East River
Tidal strait
East River and the United Nations Headquarters in Manhattan, as seen from Roosevelt Island.
Country	United States
State	New York
Municipality	New York City
Tributaries
- left	Newtown Creek, Flushing River
- right	Westchester Creek, Bronx River, Bronx Kill, Harlem River
Source	Long Island Sound
- coordinates	40°48′14″N 73°49′30″W / 40.8039900°N 73.8251343°W / 40.8039900; -73.8251343
Mouth	Upper New York Bay
- coordinates	40°41′47″N 74°01′00″W / 40.696355°N 74.016609°W / 40.696355; -74.016609
Length	16 mi (26 km)
The East River is shown in red on this satellite photo of New York City.
Wikimedia Commons: East River

The East River is a tidal strait in New York City. It connects Upper New York Bay on its south end to Long Island Sound on its north end. It separates Long Island (including the boroughs of Queens and Brooklyn) from the island of Manhattan and the Bronx on the North American mainland. In reference to its connection to Long Island Sound, it was once also known as the Sound River.^[1]

History[link]

The strait was formed approximately 11,000 years ago at the end of the Wisconsin glaciation.^[2] The distinct change in the shape of the strait between the lower and upper portions is evidence of this glacial activity. The upper portion (from Long Island Sound to Hell Gate), running largely perpendicular to the glacial motion, is wide, meandering, and has deep narrow bays on both banks, scoured out by the glacier's movement. The lower portion (from Hell Gate to New York Bay) runs north-south, parallel to the glacial motion. It is much narrower, with straight banks. The bays that exist (or existed before being filled in by human activity), are largely wide and shallow.

Channel[link]

Historical film of the East River, leading up to a final shot of the Brooklyn Bridge (1903)

The East River is dangerous to people who fall in or attempt to swim in it, although as of mid-2007 the water was cleaner than it had been in decades. Anyone in the channel would find there are few places from which to climb out. According to the marine sciences section of the city Department of Environmental Protection, the channel is swift, with water moving as fast as four knots (just as it does in the Hudson River on the other side of Manhattan). That speed can push casual swimmers out to sea. A few people drown in the waters around New York City each year.^[3] The strength of the current foiled an effort in 2007 to tap it for hydroelectricity.^[4]

A panorama of the Hell Gate Bridge and Triborough Bridge from Astoria Park

Historically, the lower portion of the strait (separating Manhattan from Brooklyn) was one of the busiest and most important channels in the world, particularly during the first three centuries of New York City's history. The Brooklyn Bridge, opened in 1883, was the first bridge to span the strait, replacing frequent ferry service. Some passenger ferry service remains between Queens and Manhattan.

The Bronx River drains into the East River in the northern section of the strait.

William Glackens 1902 painting of East River Park in the Brooklyn Museum

North of Wards Island, it is joined by the Bronx Kill. Along the east of Wards Island, at approximately the strait's midpoint, it narrows into a channel called Hell Gate, which is spanned by both the Triborough Bridge, and the Hell Gate Bridge. On the south side of Wards Island, it is joined by the Harlem River.

Newtown Creek on Long Island drains into the East River, forming part of the boundary between Queens and Brooklyn. The East River contains a number of islands, including:

• Upper section
  • Rikers Island
  • North Brother Island
  • South Brother Island
  • Mill Rock
• Lower Section
  • Wards Island and Randall's Island (joined by landfill)
  • Roosevelt Island
  • U Thant Island (Belmont Island)

Crossings[link]

New York City waterways:
1. Hudson River, 2. East River, 3. Long Island Sound, 4. Newark Bay, 5. Upper New York Bay, 6. Lower New York Bay, 7. Jamaica Bay, 8. Atlantic Ocean

Bridges[link]

The river is spanned by ten bridges, which from north to south are:

• Throgs Neck Bridge
• Bronx-Whitestone Bridge
• Rikers Island Bridge (From Queens to Rikers Island only)
• Hell Gate Bridge
• RFK-Triborough Bridge (East River Suspension Span)
• Roosevelt Island Bridge (east channel only)
• Ed Koch Queensboro Bridge
• Williamsburg Bridge (Vehicular traffic & Trains of the J M Z subway services)
• Manhattan Bridge (Vehicular traffic & Trains of the B D N Q subway services)
• Brooklyn Bridge

Tunnels[link]

The river is spanned by thirteen tunnels. From north to south, along with uses as of April 2012:

• 63rd Street Tunnel (Trains of the F subway service – upper level; lower level – under construction for LIRR East Side Access project)
• 60th Street Tunnel (Trains of the N Q R subway services)
• 53rd Street Tunnel (Trains of the E M subway services)
• Steinway Tunnel (Trains of the 7 <7> subway services)
• Queens-Midtown Tunnel (Vehicular traffic of Interstate 495)
• East River Tunnels (Long Island Rail Road and Amtrak trains from Penn Station to points north and east)
• 14th Street Tunnel (Trains of the L subway service)
• Rutgers Street Tunnel (Trains of the F subway service)
• Cranberry Street Tunnel (Trains of the A C subway services)
• Clark Street Tunnel (Trains of the 2 3 subway services)
• Montague Street Tunnel (Trains of the N R subway services)
• Joralemon Street Tunnel (Trains of the 4 5 subway services)
• Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel (Vehicular traffic of Interstate 478)

Trams[link]

• Roosevelt Island Tramway (west channel only)

In popular culture[link]

The Brecker Brothers performed a song named after the river and is featured on their 1978 album Heavy Metal Be-Bop.

