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![Paramore: Pressure [OFFICIAL VIDEO]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130103013708im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/y-MaaxgdUT4/default.jpg "© WMG 2006. Paramore's video for 'Pressure' from their album, All We Know Is Falling, in stores now on Fueled By Ramen. Visit paramore.net for more!")
![Nadia Ali, Starkillers & Alex Kenji - Pressure (Alesso Edit) (Official Music Video) [HD]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130103013708im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/fyqXzbSh3Ko/default.jpg "Join us on Spinnin' Facebook: facebook.com Follow us on Twitter: twitter.com Check out our playlists on Spotify: spoti.fi Join us on G+ : gplus.to Download here: www.beatport.com For iTunes UK / Ireland : UK: bit.ly Ireland: bit.ly More Nadia Ali on Spinnin' facebook: on.fb.me Nadia Ali, Starkillers & Alex Kenji - Pressure ( Alesso Edit ) Official video hd")
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- Aerosinusitis
- Air embolism
- Albert A. Bühlmann
- Albert R. Behnke
- Alternobaric vertigo
- Ambient pressure
- Amount of substance
- Anti fog
- Area
- Artesian well
- Arthur J. Bachrach
- Asphyxia
- Atmosphere (unit)
- Atmospheric pressure
- Atrial septal defect
- Automobile
- Avascular necrosis
- Bar (unit)
- Barodontalgia
- Barostriction
- Barotrauma
- Barye
- Benjamin Thompson
- Bernoulli's equation
- Blaise Pascal
- Blood pressure
- Blood shift
- Blood-air barrier
- Boiling point
- Boyle's law
- Boyle's Law
- Brownian motion
- Brownian ratchet
- Buoyancy
- Caloric theory
- Casimir effect
- Centimeter of water
- Centimeters of water
- Cgs
- Charles Momsen
- Charles' law
- Chemical potential
- Clausius theorem
- Cobra probe
- Cold shock response
- Combined gas law
- Compressibility
- Condense
- Control volume
- Conversion of units
- CO₂ retention
- Dalton's law
- Daniel Bernoulli
- Decibar
- Deep water blackout
- Deflagration
- Dental barotrauma
- Diffusion
- Dive computer
- Divers Alert Network
- Diving chamber
- Diving medicine
- Diving physics
- Douglas G. Giancoli
- Drowning
- Dynamic pressure
- Dyne
- Dysbarism
- Ear clearing
- Edward D. Thalmann
- Enthalpy
- Entropy
- Entropy and life
- Equation of state
- Evaporate
- Explosion
- Felix Hoppe-Seyler
- Fluid
- Fluid dynamics
- Fluid statics
- Force
- Force (physics)
- Force density
- Free entropy
- Free expansion
- Frenzel maneuver
- Gas
- Gas exchange
- Gas laws
- Gauge pressure
- Gay-Lussac's law
- General relativity
- Georg Ernst Stahl
- George F. Bond
- Gibbs free energy
- Gradient
- Gravity
- Heat
- Heat death paradox
- Heat engine
- Henry's law
- History of entropy
- History of heat
- Hydraulic head
- Hydraulics
- Hydrogen narcosis
- Hydrophobe
- Hydrostatic pressure
- Hyperbaric medicine
- Hypercapnia
- Hyperoxia
- Hypothermia
- Hypoxia (medical)
- Ideal gas
- Ideal gas constant
- Ideal gas law
- Immersion diuresis
- Inch of mercury
- InHg
- Internal energy
- Internal pressure
- Inviscid
- Isenthalpic process
- Isentropic process
- Isobaric process
- Isochoric process
- Isothermal process
- Jacques Triger
- James Clerk Maxwell
- James Prescott Joule
- John James Waterston
- John Scott Haldane
- John Smeaton
- Josiah Willard Gibbs
- Kiel probe
- Kilogram-force
- Kinetic theory
- Kip (unit)
- Leonard Erskine Hill
- Lipid
- Liquid
- Liquid bubble
- Loschmidt's paradox
- Mach number
- Manometer
- Maxwell relations
- Maxwell's demon
- Mercury (element)
- Metabolism
- Meteorologist
- Metres sea water
- Microphone
- Millibar
- Molecular diffusion
- Momentum
- Motive power
- Name plates
- Negligible
- Neutral buoyancy
- Neutron star
- Newton (unit)
- Nitrogen narcosis
- Normal (geometry)
- Normal boiling point
- Normal force
- Normocapnia
- Oxygen therapy
- Oxygen toxicity
- Partial pressure
- Particle number
- Pascal (unit)
- Paul Bert
- Perfusion
- Permeation
- Perpendicular
- Phase (matter)
- Pierre Duhem
- Pieze
- Pitot tube
- Polytropic process
- Pound-force
- Poundal
- Power (physics)
- Pressure
- Pressure gauge
- Pressure measurement
- Pressure sensor
- Process function
- Pythagorean cup
- Quasistatic process
- Real gas
- Reduced properties
- Respiratory quotient
- Rubicon Foundation
- Rudolf Clausius
- Scalar (physics)
- Shear stress
- SI
- Simon Mitchell
- Sir Robert Boyle
- Solid
- Solubility
- Solution
- Sound pressure
- Specific weight
- Spouting can
- Square meter
- Stagnation pressure
- State function
- State of matter
- Static pressure
- Sthene
- Stress (mechanics)
- Stress (physics)
- Stress-energy tensor
- Supersaturation
- Surface tension
- Surfactant
- Synergetics (Haken)
- Systemic circulation
- Taravana
- Technical atmosphere
- Temperature
- Tensor
- Theory of heat
- Thermal efficiency
- Thermal expansion
- Thermodynamic cycle
- Thermodynamic state
- Thermodynamic system
- Thermodynamics
- Thermofluids
- Thumbtack
- Tire
- Tissue (biology)
- Ton
- Torr
- Torricellian chamber
- Transpiration pull
- Turgor pressure
- Underwater diving
- Underwater vision
- Vacuum
- Vacuum energy
- Vacuum pump
- Valsalva maneuver
- Van der Waals force
- Vapor
- Vapor pressure
- Vapor quality
- Vector area
- Vis viva
- Viscosity
- Water
- Weight
- William Paul Fife
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Libya
Libya (Arabic: ليبيا Lībyā), Berber: ⵍⵉⴱⵢⴰ) is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.
With an area of almost 1.8 million square kilometres (700,000 sq mi), Libya is the third largest country in Africa by area, and the 17th largest in the world. The largest city, Tripoli, is home to 1.7 million of Libya's 6.4 million people. The three traditional parts of the country are Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica.
In 2009 Libya had the highest HDI in Africa and the fourth highest GDP (PPP) per capita in Africa, behind Seychelles, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world and the 17th-highest petroleum production.
As a result of the Libyan civil war, the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, which had at that time been in existence for 34 years, collapsed and Libya entered a period of governance by a transitional administration called the National Transitional Council. The NTC has stated its intention to oversee the first phase of a transition to constitutional democracy, after which it claims it will dissolve in favor of a representative legislature.
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Ministry of Sound
Coordinates: 51°29′52″N 0°5′57″W / 51.49778°N 0.09917°W / 51.49778; -0.09917
Ministry of Sound London, commonly referred to as simply Ministry of Sound or MoS, is a nightclub based in London, England and an associated record label. It was ranked fourth in the 2010 DJ Magazine top 100 clubs poll 2010. The Ministry of Sound brand also includes various other products such as dance music compilations and clothing.
Ministry of Sound is owned by MSHK Group Limited, which has offices in London, Sydney and Berlin. The Chairman is James Palumbo, who is also the majority shareholder – a small minority share-holding having been sold to private equity house 3i in 2001 – the Chief Executive Officer is Lohan Presencer. MSHK Group has global sales of £80 million and employs up to 500 personnel worldwide. Its mission statement is: "to create the moments that people live for". The company also owns the Hed Kandi, Euphoria, and Hard2Beat brands, and co-owns Ministry of Sound Australia's Hussle Recordings, along with MoSA and Hussle's founder and MoSA's Managing Director/Founder DJ Tim McGee. MSHK Group though Ministry of Sound Australia also own Downright Records, etcetc and Astrx.
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New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. The city is referred to as New York City or The City of New York to distinguish it from the State of New York, of which it is a part. As a global power city, New York exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment. The home of the United Nations Headquarters, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural capital of the world.
Located on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which comprises a state county. The five boroughs—The Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island—were consolidated into a single city in 1898. With a Census-estimated 2011 population of 8,244,910 distributed over a land area of just 305 square miles (790 km2), New York is the most densely populated major city in the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. The New York City Metropolitan Area's population is the United States' largest, with 18.9 million people distributed over 6,720 square miles (17,400 km2), and is also part of the most populous combined statistical area in the United States, containing 22.1 million people as of the 2010 Census.
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Twilo
Twilo was an American nightclub in operation from 1995 to 2001 in New York City and from 2006 to 2007 in Miami. The New York location at 530 West 27th Street in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan regularly attracted a crowd of thousands to its warehouse-like dance floor. Playing host to dozens of legendary DJs from around the world, the club was important in popularizing international styles of house and trance music within the United States.
Twilo usually kept at least one small room open most nights of the week, but the weekends were far busier. Friday nights saw a younger and alternative straight crowd. Twilo regularly featured prominent American and European DJs playing trance, techno, and house music. Sasha and John Digweed had a monthly residency at the club, playing the last Friday of every month. Early in 2001 after Sasha suffered an ear injury in a car accident and was unable to DJ, John Digweed played the entire 8 hour time slot by himself until the closing of the club in May. Other DJs would play frequently such as Paul van Dyk, Carl Cox, Robert Fauver, Richie Hawtin aka (Plastikman), Danny Tenaglia, Merritt, Jeff Mills, Steve Lawler, DJ Dan, and Sven Väth.
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United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km2) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.
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Benjamin Thompson
Sir Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford (in German: Reichsgraf von Rumford), FRS (March 26, 1753 – August 21, 1814) was an American-born British physicist and inventor whose challenges to established physical theory were part of the 19th century revolution in thermodynamics. He also served as a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Loyalist forces in America during the American Revolutionary War. After the end of the war he moved to London where his administrative talents were recognized when he was appointed a full Colonel, and in 1784 received a knighthood from King George III. A prolific designer, he also drew designs for warships. He later moved to Bavaria and entered government service there, being appointed Bavarian Army Minister and re-organizing the army, and, in 1791, was made a Count of the Holy Roman Empire.
Thompson was born in rural Woburn, Massachusetts, on March 26, 1753; his birthplace is preserved as a museum. He was educated mainly at the village school, although he sometimes walked to Cambridge with the older Loammi Baldwin to attend lectures by Professor John Winthrop of Harvard College. At the age of 13 he was apprenticed to John Appleton, a merchant of nearby Salem. Thompson excelled at his trade, and coming in contact with refined and well educated people for the first time, adopted many of their characteristics, including an interest in science. While recuperating in Woburn in 1769 from an injury, Thompson conducted experiments concerning the nature of heat and began to correspond with Loammi Baldwin and others about them. Later that year, he worked for a few months for a Boston shopkeeper and then apprenticed himself briefly, and unsuccessfully, to a doctor in Woburn.
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Blaise Pascal
Blaise Pascal (French pronunciation: [blɛz paskal]; 19 June 1623 – 19 August 1662), was a French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer and Catholic philosopher. He was a child prodigy who was educated by his father, a tax collector in Rouen. Pascal's earliest work was in the natural and applied sciences where he made important contributions to the study of fluids, and clarified the concepts of pressure and vacuum by generalizing the work of Evangelista Torricelli. Pascal also wrote in defense of the scientific method.
In 1642, while still a teenager, he started some pioneering work on calculating machines, and after three years of effort and 50 prototypes he invented the mechanical calculator. He built twenty of these machines (called the Pascaline) in the following ten years. Pascal was an important mathematician, helping create two major new areas of research: he wrote a significant treatise on the subject of projective geometry at the age of sixteen, and later corresponded with Pierre de Fermat on probability theory, strongly influencing the development of modern economics and social science. Following Galileo and Torricelli, in 1646 he refuted Aristotle's followers who insisted that nature abhors a vacuum. Pascal's results caused many disputes before being accepted.
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Charles Momsen
Charles Bowers Momsen (June 21, 1896 – May 25, 1967), nicknamed "Swede", was born in Flushing, New York. He was an American pioneer in submarine rescue for the United States Navy, and he invented the underwater escape device later called the "Momsen lung", for which he received the Distinguished Service Medal in 1929. In May 1939, Momsen directed the rescue of the crew of Squalus (SS-192).
Momsen entered the U.S. Naval Academy in 1914, but he was ejected due to a widespread cheating scandal during the spring of his first year there. However, Momsen pursued another appointment to the Academy, received it, repeated his plebe year, and graduated in 1919 — one year early, due to the involvement of the United States in World War I.
From 1919 to 1921, Momsen served in the battleship Oklahoma (BB-37). In 1921, he entered the Submarine School in New London, Connecticut, graduating in January 1922. 18 months later, he took command of the aging submarine O-15 (SS-76). A few years later, he was given command of S-1 (SS-105), the newest Navy-designed submarine.
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Daniel Bernoulli
Daniel Bernoulli (Groningen, 29 January 1700 – Basel, 17 March 1782) was a Swiss mathematician and was one of the many prominent mathematicians in the Bernoulli family. He is particularly remembered for his applications of mathematics to mechanics, especially fluid mechanics, and for his pioneering work in probability and statistics. Bernoulli's work is still studied at length by many schools of science throughout the world.
Daniel Bernoulli was born in Groningen, in the Netherlands, into a family of distinguished mathematicians. The son of Johann Bernoulli (one of the "early developers" of calculus), nephew of Jakob Bernoulli (who "was the first to discover the theory of probability"), and older brother of Johann II, Daniel Bernoulli has been described as "by far the ablest of the younger Harpers". He is said to have had a bad relationship with his father, Johann. Upon both of them entering and tying for first place in a scientific contest at the University of Paris, Johann, unable to bear the "shame" of being compared as Daniel's equal, banned Daniel from his house. Johann Bernoulli also plagiarized some key ideas from Daniel's book Hydrodynamica in his own book Hydraulica which he backdated to before Hydrodynamica. Despite Daniel's attempts at reconciliation, his father carried the grudge until his death.
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Georg Ernst Stahl
Georg Ernst Stahl (October 22, 1659 – May 24, 1734) was a German chemist and physician.
He was born at Ansbach. Having graduated in medicine at the University of Jena in 1683, he became court physician to Duke Johann Ernst of Sachsen Weimar in 1687. From 1694 to 1716 he held the chair of medicine at Halle, and was then appointed physician to King Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia in Berlin. He died in Berlin.
In chemistry he is chiefly remembered in part with the obsolete phlogiston theory, the essentials of which, however, he owed to J.J. Becher. He also propounded a view of fermentation which in some respects resembles that supported by Justus von Liebig a century and half later. In medicine he professed an animistic system, in opposition to the materialism of Hermann Boerhaave and Friedrich Hoffmann.
He hypothesized that all matter had a vital force, or a soul of sorts. He burned wood, and crediting the lower mass of the ashes compared to the original wood to the leaving of the vital force, because the wood had been killed in the process of burning. This theory was replaced by that of Antoine Lavoisier.
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James Clerk Maxwell
James Clerk Maxwell of GlenlairFRS FRSE (13 June 1831 – 5 November 1879) was a Scottishphysicist and mathematician. His most prominent achievement was formulating classical electromagnetic theory. This unites all previously unrelated observations, experiments, and equations of electricity, magnetism, and optics into a consistent theory.Maxwell's equations demonstrate that electricity, magnetism and light are all manifestations of the same phenomenon, namely the electromagnetic field. Subsequently, all other classic laws or equations of these disciplines became simplified cases of Maxwell's equations. Maxwell's achievements concerning electromagnetism have been called the "second great unification in physics", after the first one realised by Isaac Newton.
Maxwell demonstrated that electric and magnetic fields travel through space in the form of waves and at the constant speed of light. In 1865, Maxwell published A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field. It was with this that he first proposed that light was in fact undulations in the same medium that is the cause of electric and magnetic phenomena. His work in producing a unified model of electromagnetism is one of the greatest advances in physics.
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James Prescott Joule
James Prescott Joule FRS (
/dʒuːl/; 24 December 1818 – 11 October 1889) was an English physicist and brewer, born in Salford, Lancashire. Joule studied the nature of heat, and discovered its relationship to mechanical work (see energy). This led to the theory of conservation of energy, which led to the development of the first law of thermodynamics. The SI derived unit of energy, the joule, is named after him. He worked with Lord Kelvin to develop the absolute scale of temperature, made observations on magnetostriction, and found the relationship between the current through resistance and the heat dissipated, now called Joule's law.
The son of Benjamin Joule (1784–1858), a wealthy brewer, and Alice Prescott Joule, James Prescott Joule was born in the house adjoining the Joule Brewery in New Bailey Street, Salford 24 December 1818. James was tutored at the family home 'Broomhill', Pendlebury, near Salford, until 1834 when he was sent with his elder brother Benjamin, to study with John Dalton at the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society. The pair only received two years' education in arithmetic and geometry before Dalton was forced to retire owing to a stroke. However, Dalton's influence made a lasting impression as did that of his associates, chemist William Henry and Manchester engineers Peter Ewart and Eaton Hodgkinson. Joule was subsequently tutored by John Davies. Fascinated by electricity, he and his brother experimented by giving electric shocks to each other and to the family's servants.
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John James Waterston
John James Waterston (1811 – 18 June 1883) was a Scottish physicist, a neglected pioneer of the kinetic theory of gases.
Waterston's father, George, was an Edinburgh sealing wax manufacturer and stationer, a relative of the Sandeman family Robert and his brother, George. John was born, the sixth of nine children, into a family alive with interests in literature, science and music. He was educated at Edinburgh High School before becoming apprenticed as a civil engineer to Messrs. Grainger and Miller. His employers encouraged him to attend lectures at the University of Edinburgh. He studied mathematics and physics under Sir John Leslie as well as attending lectures in chemistry, anatomy and surgery and becoming an active participant in the student literary society.
At age nineteen, Waterston published a paper proposing a mechanical explanation of gravitation, accounting for action at a distance in terms of colliding particles and discussing interactions between linear and rotational motion that would play a part in his later kinetic theory.
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John Scott Haldane
John Scott Haldane CH FRS (May 3, 1860 – March 14/March 15, 1936) was a Scottish physiologist famous for intrepid self-experimenting which led to many important discoveries about the human body and the nature of gases. He also used his son J. B. S. Haldane as a guinea pig, even when he was quite young. John Haldane locked himself in sealed chambers breathing lethal cocktails of gases while recording their effect on his mind and body. He visited the scenes of many mining disasters and investigated their causes. When the Germans used poison gas in World War I Haldane went to the front at the request of British secretary of state, Lord Kitchener and attempted to identify the gases being used. One outcome of this was his invention of the first gas mask [1]. His son, J.B.S. Haldane became equally famous, both by extending his father's interest in diving and as a key figure in the development of the modern evolutionary synthesis.
Haldane was born in Edinburgh. He was the son of Robert Haldane and the grandson of the Scottish evangelist James Alexander Haldane. His mother was Mary Elizabeth Burdon-Sanderson, the daughter of Richard Burdon-Sanderson and the granddaughter of Sir Thomas Burdon. His maternal uncle was the physiologist John Scott Burdon-Sanderson. He was the brother of Elizabeth Haldane, William Stowell Haldane and Richard Burdon Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane.
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John Smeaton
John Smeaton, FRS, (8 June 1724 – 28 October 1792) was an English civil engineer responsible for the design of bridges, canals, harbours and lighthouses. He was also a capable mechanical engineer and an eminent physicist. Smeaton was the first self-proclaimed civil engineer, and often regarded as the "father of civil engineering".
He was associated with the Lunar Society.
Smeaton was born in Austhorpe, Leeds, England. After studying at Leeds Grammar School he joined his father's law firm, but left to become a mathematical instrument maker (working with Henry Hindley), developing, among other instruments, a pyrometer to study material expansion and a whirling speculum or horizontal top (a maritime navigation aid).
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1753, and in 1759 won the Copley Medal for his research into the mechanics of waterwheels and windmills. His 1759 paper "An Experimental Enquiry Concerning the Natural Powers of Water and Wind to Turn Mills and Other Machines Depending on Circular Motion" addressed the relationship between pressure and velocity for objects moving in air (Smeaton noted that the table doing so was actually contributed by "my friend Mr Rouse" "an ingenious gentleman of Harborough, Leicestershire" and calculated on the basis of Rouse's experiments), and his concepts were subsequently developed to devise the 'Smeaton Coefficient'.
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Josiah Willard Gibbs
Josiah Willard Gibbs (February 11, 1839 – April 28, 1903) was an American scientist who made important theoretical contributions to physics, chemistry, and mathematics. His work on the applications of thermodynamics was instrumental in transforming physical chemistry into a rigorous deductive science. Together with James Clerk Maxwell and Ludwig Boltzmann, he created statistical mechanics (a term which he coined), explaining the laws of thermodynamics in terms of the statistical properties of large ensembles of particles. As a mathematician, he invented modern vector calculus (independently of Oliver Heaviside).
In 1863, Yale University awarded Gibbs the first American doctorate in engineering. After a three-year sojourn in Europe, Gibbs spent the rest of his career at Yale, where he was professor of mathematical physics. Working in relative isolation, he became the earliest theoretical scientist in the United States to earn an international reputation and was praised by Albert Einstein as "the greatest mind in American history." In 1901 Gibbs received what was then considered the highest honor awarded by the international scientific community, the Copley Medal of the Royal Society of London, "for his contributions to mathematical physics."
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Leonard Erskine Hill
Sir Leonard Erskine Hill FRS (2 June 1866, Bruce Castle, Tottenham - 30 March 1952, Corton, Suffolk) was a British physiologist. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1900 and was knighted in 1930. One of his sons was the epidemiologist and statistician Austin Bradford Hill. His father was George Birkbeck Hill, the famous scholar and commentator on the works of Samuel Johnson, who at the time of his birth was head master of Bruce Castle School.
Sir Leonard Erskine Hill attended Haileybury College. He later received his MB from University College, London in 1890. In 1931, he received an honorary LLD from the University of Aberdeen.
Hill's work on blood pressure led him to believe "the arterial pressure can be taken in man as rapidly, simply, and accurately as the temperature can be taken with the clinical thermometer". This work developed into the Hill's sign.
Hill performed research into decompression sickness, oxygen toxicity, and effects of carbon dioxide in diving.
Hill advocated linear or uniform decompression profiles. This type of decompression is used today by saturation divers. His work was financed by Augustus Siebe and the Siebe Gorman Company.
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Paul Bert
Paul Bert (17 October 1833 – 11 November 1886) was a French zoologist, physiologist and politician. He is sometimes given the sobriquet "Father of Aviation Medicine".
Bert was born at Auxerre (Yonne). He entered the École polytechnique at Paris with the intention of becoming an engineer; then changing his mind, he studied law; and finally, under the influence of the zoologist, Louis Pierre Gratiolet (1815–1865), he took up physiology, becoming one of Claude Bernard's most brilliant pupils. After graduating at Paris as doctor of medicine in 1863, and doctor of science in 1866, he was appointed professor of physiology successively at Bordeaux (1866) and the Sorbonne (1869).
After the "Commune de Paris" (1870) he began to take part in politics as a supporter of Gambetta. In 1874 he was elected to the Assembly, where he sat on the extreme left, and in 1876 to the chamber of deputies. He was one of the most determined enemies of clericalism, and an ardent advocate of "liberating national education from religious sects, while rendering it accessible to every citizen."
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Pierre Duhem
Pierre Maurice Marie Duhem ([pjˈɛʁ moʁˈis maʁˈi dyˈɛm] (
listen); 9 June 1861 – 14 September 1916) was a French physicist, mathematician and philosopher of science, best known for his writings on the indeterminacy of experimental criteria and on scientific development in the Middle Ages. Duhem also made major contributions to the science of his day, particularly in the fields of hydrodynamics, elasticity, and thermodynamics.
Duhem's views on the philosophy of science are explicated in The Aim and Structure of Physical Theory. In this work, he opposed Newton's statement that the Principia's law of universal mutual gravitation was deduced from 'phenomena', including Kepler's second and third laws. Newton's claims in this regard had already been attacked by critical proof-analyses of the German logician Leibniz and then most famously by Immanuel Kant, following Hume's logical critique of induction. But the novelty of Duhem's work was his proposal that Newton's theory of universal mutual gravity flatly contradicted Kepler's Laws of planetary motion because the interplanetary mutual gravitational perturbations caused deviations from Keplerian orbits. Since no proposition can be validly logically deduced from any it contradicts, according to Duhem, Newton must not have logically deduced his law of gravitation directly from Kepler's Laws.
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Rudolf Clausius
Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius (Born Rudolf Gottlieb, 2 January 1822 – 24 August 1888), was a German physicist and mathematician and is considered one of the central founders of the science of thermodynamics. By his restatement of Sadi Carnot's principle known as the Carnot cycle, he put the theory of heat on a truer and sounder basis. His most important paper, On the mechanical theory of heat, published in 1850, first stated the basic ideas of the second law of thermodynamics. In 1865 he introduced the concept of entropy.
Clausius was born in Köslin (now Koszalin) in the Province of Pomerania. He started his education at the school of his father. After a few years, he went to the Gymnasium in Stettin (now Szczecin). Clausius graduated from the University of Berlin in 1844 where he studied mathematics and physics with, among others, Gustav Magnus, Johann Dirichlet and Jakob Steiner. He also studied history with Leopold von Ranke. During 1847, he got his doctorate from the University of Halle on optical effects in the Earth's atmosphere. He then became professor of physics at the Royal Artillery and Engineering School in Berlin and Privatdozent at the Berlin University. In 1855 he became professor at the ETH Zürich, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich, where he stayed until 1867. During that year, he moved to Würzburg and two years later, in 1869 to Bonn.
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Simon Mitchell
Simon Mitchell (BHB, MBChB, DipDHM, DipOccMed, PhD) (born 1958) is a New Zealand physician specializing in occupational medicine, hyperbaric medicine and anesthesiology. Trained in medicine, Dr Mitchell was awarded a PhD for his work on neuroprotection from embolic brain injury. Mitchell has also published more than 45 research and review papers in the medical literature. Mitchell is an author and avid technical diver. He also wrote two chapters of the latest edition of Bennett and Elliott's Physiology and Medicine of Diving and is the co-author of the diving textbook Deeper Into Diving with John Lippmann.
Mitchell received a Bachelor of Human Biology (BHB) in 1988 and later a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MB ChB) in 1990 from the University of Auckland. In 2001, Diploma in Occupational Medicine (DipOccMed) from the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society. Mitchell then went on to complete a Doctor of Philosophy in Medicine (PhD) in 2001 and Diploma in Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine (DipDHM) in 1995 from the University of Auckland. Mitchell received his Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists (ANZCA) Certificate in Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine in 2003, and became a Fellow of the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists (FANZCA) in 2008.
wn.com/Simon_Mitchell -
William Paul Fife
Colonel William Paul "Bill" Fife USAF (Ret) (November 23, 1917 – October 13, 2008) was a United States Air Force officer that first proved the feasibility for U.S. Air Force Security Service airborne Communications Intelligence (COMINT) collection and Fife is considered the "Father of Airborne Intercept". Fife was also a hyperbaric medicine specialist who was known for his pioneering research on pressurized environments ranging from high altitude to underwater habitats. Fife was a Professor Emeritus at Texas A&M University.
Fife began his training in anatomy from the University of Washington in 1935 and had started his first year of medical school when World War II began. Fife earned a bachelor of science in biology from the University of Oregon in 1956. He later completed a Ph.D. in physiology at Ohio State University in 1962.
Fife was a Certified Hyperbaric Technologist (CHT) through the National Board of Diving and Hyperbaric Medical Technology.
Fife left medical school and was commissioned Second Lieutenant in U.S. Army in June 1939. Fife then reported to the 15th Infantry at Fort Lewis, Washington for training in Aug 1940. After receiving his basic infantry training, he reported to the 60th Infantry at Fort Bragg in North Carolina where he served as an Assistant Operations Officer in September 1940. Fife volunteered for the 18th class of Parachute Jump School in Fort Benning, Georgia in April 1942. Following his training in May 1942, he joined the newly formed 503rd parachute infantry battalion as Company Commander. As Company Commanding Officer of the 503rd parachute infantry regiment in Sept 1943, Fife led his company in a jump in the Markham Valley, New Guinea. This was the first successful airborne combat jump in the Pacific Theater of Operations. His first combat jump was planned with the ground elevation 500 feet lower than it actually was and Fife found himself in a coconut tree. Fife had completed 35 training and combat jumps by the time WWII ended.
wn.com/William_Paul_Fife
- Neil Young
- kinks
- Michael Jackson
- Gary Numan
- Iggy Pop
- Busta Rhymes
- Billy Joel
- Lupe Fiasco
- Anathema
- Staind
- Paramore
- Threshold
- Jump5
- Sheek Louch
- Fishbone
- Criminal
- Rapture
- Officer Negative
- Sacred Reich
- Maysa
- Reset
- Children Within
- Seeed
- My So-called Life Soundtrack
- Killer Mike
- Skindred
- Monster Squad
- Nadia Ali
- Carptree
- Twelfth Night
- Negative Approach
- Mors Principium Est
- Budapest
- Thavius Beck
- Rains
- Spudmonsters
- Crashdog
- D-sailors
- Rusko
- Almost Home
karaoke
A funny thing
happened yesterday
I felt the pressure
in a brand new way
It kept hitting me
from all directions
I got this feeling
I was cracking up
My knees were shaking and
I couldn't close my eyes
I fought to gain control
and make corrections
A funny thing
happened yesterday
I felt the pressure
in a TV way.
Don't feel, don't feel
Feel pressure from me
Don't feel, don't feel
No pressure from me
Don't feel, don't feel
Feel pressure from me.
You watch the box
and the video jocks
If you could talk that
could even be you up there
That's why you need
max head room
Too much pressure
for peace on earth
Too much tryin'
to get your money's worth
Too much dying
The Eldorado,
the Mercedes Benz
The job security
that never ends.
Don't feel, don't feel
Feel pressure from me
Don't feel, don't feel
No pressure from me
Don't feel, don't feel
Feel pressure from me
Don't feel, don't feel
No pressure from me.
I feel the pressure
building every night
One of these days I'm gonna
go out like a light
Oh, baby
I feel the pressure
building every night
One of these days I'm gonna
Pressure pressure I got pressure, oh yeah, oh yeah, oh yeah
Pressure pressure I got pressure, oh yeah
I don't really want to give it to you
'Cos it's really contagious
You can pick it up anywhere
And it can be quite dangerous
You can spread it mouth to mouth
You can even get it when you're alone
But I can always live with it
Whenever I am close to you
Pressure pressure I got pressure, oh yeah, oh yeah, oh yeah
Pressure pressure I got pressure
I get it driving in my motor car
I get it when I'm drinking in a bar
I get it riding on the subway
I get it regular every day
And anyone who never had it yet
And doesn't know what I'm going through
But I forget the pressure
When I am close to you
Altogether now-Oh yeah, oh yeah, oh yeah
Oh yeah, oh yeah, oh yeah
Pressure pressure I got pressure Oh yeah. oh yeah. oh yeah
Pressure pressure FEEL THE PRESSURE
You got the pressure and that's a fact
I can tell by the way you act
And I can tell that you're pressurised
By the look that's in your eyes
I know the pressure 'cos I've got it too
So I know what you're going through
But I forget the pressure
Why can't you admit
You've done of what's you've told
Like the dog waiting for the bone
You greed, can't you, just tell the truth
You did what you have to,
And so you decided to sold me, out (for the money)
Tonight you'll suffer,
Of what pressure you made me go trough,
So this time, the revenge will be mine
And I'll give it all back to you
Close your eyes and count to the ten,
This won't take a long, just a few seconds (left ahead)
It doesn't hurt so much either, I'll promise it
(From all my heart, why would I lie to you my friend)
The pain you made, the pressure you gave
I held it all, inside of me 'til I past
Now I shall salute you, the assassin of 2012
Are you clapping your hands together, that's what I assume
Tonight you'll suffer with the endless pain,
Dying while dreaming of my forgiveness,
So this time, I feel like I win
You should just left me on my own
And take those steps back before you told
That you can be trusted but seems like you don't
Tonight you'll suffer,
Of what pressure you made me go trough,
So this time, the revenge will be mine
And I'll give it all back to you
Tonight you'll suffer,
Of what pressure you made me go trough,
Here is my
Small black box
Filled with hurt
Sent by you
Here is my
Small black book
Filled with lies
Told by you
Here is my
small black house
Filled with fear
Thanks to you
Here is my
Small black heart
Filled with shame
Left by you
See I
See I Don't know
And I don't feel the pressure
And I don't feel the pressure
Here is my
Small black doubt
Filled by tears
Cried for you
here is my
Small black wish
Filled by dreams
Lost by you
See I
See I Don't know
And I don't feel the pressure
Sooner or later baby
I'm gonna squeeze you just like a tomato
Sonner or later baby
I'll probably peel you like some old potato
Just give me some pleasure
It's my life
Sooner or later baby
I'm gonna bleed you
Sooner or later baby
You're gonna feel something for me
Just give me some pleasure
It's my life
I gotta do that
I gotta do that
Just give me some pleasure
It's my life
Just give me pleasure
I got no wife
Just give me pleasure
I got no wife
It's my pleasure
I got no wife
It's my pleasure
That's what I'm living for
I gotta do that
I gotta do that
Pleasure
Pleasure
Give me some pleasure please
Pleasure
Give me some pleasure please
I'm gonna squeeze you like tomato
I'm gonna peel you like a what?
LIke a potato
It's my life
It's just my life
It's just my life
[Hook]
Yeah we see you buss a bottle at your little table stunting
and we coming by the bar and get to fucking up your fronting
Putting pressure on 'em
We puttin' pressure on 'em
We puttin' pressure on 'em
We puttin' pressure on 'em
Okay we see you in your Phantom acting cocky with your mrs
Yeah you ballin', til you see us pull up with 9 of them bitches
Puttin pressure on 'em
We puttin' pressure on 'em
We puttin' pressure on 'em
We puttin' pressure on 'em
[Busta Rhymes - Verse 1]
Eh, eh-yo, when we do this shit
Now tell me why is you competing
When I be that type of nigga that get money when I'm sleeping
And when I'm farting and shittin' I cop countries on the weekends
So ambitious my accountants got continence when I'm eating for me
Bussa buss the most diamonds and start retreating and beat the street up
Shit be sounding remarkable when I'm speaking homie
Huge rechargable batteries, bitch I'm tweaking
Short circuit electric chair voltage is every feature?
Like I'm short for breath drowning in money rushes
Fuck a blunt bitch I'm inhaling muffle, smoke from buses?
I defend my money like soldiers, I come to punish
Defence mechanisms from infections the way that puss is
Aint no fucking around, I'm frontin, get it
As for getting this bread, I'm like vomit so disgusting with it
Here's my other alias, don't forget it
Call me snow blower, blowing this bread like it's nothing with it
[Hook]
[Lil Wayne]
Weezy F baby man, I gotta put the pressure on 'em
Young Money the special team, we so Devin Hestor on 'em
Right up on your girl lips, got my dick resting on 'em
Soon as it woke up, it came and left it on 'em
Swag with no effort on him
Quicker than a leopard on 'em
If he got beef watch me sprinkle salt and pepper on 'em
No spinderella, just plenty metal for any fellow
Semi settle everything for me and everything for me
Smoking on that G13 and everything funny
Especially y'all bitch ass niggas, kiss ass niggas
Blood gang, 6 flags nigga, no rollercoaster
Real shit, we hold the bread, the hoes hold the toasters
Young Casanova, I bend they asses over
She say my dick stronger than a six pack of cola
Man I'm so fly, I got arachnophobia
Pressure bust pipes but Weezy bust twice
You have to learn to pace yourself
Pressure
You're just like everybody else
Pressure
You've only had to run so far
So good
But you will come to a place
Where the only thing you feel
Are loaded guns in your face
And you'll have to deal with
Pressure
You used to call me paranoid
Pressure
But even you can not avoid
Pressure
You turned the tap dance into your crusade
Now here you are with your faith
And your Peter Pan advice
You have no scars on your face
And you cannot handle pressure
All grown up and no place to go
Psych 1, Psych 2
What do you know?
