Endurance

Saturday, 22 December 2012

Endurance Hawaii: Episode One (Part One)

Endurance Tehachapi: Episode One (Part One)

Endurance Tehachapi: Episode One (Part Two)

Endurance Hawaii: Episode One (Part Three)

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Acton, MA
Acton is a suburban town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States about twenty-one miles west-northwest of Boston along Route 2 west of Concord and about ten miles (18 km) southwest of Lowell. The population was 21,924 at the 2010 census. It is bordered by Westford and Littleton to the north, Concord and Carlisle to the east, Stow and Maynard to the south, and Boxborough to the west. Acton became an incorporated town in 1735. The town employs the Open Town Meeting form of government with a Town Manager and an elected, 5-member Board of Selectmen. Acton was named the 16th Best Place To Live among small towns in the country by Money Magazine in 2009 and in 2011. The local high school, Acton-Boxborough Regional High School, was named a Blue Ribbon School by the U.S. Department of Education in 2009.
Acton is located at 42°29′N 71°27′W / 42.483°N 71.45°W / 42.483; -71.45. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 20.3 square miles (53 km²), of which 20.0 square miles (52 km²) is land and 0.3 square miles (0.78 km²), or 1.53 percent, is water. Almost all of Acton is forested, except for where it has been cleared for residential or agricultural use. Some forested areas have been put aside for special use by corporations.

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Antioch, CA
Antioch (formerly, East Antioch, Smith's Landing, and Marshs Landing) is a city in Contra Costa County, California. Located in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area along the San Joaquin-Sacramento River Delta, it is a suburb of San Francisco and Oakland. The city's population was 102,372 at the U.S. 2010 census.
Antioch is one of the oldest towns in California, having been founded in 1850. The year following the discovery of gold, there was a plague that over-took the city and wiped out most of the population.
The town was founded by two brothers, William and Joseph Smith, who named the town Smith’s Landing. In 1851, the town's new minister persuaded the residents to change the name of the town to Antioch, for the Biblical city of Antioch, Turkey.
Around 1859, coal was discovered in several places in the hills south of Antioch and coal mining formed the first substantial business apart from farming and dairying by the inhabitants of this community. This new industry resulted in the founding of the towns of Nortonville, Somersville, Stewartsville, and Black Diamond (now Pittsburg, California), and added greatly to the economic activity of the Antioch area. The Empire Coal Company was formed by John C. Rouse and George Hawxhurst in 1876, which built a railroad that passed from Antioch toward the mines over what is now "F Street" (formerly Kimball Street). However, later on, both the mine and the railroad passed into the hands of the Belshaw brothers. The mines have long ago ceased operation, and the railroad tracks have been dug up, though the building that served as the Antioch terminus of the railroad still stands on the corner of F Street and Fourth Street, and the grading and trestles still remain much as they were in those early days.

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Apache Junction, AZ
Apache Junction is a city in Maricopa and Pinal counties in the U.S. state of Arizona. According to the 2010 Census, the population of the city was 35,840, most of whom lived in Pinal County.
Apache Junction is named for the junction of the Apache Trail and U.S. Highway 60. Superstition Mountain, the westernmost peak of the Superstition Mountains, is nearby.
This city was one of the filming locations for HBO's 1994 film Blind Justice.^{[citation needed]} In the 2003 dark comedy film Bad Santa, the character of Santa tells a child that Apache Junction is the suburb that most resembles the North Pole.
Apache Junction is at 33°24′54″N 111°32′46″W / 33.415035°N 111.546025°W / 33.415035; -111.546025.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 34.2 square miles (89 km²), all land.
The town is bounded by the Superstition Mountains (a federal wilderness area and home of the Lost Dutchman's Gold Mine) on the east, the Goldfield Mountains with the Bulldog Recreation Area on the north and the city of Mesa, Arizona on the west. Goldfield Ghost Town, a popular tourist spot preserved from former prospecting days, nestles near the western face of Superstition Mountain just off Highway 88 (Apache Trail).

