- published: 17 Mar 2012
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- author: SAURABH JAIN
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Agra
Agra (
i/ˈɑːɡrə/; Hindi: आगरा, Urdu: آ گرہ), the erstwhile capital of Hindustan, is a city on the banks of the river Yamuna in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, India, 363 kilometres (226 mi) west of state capital, Lucknow and 200 kilometres (124 mi) south of the national capital New Delhi. With a population of 1,686,976 (2010 est.), it is one of the most populous cities in Uttar Pradesh and the 19th most populous in India. Because 80 percent of the city's sewage flows into Yamuna River, it is 20th most polluted city in India. Agra can also refer to the administrative district that has its headquarters in Agra city.
The city finds mention in the epic Mahābhārata where it was called Agrevaṇa, or 'the border of the forest'. Legend ascribes the founding of the city to Rājā Badal Singh, a Sikarwar Rajput king (circa 1475), whose fort, Badalgarh, stood on or near the site of the present Fort. However, the 11th century Persian poet Mas'ūd Sa'd Salmān writes of a desperate assault on the fortress of Agra, then held by the Shāhī King Jayapala, by Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni. Sultan Sikandar Lodī was the first to move his capital from Delhi to Agra in the year 1506; he died in 1517 and his son Ibrāhīm Lodī remained in power there for nine more years, finally being defeated at the Battle of Panipat in 1526. It achieved fame as the capital of the Mughal emperors from 1526 to 1658 and remains a major tourist destination because of its many splendid Mughal-era buildings, most notably the Tāj Mahal, Agra Fort and Fatehpūr Sikrī, all three of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
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Ahmedabad
Ahmedabad (i/ˈɑːmɨdəbɑːd/ also known as Amdavad 
) is the largest city and former capital of the Indian state of Gujarat. The city is an administrative centre of Ahmedabad district as well as the judicial capital of Gujarat as the Gujarat High Court is in Ahmedabad. It was founded on 26 February 1411 by Sultan Ahmed Shah to serve as the capital of the Gujarat Sultanate, and was named after him. With a city population of more than 5.5 million and an extended population of 6.3 million it is the fifth largest city and seventh largest metropolitan area of India. Ahmedabad is located on the banks of the River Sabarmati, 32 km (20 mi) from the state capital Gandhinagar.
Though incorporated into the Bombay Presidency during British rule, Ahmedabad remained one of the most important cities in the Gujarat region. The city established itself as the home of a developing textile industry, which earned it the nickname the Manchester of the East. The city was at the forefront of the Indian independence movement in the first half of the 20th century and centre of many campaigns of civil disobedience to promote workers' rights, civil rights, and political independence.
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Amritsar
Amritsar (
pronunciation (help·info); Punjabi: ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤਸਰ IPA: [əmːɾɪt̪səɾ], historically also known as ਰਾਮਦਾਸਪੁਰ Rāmdāspur and colloquially as ਅੰਬਰਸਰ, Ambarsar) is a city in the north-western part of India. It is the spiritual center for the Sikh religion and the administrative headquarters of the Amritsar district in the state of Punjab.
It is home to the Harmandir Sahib (referred to as the "Golden Temple" in the western media), the spiritual and cultural center for the Sikh religion. This important Sikh shrine attracts more visitors than the Taj Mahal with more than 100,000 visitors on week days alone and is the most popular destination for Non-resident Indians (NRI) in the whole of India. The city also houses the Sikh temporal and political authority, Akal Takht, as well as the Sikh Parliament.
The 2011 Indian census reported the population of the city to be 1,132,761. Amritsar is situated 217 kilometres (135 mi) northwest of state capital Chandigarh and is 32 kilometres (20 mi) east of Lahore, Pakistan and therefore, very close to India's western border with Pakistan.
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Asansol
Asansol is a coal mining and industrial metropolis and one of the busiest commercial centres in India. It is the second largest city and urban agglomeration in West Bengal after Kolkata and the 19th largest urban agglomeration in India. Asansol is located in the Burdwan District of India. It has a large workforce, moderately high per capita income, educational establishments, good transport connections, several housing complexes, and land suitable for industry, institutions, transport and commerce. Its hinterland is Bankura and Purulia districts and North Bengal, linked to parts of Orissa and Jharkhand states. According to a report released by International Institute for Environment and Development, a UK-based policy research non-governmental body, Asansol is among the 11 Indian cities in the list of 100 fastest growing cities in the world with a rank of 42. The name Asansol is derived from two different names, Asan tree (a species of tree found on the banks of river Damodar) and Sol-Bhumi/Sol-land (the land rich in minerals).
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Baharagora
Baharagora (Oriya-ବହଡ଼ାଗୁଡ଼ା, Bengali-বহড়াগুড়া, Hindi-बहरागोड़ा) is a small town in East Singhbhum district & situated on the south-east corner of Jharkhand, India. It is 95 km away from Jamshedpur. Kolkata-Mumbai National Highway 6 passes through this place. National Highway 33 connects NH 6 at Baharagora and NH 2 at Barhi, Jharkhand.
Baharagora became a block in the year 1956.
Since it is located at the border, Orissa is 5 km and West Bengal is 15 km away from this place. Although the official language of the state is Hindi, the local language in this area is a blend of Oriya and Bengali. This region was a part of erstwhile Gajapati Empire of Orissa. In fact except some govt. employees, all localites use either Bengali or Oriya as primary mode of education. In the erstwhile state of Bihar, textbooks were also released in Oriya and Bengali.
Baharagora is located at 22°17′N 86°43′E / 22.28°N 86.72°E / 22.28; 86.72. It has an average elevation of 79 m (259 ft). The river Subarnarekha flows along its adjoining areas (approx at a distance of 7 km).
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Bangalore
Bangalore /ˈbæŋɡəlɔər/, also rendered Bengaluru,[needs IPA] is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bangalore is nicknamed the Garden City for its gardens and parks and was once called a pensioner's paradise. Located on the Deccan Plateau in the south-eastern part of Karnataka, Bangalore is India's third most populous city and fifth-most populous urban agglomeration. Bangalore is well known as a hub for India's information technology sector. It is among the top 10 preferred entrepreneurial locations in the world.
A succession of South Indian dynasties ruled the region of Bangalore until in 1537 AD Kempe Gowda—a feudatory ruler under the Vijayanagara Empire—established a mud fort considered to be the foundation of modern Bangalore. Following transitory occupation by Maratha and Mughal, the city remained under the Mysore kingdom. Bangalore continued to be a cantonment of the British and a major city of the Princely State of Mysore which existed as a nominally sovereign entity of the British Raj. Following the independence of India in 1947, Bangalore became the capital of Mysore state, and later Karnataka.
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Barajamda
Barajamda is a census town in Pashchimi Singhbhum district in the state of Jharkhand, India.
The word Barajamda , meaning "forest region," applies to a forested mountainous plateau region in eastern India. The existence of Barajamda dates at least to the sixteenth century.[citation needed]
As of 2001[update] India census, Barajamda had a population of 7,691. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Barajamda has an average literacy rate of 52%, lower than the national average of 59.5%; with 62% of the males and 38% of females literate. 17% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Barajamda fairly known for its mining prospects, its climatic conditions and its booming steel industry. There are a number of renowned companies present here: 1) Jindal mines 2) Taurian 3) Sail 4) Sesa goa 5) Essel mining 6) R J Mills Ltd There are more than 100 mines and 200 crushers. 1) Shree treveni Minerals 2) M J M minreals Pvt Ltd 3) Jagdish ore Pvt Ltd 4) Shree balajee Minerals 5) Ja mata Dee Crushers 6) Jai Maa Tara Minerals (p) Ltd.
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Bhopal
Bhopal /boʊˈpɑːl/ (Hindustani pronunciation: [bʱoːpaːl] (
listen)) is the capital of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and the administrative headquarters of Bhopal District and Bhopal Division. The city was the capital of the former Bhopal State. Bhopal is known as the City of Lakes for its various natural as well as artificial lakes and is also one of the greenest cities in India.
A B-1 class city, Bhopal houses various institutions and installations of national importance. Some of these include ISRO's Master Control Facility, the CSIR Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER Bhopal), School of Planning and Architecture, Indian Institute of Forest Management, Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal (associated with Hamidia Hospital, Sultania Zanana Hospital & Kamla Nehru Hospital), and the (approved, under-construction) All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal.
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Bhubaneshwar
Bhubaneswar /ˌbʊvəˈneɪʃwər/, also spelled Bhubaneshwar (Oriya: ଭୁବନେଶ୍ଵର Bhubanēsbara pronunciation (help·info)), is the capital of the Indian state of Orissa, officially spelled Odisha. The city has a history of over 2000 years starting with the Chhedi dynasty (around 2nd century BCE) who had Sisupalgarh near present-day Bhubaneswar as their capital. Bhubaneswar has been known by names such as Toshali, Kalinga Nagari, Nagar Kalinga, Ekamra Kanan, Ekamra Kshetra and Mandira Malini Nagari (City of Temples) otherwise known as the Temple City of India. Bhubaneswar, literally means the Lord (Eeswar) of the Universe (Bhuban). It is the largest city of Orissa, and a center of economic and religious importance in the region today.
Bhubaneswar's possession of magnificent sculptures and architectural heritage, coupled with the sanctity as Ekamrakshetra make this one of the great religious centres of Orissa since early medieval days. With its large number of Hindu temples (over 600 in number), which span the entire spectrum of Kalinga architecture, Bhubaneswar is often referred to as a Temple City of India and together with Puri and Konark it forms the Swarna Tribhuja (Golden Triangle); one of the most visited destinations in East India.
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Bistupur
Bistupur (Bengali: বিস্তুপুর )is a residential and commercial area of the city of Jamshedpur in the state of Jharkhand, India.
Bistupur is one of the popular regions of Jamshedpur, which houses a number of market complexes. Tourists coming to Jamshedpur often visit the Bistupur area as it is one of the bustling centers of the town. Kamani center, one of the major market zones of Jamshedpur is situated in the Bistupur region.
The local people of Jamshedpur often flock to the Bistupur area for buying a range of articles. Primarily a market place, Bistupur is always buzzing with buyers and sellers. All types of buyers can be seen in the market places of Bistupur. Known as one of the core commercial centers of Jamshedpur Bistupur is visited by a large number of businessmen too.
Apart from shopping complexes Bistupur region also has a wide array of eatery corners. The restaurants located in Bistupur dishes out lip-smacking variety of both continental and Indian recipes. People from adjoining places of Jamshedpur often come to the food courts of Bistupur. On the weekends, almost all the restaurants of Bistupur are full with food connoisseurs.
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Chandigarh
Chandigarh /ˈtʃɑːndɨɡər/ is a city and union territory in India that serves as the capital of two states, Haryana and Punjab. The name Chandigarh translates as "The Fort of Chandi". The name is derived from an ancient temple called Chandi Mandir, devoted to the Hindu goddess Chandi, in the city. It is also referred to as The City Beautiful due to its beautiful surroundings, central grid of gardens, each dedicated to different species of flora.
The city of Chandigarh was the first planned city in India and is known internationally for its architecture and urban design. The city has projects designed by architects such as Le Corbusier, Pierre Jeanneret, Jane Drew, and Maxwell Fry. The city tops the list of Indian States and Union Territories with the highest per capita income in the country at Rs.99,262 at current prices and Rs.70,361 at constant prices (2006–2007). The city was reported in 2010 to be the "cleanest" in India, based on a national government study, and the territory also headed the list of Indian states and territories according to research conducted using 2005 data by Human Development Index.
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Chennai
Chennai /ˈtʃɛnaɪ/, formerly Madras /məˈdræs/, is the capital city of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal, it is a major commercial, cultural, and educational centre in South India, while the port of Chennai is the second largest port in India. As of the 2011 census, the city had 4.68 million residents making it the sixth most populous city in India; the urban agglomeration, which comprises the city and its suburbs, was home to approximately 8.9 million, making it the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the country.
Although the area has been part of successive South Indian kingdoms through centuries, the recorded history of the city began in the colonial times, specifically with the arrival of British East India Company and the establishment in 1644 of Fort St George, an English settlement. The British defended several attacks from the French colonial forces, and from the kingdom of Mysore, on Chennai's way to become a major naval port and presidency city by late eighteenth century. Following the independence of India, Chennai became the capital of Tamil Nadu and a hotbed of regional politics that tended to bank on Dravidian identity of the populace. Chennai had become a bustling metropolis with beautiful classical and colonial European styled buildings, lining the city’s thoroughfares.
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Coimbatore
Coimbatore (Tamil: கோயம்புத்தூர், pronounced [kɔəjmbaːʈɔrɪ]), also known as Kovai (Tamil: கோவை, pronounced [kɔʋaːəj] ( listen)), is the second largest city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the 15th largest urban agglomeration in India with a metropolitan population of over 2 million. It is a major commercial centre and has often been referred to as the "Manchester of South India".
The Coimbatore region has been ruled by the Cheras, the Cholas, the later Pandyas, the Vijayanagar Empire and the Madurai Nayaks and is believed to have been named after a chieftain called Koyan. In the 17th century, the city became a part of the Kingdom of Mysore and remained so until its conquest by the British East India Company in 1799. The history of modern Coimbatore, however, dates from the 1930s, when the city grew rapidly capitalizing on a textile boom. Since then, the city has witnessed steady growth fueled by its favourable soil, climate and political and economic conditions.
Coimbatore is administered by the Coimbatore Municipal Corporation which comprises 100 wards grouped into five zones. It is situated on the banks of the Noyyal River in western Tamil Nadu and is surrounded by the Western Ghats on all sides. It is well connected by road, rail and air with major towns and cities in India.
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Dainik Jagran
Coordinates: 26°28′50″N 80°18′07″E / 26.48050°N 80.30200°E / 26.48050; 80.30200 Dainik Jagran (Hindi: दैनिक जागरण) is a Hindi language daily broadsheet newspaper in India. According to the IRS Q2 2011, Dainik Jagran ranks No. 1 among the dailies with a Total Readership (TR) of 16.393 million. Dainik Jagran is the second largest newspaper in India, by circulation as of 2010.
Dainik Jagran was jointly founded by Shri Puranchandra Gupta & Shri Gurudev Gupta in Jhansi in 1942. In 1947 Dainik Jagran shifted its headquarters to Kanpur, where it launched its second edition on 21 September 1947. The Rewa and Bhopal editions were added in 1953 and 1956. In 1975, publication of Gorakhpur edition started, followed by Varanasi, Allahabad and Lucknow in 1979. In 1984, Meerut edition was launched, followed by Agra in 1986, Bareilly in 1989 and Delhi in 1990. Between 1997 and 2006, eighteen new editions were added, and through 2007-08, six new editions were launched.
More than 55.7 million people read Dainik Jagran making it the largest read daily in India. Currently, Dainik Jagran’s 36 editions are published across eleven states of India. Its editions are published from the following places:
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Delhi
Delhi (/ˈdɛli/; locally pronounced Dillee or Dehli), officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT), is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest metropolis by population in India. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16.7 million inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census. The region has been given special status of National Capital Region under The Constitution (69th Amendment) Act, 1991. There are nearly 22.2 million residents in the greater National Capital Region urban area (which also includes the cities Noida, Greater Noida, Ghaziabad, Gurgaon,Sonepat and Faridabad along with other smaller nearby towns).
Delhi is known to have been continuously inhabited since at least the 6th century BCE, though human habitation is believed to have existed since the second millennium BCE. Delhi is also widely believed to have been the site of Indraprastha, the legendary capital of the Pandavas during the times of the Mahabharata. Delhi re-emerged as a major political, cultural and commercial city along the trade routes between northwest India and the Gangetic plain after the rise of the Delhi sultanates. It is the site of many ancient and medieval monuments, archaeological sites and remains.
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Dhanbad
Dhanbad (Hindi: धनबाद, Bengali: ধনবাদ) is a city in the state of Jharkhand, and is also known as the Coal Capital of India. Dhanbad is the 96th fastest growing city in the world. According to the 2011 census, Dhanbad is among the 53 cities of India with a population of more than one million and is the 42nd largest city. Among the rail divisions of Indian Railway, Dhanbad Rail Division is the second largest in terms of revenue generation after Mumbai division.
Dhanbad is famous for coal mining. Tata Steel, BCCL, ECL and IISCO (Indian Iron And Steel Company) are some of the companies having coal mines in the district. Coal mining, coal washing, and coke making are the main coal-related industries in the city. IISCO is now owned by SAIL, while BCCL and Eastern Coalfields Limited are subsidiaries of Coal India Limited (CIL); these two companies are the largest operators of coal mines in Dhanbad, and have open cast mines as well as underground mines, whereas Tata Steel has mostly underground mines. These companies have developed townships for their employees. The prestigious Indian School of Mines is located in the heart of the city of Dhanbad.
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Gamharia
Gamharia (Hindi: गमहरिया), is a Village in Gaya district of Bihar, India. It is near about 45 km (28 mi) from Gaya situated on Sher Shah Suri Marg (GT Road) between Kolkatta and Delhi. It is surrounded by the Kamaun range. The current MLA of the area is Surendra Parsad Sinha. The main market is Sherghati, Chandiastan, and Gamharia. Gola Bazar is among the largest cattle market in Bihar.
It is located at 24°35′34″N 84°44′28″E / 24.59272189°N 84.74111884°E / 24.59272189; 84.74111884 at an elevation of 50 ft (15 m) above sea level.
National Highway 2 passes through Gamharia.
The Grand Trunk Road (NH-2, which has undergone a revival under The Golden Quadrilateral project) crosses from Gamharia. Nearest Railway Station Gaya is well connected to Patna, Ranchi, Jamshedpur, Bokaro, Rourkela, Hazaribag, Kolkata, Varanasi, Allahabad, Kanpur, Delhi, Amritsar, and to the Pakistani cities of Lahore and Peshawar.Nearest AirportGaya Airport is the only international airport in Bihar and Jharkhand taken together. It is an international airport connected to Colombo, Sri Lanka through two airline operators; Bangkok, Thailand; Singapore, and Paro, Bhutan. It is said to be being developed as a stand-by to the Calcutta airport. Gaya Airport is served by Indian Airlines for domestic flights and Sri Lankan Airlines, Mihin Lanka, Drukair and Indian Airlines for international flights. Thai Airways flies non stop between Bangkok and Gaya. The distance of gaya airport to National Heritage sites "Bodh-Gaya" about 5 Kilometers.
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Gaya, India
Gaya (Hindi: गया),(Urdu: گیا) is the second largest city of Bihar, India, and it is also the headquarters of Gaya District.
Gaya is 100 kilometers south of Patna, the capital city of Bihar. Situated on the banks of Falgu River (Niranjana, as mentioned in Ramayana), it is a place sanctified by the Hindu, the Buddhist and the Jain religions. It is surrounded by small rocky hills (Mangla-Gauri, Shringa-Sthan, Ram-Shila and Brahmayoni) by three sides and the river flowing on the fourth (eastern) side. The city has a mix of natural surroundings, age old buildings and narrow bylanes.
Gaya derives its name from the mythological demon Gayasur (which literally means Gaya the demon), demon (asur, a Sanskrit word) and Gaya. Lord Vishnu killed Gayasur, the holy demon by using the pressure of his foot over him. This incident transformed Gayasur into the series of rocky hills that make up the landscape of the Gaya city. Gaya was so holy that he had the power to absolve the sins of those who touched him or looked at him; after his death many people have flocked to Gaya to perform Shraddha sacrifices on his body to absolve the sins of their ancestors. Gods and goddesses had promised to live on Gayasur's body after he died, and the hilltop protuberances of Gaya are surmounted by temples to various gods and goddesses. These hilltop temples at Rama Shila, Mangla Gauri, Shringa Sthan and Brahmayoni are part of the pilgrimage circuit, and grand staircases have been built up to most of them.
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Ghorabandha
Ghorabandha is a census town in Purbi Singhbhum district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.
As of 2001[update] the India census, Ghorabandha had a population of 14,751. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Ghorabandha has an average literacy rate of 75%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 81%, and female literacy is 69%. In Ghorabandha, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Coordinates: 22°01′39″N 85°51′46″E / 22.0275°N 85.86278°E / 22.0275; 85.86278
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Guwahati
Guwahati (Assamese: গুৱাহাটী Guwāhāti (help·info)), and formerly known as Pragjyotishpura (Sanskrit:प्राग्ज्योतिषपुर) and Durjoya (Sanskrit:दुर्जय) in ancient Assam, and Gauhati in the modern era, is an ancient urban area, the largest city of Assam, the largest metropolitan area in north-eastern India and one of the fastest developing cities in India. It is said to be the "Gateway" of the North East Region. Dispur, the capital of the Indian state of Assam is located within the city and is the seat of the Government of Assam. Guwahati, formerly Prāgjyotishpura meaning City of Eastern Light, other view is Prāg meaning eastern and jyotish meaning astrology and Durjaya meaning impregnable were the capital's of ancient state of Kamarupa under Varman's and Pala's respectively. Many ancient Hindu temples are located within the city, Kamakhya Temple, Umananda Temple, Navagraha Temple, Sukreswar Temple, Basistha Temple, Lankeshwar Temple, Doul Govinda Temple, Dirgheshwari temple, Ugro Tara Temple, Rudreswar Temple, etc., are but a few; thus, the city is also known as the "The City of Temples."
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India
India (i/ˈɪndiə/), officially the Republic of India (Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the south-west, and the Bay of Bengal on the south-east, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west;China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north-east; and Burma and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; in addition, India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.
Home to the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation and a region of historic trade routes and vast empires, the Indian subcontinent was identified with its commercial and cultural wealth for much of its long history. Four of the world's major religions—Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism—originated here, whereas Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam arrived in the 1st millennium CE and also helped shape the region's diverse culture. Gradually annexed by and brought under the administration of the British East India Company from the early 18th century and administered directly by the United Kingdom from the mid-19th century, India became an independent nation in 1947 after a struggle for independence that was marked by non-violent resistance led by Mahatma Gandhi.
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Indore
Indore /ɪnˈdɔər/ ( Hindi (help·info)) is the largest city and the headquarters of Indore District in the state of Madhya Pradesh. Indore is located 190 km west of the state capital of Bhopal. According to the 2011 Indian census, Indore city has a population of 1,960,631 and is fourteenth most populous city in India, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 2.3 million. It is the 147th largest city in the world. Indore is the richest city in central India and also known as "Mini Mumbai" due to it's lifestyle similarities with Mumbai. It also reflects Mumbai's potpourri of cultures, with significant Marathi, Gujarati, Marwari and Sindhi populations.
Indore is the only city of India with both an Indian Institute of Management (IIM) and an Indian Institute of Technology (IIT).
During the days of the Maratha Empire Indore was an important hub between the Deccan and Delhi. However after the death of Madhavrao Peshwa, the Maratha Empire disintegrated and Indore was declared the capital of the Holkar state, until Rani Ahilyabai Holkar moved the capital to Maheshwar.
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Jabalpur
Jabalpur (Hindi: जबलपुर) often called as Sanskaardhaani is one of the major cities of India situated in the Mahakaushal region of state of Madhya Pradesh in India. It is the biggest city in the state of Madhya Pradesh by area. It is the largest urban agglomeration in Madhya Pradesh and the 38th largest urban agglomeration in India as per the 2011 census statistics.
It is bordered by Katni to the north, Umaria to the north-east, Dindori to the east, Mandla to the south-east, Seoni to the south, Narsimhapur to the south-west and Damoh to the north-west. Jabalpur is the administrative headquarters of Jabalpur district (the second most populous district of Madhya Pradesh) and Jabalpur division.
Geographically an important place, the ruling Gond dynasty of Jabalpur lent its name to the primordial continental mass Gondwana. Historically, a center of Kalchuri and Gond dynasties, Jabalpur developed a syncretic culture influenced by the intermittent reigns of the Maratha and Mughal empires. In the early nineteenth century, it was gradually annexed in British India as Jubbulpore and incorporated as a major cantonment town. Post-independence, there have been demands for a separate state of Mahakoshal with Jabalpur as its capital.
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Jamshedpur
Jamshedpur /ˈdʒɑːmʃɛdpʊər/ (Hindi: जमशेदपुर, Bengali: জামশেদপুর, pronunciation (help·info)) is the largest urban conglomeration and most populous city in the state of Jharkhand, India . Jamshedpur is the first planned industrial city of India, founded by the late Jamshedji Nusserwanji Tata. It is also known as Steel City, TataNagar or simply Tata.
Jamshedpur is the headquarters of the East Singhbhum district of Jharkhand. It has a population of 2,337,131 (according to the 2011 census) and is the third Largest city in Eastern India after Kolkata and Patna. It ranks 36th among the 53 million-plus cities in India. It is located on the Chota Nagpur plateau and is surrounded by the picturesque Dalma Hills. The city is bordered by the rivers Subarnarekha and Kharkai on the north and west parts of the city.
Jamshedpur is a major industrial centre of East India. It houses companies like Tata Steel, Tata Motors, Tata Power, Lafarge Cement, Telcon, BOC Gases, Tata Technologies Limited, Praxair, TCE, TCS, Tinplate and many more. It is home to one of the largest industrial zones of India known as Adityapur which houses more than 1,200 small and medium scale industries.
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Jharkhand
Jharkhand /dʒɑrˈkɑːnd/[citation needed] (Hindi: झारखण्ड; Bengali: ঝাড়খন্ড; Urdu: جھاڑکھنڈ; Jhārkhaṇḍ, pronounced [ˈdʒʱaːrkʰəɳɖ] ( listen)) is a state in eastern India. It was carved out of the southern part of Bihar on 15 November 2000. Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the east. It has an area of 79,714 km2 49,821 sq mi (129,040 km2). The industrial city of Ranchi is its capital and Dumka is sub capital while Jamshedpur is the largest and the biggest industrial city of the state. Some of the other major cities and industrial centres are Dhanbad, Bokaro and Hazaribagh.
The name "Jharkhand" means "The Land of Forests".
According to some writers like Gautam Kumar Bera, there was already a distinct geo-political, cultural entity called Jharkhand even before the period of Magadha Empire. Bera's book (page 33) also refers to the Hindu Mythological book Bhavishya Purana. The tribal rulers, some of whom continue to thrive till today were known as the Munda Rajas, who basically had ownership rights to large farmlands. During the Mughal period, the Jharkhand area was known as Kukara.
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Jugsalai
Jugsalai is an area near to Tatanagar Railway Station, Jamshedpur and a municipality in Purbi Singhbhum district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.
Jugsalai is located at 22°46′N 86°11′E / 22.77°N 86.18°E / 22.77; 86.18. It has an average elevation of 140 metres (459 feet).
As of 2011[update] India census, Jugsalai had a population of 75,510. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Jugsalai has an average literacy rate of 72%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 77%, and female literacy is 67%. In Jugsalai, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age. Major festivals celebrations in jugsalai areas include in Durga Puja, Makar Sankranti, Deepavali, Kali Puja, Holi, Christmas, Easter, Shab-e-bar'aat, Ramadhan-ul-Mubarak, Id-ul-Fitr, Id-ul-Zuha, Id-e-Milad, Moharram.
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Kannur
Kannur pronunciation (help·info) (Malayalam: കണ്ണൂര്, Kaṇṇūr ?), also known as Cannanore, is a city in Kannur district in the Indian state of Kerala. It is the administrative headquarters of the District of Kannur and 518 km north of state capital Trivandrum. During British rule in India, Kannur was known by its old name Cannanore(Land of lord Krishna[citation needed]), which is still in fairly common usage. Kannur is the 6th largest city in Kerala, after Thiruvananthapuram, Ernakulam, Kozhikode, Thrissur and Kollam. It is the largest city of North Malabar region. Kannur Municipality was established in 1867 and is one of the oldest municipalities in Kerala.