All your life is Channel 13
Sesame Street
What does it mean?
Pressure
Pressure
Don't ask for help
You're all alone
Pressure
You'll have to answer
To your own
Pressure
I'm sure you'll have some cosmic rationale
But here you are in the ninth
Two men out and three men on
Nowhere to look but inside
Where we all respond to
Pressure
Pressure
All your life is Time Magazine
I read it too
What does it mean?
Pressure
I'm sure you'll have some cosmic rationale
But here you are with your faith
And your Peter Pan advice
You have no scars on your face
And you cannot handle pressure
Pressure, pressure
One, two, three, four
Roc-A-Fella, 1st AND!!
Jay... Lupe!
Yeah, uhh
And so it seems that I'm, sewin jeans
And, 1st and 15 is just a sewin machine
So I, cut the pattern and I, sew in seams
And, button in this hustlin then publically I'm Buddy Lee
There's no bustin them and cuffin them is like
usherin in the regime, they want me to make Prince pants
But I withstand, I ain't gotten into that
A little big in the waist, two-pocket on the back
Call them Nu-vi's, O.G.'s covered in blue dye
Give 'em the game, that's like givin chocolate to the fat
Look, how you think I got here?
That's the same game that came through where I lived as a kid
in the bad luck truck and threw boxes off the back
Made me a ripper, deliver like river
Content a little more thicker, slicker
Yeah, and they said oil and water don't mix
Now they all down at the beach washin off the fish
Was Blackbeard 'til I brought the Roc into your ships
YEAH!
It's my life, my life - everything I dooo I dooooo for you
I do it all for you - everything I say you knowwww it's the truth
I'll say it is the truth - I'll take all the pressure offff of you
Take pressure off of you; I'll take, the pressure off of you
YEAH!
Uhh, it's hella proper (proper)
Cause it sag so low you can see boxer, like a boxer's
That's the way that the Family's pants worn
Then we slide, and try and put 'em on
The stones in the pocket'll drag you down to Davy Jones locker
Beware if you wanna Roc the Knickerbocker
Other nigga from the block what, they was sellin O's
like Wheel of Fortune, of imported cocaine
just to feel important, it was +Do or Die+
They was tired of bein "Po' Pimps," now for sure
That was just a product of my common sense
I guess, I was just guessin like the consonants
Momma said beware of what the devil do
Tell 'em that your soul's not for sale like the W's
So go ahead and pirate, the highest
cannons make you leak like pirated my shhh..
It's no shhh.. it's just shhh like quiet
And big homey's out of retirement
Uhh, Young, uhh
So the pen is mightier than the sword my lord
My first picture was a line-up, now I'm on the Forbes
And I still remain the artiste through thees all
If you force my hand I'll be forced to "draw"
If the war calls for war halls
Hope you got enough space on your hall's walls
I make niggaz murals, then escape the bureau's
investigation, out in Europe on vacation
I'm back for these puppies with the pound boy
(Blaow) Here's a round boy (blaow blaow) down boy
Sound boy, you don't wanna soundclash loud noise
leave niggaz paranoid if not paralyzed
Which means you can't walk in my shoes
Too much green you can't talk in my hue
Extend the team, nigga holla at Lu'
As the pressure grows
and these feelings flow
Trample on bodies,
bodies in holes of faith
Times I've asked the lord
for forgiveness
while kept under a spell
of a sweating locust's breath
No need to tell me
'cos its written on your face
Sliding down now
with the black lights shining
I don't care where you go you won't get away from me
Black as the night is day filled with no sympathy
Marching down the hall for a misery
I don't care where you go you won't get away from me
You won't get away from me X2
Get away from me
You won't get away from me
Mouth tastes of sick
my stomach twisting inside
Everything's wrong
and I can't get away
The gravity of fear
you can feel it coming near
It's coming straight for you,
it'll twist and drag you down
I don't care where you go you won't get away from me
Black as the night is day filled with no sympathy
Marching down the hall for a misery
I don't care where you go you won't get away from me
You won't get away from me X2
Get away from me
I just need this to be all right
I can't feel this another night
I can't take this I come unglued
I just need this to be alright
I can't feel this another night
I can't take this I come unglued
I might breakdown in front of you
necessary to medicate
I'm not sleeping, can't stay awake
Can't see through this
Too much pressure
Drowning in this
Too much pressure
If you need me I'll be here
Half unconscious to escape my fear
I can't take this I come unglued
I might breakdown in front of you
necessary to medicate
I'm not sleeping, can't stay awake
Can't see through this
Too much pressure
Drowning in this
Too much pressure
My head hurts this shit isn't getting me high
My chest is so tight am I going to die
My stomach's in knots and the room starts to spin
As I wait for this valium to slowly kick in
Can't see through this
Too much pressure
Drowning in this
Too much pressure
Tell me where our time went
And if it was time well spent
Just don't let me fall asleep
Feeling empty again
'Cause I fear I might break
And I fear I can't take it
Tonight I'll lie awake feeling empty
I can feel the pressure, it's getting closer now
We're better off without you
I can feel the pressure, it's getting closer now
We're better off without you
Now that I'm losing hope
And there's nothing else to show
For all of the days that we spent
Carried away from home
Some things I'll never know
And I had to let them go
I'm sitting all alone feeling empty
I can feel the pressure, it's getting closer now
We're better off without you
I can feel the pressure, it's getting closer now
We're better off without you
Without you
Some things I'll never know
And I had to let them go
Some things I'll never know
And I had to let them go
I'm sitting all alone feeling empty
I can feel the pressure, it's getting closer now
We're better off without you
Feel the pressure, it's getting closer now
i can't see in front of me i feel blind to my sentence
my assumed autonomy is all steeped in dependence
i'm breaking inside
i watch time delimiting but i don't see the answers
i know gain's diminishing but i'm wasting my chances
i'm breaking inside
my head's above the water but i just can't fight the tide
till the pressure subsides
all you see reflects on me
how can it be forever
all i do reflects on you
now do you feel the pressure
with all things permissible i can't stem the pollution
and no hand invisible can assure resolution
i'm breaking inside
my head cries out for stillness but i just can't find the time
till the pressure subsides
all you see reflects on me
how can it be forever
all i do reflects on you
now do you feel the pressure
all i know will come and go
you can't have it all together
all you ask will come to pass
now do you feel the pressure
i'm breaking inside
my head's above the water but i just can't fight the tide
till the pressure subsides
all you see reflects on me
how can it be forever
all i do reflects on you
now do you feel the pressure
all i know will come and go
you can't have it all together
all you ask will come to pass
now do you feel the pressure
Dont try to make me make mistakes
I won't forget
I don't need you to tell me
What i need to do
Just give it time, you'll see that I, I have a mind
And it's made up
And it's made up
I wanna be friends with you
Gonna do what i have to do
Cause its right, ya its right, thats all right
Don't pressure me
Dont push me too far
I wanna do right with all my heart
Don't pressure me
What about your self-respect?
Im not like that
Im not like that
Dont have to prove
Nothing to you
There's no excuse
I've got a faith you
Need to take a second look
My friend, you need to understand
I have a mind
And I'ts made up
And I'ts made up
I wanna be friends with you
Gonna do what i have to do
Cause its right, ya its right, thats all right
Don't pressure me
Dont push me too far
I wanna do right with all my heart
Don't pressure me
What about your self-respect?
Im not like that
Im not like that
Don't have any doubt
What my life's about
I'm gonna show you
This is not my way
You can't take that away
Don't even try to
Don't pressure me
Dont push me too far
I wanna do right with all my heart
Don't pressure me
What about your self-respect?
Im not like that
Im not like that
[girl singing]
What do we do
Ooooooh - what do we do, what do we do
Pressure, pressure - what do we do to do
[Sheek Louch]
Let's go
They say they want me to chill
How you rappin is like you sayin to go out and kill
I hear so much of this nonsense
Like brother you a role model, you supposed to rap like you concious
(For what?) Even if that was true, understand
I'm a man before anything, rap is what I do
And I'm somebody's father
Like if my baby boy in a jam I won't grab the revolver
Sometimes not even that
I ain't sittin around talkin 'bout slavery is holdin me back
Out East you would think this the Western
I don't mean to be rude, but you can chill with all those silly suggestions
When the pressure is on, your morals is gone
Can't believe your face is torn (oh!)
I don't condone it, but I'm willin to loan it
Just relax, go home, hit me up on the horn, got you
[Chorus: girl singing]
For this life... piece of mind
The streets are filled with priiiide
Too young to die, so the bullets fly
The streets are filled with priiiide - pressure, pressure
[Sheek Louch]
I know she tryin to be cool for her friends
I know he tryin to front for her in the Benz (yeah)
But he ain't watchin where he drivin and drunk (uh-uh)
Hit somebody whip and dude talkin 'bout poppin the trunk
But can't go out like a punk (nah)
Shots go off, and his friends no longer think that he's soft (brrap)
Now it's time for the bail
And momma got a slight heart problem cause her son is in jail (damn)
And no one's keepin it real (uh-uh)
The lawyers is riffin, block phone calls, messages skippin
And shorty don't even visit
She too busy in the mall with your re-up money, tryin to live it
When he come out shit he flipped
Cause his son is in the backseat with some other nigga pushin his whip
(That's my son) This kind of pressure for real
Got at least like 6 out of 10 blacks sittin in jail, damn
[Chorus]
[Sheek Louch]
This brother comin from work (yeah)
9 to 5, minimum wage, his boss is a jerk
He can't stand bein broke (uh-uh)
He get off the bus to get him a beer and somethin to smoke
He think about gettin coke
His family is hungry, it's dead real, no longer a joke
But he ain't made for the streets
This ain't back then, these lil' dudes now carryin heat
Think he can pump where he want, it's the first of the month
Makin mad sales right in the front (what?)
Duke and them gettin mad (yo whattup?) things startin to get bad
'Bout to follow homey home to his pad (him right there)
But he can't let that ride
He pull out the thing and tell his baby momma go in and hide
(Get the baby in the house) So many put on a stretcher
I'm willin to bet'cha, it's the pressure, c'mon
[Chorus]
[girl singing]
(A. Moore, K. Jones)
Fear is the curse and today's word is PRESSURE
Too long to count the worry and the strife
Speed Racer, Takin' in that PRESSURE
PRESSURE is the fear, PRESSURE is the tear
Twist that torcher, torch that PRESSURE
Burnin', verbal arm twisting, PRESSURE ear pinching
No remorse, no glory
I sit in the jail cell and I think about that PRESSURE
Thrive no jive, on this mess y'all
Female sittin' on my face, no Lord!
PRESSURE me, huh but nonetheless
This PRESSURE mess, PRESSURE mess is the best
PRESSURE
Is runnin', Runnin' out of time
Boy u better git your ass home quick
You shorly lie when you get high
On that PRESSURE, PRESSURE kick
PRESSURE!?
PRESSURE!
PRESSURE!
PRESSURE!
PRESSURE!
PRESSURE when I sit down!
PRESSURE when I git up!
When I sleep at night
Nightmares make me fight PRESSURE
PRESSURE whin uhm vexed
PRESSURE whin I c mie x
Prayin' 4 a breather, but whenz it comin' next?
Oh this world, oh this PRESSURE!
PRESSURE hardened on me there's no help yeh!
It's the pear, It's the fear...PRESSURE!
Cheatin' out the fat man!
PRESSURE joke's only for the PRESSURE folks...
Fat man, livin' in a skinny land
PRESSURE is runnin'
Runnin' out of time
Boy u better git your asshole stitched (a fabricated cover-up)
You surely lie when you get high on this
PRESSURE! PRESSURE kick!
PRESSURE!
PRESSURE!
PRESSURE!
PRESSURE!
When your hair's turnin' gray
PRESSURE tellin' you to take the gray away
Its' the fear of physical processes
It's the tear of scalp diggin' hair transplant bloodmesses
Rising up
Tearing down
What you are
Threatening
Never seen
All around
Every face
Every eye
Watching you
Weakening
Grip of pain
Won't let go
All that you see
All that you hear
All that you feel
All that you fear
Pressure [x6]
Paranoid
Self destroyed
Sickened mind
Burning up
Torn to shreds
From inside
Desperate
Cannot stand
The distress
Helpless
Hopeless
Lifeless
All that you see
All that you hear
All that you feel
All that you fear
By Father Burkhart
Pressure....
All around me.
Pressure....
It surrounds me.
Pressure....
Flowing through me.
Pressure....
Just Bite Me!
Break the skin and your in
Sucking my blood like a leach
I1m way out of reach
Life1s so unfair,so what I don1t care
Life1s a paradise, I just don1t understand
Life and death, walking hand in hand
Freedom of Speech is a rare thing
Struggling each day to sing
To sing this life through
All life found true
True as the sky in the air
True as the strong scent of despair
Pressure to do right or wrong
Pressure to fuck or smoke a bong
Whether life could be this bleak
Or is it, could it possibly this weak?
As weak as a stillborn baby
As weak as one1s last breath
Religions one and all
Whether Muslims or Jews
All faiths have their own spews.
Weak and the strong
Both are all wrong
Whether I1m living my life all wrong
I1m living my life and it1s my own
Life's a paradox that I don't understand
A paradox that is completely out of demand
Truth and lies are all the same
In this sad cruel world we live in
Love and lust are just the same
but one true and the other is just lame
True love is a question we all ask of ourselves to
make us complete, no one knows
Life and death are very similar
yet they don't feel very familiar.
Week of cold hearts pounding against our chest, years of torment running down our breasts.
Hearts of Gold, Hearts so Cold
Does it even begin to make sense with the young and the old
Truth is but one faction of life but lies are the most true of either faction.
Lies of old and new.
Lives of money and despair
That1s all society thrives on.
That1s all society lives on.
That1s all society is driven by.
So I say this is passing what is this world coming to when all we care about is who1s who1s views.
Thanks for hearing me out
I love discussing despair and doubt
But as I close remember dead are those who live on destruction or phat clothes.
you joke and laugh
and put me down
spit and cuss me
with a frown
mocking things
behind my back
do we really need
all that
hating me for my belief
is that the way its supposed
to be
where's your talk of unity
Jesus Christ will set you free
the pressure is on me
for what i believe
the pressure is on me
to stand for Christ in me
have you become
what you hate
hard-core life
you demonstrate
hating God with worldly cries
where's your open minded eyes
more punk rock then
the other ones
your piercing tats
are still not done
more hard-core in your scene
hating Christians
is your thing
its not hard to figure out
what we believe
so you can try
and drag us down
God's on our side
we will suceed
so what has happened here
are you gunna live in fear
take a stand for what is right
me and Christ are gonna fight
don't be ashamed
you might be blamed
but share the news today
Full of potential yet nothing there filled with infinite ideas why so hard
don't know what's the problem seems like pulling teeth never had this
happen I must overcome
Pressure pressure pressure in my head pressure pressure pressure in my
head
Tap into the bank of knowledge reaching for the source look around in my
mind for some meaning don't know what I might find hope I find it soon
taking just too much time sitting in this room
Pressure pressure pressure in my head pressure pressure pressure in my
head
Don't like what I'm seeing lack of drive and thought don't know how to fix
it time to start days of deep reflection nights of sweat and work have to
beat this this is my reward
Look around in my mind hope to find any ideas I like and can write have to
have some meaning not just some words put some music to it get to work
Pressure pressure pressure in my head pressure pressure pressure in my
head
The road is long, many turns along the way
We lose control of the things we do and say
Oooh, I can't stop what's going on.
Sometimes we need a little rain
Wash away the pressure, pressure
Bring back the days
Like children in the rain
Take away the pressure, pressure
The world demands, so much everyday
We do our best, but sometimes it's never enough
I can't stop what's goin' on
Sometimes we need a little rain
Wash away the pressure, pressure
Bring back the days
Like children in the rain
Take away the pressure, pressure
Everyone is staring
Down at me again
Something's lacking
My friends
Never let me in
I feel the pressure
Pushing me
It's pushing me again
I can't take much more
Not any more,
Not any more I feel
That I've been pushed and
Held again the wall
No one, knew
How I felt inside
I feel, the walls are
Falling down
Inside my mind
I need, some time
To get away
Why can't anyone
Just listen
Leave me all alone
How come no one
Understands me
Through the surface I will break out
Dissolving in the air free
I've been locked up through the cold
Breaking loose when I get warm
The pressure is rising every day
It suffocates me in every way
And the walls that keep me here
Are closing in
Pressure drop will rearrange me
The liberty of action
To never stop is what strives for
The wind will take me higher
The pressure is rising every day
It suffocates me in every way
And the walls that keep me here
Are closing in
Turbulence has made me stronger
The storm has gone away now
I have reached the altitude
From now on I'm going downhill
The pressure is rising every day
It suffocates me in every way
And the walls that keep me here
enuff and ear:
fear's the curse, todays word is pressure
the worry and the strife are beyond that measure
speed racer takin in that pressure
pressure's the fear, pressure's the tear
pressure is torture, torture is burning
verbal arm twisting, pressure ear pinchin
no fear, no don't shed no tear,
just pack up and go on
lets get outa here...
enuff:
look! your baldhead a go turning grey
pressure say so:
take the grey away!
pressure, the fear of a physical process,
it's the fear of bloodclaat bloodmess!
p-r-e-s sure when i get up early
when i get home
when i sit down down late
pressure!
get vexed when i see my ex
pressure, pressure
what is coming next ?
time's running quick quick !
in your pocket, kid, the fuse catch fire
the bomb a go tick, tick
young bwoy get older ,dont look over your shoulder
look out forward, find a girl fi hold ya
eased:
looser !
dem a go say if you have no money
dem a say: your cheap clothes look funny
you're a man now your time has come to proof,
so get a girl on your backseat
looser!
dem a go say if you have no job
dem a say: you gonna be a drop
is what they say
society a rob and rule you, pull you,
gives you pressure
time's running quick quick !
in your pocket, kid, the fuse catch fire
the bomb a go tick, tick
young bwoy get older ,dont look over your shoulder
look out forward, find a girl fi hold ya
I can't stand the way that you make me
I feel pressure
I can't stop the way that you take me
I feel pressure (release me)
I can't stop the way that you place me
Under pressure (release me)
The sound flew in the bare room
The ride's no longer spare
And time will always fall apart
In a house where they don't care
We fantasized your life
And recognized the sins
But it's tit for tat
You take the rap
Now it's me that's going to win
I can't stand the way that you make me
I feel pressure
I can't stop the way that you place me
Under pressure
You've got chalk on the sidewalk,
And the telephone always rings
I'd rip the cord out, pull the wire out,
Kick it on the shins
You paralyzed the gold mine
And the trains are standing still
They pull you back and now you're trapped
As they move in for the kill
I can't stand the way that you make me
I feel pressure
I can't stop the way that you place me
Under pressure
I can't stand the day that you wake me
I feel pressure (release me)
I can't stand the way that you break me
Under pressure (release me)
Everytime I walk out in the sun
The rain will come and really cry
Release me
We found you in the spare room
With your eyes no longer there
The lamp flex led up to your heart
Like a diver's cord for air
We electrolyzed your mind
And analyzed your limbs
Escapist rap, I've had all that
Now it's me that's going to win
I can't stand the way that you make me
I feel pressure
I can't stop the way that you place me
Under pressure
I can't stand the day that you wake me
I feel pressure (release me)
I can't stand the way that you break me
Under pressure (release me)
I can't stand the way you disgrace me
I feel pressure (release me)
I can't stand the way that you hate me
I feel pressure (release me)
Everytime I walk out in the sun
The rain will come and really cry
Now I can't be me at all
Now I can't be me at all
Now I can't be me at all
[Malcom X:]
Who are you?
You don't know?
Don't tell me negro
That's nothin
What were you before the white man named you a negro
What was your name?
It could'nthave been smith or jones or bush or powell
That wasn't your name
They don't have those kind of names where you and I came from
No what was your name?
And why don't you now know what your name was then
Where was your history?
How did a man wipe out your history?
How did the man what did the man do to make you as dumb, as you are right now
[Killer Mike:]
Mutha fuckas I just bought some new chuckas
The old ones bloodied up from stompin out those suckas
Big bang killa
Big black gorilla
King kong on yo monkey ass niggas
Step and fetch fucky ass flunky ass niggas
Dick in the booty for them nasty ass niggas
I don't fear no man
Not bush not clinton not osama
Ask your uncle thom how he choose NASA over Obama
You could have a million dollers and a white collar
Liberation costs more then a damn doller
It costs what christ gave
King gave
X gave
A billion dollars don't make u an ex-slave
Nigga with an attitude since fifth grade
I never behave
Rather be a dead man then a live slave
[Chorus:]
We can say what we like
Put the pressure on em
Ice Cube n Killer Mike
Put the pressure on em
I can do what I want
Put the pressure on em
But god dammit I'm a I'm gone
Put the pressure on em
Put the pressure on em
Homie put the pressure on em
Put the pressure on em
Homie put the pressure on em
Put the pressure on em
Homie put the pressure on em
Cause pressure was fine
Pressure was ours
[Ice Cube:]
I'm here to deprogram you don't forget what they made your grand grand momma do
What they made your great grand daddy do
Without a dollar or a penny or a thank you
The same mutha fuckas wanna gank you
Cause they hate you and the pussy that you came through
Can anybody tell me that it ain't true?
That these mutha fuckas ain't out to hurt you
They'll lock you up, beat you up and work you
Put your life on a thirty year curfue
Lil cell lil window for you to look through
Even gotta little chair where they can cook you
Nigga please I'm a be in the breeze
Eat em up with my plan like the japanese
Now I'm overs seas
And I'm trappin these
Thank god I didn't have to cock n squeeze
[Chorus:]
We can say what we like
Put the pressure on em
Ice Cube n Killer Mike
Put the pressure on em
I can do what I want
Put the pressure on em
But god dammit I'm a I'm gone
Put the pressure on em
Put the pressure on em
Homie put the pressure on em
Put the pressure on em
Homie put the pressure on em
Put the pressure on em
Homie put the pressure on em
Cause pressure was fine
Pressure was ours
[Killer Mike:]
Black colla bitches stop bull shitin
And u funky black preachers with your pool kids
Our kings had dreams and a big vision
All you give us is goverment and religion
Are you a freedom fighter or a school pigeon
Is you down for your people in the big mission
Or you a dirty nigga workin for fuckin a clinton
Or a dirty nigga workin for fuckin a bush
Another message for the politition
Better get the police off our ass quickly
If another old lady die in this city
Swear to god we will burn down the fuckin city
Big schemes
Big dreams
Yea I'm with it for
Twenty years for dealin dope is just a fuckin joke
And so what you the man with that white man
Probation got your ass to a white man
[Chorus:]
We can say what we like
Put the pressure on em
Ice Cube n Killer Mike
Put the pressure on em
I can do what I want
Put the pressure on em
But god dammit I'm a I'm gone
Put the pressure on em
Put the pressure on em
Homie put the pressure on em
Put the pressure on em
Homie put the pressure on em
Put the pressure on em
Homie put the pressure on em
Cause pressure was fine
Pressure was ours
[Killer Mike:]
God damnit the way dogs that ran part runnin rabbit
These pigs goin ham samich
In new york killed a young brother
In atlata killed a grand mother
And politions say save the planet
Fuck that save us damnit
From the black pigs helpin kill sunday
I hope it's five degrees hotter for your ass in hell
Place straight bastard blessed in crash
Hope jesus come back he murder your ass
So you burn in hell till you burn white ash
To the one that say sorry tell em kiss our ass
We don't need em motha fucka you can keep it for yourself
I push you nothin but pain and bad health
I hope luck run away from you and wealth
No honour in life no honour in death
You a juddist to us nigga kill yourself
[Chorus:]
We can say what we like
Put the pressure on em
Ice Cube n Killer Mike
Put the pressure on em
I can do what I want
Put the pressure on em
But god dammit I'm a I'm gone
Put the pressure on em
Put the pressure on em
Homie put the pressure on em
Put the pressure on em
Homie put the pressure on em
Put the pressure on em
Homie put the pressure on em
Cause pressure was fine
Pressure was ours
[Malcom X:]
No negro leaders have fought for civil rights
They paid for civil rights
They have begged the white man for civil rights
They have begged the white man for freedom
And anytime you beg another man to set you free
You will never be free
Freedom is something you have to do for yourselves
And until the american negro let's the white man know
That we are really really ready and willing to pay the price that is destin for freedom
Our people will always be walking around and second class citizens or what you call twentith century slaves
What price are you talking about sir?
Buzzing up with a musical attack
Rip it up with a boom sound we no lack
Got the rhythms the dub plat killa tracks
Annihilate and destroy them we do that
Letting them know that ah we come fe
Rock and control again
Ho ho well
Setting the pace in the place
Volume up driving them insane
Oh that's right
Turn your system down
No weak heart can take it
Burn it to the ground
Watch how we shatters and we break it
Pressure
Stress it just drive them underground
Cannot take the music killa sound
Yeah we turn it up and never down
Pressure Pressure Pressure
Annoying neighbours are banging on your door
Saying that they can't take your noise no more
Your bass is right in there face sounds murder raw
But ain't turning it off so call the law
Let them all know that
The rockers is hard and is here to stay
Ho ho well
Tell to move from your step
And back off and just go away
Oh das right
Turn your system down
You know the weak can't take it
Burn it to the ground
Watch how we shatters and we break it
Pressure
Stress it just drive them underground
Cannot take the music killa sound
Yeah we turn it up but never down
Pressure Pressure Pressure
Pressure
Temperature rise turn it up the heat feel the pressure
Hold uno head an feel the pain from the pressure
Cannot take the noise coz ah we bring the pressure
No bodder tell we turn the music down hold the pressure
Uno got to got to got hold the pressure
Uno got to got to got hold the pressure
Uno got to got to got hold the pressure
Uno got to got to got hold it
Stress it just drive them underground
Cannot take the music killa sound
Yeah we will turn it up but never down
Too much pressure in this young life - pressure
Nothing to do to deal with my spite - pressure
Parents, teachers and cops fill me with hate - pressure
dead or jailed by this rate
Too much pressure, in this young life
too much pressure building up inside
Fucking people always in my face - pressure
Preaching ignorance about the race - pressure
I don't give a shit if I have no class - pressure
I've got pressure, I'm in deep
Seems everybody wants something from me
I was a lover, but now a thief
I'll take your breath away and set you free
I can't think, I can't see
They're taking pictures, want to see me freeze
I can't stop, I'm on top
And everybody likes the view from above
So much pressure
So much heat
So much hustle
They want me
[2x]
Come around, feel the sound
Boy you make my heart pound
Fill me up, bring me down
When I hear your sound
[4x]
Down [x32]
So much pressure
So much heat
So much hustle
They want me
[2x]
Come around, feel the sound
Boy you make my heart pound
Fill me up, bring me down
When I hear your sound
[3x]
Come around, feel the sound
Boy you make my heart pound
Fill me up, bring me down
Bring me down [x10]
Days
they drift
into each other
I cannot
tell one from another
And everything
I planned each time
surprise me
I cannot find
Peace of mind
Because I’m always way behind
Everything
Everyone
I can’t seem to catch up
Perfect strangers family
friends
It doesn’t matter
In the end
I know that at
some point
I will disappoint them
Things of no or great
importance
doesn’t matter
I tend to blend them
And randomly
I tend to forget them
All is essential
I really ought to
I should
I have to
I got to
I must
(And) on top of everything
I’m supposed to be happyPressure
Pressure
Pressure, pressure, pressure
All things are measured
By everybody
All the time
Nauseous
Tunnel vision
Headache
Anxiety
Confusion
Aggravation
(And) on top of everything
(Andy Sears)
Law--
You live by bias rules
Law to break
Whenever you choose
Playing,--only playing
Guilty, guilty--
Judge and jury--tyranny
Sentence, sentence--
Fan the flames of anarchy
It's no example, sets no example
Pressure!--We will, we will slam the door
Let Go!--We will, we will run
Run away--
Schools who teach
But cannot learn
Learn you that soon
Fingers must burn
Growing never knowing
Pressure!--We will, we will slam the door
Let Go!--We will, we will run away--
Still farther
Hold on tight, hold on tight
Hold on tight--
All your dreams, all your dreams--
Keep them right
Be an anthem,
Must be an anthem
I feel--
Pressure!--We will, we will slam the door
Let go!--we will, we will run away!
I can't take this pressure
Pressure
Pressure
Pressure
Pressure
Too many things are too extreme
There's too much shit, too many schemes
It never makes sense, it's just a hype
Forget about it, live your own life
Pressure
Pressure
Pressure
Pressure
Pressure
Pressure
Pressure
Pride
Kept me strong
My faith was weak, I could not build upon
Their hands
Strangled me.
I asked if death perhaps could intervene
Sweat
Burned my skin
And just like me it made this wound unclean
A ghost
Teasing me.
I could not let him see my segrecy
This time the weight is off my back
I kept myself sincere
The pressure had to leave
This hour the boiling blood has calmed
I kept myself serene
The pressure had to leave
So crowded, over crowded.
Find me some room to move.
So twisted, so blistered.
Give me some room to unwind.
Release the valve, release the pressure.
I’ll blow my veins, It’s in my nature.
Coming up too fast and I can not find,
My decompression chamber.
So different, so completely different.
Give me something to relate to please.
Release the valve, release the pressure.
I’ll blow my veins; It’s in my nature.
Coming up too fast and I can not find,
My decompression chamber.
What are you trying to say to me?
It’s always, always me.
Coming up too fast and I can not find,
My decompression chamber.
Release the pressure, to make me better,
Release the pressure,
To make me well enough to be myself,
To laugh, to smile, to breathe a while.
To cry to be just true to me,
Live your life with some purpose
Otherwise the shit is worthless
(Even the pressure is precious)
Some get up
Get out
Others give up without
Much effort just doubt to justify the outcome
So what comes out?
Only what you put in throughout
Your travels through forked routes
Blind bends and dead ends
So do you make amends or sever ties?
Trust no one
Or trust that no one ever lies?
Do you run or try to overcome your biggest fears?
Do you make your presence known
Or simply fade and disappear?
I think the answer is clear
So many paths to choose and influence
Your life so reality and dreams are congruent
Or at least converging towards one another
So you can either make it happen
Or sit back and suffer
As you watch all the others
Make strides and accomplish
Whatever they wish
With confidence as their accomplice
Blame it on their arrogance
Pout and call them pompous
While you staple copies and bring coffee to their office
Regardless…
Only you determine if your life is worth it
Don’t compare it to a fictional standard of perfect
‘Cuz eventually the hidden defects will surface
And the ones who didn’t know will relieve you of service
‘Cuz there’s a surplus of those living lies
Who look into the mirror and see all that they despise
This bit of reinforcement shouldn’t come as a surprise
Though it took a couple decades to finally open my eyes
All this pressure is eating me up inside
And I feel like I'm being buried alive again
All this pressure is tearing me up inside
And the fear of failing is on my mind again
The anxiety's building up inside
And the thought of losing is running strong again
And I pace and smoke and tell you
If its over its over
And that's not my problem
Its not all my fault
You fucked with my heart
If its over its over and that's not my problem
All these questions are building in my mind
And I'm wondering how this came around again
The intensity that surrounds my life
Has me asking if I'm doing right again
All the memories of me failing life
Just increase the drive to do it all again
And I pace and smoke and tell you
If it over it's over
And that's not my problem
It's not all my fault
You fucked with my heart
If it's over it's over
And that's not my problem
It's not all my fault
You fucked with my heart
If it's over its over
And that's not my problem
All the words that we say push us farther and farther away
All the statements we make put the pressures of life in our way
All the time that we spend making choices that
Stand in our way
If it's over it's over
And that's not my problem
It's not all my fault
You fucked with my heart
If it's over it's over
And that's not my problem
It's not all my fault
You fucked with my heart
If it's over it's over
And that's not my problem
It's not all my fault
Is there-no hope
Will I-ever cope
Will I see-light ahead
Or live life-walking dead
When I look at my life I see
A never ending struggle
I can't get out of trouble
When it starts to look like things
Just might change-just might change
Something even more fucked up
gets in my way again
So much pressure on my brain
How much longer can I take the strain
Don't know if I can keep my anger tame
God please take away the pain
How much longer can I take the strain
So much pressure on my brain
Doesn't matter how hard I try
I just can't seem to win
Don't have a clue to what I've done
To deserve this shit
When I get a step ahead I get
Knocked back two-Knocked back two
Somebody tell me how I'm supposed to find
Strength to make it through
It's getting harder and harder
To keep my chin up
Every day in one way or another
Something's always trying
To keep me down
But I know
I used to worry all the time
About what you thought of me,
In my struggle for acceptance
I lost a lot of sleep.
Under social tyranny
I tried to measure up,
When I denied who I truly was,
I soon became the fool.
What a shame.
Never free to be me.
Never free to be me.
I used to think you had it all
And that I was missing out,
But once I took a closer look,
I soon realized
The luster of your lives
Was just a bunch of veneer
And all the happy memorie
Were just a bunch of made-up lies.
You lied.
You try to keep up with the crowd,
Never knowing who you are,
Always changing
Who you are.
After years of failure,
I finally got the clue.
I've wasted half of my life
Trying to be like you
Now I know my Maker,
I see who I was meant to be,
I don't need your social system,
Or a fake identity.
Every monday morning I think I'd better quit this job.
I work hard and seriously, although that's not
What I was dreaming of.
Finally I leave my desk, go home, switch on the telly
Slowly getting stupid, this is their aim
I'm glad they are not that perfect.
Don't wanna work
But don't wanna do nothing.
What am I looking for ?
Take that pressure from me
and tell me one thing :
What are the values of my life ?
Beyond existence the answer is
Spinning 'round that one solution
We can't prevent us being forced into accepting old
traditions
'Cause we were born here, we grew up here
we 're part of that whole thing
sometimes it makes me feel good
sometimes this makes me sick
Wanna change everything
But can't create a new world
Too much depends on it
Take that pressure from me
And tell me one thing
What are the values of my life ?
What is it worthwile fighting for ?
(SCANNING: How can it be i deserve this?
You keep me lonely on purpose, now my tears on the surface, after saying goodbye)
I'm alone but it's all right, cause you're not the one left alone
But it's all right cause you're not the one.
We're getting rid of the pressure, wo oh wow (x2)
We're getting rid of the pressure, it feels so right, dont need it no more.
How can it be I deserve this?
You keep me lonely on purpose, now my tears on the surface, after saying goodbye
I'm alone but it's all right, cause you're not the one left alone
But it's all right cause you're not the one.
We're getting rid of the pressure, wo oh wow (x2)
We're getting rid of the pressure, it feels so right, dont need it no more.
(Yeah) (x2)
We're getting rid of the pressure. (x2)
(SCANNING)
I'm alone (x2)
(Garbled)
We're getting rid of the pressure. (x4)
After saying goodbye
I'm alone but it''s all right, cause you're not the one left alone
But it's all right cause you're not the one.
We're getting rid of the pressure, wo oh wow (x2)
Let's take our story right back to the start
Where all good tales begin, with a heart.
It's so hard growing up when no one cares about you,
The world's gone mad
The youth's gone crazy.
They just don't know which way to turn
The right direction?
Can someone steer them?
Yet I've been sucked into this shit for as long as I know
Feel like one alone, just finding a reason to remove myself.
This paranoia grabs you whole and leaves you breathless,
I'm so sick of this, please rid me of this.
Send me back to the days
When life wasn't so hard on the youth.
Just a little encouragement will help them on their way.
But their minds are so clogged up with all the shit that they're fed by the media.
We must increase the peace.
What will they say?
What will they do?
