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West Darfur
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Abdoulaye Wade
Abdoulaye Wade (born May 29, 1926) is the third and current President of Senegal, in office since 2000. He is also the Secretary-General of the Senegalese Democratic Party (PDS) and has led the party since it was founded in 1974. A long-time opposition leader, he ran for President four times, beginning in 1978, before he was elected in 2000.
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Alan Kyeremanten
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Albert Adu Boahen
Albert Kwadwo Adu Boahen (May 24, 1932 – May 24, 2006) was a Ghanaian academic, historian, and politician. He was an academic at the University of Ghana from 1959 to 1990, since 1971 as a professor. As a politician, he notably was a candidate in the 1992, representing the then main opposition New Patriotic Party.
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Albert Kan-Dapaah
Albert Kan-Dapaah (born 14 March, 1953) is a chartered accountant, politician, member of parliament and a former minister of state in Ghana.
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Aliu Mahama
Alhaji Aliu Mahama (born 3 March 1946) was Vice-President of Ghana from 7 January 2001 to 7 January 2009. He sought the New Patriotic Party's nomination for the 2008 presidential election, but at the party's convention in December 2007 he received only 6.38% of delegates' votes (146 votes). After this unexpectedly poor result he announced that he would leave politics.
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Ashanti
Ashanti, or Asante, are a major ethnic group of Ashanti Region in Ghana. They are an Akan people who speak Asante, an Akan dialect similar to Fante.
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George W. Bush
George Walker Bush (; born July 6, 1946, in New Haven, Connecticut) was the 43rd President of the United States, serving from 2001 to 2009, and the 46th Governor of Texas, serving from 1995 to 2000.
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Gladys Asmah
Gladys Asmah (born 16 October 1939 in Cape Coast, Central Region) is a Ghanaian politician. She is a former Minister of Fisheries as well as a member of parliament from Takoradi.
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Hawa Yakubu
Hawa Yakubu Ogede (24 March 1948 – 19 March 2007) was a Ghanaian politician. She was a Member of Parliament in the Fourth Republic of Ghana and was also a Minister for Tourism.
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Jakaya Kikwete
Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete (born October 7, 1950) is a Tanzanian politician, the fourth and current President of the United Republic of Tanzania. Kikwete was born in Msoga, Bagamoyo District, Tanganyika in present day Tanzania. Kikwete was also the Chairperson of the African Union from 31 January 2008 to 2 February 2009.
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Jerry Rawlings
Jerry John Rawlings (born Jeremiah Rawlings John 22 June 1947 in Accra, Gold Coast) ruled Ghana as a military dictator 1981-1992 and then as the first elected president of the Fourth Republic, 1992-2001. He initially took power in a coup d'état, but in the 1990s began a process of political liberalization. He founded the National Democratic Congress which won the 1992 general election. He took office in 1993, and was re-elected in 1997.
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Kwadwo Baah Wiredu
Kwadwo Baah Wiredu (1952 – September 24, 2008) was a Ghanaian politician and a chartered accountant. He had been a Member of Parliament in the Parliament of Ghana since January 1997 and had been a minister in the Kufuor government since 2001.
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Kwadwo Baah-Wiredu
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Kwame Addo-Kufuor
Doctor Kwame Addo-Kufuor (born 14 July 1940) is a Ghanaian politician and physician. Addo-Kufuor is a member of parliament from Manhyia, and from 2001 to 2007 he was the Minister for Defense under President John Kufuor, his brother. Since June 2008, he has been the Minister for Interior.
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Lula da Silva
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Mike Oquaye
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Paa Kwesi Nduom
Paa Kwesi Nduom or Papa Kwesi Nduom, (born February 15, 1953) is a business consultant and politician. He is the Convention People's Party's nominee to contest the Ghanaian presidential election in December 2008. He is also the current member of parliament for the Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abirem constituency and has served as minister of state in various portfolios in the Kufuor government between 2001 and 2007. He was named after his father as Joseph Hubster Yorke Jr.
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Yaw Osafo-Maafo
Yaw Osafo-Maafo is a former Member of Parliament for Akim Oda, Ghana. He was appointed Minister of Finance in February 2001 and later Minister of Finance and Economic Planning. He held this position until January 2005. At the Ministry of Finance he oversaw the dramatic turnaround of the Ghanaian Economy. In November 2001 he was named Finance Minister of the year with his Canadian counterpart Paul Martin by the World Economic Forum and Finance Minister of the year 2001, Africa, by the “Banker Magazine” a Financial Times publication.
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Al-Junaynah
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Chad
Chad (, Tshād), officially known as the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country in central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west. Due to its distance from the sea and its largely desert climate, the country is sometimes referred to as the "Dead Heart of Africa".
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Geneina
Geneina (sometimes Al-Junaynah) (, lit. the little garden) is the capital of West Darfur state in Sudan.
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North Darfur
North Darfur (; transliterated: Shamal Darfor) is one of the 26 wilayat or states of Sudan. It is one of the three states composing the Durfar region. It has an area of 296,420 km² and an estimated population of approximately 1,583,000 (2006). Al-Fashir is the capital of the state. Other significant towns include Ailliet, Kebkabiya, Kutum, Mellit (Malit), Tawilah and Umm Kadadah.
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South Darfur
South Darfur (; transliterated: Janob Darfor) is one of the 26 wilayat or states of Sudan. It is one of the three states that compose the region of Darfur in western Sudan. It has an area of and an estimated population of approximately 2,890,000 (2006). Nyala is the capital of the state.
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Sudan
Sudan (), officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in northeastern Africa. It is the largest country in Africa and the Arab world, and tenth largest in the world by area. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east,Kenya and Uganda to the southeast, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west and Libya to the northwest. The world's longest river, the Nile, divides the country between east and west sides.
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MaximsNewsNetwork: WEST DARFUR - AU OBSERVER JOHN KUFUOR @ POLLING (UNAMID)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:50
- Published: 13 Apr 2010
- Uploaded: 05 Nov 2011
- Author: MaximsNewsNetwork
MaximsNewsNetwork: 12 April 2010 - UNAMID: West Darfur, Sudan - Former Ghanaian President, John Kufuor, who spearheads the African Union Observer Mission to Sudan, expressed his satisfaction with the voting procedure today (Monday) after visiting one of the polling centers in El Geneina, the capital of West Darfur. The head of the 53-member AU observer team examined the election process in the region and said that voters looked calm and relaxed. Prior to this visit, the six observers had been welcomed in El Fasher, North Darfur, by Joint Special Representative, Ibrahim Gambari, and other senior officials of the African Union-United Nations Mission in Darfur (UNAMID) and received a detailed briefing about stability and peace development in the region at the UNAMIDs headquarters. SOUNDBITE (English) John Kufuor, Former President of Ghana and Head of the AU Observer Mission to Sudan We hope that the election process that is going on now would open up the opportunities for the people of Sudan generally and perhaps enable them using democracy and working for peace within the bodies of this huge country. We hope so. Today (12 April) marks the second day of the three-day voting period in Sudans 25 states, three of which North Darfur, South Darfur and West Darfur - are located in this region. Of the Sudans 16 million eligible voters, 3.6 million are registered in Darfur. The number represents 67 percent of the regions registered voters. UNAMID has been tasked with training 10000 <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/MaximsNewsNetwork_WEST_DARFUR__AU_OBSERVER_JOHN_KUFUOR_@_POLLING_UNAMID
MSF Report: Bombing and attacks in west Darfur
Report on bombing and attacks in West Darfur, Sudan, Feb 2008.
http://wn.com/MSF_Report_Bombing_and_attacks_in_west_Darfur
Promises to Darfur unfulfilled
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:41
- Published: 14 Aug 2010
- Uploaded: 19 Jul 2011
- Author: AlJazeeraEnglish
Competition for scarce resources, such as water and fertile lands, in Sudan's western region of Darfur has led to conflicts that killed more than 300000 people, according to UN figures. In some parts of Darfur, however, a mix of poverty and lack of development seems to be posing a greater challenge than raging conflicts. Despite the many problems inflicting the region, promises from the international community to support it have gone unfulfilled. There are doubts about whether the Sudanese government can take up development and cure poverty in Darfur on its own. Al Jazeera's Mohammed Adow reports from Geneina in West Darfur.