Kannur is one of the Million Plus urban agglomerations in India with a population of 1,642,892 in 2011. Kannur is known as the Land of Looms and Lores, because of the loom industries functioning in the district and ritualistic folk arts held in temples. Kannur is famous for its pristine beaches; Theyyam, its native performing art, and its handloom industry.
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Kanpur
Kanpur /ˈkɑːnpʊər/ (Hindi: कानपुर, Urdu: کان پور pronunciation (help·info)), spelled Cawnpore before 1948, is the Industrial Capital of Uttar Pradesh and is the administrative headquarters of Kanpur Nagar district, Kanpur Dehat district and Kanpur division. It is the eleventh-most populous city in India and the major industrial hub with in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
It is one of the oldest industrial townships of North India. It has a metropolitan area of over 1,640 square kilometres (630 sq mi) and a city area of around 829 km2 with an approximate population of 3 million inhabitants in its area. It is administratively divided into 6 zones and 110 wards with an average ward population range of 19000 to 26000.
City Development Plan for Kanpur city is both a perspective and vision for the future development. Kanpur City Development Plan (CDP) is the culmination of a study which was commenced about three months ago[when?] by JPS Associates. This report is based on invaluable inputs the consultants received from the various stakeholders and the officers associated with the development of the city. This CDP, therefore, truly reflects the vision of the citizens, the poor and the slum dwellers and the officers who are determined to make Kanpur a futuristic city in the next few years.
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Keenan Stadium
With the backdrop of the Dalma Hills and the chimneys of the Tata Steel factories, the Keenan Stadium provides a picturesque setting for cricket. The stadium has been named after John Lawrence Keenan, a former general manager at Tata Steel. Built in 1939 at an estimated cost of just Rs.25,000, the venue made its first-class debut in December that year, when Bihar hosted a Ranji Trophy match against Bengal. Despite hosting first-class matches and warm-up games for the touring teams quite regularly, the Keenan Stadium got its first international game only in 1983-84, when Clive Lloyd's West Indians were on Mission Revenge after being shocked in the World Cup final. This match was famous for a blistering 221-run partnership between Gordon Greenidge and Viv Richards - a second-wicket record for West Indies - as both repeatedly blasted the ball beyond the small ground and into the street outside. The ground also has a reputation for a firm pitch and a superb, lush-green outfield, but what has not been so endearing to visiting teams is the behaviour of the crowd here - more than one game has been temporarily disrupted due to their unruly behaviour.
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Kolkata
Kolkata /kɒlˈkætə/, or Calcutta /kælˈkʌtə/, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it is the principal commercial, cultural, and educational centre of East India, while the Port of Kolkata is India's oldest port as well as its sole major riverine port. As of 2011, the city had 4.5 million residents; the urban agglomeration, which comprises the city and its suburbs, was home to approximately 14.1 million, making it the third-most populous metropolitan area in India. As of 2008, its economic output as measured by gross domestic product ranked third among South Asian cities, behind Mumbai and Delhi. As a growing metropolitan city in a developing country, Kolkata confronts substantial urban pollution, traffic congestion, poverty, overpopulation, and other logistic and socioeconomic problems.
In the late 17th century, the three villages that predated Kolkata were ruled by the Nawab of Bengal under Mughal suzerainty. After the Nawab granted the East India Company a trading license in 1690, the area was developed by the Company into an increasingly fortified mercantile base. Nawab Siraj ud-Daulah occupied Kolkata in 1756, and the East India Company retook it in the following year and by 1772 assumed full sovereignty. Under East India Company and later under the British Raj, Kolkata served as the capital of India until 1911, when its perceived geographical disadvantages, combined with growing nationalism in Bengal, led to a shift of the capital to New Delhi. The city was a centre of the Indian independence movement; it remains a hotbed of contemporary state politics. Following Indian independence in 1947, Kolkata—which was once the centre of modern Indian education, science, culture, and politics—witnessed several decades of relative economic stagnation. Since the early 2000s, an economic rejuvenation has led to accelerated growth.
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Kota, Rajasthan
Kota pronunciation (help·info) (Rajasthani: कोटा), formerly known as Kotah, is a city in the northern Indian state of Rajasthan. It is located 240 kilometres (149 mi) south of state capital, Jaipur. Situated on the banks of Chambal River, the city is the trade centre for an area in which millet, wheat, rice, pulses, coriander and oilseeds are grown; industries include cotton and oilseed milling, textile weaving, distilling, dairying, manufacture of metal handcrafts, fertilizers, chemicals and engineering equipment.
The city of Kota is situated at a center of the southeastern region of Rajasthan a very region widely known as Hadoti the land of the Hadas. Kota lies along the banks of the Chambal river. The historical places and temples are getting surrounded with signs of modern development. Kota is on a high sloping tableland forming a part of the Malwa Plateau. The Mokandarra hills run from southeast to northwest axis of the town. It is 36 km from Bundi. The town of Kota was once the part of the erstwhile Rajput kingdom of Bundi. It became a separate princely state in the 17th century. Apart from the several monuments that reflect the erstwhile glory of the town, Kota is also known for its palaces and gardens.
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Lucknow
Lucknow /ˈlʌknaʊ/ (Hindi: लखनऊ, Urdu: لکھنؤ, Lakhnaū, IPA: [ˈləkʰnəu] ( listen)) is a city in India and capital of the state of Uttar Pradesh. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of Lucknow District and Lucknow Division. Located in what was originally known as the Awadh (Oudh) region, Lucknow has always been known as a multicultural city, and flourished as a cultural and artistic capital of North India in the 18th and 19th centuries. Courtly manners, beautiful gardens, poetry, music, and fine cuisine patronised by the Shia Nawabs of Iranian origin, are well known amongst Indians and students of South Asian culture and history. Lucknow is popularly known as The City of Nawabs. It is also known as the "Golden City of the East," "Shiraz-i-Hind" and "The Constantinople of India."
The ancient history of Lucknow is mired in mystries and folk sayings. It is popularly believed that Lucknow (लखनऊ) derives its name from Lakshman (लक्ष्मण) (also known as Lakhan (लखन)), younger brother of Lord Rama, greatest hero of Suryawanshi kshatriya clan of India. Ram ordered Lakshman to establish a new town near Ayodhya, the capital of Rama. Lakshman came and built a strong fort. The present Lakshman Teela (लक्ष्मण टीला) in Lucknow is believed to be the site of ancient city of Lakhanpur built by Lakshman.
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Ludhiana
Ludhiana /ˌluːdiˈɑːnə/ (also Ludhyana; Punjabi: ਲੁਧਿਆਣਾ) is a city and a municipal corporation in Ludhiana district in the Indian state of Punjab. It is the largest city in the state, with an estimated population of 1,613,878 in 2011. The population increases substantially during the crop harvesting season due to migration of laborers from states like Eastern Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa and Delhi. It has an area of about 310 km². The city stands on the Sutlej River's old bank, 13 km south of its present course. It is a major industrial center of northern India. Residents of the city may be referred to as Ludhianvis.[citation needed]
Ludhiana is located 100 km west from state capital Chandigarh on NH 95 and is centrally located on National Highway 1 from Indian capital New Delhi to Amritsar, and is well connected to New Delhi by road, frequent train service and by air.
Ludhiana is a well known NRI district of Punjab with a large population living abroad in Canada, and the U.S.
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Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh /ˈmɑːdjə prəˈdɛʃ/, abbreviated MP, often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and Indore is the largest city.
Madhya Pradesh is the second largest state by area and with over 75 million inhabitants the sixth largest state in India by population. It borders the states of Uttar Pradesh to the northeast, Chhattisgarh to the southeast, Maharashtra to the south, Gujarat to the west, and Rajasthan to the northwest.
The city of Ujjain (also known as Avanti) arose as a major center in the second wave of Indian urbanization in the sixth century BC, and served as the chief city of the kingdom of Malwa or Avanti. Further east, the kingdom of Chedi lie in Bundelkhand. Chandragupta Maurya united northern India c. 320 BC, establishing the Maurya empire (321 to 185 BC), which included all of modern-day Madhya Pradesh. King Ashoka's wife was said to come from Vidisha- a town north of today's Bhopal. The Maurya empire went into decline after the death of Asoka the Great, and Central India was contested among the Sakas, Kushanas, and local dynasties during the 3rd to 1st centuries BCE. Ujjain emerged as the predominant commercial center of western India from the first century BCE, located on the trade routes between the Ganges plain and India's Arabian Sea ports. It was also an important Hindu and Buddhist center.
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Madurai
Madurai is the third largest city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu with a population of over 1 million (according to the 2001 census). Located on the banks of River Vaigai, Madurai has been a major settlement for two millennia. It is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. The city is the administrative headquarters of Madurai District. The capital of the Pandyan kingdom was initially Korkai, around 600 BCE, and was later moved to Koodal (now Madurai) during the reign of Nedunj Cheliyan I. Madurai is famous for its temples built by Pandyan and Madurai Nayak kings in the Dravidian style of architecture. It is also one of India's most prominent Hindu pilgrimage centres.
Madurai is also called as City of Junction (Koodal nagaram), City of Jasmine (Malligai maanagar), Temple city (Koil maanagar), City that never sleeps (Thoonga nagaram) and City of four junctions (Naanmada koodal).
Madurai's recorded history goes back to the 3rd century BC and the city is mentioned by Megasthenes, the Greek ambassador to India and Kautilya, the minister of the Mauryan Emperor Chandragupta Maurya. The city was the principal administrative and cultural centre of the Pandyan dynasty which ruled over the southern parts of Tamil Nadu and Kerala till the first half of the 14th century AD. In about 1311, the Pandyan dynasty was overthrown by the Delhi Sultanate which established the province of Ma'bar which later became independent as the Ma'bar Sultanate. When the Ma'bar Sultanate began to decline in the latter years of the 14th century, Madurai was absorbed into the Vijayanagar Empire. The viceroys of the Vijayanagar Empire established the Madurai Nayak kingdom and ruled as independent kings from 1559 to 1736. After a brief period of occupation by Chanda Sahib and the Carnatic kingdom, Madurai was annexed by the British East India Company in 1801.
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Meerut
Meerut (Hindi: मेरठ, Urdu: میرٹھ) is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is an ancient city with settlements dating back to the Indus Valley civilization having been found in and around the area. The city lies 70 km (43 mi) northeast of the national capital New Delhi, and 453 km (281 mi) northwest of the state capital, Lucknow. It is the second largest city in the National Capital Region of India (the largest being Delhi), the 16th largest metropolitan area and 25th largest city in India. It ranked 292 in 2006 and 242 in 2010 in the list of largest cities and urban areas in the world. The city covers an area of about 172 km2 (66 sq mi) while the total area is 198 km2 (76 sq mi), third largest in Uttar Pradesh after Kanpur and Lucknow . It has the 2nd largest army cantonment in the country.[citation needed] The city is one of the largest producers of sports goods, and the largest producer of musical instruments in India. The city is also an education hub in western Uttar Pradesh.
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Melbourne
Melbourne ([ˈmelbən, -bn̩, ˈmæl-],rhotically /ˈmɛlbərn/) is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2010, the greater geographical area had an approximate population of four million. Inhabitants of Melbourne are called Melburnians or Melbournians.
The metropolis is located on the large natural bay known as Port Phillip, with the city centre positioned at the estuary of the Yarra River (at the northernmost point of the bay). The metropolitan area then extends south from the city centre, along the eastern and western shorelines of Port Phillip, and expands into the hinterland. The city centre is situated in the municipality known as the City of Melbourne, and the metropolitan area consists of a further 30 municipalities.
Melbourne was founded in 1835 (47 years after the European settlement of Australia) by settlers from Launceston in Van Diemen's Land. It was named by governor Richard Bourke in 1837, in honour of the British Prime Minister of the day, William Lamb—the 2nd Viscount Melbourne. Melbourne was officially declared a city by Queen Victoria in 1847. In 1851, it became the capital city of the newly created colony of Victoria. During the Victorian gold rush of the 1850s, it was transformed into one of the world's largest and wealthiest cities. After the federation of Australia in 1901, it then served as the interim seat of government of the newly created nation of Australia until 1927.
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Mumbai
Mumbai /mʊmˈbaɪ/, also known as Bombay /bɒmˈbeɪ/, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million. Along with the neighbouring urban areas, including the cities of Navi Mumbai and Thane, it is one of the most populous urban regions in the world. Mumbai lies on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour. In 2009, Mumbai was named an Alpha world city. Mumbai is also the richest city in India, and has the highest GDP of any city in South, West or Central Asia.
The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai were home to communities of fishing colonies. For centuries, the islands were under the control of successive indigenous empires before being ceded to the Portuguese and subsequently to the British East India Company. During the mid-18th century, Mumbai was reshaped by the Hornby Vellard project, which undertook the reclamation of the area between the seven constituent islands from the sea. Completed by 1845, the project along with construction of major roads and railways transformed Bombay into a major seaport on the Arabian Sea. Economic and educational development characterised the city during the 19th century. It became a strong base for the Indian independence movement during the early 20th century. When India became independent in 1947, the city was incorporated into Bombay State. In 1960, following the Samyukta Maharashtra movement, a new state of Maharashtra was created with Bombay as capital. The city was renamed Mumbai in 1996.
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Nagpur
Nāgpur ( pronunciation (help·info) English: Nagpore) is a city and winter capital of the state of Maharashtra, the largest city in central India and third largest city in Maharashtra after Mumbai and Pune. With a population of 2,405,421 (2011) Nagpur Metropolitan Area is the 13th largest urban conglomeration in India. It has also recently been ranked as the cleanest city and the second greenest city of India after Bangalore. In addition to being the seat of annual winter session of Maharashtra state assembly "Vidhan Sabha", [Nagpur] is also a major commercial and political center of the Vidarbha region of [Maharashtra], and is also famous throughout the country as "Orange City" for being a major trade center of oranges that are cultivated in the region. In addition, the city also derives political importance from being the headquarters for the Hindu nationalist organisation RSS and an important location for the Dalit Buddhist movement.
Nagpur lies precisely at the center of the country with the Zero Mile Marker indicating the geographical center of India. The city was founded by the Gonds but later became part of the Maratha Empire under the Bhonsles. The British East India Company took over Nagpur in the 19th century and made it the capital of the Central Provinces and Berar. After the first reorganisation of states, the city lost its capital status but according to the informal "Nagpur Pact" between political leaders it was made the second capital of Maharashtra. Nagpur is also declared, "Tiger Capital of India " as it connects many Tiger Reserves in India to the world.
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Nairobi
Nairobi ( /naɪˈroʊbi/) is the capital and largest city of Kenya. The city and its surrounding area also forms the Nairobi County. The name "Nairobi" comes from the Maasai phrase Enkare Nairobi, which translates to "cold water," the Maasai name of the Nairobi river, which in turn lent its name to the city. However, it is popularly known as the "Green City in the Sun" and is surrounded by several expanding villa suburbs. Residents of Nairobi are known as Nairobians.
Founded by the British in 1899 as a simple rail depot on the railway linking Mombasa to Uganda, the town quickly grew to become the capital of British East Africa in 1907 and eventually the capital of a free Kenyan republic in 1963. During Kenya's colonial period, the city became a centre for the colony's coffee, tea and sisal industry. Nairobi is also the capital of the Nairobi Province and of the Nairobi District. The city lies on the Nairobi River, in the south of the nation, and has an elevation of 1795 m above sea-level.
Nairobi is the most populous city in East Africa, with a current estimated population of about 3 million. According to the 2009 Census, in the administrative area of Nairobi, 3,138,295 inhabitants lived within 696 km2 (269 sq mi). Nairobi is currently the 12th largest city in Africa, including the population of its suburbs.
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Nashik
Nashik or Nasik (Marathi: नाशिक ) ( pronunciation (help·info)) is a city in Maharashtra, India. Nashik is located in the northwest of Maharashtra, 180 km from Mumbai and 202 km from Pune. Nashik is the administrative headquarters of Nashik district and Nashik Division. Nashik, which has been referred to as the "Wine Capital of India", or as India’s Napa Valley, is located in the Western Ghats, on the western edge of the Deccan peninsula on the banks of the Godavari. In addition to supplying the name to the famed Nassak Diamond, the city is known for its picturesque surroundings and pleasant climate. The Godavari River flows through Nashik from its source, which lies to the southwest of the city, in Trimbakeshwar . Nashik Urban Agglomeration (Nashik UA) has a (projected year 2008) population of 1,620,000 and a total area of 264.23 km² which makes it the fourth largest urban area in Maharashtra in terms of population. Nashik is the third most industrialized city in Maharashtra after Mumbai and Pune .
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Navi Mumbai
Navi Mumbai (Marathi: नवी मुंबई, IAST: Navi Muṃbaī, English: New Mumbai) is a Planned Satellite City on the west coast of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It was developed in 1972 as a twin city of Mumbai, and is the largest planned city on the planet, with 163 square kilometres (63 sq mi) under the jurisdiction of the Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation (NMMC) and a total area of 344 square kilometres (133 sq mi). Navi Mumbai lies on the mainland on the eastern shore of Thane Creek. The city limits stretch from Airoli near Thane in the north, to Uran in the south. The length of the city is almost the same as that of Mumbai. The Vashi and the Airoli Bridges connect Navi Mumbai to Mumbai. A new link between Nerul and Uran is under construction. The costliest real estate and most highly developed areas of Navi Mumbai are Vashi and Nerul, while Kharghar and Panvel are experiencing major infrastructural developments due to their proximity to the proposed Navi Mumbai International Airport. Vashi is known as the king of Navi Mumbai while Nerul is called the queen of Navi Mumbai. Navi Mumbai has a population of 11,19,477 (1,119,477) according to the 2011 census of India.
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Patna
Paṭnā /ˈpʌtnə/ ( Hindi pronunciation (help·info)) is the capital of the Indian state of Bihar and the second most populous city in Eastern India. Patna is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world.Ancient Patna, known as Pataliputra, was the capital of the Magadha Empire under the Haryanka, Nanda, Mauryan, Sunga, Gupta, Pala and during the Islamic period the seat of power for the Suri dynasty.
Pataliputra was also a seat of learning and fine arts. Its population during the Maurya period (around 300 BCE) was about 400,000.
The modern city of Patna is situated on the southern bank of the Ganges. The city also straddles the rivers Sone, Gandak and Punpun. The city is approximately 35 km long and 16 km to 18 km wide.
In June 2009, the World Bank ranked Patna in second place in India, after Delhi, in terms of the ease of starting a business. As at 2004-2005, Patna had the highest per capita gross district domestic product in Bihar, at Rs31,441. On the basis of,assumed average annual growth,Patna has been ranked as 21st fastest growing city in the world and 5th fastest growing city in India by City Mayors Foundation.Patna registered average annual growth of 3.72%,for the period of 2006-2010.
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Porahat
Porahat is a town in West Singhbhum District of Jharkhand state in eastern India. Before Indian independence in 1947, it was the capital of a princely state of British India. The town also gives its name to the Porahat Forest Division.
Forest Divisions in West Singhbum.:-
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Rajkot
Rajkot (Gujarati: રાજકોટ Rājkot) is the fourth largest city in the state of Gujarat, India, after Ahmedabad, Surat and Vadodara. Rajkot is the 23rd urban agglomeration in India, with a population more than 1.6 million as on 2012. Rajkot is ranked 22nd in The world's fastest growing cities and urban areas from 2006 to 2020.
Rajkot is a city of Gujarat state in India and administrative headquarters of the Rajkot District, 245 km from the state capital Gandhinagar, located on the banks of the Aji River and Nyari River. Rajkot was the capital of the then Saurashtra state from 15 April 1948 to 31 October 1956 before merging in bilingual Bombay State on 1 November 1956. Rajkot was merged into Gujarat State from bilingual Bombay state on May 1, 1960.
Rajkot has been under many different rulers since it was founded. Rajkot has a long history and played a significant part in Indian independence movement. Rajkot was one of the main trade centre's in Saurashtra.
Rajkot was founded by the then ruler of Sardhar 1607 A.D. on the west bank of Aji River, in the middle of Saurashtra. Vibhaji Ajoji was the grandson of Jam Sataji of Nawanagar, the present day Jamnagar. Rajkot was named in honor of its co-founder.
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Ranchi
Ranchi /ˈrɑːntʃi/ ( Hindi (help·info)) is the capital of the Indian state of Jharkhand. Jharkhand accounts for 40% of the mineral resources of India. Earlier most of the part in Jharkhand was covered by forest but now due to urbanization trees are cut and forest cover is depleting fast. Since 2011 census Ranchi now is one of the 53 million-plus cities of India and stands as the 46th largest city out of top 53.[citation needed]. Ranchi was the centre of the Jharkhand movement for a separate state for the tribal regions of South Bihar, northern Orissa, Western West Bengal and the present eastern Chhattisgarh. Jharkhand State was formed on 15 November 2000 by carving the Bihar divisions of Chota Nagpur and Santhal Parganas.
The name Ranchi comes from the original Oraon village Archi at the site. Archi derives from the Oraon word for bamboo grove or stave. According to legend, after an altercation with a spirit, a farmer beat the spirit with his bamboo stave or archi. The spirit shouted archi, archi, archi and vanished; Archi became Rachi, and Rachi became Ranchi.. One historically significant neighborhood is Doranda ('duran' 'दुरङ' means song and 'daah' 'दअः' means water in the Mundari language), between the Hinoo (Bhusur) & Harmoo Rivers, where the civil station, treasury and church established by the British Raj were destroyed by rebel forces during the Sepoy Mutiny. The present Purani (old) Ranchi marks the site of the old village of Archi.
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Sakchi
Sakchi was the village in north east India which was selected by Jamshedji Nusserwanji Tata to be the location of a planned steel city, which in 1919 became Jamshedpur. Sakchi is now part of the city between the Tata Steel site and the river Subarnarekha. Then it was known as Kalimati. Due to the presence of iron ore, river water and sand, Jamshedji Tata decided to establish TISCO (Tata iron and Steel company limited) there. The company is now known as Tata Steel Ltd. Even today running through Sakchi is the Kalimati Road. During british India, a railway line connecting Jamshedpur to Howrah (Calcutta) was started. Subarnarekha river is locally known as Kharkai and the city of jamshedpur is in the Indian Mineral rich state of Jharkhand which was earlier in Bihar as South Bihar. As Tata steel was established the first planned urban settlement started in Sakchi Area and it included businessmen (Gujaratis, Parsis, Punjabis), servicemen (People from Bihar, Bengalis, Oriyas, Telugus, Tamils, Malayalis). Many people who then migrated from West Bengal, East Bengal(Now Bangladesh), Gujarat, Assam are now permanent residents of Jamshedpur city and their ancestral homes were either lost or sold after separation of East pakistan (Bangladesh). Old houses of Bengalis, Parsis, Anglo Indians and Gujaratis can still be seen in AAmbagan, Hill Cart Road, Kalimati Road, Pennar road, Sakchi Bazar areas of Sakchi. A few such homes are also present in Bistupur. According to some people who have seen Tatanagar 80-90 years back as a child, today where we have aambagan maidan, near the Present Masjid, there used to be a single line railway track which used to carry sand for the factory. It dos not exist anymore. Mode of transport in the Jamshedpur city were Bagghis and Taxis. There were single lane roads with old british style street lamps. Mostly the roads between SAkchi and Bistupur were surrounded by jungles. The city is unique because it is a very small town even today with extreme ends being covered within maximum 45 minutes (including traffic) and is not a metro city but still it has demography of a metro town as in people from all ethnicities live here as permanent residents.
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San Francisco
San Francisco (/ˌsæn frənˈsɪskoʊ/), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the financial, cultural, and transportation center of the San Francisco Bay Area, a region of 7.6 million people which includes San Jose and Oakland. The only consolidated city-county in California, it encompasses a land area of about 46.9 square miles (121 km2) on the northern end of the San Francisco Peninsula, giving it a density of about 17,179 people per square mile (6,632 people per km2). It is the most densely settled large city (population greater than 200,000) in the state of California and the second-most densely populated large city in the United States after New York City. San Francisco is the fourth most populous city in California and the 13th most populous city in the United States, with a population of 805,235 as of the 2010 Census. The San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont metropolitan area has a population of 4,335,391.
In 1776, colonists from Spain established a fort at the Golden Gate and a mission named for Francis of Assisi a few miles away. The California Gold Rush of 1849 propelled the city into a period of rapid growth, increasing the population in one year from 1,000 to 25,000, and thus transforming it into the largest city on the West Coast at the time. After three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire, San Francisco was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later. During World War II, San Francisco was the port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater. After the war, the confluence of returning servicemen, massive immigration, liberalizing attitudes, and other factors led to the Summer of Love and the gay rights movement, cementing San Francisco as a center of liberal activism in the United States.
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Saraikela
Saraikela, also spelled Seraikella, is the administrative headquarters of Saraikela Kharsawan District of Jharkhand. Earlier it was a municipality in Pashchimi Singhbhum districtin the Indian state of Jharkhand. It was formerly the capital of the Oriya Saraikela State a princely state. The town is a road junction and agricultural trade centre, with nearby deposits of copper, iron-ore, asbestos, and limestone.
The Saraikela state was founded in 1620 by Raja Bikram Singh(a fore-runner to the ruling family's current nomenclature of Singh Deo), a descendant of the rulers of Porahat, who claimed descent from the Rathore clan of Rajputs. Porahat or Singhbhum Kingdom was a part or feudatory of Ganga Vanshi, Surya Vanshi Gajapati rulers of Orissa[citation needed].
The main business families of Seraikela include the Choudhary and Sahu families, who are involved in various business enterprises in Seraikela. Abhijeet Group (Corporate Ispat & Alloys Ltd.) is setting up its steel & power plant in Seraikela (7 km from Town). Jupiter Cement is also setting up a Portland cement plant nearby. Steel plant of Sesa Goa and Bharat Steel are also proposed in the area. The Adityapur industrial estate is a part of Seraikela district and has major anciallry units of Tata Motors. Adityapur Industrail Area also known as AIADA was once known as the largest industrial hub in India.Further,Chandil is also growing rapidly as an industrial centre and currently has a number of food processing and sponge iron units.
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Srinagar
Srinagar /sriˈnɑːɡər/ ( Hindi pronunciation (help·info)) is the summer capital of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. It is situated in the Kashmir Valley and lies on the banks of the Jhelum River, a tributary of the Indus. The city is famous for its gardens, lakes and houseboats. It is also known for traditional Kashmiri handicrafts and dry fruits.
Etymologically Srinagar is composed of two Sanskrit words, śrī (venerable) and nagar, which means "city". One theory of the origin of the name is that a Pandava King Ashoka (not to be confused with the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka) built the city of Srinagari (Srinagar). Another theory is that Mauryan Emperor Ashoka founded the original city of Srinagar, then situated on the site of the present village of Pandrathan, 5 km to the north of the existing capital.
Srinagar has a long history, dating back at least to the 3rd century BC, and has been known by different names. The city was founded by the King Pravarasena II over 2,000 years ago, named it Parvasenpur. The city was then a part of the Maurya Empire, one of the largest empires of the Indian subcontinent. Ashoka introduced Buddhism to the Kashmir valley, and the adjoining regions around the city became a centre of Buddhism. In the 1st century, the region was under the control of Kushans and several rulers of this dynasty strengthened the Buddhist tradition. Vikramaditya (of Ujjain) and his successors probably ruled the regions just before the city fell to the control of the Huns in the 6th century, and Mihirkula was the most dreaded ruler of the city and the valley.