RELEASE
ALBUMS
- Bless the Children
- Ghetto Life
- Love and Affection
- Touch the Sky
- Hear My Cry
- Be Free
- Most Wanted
- Personality
- No Fight
- Boogey Man
- Africa
- So Appealing
- Show Love
- Till Shiloh Comes
- Never Fall
- Why
- The Pressure Is On
- Zion Is Home
- Feel So Right
- In My World
- Light in You
- When Dem Come (feat. Glen Washington)
- Ancient Woman
- Mama
- Buss Dem Brain
- Ganja
- I Tried
- Live What U Talk
- No Limitation
Send this Playlist by SMS
Email this Page
Nadia Ali, Starkillers & Alex Kenji - Pressure (Alesso Remix)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:12
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
Join us on Spinnin' Facebook: facebook.com Follow us on Twitter: twitter.com Check out our playlists on Spotify: spoti.fi Join us on G+ : gplus.to Buy here on Beatport : www.beatport.com Swedish wunderkind Alesso has put his signature under the remix contract for 'Pressure'. He has the haunting emotional sounds down, creates big room sounds with ultimate magnitude and so we've no doubt Mr. Alesso is going to continue to impress us for a long time to come. Oh so BIG! Tiesto: 'Playing this in all my sets!' Sebastian Ingrosso: 'Full support!' Sander van Doorn: 'MASSIVE mix from Alesso, charted everywhere!' Marco V: 'Fantastic -- Full Support!' Steve Smart / Kiss FM: 'Amazing!!!' Erick Morillo: 'Cool one!'
http://wn.com/Nadia_Ali,_Starkillers_Alex_Kenji_Pressure_Alesso_Remix
Join us on Spinnin' Facebook: facebook.com Follow us on Twitter: twitter.com Check out our playlists on Spotify: spoti.fi Join us on G+ : gplus.to Buy here on Beatport : www.beatport.com Swedish wunderkind Alesso has put his signature under the remix contract for 'Pressure'. He has the haunting emotional sounds down, creates big room sounds with ultimate magnitude and so we've no doubt Mr. Alesso is going to continue to impress us for a long time to come. Oh so BIG! Tiesto: 'Playing this in all my sets!' Sebastian Ingrosso: 'Full support!' Sander van Doorn: 'MASSIVE mix from Alesso, charted everywhere!' Marco V: 'Fantastic -- Full Support!' Steve Smart / Kiss FM: 'Amazing!!!' Erick Morillo: 'Cool one!'
Queen - 'Under Pressure'
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:14
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
The official 'Under Pressure' music video. Taken from Queen - 'Greatest Video Hits 2'.
http://wn.com/Queen_'Under_Pressure'
The official 'Under Pressure' music video. Taken from Queen - 'Greatest Video Hits 2'.
- published: 09 Sep 2008
- views: 11984478
- author: queenofficial
Paramore: Pressure [OFFICIAL VIDEO]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:05
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
© WMG 2006. Paramore's video for 'Pressure' from their album, All We Know Is Falling, in stores now on Fueled By Ramen. Visit paramore.net for more!
http://wn.com/Paramore_Pressure_OFFICIAL_VIDEO_
© WMG 2006. Paramore's video for 'Pressure' from their album, All We Know Is Falling, in stores now on Fueled By Ramen. Visit paramore.net for more!
- published: 18 Jul 2006
- views: 19053854
- author: FueledByRamen
Nadia Ali, Starkillers & Alex Kenji - Pressure (Alesso Edit) (Official Music Video) [HD]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:47
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
Join us on Spinnin' Facebook: facebook.com Follow us on Twitter: twitter.com Check out our playlists on Spotify: spoti.fi Join us on G+ : gplus.to Download here: www.beatport.com For iTunes UK / Ireland : UK: bit.ly Ireland: bit.ly More Nadia Ali on Spinnin' facebook: on.fb.me Nadia Ali, Starkillers & Alex Kenji - Pressure ( Alesso Edit ) Official video hd
http://wn.com/Nadia_Ali,_Starkillers_Alex_Kenji_Pressure_Alesso_Edit_Official_Music_Video_HD_
Join us on Spinnin' Facebook: facebook.com Follow us on Twitter: twitter.com Check out our playlists on Spotify: spoti.fi Join us on G+ : gplus.to Download here: www.beatport.com For iTunes UK / Ireland : UK: bit.ly Ireland: bit.ly More Nadia Ali on Spinnin' facebook: on.fb.me Nadia Ali, Starkillers & Alex Kenji - Pressure ( Alesso Edit ) Official video hd
- published: 07 Jul 2011
- views: 4610914
- author: SpinninRec
Under Pressure
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:53
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
Queen & David Bowie
http://wn.com/Under_Pressure
Billy Joel - Pressure
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:38
- Updated: 04 Dec 2012
Music video by Billy Joel performing Pressure. (C) 1982 SONY BMG MUSIC ENTERTAINMENT
http://wn.com/Billy_Joel_Pressure
Music video by Billy Joel performing Pressure. (C) 1982 SONY BMG MUSIC ENTERTAINMENT
- published: 03 Oct 2009
- views: 1219194
- author: billyjoelVEVO
Skindred - Pressure
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:40
- Updated: 04 Dec 2012
facebook.com - Like the Facebook page for all your Skindred news!! Official video. No copyright infringement intended, all rights go to Lava Records and Skindred
http://wn.com/Skindred_Pressure
facebook.com - Like the Facebook page for all your Skindred news!! Official video. No copyright infringement intended, all rights go to Lava Records and Skindred
- published: 16 Jun 2010
- views: 242106
- author: iiitsJAMIE
Pressure - So Appealing
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:48
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
Pressures upcoming Song "So Appealing" by Don Corleon!
http://wn.com/Pressure_So_Appealing
Pressures upcoming Song "So Appealing" by Don Corleon!
- published: 15 Sep 2007
- views: 440376
- author: jahdeon
QUEEN & DAVID BOWIE: Under Pressure
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:56
- Updated: 18 Sep 2012
Queen & David Bowie's video for their 1981 track "Under Pressure."
http://wn.com/QUEEN_DAVID_BOWIE_Under_Pressure
Queen & David Bowie's video for their 1981 track "Under Pressure."
- published: 10 Aug 2007
- views: 1379715
- author: rdc65
Pressure-love and affection
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:18
- Updated: 04 Dec 2012
pressure
http://wn.com/Pressure-love_and_affection
Pressure - Love and Affection
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:13
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
New hit track off of Reggae Gold 2007! IN STORES JUNE 12TH BY VPRECORDS. Go to VPREGGAE.COM
http://wn.com/Pressure_Love_and_Affection
New hit track off of Reggae Gold 2007! IN STORES JUNE 12TH BY VPRECORDS. Go to VPREGGAE.COM
- published: 11 Jun 2007
- views: 2881704
- author: vprecords
Under Pressure - Bowie and Lennox
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:58
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
David Bowie and Annie Lennox [From the Eurythmics] rehearse "Under Pressure" before the Freddie Mercury Tribute.
http://wn.com/Under_Pressure_Bowie_and_Lennox
David Bowie and Annie Lennox [From the Eurythmics] rehearse "Under Pressure" before the Freddie Mercury Tribute.
- published: 30 Apr 2006
- views: 1614806
- author: Bluedemon124
Queen - Under Pressure (Lyrics)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:09
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
Queen - Under Pressure with lyrics
http://wn.com/Queen_Under_Pressure_Lyrics
Toots & The Maytals - Pressure Drop
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:57
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
Blockers Favourite Tracks #13 - Toots & The Maytals - Pressure Drop Reminds me when i played for Carribean Intersport back in London going to away games!
http://wn.com/Toots_The_Maytals_Pressure_Drop
Blockers Favourite Tracks #13 - Toots & The Maytals - Pressure Drop Reminds me when i played for Carribean Intersport back in London going to away games!
- published: 10 Jul 2008
- views: 1454359
- author: Blocksternz
Queen - Under Pressure (HQ) (Live At Wembley 86)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:39
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
"Under Pressure" is a 1981 song by Queen and David Bowie. It marked Queen's first released collaboration with another recording artist, and is featured on their 1982 album Hot Space. The song reached #1 on the UK Singles Chart. It was also number 31 on VH1's 100 Greatest Songs of the '80s. Queen had been working on the song under the title "Feel Like" but were not yet satisfied with the result. The final version that became "Under Pressure" evolved from a jam session the band had with Bowie at his studio in Montreux, Switzerland, therefore it was credited as co-written by the five musicians. According to Queen bassist John Deacon (as quoted in a French magazine in 1984), however, the song's primary musical songwriter was Freddie Mercury — though all contributed to the arrangement. The earlier, embryonic version of the song without Bowie "Feel Like" is widely available in bootleg form. In more recent interviews, Queen guitarist Brian May and drummer Roger Taylor have credited the bass riff to Deacon; Bowie also said on his website that the bassline was already written before he became involved. In any case, the September 2005 edition of online music magazine Stylus singled out the bassline as the best in popular music history. The first title found for this song was "People on Streets". It then became "Under Pressure".
http://wn.com/Queen_Under_Pressure_HQ_Live_At_Wembley_86
"Under Pressure" is a 1981 song by Queen and David Bowie. It marked Queen's first released collaboration with another recording artist, and is featured on their 1982 album Hot Space. The song reached #1 on the UK Singles Chart. It was also number 31 on VH1's 100 Greatest Songs of the '80s. Queen had been working on the song under the title "Feel Like" but were not yet satisfied with the result. The final version that became "Under Pressure" evolved from a jam session the band had with Bowie at his studio in Montreux, Switzerland, therefore it was credited as co-written by the five musicians. According to Queen bassist John Deacon (as quoted in a French magazine in 1984), however, the song's primary musical songwriter was Freddie Mercury — though all contributed to the arrangement. The earlier, embryonic version of the song without Bowie "Feel Like" is widely available in bootleg form. In more recent interviews, Queen guitarist Brian May and drummer Roger Taylor have credited the bass riff to Deacon; Bowie also said on his website that the bassline was already written before he became involved. In any case, the September 2005 edition of online music magazine Stylus singled out the bassline as the best in popular music history. The first title found for this song was "People on Streets". It then became "Under Pressure".
- published: 26 Feb 2009
- views: 3539919
- author: chipo312009
Paramore - Pressure (acoustic)(download @ live-pulse.com)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:25
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
DOWNLOAD HERE: live-pulse.com
http://wn.com/Paramore_Pressure_acousticdownload_@_live-pulsecom
Pressure by Quadron
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:22
- Updated: 04 Dec 2012
Music Video for Danish duo Quadron. Featuring: Helene Buen Lindegren & Jesper Hansen. Directed by: Daniel Kragh-Jacobsen. DOP: Jasper Spanning. Production Design: Felicia Bang & Mille Fischer Christensen. Stylist: Jenna Mangulad. Gaffer: Noah Lynnerup. Production: Simon Iversen & Tim Panduro. Grade: Anders V. Christensen (KG FILM).
http://wn.com/Pressure_by_Quadron
Music Video for Danish duo Quadron. Featuring: Helene Buen Lindegren & Jesper Hansen. Directed by: Daniel Kragh-Jacobsen. DOP: Jasper Spanning. Production Design: Felicia Bang & Mille Fischer Christensen. Stylist: Jenna Mangulad. Gaffer: Noah Lynnerup. Production: Simon Iversen & Tim Panduro. Grade: Anders V. Christensen (KG FILM).
- published: 29 Oct 2009
- views: 165902
- author: danielkraghjacobsen
QUEEN - Under Pressure (Live At Wembley Stadium 1986)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:01
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
Mm ba ba de Um bum ba de Um bu bu bum da de Pressure pushing down on me Pressing down on you no man ask for Under pressure that brings a building down Splits a family in two Puts people on streets Um ba ba be Um ba ba be De day da Ee day da - that's okay It's the terror of knowing What the world is about Watching some good friends Screaming 'Let me out' Pray tomorrow gets me higher Pressure on people people on streets Day day de mm hm Da da da ba ba Okay Chippin' around - kick my brains around the floor These are the days it never rains but it pours Ee do ba be Ee da ba ba ba Um bo bo Be lap People on streets - ee da de da de People on streets - ee da de da de da de da It's the terror of knowing What this world is about Watching some good friends Screaming 'Let me out' Pray tomorrow - gets me higher higher high Pressure on people people on streets Turned away from it all like a blind man Sat on a fence but it don't work Keep coming up with love but it's so slashed and torn Why - why - why? Love love love love love Insanity laughs under pressure we're breaking Can't we give ourselves one more chance Why can't we give love that one more chance Why can't we give love give love give love give love give love give love give love give love give love 'Cause love's such an old fashioned word And love dares you to care for The people on the (People on streets) edge of the night And loves (People on streets) dares you to change our way of Caring about ourselves This is our last ...
http://wn.com/QUEEN_Under_Pressure_Live_At_Wembley_Stadium_1986
Mm ba ba de Um bum ba de Um bu bu bum da de Pressure pushing down on me Pressing down on you no man ask for Under pressure that brings a building down Splits a family in two Puts people on streets Um ba ba be Um ba ba be De day da Ee day da - that's okay It's the terror of knowing What the world is about Watching some good friends Screaming 'Let me out' Pray tomorrow gets me higher Pressure on people people on streets Day day de mm hm Da da da ba ba Okay Chippin' around - kick my brains around the floor These are the days it never rains but it pours Ee do ba be Ee da ba ba ba Um bo bo Be lap People on streets - ee da de da de People on streets - ee da de da de da de da It's the terror of knowing What this world is about Watching some good friends Screaming 'Let me out' Pray tomorrow - gets me higher higher high Pressure on people people on streets Turned away from it all like a blind man Sat on a fence but it don't work Keep coming up with love but it's so slashed and torn Why - why - why? Love love love love love Insanity laughs under pressure we're breaking Can't we give ourselves one more chance Why can't we give love that one more chance Why can't we give love give love give love give love give love give love give love give love give love 'Cause love's such an old fashioned word And love dares you to care for The people on the (People on streets) edge of the night And loves (People on streets) dares you to change our way of Caring about ourselves This is our last ...
- published: 13 Oct 2008
- views: 1683251
- author: belltran23
How-To Skateboarding: Pressure Flip with Tony Hawk & Mike Vallely
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:09
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
Learn a new trick each and every day from top pros. You'll get step-by-step instructions on how to master every trick in skateboarding! Tune in seven days a week to learn something new. Jump into the vault with Tony Hawk and Mike Vallely : Pressure Flip Watch More Trick-a-Day: bit.ly WARNING! Skateboarding is a hazardous sport. Engaging in the activities shown and described in this video can cause serious injury and possibly death. Any person who skateboards is assuming all risks of personal injury and damage that can result from skateboarding. SUBSCRIBE to RIDE: bit.ly Like RIDE on FACEBOOK: facebook.com Follow RIDE on INSTAGRAM: instagram.com Follow RIDE on TWITTER: twitter.com
http://wn.com/How-To_Skateboarding_Pressure_Flip_with_Tony_Hawk_Mike_Vallely
Learn a new trick each and every day from top pros. You'll get step-by-step instructions on how to master every trick in skateboarding! Tune in seven days a week to learn something new. Jump into the vault with Tony Hawk and Mike Vallely : Pressure Flip Watch More Trick-a-Day: bit.ly WARNING! Skateboarding is a hazardous sport. Engaging in the activities shown and described in this video can cause serious injury and possibly death. Any person who skateboards is assuming all risks of personal injury and damage that can result from skateboarding. SUBSCRIBE to RIDE: bit.ly Like RIDE on FACEBOOK: facebook.com Follow RIDE on INSTAGRAM: instagram.com Follow RIDE on TWITTER: twitter.com
- published: 05 Mar 2012
- views: 31893
- author: RIDEChannel
Pressure - Why
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:07
- Updated: 19 Nov 2012
Pressure buss pipe - Why
http://wn.com/Pressure_Why
Under Pressure- Queen Feat. David Bowie
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:08
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
Song: Under Pressure Album: Classic Queen Band: Queen Feat. David Bowie
http://wn.com/Under_Pressure_Queen_Feat_David_Bowie
Song: Under Pressure Album: Classic Queen Band: Queen Feat. David Bowie
- published: 12 Apr 2008
- views: 688830
- author: QueenCentral
Nadia Ali, Starkillers & Alex Kenji - Pressure (Original Mix)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:06
- Updated: 01 Dec 2012
Join us on Spinnin' Facebook: facebook.com Follow us on Twitter: twitter.com Check out our playlists on Spotify: spoti.fi Join us on G+ : gplus.to Starkillers and Alex Kenji where one of the hottest house artist's of 2010. They start of 2011 with a vocal killer track that has Miami written all over it! Featuring the lovely vocals of rising star Nadia Ali! Armin van Buuren: 'Nice one!' Sander van Doorn: 'Full support from me!' Steve Smart / Kiss FM: 'Really Like this!' Markus Schulz: 'Will play this!' Roger Sanchez: 'Cool track!' --------------- LYRICS I've got pressure; I'm in deep Seems every body wants something from me I was a lover but now a thief I'll take your breath away and set you free I can't think; I can't see They're taking pictures; Want to see me freeze I can't stop; I'm on top And everybody likes a view from up above So much pressure So much heat So much hustle They want me Come around feel the sound Oh you make heart pound Fill me up bring me down When I hear your sound
http://wn.com/Nadia_Ali,_Starkillers_Alex_Kenji_Pressure_Original_Mix
Join us on Spinnin' Facebook: facebook.com Follow us on Twitter: twitter.com Check out our playlists on Spotify: spoti.fi Join us on G+ : gplus.to Starkillers and Alex Kenji where one of the hottest house artist's of 2010. They start of 2011 with a vocal killer track that has Miami written all over it! Featuring the lovely vocals of rising star Nadia Ali! Armin van Buuren: 'Nice one!' Sander van Doorn: 'Full support from me!' Steve Smart / Kiss FM: 'Really Like this!' Markus Schulz: 'Will play this!' Roger Sanchez: 'Cool track!' --------------- LYRICS I've got pressure; I'm in deep Seems every body wants something from me I was a lover but now a thief I'll take your breath away and set you free I can't think; I can't see They're taking pictures; Want to see me freeze I can't stop; I'm on top And everybody likes a view from up above So much pressure So much heat So much hustle They want me Come around feel the sound Oh you make heart pound Fill me up bring me down When I hear your sound
- published: 15 Feb 2011
- views: 585006
- author: SpinninRec
Effects of High Blood Pressure
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:42
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
Over time, the effects of high blood pressure (also known as hypertension) can include a heart attack, kidney failure, and congestive heart failure. The body structures most vulnerable to high blood pressure include the blood vessels, heart, brain, and kidneys. For videos and more check out www.emedtv.com
http://wn.com/Effects_of_High_Blood_Pressure
Over time, the effects of high blood pressure (also known as hypertension) can include a heart attack, kidney failure, and congestive heart failure. The body structures most vulnerable to high blood pressure include the blood vessels, heart, brain, and kidneys. For videos and more check out www.emedtv.com
- published: 14 Aug 2009
- views: 151311
- author: emedtv
photo: AP / Ng Han Guan
02 Jan 2013
SEOUL -- In a domestically televised New Year's Day speech, North Korean supreme leader Kim Jong Un said he wanted to "remove confrontation" on this divided peninsula and called on "anti-reunification forces" in South Korea to cease their hostility toward the North. The lengthy address, which laid out the national goals for 2013, marked Mr ... Mr. Kim on Tuesday asked for a detente -- but with prerequisites that the conservative Ms ... ....(size: 3.2Kb)
photo: AP / John MacDougall
31 Dec 2012
Chancellor Angela Merkel has warned that the German economic climate in 2013 will be "even more difficult". In her new year message, she also cautioned that the eurozone debt crisis was far from over. However, she did say that reforms designed to address the roots of the problem were beginning to bear fruit ... In a taped interview to be broadcast later on Monday, Mrs Merkel urged Germans to be more patient ... Voters 'wary' ... ....(size: 2.3Kb)
photo: AP / Emanuel Ekra
01 Jan 2013
INZA BAKAYOKO. Associated Press= ABIDJAN, Ivory Coast (AP) — A crowd stampeded after leaving a New Year's fireworks show early Tuesday in Ivory Coast's commercial center, killing 61 people — many of them youths — and injuring more than 200, rescue workers said. The death toll was expected to rise, the officials said ... Issa Sako of the fire department rescue team.....(size: 8.1Kb)
photo: AP / Felicia Fonseca
01 Jan 2013
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. For good reason Mark Charles, a member of the Navajo Nation, is deeply offended that buried on page 45 of the 2010 Defense Appropriation Act (after pages on the maintenance and operation of the United States Military) is an "official" apology to Native American People ... political leaders and officials find it extremely difficult in expressing remorse for past mistakes ... Escorted by the U.S....(size: 5.6Kb)
photo: AP / Mohammad Sajjad
02 Jan 2013
ISLAMABAD -- Continuing a militant campaign of violence against aid workers in Pakistan, gunmen Tuesday shot dead seven Pakistani teachers and health workers, six of them women, police officials said. There was no immediate claim of responsibility ... The victims worked for the private Pakistani aid group Support With Working Solution, which works in the health and education sectors ... "One child, aged 7 to 8 years, miraculously survived." ... ....(size: 3.4Kb)
Demand in Meghalaya for change in poll rolls OUR CORRESPONDENT Shillong, Jan. 2: Pressure groups ...
The Telegraph India03 Jan 2013
MSNBC
03 Jan 2013
The Washington Post
03 Jan 2013
STILL SQUABBLING. Microsoft renewed its long-running attacks on Google in a blog post Wednesday that urged government regulators in the U.S. and Europe to crack down on its rival’s business practices. TIME RUNNING OUT ... has been abusing its dominance in Internet search and leadership in smartphones to stifle competition ... Loading... Recommend. Personal Post ... ....(size: 2.6Kb)
MSNBC
03 Jan 2013
AAA Cleveland was swamped Wednesday and expects another busy morning and afternoon Thursday ... But heat in the summer will destroy the components of a weak battery and make it unusable," Pulaski said ... "For every 10 degrees of temperature drop, you lose a pound of air pressure. So if you set the tire pressure when it’s 60 degrees and it drops to 20 degrees you've lost four pounds of air pressure right there ... ....(size: 2.5Kb)
Irish Times
03 Jan 2013
Syria’s uprising has claimed the lives of at least 60,000 people, according to a comprehensive UN study, significantly raising the estimated death toll and adding to pressure on world powers to stop the bloodshed ... Growing pressure ... 100,000 in 2013, are likely to increase pressure on international powers to bring an end to the conflict....(size: 3.4Kb)
Sun Sentinel
03 Jan 2013
My father takes atenolol to control his blood pressure ... Although beta blockers like atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol are frequently prescribed, such drugs are rarely appropriate as first-line blood pressure medications (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Aug ... We discuss the pros and cons of beta blockers, plus various other blood pressure ......(size: 4.3Kb)
The Examiner
03 Jan 2013
Despite heading to the 2012 All-Star Game, star point guard Deron Williams has underachieved in his tenure with the Brooklyn Nets ... He did not look for an excuse this time, although they have been many ... Carlesimo believes the pressure is getting to Williams ... Williams should feel the pressure. It’s the pressure he wanted when the Jazz traded him to the Nets ... As the saying goes, “pressure either busts pipes or makes diamonds.” ... ....(size: 5.7Kb)
Irish Times
03 Jan 2013
JOHN O'SULLIVAN ... Anscombe has named an extended 26-man squad as he welcomes back a host of internationals, including Andrew Trimble, Darren Cave, Rory Best, Iain Henderson and stand-in captain Chris Henry for a match that pits leaders Ulster against their closest pursuers in the table ... Pressure . “There was so much pressure going into the Leinster match ... Obviously, with us at home, the pressure is on us to win it ... ULSTER ....(size: 3.7Kb)
The Salt Lake Tribune
03 Jan 2013
Photos. At a glance. —. How to help ... Here are some links. ... Fine-particle pollution started climbing around late Saturday as storms tapered off and high pressure began to build ... High pressure creates a kind of seal over Utah’s populated valleys that traps soot from combustion, solvent fumes and other chemical pollutants. The pollution builds up as long as the pressure holds — sometimes for weeks at a time between November and mid-February ... ....(size: 6.0Kb)
The Examiner
03 Jan 2013
Wintry weather has been the theme as we transition into 2013. It looks like that could be changing though as we head deeper into January. However, will it be a brief change?. High pressure will be in control of the forecast for the remainder of this week ... Lows will dip down into the teens once again tonight ... An upper level area of low pressure will slide through the Ohio Valley this weekend bringing the chance for some more light snow ... ....(size: 2.4Kb)
New Straits/Business Times
03 Jan 2013
NEW YEAR. Pandelela training again after spending Christmas with family ... "It is back to training and I feel good about it ... The pressure will be on Pandelela to make an impression throughout the season but she does not want to think too much about it. "As an Olympic medallist, the expectations in Malaysia will be different but I do not want to think about it as it will only give me added pressure ... 1 / 1. ....(size: 2.8Kb)
The Examiner
03 Jan 2013
Damontre Moore – Defensive end/Outside linebacker. Height. 6’4 . Weight ... Junior ... Despite lacking elite explosiveness and burst to turn the corner, he has good enough foot quickness and speed to beat the offensive tackle and then pressure the quarterback ... His ability to stack at the point of attack against the run while also providing edge pressure as a pass rusher would be an ideal fit as a stand up outside linebacker in a 3-4 defense ... ....(size: 3.1Kb)
This article is about pressure in the physical sciences. For other uses, see Pressure (disambiguation).
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Equation of state Ideal gas · Real gas Phase of matter · Equilibrium Control volume · Instruments Processes: Isobaric · Isochoric · Isothermal Adiabatic · Isentropic · Isenthalpic Quasistatic · Polytropic Free expansion Reversibility · Irreversibility Endoreversibility Cycles: Heat engines · Heat pumps Thermal efficiency |
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Philosophy:
Entropy and time · Entropy and life Brownian ratchet Maxwell's demon Heat death paradox Loschmidt's paradox Synergetics History: General · Heat · Entropy · Gas laws Perpetual motion Theories: Caloric theory · Vis viva Theory of heat Mechanical equivalent of heat Motive power Publications: "An Experimental Enquiry Concerning ... Heat" "On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances" "Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire" Timelines of: Thermodynamics · Heat engines Art: Maxwell's thermodynamic surface Education: Entropy as energy dispersal |
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Daniel Bernoulli
Sadi Carnot Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron Rudolf Clausius Hermann von Helmholtz Constantin Carathéodory Pierre Duhem Josiah Willard Gibbs James Prescott Joule James Clerk Maxwell Julius Robert von Mayer William Rankine John Smeaton Georg Ernst Stahl Benjamin Thompson William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin John James Waterston |
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Pressure (the symbol: p) is the force per unit area applied in a direction perpendicular to the surface of an object. Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure)[a] is the pressure relative to the local atmospheric or ambient pressure.
Contents |
Definition[link]
Pressure is the effect of a force applied to a surface. Pressure is the amount of force acting per unit area. The symbol of pressure is p.[b][1]
Formula[link]
| Conjugate variables of thermodynamics |
|
|---|---|
| Pressure | Volume |
| (Stress) | (Strain) |
| Temperature | Entropy |
| Chemical potential | Particle number |
Mathematically:
- Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): p = \frac{F}{A}\ \mbox{or}\ p = \frac{dF_n}{dA}
where:
- p is the pressure,
- F is the normal force,
- A is the area of the surface area on contact
Pressure is a scalar quantity. It relates the vector surface element (a vector normal to the surface) with the normal force acting on it. The pressure is the scalar proportionality constant that relates the two normal vectors:
- Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): d\mathbf{F}_n=-p\,d\mathbf{A} = -p\,\mathbf{n}\,dA
The minus sign comes from the fact that the force is considered towards the surface element, while the normal vector points outward.
It is incorrect (although rather usual) to say "the pressure is directed in such or such direction". The pressure, as a scalar, has no direction. It is the force given by the previous relationship to the quantity that has a direction, not the pressure. If we change the orientation of the surface element, the direction of the normal force changes accordingly, but the pressure remains the same.
Pressure is transmitted to solid boundaries or across arbitrary sections of fluid normal to these boundaries or sections at every point. It is a fundamental parameter in thermodynamics, and it is conjugate to volume.
Units[link]
The SI unit for pressure is the pascal (Pa), equal to one newton per square meter (N/m2 or kg·m−1·s−2). This special name for the unit was added in 1971;[2] before that, pressure in SI was expressed simply as N/m2.
Non-SI measures such as pounds per square inch and bars are used in some parts of the world, primarily in the United States of America. The cgs unit of pressure is the barye (ba), equal to 1 dyn·cm−2 or 0.1 Pa. Pressure is sometimes expressed in grams-force/cm2, or as kg/cm2 and the like without properly identifying the force units. But using the names kilogram, gram, kilogram-force, or gram-force (or their symbols) as units of force is expressly forbidden in SI. The technical atmosphere (symbol: at) is 1 kgf/cm2 (14.223 psi).
Since a system under pressure has potential to perform work on its surroundings, pressure is a measure of potential energy stored per unit volume measured in J·m−3, related to energy density.
Some meteorologists prefer the hectopascal (hPa) for atmospheric air pressure, which is equivalent to the older unit millibar (mbar). Similar pressures are given in kilopascals (kPa) in most other fields, where the hecto- prefix is rarely used. The inch of mercury is still used in the United States. Oceanographers usually measure underwater pressure in decibars (dbar) because an increase in pressure of 1 dbar is approximately equal to an increase in depth of 1 meter.
The standard atmosphere (atm) is an established constant. It is approximately equal to typical air pressure at earth mean sea level and is defined as follows:
- standard atmosphere = 101,325 Pa = 101.325 kPa = 1,013.25 hPa.
Because pressure is commonly measured by its ability to displace a column of liquid in a manometer, pressures are often expressed as a depth of a particular fluid (e.g., centimeters of water, mm or inches of mercury). The most common choices are mercury (Hg) and water; water is nontoxic and readily available, while mercury's high density allows a shorter column (and so a smaller manometer) to be used to measure a given pressure. The pressure exerted by a column of liquid of height h and density ρ is given by the hydrostatic pressure equation p = ρgh. Fluid density and local gravity can vary from one reading to another depending on local factors, so the height of a fluid column does not define pressure precisely. When millimeters of mercury or inches of mercury are quoted today, these units are not based on a physical column of mercury; rather, they have been given precise definitions that can be expressed in terms of SI units. One mmHg (millimeter of mercury) is equal to one torr. The water-based units still depend on the density of water, a measured, rather than defined, quantity. These manometric units are still encountered in many fields. Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury in most of the world, and lung pressures in centimeters of water are still common.
Underwater divers use the metre sea water (msw or MSW) and foot sea water (fsw or FSW) units of pressure, and these are the standard units for pressure guages used to measure pressure exposure in diving chambers and personal decompression computers. A msw is defined as 0.1 bar, and is not the same as a linear metre of depth, and 33.066 fsw = 1 atm.[3] Note that the pressure conversion from msw to fsw is different from the length conversion: 10 msw = 32.6336 fsw, while 10 m = 32.8083 ft
Gauge pressure is often given in units with 'g' appended, e.g. 'kPag' or 'psig', and units for measurements of absolute pressure are sometimes given a suffix of 'a', to avoid confusion, for example 'kPaa', 'psia'. However, the US National Institute of Standards and Technology recommends that, to avoid confusion, any modifiers be instead applied to the quantity being measured rather than the unit of measure[4] For example, "Pg = 100 psi" rather than "P = 100 psig".
Differential pressure is expressed in units with 'd' appended; this type of measurement is useful when considering sealing performance or whether a valve will open or close.
Presently or formerly popular pressure units include the following:
- atmosphere (atm)
- manometric units:
- centimeter, inch, and millimeter of mercury (torr)
- Height of equivalent column of water, including millimeter (mm H2O), centimeter (cm H2O), meter, inch, and foot of water
- customary units:
- kip, ton-force (short), ton-force (long), pound-force, ounce-force, and poundal per square inch
- ton-force (short), and ton-force (long) per square inch
- fsw (feet sea water) used in Underwater diving, particularly in connection with diving pressure exposure and decompression
- non-SI metric units:
- bar, decibar, millibar
- msw (metres sea water), used in Underwater diving, particularly in connection with diving pressure exposure and decompression
- kilogram-force, or kilopond, per square centimeter (technical atmosphere)
- gram-force and tonne-force (metric ton-force) per square centimeter
- barye (dyne per square centimeter)
- kilogram-force and tonne-force per square meter
- sthene per square meter (pieze)
- bar, decibar, millibar
| pascal | bar | technical atmosphere | standard atmosphere | torr | pound per square inch | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pa | bar | at | atm | Torr | psi | |
| 1 Pa | ≡ 1 N/m2 | 10−5 | 1.0197×10−5 | 9.8692×10−6 | 7.5006×10−3 | 145.04×10−6 |
| 1 bar | 105 | ≡ 106 dyn/cm2 | 1.0197 | 0.98692 | 750.06 | 14.5037744 |
| 1 at | 0.980665 ×105 | 0.980665 | ≡ 1 kp/cm2 | 0.96784 | 735.56 | 14.223 |
| 1 atm | 1.01325 ×105 | 1.01325 | 1.0332 | ≡ p0 | 760 | 14.696 |
| 1 Torr | 133.322 | 1.3332×10−3 | 1.3595×10−3 | 1.3158×10−3 | = 1 mmHg | 19.337×10−3 |
| 1 psi | 6.895×103 | 68.948×10−3 | 70.307×10−3 | 68.046×10−3 | 51.715 | ≡ 1 lbF/in2 |
Examples[link]
As an example of varying pressures, a finger can be pressed against a wall without making any lasting impression; however, the same finger pushing a thumbtack can easily damage the wall. Although the force applied to the surface is the same, the thumbtack applies more pressure because the point concentrates that force into a smaller area. Pressure is transmitted to solid boundaries or across arbitrary sections of fluid normal to these boundaries or sections at every point. Unlike stress, pressure is defined as a scalar quantity.
Another example is of a common knife. If we try to cut a fruit with the flat side it obviously won't cut. But if we take the thin side, it will cut smoothly. The reason is that the flat side has a greater surface area (less pressure) and so it does not cut the fruit. When we take the thin side, the surface area is reduced and so it cuts the fruit easily and quickly. This is one example of a practical application of pressure.
The gradient of pressure is called the force density. For gases, pressure is sometimes measured not as an absolute pressure, but relative to atmospheric pressure; such measurements are called gauge pressure. An example of this is the air pressure in an automobile tire, which might be said to be "220 kPa/32 psi", but is actually 220 kPa/32 psi above atmospheric pressure. Since atmospheric pressure at sea level is about 100 kPa/14.7 psi, the absolute pressure in the tire is therefore about 320 kPa/46.7 psi. In technical work, this is written "a gauge pressure of 220 kPa/32 psi". Where space is limited, such as on pressure gauges, name plates, graph labels, and table headings, the use of a modifier in parentheses, such as "kPa (gauge)" or "kPa (absolute)", is permitted. In non-SI technical work, a gauge pressure of 32 psi is sometimes written as "32 psig" and an absolute pressure as "32 psia", though the other methods explained above that avoid attaching characters to the unit of pressure are preferred.[5]
Gauge pressure is the relevant measure of pressure wherever one is interested in the stress on storage vessels and the plumbing components of fluidics systems. However, whenever equation-of-state properties, such as densities or changes in densities, must be calculated, pressures must be expressed in terms of their absolute values. For instance, if the atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa, a gas (such as helium) at 200 kPa (gauge) (300 kPa [absolute]) is 50% denser than the same gas at 100 kPa (gauge) (200 kPa [absolute]). Focusing on gauge values, one might erroneously conclude the first sample had twice the density of the second one.
Scalar nature[link]
In a static gas, the gas as a whole does not appear to move. The individual molecules of the gas, however, are in constant random motion. Because we are dealing with an extremely large number of molecules and because the motion of the individual molecules is random in every direction, we do not detect any motion. If we enclose the gas within a container, we detect a pressure in the gas from the molecules colliding with the walls of our container. We can put the walls of our container anywhere inside the gas, and the force per unit area (the pressure) is the same. We can shrink the size of our "container" down to an infinitely small point, and the pressure has a single value at that point. Therefore, pressure is a scalar quantity, not a vector quantity. It has magnitude but no direction sense associated with it. Pressure acts in all directions at a point inside a gas. At the surface of a gas, the pressure force acts perpendicular (at right angle) to the surface.
