1981–1985); Deputy Secretary of the Treasury (1985–1987) to his close friend James A. Baker, III, of Houston; and Assistant Secretary of Commerce (1976–1977). He also was a member of the faculty of the Kennedy School of Government and Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on three different occasions between 1977 and 2002: as an Adjunct Lecturer in Public Policy, a Lecturer in Public Policy, and a Public Service Professor.
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Richard Helms
Richard McGarrah Helms (March 30, 1913 – October 22, 2002) was the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) from 1966 to 1973. He was the only director to have been convicted of lying to the United States Congress over Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) undercover activities. In 1977, he was sentenced to the maximum fine and received a suspended two-year prison sentence. Professionally he was described as a "good soldier", one who may protest a policy under discussion, but once made would support a decision loyally. Throughout his career he favored intelligence gathering and secrecy, but was often a critic of covert operations.
Helms was born in St. Davids, Pennsylvania in 1913 to Marion Helms and Herman Helms, an executive for Alcoa. He grew up in South Orange, New Jersey and began high school there. He then spent two of his high school years at the prestigious Institut Le Rosey in Switzerland where he learned to speak French and later Realgymnasium in Freiburg, where he became fluent in German.
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Richard Holbrooke
Richard Charles Albert Holbrooke (April 24, 1941 – December 13, 2010) was an American diplomat, magazine editor, author, professor, Peace Corps official, and investment banker.
He was the only person to have held the position of Assistant Secretary of State for two different regions of the world (Asia from 1977 to 1981 and Europe from 1994 to 1996).
From 1993 to 1994, he was U.S. Ambassador to Germany. Long well known in diplomatic and journalistic circles, Holbrooke achieved great public prominence when he, together with former Swedish prime minister Carl Bildt, brokered a peace agreement among the warring factions in Bosnia that led to the signing of the Dayton Peace Accords, in 1995. Holbrooke was a leading contender to succeed the retiring Warren Christopher as Secretary of State but was passed over as President Bill Clinton chose Madeleine Albright instead. From 1999 to 2001, Holbrooke served as U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations.
He was an adviser to the Presidential campaign of Senator John Kerry in 2004. Holbrooke then joined the Presidential campaign of Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton and became a top foreign policy adviser. Holbrooke was considered a likely candidate for Secretary of State had Kerry or Hillary Clinton been elected President. In January 2009, Holbrooke was appointed as a special adviser on Pakistan and Afghanistan, working under President Barack Obama and Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, a frustrating assignment which was said to have caused his health to deteriorate. He served until he died from complications of an aortic dissection on December 13, 2010.
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Richard Riley
Richard Wilson Riley (born January 2, 1933), American politician, was United States Secretary of Education under President Bill Clinton and the 111th Governor of South Carolina. He is a member of the Democratic Party.
Riley served in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1963 to 1966. He served in the South Carolina Senate from 1967 to 1977. Riley was elected governor of South Carolina in 1978. During his first term, the state constitution was amended to allow governors to serve two terms. Riley was re-elected in 1982, and served until 1987. Riley's chief accomplishment was improving funding and support for education.
As Governor, Riley presided over resumption of executions, despite his personal opposition to the death penalty.
In 1993, President Bill Clinton appointed Riley to his Cabinet as Secretary of Education. Riley served in this post until Clinton left office in 2001. Also in 1993, Clinton approached Riley about an appointment to the United States Supreme Court, which Riley turned down. Clinton ultimately appointed Ruth Bader Ginsburg. Since then, he has served as a partner in the law firm of Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough, LLP, and served as a board member of the Albert Shanker Institute. On June 27, 2007 he endorsed Hillary Clinton for President and served as a Campaign Co-Chair.
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Rob Portman
Robert Jones "Rob" Portman (born December 19, 1955) is a lawyer and the junior United States Senator from Ohio. He is a member of the Republican Party. He succeeded retiring Senator George Voinovich.
From 1993 to 2005, Portman served in the United States House of Representatives, representing Ohio's 2nd congressional district, which stretches along the Ohio River from the Hamilton County suburbs of Cincinnati east to Scioto County and Pike County. Portman won seven consecutive congressional elections with over 70 percent of the vote.
Portman served in two federal cabinet positions under the administration of President George W. Bush. From May 2005 to May 2006, he was the U.S. Trade Representative. From May 2006 to June 2007, he was Director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). He is considered a possible pick for Vice President on the Republican presidential ticket in 2012.
Portman was born in 1955 in Cincinnati, Ohio, the son of Joan (née Jones) and entrepreneur William C. "Bill" Portman II. His patrilineal great-grandfather, surnamed "Portmann", immigrated from Switzerland; Portman also has Scottish, Northern Irish, English, and German ancestry. When he was young, his father borrowed money to start the Portman Equipment Company, a forklift dealership where he and his siblings all worked growing up. The company grew from a small business with five employees and Joan Portman as bookkeeper to one that employed over 300 people. According to a 2010 Weekly Standard profile, Portman "developed a political philosophy grounded in entrepreneurship," having grown up "[hearing] talk about regulations, and taxes, and government getting in the way of small business" because of his early experiences with his family business.
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Robert Gates
Robert Michael Gates (born September 25, 1943) is the 24th Chancellor of the College of William and Mary and a retired civil servant and university president who served as the 22nd United States Secretary of Defense from 2006 to 2011. Prior to this, Gates served for 26 years in the Central Intelligence Agency and the National Security Council, and under President George H. W. Bush as Director of Central Intelligence. Gates was also an officer in the United States Air Force and during the early part of his military career, he was recruited by the CIA. After leaving the CIA, Gates became president of Texas A&M University and was a member of several corporate boards. Gates also served as a member of the Iraq Study Group, the bipartisan commission co-chaired by James A. Baker III and Lee H. Hamilton, that has studied the Iraq War. He was also the first pick to serve as the first Director of National Intelligence (DNI), but he declined the appointment in order to remain President of Texas A&M University.
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Robert Mayo
Robert Mayo (March 15, 1916 - January 25, 2003) was a director of the United States' Office of Management and Budget from January 22, 1969 until June 30, 1970.
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Robert McNamara
Robert Strange McNamara (June 9, 1916 – July 6, 2009) was an American business executive and the eighth Secretary of Defense, serving under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson from 1961 to 1968, during which time he played a large role in escalating the United States involvement in the Vietnam War. Following that, he served as President of the World Bank from 1968 to 1981. McNamara was responsible for the institution of systems analysis in public policy, which developed into the discipline known today as policy analysis.
Prior to public service, McNamara was one of the "Whiz Kids" who helped rebuild Ford Motor Company after World War II, and briefly served as Ford's President before becoming Secretary of Defense.
Robert McNamara was born in San Francisco, California. His father was Robert James McNamara, sales manager of a wholesale shoe company. His mother was Clara Nell Strange McNamara. His father's family was Irish and in about 1850, following the Great Irish Famine, had emigrated to Massachusetts and later to California. He graduated from Piedmont High School in Piedmont, California in 1933 where he was president of the Rigma Lions boys club and earned the rank of Eagle Scout. He graduated from the University of California, Berkeley in 1937 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in economics with minors in mathematics and philosophy. He was a member of Phi Gamma Delta fraternity, was elected to Phi Beta Kappa his sophomore year and earned a varsity letter in crew. He was also a member of the UC Berkeley's Order of the Golden Bear which was a fellowship of students and leading faculty members formed to promote leadership within the student body. He earned an MBA from Harvard Business School in 1939.
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Robert Reich
Robert Bernard Reich ( /ˈraɪʃ/; born June 24, 1946) is an American political economist, professor, author, and political commentator. He served in the administrations of Presidents Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter and was Secretary of Labor under President Bill Clinton from 1993 to 1997.
Reich is currently Chancellor's Professor of Public Policy at the Goldman School of Public Policy at the University of California, Berkeley. He was formerly a professor at Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government and professor of social and economic policy at the Heller School for Social Policy and Management of Brandeis University. He has also been a contributing editor of The New Republic, The American Prospect (also chairman and founding editor), Harvard Business Review, The Atlantic, The New York Times, and The Wall Street Journal.
Reich is a political commentator on programs including Hardball with Chris Matthews, This Week with George Stephanopoulos, CNBC's Kudlow & Company, and APM's Marketplace. In 2008, Time Magazine named him one of the Ten Best Cabinet Members of the century, and The Wall Street Journal in 2008 placed him sixth on its list of the "Most Influential Business Thinkers". He was appointed a member of President-elect Barack Obama's economic transition advisory board.
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Robert Rubin
Robert Edward Rubin (born August 29, 1938) served as the 70th United States Secretary of the Treasury during both the first and second Clinton administrations. Before his government service, he spent 26 years at Goldman Sachs eventually serving as a member of the Board, and Co-Chairman from 1990-1992. His most prominent post-government role was as Director and Senior Counselor of Citigroup, where he performed ongoing advisory and representational roles for the firm. From November to December 2007, he served temporarily as Chairman of Citigroup and resigned from the company on January 9, 2009. He received more than $126 million in cash and stock during his tenure at Citigroup.
He is currently engaged actively as a founder of The Hamilton Project, an economic policy think tank which produces research and proposals on how to create a growing economy that benefits more Americans. He is Co-Chairman of the Council on Foreign Relations and sits on the board of the Harvard Corporation, Harvard University’s executive board. Mr. Rubin is chairman of the board of the Local Initiatives Support Corporation, the nation’s leading community development support organization, and he serves on the Board of Trustees of Mount Sinai-NYU Health. He also serves as Counselor at Centerview Partners, an investment banking advisory firm based in New York City.
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Ron Kirk
Ronald "Ron" Kirk (born June 27, 1954) is the 16th United States Trade Representative, serving in the Obama administration. He served as mayor of Dallas, Texas from 1995 to 2002; he also ran for the United States Senate in 2002.
Born in Austin, Texas, Kirk is the youngest of four children; his father was a U.S. postal worker and the family was politically active. He grew up in a predominantly black community, and attended Austin's public schools. He was a leader in high school, and was elected student council president in his senior year at John H. Reagan High School (Austin, Texas).
Kirk attended Austin College, graduating with a degree in both political science and sociology in 1976. He then went to the University of Texas School of Law. Upon receiving his Juris Doctor in 1979, he practiced law until 1981 when he left to work in the office of then-Texas Senator Lloyd Bentsen. In 1983, Kirk returned to Texas to lobby the state legislature in Austin, first as an attorney with the city of Dallas, and later with a law firm.
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Rowland Hughes
Rowland Hughes (1896–1957) was a director of the United States' Office of Management and Budget from April 16, 1954 until April 1, 1956. Hughes, known for his distinctive black eye patch, was called "the logical man" in a 1956 Time Magazine cover story.
Hughes was born in Oakhurst, New Jersey, and attended Brown University. After graduating from college in 1917 he went to work for the National City Bank of New York. For several years he was assigned to various overseas branches of the Bank, but returned to the Bank’s headquarters in New York City in 1927 where he eventually became vice president.
In April 1953 Hughes was appointed deputy director of the Bureau of the Budget. He became Director of the Bureau in April 1954 following the resignation of Joseph M. Dodge. As Director, Hughes was responsible for preparing the national budget of the U.S. government. Due to his efforts the 1956 budget produced a surplus. This was the first balanced budget of President Dwight D. Eisenhower's administration.
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Roy Ash
Roy Lawrence Ash (October 20, 1918 – December 14, 2011) was the co-founder and president of Litton Industries and director of the Office of Management and Budget (February 2, 1973 – February 3, 1975) during the administrations of U.S. Presidents [a[Richard Nixon]] and Gerald Ford.
Ash graduated from high school when he was 16, and was employed by the Bank of America as a city cash-collection messenger. Shortly after World War II began, Ash enlisted in the Army Air Corps as a private and, after a succession of promotions, became a captain in the Army Air Corps, serving in the Office of Management Control. After the war, he attended Harvard Business School, graduating with an MBA and as a Baker Scholar in 1947. After briefly working again with the Bank of America, he joined Hughes Aircraft and soon led its finance department.
In 1953 Ash and his partner, Tex Thornton, bought Litton Industries, a small West Coast producer of microwave tubes. By the time Ash became president of the company in 1961, Litton had completed 25 mergers and operated 48 plants in nine countries in an aggressive acquisition plan, with sales of $245 million. By 1965, the company had over $900 million in sales and produced 5,000 different items.
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Rudy Giuliani
Rudolph William Louis "Rudy" Giuliani ( /ˈruːdi ˌdʒuːliˈɑːni/; born May 28, 1944) is an American lawyer, businessman, and politician from New York. He served as Mayor of New York City from 1994 to 2001.
A Democrat and Independent in the 1970s, and a Republican since the 1980s, Giuliani served in the United States Attorney's Office, for the Southern District of New York, eventually becoming U.S. Attorney. He prosecuted a number of high-profile cases, including ones against organized crime and Wall Street financiers.
Giuliani served two terms as Mayor of New York City, having run on the Republican and Liberal lines. He was credited with initiating improvements and with a reduction in crime pressing the city's quality of life initiatives. He ran for the United States Senate in 2000 but withdrew due to being diagnosed with prostate cancer and revelations about his personal life. Giuliani gained international attention for his leadership during and after the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center. For those actions, he received an honorary knighthood from Queen Elizabeth II in 2002.
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Sam Farr
Samuel S. "Sam" Farr (born July 4, 1941) is the U.S. Representative for California's 17th congressional district, serving since 1993. He is a member of the Democratic Party. He was elected to Congress in a 1993 special election when longtime Democratic Rep. Leon Panetta resigned to become Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
Farr, a fifth-generation Californian, was born in San Francisco and grew up in Carmel, where he still lives. His father, Fred Farr, was a California state senator for many years. Farr was educated at Willamette University, Santa Clara University and the Monterey Institute of International Studies.
He is married to Shary and has one daughter, Jessica. He is grandfather to two: Ella and Zach.
Farr joined the Peace Corps in 1964 and served for two years as a volunteer in Colombia. He spent his time in a poor barrio near Medellin, teaching community development skills.
While he was serving in Colombia, Farr’s mother died from cancer. Following her death, his father visited with Farr’s sisters. While riding horses, one of his sisters (Nancy), was thrown and hit her head. She died on the operating table in a Colombian hospital.[citation needed]
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Shaun Donovan
Shaun L.S. Donovan (born January 24, 1966) is the United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, serving in the cabinet of President Barack Obama. Prior to this he headed the New York City Department of Housing Preservation and Development. On December 13, 2008, in his weekly national radio address, President-elect Barack Obama announced that he would appoint Donovan to his cabinet. He was confirmed by the U.S. Senate through unanimous consent on January 22, 2009 and sworn-in on January 26.
Born in New York, Donovan earned undergraduate and graduate degrees from Harvard University, graduating from Harvard College in 1987, and earning a Master of Public Administration from the John F. Kennedy School of Government and a Master of Architecture from the Graduate School of Design in 1995.
During the Clinton administration and the transition to the Bush administration, Donovan was Deputy Assistant Secretary for Multifamily Housing at HUD, and was acting FHA commissioner. He became Commissioner of the New York City Department of Housing Preservation and Development in 2004.
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Sherman Adams
Llewelyn Sherman Adams (January 8, 1899 – October 27, 1986) was an American politician, best known as White House Chief of Staff for President Dwight D. Eisenhower, the culmination of a relatively short (18-year) political career that also included a stint as Governor of New Hampshire. He lost his White House position in a scandal over a vicuña fur coat.
Born in East Dover, Vermont, Adams was educated in Providence, Rhode Island public schools, graduating from Hope High School. He received an undergraduate degree from Dartmouth College (1920), having taken time off briefly for a six-month World War I stint in the United States Marine Corps. He then went into the lumber business, first in Headville, Vermont (1921), then to a combined lumber and paper business in Lincoln, New Hampshire. He also was involved in banking.
Adams entered state politics as a Republican legislator (1941–44; Speaker of the House, 1944). He served a term in the United States House of Representatives (1945–47), making a failed effort to capture the 1946 Republican gubernatorial nomination in New Hampshire. He lost to incumbent Charles M. Dale; he later won this office in 1948.
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Sidney Souers
Sidney William Souers (March 30, 1892 - January 14, 1973) was an American admiral and intelligence expert. He held the posts of:
Rear Admiral Souers was appointed as the first Director of Central Intelligence on January 23, 1946 by President Harry S. Truman. Prior to this, as Deputy Director of Naval Intelligence, Souers had been one of the architects of the system that came into being with the President's directive. He had written the intelligence chapter of the Eberstadt Report, which advocated a unified intelligence system. Toward the end of 1945, when the competing plans for a national intelligence system were deadlocked, Souers' views had come to the attention of the President, and he seems to have played a role in breaking the impasse.[citation needed]
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Stansfield Turner
Stansfield M. Turner (born December 1, 1923) is a retired Admiral and former Director of Central Intelligence and President of the Naval War College. He is currently a senior research scholar at the University of Maryland, College Park School of Public Policy.
Following graduation from Highland Park High School, Turner attended Amherst College, entering it in 1941, and graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy with the Class of 1947 and attained a commission in the United States Navy in June, 1946 (during World War II classes were graduated in three years). He was a Rhodes Scholar at Oxford University while serving in the navy, earning a degree in Philosophy, Politics and Economics in 1950. During his naval career he served as commanding officer of the Guided Missile Cruiser USS Horne (DLG-30) [1] as well as commander in chief of NATO Southern Flank, headquartered in Naples.
Under Turner's direction, the CIA emphasized Technical intelligence (TECHINT) and Signal intelligence (SIGINT) more than Human intelligence (HUMINT). In 1979, Turner eliminated over 800 operational positions in what was called the Halloween Massacre. In a biography published in 2005, Turner expressed regret for the dismissals stating, "In retrospect, I probably should not have effected the reductions of 820 positions at all, and certainly not the last 17.” Turner gave notable testimony to Congress revealing much of the extent of the MKULTRA program, which the CIA ran from the early 1950s to late 1960s. Reform and simplification of the intelligence community's multilayered secrecy system was one of Turner's significant initiatives, but produced no results by the time he left office.
