- published: 27 Nov 2012
- views: 139
- author: etv2idisangathi
9:24
Etv2 Idi Sangathi 26th November 2012 Part 1
The Kakatiya dynasty was a Telugu dynasty that ruled most of current day Andhra Pradesh, I...
published: 27 Nov 2012
author: etv2idisangathi
Etv2 Idi Sangathi 26th November 2012 Part 1
The Kakatiya dynasty was a Telugu dynasty that ruled most of current day Andhra Pradesh, India from 1083 CE to 1323 CE, with Orugallu, now Warangal, as its capital. Orugallu is also called 'Eka Sila Nagaram'. Shaivite Hindu in nature, it was one of the great Telugu states that lasted for centuries until conquest by the Delhi Sultanate. Gundaya (950 CE) was the first known historical figure among the Kakatiyas. He sacrificed his life in the service of the Rashtrakuta ruler Krishna II while fighting against the Eastern Chalukyas. The grateful Krishna II placed Gundaya's son Eriya in charge of Kurravadi near Warangal. This kingdom was created as a check on the Mudigonda Chalukyas on the eastern borders of the Rashtrakuta Empire. Eriya made Kakatipura his capital. Eriya's grandson Kakartya Gundyana rendered help on behalf of his master Krishna III to Danarnava in setting aside his brother Amma II and occupying the throne of Vengi, as a result of which he got Natavadi as a token of gratitude. Gundyana's son and successor Betaraja I took advantage of the Chalukya-Chola conflict and carved out for himself a small principality. His son and successor Prola I obtained by way of grant, Hanamkonda from Somesvara I. Beta II, son and successor of Prola, ruled between 1076 CE and 1108 CE. During his period, orugallu became the capital of the Kakatiyas. Prola II the younger brother of Beta II was the most famous among the early Kakatiya rulers. When the Chalukyan power began to decline ...
- published: 27 Nov 2012
- views: 139
- author: etv2idisangathi
5:11
Etv2 Idi Sangathi 26th November 2012 Part 2
The Kakatiya dynasty was a Telugu dynasty that ruled most of current day Andhra Pradesh, I...
published: 27 Nov 2012
author: etv2idisangathi
Etv2 Idi Sangathi 26th November 2012 Part 2
The Kakatiya dynasty was a Telugu dynasty that ruled most of current day Andhra Pradesh, India from 1083 CE to 1323 CE, with Orugallu, now Warangal, as its capital. Orugallu is also called 'Eka Sila Nagaram'. Shaivite Hindu in nature, it was one of the great Telugu states that lasted for centuries until conquest by the Delhi Sultanate. Gundaya (950 CE) was the first known historical figure among the Kakatiyas. He sacrificed his life in the service of the Rashtrakuta ruler Krishna II while fighting against the Eastern Chalukyas. The grateful Krishna II placed Gundaya's son Eriya in charge of Kurravadi near Warangal. This kingdom was created as a check on the Mudigonda Chalukyas on the eastern borders of the Rashtrakuta Empire. Eriya made Kakatipura his capital. Eriya's grandson Kakartya Gundyana rendered help on behalf of his master Krishna III to Danarnava in setting aside his brother Amma II and occupying the throne of Vengi, as a result of which he got Natavadi as a token of gratitude. Gundyana's son and successor Betaraja I took advantage of the Chalukya-Chola conflict and carved out for himself a small principality. His son and successor Prola I obtained by way of grant, Hanamkonda from Somesvara I. Beta II, son and successor of Prola, ruled between 1076 CE and 1108 CE. During his period, orugallu became the capital of the Kakatiyas. Prola II the younger brother of Beta II was the most famous among the early Kakatiya rulers. When the Chalukyan power began to decline ...
