Thomas Chubb (September 29, 1679 – February 8, 1747) was an English lay Deist writer, born near Salisbury.

Chubb regarded Christ as a divine teacher, but held reason to be sovereign in matters of religion, questioned religions' morality, yet was on rational grounds a defender of Christianity. He had no learning, but was well up in the religious controversies of the time.

Chubb wrote The True Gospel of Jesus Christ, Asserted^[1] wherein he stated that one must distinguish between the teaching of Jesus and that of the Apostles who wrote that the Gospels.

Chubb's views concerning free will and determinism, as expressed in his book A Collection of Tracts on Various Subjects (1730) was the subject of extensive criticism by Jonathan Edwards in his book Freedom of the Will (1754).^[2]

Works[link]

He published tracts, one of which, The Previous Question with regard to Religion, went through four editions, three in 1725. They were collected in a quarto volume in 1730, and attracted wider notice. (A second edition, in 2 volumes which appeared in 1754 included 35 tracts.) Chubb was encouraged to write further tracts. A disciple of Samuel Clarke, he gradually diverged from Arianism into a modified deism.^[3]

In 1731 he published a Discourse concerning Reason, … (showing that) reason is, or else that it ought to be, a sufficient guide in matters of Religion. Some ‘reflections’ upon ‘moral and positive duty’ were added, suggested by Clarke's Exposition of the Catechism. In 1732 he published The Sufficiency of Reason further considered … appended to an ‘enquiry’ directed against a recent sermon by Samuel Croxall, and urging that the celebration of Charles I's martyrdom was inconsistent with the celebration of William III's arrival.^[3]

In 1734 appeared four tracts, in which he attacks the common theory of inspiration, argues that the resurrection of Christ was not a proof of his divine mission, and criticises the story of Abraham's sacrifice of Isaac. The whole argument showed an increasing scepticism, and the argument about Abraham led to some controversy. He returned to the question in 1735 in some ‘Observations’ on Thomas Rundle's nomination to the see of Gloucester, Rundle having been accused of disbelieving the story. Three tracts are added in continuation of the former discussion.^[3]

In 1738 Chubb published ‘The True Gospel of Jesus Christ asserted,’ which provoked various attacks and was followed by ‘The True Gospel of Jesus vindicated,’ and ‘An Enquiry into the Ground and Foundation of Religion, wherein it is shown that Religion is founded on Nature.’ His doctrine is that true Christianity consists entirely in the belief that morality alone can make men acceptable to God, that repentance for sin will secure God's mercy, and that there will be a future retribution; three points upon which he constantly insists. In 1740 appeared an ‘Enquiry into the Ground and Foundation of Religion,’ including a controversy with Henry Stebbing. Chubb, arguing against the literal interpretation of the command to give all to the poor, observes that Stebbing has two livings, a preachership and an archdeaconry, and is now becoming chancellor of the diocese of Salisbury, and can therefore hardly interpret the command literally for himself.^[3]

In 1741 appeared a ‘Discourse on Miracles,’ arguing that they can at most afford a ‘probable proof’ of a revelation; in 1743 an ‘Enquiry concerning Redemption,’ in which he defends himself against some sneers of William Warburton's; and in 1745, ‘The Ground and Foundation of Morality considered,’ an attack on Thomas Rutherforth's theory of self-love. The last work Chubb published himself was ‘Four Dissertations’ (1746), in which he attacks some passages in the Old Testament with a freedom which gave wide offence.^[3]

External links[link]

• Thomas Chubb, A Collection of Tracts on Various Subjects (London, 1730). On Google Books.

See also[link]

• higher criticism

References[link]

Attribution

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain:  Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.  This article incorporates text from the public domain 1907 edition of The Nuttall Encyclopædia.