Kramer decided to swim in the East River for exercise in the Seinfeld episode "The Nap".

In the video game Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3, the Russian Navy had taken control of the river as part of their invasion of the East Coast of the United States in the fictitious Russo-American War.

See also[link]

• List of New York rivers
• Lists of crossings of the East River
• Geography and environment of New York City
• Geography of New York Harbor

Gallery[link]

• 

  East River flows past Upper East Side

• 

  East River passes children playing football in East River Park

• 

  Powell's Cove, Whitestone

• 

  Blackwells Island, East River, From Eighty Sixth Street, Currier & Ives, 1862

• Sunriseclipper.jpg

  Loading at Pier 10, East River, Clipper ship Sunrise

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: East River

• East River NYC from the Greater Astoria Historical Society
• LIC Community Boathouse site for free paddling on the East River
• Hydropower turbines destroyed by East River current
• Western Queens waterfront information page

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (November 2007)

Jeffrey Lewis
Jeffrey Lewis performing at The Luminaire, London, England, 2006.
Background information
Born	(1975-11-20) November 20, 1975 (age 36) New York City, United States
Genres	Anti-folk
Years active	1997–present
Labels	Rough Trade
Associated acts	Schwervon!, Kimya Dawson, Major Matt Mason USA, Jack Lewis, Adam Green, Diane Cluck
Website	Official Site

Jeffrey Lewis (born November 20, 1975 in New York City) is an American singer/songwriter and comic book artist.

Early life[link]

Lewis attended State University of New York at Purchase and graduated in 1997 with a degree in Literature. His Senior Literary Thesis was on the comic book Watchmen.^[1]

Lewis also lectured on the topic of Watchmen at the Institute For Cultural Studies at the University of Leuven, Belgium, in 2000, and the text of his lecture ("The Dual Nature of Apocalypse in Watchmen") was published in the book The Graphic Novel, edited by Jan Baetens, in 2001.

Starting in 2000, he spent about 2 years living in Austin, Texas, playing open mic nights, working odd jobs and distributing his autobiographical comics to local coffee shops.

Music[link]

Several of his musical influences have been acknowledged in his songs such as "Williamsburg Will Oldham Horror", "The History of The Fall" and "The Chelsea Hotel Oral Sex Song", concerning the song by Leonard Cohen. Lewis' lyrics are complex and literate, often combining a nihilistic world-view with a hopeful message and sharp wit. Growing up on the Lower East Side of Manhattan Island his songs are also highly informed by his home surroundings, with songs name-dropping places such as Williamsburg, the FDR Drive and the East River.

Lewis is often regarded as part of the antifolk movement, first and foremost because he was one of the many bands and performers (including The Moldy Peaches, Major Matt Mason USA and Lach) who played in the 1990s at New York's Sidewalk Cafe and its biannual antifolk festivals and open mic events. His music also possesses certain traits of a perceived antifolk style - a downbeat self-deprecating humor, an off-kilter singing style, a mixture of acoustic and 'punk' songs which feature themes of everyday occurrences and feelings. Lewis himself does not mind the 'antifolk' tag: "I think it's a cool title. The fact that no one knows what it means, including me, makes it kind of mysterious and more interesting than saying that you’re a singer/songwriter or that you play indie rock."^[2]

After being signed by the British record label Rough Trade in 2001, Jeffrey Lewis released his first official album The Last Time I Did Acid I Went Insane.

In 2003 he released the album It's the Ones Who've Cracked That the Light Shines Through, with drummer Anders Griffen. His third record, City and Eastern Songs, was released in the UK in November 2005 and in the US in September 2006. All three of these albums also include his brother, Jack Lewis, who wrote and sang a number of the songs. In October 2007, Jeffrey released 12 Crass Songs, an album consisting entirely of songs written by the anarcho-pacifist British punk band Crass, reworked to match Jeffrey's antifolk style.

He has also performed and collaborated with Kimya Dawson of The Moldy Peaches as well as Diane Cluck. Some of his hand-drawn comics appear in the cover art of his CD releases.