http://wn.com/Promises_to_Darfur_unfulfilled
speech of mukjar locality ,west darfur
commisioner of mukjar locality ustaz hashim addresses the participants of the workshop on conflict resolution and peace building april2009.
http://wn.com/speech_of_mukjar_locality_,west_darfur
yassir satti ,peace workshop in mujaker locality,W Darfur,4,2009
this video shows the workshop on conflict resolution and peace building in Mukjar locality of West Darfur State , carried by UNCHR and Peace Center of University of Zalingei , by yassir satti.
http://wn.com/yassir_satti_,peace_workshop_in_mujaker_locality,W_Darfur,4,2009
Lynsey Addario ("Darfur")
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:18
- Published: 15 Apr 2011
- Uploaded: 15 Apr 2011
- Author: AmikoKavtaradze1
Lynsey Addario (www.lynseyaddario.com) is an American photojournalist based in New Delhi, India, where she photographs for The New York Times, National Geographic, and Time Magazine. Lynsey began photographing professionally in 1996-with no professional photographic training or studies-and started photographing conflict and humanitarian issues. In 2000, she traveled to Afghanistan under Taliban rule to document life and oppression under the Taliban. She has since covered conflicts in Afghanistan, Iraq, Lebanon, Darfur, and Congo, and shoots features across the Middle East, South Asia, and Africa. Lynsey's recent bodies of work include 'Veiled ABU SOURUJ, WEST DARFUR. An overhead view of the remains of the burned-out village of Abu Sourouj, which was bombed on the 8 February by the Sudanese government and simultaneously attacked by armed men on camels, horseback and donkeys, otherwise known as Janjaweed, in West Darfur, Sudan, February 28, 2008. The government spate of bombings was in response to an ambush two months prior by rebels from the Justice and Equality Movement, and subsequent intelligence that JEM members were living in these villages and using them as a base. After a period of relative quiet, there has been a great deal of renewed fighting between the Sudanese government with militias loyal to the government and rebel factions, namely JEM. Dozens of civilians in Silean, Sirba, and Abu Sourouj were killed in the attacks around February 8-9th,many others were <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Lynsey_Addario_Darfur
darfur.wmv
BG Keita Sector west commander and his deputy Col Amgad Morsy manage sector HQ staff work in Elgenina west Darfur state Jan 2007
http://wn.com/darfurwmv
UNICEF: In Darfur, hundreds of children missing
SIRBA, Sudan, 22 February 2008 -- Hundreds of children are unaccounted for, following militia attacks on villages in Sudan's West Darfur region. "There are an unknown number of children aged 12 to 18 who are missing, especially boys. Nobody knows what has happened to these children," said UNICEF's Head of Office for West Darfur, Naqibullah Safi. UNICEF and its UN partners sent an assessment mission to the towns of Sirba and Abu Surouj following government-backed militia attacks in West Darfur's northern corridor earlier this month. The team found that thousands of residents had fled their homes in the towns after multiple buildings were burned in the attacks. To read the full story, visit: www.unicef.org
http://wn.com/UNICEF_In_Darfur,_hundreds_of_children_missing
Angelina Jolie report to crisis in Sudan part1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:08
- Published: 15 Feb 2009
- Uploaded: 17 Oct 2011
- Author: AngelinaJolieUNHCR
Jolie laments children's plight in Darfur, calls for more security KHARTOUM, Sudan, Oct 27 (UNHCR) The need for security and access to displaced people's home villages were the key concerns raised by UNHCR Goodwill Ambassador Angelina Jolie as she ended a three-day visit to Sudan's strife-torn West Darfur province today. The Goodwill Ambassador started her mission to West Darfur on Monday, visiting camps to see first-hand the situation of tens of thousands of internally displaced people. She returned to the Sudanese capital, Khartoum, to share her observations in a press conference on Wednesday. Jolie recounted stories of village raids and rapes, including the gang rape last week of a 12-year-old girl and her mother. "These events are recent and horrifying. And they show that there is still instability," she lamented. "I met with many children who have been trapped in the middle of this conflict. They were wearing clothes full of holes, that were falling off. They have no access to school or medical attention," she added. "But when asked what they need, before food and clothes, they said security first. The fact is no place is 100 percent safe." Jolie noted that UNHCR's focus in West Darfur is to look at conditions in the villages and places of origin, and to assess the needs of the people and possibilities for returns. "Obviously returns are something this government would like to see happen. But from the sense I got from the people and from my observations during this <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Angelina_Jolie_report_to_crisis_in_Sudan_part1
Angelina Jolie report to crisis in Sudan part2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:07
- Published: 15 Feb 2009
- Uploaded: 18 Nov 2011
- Author: AngelinaJolieUNHCR
Jolie laments children's plight in Darfur, calls for more security KHARTOUM, Sudan, Oct 27 (UNHCR) The need for security and access to displaced people's home villages were the key concerns raised by UNHCR Goodwill Ambassador Angelina Jolie as she ended a three-day visit to Sudan's strife-torn West Darfur province today. The Goodwill Ambassador started her mission to West Darfur on Monday, visiting camps to see first-hand the situation of tens of thousands of internally displaced people. She returned to the Sudanese capital, Khartoum, to share her observations in a press conference on Wednesday. Jolie recounted stories of village raids and rapes, including the gang rape last week of a 12-year-old girl and her mother. "These events are recent and horrifying. And they show that there is still instability," she lamented. "I met with many children who have been trapped in the middle of this conflict. They were wearing clothes full of holes, that were falling off. They have no access to school or medical attention," she added. "But when asked what they need, before food and clothes, they said security first. The fact is no place is 100 percent safe." Jolie noted that UNHCR's focus in West Darfur is to look at conditions in the villages and places of origin, and to assess the needs of the people and possibilities for returns. "Obviously returns are something this government would like to see happen. But from the sense I got from the people and from my observations during this <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Angelina_Jolie_report_to_crisis_in_Sudan_part2
Darfur
Darfur is a region of far western Sudan, bordering the Central African Republic, Libya, and Chad. An independent sultanate for several hundred years, it was incorporated into Sudan by Anglo-Egyptian forces. The region is divided into three federal states: West Darfur, South Darfur, and North Darfur which are coordinated by a Transitional Darfur Regional Authority. Due to the Darfur Conflict, the region is in a state of humanitarian emergency. The current tragedy in Darfur has been labelled by the UN as the 'world's worst humanitarian crisis'. At the end of November 2004, the estimated number of people driven from their homes was 1.5m -- thousands more are also said to have died mainly due to the effects of displacement like hunger, lack of safe drinking water and disease. The solution to the conflict in Darfur hinges, to a large degree, on the eradication of abject poverty and the evils associated with it. If u could help, whould you?
http://wn.com/Darfur
Song from the west
here is a song from the west side of Sudan done by the same little lady
http://wn.com/Song_from_the_west
my arrival.wmv
Col Amgad Morsy Deputy sector west commander arreive to Amis to Unamid Cermony with Civpol sector commander in Elgenina west Darfur state Jan 2007
http://wn.com/my_arrivalwmv
Truth about Darfur
www.amnestyusa.org Human rights defender Adeeb Abdulrahman Yousif, director of the office of the Sudan Development Organization (SUDO) in Zalinge, West Darfur State. SUDO undertakes training in human rights and humanitarian work in Darfur.
http://wn.com/Truth_about_Darfur
Water for Survival in Darfur
Water: It's one of the most basic elements of survival and something most of us take for granted. Just how does the International Rescue Committee provide safe water and sanitary living conditions to 36280 displaced people in dusty Zalingei, West Darfur, and another 15000 people living nearby? The IRC's Emily Holland caught up with the man who manages Zalingei's water system to find out. To contribute directly to IRC humanitarian programs for innocent civilians whose lives have been shattered by the violence in Darfur, visit www.theIRC.org
http://wn.com/Water_for_Survival_in_Darfur
Get It Right (George Bush Diss)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:46
- Published: 17 May 2007
- Uploaded: 31 Dec 2011
- Author: keyboyrecords
Politically motivated rap video that contains both serious and halarious content all wrapped in one video. This is one that Kanye West would love to have made. See George Bush re-enactment, Katrina pics, Iraq, Kanye West, Darfur and be prepared to laugh and cry at the same time.