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Thiruvananthapuram
Thiruvananthapuram,[needs IPA]known in English as Trivandrum /trɨˈvændrəm/, is the capital of the Indian state of Kerala and the headquarters of the Thiruvananthapuram District. It is located on the west coast of India near the extreme south of the mainland. Referred to by Mahatma Gandhi as the "Evergreen city of India", the city is characterized by its undulating terrain of low coastal hills and busy commercial alleys. With more than 750,000 inhabitants in the city proper, and a population around 1.68 million when including the wider urban agglomeration, Thiruvananthapuram is the largest and most populous city in Kerala. It is an IT hub of the state with over 80% of the state's software exports.
The city houses several central and state government offices and organizations. Apart from being the political nerve centre of Kerala, it is also a major academic hub and is home to several educational institutions including the University of Kerala, and to many science and technology institutions, the most prominent being the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Technopark, the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST), the Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management, Kerala,Indian Institute of Science, Education and Research (IISER), the Centre for Development Studies, the International Centre for Free and Open Source Software (ICFOSS), the Regional Research Laboratory, the Centre for Earth Science Studies, Rajeev Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology and the Sree Chithira Thirunal Institute for Medical Science and Technology. It is also considered as one of the 10 greenest cities in India. Thiruvananthapuram was ranked as the best city in Kerala to live in by a recent Times of India survey
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Tianjin
Tianjin (help·info) (Chinese: 天津; pinyin: Tiānjīn; Mandarin pronunciation: [tʰjɛ́ntɕín]; Tianjinese: /tʰiɛn˨˩tɕin˨˩/~[tʰjɛ̃̀ɦɪ̀ŋ]; Postal map spelling: Tientsin) is a metropolis in northern China and one of the five national central cities of the People's Republic of China. It is governed as a direct-controlled municipality, one of four such designations, and is, thus, under direct administration of the central government. Tianjin borders Hebei Province and Beijing Municipality, bounded to the east by the Bohai Gulf portion of the Yellow Sea.
As a dual-core city, Tianjin is divided into the old city and the Binhai New Area. Binhai New Area is a new growth pole in China, and it maintains an annual growth rate of nearly 30% of the GDP. As of the end of 2010, 285 Fortune Global 500 companies have established branch offices in Binhai. It is a base of China's advanced industry, financial reform, and innovation.
In terms of urban population, it is the sixth-largest city of the People's Republic of China, and its urban land area (Binhai New Area is not included) ranks fifth in the nation after Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan and Guangzhou. Tianjin's urban area is located along the Hai River, which connects to the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers via the Grand Canal in Tianjin. Tianjin was once home to foreign concessions in the late Qing Dynasty and early Kuomintang (KMT) era. The municipality incorporates the coastal region of Tanggu, home to the Binhai New Area and the Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA).
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Tiruchirappalli
Tiruchirappalli ((tiruccirāppaḷḷi) pronunciation (help·info)) (spelt as Trichinopoly in the records of British India), also called Tiruchi or Trichy, is a city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the administrative headquarters of Tiruchirappalli District. It is the fourth largest municipal corporation in Tamil Nadu and also the fourth largest urban agglomeration in the state.
The city is believed to be of significant antiquity and has been ruled, at different times, by the Early Cholas, Early Pandyas, Pallavas, Medieval Cholas, Later Cholas, Later Pandyas, Delhi Sultanate, Madurai Sultanate, Vijayanagar Empire, Nayak Dynasty, the Carnatic state and the British. The archaeologically important town of Uraiyur which served as the capital of the Early Cholas is a suburb of Tiruchirappalli. Tiruchirappalli played a critical role in the Carnatic Wars between the British and the French East India companies. The city has a number of historical monuments, the Rockfort, Ranganathaswamy temple at Srirangam and the Jambukeswarar temple at Thiruvanaikaval being the most prominent among them.
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Vadodara
Vadodara, formerly known as Baroda, is the third largest and most populated city in the Indian State of Gujarat, after Ahmedabad and Surat. Historical and archaeological findings date this place back to the 9th century when it was a small town called Ankottaka (present Akota) located on the right bank of the river Vishvamitri (whose name is derived from the great saint Rishi Vishwamitra). Ankottaka was a famous centre of Jainism in the 5th and 6th century AD. Some of the Akota bronze images can be seen in the Vadodara Museum. The city was once called Chandanavati after its ruler Raja Chandan of Dor tribe of Rajputs, who wrested it from the Jains. The capital had also another name "Virakshetra" or "Virawati" (a land of warriors). Later on it was known as Vadpatraka or Wadodará, which according to tradition is a corrupt form of the Sanskrit word Vatodar means 'in the heart of the banyan tree'. It is now almost impossible to ascertain when the various changes in the name were made; but early English travellers and merchants mention the town as Brodera, and it is from this that the name Baroda is derived. Again in 1974 the name changed to Vadodara.
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Varanasi
Varanasi Hindustani pronunciation: [ʋaːˈraːɳəsi] ( listen)), also commonly known as Banaras or Benaras (Banāras [bəˈnaːrəs] ( listen)) and Kashi, Kāśī [ˈkaːʃi] ( listen)), is a city situated on the banks of the River Ganges in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, 320 kilometres (199 mi) southeast of state capital Lucknow. It is regarded as a holy city by Hindus, Buddhists and Jains. It is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world and the oldest in India.
The Kashi Naresh (Maharaja of Kashi) is the chief cultural patron of Varanasi and an essential part of all religious celebrations. The culture of Varanasi is closely associated with the River Ganges and the river's religious importance. The city has been a cultural and religious centre in North India for several thousand years. The Benares Gharana form of the Indian classical music developed in Varanasi, and many prominent Indian philosophers, poets, writers, and musicians resided or reside in Varanasi. Gautama Buddha gave his first sermon at Sarnath located near Varanasi (Kashi).
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Vijayawada
Vijayawada ( pronunciation (help·info)) is the biggest city of the Krishna District and the third largest city in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India, after Hyderabad and Visakhapatnam, with an area of 61.88 km2. The city has a population of 1,048,240 (2011 Census), while the population of the metropolitan area is 1,491,202. The name Vijayawada, meaning "Land of Victory" is derived from the presiding deity, Kanaka Durga, also called Vijaya. The city is also popularly known by its historic name Bezawada, which is also used by the Indian Railways in assigning its railway station code "BZA".
The city originated along the southern bank of the river Krishna, with hills on its northern bank. By 1855 AD, it took shape as small settlement on the eastern side of the Indrakiladri hills. The city has been ruled by different dynasties from time to time, including the Chalukyas of Kalyan and the great ruler Krishna Deva Raya.
The city experienced modest socio-economic growth in pre-independence India. As the commercial capital of Andhra Pradesh, the city is politically active, sociologically dominant, agriculturally rich, and is an industrial transportation hub.
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Visakhapatnam
Visakhapatnam ( pronunciation (help·info)) (also known as Vizag) is a port city on the southeast coast of India. With a population of 1,435,099, it is the second-largest city in the state of Andhra Pradesh (after Hyderabad) and the third-largest city on the east coast (after Chennai and Kolkata). Visakhapatnam is located 625 kilometres (388 mi) east of the state capital, Hyderabad. The city is home to several state-owned heavy industries and a steel plant; it is one of India's largest seaports and has the country's oldest shipyard. Visakhapatnam has the only natural harbour on the east coast of India.
The city was named after Visakha, the Hindu god of valor. It is nestled among the hills of the Eastern Ghats and faces the Bay of Bengal on the east. Visakhapatnam is the administrative headquarters of Visakhapatnam district and headquarters of the Eastern Naval Command of the Indian Navy. Visakhapatnam has a nickname The City of Destiny and, more recently, the Goa of the East Coast. Like its west-coast counterpart it offers attractive beaches, laterite hillocks and a pleasing landscape. It is also a focus of urban and tourist development.
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Vishakapatnam
Visakhapatnam ( pronunciation (help·info)) (also known as Vizag) is a port city on the southeast coast of India. With a population of 1,435,099, it is the second-largest city in the state of Andhra Pradesh (after Hyderabad) and the third-largest city on the east coast (after Chennai and Kolkata). Visakhapatnam is located 625 kilometres (388 mi) east of the state capital, Hyderabad. The city is home to several state-owned heavy industries and a steel plant; it is one of India's largest seaports and has the country's oldest shipyard. Visakhapatnam has the only natural harbour on the east coast of India.
The city was named after Visakha, the Hindu god of valor. It is nestled among the hills of the Eastern Ghats and faces the Bay of Bengal on the east. Visakhapatnam is the administrative headquarters of Visakhapatnam district and headquarters of the Eastern Naval Command of the Indian Navy. Visakhapatnam has a nickname The City of Destiny and, more recently, the Goa of the East Coast. Like its west-coast counterpart it offers attractive beaches, laterite hillocks and a pleasing landscape. It is also a focus of urban and tourist development.
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Arjun Munda
Arjun Munda (born 5 January 1968 in Khrangajhar Jamshedpur) is an Indian politician, former Member of Parliament to the 15th Lok Sabha. He resigned the 15th Lok Sabha membership on 26 February 2011, and is currently Chief Minister of Jharkhand.
He is married to Meera Munda. On May 9th, 2012 a helicopter carrying Munda and his wife to Chaibasa crash landed at the Birsa Munda Airport in Ranchi. Although the minister was reported to have been injured, both of them survived the accident.
His political career began in the 1980s as part of the Jharkhand movement, spearheaded by the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha. This movement sought to create a tribally-dominated state from the southern area of India's northern Bihar state. Munda's political clout grew due to his focus on helping tribals and other backwards. In 1995, he was elected to the Bihar state assembly, representing Kharswan. He retained that seat in 2000 and 2005 elections, but as of 2000, he was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
Jharkhand was formed in 2000, with the BJP forming the first government under Babulal Marandi. Arjun Munda served as the Social Welfare Minister in his cabinet. In 2003, as the non-BJP Legislators supporting the government called for Marandi's replacement, it was Munda, viewed as a strong tribal leader, who was considered the best alternative. Munda took the position of Chief Minister on 18 March 2003 and held it until his resignation on 2 March 2005, which occurred after inconclusive state elections and the intervention of the state's governor, Syed Sibtey Razi.
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B. Muthuraman
B Muthuraman (full name Balasubramanian Muthuraman) was the Managing Director of Tata Steel, India's largest steel manufacturer. He is also the Chairman of the Board of Governors of Xavier Labour Relations Institute (XLRI), Jamshedpur and National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur (N. I. T.). Mr. B Muthuraman, has also nominated as the Chairman of the Board of Governors of IIT Kharagpur by the Honourable President of India, Mrs. Pratibha Patil. Currently he is the vice chairman of Tata Steel and chairman of Tata International. He also received Padma Bhushan Award by the President of India Mrs. Pratibha Patil in the trade and industry category on April 9, 2012. Currently he also serves as the president of the CII (Confederation of Indian Industries).
Mr. Muthuraman is known for his leadership, courage, foresight and his successful strategies that have brought about a positive change in not just Tata Steel and the industry, but also ushered in great optimism in the Indian industrial sector. He will take up the responsibilities of the affairs of IIT – Kharagpur, one of the premier engineering colleges in India. An institute that is known world over for churning out some of the ablest technicians and engineers of the world will now aspire to achieve greater landmarks and milestones under the able guidance of Mr. B Muthuraman.
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Dorabji Tata
Sir Dorabji Tata (Gujarati: દોરાબજી તાતા; 27 August 1859 – 3 June 1932), was an Indian industrialist and philanthropist, and a key figure in the history and development of the Tata industrial empire. Dorabji Tata was knighted in 1910 for his contributions to industry in British India. At the time of death, his networth was estimated at $150 million.
Dorab, or Sir Dorabji, as he was later known, was the elder son of Hirabai and Parsi Zoroastrian Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata. He received his primary education at the Proprietary High School in Bombay (now Mumbai) before travelling to England in 1875, where he was privately tutored. He entered Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge in 1877, where he remained for two years before returning to Bombay in 1879. He continued his studies at St. Xavier's College, Bombay, where he obtained a degree in 1882.
Upon graduating, Dorab worked for two years as a journalist at the Bombay Gazette. In 1884, he joined the cotton business division of his father's firm. He was first sent to Pondicherry, then a French colony, in order to determine whether a cotton mill might be profitable there. Thereafter, he was sent to Nagpur, in order to learn the cotton trade at the Empress Mills which had been founded by his father in 1877.
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Jamsetji Tata
Jamsetji Nasarwanji Tata (Gujarati: જમ્શેત્જી નુંસ્સેર્વાનજી ટાટા; 3 March 1839 – 19 May 1904) was an Indian industrialist, who founded the Tata Group, India's biggest conglomerate company. He was born to a Parsi family in Navsari, Gujarat, India. His networth was estimated at $4 million.
He founded what would later become the Tata Group of companies. Jamsetji Tata is regarded as the "father of Indian industry".
Jamsetji Tata was born to Nasarwanji and Jeevanbai Tata on 3 March 1839 in Navsari, a small town in South Gujarat. Nasarwanji Tata was the first businessman in a family of Parsi Zoroastrian priests. He started trading in Bombay.
Jamsetji joined his father in Bombay at the age of 14 and enrolled at the Elphinstone College. He was married to Hirabai Daboo while he was still a student. He graduated from college in 1858 and joined his father's trading firm. It was a turbulent time to step into business as the Indian Rebellion of 1857 had just been suppressed by the British government.
Jamsetji worked in his father's company until the age of 29. In 1868, he started a trading company with a seed capital of Rs. 21,000. In 1869, he acquired a bankrupt oil mill in Chinchpokli, converted it into a cotton mill and renamed the mill Alexandra Mill. He sold the mill two years later for a healthy profit. Thereafter he set up a cotton mill in Nagpur in 1874. He christened it Empress Mill on 1 January 1877 when Queen Victoria was proclaimed Empress of India.
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Jamshetji Tata
Jamsetji Nasarwanji Tata (Gujarati: જમ્શેત્જી નુંસ્સેર્વાનજી ટાટા; 3 March 1839 – 19 May 1904) was an Indian industrialist, who founded the Tata Group, India's biggest conglomerate company. He was born to a Parsi family in Navsari, Gujarat, India. His networth was estimated at $4 million.
He founded what would later become the Tata Group of companies. Jamsetji Tata is regarded as the "father of Indian industry".
Jamsetji Tata was born to Nasarwanji and Jeevanbai Tata on 3 March 1839 in Navsari, a small town in South Gujarat. Nasarwanji Tata was the first businessman in a family of Parsi Zoroastrian priests. He started trading in Bombay.
Jamsetji joined his father in Bombay at the age of 14 and enrolled at the Elphinstone College. He was married to Hirabai Daboo while he was still a student. He graduated from college in 1858 and joined his father's trading firm. It was a turbulent time to step into business as the Indian Rebellion of 1857 had just been suppressed by the British government.
Jamsetji worked in his father's company until the age of 29. In 1868, he started a trading company with a seed capital of Rs. 21,000. In 1869, he acquired a bankrupt oil mill in Chinchpokli, converted it into a cotton mill and renamed the mill Alexandra Mill. He sold the mill two years later for a healthy profit. Thereafter he set up a cotton mill in Nagpur in 1874. He christened it Empress Mill on 1 January 1877 when Queen Victoria was proclaimed Empress of India.
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Jawaharlal Nehru
Jawaharlal Nehru (IPA: [dʒəʋaːɦərˈlaːl ˈneːɦru] ( listen), Hindi: जवाहरलाल नेहरू; 14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964), often referred to with the epithet of Panditji, was an Indian lawyer, politician and statesman who became the first Prime Minister of independent India (1947–64) and became noted for his “neutralist” policies in foreign affairs. He was also one of the principal leaders of India’s independence movement in the 1930s and ’40s. Nehru was elected by the Indian National Congress to assume office as independent India's first Prime Minister, and re-elected when the Congress Party won India's first general election in 1951 and 1952. Nehru contributed to the establishment of a parliamentary democracy in India and was one of the founders of the international Non-Aligned Movement.
The son of moderate nationalist leader and Congressman Motilal Nehru, Jawaharlal Nehru became a leader of the left wing of the Congress when fairly young. Rising to become Congress President under the mentorship of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Nehru was a charismatic leader, advocating complete independence for India from the British Empire. Throughout his life, Nehru advocated Democratic Socialism/Fabian Socialism and a strong public sector as the means by which economic development could be pursued by poorer nations. He was the father of Indira Gandhi and the maternal grandfather of Rajiv Gandhi, who would later serve as the third and sixth Prime Ministers of India respectively.
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Priyanka Chopra
Priyanka Chopra (pronounced [prɪˈjəŋkaː ˈtʃoːpɽaː]; born 18 July 1982) is an Indian actress, singer-songwriter and former Miss World. Before starting her acting career, she worked as a model and gained fame after winning the Miss World title in 2000. She is often referred to by the nickname "Piggy Chops", which was given to her by co-stars on the set of the film Bluffmaster! During her career, Chopra has received four Filmfare Awards, among seven nominations and one National Film Award for Best Actress.
Chopra made her acting debut with the 2002 Tamil film Thamizhan. The following year, she made her Bollywood film debut with The Hero: Love Story of a Spy and followed it with the hit Andaaz, for which she won a Filmfare Best Female Debut Award. In 2004, she became the second woman to win the Filmfare Best Villain Award, which she received for her critically acclaimed performance in Aitraaz. She subsequently appeared in successful films like Mujhse Shaadi Karogi (2004), Waqt: The Race Against Time (2005), Krrish (2006) and Don (2006).
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R. Madhavan
R. Madhavan (born 1 June 1970) is an Indian actor, writer, film producer and television host. Madhavan has received a Filmfare Award, an award from the Tamil Nadu State Film Awards alongside recognition and nominations from other organisations. He has been described as one of the few actors in India who is able to achieve pan-Indian appeal, appearing in films from seven different languages.
Madhavan began his acting career with television guest appearances, including a role on the Zee TV prime-time soap opera Banegi Apni Baat in 1996. After appearing in commercials and in small roles, he later gained recognition as the husband going through the traumas of his marriage in Mani Ratnam's successful romantic film Alaipayuthey (2000). Madhavan soon developed an image as a romantic hero with notable roles in two of 2001's biggest grossers, Gautham Menon's directorial debut Minnale and Madras Talkies' Dumm Dumm Dumm. He worked with Ratnam again in the critically acclaimed 2002 film Kannathil Muthamittal playing the father of an adopted girl, whilst he enjoyed commercial success with his role in Linguswamy's action film, Run (2002).
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Saurabh Tiwary
Saurabh Sunil Tiwary (Hindi/Bhojpuri: सौरभ) (born 30 December 1989, in Ramgarh, Jharkhand) is an Indian One Day International and first class cricketer. Tiwary is a left-handed middle order batsman. He was one of the key batsmen in the Indian team that won the 2008 U/19 Cricket World Cup in Malaysia. He was born in a bihari family in Bhagalpur, Bihar and brought up in Jamshedpur.
He represented Mumbai Indians from the 2008 Indian Premier League. He has become a regular player for them in the IPL 2010, where he was dubbed as a left-handed version of Mahendra Singh Dhoni.
He has won the Under-23 player of the tournament for IPL 2010 representing Mumbai Indians as he had a fairly successful tournament, scoring 419 runs in 16 matches, at an average of 29.92 and strike rate of 135.59. He was signed by Royal Challengers Bangalore for the 2011 Indian Premier League at a price of USD 1.6 million..
He was called into the squad for the 2010 Asia Cup, but did not play. He made his ODI debut against Australia in Visakhapatnam in October 2010 after a few first-choice players were rested.
wn.com/Saurabh_Tiwary -
Shapurji Saklatvala
Shapurji Dorabji Saklatvala (1874–1936) was a British politician of Indian Parsi heritage. In 1922 Saklatvala became the third ethnic Indian elected to the Parliament of the United Kingdom, following Dadabhai Naoroji and Mancherjee Bhownagree. He also was among the earliest members of the Communist Party of Great Britain to serve as a Member of Parliament.
Shapurji Saklatvala was born 28 March 1874 in Bombay (now Mumbai), India, the son of a merchant. He was educated at St. Xavier's School in Bombay before moving to St. Xavier's College for his collegiate education.
He worked briefly as an iron and coal prospector for Jamsetji Tata before moving to England in 1905. It was at this time that he joined Lincoln's Inn and qualified as a barrister.
Saklatvala was a committed socialist and first joined the Independent Labour Party (ILP) in Manchester in 1909.
The Bolshevik Revolution in Russia of November 1917 was an inspiration to Saklatvala and following the establishment of the Communist International in 1919 he became active in attempting to affiliate the ILP with that new organization. Saklatvala joined with Emile Burns, R. Palme Dutt, J. Walton Newbold, Helen Crawfurd, and others as part of an organized faction called the Left Wing Group of the ILP which was dedicated to this effort. When the affiliation drive by Saklatvala and the ILP's left wing ended in failure in the party's March 1921 national conference, Saklatvala left the organization with the others in the Left Wing Group to join the new Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB).
wn.com/Shapurji_Saklatvala -
Tanushree Dutta
Tanushree Dutta (Bengali: তনুশ্রী দত্ত; pronounced [t̪ənʊʃri], ITRANS: tanushri; born 19 March 1984) is an Indian model who appears in mainly Bollywood films. A former beauty queen, she won the Femina Miss India universe title in 2004.
Dutta was born and raised in Jamshedpur, Jharkhand (then Bihar) to a Bengali Hindu Kayastha family. She attended school in Jamshedpur, and graduated from Pune University.
Dutta won the Femina Miss India 2004 competition held in Mumbai; subsequently she won the title of Femina Miss India Universe 2004 and represented India at Miss Universe 2004 Quito, Ecuador where she placed in the Top 10. In 2005, the Government of Jharkhand honored her by releasing postcards and stamps featuring her. She made her Bollywood debut in 2005 appearing in Chocolate and Aashiq Banaya Apne.not get married till date.
wn.com/Tanushree_Dutta -
Thomas Carlyle
Thomas Carlyle (4 December 1795 – 5 February 1881) was a Scottish satirical writer, essayist, historian and teacher during the Victorian era. He called economics "the dismal science", wrote articles for the Edinburgh Encyclopedia, and became a controversial social commentator.
Coming from a strict Calvinist family, Carlyle was expected to become a preacher by his parents, but while at the University of Edinburgh he lost his Christian faith. Calvinist values, however, remained with him throughout his life. His combination of a religious temperament with loss of faith in traditional Christianity, made Carlyle's work appealing to many Victorians who were grappling with scientific and political changes that threatened the traditional social order. He brought a trenchant style to his social and political criticism and a complex literary style to works such as The French Revolution: A History (1837). Dickens used Carlyle's work as a primary source for the events of the French Revolution in his novel A Tale of Two Cities.
wn.com/Thomas_Carlyle -
Tianjin
Tianjin (help·info) (Chinese: 天津; pinyin: Tiānjīn; Mandarin pronunciation: [tʰjɛ́ntɕín]; Tianjinese: /tʰiɛn˨˩tɕin˨˩/~[tʰjɛ̃̀ɦɪ̀ŋ]; Postal map spelling: Tientsin) is a metropolis in northern China and one of the five national central cities of the People's Republic of China. It is governed as a direct-controlled municipality, one of four such designations, and is, thus, under direct administration of the central government. Tianjin borders Hebei Province and Beijing Municipality, bounded to the east by the Bohai Gulf portion of the Yellow Sea.
As a dual-core city, Tianjin is divided into the old city and the Binhai New Area. Binhai New Area is a new growth pole in China, and it maintains an annual growth rate of nearly 30% of the GDP. As of the end of 2010, 285 Fortune Global 500 companies have established branch offices in Binhai. It is a base of China's advanced industry, financial reform, and innovation.
In terms of urban population, it is the sixth-largest city of the People's Republic of China, and its urban land area (Binhai New Area is not included) ranks fifth in the nation after Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan and Guangzhou. Tianjin's urban area is located along the Hai River, which connects to the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers via the Grand Canal in Tianjin. Tianjin was once home to foreign concessions in the late Qing Dynasty and early Kuomintang (KMT) era. The municipality incorporates the coastal region of Tanggu, home to the Binhai New Area and the Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA).
wn.com/Tianjin -
Yuvraj Singh
Yuvraj Singh pronunciation (help·info) (born 12 December 1981) is an Indian cricketer, and the son of former Indian fast bowler and Punjabi movie star Yograj Singh. He has been a member of the Indian cricket team since 2000 (ODIs) and played his first Test match in 2003. He was the vice-captain of the ODI team from late-2007 to late-2008. At the 2007 World Twenty20 he hit six sixes in an over against England's Stuart Broad—a feat performed only three times previously in any form of senior cricket, and previously never in an international match between two Test cricket nations. He was named the Man of the Tournament in the 2011 Cricket World Cup.
He was recently diagnosed with a cancerous tumor (Stage-I) in his left lung and underwent chemotherapy treatment at the Cancer Research Institute in Boston, USA. On March 18, 2012 Yuvraj Singh discharged from hospital after completing the third and final cycle of chemotherapy to recover from a rare germ cell cancer in Boston, USA. On April 9, 2012 Yuvraj Singh returned home after undergoing treatment for rare germ cell cancer in the United States.
wn.com/Yuvraj_Singh
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Jamshedpur
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:12
- Updated: 24 Nov 2012
a little Description about one of the Best City in the World... Jamshedpur.... Jamshedpur (Tatanagar)
http://wn.com/Jamshedpur
a little Description about one of the Best City in the World... Jamshedpur.... Jamshedpur (Tatanagar)
Tata Steel Jamshedpur - A Heart Touching Video
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:30
- Updated: 01 Dec 2012
An exciting story of Tata Steel Jamshedpur, founded by JN Tata is one of the leading companies of Tata Group- how dream turned into realty in world's largest democratic country India.
http://wn.com/Tata_Steel_Jamshedpur_A_Heart_Touching_Video
An exciting story of Tata Steel Jamshedpur, founded by JN Tata is one of the leading companies of Tata Group- how dream turned into realty in world's largest democratic country India.
- published: 23 Feb 2012
- views: 13276
- author: MrWebmaster2012
Ratan Tata arrival at Tata Steel Jamshedpur
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:57
- Updated: 02 Dec 2012
The 172nd birth anniversary of Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata was celebrated at Tata Steel Jamshedpur, with Tata Sons Chairman Ratan N Tata along with Deputy Chairman Cyrus Mistry participating in the celebrations.
http://wn.com/Ratan_Tata_arrival_at_Tata_Steel_Jamshedpur
The 172nd birth anniversary of Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata was celebrated at Tata Steel Jamshedpur, with Tata Sons Chairman Ratan N Tata along with Deputy Chairman Cyrus Mistry participating in the celebrations.
