A pie chart.

A chart is a graphical representation of data, in which "the data is represented by symbols, such as bars in a bar chart, lines in a line chart, or slices in a pie chart".^[1] A chart can represent tabular numeric data, functions or some kinds of qualitative structures.

The term "chart" as a graphical representation of data has multiple meanings:

• A data chart is a type of diagram or graph, that organizes and represents a set of numerical or qualitative data.
• Maps that are adorned with extra information for some specific purpose are often known as charts, such as a nautical chart or aeronautical chart.
• Other domain specific constructs are sometimes called charts, such as the chord chart in music notation or a record chart for album popularity.

Charts are often used to ease understanding of large quantities of data and the relationships between parts of the data. Charts can usually be read more quickly than the raw data that they are produced from. They are used in a wide variety of fields, and can be created by hand (often on graph paper) or by computer using a charting application. Certain types of charts are more useful for presenting a given data set than others. For example, data that presents percentages in different groups (such as "satisfied, not satisfied, unsure") are often displayed in a pie chart, but may be more easily understood when presented in a horizontal bar chart.^[2] On the other hand, data that represents numbers that change over a period of time (such as "annual revenue from 1990 to 2000") might be best shown as a line chart.

Features of a chart[link]

A chart can take a large variety ; however, there are common features that provide the chart with its ability to extract meaning from data.

Typically a chart is graphical, containing very little text, since humans are generally able to infer meaning from pictures quicker than from text. One of the more important uses of text in a graph is in the title. A graph's title usually appears above the main graphic and provides a succinct description of what the data in the graph refers to.

Dimensions in the data are often displayed on axes. If a horizontal and a vertical axis are used, they are usually referred to as the x-axis and y-axis respectively. Each axis will have a scale, denoted by periodic graduations and usually accompanied by numerical or categorical indications. Each axis will typically also have a label displayed outside or beside it, briefly describing the dimension represented. If the scale is numerical, the label will often be suffixed with the unit of that scale in parentheses. For example, "Distance traveled (m)" is a typical x-axis label and would mean that the distance travelled in metres is related to the horizontal position of the data.

Within the graph a grid of lines may appear to aid in the visual alignment of data. The grid can be enhanced by visually emphasizing the lines at regular or significant graduations. The emphasized lines are then called major grid lines and the rest of the grid lines are minor grid lines.

The data of a chart can appear in all manner of formats, with or without individual labels. It may appear as dots or shapes, connected or unconnected, and in any combination of colors and patterns. Inferences or points of interest can be overlayed directly on the graph to further aid information extraction.

When the data appearing in a chart contains multiple variables, the chart may include a legend. A legend contains a list of the variables appearing in the chart and an example of their appearance. This information allows the data from each variable to be identified in the chart.

Types of charts[link]

Common charts[link]

Four of the most common charts are:

• 

  Histogram

• 

  Bar chart

• 

  Pie chart

• 

  Line chart

This gallery shows:

• A histogram consists of tabular frequencies, shown as adjacent rectangles, erected over discrete intervals (bins), with an area equal to the frequency of the observations in the interval.
• A bar chart is a chart with rectangular bars with lengths proportional to the values that they represent. The bars can be plotted vertically or horizontally.
• A pie chart shows percentage values as a slice of a pie.
• A line chart is a two-dimensional scatterplot of ordered observations where the observations are connected following their order.

Other common charts are:

• 

  Timeline chart

• 

  Organizational chart

• 

  Tree chart

• 

  Flow chart

• 

  Area chart

• 

  Cartogram

• 

  Pedigree chart

Less-common charts[link]

Examples of less common charts are:

• 

  Bubble chart

• 

  Polar area diagram

• Waterfall-chart.jpg

  Waterfall chart

• 

  Radar chart

• 

  Tree map

This gallery shows:

• A bubble chart is a two-dimensional scatterplot where a third variable is represented by the size of the points.
• A Polar area diagram, sometimes called a Coxcomb chart, is an enhanced form of pie chart developed by Florence Nightingale.
• A radar chart or "spider chart" is a two-dimensional chart of three or more quantitative variables represented on axes starting from the same point.
• A waterfall chart also known as a "Walk" chart, is a special type of floating-column chart.
• A Tree Map where the areas of the rectangles correspond to values. Other dimensions can be represented with colour or hue.

Field-specific charts[link]

Some types of charts have specific uses in a certain field

• 

  Open-high-low-close chart

• Candlestick-chart.png

  Candlestick chart

• 

  Kagi chart

• 

  Sparkline

This gallery shows:

• Stock market prices are often depicted with a open-high-low-close chart with a traditional bar chart of volume at the bottom.
• Candlestick charts are another type of bar chart used to describe price movements of an equity over time.
• A Kagi chart is a time-independent stock tracking chart that attempts to minimise noise.
• Alternatively, where less detail is required, and chart size is paramount, a Sparkline may be used.