- published: 27 Nov 2012
- views: 79
- author: etv2idisangathi
7:06
Etv2 Idi Sangathi 26th November 2012 Part 3
The Kakatiya dynasty was a Telugu dynasty that ruled most of current day Andhra Pradesh, I...
published: 27 Nov 2012
author: etv2idisangathi
Etv2 Idi Sangathi 26th November 2012 Part 3
The Kakatiya dynasty was a Telugu dynasty that ruled most of current day Andhra Pradesh, India from 1083 CE to 1323 CE, with Orugallu, now Warangal, as its capital. Orugallu is also called 'Eka Sila Nagaram'. Shaivite Hindu in nature, it was one of the great Telugu states that lasted for centuries until conquest by the Delhi Sultanate. Gundaya (950 CE) was the first known historical figure among the Kakatiyas. He sacrificed his life in the service of the Rashtrakuta ruler Krishna II while fighting against the Eastern Chalukyas. The grateful Krishna II placed Gundaya's son Eriya in charge of Kurravadi near Warangal. This kingdom was created as a check on the Mudigonda Chalukyas on the eastern borders of the Rashtrakuta Empire. Eriya made Kakatipura his capital. Eriya's grandson Kakartya Gundyana rendered help on behalf of his master Krishna III to Danarnava in setting aside his brother Amma II and occupying the throne of Vengi, as a result of which he got Natavadi as a token of gratitude. Gundyana's son and successor Betaraja I took advantage of the Chalukya-Chola conflict and carved out for himself a small principality. His son and successor Prola I obtained by way of grant, Hanamkonda from Somesvara I. Beta II, son and successor of Prola, ruled between 1076 CE and 1108 CE. During his period, orugallu became the capital of the Kakatiyas. Prola II the younger brother of Beta II was the most famous among the early Kakatiya rulers. When the Chalukyan power began to decline ...
- published: 27 Nov 2012
- views: 52
- author: etv2idisangathi
1:13
Etv2 Idi Sangathi 26th November 2012 Part 4
The Kakatiya dynasty was a Telugu dynasty that ruled most of current day Andhra Pradesh, I...
published: 27 Nov 2012
author: etv2idisangathi
Etv2 Idi Sangathi 26th November 2012 Part 4
The Kakatiya dynasty was a Telugu dynasty that ruled most of current day Andhra Pradesh, India from 1083 CE to 1323 CE, with Orugallu, now Warangal, as its capital. Orugallu is also called 'Eka Sila Nagaram'. Shaivite Hindu in nature, it was one of the great Telugu states that lasted for centuries until conquest by the Delhi Sultanate. Gundaya (950 CE) was the first known historical figure among the Kakatiyas. He sacrificed his life in the service of the Rashtrakuta ruler Krishna II while fighting against the Eastern Chalukyas. The grateful Krishna II placed Gundaya's son Eriya in charge of Kurravadi near Warangal. This kingdom was created as a check on the Mudigonda Chalukyas on the eastern borders of the Rashtrakuta Empire. Eriya made Kakatipura his capital. Eriya's grandson Kakartya Gundyana rendered help on behalf of his master Krishna III to Danarnava in setting aside his brother Amma II and occupying the throne of Vengi, as a result of which he got Natavadi as a token of gratitude. Gundyana's son and successor Betaraja I took advantage of the Chalukya-Chola conflict and carved out for himself a small principality. His son and successor Prola I obtained by way of grant, Hanamkonda from Somesvara I. Beta II, son and successor of Prola, ruled between 1076 CE and 1108 CE. During his period, orugallu became the capital of the Kakatiyas. Prola II the younger brother of Beta II was the most famous among the early Kakatiya rulers. When the Chalukyan power began to decline ...
- published: 27 Nov 2012
- views: 50
- author: etv2idisangathi
3:00
Incredible India-Kerala-Your Moment is Waiting
Kerala (Malayalam: കേരളം, pronounced [Kēraḷam] is a state in India. It is located on the s...
published: 23 Sep 2010
author: anu123km
Incredible India-Kerala-Your Moment is Waiting
Kerala (Malayalam: കേരളം, pronounced [Kēraḷam] is a state in India. It is located on the south-western region of the country. It was created on November 1956, with the passing of the States Reorganisation Act bringing together the areas where Malayalam was the dominant language. The state has an area of 38863 km and is bordered by Karnataka to the north, Tamil Nadu to the south and the east and the Lakshadweep Sea towards the west. Thiruvananthapuram is the capital and largest city of Kerala. Kochi and Kozhikode are the other major cities. Kerala is also known for its many small towns that are scattered across the state. From as early as 3000 BC, Kerala had established itself as the major spice trade centre of the world. A 3rd-century-BC rock inscription by emperor Asoka the Great attests to a Keralaputra. Around 1 BC the region was ruled by the Chera Dynasty, which traded with the Greeks, Romans and Arabs. The Tamil Chera dynasty, Ays and the Pandyan Empire were the traditional rulers of Kerala whose patriarchal dynasties ruled until the 14th century. The Cheras collapsed after repeated attacks from the neighboring Chola and Rashtrakuta kingdoms. Feudal Namboothiri Brahmin and Nair city-states subsequently gained control of the region. Contact with Europeans after the arrival of Vasco Da Gama in 1498 gave way to struggles between colonial and native interests. By early 16th century, the Portuguese established their domination. They were defeated by the Dutch in 1663 ...
