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Thursday, 03 January 2013

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German Frers 60 sailing yacht for sale. Namaqua.

Namaqua Flowers / Blomme 31 July 2011 Daisies

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Botswana
Botswana, officially the Republic of Botswana (Tswana: Lefatshe la Botswana), is a landlocked country located in Southern Africa. The citizens are properly referred to as "Batswana" (singular: Motswana), but many English-language sources use "Botswanan". Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland, Botswana adopted its new name after becoming independent within the Commonwealth on 30 September 1966. It has held free and fair democratic elections since independence.
Botswana is flat, and up to 70% is covered by the Kalahari Desert. It is bordered by South Africa to the south and southeast, Namibia to the west and north, and Zimbabwe to the northeast. Its border with Zambia to the north near Kazungula, Zambia is poorly defined but at most is a few hundred meters long.
A mid-sized country of just over two million people, Botswana is one of the most sparsely populated countries in the world. Botswana was one of the poorest countries in Africa when it gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1966, with a GDP per capita of about US$70. Botswana has since transformed itself, becoming one of the fastest-growing economies in the world to a GDP (purchasing power parity) per capita of about $14,000. The country also has a strong tradition as a representative democracy.

wn.com/Botswana
German Empire
The German Empire (German: Deutsches Kaiserreich) is the common name given to the state officially named the Deutsches Reich (literally: "German Realm"), designating Germany from the unification of Germany and proclamation of Wilhelm I as German Emperor on 18 January 1871, to 1918, when it became a federal republic after defeat in World War I and the abdication of the Emperor, Wilhelm II.
The German Empire consisted of 27 constituent territories (most of them ruled by royal families). While the Kingdom of Prussia contained most of the population and most of the territory of the Reich; the Prussian leadership became supplanted by German leaders and Prussia itself played a lesser role. As Dwyer (2005) points out, Prussia's "political and cultural influence had diminished considerably" by the 1890s. Its three largest neighbors were rivals Imperial Russia to the east and France to the west and ally Austria-Hungary to the south.
After 1850, Germany industrialized rapidly, with a foundation in coal, iron (and later steel), chemicals and railways. From a population of 41 million people in 1871, it grew to 68 million in 1913. From a heavily rural nation in 1815, it was now predominantly urban. During its 47 years of existence, the German Empire operated as an industrial, technological and scientific giant, receiving more Nobel Prizes in science than Britain, France, Russia and the United States combined.

wn.com/German_Empire
Gochas
Gochas is a village in Hardap Region, Namibia. It is located 110 kilometres (68 mi) southeast of Mariental on the way to the Mata Mata border post to the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park. The village has been the main settlement of the ǃKharakhoen (Fransman Nama), a subtribe of the Nama people, since 1889.
Coordinates: 24°47′S 18°49′E / 24.783°S 18.817°E / -24.783; 18.817

wn.com/Gochas
Hoachanas
Hoachanas is a settlement of 3,000 inhabitants in the Hardap Region of southern central Namibia, located 55 kilometres (34 mi) northeast of Kalkrand. It is situated at the junction of the main road C21 from Kalkrand, and C15 from Dordabis to Stampriet and belongs to the Mariental Rural electoral constituency.
Inhabited since at least 1695, Hoachanas is the main settlement of the Khaiǁkhaun (Red Nation), the largest and most important of the subtribes of the Nama people. All chiefs of the Red Nation had their main residence at this settlement. Hoachanas is also the home of Markus Kooper, reverend, educator and anti-apartheid activist.
Hoachanas has a Junior Secondary School that is named after Khaiǁkhaun chief Noach Tsai-Tsaib
Hoachanas is situated on Namibia's Central Plateau in an Acacia tree and shrub savanna typical for the Kalahari. The area has an elevation of 1,200 to 1,500 metres (3,900–4,900 ft), the average annual rainfall is 200 to 250 millimetres (7.9–9.8 in). The settlement is cut by the !Guwisib River, a tributary to the ephemeral Auob River.

wn.com/Hoachanas
Indonesia
Indonesia (ⁱ/ˌɪndəˈniːʒə/ IN-də-NEE-zhə or /ˌɪndoʊˈniːziə/ IN-doh-NEE-zee-ə), officially the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Republik Indonesia Indonesian pronunciation: [rɛpʊblɪk ɪndɔnɛsɪa]), is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 17,508 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an elected legislature and president. The nation's capital city is Jakarta. The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and Malaysia. Other neighboring countries include Singapore, Philippines, Australia, and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Indonesia is a founding member of ASEAN and a member of the G-20 major economies. The Indonesian economy is the world's 17th largest economy by nominal GDP.
The Indonesian archipelago has been an important trade region since at least the 7th century, when Srivijaya and then later Majapahit traded with China and India. Local rulers gradually absorbed foreign cultural, religious and political models from the early centuries CE, and Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms flourished. Indonesian history has been influenced by foreign powers drawn to its natural resources. Muslim traders brought Islam, and European powers brought Christianity and fought one another to monopolize trade in the Spice Islands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery. Following three and a half centuries of Dutch colonialism, Indonesia secured its independence after World War II. Indonesia's history has since been turbulent, with challenges posed by natural disasters, corruption, separatism, a democratization process, and periods of rapid economic change.