A closely related quantity is the stress tensor σ, which relates the vector force F to the vector area A via
- Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \mathbf{F}=\mathbf{\sigma A}\,
This tensor may be divided up into a scalar part (pressure) and a traceless tensor part shear. The shear tensor gives the force in directions parallel to the surface, usually due to viscous or frictional forces. The stress tensor is sometimes called the pressure tensor, but in the following, the term "pressure" will refer only to the scalar pressure.
According to the theory of general relativity, pressure increases the strength of a gravitational field (see stress-energy tensor) and so adds to the mass-energy cause of gravity. This effect is unnoticeable at everyday pressures but is significant in neutron stars, although it has not been experimentally tested.[6]
Types[link]
Fluid pressure[link]
Fluid pressure is the pressure at some point within a fluid, such as water or air.
Fluid pressure occurs in one of two situations:
- an open condition, called "open channel flow"
- the ocean, or
- swimming pool, or
- the atmosphere.
- a closed condition, called closed conduits
- water line, or
- gas line.
Pressure in open conditions usually can be approximated as the pressure in "static" or non-moving conditions (even in the ocean where there are waves and currents), because the motions create only negligible changes in the pressure. Such conditions conform with principles of fluid statics. The pressure at any given point of a non-moving (static) fluid is called the hydrostatic pressure.
Closed bodies of fluid are either "static", when the fluid is not moving, or "dynamic", when the fluid can move as in either a pipe or by compressing an air gap in a closed container. The pressure in closed conditions conforms with the principles of fluid dynamics.
The concepts of fluid pressure are predominantly attributed to the discoveries of Blaise Pascal and Daniel Bernoulli. Bernoulli's equation can be used in almost any situation to determine the pressure at any point in a fluid. The equation makes some assumptions about the fluid, such as the fluid being ideal[7] and incompressible.[7] An ideal fluid is a fluid in which there is no friction, it is inviscid,[7] zero viscosity.[7] The equation is written between any two points in a system that contain the same fluid.
- Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \frac{p}{\gamma}+\frac{v^2}{2g}+z=\frac{p}{\gamma}+\frac{v^2}{2g}+z
where:
- p = pressure of the fluid
- γ = ρg = density·acceleration of gravity = specific weight of the fluid.[7]
- v = velocity of the fluid
- g = acceleration of gravity
- z = elevation
- Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \frac{p}{\gamma}
= pressure head
- Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \frac{v^2}{2g}
= velocity head
Applications[link]
Explosion or deflagration pressures[link]
Explosion or deflagration pressures are the result of the ignition of explosive gases, mists, dust/air suspensions, in unconfined and confined spaces.
Negative pressures[link]
While pressures are, in general, positive, there are several situations in which negative pressures may be encountered:
- When dealing in relative (gauge) pressures. For instance, an absolute pressure of 80 kPa may be described as a gauge pressure of −21 kPa (i.e., 21 kPa below an atmospheric pressure of 101 kPa).
- When attractive forces (e.g., van der Waals forces) between the particles of a fluid exceed repulsive forces. Such scenarios are generally unstable since the particles will move closer together until repulsive forces balance attractive forces. Negative pressure exists in the transpiration pull of plants, and is used to suction water even higher than the ten meters that it rises in a pure vacuum.
- The Casimir effect can create a small attractive force due to interactions with vacuum energy; this force is sometimes termed "vacuum pressure" (not to be confused with the negative gauge pressure of a vacuum).
- Depending on how the orientation of a surface is chosen, the same distribution of forces may be described either as a positive pressure along one surface normal, or as a negative pressure acting along the opposite surface normal.
- In the cosmological constant.
Stagnation pressure[link]
Stagnation pressure is the pressure a fluid exerts when it is forced to stop moving. Consequently, although a fluid moving at higher speed will have a lower static pressure, it may have a higher stagnation pressure when forced to a standstill. Static pressure and stagnation pressure are related by the Mach number of the fluid. In addition, there can be differences in pressure due to differences in the elevation (height) of the fluid. See Bernoulli's equation (note: Bernoulli's equation only applies for incompressible, inviscid flow).
The pressure of a moving fluid can be measured using a Pitot tube, or one of its variations such as a Kiel probe or Cobra probe, connected to a manometer. Depending on where the inlet holes are located on the probe, it can measure static pressures or stagnation pressures.
Surface pressure[link]
There is a two-dimensional analog of pressure – the lateral force per unit length applied on a line perpendicular to the force.
Surface pressure is denoted by π and shares many similar properties with three-dimensional pressure. Properties of surface chemicals can be investigated by measuring pressure/area isotherms, as the two-dimensional analog of Boyle's law, πA = k, at constant temperature.
- Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \pi = \frac{F}{l}.
Pressure of an ideal gas[link]
Main article: Ideal gas law
In an ideal gas, molecules have no volume and do not interact. Pressure varies linearly with temperature, volume, and quantity according to the ideal gas law,
- Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): P=\frac{nRT}{V}
where:
- P is the absolute pressure of the gas
- n is the amount of substance
- T is the absolute temperature
- V is the volume
- R is the ideal gas constant.
Real gases exhibit a more complex dependence on the variables of state.[9]
Vapor pressure[link]
Main article: Vapor pressure
Vapor pressure is the pressure of a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phases in a closed system. All liquids and solids have a tendency to evaporate into a gaseous form, and all gases have a tendency to condense back to their liquid or solid form.
The atmospheric pressure boiling point of a liquid (also known as the normal boiling point) is the temperature at which the vapor pressure equals the ambient atmospheric pressure. With any incremental increase in that temperature, the vapor pressure becomes sufficient to overcome atmospheric pressure and lift the liquid to form vapor bubbles inside the bulk of the substance. Bubble formation deeper in the liquid requires a higher pressure, and therefore higher temperature, because the fluid pressure increases above the atmospheric pressure as the depth increases.
The vapor pressure that a single component in a mixture contributes to the total pressure in the system is called partial vapor pressure.
Liquid pressure or pressure at depth[link]
Used with liquid columns of constant density or at a depth within a substance (example: pressure at 20 km depth in the Earth).
- Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): P=\rho gh
where:
- P is Pressure
- g is gravity at the surface of overlaying material
- ρ is density of liquid or overlaying material
- h is height of liquid or depth within a substance
See also[link]
Notes[link]
- ^ The preferred spelling varies by country and even by industry. Further, both spellings are often used within a particular industry or country. Industries in British English-speaking countries typically use the "gauge" spelling. Many of the largest American manufacturers of pressure transducers and instrumentation use the spelling "gage pressure" in their most formal documentation (Honeywell-Sensotec's FAQ page and Fluke Corporation's product search page).
- ^ The usage of P vs p is context-driven. It depends on the field in which one is working, on the nearby presence of other symbols for quantities such as power and momentum, and on writing style.
References[link]
- ^ Giancoli, Douglas G. (2004). Physics: principles with applications. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Education. ISBN 0-13-060620-0.
- ^ "14th Conference of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures". Bipm.fr. http://www.bipm.fr/en/convention/cgpm/14/pascal-siemens.html. Retrieved 2012-03-27.
- ^ a b US Navy (2006). US Navy Diving Manual, 6th revision. United States: US Naval Sea Systems Command. p. 2-32. http://www.supsalv.org/00c3_publications.asp?destPage=00c3&pageID=3.9. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
- ^ "Rules and Style Conventions for Expressing Values of Quantities". NIST. http://physics.nist.gov/Pubs/SP811/sec07.html#7.4. Retrieved 2009-07-07.
- ^ NIST, Rules and Style Conventions for Expressing Values of Quantities, Sect. 7.4.
- ^ "Einstein's gravity under pressure". Springerlink.com. http://www.springerlink.com/content/c3540l4q9nr17627/. Retrieved 2012-03-27.
- ^ a b c d e Finnemore, John, E. and Joseph B. Franzini (2002). Fluid Mechanics: With Engineering Applications. New York, NY: McGraw Hill, Inc.. pp. 14–29. ISBN 978-0-07-243202-2.
- ^ NCEES (2011). Fundamentals of Engineering: Supplied Reference Handbook. Clemson, SC: NCEES. p. 64. ISBN 978-1-932613-59-9.
- ^ P. Atkins, J. de Paula Elements of Physical Chemistry, 4th Ed, W.H. Freeman, 2006. ISBN 0-7167-7329-5.
External links[link]
- Introduction to Fluid Statics and Dynamics on Project PHYSNET
- Pressure being a scalar quantity
- Online pressure converter for 15 different pressure units
http://wn.com/Pressure
Related pages:
http://it.wn.com/Pressione
http://cs.wn.com/Tlak
http://es.wn.com/Presión
http://ru.wn.com/Давление
http://nl.wn.com/Druk (grootheid)
http://id.wn.com/Tekanan
http://pl.wn.com/Ciśnienie
http://fr.wn.com/Pression
http://de.wn.com/Druck (Physik)
http://hi.wn.com/दाब
http://pt.wn.com/Pressão
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Nadia Ali | |
|---|---|
 Nadia Ali in 2011 |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Nadia Ali |
| Born | (1980-08-03) August 3, 1980 (age 31) Libya |
| Origin | Queens, New York, U.S. |
| Genres | Electronic dance music, trance, house |
| Occupations | Singer-songwriter |
| Instruments | Vocals |
| Years active | 2001–present |
| Labels | Smile in Bed |
| Associated acts | iiO, Armin van Buuren, Morgan Page, Avicii, Starkillers, Sultan & Ned Shepard |
| Website | nadiaali.com |
Nadia Ali (Urdu: نادیہ علی; born August 3, 1980) is a Pakistani American singer-songwriter, born in Libya and raised in Queens, New York. She gained attention as the frontwoman and songwriter of the band iiO, after their 2001 hit "Rapture" reached No. 2 on the UK Singles Chart.[1] The song also charted across several countries in Europe.[2] Their 2006 single, "Is It Love?", reached the top of the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play Chart.[3]
After embarking on a solo career in 2005, Ali became successful as an oft-requested vocalist in electronic dance music. She released her debut album Embers in 2009. Critics praised her unique songwriting, which combined electronica with ballads, Eastern and acoustic music. Three singles from the album reached the top-ten of the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play Chart, including the No. 1 hit, "Love Story".[4][5][6] The song was also nominated at the 25th International Dance Music Awards at the Winter Music Conference, while "Fantasy" was nominated for a Grammy award.[7][8]
In 2010, she released a remix compilation titled Queen of Clubs Trilogy to mark her decade-long career as a singer-songwriter. "Rapture" was re-released as the only single from the compilation and the song was once again a chart success in Europe.[9] Ali released the single "Pressure" with Starkillers and Alex Kenji in 2011, which became a club and festival anthem and received an International Dance Music Award.[10] She has also collaborated with several notable producers and DJs, such as Armin van Buuren, Schiller, BT and John Creamer & Stephane K. Ali is currently working on her second studio album titled Phoenix, which is due to be released in 2012.
Contents |
Life and career[link]
1980–2005: Early life and iiO[link]
Nadia Ali was born in Libya to Pakistani parents in 1980. The family relocated when she was five years old and she was subsequently raised in Queens, New York.[11][12] An eight year old Ali used any opportunity she could get to sing after a friend heard her humming a Madonna song at school and complimented her.[13] While continuing singing as a hobby and for the thrill of performing and receiving no formal vocal training, she had also started writing poems and songs for her friends by the time she was 15.[11] As a teenager her interest in dance music developed after visiting nightclubs in Manhattan and inspired her to dream that she would one day be featured on one of the records playing in the club.[14]
Ali started working in the New York offices of Versace when she was 17, where she attracted attention by singing at the Christmas parties.[11] A colleague from Versace introduced her to producer Markus Moser, who was looking for a female singer to collaborate on some of his original production for a girl group in Germany.[13] The two teamed up with Moser working on production, while Ali wrote the lyrics and vocals for the songs.[15] Her first song was the single "Rapture", which she wrote in 30 minutes based on an encounter with an Australian nightclub patron.[16] A demo of the song was first played at the New York club Twilo in 2001 and received early support from influential DJ Pete Tong who played the demo on his show on BBC Radio 1. The song eventually became an Ibiza favourite after support from prominent DJ's such as Sasha, Danny Tenaglia and Sander Kleinenberg during the summer season.[17] Released in late 2001 by Ministry of Sound, the single became a commercial success peaking at No. 2 on UK Singles Chart and Billboard's Hot Dance Club Play Chart, while charting in several countries in Europe.[1][2][3] The success of "Rapture", Ali said, caused the formation of iiO as the music they were initially working on was quite different from dance music and were asked to come up with a project name to promote the single.[18] They originally named themselves Vaiio after the Sony VAIO laptop Ali used to write the lyrics on.[2] The duo toured internationally and released several more singles, including "At the End", "Runaway", "Smooth", and "Kiss You". Their first studio album, Poetica followed in 2005.[4]
Ali left the group in 2005 to pursue a solo career, while Moser continued to release iiO material featuring her on vocals. Most notably, these releases include the 2006 single "Is It Love?", which reached No. 1 in America on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play Chart,[3] the 2007 remix album Reconstruction Time: The Best Of iiO Remixed[4] and the 2011 studio album Exit 110.[4] When asked about her decision to pursue a solo career, she said her time with iiO was a great learning experience but she decided to leave because she didn't want to restrict herself to one style of music but explore her creativity and also to have the freedom to collaborate with others artists.[19]
Her decision to pursue a career as a singer was not initially encouraged by her Pakistani parents who were academically inclined and wanted her to pursue a more stable career. She has said since then they have evolved and are one of her biggest supporters.[12] Speaking of her identity as a Pakistani and Muslim woman, she has said it is very important to her to set an example that they are able to contribute positively and capable of taking their career into their own hands. Explaining further, she said that she feels it as her responsibility to any women who are sometimes stereotyped to show that they can contribute to arts or any professional field.[11] Her ethnicity, she has stated, has been an advantage and helped her stand out in the entertainment industry.[20] She has said that over the years, she has met South Asian women who have told her that her story has inspired them to pursue something they loved.[21]
[edit] 2006–09: Embers
Ali started working on her debut solo album soon after leaving iiO, a process which took her four years. She attributed the delay to her busy tour schedule and the fact that she was still learning and "trying to establish her identity as a songwriter and co-producer".[18][22] Her first solo release was the 2006 single, "Who is Watching?", a collaboration with Dutch DJ Armin van Buuren, which appeared on his album Shivers.[23] She has described "Who is Watching?" as one of her most meaningful songs, the song described one's struggle to reach the top, only to realise once one is there how lonely it is and how one has forgotten their priorities and the important people in their life.[24] This was followed by "Something to Lose" in 2006, a duet with singer-songwriter Rosko, produced by John Creamer & Stephane K and released by Ultra Records. The track was licensed to Roger Sanchez's Release Yourself, Vol. 5, as well as Sharam Tayebi of Deep Dish for his Global Underground debut Dubai.[25][26]
In June 2008, she released "Crash and Burn", the first single from her solo album. The single became a club success peaking at No. 6 on Billboard's Hot Dance Club Play Chart.[5] She released the second single, "Love Story" from the as-yet untitled album in February 2009. It topped Billboard Hot Dance Club Play Chart in April 2009 and was nominated for the Best Progressive/House Track at the 2010 International Dance Music Awards at the Winter Music Conference.[6][7] Ali was featured on MTV Iggy in March 2009, where she recorded three live acoustic videos, performing "Rapture", "Crash and Burn" and "Love Story".[27]
The third single "Fine Print" was released in July 2009. Ali announced that the single preceded the release of her debut solo album Embers.[28] The single peaked at No. 4 on Billboard's Hot Dance Club Play Chart.[29] Embers was released in September 2009. Co-produced by Sultan & Ned Shepard, Alex Sayz and Scott Fritz, Ali self-released the album on her own label, Smile in Bed Records.[22] Embers generally received positive reviews, Chase Gran from About.com called it a "well rounded, gourmet album with impressive songs".[30] Gail Navarro from Racket magazine complimented Ali on her songwriting saying, "It wasn’t just her sultry sound mixed in together with that enchanting singing voice; her songwriting got me hook, line and sinker".[31] Speaking about the self-release of the album, she has cited her creative independence and the pressure of deadlines as the main reasons why she created her own record label.[32][33] She chose to release her singles and albums digitally citing the nature of the electronic music audience with the listener choosing to click a button and getting music instantly and the traditional method of distribution deals in the United States.[32]
Ali released two collaborations in 2009, the first "Better Run" with Tocadisco was released on his album TOCA 128.0 FM and "12 Wives In Tehran" with Serge Devant was released on his album Wanderer.[34][35]
[edit] 2010–2011: Queen of Clubs Trilogy
File:Nadia Ali Queen of Clubs.jpeg
Promotional material for Queen of Clubs Trilogy featured a playing card with Nadia Ali as the "Queen of Clubs"
Ali's first release in 2010 was the track "Try", a collaboration with German producer Schiller, chosen as the lead single from his album Atemlos, the music video premiered on YouTube in February 2010.[36] In April 2010, Ali released "Fantasy", the fourth single from Embers. The track was chosen as a single by her fans after a poll conducted by Ali on her Facebook page.[22] The music video for "Fantasy" was set to the Morgan Page remix, which served as a prologue to Ali's next project; Queen of Clubs Trilogy: The Best of Nadia Ali Remixed. Speaking about the project, Ali mentioned that she wanted a remix compilation, which spanned the 10 years of her career from her one-half as iiO, to her solo album and collaborations.[37] Explaining the name of the concept, she said she wanted to incorporate her upbringing in Queens and the fact that her music is predominantly played in nightclubs.[38] Using that inspiration, she decided to use the playing card "Queen of Clubs" as the title, portraying herself as the Queen, a move she described as "audacious" but something she felt she could prove because she had the substance.[37] The package was broken into three releases: Ruby Edition (August 2010), Onyx Edition (October 2010) and Diamond Edition (December 2010). It featured collaborations with, and remixes by, Armin van Buuren, Gareth Emery and Avicii amongst several other prominent DJs and producers.[39]
I think the fact that it (electronic dance music) is mostly male dominated makes females stand out that much more if they are driven enough. I believe anything is possible with hard work.
– Nadia Ali[40]
With a decade-long career, MTV described Ali as one of the "enduring empresses" of electronic dance music and the Queen of Clubs Trilogy as "aptly titled".[41] Noted for being the "definitive" and "unmistakable" voice of dance music, she is said to have "enriched" and "invigorated" the genre.[21][42] Ali has went on to become an oft-requested collaborator by DJs and producers.[22] She was praised for acquiring notability in a male and DJ-dominated genre where vocalists serve as supporting acts.[40][43] In December 2010 she received her first Grammy nomination when the Morgan Page remix of "Fantasy" was nominated in the Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical category.[8]
Her first track with iiO, "Rapture" was re-released as a single from Queen of Clubs Trilogy with remixes by Tristan Garner, Gareth Emery and Avicii. A new music video for the track was shot based on the "Queen of Clubs" theme and released on January 24, 2011.[44] The song peaked at No. 3 on the Romanian Top 100 chart, while charting in other European countries.[9]
Throughout 2010, Ali's collaborations with DJs and producers were released. These included remixes of her upcoming collaboration "That Day" with Dresden and Johnston, which were released on compilation albums. The next, "The Notice" with Swiss duo Chris Reece was released on July 13 on all digital retailers.[45] Ali was featured on the track "Feels So Good" on Armin van Buuren's fourth album Mirage. Released as the fifth single from the album, the song was voted as the Best Trance Track at the 27th International Dance Music Awards in the Best Trance Song category.[10][46] She was also a featured guest on his Armin Only tour.[12]
During 2011, Ali announced the release of collaborations with several DJs and producers. The first of these was "Call My Name" with the duo Sultan & Ned Shepard, released by Harem Records on February 9. "Call My Name" was a club success, charting at No. 5 on Billboard Hot Dance Club Play Chart.[47] The second track "Pressure", a collaboration with Starkillers and Alex Kenji was released on February 15 by Spinnin' Records.[48] The Alesso remix of "Pressure" became a club and festival anthem and received support from notable DJs such as Armin van Buuren, Tiesto, Swedish House Mafia and Calvin Harris and was voted the Best Progressive House Track at the 27th International Dance Music Awards.[10][49]
In April, iiO released the studio album Exit 110, which featured Ali on vocals. She distanced herself from the album and stated she had no involvement in the project besides her vocals and words from nearly 10 years ago being used for the songs.[50] She described it as "interesting" that there was new material featuring her released by iiO when she hadn't worked with Moser since 2005.[19] She further said that she hadn't spoken with Moser since her departure and when asked whether the split of iiO was amicable, she refused to explain the circumstances surrounding the dissolution of the duo.[19] On May 23, her next collaboration, "Free To Go" with Alex Sayz was released by Zouk Recordings.[51] She was featured on Sander van Doorn's second studio album Eleve11 on the track "Rolling the Dice", a collaboration between van Doorn, Sidney Samson and her.[52] Her next release was the single "Believe It" with the German duo Spencer & Hill, which was released on October 3 by Wall Recordings.[53] She collaborated once again with Starkillers on the single "Keep It Coming", which was released on December 26 by Spinnin' Records.[54]
[edit] 2012–present: Phoenix
As of November 2010, Ali had begun working on her second studio album.[12] A music video for the lead single from the album, "When It Rains", was released on her YouTube channel on August 17 2011 with a release date to be announced.[55] She attributed the delay in the release of the album once again on her busy touring schedule citing the demand to perform live particularly in the United States.[56][57] However, beginning in February 2012 she took 40 days off to finalise the album, which she said would be titled Phoenix.[56] She chose the name as an allusion to what she felt was a relaunch of her career.[58] Explaining the creative process behind the album, she said she chose to work with a mix of international producers in an effort to combine the North American understanding of good songwriting with the European expertise in production to create a high energy dance album catered for her dance music fans.[57][59] She said she had tried to bring together the DJs who she had released songs with in the last few years to make one cohesive compilation.[58] The theme of the album, she elaborated, was trying to get the listener to understand the "artist personality" and the singer-songwriter behind the music.[59]
Her first release in 2012 was "This Is Your Life", the fourth single from Swiss DJ EDX's album On The Edge.[60] That was followed by "Carry Me", a collaboration with Morgan Page on his third studio album, In the Air.[61] Her next release will be "Must Be The Love", the lead single from BT's upcoming eighth studio album, which was a collaboration between him, Arty and Ali.[62]
Musical style and influences[link]
Ali is perhaps best known for her characteristic voice and vocal abilities.[21][31][63] Reema Kumari Jadeja from MOBO described her work as "masterfully encapsulating euphoric and melancholic, Ali’s signature music style sees Eastern mystique caressed with intelligent electronica and fortified with soul".[21] The songs on Embers were likened to Madonna's work in her prime and a "modern re-intepretation" of Stevie Nicks. Billboard praised her voice for having "too much life on its own".[42][31][63] Ali has been influenced by an eclectic mix of artists, which she credits to her Eastern background and upbringing in Queens.[18][33] She listed alternative, folk, Indian and Pakistani music as her biggest influences.[16][18] Some of her vocal and songwriting influences, she said, were Stevie Nicks, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Madonna, Sade and Bono.[13][16][32]
 |
"Crash and Burn" combines Ali's signature music styles: Eastern, electronic and acoustic
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| Problems listening to this file? See media help. | |
Her debut album was noted for a blend of electronica, acoustic and Middle Eastern melodies.[30] Speaking about Embers, Ali said she did not want a typical dance record and chose to experiment, particularly with the number of ballads on the album.[18] Meanwhile, her second album Phoenix, she said would be a more "high-energy" dance album, where while she maintained her characteristic vocal style, she also experimented with the musical style.[58] She said while working on the album she was inspired and influenced by indie pop and the styles of Avicii, R3hab and Skrillex.[58] Ali has collaborated with DJs from a broad range of genres and styles in electronic dance music. Some of the resulting work has been described as minimal trance,[64] "sad disco"[36] and "mainstream pop".[45]
She has been praised for her songwriting, describing personal experiences with people, which "hit a powerful and striking chord" with the listener.[31] Ali has said she almost always prefers to sing a song she has written herself and that the best songs are mostly written when they narrate a true account.[13][14] The songs on Embers, Ali has stated, describe the relationships she has experienced and the emotions they have left behind.[40] The song "Fantasy", she said, summed her up how she likes to be recognised, "an emotional songwriter who loves being a part of electronic music".[22] Ali has said in the future she would like to focus more on production and songwriting and has written songs for Tocadisco, Avicii, Hardwell, Sultan & Ned Shepard, EDX and Pete tha Zouk.[21][24]
Discography[link]
Main article: Nadia Ali discography
- Studio albums
- Embers (2009)
- Phoenix (2012)
- Compilations
- Queen of Clubs Trilogy: Ruby Edition (2010)
- Queen of Clubs Trilogy: Onyx Edition (2010)
- Queen of Clubs Trilogy: Diamond Edition (2010)
Awards and nominations[link]
| Year | Nominated work | Award | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | "Love Story" | Best Progressive/Tech House Track at 25th International Dance Music Awards | Nominated |
| 2011 | "Fantasy (Morgan Page Remix)" | Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical at 53rd Grammy Awards | Nominated |
| 2012 | "Feels So Good" | Best Trance Track at 27th International Dance Music Awards | Won |
| "Pressure (Alesso Remix)" | Best Progressive Track at 27th International Dance Music Awards | Won |
References[link]
- ^ a b "UK Charts > iiO". UK Singles Chart. The Official UK Charts Company. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170879864. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
- ^ a b c "iiO Biography & Awards". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/iio/bio/191695. Retrieved 6 June 2011.
- ^ a b c "iiO- singles". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. http://www.billboard.com/artist/iio/chart-history/191695?f=359&g=Singles#/artist/iio/chart-history/191695?f=359&g=Singles. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
- ^ a b c d "iiO - Albums". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170879881. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
- ^ a b "Dance Club Play Chart". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. 18 October 2008. http://www.billboard.com/charts/dance-club-play-songs?chartDate=2008-10-18#/charts/dance-club-play-songs?chartDate=2008-10-18. Retrieved 28 April 2011.
- ^ a b "Dance Club Play Chart". Billboard.com. Rovi Corporation. 25 April 2009. http://www.billboard.com/charts/dance-club-play-songs?chartDate=2009-04-25?tag=relcharts#/charts/dance-club-play-songs?chartDate=2009-04-25?tag=relcharts. Retrieved 28 April 2011.
- ^ a b "Winter Music Conference 2010 - WMC 2010 - IDMA's - 2009 IDMA Nominees and Winners FOR 2010". International Dance Music Awards. Winter Music Conference. Archived from the original on 2 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5z8qjZwHz. Retrieved 2 June 2011.
- ^ a b "Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical - Nominees and Winners". National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on 2 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5z8rTkI6k. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
- ^ a b Chart Positions for Nadia Ali - "Rapture":
- "Romanian Top 100". Romanian Top 100. Archived from the original on 2 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5z8u4lvJq. Retrieved 2 June 2011.
- "Ultratop.be – Nadia Ali – Rapture" (in Dutch). Ultratop50. Ultratop & Hung Medien/hitparade.ch. http://www.ultratop.be/nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Nadia+Ali&titel=Rapture&cat=s. Retrieved 9 June 2011.
- "Dutchcharts.nl – Nadia Ali – Rapture" (in Dutch). Mega Single Top 100. Hung Medien/hitparade.ch. http://www.dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Nadia+Ali&titel=Rapture&cat=s. Retrieved 9 June 2011.
- "Lescharts.com – Nadia Ali – Rapture" (in French). Les classement single. Hung Medien. http://www.lescharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Nadia+Ali&titel=Rapture&cat=s. Retrieved 9 June 2011.
- ^ a b c "27th International Dance Music Awards - Winter Music Conference 2012 - WMC 2012". International Dance Music Awards. Winter Music Conference. Archived from the original on 1 February 2012. http://www.webcitation.org/657CVFjrT. Retrieved 1 February 2012.
- ^ a b c d Imran Siddiqui (interviewer) (21 September 2006). Nadia Ali interview (Television Production). United States: Voice of America. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K6YY0OVYyWs. Retrieved 1 June 2011.
- ^ a b c d "Q&A With Dance Music Diva Nadia Ali page 3". MTV Desi. MTV Networks. 10 November 2010. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5zEpUqAgJ. Retrieved 28 April 2011.
- ^ a b c d "Behind the Voice: Nadia Ali". Armada Music. 16 July 2010. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170880019. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
- ^ a b Alvin, Simon Lee &. "Nadia Ali's Music are True Accounts". Radio Kul. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170880089. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
- ^ Warner, Jennifer. "Welcome to DJ Fix". DJ Fix. Archived from the original on 9 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5zJ8j41wp. Retrieved 9 June 2011.
- ^ a b c Ali, Nadia (12 November 2009). The Rapturous Voice of iiO - Nadia Ali. Interview with Adz. Hump Day Crew. Joy 94.9. Melbourne, Australia.
- ^ "Interview with Markus Moser, one half of dance duo iio (UK Top 5)". Hit Quarters. 15 May 2003. Archived from the original on 7 October 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/62FQAu1Xj. Retrieved 7 October 2011.
- ^ a b c d e "Nadia Ali interview". Pro Motion. The Brad LeBeau Co. Inc. 12 August 2009. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170879899. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
- ^ a b c Ali, Nadia (12 November 2011). Nadia Ali Interview. (Interview). Sat Night House Party. 93.3 FLZ Tampa. Tampa, Florida. http://www.933flz.com/cc-common/podcast/single_page.html?podcast=houseparty&selected_podcast=finky_nadiaali-111211_1321286900_10654.mp3. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
- ^ Nair, Shwetha (18 December 2010). "I like shy guys: Nadia Ali". iDiva. Times Internet Limited. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5zErzOWpV. Retrieved 6 June 2011.
- ^ a b c d e Jadeja, Reema Kumari (28 December 2010). "MOBO Exclusive: Nadia Ali - Empress of the Empire". MOBO. MOBO Organisation. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170880036. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
- ^ a b c d e Stern, Bradley (17 February 2010). "Interview with Nadia Ali". muumuse. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170879890. Retrieved 28 April 2011.
- ^ "Shivers - Armin van Buuren". Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Archived from the original on 2 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5z8n1IGCL. Retrieved 2 June 2011.
- ^ a b "Nadia Ali interview". AscenDance Radio. 1 February 2011. Archived from the original on 7 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5zGF1ZeCy. Retrieved 6 June 2011.
- ^ "Release Yourself, Vol.5 - Roger Sanchez". Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Archived from the original on 2 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5z8m5Irbi. Retrieved 2 June 2011.
- ^ "Dubai - Sharam". Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Archived from the original on 2 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5z8lxXcas. Retrieved 2 June 2011.
- ^ "Nadia Ali's New Album Embers". MTV Iggy. MTV Networks. 16 September 2009. Archived from the original on 2 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5z8mtVDeF. Retrieved 2 June 2011.
- ^ Stern, Bradley (1 July 2009). "Nadia Ali prepares release of new single, album". muumuse. Archived from the original on 3 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5zAGzMLUi. Retrieved 3 June 2011.
- ^ "Dance Club Play Chart". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. 24 October 2009. http://www.billboard.com/charts/dance-club-play-songs?chartDate=2009-11-14&order=drop#/charts/dance-club-play-songs?chartDate=2009-10-24. Retrieved 28 April 2011.
- ^ a b Gran, Chase. "Nadia Ali – ‘Embers’". About.com. The New York Times Company. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170879934. Retrieved 28 April 2011.
- ^ a b c d Navarro, Gail (5 December 2009). "Nadia Ali – ‘Embers’ – CD Review". Racket Magazine. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170879943. Retrieved 28 April 2011.
- ^ a b c Murphy, Dan (2 October 2009). "Nadia Ali - A Love Story". Same Same. Archived from the original on 1 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5z7Yek0ZI. Retrieved 1 June 2011.
- ^ a b "Beatsmedia interviews Nadia Ali". Beatsmedia. 4 July 2010. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170880054. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
- ^ "Toca 128.0 FM - Tocadisco". Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Archived from the original on 2 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5z8n6nP0p. Retrieved 2 June 2011.
- ^ "Wanderer - Serge Devant". Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Archived from the original on 2 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5z8n3nmNO. Retrieved 2 June 2011.
- ^ a b Stern, Bradley (19 February 2010). "Schiller ft. Nadia Ali: Try (Video Premiere)". muumuse. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170879952. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
- ^ a b C, Joey (April/May 2011). "The Ish with Joey C + Nadia Ali". Downtown Niche (El Paso, Texas) 7: 6–7.
- ^ "Q&A With Dance Music Diva Nadia Ali page 1". MTV Desi. MTV Networks. 10 November 2010. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170879983. Retrieved 28 April 2011.
- ^ Albums in the Queen of Clubs Trilogy: The Best of Nadia Ali Remixed:
- Queen of Clubs Trilogy: Ruby Edition (Liner Notes). Nadia Ali. Smile in Bed Records. 2010.
- Queen of Clubs Trilogy: Onyx Edition (Liner Notes). Nadia Ali. Smile in Bed Records. 2010.
- Queen of Clubs Trilogy: Diamond Edition (Liner Notes). Nadia Ali. Smile in Bed Records. 2010.
- ^ a b c Richards, Lola (8 January 2010). "Nadia Ali: interview Article". Hipster Overkill. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170880080. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
- ^ Bhansali, Akshay (4 February 2011). "Nadia Ali stunned by 'Fantasy' Grammy Nomination". MTV. MTV Networks. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170880097. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
- ^ a b Mason, Kerri (April 1, 2011). "Sultan & Ned Shepard featuring Nadia Ali, "Call My Name"". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Archived from the original on 6 September 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/61Tk9T8KC. Retrieved 6 September 2011.
- ^ "'Rapture' singer Nadia Ali in the city". Times of India. 1 June 2011. Archived from the original on 3 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5zAHZ069O. Retrieved 3 June 2011.
- ^ "Nadia Ali - Rapture music video". Armada Music. 25 January 2011. Archived from the original on 2 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5z8mn01nD. Retrieved 2 June 2011.
- ^ a b Stern, Bradley (13 July 2010). "Nadia Ali and Chris Reece – The Notice (video premiere)". muumuse. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170880001. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
- ^ "Armin van Buuren feat. Nadia Ali - Feels So Good". Armada Music. 19 June 2011. Archived from the original on 22 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5zdacGOOI. Retrieved 22 June 2011.
- ^ "Dance Club Play Chart". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. 30 April 2011. http://www.billboard.com/charts/dance-club-play-songs#/charts/dance-club-play-songs?chartDate=2011-04-30. Retrieved 28 April 2011.
- ^ "Nadia Ali, Starkillers & Alex Kenji - Pressure (Original Mix)". Spinnin' . 15 February 2011. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NKfcg85fhTU/. Retrieved 6 June 2011.
- ^ Veevers, Brandon (19 October 2011). "Nadia Ali, Starkillers & Alex Kenji Release Some Pressure". Entertainment Focus. Archived from the original on 24 October 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/62fe1silO. Retrieved 24 October 2011.
- ^ Nihal, Mariam (5 October 2011). "Living a Fantasy with Nadia Ali". Arab News. Archived from the original on 14 October 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/62PnxNokm. Retrieved 14 October 2011.
- ^ "Alex Sayz feat. Nadia Ali - Free to Go". Armada Music. 25 May 2011. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5zEqeaxJb. Retrieved 6 June 2011.
- ^ "Sander van Doorn unveils new artist album". inthemix. 16 Augguest 2011. http://www.inthemix.com.au/news/intl/50835/Sander_van_Doorn_unveils_new_artist_album. Retrieved 19 August 2011.
- ^ "Spencer & Hill & Nadia Ali – "Believe It" (Club Mix) (Exclusive Preview)". Spinnin'. 23 September 2011. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_B55u21Kk-A. Retrieved 23 September 2011.
- ^ "Starkillers & Nadia Ali – Keep It Coming [Teaser"]. Spinnin' . December 14, 2011. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bEMJ2RcuLj8. Retrieved 10 February 2012.
- ^ "Nadia Ali – "When it Rains" Official Music Video". Smile in Bed. August 19, 2010. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_B55u21Kk-A. Retrieved August 19, 2011.
- ^ a b Ali, Nadia (5 January 2012). Sisanie Chats with Nadia Ali. Interview with Sisanie. Sis's House. 102.7 KIIS FM. Los Angeles, California. http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=sd6QahdfAk4. Retrieved 10 February 2012.