http://wn.com/Get_It_Right_George_Bush_Diss
كلمة الاحتفال.avi
Col Amgad Morsy Deputy sector west commander give opening statement in Amis to Unamid Cermony in Elgenina west Darfur state Jan 2007
http://wn.com/كلمة_الاحتفالavi
Caligula 6 @ West Coast Regional Slam "Darfur"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:53
- Published: 25 Jul 2007
- Uploaded: 25 Aug 2010
- Author: elcarim081
Caligula 6 @ West Coast Regional Poetry Slam in Big Sur. "Darfur"
http://wn.com/Caligula_6_@_West_Coast_Regional_Slam_Darfur
Africa - Resource Wars (Darfur)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:39
- Published: 29 Jul 2008
- Uploaded: 27 Jan 2012
- Author: SoliloquyMonologues
PLEASE RATE THE VIDEO The wars in Africa are wars of greed. The Western elites do not care for Africa or its people. It is after African Wealth, and a desire to keep it resources going to West instead of Africa. Africa can't develop simply because West won't allow it. The World bank and IMF are crooks, whose tongues are forked. Their goals is too keep the follow of resources going to the West and due to their greed will not allow Africa to develop. What scaring the West more than anything is the fact they are starting to lose Africa to the East. I hope China will not abuse Africa the same way. Though I doubt that.
http://wn.com/Africa__Resource_Wars_Darfur
AMIS UNAMID.MPG
BG Keita Sector west commander and his deputy Col Amgad Morsy change peret from AMIS to UNAMID in Elgenina west Darfur state
http://wn.com/AMIS_UNAMIDMPG
Stories from Darfur
www.amnestyusa.org Human rights defender Adeeb Abdulrahman Yousif, director of the office of the Sudan Development Organization (SUDO) in Zalinge, West Darfur State. SUDO undertakes training in human rights and humanitarian work in Darfur.
http://wn.com/Stories_from_Darfur
Rewrite the Future in Darfur, Sudan 2008
This film presents the impact which Save the Children's first global campaign, Rewrite the Future, has had on children in West Darfur.Rewrite the Future was launched two years ago with the aim of securing the right to education of children affected by armed conflict. Today, 37 million children are missing out on school in countries affected by armed conflict, more than half of all the children out of school worldwide. Save the Children launched Rewrite the Future to open peoples' eyes to the needs and rights of children living with the effects of war and conflict. To make a direct difference to 8 million children's lives by improving their quality of education getting 3 million of these children into school who weren't before. To persuade governments and international organisations to mobilise resources and provide education themselves. Go to www.savethechildren.net/rewritethefuture to find out more
http://wn.com/Rewrite_the_Future_in_Darfur,_Sudan_2008
Sudan: Portrait of an MSF hospital in Darfur
Visit Médecins Sans Frontières/Doctors Without Borders' health centre in Habile in West Darfur and learn more about MSF's work in the region and the patients who visit the clinic.
http://wn.com/Sudan_Portrait_of_an_MSF_hospital_in_Darfur
UN / Olivier Chasso
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| Coordinates | 15°48′00″N47°54′00″N |
|---|---|
| Name | West Darfur |
| Native name | غرب دارفور |
| Other name | Gharb Darfor |
| Settlement type | State |
| Map caption | Location in Sudan. |
| Coordinates display | inline,title |
| Coordinates region | SD |
| Subdivision type | Country |
| Subdivision name | |
| Subdivision type1 | Region |
| Subdivision name1 | Darfur |
| Subdivision type2 | No. of counties: |
| Seat type | Capital |
| Seat | Geneina |
| Leader title | Governor |
| Leader name | Shartai Jaafar Abdel Hakam |
| Area total km2 | 79460 |
| Population as of | 2006 (est.) |
| Population total | 1006801 |
| Timezone | EAT |
| Utc offset | +3 |
| Footnotes | }} |
External links
Category:States of Sudan Category:Darfur
ar:غرب دارفور (ولاية) de:Gharb Darfur es:Darfur del Oeste fa:دارفور غربی fr:Darfour-Occidental ko:서부 다르푸르 주 id:Darfur Barat it:Darfur Occidentale sw:Magharibi Darfur nl:Gharb-Darfur pl:Darfur Zachodni pt:Darfur Ocidental ro:Statul Darfur de Vest ru:Западный Дарфур sr:Западни Дарфур sv:Gharb Darfur tr:Batı Darfur Eyaleti zh:西达尔富尔省
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Coordinates | 15°48′00″N47°54′00″N |
|---|---|
| name | John Kofi Agyekum Kufuor |
| order | 2nd President of Ghana(4th Republic) |
| term start | 7 January 2001 |
| term end | 7 January 2009 |
| vicepresident | Aliu Mahama |
| predecessor | Jerry Rawlings |
| successor | John Atta Mills |
| birth date | December 08, 1938 |
| birth place | Kumasi, Gold Coast |
| spouse | Theresa Mensah |
| party | New Patriotic Party |
| religion | Roman Catholic |
| profession | Lawyer }} |
John Kofi Agyekum Kufuor (born 8 December 1938) was the second president of the 4th Republic of Ghana (2001–2009) and Chairperson of the African Union (2007–2008). His victory over John Atta-Mills after the end of Jerry Rawlings' second term marked the first peaceful democratic transition of power in Ghana since the country's independence in 1957.
Kufuor's career has been spent on the liberal-democratic side of Ghanaian politics, in the parties descended from the United Gold Coast Convention and the United Party. He was a minister in Kofi Abrefa Busia's Progress Party government during Ghana's Second Republic, and a Popular Front Party opposition frontbencher during the Third Republic. In the Fourth Republic he stood as the New Patriotic Party's candidate at the 1996 election, and then led it to victory in 2000 and 2004. Having served two terms, in 2008 he was no longer eligible for the presidency.
Early life
An Asante, Kufuor married Theresa Kufuor (née Mensah) in 1962, with whom he has had five children. Kufuor and his family belong to the Roman Catholic Church. He was born in Kumasi and educated at Osei Tutu Boarding School (1951–53), Prempeh College (1954–58), Lincoln's Inn, London (1959–1961) and Exeter College, University of Oxford (1961–1964). In the Second Republic's Parliamentary Register Kufuor lists as his hobbies and interests table tennis, reading, football, and film shows.
Early political career
As Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs he represented Ghana on a number of occasions. From 1969 to December, 1971, he led Ghana's delegation to the United Nations General Assembly in New York, the Organization of African Unity (OAU) Ministerial Meetings in Addis Ababa, and the Summit Conference of the Non-Aligned Movement in Lusaka. In 1970, he led the Ghanaian delegation to Moscow in the former Soviet Union, Prague (Former Czechoslovakia), and Belgrade (Yugoslavia) to discuss Ghana's indebtedness to these countries.As the Spokesman on Foreign Affairs and Deputy Opposition Leader of the Popular Front Party (PFP) Parliamentary Group during the Third Republic, he was invited to accompany President Limann to the OAU Summit Conference in Freetown, Sierra Leone. He was also a member of the parliamentary delegation that visited the United States in 1981 to talk to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank on Ghana's economic problems.
In January, 1982, the leadership of the All People's Party (APP), which was an alliance of all the opposition parties, advised some leading members, including the Deputy Leader of the Alliance, Alhaji Iddrisu Mahama, the General Secretary, Dr. Obed Asamoah and Mr. J. A. Kufuor to accept an invitation from the Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC) to serve in what was purported to be a National Government. Kufuor was appointed the Secretary for Local Government in this new government.
As a Secretary for Local Government, he wrote the Local Government Policy Guidelines that were to be the foundation of the current decentralized District Assemblies.