wn.com/Indonesia
Keetmanshoop
Keetmanshoop (Afrikaans: Keetman's hope) is a city in Karas Region, southern Namibia, lying on the Trans-Namib Railway from Windhoek to Upington in South Africa. It is named after Johann Keetman, a German industrialist and founder of the city.
The town is situated in a semi-arid area, normally receiving an annual average rainfall of only 152 millimetres (6.0 in), although in the 2010/2011 rainy season 254 millimetres (10.0 in) were measured.
Before the colonial era, the settlement was known as ǂNuǂgoaes or Swartmodder, both of which means "Black Marsh" and indicated the presence of a spring in the area. The first white settler, Guilliam Visagie, arrived here in 1785. In 1860 the Rheinish Missionary Society founded a mission there to christianize the local Nama. The first missionary, Johann Georg Schröder, arrived in Keetmanshoop on April 14, 1866, which is now marked as the founding date of Keetmanshoop. The mission station was named after the German trader Johann Keetman who supported the mission financially, but never actually visited the place himself.

wn.com/Keetmanshoop
Koës
Koës is a village in the Karas Region of south-eastern Namibia. It belongs to the Keetmanshoop Rural electoral constituency.

wn.com/Koës
Lokgwabe
Lokgwabe is a village in Kgalagadi District of Botswana. It is located in the Kalahari Desert and the village has a primary school. The population was 1,304 in 2001 census.
Coordinates: 24°5′46″S 21°46′41″E / 24.09611°S 21.77806°E / -24.09611; 21.77806

wn.com/Lokgwabe
Madagascar
Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar (older name Malagasy Republic, Malagasy: Repoblikan'i Madagasikara [republiˈkʲan madaɡasˈkʲarə̥], French: République de Madagascar) is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa. The nation comprises the island of Madagascar (the fourth-largest island in the world), as well as numerous smaller peripheral islands. Following the prehistoric breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana, Madagascar split from India around 88 million years ago, allowing plants and animals on the island to evolve in complete isolation. Consequently, Madagascar is a biodiversity hotspot in which over 90% of its wildlife is found nowhere else on Earth. The island's diverse ecosystems and unique wildlife are threatened by human settlement.
Initial human settlement of Madagascar occurred from 350 BCE and 550 CE by Austronesian peoples arriving on outrigger canoes from Borneo who were later joined around 1000 CE by Bantu migrants crossing the Mozambique Channel. Other groups continued to settle on Madagascar over time, each one making lasting contributions to Malagasy cultural life. The Malagasy ethnic group is often divided into eighteen or more sub-groups of which the largest are the Merina of the central highlands.

wn.com/Madagascar
Namibia
Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia (Afrikaans: Republiek van Namibië, German: Republik Namibia (help·info)), is a country in southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and east. It gained independence from South Africa on 21 March 1990, following the Namibian War of Independence. Its capital and largest city is Windhoek. Namibia is a member state of the United Nations (UN), the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the African Union (AU), and the Commonwealth of Nations.
The dry lands of Namibia were inhabited since early times by Bushmen, Damara, and Namaqua, and since about the 14th century AD by immigrating Bantu who came with the Bantu expansion. It became a German Imperial protectorate in 1884 and remained a German colony until the end of World War I. In 1920, the League of Nations mandated the country to South Africa, which imposed its laws and, from 1948, its apartheid policy.

wn.com/Namibia
Nomad
Nomadic people (Greek: νομάδες, nomádes, "those who let pasture herds"), commonly known as itinerants in modern-day contexts, are communities of people who move from one place to another, rather than settling permanently in one location. There are an estimated 30-40 million nomads in the world.
Many cultures have traditionally been nomadic, but traditional nomadic behavior is increasingly rare in industrialized countries. Nomadic cultures are discussed in three categories according to economic specialization: hunter-gatherers, pastoral nomads, and "peripatetic nomads".
Nomadic hunting and gathering, following seasonally available wild plants and game, is by far the oldest human subsistence method. Pastoralists raise herds, driving them or moving with them, in patterns that normally avoid depleting pastures beyond their ability to recover. Peripatetic nomads, who offer the skills of a craft or trade to those with whom they travel, are most common in industrialized nations.
Many groups of 'nomadic' hunter-gatherers (also known as foragers) moved from campsite to campsite, following game and wild fruits and vegetables. Hunting and gathering was the ancestral subsistence mode of Homo, and all modern humans were hunter-gatherers until around 10,000 years ago.

wn.com/Nomad
Orange River
The Orange River (Afrikaans/Dutch: Oranjerivier), Gariep River, Groote River or Senqu River is the longest river in South Africa. It rises in the Drakensberg mountains in Lesotho, flowing westwards through South Africa to the Atlantic Ocean. The river forms part of the international borders between South Africa and Namibia and between South Africa and Lesotho, as well as several provincial borders within South Africa. Although the river does not pass through any major cities, it plays an important role in the South African economy by providing water for irrigation, as well as hydroelectric power. The river was named by Robert Jacob Gordon after the Dutch Royal House.
The Orange rises in the Drakensberg mountains along the border between South Africa and Lesotho, about 193 km (120 mi) west of the Indian Ocean and at an altitude of over 3,000 m. While in Lesotho, the river is known as the Senqu and parts of it freeze in winter, because of the high altitude there.
The river then runs westwards through South Africa, forming the south-western boundary of the Free State province. In this section the river flows into first the Gariep Dam (the largest in the country), and on to the Vanderkloof Dam. From the border of Lesotho to below the Van der Kloof Dam the river bed is deeply incised. Further downstream the land is flatter, and the river is used extensively for irrigation.