- ^ a b Nadia Ali **Live** V-Live Saturday January 21st (YouTube Video). Chicago, Illinois: V-Live. 1 February 2012. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PT1-45s1QU8. Retrieved 10 February 2012.
- ^ a b c d Rosado, Nicola (11 April 2012). "Nadia Ali In Early Stages Of Phoenix Album". MTV. MTV Networks. Archived from the original on 13 April 2012. http://www.webcitation.org/66szZbGLb. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
- ^ a b Chris Heinrich (Director) (1 March 2012). Nadia Ali interview by Less Than 3 (YouTube Video). United States: Less Than 3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x77JCQZSUfo. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
- ^ "EDX - On The Edge". Armada Music. 29 January 2012. Archived from the original on 10 February 2012. http://www.webcitation.org/65LO0g6np. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
- ^ Norman, Ben. "Morgan Page - 'In the Air' CD Review". About.com. The New York Times Company. http://dancemusic.about.com/od/reviews/fr/Morgan-Page-In-The-Air-Cd-Review.htm. Retrieved 30 March 2012.
- ^ "Armada Music signs new BT album". Armada Music. 1 May 2012. Archived from the original on 22 May 2012. http://www.webcitation.org/67qmvrS4S. Retrieved 22 May 2012.
- ^ a b Stern, Bradley (12 February 2009). "Nadia Ali - Love Story". muumuse. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170880045. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
- ^ "Nadia Ali’s Biography". Official Nadia Ali Website. Smile in Bed. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1306860170880063. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
External links[link]
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||||||||||||||||||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Ali, Nadia |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | singer-songwriter |
| Date of birth | August 3, 1980 |
| Place of birth | Libya |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Nadia_Ali
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Billy Joel | |
|---|---|
 Billy Joel at the 2009 premiere of the Metropolitan Opera. |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | William Martin Joel[1] |
| Also known as | Bill Martin |
| Born | (1949-05-09) May 9, 1949 (age 63) The Bronx, New York City, New York, United States |
| Origin | Hicksville, New York, United States |
| Genres | Rock, pop, soft rock, classical |
| Occupations | Singer-songwriter, pianist |
| Instruments | Vocals, piano, guitar, harmonica, keyboard, accordion, organ, melodica, clavinet, percussion, harpsichord |
| Years active | 1964–present |
| Labels | Columbia, Family Productions, Sony Classical |
| Associated acts | The Echoes, The Hassles, Attila, Bruce Springsteen, Elton John |
| Website | www.billyjoel.com |
| Notable instruments | |
| Steinway piano[2] | |
William Martin "Billy" Joel (born May 9, 1949) is an American pianist, singer-songwriter, and composer. Since releasing his first hit song, "Piano Man," in 1973, Joel has become the sixth best-selling recording artist and the third best-selling solo artist in the United States, according to the RIAA.[3]
Joel had Top 40 hits in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, achieving 33 Top 40 hits in the United States, all of which he wrote himself. He is also a six-time Grammy Award winner, a 23-time Grammy nominee and has sold over 150 million records worldwide.[4] He was inducted into the Songwriter's Hall of Fame (1992), the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (1999), the Long Island Music Hall of Fame (2006), and the Hit Parade Hall of Fame (2009). In 2008, Billboard magazine released a list of the Hot 100 All-Time Top Artists to celebrate the US singles chart's 50th anniversary, with Billy Joel positioned at No. 23. With the exception of the 2007 songs "All My Life" and "Christmas in Fallujah," Joel stopped recording pop/rock material after 1993's River of Dreams, but he continued to tour extensively until 2010.[5]
Contents
|
Early life[link]
Joel was born in the Bronx[1] and raised in Hicksville, New York. His father, Howard (born Helmuth), was born in Germany, the son of German merchant and manufacturer Karl Amson Joel, who, after the advent of the Nazi regime, emigrated to Switzerland and later to the United States. Billy Joel's mother, Rosalind Nyman, was born in England to Philip and Rebecca Nyman. Both Joel's parents were Jewish. They divorced in 1960, and his father moved to Vienna, Austria. Billy has a sister, Judith Joel, and a half-brother, Alexander Joel, who is an acclaimed classical conductor in Europe and currently chief musical director of the Staatstheater Braunschweig.[6]
Joel's father was an accomplished classical pianist. Billy reluctantly began piano lessons at an early age, at his mother's insistence; his teachers included the noted American pianist Morton Estrin[7] and musician/songwriter Timothy Ford. His interest in music, rather than sports, was a source of teasing and bullying in his early years. (He has said in interviews that his piano instructor also taught ballet. Her name was Frances Neiman, and she was a Juilliard trained musician. She gave both classic piano and ballet lessons in the studio attached to the rear of her house, leading neighborhood bullies to mistakenly think he was learning to dance.)[citation needed] As a teenager, Joel took up boxing so that he would be able to defend himself. He boxed successfully on the amateur Golden Gloves circuit for a short time, winning twenty-two bouts, but abandoned the sport shortly after having his nose broken in his twenty-fourth boxing match.[8]
Joel attended Hicksville High School with the class of 1967. However, he did not graduate. At the time, he was helping his single mother make ends meet by playing at a piano bar, and this interfered with his school attendance.[9] After his senior year, he still was short of the total number of credits he needed to graduate. Rather than attend summer school, Joel decided to quit high school without a diploma in order to begin a career in music. Joel recounted, "I told them, 'To hell with it. If I'm not going to Columbia University, I'm going to Columbia Records and you don't need a high school diploma over there'."[10] Columbia did, in fact, become the label that eventually signed him. In 1992, he submitted essays to the school board and was awarded his diploma at Hicksville High's annual graduation ceremony, 25 years after he had left.[11]
Music career[link]
Early career[link]
Upon seeing The Beatles on The Ed Sullivan Show in 1964, Joel decided to pursue a full-time musical career, and set about finding a local Long Island band to join. Eventually he founded the Echoes, a group that specialized in British Invasion covers. The Echoes became a popular New York attraction, which convinced him to leave high school to become a professional musician. He began playing for the Echoes when he was 14 years old.[12]
Joel began playing recording sessions with the Echoes in 1965, when he was 16 years old. Joel played piano on several recordings produced by Shadow Morton, including (as claimed by Joel, but denied by songwriter Ellie Greenwich) the Shangri-Las' Leader of the Pack,[13] as well as several records released through Kama Sutra Productions. During this time, the Echoes started to play numerous late-night shows.
Billy Joel (left) with The Hassles.
Billy Joel (left) and Jon Small (right), Attila, in 1970.
Later, in 1965, the Echoes changed their name to the Emeralds and then to the Lost Souls. For two years, Joel played sessions and performed with the Lost Souls. In 1967, he left that band to join the Hassles, a Long Island band that had signed a contract with United Artists Records. Over the next year and a half, they released The Hassles in 1967, Hour of the Wolf in 1968, and four singles, all of which failed commercially. Following The Hassles' demise in 1969, he formed the duo Attila with Hassles drummer Jon Small. Attila released their eponymous debut album in July 1970, and disbanded the following October. The reason for the group's break-up has been attributed to Joel's affair with Small's wife, Elizabeth, whom Joel eventually married.[14]
[edit] Cold Spring Harbor
Joel signed his first solo record contract with Artie Ripp's Family Productions, and subsequently recorded his first solo album. Cold Spring Harbor (a reference to the Long Island town of the same name), was released in 1971. However, Ripp mastered and released the album at the wrong speed, resulting in Joel's voice sounding a semitone too high. In addition, the onerous terms of Ripp's Family Productions contract also guaranteed Joel very little money from the sales of his albums.
Popular cuts such as "She's Got a Way" and "Everybody Loves You Now" were originally released on this album, although they did not gain much attention until released as live performances in 1981 on Songs in the Attic. Since then, they have become favorite concert numbers. Cold Spring Harbor gained a second chance on the charts in 1984, when Columbia reissued the album after slowing it down to the correct speed. The album reached #158 in the US and #95 in the UK nearly a year later.
Joel gigged locally in New York City in the fall of 1971 and moved out to Los Angeles early in 1972, adopting the stage name Bill Martin.[15] While in California he did a six month gig in The Executive Room piano bar on Wilshire Boulevard. It was there he composed his signature hit "Piano Man" about the various patrons of the lounge. Subsequently he toured with his band members (Rhys Clark on drums, Al Hertzberg on guitar, and Larry Russell on bass) until the end of June 1972 throughout the US and Puerto Rico, opening for headliners such as J. Geils Band, The Beach Boys and Taj Mahal. At the Mar y sol festival in Puerto Rico, he electrified the crowd and got a big boost for his career.[16]
In addition Philadelphia radio station WMMR-FM started playing a concert recording of Joel performing his "Captain Jack," which became an underground hit on the East Coast. Herb Gordon, an executive of Columbia Records, heard Joel's music and made his company aware of Joel's talent. Joel signed a recording contract with Columbia in 1972 and moved to Los Angeles. He lived there for three years (and has since declared that those three years were a big mistake),[17] returning to New York City in 1975.
Early Columbia years: 1973–1976[link]
Joel's experiences in Los Angeles connected him with record company executives, who bought out his contract with Ripp under the condition that the Family Productions logo be displayed alongside the Columbia logo for the next ten albums, and Family Productions would receive a 25-cent royalty on every Joel album sold. The president of CBS/Columbia Records at the time, Walter Yetnikoff, bought back the rights to Joel's songs from Artie Ripp in the late 1970s, giving the rights to the songs back to Joel as a birthday gift.[18][19] However, Yetnikoff notes in the documentary film The Last Play at Shea that he ultimately had to threaten Ripp in order to finalize the deal for the song rights. So, although Ripp continued to make money on Joel's albums, Joel at least had ownership of his songs through the help of the president of his new record label.
The stand-out track from his first album for Columbia Records, Piano Man, was the title track, which, despite only making it to #25 on the Billboard Hot 100, stands as Joel's signature song (he ends nearly all of his concerts with it).
Joel's touring band changed as well in 1973. Don Evans replaced Al Hertzberg on guitar, and Patrick McDonald took over the bass position previously held by Larry Russell, and was then replaced in late 1974 by Doug Stegmeyer, who remained with Joel until 1989. Rhys Clark returned as drummer, Tom Whitehorse on banjo and pedal steel and then Johnny Almond on sax and keyboards rounded out the band. Joel's infectious spirit and talent galvanized the band into a tight performing unit, touring the U.S. and Canada extensively and appearing on the popular music shows of the day. Joel's songwriting was now attracting more attention; Helen Reddy recorded "You're My Home" (from Piano Man) in 1974.
Joel remained in Los Angeles to write Streetlife Serenade, his second album on the Columbia label. It was around this time that Jon Troy, an old friend from the New York neighborhood of Bedford-Stuyvesant, acted as Joel's manager although he would soon be replaced by Joel's wife Elizabeth.[20] References to both suburbia and the inner city pepper the album.
The stand-out track on the album is "The Entertainer", a #34 hit in the U.S. which picks up thematically where "Piano Man" left off. Joel was upset that "Piano Man" had been significantly edited down to make it more radio-friendly, and in "The Entertainer," he refers to the edit with sarcastic lines such as "If you're gonna have a hit, you gotta make it fit, so they cut it down to 3:05", alluding to shortening of singles for radio play, as compared with the longer versions that appear on albums. Although Streetlife Serenade is often considered one of Joel's weaker albums (Joel has confirmed his distaste for the album), it nevertheless contains some notable tracks, including the title track, "Los Angelenos" and the instrumental "Root Beer Rag", which was a staple of his live set in the 1970s and was resurrected frequently in 2007 and 2008. Streetlife Serenade also marks the beginning of a more confident vocal style on Joel's part.
In late 1975, he played piano and organ on several tracks on Bo Diddley's The 20th Anniversary of Rock 'n' Roll all-star album.
Disenchanted with the L.A. music scene, Joel returned to New York in 1976. There he recorded Turnstiles, for which he used his own hand-picked musicians in the studio for the first time, and also adopted a more hands-on role. Songs were initially recorded at Caribou Ranch with members of Elton John's band, and produced by famed Chicago producer James William Guercio, but Joel was dissatisfied with the results. The songs were re-recorded in New York, and Joel took over, producing the album himself.
The minor hit "Say Goodbye to Hollywood" echoed the Phil Spector sound, and was covered by Ronnie Spector (in a 2008 radio interview, Joel said he does not perform "Say Goodbye to Hollywood" in his live shows anymore because it is in too high a key and "shreds" his vocal cords.) The album also featured the song "New York State of Mind", a bluesy, jazzy epic that has become one of Joel's signature songs, and which was later covered by fellow Columbia labelmates Barbra Streisand, on her 1977 Streisand Superman album, and as a duet with Tony Bennett, on his 2001 Playing with My Friends: Bennett Sings the Blues album. Other songs on the album include "Summer, Highland Falls", "Miami 2017 (Seen the Lights Go Out on Broadway)" and "Say Goodbye to Hollywood", which became a Top 40 hit in 1981 in a live version. Songs such as the powerful "Prelude/Angry Young Man" have become a mainstay of his concerts.
[edit] The Stranger and 52nd Street
For The Stranger, Columbia Records teamed Joel with producer Phil Ramone. The album was released in September 1977, and yielded four Top-25 hits on the Billboard charts in the US: "Just the Way You Are" (#3), "Movin' Out (Anthony's Song)" (#17), "Only the Good Die Young" (#24), and "She's Always a Woman" (#17). Album sales exceeded Columbia's previous top-selling album, Simon & Garfunkel's Bridge Over Troubled Water,[21] and was certified multi-platinum. His first-ever Top Ten album, it reached #2 on the charts. Ramone subsequently produced every Billy Joel studio release up to Storm Front, initially released in 1989. The Stranger also featured "Scenes from an Italian Restaurant", an album-oriented rock classic, which has become one of his best-known songs.
The Stranger netted Joel Grammy awards for Record of the Year and Song of the Year, for "Just the Way You Are", which was written as a gift to his wife Elizabeth. He received a late night phone call to his hotel room in Paris (he was on tour) in February 1979, letting him know he had won in both categories.[22]
Joel faced high expectations on his next album. 52nd Street was named after the famous street of the same name which hosted many of the world's premier jazz venues and performers throughout the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s. Fans purchased over seven million copies on the strength of the hits "My Life" (#3), "Big Shot" (#14), and "Honesty" (#24). This helped 52nd Street become Joel's first #1 album. "My Life" eventually became the theme song for a new US television sitcom, Bosom Buddies, which featured actor Tom Hanks in one of his earliest roles. The album won Grammys for Best Pop Vocal Performance, Male and Album of the Year. 52nd Street was the first album to be released on compact disc when it went on sale alongside Sony's CD player CDP-101 on October 1, 1982, in Japan.[23]
Despite the publicity photos and album cover showing Joel holding a trumpet, he does not play the instrument on the album, though two tracks on the album do feature some well-known jazz trumpeters. Freddie Hubbard plays two solos on "Zanzibar" and Jon Faddis joins Michael Brecker and Randy Brecker in the horn section for "Half a Mile Away".
In 1979, Joel traveled to Havana, Cuba, to participate in the historic Havana Jam festival that took place between March 2–4, alongside Rita Coolidge, Kris Kristofferson; Stephen Stills, the CBS Jazz All-Stars, the Trio of Doom, Fania All-Stars, Billy Swan, Bonnie Bramlett, Mike Finnegan, Weather Report, plus an array of Cuban artists such as Irakere, Pacho Alonso, Tata Güines and Orquesta Aragón.[24] His performance is captured on Ernesto Juan Castellanos's documentary Havana Jam '79.
Early 1980s[link]
The success of his piano-driven ballads like "Just the Way You Are," "She's Always a Woman" and "Honesty" never sat well with Joel, as many critics were quick to slap the "balladeer" tag on him. With Glass Houses, he attacked the new wave popularity with aplomb and delivered several harder-edged songs custom made for the live shows in arenas and stadiums he was by then playing almost exclusively. The front cover showed Joel's real-life modern glass house. The album spent 6 weeks at #1 on the Billboard chart and yielded such hits as "You May Be Right" (used as the theme song, covered by Southside Johnny, for the CBS mid-1990s sitcom Dave's World) (#7, May 1980), "Close To The Borderline" (B-side of the "You May Be Right" single), "Don't Ask Me Why" (#19, September 1980), "Sometimes a Fantasy" (#36, November 1980) and "It's Still Rock and Roll to Me", which became Joel's first Billboard #1 song (for two weeks) in July 1980. "It's Still Rock and Roll to Me" spent 11 weeks in the top 10 of the Billboard Hot 100 and was the 7th biggest hit of 1980 according to American Top 40. Glass Houses won the Grammy for Best Rock Vocal Performance, Male. It would also win the American Music Award for Favorite Album, Pop/Rock category. The album's closing song, "Through The Long Night", (B-side of the "It's Still Rock & Roll to Me" single) was a lullaby that featured Joel harmonizing with himself in a song he says was inspired by The Beatles' "Yes It Is."[16]
His next release, Songs in the Attic, was composed of live performances of less well-known songs from the beginning of his career. It was recorded during larger US arenas and intimate night club shows in June and July 1980. This release introduced many fans, who discovered Joel when The Stranger became a smash in 1977, to many of his earlier compositions. The album reached #8 on the Billboard chart and produced two hit singles: "Say Goodbye to Hollywood" (#17), and "She's Got a Way" (#23). It sold over 3 million copies. Though not as successful as some of his previous albums, the album was still considered a success by Joel.[16]
The next wave of Joel's career commenced with the recording of The Nylon Curtain. Joel's songwriting on this album, which is considered his most audacious and ambitious by many critics,[who?], and cited by Joel himself to the present day as his favorite of his works,[citation needed] was heavily influenced by the Beatles.
Work began on The Nylon Curtain in the fall of 1981. Joel was involved in a serious motorcycle accident on Long Island on April 15, 1982, which delayed the completion of the album a few weeks. He embarked on a brief tour in support of the album, during which his first video special, Live from Long Island, was recorded at the Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum in Uniondale, New York on December 30, 1982. It was originally broadcast on HBO in 1983 before it became available on VHS.[25]
The Nylon Curtain went to #7 on the charts, partially due to heavy airplay on MTV for the videos to the singles "Allentown" and "Pressure". "Allentown" spent six weeks at a peak position of #17 on the Billboard Hot 100, making it one of the most-played radio songs of 1982, pushing it into 1983's year-end Top 70, and making it the most successful song from The Nylon Curtain album, besting "Pressure". which peaked at #20 (where it resided for three weeks) and "Goodnight Saigon" which reached #56 on U.S. charts.[26]
[edit] Christie Brinkley, An Innocent Man, and The Bridge
The album An Innocent Man was compiled as a tribute to the rock and roll music of the 1950s and 1960s, and also resulted in Joel's second Billboard #1 hit, "Tell Her About It", which was the first single off the album in the summer of 1983. The album itself reached #4 on the charts and #2 in UK. It also boasted 6 top-30 singles, the most of any album in Joel's catalog. At the time that the album came, WCBS-FM began playing "The Longest Time" both in regular rotation and on the Doo Wop Shop. Many fans wanted this to be the next single released in the fall, but that October, "Uptown Girl", Joel's next big hit from An Innocent Man, would be released. According to numerous interviews with Joel, this song was initially written about his relationship with his then-girlfriend Elle Macpherson, but it ended up also becoming about his soon-to-be wife Christie Brinkley (both women being two of the most famous supermodels of the 1980s).[27][28] The song became a worldwide hit upon its release, #3 in the U.S. and Joel's sole #1 in the United Kingdom. Also, the James Brown-inspired song "Easy Money" would be featured in the 1983 Rodney Dangerfield film of the same name.[29]
In December the title song, "An Innocent Man", would be released as a single and would peak at #10 in the U.S. and #8 in the UK, early in 1984. That March, "The Longest Time" would finally be released as a single, peaking at #14 on the Hot 100 and #1 on the Adult Contemporary chart. That summer, "Leave a Tender Moment Alone" would be released and hit #27 while "Keeping the Faith" would peak at #18 in January 1985. In the video for "Keeping the Faith", Christie Brinkley also plays the "redhead girl in a Chevrolet". An Innocent Man was also nominated for the Album of the Year Grammy, but lost to Michael Jackson's Thriller.
Joel would participate in the USA For Africa We Are The World project in 1985, capping off a series of successful singles for Joel.
Following the success of An Innocent Man, Joel had been approached to release an album of his most successful singles. This was not the first time this topic had come up, but Joel had initially considered "Greatest Hits" albums as marking the end of one's career. This time, he agreed, and Greatest Hits Vol. 1 and 2 was released as a 4-sided album and 2-CD set, with the songs in sequence of when they were released. The new songs "You're Only Human (Second Wind)" and "The Night Is Still Young" were recorded and released as singles to support the album; both reached the top 40, peaking at #9 and #34, respectively.
Greatest Hits was highly successful and has since been certified double diamond by the RIAA for over 11.5 million copies (23 million units) sold. To date it is tied for the third best selling album in American music history according to the RIAA.
Coinciding with the Greatest Hits album release, Joel released a 2-volume Video Album that was a compilation of the promotional videos he had recorded from 1977 to the present time. Along with videos for the new singles off the Greatest Hits album, Joel also recorded a video for his first hit, "Piano Man", for this project.
Though it broke into the Top Ten, The Bridge was not a success in relation to some of Joel's other albums, but it yielded the hits "A Matter of Trust" and "Modern Woman" from the film Ruthless People, a dark comedy from the directors of Airplane! (both #10). In a departure from his "piano man" persona, Joel is shown in its video playing a Les Paul-autographed Gibson guitar. The ballad "This is the Time" also charted, peaking at #18, and has been a favorite on the prom circuit ever since. The reason "Modern Woman" has been left off many of Joel's compilation sets (the exception appears to be My Lives) is that he has since said in interviews he does not care for the song.[citation needed]
On November 18, 1986, an extended version of the song "Big Man On Mulberry Street" was used on a Season 3 episode of Moonlighting. The episode itself was also titled "Big Man on Mulberry Street." In a dream sequence, Maddie Hayes envisions David Addison with his ex-wife. An extra horn solo was added to the song.
The Bridge was also Joel's last album to carry the Family Productions logo, finally severing his ties with Artie Ripp. Joel has also stated in many interviews, most recently in a 2008 interview in Performing Songwriter magazine, that he does not think The Bridge is a good album.
Shortly after The Bridge tour ended in late 1987, Joel completed voice work on Disney's Oliver & Company, released in 1988, a loose adaptation of the Charles Dickens novel Oliver Twist. Joel brought both his acting and musical talents to the film as Dodger. For the film, Joel recorded a song titled "Why Should I Worry?" Critics were generally positive toward the film, and pointed to Joel's acting contribution as one of its highlights, despite it being his first acting job. In interviews, Joel explained that he took the job due to his love of Disney cartoons as a child.
Trip to the Soviet Union[link]
In October 1986, Joel and his handlers started planning a trip to the Soviet Union. He became one of the first American rock acts to play there since the Berlin Wall went up, a fact not lost on history buff Joel.[30] There were live performances at indoor arenas in Moscow, Leningrad and Tbilisi. Joel and his family (including young daughter Alexa) and his full touring band made the trip in August 1987. The entourage was filmed for television and video to offset the cost of the trip, and the concerts were simulcast on radio around the world.
Most of that audience took a long while to warm up to Joel's energetic show, something that never had happened in other countries he had performed in. According to Joel, each time the fans were hit with the bright lights, anybody who seemed to be enjoying themselves froze. In addition, people who were "overreacting" were removed by security.[31]
The album КОНЦЕРТ (Russian for "Concert") was released in October 1987. Singer Peter Hewlitt was brought in to hit the high notes on his most vocally challenging songs, like "An Innocent Man." Joel also did versions of The Beatles' classic "Back in the U.S.S.R." and Bob Dylan's "The Times They Are a-Changin'". It has been estimated that Joel lost more than $1 million of his own money on the trip and concerts, but he has said the goodwill he was shown there was well worth it.[16]
[edit] Storm Front and River of Dreams
The release of the album Storm Front coincided with major changes in Joel's career and inaugurated a period of serious upheaval in his business affairs. In August 1989, just before the album was released, Joel fired his manager (and former brother-in-law) Frank Weber after an audit revealed major discrepancies in Weber's accounting. Joel subsequently sued Weber for $90 million, claiming fraud and breach of fiduciary duty and in January 1990 he was awarded $2 million in a partial judgement against Weber; in April, the court dismissed a $30 million countersuit filed by Weber.[32]
The first single for the album "We Didn't Start the Fire", was released in September 1989 and it became Joel's third and most recent US #1 hit, spending two weeks at the top; it was also Billboard's second-last #1 single of the 1980s. Storm Front was released in October, and it eventually became Joel's first #1 album since Glass Houses, nine years earlier. Storm Front was Joel's first album since Turnstiles to be recorded without Phil Ramone as producer. For this album, he wanted a new sound, and worked with Mick Jones of Foreigner fame. Joel also revamped his backing band, firing everyone, save drummer Liberty DeVitto, guitarist David Brown, and saxophone player Mark Rivera, and bringing in new faces, including talented multi-instrumentalist Crystal Taliefero. Storm Front's second single, "I Go to Extremes" made it to #6 in early 1990. The album was also notable for its song "Leningrad", written after Joel met a clown in the Soviet city of that name during his tour in 1987, and "The Downeaster Alexa", written to underscore the plight of fishermen on Long Island who are barely able to make ends meet. Another well-known single from the album is the ballad "And So It Goes" (#37 in late 1990). The song was originally written in 1983, around the time Joel was writing songs for An Innocent Man; but "And So It Goes" did not fit that album's retro theme, so it was held back until Storm Front. Joel said in a 1996 Masterclass session in Pittsburgh that Storm Front was a turbulent album and that "And So It Goes," as the last song on the album, portrayed the calm and tranquility that often follows a violent thunderstorm.
In the summer of 1992, Joel filed another $90 million lawsuit against his former lawyer Allen Grubman, alleging a wide range of offenses including fraud, breach of fiduciary responsibility, malpractice and breach of contract[33] but the case was eventually settled out of court for an undisclosed sum.[34]
Joel started work on River of Dreams in 1992 and finished the album in early 1993. Its cover art was a colorful painting by Christie Brinkley that was a series of scenes from each of the songs on the album. The eponymous first single was the last top 10 hit Joel has penned to date, reaching #3 on the Billboard Hot 100 & ranking at #21 on Billboard's 1993 year-end Hot 100 chart. In addition to the title track, the album includes the hits "All About Soul" (with Color Me Badd on backing vocals) and "Lullabye (Goodnight, My Angel)", written for his daughter, Alexa. A radio remix version of "All About Soul" can be found on The Essential Billy Joel (2001), and a demo version appears on My Lives (2005). The song "The Great Wall of China" was written about his ex-manager Frank Weber and was a regular in the setlist for Joel's 2006 tour. "2000 Years" was prominent in the millennium concert at Madison Square Garden, December 31, 1999, and "Famous Last Words" closed the book on Joel's pop songwriting for more than a decade.
1994–2007[link]
On August 25, 1994, Joel and second wife Christie Brinkley divorced. On December 31, 1999, Joel performed at New York's Madison Square Garden. At the time, Joel said that it would be his last concert. The concert (dubbed The Night of the 2000 Years) ran for close to four hours and was later released as 2000 Years: The Millennium Concert.
1997's "To Make You Feel My Love" and "Hey Girl" both charted from Joel's Greatest Hits Volume III album. Joel wrote and recorded the song "Shameless" that was later covered by Garth Brooks and reached number 1 on Billboard's country charts. Joel performed with Brooks during his Central Park concert in 1997 with an estimated 980,000 people in attendance, the largest audience to attend a U.S. concert.[citation needed] To add on to his achievements Joel was inducted into the Rock 'n Roll Hall of Fame in 1999.
In 2001, Joel released Fantasies & Delusions, a collection of classical piano pieces. All were composed by Joel and performed by Richard Joo. Joel often uses bits of these songs as interludes in live performances, and some of them are part of the score for the hit show Movin' Out. The album topped the classical charts at #1. Joel performed "New York State of Mind" live on September 21, 2001, as part of the America: A Tribute to Heroes benefit concert, and on October 20, 2001, along with "Miami 2017 (Seen the Lights Go Out on Broadway)", at the Concert for New York City in Madison Square Garden. That night, he also performed "Your Song" with Elton John.
In 2005, Columbia released a box set, My Lives, which is largely a compilation of demos, b-sides, live/alternate versions and even a few Top 40 hits. The compilation also includes the Umixit software, in which people can remix "Zanzibar", "Only the Good Die Young", "Keepin' The Faith", and live versions of "I Go to Extremes" and "Movin' Out (Anthony's Song)" with their PC. Also, a DVD of a show from the River of Dreams tour is included.
On January 7, 2006, Joel began a tour across the United States. Having not written, or at least released, any new songs in 13 years, he featured a sampling of songs from throughout his career, including major hits as well as obscure tunes like "Zanzibar" and "All for Leyna". His tour included an unprecedented 12 sold-out concerts over several months at Madison Square Garden in New York City. The singer's stint of 12 shows at Madison Square Garden broke a previous record set by New Jersey native Bruce Springsteen, who played 10 sold-out shows at the same arena. The record earned Joel the first retired number (12) in the arena owned by a non-athlete. This honor has also been given to Joel at the Wells Fargo Center (Philadelphia) (formerly the Wachovia Center) in Philadelphia where a banner in the colors of the Philadelphia Flyers is hung honoring Joel's 46 Philadelphia sold-out shows. He also had a banner raised in his honor for being the highest grossing act in the history of the Times Union Center (formerly the Knickerbocker Arena and Pepsi Arena) in Albany, New York. This honor was given to him as part of the April 17, 2007, show he did there. On June 13, 2006, Columbia released 12 Gardens Live, a double album containing 32 live recordings from a collection of the 12 different shows at Madison Square Garden during Joel's 2006 tour.
Joel visited the United Kingdom and Ireland for the first time in many years as part of the European leg of his 2006 tour. On July 31, 2006, he performed a free concert in Rome, with the Colosseum as the backdrop. Organizers estimated 500,000 people turned out for the concert, which was opened by Bryan Adams.[citation needed]
Joel toured South Africa, Australia, Japan, and Hawaii in late 2006, and subsequently toured the Southeastern United States in February and March 2007 before hitting the Midwest in the spring of 2007. On January 3 of that year, news was leaked to the New York Post that Billy had recorded a new song with lyrics—this being the first new song with lyrics he'd written in almost 14 years.[35] The song, titled "All My Life", was Joel's newest single (with second track "You're My Home", live from Madison Square Garden 2006 tour) and was released into stores on February 27, 2007.[36] On February 4, Joel sang the national anthem for Super Bowl XLI, becoming the first to sing the national anthem twice at a Super Bowl. and on April 17, 2007, Joel was honored in Albany, New York, for his ninth concert at the Times Union Center. He is now holding the highest box office attendance of any artist to play at the arena. A banner was raised in his honor marking this achievement.
On December 1, 2007, Joel premiered his new song "Christmas in Fallujah."[37] The song was performed by Cass Dillon, a new Long Island based musician, as Joel felt it should be sung by someone in a soldier's age range. The track was dedicated to servicemen based in Iraq. Joel wrote it in September 2007 after reading numerous letters sent to him from American soldiers in Iraq. "Christmas in Fallujah" is only the second pop/rock song released by Joel since 1993's River of Dreams. Proceeds from the song benefitted the Homes For Our Troops foundation.
2008–present[link]
On January 26, 2008, Joel performed with the Philadelphia Orchestra celebrating the 151st anniversary of the Academy of Music. Joel premiered his new classical piece titled, "Waltz No. 2 (Steinway Hall)". He also played many of his less well-known pieces with full orchestral backing, including the rarely performed Nylon Curtain songs "Scandinavian Skies" and "Where's the Orchestra?".
On March 10, 2008, Joel inducted his friend John Mellencamp into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in a ceremony at the Waldorf Astoria Hotel in New York City. During his induction speech, Joel said the following to Mellencamp:
| “ | Don’t let this club membership change you, John. Stay ornery, stay mean. We need you to be pissed off, and restless, because no matter what they tell us—we know, this country is going to hell in a handcart. This country’s been hijacked. You know it and I know it. People are worried. People are scared, and people are angry. People need to hear a voice like yours that’s out there to echo the discontent that’s out there in the heartland. They need to hear stories about it. [Audience applauds] They need to hear stories about frustration, alienation and desperation. They need to know that somewhere out there somebody feels the way that they do, in the small towns and in the big cities. They need to hear it. And it doesn’t matter if they hear it on a jukebox, in the local gin mill, or in a goddamn truck commercial, because they ain’t gonna hear it on the radio anymore. They don’t care how they hear it, as long as they hear it good and loud and clear the way you’ve always been saying it all along. You’re right, John, this is still our country. | ” |
Joel's staying power as a touring act continues to the present day. He sold out 10 concerts at the Mohegan Sun Casino in Uncasville, Connecticut from May to July 2008. Mohegan Sun honored him with a banner displaying his name and the number 10 to hang in the arena. On June 19, 2008, he played a concert at the grand re-opening of Caesars Windsor (formerly Casino Windsor) in Windsor, Ontario, Canada to an invite-only crowd for Casino VIPs. His mood was light, and joke-filled, even introducing himself as "Billy Joel's dad" and stating "you guys overpaid to see a fat bald guy." He also admitted that Canadian folk-pop musician Gordon Lightfoot was the musical inspiration for "She's Always A Woman".[38]
On July 16, 2008, and July 18, 2008, Joel played the final concerts at Shea Stadium before its demolition. His guests included Tony Bennett, Don Henley, John Mayer, John Mellencamp, Steven Tyler, Roger Daltrey, Garth Brooks, and Paul McCartney. McCartney ended the show with a reference to his own performance there with the Beatles in 1965, the first major stadium concert of the rock and roll industry.[39] The concerts were featured in the 2010 documentary film Last Play at Shea. The film was released on DVD on February 8, 2011. The CD and DVD of the show, Live at Shea Stadium were released on March 8, 2011.
On December 11, 2008, Joel recorded his own rendition of "Christmas in Fallujah" during a concert at Acer Arena in Sydney and released it as a live single in Australia only. It is the only official release of Joel performing "Christmas in Fallujah", as Cass Dillon sang on the 2007 studio recording and the handful of times the song was played live in 2007. Joel sang the song throughout his December 2008 tour of Australia.
On May 19, 2009, Joel's former drummer, Liberty DeVitto, filed a lawsuit in NYC claiming Joel and Sony Music owed DeVitto over 10 years of royalty payments. DeVitto has never been given songwriting credit on any of Joel's songs, but he claims that he helped write some of them.[40] In April 2010, it was announced that Joel and DeVitto amicably resolved the lawsuit.[41]
2011 re-releases[link]
2011 marks the 40th anniversary of the release of Joel's first album, Cold Spring Harbor. According to Billy Joel's website, in commemoration of this anniversary, "Columbia/Legacy Recordings will celebrate the occasion with a definitive reissue project of newly restored and expanded Legacy editions of the complete Billy Joel catalog, newly curated collections of rarities from the vaults, previously unavailable studio tracks and live performances, home video releases and more."[42] The album Piano Man was re-released in a 2-disc Legacy edition in November 2011.[42]
Face-to-Face tours[link]
Beginning in 1994, Joel toured extensively with Elton John on a series of "Face to Face" tours, making them the longest running and most successful concert tandem in pop music history.[43] During these shows, the two have played their own songs, each other's songs and performed duets. They grossed over US $46 million in just 24 dates in their sold out[44] 2003 tour. Joel and John resumed the Face to Face tour in March 2009[44] and it ended again, at least for the time being, in March 2010 in Albany, NY at the Times Union Center. In February 2010, Joel denied rumors in the trade press that he canceled a summer 2010 leg of the tour, claiming there were never any dates booked and that he intended to take the year off.[45] Joel told Rolling Stone magazine: "We’ll probably pick it up again. It’s always fun playing with him."