In June 2008 Jeffrey Lewis with his brother Jack were the support act for Stephen Malkmus and the Jicks in Europe. Other well-known acts that Jeffrey has performed shows or whole tours with include Devendra Banhart, Jarvis Cocker, Black Dice, Adam Green, Thurston Moore, the Fall, Kimya Dawson, Beth Orton, Frank Black, the Fiery Furnaces, Daniel Johnston, Scout Niblett, the Mountain Goats, Dr. Dog, the Moldy Peaches, Cornershop, Trachtenburg Family Slideshow Players, Wooden Wand, the Cribs, Danielson, Herman Dune, Los Campesinos, Roky Erickson, and Super Furry Animals.

The New York Times online Op-Ed page "Measure For Measure" hired Jeffrey Lewis to write a number of short essays on the topic of songwriting, some of which Jeffrey drew in comic book form. All went up on the New York Times website at intervals in Fall/Winter 2008.

Jeffrey has created a number of illustrated historical songs, usually sung while flipping through accompanying books of color drawings, including ten such pieces which are in use by The History Channel on their website.

In November 2011 The New York Times ran a feature article on Jeffrey Lewis in the Arts section of November 23, written by Ben Sisario.

Artwork[link]

Jeffrey has his own comic book series titled 'Fuff' (formerly called 'Guff') available via Olive Juice Music.

In March 2009, he designed the cover to the sixth issue of Bearded magazine.

Comics

• Reflections on Tomorrow thus a yesterday Flower Shall Doom (1998)
• The Worldwide Comix Scavenger Hunt vol 1 (1998–2003)
• Reflections #2 (1998–2003)
• Trip to Key West (1999)
• 1999 European Travel Diary (1999)
• Jeff's Austin Diary (2001)
• Come to My Show (2004)
• Fuff # 1
• Guff # 2
• Guff # 3
• Fuff # 4
• Fuff # 5
• Fuff # 6
• Fuff # 7
• Fuff # 8
• The Art of Touring (2007)
• Comic book press kit for Mountain Goats' album 'Heretic Pride (2008)

Discography[link]

Albums/EPs[link]

• When Madman Was Good - Version One (1997)
• When Madman Was Good - Version Two (1998)
• Indie-Rock Fortune Cookie (1998)
• Journey to the Center of the Earth (1999)
• The Only Time I Feel Right Is When I'm Drawing Comic Books (2000)
• I Am, Of Course, Glad (2000)
• Kimya Dawson And Jeff Lewis (2001)
• Songs From Austin (2001)
• Diane Cluck And Jeffrey Lewis (2001)
• The Last Time I Did Acid I Went Insane (2001)
• Guitar Situations: Musical Conduct (2002)
• AntiFolk Collaborations Volume 1 (2002)
• It's the Ones Who've Cracked That the Light Shines Through (2003)
• Jeffrey Lewis "Four Seasons" Box Set (2004)
• City and Eastern Songs (Jeffrey & Jack Lewis) (2005)
• Gas Money EP (2005) (split with Schwervon!)
• Tapes From The Crypt (2006)
• 12 Crass Songs (2007)
• City and Eastern Tapes (2008)
• 'Em Are I (Jeffrey Lewis & the Junkyard) (2009)
• Come On Board (Peter Stampfel & Jeffrey Lewis) (2011)
• A Turn In The Dream-Songs (2011)

Singles[link]

• The Chelsea Hotel Oral Sex Song (2001)
• Back When I Was Four (2002)
• Graveyard/Spirit of Love (2002)
• No LSD Tonight/Don't Let The Record Label Take You Out To Lunch (2003)
• Williamsburg Will Oldham Horror (2005)
• Had It All (2005)
• To Be Objectified (2009)
• Roll Bus, Roll (2010)
• Cult Boyfriend (2011)

Compilation Appearances[link]

• Antifolk Vol. 1 (2002) - "You Don't Have To Be A Scientist To Do Experiments on Your Own Heart
• Call It What You Want This Is Antifolk (2002) - So Long (I'm Gonna Go Draw All Alone In My Shack)
• Stop Me If You Think You've Heard This One Before (2003) - "Part-Time Punks"
• The Art Star Sounds Compilation (2005) - "Williamsburg Will Oldham Horror"
• Still Unravished- A Tribute to June Brides (2006) - Waiting For A Change
• Anticomp Folkilation (2007) - "The River" (with Diane Cluck)
• Tallahassee Turns Ten: a Mountain Goats Cover Album (2012) ^[3]
• Audio Antihero Presents: "Some.Alternate.Universe" for FSID (2012) - "Dog Eat Dog"

External links[link]

• The official Jeffrey Lewis website
• Russian-english podcast about Jeffrey Lewis in Moscow

References[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Jeffrey Lewis

Horace Swaby (June 21, 1954 – May 18, 1999), known as Augustus Pablo, was a Jamaican roots reggae and dub record producer, melodica player and keyboardist, active from the 1970s onwards. He popularized the use of the melodica (an instrument at that time primarily used to teach children music in the Jamaican public schools) in reggae music. He was a committed Rastafarian.