wn.com/Orange_River
Port Nolloth
Port Nolloth is a town and domestic seaport in the Namaqualand region on the northwestern coast of South Africa, 89 miles northwest of Springbok.
The port was previously a transshipment point for copper from the Okiep mines, and diamonds from the Namaqua coast. Since the 1970s the principal seagoing activities have been fishing and small-vessel tourism. Today the town is a sleepy commercial hub with a number of holiday homes and a caravan park at the adjacent McDougalls Bay. It is also a gateway to the Richtersveld National Park, located 100 miles (160 km) to the north along the Orange River.
The bay upon which the port sits was known by the indigenous Namaqua people as Aukwatowa ("Where the water took away the old man"). Its location was marked by Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias on his epic voyage around the Cape of Good Hope in 1487. It was the last landfall he sighted before a wild storm blew his ship off course and out to sea for 13 days.
The land surrounding the bay remained virtually uninhabited until James Alexander's discovery in 1852 of copper at Okiep, a hundred miles inland from the bay. The Cape Colony administration immediately commenced a survey of the coastline to locate a suitable harbour from which to ship the copper ore. Aukwatowa bay was surveyed in 1854, and selected for a future port based largely on its sheltered aspect from offshore winds.

wn.com/Port_Nolloth
Schlip
Schlip is a settlement in the Rehoboth Rural constituency in the Hardap Region of central Namibia. It is situated on the unpaved road D1290 and has two primary schools and a junior secondary school. Schlip is the main settlement of the ǁOgain (Groot Doden) clan of the Nama people.
Coordinates: 24°02′S 17°10′E / 24.033°S 17.167°E / -24.033; 17.167

wn.com/Schlip
Sesfontein
Sesfontein is a settlement in the Kunene Region of Namibia. It is the district capital of the Sesfontein electoral constituency, its population is 7,358. Sesfontein derives its name from the six fountains which have their source in the vicinity.
The most well known landmark of Sesfontein is an old fort called Fort Sesfontein (also referred to as Sesfontein Fort). Almost a hundred years after it was first built, the historical monument, originally a police outpost, was reconstructed and equipped to accommodate tourists. The palm trees at the fort were planted by the German police officers who manned the fort to combat weapons smuggling and elephant and rhino poaching.
Coordinates: 19°07′31″S 13°37′00″E / 19.12528°S 13.6166667°E / -19.12528; 13.6166667

wn.com/Sesfontein

Damaraland
Damaraland was a name given to the north-central part of what later became Namibia, inhabited by the Damaras. It was bounded roughly by Ovamboland in the north, the Namib Desert in the west, the Kalahari Desert in the east, and Windhoek in the south.
In the 1970s the name Damaraland was revived for a bantustan in South West Africa (present-day Namibia), intended by the apartheid government to be a self-governing homeland for the Damara people. A centrally administered local government was created in 1980. The bantustan Damaraland was situated on the western edge of the territory that had been known as Damaraland in the 19th century.
Damaraland, like other homelands in South West Africa, was abolished in May 1989 at the start of the transition to independence.
The name Damaraland predates South African control of Namibia and is the subject of an entry in the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica.

wn.com/Damaraland
Griqua people
The Griqua (Afrikaans Griekwa, sometimes incorrectly called Korana) are a subgroup of South Africa's heterogeneous and multiracial Coloured people. However, they have a unique origin in the early history of the Cape Colony. Similar to the other Afrikaans-speaking group at the time, the Trekboers, they originally populated the frontiers of the infant Cape Colony, living as semi-nomadic commandos of mounted gunmen. Also like the Boers, they migrated inland from the Cape, and established several states in what is now modern South Africa and Namibia.
Under Apartheid they were classified as "Coloured" and have since mostly integrated with other mixed populations in South Africa.
The Griqua are a racially and culturally mixed people who originated in the intermarriages or sexual relations between European colonists in the Cape and the Khoikhoi already living there in the 17th and 18th centuries.
The different mixed-race groups which developed in the early Cape Colony had a variety of different names for themselves. "Bastaards", "Basters", "Korana", "Oorlam" and "Griqua" were just a few of them, with each group often having a different preference. Like the Afrikaners, these groups frequently migrated inland to escape colonial rule.

wn.com/Griqua_people
Herero people
The Herero are an ethnic group inhabiting parts of Southern Africa. The majority reside in Namibia, with the remainder found in Botswana and Angola. About 240,000 members are alive today. They speak the Herero language which belongs to the Bantu languages.
Unlike most Bantus, who are overwhelmingly subsistence farmers, the Herero are traditionally pastoralists and make a living tending livestock. As cattle terminology in use amongst many Bantu pastoralist groups testifies, Bantu herders originally acquired cattle from Cushitic pastoralists already inhabiting Eastern Africa prior to Bantu settlement in the region, from where some Bantu tribes later spread south. Linguistic evidence indicates that Bantus also likely borrowed the custom of milking cattle from Cushitic peoples; either through direct contact with them or indirectly via Khoisan intermediaries who had themselves acquired both domesticated animals and pastoral techniques from Cushitic migrants.
The Herero claim to comprise several sub-divisions, including the Himba, the Tjimba (Cimba), the Mbanderu and the Kwandu. Groups in Angola include the Kuvale, Zemba, Hakawona, Tjavikwa, Tjimba and Himba, who regularly cross the Namibia/Angola border when migrating with their herds. However, the Tjimba, though they speak Herero, are physically distinct indigenous hunter-gatherers; it may be in the Herero's interest to portray indigenous peoples as impoverished (cattleless) Herero.