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Atlanta, GA
Atlanta ( /ətˈlæntə/, stressed /ætˈlæntə/, locally /ætˈlænə/) is the capital and the most populous city in the U.S. state of Georgia with a 2010 population of 420,003. Atlanta is the cultural and economic center of the Atlanta metropolitan area, which is home to 5,268,860 people and is the ninth largest in the U.S. It is a major component of a growing southeastern megalopolis known as the Piedmont Atlantic Megaregion. Atlanta is the county seat of Fulton County, and a small portion of the city extends eastward into DeKalb County.
Atlanta began as a settlement located at the terminus of a railroad line, and it was incorporated in 1845. Today, the city is a major business city and the primary transportation hub of the Southeastern United States (via highway, railroad, and air), with Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport being the world's busiest airport since 1998. The World Cities Study Group at Loughborough University rated Atlanta as an "alpha(-) world city." With a gross domestic product of US$270 billion, Atlanta's economy ranks 15th among world cities and sixth in the nation. The city is a center for services, finance, information technology, government, and higher education. Metro Atlanta contains the country's third largest concentration of Fortune 500 companies, and is the world headquarters of The Coca-Cola Company, Turner Broadcasting, The Home Depot, AT&T Mobility, UPS, and Delta Air Lines. As of 2010, Atlanta is the seventh most visited city in the United States, with over 35 million visitors per year.

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Austin, TX
Austin (/ˈɒstɨn/ or /ˈɔːstɨn/) is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County. Located in Central Texas on the eastern edge of the American Southwest, it is the fourth-largest city in Texas and the 14th most populous city in the United States. It was the third-fastest-growing large city in the nation from 2000 to 2006. Austin has a population of 790,390 (2010 U.S. Census). The city is the cultural and economic center of the Austin–Round Rock–San Marcos metropolitan area, which had an estimated population 1,783,519 (2011 U.S. Census), making it the 34th-largest metropolitan statistical area in the United States.
In the 1830s, pioneers began to the settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River. After Republic of Texas Vice President Mirabeau B. Lamar visited the area during a buffalo-hunting expedition between 1837 and 1838, he proposed that the republic's capital then located in Houston, Texas, be relocated to the area situated on the north bank of the Colorado River near the present-day Ann W. Richards Congress Avenue Bridge. In 1839, the site was officially chosen as the republic's new capital (the republic's seventh and final location) and was incorporated under the name, Waterloo. Shortly thereafter, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the "Father of Texas" and the republic's first secretary of state.

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Australia
Australia ( /əˈstreɪljə/), officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent as well as the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. Neighbouring countries include Indonesia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea to the north; the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and New Caledonia to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east.
For at least 40,000 years before European settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who belonged to one or more of roughly 250 language groups. After discovery by Dutch explorers in 1606, Australia's eastern half was claimed by Great Britain in 1770 and settled through penal transportation to the colony of New South Wales from 26 January 1788. The population grew steadily in subsequent decades; the continent was explored and an additional five self-governing Crown Colonies were established.

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Bahamas
The Bahamas ⁱ/bəˈhɑːməz/, officially the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is a country consisting of more than 3,000 islands, cays, and islets. It is located in the Atlantic Ocean north of Cuba and Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti), northwest of the Turks and Caicos Islands, and southeast of the United States (nearest to the state of Florida). Its land area is 13,939 km² (5,382 sq mi), with a population of 353,658. Its capital is Nassau. Geographically, the Bahamas lie in the same island chain as Cuba, Hispaniola and the Turks and Caicos Islands; the designation of Bahamas refers normally to the Commonwealth and not the geographic chain.
Originally inhabited by the Lucayans, a branch of the Arawakan-speaking Taino people, the Bahamas were the site of Columbus' first landfall in the New World in 1492. Although the Spanish never colonized the Bahamas, they shipped the native Lucayans to slavery in Hispaniola. The islands were mostly deserted from 1513 to 1648, when English colonists from Bermuda settled on the island of Eleuthera.