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Stephen Kappes
Stephen R. Kappes (born August 22, 1951) was the Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (DDCIA), until his resignation on April 14, 2010. He had served in the CIA since 1981, with a two-year hiatus. A career clandestine operations professional, Mr. Kappes was well known for his supervisory role in the extraordinary rendition program, a non-judicial system of rendering persons suspected of terrorism to secret locations for various controversial interrogation techniques. In 2009, Mr. Kappes was convicted in an Italian court for crimes related to a rendition. Mr. Kappes was also known for his role in persuading Libyan leader Muammar al-Gaddafi to abandon his nuclear weapons program in 2003.
Kappes earned a Bachelor of Science degree in pre-medicine from Ohio University and a Master of Science degree in pathology from Ohio State University. He served as an officer in the U.S. Marine Corps from 1976 to 1981.
Kappes joined the CIA in 1981 and has held a variety of operational and managerial assignments at CIA Headquarters and overseas, serving as assistant deputy director to former Deputy Director for Operations (DDO) James Pavitt, and later as DDO after Pavitt stepped down in August 2004. At the time of the September 11 attacks, Kappes was the associate deputy director for operations for counterintelligence.
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Steven Chu
Steven Chu (Chinese: 朱棣文; pinyin: Zhū Dìwén) is an American physicist and the 12th United States Secretary of Energy. Chu is known for his research at Bell Labs in cooling and trapping of atoms with laser light, which won him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1997, along with his scientific colleagues Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and William Daniel Phillips. At the time of his appointment as Energy Secretary, he was a professor of physics and molecular and cellular biology at the University of California, Berkeley and the director of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, where his research was concerned primarily with the study of biological systems at the single molecule level. Previously, he had been a professor of physics at Stanford University. He is a vocal advocate for more research into renewable energy and nuclear power, arguing that a shift away from fossil fuels is essential to combating climate change. For example, he has conceived of a global "glucose economy", a form of a low-carbon economy, in which glucose from tropical plants is shipped around like oil is today.
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Susan Rice
Susan Elizabeth Rice (born November 17, 1964) is an American diplomat, former think tank fellow, and civil servant. She is an American foreign policy advisor and United States Ambassador to the United Nations. Rice served on the staff of the National Security Council and as Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs during President Bill Clinton's second term. Rice was confirmed as UN Ambassador by the U.S. Senate by unanimous consent on January 22, 2009.
Rice was born in Washington, D.C. Her father, Emmett J. Rice (1919–2011), was a Cornell University economics professor and governor of the Federal Reserve System. Her mother is education policy scholar Lois Dickson Fitt, currently at the Brookings Institution. Her brother, John Rice, received an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School and is the founder of Management Leadership for Tomorrow (an organization committed to developing top minority talent for leadership roles in the business and non-profit sector). She is not related to Condoleezza Rice.
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Thomas de Maizière
Karl Ernst Thomas de Maizière (German pronunciation: [də mɛˈzi̯ɛːɐ̯]; born 21 January 1954) is a German politician (CDU), currently serving as the Minister of Defence (since 3 March 2011) in the Second Cabinet of Chancellor Angela Merkel.
A close confidant of Merkel, he served as Chief of Staff at the Chancellor's Office and Federal Minister for Special Affairs in the First Cabinet Merkel from 2005 to 2009. Prior to his appointment to the federal cabinet, he served as a cabinet minister of the state of Saxony, including as Chief of Staff, Minister of Finance and Minister of Justice. In the federal cabinet, prior to his appointment as Minister of Defence, he served as Minister of the Interior.
Thomas de Maiziere was born in Bonn to the later Inspector general of the Bundeswehr, Ulrich de Maizière. He graduated at the Aloisiuskolleg in Bonn and studied law and history at the Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität in Münster and the University of Freiburg, he passed his first state examination in law in 1979 and his second 1982, earning his doctorate of law (Dr. jur.) in 1986.
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Thomas Kuchel
Thomas Henry Kuchel (August 15, 1910 – November 21, 1994) was a moderate Republican US Senator from California. From 1959 to 1969 he was the minority whip in the Senate, where he was the co-manager on the floor for the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
Kuchel (pronounced KEEK-uhl, /ˈkiːkəl/) was born in Anaheim in Orange County, the son of Henry Kuchel, a newspaper editor and the former Letitia Bailey. Kuchel attended public school as a child. While he was at Anaheim High School, he joined the debate team. He debated a team from Whittier High School, winning his own debate against his opponent and later intraparty rival, Richard Nixon.
He graduated from the University of Southern California in 1932, and from University of Southern California Law School before he entered state government.
Kuchel served in the California State Assembly from 1937 to 1941, in the California State Senate from 1941 to 1945, and as California State Controller from 1946 to 1953. During World War II, Kuchel was a lieutenant commander in the U.S. Naval Reserves.
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Timothy Geithner
Timothy Franz Geithner ( /ˈɡaɪtnər/; born August 18, 1961) is an American economist, central banker, and civil servant. He is the 75th and current United States Secretary of the Treasury, serving under President Barack Obama. He was previously the president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
Geithner's position includes a large role in directing the Federal Government's spending on the late-2000s financial crisis, including allocation of $350 billion of funds from the Troubled Asset Relief Program enacted during the previous administration. At the end of his first year in office, he continued to deal with multiple high visibility issues, including administration efforts to restructure the regulation of the nation's financial system, attempts to spur recovery of both the mortgage market and the automobile industry, demands for protectionism, President Obama's tax changes, and negotiations with foreign governments on approaches to worldwide financial issues.
Geithner was born in Brooklyn, New York City, the son of Deborah (née Moore) and Peter Franz Geithner. His father was the director of the Asia program at the Ford Foundation in New York in the 1990s. Geithner's father is of German descent, and Geithner's paternal grandfather, Paul Herman Geithner (1902–1972), emigrated with his parents from the Thuringian town of Zeulenroda to Philadelphia in 1908. Geithner's mother, a Mayflower descendant, is from a New England family. Geithner's maternal grandfather, Charles Frederick Moore, Jr., was an adviser to President Dwight D. Eisenhower and served as Vice President of Public Relations from 1952 to 1964 for Ford Motor Company.
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Tom Vilsack
Thomas James "Tom" Vilsack (/ˈvɪlsæk/; born December 13, 1950) is an American politician, a member of the Democratic Party, and presently the U.S. Secretary of Agriculture. He served as the 40th Governor of the state of Iowa. He was first elected in 1998 and re-elected to a second four-year term in 2002. On November 30, 2006, he formally launched his candidacy for the Democratic Party's nomination for President of the United States in the 2008 election, but ended his bid on February 23, 2007.
Barack Obama announced Vilsack's selection to be the United States Secretary of Agriculture under his administration on December 17, 2008. Vilsack's nomination was confirmed by the United States Senate by unanimous consent on January 20, 2009.
Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Tom Vilsack was abandoned at birth and placed in a Roman Catholic orphanage. He was adopted in 1951 by Bud and Dolly Vilsack, who raised him in the Roman Catholic faith. His adoptive father was a real-estate agent and insurance salesman, and his adoptive mother was a homemaker.
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Vernon Jordan
Vernon Eulion Jordan, Jr. (born August 15, 1935) is an African-American lawyer, business executive and civil rights activist in the United States. A leading figure in the civil rights movement, he was chosen as a close adviser to President Bill Clinton and has become known as an influential figure in American politics.
Vernon Jordan was born in Georgia to Mary Jordan and Vernon E. Jordan Sr; he has a brother Windsor. He is the cousin of James Shaw, a musician who is professionally billed as The Mighty Hannibal.
Jordan grew up with his family in Atlanta's segregated society during the 1950s. He was an honor graduate of David Tobias Howard High School. Rejected for a summer intern's job with an insurance company because of his race after his sophomore year in college, he earned money for a few summers for college by working as a chauffeur to the former city mayor Robert Maddox, then a banker. Jordan graduated from DePauw University in Greencastle, Indiana, in 1957. He earned a law degree at Howard University School of Law in 1960. He is a member of the Omega Psi Phi and Sigma Pi Phi fraternities.
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Walter Bedell Smith
Walter Bedell "Beetle" Smith (5 October 1895 – 9 August 1961) was a senior United States Army general who served as General Dwight D. Eisenhower's chief of staff at Allied Forces Headquarters during the Tunisia Campaign and the Allied invasion of Italy. Later he was Eisenhower's chief of staff at Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) from 1944 to 1945.
Smith enlisted as a private in the Indiana National Guard in 1911. During World War I he was commissioned as an officer in 1917 and wounded in the Aisne-Marne Offensive in 1918. After the war he was a staff officer and an instructor at the United States Army Infantry School. In 1941 he became Secretary of the General Staff. The next year he became Secretary to the Combined Chiefs of Staff. His duties involved participation in discussions at the highest level, and Smith often briefed President Franklin D. Roosevelt on strategic matters.
Smith became chief of staff to Eisenhower at Allied Forces Headquarters (AFHQ) in September 1942. He acquired a reputation as Eisenhower's "hatchet man" for his brusque and demanding manner. However, he was also capable of representing Eisenhower on sensitive missions requiring diplomatic skill. Smith was involved in negotiating the Armistice between Italy and Allied armed forces, which he signed on behalf of Eisenhower. In 1944 he became Chief of Staff of Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF), again under Eisenhower. He successfully negotiated food aid for the starving Dutch civilian population in the cities in the west of the country, and opened discussions for the peaceful and complete German capitulation in Holland. In May 1945 he met with the representatives of the German High Command to negotiate the surrender of the German Armed Forces.
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Warren Christopher
Warren Minor Christopher (October 27, 1925 – March 18, 2011) was an American lawyer, diplomat and politician. During Bill Clinton's first term as President, Christopher served as the 63rd Secretary of State. He also served as Deputy Attorney General in the Lyndon Johnson Administration, and as Deputy Secretary of State in the Carter Administration. At the time of his death, he was a Senior Partner at O'Melveny & Myers in the firm's Century City, California, office. He also served as a professor in the College Honors Program at the University of California at Los Angeles. At the behest of Al Gore, Christopher oversaw the Vice President's Florida recount effort in the aftermath of the disputed United States Presidential election, 2000.
Born in Scranton, North Dakota, the son of Ernest Christopher, a bank manager, and his wife Catherine, Christopher graduated from Hollywood High School, and attended the University of Redlands, before transferring to the University of Southern California. He was a member of the college fraternity Kappa Sigma Sigma. He graduated magna cum laude from the University of Southern California in February 1945. From July 1943 to September 1946, he served in the United States Naval Reserve, with active duty as an ensign in the Pacific Theater. He attended Stanford Law School from 1946–1949, where he was the founder and President of the Stanford Law Review and was elected to the Order of the Coif.
wn.com/Warren_Christopher -
Wikipedia Persondata
wn.com/Wikipedia_Persondata -
William Cohen
William Sebastian Cohen (born August 28, 1940) is an author and American politician from the U.S. state of Maine. A Republican, Cohen served as both a member of the United States House of Representatives and Senate, and as Secretary of Defense (1997–2001) under Democratic President Bill Clinton.
Cohen was born in Bangor, Maine. His mother, Clara (née Hartley), was of Protestant Irish ancestry, and his father, Reuben Cohen, was a Russian Jewish immigrant; the two owned the Bangor Rye Bread Co.
After graduating from Bangor High School in 1958, Cohen attended Bowdoin College, graduating cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Latin in 1962.
While in high school and college, Cohen was a basketball player and was named to the Maine all-state high school and college basketball team, and at Bowdoin was inducted into the New England All-Star Hall of Fame. Cohen attended law school at the Boston University School of Law, graduating with a Bachelor of Laws degree cum laude in 1965.
After graduating from law school, Cohen earned partnership in a Bangor law firm. He became an assistant county attorney for Penobscot County (1968–1970). In 1968 he became an instructor at Husson College in Bangor, and later was an instructor in business administration at the University of Maine (1968–1972).
wn.com/William_Cohen -
William Colby
William Egan Colby (January 4, 1920 – April 27, 1996) spent a career in intelligence for the United States, culminating in holding the post of Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) from September 1973 to January 1976.
During World War II Colby served with the Office of Strategic Services. After the war he joined the newly created Central Intelligence Agency. Before and during the Vietnam War, Colby served as Chief of Station in Saigon, Chief of the CIA's Far East Division, and head of the Civil Operations and Rural Development effort, as well as overseeing the Phoenix Program. After Vietnam, Colby became Director of Central Intelligence and during his tenure, under intense pressure from the US Congress and the media, adopted a policy of relative openness about U.S. intelligence activities to the Senate Church Committee and House Pike Committee. Colby served as DCI under President Richard Nixon and President Gerald Ford and was replaced by future President George H. W. Bush on January 30, 1976.
wn.com/William_Colby -
William Perry
William James Perry (born October 11, 1927) is an American businessman and engineer who was the United States Secretary of Defense from February 3, 1994, to January 23, 1997, under President Bill Clinton. He also served as Deputy Secretary of Defense (1993–1994) and Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering (1977-1981).
Perry is currently the Michael and Barbara Berberian Professor at Stanford University, with a joint appointment in the School of Engineering. He is also a senior fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution. He is a senior fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies and serves as co-director of the Nuclear Risk Reduction initiative and the Preventive Defense Project. He is an expert in U.S. foreign policy, national security and arms control.
Former Secretary Perry also has extensive business experience and currently serves on the boards of several high-tech companies and is Chairman of Global Technology Partners. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Among Perry's numerous awards are the Presidential Medal of Freedom (1997), Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (1998) and the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun (2002), awarded by the Emperor of Japan.
wn.com/William_Perry -
William Raborn
Vice Admiral William Francis Raborn, Jr., United States Navy (June 8, 1905 - March 6, 1990) was a United States Navy officer, the leader of the project to develop the Polaris missile system, and the 7th Director of Central Intelligence as well as the 5th Director of the Central Intelligence Agency.
Born in Decatur, Texas[clarification needed] on June 8, 1905, he graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1928. During World War II he directed the Gunnery Training Section at the Bureau of Aeronautics. He also served in the Pacific on aircraft carriers: Raborn was the executive officer of the carrier USS Hancock (CV-19) when her deck was damaged by a kamikaze attack. He had the deck repaired in four hours, allowing the ship's aircraft (which had been airborne when the kamikaze struck) to land safely - for this Raborn was awarded the Silver Star. He later commanded the carriers USS Bairoko (CVE-115) and USS Bennington (CVA-20).
Raborn was a rear admiral when he was appointed, on November 8, 1955, as Director of Special Projects at the Bureau of Weapons. His task was to develop a submarine-launched ballistic missile. He reported directly to Chief of Naval Operations Admiral Arleigh Burke and the Secretary of the Navy Charles Thomas. Raborn was told the new system had to achieve interim capability by early 1963 and full capability by early 1965. The USS George Washington (SSBN-598), the first ballistic missile submarine, was commissioned December 30, 1959, fired its first test missile July 20, 1960, and departed on the Navy's first deterrent patrol on November 15, 1960. Raborn received the Distinguished Service Medal and was appointed Vice Admiral in 1960. The same year he was awarded the Collier Trophy for his work on Polaris.
wn.com/William_Raborn -
Wilton Persons
Wilton Burton "Jerry" Persons (January 19, 1896 – September 5, 1977) served as the White House Chief of Staff to President Dwight D. Eisenhower from October 7, 1958 until January 20, 1961.
Persons graduated from Auburn University in 1916. He was a career United States Army officer who had entered the U.S. Army Coast Artillery in 1917 and advanced through the ranks to major general in 1944. He had served in both the American Expeditionary Force in World War I and in Europe in World War II. He headed the office of legislative liaison for the Department of Defense between 1948 and his retirement in 1949. He retired with the rank of Major general.
Persons was called back to active duty as a special assistant to General Dwight D. Eisenhower at Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers in Europe from 1951–1952 and was active on behalf of Eisenhower's presidential campaign in 1952. He became a deputy assistant to the president in 1953 and then was made an assistant to the president in 1958. He served throughout the Eisenhower presidency, handling congressional liaison before he replaced Sherman Adams in 1958 as, effectively, Eisenhower's chief of staff.
wn.com/Wilton_Persons
Famous quotes by Leon Panetta:
"If these are baseless charges, it'll be OK. On the other hand, if there's something there, and it leads to him having to step out of office, it may be time to do some repair work and that may not have the consequences you would expect,"
"You can't slam dunk a tax cut package the size they're talking about,"
"I think the most important thing for this president to do is to focus on trying to get some things done -- limited things done -- over these next 100 days, ... If he can get education reform accomplished, if he could do something on campaign reform in a bipartisan way, then that could send a very important signal to the American people that he's going to try to get things done."
"We finally have the FDA's support, the ability to provide needed drugs to those that are suffering from cancer,"
"They feel confident that we will be able to bring the person responsible for this outrage to justice,"
"[On Thursday, when the House was scheduled to vote, Regan called Minority leader Robert Michel of Illinois and promised to support the $ 211 million jobs program for the elderly in a future bill. Administration lobbyists also passed the word that the President would not fight for his extra $ 2 billion in defense funds in a subsequent measure. With those pledges, however, Reagan undercut his argument for vetoing the measure in the first place.] Why this charade? ... Why go through this process?"
"The political and substantive reality is that the agenda has to change. I don't think they have any choice."
"None of this is being paid for,"
"You are going to be arguing about issues that we all saw Democrats paid a heavy price for in the last election. Democrats have a tremendous opportunity right now to hit Bush where he's weak, which is on oil prices and the war. Don't hit him where he's strong, which is these values issues."
"I think the bottom line is, this is one of the few BRAC rounds in history where California comes out doing very well."