wn.com/Herero_people
Hoachanas
Hoachanas is a settlement of 3,000 inhabitants in the Hardap Region of southern central Namibia, located 55 kilometres (34 mi) northeast of Kalkrand. It is situated at the junction of the main road C21 from Kalkrand, and C15 from Dordabis to Stampriet and belongs to the Mariental Rural electoral constituency.
Inhabited since at least 1695, Hoachanas is the main settlement of the Khaiǁkhaun (Red Nation), the largest and most important of the subtribes of the Nama people. All chiefs of the Red Nation had their main residence at this settlement. Hoachanas is also the home of Markus Kooper, reverend, educator and anti-apartheid activist.
Hoachanas has a Junior Secondary School that is named after Khaiǁkhaun chief Noach Tsai-Tsaib
Hoachanas is situated on Namibia's Central Plateau in an Acacia tree and shrub savanna typical for the Kalahari. The area has an elevation of 1,200 to 1,500 metres (3,900–4,900 ft), the average annual rainfall is 200 to 250 millimetres (7.9–9.8 in). The settlement is cut by the !Guwisib River, a tributary to the ephemeral Auob River.

wn.com/Hoachanas
Indigenous peoples
Indigenous peoples are ethnic groups that are defined as "indigenous" according to one of the various definitions of the term, though there is no universally accepted definition.
In the late twentieth century, the term began to be used primarily to refer to ethnic groups that have historical ties to groups that existed in a territory prior to colonization or formation of a nation state, and which normally preserve a degree of cultural and political separation from the mainstream culture and political system of the nation state within the border of which the indigenous group is located. The political sense of the term defines these groups as particularly vulnerable to exploitation and oppression by nation states. As a result, a special set of political rights in accordance with international law have been set forth by international organizations such as the United Nations, the International Labour Organization and the World Bank. The United Nations have issued a Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples to protect the collective rights of indigenous peoples to their culture, identity, language, employment, health, education and natural resources. Depending on which precise definition of "indigenous people" used, and on the census, estimates of a world total population of Indigenous people range from 220 million Indigenous peoples in 1997 to 350 million in 2004.

wn.com/Indigenous_peoples
Khoekhoe language
The Khoekhoe language /ˈkɔɪkɔɪ/, or Khoekhoegowab, also known by the ethnic term Nàmá and previously the now-discouraged term Hottentot, is the most widespread of those languages of southern Africa which contain many "click" sounds, and have therefore been loosely classified as Khoisan languages. It belongs to the Khoe language family, and is spoken in Namibia, Botswana, and South Africa by three ethnic groups, the Nama, Damara, and Haiǁom. It appears that the Damara picked up the language from the Nama in Botswana, and that they migrated to Namibia separately from the Nama. The Haiǁom, who had spoken a Juu language, later shifted to Khoekhoe. The name for Nama speakers, Khoekhoen, is from the Nama word khoe "person", with reduplication and the suffix -n to indicate the plural. Georg Friedrich Wreede was the first European to study the language, after arriving in Cape Town in 1659.
Khoekhoe is a national language in Namibia. In Namibia and South Africa, radio programs are broadcast in it. In Namibia, it is used for teaching up to the university level, as well as in the administration.

wn.com/Khoekhoe_language
Khoikhoi
The Khoikhoi ("people people" or "real people") or Khoi, in standardised Khoekhoe/Nama orthography spelled Khoekhoe, are a historical division of the Khoisan ethnic group, the native people of southwestern Africa, closely related to the Bushmen (or San, as the Khoikhoi called them). They had lived in southern Africa since the 5th century AD. When European immigrants colonized the area in 1652, the Khoikhoi were practising extensive pastoral agriculture in the Cape region, with large herds of Nguni cattle. The European immigrants labeled them Hottentots, in imitation of the sound of the Khoekhoe language, but this term is today considered derogatory by some.
Archaeological evidence shows that the Khoikhoi entered South Africa from Botswana through two distinct routes – traveling west, skirting the Kalahari to the west coast, then down to the Cape, and travelling south-east out into the Highveld and then southwards to the south coast. Most of the Khoikhoi have largely disappeared as a group, except for the largest group, the Namas.

wn.com/Khoikhoi
Klaus Dierks
Klaus Dierks (19 February 1936 in Berlin-Dahlem – 17 March 2005 in Windhoek) was a deputy government minister, a transport planner and civil engineer in Namibia.
Dierks was born in 1936 in Berlin-Dahlem, Germany. He studied civil engineering and history at the Berlin Technical University and earned a diploma in Engineering in 1965 and doctorates in 1965 and 1992. Immediately after receiving his diploma, Dierks became an engineer in South Africa before moving to what is now Namibia.
In 1982 Dierks became a member of resistance movement SWAPO rising to be a member of its Central Committee. He argued for the "Development of the infrastructure regarding the road system in an independent SWA/ Namibia" in 1979 when both the topic of independence and the name "Namibia" were considered revolutionary. In the 1980s he was forced to resign after 22 years of service, and he then set up his own consultative business. It was at this time that Dierks started to write about Namibian history, "pursuing an academic war against the apartheid regime" by outlining the cultural and economic development of the area before the encroachment of European settlers and missionaries, a fact contested by the colonial regime.