Other ventures[link]
In 1996, Joel merged his long-held love of boating[46] with his desire for a second career. He formed, with Long Island boating businessman Peter Needham, the Long Island Boat Company.[47]
In November 2010, Joel opened a shop on Oyster Bay, Long Island to manufacture custom-made, retro-styled motorcycles and accessories.[48]
On March 22, 2011, Joel, as part of a fund raising event for impoverished children in the United States, performed with some of today's top teen artists, such as Justin Bieber, Selena Gomez, and Rebecca Black. He performed "Summer Highland Falls" with Justin Bieber as a cameo.[citation needed]
In 2011, Joel announced that he was releasing an autobiography that he had written with Fred Schruers, titled The Book of Joel: A Memoir. The book was originally going to be released in June 2011, but in March 2011 Joel decided against publishing the book and officially cancelled his deal with HarperCollins. Rolling Stone noted, "HarperCollins acquired the book project for $3 million in 2008. [However,] Joel is expected to return his advance on that sum to the publisher."[49] According to Billboard, "the HarperCollins book was billed as an 'emotional ride' that would detail the music legend's failed marriage to Christie Brinkley, as well as his battles with substance abuse."[50] In explaining his decision to cancel the book's release, Joel stated, "It took working on writing a book to make me realize that I'm not all that interested in talking about the past, and that the best expression of my life and its ups and downs has been and remains my music."[51]
Personal life[link]
Marriages, relationships, and family[link]
Joel married his business manager, Elizabeth Weber Small, on September 5, 1973. She was the former wife of his music partner, Jon Small, in the short-lived duo Attila. They divorced on July 20, 1982.
Joel mentioned in a television interview on the UK's Channel Five that he had dated Elle Macpherson in the 1980s prior to his marriage to Christie Brinkley. Joel has also said that the songs "This Night" and "And So It Goes" were written about his relationship with Macpherson.[52]
Joel married Christie Brinkley on March 23, 1985. Their daughter, Alexa Ray Joel, was born December 29, 1985.[53][54] Alexa was given the middle name of Ray after Ray Charles, one of Joel's musical idols.[55] Joel and Brinkley divorced on August 25, 1994, although the couple remain friendly.
On October 2, 2004, Joel married 23-year-old Katie Lee. At the time of the wedding, Joel was 55. Joel's daughter, Alexa Ray, then 18, served as maid-of-honor. Joel's second wife, Christie Brinkley, attended the union and gave the couple her blessing. Lee works as a restaurant correspondent for the PBS show, George Hirsch: Living it Up!. In 2006, Katie Lee hosted Bravo's Top Chef. She did not return for a second season, instead going on tour with her husband. She then began writing a weekly column in Hamptons magazine, and became a field correspondent for the entertainment television show Extra. On June 17, 2009, both confirmed that they had split after five years of marriage.[56]
Depression[link]
Joel battled depression for many years. In 1970, a career downturn and personal problems aggravated his condition. He left a suicide note (which inspired the lyrics to "Tomorrow Is Today") and attempted to commit suicide by drinking furniture polish, saying later, "I drank furniture polish. It looked tastier than bleach."[16] His drummer assistant, Jon Small, rushed him to the hospital. Joel checked into Meadowbrook Hospital, where he was put on suicide watch and received treatment for depression.[57] Joel later recorded "You're Only Human (Second Wind)" as a message to help prevent teen suicide.
Substance abuse treatment[link]
In 2002, Joel entered Silver Hill Hospital, a substance abuse and psychiatric center in New Canaan, Connecticut. In March 2005, he checked into the Betty Ford Center,[58] where he spent 30 days for the treatment of alcohol-related problems.[59]
Politics[link]
Although Joel has donated money to Democratic candidates running for office,[60] he has never publicly affiliated himself with the Democratic Party. Although he isn't known for publicly endorsing political candidates, he did play a benefit with Bruce Springsteen to raise money for Barack Obama's presidential campaign in 2008.[61] He has also played at benefit concerts that have helped raise funds for political causes. However, Joel has said about musicians endorsing political candidates, "People who pay for your tickets, I don't think they want to hear who you're going to vote for and how you think they should vote."[62]
Religion[link]
Joel was born to non-observant Jewish parents and considers himself a cultural Jew.
| “ | My parents were both from Jewish families. I was not brought up Jewish in any religious way. My circumcision was as Jewish as they got. I used to go to Roman Catholic church with my friends, and when I was 11, I got baptized in a Church of Christ in Hicksville. I’m a cultural Jew. I like the Lower East Side humor, the food. I think the Yiddish language is terrifically expressive. Does that make me a complete Jew or a partial Jew? I’m not really sure.[63] | ” |
During a 2010 interview on The Howard Stern Show, Joel referred to himself as an atheist.[64]
Discography[link]
Main article: Billy Joel discography
Band[link]
- Further information: Billy Joel Band
Awards and achievements[link]
Despite having never graduated from high school because of a missed exam,[65] Joel has been presented with multiple honorary doctorates:
- Doctor of Humane Letters from Fairfield University (1991)
- Doctor of Music from Berklee College of Music (1993)
- Doctor of Humane Letters from Hofstra University (1997)
- Doctor of Music from Southampton College (2000)
- Doctor of Fine Arts from Syracuse University (2006)[66]
- Doctor of Musical Arts from the Manhattan School of Music (2008)
His high school diploma was finally awarded 25 years after he left high school by the school board.
Joel was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland, Ohio in 1999. Joel was on the site selection committee for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame board. Seven members of the committee voted for San Francisco and seven voted for Cleveland, Ohio, this was a tied vote so Billy Joel was the tie breaking vote, which gave Cleveland the hall in 1986.
Joel was also named MusiCares Person of the Year for 2002,[67] an award given each year at the same time as the Grammy Awards. At the dinner honoring Joel, various artists performed versions of his songs including Nelly Furtado, Stevie Wonder, Jon Bon Jovi, Diana Krall, Rob Thomas and Natalie Cole. He was inducted into the Long Island Music Hall of Fame on October 15, 2006. In 2005, Joel received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Joel has banners in the rafters of the Times Union Center, Nassau Coliseum, Madison Square Garden, Mohegan Sun Arena in Uncasville, CT, Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia, and Hartford Civic Center in Hartford. (Joel is erroneously cited as the first artist to perform a concert at Yankee Stadium in New York City; The Isley Brothers first performed there in 1969, and the Latin supergroup, The Fania All-Stars played and recorded live albums at the stadium during the 1970s.)
He has also sponsored the Billy Joel Visiting Composer Series at Syracuse University.[68]
Joel is the only performing artist to have played both Yankee and Shea Stadiums, as well as Giants Stadium, Madison Square Garden, and Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum.
On December 12, 2011 Joel became the first non classical musician honored with a portrait in Steinway Hall.[69]
Media performances[link]
- Has released multiple tour videos and compilation albums
- Has been featured in multiple television documentaries and specials
- The Midnight Special (1975) (Television) (Sang "Travelin' Prayer" and "The Ballad of Billy the Kid")
- The Mike Douglas Show (1976) (Television)
- Saturday Night Live in 1978, 1981, 1989, 1993
- The Old Grey Whistle Test (1978) (London, England) (Television)
- Musikladen (1978) (German television concert)
- 20/20 (1980) (Television)
- Multiple appearances on MTV
- Today (June 1984) Introduces music video for "The Longest Time."
- Late Night with David Letterman in 1986 and 1989, Late Show with David Letterman in 1993 (first musical guest on the show[citation needed])
- Oliver & Company (1988) (Provided both the voice and singing voice for the character Dodger in the Disney full-length animated feature.)
- Sesame Street (1988) (Sang "Just the Way You Are" to Oscar the Grouch, and "The Alphabet Song" with the kids)
- During the 1994 Grammy Award Show, Joel extended his performance of "The River of Dreams" by stopping the song partway through, looking at the celebrity audience with a grin while pretending to check his watch and saying, "valuable advertising time going by...dollars...dollars...dollars..." which was met with laughter from the audience. He then resumed playing the song.
- The Rosie O'Donnell Show (1997) (Television)
- Behind the Music (1997) (Television)
- VH1 Storytellers (1997) and VH1 Video Time Line (1998)
- 60 Minutes (April 26, 1998) Interviewed by Steve Kroft.
- Inside the Actor's Studio (1999) (Bravo Network)
- Mad About You: "Murray at the Dog Show" (1999) (NBC Television) (Appeared as himself; wrote the music for the song "Lullabye For You" which was featured in the episode. Paul Reiser wrote the lyrics.)
- Piano Grand! A Smithsonian Celebration (2000) (Joel served as host and performer; aired on PBS; released on DVD)
- Performed the national anthem at multiple sporting events, and was the first to sing it at two Super Bowls[citation needed]
- America: A Tribute To Heroes and The Concert for New York City (2001)
- Movin' Out (2002), is a musical based on twenty-four Billy Joel songs which was a smash hit on Broadway from 2002 to 2005 (last Broadway show was on December 11, 2005). Joel was composer, lyricist, and orchestrator and won a Tony Award for Best Orchestrations. The musical is really a dance performance choreographed by famed choreographer Twyla Tharp, with Joel's songs sung by Michael Cavanaugh.
- The 2003 Tony Awards (Television) (Performed "New York State of Mind")
- The Ellen DeGeneres Show (2005) (Television) (Performed "Miami 2017" and "Only the Good Die Young")
- Late Night with Conan O'Brien (2005) (NBC) (Performed "Everybody Loves You Now" and "Vienna")
- The Today Show in 2005 and 2006
- The Big Idea with Donny Deutsch (2006) (CNBC)
- American Chopper (2006) ("The Billy Joel Bike") (Television, DVD)
- The Oprah Winfrey Show (March 24, 2008) (Appeared with wife, Katie, and performed "Only the Good Die Young")
- The South Bank Show (July 13, 2008) (Joel discussed his career)
- The Howard Stern Show (November 16, 2010) (Sirius XM) (Interview and musical performance)
See also[link]
 |
Book: Billy Joel |
| Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print. | |
References[link]
- ^ a b Billy Joel Biography. billyjoel.com. Retrieved on December 7, 2008.
- ^ Edmondson, Jacqueline (2006). Condoleezza Rice: A biography. The United States: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-313-33607-2. http://books.google.dk/books?id=YWcX0F0o88cC&lpg=PP1&pg=PA22#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved September 17, 2011.
- ^ Top Selling Artists. RIAA. Retrieved on December 7, 2008.
- ^ (September 21, 2004). "Billy Joel in Walk of Fame honour". BBC News. Retrieved on December 7, 2008.
- ^ "2000's Concerts | The Official Billy Joel Site". http://www.billyjoel.com/events/2000s. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
- ^ Tallmer, Jerry (July 16–22, 2003). "Billy Joel grapples with the past". The Villager, 73 (11). Retrieved on December 7, 2008.
- ^ Past students of Morton Estrin. mortonestrin.com. Retrieved on December 7, 2008.
- ^ "Billy Joel". classicbands.com. 2007. http://www.classicbands.com/joel.html. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
- ^ "Billy Joel Interview." The Charlie Rose Show. PBS, 1993.
- ^ Bordowitz, Hank. Billy Joel: The Life and Times of an Angry Young Man. 2006: 22
- ^ Brozan, Nadine (1992-06-26). "Chronicle". Nytimes.com. http://www.nytimes.com/1992/06/26/style/chronicle-419092.html?scp=1&sq=%22billy%20joel%22%20hicksville%20diploma&st=cse. Retrieved 2011-08-19.
- ^ "Billy Joel Biography". Sing365.com. http://www.sing365.com/music/lyric.nsf/Billy-Joel-Biography/B5E6E558FEF8C8D1482568700013A7BC. Retrieved November 2, 2010.
- ^ "More with George "Shadow" Morton". Goldmine Magazine 17 (286). July 12, 1991. http://www.limusichalloffame.org/lirock/shadow04.html. Retrieved November 2, 2010.
- ^ Proefrock, Stacia. "Attila". AllMusic. Rovi Corporation. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p3587. Retrieved November 2, 2010.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas (2006). "Billy Joel Biography. Allmusic. Retrieved on December 7, 2008.
- ^ a b c d e Bordowitz, Hank (2006). Billy Joel: The Life and Times of an Angry Young Man. Billboard Books. p. 39. ISBN 978-0-8230-8248-3.
- ^ Tallmer, Jerry (July 16–23, 2003). "Billy Joel grapples with the past". The Villager (New York City). Archived from the original on January 9, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vcMgiqtI. Retrieved January 9, 2011.
- ^ Interview with Yetnikoff. The Last Play at Shea (documentary film). 2010.
- ^ NY Times movie review 2010
- ^ Chesher Cat. "Everybody I Shot is Dead". everybodyishotisdead.blogspot.com. http://everybodyishotisdead.blogspot.com/2006_05_01_archive.html. Retrieved 2011-08-19.
- ^ "The Return of 'The Stranger' – 30th Anniversary Legacy Edition of Billy Joel's Top-Selling...". Reuters. 2008-07-31. http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS154750+31-Jul-2008+PRN20080731. Retrieved 2009-03-17.
- ^ "BILLY JOEL BIOGRAPHY". http://www.sing365.com/music/lyric.nsf/Billy-Joel-Biography/B5E6E558FEF8C8D1482568700013A7BC. Retrieved 2009-07-26.
- ^ "Sony History: A Great Invention 100 Years On". Sony. Archived from the original on 2008-08-02. http://web.archive.org/web/20080802133849/http://www.sony.net/Fun/SH/1-20/h5.html. Retrieved 2008-11-04.
- ^ People magazine article on Havana Jam
- ^ "Billy Joel: Live from Long Island (Video 1983)". Internet Movie Database. imdb.com. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0299537/. Retrieved 2010-11-08.
- ^ "Goodnight Saigon by Billy Joel". Songfacts. songfacts.com. http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=7694. Retrieved 2010-11-08.
- ^ Channel Five Interview. "[1]"
- ^ Billy Joel's Interview on Howard Stern. 2011.
- ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0085470/soundtrack
- ^ At Garden, Billy Joel Is Out to Prove He's in Control (January 24, 2006). "[2]". New York Times. Retrieved on March 9, 2012.
- ^ Letters to the Editor (November 14, 2007). "Letters to the Editor: You May Be Right, I May Be Crazy, But...". Seattle Weekly. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
- ^ Pore-Lee-Dunn Productions (2007-02-04). "Billy Joel". Classicbands.com. http://www.classicbands.com/joel.html. Retrieved 2011-08-19.
- ^ Geraldine Fabrikant (1992-09-24). "Billy Joel takes his lawyers to court". Nytimes.com. http://www.nytimes.com/1992/09/24/business/billy-joel-takes-his-lawyers-to-court.html. Retrieved 2011-08-19.
- ^ "Profiles – Billy Joel". Cityfile.com. http://cityfile.com/profiles/billy-joel. Retrieved 2011-08-19.
- ^ Johnson, Richard (January 3, 2007). "Billy Goes Pop!". New York Post. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
- ^ Cohen, Jonathan (January 30, 2007). "Billy Joel Returns To Pop With New Single". Billboard. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007.
- ^ Press Release (November 30, 2007). Emerging Singer-Songwriter Cass Dillon Premiers New Billy Joel Song, "Christmas in Fallujah", Exclusively on iTunes Beginning Tuesday, December 4". billyjoel.com. Archived from the original on February 7, 2008.
- ^ The Windsor Star, June 20, 2008 edition
- ^ Sisario, Ben (July 19, 2008). "Paul McCartney Joins Billy Joel at Shea Stadium". The New York Times. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
- ^ Westerly, Mal (2009-05-24). "BILLY JOEL's Former Drummer Files Lawsuit, Liberty DeVitto Says He's Owed $$$". MusicNewsNet.com. http://www.musicnewsnet.com/2009/05/billy-joels-former-drummer-to-file-lawsuit.html. Retrieved 2009-05-24.
- ^ "BILLY JOEL and Former Drummer, Liberty Devitto Settle Lawsuit". MusicNewsNet.com. 2010-04-22. http://www.musicnewsnet.com/2010/04/billy-joel-and-former-drummer-liberty-devitto-settle-lawsuit.html. Retrieved 2010-04-25.
- ^ a b "Billy Joel Catalog To Be Reissued, Commemorative CDs/DVDs To Be Released" (Press release). Billyjoel.com. 2010-10-20. http://www.billyjoel.com/news/billy-joel-catalog-be-reissued-commemorative-cdsdvds-be-released. Retrieved 2011-08-19.
- ^ Concerts: Billy Joel & Elton John. tampabay.metromix.com. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
- ^ a b Evans, Rob (December 2, 2008). "Elton John, Billy Joel plan more 'Face 2 Face' time". LiveDaily. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
- ^ Billy Joel: "There Was Never a Tour Booked This Summer!". Chicago Sun-Times Retrieved on March 10, 2010.
- ^ Smith, Timothy K. (September 20, 2004). "The Piano Man Builds His Dream Boat Billy Joel has always loved watercraft. But now he has commissioned—and is helping design—a fantastic commuter yacht straight out of the golden age of powerboats". CNN. http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2004/09/20/381144/index.htm.
- ^ Billy Joel Timeline. Dipity.com. Retrieved on 2010-11-08.
- ^ Karppi, Dagmar Fors (January 21, 2011). "Billy Joel Adds to OB Mix As Chamber Members Chat". Oyster Bay Enterprise Pilot. http://www.antonnews.com/oysterbayenterprisepilot/news/12950-billy-joel-adds-to-ob-mix-as-chamber-members-chat.html. Retrieved 2011-02-04.
- ^ Perpetua, Matthew. "Billy Joel Scraps Plans to Release Memoir." Rolling Stone. March 31, 2011. [3]
- ^ Nekesa Mumbi Moody (2011-03-31). "Billy Joel Cancels 'Book of Joel' Memoir". Billboard.com. http://www.billboard.com/news/billy-joel-cancels-book-of-joel-memoir-1005106142.story#. Retrieved 2011-08-19.
- ^ "Billy Joel Cancels 'Book Of Joel'" (Press release). Billyjoel.com. 2011-03-31. http://www.billyjoel.com/us/news/billy-joel-cancels-book-joel. Retrieved 2011-08-19.
- ^ Channel Five Interview. "[4]".
- ^ (December 31, 1985). "Joel and his 'uptown girl' have a girl". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, p. A3. "Model Christie Brinkley has given her husband – singer-songwriter Billy Joel – something new to sing about, a 6½-pound daughter, a spokesman for the family said Monday."
- ^ (December 30, 1985). "Brinkley, Joel Parents of 'Uptown Girl'". Los Angeles Times, p. 2. The 6½-pound girl, as yet unnamed, was born in a Manhattan hospital at about 11:45 pm Sunday, said the spokeswoman, Geraldine McInerney."
- ^ Stout, Gene (December 3, 1986). "Billy Joel Delivers – Few Surprises". seattlepi.com. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
- ^ Rush, George (June 17, 2009). "Billy Joel and wife Katie Lee split". Daily News (New York). http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2009/06/17/2009-06-17_billy_joel_and_wife_katie_lee_split.html.
- ^ Courtesy of Columbia. "Billy Joel | Music Videos, News, Photos, Tour Dates, Ringtones, and Lyrics | MTV". Mtv.com. http://www.mtv.com/music/artist/joel_billy/artist.jhtml#bio. Retrieved 2008-12-12.
- ^ Associated Press (March 16, 2005). "Billy Joel In Rehab Again". CBS News. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
- ^ (April 13, 2005). "Billy Joel leaves US rehab clinic". BBC News. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
- ^ Billy joel's campaign donations. newsmeat.com. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
- ^ Rush, George and Hutchinson, Bill (October 17, 2008). "Bruce Springsteen, Billy Joel headline Barack Obama midtown cash bash". Daily News (New York). http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/2008/10/16/2008-10-16_bruce_springsteen_billy_joel_headline_ba.html.
- ^ Paul Bedard; Nikki Schwab (2008-10-23). "Billy Joel: Change of Heart and an Obama Endorsement". Washington Whispers. usnews.com. http://www.usnews.com/news/blogs/washington-whispers/2008/10/23/billy-joel-change-of-heart-and-an-obama-endorsement. Retrieved 2011-08-19.
- ^ Tannenbaum, Rob (July 15, 2001). "Dear Superstar: Billy Joel". Blender. http://www.blender.com/guide/66688/dear-superstar-billy-joel.html. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
- ^ The Howard Stern Show (November 16, 2010) (Sirius XM) (Interview and musical performance)
- ^ Associated Press. (May 14, 2006). "Joel serenades 5,000 Syracuse graduates". USA Today. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
- ^ (April 17, 2006). "Syracuse University to present five honorary degrees at its 152nd Commencement". sunews.syr.edu. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
- ^ Friedman, Roger (February 26, 2002). "Billy Joel Gets Special Award at Grammy Kickoff". foxnews.com. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
- ^ (February 14, 2008). "VPA continues Billy Joel Visiting Composer Series with residency by Scottish composer Judith Weir". sunews.syr.edu. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
- ^ Billy Joel honored by Steinway Newsday December 12, 2011
External links[link]
 |
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Billy Joel |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Billy Joel |
- Billy Joel – Official Website
- Billy Joel at the Internet Movie Database
- Billy Joel at Allmusic
- Billy Joel discography at Discogs
- Billy Joel's channel on YouTube
- Billy Joel at Rolling Stone.com
- Billy Joel discography at MusicBrainz
- History of Live Performances by Billy Joel
- Interview at TonyAwards.com
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Joel, Billy |
| Alternative names | Joel, William Joseph Martin |
| Short description | Singer, songwriter, pianist |
| Date of birth | May 9, 1949 |
| Place of birth | Bronx, New York, United States |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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| David Bowie | |
|---|---|
 Bowie during the Heathen Tour in 2002. |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | David Robert Jones |
| Born | (1947-01-08) 8 January 1947 (age 65) Brixton, London, England |
| Genres | Rock, glam rock, art rock, pop |
| Occupations | Musician, singer-songwriter, record producer, actor |
| Instruments | Vocals, guitar, keyboards, harmonica, saxophone, viola, cello, koto, percussion |
| Years active | 1964–2008 |
| Labels | Deram, RCA, Virgin, EMI, ISO, Columbia, BMG, Pye |
| Associated acts | The Riot Squad, Arnold Corns, Tin Machine, The Hype, The Lower Third, The Konrads |
| Website | davidbowie.com |
David Bowie ( /ˈboʊ.i/ BOH-ee;[1] born David Robert Jones on 8 January 1947) is an English musician, actor, record producer and arranger. A major figure for over four decades in the world of popular music, Bowie is widely regarded as an innovator, particularly for his work in the 1970s. He is known for his distinctive voice and the intellectual depth and eclecticism of his work.
Bowie first caught the eye and ear of the public in July 1969, when his song "Space Oddity" reached the top five of the UK Singles Chart. After a three-year period of experimentation he re-emerged in 1972 during the glam rock era with the flamboyant, androgynous alter ego Ziggy Stardust, spearheaded by the hit single "Starman" and the album The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars. Bowie's impact at that time, as described by biographer David Buckley, "challenged the core belief of the rock music of its day" and "created perhaps the biggest cult in popular culture."[2] The relatively short-lived Ziggy persona proved merely one facet of a career marked by continual reinvention, musical innovation and striking visual presentation.
In 1975, Bowie achieved his first major American crossover success with the number-one single "Fame" and the hit album Young Americans, which the singer characterised as "plastic soul". The sound constituted a radical shift in style that initially alienated many of his UK devotees. He then confounded the expectations of both his record label and his American audiences by recording the minimalist album Low (1977)—the first of three collaborations with Brian Eno over the next two years. The so-called "Berlin Trilogy" albums all reached the UK top five and garnered lasting critical praise.
After uneven commercial success in the late 1970s, Bowie had UK number ones with the 1980 single "Ashes to Ashes", its parent album Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps), and "Under Pressure", a 1981 collaboration with Queen. He then reached a new commercial peak in 1983 with Let's Dance, which yielded several hit singles. Throughout the 1990s and 2000s, Bowie continued to experiment with musical styles, including blue-eyed soul, industrial, adult contemporary, and jungle. His last recorded album was Reality (2003), which was supported by the 2003–04 Reality Tour.
Buckley says of Bowie: "His influence has been unique in popular culture—he has permeated and altered more lives than any comparable figure."[2] In the BBC's 2002 poll of the 100 Greatest Britons, Bowie was placed at number 29. Throughout his career, he has sold an estimated 140 million albums. In the UK, he has been awarded nine Platinum album certifications, 11 Gold and eight Silver, and in the US, five Platinum and seven Gold certifications. In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked him 39th on their list of the "100 Greatest Artists of All Time", and 23rd on their list of the best singers of all-time.
Contents
|
Biography[link]
1947–62: early years[link]
David Bowie was born David Robert Jones in Brixton, London, on 8 January 1947. His mother, Margaret Mary "Peggy" (née Burns), of Irish descent,[3] worked as a cinema usherette, while his father, Haywood Stenton "John" Jones was a promotions officer for Barnardo's. The family lived at 40 Stansfield Road, located near the border of the south London areas of Brixton and Stockwell. A neighbour recalled that "London in the forties was the worst possible place, and the worst possible time for a child to grow up in." Bowie attended Stockwell Infants School until he was six years old, acquiring a reputation as a gifted and single-minded child—and a defiant brawler.[4][5]
In 1953 the family moved to the suburb of Bromley, where, two years later, Bowie progressed to Burnt Ash Junior School. His voice was considered "adequate" by the school choir, and his recorder playing judged to demonstrate above-average musical ability.[6] At the age of nine, his dancing during the newly introduced music and movement classes was strikingly imaginative: teachers called his interpretations "vividly artistic" and his poise "astonishing" for a child.[6] The same year, his interest in music was further stimulated when his father brought home a collection of American 45s by artists including Frankie Lymon and the Teenagers, The Platters, Fats Domino, Elvis Presley and Little Richard.[7][8] Upon listening to "Tutti Frutti", Bowie would later say, "I had heard God".[9] Presley's impact on him was likewise emphatic: "I saw a cousin of mine dance to ... 'Hound Dog' and I had never seen her get up and be moved so much by anything. It really impressed me, the power of the music. I started getting records immediately after that."[8] By the end of the following year he had taken up the ukelele and tea-chest bass and begun to participate in skiffle sessions with friends, and had started to play the piano; meanwhile his stage presentation of numbers by both Presley and Chuck Berry—complete with gyrations in tribute to the original artists—to his local Wolf Cub group was described as "mesmerizing ... like someone from another planet."[8] Failing his eleven plus exam at the conclusion of his Burnt Ash Junior education, Bowie joined Bromley Technical High School.[10]
It was an unusual technical school, as biographer Christopher Sandford writes:
Despite its status it was, by the time David arrived in 1958, as rich in arcane ritual as any [English] public school. There were houses, named after eighteenth-century statesmen like Pitt and Wilberforce. There was a uniform, and an elaborate system of rewards and punishments. There was also an accent on languages, science and particularly design, where a collegiate atmosphere flourished under the tutorship of Owen Frampton. In David's account, Frampton led through force of personality, not intellect; his colleagues at Bromley Tech were famous for neither, and yielded the school's most gifted pupils to the arts, a regime so liberal that Frampton actively encouraged his own son, Peter, to pursue a musical career with David, a partnership briefly intact thirty years later.[10]
Bowie studied art, music, and design, including layout and typesetting. After Terry Burns, his half-brother, introduced him to modern jazz, his enthusiasm for players like Charles Mingus and John Coltrane led his mother to give him a plastic alto saxophone in 1961; he was soon receiving lessons from a local musician.[11]
In 1962, George Underwood injured Bowie's eye in a fight over a girl. Bowie owes his unusual eyes to the fact that not all the damage could be surgically repaired. Despite their fisticuffs, Underwood and Bowie remained good friends, and Underwood went on to create the artwork for Bowie's early albums.[12]
Eyes[link]
Bowie received a serious injury at school in 1962 when his friend George Underwood, while wearing a ring on his finger, punched him in the left eye during a fight over a girl. Doctors feared he would become blind in that eye. After a series of operations during a four-month hospitalisation,[13] his doctors determined that the damage could not be fully repaired and Bowie was left with faulty depth perception and a permanently dilated pupil. The latter condition has misled some to believe that Bowie has different coloured eyes, when in reality both irises are the same blue colour. [14]
1962–68: the Konrads to the Riot Squad[link]
Graduating from his plastic saxophone to a real instrument in 1962, Bowie formed his first band at the age of 15. Playing guitar-based rock and roll at local youth gatherings and weddings, the Konrads had a varying line-up of between four and eight members, Underwood among them.[15] When Bowie left the technical school the following year, he informed his parents of his intention to become a pop star. His mother promptly arranged his employment as an electrician's mate. Frustrated by his band-mates' limited aspirations, Bowie left the Konrads and joined another band, the King Bees. He wrote to the newly successful washing-machine entrepreneur John Bloom inviting him to "do for us what Brian Epstein has done for the Beatles—and make another million." Bloom did not respond to the offer, but his referral to Dick James's partner Leslie Conn led to Bowie's first personal management contract.[16]
Conn quickly began to promote Bowie. The singer's debut single, "Liza Jane", credited to Davie Jones and the King Bees, had no commercial success. Dissatisfied with the King Bees and their repertoire of Howlin' Wolf and Willie Dixon blues numbers, Bowie quit the band less than a month later to join the Manish Boys, another blues outfit, who incorporated folk and soul — "I used to dream of being their Mick Jagger", Bowie was to recall.[16] "I Pity the Fool" was no more successful than "Liza Jane", and Bowie soon moved on again to join the Lower Third, a blues trio strongly influenced by The Who. "You've Got a Habit of Leaving" fared no better, signalling the end of Conn's contract. Declaring that he would exit the pop world "to study mime at Sadler's Wells", Bowie nevertheless remained with the Lower Third. His new manager, Ralph Horton, later instrumental in his transition to solo artist, soon witnessed Bowie's move to yet another group, the Buzz, yielding the singer's fifth unsuccessful single release, "Do Anything You Say". While with the Buzz, Bowie also joined the Riot Squad; their recordings, which included a Bowie number and Velvet Underground material, went unreleased. Ken Pitt, introduced by Horton, took over as Bowie's manager.[17]
Dissatisfied with his stage name as Davy (and Davie) Jones, which in the mid-1960s invited confusion with Davy Jones of The Monkees, Bowie renamed himself after the 19th century American frontiersman Jim Bowie and the knife he had popularised.[18] His April 1967 solo single, "The Laughing Gnome", utilising sped-up Chipmunk-style vocals, failed to chart. Released six weeks later, his album debut, David Bowie, an amalgam of pop, psychedelia, and music hall, met the same fate. It would be his last release for two years.[19]
Bowie's fascination with the bizarre was fuelled when he met dancer Lindsay Kemp: "He lived on his emotions, he was a wonderful influence. His day-to-day life was the most theatrical thing I had ever seen, ever. It was everything I thought Bohemia probably was. I joined the circus."[20] Kemp, for his part, recalled, "I didn't really teach him to be a mime artiste but to be more of himself on the outside, ... I enabled him to free the angel and demon that he is on the inside."[20] Studying the dramatic arts under Kemp, from avant-garde theatre and mime to commedia dell'arte, Bowie became immersed in the creation of personae to present to the world. Satirising life in a British prison, meanwhile, the Bowie-penned "Over the Wall We Go" became a 1967 single for Oscar; another Bowie composition, "Silly Boy Blue", was released by Billy Fury the following year.[21] After Kemp cast Bowie with Hermione Farthingale for a poetic minuet, the pair began dating; they soon moved into a London flat together. Playing acoustic guitar, she formed a group with Bowie and bassist John Hutchinson; between September 1968 and early 1969, when Bowie and Farthingale broke up, the trio gave a small number of concerts combining folk, Merseybeat, poetry and mime.[22]
1969–73: psychedelic folk to glam rock[link]
[edit] Space Oddity to Hunky Dory
Because of his lack of commercial success, Bowie was forced to try to earn a living in different ways. He featured in a Lyons Maid ice cream commercial, but was rejected for another by Kit Kat.[23] Intended as a vehicle to promote the singer, a 30-minute film featuring performances from his repertoire, Love You till Tuesday, was made. Although not released until 1984, the filming sessions in January 1969 led to unexpected success when Bowie told the producers, "That film of yours—I've got a new song for it." He then demoed the song that would provide his commercial breakthrough. "Space Oddity" was released later in the year to coincide with the first moon landing.[23] Breaking up with Farthingale shortly after completion of the film, Bowie moved in with Mary Finnigan as her lodger.[24] Continuing the divergence from rock and roll and blues begun by his work with Farthingale, Bowie joined forces with Finnigan, Christina Ostrom and Barrie Jackson to run a folk club on Sunday nights at the Three Tuns pub in Beckenham High Street.[24] This soon morphed into the Beckenham Arts Lab, and became extremely popular. The Arts Lab hosted a free festival in a local park, later immortalised by Bowie in his song "Memory of a Free Festival".[25] "Space Oddity" was released on 11 July, five days ahead of the Apollo 11 launch, to become a UK top five hit. Bowie's second album, Space Oddity, followed in November; originally issued in the UK as David Bowie, it caused some confusion with its predecessor of the same name, and the early US release was instead titled Man of Words/Man of Music. Featuring philosophical post-hippie lyrics on peace, love and morality, its acoustic folk rock occasionally fortified by harder rock, the album was not a commercial success at the time of its release.[26]
Bowie met Angela Barnett in April 1969. They would marry within a year. Her impact on him was immediate, and her involvement in his career far-reaching, leaving Pitt with limited influence.[27] Having established himself as a solo artist with "Space Oddity", Bowie now began to sense a lack: "a full-time band for gigs and recording—people he could relate to personally".[28] The shortcoming was underlined by his artistic rivalry with Marc Bolan, who was at the time acting as his session guitarist.[28] A band was duly assembled. John Cambridge, a drummer Bowie met at the Arts Lab, was joined by Tony Visconti on bass and Mick Ronson on electric guitar. Known as The Hype, the band members created characters for themselves and wore elaborate costumes that prefigured the glam style of The Spiders From Mars. After a disastrous opening gig at the London Roundhouse, they reverted to a configuration presenting Bowie as a solo artist.[28][29] Their initial studio work was marred by a heated disagreement between Bowie and Cambridge over the latter's drumming style; matters came to a head when Bowie, enraged, accused, "You're fucking up my album." Cambridge summarily quit and was replaced by Mick Woodmansey.[30] Not long after, in a move that would result in years of litigation, at the conclusion of which Bowie would be forced to pay Pitt compensation, the singer fired his manager, replacing him with Tony Defries.[30]
The studio sessions continued and resulted in Bowie's third album, The Man Who Sold the World (1970). Characterised by the heavy rock sound of his new backing band, it was a marked departure from the acoustic guitar and folk rock style established by Space Oddity. To promote it in the United States, Mercury Records financed a coast-to-coast publicity tour in which Bowie, between January and February 1971, was interviewed by radio stations and the media. Exploiting his androgynous appearance, the original cover of the UK version unveiled two months later would depict the singer wearing a dress: taking the garment with him, he wore it during interviews—to the approval of critics, including Rolling Stone's John Mendelsohn who described him as "ravishing, almost disconcertingly reminiscent of Lauren Bacall"—and in the street, to mixed reaction including laughter and, in the case of one male pedestrian, producing a gun and telling Bowie to "kiss my ass".[31][32] During the tour Bowie's observation of two seminal American proto-punk artists led him to develop a concept that would eventually find form in the Ziggy Stardust character: a melding of the persona of Iggy Pop with the music of Lou Reed, producing "the ultimate pop idol".[31] A girlfriend recalled his "scrawling notes on a cocktail napkin about a crazy rock star named Iggy or Ziggy", and on his return to England he declared his intention to create a character "who looks like he's landed from Mars".[31]
Hunky Dory (1971) found Visconti, Bowie's producer and bassist, supplanted in both roles, by Ken Scott and Trevor Bolder respectively. The album saw the partial return of the fey pop singer of "Space Oddity", with light fare such as "Kooks", a song written for his son, Duncan Zowie Haywood Jones, born on 30 May.[33] (His parents chose "his kooky name"—he would be known as Zowie for the next 12 years—after the Greek word zoe, life.)[34] Elsewhere, the album explored more serious themes, and found Bowie paying unusually direct homage to his influences with "Song for Bob Dylan", "Andy Warhol", and "Queen Bitch", a Velvet Underground pastiche. It was not a significant commercial success at the time[35] but was ranked No.16 by voters in the All Time Top 1000 Albums.