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The Defense Secretary: An interview with Leon Panetta
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 13:48
- Updated: 13 Jan 2013
In a varied and accomplished government career, Leon Panetta has both balanced the budget and eliminated Osama bin Laden. Now as secretary of defense, he's fighting multiple wars, pursuing al Qaeda, and trying to keep Iran from building an atom bomb.
http://wn.com/The_Defense_Secretary_An_interview_with_Leon_Panetta
In a varied and accomplished government career, Leon Panetta has both balanced the budget and eliminated Osama bin Laden. Now as secretary of defense, he's fighting multiple wars, pursuing al Qaeda, and trying to keep Iran from building an atom bomb.
Brennan and Hagel Nominated for Key National Security Jobs
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 27:32
- Updated: 08 Jan 2013
In a press conference Jan. 7, 2012, President Barack Obama put forward his nominations for key national security positions. He announced former Republican Sen. Chuck Hagel as his choice for secretary of defense, to replace Leon Panetta, and counterterrorism adviser John Brennan to serve as CIA director.
http://wn.com/Brennan_and_Hagel_Nominated_for_Key_National_Security_Jobs
In a press conference Jan. 7, 2012, President Barack Obama put forward his nominations for key national security positions. He announced former Republican Sen. Chuck Hagel as his choice for secretary of defense, to replace Leon Panetta, and counterterrorism adviser John Brennan to serve as CIA director.
- published: 07 Jan 2013
- views: 2839
- author: PBSNewsHour
Hagel Talks About Defense Nomination
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:46
- Updated: 12 Jan 2013
Chuck Hagel speaks about his nomination as Secretary of Defense, saying he's grateful for the opportunity to advance global freedom. If confirmed by Congress, Hagel will replace Leon Panetta. Photo: Getty Images.
http://wn.com/Hagel_Talks_About_Defense_Nomination
Chuck Hagel speaks about his nomination as Secretary of Defense, saying he's grateful for the opportunity to advance global freedom. If confirmed by Congress, Hagel will replace Leon Panetta. Photo: Getty Images.
- published: 07 Jan 2013
- views: 550
- author: WSJDigitalNetwork
Obama & Leon Panetta Surrender US Sovereignty to International Law
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:31
- Updated: 12 Jan 2013
www.republictruth.com Leon Panetta Seeks International Permission for US Military Action Defense Secretary Leon Panetta appeared at a Senate Armed Services Committee congressional hearing, where he said "legal basis" was needed to initiate a no-fly zone over Syria. While we do not support action in Syria I am not sure if Leon Panetta understands the difference between international support and international legal basis.
http://wn.com/Obama_Leon_Panetta_Surrender_US_Sovereignty_to_International_Law
www.republictruth.com Leon Panetta Seeks International Permission for US Military Action Defense Secretary Leon Panetta appeared at a Senate Armed Services Committee congressional hearing, where he said "legal basis" was needed to initiate a no-fly zone over Syria. While we do not support action in Syria I am not sure if Leon Panetta understands the difference between international support and international legal basis.
- published: 10 Mar 2012
- views: 2218
- author: RepublicTruth
Hillary Clinton Leon Panetta Interview with Wolf Blitzer Brussels Belgium (April 19, 2012) [3/3]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:47
- Updated: 11 Dec 2012
Wolf Blitzer interviews Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Defense Secretary Leon Panetta at NATO headquarters in Brussels, Belgium. Thursday April 19, 2012.
http://wn.com/Hillary_Clinton_Leon_Panetta_Interview_with_Wolf_Blitzer_Brussels_Belgium_April_19,_2012_3_3_
Wolf Blitzer interviews Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Defense Secretary Leon Panetta at NATO headquarters in Brussels, Belgium. Thursday April 19, 2012.
- published: 20 Apr 2012
- views: 1477
- author: AbsolutelyDefinite
ARREST Leon Panetta
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 34:11
- Updated: 13 Jan 2013
Panetta believes that he can take our country to war without approval from Congress. This was recently proved before a congressional hearing about Syria. Digging into the past of this man should really not surprise anyone. The Obama Admin is filled with radical Wall Street funded revolutionaries who are working to destroy the Republic. Panetta MUST be arrested for high crimes and treason against the Republic! Call you local congressman and urge them to act now: Capitol Switchboard: (202) 224-3121 CALLL NOW!!! and ask for your member of Congress. Leave them a message and let them know you will not stand for Panetta and Obama to take our country to war for the globalist vermin! Leon Panetta, ex CIA Director, and now Secretary of Defense is a Socialist with direct ties to the United Nations and George Soros. Before his appointment as CIA Director, Panetta co-chaired the Joint Ocean Commission Initiative which partnered with Citizens for Global Solutions {CGS} to push for the United States to ratify the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The treaty defines the rights and responsibilities of nations in their use of the world's oceans, establishing guidelines for businesses, the environment and the management of marine natural resources. Partner in Crime, Citizens for Global Solutions {CGS} promotes world government. Their parent organization, the World Federalist Movement, promotes democratized global institutions with plenary constitutional power [world ...
http://wn.com/ARREST_Leon_Panetta
Panetta believes that he can take our country to war without approval from Congress. This was recently proved before a congressional hearing about Syria. Digging into the past of this man should really not surprise anyone. The Obama Admin is filled with radical Wall Street funded revolutionaries who are working to destroy the Republic. Panetta MUST be arrested for high crimes and treason against the Republic! Call you local congressman and urge them to act now: Capitol Switchboard: (202) 224-3121 CALLL NOW!!! and ask for your member of Congress. Leave them a message and let them know you will not stand for Panetta and Obama to take our country to war for the globalist vermin! Leon Panetta, ex CIA Director, and now Secretary of Defense is a Socialist with direct ties to the United Nations and George Soros. Before his appointment as CIA Director, Panetta co-chaired the Joint Ocean Commission Initiative which partnered with Citizens for Global Solutions {CGS} to push for the United States to ratify the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The treaty defines the rights and responsibilities of nations in their use of the world's oceans, establishing guidelines for businesses, the environment and the management of marine natural resources. Partner in Crime, Citizens for Global Solutions {CGS} promotes world government. Their parent organization, the World Federalist Movement, promotes democratized global institutions with plenary constitutional power [world ...
- published: 14 Mar 2012
- views: 6951
- author: Fabian4Liberty
SERIOUS Cyber-attacks IMMINENT Warns LEON PANETTA. A Cyber PEARL HARBOUR Or Cyber 9/11
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:49
- Updated: 23 Nov 2012
SERIOUS Cyber-attacks IMMINENT Warns LEON PANETTA. A Cyber PEARL HARBOUR Or Cyber 9/11 Cyber-attacks could inflict as much damage on the US as the physical attacks on 11 September 2001, the US defence secretary has warned. Leon Panetta said the country was preparing to take pre-emptive action if a serious cyber-attack was imminent. He said US intelligence showed "foreign actors" were targeting control systems for utilities, industry and transport. Advanced tools were being created to subvert key computer control systems and wreak havoc, said Mr Panetta. "An aggressor nation or extremist group could gain control of critical switches and derail passenger trains, or trains loaded with lethal chemicals," said Mr Panetta in a speech to business leaders held on the USS Intrepid - a former aircraft carrier that is now a museum. "They could contaminate the water supply in major cities, or shut down the power grid across large parts of the country. "Such a destructive cyber-terrorist attack could paralyse the nation and create a profound new sense of vulnerability," he said. Smaller scale cyber-attacks were now commonplace, said Mr Panetta. Cyber-attacks could inflict as much damage as 9/11. warned the US defense secretary In recent weeks, many large US firms had suffered attacks that had involved them being bombarded with huge amounts of data, he said. In addition, oil companies in Qatar and Saudi Arabia had been hit by the Shamoon attack, which had tried to replace computer data ...
http://wn.com/SERIOUS_Cyber-attacks_IMMINENT_Warns_LEON_PANETTA_A_Cyber_PEARL_HARBOUR_Or_Cyber_9_11
SERIOUS Cyber-attacks IMMINENT Warns LEON PANETTA. A Cyber PEARL HARBOUR Or Cyber 9/11 Cyber-attacks could inflict as much damage on the US as the physical attacks on 11 September 2001, the US defence secretary has warned. Leon Panetta said the country was preparing to take pre-emptive action if a serious cyber-attack was imminent. He said US intelligence showed "foreign actors" were targeting control systems for utilities, industry and transport. Advanced tools were being created to subvert key computer control systems and wreak havoc, said Mr Panetta. "An aggressor nation or extremist group could gain control of critical switches and derail passenger trains, or trains loaded with lethal chemicals," said Mr Panetta in a speech to business leaders held on the USS Intrepid - a former aircraft carrier that is now a museum. "They could contaminate the water supply in major cities, or shut down the power grid across large parts of the country. "Such a destructive cyber-terrorist attack could paralyse the nation and create a profound new sense of vulnerability," he said. Smaller scale cyber-attacks were now commonplace, said Mr Panetta. Cyber-attacks could inflict as much damage as 9/11. warned the US defense secretary In recent weeks, many large US firms had suffered attacks that had involved them being bombarded with huge amounts of data, he said. In addition, oil companies in Qatar and Saudi Arabia had been hit by the Shamoon attack, which had tried to replace computer data ...
- published: 12 Oct 2012
- views: 935
- author: Conspirafied0
Obama Admin Cites 'Int'l Permission,' Not Congress, As 'Legal Basis' For Action In Syria
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:31
- Updated: 11 Jan 2013
WASHINGTON, March 7—Under question from Sen. Sessions at a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing today, Defense Secretary Leon Panetta and Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Gen. Martin Dempsey indicated that "international permission," rather than Congressional approval, provided a 'legal basis' for military action by the United States.
http://wn.com/Obama_Admin_Cites_'Int'l_Permission,'_Not_Congress,_As_'Legal_Basis'_For_Action_In_Syria
WASHINGTON, March 7—Under question from Sen. Sessions at a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing today, Defense Secretary Leon Panetta and Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Gen. Martin Dempsey indicated that "international permission," rather than Congressional approval, provided a 'legal basis' for military action by the United States.
- published: 07 Mar 2012
- views: 460045
- author: SenatorSessions
Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta and Minister Kim Kwan Jin: Joint Media Availability
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 25:00
- Updated: 15 Nov 2012
Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta and Minister Kim Kwan Jin, the Republic of Korea's Minister of National Defense hold a joint media availability with the Pentagon Press Corps. Also available in high definition. www.dvidshub.net
http://wn.com/Secretary_of_Defense_Leon_Panetta_and_Minister_Kim_Kwan_Jin_Joint_Media_Availability
Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta and Minister Kim Kwan Jin, the Republic of Korea's Minister of National Defense hold a joint media availability with the Pentagon Press Corps. Also available in high definition. www.dvidshub.net
- published: 24 Oct 2012
- views: 352
- author: ThePentagonChannel
Leon Panetta: The US Rebalance Towards the Asia-Pacific
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 39:13
- Updated: 31 Jul 2012
US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta gave a major policy speech on the so called 'US pivot to Asia' at the First PLenary Session of the IISS Shangri-La Diaolgue in Singapore on Saturday 01 July 2012.
http://wn.com/Leon_Panetta_The_US_Rebalance_Towards_the_Asia-Pacific
US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta gave a major policy speech on the so called 'US pivot to Asia' at the First PLenary Session of the IISS Shangri-La Diaolgue in Singapore on Saturday 01 July 2012.
- published: 02 Jun 2012
- views: 3053
- author: IISSorg
Trevor Louden afternoon speech at the 2012 Gathering of the Eagles
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 24:15
- Updated: 05 Nov 2012
Trevor Loudon addressing an enthusiastic crowd at the 2012 Gathering of the Eagles crowd event in Turner, OR. Trevor is a libertarian activist and political researcher from Christchurch, New Zealand and is founder and editor of KeyWiki.org, a rapidly growing website with the goal of unlocking the covert side of US and Global politics. He is the author of "Barack Obama and the Enemies Within". "Trevor Loudon does the job that few in the media ever even attempt. This eye-opening book is proof that one person really can make a difference, especially when they have no agenda other than finding the truth." ~ Glenn Beck, #1 New York Times Bestselling Author and Founder of GBTV.
http://wn.com/Trevor_Louden_afternoon_speech_at_the_2012_Gathering_of_the_Eagles
Trevor Loudon addressing an enthusiastic crowd at the 2012 Gathering of the Eagles crowd event in Turner, OR. Trevor is a libertarian activist and political researcher from Christchurch, New Zealand and is founder and editor of KeyWiki.org, a rapidly growing website with the goal of unlocking the covert side of US and Global politics. He is the author of "Barack Obama and the Enemies Within". "Trevor Loudon does the job that few in the media ever even attempt. This eye-opening book is proof that one person really can make a difference, especially when they have no agenda other than finding the truth." ~ Glenn Beck, #1 New York Times Bestselling Author and Founder of GBTV.
- published: 28 Aug 2012
- views: 2263
- author: Ames Eagles
Leon Panetta And The North American Union, One World Government Agenda
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:58
- Updated: 19 Nov 2012
A rcoones video | Mirrored From- mranthonyjhilder More from the home of Agenda 21 in California. Gary Arnold explains more relationships in the political arena forming around those who want North American Union and a One World Government system. Gary visits some of the landmarks of Santa Cruz California and tells us some of the facts behind them as meeting places for people pushing the North American Union/One World Government agenda. These are everyday places you may have never suspected. For More Information On The Latest Advancements Of The North American Union Agenda- www.NAUNEWZ.org
http://wn.com/Leon_Panetta_And_The_North_American_Union,_One_World_Government_Agenda
A rcoones video | Mirrored From- mranthonyjhilder More from the home of Agenda 21 in California. Gary Arnold explains more relationships in the political arena forming around those who want North American Union and a One World Government system. Gary visits some of the landmarks of Santa Cruz California and tells us some of the facts behind them as meeting places for people pushing the North American Union/One World Government agenda. These are everyday places you may have never suspected. For More Information On The Latest Advancements Of The North American Union Agenda- www.NAUNEWZ.org
- published: 23 Sep 2012
- views: 445
- author: NAUresistance
Terrorist Will NOT Win Here In Afghanistan! Defense Secretary Leon Panetta Interview
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 19:53
- Updated: 19 Dec 2012
December 13, 2012 CNN MOXNews.com
http://wn.com/Terrorist_Will_NOT_Win_Here_In_Afghanistan!_Defense_Secretary_Leon_Panetta_Interview
FOX Addresses Growing Controversy Over Admin's Claims Of Legal Basis For Military Action
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:58
- Updated: 13 Nov 2012
WASHINGTON, March 7—On "America Live" today, Megyn Kelly and Fox News Legal Analyst Peter Johnson Jr. addressed an exchange yesterday between Sen. Sessions and Defense Secretary Leon Panetta during which the secretary remarkably claimed that "our goal would be to seek international permission... Whether or not we would want to get permission from the Congress—I think those are issues we would have to discuss as we decide what to do here."
http://wn.com/FOX_Addresses_Growing_Controversy_Over_Admin's_Claims_Of_Legal_Basis_For_Military_Action
WASHINGTON, March 7—On "America Live" today, Megyn Kelly and Fox News Legal Analyst Peter Johnson Jr. addressed an exchange yesterday between Sen. Sessions and Defense Secretary Leon Panetta during which the secretary remarkably claimed that "our goal would be to seek international permission... Whether or not we would want to get permission from the Congress—I think those are issues we would have to discuss as we decide what to do here."
- published: 08 Mar 2012
- views: 7378
- author: SenatorSessions
US Troops land at JORDAN / SYRIA border - Leon Panetta. SITUATION TO ESCALATE
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:48
- Updated: 12 Oct 2012
US TROOPS Touchdown on Jordan / Syria Border. Sets Stage for SYRIA WAR Escalation US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta has confirmed that US troops have been dispatched to the Jordan-Syrian border to help bolster the former's military capabilities in case violence escalates in the volatile...
http://wn.com/US_Troops_land_at_JORDAN_SYRIA_border_Leon_Panetta_SITUATION_TO_ESCALATE
US TROOPS Touchdown on Jordan / Syria Border. Sets Stage for SYRIA WAR Escalation US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta has confirmed that US troops have been dispatched to the Jordan-Syrian border to help bolster the former's military capabilities in case violence escalates in the volatile...