wn.com/Klaus_Dierks
Namaqualand
Namaqualand (Afrikaans: Namakwaland) is an arid region of Namibia and South Africa, extending along the west coast over 600 miles (970 km) and covering a total area of 170,000 square miles/440,000 km². It is divided by the lower course of the Orange River into two portions - Little Namaqualand to the south and Great Namaqualand to the north. Little Namaqualand is within the Namakwa District Municipality and forms part of Northern Cape Province, South Africa. A typical municipality is Kamiesberg Local Municipality. Great Namaqualand is in the Karas Region of Namibia. Great Namaqualand is sparsely populated by the Namaqua, a Khoikhoi people who traditionally inhabited the Namaqualand region.
Some of the more prominent towns in this area are Springbok, being the capital of this region, as well as Kleinzee and Koiingnaas, both private mining towns owned by De Beers Diamond Mines. This area is quite rich in alluvial diamonds deposited along the coast by the Orange River. Oranjemund is another mining town along this coast, situated in Namibia but very much on the border. As the name suggests, it is at the mouth of the Orange River which forms the border between South Africa and Namibia. The town of Alexander Bay is located 3 miles (5 km) away opposite the river on the South African side and is linked to Oranjemund by the Ernest Oppenheimer Bridge. Other links crossing the river further upstream are a re-introduced pontoon at Sendelingsdrift in the Richtersveld National Park, and road bridges at Vioolsdrif (the main border crossing between the two countries) and at the remote border crossing of Onseepkans.

wn.com/Namaqualand
Schutztruppe
Schutztruppe (English: Protection force) was the African colonial armed force of Imperial Germany from the late 19th century to 1918, when Germany lost its colonies. Similar to other colonial forces, the Schutztruppe consisted of volunteer European commissioned and non-commissioned officers, medical and veterinary officers. Most enlisted ranks were generally recruited locally. In German East Africa they became famous as Askari. Police forces also were established in the colonies. Control of the German colonies of New Guinea (including the Bismarck Archipelago and North Pacific islands) and in German Samoa was performed by small local police detachments. Kiautschou in China was under naval administration.
The colonial force for German East Africa was established by an act of the Reichstag on 22 March 1891; the colonial forces for German West Africa and German Southwest Africa on 9 June 1895. Schutztruppe formations were organizationally never a part of the army or navy. In 1896 Schutztruppe headquarters was established and located at Berlin’s Mauerstrasse, in proximity to the German Colonial Office. German military law and discipline applied to the Schutztruppe.

wn.com/Schutztruppe

Dave by Namaqua - facebook.com/namaquamusic

Available on iTunes itunes.apple.com Like Namaqua on Facebook: www.facebook.com/namaquamus...

published: 19 Dec 2011

author: Chris Copeland

Namaqua - Fire

Live version of Jimi's, "Fire". Namaqua are responsible for the musical promotion of the N...

published: 26 Mar 2007

author: Chris Copeland

Namaqua Wines introduction

Production manager at Namaqua Wines, Len Knoetzer talks to Farmer's Weekly about the histo...

published: 27 Nov 2012

author: FarmersWeeklySA

German Frers 60 sailing yacht for sale. Namaqua.

'Namaqua' was custom built in 2000 for her current owners by the highly reputable yard Sou...

published: 27 Oct 2010

author: ThePropertyVideos

ES Travel - South Africa - Namaqua land

ES Travel - South Africa - Namaqua land...

published: 24 Jan 2009

author: philmarib

Namaqua Flowers / Blomme 31 July 2011 Daisies

The amazing display of natures beauty has hit the Northern Cape in South Africa, and we we...

published: 01 Aug 2011

author: Stephen Bekker

Namaqua - Yesterday

Namaqua's own "Yesterday" is a view of what happens when you treat people with contempt. W...

published: 28 Feb 2010

author: Chris Copeland

Namaqua diamond buy offers marine upside potential, says loss-making Trans Hex

The acquisition from De Beers of the Namaqualand mines provides Trans Hex with upside pote...

published: 03 Jun 2011

author: MiningWeekly

Romanz by Huisgenoot Namaqua-fees

Romanz by Huisgenoot Namaqua-fees....

published: 30 Oct 2010

author: HuisgenootTV

Namaqua Sandgrouse

Oct 21, 2008, Pete's Pond...

published: 05 Nov 2008

author: PhotoDame

Namaqua - To Be Happy

Namaqua live at the Latest Bar in Brighton for Guitarist TV. A Hutchins Guitars sponsored ...

published: 11 May 2011

author: Chris Copeland

Namaqua Flower Power & Flying Biltong

The most amazing flower carpets in the world - completely natural ! Namaqua, Nieuwoudtvill...

published: 14 Jan 2012

author: bradshawhall

Namaqua Doves

9/21/07 Pete's Pond...

published: 21 Sep 2007

author: banditt066

Namaqua Dove - Oena capensis

Male Namaqua Dove in the Azraq Wetland Reserve, Jordan...

published: 16 Apr 2011

author: Bodor Gábor

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photo: AP / Emanuel Ekra

An Ivory Coast troop stands next to the belongings of people involved in a deadly stampede in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, Tuesday, Jan. 1 2013.

Stampede after fireworks kills 61 in Ivory Coast

The Guardian

01 Jan 2013

INZA BAKAYOKO. Associated Press= ABIDJAN, Ivory Coast (AP) — A crowd stampeded after leaving a New Year's fireworks show early Tuesday in Ivory Coast's commercial center, killing 61 people — many of them youths — and injuring more than 200, rescue workers said. The death toll was expected to rise, the officials said ... Issa Sako of the fire department rescue team.....(size: 8.1Kb)

photo: WN / Imran Nissar

Youth Brigade of Kashmir carry out a protest demonstration in Srinagar, India, on Monday 24, December 2012. As solidarity with Delhi gang-rape case. The protesters were demanding action against people involved in rape incidents across the country.