- published: 23 Sep 2010
- views: 9326
- author: anu123km
15:02
1. Holiday in Goa : My Trip to Calangute, Baga, Anjuna via New Delhi.
Goa's known history stretches back to the 3rd century BC, when it formed part of the Maury...
published: 15 Jan 2011
author: thakursn
1. Holiday in Goa : My Trip to Calangute, Baga, Anjuna via New Delhi.
Goa's known history stretches back to the 3rd century BC, when it formed part of the Mauryan Empire, ruled by the Buddhist emperor, Ashoka of Magadha. Buddhist monks laid the foundation of Buddhism in Goa. Between the 2nd century BCE and the 6th century CE, Goa was ruled by the Chutus of Karwar as feudatories of the Satavahanas of Kolhapur (2nd century BCE to the 2nd century CE), Western Kshatrapas (around 150 CE), the Abhiras of Western Maharashtra, Bhojas of the Yadav clans of Gujarat, and the Konkan Mauryas as feudatories of the Kalachuris.[9] The rule later passed on to the Chalukyas of Badami, who controlled it between 578 to 753, and later the Rashtrakutas of Malkhed from 753 to 963. However from 765 to 1015, the Southern Silharas of Konkan ruled Goa as the feudatories of the Chalukyas and the Rashtrakutas. Over the next few centuries, Goa was successively ruled by the Kadambas as the feudatories of the Chalukyas of Kalyani. They patronised Jainism in Goa. In 1312, Goa came under the governance of the Delhi Sultanate. However, the kingdom's grip on the region was weak, and by 1370 they were forced to surrender it to Harihara I of the Vijayanagara empire. The Vijayanagara monarchs held on to the territory until 1469, when it was appropriated by the Bahmani sultans of Gulbarga. After that dynasty crumbled, the area fell to the hands of the Adil Shahis of Bijapur who established as their auxiliary capital the city known under the Portuguese as Velha Goa. In 1510, the ...
- published: 15 Jan 2011
- views: 832
- author: thakursn
1:02
Incredible India-Kerala colours
Kerala (Malayalam: കേരളം, pronounced [Kēraḷam] is a state in India. It is located on the s...
published: 23 Sep 2010
author: anu123km
Incredible India-Kerala colours
Kerala (Malayalam: കേരളം, pronounced [Kēraḷam] is a state in India. It is located on the south-western region of the country. It was created on November 1956, with the passing of the States Reorganisation Act bringing together the areas where Malayalam was the dominant language. The state has an area of 38863 km and is bordered by Karnataka to the north, Tamil Nadu to the south and the east and the Lakshadweep Sea towards the west. Thiruvananthapuram is the capital and largest city of Kerala. Kochi and Kozhikode are the other major cities. Kerala is also known for its many small towns that are scattered across the state. From as early as 3000 BC, Kerala had established itself as the major spice trade centre of the world. A 3rd-century-BC rock inscription by emperor Asoka the Great attests to a Keralaputra. Around 1 BC the region was ruled by the Chera Dynasty, which traded with the Greeks, Romans and Arabs. The Tamil Chera dynasty, Ays and the Pandyan Empire were the traditional rulers of Kerala whose patriarchal dynasties ruled until the 14th century. The Cheras collapsed after repeated attacks from the neighboring Chola and Rashtrakuta kingdoms. Feudal Namboothiri Brahmin and Nair city-states subsequently gained control of the region. Contact with Europeans after the arrival of Vasco Da Gama in 1498 gave way to struggles between colonial and native interests. By early 16th century, the Portuguese established their domination. They were defeated by the Dutch in 1663 ...