- published: 12 Oct 2012
- views: 373
- author: MrWoodworksfilms
GBTV: Muslim Brotherhood PART 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:33
- Updated: 02 Jan 2013
Glenn and a panel of experts discuss the revolution being led by Islamic Extremists abroad and in America GBTV - web.gbtv.com
http://wn.com/GBTV_Muslim_Brotherhood_PART_1
Glenn and a panel of experts discuss the revolution being led by Islamic Extremists abroad and in America GBTV - web.gbtv.com
- published: 04 Aug 2012
- views: 2138
- author: ThomasPaine3
BREITBART Murdered? Defense Secretary Leon Panetta to Attack Iran
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 90:24
- Updated: 13 Jan 2013
In today's radio show, Christopher talks about the Andrew Breitbart conspiracy as well as a recently publicly released statement by Defense Secretary Leon Panetta to strike Iran. www.greenewave.com twitter.com To Donate: www.paypal.com
http://wn.com/BREITBART_Murdered?_Defense_Secretary_Leon_Panetta_to_Attack_Iran
In today's radio show, Christopher talks about the Andrew Breitbart conspiracy as well as a recently publicly released statement by Defense Secretary Leon Panetta to strike Iran. www.greenewave.com twitter.com To Donate: www.paypal.com
- published: 10 Mar 2012
- views: 5166
- author: cgreene34
Portman Questions Panetta on Future of Joint Strike Fighter Program at Nomination Hearing Today
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:56
- Updated: 27 Feb 2012
Portman Questions Panetta on Future of Joint Strike Fighter Program at Nomination Hearing Today
http://wn.com/Portman_Questions_Panetta_on_Future_of_Joint_Strike_Fighter_Program_at_Nomination_Hearing_Today
Portman Questions Panetta on Future of Joint Strike Fighter Program at Nomination Hearing Today
- published: 09 Jun 2011
- views: 886
- author: SenRobPortman
Marines Disarmed In Afghanistan For Leon Panetta Visit
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:25
- Updated: 25 Jun 2012
VR To - Panetta Disarms Marines In Afghanistan By TheShowmebby www.youtube.com Marines In Theater Ordered To Disarm By MOXNEWSd0tCOM www.youtube.com Disarmed Marines Look Pissed By TheSONSOFLIBERTYMC www.youtube.com Story In Print (MSNBC) worldnews.msnbc.msn.com Also See - US Marines Ordered To Disarm? WTF? By Stoney65100 www.youtube.com Moral Collapse By Crabbydogtrix www.youtube.com ----------------------------------------------------------------------- My Links Backup YouTube Channel Subscribe To Keep In Touch youtube.com Follow Me On Twitter For Breaking News / New Uploads / Live Show Alerts twitter.com Follow Me On Facebook Page Repeats Twitter Feed Above facebook.com --- US Scancast Website --- US Scancast Nationwide Scanner Network Live Nationwide Scanner Audio And Chat 24/7 Scancast.webs.com
http://wn.com/Marines_Disarmed_In_Afghanistan_For_Leon_Panetta_Visit
VR To - Panetta Disarms Marines In Afghanistan By TheShowmebby www.youtube.com Marines In Theater Ordered To Disarm By MOXNEWSd0tCOM www.youtube.com Disarmed Marines Look Pissed By TheSONSOFLIBERTYMC www.youtube.com Story In Print (MSNBC) worldnews.msnbc.msn.com Also See - US Marines Ordered To Disarm? WTF? By Stoney65100 www.youtube.com Moral Collapse By Crabbydogtrix www.youtube.com ----------------------------------------------------------------------- My Links Backup YouTube Channel Subscribe To Keep In Touch youtube.com Follow Me On Twitter For Breaking News / New Uploads / Live Show Alerts twitter.com Follow Me On Facebook Page Repeats Twitter Feed Above facebook.com --- US Scancast Website --- US Scancast Nationwide Scanner Network Live Nationwide Scanner Audio And Chat 24/7 Scancast.webs.com
- published: 15 Mar 2012
- views: 2850
- author: MaKaElectric
HIGH ACTS OF TREASON! ARREST LEON PANETTA AND OBAMA NOW!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:59
- Updated: 22 Dec 2012
Watch here for full video: www.youtube.com Specifically 4:40 and on. The powers of government were specifically divided by our forefathers so that nobody could be more powerful than the other or turn the country into a dictatorship. Congress, which is the Legislative Branch, has the EXCLUSIVE right to declare war, NOT the executive or judicial branches, yet alone a foreign power like the UN. Article 1, Section 8, Clause 8 of the United States Constitution, also known as the War Powers act says that "The Congress shall have power to lay to declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water;". Source: www.law.cornell.edu President Obama has repeatedly caused acts of treason. Other examples can be found here: (11th Amendment violation) www.youtube.com (1st Amendment violation) www.youtube.com What can we do about this? Should we call our Senators and Representatives? Look what North Carolina Congressman Walter Jones proposed: thomas.loc.gov IMPEACH OBAMA, BIDEN, PANETTA AND ANYONE ELSE WHO HAS SOLD OUT TO THE CONSTITUTION. THEY ARE TRAITORS AND SHOULD BE ARRESTED!
http://wn.com/HIGH_ACTS_OF_TREASON!_ARREST_LEON_PANETTA_AND_OBAMA_NOW!
Watch here for full video: www.youtube.com Specifically 4:40 and on. The powers of government were specifically divided by our forefathers so that nobody could be more powerful than the other or turn the country into a dictatorship. Congress, which is the Legislative Branch, has the EXCLUSIVE right to declare war, NOT the executive or judicial branches, yet alone a foreign power like the UN. Article 1, Section 8, Clause 8 of the United States Constitution, also known as the War Powers act says that "The Congress shall have power to lay to declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water;". Source: www.law.cornell.edu President Obama has repeatedly caused acts of treason. Other examples can be found here: (11th Amendment violation) www.youtube.com (1st Amendment violation) www.youtube.com What can we do about this? Should we call our Senators and Representatives? Look what North Carolina Congressman Walter Jones proposed: thomas.loc.gov IMPEACH OBAMA, BIDEN, PANETTA AND ANYONE ELSE WHO HAS SOLD OUT TO THE CONSTITUTION. THEY ARE TRAITORS AND SHOULD BE ARRESTED!
- published: 10 Mar 2012
- views: 1407
- author: BreezyDaSwagMan
Vietnam Welcome Ceremony for Leon Panetta
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:38
- Updated: 07 Nov 2012
Vietnamese military leaders welcomed US Defense Secretary Leon Panetta to Hanoi in a June 4, 2012, ceremony filled with pomp and circumstance. This video includes scenes from the ceremony, as well as the exchange of Vietnam War artifacts. For more, check out this article: militarytimes.com
http://wn.com/Vietnam_Welcome_Ceremony_for_Leon_Panetta
Vietnamese military leaders welcomed US Defense Secretary Leon Panetta to Hanoi in a June 4, 2012, ceremony filled with pomp and circumstance. This video includes scenes from the ceremony, as well as the exchange of Vietnam War artifacts. For more, check out this article: militarytimes.com
- published: 05 Jun 2012
- views: 1181
- author: Marcus Weisgerber
Secretary of Defense Leon E. Panetta Army Gen. Martin E. Dempsey
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:22
- Updated: 12 May 2012
http://wn.com/Secretary_of_Defense_Leon_E_Panetta_Army_Gen_Martin_E_Dempsey
Panetta comments on US rescue of Iranian ship held by pirates
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:09
- Updated: 20 Nov 2012
Defense Secretary Leon Panetta and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Martin Dempsey explained why the US Navy rescued an Iranian ship held hostage by pirates. Bob Schieffer's full interview airs this Sunday.
http://wn.com/Panetta_comments_on_US_rescue_of_Iranian_ship_held_by_pirates
Defense Secretary Leon Panetta and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Martin Dempsey explained why the US Navy rescued an Iranian ship held hostage by pirates. Bob Schieffer's full interview airs this Sunday.
- published: 06 Jan 2012
- views: 793
- author: CBS
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The Defense Secretary: An interview with Leon Panetta
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 13:48
- Updated: 13 Jan 2013
In a varied and accomplished government career, Leon Panetta has both balanced the budget and eliminated Osama bin Laden. Now as secretary of defense, he's fighting multiple wars, pursuing al Qaeda, and trying to keep Iran from building an atom bomb.
http://wn.com/The_Defense_Secretary_An_interview_with_Leon_Panetta
In a varied and accomplished government career, Leon Panetta has both balanced the budget and eliminated Osama bin Laden. Now as secretary of defense, he's fighting multiple wars, pursuing al Qaeda, and trying to keep Iran from building an atom bomb.
- published: 29 Jan 2012
- views: 9110
- author: CBSNewsOnline
Interview With Leon Panetta
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 24:40
- Updated: 16 Dec 2012
CIA Director Leon Panetta sits down with ABC's Jake Tapper on "This Week." For more, click here: abcnews.go.com
http://wn.com/Interview_With_Leon_Panetta
CIA Director Leon Panetta sits down with ABC's Jake Tapper on "This Week." For more, click here: abcnews.go.com
- published: 27 Jun 2010
- views: 7594
- author: ABCNews
Hillary Clinton Leon Panetta Interview with Wolf Blitzer Brussels Belgium (April 19, 2012) [3/3]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:47
- Updated: 11 Dec 2012
Wolf Blitzer interviews Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Defense Secretary Leon Panetta at NATO headquarters in Brussels, Belgium. Thursday April 19, 2012.
http://wn.com/Hillary_Clinton_Leon_Panetta_Interview_with_Wolf_Blitzer_Brussels_Belgium_April_19,_2012_3_3_
Wolf Blitzer interviews Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Defense Secretary Leon Panetta at NATO headquarters in Brussels, Belgium. Thursday April 19, 2012.
- published: 20 Apr 2012
- views: 1477
- author: AbsolutelyDefinite
Brennan and Hagel Nominated for Key National Security Jobs
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 27:32
- Updated: 08 Jan 2013
In a press conference Jan. 7, 2012, President Barack Obama put forward his nominations for key national security positions. He announced former Republican Sen. Chuck Hagel as his choice for secretary of defense, to replace Leon Panetta, and counterterrorism adviser John Brennan to serve as CIA director.
http://wn.com/Brennan_and_Hagel_Nominated_for_Key_National_Security_Jobs
In a press conference Jan. 7, 2012, President Barack Obama put forward his nominations for key national security positions. He announced former Republican Sen. Chuck Hagel as his choice for secretary of defense, to replace Leon Panetta, and counterterrorism adviser John Brennan to serve as CIA director.
- published: 07 Jan 2013
- views: 2859
- author: PBSNewsHour
Obama & Leon Panetta Surrender US Sovereignty to International Law
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:31
- Updated: 12 Jan 2013
www.republictruth.com Leon Panetta Seeks International Permission for US Military Action Defense Secretary Leon Panetta appeared at a Senate Armed Services Committee congressional hearing, where he said "legal basis" was needed to initiate a no-fly zone over Syria. While we do not support action in Syria I am not sure if Leon Panetta understands the difference between international support and international legal basis.
http://wn.com/Obama_Leon_Panetta_Surrender_US_Sovereignty_to_International_Law
www.republictruth.com Leon Panetta Seeks International Permission for US Military Action Defense Secretary Leon Panetta appeared at a Senate Armed Services Committee congressional hearing, where he said "legal basis" was needed to initiate a no-fly zone over Syria. While we do not support action in Syria I am not sure if Leon Panetta understands the difference between international support and international legal basis.
- published: 10 Mar 2012
- views: 2218
- author: RepublicTruth
Leon Panetta : The killing of Osama bin Laden and how we did it
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:58
- Updated: 29 Dec 2012
During an interview with NBC's Brian Williams, CIA Director Leon Panetta describes the process which led to the death of Osama bin Laden. Panetta admits that waterboarding was used to attain the information needed to plan the mission. Panetta also reveals that the Obama administration intends to release a photograph of Osama's body as proof of the mission.
http://wn.com/Leon_Panetta_The_killing_of_Osama_bin_Laden_and_how_we_did_it
During an interview with NBC's Brian Williams, CIA Director Leon Panetta describes the process which led to the death of Osama bin Laden. Panetta admits that waterboarding was used to attain the information needed to plan the mission. Panetta also reveals that the Obama administration intends to release a photograph of Osama's body as proof of the mission.
- published: 04 May 2011
- views: 7518
- author: Nelsak
ARREST Leon Panetta
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 34:11
- Updated: 13 Jan 2013
Panetta believes that he can take our country to war without approval from Congress. This was recently proved before a congressional hearing about Syria. Digging into the past of this man should really not surprise anyone. The Obama Admin is filled with radical Wall Street funded revolutionaries who are working to destroy the Republic. Panetta MUST be arrested for high crimes and treason against the Republic! Call you local congressman and urge them to act now: Capitol Switchboard: (202) 224-3121 CALLL NOW!!! and ask for your member of Congress. Leave them a message and let them know you will not stand for Panetta and Obama to take our country to war for the globalist vermin! Leon Panetta, ex CIA Director, and now Secretary of Defense is a Socialist with direct ties to the United Nations and George Soros. Before his appointment as CIA Director, Panetta co-chaired the Joint Ocean Commission Initiative which partnered with Citizens for Global Solutions {CGS} to push for the United States to ratify the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The treaty defines the rights and responsibilities of nations in their use of the world's oceans, establishing guidelines for businesses, the environment and the management of marine natural resources. Partner in Crime, Citizens for Global Solutions {CGS} promotes world government. Their parent organization, the World Federalist Movement, promotes democratized global institutions with plenary constitutional power [world ...
http://wn.com/ARREST_Leon_Panetta
Panetta believes that he can take our country to war without approval from Congress. This was recently proved before a congressional hearing about Syria. Digging into the past of this man should really not surprise anyone. The Obama Admin is filled with radical Wall Street funded revolutionaries who are working to destroy the Republic. Panetta MUST be arrested for high crimes and treason against the Republic! Call you local congressman and urge them to act now: Capitol Switchboard: (202) 224-3121 CALLL NOW!!! and ask for your member of Congress. Leave them a message and let them know you will not stand for Panetta and Obama to take our country to war for the globalist vermin! Leon Panetta, ex CIA Director, and now Secretary of Defense is a Socialist with direct ties to the United Nations and George Soros. Before his appointment as CIA Director, Panetta co-chaired the Joint Ocean Commission Initiative which partnered with Citizens for Global Solutions {CGS} to push for the United States to ratify the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The treaty defines the rights and responsibilities of nations in their use of the world's oceans, establishing guidelines for businesses, the environment and the management of marine natural resources. Partner in Crime, Citizens for Global Solutions {CGS} promotes world government. Their parent organization, the World Federalist Movement, promotes democratized global institutions with plenary constitutional power [world ...
- published: 14 Mar 2012
- views: 6951
- author: Fabian4Liberty
![Hillary Clinton Leon Panetta Interview with Wolf Blitzer Brussels Belgium (April 19, 2012) [2/3]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130116083956im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/-3_cvOgfq6A/default.jpg "Hillary Clinton Leon Panetta Interview with Wolf Blitzer Brussels Belgium (April 19, 2012) [2/3]")
Hillary Clinton Leon Panetta Interview with Wolf Blitzer Brussels Belgium (April 19, 2012) [2/3]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:17
- Updated: 02 Jan 2013
Wolf Blitzer interviews Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Defense Secretary Leon Panetta at NATO headquarters in Brussels, Belgium. Thursday April 19, 2012.
http://wn.com/Hillary_Clinton_Leon_Panetta_Interview_with_Wolf_Blitzer_Brussels_Belgium_April_19,_2012_2_3_
Wolf Blitzer interviews Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Defense Secretary Leon Panetta at NATO headquarters in Brussels, Belgium. Thursday April 19, 2012.
- published: 20 Apr 2012
- views: 599
- author: AbsolutelyDefinite
Obama Admin Cites 'Int'l Permission,' Not Congress, As 'Legal Basis' For Action In Syria
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:31
- Updated: 11 Jan 2013
WASHINGTON, March 7—Under question from Sen. Sessions at a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing today, Defense Secretary Leon Panetta and Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Gen. Martin Dempsey indicated that "international permission," rather than Congressional approval, provided a 'legal basis' for military action by the United States.
http://wn.com/Obama_Admin_Cites_'Int'l_Permission,'_Not_Congress,_As_'Legal_Basis'_For_Action_In_Syria
WASHINGTON, March 7—Under question from Sen. Sessions at a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing today, Defense Secretary Leon Panetta and Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Gen. Martin Dempsey indicated that "international permission," rather than Congressional approval, provided a 'legal basis' for military action by the United States.
- published: 07 Mar 2012
- views: 460098
- author: SenatorSessions
SERIOUS Cyber-attacks IMMINENT Warns LEON PANETTA. A Cyber PEARL HARBOUR Or Cyber 9/11
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:49
- Updated: 23 Nov 2012
SERIOUS Cyber-attacks IMMINENT Warns LEON PANETTA. A Cyber PEARL HARBOUR Or Cyber 9/11 Cyber-attacks could inflict as much damage on the US as the physical attacks on 11 September 2001, the US defence secretary has warned. Leon Panetta said the country was preparing to take pre-emptive action if a serious cyber-attack was imminent. He said US intelligence showed "foreign actors" were targeting control systems for utilities, industry and transport. Advanced tools were being created to subvert key computer control systems and wreak havoc, said Mr Panetta. "An aggressor nation or extremist group could gain control of critical switches and derail passenger trains, or trains loaded with lethal chemicals," said Mr Panetta in a speech to business leaders held on the USS Intrepid - a former aircraft carrier that is now a museum. "They could contaminate the water supply in major cities, or shut down the power grid across large parts of the country. "Such a destructive cyber-terrorist attack could paralyse the nation and create a profound new sense of vulnerability," he said. Smaller scale cyber-attacks were now commonplace, said Mr Panetta. Cyber-attacks could inflict as much damage as 9/11. warned the US defense secretary In recent weeks, many large US firms had suffered attacks that had involved them being bombarded with huge amounts of data, he said. In addition, oil companies in Qatar and Saudi Arabia had been hit by the Shamoon attack, which had tried to replace computer data ...
http://wn.com/SERIOUS_Cyber-attacks_IMMINENT_Warns_LEON_PANETTA_A_Cyber_PEARL_HARBOUR_Or_Cyber_9_11
SERIOUS Cyber-attacks IMMINENT Warns LEON PANETTA. A Cyber PEARL HARBOUR Or Cyber 9/11 Cyber-attacks could inflict as much damage on the US as the physical attacks on 11 September 2001, the US defence secretary has warned. Leon Panetta said the country was preparing to take pre-emptive action if a serious cyber-attack was imminent. He said US intelligence showed "foreign actors" were targeting control systems for utilities, industry and transport. Advanced tools were being created to subvert key computer control systems and wreak havoc, said Mr Panetta. "An aggressor nation or extremist group could gain control of critical switches and derail passenger trains, or trains loaded with lethal chemicals," said Mr Panetta in a speech to business leaders held on the USS Intrepid - a former aircraft carrier that is now a museum. "They could contaminate the water supply in major cities, or shut down the power grid across large parts of the country. "Such a destructive cyber-terrorist attack could paralyse the nation and create a profound new sense of vulnerability," he said. Smaller scale cyber-attacks were now commonplace, said Mr Panetta. Cyber-attacks could inflict as much damage as 9/11. warned the US defense secretary In recent weeks, many large US firms had suffered attacks that had involved them being bombarded with huge amounts of data, he said. In addition, oil companies in Qatar and Saudi Arabia had been hit by the Shamoon attack, which had tried to replace computer data ...