Elections
On 20 April 1996, Kufuor was nominated by 1034 out of 2000 delegates of the New Patriotic Party (NPP) drawn from all the 200 Constituencies of the Country to run for the President of Ghana on 10 December 1996. After campaigning for less than nine months, Kufuor polled 39.62% of the popular votes to Rawlings' 57% in the 1996 election. On 23 October 1998, he was re-nominated by the New Patriotic Party not only to run again for President but also to officially assume the position of Leader of the Party.Kufuor won the presidential election of December 2000; in the first round, held on 7 December, Kufuor came in first place with 48.4%, while John Atta-Mills, Jerry Rawlings' Vice President, came in second with 44.8%, forcing the two into a run-off vote. In the second round, held on 28 December, Kufour was victorious, taking 56.9% of the vote.
Kufuor was re-elected in presidential and parliamentary elections held on 7 December 2004, earning 52.45% of the popular vote in the first round and thus avoiding a run-off, while at the same time Kufuor's party, the New Patriotic Party, was able to secure more seats in the Parliament of Ghana.
Presidency
His administration's domestic policy in the first term was marked by fiscal and monetary stringency on the economic front, aimed at stabilizing a national economy that had stagnated and was in decline. His social vision was focused on unleashing the entrepreneurial, creative and innovative potential of Ghanaians as a means of creating wealth and hence dealing with the social challenges facing them. This socio-economic vision was encapsulated in the Five Priority Areas Programme, viz., the pursuit of good governance, modernization of agriculture for rural development, private sector participation, enhanced social services and vigorous infrastructure development. His administration is said to have received the most financial assistance of any in the history of Ghana, due essentially to donors' distrust for the military governments before it, as well as those with some military connections. In addition, Kuffour personally is believed to have institutionalzed tribal politics more than any administration in Ghana.President Kufuor's foreign policy was underpinned by what he termed "economic diplomacy." It is within this context that in Africa in general and in West Africa in particular, a good neighbor policy has been pursued, which has seen Ghana under President Kufuor brokering peace in Liberia, Sierra Leone, Cote d'lvoire and Guinea-Bissau among other African states. On the global stage, President Kufuor has actively sought the establishment of a just and equitable international social and economic order, while promoting and safeguarding the interests of Ghana through bilateral and multilateral agreements. His stature as statesman, democrat and credible spokesman for Africa has found expression in his invitation to major international meetings and conferences including the founding summit of the AU, G8 Summits in Sea Island, Georgia and Glenneagles, Scotland and the World Economic Forum, among others.
Due to the policy successes his administration chalked up, President Kufuor had his mandate renewed in 2004 and was sworn into office on 7 January 2005. Policy direction in President Kufuor's second term has built on the foundations laid in the first four years. The administration is pursuing Ghana's socio-economic transformation in the second term using the three-pronged approach of private sector development, human resource development and good governance. At the international level, President Kufuor is consolidating Ghana's position as the voice of Africa, credible peace broker, beacon of democracy (Ghana is the first country to undergo Peer Review under NEPAD's Africa Peer Review Mechanism) and responsible member of the comity of nations.
On 29 January 2007, Kufuor was elected as the Chairperson of the African Union for the 2007-2008 AU session. He was succeeded by Jakaya Kikwete of Tanzania on 31 January 2008. Kufuor was involved in a car crash during his presidency on 14 November 2007, in which another car collided with his and caused it to roll over several times. Kufuor was reported to be uninjured.
Finally, President Kufuor's good governance policy has led to Ghana obtaining a record $500 million grant from the U.S Millennium Challenge Account for economic development. Social vision was anchored on unleashing the entrepreneurial, creative and innovative potential of Ghanaians as a means of creating wealth and hence dealing with the social challenges facing Ghanaians. This socio-economic vision was encapsulated in the Five Priority Areas Programme vis the pursuit of good governance, modernization of agriculture for rural development, private sector participation, enhanced social services and vigorous infrastructural development.
Post-Presidency
In July 2009, Kufuor became a member of the SNV Netherlands Development Organisation International Advisory Board to contribute his expertise to the organisation's poverty reduction work. In September 2009, Kufuor spoke in the Netherlands at Dutch government event to mark '60 years of development aid' at the invitation of Dutch Minister Bert Koenders, which was attended by nearly 2,000 people. During his visit to the Netherlands, he was interviewed by the newspaper NRC Handelsblad and the Internationale Samenwerking magazine. He argued for the importance of effective development assistance, pointing out that development aid helped Ghana enter the international capital market.On September 21, 2009, he delivered the prestigious Legatum Pericles Lecture at the Legatum Center for Development and Entrepreneurship at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Cabinets
First Cabinet (January 2001)
Second Cabinet (January 2005)
Third Cabinet (2006)
Bibliography
See also
References
External links
Category:1938 births Category:Living people Category:Chairmen of the African Union Category:Presidents of Ghana Category:Government ministers of Ghana Category:Alumni of Exeter College, Oxford Category:Members of Lincoln's Inn Category:Grand Crosses Special Class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany Category:Ghanaian Roman Catholics Category:Ghanaian democracy activists Category:Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath Category:Ghanaian MPs 1969–1972 Category:Ghanaian MPs 1979–1981 Category:Progress Party (Ghana) politicians Category:Popular Front Party politicians Category:New Patriotic Party politicians
ak:John Kofi Agyekum Kufuor ar:جون كوفور bg:Джон Куфур cs:John Agyekum Kufuor da:John Kufuor de:John Agyekum Kufuor et:John Agyekum Kufuor el:Τζον Κουφούρ es:John Kufuor ee:John Kufuor fr:John Kufuor gl:John Kufuor ko:존 쿠푸오르 hr:John Agyekum Kufuor io:John Agyekum Kufuor id:John Agyekum Kufuor it:John Kofi Agyekum Kufuor rw:John Kufuor sw:John Agyekum Kufuor lv:Džons Kufuors mr:जॉन कुफुर nl:John Agyekum Kufuor ja:ジョン・アジェクム・クフォー no:John Kufuor oc:John Agyekum Kufuor pl:John Kufuor pt:John Kufuor ru:Куфуор, Джон fi:John Kufuor sv:John Agyekum Kufuor uk:Джон Куфуор yo:John Kufuor zh:约翰·阿吉耶库姆·库福尔This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
Lynsey Addario (born 1973 Norwalk, Connecticut) is an American photojournalist currently based in Delhi. Her work often focuses on conflicts and human rights issues, especially the role of women in traditional societies.
Photographer's website
"Inside the Mind of a Genius: Lynsey Addario", ''The Root''
Category:American photojournalists
Category:1973 births
Category:Living people
Category:University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
Category:MacArthur Fellows
Life and work
She graduated from Staples High School, in 1991. She graduated from the University of Wisconsin, Madison, with a B.A. in International Relations and Italian in 1995. She began photographing professionally in 1996. After spending time in Argentina at the Buenos Aires Herald, she began freelancing for the Associated Press, with Cuba as a focus. In 2000, she photographed in Afghanistan under Taliban control. She has since covered conflicts in Afghanistan, Iraq, Darfur, the Congo, and Haiti. She has covered stories throughout the Middle East and Africa. She has visited Darfur or neighboring Chad at least once a month from August 2004.She has photographed for ''The New York Times'', ''The New York Times Magazine'', ''Time'', ''Newsweek'', and ''National Geographic''.
In Pakistan on May 9, 2009, Addario was involved in an automobile accident while returning to Islamabad from an assignment at a refugee camp. Her collar bone (clavicle) was broken, another journalist was injured, and the driver was killed.
Addario was one of four ''New York Times'' journalists who were missing in Libya from March 16–21, 2011. ''The New York Times'' reported on March 18, 2011 that Libya had agreed to free her and three colleagues: Anthony Shadid, Stephen Farrell and Tyler Hicks. The Libyan government released the four journalists on March 21, 2011. She reports that she was threatened with death and repeatedly groped during her captivity by the Libyan Army.
Addario is married to Paul de Bendern, a journalist with Reuters. They married in July 2009.
Awards
She is the recipient of multiple awards, including the MacArthur Fellowship in 2009. Her work in Waziristan, Sept. 7, 2008, was part of work receiving the Pulitzer Prize in 2009 for International Reporting. She won the Getty Images Grant for Editorial photography in 2008 for her work in Darfur. She received the Infinity Award in 2002 by the International Center of Photography.