- published: 23 Sep 2010
- views: 4880
- author: anu123km
1:13
Incredible India-Kerala-Water Colours by Gods
Kerala (Malayalam: കേരളം, pronounced [Kēraḷam] is a state in India. It is located on the s...
published: 20 Oct 2010
author: anu123km
Incredible India-Kerala-Water Colours by Gods
Kerala (Malayalam: കേരളം, pronounced [Kēraḷam] is a state in India. It is located on the south-western region of the country. It was created on November 1956, with the passing of the States Reorganisation Act bringing together the areas where Malayalam was the dominant language. The state has an area of 38863 km and is bordered by Karnataka to the north, Tamil Nadu to the south and the east and the Lakshadweep Sea towards the west. Thiruvananthapuram is the capital and largest city of Kerala. Kochi and Kozhikode are the other major cities. Kerala is also known for its many small towns that are scattered across the state. From as early as 3000 BC, Kerala had established itself as the major spice trade centre of the world. A 3rd-century-BC rock inscription by emperor Asoka the Great attests to a Keralaputra. Around 1 BC the region was ruled by the Chera Dynasty, which traded with the Greeks, Romans and Arabs. The Tamil Chera dynasty, Ays and the Pandyan Empire were the traditional rulers of Kerala whose patriarchal dynasties ruled until the 14th century. The Cheras collapsed after repeated attacks from the neighboring Chola and Rashtrakuta kingdoms. Feudal Namboothiri Brahmin and Nair city-states subsequently gained control of the region. Contact with Europeans after the arrival of Vasco Da Gama in 1498 gave way to struggles between colonial and native interests. By early 16th century, the Portuguese established their domination. They were defeated by the Dutch in 1663 ...
- published: 20 Oct 2010
- views: 2658
- author: anu123km
14:13
Babri Masjid -- Mosque Demolition: Rare Video on the Background of the Dispute
The Babri Masjid, named after the founder of the Mughal Empire, Babur, was demolished by a...
published: 29 Sep 2010
author: MughalistanSipahi
Babri Masjid -- Mosque Demolition: Rare Video on the Background of the Dispute
The Babri Masjid, named after the founder of the Mughal Empire, Babur, was demolished by a mob of 150000 Hindutva fascist in 1992. Thousands of people, mainly Muslims were killed following the demolition. This is an interesting and rare video recorded in 1991, a year before the demolition, it digs into the background of the dispute and its origins. For more: Documentary, 20 mins: www.ndtv.com Liberhan Report: BJP's Nightmare, 97 mins. www.ndtv.com Academic Articles on Hindu King's Destroying Each Others Temples and the Muslim response: Part I: www.hinduonnet.com (A Must Read). Part II: www.hinduonnet.com (A Must Read). Hindu Temples Destroyed by Hindu Rulers: 1089-1101 AD: King Harsha of Kashmir of the first Lohara dynasty indulged in ruthlessly looting the treasures of the temples of Bhimasai and also systematically confiscated and defiled the metallic statues of Gods by outcasts throughout the Kashmir valley in order to obtain the valuable material. He even imposed tax on the night soil. (Ref. Kalhana, Rajataran-gini, Vol. 1, sec. 5, Motilal Banarsidas, page 113) 642 AD: Pallava king Narasimhavarman I looted the image of Ganesha from the Chalukyan capital of Vatapi (present day Badami in Belgaum dist.) 692 AD: Chalukyas invaded North India and brought back to the Deccan what would appear to be images of Ganga and Yamuna looted from defeated powers. 8th century AD: Bengali troops sought revenge on King Lalithaditya's kingdom in Kashmir by destroying what they thought was ...
- published: 29 Sep 2010
- views: 404533
- author: MughalistanSipahi
14:58
Kondaveedu 15MinDocumentary_Golden Age of Telugu Kingdom
Kondaveedu represents historical significance of Kondaveedu kingdom. Best Tourism place in...