Biography[link]

He was born in St. Andrew, Jamaica, and learned to play the organ at the Kingston College School. It was at that point an unnamed girl lent him the melodica. Fascinated by the instrument, Pablo rarely put it down. He also met Herman Chin Loy, who after working at his cousin Leslie Kong's Beverley's record shop, had set up his own Aquarius store in Half Way Tree. Swaby recorded early tracks including "Higgi Higgi", "East of the River Nile", "Song of the East" and "The Red Sea" between 1971 and 1973 for Chin-Loy's Aquarius Records.^[1] Chin Loy had previously used the name Augustus Pablo generically for keyboard instrumentals recorded by Lloyd Charmers and Glen Adams,^[2][3] and Swaby took the name for this recording.

"East of the River Nile", a unique blend of East Asian and Jamaican sounds, became a moderate hit. He soon joined Now Generation (Mikey Chung's band) and played the keyboard with them while his friend Clive Chin began his own career as a record producer. Pablo and Chin recorded "Java" (1972) together,^[1] as soon as Pablo quit Now Generation and Clive was able to get the studio time. This instrumental was a massive hit and launched Pablo's solo career. He recorded with Chin and various others, including Leonard Chin, his uncle, and Lee Perry. He scored another smash hit with "My Desire" (John Holt).

Pablo formed the labels Hot Stuff, Message and Rockers (named after his brother's soundsystem, Rockers), and released a steady stream of well-received instrumentals, mostly versions of older hits from Studio One. In spite of his success with Rockers, Pablo's 1974 album, This Is Augustus Pablo was recorded with Clive and Pat Chin. This was followed by a collaboration with the legendary reggae engineer King Tubby, 1975's Ital Dub.

In the later 1970s, Pablo produced a steady stream of hits, including the hit "Black Star Liner" (Fred Locks). He also worked with Dillinger, Norris Reid, I-Roy, Jacob Miller, Te -Track, The Immortals, Paul Blackman, Earl Sixteen, Roman Stewart, Lacksley Castell, The Heptones, Bob Marley, Ricky Grant, Delroy Wilson, Junior Delgado, Horace Andy and Freddy McKay. This period was eventually commemorated with critically acclaimed LPs including King Tubby Meets Rockers Uptown (1976) and Hugh Mundell's classic Africa Must be Free by 1983. This was followed by East of the River Nile (1978), Original Rockers (1979) and Rockers Meets King Tubby in a Firehouse, another acclaimed hit album.

In the 1980s, Pablo's career slowed significantly. In 1980, he appeared on the soundtrack of the documentary D.O.A. He had begun to establish an American audience and released Rising Sun in 1986 to good reviews and sales. Pablo also produced memorable hits, including "Ragamuffin Year" (Junior Delgado), "Humble Yourself" (Asher & Tremble) and "Far Far Away" (Ricky Grant). In addition, he toured extensively throughout the world, making a memorable live album in Tokyo in 1987. That same year, Rockers Come East re-established his career and he began to release a series of critically acclaimed though somewhat inaccessible albums in the 1990s, including Blowing With the Wind and also producing several, such as "Night & Day" (single) (Dawn Penn) and "Jah Made Them All" (Yami Bolo).

Augustus Pablo died as a result of a collapsed lung on 18 May 1999.^[4] He had been suffering for some time from the nerve disorder myasthenia gravis.^[5]

Selected discography[link]

• This Is...Augustus Pablo (1974)
• Thriller (1974)
• Ital Dub (1975)
• King Tubby Meets Rockers Uptown (1976)
• East of the River Nile (1977)
• Original Rockers (1979)
• Africa Must Be Free by... 1983 Dub (1979)
• Rockers Meets King Tubby in a Firehouse (1980)
• Authentic Golden Melodies (1980)
• Earth's Rightful Ruler (1982)
• King David's Melody (1983)
• Rising Sun (1986)
• Rebel Rock Reggae (1986)
• Rockers Come East (1987)
• Eastman Dub (1988)
• Presents Rockers Story (1989)
• Blowing with the Wind (1990)
• Presents Rockers International Showcase (1991)
• Meets King Tubby at the Control in Roots Vibes (1996)
• Red Sea (1998)
• Valley of Jehosaphat (1999)
• El Rocker's (2000)
• The Great Pablo (2000)
• Dubbing with the Don (2001)
• Jah Inspiration (2001)
• Skanking with Pablo: Melodica for Hire 1971–77 (2002)
• In Fine Style: 7" & 12" Selection 1973–79 (2003)
• The Essential Augustus Pablo (2005)
• Augustus Pablo Meets Lee Perry & the Wailers Band (Rare Dubs 1970–1971) (2006)
• The Mystic World of Augustus Pablo: The Rockers Story (2008)

References[link]

External links[link]

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. It needs additional citations for verification. Tagged since March 2010. It may contain original research. Tagged since March 2010.