- published: 12 Oct 2012
- views: 944
- author: Conspirafied0
Leon Panetta: The US Rebalance Towards the Asia-Pacific
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 39:13
- Updated: 31 Jul 2012
US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta gave a major policy speech on the so called 'US pivot to Asia' at the First PLenary Session of the IISS Shangri-La Diaolgue in Singapore on Saturday 01 July 2012.
http://wn.com/Leon_Panetta_The_US_Rebalance_Towards_the_Asia-Pacific
US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta gave a major policy speech on the so called 'US pivot to Asia' at the First PLenary Session of the IISS Shangri-La Diaolgue in Singapore on Saturday 01 July 2012.
- published: 02 Jun 2012
- views: 3056
- author: IISSorg
Interview with Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 69:34
- Updated: 03 Jan 2013
This is the FULL Interview, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta participate in a discussion and answer questions from the audience about various current events in the US government and it's administration.
http://wn.com/Interview_with_Secretary_of_State_Hillary_Clinton_and_Secretary_of_Defense_Leon_Panetta
This is the FULL Interview, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta participate in a discussion and answer questions from the audience about various current events in the US government and it's administration.
- published: 18 Aug 2011
- views: 23046
- author: 3rdID8487
Terrorist Will NOT Win Here In Afghanistan! Defense Secretary Leon Panetta Interview
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 19:53
- Updated: 14 Jan 2013
December 13, 2012 CNN MOXNews.com
http://wn.com/Terrorist_Will_NOT_Win_Here_In_Afghanistan!_Defense_Secretary_Leon_Panetta_Interview
Conversations with History: Leon Panetta
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 60:01
- Updated: 14 Jan 2013
In this episode, former Congressman Leon Panetta joins UC Berkeley's Harry Kreisler to talk about the interplay of principles and leadership in the making of public policy. Series: Conversations with History [Public Affairs] [Humanities] [Show ID: 7133]
http://wn.com/Conversations_with_History_Leon_Panetta
In this episode, former Congressman Leon Panetta joins UC Berkeley's Harry Kreisler to talk about the interplay of principles and leadership in the making of public policy. Series: Conversations with History [Public Affairs] [Humanities] [Show ID: 7133]
- published: 12 Jun 2008
- views: 4128
- author: UCtelevision
Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta and Minister Kim Kwan Jin: Joint Media Availability
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 25:00
- Updated: 15 Nov 2012
Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta and Minister Kim Kwan Jin, the Republic of Korea's Minister of National Defense hold a joint media availability with the Pentagon Press Corps. Also available in high definition. www.dvidshub.net
http://wn.com/Secretary_of_Defense_Leon_Panetta_and_Minister_Kim_Kwan_Jin_Joint_Media_Availability
Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta and Minister Kim Kwan Jin, the Republic of Korea's Minister of National Defense hold a joint media availability with the Pentagon Press Corps. Also available in high definition. www.dvidshub.net
- published: 24 Oct 2012
- views: 356
- author: ThePentagonChannel
BREITBART Murdered? Defense Secretary Leon Panetta to Attack Iran
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 90:24
- Updated: 13 Jan 2013
In today's radio show, Christopher talks about the Andrew Breitbart conspiracy as well as a recently publicly released statement by Defense Secretary Leon Panetta to strike Iran. www.greenewave.com twitter.com To Donate: www.paypal.com
http://wn.com/BREITBART_Murdered?_Defense_Secretary_Leon_Panetta_to_Attack_Iran
In today's radio show, Christopher talks about the Andrew Breitbart conspiracy as well as a recently publicly released statement by Defense Secretary Leon Panetta to strike Iran. www.greenewave.com twitter.com To Donate: www.paypal.com
- published: 10 Mar 2012
- views: 5168
- author: cgreene34
Panetta: Obama Couldn't See Bin Laden's Death but Heard 'Geronimo' Signal
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:00
- Updated: 07 Dec 2012
For more: to.pbs.org In a newsmaker interview with Jim Lehrer on Tuesday, CIA Director Leon Panetta describes the final tense seconds of the commando raid on the compound housing Osama bin Laden in Pakistan -- and the culmination of a nearly 10-year manhunt.
http://wn.com/Panetta_Obama_Couldn't_See_Bin_Laden's_Death_but_Heard_'Geronimo'_Signal
For more: to.pbs.org In a newsmaker interview with Jim Lehrer on Tuesday, CIA Director Leon Panetta describes the final tense seconds of the commando raid on the compound housing Osama bin Laden in Pakistan -- and the culmination of a nearly 10-year manhunt.
- published: 03 May 2011
- views: 33801
- author: PBSNewsHour
Leon Panetta CIA Links to World Government Rockefeller Agenda 21 - Gary Arnold
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:49
- Updated: 25 Nov 2012
A rcoones video The Panetta Institute is on the grounds of the decomissioned Fort Ord Army base. Donated to the institute from the Governement? There are so many World Government links here as Gary Arnold explains. Mr Arnold ought to know...he ran against him for political office. Since then Leon Panetta has gone far, but now has lost his CIA post...why? And why did he go so far? As we can see he was very connected in the first place..that is why. (permission granted from rcoones102 to mranthonyjhilder)
http://wn.com/Leon_Panetta_CIA_Links_to_World_Government_Rockefeller_Agenda_21_Gary_Arnold
A rcoones video The Panetta Institute is on the grounds of the decomissioned Fort Ord Army base. Donated to the institute from the Governement? There are so many World Government links here as Gary Arnold explains. Mr Arnold ought to know...he ran against him for political office. Since then Leon Panetta has gone far, but now has lost his CIA post...why? And why did he go so far? As we can see he was very connected in the first place..that is why. (permission granted from rcoones102 to mranthonyjhilder)
- published: 27 Apr 2011
- views: 2625
- author: mranthonyjhilder
Leon Panetta has no knowledge of $750000 Guantanamo Bay soccer field
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:28
- Updated: 26 Mar 2012
Congressman Huelskamp questions Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta at a recent Budget Committee hearing on reports of a $750000 soccer field in Guantanamo Bay, funded by the Department of Defense. Panetta claimed no knowledge of the soccer field. huelskamp.house.gov http www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/Leon_Panetta_has_no_knowledge_of_750000_Guantanamo_Bay_soccer_field
Congressman Huelskamp questions Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta at a recent Budget Committee hearing on reports of a $750000 soccer field in Guantanamo Bay, funded by the Department of Defense. Panetta claimed no knowledge of the soccer field. huelskamp.house.gov http www.facebook.com
- published: 29 Feb 2012
- views: 1342
- author: CongressmanHuelskamp
CIA Director Leon Panetta on Geronimo EKIA
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:54
- Updated: 11 May 2012
CIA Chief Leon Panetta who planned Operation Geronimo for months reveals more details about the operation that killed the world's most wanted terrorist.
http://wn.com/CIA_Director_Leon_Panetta_on_Geronimo_EKIA
CIA Chief Leon Panetta who planned Operation Geronimo for months reveals more details about the operation that killed the world's most wanted terrorist.
- published: 04 May 2011
- views: 4188
- author: newsxlive
CIA Leon Panetta True Roots - Gary Arnold
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:06
- Updated: 08 May 2012
A rcoones video Disturbing clue as to Leon Panettas roots with communist sympathisers. Hear Gary Arnold tell the story for the first time. Clues hidden around the city that are know only by a handful of people. Clues that were better forgotten except that they point the finger at important people making big decisions that affect our lives. Things from the past that haunt the present and give clues as to hidden intentions covered up by time. (permission granted from rcoones102 to mranthonyjhilder)
http://wn.com/CIA_Leon_Panetta_True_Roots_Gary_Arnold
A rcoones video Disturbing clue as to Leon Panettas roots with communist sympathisers. Hear Gary Arnold tell the story for the first time. Clues hidden around the city that are know only by a handful of people. Clues that were better forgotten except that they point the finger at important people making big decisions that affect our lives. Things from the past that haunt the present and give clues as to hidden intentions covered up by time. (permission granted from rcoones102 to mranthonyjhilder)
- published: 24 Apr 2011
- views: 610
- author: mranthonyjhilder
CIA Director Leon E. Panetta Speaks on the Importance of Diversity to the CIA's Mission
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 45:48
- Updated: 26 May 2012
Director Panetta emphasized the importance of workplace diversity at the Agency in remarks to students from Morehouse College, Spelman College, and Clark Atlanta University. Video footage provided by Morehouse College. (March 15, 2011)
http://wn.com/CIA_Director_Leon_E_Panetta_Speaks_on_the_Importance_of_Diversity_to_the_CIA's_Mission
Director Panetta emphasized the importance of workplace diversity at the Agency in remarks to students from Morehouse College, Spelman College, and Clark Atlanta University. Video footage provided by Morehouse College. (March 15, 2011)
- published: 31 Mar 2011
- views: 4188
- author: ciagov
America's Survival - Leon Panetta Security Risk ?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 24:58
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
Cliff Kincaid, President of America's Survival and Trevor Loudon of New Zeal Blog discuss Leon Panetta's nomination to become the Secretary of Defense.
http://wn.com/America's_Survival_Leon_Panetta_Security_Risk_?
Cliff Kincaid, President of America's Survival and Trevor Loudon of New Zeal Blog discuss Leon Panetta's nomination to become the Secretary of Defense.
- published: 14 Jun 2011
- views: 2569
- author: KenneyTVonline
13:48
The Defense Secretary: An interview with Leon Panetta
In a varied and accomplished government career, Leon Panetta has both balanced the budget ...
published: 29 Jan 2012
author: CBSNewsOnline
The Defense Secretary: An interview with Leon Panetta
In a varied and accomplished government career, Leon Panetta has both balanced the budget and eliminated Osama bin Laden. Now as secretary of defense, he's fighting multiple wars, pursuing al Qaeda, and trying to keep Iran from building an atom bomb.
- published: 29 Jan 2012
- views: 9110
- author: CBSNewsOnline
24:40
Interview With Leon Panetta
CIA Director Leon Panetta sits down with ABC's Jake Tapper on "This Week." For more, click...
published: 27 Jun 2010
author: ABCNews
Interview With Leon Panetta
CIA Director Leon Panetta sits down with ABC's Jake Tapper on "This Week." For more, click here: abcnews.go.com
- published: 27 Jun 2010
- views: 7594
- author: ABCNews
8:47
Hillary Clinton Leon Panetta Interview with Wolf Blitzer Brussels Belgium (April 19, 2012) [3/3]
Wolf Blitzer interviews Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Defense Secretary Leon Pane...
published: 20 Apr 2012
author: AbsolutelyDefinite
Hillary Clinton Leon Panetta Interview with Wolf Blitzer Brussels Belgium (April 19, 2012) [3/3]
Wolf Blitzer interviews Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Defense Secretary Leon Panetta at NATO headquarters in Brussels, Belgium. Thursday April 19, 2012.
- published: 20 Apr 2012
- views: 1477
- author: AbsolutelyDefinite
27:32
Brennan and Hagel Nominated for Key National Security Jobs
In a press conference Jan. 7, 2012, President Barack Obama put forward his nominations for...
published: 07 Jan 2013
author: PBSNewsHour
Brennan and Hagel Nominated for Key National Security Jobs
In a press conference Jan. 7, 2012, President Barack Obama put forward his nominations for key national security positions. He announced former Republican Sen. Chuck Hagel as his choice for secretary of defense, to replace Leon Panetta, and counterterrorism adviser John Brennan to serve as CIA director.
- published: 07 Jan 2013
- views: 2859
- author: PBSNewsHour
7:31
Obama & Leon Panetta Surrender US Sovereignty to International Law
www.republictruth.com Leon Panetta Seeks International Permission for US Military Action D...
published: 10 Mar 2012
author: RepublicTruth
Obama & Leon Panetta Surrender US Sovereignty to International Law
www.republictruth.com Leon Panetta Seeks International Permission for US Military Action Defense Secretary Leon Panetta appeared at a Senate Armed Services Committee congressional hearing, where he said "legal basis" was needed to initiate a no-fly zone over Syria. While we do not support action in Syria I am not sure if Leon Panetta understands the difference between international support and international legal basis.
- published: 10 Mar 2012
- views: 2218
- author: RepublicTruth
14:58
Leon Panetta : The killing of Osama bin Laden and how we did it
During an interview with NBC's Brian Williams, CIA Director Leon Panetta describes the pro...
published: 04 May 2011
author: Nelsak
Leon Panetta : The killing of Osama bin Laden and how we did it
During an interview with NBC's Brian Williams, CIA Director Leon Panetta describes the process which led to the death of Osama bin Laden. Panetta admits that waterboarding was used to attain the information needed to plan the mission. Panetta also reveals that the Obama administration intends to release a photograph of Osama's body as proof of the mission.
- published: 04 May 2011
- views: 7518
- author: Nelsak
34:11
ARREST Leon Panetta
Panetta believes that he can take our country to war without approval from Congress. This ...
published: 14 Mar 2012
author: Fabian4Liberty
ARREST Leon Panetta
Panetta believes that he can take our country to war without approval from Congress. This was recently proved before a congressional hearing about Syria. Digging into the past of this man should really not surprise anyone. The Obama Admin is filled with radical Wall Street funded revolutionaries who are working to destroy the Republic. Panetta MUST be arrested for high crimes and treason against the Republic! Call you local congressman and urge them to act now: Capitol Switchboard: (202) 224-3121 CALLL NOW!!! and ask for your member of Congress. Leave them a message and let them know you will not stand for Panetta and Obama to take our country to war for the globalist vermin! Leon Panetta, ex CIA Director, and now Secretary of Defense is a Socialist with direct ties to the United Nations and George Soros. Before his appointment as CIA Director, Panetta co-chaired the Joint Ocean Commission Initiative which partnered with Citizens for Global Solutions {CGS} to push for the United States to ratify the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The treaty defines the rights and responsibilities of nations in their use of the world's oceans, establishing guidelines for businesses, the environment and the management of marine natural resources. Partner in Crime, Citizens for Global Solutions {CGS} promotes world government. Their parent organization, the World Federalist Movement, promotes democratized global institutions with plenary constitutional power [world ...
- published: 14 Mar 2012
- views: 6951
- author: Fabian4Liberty
11:17
Hillary Clinton Leon Panetta Interview with Wolf Blitzer Brussels Belgium (April 19, 2012) [2/3]
Wolf Blitzer interviews Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Defense Secretary Leon Pane...
published: 20 Apr 2012
author: AbsolutelyDefinite
Hillary Clinton Leon Panetta Interview with Wolf Blitzer Brussels Belgium (April 19, 2012) [2/3]
Wolf Blitzer interviews Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Defense Secretary Leon Panetta at NATO headquarters in Brussels, Belgium. Thursday April 19, 2012.
- published: 20 Apr 2012
- views: 599
- author: AbsolutelyDefinite
7:31
Obama Admin Cites 'Int'l Permission,' Not Congress, As 'Legal Basis' For Action In Syria
WASHINGTON, March 7—Under question from Sen. Sessions at a Senate Armed Services Committee...
published: 07 Mar 2012
author: SenatorSessions
Obama Admin Cites 'Int'l Permission,' Not Congress, As 'Legal Basis' For Action In Syria
WASHINGTON, March 7—Under question from Sen. Sessions at a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing today, Defense Secretary Leon Panetta and Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Gen. Martin Dempsey indicated that "international permission," rather than Congressional approval, provided a 'legal basis' for military action by the United States.
- published: 07 Mar 2012
- views: 460098
- author: SenatorSessions
3:49
SERIOUS Cyber-attacks IMMINENT Warns LEON PANETTA. A Cyber PEARL HARBOUR Or Cyber 9/11
SERIOUS Cyber-attacks IMMINENT Warns LEON PANETTA. A Cyber PEARL HARBOUR Or Cyber 9/11 Cyb...
published: 12 Oct 2012
author: Conspirafied0
SERIOUS Cyber-attacks IMMINENT Warns LEON PANETTA. A Cyber PEARL HARBOUR Or Cyber 9/11
SERIOUS Cyber-attacks IMMINENT Warns LEON PANETTA. A Cyber PEARL HARBOUR Or Cyber 9/11 Cyber-attacks could inflict as much damage on the US as the physical attacks on 11 September 2001, the US defence secretary has warned. Leon Panetta said the country was preparing to take pre-emptive action if a serious cyber-attack was imminent. He said US intelligence showed "foreign actors" were targeting control systems for utilities, industry and transport. Advanced tools were being created to subvert key computer control systems and wreak havoc, said Mr Panetta. "An aggressor nation or extremist group could gain control of critical switches and derail passenger trains, or trains loaded with lethal chemicals," said Mr Panetta in a speech to business leaders held on the USS Intrepid - a former aircraft carrier that is now a museum. "They could contaminate the water supply in major cities, or shut down the power grid across large parts of the country. "Such a destructive cyber-terrorist attack could paralyse the nation and create a profound new sense of vulnerability," he said. Smaller scale cyber-attacks were now commonplace, said Mr Panetta. Cyber-attacks could inflict as much damage as 9/11. warned the US defense secretary In recent weeks, many large US firms had suffered attacks that had involved them being bombarded with huge amounts of data, he said. In addition, oil companies in Qatar and Saudi Arabia had been hit by the Shamoon attack, which had tried to replace computer data ...
- published: 12 Oct 2012
- views: 944
- author: Conspirafied0
39:13
Leon Panetta: The US Rebalance Towards the Asia-Pacific
US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta gave a major policy speech on the so called 'US pivot...
published: 02 Jun 2012
author: IISSorg
Leon Panetta: The US Rebalance Towards the Asia-Pacific
US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta gave a major policy speech on the so called 'US pivot to Asia' at the First PLenary Session of the IISS Shangri-La Diaolgue in Singapore on Saturday 01 July 2012.