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Jeremy Thomas
Thomas at the 2009 Toronto International Film Festival
Born	(1949-07-26) 26 July 1949 (age 62) London, England
Occupation	Film producer
Years active	1976 - present
Spouse	Eski Thomas

Jeremy Jack Thomas, CBE (born 26 July 1949) is a British film producer, founder of the Recorded Picture Company. He was the producer of Bernardo Bertolucci's The Last Emperor, which won the 1988 Academy Award for Best Picture. In 2006 he received a European Film Award for Outstanding European Achievement in World Cinema. His father was director Ralph Thomas (director of many of the "Doctor" films), while his uncle Gerald Thomas directed all of the Carry On Films.

Life and career[link]

Cinema has always been a part of Thomas' life. He was born in London, England into a filmmaking family with his father, Ralph Philip Thomas, and uncle, Gerald, both directors.^[1] His childhood ambition was to work in cinema. As soon as he left school he went to work in various positions, ending up in the cutting rooms working on films such as The Harder They Come, Family Life and The Golden Voyage of Sinbad, and worked through the ranks to become a film editor for Ken Loach on A Misfortune.

After editing Philippe Mora's Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?, he produced his first film Mad Dog Morgan in 1974 in Australia. He then returned to England to produce Jerzy Skolimowski's The Shout, which won the Grand Prix de Jury at the Cannes Film Festival.

Thomas’ films are all highly individual and his independence of spirit has paid off both artistically and commercially. His extensive output of over forty films includes three films directed by Nicolas Roeg: Bad Timing, Eureka and Insignificance, Julien Temple's The Great Rock 'n' Roll Swindle, Nagisa Oshima's Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence, and The Hit directed by Stephen Frears.

In 1986, Thomas produced Bernardo Bertolucci’s epic, The Last Emperor, an independently financed project that was three years in the making. A commercial and critical triumph, the film swept the board at the 1987 Academy Awards, garnering an outstanding nine Oscars including Best Picture.

Thomas has since completed many films including Karel Reisz’s film of Arthur Miller’s screenplay Everybody Wins, Bertolucci's film of Paul Bowles’ The Sheltering Sky, Little Buddha and Stealing Beauty, David Cronenberg’s films of William S. Burroughs’ Naked Lunch, J. G. Ballard’s Crash and Christopher Hampton's A Dangerous Method (based on Hampton's The Talking Cure). In 1997 Thomas directed All the Little Animals, starring John Hurt and Christian Bale, which was in the Official Selection at Cannes. Other recent credits include Jonathan Glazer’s Sexy Beast, Takeshi Kitano’s Brother, Khyentse Norbu’s The Cup, Phillip Noyce’s Rabbit-Proof Fence, David Mackenzie’s film of Alexander Trocchi’s Young Adam, Bernardo Bertolucci’s The Dreamers, Terry Gilliam’s Tideland, Wim Wenders’ Don't Come Knocking, Richard Linklater’s Fast Food Nation and Gerald McMorrow’s Franklyn, starring Eva Green, Sam Riley and Ryan Phillippe. His film, Jon Amiel’s Creation, about the life of Charles Darwin, with Paul Bettany and Jennifer Connelly in the leads, was the Opening Gala of the 2009 Toronto Film Festival.

In 2010, Thomas premiered Jerzy Skolimowski’s Essential Killing and Takashi Miike’s 13 Assassins at the Venice Film Festival, both of which he executive-produced. Essential Killing went on to win the Jury Prize and two others, a triple win unprecedented in the Festival’s history. He also executive-produced Wim Wenders’ 3D dance film Pina, which premiered at the 2011 Berlinale. At Cannes 2011, Thomas premiered Takashi Miike’s new film, Hara-Kiri: Death of a Samurai, the first 3D film to show In Competition.

Thomas’ upcoming releases include David Cronenberg’s A Dangerous Method, written by Christopher Hampton and starring Keira Knightley, Viggo Mortensen, Michael Fassbender and Vincent Cassel, which will premiere at Venice and Toronto Film Festivals 2011. He is currently in post-production on the epic adventure Kon-Tiki with directors Joachim Roenning and Espen Sandberg. Thomas has films by Jim Jarmusch, Vincenzo Natali and Phillip Noyce upcoming on his slate.