[edit] Ziggy Stardust
With his next venture, Bowie, in the words of biographer David Buckley, "challenged the core belief of the rock music of its day" and "created perhaps the biggest cult in popular culture".[2] Dressed in a striking costume, his hair dyed red, Bowie launched his Ziggy Stardust stage show with the Spiders from Mars—Ronson, Bolder and Woodmansey—at the Toby Jug pub in Tolworth on 10 February 1972.[36] The show was hugely popular, catapulting him to stardom as he toured the UK over the course of the next six months and creating, as described by Buckley, a "cult of Bowie" that was "unique—its influence lasted longer and has been more creative than perhaps almost any other force within pop fandom."[36] The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars (1972), combining the hard rock elements of The Man Who Sold the World with the lighter experimental rock and pop of Hunky Dory, was released in June. "Starman", issued as an April single ahead of the album, was to cement Bowie's UK breakthrough: both single and album charted rapidly following his July Top of the Pops performance of the song. The album, which would remain in the chart for two years, was soon joined there by the six-month-old Hunky Dory. At the same time the non-album single "John, I’m Only Dancing", and "All the Young Dudes", a song he wrote and produced for Mott the Hoople, became UK hits. The Ziggy Stardust Tour continued to the United States.[37]
Bowie contributed backing vocals to Lou Reed's 1972 solo breakthrough Transformer, co-producing the album with Mick Ronson.[38] His own Aladdin Sane (1973) topped the UK chart, his first number one album. Described by Bowie as "Ziggy goes to America", it contained songs he wrote while travelling to and across the United States during the earlier part of the Ziggy tour, which now continued to Japan to promote the new album. Aladdin Sane spawned the UK top five singles "The Jean Genie" and "Drive-In Saturday".[39][40]
Bowie's love of acting led his total immersion in the characters he created for his music. "Offstage I'm a robot. Onstage I achieve emotion. It's probably why I prefer dressing up as Ziggy to being David." With satisfaction came severe personal difficulties: acting the same role over an extended period, it became impossible for him to separate Ziggy Stardust—and, later, the Thin White Duke—from his own character offstage. Ziggy, Bowie said, "wouldn't leave me alone for years. That was when it all started to go sour ... My whole personality was affected. It became very dangerous. I really did have doubts about my sanity."[41] His later Ziggy shows, which included songs from both Ziggy Stardust and Aladdin Sane, were ultra-theatrical affairs filled with shocking stage moments, such as Bowie stripping down to a sumo wrestling loincloth or simulating oral sex with Ronson's guitar.[42] Bowie toured and gave press conferences as Ziggy before a dramatic and abrupt on-stage "retirement" at London's Hammersmith Odeon on 3 July 1973. Footage from the final show was released in 1983 for the film Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars.[43]
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Sample of "Ziggy Stardust" (1972). A pioneer of glam rock, Bowie performed as the character Ziggy Stardust, backed by The Spiders from Mars.
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After breaking up the Spiders from Mars, Bowie attempted to move on from his Ziggy persona. His back catalogue was now highly sought: The Man Who Sold the World had been re-released in 1972 along with Space Oddity. "Life on Mars?", from Hunky Dory, was released in June 1973 and made number three in the UK singles chart. Entering the same chart in September, Bowie's novelty record from 1967, "The Laughing Gnome", would reach number four.[44] Pin Ups, a collection of covers of his 1960s favourites, followed in October, producing a UK number three hit in "Sorrow" and itself peaking at number one, making David Bowie the best-selling act of 1973 in the UK. It brought the total number of Bowie albums currently in the UK chart to six.[45]
1974–76: soul, funk and the Thin White Duke[link]
Bowie moved to the United States in 1974, initially staying in New York City before settling in Los Angeles.[46] Diamond Dogs (1974), parts of which found him heading towards soul and funk, was the product of two distinct ideas: a musical based on a wild future in a post-apocalyptic city, and setting George Orwell's 1984 to music.[47] The album went to number one in the UK, spawning the hits "Rebel Rebel" and "Diamond Dogs", and number five in the US. To promote it, Bowie launched the Diamond Dogs Tour, visiting cities in North America between June and December 1974. Choreographed by Toni Basil, and lavishly produced with theatrical special effects, the high-budget stage production was filmed by Alan Yentob. The resulting documentary, Cracked Actor, featured a pasty and emaciated Bowie: the tour coincided with the singer's slide from heavy cocaine use into addiction, producing severe physical debilitation, paranoia and emotional problems.[48] He later commented that the accompanying live album, David Live, ought to have been titled "David Bowie Is Alive and Well and Living Only In Theory". David Live nevertheless solidified Bowie's status as a superstar, charting at number two in the UK and number eight in the US. It also spawned a UK number ten hit in Bowie's cover of "Knock on Wood". After a break in Philadelphia, where Bowie recorded new material, the tour resumed with a new emphasis on soul.[49]
The fruit of the Philadelphia recording sessions was Young Americans (1975). Biographer Christopher Sandford writes, "Over the years, most British rockers had tried, one way or another, to become black-by-extension. Few had succeeded as Bowie did now."[50] The album's sound, which the singer identified as "plastic soul", constituted a radical shift in style that initially alienated many of his UK devotees.[51] Young Americans yielded Bowie's first US number one, "Fame", co-written with John Lennon, who contributed backing vocals, and Carlos Alomar. Lennon would call Bowie's work as "great, but just rock and roll with lipstick on".[52] Earning the distinction of being one of the first white artists to appear on the US variety show Soul Train, Bowie mimed "Fame", as well as "Golden Years", his November single,[53] that it was offered to Elvis Presley to perform, but Presley declined it.[53] Young Americans was a commercial success in both the US and the UK, and a re-issue of the 1969 single "Space Oddity" became Bowie's first number one hit in the UK a few months after "Fame" achieved the same in the US.[54] Despite his by now well established superstardom, Bowie, in the words of biographer Christopher Sandford, "for all his record sales (over a million copies of Ziggy Stardust alone), existed essentially on loose change."[55] In 1975, in a move echoing Ken Pitt's acrimonious dismissal five years earlier, Bowie fired his manager. At the culmination of the ensuing months-long legal dispute, he watched, as described by Sandford, "millions of dollars of his future earnings being surrendered" in what were "uniquely generous terms for Defries", then "shut himself up in West 20th Street, where for a week his howls could be heard through the locked attic door."[55] Michael Lippman, Bowie's lawyer during the negotiations, became his new manager; Lippman in turn would be awarded substantial compensation when Bowie fired him the following year.[56]
Station to Station (1976) introduced a new Bowie persona, the "Thin White Duke" of its title track. Visually, the character was an extension of Thomas Jerome Newton, the extraterrestrial being he portrayed in the film The Man Who Fell to Earth the same year.[57] Developing the funk and soul of Young Americans, Station to Station also prefigured the Krautrock and synthesiser music of his next releases. The extent to which drug addiction was now affecting Bowie was made public when Russell Harty interviewed the singer for his London Weekend Television talk show in anticipation of the album's supporting tour. Shortly before the satellite-linked interview was scheduled to commence, the death of the Spanish dictator General Franco was announced. Bowie was asked to relinquish the satellite booking, to allow the Spanish Government to put out a live newsfeed. This he refused to do, and his interview went ahead. In the ensuing conversation with Harty, as described by biographer David Buckley, "the singer made hardly any sense at all throughout what was quite an extensive interview. [...] Bowie looked completely disconnected and was hardly able to utter a coherent sentence."[58] His sanity—by his own later admission—had become twisted from cocaine; he overdosed several times during the year, and was withering physically to an alarming degree.[48][59]
Station to Station's January 1976 release was followed in February by a three-and-a-half-month concert tour of Europe and North America. Featuring a starkly lit set, the Isolar – 1976 Tour highlighted songs from the album, including the dramatic and lengthy title track, the ballads "Wild Is the Wind" and "Word on a Wing", and the funkier "TVC 15" and "Stay". The core band that coalesced around this album and tour—rhythm guitarist Alomar, bassist George Murray, and drummer Dennis Davis—would continue as a stable unit for the remainder of the 1970s. The tour was highly successful but mired in political controversy. Bowie was quoted in Stockholm as saying that "Britain could benefit from a Fascist leader", and was detained by customs on the Russian/Polish border for possessing Nazi paraphernalia.[60] Matters came to a head in London in May in what became known as the "Victoria Station incident". Arriving in an open-top Mercedes convertible, the singer waved to the crowd in a gesture that some alleged was a Nazi salute, which was captured on camera and published in NME. Bowie said the photographer simply caught him in mid-wave.[61] He later blamed his pro-Fascism comments and his behaviour during the period on his addictions and the character of the Thin White Duke.[62] "I was out of my mind, totally crazed. The main thing I was functioning on was mythology ... that whole thing about Hitler and Rightism ... I'd discovered King Arthur ...".[59] According to playwright Alan Franks, writing later in The Times, "he was indeed 'deranged'. He had some very bad experiences with hard drugs."[63]
1976–79: the Berlin era[link]
Bowie moved to Switzerland in 1976, purchasing a chalet in the hills to the north of Lake Geneva. In the new environment, his cocaine use increased; so too did his interest in pursuits outside his musical career. He took up painting, and produced a number of post-modernist pieces. When on tour, he took to sketching in a notebook, and photographing scenes for later reference. Visiting galleries in Geneva and the Brücke Museum in Berlin, Bowie became, in the words of biographer Christopher Sandford, "a prolific producer and collector of contemporary art. [...] Not only did he become a well-known patron of expressionist art: locked in Clos des Mésanges he began an intensive self-improvement course in classical music and literature, and started work on an autobiography".[64]
Before the end of 1976, Bowie's interest in the burgeoning German music scene, as well as his drug addiction, prompted him to move to West Berlin to clean up and revitalise his career. Working with Brian Eno while sharing an apartment in Schöneberg with Iggy Pop, he began to focus on minimalist, ambient music for the first of three albums, co-produced with Tony Visconti, that would become known as his Berlin Trilogy.[65] During the same period, Iggy Pop, with Bowie as a co-writer and musician, completed his solo album debut, The Idiot, and its follow-up, Lust for Life, touring the UK, Europe, and the US in March and April 1977.[66] Low (1977), partly influenced by the Krautrock sound of Kraftwerk and Neu!, evidenced a move away from narration in Bowie's songwriting to a more abstract musical form in which lyrics were sporadic and optional. It received considerable negative criticism upon its release—a release which RCA, anxious to maintain the established commercial momentum, did not welcome, and which Bowie's ex-manager, Tony Defries, who still maintained a significant financial interest in the singer's affairs, tried to prevent. Despite these forebodings, Low yielded the UK number three single "Sound and Vision", and its own performance surpassed that of Station to Station in the UK chart, where it reached number two. Leading contemporary composer Philip Glass described Low as "a work of genius" in 1992, when he used it as the basis for his Symphony No. 1 "Low"; subsequently, Glass used Bowie's next album as the basis for his 1996 Symphony No. 4 "Heroes".[67][68] Glass has praised Bowie's gift for creating "fairly complex pieces of music, masquerading as simple pieces".[69]
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Sample of "Heroes" (1977). One of the ambient rock songs to emerge from Bowie's Berlin Trilogy era, "Heroes" gained lasting popularity.
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Echoing Low's minimalist, instrumental approach, the second of the trilogy, "Heroes" (1977), incorporated pop and rock to a greater extent, seeing Bowie joined by guitarist Robert Fripp. Like Low, "Heroes" evinced the zeitgeist of the Cold War, symbolised by the divided city of Berlin.[70] Incorporating ambient sounds from a variety of sources including white noise generators, synthesizers and koto, the album was another hit, reaching number three in the UK. Its title track, though only reaching number 24 in the UK singles chart, gained lasting popularity, and within months had been released in both German and French.[71] Towards the end of the year, Bowie performed the song for Marc Bolan's television show Marc, and again two days later for Bing Crosby's televised Christmas special, when he joined Crosby in "Peace on Earth/Little Drummer Boy", a version of "The Little Drummer Boy" with a new, contrapuntal verse. Five years later, the duet would prove a worldwide seasonal hit, charting in the UK at number three on Christmas Day, 1982.[72]
After completing Low and "Heroes", Bowie spent much of 1978 on the Isolar II world tour, bringing the music of the first two Berlin Trilogy albums to almost a million people during 70 concerts in 12 countries. By now he had broken his drug addiction; biographer David Buckley writes that Isolar II was "Bowie's first tour for five years in which he had probably not anaesthetised himself with copious quantities of cocaine before taking the stage. [...] Without the oblivion that drugs had brought, he was now in a healthy enough mental condition to want to make friends."[73] Recordings from the tour made up the live album Stage, released the same year.[74]
The final piece in what Bowie called his "triptych", Lodger (1979), eschewed the minimalist, ambient nature of the other two, making a partial return to the drum- and guitar-based rock and pop of his pre-Berlin era. The result was a complex mixture of New Wave and World Music, in places incorporating Hejaz non-Western scales. Some tracks were composed using Eno and Peter Schmidt's Oblique Strategies cards: "Boys Keep Swinging" entailed band members swapping instruments, "Move On" used the chords from Bowie's early composition "All the Young Dudes" played backwards, and "Red Money" took backing tracks from "Sister Midnight", a piece previously composed with Iggy Pop.[75] The album was recorded in Switzerland. Ahead of its release, RCA's Mel Ilberman stated, "It would be fair to call it Bowie's Sergeant Pepper [...] a concept album that portrays the Lodger as a homeless wanderer, shunned and victimized by life's pressures and technology." As described by biographer Christopher Sandford, "The record dashed such high hopes with dubious choices, and production that spelt the end—for fifteen years—of Bowie's partnership with Eno." Lodger reached number 4 in the UK and number 20 in the US, and yielded the UK hit singles "Boys Keep Swinging" and "DJ".[76][77] Towards the end of the year, Bowie and Angela initiated divorce proceedings, and after months of court battles the marriage was ended in early 1980.[78]
1980–89: from superstar to megastar[link]
Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps) (1980) produced the number one hit "Ashes to Ashes", featuring the textural work of guitar-synthesist Chuck Hammer and revisiting the character of Major Tom from "Space Oddity". The song gave international exposure to the underground New Romantic movement when Bowie visited the London club "Blitz"—the main New Romantic hangout—to recruit several of the regulars (including Steve Strange of the band Visage) to act in the accompanying video, renowned as one of the most innovative of all time.[79] While Scary Monsters utilised principles established by the Berlin albums, it was considered by critics to be far more direct musically and lyrically. The album's hard rock edge included conspicuous guitar contributions from Robert Fripp, Pete Townshend, Chuck Hammer and Tom Verlaine.[80] As "Ashes to Ashes" hit number one on the UK charts, Bowie opened a three-month run on Broadway on 24 September, starring in The Elephant Man.[81] The same year, he made a cameo appearance in the German film Christiane F., a real-life story of teenage drug addiction in 1970s Berlin. The soundtrack, in which Bowie's music featured prominently, was released as Christiane F. a few months later.
Bowie paired with Queen in 1981 for a one-off single release, "Under Pressure". The duet was a hit, becoming Bowie's third UK number one single. Bowie was given the lead role in the BBC's 1981 televised adaptation of Bertolt Brecht's play Baal. Coinciding with its transmission, a five-track EP of songs from the play, recorded earlier in Berlin, was released as David Bowie in Bertolt Brecht's Baal. In March 1982, the month before Paul Schrader's film Cat People came out, Bowie's title song, "Cat People (Putting Out Fire)", was released as a single, becoming a minor US hit and entering the UK top 30.[82]
Bowie reached a new peak of popularity and commercial success in 1983 with Let's Dance. Co-produced by Chic's Nile Rodgers, the album went platinum in both the UK and the US. Its three singles became top twenty hits in both countries, where its title track reached number one. "Modern Love" and "China Girl" made number two in the UK, accompanied by a pair of acclaimed promotional videos that, as described by biographer David Buckley, "were totally absorbing and activated key archetypes in the pop world. 'Let's Dance', with its little narrative surrounding the young Aborigine couple, targeted 'youth', and 'China Girl', with its bare-bummed (and later partially censored) beach lovemaking scene (a homage to the film From Here to Eternity), was sufficiently sexually provocative to guarantee heavy rotation on MTV. By 1983, Bowie had emerged as one of the most important video artists of the day. Let's Dance was followed by the Serious Moonlight Tour, during which Bowie was accompanied by guitarist Earl Slick and backing vocalists Frank and George Simms. The world tour lasted six months and was extremely popular.[83] Stevie Ray Vaughan was guest guitarist playing solo on "Let's Dance".
Tonight (1984), another dance-oriented album, found Bowie collaborating with Tina Turner and, once again, Iggy Pop. It included a number of cover songs, among them the 1966 Beach Boys hit "God Only Knows". The album bore the transatlantic top ten hit "Blue Jean", itself the inspiration for a short film that won Bowie a Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video, "Jazzin' for Blue Jean". Bowie performed at Wembley in 1985 for Live Aid, a multi-venue benefit concert for Ethiopian famine relief. During the event, the video for a fundraising single was premièred, Bowie's duet with Mick Jagger. "Dancing in the Street" quickly went to number one on release. The same year, Bowie worked with the Pat Metheny Group to record "This Is Not America" for the soundtrack of The Falcon and the Snowman. Released as a single, the song became a top 40 hit in the UK and US.[84]
Bowie was given a role in the 1986 film Absolute Beginners. It was poorly received by critics, but Bowie's theme song rose to number two in the UK charts. He also appeared as Jareth, the Goblin King, in the 1986 Jim Henson film Labyrinth, for which he wrote five songs. His final solo album of the decade was 1987's Never Let Me Down, where he ditched the light sound of his previous two albums, instead offering harder rock with an industrial/techno dance edge. Peaking at number six in the UK, the album yielded the hits "Day-In, Day-Out" (his 60th single), "Time Will Crawl", and "Never Let Me Down". Bowie later described it as his "nadir", calling it "an awful album".[85] Supporting Never Let Me Down, and preceded by nine promotional press shows, the 86-concert Glass Spider Tour commenced on 30 May. Bowie's backing band included Peter Frampton on lead guitar. Critics maligned the tour as overproduced, saying it pandered to the current stadium rock trends in its special effects and dancing.[86]
1989–91: Tin Machine[link]
Bowie shelved his solo career in 1989, retreating to the relative anonymity of band membership for the first time since the early 1970s. A hard-rocking quartet, Tin Machine came into being after Bowie began to work experimentally with guitarist Reeves Gabrels. The line-up was completed by Tony and Hunt Sales, whom Bowie had known since the late 1970s for their contribution, on drums and bass respectively, to Iggy Pop's 1977 album Lust For Life.[87]
Though he intended Tin Machine to operate as a democracy, Bowie dominated, both in songwriting and in decision-making.[88] The band's album debut, Tin Machine (1989), was initially popular, though its politicised lyrics did not find universal approval: Bowie described one song as "a simplistic, naive, radical, laying-it-down about the emergence of neo-Nazis"; in the view of biographer Christopher Sandford, "It took nerve to denounce drugs, fascism and TV [...] in terms that reached the literary level of a comic book."[89] EMI complained of "lyrics that preach" as well as "repetitive tunes" and "minimalist or no production".[90] The album nevertheless reached number three in the UK.[89] Tin Machine's first world tour was a commercial success, but there was growing reluctance—among fans and critics alike—to accept Bowie's presentation as merely a band member.[91] A series of Tin Machine singles failed to chart, and Bowie, after a disagreement with EMI, left the label.[92] Like his audience and his critics, Bowie himself became increasingly disaffected with his role as just one member of a band.[93] Tin Machine began work on a second album, but Bowie put the venture on hold and made a return to solo work. Performing his early hits during the seven-month Sound+Vision Tour, he found commercial success and acclaim once again.[94]
In October 1990, a decade after his divorce from Angela, Bowie and Somali-born supermodel Iman were introduced by a mutual friend. Bowie recalled, "I was naming the children the night we met ... it was absolutely immediate." They would marry in 1992.[95] Tin Machine resumed work the same month, but their audience and critics, ultimately left disappointed by the first album, showed little interest in a second. Tin Machine II's arrival was marked by a widely publicised and ill-timed conflict over the cover art: after production had begun, the new record label, Victory, deemed the depiction of four ancient nude Kouroi statues, judged by Bowie to be "in exquisite taste", "a show of wrong, obscene images", requiring air-brushing and patching to render the figures sexless.[96] Tin Machine toured again, but after the live album Tin Machine Live: Oy Vey, Baby failed commercially, the band drifted apart, and Bowie, though he continued to collaborate with Gabrels, resumed his solo career.[97]
1992–99: electronica[link]
In April 1992 Bowie appeared at the Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert, following the Queen frontman's death the previous year. As well as performing "Heroes" and "All the Young Dudes", he was joined on "Under Pressure" by Annie Lennox, who took Mercury's vocal part.[98] Four days later, Bowie and Iman were married in Switzerland. Intending to move to Los Angeles, they flew in to search for a suitable property, but found themselves confined to their hotel, under curfew: the 1992 Los Angeles riots began the day they arrived. They settled in New York instead.[99]
1993 saw the release of Bowie's first solo offering since his Tin Machine departure, the soul, jazz and hip-hop influenced Black Tie White Noise. Making prominent use of electronic instruments, the album, which reunited Bowie with Let's Dance producer Nile Rodgers, confirmed Bowie's return to popularity, hitting the number one spot on the UK charts and spawning three top 40 hits, including the top 10 song "Jump They Say".[100] Bowie explored new directions on The Buddha of Suburbia (1993), a soundtrack album of incidental music composed for the TV series adaptation of Hanif Kureishi's novel. It contained some of the new elements introduced in Black Tie White Noise, and also signalled a move towards alternative rock. The album was a critical success but received a low-key release and only made number 87 in the UK charts.[101]
Reuniting Bowie with Eno, the quasi-industrial Outside (1995) was originally conceived as the first volume in a non-linear narrative of art and murder. Featuring characters from a short story written by Bowie, the album achieved US and UK chart success, and yielded three top 40 UK singles.[102] In a move that provoked mixed reaction from both fans and critics, Bowie chose Nine Inch Nails as his tour partner for the Outside Tour. Visiting cities in Europe and North America between September 1995 and February the following year, the tour saw the return of Gabrels as Bowie's guitarist.[103]
Bowie was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on 17 January 1996.[104] Incorporating experiments in British jungle and drum 'n' bass, Earthling (1997) was a critical and commercial success in the UK and the US, and two singles from the album became UK top 40 hits. Bowie's song "I'm Afraid of Americans" from the Paul Verhoeven film Showgirls was re-recorded for the album, and remixed by Trent Reznor for a single release. The heavy rotation of the accompanying video, also featuring Reznor, contributed to the song's 16-week stay in the US Billboard Hot 100. The Earthling Tour took in Europe and North America between June and November 1997.[105] Bowie reunited with Visconti in 1998 to record "(Safe in This) Sky Life" for The Rugrats Movie. Although the track was edited out of the final cut, it would later be re-recorded and released as "Safe" on the B-side of Bowie's 2002 single "Everyone Says 'Hi'".[106] The reunion led to other collaborations including a limited-edition single release version of Placebo's track "Without You I'm Nothing", co-produced by Visconti, with Bowie's harmonised vocal added to the original recording.[107]
1999–present: neoclassicist Bowie[link]
Bowie created the soundtrack for Omikron, a 1999 computer game in which he and Iman also appeared as characters. Released the same year and containing re-recorded tracks from Omikron, his album 'Hours...' featured a song with lyrics by the winner of his "Cyber Song Contest" Internet competition, Alex Grant.[108] Making extensive use of live instruments, the album was Bowie's exit from heavy electronica.[109] Sessions for the planned album Toy, intended to feature new versions of some of Bowie's earliest pieces as well as three new songs, commenced in 2000, but the album was never released. Bowie and Visconti continued their collaboration, producing a new album of completely original songs instead: the result of the sessions was the 2002 album Heathen.[110] Alexandria Zahra Jones, Bowie and Iman's daughter, was born on 15 August.[111]
In October 2001, Bowie opened The Concert for New York City, a charity event to benefit the victims of the September 11 attacks, with a minimalist performance of Simon & Garfunkel's "America", followed by a full band performance of "Heroes".[112] 2002 saw the release of Heathen, and, during the second half of the year, the Heathen Tour. Taking in Europe and North America, the tour opened at London's annual Meltdown festival, for which Bowie was that year appointed artistic director. Among the acts he selected for the festival were Philip Glass, Television and The Polyphonic Spree. As well as songs from the new album, the tour featured material from Bowie's Low era.[113] Reality (2003) followed, and its accompanying world tour, the A Reality Tour, with an estimated attendance of 722,000, grossed more than any other in 2004. Onstage in Oslo, Norway, on 18 June, Bowie was hit in the eye with a lollipop thrown by a fan; a week later he suffered chest pain while performing at the Hurricane Festival in Scheeßel, Germany. Originally thought to be a pinched nerve in his shoulder, the pain was later diagnosed as an acutely blocked artery, requiring an emergency angioplasty in Hamburg. The remaining 14 dates of the tour were cancelled.[114]
Since recuperating from the heart surgery, Bowie has reduced his musical output, making only one-off appearances on stage and in the studio. He sang in a duet of his 1972 song "Changes" with Butterfly Boucher for the 2004 animated film Shrek 2.[115] During a relatively quiet 2005, he recorded the vocals for the song "(She Can) Do That", co-written with Brian Transeau, for the film Stealth.[116] He returned to the stage on 8 September 2005, appearing with Arcade Fire for the US nationally televised event Fashion Rocks, and performed with the Canadian band for the second time a week later during the CMJ Music Marathon.[117] He contributed back-up vocals on TV on the Radio's song "Province" for their album Return to Cookie Mountain,[118] made a commercial with Snoop Dogg for XM Satellite Radio,[119] and joined with Lou Reed on Danish alt-rockers Kashmir's 2005 album No Balance Palace.[120]
Bowie was awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award on 8 February 2006.[121] In April, he announced, "I’m taking a year off—no touring, no albums."[122] He made a surprise guest appearance at David Gilmour's 29 May concert at the Royal Albert Hall in London. The event was recorded, and a selection of songs on which he had contributed joint vocals were subsequently released.[123] He performed again in November, alongside Alicia Keys, at the Black Ball, a New York benefit event for Keep a Child Alive,[124] a performance that marks the last time Bowie performed his music on stage.[125]
Bowie was chosen to curate the 2007 High Line Festival, selecting musicians and artists for the Manhattan event,[126] and performed on Scarlett Johansson's 2008 album of Tom Waits covers, Anywhere I Lay My Head.[127] On the 40th anniversary of the July 1969 moon landing—and Bowie's accompanying commercial breakthrough with "Space Oddity"—EMI released the individual tracks from the original eight-track studio recording of the song, in a 2009 contest inviting members of the public to create a remix.[128] A Reality Tour, a double album of live material from the 2003 concert tour, was released in January 2010.[129]
In late March 2011, Toy, Bowie's previously unreleased album from 2001, was leaked onto the internet, containing material used for Heathen and most of its single B-sides, as well as unheard new versions of his early back catalogue.[130][131]
Acting career[link]
Main article: David Bowie filmography
Biographer David Buckley writes, "The essence of Bowie's contribution to popular music can be found in his outstanding ability to analyse and select ideas from outside the mainstream—from art, literature, theatre and film—and to bring them inside, so that the currency of pop is constantly being changed."[132] Buckley says, "Just one person took glam rock to new rarefied heights and invented character-playing in pop, marrying theatre and popular music in one seamless, powerful whole."[133] Bowie's career has also been punctuated by various roles in film and theatre productions, earning him some acclaim as an actor in his own right.
The beginnings of his acting career predate his commercial breakthrough as a musician. Studying avant-garde theatre and mime under Lindsay Kemp, he was given the role of Cloud in Kemp's 1967 theatrical production Pierrot in Turquoise (later made into the 1970 television film The Looking Glass Murders).[134] In the black-and-white short The Image (1969), he played a ghostly boy who emerges from a troubled artist's painting to haunt him.[135] The same year, the film of Leslie Thomas's 1966 comic novel The Virgin Soldiers saw Bowie make a brief appearance as an extra.[135] In 1976 he earned acclaim for his first major film role, portraying Thomas Jerome Newton, an alien from a dying planet, in The Man Who Fell to Earth, directed by Nic Roeg. Just a Gigolo (1979), an Anglo-German co-production directed by David Hemmings, saw Bowie in the lead role as Prussian officer Paul von Przygodski, who, returning from World War I, is discovered by a Baroness (Marlene Dietrich) and put into her Gigolo Stable.
Bowie took the title role in the Broadway theatre production The Elephant Man, earning high praise for an expressive performance. He played the part 157 times between 1980 and 1981.[81] Christiane F. – Wir Kinder vom Bahnhof Zoo, a 1981 biographical film focusing on a young girl's drug addiction in West Berlin, featured Bowie in a cameo appearance as himself at a concert in Germany. Its soundtrack album, Christiane F. (1981), featured much material from his Berlin Trilogy albums.[136] Bowie starred in The Hunger (1983), a revisionist vampire film, with Catherine Deneuve and Susan Sarandon. In Nagisa Oshima's film the same year, Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence, based on Laurens van der Post's novel The Seed and the Sower, Bowie played Major Jack Celliers, a prisoner of war in a Japanese internment camp. Bowie had a cameo in Yellowbeard, a 1983 pirate comedy created by Monty Python members, and a small part as Colin, the hitman in the 1985 film Into the Night. He declined to play the villain Max Zorin in the James Bond film A View to a Kill (1985).[137]
Absolute Beginners (1986), a rock musical based on Colin MacInnes's 1959 novel about London life, featured Bowie's music and presented him with a minor acting role. The same year, Jim Henson's dark fantasy Labyrinth found him with the part of Jareth, the king of the goblins.[138] Two years later he played Pontius Pilate in Martin Scorsese's 1988 film The Last Temptation of Christ. Bowie portrayed a disgruntled restaurant employee opposite Rosanna Arquette in The Linguini Incident (1991), and the mysterious FBI agent Phillip Jeffries in David Lynch's Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me (1992). He took a small but pivotal role as Andy Warhol in Basquiat, artist/director Julian Schnabel's 1996 biopic of Jean-Michel Basquiat, and co-starred in Giovanni Veronesi's Spaghetti Western Il Mio West (1998, released as Gunslinger's Revenge in the US in 2005) as the most feared gunfighter in the region.[139] He played the ageing gangster Bernie in Andrew Goth's Everybody Loves Sunshine (1999), and appeared in the TV horror serial of The Hunger. In Mr. Rice's Secret (2000), he played the title role as the neighbour of a terminally ill twelve-year-old, and the following year appeared as himself in Zoolander.
Bowie portrayed physicist Nikola Tesla in the Christopher Nolan film, The Prestige (2006), which was about the bitter rivalry between two magicians in the late 19th century. He voice-acted in the animated film Arthur and the Invisibles as the powerful villain Maltazard, and lent his voice to the character Lord Royal Highness in the SpongeBob's Atlantis SquarePantis television film. In the 2008 film August, directed by Austin Chick, he played a supporting role as Ogilvie, alongside Josh Hartnett and Rip Torn, with whom he had worked in 1976 for The Man Who Fell to Earth.[140][141]
Sexual orientation[link]
Buckley writes, "If Ziggy confused both his creator and his audience, a big part of that confusion centred on the topic of sexuality."[142] Bowie declared himself bisexual in an interview with Michael Watts of Melody Maker in January 1972, a move coinciding with the first shots in his campaign for stardom as Ziggy Stardust.[42] In a September 1976 interview with Playboy, Bowie said: "It's true—I am a bisexual. But I can't deny that I've used that fact very well. I suppose it's the best thing that ever happened to me."[143]
In a 1983 interview with Rolling Stone, Bowie said his public declaration of bisexuality was "the biggest mistake I ever made" and "I was always a closet heterosexual".[144] On other occasions, he said his interest in homosexual and bisexual culture had been more a product of the times and the situation in which he found himself than his own feelings; as described by Buckley, he said he had been driven more by "a compulsion to flout moral codes than a real biological and psychological state of being".[145][146]
Asked in 2002 by Blender whether he still believed his public declaration was the biggest mistake he ever made, he replied:
Interesting. [Long pause] I don’t think it was a mistake in Europe, but it was a lot tougher in America. I had no problem with people knowing I was bisexual. But I had no inclination to hold any banners nor be a representative of any group of people. I knew what I wanted to be, which was a songwriter and a performer, and I felt that bisexuality became my headline over here for so long. America is a very puritanical place, and I think it stood in the way of so much I wanted to do.[147]
Buckley's view of the period is that Bowie, "a taboo-breaker and a dabbler ... mined sexual intrigue for its ability to shock",[148] and that "it is probably true that Bowie was never gay, nor even consistently actively bisexual ... he did, from time to time, experiment, even if only out of a sense of curiosity and a genuine allegiance with the 'transgressional'."[149] Biographer Christopher Sandford says that according to Mary Finnigan, with whom Bowie had an affair in 1969, the singer and his first wife Angie "lived in a fantasy world [...] and they created their bisexual fantasy."[150] Sandford tells how, during the marriage, Bowie "made a positive fetish of repeating the quip that he and his wife had met while 'fucking the same bloke' [...] Gay sex was always an anecdotal and laughing matter. That Bowie's actual tastes swung the other way is clear from even a partial tally of his affairs with women."[150]
Musicianship[link]
From the time of his earliest recordings in the 1960s, Bowie has employed a wide variety of musical styles. His early compositions and performances were strongly influenced by not only rock and rollers like Little Richard and Elvis Presley but also the wider world of show business. He particularly strove to emulate the British musical theatre singer-songwriter and actor Anthony Newley, whose vocal style he frequently adopted, and made prominent use of for his 1967 debut release, David Bowie (to the disgust of Newley himself, who destroyed the copy he received from Bowie's publisher).[19][151] Bowie's music hall fascination continued to surface sporadically alongside such diverse styles as hard rock and heavy metal, soul, psychedelic folk and pop.[152]
Musicologist James Perone observes Bowie's use of octave switches for different repetitions of the same melody, exemplified in his commercial breakthrough single, "Space Oddity", and later in the song "Heroes", to dramatic effect; Perone notes that "in the lowest part of his vocal register [...] his voice has an almost crooner-like richness."[153]
Voice instructor Jo Thompson describes Bowie's vocal vibrato technique as "particularly deliberate and distinctive".[154] Schinder and Schwartz call him "a vocalist of extraordinary technical ability, able to pitch his singing to particular effect."[155] Here, too, as in his stagecraft and songwriting, the singer's chamaeleon-like nature is evident: historiographer Michael Campbell says that Bowie's lyrics "arrest our ear, without question. But Bowie continually shifts from person to person as he delivers them [...] His voice changes dramatically from section to section."[156]
Bowie plays many instruments, among them electric, acoustic, and twelve-string guitar; alto, tenor and baritone saxophone; keyboards including piano, synthesizers and Mellotron; harmonica, Stylophone, xylophone, vibraphone, koto, drums and percussion, and string instruments including viola and cello.[157][158][159][160]
Legacy[link]
Bowie's innovative songs and stagecraft brought a new dimension to popular music in the early 1970s, strongly influencing both its immediate forms and its subsequent development. A pioneer of glam rock, Bowie, according to music historians Schinder and Schwartz, has joint responsibility with Marc Bolan for creating the genre.[161] At the same time, he inspired the innovators of the punk rock music movement—historian Michael Campbell calls him "one of punk's seminal influences". While punk musicians trashed the conventions of pop stardom, Bowie moved on again—into a more abstract style of music making that would in turn become a transforming influence. Biographer David Buckley writes, "At a time when punk rock was noisily reclaiming the three-minute pop song in a show of public defiance, Bowie almost completely abandoned traditional rock instrumentation."[162][163] Bowie's record company sought to convey his unique status in popular music with the slogan, "There is old wave, there is new wave, and there is Bowie..."[164] Musicologist James Perone credits him with having "brought sophistication to rock music", and critical reviews frequently acknowledge the intellectual depth of his work and influence.[161][165][166]
Buckley writes that, in an early 1970s pop world that was "Bloated, self-important, leather-clad, self-satisfied, ... Bowie challenged the core belief of the rock music of its day." As described by John Peel, "The one distinguishing feature about early-70s progressive rock was that it didn't progress. Before Bowie came along, people didn't want too much change." Buckley says that Bowie "subverted the whole notion of what it was to be a rock star", with the result that "After Bowie there has been no other pop icon of his stature, because the pop world that produces these rock gods doesn't exist any more. ... The fierce partisanship of the cult of Bowie was also unique—its influence lasted longer and has been more creative than perhaps almost any other force within pop fandom." Buckley concludes that "Bowie is both star and icon. The vast body of work he has produced ... has created perhaps the biggest cult in popular culture. ... His influence has been unique in popular culture—he has permeated and altered more lives than any comparable figure."[2]
Bowie was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996.[104] Through perpetual reinvention, he has seen his influence continue to broaden and extend: music reviewer Brad Filicky writes that over the decades, "Bowie has become known as a musical chameleon, changing and dictating trends as much as he has altered his style to fit, influencing fashion and pop culture."[167] Biographer Thomas Forget adds, "Because he has succeeded in so many different styles of music, it is almost impossible to find a popular artist today that has not been influenced by David Bowie."[168]
Personal life[link]
Bowie married Mary Angela Barnett (also known as Angie Bowie) on 19 March 1970 at Bromley Register Office in Beckenham Lane, Kent. They had a son together, Zowie Bowie (also known as Duncan Jones, film director), and divorced on 8 February 1980 in Switzerland.