- published: 02 Jun 2012
- views: 3056
- author: IISSorg
69:34
Interview with Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta
This is the FULL Interview, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Secretary of Defense Le...
published: 18 Aug 2011
author: 3rdID8487
Interview with Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta
This is the FULL Interview, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta participate in a discussion and answer questions from the audience about various current events in the US government and it's administration.
- published: 18 Aug 2011
- views: 23046
- author: 3rdID8487
19:53
Terrorist Will NOT Win Here In Afghanistan! Defense Secretary Leon Panetta Interview
December 13, 2012 CNN MOXNews.com...
published: 14 Dec 2012
author: MOXNEWSd0tC0M
Terrorist Will NOT Win Here In Afghanistan! Defense Secretary Leon Panetta Interview
December 13, 2012 CNN MOXNews.com
- published: 14 Dec 2012
- views: 372
- author: MOXNEWSd0tC0M
60:01
Conversations with History: Leon Panetta
In this episode, former Congressman Leon Panetta joins UC Berkeley's Harry Kreisler to tal...
published: 12 Jun 2008
author: UCtelevision
Conversations with History: Leon Panetta
In this episode, former Congressman Leon Panetta joins UC Berkeley's Harry Kreisler to talk about the interplay of principles and leadership in the making of public policy. Series: Conversations with History [Public Affairs] [Humanities] [Show ID: 7133]
- published: 12 Jun 2008
- views: 4128
- author: UCtelevision
Vimeo results:
1:00
Leon Panetta
Leon Panetta talks about the Game of Honor being a must see documentary....
published: 06 Dec 2011
author: Samuel A. Hollander
Leon Panetta
Leon Panetta talks about the Game of Honor being a must see documentary.
61:33
Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta
published: 12 Sep 2012
author: McConnell Center
Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta
39:09
2010 NAAAP Convention Keynote - Leon Panetta, CIA Director
Leon Edward Panetta
19th Director of Central Intelligence Agency
Leon Edward Panetta beca...
published: 15 Aug 2010
author: John 8Asians
2010 NAAAP Convention Keynote - Leon Panetta, CIA Director
Leon Edward Panetta
19th Director of Central Intelligence Agency
Leon Edward Panetta became the 19th Director of the Central Intelligence Agency on 13 February 2009. As Director, he leads the Agency and manages human intelligence and open source collection programs on behalf of the Intelligence Community.
Mr. Panetta has dedicated much of his life to public service. Before joining CIA, he spent 10 years co-directing with his wife, Sylvia, the Leon & Sylvia Panetta Institute for Public Policy, based at California State University, Monterey Bay. The Institute is a nonpartisan, not-for-profit center that seeks to instill in young men and women the virtues and values of public service. In March 2006, he was chosen as a member of the Iraq Study Group, a bipartisan committee established at the urging of Congress to conduct an independent assessment of the war in Iraq.
From July 1994 to January 1997, Mr. Panetta served as Chief of Staff to President Clinton. Prior to that, he was Director of the Office of Management and Budget, a position that built on his years of work on the House Budget Committee. Mr. Panetta represented California's 16th (now 17th) Congressional District from 1977 to 1993, rising to Budget Committee chairman during his final four years in Congress.
Early in his career, Mr. Panetta served as a legislative assistant to Senator Thomas H. Kuchel of California, special assistant to the Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare, director of the U.S. Office for Civil Rights, and executive assistant to Mayor John Lindsay of New York. He also spent five years in private law practice. He served as an Army intelligence officer from 1964 to 1966 and received the Army Commendation Medal.
Mr. Panetta holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in political science and a law degree, both from Santa Clara University. He was born on 28 June 1938 in Monterey, where his Italian immigrant parents operated a restaurant. Later, they purchased a farm in Carmel Valley, a place Director and Mrs. Panetta continue to call home. The Panettas have three grown sons and five grandchildren.
Youtube results:
25:00
Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta and Minister Kim Kwan Jin: Joint Media Availability
Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta and Minister Kim Kwan Jin, the Republic of Korea's Minis...
published: 24 Oct 2012
author: ThePentagonChannel
Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta and Minister Kim Kwan Jin: Joint Media Availability
Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta and Minister Kim Kwan Jin, the Republic of Korea's Minister of National Defense hold a joint media availability with the Pentagon Press Corps. Also available in high definition. www.dvidshub.net
- published: 24 Oct 2012
- views: 356
- author: ThePentagonChannel
90:24
BREITBART Murdered? Defense Secretary Leon Panetta to Attack Iran
In today's radio show, Christopher talks about the Andrew Breitbart conspiracy as well as ...
published: 10 Mar 2012
author: cgreene34
BREITBART Murdered? Defense Secretary Leon Panetta to Attack Iran
In today's radio show, Christopher talks about the Andrew Breitbart conspiracy as well as a recently publicly released statement by Defense Secretary Leon Panetta to strike Iran. www.greenewave.com twitter.com To Donate: www.paypal.com
- published: 10 Mar 2012
- views: 5168
- author: cgreene34
1:00
Panetta: Obama Couldn't See Bin Laden's Death but Heard 'Geronimo' Signal
For more: to.pbs.org In a newsmaker interview with Jim Lehrer on Tuesday, CIA Director Leo...
published: 03 May 2011
author: PBSNewsHour
Panetta: Obama Couldn't See Bin Laden's Death but Heard 'Geronimo' Signal
For more: to.pbs.org In a newsmaker interview with Jim Lehrer on Tuesday, CIA Director Leon Panetta describes the final tense seconds of the commando raid on the compound housing Osama bin Laden in Pakistan -- and the culmination of a nearly 10-year manhunt.
- published: 03 May 2011
- views: 33801
- author: PBSNewsHour
14:49
Leon Panetta CIA Links to World Government Rockefeller Agenda 21 - Gary Arnold
A rcoones video The Panetta Institute is on the grounds of the decomissioned Fort Ord Army...
published: 27 Apr 2011
author: mranthonyjhilder
Leon Panetta CIA Links to World Government Rockefeller Agenda 21 - Gary Arnold
A rcoones video The Panetta Institute is on the grounds of the decomissioned Fort Ord Army base. Donated to the institute from the Governement? There are so many World Government links here as Gary Arnold explains. Mr Arnold ought to know...he ran against him for political office. Since then Leon Panetta has gone far, but now has lost his CIA post...why? And why did he go so far? As we can see he was very connected in the first place..that is why. (permission granted from rcoones102 to mranthonyjhilder)
- published: 27 Apr 2011
- views: 2625
- author: mranthonyjhilder
photo: AP / Adj Nicolas-Nelson Richard, ECPAD
14 Jan 2013
Bamako/Paris - French fighter jets pounded Islamist rebel strongholds deep in northern Mali on Sunday as Paris poured more troops into the capital, Bamako, awaiting a West African force to dislodge al-Qaeda-linked insurgents from the country’s north ... Defence Minister Jean-Yves le Drian said France’s intervention on Friday prevented the advancing rebels from seizing Bamako and vowed air strikes would continue ... – ... Doubt....(size: 6.6Kb)
photo: AP / Kevin Frayer
14 Jan 2013
Allahabad. Hundreds of thousands of Hindu pilgrims led by naked, ash-covered holy men streamed into the sacred river Ganges on Monday at the start of the world's biggest religious festival. The Kumbh Mela in the Indian town of Allahabad will see up to 100 million worshippers gather over the next 55 days to take a ritual bath in the holy waters, believed to cleanse sins and bestow blessings ... "I am ecstatic ... Agence France-Presse ....(size: 4.2Kb)
photo: WN / Jamal Penjweny
15 Jan 2013
WASHINGTON. Suicides in the U.S. military surged to a record 349 last year, far exceeding American combat deaths in Afghanistan, and some private experts are predicting the dark trend will grow worse this year. The Pentagon has struggled to deal with the suicides, which Defense Secretary Leon Panetta and others have called an epidemic ... Last year’s total is the highest since the Pentagon began closely tracking suicides in 2001 ... ....(size: 5.0Kb)
photo: AP / Arshad Butt
15 Jan 2013
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. Desperate times call for desperate measures. In the case regarding Pakistani Shias, a minority population in Pakistan, some are refusing to bury their dead until the government deepens its commitment to protect them and the army provides better security. This comes on the heels of another suicide terrorist attack that killed 92 people and wounded more than 100 ... (1) Crilly, Rob ... ....(size: 4.0Kb)
photo: White House / Pete Souza
14 Jan 2013
WASHINGTON -- President Barack Obama issued a strong warning to Republicans on Monday that he will not negotiate over the debt ceiling or allow Republicans to use it as a bargaining chip. "To even entertain the idea of the United States of America not paying our bills is irresponsible. It's absurd," Obama said in a press conference ... "They will not collect a ransom in exchange for not crashing the economy," Obama said ... Also on HuffPost ... ....(size: 10.3Kb)
Star Tribune
16 Jan 2013
Defense Secretary Leon Panetta, the leader of the world's largest military, is expected to meet with Pope Benedict XVI, the world's best known purveyor of peace, on Wednesday in an ......(size: 0.9Kb)
Star Telegram
16 Jan 2013
Defense Secretary Leon Panetta, the leader of the world's largest military, is expected to meet with Pope Benedict XVI, the world's best known purveyor of peace, ......(size: 0.8Kb)
Seattle Post
16 Jan 2013
Defense Secretary Leon Panetta, the leader of the world's largest military, is expected to meet with Pope Benedict XVI, the world's best known purveyor of ......(size: 0.8Kb)
Sacramento Bee
16 Jan 2013
Defense Secretary Leon Panetta, the leader of the world's largest military, is expected to meet with Pope Benedict XVI, the world's best known purveyor of peace, ......(size: 0.8Kb)
The Hindu
16 Jan 2013
The official was not authorised to speak publicly on the matter and spoke on condition of anonymity ... Obama has nominated Hagel to replace Defense Secretary Leon Panetta ... He has critical support ... US, US President Barack Obama, Barack Obama, new US defence secretary, Senate Democrat, Chuck Hagel, Charles Schumer, Israel issue, Defense Secretary Leon Panetta, Armed Services Committee, Sen....(size: 2.5Kb)
CNTV
16 Jan 2013
LISBON, Jan. 15 (Xinhua) -- Visiting U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta said here on Tuesday that the U.S ... Panetta told a press conference after meeting with his Portuguese counterpart Jose Pedro Aguiar-Branco that he will ensure that three Portuguese will be hired for every American for the Lajes air force in the Azores ... Panetta, the first U.S ... report 2012-12-22 Panetta, Karzai discuss US trios in Afghanistan 2012-12-14 China, U.S ... town....(size: 6.1Kb)
Detroit Free Press
16 Jan 2013
Headlines. Sandy storm relief ... The vote was 241-180, and officials said the Senate was likely to accept the measure early next week and send it to President Barack Obama for his signature ... Mali uprising Panetta. No U.S. troops on ground. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta said Tuesday that the U.S ... Panetta spoke at a news conference in Lisbon with Portuguese Defense Minister Jose Aguiar Branco. The U.S ... School shootings ... Stolen equipment ... ....(size: 2.8Kb)
The Miami Herald
16 Jan 2013
Rep ... “There’re too many political considerations in the Medal of Honor process, and I don’t know what happens now with Secretary Panetta leaving – if that is going to delay things even more,” Hunter said, speaking of Defense Secretary Leon Panetta. “Congress shouldn’t have to get involved in this ... Lt. Col ... George Little, a spokesman for Panetta, wrote in an email that he had no comment ... 1 ... ....(size: 3.6Kb)
Ohio
16 Jan 2013
BAMAKO, Mali ... The move reversed France’s earlier insistence on providing only aerial and logistical support for a military intervention led by African ground troops ... “We have one objective ... U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta said Tuesday that the Obama administration had ruled out putting any American troops on the ground in Mali, but was providing intelligence-gathering assistance to the French ... Panetta said the U.S ... ....(size: 2.6Kb)
The Examiner
16 Jan 2013
Overnight a new hot spot in the world has made the headlines with the intervention of French troops in war torn Mali. Today, Jan. 15, 2013, Sky News has reported, French President. Mali Operation Going Well ... aiding French in Mali ... Defense Secretary Leon E. Panetta has ruled out the possibility of U.S ... ....(size: 1.7Kb)
The Dallas Morning News
16 Jan 2013
In Kathryn Bigelow’s superb film,Zero Dark Thirty, CIA Director Leon Panetta (James Gandolfini) is ready to green-light the raid on the Pakistani compound housing Osama bin Laden. He visits analyst Maya (Jessica Chastain) in, of all places, the CIA headquarters lunchroom. Even her steely resolve allows a moment. Get Subscriber Content access to read this story ... Subscribe Now . Link Your Subscriber Account ... ....(size: 2.3Kb)
The Guardian
16 Jan 2013
'Ello, 'ello, 'ello. What's this? The sex police?. Oscar Wilde. could anyone match his DNA? Photograph. CORBIS. • Another top wheeze from the Home Office ... samples to be stored on the national DNA database to check against future crimes ... The outgoing US defence secretary, Leon Panetta, is giving a big speech on Friday and places have been snapped up ... So it's BA students – not invited; and MAs – only the very fortunate get to see Panetta ... ....(size: 5.0Kb)
Richmond Times Dispatch
16 Jan 2013
The Obama administration is considering significant military backing for France’s drive against al-Qaida-linked militants in Mali, but its support for a major ally could test U.S. legal boundaries and stretch counterterrorism resources in a murky new conflict ... law or undermining policy objectives ... U.S ... interests. “Our goal is to do what we can,” Defense Secretary Leon Panetta said Tuesday during a visit to Spain ... U.S ... ....(size: 2.8Kb)
| Leon Panetta | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| 23rd United States Secretary of Defense | |
| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office July 1, 2011 |
|
| President | Barack Obama |
| Deputy | William Lynn Ashton Carter |
| Preceded by | Robert Gates |
| Director of the Central Intelligence Agency | |
| In office February 13, 2009 – June 30, 2011 |
|
| President | Barack Obama |
| Deputy | Stephen Kappes Michael Morell |
| Preceded by | Michael Hayden |
| Succeeded by | Michael Morell (Acting) David Petraeus |
| 18th White House Chief of Staff | |
| In office July 17, 1994 – January 20, 1997 |
|
| President | Bill Clinton |
| Preceded by | Mack McLarty |
| Succeeded by | Erskine Bowles |
| 29th Director of the Office of Management and Budget | |
| In office January 21, 1993 – July 17, 1994 |
|
| President | Bill Clinton |
| Preceded by | Richard Darman |
| Succeeded by | Alice Rivlin |
| Chairman of the House Committee on the Budget | |
| In office January 3, 1989 – January 21, 1993 |
|
| Preceded by | William Gray |
| Succeeded by | Martin Sabo |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California's 17th district |
|
| In office January 3, 1993 – January 21, 1993 |
|
| Preceded by | Burt Talcott |
| Succeeded by | Sam Farr |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California's 16th district |
|
| In office January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1993 |
|
| Preceded by | Burt Talcott |
| Succeeded by | Don Edwards |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Leon Edward Panetta (1938-06-28) June 28, 1938 (age 73) Monterey, California, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic Party (1971–present) |
| Other political affiliations |
Republican Party (Before 1971) |
| Spouse(s) | Sylvia |
| Alma mater | Santa Clara University |
| Profession | Lawyer Professor Politician Statesman |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
| Military service | |
| Service/branch | United States Army |
| Years of service | 1964–1966 |
| Rank |  First Lieutenant |
| Awards | Army Commendation Medal |
Leon Edward Panetta (born June 28, 1938) is the 23rd and current United States Secretary of Defense, serving in the administration of President Barack Obama since 2011. Prior to taking office, he served as Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. An Italian-American Democratic politician, lawyer, and professor, Panetta served as President Bill Clinton's White House Chief of Staff from 1994 to 1997, Director of the Office of Management and Budget from 1993–1994, and was a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1977 to 1993. He is the founder of the Panetta Institute for Public Policy, served as Distinguished Scholar to Chancellor Charles B. Reed of the California State University System and professor of public policy at Santa Clara University.
In January 2009, President Obama nominated Panetta for the post of CIA Director.[1][2] Panetta was confirmed by the full Senate in February 2009. As director of the CIA, Panetta oversaw the U.S. military operation that led to Osama bin Laden's death.
On April 28, 2011, Obama announced the nomination of Panetta as Defense Secretary when Robert Gates retired. In June the Senate confirmed Panetta unanimously as Secretary of Defense. He assumed the office on July 1.[3] David Petraeus took over as Director of the Central Intelligence Agency on September 6.[4]
Contents |
Early life, education, and military service[link]
Leon Panetta was born in Monterey, California, the son of Carmelina Maria and Carmelo Frank Panetta, Italian immigrants from Siderno in Calabria[5] who owned a restaurant in Monterey. He was raised in the Monterey area, and attended Catholic schools San Carlos Grammar School and Carmel Mission School. He continued his education at Monterey High School, a public school where he became involved in student politics, and was a JSA member.[6] As a junior he was Vice President of the Student Body, and became President of the Student Body as a senior.[7]
In 1956, he entered Santa Clara University, and in 1960 he graduated magna cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in Political Science. He also received a Juris Doctor in 1963 from the Santa Clara University School of Law. In 1964, he joined the United States Army as a Second Lieutenant, where he served as an officer in Army Military Intelligence.[8] There he received the Army Commendation Medal, and was discharged in 1966 as a First Lieutenant.[9]
Political career[link]
Panetta started in politics in 1966 as a legislative assistant to Republican Senator Thomas Kuchel, the United States Senate Minority Whip from California, whom Panetta has called "a tremendous role model".[10]
In 1969 he became the assistant to Robert H. Finch, Secretary of the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare under the Nixon administration. Soon thereafter he was appointed Director of the Office for Civil Rights.[11]
Panetta chose to enforce civil rights and equal education laws.[citation needed] Secretary Robert Finch and Assistant Secretary John Veneman refused to fire Panetta, threatening to resign if forced to do so.[citation needed] A few weeks later in 1970, Panetta resigned and left Washington to work as Executive Assistant for John Lindsay, the Republican Mayor of New York City. He wrote about this experience in his 1971 book Bring Us Together."