- published: 06 Mar 2012
- views: 5038
- author: tatasteeljamshedpur
Tata's JUSCO changes the face of Jamshedpur
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:30
- Updated: 01 Nov 2012
Tata's JUSCO is a company that takes its Corporate Social Responsibility very seriously. It is the equivalent of a municipal corporation for Jamshedpur, providing 24-hour portable drinking water, uninterrupted power supply and infrastructure for the local population. ibnlive.com
http://wn.com/Tata's_JUSCO_changes_the_face_of_Jamshedpur
Tata's JUSCO is a company that takes its Corporate Social Responsibility very seriously. It is the equivalent of a municipal corporation for Jamshedpur, providing 24-hour portable drinking water, uninterrupted power supply and infrastructure for the local population. ibnlive.com
- published: 01 Jun 2012
- views: 704
- author: ibnlive
25 Feet Long Python Caught Near Jamshedpur
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:47
- Updated: 04 Jul 2012
A 25-feet-long python was caught by villagers on Tuesday in a field near Bhutka village under Potka block, nearly 90 km away from here.
http://wn.com/25_Feet_Long_Python_Caught_Near_Jamshedpur
A 25-feet-long python was caught by villagers on Tuesday in a field near Bhutka village under Potka block, nearly 90 km away from here.
- published: 31 Aug 2011
- views: 2735
- author: IndiaTV
Jamshedpur: Hangout at Nicco Jubilee Park
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:46
- Updated: 18 Aug 2012
Planning to hangout in Jamshedpur, Nicco Jubilee Park is the place to go for kids, youths & family.
http://wn.com/Jamshedpur_Hangout_at_Nicco_Jubilee_Park
Planning to hangout in Jamshedpur, Nicco Jubilee Park is the place to go for kids, youths & family.
- published: 18 Aug 2012
- views: 569
- author: inextlive
Memories of Jamshedpur ---Apni Marji Se Kahan Apne Safar ke Hum Hain. HD.wmv
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:17
- Updated: 26 Nov 2012
Strangely enough, my last visit to The Beautiful City I love was in the year 1986 and that too for the wrong reasons!!! Apni Marji Se Kahan Apne Safar Ke Hum Hain. Rukh Hawaaon Ka jidhar hai, Udhar Ke Hum Hain........is sung by late sh. Jagjit Singh
http://wn.com/Memories_of_Jamshedpur_---Apni_Marji_Se_Kahan_Apne_Safar_ke_Hum_Hain_HDwmv
Strangely enough, my last visit to The Beautiful City I love was in the year 1986 and that too for the wrong reasons!!! Apni Marji Se Kahan Apne Safar Ke Hum Hain. Rukh Hawaaon Ka jidhar hai, Udhar Ke Hum Hain........is sung by late sh. Jagjit Singh
- published: 13 Aug 2012
- views: 538
- author: 13walia
Jamshedpur: Woman stripped, paraded naked for dowry - NewsX
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:25
- Updated: 17 Nov 2012
In the third shocking crime against women inn the last 48 hours the in-laws of a Jamshedpur woman paraded her naked for not giving in to their dowry demands. The incident coming barely hours after 2 horrific gang-rapes in Haryana.. In Hisar district the father of a 16-year-old gir committed suicide after the rapists circulated an MMS of the crime. While in Jind the police refused to file a case of rape of a dalit woman. Only after the victim who was raped before her two children threatened to commit suicide did they arrest 3 of the suspects.... For more log onto- www.newsx.com
http://wn.com/Jamshedpur_Woman_stripped,_paraded_naked_for_dowry_NewsX
In the third shocking crime against women inn the last 48 hours the in-laws of a Jamshedpur woman paraded her naked for not giving in to their dowry demands. The incident coming barely hours after 2 horrific gang-rapes in Haryana.. In Hisar district the father of a 16-year-old gir committed suicide after the rapists circulated an MMS of the crime. While in Jind the police refused to file a case of rape of a dalit woman. Only after the victim who was raped before her two children threatened to commit suicide did they arrest 3 of the suspects.... For more log onto- www.newsx.com
- published: 27 Sep 2012
- views: 5212
- author: newsxlive
JAMSHEDPUR CYCLE STUNT BY SONU CLUB NOS GT
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:34
- Updated: 08 Dec 2012
it has been some stunts from jamshedpur human compass, christ, wheelie, standing wheeelie, stoppie, rolling stoppie,cycle stunt,bike stunt,delhi stunt,indian,jamshedpur stunt,club nos gt sonu,in octane christ,cleopatra
http://wn.com/JAMSHEDPUR_CYCLE_STUNT_BY_SONU_CLUB_NOS_GT
it has been some stunts from jamshedpur human compass, christ, wheelie, standing wheeelie, stoppie, rolling stoppie,cycle stunt,bike stunt,delhi stunt,indian,jamshedpur stunt,club nos gt sonu,in octane christ,cleopatra
- published: 03 Nov 2012
- views: 343
- author: Sonu Plaha
Jamshedpur - Wiki Article
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 32:32
- Updated: 16 Nov 2012
Jamshedpur (Bengali: জামশেদপুর, Hindi: जमशेदपुर), pronunciation) is the largest urban conglomeration and most populous city in the state of Jharkhand, India. Jamshedpur is the first planned industr... Jamshedpur - Wiki Article - wikiplays.org Original @ http All Information Derived from Wikipedia using Creative Commons License: en.wikipedia.org Author: track id Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:Creative Commons ASA 3.0, This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: alok 57 Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:Creative Commons ASA 3.0, This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: alok57 Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:Creative Commons ASA 3.0, This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: Devx101 Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:Creative Commons ASA 3.0, Creative Commons License Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: Unknown Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:Creative Commons ASA 3.0, This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: Alokprasad Im...
http://wn.com/Jamshedpur_Wiki_Article
Jamshedpur (Bengali: জামশেদপুর, Hindi: जमशेदपुर), pronunciation) is the largest urban conglomeration and most populous city in the state of Jharkhand, India. Jamshedpur is the first planned industr... Jamshedpur - Wiki Article - wikiplays.org Original @ http All Information Derived from Wikipedia using Creative Commons License: en.wikipedia.org Author: track id Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:Creative Commons ASA 3.0, This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: alok 57 Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:Creative Commons ASA 3.0, This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: alok57 Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:Creative Commons ASA 3.0, This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: Devx101 Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:Creative Commons ASA 3.0, Creative Commons License Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: Unknown Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:Creative Commons ASA 3.0, This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: Alokprasad Im...
- published: 27 Oct 2012
- views: 478
- author: WikiPlays
Jharkhand- Privatization of electricity creates chaos in Ranchi, Jamshedpur and other cities
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:07
- Updated: 08 Dec 2012
To get the latest news updates in Bhojpuri subscribe to Mahuaanewstv: www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Jharkhand_Privatization_of_electricity_creates_chaos_in_Ranchi,_Jamshedpur_and_other_cities
To get the latest news updates in Bhojpuri subscribe to Mahuaanewstv: www.youtube.com
- published: 08 Dec 2012
- views: 1
- author: M Mahuaanews
Tamanna dance event in XLRI, Jamshedpur
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:13
- Updated: 03 Dec 2012
Loyola School, Jamshedpur organized a dance & music program at Tata auditorium of XLRI.
http://wn.com/Tamanna_dance_event_in_XLRI,_Jamshedpur
Loyola School, Jamshedpur organized a dance & music program at Tata auditorium of XLRI.
- published: 03 Dec 2012
- views: 28
- author: inextlive
ENTERING JAMSHEDPUR ....IN MOVIE UDAAN.mp4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:54
- Updated: 01 Sep 2012
JAMSHEDPUR RAILWAY STATION
http://wn.com/ENTERING_JAMSHEDPUR_IN_MOVIE_UDAANmp4
JAMSHEDPUR RAILWAY STATION
- published: 12 Oct 2010
- views: 7362
- author: Khan Aslam
Tata Steel Jamshedpur - Road Made from Waste Plastics in Jamshedpur
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:35
- Updated: 28 Nov 2012
Tata Steel Jamshedpur : On the auspicious occasion of World Environment Day,road made from Waste Plastic, inaugurated by Mr.Akhilesh(IPS),SSP,East Singhbhum in the presence of VP,Tata Steel, MD,Jusco and other guests.
http://wn.com/Tata_Steel_Jamshedpur_Road_Made_from_Waste_Plastics_in_Jamshedpur
Tata Steel Jamshedpur : On the auspicious occasion of World Environment Day,road made from Waste Plastic, inaugurated by Mr.Akhilesh(IPS),SSP,East Singhbhum in the presence of VP,Tata Steel, MD,Jusco and other guests.
- published: 12 Jun 2012
- views: 1385
- author: MrWebmaster2012
Jamshedpur.wmv
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:12
- Updated: 13 Nov 2012
THE HEAVEN ON EARTH
http://wn.com/Jamshedpurwmv
THE HEAVEN ON EARTH
- published: 22 Apr 2012
- views: 864
- author: bittu150
Ensemble 2012 at XLRI Jamshedpur
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:30
- Updated: 16 Nov 2012
In Ensemble, the annual international business summit of XLRI, students of different IIMs & IITs and XLRI itself participated in many competitions & enjoyed them.
http://wn.com/Ensemble_2012_at_XLRI_Jamshedpur
In Ensemble, the annual international business summit of XLRI, students of different IIMs & IITs and XLRI itself participated in many competitions & enjoyed them.
- published: 12 Nov 2012
- views: 125
- author: inextlive
Marine Plaza Retail, Jamshedpur
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:53
- Updated: 13 Nov 2012
http://wn.com/Marine_Plaza_Retail,_Jamshedpur
- published: 16 Dec 2011
- views: 1817
- author: ashianahousing1
I LOVE MY JAMSHEDPUR
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:44
- Updated: 24 Sep 2012
This song is a gift to TATA STEEL written and directed by MAHEDRA KUMAR KALINDI.... I LOVE MY JAMSHEDPUR
http://wn.com/I_LOVE_MY_JAMSHEDPUR
This song is a gift to TATA STEEL written and directed by MAHEDRA KUMAR KALINDI.... I LOVE MY JAMSHEDPUR
- published: 20 Jul 2012
- views: 280
- author: mahendra kumar
Sourav Ganguly 105 vs Sa at Jamshedpur (2nd ODI) 2000
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:35
- Updated: 06 Sep 2012
http://wn.com/Sourav_Ganguly_105_vs_Sa_at_Jamshedpur_2nd_ODI_2000
- published: 16 Aug 2012
- views: 367
- author: myjkyz87a
RVS College of Engineering and Technology, Jamshedpur
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:07
- Updated: 03 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/RVS_College_of_Engineering_and_Technology,_Jamshedpur
- published: 30 Jun 2012
- views: 354
- author: rvscetjsr
Raid caught on camera in Jamshedpur
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:15
- Updated: 26 Sep 2012
Raid caught on camera in Jamshedpur
http://wn.com/Raid_caught_on_camera_in_Jamshedpur
Raid caught on camera in Jamshedpur
- published: 26 Sep 2012
- views: 54
- author: Samay Live
Sourav Ganguly 105* vs South Africa - 2nd ODI - Jamshedpur - 2000
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:35
- Updated: 29 Nov 2012
India, with Sourav Ganguly in blistering form, coasted to a six wicket victory over South Africa with 17 deliveries to spare in the second one day international at the Keenan stadium in Jamshedpur on Sunday. With this, India took a 2-0 lead in the five match series. Tkank you myjkyz87a for the Video
http://wn.com/Sourav_Ganguly_105*_vs_South_Africa_2nd_ODI_Jamshedpur_2000
India, with Sourav Ganguly in blistering form, coasted to a six wicket victory over South Africa with 17 deliveries to spare in the second one day international at the Keenan stadium in Jamshedpur on Sunday. With this, India took a 2-0 lead in the five match series. Tkank you myjkyz87a for the Video
- published: 16 Aug 2012
- views: 7181
- author: SouravGangulyCo
TATA Crucible Campus Quiz 2012 - Jamshedpur Regional Final Part 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:27
- Updated: 24 May 2012
http://wn.com/TATA_Crucible_Campus_Quiz_2012_Jamshedpur_Regional_Final_Part_1
- published: 24 May 2012
- views: 562
- author: TataCrucible
photo: AP / Photo
06 Dec 2012
Lionel Messi missed out on a chance to match Gerd Mueller's record of 85 goals in a calendar year as he was injured during Barcelona's draw with Benfica. Messi, who hurt his left knee in a collision with Benfica keeper Artur, was taken off 30 minutes after coming on as a second-half substitute. Benfica knew a win would see them finish second behind Barca in Group G ... FC Barcelona's official Twitter account tweeted after the Benfica game....(size: 2.5Kb)
photo: AP / Bullit Marquez
06 Dec 2012
NEW BATAAN, Philippines - A powerful typhoon that washed away emergency shelters, a military camp and possibly entire families in the southern Philippines has killed almost 350 people with nearly 400 missing, authorities said Thursday. More bodies were retrieved from hardest-hit Compostela Valley and Davao Oriental provinces and six others impacted by Tuesday's storm, the Office of Civil Defense reported ... "It was horrible ... --- ... Location....(size: 8.0Kb)
photo: AP / Vahid Salemi
07 Dec 2012
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. The in- and out-fighting between present-day Saudi Arabia and Iran is a mirror image of what occurred to Prophet Muhammad's Islamic Movement right after his death ... Still, and due to prosperity and wealth, an influx of trade goods, religious toleration, an emphasis on learning, and increased food supplies, Islam was becoming a vast empire ... Recent U.S ... Dallas Darling (darling@wn.com)....(size: 7.5Kb)
photo: AP / Osama Faisal
08 Dec 2012
There has been a historic shift in the UN climate talks in Qatar, with the prospect of rich nations having to compensate poor nations for losses due to climate change. The US has fiercely opposed the measure - it says the cost could be unlimited. But after angry tussles throughout the night the principle of Loss and Damage is now in the final negotiating text ... The political stakes are high ... "I will block this ... "I will block this ... ....(size: 3.1Kb)
The Times of India
09 Dec 2012
JAMSHEDPUR. Hard work, discipline and consistency will pave way for recognition in the film industry, believes Bengali film actress Sudeshna Chakraborty. She said promising artists in the Steel City would have a good chance to make a mark in the entertainment industry provided they pursue their endeavour with passion ... ....(size: 1.6Kb)
The Times of India
09 Dec 2012
JAMSHEDPUR. The fifth edition of the two-day short film festival "Shorts 2012" kicked off at the SNTI auditorium on Saturday. The festival, which was introduced to promote young filmmakers, will showcase 16 films made by professionals and amateurs in Hindi, English and Bengali ... The festival is all about interaction and learning ... ....(size: 1.7Kb)
The Telegraph India
09 Dec 2012
Forgotten faith. Sir I went to Nabadwip recently and visited all the temples. I was shocked to witness the business being conducted in the name of religion there. Everything, from the permission to enter the temples to the prasad, came with a price tag. For Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, Vaishnavism was a way of life, not merely a religion. He denounced materialism and the rigidity of rituals ... Yours faithfully, ... Games up ... James Davis, Jamshedpur....(size: 6.5Kb)
The Telegraph India
08 Dec 2012
But that trend is set to change with Jamshedpur gearing ......(size: 0.3Kb)
The Times of India
08 Dec 2012
JAMSHEDPUR ... at the end of round two of PGTI's Pre Qualifying II for the 2013 season being held at Golmuri Golf Course in Jamshedpur....(size: 0.7Kb)
The Hindu
08 Dec 2012
At 5 p.m ... They had travelled all the way from Jamshedpur and were hoping to make their 6 p.m. flight to Chennai ... And, when CEO of TCS, N ... Smaller towns such as Coimbatore, Jamshedpur, Lucknow and many others are giving the cities a hard time,” says Giri Balasubramanium, popularly known as Pickbrain, also the CEO of Greycaps, an on-stage quizzing and knowledge service provider company, who hosts the TCS IT Wiz every year ... Giri said....(size: 3.5Kb)
The Telegraph India
08 Dec 2012
... for electricity distribution in Ranchi and Jamshedpur....(size: 0.3Kb)
Indian Express
08 Dec 2012
... on strike to protest the boards MoUs with Calcutta Electric Supply Corporation and Tata Power for power distribution in Ranchi and Jamshedpur, a move the JSEB Officers Engineers Employees Coordination Committee believes is a step towards privatisation....(size: 1.3Kb)
The Times of India
08 Dec 2012
BHUBANESWAR. The Orissa Kennel Club is showing its prowess at a two-day dog show at Veterinary College ground here, which kick-started on Saturday. Visitors enjoyed obedience tests, agility shows and various dog sports on the opening day ... "I attend the show every year to learn more about the dog world ... Another dog lover and owner of two Labradors named Jeera and Chiku said he travelled all the way from Jamshedpur to attend the show ... ....(size: 2.2Kb)
The Times of India
07 Dec 2012
JAMSHEDPUR ... About 10 senior technicians of the Power Grid Corporation, who came from Ranchi following the JSEB request, extended their support to the local administration to restore electricity in Seraikela and Jamshedpur ... However, an executive engineer of the JSEB's Jamshedpur circle had a different view ... Adityapur-Gamharia in Seraikela was the first among the areas in Kolhan to receive partial power supply post midnight on Thursday ... ....(size: 2.7Kb)
| Jamshedpur (जमशेदपुर) Tata Nagar |
|
| — metropolitan city — | |
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|
|
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|
| Coordinates | 22°48′N 86°11′E / 22.8°N 86.183°E / 22.8; 86.183Coordinates: 22°48′N 86°11′E / 22.8°N 86.183°E / 22.8; 86.183 |
| Country | India |
| State | Jharkhand |
| District(s) | East Singhbhum |
| MP | Dr. Ajay Kumar |
| Parliamentary constituency | Jamshedpur |
| Assembly constituency | Jamshedpur East Jamshedpur West |
| Population • Density |
2,93,37,131 (2011[update]) • 1,404 /km2 (3,636 /sq mi) |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+05:30) |
| Area |
149.23 square kilometres (57.62 sq mi) • 159 metres (522 ft) |
| Website | www.jamshedpur.nic.in |
Jamshedpur /ˈdʒɑːmʃɛdpʊər/ (Hindi: जमशेदपुर, Bengali: জামশেদপুর, pronunciation (help·info)) is the largest urban conglomeration and most populous city in the state of Jharkhand, India . Jamshedpur is the first planned industrial city of India, founded by the late Jamshedji Nusserwanji Tata. It is also known as Steel City, TataNagar or simply Tata.
Jamshedpur is the headquarters of the East Singhbhum district of Jharkhand. It has a population of 2,337,131 (according to the 2011 census) and is the third Largest city in Eastern India after Kolkata and Patna. It ranks 36th among the 53 million-plus cities in India.[1] It is located on the Chota Nagpur plateau and is surrounded by the picturesque Dalma Hills. The city is bordered by the rivers Subarnarekha and Kharkai on the north and west parts of the city.
Jamshedpur is a major industrial centre of East India. It houses companies like Tata Steel, Tata Motors, Tata Power, Lafarge Cement, Telcon, BOC Gases, Tata Technologies Limited, Praxair, TCE, TCS, Tinplate and many more. It is home to one of the largest industrial zones of India known as Adityapur which houses more than 1,200 small and medium scale industries.
Jamshedpur was declared the 7th cleanest city of India for the year 2010 according to survey by the Government of India.[2] In a survey in the year 2007, Jamshedpur was declared the 7th richest city of India. The survey was conducted on the basis of the percentage of population whose annual income is more than 1 million Rupees. It has been predicted as the 84th fastest growing city in the world for the timeframe 2006-2020.[3] A major part of the city is run by Tata Steel itself. Jamshedpur has been selected as one of the cities for the Global Compact Cities Pilot Programme by United Nations, the only one to be selected in India as well as the entire South-East Asia.[4]
Etymology[link]
In 1919 Lord Chelmsford named the city, which was early a village called Sakchi to Jamshedpur in honour of its founder, Jamshedji Nausserwanji Tata, whose birthday is celebrated on 3 March as Founder's Day. J. N. Tata had written to his son Dorabji Tata about his vision of a great city in the area. On Founders Day, the 225-acre (0.91 km2) Jubilee Park is decorated with brilliant lightwork for about a week .
The city has several nicknames including 'Steel City' (which was referenced during TATA Steel's 'Green City - Clean City - Steel City' campaign); 'Tatanagar' after the name of its railway station Tatanagar Railway Station or simply 'Tata' in deference to the presence of Tata companies. At one time it was also known as 'Kalimati' (meaning "black soil") after the village near the Sakchi area. The only trace of the name is the main road through Sakchi area of Jamshedpur which is named Kalimati road.
History[link]
By the end of 19th century Jamshedji Nusserwanji Tata met steel makers in Pittsburgh to get the most advanced technology for his plant. It is said that he got the idea of building a steel plant when he heard Thomas Carlyle declaring that "the nation which gains control of iron soon acquires the control of gold" in a lecture in Manchester.[5] At the turn of the twentieth century, Jamshetji Tata asked geologist Charles Page Perin to help him find the site to build India's first steel plant. The search for a site rich in iron, coal, limestone and water began in April 1904 in today's Madhya Pradesh.
The prospectors C. M. Weld, Dorabji Tata and Shapurji Saklatvala, took nearly three years in a painstaking search across vast stretches of inhospitable terrain to find a location. One day they came across a village called Sakchi, on the densely forested stretches of the Chota Nagpur plateau, near the confluence of the Subarnarekha and Kharkai rivers. It seemed to be the ideal choice and the place was selected.[6]
In 1908 the construction of the plant as well as the city officially began.[6] The first steel ingot was rolled on 16 February 1912. It was a momentous day in the history of industrial India.[7]
Jamshedji's plan for the city was clear. He envisioned far more than a mere row of workers hutments. He insisted upon building all the comforts and conveniences a city could provide. As a result, many areas in the city are well planned and there are public leisure places such as the Jubilee Park. While building the city, Jamshedji Tata had said, "Be sure to lay wide streets planted with shady trees, every other of a quick growing variety. Be sure that there is plenty of space for lawns and gardens; reserve large areas for football, hockey and parks; earmark areas for Hindu temples, Mohammedan mosques and Christian churches."
Messrs Julin Kennedy Sahlin of Pittsburgh, U.S.A, prepared the first layout of the town of Jamshedpur.[8] What the city looks like today is a testament to his visionary plans.[9] Jamshedpur is the only million plus city in India without a municipal corporation.
Legend has it that in the late 1980s when the state government proposed a law to end the Tatas' administration of Jamshedpur and bring the city under a municipality, the local populace rose in protest and defeated the government's proposal. In 2005, a similar proposal was once again put up by lobbying politicians. The target audience was the working class. A large majority sided with the government and set up protest meetings outside the East-Singhbhum Deputy Commissioner's office. However, the objective was never achieved and Jamshedpur remains without a municipality.[10][11][12]
Geography[link]
Jamshedpur is situated in the southern end of the state of Jharkhand and is bordered by the states of Orissa and West Bengal. The average elevation of the city is 135 metres[13] while the range is from 129 m to 151 m.[14] Total geographical area of Jamshedpur is 149.23 km square.[15] Jamshedpur is primarily located in a hilly region and is surrounded by the Dalma Hills running from west to east and covered with dense forests. The other smaller hill ranges near the city are Ukam Hill and the Jadugoda-musabani hill range.[16] The city is also a part of the larger Chota Nagpur Plateau region. The region is formed of the sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rocks belonging to the Dharwarian period.
Jamshedpur is located at the confluence of Kharkai and Subarnarekha Rivers. Subarnarekha is the principle river of Jamshedpur, which flows from west to south eastern part of the territory. Many small rivers, especially the tributaries, join the Subarnarekha river in this area. Kharkai flows from the south and joins the Subarnarekha river at a place called Domohani. The two rivers are the major sources of drinking water and groundwater for the city. Several lakes of varying size are also located near the fringes of the city. The major of them being the Dimna lake located in between the Dalma range and the Sitarampur reservoir situated beside Kharkai river.[17] Both of them also act as reservoirs for drinking water in the city.
The city falls under deciduous type of forest region and the green cover is estimated to be around 33% of the total land area.[18] The city falls under the Seismic Zone II region.[19]
Climate[link]
Jamshedpur has a temperate climate, featuring a tropical wet and dry climate. Summers start in mid-March and can be extremely hot in May and June. The temperature variation during summer is from 35º – 42 °C The minimum temperature during winters is 8 °C. The climate of Jamshedpur is marked by south-west monsoon. Jamshedpur gets heavy rainfall from July to September and receives about 1200mm of rainfall annually.
| Climate data for Jamshedpur, India | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 24 (75) |
27 (81) |
32 (90) |
40 (104) |
42 (108) |
37 (99) |
31 (88) |
31 (88) |
30 (86) |
30 (86) |
27 (81) |
24 (75) |
30 (86) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 14 (57) |
16 (61) |
21 (70) |
25 (77) |
27 (81) |
27 (81) |
26 (79) |
26 (79) |
25 (77) |
22 (72) |
18 (64) |
13 (55) |
22 (72) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 10.8 (0.425) |
13.3 (0.524) |
19.4 (0.764) |
17.7 (0.697) |
54.9 (2.161) |
172.8 (6.803) |
230.9 (9.091) |
252.7 (9.949) |
165.8 (6.528) |
54.5 (2.146) |
8.7 (0.343) |
5.9 (0.232) |
1,007.4 (39.661) |
| Source: Weatherbase[20] | |||||||||||||
Demographics[link]
As of 2011 India census,[21] Jamshedpur Urban Agglomeration had a population of 13,37,131. It is designated as a Million plus Urban agglomeration as per Govt terminology.[22] Males constitute 52.1% of the population and females 47.9%. Tribals constitute around 28 % of the population. Jamshedpur has an average literacy rate of 85.94%, higher than the national average of 74%. In Jamshedpur, 11.5% of the population is under 6 years of age.[1]
The major conversational languages are Hindi, Bengali, Santali though languages of other states are also spoken by immigrants in Jamshedpur. Tribal languages such as Santali and Ho are spoken in the city outskirts. The population is multi-ethnic owing to migration of people from all over the country to work in the numerous industries present in the city.
See also: List of cities in Jharkhand
Economy[link]
Main article: Economy and Industries of Jamshedpur
Jamshedpur is home to the first private iron and steel company of India. The areas surrounding Jamshedpur are rich in minerals, including iron ore, coal, manganese bauxite and lime.It is a modern, industrial city; the main industries being iron and steel, truck manufacturing, tinplate production, cement and other small and medium scale industries revolving around these products.
The largest factory is that of Tata Steel (the erstwhile Tata Iron and Steel Company or TISCO), situated almost at the center of the city. Tata Steel is the largest iron and steel producing plant in India, as well as the oldest. Plans have been made for the expansion of Tata Steel's existing plant at Jamshedpur from 7 million tonnes per annum to 10 million tonnes per annum. It would then be the first plant in the world to have 10 million tonne capacity in a single campus. The steel plant covers around a fourth of the land area of Jamshedpur, and has two inland water lakes.
Tata has won awards like the Prime Minister's Trophy for Best Integrated Steel Plant for a record five times,[23] ranked World’s Best Steel Maker for three times by World Steel Dynamics,[24] world renowned Deming Prize for major advances in quality improvement.
The other major factory in the city is Tata Motors with Telcon, which manufactures heavy vehicles and construction/earth moving equipment. Tata Motors was previously called The Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company (TELCO), as railway locomotives were once manufactured here. The plant spread over 822 acres[25] is one of the largest in the country and at peak rate can roll out 450 vehicles per day.[26]
Tata Cummins Ltd. (also known as TCL1) is situated beside Tata Motors.It is a joint venture of Tata Motors and Cummins India ltd., manufacting diesel engines for vehicles assembled at Tata Motors. Other than engines for vehicles, it also manufactures engines for generators and marine use.
Lafarge Cement, earlier Tata Cement, is located near Tata Motors. Along with the smokestacks of Tata Power, a coal fired captive power station that supplies a great deal of the city's electricity, it can be conspicuously seen from the railway tracks while coming to Jamshedpur by rail.