Stanley Clarke
Clarke, touring with George Duke in The Netherlands
Background information
Born	(1951-06-30) June 30, 1951 (age 60) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Genres	Jazz, jazz fusion, funk, rock, pop, R&B
Occupations	Musician, Composer, Film scoreer
Instruments	Double bass, Electric Bass, piano, organ, vocals
Years active	1966–present
Labels	Polydor, Epic, Jazz Door, Heads Up International, Columbia, Sony, Portrait, Nemperor Records, IMS Records
Associated acts	Return to Forever, Chick Corea, Jeff Beck, Clarke/Duke Project, SMV, Animal Logic, George Duke
Website	Stanley Clarke.com
Notable instruments
Alembic Stanley Clarke Signature

Clarke with Return to Forever, Onondaga Community College Syracuse, NY, 1974

Stanley Clarke at Stockholm Jazz Festival, 2009

Stanley Clarke (born June 30, 1951 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American jazz musician and composer known for his innovative and influential work on double bass and electric bass as well as for his numerous film and television scores. He is best known for his work with the fusion band Return to Forever, and his role as a bandleader in several trios and ensembles.

Early life and education[link]

Clarke was born in Philadelphia. He was introduced to the bass as a schoolboy when he arrived late on the day instruments were distributed to students and acoustic bass was one of the few remaining selections.^[1] He is a graduate of Roxborough High School in Philadelphia. Having graduated from the Philadelphia Musical Academy, (which was absorbed into the University of the Arts in 1985), he moved to New York City in 1971 and began working with famous bandleaders and musicians including Horace Silver, Art Blakey, Dexter Gordon, Gato Barbieri, Joe Henderson, Chick Corea, Pharoah Sanders, Gil Evans and Stan Getz. He was an avid supporter of Scientology in his earlier musical productions, and referred to L. Ron Hubbard on most of his LP sleeves. His current association with Scientology is not known.

1970s[link]

During the 1970s he joined the jazz fusion group Return to Forever led by pianist and synth player Chick Corea. The group became one of the most important fusion groups and released several albums that achieved both mainstream popularity and plaudits from critics. Clarke also started his solo career in the early 1970s and released a number of albums under his own name. His well-known solo album is School Days (1976), which, along with Jaco Pastorius's self-titled debut, is one of the most influential solo bass recordings in fusion history. His albums Stanley Clarke (1974) and Journey to Love (1975) are also notable.

Scoring film and television[link]

Clarke began with TV scores for ABC's short-lived series A Man Called Hawk and an Emmy-nominated score for Pee-wee's Playhouse. Clarke then moved on to work as a composer, orchestrator, conductor and performer of scores for such films as: Boyz n the Hood, the biopic of Tina Turner What's Love Got to Do with It, Passenger 57, Higher Learning, Poetic Justice, Panther, The Five Heartbeats, Book of Love, Little Big League, and Romeo Must Die. He also scored the Luc Besson- produced/co-written action film, The Transporter, starring Jason Statham and a Michael Jackson video release directed by John Singleton entitled Remember the Time. In the 2000s, he composed music for the Showtime Network program Soul Food.

Right-hand bass guitar technique[link]

When playing bass guitar, Clarke places his right hand so that his fingers approach the strings much as they would on an upright bass, but rotated through 90 degrees. To achieve this, his forearm lies above and nearly parallel to the strings, while his wrist is hooked downward at nearly a right angle. For lead and solo playing, his fingers partially hook underneath the strings so that when released, the strings snap against the frets, producing a biting percussive attack. In addition to an economical variation on the funky Larry Graham-style slap-n'-pop technique, Clarke also uses downward thrusts of the entire right hand, striking two or more strings from above with his fingernails (examples of this technique include "School Days", "Rock and Roll Jelly", "Wild Dog", and "Danger Street").

Equipment[link]

Clarke has long been associated with Alembic basses, and much of his recorded output has been produced on Alembic instruments, particularly a dark-wood-colored custom bass in the Series I body style. These basses are handmade neck-through-body instruments made from a mixture of exotic woods and a proprietary active pickup system that is powered from an external power supply. A Stanley Clarke Signature Model bass guitar is produced by Alembic. Clarke also utilizes full-range amplification for his basses, including two QSC 2050 amplifiers, more in keeping with a keyboardist's rig than a bassist's or guitarists. To extend his melodic range, he also plays on tenor and piccolo basses. Clarke's are usually short scale (78 cm or 30.75"), four string, Carl Thompson or Alembic.