He moved back to Monterey to practice law at Panetta, Thompson & Panetta from 1971 through to 1976.[12]
Congressional work[link]
Panetta switched to the Democratic Party in 1971, because he thought that the Republican Party was moving away from the political center."Leon Panetta B.S. '60, J.D. '63". Lawyers Who Lead. Santa Clara University School of Law. http://law.scu.edu/lawyerswholead/leon-panetta.cfm. Retrieved March 29, 2012. In 1976, Panetta was elected to the U.S. Congress to represent California's 16th congressional district, unseating incumbent Republican Burt Talcott with 53% of the vote (the 17th district after the 1990 census), and was reelected for nine terms.[13][14][15]
During his time in Congress, his work concentrated mostly on budget issues, civil rights, education, healthcare. agriculture, immigration, and environmental issues, particularly preventing oil drilling off the California coast. He wrote the Hunger Prevention Act (Public Law 100-435) of 1988 and the Fair Employment Practices Resolution. He was the author of legislation establishing the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary,[16] and legislation providing Medicare coverage for hospice service.
His positions included:
- Chairman of the U.S. House Committee on the Budget
- Chairman of the Agriculture Committee's Subcommittee on Domestic Marketing, Consumer Relations, and Nutrition
- Chairman of the Administration Committee's Subcommittee on Personnel and Police
- Chairman of the Task Force on Domestic Hunger created by the U.S. House Select Committee on Hunger
- Vice Chairman of the Caucus of Vietnam-Era Veterans in Congress
- Member of the President's Commission on Foreign Language and International Studies.
Budget work[link]
A member of the U.S. House Committee on the Budget from 1979 to 1985 — and its chairman from 1989 to 1993 — he played a key role in the 1990 Budget Summit.[17][18]
Though elected to a ninth term, he left the House in 1993 after President Bill Clinton selected him to be Director of the United States Office of Management and Budget. He is credited with developing the budget package that would eventually result in the balanced budget of 1998. On July 17, 1994, he was appointed White House Chief of Staff by Clinton, a position he held until January 20, 1997. He was an important negotiator of the 1996 budget, which was another important step towards balancing the budget.[19][20]
Nomination as CIA Director[link]
President Barack Obama nominated him to the post of Director of the Central Intelligence Agency on January 5, 2009.[1]
After his selection, journalists and politicians raised concerns about his lack of intelligence experience.
Washington Post columnist David Ignatius said that Panetta did have tangential exposure to intelligence operations as Director of the OMB and as Chief of Staff for President Clinton, where he "sat in on the daily intelligence briefings as chief of staff, and he reviewed the nation's most secret intelligence-collection and covert-action programs in his previous post as director of the Office of Management and Budget".[21] Senator Dianne Feinstein, the California Democratic chairwoman of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, wasn't happy with the Leon Panetta selection:
- “I was not informed about the selection of Leon Panetta to be the CIA Director. I know nothing about this, other than what I’ve read. My position has consistently been that I believe the Agency is best-served by having an intelligence professional in charge at this time.”[22]
Former CIA officer Ishmael Jones stated, that Panetta was a wise choice because of his close personal connection to the President and lack of exposure to the CIA bureaucracy.[23][24]
On February 12, 2009, Panetta was confirmed in the full Senate by voice vote.[25]
Director of the CIA[link]
 |
Wikisource has original text related to this article: |
On February 19, 2009, Leon Panetta was sworn in as Director of the Central Intelligence Agency by Vice President Joe Biden before an audience of CIA employees. Panetta reportedly received a "rock star welcome" from his new subordinates.[26]
In March 2009, Panetta visited India to discuss a host of issues including common strategy on dealing with Islamic extremism and Taliban. This was his first international visit since he assumed office.[27]
Panetta supported U.S. drone strikes in Pakistan, which he identified as the "most effective weapon" against senior Al-Qaeda leadership.[28][29] These attacks increased significantly under Panetta, with as many as 50 suspected Al-Qaeda militants being killed in May 2009 alone.[30][31][32]
As Director of the CIA, Panetta presided over the operations that led to Osama bin Laden's death on May 1, 2011.
Secretary of Defense[link]
On April 28, 2011, President Obama announced the nomination of Panetta as United States Secretary of Defense as a replacement for retiring Secretary Robert Gates. On June 21, 2011, the United States Senate confirmed Panetta in a 100-0 vote.[33] He was sworn in on July 1, 2011. One of Panetta's first major acts as Defense Secretary was to jointly certify with the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff that the military was prepared to repeal "don't ask, don't tell", triggering final repeal after 60 days.
In August 2011 Panetta said that deeper cuts in the defense budget risked hollowing out the military and would hamper Pentagon efforts to deal with rising powers such as China, North Korea and Iran. It was the second day in a row that Panetta issued a public warning to Congress not to go beyond the roughly $400 billion in defense cuts required over the next decade under the debt reduction bill signed by President Obama. "You cannot deal with the size deficits the country is confronting by simply cutting the discretionary side of the budget," he said, referring to defense and other portions of the budget that Congress appropriates annually. "You have got to look at the mandatory side of the budget, which is two-thirds of the federal budget, and you also have to look at revenue."[34]
Like Gates before him, Panetta has fielded questions from the troops about their entitlements. He has said that future soldiers may see changes in retirement benefits and that healthcare may need reforms to protect care while reining in costs.[35]
When the supercommittee did not approve a deficit reduction plan[36] Panetta said “The failure of the congressional supercommittee to reach an agreement on deficit reduction is a setback for the country's efforts to achieve fiscal responsibility while protecting our national security”. He added that “If Congress fails to act over the next year, the Department of Defense will face devastating, automatic, across-the-board cuts that will tear a seam in the nation's defense”.[37]
I join the President in his call for Congress to avoid an easy way out of this crisis,...Congress cannot simply turn off the sequester mechanism, but instead must pass deficit reduction at least equal to the $1.2 trillion it was charged to pass under the Budget Control Act of 2011.
In January 2012 Panetta, speaking to soldiers at Fort Bliss in Texas, said that the United States is keeping all its options on the table, including military ones with regard to Iran. “Clearly there are those areas that for us are red lines,” Panetta said. “Number one, we cannot allow them to develop a nuclear weapon. That’s a red line. Number two, we cannot tolerate Iran blocking the Straits of Hormuz.”[38]
Activities outside politics[link]
Panetta and his wife founded the Leon & Sylvia Panetta Institute for Public Policy in December 1998, where they serve as the Institute's directors. The Institute is located at California State University, Monterey Bay. Panetta was instrumental in creating CSU Monterey Bay by converting Fort Ord, where he was chief of operations and planning of the intelligence section when he was in the army, into the university. Panetta served as Distinguished Scholar to the Chancellor of California State University[39] and as Presidential Professor at Santa Clara University. He was urged to consider running for Governor of California during the recall election in 2003, but declined in part because of the short time available to raise money.[40]
Panetta has long been an advocate for the health of the world's oceans. As a member of Congress from California’s 16th District, he wrote numerous successful acts of Congress to protect the California coast, including legislation creating the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary.[39][41][42] In 2003, Panetta was named chairman and commissioner of the Pew Oceans Commission, which in 2005 combined with the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy to establish the Joint Ocean Commission Initiative. Panetta now co-chairs the Joint Ocean Commission Initiative with Admiral James D. Watkins, U.S. Navy (Ret.).[43] Panetta continues to pursue his commitment to ocean and marine life issues, serving as a resource for legislators and the media, advocating for ocean reform on behalf of the Joint Ocean Commission Initiative as well as other ocean organizations, including the National Marine Sanctuary Foundation[44] and the Monterey Bay Aquarium.[45]
In 2006 he was part of the Iraq Study Group, also known as the Baker Commission.[46][47]
In 2009 Panetta delivered the commencement speech to the graduating class at The University of Maryland at College Park, emphasising the importance of public service and leadership.[48][49]
Responsibilities[link]
Joint Ocean Commission Initiative[50]
- Commissioner and Co-Chair[51]
Pew Oceans Commission
- Commissioner[52]
- Board of Directors
National Marine Sanctuary Foundation
- Member of the Board of Directors[53]
National Leadership Roundtable on Church Management
- Board of Directors, 2004–2009
- Co-chairman of the Corporate Accountability and Listing Standards Committee
- Board of Directors since 1997
- Board of Directors, Member since 1999
Connetics Investor Relations
- Board of Directors since March 2000[54]
- Co-chairman of the Corporate Accountability and Listing Standards Committee
- Co-chairman of the Corporate Credibility Advisory practice
- Member of the International Advisory Board
Junior Statesmen Foundation Inc.
- Trustee since 2004
Public Policy Institute of California
- Board of Directors since 2007[56]
In June 2002, the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops appointed Panetta to their National Review Board,[57] which was created to look into the Catholic Church's sexual abuse scandal. This created controversy because of Panetta's pro-choice stands on abortion and other views seen as conflicting with those of the Church.
Personal life[link]
Panetta married Sylvia Marie Varni,[58] who administered his home district offices during his terms in Congress.[59][60]
He and his wife live on his family's twelve-acre (49,000 m²) walnut farm in Carmel Valley, California. They have three sons and three grandchildren.[16]
Awards[link]
- 1966 – Army Commendation Medal
- 1969 – Abraham Lincoln Award, National Education Association
- 1984 – A. Philip Randolph Award
- 1988 – Golden Plow Award, American Farm Bureau Federation[61]
- 1991 – President's Award, American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages
- 1991 – Coastal and Ocean Management Award, Coastal Zone Foundation
- 1993 – Peter Burnett Award for Distinguished Public Service
- 1995 – Distinguished Public Service Medal, Center for the Study of the Presidency
- 1997 – Special Achievement Award for Public Service, National Italian American Foundation
- 2001 – John H. Chafee Coastal Stewardship Award, Coastal America
- 2002 – Law Alumni Special Achievement Award, Santa Clara University School of Law Alumni Association[62]
- 2003 – Julius A. Stratton "Champion of the Coast" Award for Coastal Leadership
- 2005 – Received an honorary Doctorate from University of Wisconsin–Parkside
- 2005 – Received an honorary Doctorate of Public Service from Northeastern University[63]
- 2006 – Paul Peck Award
References[link]
- ^ a b "Leon Panetta Tapped to Head CIA, Prompting Criticism From Lawmakers". Fox News. January 5, 2009. http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/01/05/leon-panetta-tapped-head-cia-sources-say/.
- ^ "Obama names Panetta for CIA". Associated Press. January 9, 2009. http://www.seattlepi.com/national/1152ap_obama_intelligence.html. Retrieved January 9, 2009. [dead link]
- ^ "Obama bids farewell to defense secretary - politics - More politics - msnbc.com". MSNBC. 2011-06-30. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/43591679/ns/politics-more_politics/. Retrieved 2011-12-20.
- ^ Quemener, Tangi (September 6, 2011). "Petraeus sworn in as new CIA chief". Agence France-Presse. http://news.yahoo.com/petraeus-sworn-cia-chief-152014281.html. Retrieved September 6, 2011.
- ^ http://www.politicalfamilytree.com/samples%20content/members/all_others/Panetta-CA-1.pdf
- ^ "Hon. Leon Panetta Appointed CIA Director". Alumni. JSA and the Junior Statesmen Foundation. May 21, 2009. http://www.jsa.org/alumni-friends/hon.-leon-panetta-appointed-cia-director.html. Retrieved December 11, 2009. [dead link]
- ^ Profile of Leon Panetta, Santa Clara University Law School web site, accessed April 28, 2011
- ^ "Message to the Department of Defense from Defense Secretary Leon Panetta". http://www.defense.gov/releases/release.aspx?releaseid=14621. Retrieved 2011-07-01.
- ^ Biography, Leon Panetta, Public Broadcasting Service program News Hour guest profiles, accessed April 28, 2011
- ^ "Conversation with Leon Panetta", p. 2
- ^ Gizzi, John (April 28, 2011), "Leon Panetta: Bipartisan in Spirit but a Liberal at Heart", Human Events
- ^ Study group member profile, Leon Panetta, published by Iraq Study Group, accessed April 28, 2011
- ^ Opinion column, Democrats See Potential Gains, by Matt Pinkus, Congressional Quarterly, published in Eugene Register-Guard, August 23, 1976
- ^ Newspaper article, Democrats in Congress Keep Old Seats, Take 1 From GOP, Los Angeles Times, November 4, 1976
- ^ Newspaper article, State Democrats Gain By One Seat In Congress, by Associated Press, published in Modesto Bee, November 4, 1976
- ^ a b "Hon. Leon E. Panetta", U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops
- ^ Newspaper article, Budget Summit Opens, by Tom Raum, Associated Press, published in Hendersonville Times-News, May 16, 1990
- ^ Newspaper article, As Budget Chief, Panetta May Be Frugal Deficit Foe, Christian Science Monitor, December 11, 1992
- ^ Newspaper column, Clinton Is Winning On Balanced Budget, by Morton Kondracke, Pomeroy-Middleton Daily Sentinel, January 23, 1996
- ^ Newspaper article, Flexibility Shown in Budget Talks, by Associated Press, published in Williamson Daily News, September 17, 1996
- ^ Ignatius, David (January 7, 2009). "A Surprise for Langley". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/01/06/AR2009010602826.html. Retrieved January 23, 2009.
- ^ "Dianne Feinstein Not Too Pleased With Panetta Pick « The Washington Independent". Washingtonindependent.com. http://washingtonindependent.com/23827/dianne-feinstein-not-too-pleased-with-panetta-pick. Retrieved August 21, 2010.
- ^ "JONES: Where loyalty is vital". Washington Times. January 8, 2009. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/jan/08/where-loyalty-is-vital/. Retrieved August 21, 2010.
- ^ "Panetta a ‘Brave’ Choice, Says Former CIA Agent – The Corner – National Review Online". Corner.nationalreview.com. January 6, 2009. http://corner.nationalreview.com/post/?q=MDQ3ZmRmNTQyY2ZiNzY5NjIxMzk3NjJkZTNhNGMzNTY. Retrieved August 21, 2010.
- ^ "Senate confirms Panetta as CIA director". Associated Press. February 12, 2009. http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5jyswk6L_yXx0g3aoXJS8wm6Xj0vQD96ACPMG0. Retrieved February 12, 2009.
- ^ "Leon Panetta Gets a Rock Star Welcome at CIA Headquarters". The Wall Street Journal. February 19, 2009. http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2009/02/19/leon-panetta-gets-a-rock-star-welcome-at-cia-headquarters-2/.
- ^ "Report: U.S. CIA chief to be in India to discuss terrorism, Taliban". News.xinhuanet.com. 2009-03-18. http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-03/18/content_11030853.htm. Retrieved 2011-12-20.
- ^ CIA Pakistan Campaign Is Working, Director Says, Mark Mazzetti and Helene Cooper, New York Times, February 26, 2009, A15
- ^ Gerstein, Josh. "CIA Director Panetta Warns Against Politicization". NBC New York. http://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/us_world/Panetta_warns_against_politicization.html?extpar=polit. Retrieved August 21, 2010.
- ^ [1][dead link]
- ^ "25 Militants Are Killed In Attack In Pakistan". The New York Times. May 17, 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/17/world/asia/17pstan.html. Retrieved March 27, 2010.
- ^ Bergen, Peter (June 3, 2009). "The Drone War". NewAmerica.net. http://www.newamerica.net/publications/articles/2009/drone_war_13672. Retrieved August 21, 2010.
- ^ "U.S. Senate Periodical Press Gallery". Senate.gov. http://www.senate.gov/galleries/pdcl/index.htm. Retrieved 2011-12-20.
- ^ Cloud, David S. (2011-08-04). "Panetta warns against defense cuts". Latimes.com. http://www.latimes.com/news/politics/la-pn-panetta-defense-cuts-20110804,0,6246715.story?track=rss. Retrieved 2011-12-20.
- ^ Pincus, Walter (October 10, 2011). "On Pentagon budget matters, telling it like it is". The Washington Post.
- ^ Lillis, Mike (2011-11-21). "Debt supercommittee dies". Thehill.com. http://thehill.com/blogs/on-the-money/budget/194941-supercommittee-co-chairmen-announce-failure. Retrieved 2011-12-20.
- ^ Bennett, John T.. "Panetta decries Defense cuts, opposes voiding them and blasts Congress". Thehill.com. http://thehill.com/blogs/defcon-hill/budget-approriations/195013-panetta-opposes-voiding-additional-dod-cuts-blasts-congress. Retrieved 2011-12-20.
- ^ US and Iran inch closer to military conflict
- ^ a b Panetta Institute – Leon Panetta – retrieved 11/22/2008[dead link]
- ^ Newspaper article, Panetta Doesn't Seek Governorship, San Jose Mercury News, July 20, 2003
- ^ "Joint Ocean Commission Initiative – Panetta bio". Jointoceancommission.org. http://www.jointoceancommission.org/cgi-bin/bios.cgi?panetta. Retrieved 2011-12-20.
- ^ Consortium for Ocean Leadership – Panetta bio[dead link]
- ^ "Watkins bio". Jointoceancommission.org. http://www.jointoceancommission.org/cgi-bin/bios.cgi?watkins. Retrieved 2011-12-20.
- ^ National Marine Sanctuary Foundation – Leon Panetta[dead link]
- ^ "Stanford University, Monterey Bay Aquarium launch center to save oceans". News.mongabay.com. January 9, 2008. http://news.mongabay.com/2008/0109-mbari.html. Retrieved August 21, 2010.
