Coordinates | 44°25′57″N26°6′14″N |
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Official name | Fredericksburg, Virginia |
Settlement type | City |
Motto | America's Most Historic City |
Image seal | fredericksburgSEAL.png |
Seal size | 105px |
Image shield | fredericksburgCOA.png |
Shield size | 125px |
Map caption | Location in Virginia |
Image map1 | Map_of_USA_VA.svg |
Mapsize1 | 250px |
Map caption1 | Location of Virginia in the United States |
Coordinates region | US-VA |
Subdivision type | Country |
Subdivision type1 | State |
Subdivision name | United States |
Subdivision name1 | Virginia |
Leader title | Mayor |
Leader name | Thomas Tomzak |
Established title | Founded |
Established title2 | Incorporated |
Established date | 1728 |
Established date2 | 1781 |
Unit pref | US |
Area total sq mi | 10.5 |
Area total km2 | 27.2 |
Area land sq mi | 10.5 |
Area land km2 | 27.2 |
Area water sq mi | 0 |
Area water km2 | 0 |
Population as of | 2010 |
Population total | 24,286 |
Population density km2 | 852.7 |
Population density sq mi | 2208.9 |
Timezone | Eastern (EST) |
Utc offset | -5 |
Timezone dst | EDT |
Utc offset dst | -4 |
Elevation m | 18 |
Elevation ft | 59 |
Website | City of Fredericksburg, VA |
Blank name | FIPS code |
Blank info | 51-29744 |
Blank1 name | GNIS feature ID |
Blank1 info | 1494947 |
Footnotes |
Located near where the Rappahannock River crosses the Fall Line, Fredericksburg was a prominent port in Virginia during the colonial era. During the Civil War, the town, located halfway between the capitals of the opposing forces, was the site of the Battle of Fredericksburg and Second Battle of Fredericksburg, preserved in part as the Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park. Tourism is a major part of the economy, with approximately 1.5 million people visiting the Fredericksburg area annually, including the battlefield park, the downtown visitor center, events, museums and historic sites.
Fredericksburg is the commercial hub of a rapidly growing region in northern Central Virginia, and is the largest city between Richmond and the Metro Washington area. Major commercial centers include Central Park (as of 2004, the second-largest mall on the East Coast) and Spotsylvania Towne Centre, located in Spotsylvania County adjacent to the city line. Major employers include the University of Mary Washington and Mary Washington Hospital. Many Fredericksburg-area residents commute to work by car, bus, and rail to Richmond, Fairfax, Prince William County, and Arlington, as well as Washington, D.C. This has led to Fredericksburg becoming a part of Northern Virginia not only geographically, but also culturally.
As interest in the frontier grew, the colonial assembly responded by forming a new county named Spotsylvania (after the governor) in 1720 and establishing Fredericksburg in 1728 as a port for the county, of which it was then a part. Named for Frederick, Prince of Wales, son of King George II, the colonial town's streets bore the names of members of the royal family. The county court was moved to Fredericksburg in 1732, and the town served as county seat until 1780, when the courthouse was moved closer to the county center. Fredericksburg was incorporated as a town, with its own court, council, and mayor, in 1781. It received its charter as an independent city in 1879. The city adopted its present city manager/council form of government in 1911.
The city has close associations with George Washington, whose family moved to Ferry Farm in Stafford County just off the Rappahannock River opposite Fredericksburg in 1738. Washington's mother Mary later moved to the city, and his sister Betty lived at Kenmore, a plantation house then outside the city. Other significant early residents include the Revolutionary War generals Hugh Mercer and George Weedon, naval war hero John Paul Jones, and future U.S. president James Monroe. Thomas Jefferson wrote the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom in Fredericksburg.
The city's development and success was based on other significant residents, enslaved Africans with varied skills, who were critical to its growth. "Slaves worked on plantations, on the docks, in iron industries, mining and quarries, mercantile businesses, construction, domestic services, and others were skilled blacksmiths, coopers, cobblers, and draymen. African Americans were vital in the development of the area."
During the 19th century, Fredericksburg sought to maintain its sphere of trade but with limited success. It promoted the development of a canal on the Rappahannock and construction of a turnpike and plank road to bind the interior country to the market town. By 1837, a north-south railroad, which became the Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad, linked the town to Richmond, the state capital. A much-needed railroad joining the town to the farming region to the west was not finished until after the Civil War. During the Civil War, Fredericksburg gained strategic importance due to its location midway between Washington and Richmond, the opposing capitals of the Union and the Confederacy. During the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 11–15, 1862, the town sustained significant damage from bombardment and looting by the Union forces. A Second Battle of Fredericksburg was fought in and around the town on May 3, 1863, in connection with the Chancellorsville campaign (April 27, 1863 – May 6, 1863). The battles of the Wilderness and Spotsylvania Court House were fought nearby in May 1864.
After the war, Fredericksburg recovered its former position as a center of local trade and slowly grew beyond its prewar boundaries. The University of Mary Washington was founded there in 1908 as the State Normal and Industrial School for Women. Adopting the name of Mary Washington College in 1938, the college was for many years associated with the University of Virginia as a women's liberal arts college. The college became independent of UVA and began to accept men in 1970. Recently, the college changed names from Mary Washington College to the University of Mary Washington. A separate campus for graduate and professional studies is located in suburban Stafford County.
The power chord of modern guitar was first developed by Link Wray in Fredericksburg in 1958 during his first improvisation of the instrumental piece "Rumble", a single released by Wray & His Ray Men. The local music scene includes a wide variety of genres.
The city is bounded on the north and east by the Rappahannock River; across the river is Stafford County. The city is bounded on the south and west by Spotsylvania County.