Thomas has said of his ethos:

In 1998, Thomas founded his international sales arm, HanWay Films, to service his own productions. HanWay has since expanded to sell third party projects as well as handling the libraries of many of the world's best-known filmmakers.

Thomas was Chairman of the British Film Institute from August 1992 until December 1997 and has been the recipient of many awards throughout the world, including the Michael Balcon Award for Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema from BAFTA, and the European Film Award for Outstanding European Achievement in World Cinema. He has been President of the Jury at Tokyo Film Festival, San Sebastian Film Festival, Berlin Film Festival^[3] and Cannes Film Festival (Un Certain Regard) and has also served on the main jury at Cannes. He was made a Life Fellow of the British Film Institute in 2000.

Thomas was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2009 New Year Honours.^[4]

In March 2010, at the opening address of the FT Business of Film Summit in Doha, Tarak Ben Ammar announced: "Where I think Arab money should be going [is] to help finance the Jeremy Thomases of the world."^[5]

Filmography[link]

• Mad Dog Morgan (1976, directed by Philippe Mora)
• The Shout (1978, directed by Jerzy Skolimowski)
• The Great Rock 'n' Roll Swindle (1979, directed by Julien Temple) (Executive producer)
• Bad Timing (1980, directed by Nicolas Roeg)
• Eureka (1982, directed by Nicolas Roeg)
• Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence (1982, directed by Nagisa Oshima)
• The Hit (1984, directed by Stephen Frears)
• Insignificance (1984, directed by Nicolas Roeg)
• The Last Emperor (1987, directed by Bernardo Bertolucci)
• Everybody Wins (1990, directed by Karel Reisz)
• The Sheltering Sky (1990, directed by Bernardo Bertolucci)
• Let Him Have It (1991, directed by Peter Medak) (Exec-Producer)
• Naked Lunch (1991, directed by David Cronenberg)
• Little Buddha (1993, directed by Bernardo Bertolucci)
• Stealing Beauty (1995, directed by Bernardo Bertolucci)
• Victory (1995, directed by Mark Peploe) (Exec-Producer)
• Rough Magic (1995, directed by Clare Peploe) (Exec-Producer)
• The Ogre (1995, directed by Volker Schlöndorff) (Exec-Producer)
• A Hundred and One Nights (1995, directed by Agnès Varda)
• Crash (1996, directed by David Cronenberg)
• Blood and Wine (1996, directed by Bob Rafelson)
• The Brave (1997, directed by Johnny Depp) (Exec-Producer)
• All the Little Animals (1998, directed by Jeremy Thomas) (Director and Producer)
• The Cup (1999, directed by Khyentse Norbu) (Exec-Producer)
• Sexy Beast (2000, directed by Jonathan Glazer)
• Brother (2000, directed by Takeshi Kitano)
• Gohatto (2000, directed by Nagisa Oshima) (Exec-Producer)
• Rabbit-Proof Fence (2002, directed by Phillip Noyce) (Exec-Producer)
• Triumph of Love (2002, directed by Clare Peploe) (Exec-Producer)
• Young Adam (2003, directed by David Mackenzie)
• Travellers and Magicians (2003, directed by Khyentse Norbu) (Exec-Producer)
• The Dreamers (2003, directed by Bernardo Bertolucci)
• Promised Land Hotel (2004, directed by Amos Gitai) (Exec-Producer)
• Dreaming Lhasa (2004, directed by Tenzing Sonam, Ritu Sarin) (Exec-Producer)
• Heimat 3 (2004, directed by Edgar Reitz) (Exec-Producer)
• Don't Come Knocking (2004, directed by Wim Wenders) (Exec-Producer)
• Tideland (2005, directed by Terry Gilliam)
• Glastonbury (2005, directed by Julien Temple) (Exec-Producer)
• Fast Food Nation (2006, directed by Richard Linklater)
• Mister Lonely (2006, directed by Harmony Korine) (Exec-Producer)
• Joe Strummer: The Future is Unwritten (2007, directed by Julien Temple) (Exec-Producer)
• Franklyn (2008, directed by Gerald McMorrow)
• Creation (2009, directed by Jon Amiel)
• Thirteen Assassins (2010, directed by Takashi Miike)
• Essential Killing (2010, directed by Jerzy Skolimowski)
• Pina (2010, directed by Wim Wenders, featuring the work of Pina Bausch) (Exec-Producer)
• A Dangerous Method (2011, directed by David Cronenberg)
• Hara-Kiri: Death of a Samurai (2011, directed by Takashi Miike)
• High Rise (2012, directed by Vincenzo Natali)
• The Man Who Killed Don Quixote (2012, directed by Terry Gilliam)
• Dirt Music (2012, directed by Phillip Noyce)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Jeremy Thomas at the Internet Movie Database