The 1971 song "Kooks" on the album Hunky Dory was written for his newborn son.
In 1992 Bowie married Somali-American model Iman. They have one daughter, Alexandria Zahra Jones, born 15 August 2000.[169] The couple resides primarily in Manhattan and London.[170]
Regarding his compositions, in 2005 he said "Questioning my spiritual life has always been germane to what I was writing. Always." because he is "not quite an atheist and it bothers me."[171]
Awards and recognition[link]
Main article: List of awards and nominations received by David Bowie
Bowie's 1969 commercial breakthrough, the song "Space Oddity", won him an Ivor Novello Special Award For Originality.[172] For his performance in the 1976 science fiction film The Man Who Fell to Earth, he won a Saturn Award for Best Actor.[173] In the ensuing decades he has been honoured with numerous awards for his music and its accompanying videos, receiving, among others, two Grammy Awards[174][175] and two BRIT Awards.[176]
In 1999, Bowie was made a Commander of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French government.[177] He received an honorary doctorate from Berklee College of Music the same year.[178] He declined the royal honour of Commander of the British Empire in 2000, and turned down a knighthood in 2003,[179] stating: "I would never have any intention of accepting anything like that. I seriously don't know what it's for. It's not what I spent my life working for."[180]
Throughout his career he has sold an estimated 250 million albums.[181] In the United Kingdom, he has been awarded 9 Platinum, 11 Gold and 8 Silver albums, and in the United States, 5 Platinum and 7 Gold.[182][183] In the BBC's 2002 poll of the 100 Greatest Britons, he was ranked 29.[181] In 2004, Rolling Stone magazine ranked him 39th on their list of the 100 Greatest Rock Artists of All Time[184] and the 23rd best singer of all time.[185] Bowie was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on 17 January 1996.[104]
Discography[link]
Main article: David Bowie discography
|
|
Filmography[link]
As Actor[link]
| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1967 | The Image | The Boy | short film |
| 1969 | The Virgin Soldiers | Soldier | (extra) |
| 1970 | Pierrot in Turquoise or The Looking Glass Murders | Cloud | television film |
| 1976 | The Man Who Fell to Earth | Thomas Jerome Newton | Saturn Award for Best Actor |
| 1978 | Just a Gigolo | Paul Ambrosius von Przygodski | |
| 1981 | Christiane F. (Wir Kinder vom Bahnhof Zoo) | Himself | cameo |
| 1982 | The Snowman | Narrator | re-released version |
| Baal | Baal | television film | |
| 1983 | Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence | Maj. Jack 'Strafer' Celliers | |
| The Hunger | John | ||
| Yellowbeard | The Shark | cameo (uncredited) | |
| 1985 | Into the Night | Colin Morris | cameo |
| 1986 | Labyrinth | Jareth the Goblin King | |
| Absolute Beginners | Vendice Partners | ||
| 1988 | The Last Temptation of Christ | Pontius Pilate | cameo |
| 1991 | The Linguini Incident | Monte | |
| 1991 | Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me | Phillip Jeffries | cameo |
| 1996 | Basquiat | Andy Warhol | |
| 1998 | Gunslinger's Revenge (Il mio West) | Jack Sikora | |
| 1999 | Everybody Loves Sunshine | Bernie | |
| 2000 | Mr. Rice's Secret | William Rice | |
| 2001 | Zoolander | Himself | cameo (nominated for MTV Movie Award) |
| 2006 | The Prestige | Nikola Tesla | |
| 2007 | Arthur and the Invisibles | Emperor Maltazard | voice: English version |
| 2008 | August | Cyrus Ogilvie | cameo |
| 2008 | Spongebob Squarepants | L.R.H | guest voice |
| 2009 | Bandslam | Himself | cameo |
As Musician[link]
- Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars: The Motion Picture (1983) (VHS, DVD in 2003)
- Love You Till Tuesday (1984) (VHS, DVD in 2005)
- Serious Moonlight (1984) (VHS, unofficial DVD in 1999, official DVD in 2006)
- Glass Spider (1988) (VHS, unofficial DVD as Glass Spider Tour in 2001, official DVD in 2007)
- Bowie – The Video Collection (1993) (VHS)
- Black Tie White Noise (1993) (VHS, DVD in 2005)
- Best of Bowie (2002) (DVD)
- A Reality Tour (2004) (DVD)
As Producer[link]
- Büvös vadász (1994) (... aka Magic Hunter)
- Passaggio per il paradiso (1998) (... aka Gentle Into the Night, ... aka Passage to Paradise)
- Scott Walker: 30 Century Man (2006)
Documentaries[link]
- Love You Till Tuesday (1969) (as the subject, short)
- Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars (1973) (as the subject, documentary/concert film)
- Cracked Actor (1974) (as the subject, BBC)
- Group Madness (1983)
- Cool Cats: Twenty-Five Years of Rock 'N' Roll Style (1983)
- Queen: The Magic Years (1987)
- Imagine: John Lennon (1988)
- Superstar: The Life and Times of Andy Warhol (1990)
- Travelling Light (1992)
- Inspirations (1997)
- Lou Reed: Rock and Roll Heart (1998)
- Mayor of the Sunset Strip (2003)
See also[link]
|
Book: David Bowie |
| Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print. | |
- Best selling music artists
- Bowie Bonds
- Bowie (Flight of the Conchords)
- List of artists who reached number one on the Hot 100 (US)
- List of artists who reached number one on the US Dance chart
- List of David Bowie tours
- List of number-one hits (United States)
- List of Number 1 Dance Hits (United States)
- List of people who have declined a British honour
Notes[link]
- ^ "How to say: Bowie". bbc.co.uk. 8 January 2008. http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/magazinemonitor/2007/01/how_to_say_bowie.shtml. Retrieved 16 September 2010.
- ^ a b c d Buckley (2005): pp. 516–17, 524, 529
- ^ "From Morrissey to Tony Blair: How Irelands children are at the heart of English culture". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/from-morrissey-to-tony-blair-how-irelands-children-are-at-the-heart-of-english-culture-445584.html. Retrieved 6 July 2011.
- ^ Hume, John et al (2008). Britain & Ireland: Lives Entwined III. British Council. p. 127. ISBN 978-0-86355-612-8.
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 9–16
- ^ a b Sandford (1997): pp. 18–19
- ^ Buckley (2000): p. 21.
- ^ a b c Sandford (1997): pp. 19–20
- ^ Doggett, Peter (January 2007). "Teenage Wildlife". Mojo Classic (Mojo) (60 Years of Bowie): 8–9.
- ^ a b Sandford (1997): pp. 21–22
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 25
- ^ Buckley (2005): p.19
- ^ Evans, Mike (2006). Rock 'n' Roll's Strangest Moments: Extraordinary Tales from Over Fifty Years. Anova Books. p. 57. ISBN 978-1-86105-923-9.
- ^ Heterochromia Central - What Is Central Heterochromia?
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 28
- ^ a b Sandford (1997): pp. 29–30
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 35–39
- ^ Buckley (2000): p. 33
- ^ a b Sandford (1997): pp. 41–42
- ^ a b Buckley (2005): pp. 41–42
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 46
- ^ Buckley (2005): pp. 49–52
- ^ a b Sandford (1997): pp. 49–50
- ^ a b Sandford (1997): p. 53
- ^ McKay, George (1996). Senseless Acts of Beauty: Cultures of Resistance. Verso. p. 188. ISBN 978-1-85984-908-8.
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 60
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 54–60
- ^ a b c Sandford (1997): pp. 62–63
- ^ Buckley (2000): pp. 89–90
- ^ a b Sandford (1997): p. 67
- ^ a b c Sandford (1997): pp. 73–74
- ^ Pegg (2000): pp. 260–65
- ^ Buckley (2005): pp. 95–99
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 80
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 85–86
- ^ a b Buckley (2005): pp. 135–36
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 93–95
- ^ Buckley (2000): p. 156
- ^ Pegg (2004): pp. 281–83
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 108
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 106–7
- ^ a b Carr & Murray (1981): p. 7
- ^ Carr & Murray (1981): p. 116
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 163
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 115
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 3
- ^ Buckley (2005): pp. 180–83
- ^ a b Buckley (2005): pp. 204–5
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 128
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 138
- ^ Carr & Murray (1981): pp. 68–74
- ^ Buckley, 2003, p.130.
- ^ a b Sandford (1997): p. 146
- ^ Roberts, David (ed.) (2001). Guinness World Records: British Hit Singles. Guinness World Records Ltd. p. 120. ISBN 0-85156-156-X.
- ^ a b Sandford (1997): pp. 135–36
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 137, 153
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 238
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 244
- ^ a b Sandford (1997): p. 158
- ^ Buckley (2000): pp. 289–91.
- ^ Paytress, Mark (January 2007). "The Controversial Homecoming". Mojo Classic (Mojo) (60 Years of Bowie): 64.
- ^ Carr & Murray (1981): p. 11.
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 252
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 154–55
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 149
- ^ Needs, Kris (January 2007). "The Passenger". Mojo Classic (Mojo) (60 Years of Bowie): 65.
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 166–68
- ^ Perone (2007): p. 175
- ^ Thomson (1993): p. xiii
- ^ Pegg (2000): pp. 90–92
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 181–82
- ^ Bronson, Fred (1990). The Billboard Book of Number 1 Hits. Billboard Books. p. 572. ISBN 0-8230-7677-6.
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 293
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 189
- ^ Carr & Murray (1981): pp. 102–7
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 281
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 191–92
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 197
- ^ Pegg (2000): p. 29
- ^ Carr & Murray (1981): pp. 108–14
- ^ a b Sandford (1997): pp. 205–7
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 208, 211–12
- ^ Buckley (2005): pp. 335–55
- ^ Buckley (2005): pp. 165–66
- ^ McNair, James (January 2007). "Tumble & Twirl". Mojo Classic (Mojo) (60 Years of Bowie): 101.
- ^ Fyfe, Andy (January 2007). "Too Dizzy". Mojo Classic (Mojo) (60 Years of Bowie): 88–91.
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 387
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 274
- ^ a b Sandford (1997): p. 275
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 273
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 394
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 278–79
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 278
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 280–86
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 289
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 292
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 294–95
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 298–99
- ^ Buckley (2005): pp. 413–14
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 301–8
- ^ Buckley (2000): pp. 494–95, 623
- ^ Buckley (2000): pp. 623–24
- ^ Buckley (2000): pp. 512–13
- ^ a b c "David Bowie: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Induction". rockhall.com. Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. http://rockhall.com/inductees/david-bowie. Retrieved 16 September 2010.
- ^ Buckley (2000): pp. 533–34
- ^ Thompson (2006): p. 203
- ^ Thompson (2006): pp. 203, 212
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 466
- ^ Perone (2007): p. 125
- ^ Buckley (2005): pp. 488–89
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 485
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 491
- ^ Buckley (2005): pp. 493–95
- ^ Buckley (2005): pp. 504–5
- ^ Buckley (2004): p. 16
- ^ Perone (2007): p. 142
- ^ Thompson (2006): pp. 291–92
- ^ "Space Is the Place: Innovative Brooklyn rockers blast off to the future". Spin (Spin Media LLC): 1. June 2006.
- ^ Lamb, Charles W.; Hair, Joseph F.; McDaniel, Carl (2007). Marketing. South-Western College Pub. p. 472. ISBN 978-0-324-36208-4.
- ^ Stone, Andrew (2008). Denmark. Lonely Planet. p. 46. ISBN 978-1-74104-669-4.
- ^ Thompson (2006): p. 293
- ^ Yuan, Jada (1 May 2006). "David Bowie Takes Time Off, Sneaks Into Movies". New York Magazine. http://nymag.com/news/intelligencer/16865/. Retrieved 16 September 2010.
- ^ Gulla, Bob (2008). Guitar Gods: The 25 Players Who Made Rock History. Greenwood. p. 95. ISBN 978-0-313-35806-7.
- ^ Mitchell, Gail (November 2009). "The Elements of Style". Billboard (Billboard.com): 22.
- ^ Gilmore, Mikal (2 February 2012), "How Ziggy Stardust Fell to Earth", Rolling Stone magazine (1149): 36–43,68
- ^ Schinder & Schwartz (2007): p. 500
- ^ Marchese, David (May 2008). "The Inquisition: Scarlett Johansson". Spin (Spin Media LLC): 40.
- ^ "David Bowie to release "Space Oddity" multi-tracks to celebrate moon landing". NME News. 6 July 2009. http://www.nme.com/news/david-bowie/45872. Retrieved 2 September 2010.
- ^ Diver, Mike (5 February 2010). "David Bowie A Reality Tour Review". bbc.co.uk. http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/5gwx. Retrieved 2 September 2010.
- ^ Perpetua, Matthew (22 March 2011). "Unreleased David Bowie LP 'Toy' Leaks Online". Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/unreleased-david-bowie-lp-toy-leaks-online-20110322. Retrieved 25 March 2011.
- ^ Michaels, Sean (23 March 2011). "David Bowie's unreleased album Toy leaks online". The Guardian (UK). http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2011/mar/23/david-bowie-toy-album-leak. Retrieved 25 March 2011.
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 526
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 2
- ^ Sandford (1997): p. 43
- ^ a b Buckley (2005): p. 49
- ^ Sandford (1997); p. 208
- ^ Pegg (2004) p. 561.
- ^ Sandford (1997): pp. 252–53
- ^ Thompson (2006): p. 195
- ^ "August". imdb.com. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0470679. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
- ^ "The Man Who Fell to Earth". imdb.com. http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0074851/fullcredits. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 140
- ^ "Interview: David Bowie". Playboy. September 1976. Archived from the original on 1 August 2010. http://web.archive.org/web/20100801045250/http://www.playboy.com/articles/david-bowie-interview/index.html?page=2. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
- ^ "David Bowie Calls Himself 'A Closet Heterosexual'". orlandosentinel.com (Orlando Sentinel). 30 May 1993. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1993-05-30/news/9305300344_1_david-bowie-mick-jagger-ziggy. Retrieved 13 May 2012.
- ^ Buckley (2000): p. 401
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 106
- ^ Collis, Clark (August 2002). "Dear Superstar: David Bowie". blender.com (Alpha Media Group Inc). http://www.blender.com/guide/articles.aspx?id=366. Retrieved 16 September 2010.
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 141
- ^ Buckley (2005): p. 147
- ^ a b Sandford (1997): p. 48
- ^ Perone (2007): p. 4
- ^ Perone (2007): pp. 22, 36–37
- ^ Perone (2007) p. 12
- ^ Thompson, Jo (2004). Find Your Voice: A Self-Help Manual for Singers. Artemis Editions. p. 76. ISBN 978-0-634-07435-6.
- ^ Schinder & Schwartz (2007): p. 483
- ^ Campbell (2008): p. 254
- ^ Thompson (2006): p. 346
- ^ Hopkins, Jerry (1985). Bowie. MacMillan. p. 239. ISBN 978-0-02-553730-9.
- ^ Perone (2007): pp. 17–44, 152–60
- ^ Buckley (2004): p. 48
- ^ a b Schinder & Schwartz (2007): p. 482
- ^ Campbell (2008) p. 304
- ^ Buckley (2004): p. 45
- ^ Thomson (1993): p. 217
- ^ Perone (2007): p. 183
- ^ Paytress, Mark (2003). Bolan: The Rise and Fall of a 20th Century Superstar. Omnibus Press. p. 218. ISBN 978-0-7119-9293-1.
- ^ Filicky, Brad (10 June 2002). "Reviews; David Bowie: Heathen". CMJ New Music Report (CMJ) 71 (766): 13.
- ^ Forget, Thomas (2002). David Bowie (Rock & Roll Hall of Famers). Rosen Publishing Group. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-8239-3523-9.
- ^ FIRST LOOK: The News in Brief, August 15, 2000. Ca.eonline.com (2000-08-15). Retrieved on 2012-05-09.
- ^ Iman. Fashion Model Directory. Retrieved on 2012-05-09.
- ^ Anthony DeCurtis (5 May 2005). In Other Words: Artists Talk About Life And Work. Hal Leonard Corporation. pp. 262–263. ISBN 978-0-634-06655-9. http://books.google.com/books?id=8Rr53q4VxuoC&pg=PA262. Retrieved 14 May 2012.
- ^ "Ivor Novello Awards". buckmusicgroup.com. Bucks Music Group. http://www.bucksmusicgroup.com/about/Ivor_Novello_Awards.html. Retrieved 16 September 2010.
- ^ "Past Award Winners". saturnawards.org. The Academy of Science Fiction Fantasy & Horror Films. http://www.saturnawards.org/past.html. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
- ^ "Grammy Award Winners". Grammy.com. National Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences, Inc. http://www.grammy.com/GRAMMY_Awards/Winners/Results.aspx?title=&winner=David%20Bowie&year=0&genreID=0&hp=1. Retrieved 16 September 2010. [dead link]
- ^ "Lifetime Achievement Award: Past Recipients". Grammy.com. National Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences, Inc. Archived from the original on 26 August 2010. http://web.archive.org/web/20100826002047/http://www2.grammy.com/Recording%5FAcademy/Awards/Lifetime%5FAwards/. Retrieved 16 September 2010.
- ^ "David Bowie". brits.co.uk. Brit Awards Ltd. http://www.brits.co.uk/artist/david-bowie. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
- ^ Lichfield, John (8 May 2009). "The Big Question: How does the French honours system work, and why has Kylie been decorated?". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/the-big-question-how-does-the-french-honours-system-work-and-why-has-kylie-been-decorated-822752.html. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
- ^ "ChChChChanges". berklee.edu. Berklee College of Music. http://www.berklee.edu/news/1999/grad99.html. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
- ^ Thompson, Jody (8 January 2007). "Sixty things about David Bowie". (No. 35): BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6230201.stm. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
- ^ Mohan, Dominic (12 September 2003). "Exclusive: Bowie refuses knighthood". The Sun. http://www.bowiewonderworld.com/press/00/030912thesun.htm. Retrieved 11 December 2010.
- ^ a b Todd, Ben (27 November 2009). "David Bowie asked to play at Glastonbury for third time to mark 40th anniversary". The Daily Mail. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-1231539/David-Bowie-asked-play-Glastonbury-time-mark-40th-anniversary.html. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
- ^ "Gold and Platinum: Search Results". riaa.com. Recording Industry Association of America. http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?resultpage=1&table=SEARCH_RESULTS&artist=David%20Bowie&sort=Artist&perPage=25. Retrieved 12 September 2010.
- ^ "Certified Awards Search". bpi.co.uk. British Phonographic Industry. http://www.bpi.co.uk/certifiedawards/search.aspx. Retrieved 12 September 2010.
- ^ "The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time". Rolling Stone. 15 April 2004. http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/5939214/the_immortals_the_first_fifty. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
- ^ "The 100 Greatest Singers of All Time". Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/6027/32782/33036. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
References[link]
- Buckley, David (2000) [First published 1999]. Strange Fascination — David Bowie: The Definitive Story. London: Virgin. ISBN 0-7535-0457-X.
- Buckley, David (2004). David Bowie: The Complete Guide To His Music. Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-1-84449-423-1.
- Buckley, David (2005) [First published 1999]. Strange Fascination — David Bowie: The Definitive Story. London: Virgin. ISBN 978-0-7535-1002-5.
- Buckley, Peter (2003). The rough guide to rock. Rough Guides. ISBN 1-84353-105-4.
- Campbell, Michael (2008). Popular Music in America: And The Beat Goes On. Schirmer. ISBN 978-0-495-50530-3.
- Carr, Roy; Murray, Charles Shaar (1981). Bowie: An Illustrated Record. New York: Avon. ISBN 0-380-77966-8.
- Cole, Shaun (2000). 'Don we now our gay apparel': gay men's dress in the twentieth century. London: Berg. ISBN 1-85973-415-4.
- Ditmore, Melissa Hope (2006). Encyclopedia of prostitution and sex work, Volume 2. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-313-32970-2.
- Pegg, Nicholas (2004) [First published 2000]. The Complete David Bowie. London: Reynolds & Hearn. ISBN 1-903111-73-0.
- Perone, James E. (2007). The Words and Music of David Bowie. Praeger. ISBN 978-0-275-99245-3.
- Sandford, Christopher (1997) [First published 1996]. Bowie: Loving the Alien. Time Warner. ISBN 0-306-80854-4.
- Schinder, Scott; Schwartz, Andy (2007). Icons of Rock: An Encyclopedia of the Legends Who Changed Music Forever. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-33845-8.
- Thomson, Elizabeth (1993). The Bowie Companion. Macmillan. ISBN 0-283-06262-2.
- Thompson, Dave (2006). Hallo Spaceboy: The Rebirth of David Bowie. Ecw Press. ISBN 978-1-55022-733-8.
Further reading[link]
- Trynka Paul, Starman: David Bowie – The Definitive Biography, Little, Brown Book Group Limited, 2011
- Cann, David, Any Day Now: David Bowie the London Years 1947–1974, Kenneth Pitt in Books, 2011
- Jacke, Andreas, David Bowie – Station To Station, Psychosozial- Verlag, 2011
- Seabrook, Thomas Jerome, Bowie in Berlin: A New Career in a New Town, Jawbone Press, 2008.
- Spitz, Marc, Bowie: A Biography, Crown Publishers, 2009.
- Tremlett, George, David Bowie: Living on the Brink, Carroll and Graf, 1997.
- Waldrep, Shelton, "Phenomenology of Performance", The Aesthetics of Self-Invention: Oscar Wilde to David Bowie, University of Minnesota Press, 2004.
- Welch, Chris, David Bowie: We Could Be Heroes: The Stories Behind Every David Bowie Song, Da Capo Press, 1999.
- Wilcken, Hugo, 33⅓: David Bowie's Low, Continuum, 2005.
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: David Bowie |
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Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: David Bowie |
- Official website
- Official Myspace page
- Official YouTube channel
- Documentary Film - David Bowie: Sound and Vision
- Bowieart – paintings, printmakings, etc.
- Works by or about David Bowie in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Bowie, David |
| Alternative names | David Robert Jones |
| Short description | English singer, songwriter, musician |
| Date of birth | 8 January 1947 |
| Place of birth | London, England, UK |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Bowie
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
 Hawk in November 2006 |
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| Full name | Anthony Frank Tony Hawk | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nickname(s) | The Birdman | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Born | (1968-05-12) May 12, 1968 (age 44) Carlsbad, California, United States |
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| Height | 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weight | 170 lb (77 kg) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Country |  United States |
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| Sport | Skateboarding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Medal record
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Anthony Frank "Tony" Hawk (born May 12, 1968), nicknamed "The Birdman" is an American professional skateboarder and actor. Hawk gained significant fame for completing the first 900 as well as his licensed video game titles distributed by Activision. He is widely considered one of the most successful and influential pioneers of modern vertical skateboarding.[1]
Raised in San Diego, California, Hawk was described as being "hyperactive" as a child. His parents supported his skateboarding because it served as an outlet for his excessive energy, and as Hawk's skills developed, he became a professional skateboarder at age fourteen. In 1999, he became the first skater to land a 900. In 2002, he created the Boom Boom HuckJam, an extreme sports exhibition and tour which launched in Las Vegas.
Throughout his career, Hawk has made numerous appearances in films and other media, as well as his own series of video games. He has also been involved in various philanthropic activities including his own Tony Hawk Foundation which helps build skateparks in underprivileged areas, and also including collaborations with other athletes in the charity Athletes for Hope.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Hawk was born in Carlsbad, California, to, Frank Peter Rupert Hawk. [2][3] When Hawk was young, he was described as being "hyperactive,"[3] and his mother says that he was "so hard on himself and expected himself to do so many things."[1] One time, Tony struck out in baseball and was so distraught that he hid in a ravine and had to be "physically coaxed out" by his father. His frustration with himself was so harsh that his parents had him psychologically evaluated at school. The results were that Tony was "gifted," and school advisors recommended placing him in advanced classes.[1]
Hawk attended Jean Farb Middle School from 1980 to 1981, and recently went back there for the show "Homecoming" where he set up a ramp and did a demonstration.
He turned pro by the age of 14[1] and was the National Skateboard Association world champion for 12 consecutive years.
The 900[link]
On July 27, 1999, Hawk was the first skater to land a 900. He successfully landed the trick, which involves completing two-and-a-half revolutions with the skateboard, on the eleventh attempt. After completing the trick, he commented, "This is the best day of my life."[4] Nearly 12 years later Hawk was still able to land his famous 900 and posted a video of the trick via his Twitter account stating "I'm 42 and I did a 900 today."[5]
Endorsements[link]
Boom Boom HuckJam[link]
In 1998, Tony Hawk started freestyle motocross, skateboarding, and BMX with a show in Las Vegas and then on to 31 cities around the USA and eventually to Six Flags amusement parks.[6]
Video Game Series[link]
Main article: Tony Hawk (series)
A video game series based on his skateboarding debuted in 1999. Since then, the series has spawned 16 titles, including main series titles, spin-offs, and repackages. The latest game of the series is the Tony Hawk: Ride, which involves riding on a skateboard-shaped controller.
Hawk's role in the series was usurped by customizable player characters in later installments,[7] but he has remained a prominent character. In the 2003 game Tony Hawk's Underground, he is a minor non-player character whom the player meets in Tampa, Florida and skates against. Impressed with the player's skills, Hawk grants them entry into a skate competition.[8] He later appears in Moscow to teach them the "360 Varial Heelflip Lien" move.[9] Hawk and other skaters are briefly playable near the end of the game when they skate in a promotional video for the player's skate team,[10] and in all gameplay modes except the story mode.[11] He appeared as a kid in the Backyard Sports series Backyard Skateboarding.
Amusement Park Ride[link]
A series of amusement park rides known as Tony Hawk's Big Spin were built in three Six Flags parks in 2007 and 2008. The ride was originally billed as the "total Tony Hawk experience" and was designed to have the look and feel of a giant red-and-black skatepark. It offered a full "extreme sports" experience, with monitors in the queue lines displaying highlights of the history of action sports and a large spinning Tony Hawk figure crowning the ride. The ride was later demolished to make way for a new ride known as Superman: Ultimate Flight (Six Flags Discovery Kingdom) announced to be open in Spring 2012. Additionally, a water park ride called Tony Hawk's Halfpipe was opened at Six Flags America in Bowie, MD.
Film and television appearances[link]
In 1986, Tony Hawk was a featured skateboarder and skater-double for Josh Brolin in the movie Thrashin'. In 1989, he appeared as a skateboarder in Gleaming the Cube. In 2002, he appeared in Neal H. Moritzs's and Christopher Gilcrest's film xXx playing the role of one of Xander Cages stuntman friends, and later in the movie, a skateboarder at a party. In 2004 he played himself in the Australian skateboarding movie Deck Dogz. In 2006, Tony Hawk appeared in a cameo on the film Drake & Josh Go Hollywood as himself; when Drake & Josh steal his car to escape from two crooks with the Geo (iPods) that carry illegal information for counterfeiting money. Tony Hawk also asks for the cops to give Drake & Josh a police escort to Sunset Studios, for a performance on TRL. Hawk has had a cameo in the movie, The New Guy. Hawk appeared in Jackass: The Movie with Mat Hoffman and Bam Margera, skateboarding in a fat suit and Jackass 2, while skateboarding through an obstacle course. Tony appears in the film following the 2006 Gumball Rally, 3000 Miles, again with Bam Margera. He also plays the police officer who arrests Ryan Dunn in the movie Haggard: The Movie. Hawk also made a brief cameo appearance in Lords Of Dogtown as an astronaut, where he is shown comically falling off the skateboard as he is a "rookie". He played himself in an episode of Rocket Power.
Hawk was featured as an extra in the "Weird Al" Yankovic video "Smells like Nirvana". He can be seen sitting in the bleachers during the crowd sweep near Dick Van Patten. He also made a cameo appearance in the Simple Plan music video for "I'm Just a Kid", he can be seen, in a crowd, watching kids at a high school skating..
On television, he has also appeared in Action (TV series), What I Like About You, The Suite Life of Zack & Cody, The Tom Green Show, The Naked Brothers Band and Zeke and Luther, So Random, and All That. Hawk was a guest on the kid's show on Nickelodeon, Yo Gabba Gabba.[12] In 2000, he played himself in Max Steel. He also guest voiced on The Simpsons episode "Barting Over", where he played himself, along with fellow San Diegans Blink-182. In the episode, Hawk lends Homer a new board from his brand where complete rookies are able to perform at the top levels. He ends up having a comical play off with him after Homer begins to show him up. On the PBS Kids show Cyberchase, he guest starred as Slider's long-lost father, Coop. In the CSI: Miami episode "Game Over" he played a game programmer who was murdered. In 2008, he played on Million Dollar Password. Hawk also played on Fox's Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader. Tony Hawk helped design the world famous Canvey Island skate park in 1982 and has hosted Cartoon Network's "Hall of Game" sports award show on February 25, 2011. Hawk was also on the Live-Action/Animated Talk Show Take Two With Phineas and Ferb. Hawk appeared on the internet cooking show Epic Meal Time on October 28, 2011 to celebrate the show's one year anniversary, where he can be seen in the final scene eating a deep-fried pizza cake. He also guest starred on the ABC comedy, Last Man Standing. He also played a skater in Police Academy 4: Citizens On Patrol.
Skate videos[link]
![[icon]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130103013708/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} |
This section requires expansion. |
- 1984: The Bones Brigade Video Show (Powell-Peralta)
- 1985: Future Primitive (Powell-Peralta)
- 1987: The Search for Animal Chin (Powell-Peralta)
- 1988: Public Domain (Powell-Peralta)
- 1989: Ban This (Powell-Peralta)
- 1992: Feasters (Birdhouse)
- 1992: Untitled (Birdhouse)
- 1993: Ravers (Birdhouse)
- 1998: The End (Birdhouse)
- 2001: One Step Beyond (Adio)
- 2007: The Beginning (Birdhouse)
Personal life[link]
Hawk married Cindy Dunbar in April 1990.[13] They had a son, Riley Hawk (born December 6, 1992) whom they named for one of Hawk's ancestors.[14] Riley also skates for Lakai Limited Footwear and Baker Skateboards.[15] The couple divorced in 1993.[3] Hawk married Erin Lee in 1996. They had two sons, Spencer (born March 26, 1999) and Keegan (born July 18, 2001). Lee and Hawk divorced in 2004.[3] Hawk married Lhotse Merriam on January 12, 2006, on the island of Tavarua, Fiji.[16] The couple's first child, a daughter named Kadence Clover Hawk, was born on June 30, 2008. The couple announced their divorce on February 7, 2011.[17]
Tony launched the Tony Hawk Foundation, which has given away more than $3.4 million to help build well over 400 skateparks around the U.S.A. The Foundation supports projects in low income areas and helps underprivileged kids. In 2007, Hawk, Andre Agassi, Muhammad Ali, Lance Armstrong, Warrick Dunn, Jeff Gordon, Mia Hamm, Andrea Jaeger, Jackie Joyner-Kersee, Mario Lemieux, Alonzo Mourning and Cal Ripken, Jr. founded the charity Athletes for Hope[18] which helps professional athletes get involved in charitable causes and aims to inspire all people to volunteer and support their communities.
References[link]
- ^ a b c d "Tony Hawk's Biography". TonyHawk.com. http://www.tonyhawk.com/bio.html. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
- ^ "Tony Noonga vert skater hawk Biography - Skateboarding to the rescue, A skateboard slump, Back in the game". Notablebiographies.com. http://www.notablebiographies.com/news/Ge-La/Hawk-Tony.html. Retrieved March 25, 2010.
- ^ a b c d "Tony Hawk Biography". Biography.com. http://www.biography.com/articles/Tony-Hawk-40989. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
- ^ "Tony Hawk lands the first 900 - X Games Five". Youtube.com. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4YYTNkAdDD8. Retrieved April 10, 2011.
- ^ "Tony Hawk 900 in Linkoping Sweden". Shredordie.com. http://www.shredordie.com/video/tony-hawk-900-in-linkoping. Retrieved May 19, 2011.
- ^ "What is Boom Boom HuckJam?". Boomboomhuckjam.com. http://www.boomboomhuckjam.com/bbhjhistory.html. Retrieved March 25, 1999.
- ^ "Into Neverland". 1UP.com. http://www.1up.com/do/feature?cId=3111718. Retrieved May 9, 2010.
- ^ "Walkthrough: Tampa". IGN. http://au.guides.ign.com/guides/545801/page_8.html. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
- ^ "Walkthrough: Moscow". IGN. http://au.guides.ign.com/guides/545801/page_13.html. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
- ^ "Walkthrough: Finish". IGN. http://au.guides.ign.com/guides/545801/page_14.html. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
- ^ Tony Hawk's Underground (Nintendo GameCube) instruction booklet, p. 15.
- ^ "Move". Yo Gabba Gabba. episode 9. season 1. September 24, 2007. Nickelodeon. Nick, Jr.. http://yogabbagabba.com/?setEntryID=281#/tony_hawk.
- ^ "Tony Hawk - Biography". IMDb. http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0005000/bio. Retrieved January 25, 2008.
- ^ "Shredordie.com, Free Lunch with Riley Hawk - Shred or Die". http://www.shredordie.com/videos/b686a1d702/free-lunch-with-riley-hawk.
- ^ "Tiny Hawk". Birdhouse Skateboards. http://www.bakerskateboards.com/02team/02the_ams/05am_riley_hawk.html. Retrieved March 25, 2010.
- ^ "Skateboarder Tony Hawk Weds". People.com. January 19, 2006. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,1150363,00.html. Retrieved March 25, 2010.
- ^ "Tony Hawk Files for Divorce". People.com. February 7, 2011. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20464356,00.html. Retrieved February 7, 2011.
- ^ "Athletes for Hope". http://www.athletesforhope.org. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Tony Hawk |
- Official website
- tonyhawkfoundation.org
- Tony's Birdhouse Skateboards website
- Tony Hawk at the Internet Movie Database
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Hawk, Tony |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | May 12, 1968 |
| Place of birth | San Diego, California, U.S. |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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Wiki Summary
Pressure (the symbol: p) is the force per unit area applied in a direction perpendicular to the surface of an object. Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure) is the pressure relative to the local atmospheric or ambient pressure.
Pressure is the effect of a force applied to a surface. Pressure is the amount of force acting per unit area. The symbol of pressure is p.
Mathematically:
where:
Pressure is a scalar quantity. It relates the vector surface element (a vector normal to the surface) with the normal force acting on it. The pressure is the scalar proportionality constant that relates the two normal vectors:
The minus sign comes from the fact that the force is considered towards the surface element, while the normal vector points outward.
It is incorrect (although rather usual) to say "the pressure is directed in such or such direction". The pressure, as a scalar, has no direction. It is the force given by the previous relationship to the quantity that has a direction, not the pressure. If we change the orientation of the surface element, the direction of the normal force changes accordingly, but the pressure remains the same.