Indian gang rape: suspects to appear in court

The Daily Telegraph

03 Jan 2013

A gang of men accused of repeatedly raping a 23-year-old student on a moving bus in New Delhi in a deadly crime that repulsed the nation are to appear in court today for the first time. A British tourist join others in a candlelight vigil to mourn the death of a gang rape victim, in Kolkata, India Photo. AP. 3.52AM GMT 03 Jan 2013 ... Police have ordered a bone test to determine his age and whether he can stand trial in an adult court....(size: 11.3Kb)

photo: AP / Ng Han Guan

North Korean leader Kim Jong Un attends a ceremony to reopen the Kumsusan Palace of the Sun in Pyongyang, North Korea, on Monday, Dec. 17, 2012.

North Korea's leader calls for peace with South in New Year's speech

Pittsburgh Post-Gazette

02 Jan 2013

SEOUL -- In a domestically televised New Year's Day speech, North Korean supreme leader Kim Jong Un said he wanted to "remove confrontation" on this divided peninsula and called on "anti-reunification forces" in South Korea to cease their hostility toward the North. The lengthy address, which laid out the national goals for 2013, marked Mr ... Mr. Kim on Tuesday asked for a detente -- but with prerequisites that the conservative Ms ... ....(size: 3.2Kb)

photo: AP / Felicia Fonseca

File - Ram Herder, 89, is shown on May 22, 2008 in his Sanders, Ariz. home that was provided by the federal government as part of a massive relocation project to move Navajos from land Congress said belonged to the Hopi Tribe.

A New Year's Resolution: An Apology Day?

WorldNews.com

01 Jan 2013

Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. For good reason Mark Charles, a member of the Navajo Nation, is deeply offended that buried on page 45 of the 2010 Defense Appropriation Act (after pages on the maintenance and operation of the United States Military) is an "official" apology to Native American People ... political leaders and officials find it extremely difficult in expressing remorse for past mistakes ... Escorted by the U.S....(size: 5.6Kb)

photo: US Navy / HMC Josh Ives

U.S. Army Lt. Col. Mark Martin, right, civil affairs team lead for Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRT) Farah, shakes hands and laughs with Mawlawi Guhlam M. Ruhaani, director of Hajj and Endowment, at the conclusion of a key leader engagement in Farah City, Dec. 29, 2012.

US working hard to have support for Afghan reconciliation

Zeenews

03 Jan 2013

Washington. Aiming to get cooperation through dialogue, the US said that it is working hard to create an environment within Afghanistan and also in the region to have support for Afghan-Afghan reconciliation ... Responding to questions, Nuland said the US supports an Afghan-led process of reconciliation ... Saying that Pakistan needs to engage with Afghanistan directly, Nuland said the US supports dialogue between the two ... PTI ... First Published....(size: 2.3Kb)

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Half Yearly Report (URU Metals Limited)

noodls

21 Dec 2012

(Source. URU Metals Limited). 21 December 2012. URU Metals Limited. ("URU" or "the Company"). Unaudited Interim Results for the six month period ended 30 September 2012. URU Metals Limited, (AIM.URU), the base metals and uranium explorer and development company, announces its interim results for the six months ended 30 September 2012 ... CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT ... HIGHLIGHTS ... NIGER ... Note ... Namaqua Uranium (Proprietary) Limited*....(size: 157.9Kb)

HIV rate during pregnancy higher in 4 provinces

Independent online (SA)

11 Dec 2012

Sapa. Surveillance data shows an increasing rate of HIV infections among pregnant women in Mpumalanga, Health Minister Aaron Motsoaledi said yesterday ... The province had a 34.7 percent prevalence rate in 2009 and the figure has since risen to 36.7 percent, the survey, compiled by the department of health, shows ... Motsoaledi said the lowest prevalence rate was recorded in the Namaqua district in the Northern Cape, at 6.2 percent ... ....(size: 3.7Kb)

More S.African pregnant women contracting HIV, study reports

PhysOrg

10 Dec 2012

Infections in the eastern province of Mpumalanga jumped from 34.7 percent in 2009 to 36.7 percent ... "It needs our attention," he added ... The semi-arid Namaqua district in the sparsely inhabited region of Northern Cape recorded the lowest prevalence rate at 6.2 percent ... ....(size: 1.3Kb)

Rare birds from Africa arrive in Seychelles

Nation

15 Oct 2012

The Glossy Ibis (left) and the Namaqua Dove were both sighted on Aride within the last week (photos by Licia Calabrese) ... This was followed by a pretty little Namaqua Dove, which had never been seen in Seychelles until December 2011 when one turned up at Aldabra followed by a second on Assumption in January 2012 (not the same bird as the plumage was slightly different)....(size: 3.6Kb)

Scared drug dealers give away stash

Independent online (SA)

09 Oct 2012

Kimberley - Organised drug syndicates in the city have gone to ground following the arrests of four men and one minor, believed to be linked to a high-profile Kimberley drug dealer ... They were all granted bail ... These figures exclude a separate bust in the Bergsig area near Springbok in the Namaqua district on September 6, where a woman was found in possession of drugs with an estimated street value of R60 250 ... ....(size: 6.0Kb)

The Namibia experience

Independent online (SA)

01 Oct 2012

UFRIEDA HO. I KNOW two Lynnes who had important tips to offer for my first trip to Namibia. First Lynne said. “Don’t trust a dry river bed to set up camp”. Second Lynne said ... You slow down in Namibia, you take your time ... ... Going even slower you’ll see chameleons and desert geckos warming themselves along the road as flocks of Namaqua sandgrouse males take off with droplets of water on their belly feathers ... ... ... ....(size: 9.3Kb)