Chubb Rock (born Richard Simpson on May 28, 1968 in Kingston, Jamaica) is a New York-based rapper who released several commercially successful hip hop albums in the early 1990s. A former National Merit Scholar, Chubb Rock was a pre-med student who dropped out of Brown University to pursue his musical career.^[1]

1990s and earlier[link]

Discovered and produced by his first cousin DJ / Producer Howie Tee, Chubb Rock first appeared on the national scene with his 1988 self-titled debut "Chubb Rock" and 1989's "And the winner is..." The latter produced the minor hit "Ya Bad Chubbs" which garnered air play on Yo! MTV Raps during that time.

His 1991 release entitled The One, reached #13 on Billboard's "Top Hip-Hop/R&B" chart for that year. Three singles from that release, "Treat'em Right", "Just The Two Of Us" and "The Chubbster", made it to #1 on Billboard's "Top Rap Single" chart list for the same year.

The following year saw the release of I Gotta Get Mine Yo, a release which features guest performances from Grand Puba Maxwell and Poke. This release also helped fledgling music producers Trackmasters, on their rise to prominence, as they handled production duties on the recording. Chubb Rock also makes an appearance on MC Serch's 1992 song, "Back to The Grill."

Chubb Rock was a member of the 1995 incarnation of the Crooklyn Dodgers, a rap act that also featured O.C. and Jeru The Damaja. His backup dancers started their own group, A.T.E.E.M, and released their debut A Hero Ain't Nothin' But A Sandwich in 1992 on Select Records.

In 1996, he appeared on the Red Hot Organization's compilation CD, America is Dying Slowly, alongside Wu-Tang Clan, Coolio, and Fat Joe, among others. The album, meant to raise awareness of the AIDS epidemic among African-American men, was heralded as a masterpiece by The Source magazine.

2000s and on[link]

Chubb Rock's work in the 2000s has been limited to only a few songs. He appears on a song for Raptivism Records' "No More Prisons" project with Lil' Dap of Group Home and Ed O.G., and also worked with Mr. Len on the song "Dummy Smacks", where he says, "Some people thought I was gone... never that!" He made an appearance alongside Vast Aire on the 2007 Zimbabwe Legit album House of Stone with the song "Wake Up".

In 2008, his single "Treat em right" was ranked number 82 on VH1's 100 Greatest Songs of Hip Hop. Chubb Rock also released Obama We Believe in support of President Barack Obama. His most recent appearance was on the K'naan single "ABC's". He also collaborated with Polish rapper eMCeeM on a track for his album To dopiero poczatek.

February 2009 Chubb Rock can be heard on his new single "Back In" featuring Wordsmith and Kimia Collins.

His latest album "Bridging The Gap", a collaboration with Wordsmith, was released on July 14, 2009.