References
External links
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Coordinates | 15°48′00″N47°54′00″N |
|---|---|
| Name | Angelina Jolie |
| Birth name | Angelina Jolie Voight |
| Birth date | June 04, 1975 |
| Birth place | Los Angeles, California, U.S. |
| Occupation | Actor, director, writer, producer, humanitarian |
| Years active | 1982; 1991–present |
| Spouse | Jonny Lee Miller (1996–1999)Billy Bob Thornton (2000–2003) |
| Partner | Brad Pitt (2005–present) |
| Children | 6 |
| Parents | Jon VoightMarcheline Bertrand |
| Relatives | James Haven (brother)Chip Taylor (uncle) }} |
| Headerstyle | background:#F0E68C; |
|---|---|
| Labelstyle | background:#ddf; |
| Datastyle | background:#DCDCDC; |
| Header1 | Film awards |
| data2 | {{Infobox | child yes | title Academy Awards | label1 | data1 | label2 2000 | data2 Best Supporting Actress }} |
| {{infobox | child | yes | title Golden Globe Awards | label1 1998 | data1 Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film | label2 1999 | data2 Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film | label3 2000 | data3 Best Supporting Actress - Motion Picture }} |
|---|
| {{infobox | child | yes | title Screen Actors Guild Awards | label1 1999 | data1 Outstanding Female Actor – Miniseries or Television Movie | label2 2000 | data2 Outstanding Supporting Female Actor }} |
|---|
Angelina Jolie ( , born Angelina Jolie Voight; June 4, 1975) is an American actress and director. She has received an Academy Award, two Screen Actors Guild Awards, and three Golden Globe Awards, and was named Hollywood's highest-paid actress by ''Forbes'' in 2009 and 2011. Jolie is noted for promoting humanitarian causes as a Goodwill Ambassador for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). She has been cited as the world's "most beautiful" woman, a title for which she has received substantial media attention.—and received further critical acclaim for her performances in the dramas ''A Mighty Heart'' (2007) and ''Changeling'' (2008), which earned her a nomination for an Academy Award for Best Actress. Jolie made her directorial debut with the wartime drama ''In the Land of Blood and Honey'' (2011).
Divorced from actors Jonny Lee Miller and Billy Bob Thornton, Jolie now lives with actor Brad Pitt, in a relationship notable for fervent media attention. Jolie and Pitt have three adopted children, Maddox, Pax, and Zahara, and three biological children, Shiloh, Knox, and Vivienne.
Early life and family
Born in Los Angeles, California, Jolie is the daughter of actors Jon Voight and Marcheline Bertrand. She is the sister of actor James Haven, niece of singer-songwriter Chip Taylor, and goddaughter of actors Jacqueline Bisset and Maximilian Schell. On her father's side, Jolie is of German and Slovak descent, and on her mother's side, she is of primarily French Canadian, Dutch, and German ancestry, as well as of distant Huron heritage.
After her parents' separation in 1976, Jolie and her brother lived with their mother, who abandoned her acting ambitions to focus on raising her children. As a child, Jolie regularly saw movies with her mother and later explained that this had inspired her interest in acting; she had not been influenced by her father. When she was six years old, her mother and stepfather, filmmaker Bill Day, moved the family to Palisades, New York; they returned to Los Angeles five years later. She then decided she wanted to act and enrolled at the Lee Strasberg Theatre Institute, where she trained for two years and appeared in several stage productions.
At the age of 14, Jolie dropped out of her acting classes and aspired to become a funeral director. She began working as a fashion model, modeling mainly in Los Angeles, New York, and London. During this period, she wore black clothing, experimented with knife play, and went out moshing with her live-in boyfriend. Two years later, after the relationship had ended, she rented an apartment above a garage a few blocks from her mother's home.
Jolie suffered episodes of suicidal depression throughout her teens and early twenties. later commenting, "I collected knives and always had certain things around. For some reason, the ritual of having cut myself and feeling the pain, maybe feeling alive, feeling some kind of release, it was somehow therapeutic to me." She also began experimenting with drugs; by the age of 20, she had tried "just about every drug possible," including heroin.
Jolie has had a difficult relationship with her father. Due to Voight's marital infidelity and the resulting breakup of her parents' marriage, she was estranged from her father for many years. They reconciled and he appeared with her in ''Lara Croft: Tomb Raider'' (2001), but their relationship again deteriorated. In August of that year, Voight claimed his daughter had "serious mental problems" on ''Access Hollywood''. In response, Jolie released a statement in which she indicated that she no longer wished to pursue a relationship with her father. She explained that because she had adopted her son Maddox, she did not think it was healthy for her to associate with Voight. In the wake of her beloved mother's death from ovarian cancer on January 27, 2007, Jolie again reconciled with her father after a six-year estrangement.
Career
Early work: 1982; 1991–1997
When she was seven years old, Jolie had a small part in ''Lookin' to Get Out'' (1982), a movie co-written by and starring her father, Jon Voight. She committed to acting at the age of 16, but initially found it difficult to pass auditions, often being told that she was "too dark." The movie failed to make a profit at the box office, but developed a cult following after its video release.She next appeared in the 1996 comedy ''Love Is All There Is'', a modern-day loose adaptation of ''Romeo and Juliet'' set among two rival Italian family restaurant owners in The Bronx, New York. In the road movie ''Mojave Moon'' (1996) she played a young woman who falls for Danny Aiello's middle-aged character, while he develops feelings for her mother, played by Anne Archer. That same year, Jolie also portrayed Margret "Legs" Sadovsky, one of five teenage girls who form an unlikely bond in the film ''Foxfire'' after they beat up a teacher who has sexually harassed them. The ''Los Angeles Times'' wrote about her performance, "It took a lot of hogwash to develop this character, but Jolie, Jon Voight's knockout daughter, has the presence to overcome the stereotype. Though the story is narrated by Maddy, Legs is the subject and the catalyst."
In 1997, Jolie starred with David Duchovny in the thriller ''Playing God'', set in the Los Angeles underworld. The movie was not well-received by critics; Roger Ebert noted that "Angelina Jolie finds a certain warmth in a kind of role that is usually hard and aggressive; she seems too nice to be [a criminal's] girlfriend, and maybe she is." She then appeared in the television film ''True Women'' (1997), a historical romantic drama set in the American West and based on the book by Janice Woods Windle. That year, she also appeared as a stripper in the music video for "Anybody Seen My Baby?" by the Rolling Stones.
Breakthrough: 1998–2000
Jolie's career prospects began to improve after she won a Golden Globe Award for her performance in TNT's ''George Wallace'' (1997). She portrayed Cornelia Wallace, the second wife of Alabama Governor George Wallace, played by Gary Sinise. The film was very well-received by critics and won, among other awards, the Golden Globe Award for Best Miniseries or Television Film. Jolie also received an Emmy Award nomination for her performance.In 1998, Jolie starred in HBO's ''Gia'', portraying supermodel Gia Carangi. The film chronicled the destruction of Carangi's life and career as a result of her addiction to heroin, and her decline and death from AIDS in the mid-1980s. Vanessa Vance from Reel.com noted, "Angelina Jolie gained wide recognition for her role as the titular Gia, and it's easy to see why. Jolie is fierce in her portrayal—filling the part with nerve, charm, and desperation—and her role in this film is quite possibly the most beautiful train wreck ever filmed." For the second consecutive year, Jolie won a Golden Globe Award and was nominated for an Emmy Award. She also won her first Screen Actors Guild Award.
In accordance with Lee Strasberg's method acting, Jolie preferred to stay in character in between scenes during many of her early films, and as a result had gained a reputation for being difficult to deal with. While shooting ''Gia'', she told her then-husband Jonny Lee Miller that she would not be able to phone him: "I'd tell him: 'I'm alone; I'm dying; I'm gay; I'm not going to see you for weeks.'" After ''Gia'' wrapped in 1997, Jolie announced that she had given up acting for good, because she felt that she had "nothing else to give." She separated from Miller and moved to New York, where she enrolled at New York University to study filmmaking and attend writing classes; she later described it as "just good for me to collect myself." Encouraged by her Golden Globe Award win for ''George Wallace'' and the positive critical reception of ''Gia'', she resumed her career. Jolie won the Breakthrough Performance Award from the National Board of Review of Motion Pictures.