published: 11 Jun 2011
author: TheReddy789
Kondaveedu 15MinDocumentary_Golden Age of Telugu Kingdom
Kondaveedu represents historical significance of Kondaveedu kingdom. Best Tourism place in Andra Pradesh. Kondaveedu is in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh. Kondaveedu was the capital of Reddy kingdom in 14th and 15th centuries AD Srinadha, Errapragada were the court poets of Kondaveedu reddy kings. Errana was the kavitrayam of telugu poets. Prolaya Vema Reddy founded the Kondaveedu Kingdon. Of the reddy kings Ana Vema Reddy was the greatest King of Kondaveedu Dynasty of reddy kings. Yogi Vemana was the son of the reddy king Pedda Komati Vema Reddy. Ana Vema Reddy constructed the Srisailam patalaganaga steps, Veerasiro Mandapam in Srisailam temple, Steps to ahobalam (ahobilam), Reddy rulers reconstructed amaravathi temple, occupied Tirumala (Tirupati) for some time, donated several gifts to Simhachalam temple. A committee was formed in the year 2005 Dec which is known as Kondaveedu Fort Development Committee, this committee is striving hard to bring funds from the government of Andhra Pradesh (India) to develop the ruined fort and historical places in Kondaveedu. Reddy kings followed kakatiya kings, kakatiya dynasty , reddy kings are contemporarys of vizayanagara rulers, vizayanagara empire, Hampi , Velama rulers. Kamma caste commanders , velama caste, muslim, Balija commanders worked under reddy rulers. Reddy commanders constructed Ramappa temple. Kondaveedu court poet Srinatha (Sreenatha) Kavi visited devaraya II of Hampi ISKCON Plans to build golden temple at ...
- published: 11 Jun 2011
- views: 5500
- author: TheReddy789
8:45
Ellora Caves-Bibi ka maqbara Aurangabad- "Discover India with Ashish Negi"
Aurangabad (Marathi: औरंगाबाद), Urdu: اورنگآباد, is a city in the Aurangabad district of M...
published: 24 Dec 2011
author: ASHISH NEGI
Ellora Caves-Bibi ka maqbara Aurangabad- "Discover India with Ashish Negi"
Aurangabad (Marathi: औरंगाबाद), Urdu: اورنگآباد, is a city in the Aurangabad district of Maharashtra, India. Aurangabad (meaning "Built by the Throne") is named after the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. The city is a tourist hub, surrounded with many historical monuments, including the Ajanta Caves and Ellora Caves, which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, as well as Bibi Ka Maqbara. This video is part of my travel series, Discover India with Ashish Negi, and covers Ellora caves & Bibi ka Maqbara. Ellora (Marathi: वेरूळ Vērūḷa) is an archaeological site, 30 km (19 mi) from the city of Aurangabad in the Indian state of Maharashtra built by the Rashtrakuta dynasty (Kannada: ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರಕೂಟ). Well-known for its monumental caves, Ellora is a World Heritage Site. Ellora represents the epitome of Indian rock-cut architecture. The 34 "caves" -- actually structures excavated out of the vertical face of the Charanandri hills. Buddhist, Hindu and Jain rock-cut temples and viharas and mathas were built between the 5th century and 10th century. The 12 Buddhist (caves 1--12), 17 Hindu (caves 13--29) and 5 Jain (caves 30--34) caves, built in proximity, demonstrate the religious harmony prevalent during this period of Indian history In my next upload I will be covering Ajanta caves. Happy travelling Ashish
- published: 24 Dec 2011
- views: 4278
- author: ASHISH NEGI
14:35
Kondaveedu Fort Latest Documentary
Kondaveedu Fort, KondaveeduKattulabavi, gopinadha temple, ghee store, ashwasala, stables, ...
published: 03 Jul 2012
author: TheReddy789
Kondaveedu Fort Latest Documentary
Kondaveedu Fort, KondaveeduKattulabavi, gopinadha temple, ghee store, ashwasala, stables, vennamudha balakrishna, vennamudha gopalakrishna, chenghiskhanpeta, ISKCON Kondaveedu, Yerrapragada, Errapragada, Nannaya Tikkana, Prolaya Vema Reddy, ISKCON Golden Temple Kondaveedu represents historical significance of Kondaveedu kingdom. Best Tourism place in Andra Pradesh. Kondaveedu is in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh. Kondaveedu was the capital of Reddy kingdom in 14th and 15th centuries AD Srinadha, Errapragada were the court poets of Kondaveedu reddy kings. Errana was the kavitrayam of telugu poets. Prolaya Vema Reddy founded the Kondaveedu Kingdon. Of the reddy kings Ana Vema Reddy was the greatest King of Kondaveedu Dynasty of reddy kings. Yogi Vemana was the son of the reddy king Pedda Komati Vema Reddy. Ana Vema Reddy constructed the Srisailam patalaganaga steps, Veerasiro Mandapam in Srisailam temple, Steps to ahobalam (ahobilam), Reddy rulers reconstructed amaravathi temple, occupied Tirumala (Tirupati) for some time, donated several gifts to Simhachalam temple. A committee was formed in the year 2005 Dec which is known as Kondaveedu Fort Development Committee, this committee is striving hard to bring funds from the government of Andhra Pradesh (India) to develop the ruined fort and historical places in Kondaveedu. Reddy kings followed kakatiya kings, kakatiya dynasty , reddy kings are contemporarys of vizayanagara rulers, vizayanagara empire, Hampi , Velama rulers ...