Other examples:

• Interest rates, temperatures, etc., at the close of the period are plotted with a line chart.
• Project planners use a Gantt chart to show the timing of tasks as they occur over time.

Well-known named charts[link]

Some of the better-known named charts are:

• 

  Gantt chart

• 

  Nolan chart

• 

  PERT chart

• 

  Smith chart

Some specific charts have become well known by effectively explaining a phenomenon or idea.

• An Allele chart is a chart originating from the study of genetics to show the interaction of two data points in a grid.
• A Gantt chart helps in scheduling complex projects.
• The Nolan chart and the Pournelle chart classify political philosophies according to two axes of variation.
• A PERT chart is often used in project management.
• The Smith chart serves in radio electronics.

Other charts[link]

There are dozens of other types of charts. Here are some of them:

• 

  Control chart

• 

  Natal chart

• 

  Nomogram

• 

  Pareto chart

• 

  Run chart

• 

  Structure chart

• 

  Vowel chart

• 

  Strip chart

• 

  Heatmap

Common plots[link]

• 

  Box plot

• 

  Dot plot (statistics)

• 

  Probability plot

• 

  Scatterplot

• 

  Biplot

Chart Software[link]

There are many different types of software available to produce charts.

JavaScript[link]

• D3.js - HTML5/CSS3/SVG, BSD license
• JS InfoVis Toolkit - HTML5/SVG, MIT license
• Envision.js - HTML5, MIT license
• Sencha ExtJS 4 Charts - HTML5/SVG/Canvas, GPL or Commercial license
• Sencha Touch Charts - HTML5/SVG/Canvas, GPL or Commercial license

Excel[link]

• Microsoft Excel - Built in charting function for basic chart types

Java[link]

• JFreeChart - Free Java based chart software

Flash[link]

• AnyChart - Cross browser / Cross platform / Flash/JavaScript (HTML5) / Multiple data input / Variety of chart output / AnyChart Free Trial / AnyChart Full Version Purchase
• FusionCharts - Cross browser / Cross server-side technologies / Flash/JavaScript (HTML5) / Multiple mobile devices / Variety of chart output /

See also[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Chart

• Diagram
• Edward Tufte
• Exploratory data analysis
• Information graphics
• Graphic organizer
• Mathematical diagram
• Official statistics
• Plot (graphics)
• Comparison of Adobe Flex charts

References[link]

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2008)

Reggie Yates
Born	Reggie Yates (1983-05-31) 31 May 1983 (age 29) Archway, London Borough of Islington, London, United Kingdom
Website
officialreggieyates.com

Reggie Yates (born 31 May 1983 in Archway, London) is a British actor, television presenter and radio DJ of Ghanaian descent. He went to Central Foundation Boys' School.

Early career[link]

Yates made his first TV appearance in Desmond's at the age of 8. He also appeared in Disney Club as Robbie. In 1998, Reggie appeared as a guest presenter on Diggit on CITV also under the name Robbie. In 2002, he played Carl Fenton in the popular children's series Grange Hill. From 2002 to 2004, he presented the Sunday morning programme Smile, and then went on to present Top of the Pops with former Smile co-host Fearne Cotton before the final episode broadcast on BBC Two on 30 July 2006. He also created and starred in the series The Crust and presented Dance Factory and his own radio show on BBC Radio 1,

Other roles[link]

He appeared on Stars in Fast Cars on 10 March 2006 and won his group to get into the final, beating Elton Welsby and Ben Fogle in the last round.

He presented Mighty Truck of Stuff and "Only in America" with Fearne Cotton on CBBC as well as his own show on BBC Radio 1 with Fearne Cotton. They presented a breakfast show on Saturday and Sunday mornings. They played from 7:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m. They then went on to present the Radio 1 Chart Show starting on 14 October 2007 until Sunday 20 September 2009. Fearne left following her promotion to weekday mornings on Radio 1 from 10:00 a.m.–12:45 p.m. leaving Reggie to present on his own. They took over from JK & Joel, who have now left the station.^[1] In addition to the chart show, Yates also presents a request show on Saturday afternoons, known as The Radio 1 Request Show where listeners can send in a text or phone in to request a song.

In 2006 he appeared on a Reality TV Special of The Weakest Link where he was voted off in the fourth round.

In 2007, he appeared in the third series of revived science-fiction series Doctor Who as Leo Jones, brother of the Tenth Doctor's companion Martha.^[2]

Reggie also presented Escape from Scorpion Island with co presenter Caroline Flack^[when?].

He also appeared on Dizzee Rascal's single "Flex" music video as one of the judges^[when?].

Recently^[when?] Reggie co-hosted the MOBO Awards 2009 with Keri Hilson at the SECC, Glasgow. He has also presented live coverage of the Glastonbury, Reading and T in the Park music festivals for BBC Three, and interviewed stars such as Estelle and 50 Cent for MTV specials.