British wine snobs learning to love screw tops and boxes

The Guardian

20 Sep 2012

Four in 10 wine drinkers now agree the quality of wine in a box or a pouch is as good as the bottled option. Sales of wine by volume has fallen from 1.26m litres in 2007 to 1.14m litres in 2011. Photograph. Cathal Mcnaughton/PA ... Red and white wines in 75cl Tetra Pak cartons (from reputed South African producers Namaqua Wines and Du Toitskloof) have this month been launched in three UK supermarkets ... ....(size: 3.7Kb)

Worthing ready for high flyers at Worthing Birdman

noodls

09 Aug 2012

Worthing ready for high flyers at Worthing Birdman. Released. 08 Aug 2012. 18/19 August 2012 from 12.15pm each day. The event on the South coast - The 5th Worthing International Birdman Competition - is ready for take-off! ... On Sunday the world champion Jet Ski team will be joining us again to thrill the crowds with their skills; and the Littlehampton Steel Band and Local Group Namaqua will be performing on the stage ... ....(size: 5.5Kb)

An extreme 4x4 trail 'Namaqua Adventure Route'

Joy Online

03 Aug 2012

The Namaqua Adventure Route is one of the most challenging yet rewarding 4x4 trails in South Africa ... If youre a confident 4x4 driver, with good driving and navigating skills, then try the Namaqua Adventure Route, one of South Africa's least visited and most beautiful 4x4 trails. The Namaqua Adventure Route is not for the fainthearted and it's best ......(size: 2.1Kb)

Security a priority ahead of ANC’s Upington indaba

Independent online (SA)

07 Jun 2012

Sarah Evans ... A memorial lecture on former ANC president Albert Xuma was hosted by ANC national executive committee member Dr Ngoako Ramatlhodi last night ... About 535 ANC members will vote for the new provincial executive, with the Frances Baard district bringing the majority of delegates and Namaqua the fewest ... He said that during the party’s 176 nomination branch general meetings, only nine complaints had been sent to the PEC ... ....(size: 2.4Kb)

Security aNC’s main concern

Independent online (SA)

07 Jun 2012

Sarah Evans. Upington ... This amid a heavy police and security presence. The security of delegates has been made a top priority this year – albeit a priority that John Block is in charge of ... About 535 ANC members will vote for the new provincial executive at the conference, with the Frances Baard district bringing the majority of delegates, and Namaqua the least ... He said these were resolved before the conference ... ....(size: 2.9Kb)

Research and Markets: Wine Market in South Africa is Expected to Increase to a Value of $4,268 Million by the End of 2016

Business Wire

23 Apr 2012

DUBLIN--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Research and Markets (http.//www.researchandmarkets.com/research/35wbsb/wine_in_south_afri) has announced the addition of the "Wine in South Africa" report to their offering. Wine in South Africa industry profile provides top-line qualitative and quantitative summary information including. market share, market size (value and volume 2007-11, and forecast to 2016) ... Highlights ... Companies Mentioned. ... Namaqua Wines ....(size: 4.0Kb)

Yendi Phillipps is...pregnant

The Gleaner

23 Apr 2012

Model reveals the news that she and Chino McGregor are an item and expecting ... The talented young couple who are both multiple brand ambassadors, say they are elated about the birth of their child later this year ... The undeniable beauty who has been featured on the covers and in the pages of Woman and Home, Namaqua Wine, Fair Lady, Basia, Soul, Jet and Ocean Style says she intends to continue working throughout the pregnancy ... Marriage? ... ....(size: 4.3Kb)

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This article contains click symbols from the Khoekhoe language. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols.

Nama (in older sources also called Namaqua) are an African ethnic group of South Africa, Namibia and Botswana. They traditionally speak the Nama language of the Khoe-Kwadi (Central Khoisan) language family, although many Nama also speak Afrikaans. The Nama are the largest group of the Khoikhoi people, most of whom have largely disappeared as a group, except for the Namas. Many of the Nama clans live in Central Namibia and the other smaller groups lives Namaqualand, which today straddles the Namibian border with South Africa.

1 History
2 Nama clans
3 Culture
- 3.1 Wedding ritual
4 See also
5 References
6 Literature
7 External links

History [link]

Nama group in front of a hut.

For thousands of years, the Khoisan peoples of South Africa and southern Namibia maintained a nomadic way of life.

From 1904 to 1907, the Germans, who had colonised present-day Namibia waged war against the Nama and the Herero, leading to the Herero and Namaqua Genocide in which 50–70% of the total Nama and Herero populations perished.^{[citation needed]} This was motivated by the German desire to establish a prosperous colony and this entailed the displacement of the indigenous people from their agricultural land. Large herds of cattle were confiscated and Nama and Herero people were driven into the desert and in some cases interred in concentration camps on the coast, for example at Shark Island. Additionally, the Nama and Herero people were forced into slave labour to build railway lines and to hunt for diamonds during the diamond rush.

Following the discovery of diamonds at the mouth of the Orange River in the 1920s, however, prospectors began moving into the region, establishing towns at Alexander Bay and Port Nolloth, a process that accelerated the appropriation of traditional lands that had begun early in the colonial period. Under apartheid, remaining pastoralists were encouraged to abandon their traditional lifestyle in favour of village life.