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Baja California
Baja California (English /ˈbɑːhɑː kælɨˈfɔrnjə/, Spanish: [ˈbaxa kaliˈfornja]), officially Free and Sovereign State of Baja California (Spanish: Estado Libre y Soberano de Baja California, literally: Lower California), is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is both the northernmost and westernmost state of Mexico, but before becoming a state in 1953, the area was known as the North Territory of Baja California. It has an area of 70,113 km² (27,071 sq mi), or 3.57% of the land mass of Mexico and comprises the northern half of the Baja California peninsula, north of the 28th parallel. The state is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean, on the east by Sonora, the U.S. State of Arizona, and the Gulf of California (also known as the Sea of Cortez), and on the south by Baja California Sur. Its northern limit is the U.S. state of California.
The state has a population of 2,844,469 (2005 census), and estimated 3,165,776 (June 2009) much more than the sparsely populated Baja California Sur to the south, and similar to San Diego County on its north. Over 75% of the population lives in the capital city, Mexicali, or in Ensenada and Tijuana. Other important cities include San Felipe, Rosarito and Tecate. The population of the state is composed of Mestizos, mostly immigrants from other parts of Mexico, and, as with most northern Mexican states, a large population of Mexicans of European ancestry, and also a large minority group of East Asian, Middle Eastern and indigenous descent. Additionally, there is a large immigrant population from the United States due to its proximity to San Diego and the cheaper cost of living compared to San Diego. There is also a significant population from Central America. Many immigrants moved to Baja California for a better quality of life and the number of higher paying jobs in comparison to the rest of Mexico and Latin America.

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Bali
Bali is an Indonesian island located in the westernmost end of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to the east. It is one of the country's 33 provinces with the provincial capital at Denpasar towards the south of the island. The province covers a few small neighbouring islands as well as the isle of Bali.
With a population recorded as 3,891,428 in the 2010 census, the island is home to most of Indonesia's Hindu minority. In the 2000 census about 92.29% of Bali's population adhered to Balinese Hinduism while most of the remainder follow Islam. It is also the largest tourist destination in the country and is renowned for its highly developed arts, including traditional and modern dance, sculpture, painting, leather, metalworking, and music. Bali, a tourist haven for decades, has seen a further surge in tourist numbers in recent years.
Bali was inhabited by around 2000 BC by Austronesian peoples who migrated originally from Taiwan through Maritime Southeast Asia. Culturally and linguistically, the Balinese are thus closely related to the peoples of the Indonesian archipelago, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Oceania. Stone tools dating from this time have been found near the village of Cekik in the island's west.

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Beaverton, OR
Beaverton is a city in Washington County, Oregon, United States, seven miles (11 km) west of Portland in the Tualatin River Valley. As of the 2010 census, the population is 89,803. This makes it the second-largest city in the county and Oregon's sixth-largest city. In 2010, Beaverton was named by Money magazine as one of the 100 "best places to live", among smaller cities, in the country.
According to Oregon Geographic Names, Beaverton got its name because of the settlement's proximity to a large body of water resulting from beaver dams.
The area of Tualatin Valley which became Beaverton was originally the home of a Native American tribe known as the Atfalati which settlers mispronounced as Tualatin. The Atfalati population dwindled in the latter part of the 18th century, and the prosperous tribe was no longer dominant in the area by the 19th century when settlers arrived.
The natives had a village called Chakeipi, meaning Place of the Beaver, and early settlers referred to it as "Beaverdam". Early settlers include the Hall Family from Kentucky, the Denneys who lived on their claim near present-day Scholls Ferry Road and Hall Blvd, and Orin S. Allen, from western New York. Lawrence Hall purchased 640 acres (2.6 km²) in Beaverdam in 1847 and built a grist mill with his brother near present-day Walker Road. His was the first land claim in the area. He was soon followed by Thomas Denney in 1848, who came to the area and built its first sawmill. In 1860, a toll plank road from Portland to Beaverton was completed over a trail called Canyon Road.