In 1999, she starred in the comedy-drama ''Pushing Tin'', alongside John Cusack, Billy Bob Thornton, and Cate Blanchett. The film received a mixed reception from critics, and Jolie's character—Thornton's seductive wife—was particularly criticized. ''The Washington Post'' wrote, "Mary (Angelina Jolie) [is] a completely ludicrous writer's creation of a free-spirited woman who weeps over hibiscus plants that die, wears lots of turquoise rings and gets real lonely when Russell spends entire nights away from home." She then co-starred with Denzel Washington in ''The Bone Collector'' (1999), an adaptation of a crime novel by Jeffery Deaver. Jolie played a police officer haunted by her cop father's suicide, who reluctantly helps Washington track down a serial killer. The movie grossed $151 million worldwide, but was a critical failure. The ''Detroit Free Press'' concluded, "Jolie, while always delicious to look at, is simply and woefully miscast."
Jolie next took the supporting role of the sociopathic Lisa Rowe in ''Girl, Interrupted'' (1999), an adaptation of former mental patient Susanna Kaysen's memoir of the same name. While Winona Ryder played the main character in what was hoped to be a comeback for her, the film instead marked Jolie's final breakthrough in Hollywood. She won her third Golden Globe Award, her second Screen Actors Guild Award, and an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. ''Variety'' noted, "Jolie is excellent as the flamboyant, irresponsible girl who turns out to be far more instrumental than the doctors in Susanna's rehabilitation".
In 2000, Jolie appeared in her first summer blockbuster, ''Gone In 60 Seconds'', in which she played Sarah "Sway" Wayland, the ex-girlfriend of car thief Nicolas Cage. The role was small, and ''The Washington Post'' criticized that "all she does in this movie is stand around, cooling down, modeling those fleshy, pulsating muscle-tubes that nest so provocatively around her teeth." She later explained that the film had been a welcome relief after the emotionally heavy role of Lisa Rowe. It became her highest grossing movie up until then, earning $237 million internationally.
International success: 2001–present
Although highly regarded for her acting abilities, Jolie's films to date had often not appealed to a wide audience, but ''Lara Croft: Tomb Raider'' (2001) made her an international superstar. An adaptation of the popular ''Tomb Raider'' videogame, Jolie was required to learn a British accent and undergo extensive martial arts training to play the title role of Lara Croft. She was generally praised for her physical performance, but the movie generated mostly negative reviews. ''Slant'' commented, "Angelina Jolie was born to play Lara Croft but [director] Simon West makes her journey into a game of Frogger." The movie was an international success nonetheless, earning $275 million worldwide, and launched her global reputation as a female action star.Jolie then starred opposite Antonio Banderas as his mail-order bride in ''Original Sin'' (2001), a thriller based on the novel ''Waltz into Darkness'' by Cornell Woolrich. The film was a major critical failure, with ''The New York Times'' noting, "The story plunges more precipitously than Ms. Jolie's neckline." In 2002, she starred in ''Life or Something Like It'' as an ambitious television reporter who is told that she will die in a week. The film was poorly received by critics, though Jolie's performance received positive reviews. CNN's Paul Clinton wrote, "Jolie is excellent in her role. Despite some of the ludicrous plot points in the middle of the film, this Academy Award-winning actress is exceedingly believable in her journey towards self-discovery and the true meaning of fulfilling life."
Jolie reprised her role as Lara Croft in ''Lara Croft Tomb Raider: The Cradle of Life'' (2003), which established her among Hollywood's highest-paid actresses. The sequel was not as lucrative as the original, earning $156 million at the international box office. She appeared in the music video for Korn's "Did My Time," which was used to promote the film. She next starred in ''Beyond Borders'' (2003), as a socialite who joins aid workers in Africa and Asia. The film reflected Jolie's real-life interest in promoting humanitarian relief, but it was critically and financially unsuccessful. The ''Los Angeles Times'' wrote, "Jolie, as she did in her Oscar-winning role in ''Girl, Interrupted'', can bring electricity and believability to roles that have a reality she can understand. She can also, witness the ''Lara Croft'' films, do acknowledged cartoons. But the limbo of a hybrid character, a badly written cardboard person in a fly-infested, blood-and-guts world, completely defeats her."
In 2004, Jolie starred alongside Ethan Hawke in the thriller ''Taking Lives''. She portrayed an FBI profiler summoned to help Montreal law enforcement hunt down a serial killer. The movie received mixed reviews and ''The Hollywood Reporter'' concluded, "Angelina Jolie plays a role that definitely feels like something she has already done, but she does add an unmistakable dash of excitement and glamour." She also provided the voice of the angelfish Lola in the DreamWorks animated movie ''Shark Tale'' (2004), and had a brief appearance in ''Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow'' (2004), a science fiction adventure film shot entirely with actors in front of a bluescreen. That same year, Jolie played Olympias in ''Alexander'', about the life of Alexander the Great. The film failed domestically, which director Oliver Stone attributed to disapproval of the depiction of Alexander's bisexuality, but it succeeded internationally, with revenue of $139 million outside the United States.
Jolie then starred opposite Brad Pitt in the 2005 action-comedy ''Mr. & Mrs. Smith'', which tells the story of a bored married couple, John and Jane Smith, who find out that they are both secret assassins. The film received mixed reviews, but was generally lauded for the chemistry between the two leads. The ''Star Tribune'' noted, "While the story feels haphazard, the movie gets by on gregarious charm, galloping energy and the stars' thermonuclear screen chemistry." The movie earned $478 million worldwide, making it the seventh-highest grossing film of 2005.
Jolie next appeared in Robert De Niro's ''The Good Shepherd'' (2006), a film about the early history of the CIA, as seen through the eyes of Edward Wilson, an officer based on James Jesus Angleton and played by Matt Damon. Jolie played the supporting role of Margaret "Clover" Russell, Wilson's neglected wife. According to the ''Chicago Tribune'', "Jolie ages convincingly throughout, and is blithely unconcerned with how her brittle character is coming off in terms of audience sympathy."
In 2007, Jolie made her directorial debut with the documentary ''A Place in Time'', which captures daily life in 27 locations around the world during a single week. The film was screened at the Tribeca Film Festival and was intended for distribution to high schools through the National Education Association. Jolie then starred as Mariane Pearl in the documentary-style drama ''A Mighty Heart'' (2007). Based on Pearl's memoir of the same name, the film chronicles the kidnapping and murder of her husband, ''The Wall Street Journal'' reporter Daniel Pearl, in Pakistan. ''The Hollywood Reporter'' described Jolie's performance as "well-measured and moving," played "with respect and a firm grasp on a difficult accent." Jolie was nominated for a Golden Globe Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award for her performance. She also played Grendel's mother in the animated epic ''Beowulf'' (2007), which was created through the motion capture technique.
Jolie co-starred alongside James McAvoy and Morgan Freeman in the 2008 action movie ''Wanted'', an adaptation of Mark Millar's graphic novel of the same name. The film received predominately favorable reviews and proved an international success, earning $342 million worldwide. She also provided the voice of Master Tigress in the DreamWorks animated movie ''Kung Fu Panda'' (2008). With revenue of $632 million internationally, it became the third-highest grossing film of 2008. That same year, Jolie took on the lead role in Clint Eastwood's drama ''Changeling''. Based in part on the Wineville Chicken Coop Murders, the film stars Jolie as Christine Collins, who is reunited with her kidnapped son in 1928 Los Angeles—only to realize the boy is an impostor. The ''Chicago Tribune'' noted, "Jolie really shines in the calm before the storm, the scenes [...] when one patronizing male authority figure after another belittles her at their peril." Jolie received nominations for an Academy Award, a Golden Globe Award, a Screen Actors Guild Award, and a BAFTA Award.