Tata Tinplate (the erstwhile Tinplate Co. of India Ltd.) manufactures tinplate. It was originally a British company built in Golmuri, later on taken over by Tata. Another factory, located near Tata Motors, is the Indian Steel and Wire products (ISWP). ISWP was reopened after more than five years by Tata Steel. ISWP resumed production in its wire mill on January 2, 2004, after its takeover by Tata Steel, and has commenced its rod mill operations.
Other industries in the city include TRF Limited, which manufactures bulk material handling and processing machines and other engineering goods, Timken manufacturers of industrial bearings, Tata Ryersons, Agrico, a subsidiary of Tata Steel, manufactures agricultural implements, and Tata Yodogawa Ltd manufactures rolls and dies for rolling mills.
Praxair and Brin's Oxygen Company (BOC), are producers of liquefied oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, they both have plants adjacent to the steel mill.Usha Martin located in Adityapur is a wire rope manufacturing company. Other companies are ABB, TCS, L&T, M.N.Dastur, Danielle, Italiam Pianti.
Most of the smaller companies are located in the 'Adityapur Industrial Estate' which has been Asia's largest Industrial hub for long.
Civic administration[link]
The civic administration of the city is under multiple hands. They are
- Jamshedpur Notified Area Committee (JNAC)
- Adityapur Municipal Council (AMC)
- Jugsalai Municipality and
- Mango Notified Area Committee (MNAC).
JNAC is divided into two parts, one is the Tata lease area while the other is the non-Tata lease area. The leased area which is 41 km² is managed by JUSCO while the rest is managed by JNAC itself.
AMC looks after the 49 km2 of Adityapur region comprising the residential as well the industrial belt. MNAC looks after the residential regions of Mango and Pardih, 18 km2 in area.
The government is considering creating a unified municipal administrative body called the Jamshedpur Urban Agglomeration or JUA. The proposed body would comprise the areas currently under the Jamshedpur Notified Area, Adityapur Municipal council, Mango Notified Area, Jugsalai Municipality and the towns of Parsudih, Ghorabandha, Chotagovindpur, Gadhra, Sarjamdah, Haldubani, Kitadih, and Bagbera, which are a part of the Jamshedpur Block. The JUA would cover an area of 149 km square[15]
Transport[link]
The city is well connected via rail and road services. The intra city road network is very large and planned.
Railways[link]
_Railway_station.jpg)
Tatanagar Junction is a railway junction and a model station on the South Eastern Railway and is the most important railway junction of the state and is the second busiest station of South Eastern Railway after Howrah station as it is connected directly to all the major cities of India, viz., Kolkata, Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Bangalore, Ahmedabad, Alleppy, Amritsar, Jabalpur, Patna, Nagpur, Kanpur, Ranchi, Pune, Jammu, Vishakapatnam, Guwahati, Bhubaneshwar etc. The main railway station of the city is known as Tatanagar Junction, others are Adityapur, Gamahria, Salgajhari, Kandra and Govindpur.
Roadways[link]
Jamshedpur is connected to other parts of India through national and state highways. The major highways are:
- National Highway 33 (NH 33) touches the city and connects it to Mumbai and further joins the NH32, which connects Kolkata with Delhi.
- National Highway 32 (NH 32) connects Jamshedpur to Govindpur via Dhanbad, Bokaro.
Bus services are available from Jamshedpur to Ranchi (131 km), Patna (480 km), Gaya, Kolkata (250 km), Bhubaneshwar (430 km), Cuttack, Asansol, Dhanbad etc.
A new four lane expressway, which connects the industrial town of Adityapur to the city was started in July 2011 to ease traffic congestion and curb road mishaps in both cities.
Local transport[link]
For local transport, the commuters have the options of bus and auto-rickshaw. Auto rickshaws are the popular mode of local commuting. Jamshedpur City Ride Bus is run by JUSCO (Jamshedpur Utilities & Services Company, a Tata enterprise).[1] It was launched in March 2009 adding to the existing city bus fleet. The fleet comprises Tata Star buses.
It services most areas of the city. Each bus is equipped with GPS, electronic sign boards and computerized vending machines. As Jamshedpur is a participating city in centres 63 city urban development scheme JNNURUM the state government has introduced around 50 LFB buses under the scheme.[2]
Airport[link]
Sonari Airport is a small airport serving the city at present. It is spread over a 25 acre area in the Sonari area of the city. The airport is primarily used for bringing in chartered planes of TATA group.
A few airlines that started operations from Jamshedpur in 2007 were forced to withdraw due to unviable operations following conversion of the airport from Category 3C to 2C which means that runway length will be shorter and that no more than 45 passengers can be accommodated on a flight. Kingfisher and MDLR airlines had flights from the airport till November 2009. From 16 August 2010, airlines services were resumed by Deccan Charters with three daily flights to Kolkata.
The airport has a flight training school and simulator center for commercial pilots called Alchemist Aviation (formerly known as Tatanagar Aviation). The Jamshedpur Co-operative Flying Club was started by the Tata Sons group chairman Mr. Ratan Tata who is a pilot himself. The nearest commercial airports are Kolkata and Ranchi.
Tata Steel had in proposed to set up a 600-acre (2.4 km2) greenfield airport on the outskirts of Jamshedpur in Adityapur-Seraikella region. In June 2011 Tata Steel and TRIL entered formally into a joint venture for building the airport. The project is awaiting clearance from Ministry of civil aviation for further progress.[27] The new airport will have the capacity to allow commercial airliners such as the Airbus A320 to land and take off which was not possible from the present airport.[28]
Education and research[link]
Jamshedpur has a high literacy rate, close to the highest in India. The Steel City has 183 schools and 13 colleges. Of these, 25 schools and one inter-college are managed by JUSCO Education Department. They cater to over thirty thousand children, with fees at a concessional rate.
Notable Institutes in the city include XLRI (Xavier Labour Relations Institute), the oldest and one of the best management institutes in India, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College, and the National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur, an Institute of National Importance in the field of engineering/technology. Ranvijay Singh College of Engineering & Technology[R.V.S.C.E.T.], Netaji Subhas Institute of Business Management etc. and others are also present here.
The National Metallurgical Laboratory is located here. The third in the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) family of 38 laboratories, NML was inaugurated and dedicated to the nation on the 26th of November, 1950 by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru "in a spirit of hope and faith in the future".[29]
Jamshedpur has many schools, some of them acclaimed nationally. See Educational institutions in Jamshedpur for a complete list of the schools and colleges in the city.
SNTI or Shavak Nanavati Technical Institute was one of the first labour training institutes of the country and gives technical education to the employees of Tata group of companies and others too. This institute has the largest library in town. Tata Steel also endows scholarships, enabling talented students to pursue higher studies. These include the Golden Jubilee scholarship (KUNAL) which is awarded to deserving students.
Sports[link]
Jamshedpur has a reputation as the sports capital of Jharkhand with Tata Steel promoting sporting activities. Jamshedpur's private clubs provide opportunities for activities, such as golf, tennis, squash, billiards, horse riding and water scootering.
Academies and stadiums include:
JRD Tata Sports Complex has an international standard football ground and an eight-lane monosynthetic track. Facilities for handball, tennis, volleyball, hockey, basketball, boxing, and table tennis, as well as a modern gymnasium, are available at the complex.
Keenan Stadium has a backdrop of the Dalma Hills, providing a picturesque setting for cricket. The stadium is named after John Lawrence Keenan, a former general manager at Tata Steel. The stadium hosted its 1st International One Day Cricket match on December 7, 1983 in which India lost to the touring West Indies Team. Many other International matches have been played here in which India has won only one match against South Africa in 1999-2000. Yuvraj Singh scored his first class highest score of 358 against Bihar at this ground before being selected for the National Team to play the ICC Knock Out Trophy in 2000.
File:Kenan Stadium Tatanagar.JPG
Keenan Stadium
Tata Football Academy (TFA) was started in 1987 to nurture budding Indian footballers and raise the standard of Indian football.
Tata Archery Academy - archery is a sport indigenous to the tribal people of Chhotanagpur and Santhal Pargana. Tata Steel has pursued and nurtured the local tribals and provided them with facilities and training to bring them up to international competition standards in archery. Its students have attributed a lot of fame to the institute by bringing in many medals in National and Intentional competitions.
Jamshedpur has two golf courses - the Beldih Golf Course and the Golmuri Golf Course. Both these courses are at the heart of the city. The biggest is the Beldih Golf Course which is around 6000 yards. The Golmuri Golf Course although smaller is also challenging. They together hold the annual Tata Open Golf Tournament which is an event held under the support of the Professional Golf Tour of India. The tournament was started in 2002.
Media[link]
Hindi, Bengali and English newspapers are published from the city, including Dainik Jagran, Ananda Bazar Patrika, Dainik Bhaskar, Hindustan, Prabhat Khabar and The Telegraph.
TV programming is provided by regional news channels like Sahara Samay, ETV Bihar and Jharkhand. There are several news programmes broadcast by local cable operators in city areas.
Jamshedpur has the following FM radio stations:
- Big FM 92.7,
- Red FM 93.5,
- Radio Dhoom 104.8 FM,
- Vividh Bharati (All India Radio) is broadcast on 100.8 FM.
Places of interest[link]
Jamshedpur though being primarily an Industrial city has also started to attract tourists. It has the benefit of being near a hill and forest range hence it serves as a nodal point for all the further destinations. Some of the major tourist attractions of the city are Jubilee park which was a gift by Tata Steel to the citizens of Jamshedpur on the completion of its 50 years. It was inaugurated by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru the then Prime minister. It is famous for its lighting display on 3 March which is observed as founders day. Dimna Lake is an artificial reservoir and one of the main sources for the city's drinking water. The Lake has facilities for water sports like jetskiing, rowing and water scooting. Dalma Hills are north of the Subarnarenkha river, they stretch 16 km from east to west. Accessible by road it is famous for herds of wild elephants, Trekking and mountain climbing are the major attractions.
The other important ones are Tata Steel Zoological Park, Jubilee Nicco Amusement Park, Chandil dam, Rivers Meet, Hudco Lake, Centre for Excellence (CE), Sir Dorabji Tata Park, Bhuvneswari temple and others. A small town named Ghatshila which is famous for its scenic beauty is some 40 km from the city.
List of notable people from Jamshedpur[link]
Main article: List of people from Jamshedpur
- Actor R. Madhavan
- Miss India World 2000; Miss World 2000 and Bollywood actress Priyanka Chopra
- Miss India Universe 2004 Top 10 Bollywood Actress Tanushree Dutta
- Imtiaz Ali, Hindi film director
- India Cricketers Saurabh Tiwary and Varun Aaron.
- Arjun Munda present Chief Minister of Jharkhand
- Naturalist, zookeeper, conservationist, author and television presenter Gerald Durrell
UN selection for Pilot Project[link]
Jamshedpur was chosen to be one of the six cities to participate in the UN Global Compact Cities pilot programme. The other five cities are Melbourne (Australia), Porto Alegre (Brazil), Tianjin (PRC), Nairobi (Kenya) and San Francisco (USA).
Jamshedpur represented south Asia. Tata Steel's record in community development and its close involvement in providing services to the steel city has been the reason behind Jamshedpur being nominated for the international pilot project.[4]
Jamshedpur in popular culture[link]
- The 2010 Hindi film, Udaan was set in the city.
- The 2011 Hindi film, Bubble Gum is about two teen brothers growing up in Jamshedpur.
-
Dimna Dam
-
Sakchi Market
- List of people from Jamshedpur
- Economy and Industries of Jamshedpur
- Tata Steel
- Jharkhand
- Tatanagar Railway Station
- Adityapur
- Bistupur
- Jugsalai
- Mango
- List of educational institutes in Jamshedpur
- List of mobile network operators in Jamshedpur
- DOEACC
- National Institute of Electronics and Information Technology
- National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur
- XLRI
- B. Muthuraman
- Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College Jamshedpur
- Jamsetji Tata
- Tata Motors
- East Singhbhum
References[link]
- ^ a b http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/india2/Million_Plus_UAs_Cities_2011.pdf
- ^ http://pib.nic.in/archieve/others/2010/may/d2010051103.pdf
- ^ http://www.citymayors.com/statistics/urban_growth1.html
- ^ a b http://www.tata.co.in/company/Media/inside.aspx?artid=SUI2Ut3iDDk=
- ^ http://www.tatasteel.com/corporate/heritage/landmark.asp
- ^ a b http://www.tatasteel100.com/heritage/history/history04.asp
- ^ http://www.tatasteel100.com/heritage/history/history07.asp
- ^ http://tripsguru.com/places/Jamshedpur/moredetails.html
- ^ http://www.domain-b.com/companies/companies_t/tata_steel/20070131_hundred_years.htm
- ^ http://www.financialexpress.com/news/jamshedpur-citizens-do-not-want-municipal-corporation/64894/
- ^ "Push to civic makeover". The Telegraph (Calcutta, India). 13 June 2003. http://www.telegraphindia.com/1030613/asp/jamshedpur/story_2064297.asp.
- ^ http://origin-www.ibnlive.com/news/jamshedpur-on-a-renewal-mission/20820-7.html
- ^ http://www.iloveindia.com/travel/jamshedpur/index.html
- ^ http://weather.gladstonefamily.net/site/42799
- ^ a b http://www.jnnurm.nic.in/nurmudweb/cdp_apprep_pdf/CDP_Appraisals_CEPT/Jamshedpur_CEPT.pdf
- ^ http://maps.google.co.in/maps/place?cid=12560384819293576370&q=Jadugoda+-Mosabani+Range&gl=in&cd=1&cad=src:ppiwlink,view:smartmaps&ei=CRlITr2HGYKkmQWJ3_HEBw&sig2=e7PNqL2mrLOsjcDvKY0zDg&dtab=2
- ^ http://www.aiadaonline.com/profile.php
- ^ http://www.mapsofindia.com/jamshedpur/geography/
- ^ http://asc-india.org/seismi/seis-jharkhand.htm
- ^ "Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Jamshedpur, India". Weatherbase. http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=89724&refer=&units=metric. Retrieved 1 April 2010.
- ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
- ^ http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/1.%20Data%20Highlight.pdf
- ^ http://www.tatasteel.com/UserNewsRoom/usershowcontent.aspx?id=28&type=Awards&REFERER=http://www.tatasteel.com/media/awards-and-recognitions.asp
- ^ http://www.tatasteel.com/UserNewsRoom/usershowcontent.aspx?id=30&type=Awards&REFERER=http://www.tatasteel.com/media/awards-and-recognitions.asp
- ^ http://www.tatamotors.com/our_world/manufacturing.php?ViewID=1
- ^ Singh, Ankush (6 November 2008). "Slowdown squeeze on Tatas - Five-day holiday to halt assembly of commercial vehicles". The Telegraph (Calcutta, India). http://www.telegraphindia.com/1081106/jsp/jharkhand/story_10070363.jsp.
- ^ http://www.steelguru.com/indian_news/TATA_Steel_and_TRIL_inks_JV_for_Jamshedpur_airport/211947.html
- ^ http://profit.ndtv.com/news/show/tatas-seek-government-s-nod-for-jameshedpur-airport-154700?pfrom=home-Business
- ^ http://www.nmlindia.org/aboutnml.html
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External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Jamshedpur |
- Tatanagar - Tatanagar - A City Portal for Jamshedpur
- MyJamshedpur.com - Complete information about Jamshedpur (or Tatanagar) city
- Website of the District Administration
- Fact File on Jamshedpur
- -Satellite Images of Jamshedpur
- Jamshedpur travel guide from Wikitravel
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamshedpur
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
For Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata, see Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata.
| Ratan Tata | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born | (1937-12-28) 28 December 1937 (age 74) Bombay, Bombay Presidency, British India |
| Residence | Colaba, Mumbai, India[1] |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Ethnicity | Parsi |
| Alma mater | Cornell University Harvard University |
| Occupation | Chairman of Tata Group |
| Years active | 1962-present |
| Religion | Zoroastrian |
| Spouse | unmarried |
| Awards | Padma Bhushan (2000) Padma Vibhushan (2008) KBE (2009) |
| Signature | 150px |
Sir Ratan Naval Tata KBE (Gujarati: રતન નવલ ટાટા; born 28 December 1937) is an Indian businessman who became chairman (1991– ) of the Tata Group, a Mumbai-based conglomerate.[2] He is a member of a prominent family of Indian industrialists and philanthropists (see Tata family).
Among many other honours accorded him during his career, Tata received the Padma Bhushan, one of India’s most distinguished civilian awards, in 2000 and Padma Vibhushan in 2008.[3] He has also been ranked as India's most powerful CEO.[4]
Contents |
Early life[link]
Ratan Tata was adopted to famous Tata , a prominent family belonging to the Parsi community. Ratan is the grandson of Tata group founder Jamsedji Tata. His childhood was troubled, with his parents separating in the mid-1940s when he was merely seven and his younger brother Jimmy was five years old. Their mother moved out and both Ratan and his brother were raised by their grandmother Lady Navajbai.[5]
Tata started his schooling at Campion School and finished at Cathedral and John Connon School both in Bombay.[6] Ratan Tata completed his B.S. in architecture with structural engineering from Cornell University in 1962, and the Advanced Management Program from Harvard Business School in 1975.[7] He is a part of the Alpha Sigma Phi fraternity.[8]
Career at Tata Sons[link]
When he returned to India in 1962 after turning down a job with IBM on the advice of JRD, he was sent to Jamshedpur to work on the shop floor at Tata Steel with other blue-collar employees, shovelling limestone and handling the blast furnace.[9] In 1971, he was appointed the Director of National Radio and Electronics (Nelco), which was in dire straits when he came on board: with losses of 40% and barely 2% share of the consumer electronics market. However, just when he turned it around (from 2% to 25% market share), the Emergency was declared. A weak economy and labour issues compounded the problem and Nelco was quickly near collapse again.
For his next assignment, in 1977 he was asked to turn around the sick Empress Mills, which he did. However, he was refused a Rs 50 lakh investment required to make the textile unit competitive. Empress Mills floundered and was finally closed in 1986.
In 1981, JRD Tata stepped down as Tata Industries chairman, naming Ratan as his successor. He was heavily criticized for lacking experience in running a company of the scale of Tata Industries.[9]
In 1991, he was appointed group chairman of the Tata group. As group chairman, he has been responsible for converting "the corporate commonwealth" of different Tata-affiliated companies into a cohesive company. He has been responsible for the acquisition of Tetley, Jaguar Land Rover and Corus, which have turned Tata from a largely India-centric company into a global business, with 65% revenues coming from abroad. He also pushed the development of Indica and the Nano. He is widely credited for the success of the Tata Group of companies, especially after the liberalization of controls after the 1990s.[1]
In August 2007, Ratan Tata lead Tata Group's acquisition of British steel maker Corus. At that time, this was the largest takeover of a foreign company by an Indian company, and resulted in Tata Group becoming the fifth largest steel producer in the world. According to the BBC, however, some analysts criticized the move, saying that Tata Group had overpaid for Corus and had prioritized national pride before its shareholders.[10]
Tata is set to retire in December 2012 to be succeeded by Cyrus Mistry, the 42-year-old son of Pallonji Mistry and managing director of Shapoorji Pallonji Group.[11]
Honours, awards and international recognition[link]
Ratan Tata serves in senior capacities in various organisations in India and he is a member of the Prime Minister's Council on Trade and Industry. Tata is on the board of governors of the East-West Center, the advisory board of RAND's Center for Asia Pacific Policy and serves on the program board of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's India AIDS initiative.[12]
Ratan Tata's foreign affiliations include membership of the international advisory boards of the Mitsubishi Corporation, the American International Group, JP Morgan Chase and Booz Allen Hamilton. He is also a member of the board of trustees of the RAND Corporation, University of Southern California and Cornell University.[13][14] He also serves as a board member on the Republic of South Africa's International Investment Council and is a member of the Asia-Pacific advisory committee for the New York Stock Exchange. In 2010, he joined BMB Group as an advisory board member.
| Year | Name | Awarding organization | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | Hospitality Hall Of Honor Recognizing Taj Hotels. | ||
| 2011 | ABLF Lifetime Achievement Award (India) | Asian Business Leadership Forum Awards | [15] |
| 2010 | Business Leader of the Year | The Asian Awards. | [16] |
| 2010 | Honorary Doctor of Laws | Pepperdine University. | [17] |
| 2010 | Legend in Leadership Award | Yale University. | [18] |
| 2010 | Businessman of the Decade | Federation of Indo-Israel Chambers of Commerce. | [19] |
| 2008 | Honorary Doctor of Science | Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur. | [20] |
| 2008 | Honorary Doctor of Law | University of Cambridge. | [21] |
| 2007 | Honorary Fellow | London School of Economics. | [22] |
| 2007 | Honorary Citizen of Singapore | Singapore government. | |
| 2007 | Carnegie Medal of Philanthropy | Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. | [23] |
| 2005 | Honorary Doctor of Science | University of Warwick. | [24] |
| 2004 | Honorary Degree of Doctor of Technology | Asian Institute of Technology. | [25] |
| 2004 | Honorary Economic Advisor | Hangzhou, China. | [25] |
| 2001 | Honorary Doctor of Business Administration | Ohio State University. | [26] |
- FIRST Award for Responsible Capitalism.[27]
- 26th Robert S. Hatfield Fellow in Economic Education, awarded by Cornell University[28]
- Recipient of the 'Global Indian Award' at the NASSCOM Global Leadership Awards 2008[29]
References[link]
- ^ a b "Amazing story of how Ratan Tata built an empire". http://business.rediff.com/slide-show/2010/oct/20/slide-show-1-amazing-story-of-how-ratan-tata-built-an-empire.htm.
- ^ "Tata Group Website". http://www.tata.com/company/profile.aspx?sectid=DpOT+Lbrdvg=.
- ^ "LN Mittal, Ratan Tata, Narayana Murthy get Padma Vibhushan". http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2008-01-26/news/27713021_1_padma-vibhushan-padma-awards-second-highest-civilian-award. Retrieved 26 January 2008.
- ^ "Ratan Tata India's most powerful CEO, Mistry debuts at No. 15". http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/Ratan-Tata-Indias-most-powerful-CEO-Mistry-debuts-at-No-15/articleshow/13470578.cms. Retrieved 25 May 2012.
- ^ "Ratan Tata rode the tiger economy and now he drives Jaguar". The Daily Telegraph. 30 Match 2008. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/3556736/Ratan-Tata-rode-the-tiger-economy-and-now-he-drives-Jaguar.html. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
- ^ "Ratan Tata goes back to school". Times of India. 31 March 2009. http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-03-31/india/28031551_1_ratan-tata-nie-tata-group. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
- ^ Sharma, Subramaniam (2006-10-18). "India's Tata Takes Leap With $7.6 Billion Corus Bid (Update1)". Bloomberg. http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=aQkYaQuODjtU&refer=home. Retrieved 2009-09-12.
- ^ Wikipedia: Alpha Sigma Phi
- ^ a b Chidanand Rajghatta, TNN, Dec 30, 2007, 04.26am IST (2007-12-30). "Times of India Article: Man of the Year? Its Ratan Tata". Timesofindia.indiatimes.com. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Man_of_the_year_Its_Ratan_Tata/articleshow/2661653.cms. Retrieved 2011-02-23.
- ^ Vaswani, Karishma (16 August 2007). "Indian firms move to world stage". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/6944461.stm. Retrieved 24 August 2011.
- ^ "Cyrus P Mistry to succeed Ratan Tata". http://www.timesnow.tv/videoshow/4389699.cms. Retrieved 23 November 2011.
- ^ "Chairman Profile, Interviews and Press Articles". Tata Group Website. http://indica.co.za/0_about_us/management/chairmans_chamber/media_articles_interviews.htm.
- ^ Board of Trustees, University of Southern California, Accessed April 13, 2008.
- ^ Ratan Tata Joins USC Board of Trustees, USC News, August 30, 2005.
- ^ "ABLF Awards". Asian Business Leadership Forum Awards. http://www.ablfawards.com/. Retrieved 1 March 2012.
- ^ "Winners of the Asian Awards 2010". Times of India. October 2010. http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-10-27/top-stories/28220308_1_asian-awards-lifetime-achievement-award-sunil-mittal.
- ^ "Pepperdine Confers Honorary Doctor of Laws Degree on Ratan N. Tata". Pepperdine University. September 2010. http://www.pepperdine.edu/pr/releases/2010/september/pepperdine-confers-honorary-degree.htm.
- ^ "Yale Chief Executive Leadership Institute to Honor Tata Sons Chairman Ratan Tata with "Legend in Leadership Award"". Yale University. September 2010. http://celi.som.yale.edu/news-events/in-the-news/10/10/271.
- ^ "Ratan Tata selected 'Businessman of the decade'". The Hindu. September 2010. http://www.thehindu.com/business/article559242.ece.
- ^ "IIT Kharagpur confers doctorate on Ratan Tata". Economic Times. March 2008. http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2008-03-19/news/28415749_1_doctorate-iit-kharagpur-honorary-degree.
- ^ "University of Cambridge confers doctorate on Ratan Tata". University of Cambridge. March 2008. http://www.cam.ac.uk/research/about/awards-announcements-and-prizes/honorary-degrees/.
- ^ "London School of Economics confers Honorary Fellowship on Ratan Tata". London School of Economics. March 2007. http://www2.lse.ac.uk/newsAndMedia/news/archives/2007/RatanTataHonoraryFellow.aspx.
- ^ "Carnegie Medal for Philanthropy on Ratan Tata". Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. March 2007. http://www.carnegiemedals.org/pastbios/2007medalist.html.
- ^ "University of Warwick confers Honorary Doctor of Science on Ratan Tata". London School of Economics. March 2005. http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/newsandevents/pressreleases/ne1000000109101/.
- ^ a b "Asian Institute of Technology confers doctorate on Ratan Tata". Asian Institute of Technology. March 2008. http://www.asdu.ait.ac.th/NewsAndEvents/newsletterData/HTMLFormat/iss3no7/cover.htm.
- ^ "Ohio State University confers doctorate of business administration on Ratan Tata". Ohio University. March 2004. http://www.osu.edu/universityawards/dsa/honorary.html.
- ^ "The FIRST International Award for Responsible Capitalism". http://www.firstmagazine.com/Awards/Year.aspx?Year=2006.
- ^ "26th Robert S. Hatfield Fellow in Economic Education - Announcement". http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/March06/Tata.Hatfield.prewrite.html.
- ^ "Nasscom gobal leadership awards announced". Business Standard. 12 February 2008. http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/nasscom-gobal-leadership-awards-announced/313473/. Retrieved 1 March 2012.