In the late 1970s, Clarke was playing Rick Turner's first graphite neck on his Alembic "Black Beauty" bass, and he decided to have an all composite bass made. He commissioned designer/luthier Tom Lieber to design and build this bass, having purchased one of Lieber's Spider grinder basses in 1979. In 1980 Lieber and Clarke formed the Spellbinder Corporation and produced a limited run of fifty Spellbinder basses. One left-handed bass was built as a gift from Stanley to Paul McCartney. After the run, the molds were destroyed. In 2007 Clarke once again teamed up with Lieber and Rick Turner to reform the Spellbinder Corp. and produce a limited run of 125 of the Spellbinder Bass II, which he played on the RTF reunion tour. Clarke has also played a Ken Smith BT Custom, and a German made Löwenherz Tenor Bass

His actual pedalboard consists of a TC Electronic G-System, an MXR Bass Octave Deluxe and an EBS Bass IQ Envelope.

Collaborations[link]

Clarke, on tour with Jeff Beck, in Amsterdam May 7, 1979

Clarke formed Animal Logic with rock drummer Stewart Copeland, after the break-up of The Police, and singer-songwriter Deborah Holland. Other notable (recording/touring) project involvements are: (1979) Jeff Beck, (1979) Ron Wood's New Barbarians, (1981, 1983, 1990) Clarke/Duke Project with George Duke, (1984) with Miroslav Vitouš,^[2] (1989) Animal Logic with Stewart Copeland, (1993–94), A group with Larry Carlton, Billy Cobham, Najee & Deron Johnson, (1995) The Rite of Strings with Jean-Luc Ponty and Al Di Meola and (1999) Vertu’ with Lenny White and Richie Kotzen. In addition to touring with his own band, Clarke continues also collaborates with other artists on tour. During the summer and fall of 2007 he toured with his The Rite of Strings comrades, Al DiMeola and Jean-Luc Ponty. In addition to a date in France and dates in the Eastern U.S., the tour included shows in South America.

In 2006 Clarke joined old friend George Duke for a 40-city tour of festivals and performing arts centers. This was the first time Clarke and Duke had toured together in fifteen years. The duo first teamed to form the Clarke/Duke Project in 1981. They scored a Top 20 hit with "Sweet Baby" and recorded three albums. In 2005 Clarke toured as Trio! with banjo player Béla Fleck and Jean-Luc Ponty. The U.S. and European tour was nominated for a 2006 Jammy Award in the category of "Tour of the Year."

[edit] Night School

Early in 2007, Clarke's own Roxboro Entertainment Group released a DVD entitled Night School: An Evening with Stanley Clarke and Friends (HUDV-7118) through the Heads Up International label. The 90-minute presentation documents the third annual Stanley Clarke Scholarship Concert, recorded at Musicians Institute in Hollywood, CA, in October 2002. The group offers scholarships to students in financial need who excel in music. The Night School DVD scholarship concert features diverse group of musicians that include Stevie Wonder, Wallace Roney, Bela Fleck, Sheila E., Stewart Copeland, the Red Hot Chili Peppers’ Flea, Wayman Tisdale, Marcus Miller and others. Night School captures performances that range from straight-ahead jazz to full-tilt rock fusion to a twenty-two-piece string ensemble.

2000s[link]

Stanley Clarke at Stockholm Jazz Festival, 2009

Stanley Clarke and Victor Wooten in the SMV Thunder Tour at Stockholm Jazz Festival, 2009

Since the 1980s, Clarke has been turned much of his energy to television and film scores. He is credited for the scores for the ABC Family Channel series Lincoln Heights as well as composing the theme song for the show. In October 2006, Clarke was honored with Bass Player magazine's Lifetime Achievement Award. Bassists Marcus Miller and Victor Wooten presented the award at a ceremony at New York City's Millennium Broadway Hotel. Stanley who won a Grammy Award in 1975 was the first “Jazzman of the Year” for Rolling Stone magazine, won "Best Bassist" from Playboy magazine for 10 straight years, and is a member of Guitar Player magazine's "Gallery of Greats." He was honored with the Key to the city of Philadelphia and put his hands in cement as a 1999 inductee into the Hollywood Walk of Fame on Sunset Boulevard. In 2004 he was featured in Los Angeles magazine as one of the 50 most influential people.

BET-J launched a series hosted by Clarke entitled On the Road with Stanley Clarke in June 2006. The series consists of seven episodes titled "Origins of Black Music," "That Philly Sound," "Jazz Beyond the Classroom," "Black Music in Film, Television & Theatre," "Jazz," "Black Music in Film – The Next Generation:" and "Bass to Bass." Some of his guests include Terence Blanchard, Marcus Miller, George Duke, The Tate Brothers, Gamble and Huff, and academicians Dr. Jacqueline Cogdell DjeDje and Dr. Cheryl Keyes from the Department of Ethnomusicology at UCLA among many others. On the Road with Stanley Clarke episodes were re-broadcast on BET-J in 2007. In 2008, Stanley was presented with a doctorate in fine arts from his alma mater, the The University of the Arts. He has three children (Chris and two stepchildren, Natasha and Frank).