Jolie next starred in the 2010 thriller ''Salt'', her first film in two years. She starred alongside Liev Schreiber as CIA agent Evelyn Salt, who goes on the run after she is accused of being a KGB sleeper agent. Originally written as male, the character Salt underwent a gender change after a Colombia Pictures executive suggested Jolie for the role to director Phillip Noyce. The film was an international success with revenue of $294 million. It received mixed to positive reviews, with Jolie's performance earning praise; ''Empire'' remarked, "When it comes to selling incredible, crazy, death-defying antics, Jolie has few peers in the action business." She also starred opposite Johnny Depp in ''The Tourist'' (2010), which was a major critical failure. Peter Travers wrote, "Depp and Jolie hit career lows, producing the chemistry of high-fashion zombies." After a slow start at the domestic box office, the film went on to gross $278 million worldwide. Jolie received a controversial Golden Globe Award nomination, which was speculated to have been given merely to ensure her high-profile presence at the awards ceremony.
In 2011, Jolie reprised her voice role as Master Tigress in the animated DreamWorks sequel ''Kung Fu Panda 2''. It became the fourth-highest grossing film of 2011 and Jolie's highest grossing film to date, earning $663 million at the international box office. She also made her directorial feature debut with ''In the Land of Blood and Honey'' (2011), a love story between a Serb soldier and a Bosniak prisoner of war, set during the 1992-95 Bosnian War. Jolie, who had twice visited Bosnia-Herzegovina in her capacity as a UNHCR Goodwill Ambassador, explained that she made the film to rekindle attention for the survivors of a war that took place in recent history. Prior to production in Sarajevo, however, the filming permit was briefly revoked in response to protests from the Association of Women Victims of War, over unfounded rumors that Jolie's script was about a rape victim who falls in love with her rapist. When Jolie presented the finished film to an audience assembled by Bosnian war-victims advocacy organizations, the response was "overwhelmingly positive."
Humanitarian work
Jolie stated that she first became personally aware of worldwide humanitarian crises while filming ''Lara Croft: Tomb Raider'' (2001) in Cambodia. She contacted the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) for information on international trouble spots. To learn more about the conditions in these areas, Jolie began visiting refugee camps around the world. In February 2001, she went on her first field visit, an 18-day mission to Sierra Leone and Tanzania; she later expressed her shock at what she had witnessed. In the following months, she returned to Cambodia for two weeks and met with Afghan refugees in Pakistan. She covered all costs related to her missions and shared the same rudimentary working and living conditions as UNHCR field staff on all of her visits. Jolie was named a UNHCR Goodwill Ambassador at UNHCR headquarters in Geneva on August 27, 2001.
Since then, Jolie has been on field missions around the world and met with refugees and internally displaced persons in more than 30 countries. Asked what she hoped to accomplish, she stated, "Awareness of the plight of these people. I think they should be commended for what they have survived, not looked down upon." Jolie aims to visit what she terms "forgotten emergencies," crises that media attention has shifted away from. She is noted for not shying away from traveling to areas that are at war: she visited the Darfur region of Sudan during the Darfur conflict in 2004; Chad during its civil war in 2007; Iraq during the Second Gulf War in 2007 and 2009; Afghanistan during the ongoing war in 2008 and 2011; and Libya during the Libyan revolution in 2011.
In addition to her field missions, Jolie uses her public profile to promote humanitarian causes through the mass media. Her early field visits were chronicled in her book ''Notes from My Travels'', which was published in conjunction with the release of her film ''Beyond Borders'' (2003). She filmed a 2005 MTV special, ''The Diary of Angelina Jolie & Dr. Jeffrey Sachs in Africa'', portraying her and noted economist Dr. Jeffrey Sachs on a trip to a remote group of villages in Western Kenya. Jolie has also regularly released public service announcements promoting World Refugee Day and other causes.
Over time, Jolie became more involved in promoting humanitarian causes on a political level. She has regularly attended World Refugee Day in Washington, D.C., and she was an invited speaker at the World Economic Forum in Davos in 2005 and 2006. She also began lobbying humanitarian interests in the U.S. capital, where she met with members of Congress at least 20 times between 2003 and 2006, during which she pushed for several bills to aid refugees and vulnerable children in the Third World and the United States. She explained in 2006, "As much as I would love to never have to visit Washington, that's the way to move the ball." In 2007, she became a member of the Council on Foreign Relations.
Jolie has established several charitable organizations. In 2003, she founded the Maddox Jolie-Pitt Foundation—named the Maddox Jolie Project until 2007—which is dedicated to community development and environmental conservation in Cambodia's northwestern province Battambang. In 2006, she partnered with the Global Health Committee to establish the Maddox Chivan Children's Center, a daycare facility for children afflicted and affected by HIV in the Cambodian capital Phnom Penh. That same year, she and her partner Brad Pitt founded the Jolie-Pitt Foundation, to aid humanitarian causes worldwide. In 2007, Jolie and noted economist Dr. Gene Sperling founded the Education Partnership for Children of Conflict, which funds education programs for children affected by man-made or natural disasters. In 2008, she collaborated with the Microsoft Corporation to establish Kids in Need of Defense, a pro bono movement of law firms, corporate law departments, NGOs and volunteers committed to providing legal counsel to unaccompanied immigrant children in the U.S. In 2010, she established the Jolie Legal Fellows Programme, which recruits lawyers to support governmental child protection efforts in Haiti.
Jolie has received wide recognition for her humanitarian work. In 2002, she received the inaugural Humanitarian Award by the Church World Service's Immigration and Refugee Program. In 2003, she was the first recipient of the Citizen of the World Award by the United Nations Correspondents Association. In 2005, she was awarded the Global Humanitarian Award by the UNA-USA. On July 31, 2005, King Norodom Sihamoni awarded Jolie Cambodian citizenship for her conservation work in the country. In 2007, Jolie received the Freedom Award by the International Rescue Committee. In 2011, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees António Guterres presented Jolie with a gold pin reserved for the most long-serving staff, in recognition of her decade as a UNHCR Goodwill Ambassador.
Personal life
Relationships
Jolie had a serious boyfriend for two years from the age of 14. They lived together in her mother's home, of which she has said, "He was my first boyfriend at a time when I wanted to be promiscuous and was starting to be sexual. We were in my bedroom, in my environment, where I was most comfortable and I wasn't in danger." She later compared the relationship to a marriage in its emotional intensity, and said that the breakup compelled her to dedicate herself to her acting career at the age of 16.
During filming of ''Hackers'' (1995), Jolie had a romance with British actor Jonny Lee Miller, her first lover since the relationship in her early teens. Jolie and Miller separated in September 1997 and divorced on February 3, 1999. They remained on good terms, and Jolie later explained, "It comes down to timing. I think he's the greatest husband a girl could ask for. I'll always love him, we were simply too young."
Jolie had a brief relationship with model-actress Jenny Shimizu on the set of ''Foxfire'' (1996). She later said, "I would probably have married Jenny if I hadn't married my husband. I fell in love with her the first second I saw her." Shimizu claimed in 2005 that her relationship with Jolie had lasted many years and continued even while Jolie was romantically involved with other people. In 2003, asked if she was bisexual, Jolie responded, "Of course. If I fell in love with a woman tomorrow, would I feel that it's okay to want to kiss and touch her? If I fell in love with her? Absolutely! Yes!"
After a two-month courtship, Jolie married actor Billy Bob Thornton on May 5, 2000, in Las Vegas. They met on the set of ''Pushing Tin'' (1999), but did not pursue a relationship at that time as Thornton was engaged to actress Laura Dern. As a result of their frequent public declarations of passion and gestures of love—most famously wearing one another's blood in vials around their necks—their marriage became a favorite topic of the entertainment media. Jolie and Thornton announced the adoption of a son from Cambodia in March 2002, but abruptly separated three months later. Their divorce was finalized on May 27, 2003. Asked about the sudden dissolution of their marriage, Jolie stated, "It took me by surprise, too, because overnight, we totally changed. I think one day we had just nothing in common. And it's scary but... I think it can happen when you get involved and you don't know yourself yet."
In early 2005, Jolie was involved in a well-publicized Hollywood scandal when she was accused of being the reason for the divorce of actors Brad Pitt and Jennifer Aniston. She and Pitt were alleged to have started an affair during filming of ''Mr. & Mrs. Smith'' (2005). She denied this on several occasions, but later admitted that they "fell in love" on the set. She explained in 2005, "To be intimate with a married man, when my own father cheated on my mother, is not something I could forgive. I could not look at myself in the morning if I did that. I wouldn't be attracted to a man who would cheat on his wife." The couple—dubbed "Brangelina" by the entertainment media—are the subject of worldwide media coverage.