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Ratan Naval Tata |
- Ratan Naval Tata's chairman profile at Tata Group
- Profile at The Guardian
- Ratan Tata collected news and commentary at The Wall Street Journal
- Ratan Naval Tata collected news and commentary at The Bloomberg Businessweek
- Ratan Naval Tata collected news and commentary at The Times of India
- Ratan Tata at the Notable Names Database
- "Ratan Tata '59: The Cornell Story" YouTube video
|
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Tata, Ratan Naval |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | December 28, 1937 |
| Place of birth | Bombay, Bombay Presidency, British India |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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| Personal information | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full name | Sourav Chandidas Ganguly | |||
| Born | (1972-07-08) 8 July 1972 (age 39) Behala, Calcutta, West Bengal, India |
|||
| Nickname | The Prince of Calcutta, The Maharaja, Dada, The Warrior Prince | |||
| Height | 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) | |||
| Batting style | Left-handed | |||
| Bowling style | Right arm medium | |||
| Role | Batsman | |||
| Relations | Snehasish Ganguly (brother), Dona Ganguly (Wife) | |||
| International information | ||||
| National side | India | |||
| Test debut (cap 207) | 20 June 1996 v England | |||
| Last Test | 6 November 2008 v Australia | |||
| ODI debut (cap 84) | 11 January 1992 v West Indies | |||
| Last ODI | 15 November 2007 v Pakistan | |||
| Domestic team information | ||||
| Years | Team | |||
| 1990–2010 | Bengal | |||
| 2000 | Lancashire | |||
| 2005 | Glamorgan | |||
| 2006 | Northamptonshire | |||
| 2008–10 | Kolkata Knight Riders | |||
| 2011-present | Pune Warriors India | |||
| Career statistics | ||||
| Competition | Test | ODI | FC | LA |
| Matches | 113 | 311 | 254 | 437 |
| Runs scored | 7,212 | 11,363 | 15,687 | 15,622 |
| Batting average | 42.17 | 41.02 | 44.18 | 41.32 |
| 100s/50s | 16/35 | 22/72 | 33/89 | 31/97 |
| Top score | 239 | 183 | 239 | 183 |
| Balls bowled | 3,117 | 4,561 | 11,108 | 8,199 |
| Wickets | 32 | 100 | 167 | 171 |
| Bowling average | 52.53 | 38.49 | 36.52 | 38.86 |
| 5 wickets in innings | 0 | 2 | 4 | 2 |
| 10 wickets in match | 0 | n/a | 0 | n/a |
| Best bowling | 3/28 | 5/16 | 6/46 | 5/16 |
| Catches/stumpings | 71/– | 100/– | 168/– | 131/–
column2 = 20-20 |
| Source: CricketInfo, 28 February 2009 | ||||
Sourav Chandidas Ganguly ( pronunciation (help·info); born 8 July 1972) is a former Indian cricketer, and captain of the Indian national team. Born into an affluent family, Ganguly was introduced into the world of cricket by his elder brother Snehasish. He is regarded as one of India's most successful captains in modern times.[1] He started his career by playing in state and school teams. Currently, he is the 5th highest run scorer in One Day Internationals (ODIs) and was the 3rd person in history to cross the 10,000 run landmark, after Sachin Tendulkar and Inzamam Ul Haq. Wisden ranked him the sixth greatest one day international batsman of all time, next to Viv Richards, Sachin Tendulkar, Brian Lara, Dean Jones and Michael Bevan.[2]
After a series of playing in different Indian domestic tournaments such as the Ranji and Duleep trophies, Ganguly got his big-break while playing for India on their tour of England. He scored 131 runs and cemented his place in the Indian team. Ganguly's place in the team was assured after successful performances in series against Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Australia, winning the Man of the Match awards. In the 1999 Cricket World Cup, he was involved in a partnership of 318 runs with Rahul Dravid, which remains the highest overall partnership score in the World Cup tournament history.
Due to the match-fixing scandals in 2000 by other players of the team, and for his poor health, Indian captain Sachin Tendulkar resigned his position, and Ganguly was made the captain of the Indian cricket team. He was soon the subject of media criticism after an unsuccessful stint for county side Durham and for taking off his shirt in the final of the 2002 Natwest Trophy. He led India into the 2003 World Cup final, where they were defeated by Australia. Due to a decrease in individual performance, he was dropped from the team in the following year. Ganguly was awarded the Padma Shri in 2004, one of India's highest civilian awards. He returned to the National team in 2006, and made successful batting displays. Around this time, he became involved in a dispute with Indian team coach Greg Chappell over several misunderstandings. Ganguly was again dropped from the team, however he was selected to play in the 2007 Cricket World Cup.
Ganguly joined the Kolkata Knight Riders team as captain for the Indian Premier League Twenty20 cricket tournament in 2008. The same year, after a home Test series against Australia, he announced his retirement from international cricket. He continued to play for the Bengal team and was appointed the chairman of the Cricket Association of Bengal's Cricket Development Committee. The left-handed Ganguly was a prolific One Day International (ODI) batsman, with over 11,000 ODI runs to his credit. He is one of the most successful Indian Test captains to date, winning 21 out of 49 test matches. An aggressive captain, Ganguly is credited with having nurtured the careers of many young players who played under him, and transforming the Indian team into an aggressive fighting unit.
Contents
|
Biography[link]
1972–89: Early life and introduction to cricket[link]
Sourav Ganguly was born on 8 July 1972 in Calcutta, and is the youngest son of Chandidas and Nirupa Ganguly.[3][4] Chandidas ran a flourishing print business and was one of the richest men in the city.[5] Ganguly had a luxurious childhood and was nicknamed the 'Maharaja', meaning the 'Great King'. Since the favourite sport for the people of Calcutta was the game of football, Ganguly was initially attracted to the game. However, academics came in-between his love for sports and Nirupa was not very supportive of Ganguly taking up cricket or any other sport as a career.[6][7] By then, his elder brother Snehasish was already an established cricketer for the Bengal cricket team. He supported Ganguly's dream to be a cricketer and asked their father to get Ganguly enrolled in a cricket coaching camp during his summer holidays. Ganguly was studying in tenth grade at that time.[8]
Despite being right-handed, Ganguly learnt to bat left-handed so he could use his brother's sporting equipment.[6] After he showed some promise as a batsman, he was enrolled in a cricket academy. An indoor multi-gym and concrete wicket was built at their home, so he and Snehasish could practice the game. They used to watch a number of old cricket match videos, especially the games played by David Gower, whom Ganguly admired.[5] After he scored a century against the Orissa Under–15 side, he was made captain of St Xavier's School's cricket team, where several of his teammates complained against what they perceived to be his arrogance.[6][9] While touring with a junior team, Ganguly refused his turn as the twelfth man, as he reportedly felt that the duties involved, which included organising equipment and drinks for the players, and delivering messages, were beneath his social status.[10] Ganguly purportedly refused to do such tasks as he considered it beneath his social status to assist his teammates in such a way.[11] However, his playmanship gave him a chance to make his first-class cricket debut for Bengal in 1989, the same year that his brother was dropped from the team.[6][12]
1990–96: Career beginning and debut success[link]
Following a prolific Ranji season in 1990–91,[13] Ganguly scored three runs in his One Day International (ODI) debut for India against the West Indies in 1992.[3][14] He was dropped immediately since he was perceived to be "arrogant" and his attitude towards the game was openly questioned. It was rumored that Ganguly refused to carry drinks for his teammates, commenting that it was not his job to do so, later denied by him. Consequently, he was removed from the team.[6][11] He toiled away in domestic cricket, scoring heavily in the 1993–94 and 1994–95 Ranji seasons.[15][16] Following an innings of 171 in the 1995–96 Duleep Trophy, he was recalled to the National team for a tour of England in 1996, in the middle of intense media scrutiny.[17] He played in a single ODI,[18] but was omitted from the team for the first Test. However, after teammate Navjot Singh Sidhu left the touring, citing ill-treatment by then captain Mohammad Azharuddin,[19][20] Ganguly made his Test debut against England in the Second Test of a three-match series at Lord's Cricket Ground alongside Rahul Dravid.[21] England had won the First Test of the three-match series; however, Ganguly scored a century, becoming only the third cricketer to achieve such a feat on debut at Lord's, after Harry Graham and John Hampshire. Andrew Strauss and Matt Prior have since accomplished this feat, but Ganguly's 131 still remains the highest by any batsman on his debut at the ground.[20] India was not required to bat in the second innings due to the match ending in a draw.[22] In the next Test match at Trent Bridge he made 136, thus becoming only the third batsman to make a century in each of his first two innings (after Lawrence Rowe and Alvin Kallicharran). He shared a 255 run stand with Sachin Tendulkar, which became at that time the highest partnership for India against any country for any wicket outside India. The Test again ended in a draw, handing England a 1–0 series victory; Ganguly scored 48 in the second innings.[23][24]
1997–99: Marriage, Opening in ODIs and World Cup '99[link]
Weeks after his successful tour of England, Ganguly eloped with childhood sweetheart Dona Roy. The bride and groom's family were sworn enemies at that point and this news caused an uproar between them. However, both families reconciled and a formal wedding was held in February 1997.[6][25] Same year, Ganguly scored his maiden ODI century by hitting 113, opposed to Sri Lanka's team total of 238. Later that year, he won four consecutive man of the match awards, in the Sahara Cup with Pakistan; the second of these was won after he took five wickets for 16 runs off 10 overs, his best bowling in an ODI. After a barren run in Test cricket his form returned at the end of the year with three centuries in four Tests all against Sri Lanka two of these involved stands with Sachin Tendulkar of over 250.[3]
During the final of the Independence Cup at Dhaka in January 1998, India successfully chased down 315 off 48 overs, and Ganguly won the Man of the Match award.[26] In March 1998 he was part of the Indian team that defeated Australia; in Kolkata, he took three wickets having opened the bowling with his medium pace.[27]
Ganguly was part of the Indian team that competed in the 1999 Cricket World Cup in England. During the match against Sri Lanka at Taunton, India chose to bat. After Sadagoppan Ramesh was bowled, Ganguly scored 183 from 158 balls, and hit 17 fours and seven sixes. It became the second highest score in World Cup history and the highest by an Indian in the tournament. His partnership of 318 with Rahul Dravid is the highest overall score in a World Cup and is the second highest in all ODI cricket.[28][29] In 1999–00, India lost Test series to both Australia and South Africa that involved a combined total of five Tests.[30][31] Ganguly struggled scoring 224 runs at 22.40; however his ODI form was impressive, with five centuries over the season taking him to the top of the PwC One Day Ratings for batsmen.[32] Around the same time, allegations came that Ganguly was romantically involved with South Indian actress Nagma, something he denied.[33]
2000–05: Ascension to captaincy and accolades[link]
In 2000, after the match fixing scandal by some of the players of the team,[34] Ganguly was named the Captain of the Indian cricket team. The decision was spurred due to Tendulkar stepping down from the position for his health, and Ganguly being the vice-captain at that time.[6] He began well as a captain, leading India to a series win over South Africa in the five-match one day series and led the Indian team to the finals of the 2000 ICC KnockOut Trophy.[6] He scored two centuries, including one in the final; however, New Zealand still won by four wickets.[35] The same year, Ganguly tried his hand at county cricket career in England but was not successful.[36] In "The Wisden Cricketer", reviewers Steve Pittard and John Stern called him as "The imperious Indian—dubbed 'Lord Snooty'". They commented:
"At the crease it was sometimes uncertain whether his partner was a batsman or a batman being dispatched to take his discarded sweater to the pavilion or carry his kit bag. But mutiny was afoot among the lower orders. In one match Ganguly, after reaching his fifty, raised his bat to the home balcony, only to find it deserted. He did not inspire at Glamorgan or Northamptonshire either. At the latter in 2006 he averaged 4.80 from his four first-class appearances."[37]
His Lancashire teammate Andrew Flintoff thought him to be aloof and compared his attitude to that of Prince Charles.[9] In Australia's three Test and five match ODI tour of India in early 2001, Ganguly caused controversy by arriving late for the toss on four occasions, something that agitated opposing captain Steve Waugh.[38] In the Fourth ODI, he caused further controversy by failing to wear his playing attire to the toss, something considered unusual in cricket circles.[39] However, India won the Test series 2–1, ending Australia's run of 16 consecutive Test match victories in the Second Test.[40] The match saw India looking set for defeat after conceding a first innings lead of 274. Waugh chose to enforce the follow-on and V. V. S. Laxman (281) and Rahul Dravid (180) batted for the entire fourth day's play to set Australia a target of 384 on a dusty, spinning wicket. The Australians were unable to survive and became only the third team to lose a Test after enforcing the follow-on.[41][42][43] In November 2001, Ganguly's wife Dona gave birth to their daughter Sana Ganguly.[6] At the Border-Gavaskar Trophy of 2001, During the final match of the 2002 Natwest Trophy held in Lords after a stunning performance by team mates Yuvraj Singh and Mohammad Kaif, Ganguly took off his shirt in public and brandished it in the air to celebrate India's winning of the match.[44] He was later strongly condemned for tarnishing the "gentleman's game" image of cricket and disrespecting Lords protocol. Ganguly said that he was only mimicking an act performed by the British all-rounder Andrew Flintoff during a tour of India.[45] In 2003, India reached the World Cup Final for the first time since 1983, where they lost to the Australians.[46] Ganguly had a successful tournament personally, scoring 465 runs at an average of 58.12, including three centuries.[47]
By 2004, he had achieved significant success as captain and was deemed as India's most successful cricket captain by sections of the media. However, his individual performance deteriorated during his captaincy reign, especially after the World Cup, the tour of Australia in 2003 and the Pakistan series in 2004.[48][49] In 2004, Australia won a Test series in India for the first time since 1969. It was speculated that Ganguly was in disagreement with the head of cricket in Nagpur over the type of pitch to be used for the Third Test. The groundsmen went against Ganguly, leaving a large amount of grass on the pitch. Some experts indicated that the reason for this was for "spite or revenge" against the Indian captain. When Australia's stand-in-captain, Adam Gilchrist, went to the toss, he noticed Rahul Dravid was waiting instead of Ganguly, leaving him to ask Dravid where Ganguly was. Dravid could not give a definitive answer, saying: "Oh, who knows?"[38][50]
Following indifferent form in 2004 and poor form in 2005, he was dropped from the team in October 2005.[51] Having been nominated and rejected in 2000, when the game suffered a tarnished reputation due to match fixing scadals,[34] the captaincy was passed to Dravid, his former deputy. Ganguly decided against retiring and attempted to make a comeback to the team.[11] Ganguly was awarded the Padma Shri in 2004, one of India's highest awards. He was presented with the award on June 30, 2004, by then President of India, Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.[52][53]
2006–07: Comeback and rift with Greg Chappell[link]
Main article: Chappell Ganguly controversy
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In September 2005, Greg Chappell became the coach for the India tour of Zimbabwe. Ganguly's dispute with him resulted in many headlines. Chappell had emailed the Board of Control for Cricket in India, stating that Ganguly was "physically and mentally" unfit to lead India and that his "divide and rule" behaviour was damaging the team.[11] This email was leaked to the media and resulted in huge backlash from Ganguly's fans. Ganguly had enlisted the support from the Indian media and eventually the board had to intervene and order a truce between the pair.[11] BCCI president Ranbir Singh Mahendra issued a statement that,
"In view of the decision that cricket is to go forward, both the coach and the captain have been asked to work out a mutual and professional working relationship. For this, performance will be the criteria, applicable to captain, coach and players. [...] Of course the captain controls the game, the coach does his own job. Mutual trust is important. Henceforth no player/captain/coach will write or have any interaction with the media. Going to the media will lead to disciplinary action."[54]
Ganguly, Chappell and the Indian team manager for the Zimbabwe tour, Amitabh Choudhary, were asked to appear before the BCCI committee, where it was reported that assurance of working together was given by them.[54] Consequently, due to his poor form and differences with the coach, Ganguly was dropped as the captain of the team, with Dravid taking his place.[55] Chandresh Narayan, chief correspondent for The Times of India, commented that "The row with Greg Chappell just added to the mystery, but he was going through a really bad patch then, his only score [of note] was a hundred against Zimbabwe and that didn't count for much."[11] Ten months later, during India's tour to South Africa, Ganguly was recalled after his middle order replacements Suresh Raina and Mohammad Kaif suffered poor form.[56]
Following India's poor batting display in the 2006 ICC Champions Trophy[57] and the ODI series in South Africa, in which they were whitewashed 4-0,[58] Ganguly made his comeback to the Test team.[59] Wasim Jaffer, Zaheer Khan and Anil Kumble had earlier been selected for the one-day squad, despite their recent poor performances.[60] Many saw this as an indictment of coach Greg Chappell's youth-first policy.[61] Coming in at 37/4, Ganguly scored 83 in a tour match against the rest of South Africa, modifying his original batting style and taking a middle-stump guard,[62] resulting in India winning the match.[63] During his first Test innings since his comeback, against South Africa in Johannesburg his score of 51 helped India to victory, marking the first Test match win for the team in South Africa.[64][65] Though India lost the series, Ganguly accumulated the most runs on the scoring chart.[66] After his successful Test comeback he was recalled for the ODI team, as India played host to West Indies[67] and Sri Lanka[68] in back to back ODI tournaments. In his first ODI innings in almost two years,[69] he scored a matchwinning 98.[70] He performed well in both series, averaging almost 70[69] and won the Man of the Series Award against Sri Lanka.[71]
Ganguly was alloted a place in the official team for the 2007 Cricket World Cup.[72] He was the leading scorer for India in their first round defeat against Bangladesh.[73] After India were knocked out of the tournament in the group stage, there were reports of a rift between certain members of the Indian team and Chappell. Ganguly was alleged to have ignored instructions from the team management to score quickly.[74] After Tendulkar issued a statement saying that what hurt the team most was that "the coach has questioned our attitude", Chappell decided not to renew his contract with the Indian team and left his post as coach, citing "family and personal reasons".[75] On 12 December 2007, Ganguly scored his maiden double century of his career while playing against Pakistan. He scored 239 runs in the first innings of the third and final Test match of the series. He was involved in a 300 run partnership for the fifth wicket with Yuvraj Singh.[76] Ganguly remained prolific in both Test and ODI cricket in the year 2007. He scored 1106 Test runs at an average of 61.44 (with three centuries and four fifties) in 2007 to become the second highest run-scorer in Test matches of that year after Jacques Kallis.[77] He was also the fifth highest run-scorer in 2007 in ODIs, where he scored 1240 runs at an average of 44.28.[78]
2008–present: International retirement and the Indian Premier League[link]
In February 2008, Ganguly joined as the captain of Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR) team, owned by Bollywood actor Shahrukh Khan, as part of the Indian Premier League (IPL).[79] On 18 April 2008, Ganguly led the KKR, in the IPL Twenty20 cricket match. They had a 140 run victory over Bangalore Royal Challengers captained by Rahul Dravid and owned by Vijay Mallya. Ganguly opened the innings with Brendan McCullum and scored 10 runs while McCullum remained unbeaten, scoring 158 runs in 73 balls.[80] On 1 May, in a game between the Knight Riders and the Rajasthan Royals, Ganguly made his second T20 half century, scoring 51 runs off of 39 balls at a strike rate of 130.76. In his innings, Ganguly hit four 4s and two sixes, topping the scorers list for the Knight Riders.[81]
On 7 July 2008, media reported that Ganguly was being projected as a candidate for the post of President of the Cricket Association of Bengal (CAB) against his former mentor Jagmohan Dalmiya. Reports also suggested that he could run for the post of BCCI President in 2014 as East Zone's representative. Ganguly himself did not deny the reports and did not rule out any such move.[82][83] The same year in October, Ganguly announced that the Test series against Australia starting in October 2008 would be his last and stated "[t]o be honest, I didn't expect to be picked for this series. Before coming here, [at the conference] I spoke to my team-mates and hopefully I will go out with a winning knock."[84] Ganguly played in every game of the four-Test series and amassed 324 runs at an average of 54.00.[85][86] While playing the second Test match of the series in Mohali, Ganguly scored his final test century. In the Fourth and final Test, with India needing one wicket to secure a victory, the Indian captain, Mahendra Singh Dhoni, invited Ganguly to lead the side in the field for the final time. India regained the Border-Gavaskar Trophy, winning the series 2–0.[87][88]
In May 2009, Ganguly was removed from the captaincy of the KKR for the 2009 season of the IPL, and was replaced by McCullum. The decision was questioned by media and other players of the team, when KKR finished at the bottom of the ranking table with three wins and ten losses.[89] After that, television channel Zee Bangla appointed him as the host of the reality quiz show titled Dadagiri Unlimited. It presented participants from the 19 districts of West Bengal, who had to answer questions posed by Ganguly.[90] By August, he was appointed the chairman of CAB's Cricket Development Committee. The job of the committee is to receive a report from the selectors at the end of every cricket season, assess the accountability of the selectors and make necessary recommendations.[91] He played for the Ranji cup in the Bengal team in October 2009.[92] Ganguly scored 110 in the match against Delhi and was involved in a partnership of 222 runs with Wriddhiman Saha.[93]
In the third season of the IPL, Ganguly was once again given the captaincy of KKR, after the team ended at the bottom in the second season. The coach John Buchanan was replaced by Dav Whatmore.[94] In 40 matches and 38 innings for KKR Ganguly scored 1,031 runs and took eight wickets.[95][96] In the fourth season of the IPL he was signed by the Pune Warriors India, after being unsold in initial bidding process and he made 50 runs of four matches and three innings.[97][98] In the 2012 season he has been appointed as the Captain cum mentor for Pune Warriors India.
Playing style and influences[link]
Ganguly commented that David Gower was the first cricketer to attract him to the game. He loved Gower's style and used to watch old videos of him playing.[99] Other cricketers who had an influence on him are: David Boon, Mohinder Amarnath, Kapil Dev and Allan Border.[100] Ganguly is a left-handed batsman whose runs came primarily from the off-side. Debashish Dutta, author of Sourav Ganguly, the maharaja of cricket, commented that throughout his career, "Ganguly played off-side shots such as the square cut, square drive and cover drive with complete command."[101] Rahul Dravid has called Ganguly "...next to God on the off-side." He used to hit powerful shots to the off-side on front and back foot with equal ease. However, early in his career he was not comfortable with the hook and pull, often giving his wicket away with mistiming such shots. He was also criticized for having difficulty in handling short bouncers, notoriously exploited by the Australians and South Africans.[102] However, after his comeback in 2007, he worked upon these weaknesses to a large extent.[103]
Amrita Daityari, author of Sourav Ganguly: the fire within, noted that in ODIs, where Ganguly usually opened the innings, he used to try to take the advantage of fielding restrictions by advancing down the pitch and hitting pace bowlers over extra cover and mid-off. She commented: "Ganguly was notorious for attacking left-arm spin bowlers. Due to excellent eye–hand coordination, he was noted for picking the length of the ball early, coming down the pitch and hitting the ball aerially over mid-on or midwicket, often for a six. However, he did have a weakness in running between the wickets and judging quick singles."[104] There were many instances where Ganguly's batting partner was run out due to Ganguly's calling for a run, and then sending him back while halfway down the pitch. A situation like this happened in an ODI against Australia where he took a single when on 99, but he coasted and did not ground his bat. Although the bat was past the crease, it was in the air and he was consequently run out. Ganguly said, "I love to watch myself hit a cover drive, to watch myself hit a hundred."[105] Ganguly's relationship with former Indian coach John Wright has been well documented in contemporary media, with them denoting the relationship as a "symbiotic process". They credited Wright and Ganguly with bringing out international class performers, through academic, coaching and scientific fitness regimens.[106] According to Dubey, Ganguly and Wright, along with other members of the team like Tendulkar and Dravid, were the first to understand the importance of a foreign coach for the Indian cricket team and was convinced that the domestic coach has outlived its utility. Ganguly's aggressive style and Wright's importance on fitness ushered in the development of a better cricket team for India.[106]
Ganguly is a right-arm medium pace bowler. He can swing and seam the ball both ways and often chips in with useful wickets to break partnerships.[3] Vinod Tiwari, author of the biography Sourav Ganguly praised him saying "[d]espite not being very athletic as a fielder, Ganguly has taken 100 catches in one-day Internationals. That's something to be proud of!" However he criticized Ganguly's ground fielding, especially his slowness in intercepting the ball to prevent runs and his tendency to get injured during catching the ball.[107]
Legacy[link]
Author Pradeep Mandhani commented that in his tenure between 2000 and 2005, Ganguly became India's most successful Test captain. He led his team to victory on 21 occasions — seven times more than Mohammad Azharuddin with the second most wins—and led them for a record 49 matches—twice more than both Azharuddin and Sunil Gavaskar.[108][109] Compared to his batting average of 45.47 when not captain,[110] Ganguly's Test batting average as captain was a lower 37.66.[111]
Statistics about Ganguly show that he was the seventh Indian cricketer to have played 100 Test matches,[112] the 4th highest overall run scorer for India in Tests,[113] and the fourth Indian to have played in more than 300 ODIs.[114] In terms of overall runs scored in ODIs, Ganguly is the second among Indians after Sachin Tendulkar (who has the most ODI runs) and the fifth overall.[115] He has scored 16 centuries in Test matches and 22 in ODIs. He is also one of only eight batsmen to score more than 10,000 runs in ODIs.[116] Along with Tendulkar, Ganguly has formed the most successful opening pair in One Day Cricket, having amassed the highest number of century partnerships (26) for the first wicket. Together, they have scored more than 7000 runs at an average of 48.98, and hold the world record for creating most number of 50-run partnership in the first wicket (44 fifties).[117] Ganguly became the fourth player to cross 11,000 ODI runs, and was the fastest player to do so in ODI cricket, after Tendulkar.[118] As of 2006, he is the only Indian captain to win a Test series in Pakistan (although two of the three Tests of that series was led by Rahul Dravid). He is also one of the three players in the world to achieve amazing treble of 10,000 runs, 100 wickets and 100 catches in ODI cricket history, the others being Tendulkar and Sanath Jayasuriya.[119]
Author Mihir Bose, in his book, The magic of Indian cricket: cricket and society in India. commented that "The cricket world had gotten too used to the stereotype of the meek Indian cricketer. All that has changed under Ganguly, perhaps for the better."[120] He credits Ganguly for not being shy of taking on responsibility. "He showed that he can be a leader of a team, which has greats like Sachin and Dravid in the side, without any problems. Under Ganguly's leadership, India started winning matches and tournaments, previously lacking from the team considerably."[120] Within a few years of his captaincy, Ganguly rewrote the rules of being a captain of a cricket team. Unlike some of his predecessors, Ganguly was considered impartial, non-parochial, and forever pushed his players to perform better. Off the field, his interactions with the media, his fans, and detractors were uncompromisingly honest and earned him the respect of cricket followers everywhere. However, along with this respect came the criticisms. Ganguly was condemned as a hot-tempered man who refused to listen to other's opinions and abided by his own rules and regulations.[120] Matthew Engel, ICC sport critic, noted that this "turning deaf" to other's opinions would one day harm Ganguly and that it was sheer luck that he existed on the sporting world.[121]
Ganguly believed that his legacy as a captain was that he was able to build a proper Indian team. He added,
"[We] were able to change the face of Indian cricket. That's what I'm proud of, because I think we made a huge difference. People used to think that we would simply roll over when playing out of India, but we changed the image. [...] [The team wouldn't take any crap from any opposition] Absolutely, and that came from self-belief that, that we had the ability to do well outside India."[122]
Bose commented that Ganguly's greatest legacy lay in his influence on the younger and budding generation of cricketers. Ganguly felt that every young player should play two years of domestic cricket before being selected for international assignments. He also said that every newcomer should be given at least five games to prove himself.[123][124] Later he explained that being at the receiving end of an unfair decision against him, that threatened to ruin his international cricket career, it enabled him to understand the insecurities of other newcomers in the team better than his predecessors. Ganguly had always backed the influence and contribution of younger players of the team.[125]
Despite his contributions, his captaincy and coaching methods came under immense scrutiny from the press as well as other scholars. Engel commented that "He seems like aloof to the problems that his mal-decisions are creating. I don't particularly believe that Ganguly has an 'effing knowledge how to lead his team and tries to counter-pose it with instigating limitless, confrontational behaviours within the younger members of it. [One day] the time will come when such shock tactics will cease to work."[126] An article on Cricinfo Magazine pointed out his reckless behaviour. The reporter Rahul Bhattacharya said, "Generally Ganguly fostered angry or reckless young men. To him 'good behaviour', a broad term espoused by the present team management, belonged in school and probably not even there. He himself had been summoned to the match referee no less than 12 times in the last decade. His approach was bound to precipitate what could possibly be termed a cultural conflict in the world of modern sport. For Ganguly, like for Arjuna Ranatunga, competitiveness involved brinksmanship rather than training. As far as they were concerned Australia were not to be aspired to. They were simply to be toppled. England were not to be appeased. Victory lay precisely in their disapproval. In other words, Ganguly and Ranatunga wanted to do things their way."[127]
Captaincy Record[link]
| Captaincy Record in Test Matches | ||||||
| Venue | Span | Matches | Won | Lost | Tied | Draw |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| At Home Venues | 2000-2005 | 21 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 8 [128] |
| At Away Venues | 2000-2005 | 28 | 11 | 10 | 0 | 7 [129] |
| TOTAL | 2000-2005 | 49 | 21 | 13 | 0 | 15[130] |
| Captaincy Record in One Day Internationals | ||||||
| Venue | Span | Matches | Won | Lost | Tied | N/R |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| In India (At Home Venues) | 2000-2005 | 36 | 18 | 18 | 0 | 0 [131] |
| At Away Venues | 2000-2005 | 51 | 24 | 24 | 0 | 3 [132] |
| At Neutral Venues | 1999-2005 | 59 | 34 | 23 | 0 | 2 [133] |
| TOTAL | 1999-2005 | 146 | 76 | 65 | 0 | 5 [134] |
See also[link]
Notes[link]
- ^ "Sourav Ganguly | Sourav Ganguly Photos | Sourav Ganguly Profile - Yahoo! Cricket". Cricket.yahoo.com. http://cricket.yahoo.com/player-profile/sourav-ganguly_1186. Retrieved 2011-06-30.