- ^ Television news report transcript, Iraq Survey Group Report Released, by Kim Landers, the World Today, ABC (Australia), December 7, 2006
- ^ Newspaper article, Iraq Study Group to Present Report to Bush, by Brian Knowlton, New York Times, December 3, 2006
- ^ Newspaper column, Commencement Season, by Laslo Boyd, The Gazette, Gaithersburg, Maryland, May 22, 2009
- ^ Newspaper article, Panetta Urges Service, Leadership, by Susan Kinzie, Washington Post, May 22, 2009
- ^ http://archive2.globalsolutions.org/publications/interview_leon_panetta_joint_ocean_commission_initiative
- ^ "Joint Ocean Commission Initiative Commissioners". Jointoceancommission.org. http://www.jointoceancommission.org/commissioners.html. Retrieved 2011-12-20.
- ^ "Pew Oceans Commission". Pewoceans.org. http://www.pewoceans.org/commissioners/. Retrieved 2011-12-20.
- ^ NMSF ~~ Board of Directors ~ Ex-Officio Members ~ Jeffery Mora ~~[dead link]
- ^ "Stiefel Laboratories, Inc. | Home". Connetics.com. http://www.connetics.com/2002/about/leadership.html. Retrieved 2011-12-20.
- ^ [2][dead link]
- ^ "Leon E. Panetta". Ppic.org. http://www.ppic.org/main/bio.asp?i=383. Retrieved 2011-12-20.
- ^ "Membership of National Review Board Completed". U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops. August 23, 2002. http://www.usccb.org/comm/archives/2002/02-163.shtml. Retrieved August 21, 2010.
- ^ "Sylvia M. Varni", SourceWatch
- ^ O'Shea, Jennifer (January 8, 2009), "10 Things You Didn't Know about Leon Panetta", U.S. News and World Report
- ^ Doyle, Michael (April 27, 2011), "Panetta will Bring a Lifetime of Service to the Pentagon", Modesto Bee, McClatchy Newspapers
- ^ "AFBF Golden Plow Award,". American Farm Bureau Federation. http://www.fb.org/index.php?action=legislative.gp. Retrieved March 08, 2012.
- ^ "Santa Clara (U.) Law School – Law Alumni Special Achievement Award". Law.scu.edu. 2010-04-29. http://law.scu.edu/alumni/achievement-award.cfm. Retrieved 2011-12-20.
- ^ "Speakers for 103rd Commencement". Newswise.com. April 29, 2005. http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/511446/. Retrieved August 21, 2010.
Further reading[link]
- Clinton, Bill (2005). My Life. Vintage. ISBN 1-4000-3003-X.
- "The Defense Secretary: An interview with Leon Panetta". CBS News. January 29, 2012. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-18560_162-57367997/the-defense-secretary-an-interview-with-leon-panetta/?tag=contentMain;cbsCarousel.
External links[link]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Leon Panetta |
- Office of the Secretary of Defense
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Leon Panetta at the Internet Movie Database
- Works by or about Leon Panetta in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
- Leon Panetta collected news and commentary at The New York Times
- Biography of the Central Intelligence Agency (archived)
- Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
- Voting record maintained by The Washington Post
- Leon Panetta Biography at WhoRunsGov at The Washington Post
- Biography of Panetta, Hartnell University
- Conversations with History – Interview with Leon Panetta, UC Berkeley Institute of International Studies
- The Panetta Institute for Public Policy
.svg){kind=small}
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Panetta, Leon |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | American politician, Secretary of Defense |
| Date of birth | June 28, 1938 |
| Place of birth | Monterey, California, United States |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Leon_Panetta
Related pages:
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http://cs.wn.com/Leon Panetta
http://es.wn.com/Leon Panetta
http://ru.wn.com/Панетта, Леон
http://pt.wn.com/Leon Edward Panetta
http://pl.wn.com/Leon Panetta
http://fr.wn.com/Leon Panetta
http://de.wn.com/Leon Panetta
http://nl.wn.com/Leon Panetta
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Panetta
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Wolf Blitzer | |
|---|---|
 Blitzer at Democratic Party presidential primary debate in Los Angeles, California, January 31, 2008 |
|
| Born | Wolf Isaac Blitzer (1948-03-22) March 22, 1948 (age 64) Augsburg, Germany |
| Education | University at Buffalo (BA) Johns Hopkins University (MA) |
| Occupation | Journalist |
| Years active | 1972–present |
| Title | CNN The Situation Room anchor |
| Religion | Jewish[1] |
| Website | |
| http://www.cnn.com/CNN/anchors_reporters/blitzer.wolf.html | |
Wolf Isaac Blitzer (born March 22, 1948) is an American journalist who has been a CNN reporter since 1990. Blitzer is currently the host of the newscast The Situation Room and was the host of the Sunday talk show Late Edition until it was discontinued on January 11, 2009. Blitzer previously hosted Wolf Blitzer Reports, which was replaced by The Situation Room.
Contents |
Early life[link]
The son of Jewish refugees from Poland,[2] Wolf Blitzer was born in Augsburg, Germany[3][4] and raised in Buffalo, New York. Blitzer graduated from Kenmore West Senior High School and received a Bachelor of Arts in history from the University at Buffalo in 1970. While there, he was a brother of Alpha Epsilon Pi. In 1972, he received a Master of Arts in international relations from the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies. While at Johns Hopkins, Blitzer studied abroad at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, where he learned Hebrew.[5]
Name[link]
Blitzer has said that he has frequently been asked about his name, which has been characterized as seemingly "made-for-TV".[6] In a Wayne's World Saturday Night Live sketch which was aired during the Persian Gulf War, Wayne and Garth picked Blitzer as having the "worst name" of any war correspondent, with Garth remarking, "It's so obvious the guy made it up for the war!" [7] Blitzer explains that his surname goes back for generations, and his first name, 'Wolf', is the same first name as his maternal grandfather.
In writing for several Israeli newspapers in Washington, Blitzer has used the names Zev Blitzer and Zev Barak.[8] Zev (זאב) is the Hebrew word for "wolf".
Career[link]
Washington and Jerusalem[link]
Blitzer began his career in journalism in the early 1970s in the Tel Aviv bureau of the Reuters news agency. In 1973 he caught the eye of Jerusalem Post editor Ari Rath, who hired Blitzer as a Washington correspondent for the English language Israeli newspaper. Blitzer would remain with the Jerusalem Post until 1990, covering both American politics and developments in the Middle East.[9]
In the mid-1970s, Blitzer also contributed to the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) as the editor of their monthly publication, the Near East Report.[10][11] While at AIPAC, Blitzer's writing focused on Middle East affairs as they relate to United States foreign policy.
At an April 1977 White House press conference, Blitzer asked Egyptian leader Anwar Sadat why Egyptian scholars, athletes and journalists were not permitted to visit Israel. Sadat, somewhat taken aback, responded that such visits would be possible after an end to the state of belligerence between the two nations. This was Sadat's first public acknowledgment that peace between Egypt and Israel was possible. In November of that year, Sadat made a historic visit to Israel, and Blitzer covered the negotiations between the two countries from the first joint Israeli-Egyptian press conference in 1977 to the final negotiations that would lead to the signing of the Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty two years later.[9]
Fluent in Hebrew, in this period Blitzer also published articles for several Israeli-based newspapers. Under the name Zev Blitzer, he wrote for Al HaMishmar; using the name Zev Barak, he had work published in Yedioth Ahronoth.[8]
In 1985, Blitzer published his first book, Between Washington and Jerusalem: A Reporter's Notebook (Oxford University Press, 1985). The text outlined his personal development as a reporter, and the relations between the United States and Israel.
Jonathan Pollard[link]
In 1986, he became known for his coverage of the arrest and trial of Jonathan Pollard, an American Jew who was charged with spying for Israel.[9] Blitzer was the first journalist to interview Pollard, and he would later write a book about the Pollard Affair titled Territory of Lies.[12] In the book, Blitzer writes that Pollard contacted him because he had been reading Blitzer's byline for years, and because Blitzer "had apparently impressed him as someone who was sympathetic".[13] Pollard also hoped that Blitzer would help him "reach the people of Israel, as well as the American Jewish community."[14]
Blitzer's interview with Pollard was controversial in the context of the legal action against him, as it was construed by some media voices as a possible violation of the terms of Pollard's plea deal, which forbade media contact. Blitzer's subsequent book about the affair was included in The New York Times list of "Notable Books of the Year" for 1989.[15] In its review, the Times praised the book as "lucid and highly readable" and called Blitzer's judgment of Israeli officials "harsh but fair".[16]
A review in The New York Review of Books was more critical, prompting a letter from Blitzer accusing the reviewer of making several inaccurate statements. Reviewer Robert I. Friedman responded to Blitzer's criticism by characterizing Territory of Lies as "a slick piece of damage control that would make [Blitzer's] former employers at AIPAC (not to mention Israel's Defense Ministry) proud."[17]
Cable News Network[link]
In May 1990, Blitzer moved to CNN and worked as the cable network's military affairs reporter. Blitzer spent a month in Moscow in 1991, and was one of the first Western reporters to visit KGB headquarters. His team's coverage of the first Gulf War in Kuwait won a CableACE Award and made him a household name.
In 1992, Blitzer became CNN's White House correspondent, a position he would hold until 1999. During this period, he earned an Emmy Award for his coverage of the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing. In 1998, he began hosting the CNN Sunday morning interview program Late Edition with Wolf Blitzer, which was seen in over 180 countries. Blitzer's first assignment as an anchor was on the daily newscast The World Today, in 1999. In 2000, he started anchoring his own show, Wolf Blitzer Reports.
CNN selected Blitzer to anchor their coverage of the 2004 presidential election and the 2008 presidential election. Since August 8, 2005, Blitzer has hosted The Situation Room, a three-hour afternoon/early evening program on CNN.[18][19]
Awards[link]
Blitzer has won awards including the 2004 Journalist Pillar of Justice Award from the Respect for Law Alliance and the 2003 Daniel Pearl Award from the Chicago Press Veterans Association. His news team was among those awarded a George Foster Peabody Award for coverage of Hurricane Katrina, an Alfred I. DuPont Award for coverage of the 1999 Southeast Asian tsunami, and an Edward R. Murrow Award for CNN's coverage of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks.
In November 2002, he won the American Veteran Awards' Ernie Pyle Journalism Award for military reporting. In February 2000, he received the Anti-Defamation League’s Hubert H. Humphrey First Amendment Freedoms Prize. In 1999, Blitzer won the International Platform Association's Lowell Thomas Broadcast Journalism Award. Blitzer won an Emmy Award for his coverage of the Oklahoma City bombing. Blitzer was also part of the CNN team that was awarded a Golden ACE award for their 1991 Gulf War reporting. In 1994, American Journalism Review cited him and CNN as the readers' choice for the Best in the Business Award for network coverage of the Clinton administration.[18] On May 23, 2010, Blitzer was awarded the honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters by Niagara University at their undergraduate commencement exercise. Also, on May 14, 2011 he received an honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters from Penn State University. On September 25, 2011, Blitzer was awarded an honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters by the University of Hartford.[20]
Other media appearances[link]
Blitzer appears as himself in the 2009 documentary "Back Door Channels: The Price of Peace." The film deals with the back room negotiations that lead to the historic 1979 Peace Treaty between Israel and Egypt. At the time, Blitzer was the Washington Bureau Chief of the Jerusalem Post, and played a key role in establishing a back channel of communications between Israel and the White House by introducing President Carter's General Counsel, Robert Lipshutz, to New York businessman Leon Charney, a close friend of then Israeli Defense Minister Ezer Weizman.[21] The flow of information between Weizman and Carter, via Charney and Lipshutz, contributed to finalizing the peace agreement between Israel and Egypt.
On September 17, 2009, Blitzer competed on an episode of Celebrity Jeopardy!, finishing the Double Jeopardy round with −$4,600. He was given $1,000 to bet in Final Jeopardy!, finishing with $2,000 and ultimately losing to comedian Andy Richter, who won $68,000 for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.[22][23] In an odd twist, a minor league soccer team from Blitzer's home town of Buffalo held a nickname contest and FC Buffalo's winner was "Blitzers."
Family[link]
Blitzer and his wife Lynn Greenfield live in Bethesda, Maryland, and have one daughter, Ilana, born in 1981.[24]
References[link]
- ^ jweekly.com
- ^ Bartelstein, Steve (1998, May 8). Wolf Blitzer Answers Questions About News [Televison transcript] CNN Talkback Live
- ^ Encyclopedia of television news, By Michael D. Murray, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999, ISBN 978-1-57356-108-2
- ^ Profile from University at Buffalo alumni magazine
- ^ New York Magazine. Feb 11, 1991. Page 36.
- ^ Sheridan, Patricia (October 3, 2005). ""Breakfast with...". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved December 6, 2005.
- ^ http://snltranscripts.jt.org/90/90kwaynesworld.phtml
- ^ a b Blitzer, Wolf. Between Washington and Jerusalem. 1985, page ix
- ^ a b c Makovsky, David (1990-04-29). "Wolf Blitzer, 'Symbol of Integrity', Leaves Post For Cable Network Job". The Jerusalem Post.
- ^ The American Spectator
- ^ MiddleEast.org - Mid-East Realities
- ^ Luxenberg, Steven (1989-05-21). "The American Who Loved Israel Too Much" (Book Review). Washington Post.
- ^ Blitzer, Wolf. Territory of Lies. 1989, page xv
- ^ Blitzer, Wolf. Territory of Lies. 1989, page xix
- ^ "Notable Books of the Year". The New York Times. 1989-12-13. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DEEDF163BF930A35751C1A96F948260. Retrieved 2008-04-10.
- ^ Pear, Robert (1989-05-07). "The Spy from South Bend" (Book Review). The New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE7DA1F3DF934A35756C0A96F948260.
- ^ Friedman, Robert (1990-02-01). "'Territory of Lies'" (letter by Blitzer, response by Friedman). New York Review of Books. http://www.nybooks.com/articles/3751. Retrieved 2007-02-16.
- ^ a b "Wolf Blitzer". CNN. http://www.cnn.com/CNN/anchors_reporters/blitzer.wolf.html. Retrieved 2007-02-09.
- ^ "Who's Who in America - 2007". Who's Who in America - 2007. Marquis' Who's Who Ltd.. 2006. http://search.marquiswhoswho.com/executable/SearchResults.aspx?db=E. Retrieved 2007-02-09.
- ^ http://www.hartford.edu/daily/Articles.asp?MainID=11295&Category=1
- ^ http://www.tvfestival.net/content/Opening-Film/openUK.php
- ^ Linkins, Jason (2009-09-18). "Andy Richter Crushes CNN's Wolf Blitzer In Celebrity Jeopardy". Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/09/18/andy-richter-crushes-cnns_n_290883.html.
- ^ . http://popwatch.ew.com/2009/09/18/adventures-in-celebrity-jeopardy-what-is-get-a-clue-wolf-blizter/.
- ^ http://www.davidovit.com/articles/Blitzer.pdf
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Wolf Blitzer |
- CNN bio
- CNN.com — The Situation Room
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Wolf Blitzer on Charlie Rose
- Wolf Blitzer at the Internet Movie Database
- Works by or about Wolf Blitzer in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
- Wolf Blitzer at the Notable Names Database
- "Wolf Blitzer for the Defense (Department)", Jim Naureckas, FAIR Extra!, January/February 2003
- Google Video on Israel Discussion - Held Nov 1989.
| Media offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Charles Bierbauer |
CNN Senior White House Correspondent 1992–1999 |
Succeeded by John King |
|
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|
|||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Blitzer, Wolf |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | 1948-03-22 |
| Place of birth | Augsburg, Germany |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Wolf_Blitzer
Related pages:
http://fr.wn.com/Wolf Blitzer
http://nl.wn.com/Wolf Blitzer
http://de.wn.com/Wolf Blitzer
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf_Blitzer
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Kim Kwan-jin | |
|---|---|
 Kim Kwan-Jin in 2011 |
|
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 김관진 |
| Hanja | 金寬鎭 |
| Revised Romanization | Gim Gwan-jin |
| McCune–Reischauer | Kim Kwanjin |
General (Ret.) Kim Kwan-jin (Hangul: 김관진; Hanja: 金寬鎭) , ROKA (born 27 August 1949), is the current Minister of Defense of South Korea, following his appointment in November 2010. He was previously the 33rd Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the Republic of Korea Armed Forces.
General Kim graduated the Republic of Korea Military Academy in 1971. He previously served as Commanding General, 35th Infantry Division (1999-2000), Commanding General, II Corps (2002-2004), and Chief Director, Joint Operations Headquarters, Joint Chiefs of Staff (2004-2005). He was promoted to 4-star general and assumed command of Third ROK Army in 2005.
In 2006, he became the 33rd Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and replaced General Lee Sang-hee.
On March 28 2008, he was replaced by General Kim Tae-young.
Following incidents of the shelling of Yeonpyeong, he was selected to replace Kim Tae-young as a new National Defense Minister of the Republic of Korea on 26 November, 2010.[1]
References[link]
- ^ "S Korea names Kim Kwan-jin, former JCS chief, as new defense minister". Xinhua. 28 November 2010. http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2010-11/26/c_13623976.htm. Retrieved 28 November 2010.
External links[link]
Media related to Kim Kwan-jin at Wikimedia Commons
- http://www.jcs.mil.kr/main.html - Republic of Korea Joint Chiefs of Staff (Korean)
| Military offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Lee Sang-hee |
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff & Chief Director of the Joint Defense Headquarters 2006-2008 |
Succeeded by Kim Tae-young |
| Preceded by Kim Tae-young |
Republic of Korea Minister of National Defense 2010 - |
Succeeded by Incumbent |
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Kim, Kwan-jin |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | |
| Place of birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Kim_Kwan-jin
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