Chubb Rock is featured in the new single "Summertime Anthem" by Eric Roberson in which they filmed the video on the streets of Bed-Stuy, Brooklyn, New York where he credited his wife and manager, KeKe Simpson, for putting the duo together.

Chubb Rock also released a new EP in September 2011.

In 2011 Chubb Rock appeared with his wife and childhood sweetheart of 24 years, KeKe "Diamond" Simpson on the NBC game show The Marriage Ref.

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

Singles[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Chubb Rock at Allmusic
• Discogs: Chubb Rock

Martin Wood
Martin Wood at Comic-Con 2007
Occupation	Director Producer
Years active	1995 – present

Martin Wood is a Canadian television director who has been directing since the mid 1990s.^[1] Specializing in science fiction, where he is best known for his work as a director and producer on Stargate SG-1 (46 episodes), as well as its spin-off series Stargate Atlantis (30 episodes).

Biography[link]

Career[link]

Martin Wood began his television career in 1995.^[1] Although he is best known for his work on the Stargate franchise's Stargate SG-1 and Stargate Atlantis, he has also directed for many other television series, including The Invisible Man and Earth: Final Conflict. In addition, Martin directed two TV specials on sudden infant death syndrome.

Along with Peter DeLuise, Andy Mikita and Will Waring, Wood was one of Stargate SG-1's main directors during its 10 year run. He also frequently appears as an extra known as "Major Wood"^[2] in the Stargate SG-1 episodes that he directs, often assisting Sergeant Siler as a repairman using the oversized crescent wrench that serves as an inside joke. He is also featured on many Stargate SG-1 and Stargate Atlantis DVD special features, such as featurettes and audio commentaries.

Currently, Wood is the director for the science-fiction series Sanctuary, starring Amanda Tapping and Christopher Heyerdahl. He was set to direct Stargate: Revolution (working title), the third Stargate SG-1 direct-to-DVD movie, but that production has been shelved indefinitely.^{[3] [4]}

Selected filmography[link]

Awards and nominations[link]

Wood has won 1 award, out of 5 nominations.^[5]

References[link]

1. ^ ^{a b} Martin Wood at the Internet Movie Database
2. ^ Wood, Martin (2002). Stargate SG-1: Season 5 – Audio Commentary for "Red Sky" (DVD). MGM Home Entertainment. Event occurs at 27 minutes 10 seconds. 
3. ^ Sumner, Darren (2009-01-05). "Wright discusses third SG-1 movie.". gateworld.net. http://www.gateworld.net/news/2009/01/wright-discusses-third-sg-1-movie/. Retrieved 2009-05-12. 
4. ^ Colvin, Chad (2011-04-17). "SGU continuation, other movies dead". gateworld.net. http://www.gateworld.net/news/2011/04/wright-sgu-continuation-other-movies-dead-for-now/. Retrieved 31 May 2011. 
5. ^ http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0939869/awards

External links[link]

• Martin Wood at the Internet Movie Database
• Martin Wood at Stargate Official Site
• Martin Wood on StargateWiki

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (January 2011)

Hitman Howie Tee (born Howard Thompson) is an English-born hip-hop DJ and producer of West Indian origin but raised in Brooklyn NY. Howie Tee is best known for his work with U.T.F.O, Chubb Rock, Special Ed and The Real Roxanne.^[1]

Howie along with Kangol Kid of U.T.F.O produced the group Whistle, best known for the song "Nothing Serious (Just Buggin)". He then became the in-house producer for New Jersey based independent label Select Records." I Got It Made" By Special Ed and "Treat em' Right" by Chubb Rock were produced by Hitman Howie Tee. In 1991 he mixed and co-produced the Billboard #1 "I Wanna Sex You Up" by Color Me Badd. He has also had many #1 hits with Color Me Badd. He has also done remixes for Madonna, Heavy D, Maxi Priest, Little Shawn and other serious Hip Hop icons.

References[link]

This article on an American record producer is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e