Children
On March 10, 2002, Jolie adopted her first child, seven-month-old Maddox Chivan, from an orphanage in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. He was born as Rath Vibol on August 5, 2001, in a local village. Jolie applied for adoption after she had visited Cambodia twice, while filming ''Lara Croft: Tomb Raider'' (2001) and on a UNHCR field mission. The adoption process was halted in December 2001 when the U.S. government banned adoptions from Cambodia amid allegations of child trafficking. Once the adoption was finalized, she took custody of Maddox in Namibia, where she was filming ''Beyond Borders'' (2003). Although Jolie and her then-husband Billy Bob Thornton announced the adoption together, she in fact adopted Maddox as a single parent.
Jolie adopted a daughter, six-month-old Zahara Marley, from an orphanage in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on July 6, 2005. Zahara was born as Yemsrach on January 8, 2005, in Awasa. At the time of the adoption, Zahara was wrongly believed to be an AIDS orphan and it was unknown whether she herself was HIV positive, but she later tested negative. Shortly after they returned to the United States, Zahara was hospitalized for dehydration and malnutrition. In November 2007, media outlets reported that Zahara's biological mother wanted her daughter back, but she denied these reports, saying she thought Zahara was "very fortunate" to have been adopted by Jolie.
Jolie was accompanied by her partner Brad Pitt when she traveled to Ethiopia to collect Zahara. She later indicated that she and Pitt had made the decision to adopt from Ethiopia together. In December 2005, Pitt's publicist announced that Pitt was seeking to adopt Maddox and Zahara. To reflect this, Jolie filed a request to legally change her children's surnames from Jolie to Jolie-Pitt, which was granted on January 19, 2006. The adoptions were finalized soon after.
In an attempt to avoid the media frenzy surrounding their relationship, Jolie and Pitt went to Namibia for the birth of their first biological child. On May 27, 2006, Jolie gave birth to a daughter, Shiloh Nouvel, in Swakopmund. Pitt confirmed that their newborn daughter would have a Namibian passport. The couple decided to sell the first pictures of Shiloh through the distributor Getty Images themselves, rather than allowing paparazzi to make these valuable photographs. ''People'' paid a reported $4.1 million for the North American rights, while ''Hello!'' obtained the British rights for a reported $3.5 million. All profits were donated to charities serving African children.
On March 15, 2007, Jolie adopted a son, three-year-old Pax Thien, from an orphanage in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Jolie adopted Pax as a single parent, because Vietnam's adoption regulations do not allow unmarried couples to co-adopt. The rights for the first post-adoption images of Pax were sold to ''People'' for a reported $2 million, as well as to ''Hello!'' for an undisclosed amount. In April, Jolie filed a request to legally change her son's surname from Jolie to Jolie-Pitt, which was approved on May 31, 2007. Pitt's adoption of Pax was finalized in the United States on February 21, 2008.
At the Cannes Film Festival in May 2008, Jolie confirmed that she was expecting twins. For the two weeks she spent in a seaside hospital in Nice, France, reporters and photographers camped outside on the promenade. She gave birth to a son, Knox Léon, and a daughter, Vivienne Marcheline, on July 12, 2008. The rights for the first images of Knox and Vivienne were jointly sold to ''People'' and ''Hello!'' for a reported $14 million—the most expensive celebrity pictures ever taken. The proceeds were donated to the Jolie-Pitt Foundation.
In the media
During the first decade of her career, Jolie—who does not employ a publicist or an agent—maintained a "wild child" persona in her communication with the media. She openly discussed her love life, including her bisexuality and her interest in BDSM. After she kissed her brother during the Academy Awards in 2000, their close relationship became the subject of tabloid media speculation, which she dismissed. She spoke about her experiences with drugs and depression, and recalled the time, in 1997, when she almost hired a hitman to kill her, as well as the three days, just before her marriage to Billy Bob Thornton, that she was sectioned at UCLA's psychiatric ward. ''Esquire'' in 2004, American ''FHM'' and British ''Harper's Bazaar'' in 2005, ''People'' and ''Hello!'' in 2006, ''Empire'' in 2007, and ''Vanity Fair'' in 2009. Jolie's extensive collection of tattoos has often been addressed by interviewers. She has fourteen known tattoos, among which the Latin proverb "quod me nutrit me destruit" (what nourishes me destroys me), the Tennessee Williams quote "A prayer for the wild at heart, kept in cages," two sak yant designs featuring a prayer of protection and a twelve-inch-by-eight-inch tiger, and six sets of geographical coordinates indicating the origins of her children. Over time, she has covered or lasered several of her tattoos, including the name of her second husband, "Billy Bob", and the Chinese characters "死" (death) and "勇" (courage).
Today, Jolie is one of the best-known celebrities around the world. According to the Q Score, in 2000, subsequent to her Oscar win, 31% of respondents in the United States said Jolie was familiar to them; by 2006 she was familiar to 81% of Americans. In a 2006 global industry survey by ACNielsen in 42 international markets, Jolie, together with her partner Brad Pitt, was found to be the favorite celebrity endorser for brands and products worldwide. She was the face of St. John and Shiseido from 2006 to 2008, and in 2011 had an endorsement deal with Louis Vuitton reportedly worth $10 million—a record for a single advertising campaign. She was among the ''Time'' 100, a list of the most influential people in the world as assembled by ''Time'', in 2006 and 2008. ''Forbes'' named her Hollywood's highest-paid actress in 2009 and 2011, with estimated annual earnings of $27 million and $30 million respectively, and she topped the magazine's Celebrity 100, a ranking of the world's most powerful celebrities, in 2009.
Filmography
| + Director | ||
| Title | Year | Notes |
| ''In the Land of Blood and Honey'' | 2011 | Also writer and producerNAACP Image Award for Outstanding Foreign Motion PictureProducers Guild of America Stanley Kramer AwardNominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language FilmNominated—NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Directing in a Motion Picture |
Selected awards
| Year | Award | Category | Film | Result |
| 1998 | Emmy Award | |||
| 1998 | Golden Globe Award | ''George Wallace'' | ||
| 1998 | Breakthrough Performance | ''Playing by Heart'' | ||
| 1998 | Emmy Award | ''Gia'' | ||
| 1999 | Golden Globe Award | ''Gia'' | ||
| 1999 | Screen Actors Guild Award | ''Gia'' | ||
| 2000 | Academy Award | |||
| 2000 | Golden Globe Award | ''Girl, Interrupted'' | ||
| 2000 | Screen Actors Guild Award | ''Girl, Interrupted'' | ||
| 2008 | Golden Globe Award | '''' | ||
| 2008 | Screen Actors Guild Award | '''' | ||
| 2009 | Academy Award | |||
| 2009 | BAFTA Award | ''Changeling'' | ||
| 2009 | Golden Globe Award | Best Performance by an Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama | ''Changeling'' | |
| 2009 | Screen Actors Guild Award | Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role | ''Changeling'' | |
| 2011 | Golden Globe Award |
Bibliography
References
Further reading
External links
Category:1975 births Category:Actors from Los Angeles, California Category:American aviators Category:American child actors Category:American film actors Category:American film directors Category:American film producers Category:American humanitarians Category:American people of Dutch descent Category:American people of French-Canadian descent Category:American people of German descent Category:American people of Slovak descent Category:American voice actors Category:American writers Category:Best Miniseries or Television Movie Actress Golden Globe winners Category:Best Supporting Actress Academy Award winners Category:Best Supporting Actress Golden Globe (film) winners Category:Best Supporting Actress Golden Globe (television) winners Category:Bisexual actors Category:Female aviators Category:Female film directors Category:Lee Strasberg Theatre Institute alumni Category:LGBT people from the United States Category:Living people Category:Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie Screen Actors Guild Award winners Category:People of Iroquois descent Category:Saturn Award winners Category:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Goodwill Ambassadors
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