Recent records[link]

Clarke's latest records include The Toys of Men in 2007. This was his first release in five years, on October 17, 2007. The first week of release it went to No.2 on Billboard charts' Contemporary Jazz Chart. The 13-track CD examines the issue of war, and it includes performances by vocalist/bassist Esperanza Spalding, keyboardist Ruslan Sirota, percussionist Paulinho da Costa and violinist Mads Tolling. The Toys of Men includes acoustic bass interludes that provide a counterpoint to Clarke's better known electric bass attack. 2009 saw his release of Jazz in the Garden, featuring the Stanley Clarke Trio: with Clarke, pianist Hiromi Uehara, and Lenny White on drums. In 2010, Clarke released the Stanley Clarke Band, with Ruslan Sirota on keyboards and piano and Ronald Bruner, Jr. on drums; the album also features Hiromi on piano (as a guest artist), along with many others.^[3] On February 13, the Stanley Clarke Band won the Grammy for Best Contemporary Jazz Album.

Discography[link]

with Return to Forever[link]

with Pharoah Sanders[link]

• Black Unity (Impulse!, 1971)
• Village of the Pharoahs (Impulse!, 1973)

with The New Barbarians[link]

• Buried Alive (recorded 1979, released 2006)

with Joe Farrell[link]

• Moon Germs (CTI, 1972)

With Hubert Laws[link]

• The Chicago Theme (CTI, 1974)

[edit] With Airto Moreira

• Free (CTI, 1972)
• Virgin Land (Salvation, 1974)

As a co-leader/band member[link]

• Flora Purim – Butterfly Dreams (1973)
• Echoes of an Era (with Chaka Khan)
• Echoes of an Era 2 Live (with Nancy Wilson)
• The Griffith Park Collection
• The Griffith Park Collection 2 In Concert
• Fuse One (CTI) (1980)
• Fuse One – Silk (CTI) (1981)
• Clarke/Duke Project (with George Duke) (1981)
• Clarke/Duke Project II (1983)
• Clarke/Duke Project III (1990)
• Live in Montreux, 1988 (1993, Jazz Door-bootleg)
• Stanley Clarke & Friends (with Larry Carlton, Billy Cobham, Deron Johnson & Najee)
• Live At The Greek (1994)
• The Manhattan Project (with Lenny White, Michel Petrucciani, Wayne Shorter) (1989)
• Animal Logic (with Stewart Copeland, Deborah Holland) (1989)
• Animal Logic II (1991)
• Implosions (with Randy Brecker, McCoy Tyner, Frank Morgan, Peter Erskine, Roger Kellaway and Ernie Watts) (1987)
• The Rite of Strings (with Al Di Meola and Jean Luc Ponty) (1995)
• Vertu’ – Stanley Clarke, Lenny White, Karen Briggs, Rachel Z, Richie Kotzen (1999)
• McCoy Tyner with Stanley Clarke and Al Foster (2000)
• Thunder, as SMV (with Marcus Miller and Victor Wooten) (2008)
• Jazz in the Garden (The Stanley Clarke Trio with Hiromi and Lenny White) (2009)

As a producer[link]

• In The Dark, Roy Ayers
• Loading Zone, Roy Buchanan
• Just Family, Dee Dee Bridgewater
• I’m Ready, Natalie Cole
• Hollywood, Maynard Ferguson
• Free Flight – Illuminations
• Rodney Franklin – Diamonds Inside of You
• Howard Hewett – I Commit to Love
• Kent Jordan – No Question About it
• Ramsey Lewis & Nancy Wilson – The Two of Us
• Jeff Lorber
• Marilyn McCoo
• Brenda Russell
• Shalamar – The Look
• Billy Shields – Shieldstone (Optimism Records)
• Jim Walker – Private Flight
• Lips (Bobby Malach, Al Williams, Al Harrison, James Tinsley, Ronnie Foster, Lenny White, Marcus Miller, Raymond Gomez, Nick Morock, Don Blackman, Leon "Ndugu" Chancler and Clarke) (Nemperor Records/CBS Records, 1978)

Filmography[link]

Feature films[link]