The Nama people originally lived around the Orange River in southern Namibia and northern South Africa. The early colonialists referred to them as Hottentots. Their alternative historical name, "Namaqua", simply stems from the addition of the Khoekhoe language suffix "-qua/khwa", meaning "people" (found in the names of other Southern African nations like the Griqua)

In 1991, a portion of Namaqualand (home of the Nama and one of the last true wilderness areas of South Africa) became the Richtersveld National Park. In December 2002, ancestral lands, including the park, were returned to community ownership and the governments of South Africa and Namibia embarked on the development of a transfrontier park from the west coast of southern Africa to the desert interior, absorbing the Richtersveld National Park. Today, the Richtersveld National Park is one of the few places where the original Nama traditions survive. Here, the Nama still move with the seasons and speak their language. The traditional Nama dwelling – the |haru oms, or portable rush-mat covered domed hut – is a reflection of a nomadic way of life, offering a cool haven against the blistering heat of the sun, yet easy to pack and move if grazing lands become scarce.

At the dawn of the 19th century, Oorlam people encroached Namaqualand and Damaraland. They likewise descended from indigenous Khoikhoi but are a group who mixed with slaves from Madagascar, India, and Indonesia.^[1] After two centuries of assimilation into the Nama culture, many Oorlams today regard Khoikhoigowab (Damara/Nama) as their mother tongue. The distinction between Namas and Oorlams has gradually disappeared over time to an extent where they are today regarded as one ethnic group, despite their different backgrounds.^[2]

Nama clans [link]

Culture [link]

Nama huts.

In general the Nama practice a policy of communal land ownership. Music, poetry and story telling are very important in Nama culture and many stories have been passed down orally through the generations.

The Nama have a culture that is rich in the musical and literary abilities of its people. Traditional music, folk tales, proverbs, and praise poetry have been handed down for generations and form the base for much of their culture. They are known for crafts which include leatherwork, skin karosses and mats, musical instruments (such as reed flutes), jewellery, clay pots, and tortoiseshell powder containers.

The traditional dress of Nama women consists of long, formal dresses that resemble Victorian traditional fashion. The long, flowing dresses were developed from the style of the missionaries in the 1800s, and this traditional clothing is today an integral part of the Nama nation's culture.

They have largely abandoned their traditional religion through the sustained efforts of Christian (and now Muslim) proselytizers. The majority of the Nama people in Namibia today are therefore Christian with a small Muslim minority. ^[5]

Wedding ritual [link]

Namas have a complicated wedding ritual. First the man has to discuss his intentions with his family. If they agree they will advise him of the customs to ask the bride's family and then accompany him to the place she lives. The yard at the bride's living place is prepared prior to the future husband's family's arrival, animal hides are laid out in the corners for the different groups to sit down and discuss.^[6]

The groom's family ask for the gate to be opened. If this is granted, the groom is interrogated about details of the bride, including the circumstances of their first meeting and how to identify her body marks to make sure both know each other well. If the bride is pregnant or already has children from her future husband or someone else, the bride is subjected to the "door cleansing" ceremony (slaughtering and consuming a snow-white goat). After several days the wedding ritual continues in reverse; the bride's family visits the clan of the groom. If all is to the satisfaction of the two clans, an engagement day is announced.^[6]

At the engagement, the groom's family brings live animals to the woman's family home. The animals are slaughtered, hung on three sticks, and each part is offered to the bride's family. Other items like bags of sugar or flour are only offered in quantities of two or four to indicate that there will always be abundance of food. This process is also celebrated in reverse at the man's family home. White flags are mounted on both family's houses which may not be taken off but wither or are blown off by the wind one day.^[6]

The wedding preparations can take up to one year. The family of the groom makes a gift to the bride's mother, traditionally a cow and a calf, for she has raised the bride at her breast. A bargaining process accompanies the gift that can take weeks in itself. On wedding day, both families provide animals and other food and bring it to the bride's home. The wedding itself takes place in a church. Festivities afterward go on for several days. The first night after the wedding the couple spends separately. On the next morning, they set off for their own home.^[6]

References [link]

^ "Slavery in the Cape". Institute for the Study of Slavery and its Legacy – South Africa. http://slaveryinstitute.wordpress.com/slavery-in-the-cape/. Retrieved 8 July 2010.
^ ^a ^b Malan, Johan S (1998) (in German). Die Völker Namibias [The Tribes of Namibia]. Windhoek, Göttingen: Klaus Hess. pp. 120–125.
^ ^a ^b Dierks, Klaus (3 December 2004). "The historical role of the Nama nation". Die Republikein. http://www.republikein.com.na/politiek-en-nasionale/the-historical-role-of-the-nama-nation.45136.php. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
^ Goeieman, Fred (30 November 2011). "Bridging a hundred year-old separation". Namibian Sun. http://www.namibiansun.com/content/national-news/bridging-hundred-year-old-separation.
^ http://www.archive.org/stream/ethnology033274mbp/ethnology033274mbp_djvu.txt
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Sasman, Catherine (3 December 2010). "Love, traditionally – a ǀHaiǀKhaua wedding". New Era.

Literature [link]

Hoernl‚, A. W. 1925. The Social Organization of the Nama Hottentots. American Anthropologist, n.s., 27: 1–24. JSTOR
Hoernl‚, A. W. 1918. Certain Rites of Transition and the Conception of !Nau among the Hottentots. Harvard African Studies 2:65–82. JSTOR
Schultze, L. 1907. Aus Namaland und Kalahari. Jena.

External links [link]

South African National Parks website
Aerial Richtersveld Images Taken during the filming of "flying the fish"

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Contents

History [link]

Nama clans [link]

Culture [link]

Wedding ritual [link]

See also [link]

References [link]

Literature [link]

External links [link]

http://wn.com/Nama_people

Related pages:

http://ru.wn.com/Нама (народ)

http://nl.wn.com/Nama (volk)

http://de.wn.com/Nama (Volk)

http://fr.wn.com/Namaquas

http://it.wn.com/Nama

http://es.wn.com/Nama