- ^ "Tendulkar second-best ever: Wisden". Rediff.com. http://www.rediff.com/cricket/2002/dec/13wisden.htm. Retrieved 2008-11-27.
- ^ a b c d "Cricinfo - Players and Officials - Sourav Ganguly". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/india/content/player/28779.html. Retrieved 2008-05-19.
- ^ Datta 2007, p. 21
- ^ a b Tiwari 2005, p. 16
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Biography of Sourav Ganguly". Official website of Sourav Ganguly (Souravganguly.net). http://www.souravganguly.net/biography.htm. Retrieved 2008-05-19.
- ^ Datta 2007, pp. 22–23
- ^ Daityari 2003, p. 3
- ^ a b Coupar, Paul (27 November 2005). "The Awkward XI". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/wisdencricketer/content/story/221919.html. Retrieved 2008-05-22.
- ^ Daityari 2003, p. 15
- ^ a b c d e f Lilywhite, Jamie (16 July 2007). "Ganguly back in the limelight". BBC (BBC Online). http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/other_international/india/6250454.stm. Retrieved 2010-01-14.
- ^ Dubey 2006, p. 205
- ^ "Ranji Trophy Statistics: 1990-91". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://static.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1990-91/IND_LOCAL/RANJI/STATS/IND_LOCAL_RJI_AVS_BENG.html. Retrieved 2008-05-22.
- ^ "9th Match: India v West Indies at Brisbane, January 11, 1992". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/india/engine/match/65487.html. Retrieved 2008-05-22.
- ^ "Batting - Most Runs - Ranji Trophy". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://static.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1993-94/IND_LOCAL/RANJI/STATS/IND_LOCAL_RJI_AVS_BAT_MOST_RUNS.html. Retrieved 2008-05-23.
- ^ "Highest Batting Averages In Ranji Trophy". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://static.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1994-95/IND_LOCAL/RANJI/STATS/IND_LOCAL_RJI_AVS_BAT_HIGHEST_AVS.html. Retrieved 2008-05-23.
- ^ Bose 2006, p. 201
- ^ "Cricinfo - 3rd ODI: England v India at Manchester, May 26–27, 1996". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/65019.html. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ Moody, Nekesa Mumby (18 June 1996). "India start as Underdogs". Daily Mail (Associated Newspapers). http://static.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1996/IND_IN_ENG/ARTICLES/IND_UNDERDOGS_06JUN1996. Retrieved 2008-05-23.
- ^ a b Bose 2006, p. 258
- ^ "2nd Test: England v India at Lord's, June 20–24, 1996". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). 24 June 1996. http://www.cricinfo.com/india/engine/match/63714.html. Retrieved 2008-05-23.
- ^ "Statsguru - List of test centuries on debut at Lord's". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=1;debut_or_last=1;filter=advanced;ground=10;orderby=high_score;runsmin1=100;runsval1=runs;template=results;type=batting. Retrieved 2008-05-19.
- ^ "3rd Test: England v India at Nottingham, July 4–9, 1996". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/63715.html. Retrieved 2008-05-19.
- ^ Datta 2007, p. 99
- ^ Pandey, Jhimli Mukherjee (29 May 2001). "Saurav and Donna happy at last". The Times of India (The Times Group). http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/sunday-toi/Saurav-and-Donna-happy-at-last/articleshow/650212913.cms. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ Ramchand, Partab (22 September 2009). "Independence Cup final, Dhaka, 1998". Sify Technologies Limited. http://sify.com/sports/independence-cup-final-dhaka-1998-news-cricket-jjwvDejfgji.html. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ James, Claudia (19 October 2008). "Vintage Sourav Ganguly puts Australia to the sword". The Times (London: News Corporation). http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/cricket/article4969356.ece. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ Mandhani 2008, p. 134
- ^ Reporter, Post (23 September 2001). "Ganguly and Dravid storm the World Cup 1999". Thats Cricket (Oneindia.in). http://thatscricket.oneindia.in/1999/worldcup/260599review.html. Retrieved 2010-01-15. [dead link]
- ^ "India in Australia, 1999/00 Test Series Best Innings". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://usa.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1999-2000/IND_IN_AUS/STATS/IND_IN_AUS_NOV1999-FEB2000_TEST_BAT_BEST_INNS_SR.html. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ "South Africa in India Test Series 1999/00 / Results". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/mtn-09/engine/series/60684.html. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ Coopers, Pricewaterhouse (19 March 2000). "PwC Ratings: Ganguly claims Number One spot". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/india/content/story/90432.html. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ Basu, Surajit (19 September 2009). "History: Past, Present and coming". India Today (Mumbai, India: Living Media) 2 (1–13): 78. ISSN 0254-8399. http://books.google.co.in/books?id=8L0aAQAAIAAJ&q=sourav+ganguly+nagma&dq=sourav+ganguly+nagma&cd=1. Retrieved 2010-02-05.
- ^ a b Reporter, BBC (26 January 2001). "In Depth: Corruption in Cricket". BBC (BBC Online). http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/low/in_depth/2000/corruption_in_cricket/1138161.stm. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ "Coca-Cola Champions' Trophy, 2000-01". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/154124.html. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ Dubey 2006, p. 123
- ^ Pittard, Steve; Stern, John (24 May 2007). "Dodgy overseas signings". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/wisdencricketer/content/story/295629.html. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ a b Swanton, Will (19 November 2008). "Hero or villain, Ganguly made his mark". The Age (Melbourne: Fairfax Digital). http://www.theage.com.au/news/sport/cricket/hero-or-villain-ganguly-made-his-mark/2008/10/18/1223750407510.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap1. Retrieved 2010-01-25.
- ^ Waugh 2001, p. 71
- ^ Waugh 2001, pp. 52–53
- ^ "2nd Test: India v Australia at Calcutta 11–15 March 2001". Cricinfo (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2000-01/AUS_IN_IND/SCORECARDS/AUS_IND_T2_11-15MAR2001.html. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ "Incredible India defeat Australia". BBC Sport. 15 March 2001. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/in_depth/2001/india_v_australia/1221637.stm. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ "Tests - Victory after Following-On". Cricinfo (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283938.html. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ Reporter, Press (10 November 2008). "Ganguly takes off his shirt one last time". Reuters (Thomson Reuters). http://blogs.reuters.com/cricket/2008/11/10/ganguly-takes-off-his-shirt-one-last-time/. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ Kavoori 2009, p. 54
- ^ Reporter, BBC (23 February 2003). "Ruthless Aussies lift World Cup". BBC (BBC Online). http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/cwc2003/hi/newsid_2870000/newsid_2875100/2875135.stm. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ "SC Ganguly / One-Day Internationals / Series averages". Cricinfo (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/28779.html?class=2;template=results;type=batting;view=series. Retrieved 2010–01–25.
- ^ Reporter, BBC (19 February 2003). "Ganguly hits back at critics". BBC (BBC Online). http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/cwc2003/hi/newsid_2780000/newsid_2780800/2780877.stm. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ Nakai, Sandeep (16 April 2004). "Ganguly becomes India's most successful captain by completing test series victory in Pakistan". Daily Mail (Associated Newspapers). http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-93519322.html. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ Gilchrist 2008, pp. 423–424
- ^ Singh, Onkar (15 December 2005). "Ganguly cried on being dropped". Rediff.com. http://www.rediff.com/cricket/2005/dec/15sourav.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ Bhandari, Sunita (26 January 2004). "Ganguly, Dravid and Anju get Padma Shri". The Times of India (The Times Group). http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/445172.cms. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ India, Press Trust (30 June 2004). "Winning Padma Shri a great honour: Ganguly". Rediff.com. http://www.rediff.com/cricket/2004/jun/30gang.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ a b Gaur 2005, p. 212
- ^ Reporter, BBC (13 October 2005). "Ganguly dropped as India captain". BBC (BBC Online). http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/other_international/india/4333662.stm. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ Reporter, BBC (30 November 2006). "Ganguly recalled for Test series". BBC (BBC Online). http://news.bbc.co.uk/solpda/ifs_sport/hi/newsid_6158000/6158641.stm. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ "Cricinfo Statsguru - India - Champions Trophy 2006 - Team analysis". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/team/6.html?class=2;filter=advanced;orderby=start;season=2006%2F07;template=results;trophy=44;type=team;view=innings. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ "Cricinfo Statsguru - India Vs. South Africa 2006-07 - Team analysis". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/team/6.html?class=2;home_or_away=2;opposition=3;season=2006%2F07;template=results;type=team;view=innings. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ Reporter, Cricinfo (30 November 2006). "Ganguly in, Laxman appointed vice-captain". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/rsavind/content/story/270425.html. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ Reporter, Cricinfo (25 March 2006). "Jaffer, Zaheer and Kumble added to ODI squad". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/rsavind/content/story/266230.html. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ Srikkanth, Kris (30 October 2006). "Raina's inclusion a big surprise". The Times of India (The Times Group). http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/241962.cms. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ Alter, Jaime (13 December 2006). "Exorcising the demons". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/magazine/content/story/272255.html. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ "Tour Match: Rest of South Africa v Indians at Potchefstroom, December 7–9, 2006". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/249209.html. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ "1st Test: South Africa v India at Johannesburg, December 15–18, 2006". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/rsavind/engine/match/249215.html. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ Patwardhan, Deepti (18 December 2006). "India score maiden Test win in South Africa". Rediff.com. http://www.rediff.com/cricket/2006/dec/18indsalead01.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ "India in South Africa Test Series, 2006/07 - Most runs". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=2753;type=series. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ Vasu, Anand (12 January 2007). "Sehwag out, Ganguly picked for ODIs". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/indvwi/content/story/276198.html. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ Vasu, Anand (12 February 2007). "Sehwag and Munaf back for SL series". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/indvsl/content/story/278695.html. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ a b "Cricinfo Statsguru - SC Ganguly - One-Day Internationals". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/28779.html?class=2;spanmax1=17+Feb+2007;spanmin1=21+Jan+2007;spanval1=span;template=results;type=allround;view=innings. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ Vaidyanathan, Siddarth (21 January 2007). "India edge past despite Chanderpaul's masterclass". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/indvwi/content/story/277080.html. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ Reporter, Cricinfo (17 February 2007). "Ganguly happy with World Cup preparations". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/indvsl/content/story/280709.html. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ Reporter, Cricinfo (7 January 2006). "'I will play in the 2007 World Cup' - Ganguly". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/pakvind/content/story/232048.html. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ Vaidyanathan, Siddhartha (17 March 2007). "Brilliant Bangladesh stun India". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/285701.html. Retrieved 2008-06-01.
- ^ Vasu, Anand (3 April 2007). "BCCI faces its toughest challenge". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/wc2007/content/story/288609.html. Retrieved 2008-06-01.
- ^ Reporter, Cricinfo (4 April 2007). "The Greg Chappell Timeline: A controversial reign". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/australia/content/story/288804.html. Retrieved 2008-06-01.
- ^ Premachandran, Dileep (8 December 2007). "Yuvraj and Ganguly put India on top". Cricinfo (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/indvpak/content/current/story/324352.html. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ "Most Runs in Test Matches in 2007". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?class=1;id=2007;type=year. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ "Most Runs in One-Day Internationals in 2007". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?class=2;id=2007;type=year. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ Reporter, BBC (20 February 2008). "Dhoni tops Indian auction bidding". BBC (BBC Online). http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/7252238.stm. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ Chatterjee, Mridula (19 April 2008). "Kolkata Knight Riders Defeat Bangalore Royal Challengers". India-Server.com. http://www.india-server.com/news/kolkata-knight-tigers-defeat-bangalore-374.html. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ "Rajasthan Royals vs Kolkata Knight Riders". Rajasthan Royals. http://www.rajasthanroyals.com/td20092304.aspx. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ "Sourav Ganguly to be BCCI president?". Zee News. 7 July 2008. http://www.zeenews.com/news545330.html. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ Mukherjee, Sumit (8 July 2009). "Ganguly may try to become BCCI chief in 2014". The Times of India (The Times Group). http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Ganguly-may-try-to-become-BCCI-chief-in-2014/articleshow/4750851.cms. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ Reporter, BBC (7 October 2008). "Ganguly to quit after Test series". BBC (BBC Online). http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/other_international/india/7656850.stm. Retrieved 2010-01-14.
- ^ "Batting and bowling averages: Border-Gavaskar Trophy, 2008/09 - India". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/averages/batting_bowling_by_team.html?id=4246;team=6;type=series. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ Chopra, Nikhil (18 October 2008). "Ganguly retiring at the right time". Zee News. http://cricket.zeenews.com/fullstory.aspx?nid=13768. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ Staff, Cricinfo (10 November 2008). "Dhoni carries forward Ganguly's flame". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/indvaus2008/content/story/377712.html. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
- ^ Parker, Ajit (11 November 2008). "Saurav Ganguly retires from test cricket in style by captaining a victorious Indian side against Aussies". India Daily (The Times Group). http://www.indiadaily.com/editorial/20270.asp. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ Staff, Cricinfo (23 May 2009). "We would have done better under Ganguly - Dinda". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/ipl2009/content/story/405696.html. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ Shukla, Shirish (24 July 2009). "Ganguly's Dadagiri on Bengali TV show". Hindustan Times (HT Media Ltd). http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/cricketfeatures/Ganguly-s-Dadagiri-on-Bengali-TV-show/Article1-435853.aspx. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ Staff, Cricinfo (22 August 2009). "Ganguly appointed to Bengal administrative post". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/india/content/story/421261.html. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ Staff, Cricinfo (10 October 2009). "Ganguly mulls Ranji stint with Bengal". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/india/content/story/424363.html. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ Staff, Cricinfo (15 December 2009). "Ganguly, Saha centuries revive Bengal". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2009/content/story/439556.html?CMP=OTC-RSS. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ "Kolkata Knight Riders". Indian Premier League Official Website. http://www.iplt20.com/team.php?team=KKR. Retrieved 2010-03-22. [dead link]
- ^ "Twenty20 batting and fielding for each team by Sourav Ganguly". CricketArchive. http://www.cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/2/2023/tt_Batting_by_Team.html. Retrieved 2011-05-19.
- ^ "Twenty20 bowling for each team by Sourav Ganguly". CricketArchive. http://www.cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/2/2023/tt_Bowling_by_Team.html. Retrieved 2011-05-19.
- ^ "Sourav Ganguly to Join Pune Warriors". The Times of India (The Times Group). 25 April 2011. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/ipl-2011/news/Sourav-Ganguly-to-join-Pune-Warriors-India-for-IPL-4/articleshow/8150003.cms. Retrieved 2011-05-11.
- ^ "Twenty20 batting for each team by Sourav Ganguly". CricketArchive. http://www.cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/2/2023/tt_Batting_by_Team.html. Retrieved 2011-05-23.
- ^ Tiwari 2005, p. 104
- ^ Dubey 2006, p. 120
- ^ Datta 2007, p. 309
- ^ Bose 2006, p. 35
- ^ Dinakar, Sitesh (14 December 2007). "Sourav Ganguly—the comeback man". The Hindu (Chennai, India: The Hindu Group). http://www.hindu.com/2007/12/14/stories/2007121457482300.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ^ Daityari 2003, p. 83
- ^ Gaur 2005, p. 1113
- ^ a b Dubey 2006, p. 215
- ^ Tiwari 2005, p. 89
- ^ Mandhani 2008, p. 67
- ^ "India Captains' Playing Record in Test Matches". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). Archived from the original on 18 September 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080918040233/http://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Records/India/Tests/Captains/Playing_Record_Captain_Overall.html. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
- ^ "Statsguru home: SC Ganguly Test matches - Batting analysis not as captain". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/28779.html?captain=0;class=2;filter=advanced;orderby=default;template=results;type=batting. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
- ^ "Statsguru home: SC Ganguly Test matches - Batting analysis as captain". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/28779.html?captain=1;class=1;filter=advanced;orderby=default;template=results;type=batting. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
- ^ "Indian Cricketers: Most Test Matches". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/individual/most_matches_career.html?class=1;id=6;type=team. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
- ^ "Indian Cricketers: Most Test Runs". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?class=1;id=6;type=team. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
- ^ "Indian Cricketers: Most One-Day Internationals". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/individual/most_matches_career.html?class=2;id=6;type=team. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
- ^ "Most Runs in Career: One-Day Internationals". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/content/records/83548.html. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
- ^ "Cricinfo - Records - One-Day Internationals - Most runs in career". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/content/records/83548.html. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
- ^ "Opening Pairs with an Aggregate of 1000 Runs or more". Howstat Magazine (ESPN). http://www.howstat.com/cricket/Statistics/Matches/MatchTopOpeners_ODI.asp. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
- ^ Corresspondent, Special (5 August 2005). "Ganguly joins 10,000-club". The Hindu (Chennai, India: The Hindu Group). http://www.hindu.com/2005/08/04/stories/2005080411102100.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-14.
- ^ Kavoori 2009, p. 923
- ^ a b c Bose 2006, p. 280
- ^ Engel 2006, p. 45
- ^ Mahajan, Rohit (20 October 2008). "I wanted to go out with dignity, on a winning note". Outlook (Mumbai, India: Vinod Mehta) 48 (42): 18. ISSN 119-2671. http://books.google.com/books?id=PDEEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA17&dq=sourav+ganguly+legacy&cd=1#. Retrieved 2010-01-22.
- ^ Petropoulos, Thrasy (12 November 2003). "World Cup 2003 - Team profile - India". BBC (BBC Online). http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/cwc2003/hi/newsid_2870000/newsid_2870400/2870451.stm. Retrieved 2010-01-12.
- ^ Sharma, Chetan (12 November 2003). "Sourav Ganguly will have to get the team balance right". The Tribune (Dyal Singh Majithia). http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20031112/sports.htm#2. Retrieved 2010-01-14.
- ^ Bose 2006, p. 282
- ^ Engel 2006, p. 32
- ^ Bhattacharya, Rahul (12 September 2007). "The heart of the matter". Cricinfo Magazine (ESPN). http://www.cricinfo.com/cricinfomagazine/content/story/236016.html. Retrieved 2010-02-10.
- ^ http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?captain_involve=2024;class=1;filter=advanced;home_or_away=1;orderby=won;team=6;template=results;type=team
- ^ http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?captain_involve=2024;class=1;filter=advanced;home_or_away=2;orderby=won;team=6;template=results;type=team
- ^ http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/individual/most_matches_as_captain.html?class=1;id=6;type=team
- ^ http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?captain_involve=2024;class=2;filter=advanced;home_or_away=1;orderby=won;team=6;template=results;type=team
- ^ http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?captain_involve=2024;class=2;filter=advanced;home_or_away=2;orderby=won;team=6;template=results;type=team
- ^ http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?captain_involve=2024;class=2;filter=advanced;home_or_away=3;orderby=won;team=6;template=results;type=team
- ^ http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/individual/most_matches_as_captain.html?class=2;id=6;type=team
References[link]
- Bose, Mihir (2006). "The magic of Indian cricket: cricket and society in India". Routledge. ISBN 0-415-35691-1.
- Daityari, Amrita (2003). "Sourav Ganguly: the fire within". Rupa & Company Publishers. ISBN 81-291-0143-2.
- Datta, Debashish (2007). "Sourav Ganguly, the maharaja of cricket". Niyogi Books. ISBN 81-89738-20-8.
- Dubey, Abhishek (2006). "Dressing Room". Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd. ISBN 81-8419-191-X.
- Engel, Matthew (2006). "Wisden Cricketers' Almanack". John Wisden & Co Ltd. ISBN 978-0-947766-98-6.
- Gilchrist, Adam (2008). "True Colours". Pan Macmillian Australia. ISBN 978-1-4050-3922-2.
- Gaur, Mahendra (2005). "Indian Affairs Annual 2006 9 Vols, Volume 2". Gyan Publishing House. ISBN 81-7835-529-9.
- Kavoori, Anandam P. (2009). "The logics of globalization: studies in international communication". Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 0-7391-2184-7.
- Mandhani, Pradeep (2008). "Cricket World Cup '99 frozen". University of Michigan. ISBN 1-84353-197-6.
- Tiwari, Vinod (2005). "Sourav Ganguly". Manoj Publications. ISBN 81-8133-985-1.
- Waugh, Steve (2001). "Ashes Diary 2001". HarperCollinsPublishers. ISBN 0-7322-6444-8.
External links[link]
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Wikinews has related news: Sourav Ganguly |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Sourav Ganguly |
- Player profile: Sourav Ganguly from ESPNcricinfo
- Cumulative Career Averages
- Fastest To Reach Multiples
- Sourav Ganguly News Articles
- Batting series' averages
| Preceded by Sachin Tendulkar |
Indian Test captains 2000/01–2005/06 |
Succeeded by Rahul Dravid |
| Preceded by Sachin Tendulkar |
Indian One-Day captains 2000/01–2005/06 |
Succeeded by Rahul Dravid |
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Ganguly, Sourav |
| Alternative names | Dada, Prince of Calcutta |
| Short description | cricketer |
| Date of birth | 8 July 1972 |
| Place of birth | Kolkata |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Sourav_Ganguly
Related pages:
http://fr.wn.com/Sourav Ganguly
http://de.wn.com/Sourav Ganguly
http://hi.wn.com/सौरव गांगुली
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sourav_Ganguly
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
 |
This article is outdated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Please see the talk page for more information. (November 2010) |
| Tokio Hotel | |
|---|---|
 Tokio Hotel, 2010. L-R: Georg Listing, Bill Kaulitz, Tom Kaulitz, and Gustav Schäfer |
|
| Background information | |
| Origin | Magdeburg, Germany |
| Genres | Pop rock,[1][2] alternative rock,[3] emo,[4] glam rock,[5] power pop,[6][7][8][9] |
| Years active | 2001–present |
| Labels | Universal Music Germany, Cherrytree, Interscope |
| Website | www.tokiohotel.com |
| Members | |
| Bill Kaulitz Tom Kaulitz Georg Listing Gustav Schäfer |
|
Tokio Hotel is a rock band from Germany, founded in 2001 by singer Bill Kaulitz, guitarist Tom Kaulitz, drummer Gustav Schäfer and bassist Georg Listing.[10] The quartet have scored four number one singles and have released three number one albums in their native country, selling nearly 5 million CDs and DVDs there.[11] After recording an unreleased demo-CD under the name "Devilish" and having their contract with Sony BMG Germany terminated, the band released their first German-language album, Schrei, as Tokio Hotel on Universal Music Germany in 2005. Schrei sold more than half a million copies worldwide[12] and spawned four top five singles in both Germany and Austria. In 2007, the band released their second German album Zimmer 483 and their first English album Scream which have combined album sales of over one million copies worldwide and helped win the band their first MTV Europe Music Award for Best InterAct. The former, Zimmer 483, spawned three top five singles in Germany while the latter, Scream, spawned two singles that reached the top twenty in new territories such as France, Portugal, Spain and Italy. In September 2008, they won in the US their first MTV Video Music Award (VMA) for Best New Artist. In October 2008, they won four awards including Best International Artist and Song of the year at Los Premios MTV Latinoamérica (MTV Video Music Awards Latin America) held in Mexico. Tokio Hotel became the first German band ever to win an award at the MTV VMAs and also at the MTV Latin America Awards. They also picked up the Headliner award at the MTV Europe Music Awards 2008 held in Liverpool on November 6, 2008 and the Award for Best Group on November 5, 2009 at the MTV Europe Music Award (EMA) held in Berlin. They won an Award for Best World Stage Performance on November 7, 2010 at the MTV Europe Music Awards in Madrid. In July 2011, they became the first German band to win an MTV Video Music Awards Japan (VMAJ). And won MTV's 2012 Musical March Madness.
Contents |
History[link]
[edit] Formation (2001 - 2004)
Tokio Hotel by vocalist Bill Kaulitz and guitarist Tom Kaulitz, who are identical twin brothers, drummer Gustav Schäfer and bass-guitarist Georg Listing. The four met in 2001 after a live show in a Magdeburg-Club, where Listing and Schäfer, who knew each other from music school, watched from the audience while Bill and Tom Kaulitz played on the stage.[13][14] Under the name Devilish, the band soon began playing in talent shows and small concerts.[15] After Bill Kaulitz's participation in a children's Star Search in 2003 at age thirteen (which he lost in the quarter-final), he was discovered by music producer Peter Hoffmann. Devilish changed their name to Tokio Hotel: "Tokio", the German spelling of the Japanese city Tokyo, due to a love of the city, and "Hotel" due to their constant touring and living in hotels.[13] Soon after Sony BMG took them under contract, Hoffmann hired David Jost and Pat Benzner into the team of creators and authors, and had them give the teens instruction on songwriting and instrument playing; most of the songs of the first album were written by Hoffmann, Jost and Benzer (including the singles "Scream" and "Rescue me" which were completely written by them), only the single "Unendlichkeit" was written completely by Tokio Hotel themselves. Shortly before release of their first album, Sony terminated their contract. The band is now one of the biggest modern acts from Germany and the biggest in 20 years.
[edit] Schrei (2005 - 2006)
In 2005, Universal Music Group took Tokio Hotel under contract and developed a marketing plan. Their first single, "Durch den Monsun" ("Through the Monsoon"), quickly rose in the charts, appearing on the German official Media Control single chart at #15 on August 20, 2005 and eventually reaching #1 on August 26, 2005; it also reached #1 on the Austrian singles chart. Their second single, "Schrei" ("Scream"), climbed to the #5 position in the German charts. These two songs were written by singer Bill Kaulitz together with their group of producers Peter Hoffmann, David Jost, Pat Benzer and Dave Roth. Their debut album, Schrei, was released on September 19, 2005, and was certified triple gold by the BVMI in 2006 for selling over 300,000 copies in Germany.[16] In 2006, a third and fourth single, "Rette mich" ("Rescue Me") and "Der letzte Tag" ("The Final Day"), were released; both reached #1 as well. "Der letzte Tag" contained a B-side called "Wir schließen uns ein", which was also accompanied by a music video.