There were 8,102 households out of which 21.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.8% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 51.6% were non-families. 39.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.09 and the average family size was 2.81.
In the city the population was spread out with 17.8% under the age of 18, 23.8% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 18.4% from 45 to 64, and 12.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females there were 81.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.4 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $34,585, and the median income for a family was $47,148. Males had a median income of $33,641 versus $25,037 for females. The per capita income for the city was $21,527. 15.5% of the population and 10.4% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 19.9% of those under the age of 18 and 8.8% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.
! Crime | ! Fredericksburg, Virginia (2006) | ! National Average |
Murder | 5.0 | 6.9 |
Rape | 71.6 | 32.2 |
Robbery | 138.5 | 195.4 |
Assault | 291.3 | 340.1 |
Burglary | 339.1 | 814.5 |
Automobile Theft | 358.2 | 526.5 |
{{infobox nrhp | name | Fredericksburg Historic District | nrhp_type hd | image Presbyterian church fredericksburg VA.jpg | caption | location Roughly bounded by Rappahannock River, Hazel Run, Prince Edward and Canal Sts., Fredericksburg, Virginia | added September 22, 1971 | area | governing_body | refnum 71001053 }} |
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Within the historic district, four 18th-century historic sites are run by Preservation Virginia: the Mary Washington House, where George Washington's mother spent her final years; the late 18th century Rising Sun Tavern and the Hugh Mercer Apothecary Shop (the fourth is only open on Historic Garden Week. Sites from the 19th century include the James Monroe Law Office Museum. Important public buildings include the 1852 courthouse designed by James Renwick, whose works include the Smithsonian Institution's castle building in Washington and St. Patrick's Cathedral in New York City, and the 1816 town hall and market house. The latter building now houses the Fredericksburg Area Museum and Cultural Center. Another site of interest is St. George's Church.
Nearby the historic district is Kenmore, the plantation home of Washington's sister Betty and her husband patriot Fielding Lewis.
The area's Civil War battles are commemorated in Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park. Formed by an act of Congress in 1927, the national military park preserves portions of the battlefields of Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, the Wilderness, and Spotsylvania Court House. The Fredericksburg National Cemetery, also part of the park, is located on Marye's Heights on the Fredericksburg battlefield and contains more than 15,000 Union burials from the area's battlefields.
Notable 20th-century sites and structures include the campus of the University of Mary Washington (begun in 1911), and Carl's Ice Cream, an Art Moderne roadside ice cream stand on the National Register of Historic Places on Route 1.
Nearby points of interest include Ferry Farm historic site in Stafford County where Washington spent his boyhood immediately across the river from Fredericksburg, and the George Washington Birthplace National Monument, located 38 miles to the east in Westmoreland County. The historic community of Falmouth lies across the Rappahannock to the north and includes the historic house Belmont, home of American Impressionist artist Gari Melchers.
Fredericksburg and the nearby region have several radio stations, including (on the FM dial) WWED (89.5, Christian), WJYJ (90.5, Christian), WFLS (93.3, country), WGRQ (95.9, "SuperHits", licensed to nearby Fairview Beach), WWUZ (96.9, classic rock, licensed to nearby Bowling Green), WVBX (99.3, "The Vibe", rhythmic contemporary, licensed to nearby Spotsylvania), WBQB ("B-101.5", adult contemporary) and WGRX ("Thunder 104.5", country, licensed to nearby Falmouth). Fredericksburg AM stations include WFVA (1230, nostalgia) and WNTX (1350, talk, news, and sports). WGRQ and WGRX are owned locally by Telemedia Broadcasting. WFLS, WWUZ, WVBX, and WYSK are owned by the Free Lance–Star Company.
In 2001, the Arbitron media service began listing the Fredericksburg area as a nationally rated radio market. As of the fall of 2005, the area ranked 154th out of 297 markets surveyed, with a total market population of more than 280,000. Large broadcast companies like Clear Channel Communications and Cumulus Broadcasting are not active in the local market; almost all of its stations remain locally or regionally owned.
Most of Fredericksburg's traffic flow is to or from the north (Washington D.C. metropolitan area) during peak commuting hours, primarily via Interstate 95 and US-1. The US-1 bridge over the Rappahannock River is often a traffic bottleneck, and Route 3 has become increasingly jammed as residential development has grown west.
As an alternative to I-95, commuters also use the Virginia Railway Express rail service to Washington. Long-distance rail service is available on Amtrak, which serves Fredericksburg via the Northeast Regional and Carolinian/Piedmont routes. FRED is a recently started bus service in Fredericksburg which serves most area communities, retail shopping centers, two VRE stations, and downtown Fredericksburg.
Category:Cities in Virginia Category:Washington metropolitan area Category:Populated places established in 1728
ca:Fredericksburg (Virgínia) da:Fredericksburg de:Fredericksburg (Virginia) es:Fredericksburg (Virginia) fr:Fredericksburg (Virginie) ko:프레더릭스버그 (버지니아 주) ka:ფრედერიკსბურგი (ვირჯინია) ht:Fredericksburg, Vijini nl:Fredericksburg (Virginia) ja:フレデリックスバーグ (バージニア州) nds:Fredericksburg (Virginia) pl:Fredericksburg (Wirginia) pt:Fredericksburg (Virgínia) ru:Фредериксберг (Виргиния) simple:Fredericksburg, Virginia fi:Fredericksburg (Virginia) vi:Fredericksburg, Virginia vo:Fredericksburg (Virginia) zh:弗雷德里克斯堡 (弗吉尼亚州)This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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