- published: 03 Jul 2012
- views: 671
- author: TheReddy789
2:54
Elephanta Caves Mumbai HD.wmv
The Elephanta Caves (180 56' 20" N; 720 55' 50" E), taluka Uran, district Raigad is locate...
published: 22 Aug 2011
author: Puneet Vikram Singh
Elephanta Caves Mumbai HD.wmv
The Elephanta Caves (180 56' 20" N; 720 55' 50" E), taluka Uran, district Raigad is located on island hills about 11 km north-east of the Apollo Bandar, Mumbai and 7 km from the shore of the mainland, approximately covering an area of 7 km in circumference. The island is named after a colossal elephant found in the island, which is popularly known as 'Gharapuri'. At present, the statue of elephant is housed at Jijamata Garden in Mumbai. In ancient period, the place is variously identified as Puri which is mentioned in the Aihole inscription of Pulakesin II. It seems, different dynasties held their sway over this island, namely, the Konkan-Mauryas, Trikutakas, Chalukyas of Badami, Silaharas, Rashtrakutas, Kalyani Chalukyas, Yadavas of Deogiri, Muslim rulers of Ahmedabad and then by the Portuguese. The Marathas also had this island under their control and from them it passed into the control of the British. There are seven cave excavations in the Elephanta group and these are datable from circa 6th -- 7th centuries AD Among the cave excavations, the Cave 1 is the most impressive which represents the evolved Brahmanical rock-cut architecture. The cave is also famous for the exquisite and vibrant sculptures. On plan it almost resembles the Dumar Lena (Cave 29) of Ellora. The cave has a main entrance on the north with two other openings on the east and west respectively and a central hall with six rows of pillared columns, six in each row except on the western corner, where a ...
- published: 22 Aug 2011
- views: 678
- author: Puneet Vikram Singh
1:02
Jogimatti Hill Station, Chitradurga
JOGIMATTI: which is one of the highest points in Chitradurga .Located at a distance of 10 ...
published: 28 Jun 2010
author: Avinash G V
Jogimatti Hill Station, Chitradurga
JOGIMATTI: which is one of the highest points in Chitradurga .Located at a distance of 10 km South of Chitradurga. This hill station is 1323 m from the sea level. Jogimatti,this hill resort was named after a Jogi (Saint) who was well known for his social service. Himavatkedra, a waterfall that flows through the rocks, has created a natural cave that has a Shiva Linga and idols of Veerabhadra and Basavanna. which is considered a hill station for the local people, Most of the peoples from local and from karnataka are organising summer camps. Many foriegn tourist also trekking here. Jogimatti is the beautiful hill station in chitradurga and this is the mostly covered by the rocky hill with green, and wind power plant also attracting people.Many kinds of animal in Jogimatti Reserve Forest, jogimatti covered rich natural diversity, such as a water, animals, forests etc. CHITRADURGA: Chitradurga gets its name from Chitrakaldurga, an umbrella-shaped lofty hill found here. Chitradurga is located in the heart of the Deccan Plateau. Chitradurga is recognized as the land of courage and chivalry. Tradition dates the Chitradurga district to the period of the Ramayana and Mahabharatha. Chitradurga lies in the valley of the Vedavati River, with the Tungabhadra River flowing in the northwest. Chitradurga was under the rule of great dynasties like the Rashtrakutas, Chalukyas and Hoysalas, Vijayanagar and later Hyder Ali. But it experienced a historical importance under the dynastic rule ...
- published: 28 Jun 2010
- views: 630
- author: Avinash G V