Like Mike 2: Streetball 2006 directed by David Nelson

Into the Sun 2005 directed by mink

Roll Bounce 2005 directed by Malcolm D. Lee

The Transporter 2002 directed by Luc Besson, Louis Leterrier, Corey Yuen

Undisputed 2002 directed by Walter Hill

Undercover Brother 2002 directed by Malcolm D. Lee

Romeo Must Die 2000 directed by Andrzej Bartkowiak

Dangerous Ground 1999 directed by Darrell Roodt

The Best Man 1999 directed by Malcolm D. Lee

Down in the Delta 1998 directed by Maya Angelou

B*A*P*S 1997 directed by Robert Townsend

Sprung 1997 directed by Rusty Cundieff

Eddie 1996 directed by Steve Rash

Higher Learning 1995 directed by John Singleton

Panther 1995 directed by Mario Van Peebles

The Show 1995 directed by Brian Robbins

Bleeding Hearts 1994 directed by Gregory Hines

Little Big League 1994 directed by Andrew Scheinman

Red Hot 1993 Paul Haggis

Watch It 1993 directed by Tom Flynn

What's Love Got to Do with It (the Tina Turner story) 1993 directed by Brian Gibson

Poetic Justice 1993 directed by John Singleton

Passenger 57 1992 directed by Kevin Hooks

Boyz n the Hood 1991 directed by John Singleton

Cool as Ice 1991 directed by David Kellogg

The Five Heartbeats 1991 directed by Robert Townsend

The Book Of Love 1990 directed by Robert Shaye

Tap 1989 directed by Nick Castle

One Down Two To Go 1983 directed by Fred Williamson

Television[link]

“Lincoln Heights” (Series) 2006 – present ABC Family Channel

“Soul Food” (Series) 2000–2004 directed by Felicia D. Henderson

“Tales from the Crypt” 1990 directed by Jack Sholder, Joel Silver (Episode: “Fitting Punishment”)

“Hull High” (Series) 1990 directed by Gil Grant, Bruce Bilson, Kenny Ortega, Steven Robman

“A Man Called Hawk” (Series) 1989 directed by Mario Di Leo, Bill Duke, Harry Falk, Winrich Kolbe, Stan Lathan, Sigmund Neufeld Jr, Virgil W. Vogel

Pee Wee's Playhouse (Selected Episodes) 1986 directed by Bill Freiberger, Steven Johnson, Guy J. Loutham, William Orr, Paul Reubens

“Knightwatch” (Series) 1988 -1989 directed by Sharron Miller, Kevin Rodney Sullivan

Television movies[link]

“Murder She Wrote: The Celtic Riddle” 2003 directed by Anthony Pullen Shaw

“The Big Time” 2002 directed by Paris Barclay

“Little John” (Hallmark Hall of Fame) 2002 directed by Dick Lowry

“The Red Sneakers” 2002 directed by Gregory Hines

“Murder She Wrote: The Last Free Man” 2001 directed by Anthony Pullen Shaw

“The Color of Friendship” 2000 directed by Kevin Hooks

“The Loretta Claiborne Story” 2000 directed by Lee Grant

“Rocky Marciano” 1999 directed by Charles Winkler

“Funny Valentines” 1999 directed by Julie Dash

“If You Believe” 1999 directed by Alan Metzger

“Love Kills” 1998 directed by Brian Grant

“On the Line” 1998 directed by Elodie Keene

“Road to Galveston” 1996 directed by Michael Toshiyuki Uno

“The Cherokee Kid” 1996 directed by Paris Barclay

“Royce” 1994 directed by Rob Holcomb

“Relentless: Mind of a Killer” 1993 directed by John Patterson

“Boy Meets Girl” 1993 directed by Kevin Rodney Sullivan

Final Shot: The Hank Gathers Story 1992 directed by Charles Braverman

“Prison Stories: Women on the Inside” 1991 directed by Donna Deitch, Joan Micklin Silver, Penelope Spheeris

“The Kid Who Loved Christmas” 1990 directed by Arthur Allan Seidelman

“The Court Martial of Jackie Robinson” 1990 directed by Larry Peerce

“Blue Bayou” 1990 directed by Karen Arthur

“Dangerous Pursuit” 1990 directed by Sandor Stern

“Tales from the Whoop” 1990 directed by Whoopi Goldberg

“Out on the Edge” 1989 directed by John Pasquin

Animation[link]

“Static Shock” (Series) 2000 directed by Denys Cowan, Dan Riba

“Waynehead” (Series) 1996–1997 directed by Damon Wayans

“Cool Like That Christmas” 1994 directed by David Feiss, Swinton O. Scott III

Music videos[link]

“Michael Jackson: Remember the Time” 1992 directed by John Singleton

Documentaries[link]

Meet Bob Shaye 2004 directed by Jeffery Schwartz

Maryanne e gli altri (Italy) 1995 directed by Ita Cesa, Giuseppe Selva

References[link]

1. ^ Live Interview with David Dye, November 2, 2007
2. ^ 1984 Sydney Town Hall, producer Ian Davis (ABC radio)
3. ^ Concord Music Group. "The Stanley Clarke Band". http://www.concordmusicgroup.com/albums/The-Stanley-Clarke-Band/. Retrieved June 28, 2010. 

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Stanley Clarke

• stanleyclarke.com – Stanley Clarke's official website