He also made a cameo appearance in Jack Osbourne's Celebrity Adrenaline Junkie alongside Joanna Page and Jesse Metcalfe.

Recently^[when?] Reggie appeared in a Special Family Guy show on BBC Three counting down the top 20 characters of the show, part of a special Family Guy Weekend.

In 2011, Reggie voiced the main character, Rastamouse, in the new CBeebies television show Rastamouse. In March 2011, he appeared with Lenny Henry, Angela Rippon and Samantha Womack in the BBC fundraising documentary for Comic Relief called Famous, Rich and in the Slums, where the four celebrities were sent to Kibera in Kenya, Africa's largest slum.^[3] In October 2011 Reggie stars in Arjun Rose UK slasher 'Demons Never Die' as Officer Mason.

[edit] Comic Relief Does Fame Academy

In 2005, he appeared in the BBC singing contest Comic Relief Does Fame Academy in aid of Comic Relief, finishing in fourth place. On the show, his songs included "Boombastic", "You're The First, The Last, My Everything", "It Ain't Over Til It's Over", "U Can't Touch This" and "This Old Heart of Mine (Is Weak for You)". He also sang a duet, "It Takes Two", with Edith Bowman, the eventual winner of the show. He dyed his hair red for his performance of "Dancing on the Ceiling".

Personal life[link]

Yates is a fan of Arsenal Football Club.^[4] Yates is also a good friend of Fearne Cotton; he DJed with her on Radio 1's Chart show and request show; their last show was broadcast on 20 September 2009.

The London Lite reported that TV/radio personality Reggie Yates and singer Kelly Rowland attempted to hide from photographers while they ate at the Nozomi restaurant in Knightsbridge, London on 28 January 2008. The couple were first labelled as "an item" in late 2007 when they were spotted at a party together and have been keeping quiet about their relationship. Reggie Yates also presented the star with a pair of expensive Butler and Wilson earrings as he interviewed her at the MTV European Music Awards. Yates revealed on his radio show that he is teetotal and had his first and only ever alcoholic drink on New Year's Eve 2010.

Reggie Yates: Teen Gangs[link]

As part of BBC THREE'S Criminal Britain Season, Yates explored the culture of fear, anger and violence which drives the dangerous world of teen gangs.The show involved Yates speaking to many gang members as well as ex-gang members to find out about why and how teens get into gangs. He also found out about the ways in which gang members can escape the life of violence and anger.

Television[link]

• Mighty Truck of Stuff (CBBC)
• Top of the Pops (BBC1)
• Only in America
• Dance Factory
• Beckham's Hotshots
• Smile (BBC2)
• Bring It On (BBC1)
• UGetMe (CBBC, BBC1)
• Trevor Nelson's Lowdown (BBC3)
• The Big C Concert (BBC)
• Blue Peter Jubilee Special (BBC)
• Kids Passport to London (Miramax)
• Disney Club
• Diggit, RoadHog (Buena Vista)
• Get 100 (CBBC)
• Escape from Scorpion Island (CBBC)
• The Almost Perfect Guide to Life (BBC Switch)
• MTV Base Backstage EMA 2007 (MTV Base)
• MOBO Awards 2009 (BBC)
• Autistic Superstars 2010 (BBC Three)
• Frankenstein's Wedding... Live In Leeds (BBC Three)
• Reggie Yates: Teen Gangs (BBC Three)
• The Voice UK (BBC One)

Radio presenting[link]

• Fearne & Reggie (BBC Radio 1)
• The Trevor Nelson Show (BBC Radio 1)
• Reg & Dev (BBC Radio 1Xtra)
• Smile Radio (Smile Website)
• The UK Top 40 (Formally known as Radio 1's Chart Show) (BBC Radio 1)
• The Fearne & Reggie Saturday request show (BBC Radio 1)
• The Request Show with Reggie Yates (BBC Radio 1)

Current shows

• The Official Chart with Reggie Yates (BBC Radio 1)

Television acting[link]

• The Crust (Archie)
• UGetMe (Calvin)
• Grange Hill (BBC)
• The Bill (ITV)
• Priest (Screen Two)
• Family Affairs (Five)
• I Bring You Frankincense (Crucial Films)
• Ghostbusters of East Finchley (BBC)
• Agent Z and the Penguin from Mars (Jenks) (BBC)
• Focus (Harrison) (BBC Schools)
• Pirates (Child's Play)
• A Bit of Fry & Laurie (BBC)
• Children's Society (Breechhurst)
• Between the Lines (BBC)
• Desmonds (Humphrey Barclay)
• Promotional Advert (Trouble TV)
• Stars in Fast Cars (BBC)
• Doctor Who (BBC) (as Leo Jones)
• Trinity (ITV2)
• Rastamouse (CBeebies)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website
• The Official Chart on Radio 1
• Reggie Yates on Myspace
• Reggie Yates at the Internet Movie Database
• Reggie Yates Photography