[edit] Zimmer 483 (2007 - 2008)
The first single off their second album Zimmer 483 (Room 483), called "Übers Ende der Welt" (later re-released in English under the name "Ready, Set, Go!"), was released on January 26, 2007 and quickly reached #1 in Germany and Austria, and #2 in France. Zimmer 483 was released in Germany on February 23, 2007, along with a deluxe edition of the album containing a DVD. The album's second single, "Spring nicht" ("Don't Jump") was released on April 7. The tour accompanying the release of the album, The Zimmer 483 Tour, was scheduled to start in March 2007, but was delayed by two weeks because the band members wished to have a different stage design. A third single, "An deiner Seite (Ich bin da)" ("By Your Side"), was released on November 16. The single contains the B-side "1000 Meere" ("1000 Oceans"), for which a music video was also produced. On April 28, 2008 Tokio Hotel released their single "Heilig" but no music video for the single was released, because of the tight schedule they had.
[edit] Scream (2007 - 2008)
Tokio Hotel's first English language album, Scream, was released on June 4, 2007 throughout Europe. In Germany, the album was released as Room 483 in order to emphasize the continuity with their last German album Zimmer 483. Scream contains English versions of a selection of songs from their German-language albums Scream and Zimmer 483. "Monsoon", the English-language version of "Durch den Monsun", was the first single from the album. "Ready, Set, Go!" (the translation of "Übers Ende der Welt") was released as the album's second single and "Don't Jump" (the translation of "Spring nicht") as the third single. A video for "Scream", the English-language version of their 2005 hit "Schrei", was also recorded, and was released to the iTunes Store in early March 2008.
Tokio Hotel gave their first concert in the United Kingdom on June 19, 2007. "Ready, Set, Go!" was released in the UK as the band's first single on August 27, 2007. The song reached #77 in the UK Singles Chart.
Tokio Hotel won an MTV Europe Music Award for Best InterAct on November 1, 2007 and were also nominated for Best Band. They performed "Monsoon" at the event.
Tokio Hotel released their first US single, simply called "Tokio Hotel", in late 2007. The single contains the tracks "Scream" and "Ready, Set, Go!", and was available exclusively at Hot Topic stores. Their second US single, "Scream America", was released on December 11, 2007. The single contains the track "Scream" and a remix of "Ready, Set, Go!" by AFI's Jade Puget. In February 2008, the band toured North America for five dates starting in Canada and finishing up in New York.[17] After appearing and performing live on MuchMusic, while touring in Canada, "Ready, Set, Go!" entered the MuchOnDemand Daily 10, a countdown of videos chosen by viewers. It remained there for over a week, then returned to the top of the MOD Daily 10 chart on April 8. "Scream" was released in Canada on March 25 and in the US on May 6. The "1000 Hotels" European Tour began on March 3, 2008 in Brussels and continued to locations including The Netherlands, Luxembourg, France, Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Scandinavia, and was scheduled to finish on April 9; during the concert in Marseille, France on March 14, Bill started to experience vocal problems.[18] He let the audience sing more frequently than normal and instead of the original 21 songs that were on the set list, they only played 16 songs. Bill apologized, in German, for his bad singing and explained that he was sick. Two days later, the band canceled Lisbon, Portugal concert minutes before it was supposed to commence. The rest of the "1000 Hotels" Tour and a scheduled North American Tour were cancelled following an announcement in Bild by the band's manager that Bill Kaulitz had to undergo surgery to remove a cyst on his vocal cords.[19][20]
Bill Kaulitz had been putting strain on his voice after playing 43 concerts in the 1000 Hotels tour without vacation.[21] He had to undergo Larynx surgery on March 30 to remove a cyst that had formed on his vocal cords.[22] The cyst was the result of a throat infection that went untreated.[23] Following his surgery, Bill was unable to speak for twelve days, and had four weeks of vocal rehabilitation.[24] If Bill had continued singing the rest of the tour, his voice would have eventually been permanently damaged.[18][25] Tokio Hotel started performing again in May 2008[26] and after that they embarked on a 2nd part of their 1000 Hotels European Tour adding many Open Air concerts and wrapping up the tour on July 13 in Werchter, Belgium.
[edit] North American Tours and Humanoid (2009 - 2010)
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This section is outdated. Please update this section to reflect recent events or newly available information. Please see the talk page for more information. (November 2010) |
Tokio Hotel embarked on a second tour of North America in August 2008, which included a performance at the Bamboozled festival in New Jersey. The band's music video for "Ready Set Go!" was nominated for Best Pop Video at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards,[27] where they also won the award for Best New Artist.[28] They returned to North America again in October 2008 for a month long tour of concerts and record store signings. In December 2008, a behind-the scenes DVD called Tokio Hotel TV – Caught on Camera was released. It contains footage from Tokio Hotel TV and backstage feature stories of the previous year on disc one entitled "History – The very best of Tokio Hotel TV!". A deluxe edition contains a second disc entitled "Future – The road to the new Album!" which features footage of the band on promotion tours and preparing for their third studio album.[29]
In between the North American tours, the band returned to their record studio in Hamburg to record their third studio album, Humanoid, which, according to their producer David Jost, is currently set for release on October 2 in Germany & October 6, 2009 in the U.S.[30][31][32] This is despite earlier statements predicting a March/April 2009 release or a May/June 2009 release.[33][34][35] The album was recorded in both German and English with both versions were released simultaneously worldwide.[34][35]
On August 10, it was announced on MTV news that the first German single would be "Automatisch" and its English counterpart, "Automatic", would also be released as a first single in the United States. On August 20, MTV Buzzworthy released a video which previewed "Automatic" and Cherrytree Records announced that the English version of the song would be released in the US on September 22.[36][37] Nevertheless, the video for the single was released on September 3.
On November 2, it was announced on Tom's Blog that the second English single would be "World Behind My Wall" and its German counterpart, "Lass uns laufen", would be the second German single.[38] The music videos for both versions were released on December 14 and December 15.
On June 24, the live music video for their single, "Dark Side of the Sun" was released on the band website.
On July 20, 2010 they released their second live album Humanoid City Live from Milan, Italy On November 22, 2010, their new song "Hurricanes and Suns," premiered on the Greek radio station Mad Radio. It was included in the bonus track on all versions of "Tokio Hotel: Best Of," a compilation album of their most successful songs. As well as the single for the 'Best of' release. The album will also include "Mädchen aus dem All", the first song the band recorded in a studio.
On December 14, 2010 their 'Best of' was released. December 2 was the World Premiere of the video for "Hurricanes and Suns" on their Official Website. On April 28, 2011 they received the "Fan Army FTW" award at the MTV O Music Awards, the networks first online award show. A clip of Bill and Tom thanking their fans was played after the winner was announced.
Tokio Hotel performed their first concert in Asia (excluding their concert in Israel) at the Audi Showcase in Singapore, followed shortly by the TM Connects With Tokio Hotel event in Malaysia, promoting the sales of their album Humanoid. They concluded the series of mini-concerts with Taiwan. They returned to Malaysia a couple of months later to perform at MTV World Stage Live in Malaysia 2010. They performed in Tokyo on December 15, 2010, after their South American Tour concluded in Distrito Federal, Mexico on December 2, 2010. In February, 2011 Tokio Hotel travelled to Japan to complete a second promo tour. A number of TV appearances and media interviews took place between February 8 and February 11.
On June 24, 2011 Tokio Hotel performed in Japan at “The Next Premium Night Tokio Hotel in Tokyo". The event was presented by Audi A1 and 150 fans were chosen to win tickets to attend the show. The event was the band's first acoustic performance in Japan. On June 25, 2011 the band performed live at the MTV Video Music Aid Japan in Tokyo. The show, which was formerly called the Video Music Awards Japan, was used as a music benefit to raise money for the Japanese Red Cross in order to help those who were affected by the recent earthquake.
Modeling and commercials[link]
|
|
This section is outdated. Please update this section to reflect recent events or newly available information. Please see the talk page for more information. (January 2010) |
On January 19, 2010, lead singer Bill Kaulitz teamed up with twins Dean and Dan Caten of DSquared to walk the runway at a fashion event in Milan.[39] Kaulitz made two appearances, as he opened and closed DSquared's Menswear Autumn/Winter 2010 show to Tokio Hotel song "Screamin".[40]
Car maker Audi hired the two frontmen to star in their new advertising campaign to attract the younger generation. They were featured in an episode of Tokio Hotel TV (on Tokio Hotel's website) and also in a commercial.[41]
On August 4, 2010, Tom Kaulitz got his own Reebok shoe commercial.[42] Reebok signed the 20-year-old Tokio Hotel guitarist and sneaker addict to model shoes for the company. "At home, I created a little room like a little storage room," he said of his sneakers. He also said that he gets 10 new pairs a week.[42]
Best Of Tokio Hotel (2010)[link]
At 13th December in Germany and 14th December internationally Tokio Hotel released their first compilation album named "Best Of". It comes in two languages: english and german. It contains the most popular songs from all the previous albums and two new songs: "Hurricanes and Suns" (was recorded for Humanoid but not included in it) and "Mädchen aus dem All" (was recorded for Schrei but not included in it).There is a deluxe edition too which comes with both german and english versions of album and a bonus DVD with all Tokio Hotel's music videos and "making of" scenes.
[edit] New album and duet with Far East Movement (2011 - present)
 |
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2012) |
After finishing "Welcome To Humanoid City Tour" Bill and Tom with their manager David Jost moved to Los Angeles and still are living there. They said they are working on the new album, which will be released in the late 2012. Paparazzies caught Bill, Tom and Gustav in a shop in Los Angeles. MTV said the new album will be named "Dark Anthem".[43]. Bill and Tom released an app named "BTK Twins" for iOS (16 January 2012),[44] and Android(19 December 2011),[45] for keeping in touch with their fans. Here Bill and Tom post their photos, videos and text messages, and fans can leave messages for posts. Bill and Tom answer to these comments very often. The app costs 2.99$, and if a user wants to leave comments besides watching only he must pay 0.99$ a month. Tokio Hotel launched a service named "VIP Call".[46] Fans may pay 4.99 Euros for a month or 3.49 Euros for 3 months and Tokio Hotel call them and leave audio messages. Fans can even ask them questions and Tokio Hotel will answer to them. On 18 May 2012 Far East Movement released an album named "Dirty Bass". In it there is a song named "If I Die Tomorrow" which is a duet with Bill. Far East Movement accepted there will be a music video released for "If I Die Tomorrow" soon. Bill Kaulitz will take part in shootings too.
Band members[link]
- Bill Kaulitz - lead vocals
- Tom Kaulitz - guitar, piano, backing vocals
- Georg Listing - bass, keyboards, synthesizers, backing vocals
- Gustav Schäfer - drums, percussion, backing vocals
Discography[link]
For more details on this topic, see Tokio Hotel discography.
- Studio albums
- Schrei (2005)
- Zimmer 483 (2007)
- Scream (2007)
- Humanoid (2009)
- Best Of (2010)
Awards[link]
Since the release of the "Durch den Monsun" single in 2005, Tokio Hotel have gone on to win 104 awards in various categories and countries.
- 2005
| Category | Award | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Best Newcomer | Comet Awards (Germany) | October 6 |
| Super Comet | Comet Awards (Germany) | October 6 |
| Best Newcomer | Eins Live Krone | November 24 |
| Best Pop National Act | Bambi Awards | December 1 |
| Best Single | Golden Penguin (Austria) | ...2005 |
| Best Pop | Golden Penguin (Austria) | ...2005 |
| Rock Band 2005 | Golden Penguin (Austria) | ...2005 |
- 2006
| Category | Award | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Album of the year | Golden Penguin (Austria) | February 8 |
| Band of the year | Golden Penguin (Austria) | February 8 |
| Song of the year – ‘Der Letzte Tag’ | Golden Penguin (Austria) | February 8 |
| Best Newcomer | Golden Penguin (Austria) | February 8 |
| Ausverkaufte Tourhalle | Sold-out-Award of Königpilsener Arena | March 11 |
| Best Newcomer | ECHO Awards (Germany) | March 12 |
| Best Newcomer | Steiger Awards | March 25 |
| Pop National | Radio Regenbogen (Germany) | March 31 |
| SuperBand Rock – Golden Otto | Bravo Otto | May 6 |
| Music Award | Bild OSGAR | May 22 |
| Best Newcomer International | Popcorn Awards (Hungary) | May 26 |
| Best Newcomer | Bravo Otto (Hungary) | June 24 |
| Best International Band | Bravo Otto (Hungary) | June 24 |
| Best Newcomer Band | Popkomm Bavarian Music Lion | September 21 |
| Best German Pop Band | Goldene Stimmgabel | September 24 |
| Best Selling German Artist | World Music Awards | November 15 |
| Best Pop National Act | Bambi Awards | November 30 |
| Best Live Act | Eins Live Krone | December 7 |
| Best Rock band | MTV France |
- 2007
| Category | Award | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Single of the Year – Durch Den Monsun | Golden Penguin | |
| Best Selling German Act – Album Schrei | European Border Breakers Award | January 21 |
| European Border Breakers Award | NRJ Awards | January 21 |
| Rock Award | BZ-Kulturpreis | January 23 |
| Best Video National | ECHO Awards (Germany) | March 25 |
| SuperBand Rock – Golden otto | Bravo Otto | April 28 |
| Best Video | Comet Awards (Germany) | May 3 |
| Best Band | Comet Awards (Germany) | May 3 |
| Supercomet | Comet Awards (Germany) | May 3 |
| Best Band | Jabra Music | July 2007 |
| Digital prize | Festivalbar (Italy) | September 7 |
| Most Successful Group Rock International | Goldene Stimmgabel | September 22 |
| Most Successful Popgroup International | Goldene Stimmgabel Awards | October 3 |
| Best Album | TMF Awards (Belgium) | October 14 |
| Best Video | TMF Awards (Belgium) | October 14 |
| Best New Artist | TMF Awards (Belgium) | October 14 |
| Best Pop | TMF Awards (Belgium) | October 14 |
| Best International Act | MTV Europe Music Awards (Germany) | November 1 |
| Best band of the Year | MTV Italy Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Award | December 1 |
- 2008
| Category | Award | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Band of the Year 2007 | Golden Penguin (Austria) | January |
| Best International Band | Rockbjörnen Award (Sweden) | January 24 |
| Best Music National | Goldene Kamera (Germany) | February 6 |
| Best Music Video | Echo Awards (Germany) | February 15 |
| Best International Artist | Emma Gala Awards (Finland) | March 8 |
| Best International Group | Disney Channel Kids Award (Italy) | March 28 |
| Best Concert | Hitkrant (Netherlands) | May 2008 |
| Best Mood Song – Monsoon | Hitkrant (Netherlands) | May 2008 |
| Song that Satys in your Head – Monsoon | Hitkrant (Netherlands) | May 2008 |
| Superband Rock – Silver Otto | Bravo Otto | May 3 |
| Best Band | MTV TRL Awards (Italy) | May 17 |
| Best Number 1 of the Year with Monsoon | MTV TRL Awards (Italy) | May 17 |
| Best Band | Comet Awards (Germany) | May 23 |
| Best Video – An Deiner Seite | Comet Awards (Germany) | May 23 |
| Best Live Act | Comet Awards (Germany) | May 23 |
| Super Comet | Comet Awards (Germany) | May 23 |
| Best New Artist | MTV VMA Music Awards (USA) | September 7 |
| Fan Choice Best Entrance | MTV VMA Music Awards (USA) | September 7 |
| Best Male Artist International (Bill Kaulitz) | TMF Awards[47] (Belgium) | October 11 |
| Best Video International – Don't Jump | TMF Awards[47] (Belgium) | October 11 |
| Song of the Year | MTV Latin America Awards (Mexico) | October 16 |
| Best Fanclub-Venezuela | MTV Latin America Awards (Mexico) | October 16 |
| Best New Artist-International | MTV Latin America Awards (Mexico) | October 16 |
| Best Ringtone | MTV Latin America Awards (Mexico) | October 16 |
| Headliner | MTV Europe Music Awards (England) | November 6 |
| Best Selling DVD: ZImmer 483 – Live in Europe | Rekord (Russia) | December 2 |
- 2009
| Category | Award | Date |
|---|---|---|
| SuperBand – Golden Otto | Bravo Otto (Germany) | May 12 |
| Best TRL Artist of the Year | MTV TRL Awards (Italy) | May 16 |
| Best Online Star | Comet Awards (Germany) | May 29 |
| Export Hit of Germany | Bavarian Music Lion | September 17 |
| International Award (2009) | Audi Generation Award (Germany) | October 18 |
| Best Group[48] | MTV Europe Music Awards (Germany) | November 5 |
| Best International Rock Band | Telehit Awards (Mexico) | November 12 |
- 2010
| Category | Award | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Band of the Year | Golden Penguin (Austria) | January 29 |
| Album of the Year | Golden Penguin (Austria) | January 29 |
| Band of the Year | Bravoora Awards (Poland) | February 1 |
| Best International Artist | Emma Gala Awards (Finland) | February 4 |
| Walk of Fame | König-Pilsener Arena (Germany) | February 26 |
| Best International Band | Radio Regenbogen Awards (Germany) | March 19 |
| Favorite Music Star | Kids Choice Awards 2010 (Germany) | April 10 |
| Best Live Act | Comet Awards (Germany) | May 21 |
| Foreign Song of the Year - World Behind My Wall | Rockbjörnen Award (Sweden) | September 1 |
| Concert of the Year | Rockbjörnen Award (Sweden) | September 1 |
| Best World Stage Performance | MTV Europe Music Awards (Spain) | November 7 |
| Best Band National[49] | CMA Awards (Germany) | December 12 |
| Best Single National - World Behind My Wall[50] | CMA Awards (Germany) | December 12 |
- 2011
| Category | Award | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Band of the Year | Bravoora Awards (Poland) [51] | March |
| Star of the 20th Anniversary | Bravoora Awards (Poland) [51] | March |
| Best Fan Army (Fan Army FTW) | MTV O Music Awards (USA) [52] | April 28 |
| Best Rock Video | MTV Video Music Awards Japan [53] | July 2 |
| Best Fan Army (Fan Army FTW) | MTV O Music Awards (USA)[52] | October 31 |
- 2012
| Category | Award | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Super-Band Rock- Bronze Otto | BRAVO OTTO (Germany)[54] | March 21 |
| Mister Winter 2012 : Bill Kaulitz | Star Planete Awards 2012 (France) [55] | March 25 |
| Musical March Madness Champions | MTV Musical March Madness 2012 [56] | April 5 |
| Hottest Rocker Boys | Q102's Online Competitions [57] | May 27 |
References[link]
- ^ Elke Buhr for Frankfurter Rundschau. "As if" eroticism. February 22, 2007. English translation by Sign and Sight.com
Straightforward pop-rock with catchy melodies and a well-calculated mix of stolen Metallica riffs and romantic ballad elements. Everything is played on the safe side, and the production is technically perfect.
- ^ ABC – Tokio Hotel: The Latest German Export
- ^ NY Daily News
- ^ Ankeny, Jason (2006-12-29). "TH en allmusic". Allmusic.com. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/tokio-hotel-p745895. Retrieved 2011-10-26.
- ^ Softpedia
- ^ Dw-world.de
- ^ "German Pop Sensation Tokio Hotel Wins MTV Video Music Award". Dw-world.de. http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,2144,3626595,00.html. Retrieved 2011-10-26.
- ^ Elke Buhr for Frankfurter Rundschau. "As if" eroticism. February 22, 2007. English translation by Sign and Sight.com
Straightforward pop-rock with catchy melodies and a well-calculated mix of stolen Metallica riffs and romantic ballad elements. Everything is played on the safe side, and the production is technically perfect.
- ^ ABC - Tokio Hotel: The Latest German Export
- ^ Angus, Kat. "Tokio Hotel Makes All The Girls Scream". canada.com. http://www.canada.com/cityguides/montreal/story.html?id=119cfe69-4046-4018-8525-ac18324e1fc9. Retrieved August 22, 2008.
- ^ "Prominente: Tokio Hotel will den gesamten Planeten erobern – Nachrichten Vermischtes – WELT ONLINE" (in (German)). Welt.de. 2008-05-19. http://www.welt.de/vermischtes/article2005797/Tokio_Hotel_will_den_gesamten_Planeten_erobern.html. Retrieved 2011-10-26.
- ^ "IFPI Platinum Europe Awards – 2007". ifpi.org. http://www.ifpi.org/content/section_news/plat2007.html. Retrieved March 19, 2008.
- ^ a b "Tokio Hotel Interview". popculturemadness.com. http://www.popculturemadness.com/interview/Tokio-Hotel.html. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
- ^ "Billboard.com – Tokio Hotel – Biography". Billboard.com. http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/bio/index.jsp?pid=699968. Retrieved March 19, 2008.
- ^ "Biography at". Tokiohotel-us.com. http://www.tokiohotel-us.com/bio/. Retrieved 2011-10-26.
- ^ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Tokio+Hotel; 'Schrei')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie. http://www.musikindustrie.de/gold_platin_datenbank/?action=suche&strTitel=Schrei&strInterpret=Tokio%2BHotel&strTtArt=alle&strAwards=checked.
- ^ NYTimes.com A Wild Welcome to a German Teen-Pop Band. Retrieved September 30, 2008.
- ^ a b Kautz, Julia, "Das Ende von Tokio Hotel?", pg. 10, 11, 12 & 13, Bravo, Issue 15, April 2008
- ^ "Wie schlecht geht es Bill wirklich", Bild, April 5, 2008
- ^ "Noch mehr US-Konzerte abgesagt", Bild, April 26, 2008
- ^ "Hat Tokio-Bill seine Stimme kaputt gesungen?". Bild.de. http://www.bild.de/BILD/leute/star-news/2008/03/26/hat-tokio-bill/seine-stimme-kaputt-gesungen.html. Retrieved October 28, 2008. (German)
- ^ "So verbringt Bill die letzten Stunden vor seiner OP". Bild.de. http://www.bild.de/BILD/leute/star-news/2008/03/29/tokio-hotel/exklusiv-interview.html. Retrieved October 28, 2008. (German)
- ^ "Verliert Teenie-Schwarm Bill seine Stimme?". Bild.de. http://www.bild.de/BILD/entertainment/musik/2008/03/18/bill-kaulitz-infektion/tokio-bill-infektion-der-stimmbaender.html. Retrieved October 28, 2008. (German)
- ^ Jessen, Philip & Michaelsen, Sven, "Ich habe Angst", pg. 46, Vanity Fair, Issue 15, April 3, 2008
- ^ "Ärzte schneiden ihm Zyste aus dem Hals". Bild.de. http://www.bild.de/BILD/leute/star-news/2008/03/25/tokio-hotel/bill-stimmband-op.html. Retrieved October 28, 2008. (German)
- ^ "New York feiert Tokio Hotel". Bild.de. http://www.bild.de/BILD/entertainment/musik/2008/05/05/tokio-hotel/new-york-feiert-tokio-hotel.html. Retrieved October 28, 2008. (German)
- ^ Harris, Chris. "Miley Cyrus To Face Off Against Tokio Hotel For Best New Artist At VMAs". http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1592481/20080808/cyrus__miley.jhtml. Retrieved August 10, 2008.
- ^ "Winners of the 2008 MTV Music Awards". http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5iTXYdFYBVqhaKhmh2xUyoiQRmocAD9329JCG0. Retrieved September 7, 2008.
- ^ "New DVDS: Tokio Hotel TV – Caught on Camera!". Archived from the original on August 22, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080822022313/http://tokiohotel.pop24.de/tokiohotel2/index2_en.php. Retrieved October 28, 2008.
- ^ "Tokio Hotel's New Album Humanoid Due October 2". http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1616548/20090720/tokio_hotel.jhtml?rsspartner=rssMozilla. Retrieved July 20, 2009.
- ^ "Neues Album von Tokio Hotel heißt "Humanoid"". http://www.zeit.de/newsticker/2009/7/20/iptc-bdt-20090720-251-21851364xml. Retrieved July 20, 2009. (German)
- ^ "Tokio Hotel "Humanoid"". http://www.tokiohotel.com/us/. Retrieved July 20, 2009.
- ^ "Neues Album von Tokio Hotel soll bis Anfang Juni erscheinen". http://de.news.yahoo.com/1/20090209/ten-neues-album-von-tokio-hotel-soll-bis-45cd332.html. Retrieved February 15, 2009. [dead link] (German)
- ^ a b Dos Anjos, Barbara, "Bem-vinda ao Tokio Hotel", pg. 29, Capricho, Issue 1050, August 2008
- ^ a b "Drittes Album von Tokio Hotel im Frühjahr 2009". http://www.bild.de/BILD/unterhaltung/telegramm/unterhaltungs-telegramm,rendertext=6274796.html. Retrieved October 28, 2008. (German)
- ^ "Tokio Hotel Announce First Single From Humanoid Album". http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1617983/20090810/tokio_hotel.jhtml. Retrieved August 10, 2009.
- ^ "Automatic and Automatisch Cover Art". http://www.cherrytreerecords.com/profiles/blogs/automatic-and-automatisch. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
- ^ "Tom Kaulitz's Blog". http://www.tokiohotel.com/us/#tom_kaulitz_blog/toms-blog--11-2009-2009-11-.html. Retrieved November 2, 2009.
- ^ "Tokio Hotel American: Official Fanclub". http://www.tokiohotelamerica.com/2010/01/19/bill-will-open-the-show/. Retrieved February 18, 2011.
- ^ "MTV Buzzworthy Blog". http://buzzworthy.mtv.com/2010/01/19/bill-kaulitz-opens-dsquared-fashion-show-in-milan-makes-wwd/. Retrieved February 18, 2011.
- ^ "Tokio Hotel USA". http://www.tokiohotelamerica.com/2010/08/26/kaulitz-twins-and-audi/. Retrieved February 18, 2011.
- ^ a b "MTV Style". http://style.mtv.com/2010/08/09/tokio-hotel-tom-kaulitz-reebok/. Retrieved February 18, 2011.
- ^ Tokio Hotel Working On 'Dark Anthem' For Next Album. Retrieved May 24, 2012.
- ^ App Store — BTK Twins
- ^ BTK Twins - Android Apps on Google Play
- ^ Tokio Hotel are calling wit VIPcall.
- ^ a b TMF AWARDS 2008 Winners TMF Awards 2008 Winners. Retrieved October 11, 2008.
- ^ Tokio Hotel Win Best Group EMAs: Tokio Hotel Win Best Group. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
- ^ Tokio Hotel wins Best Band National CMA Awards Best Band National. Retrieved December 12, 2010.
- ^ Tokio Hotel wins Best Single National CMA Awards Best Single National. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
- ^ a b Bravoora Awards Winners Bravoora Winners. Retrieved March 1, 2011.
- ^ a b Fan Army FTW Winner. Retrieved April 28, 2011.
- ^ MTV Video Music Awards Japan Winners VMAJ Winners. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
- ^ BRAVO OTTO Winner. Retrieved March 22, 2012.
- ^ Mister Winter 2012 : Bill Kaulitz.
- ^ Musical March Madness Champions. Retrieved April 5, 2012.
- ^ Q102's Rocker Boy Bracket Competition Is Back!. Retrieved May, 2012.
External links[link]
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- Official site
- Cherrytree records profile
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- Tokio Hotel on MTV
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