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Belize
Belize ⁱ/bəˈliːz/ (formerly British Honduras) is a country located on the north eastern coast of Central America and it is the only country in the area where English is the official language, although Kriol and Spanish are more commonly spoken. Belize is bordered to the north by Mexico, south and west by Guatemala, and to the east by the Caribbean Sea. Its mainland is about 290 kilometres (180 mi) long and 110 kilometres (68 mi) wide.
With 22,960 square kilometres (8,860 sq mi) of land and a population of only 333,200 inhabitants (2010 est.), Belize possesses the lowest population density in Central America. The country's population growth rate of 2.21% (2008 est.), however, is the highest in the region and one of the highest in the western hemisphere. Belize's abundance of terrestrial and marine species, and its diversity of ecosystems give it a key place within the globally significant Mesoamerican Biological Corridor.
Belize has a diverse society, comprising many cultures and languages and it is the only nation in the region with a British colonial heritage but as a part of the Western Caribbean Zone, it also shares a common heritage with the Caribbean portions of other Central American countries. In general, Belize is considered to be a Central American nation with strong ties to both the Caribbean and Latin America. Belize is a member of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC), and Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana (SICA).

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Bellville, TX
Bellville is a city in and the county seat of Austin County, Texas, United States, located in the southeastern part of the state. The population was 3,794 at the 2000 census. Bellville was named for Thomas Bell, one of Stephen F. Austin's earliest colonists, after he and his brother James Bell donated land for the new county seat established by voters in 1846. The original county seat was located in San Felipe. Bellville is located at the intersection of State Highway 36 and State Highway 159 as well as FM 529, FM 1456, and FM 2429.
Bellville is located at 29°56′50″N 96°15′31″W / 29.94722°N 96.25861°W / 29.94722; -96.25861 (29.947225, -96.258657).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.6 square miles (6.7 km²), all of it land.
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,794 people, 1,425 households, and 966 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,452.0 people per square mile (561.3/km²). There were 1,566 housing units at an average density of 599.3 per square mile (231.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 81.89% White, 11.68% African American, 0.40% Native American, 0.34% Asian, 3.95% from other races, and 1.74% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.97% of the population.

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Bethel, CT
Bethel is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States, about sixty miles from New York City. Its population was 18,584 at the 2010 census. The town center is defined by the U.S. Census Bureau as a census-designated place (CDP). The core area of the town center has also been designated as a historic district.
The town is near Interstate 84 and has a train station on the Danbury Branch of Metro-North's New Haven Line.
Bethel was first settled around 1700. The first houses built in Bethel were in the 1730s or 1740s; they are located at 27 Grassy Plain Street and 63 Grassy Plain Street. For 96 years, until its secession in 1855, Bethel was a parish of Danbury. The name "Bethel" means "House of El (God)".
Bird's eye view, ca. 1910
P.T. Barnum Fountain, ca. 1914
Greenwood Avenue, ca. 1909
South Street, ca. 1910
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 16.9 square miles (44 km²), of which 16.8 square miles (44 km²) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km²), or 0.53%, is water. The CDP corresponding to the town center has a total area of 4.1 square miles (11 km²), none of which is water.

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Bethesda, MD
Bethesda is a census-designated place in southern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, just northwest of Washington, D.C. It takes its name from a local church, the Bethesda Meeting House (1820, rebuilt 1849), which in turn took its name from Jerusalem's Pool of Bethesda. (In Aramaic, beth hesda means "House of Mercy" and in Hebrew, "bait" "chesed" means "House of Kindness".) The National Institutes of Health main campus and the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center are in Bethesda, as are a number of corporate and government headquarters.
Bethesda is one of the most affluent and highly educated communities in the country, placing first in Forbes list of America's most educated small towns and first on CNNMoney.com's list of top-earning American towns. In April 2009, Forbes ranked Bethesda second on its list of "America's Most Livable Cities." In October 2009, based on education, income, health, and fitness, Total Beauty ranked Bethesda first on its list of the U.S.'s "Top 10 Hottest-Guy Cities."

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Big Brother (U.S.)
Big Brother is the American version of the Big Brother reality television show based on the Dutch television series of the same name originally created by John de Mol in 1997. The show follows a group of House Guests living together twenty-four hours a day in the "Big Brother" house, isolated from the outside world but under constant surveillance with no privacy for three months. In thirteen seasons of the show, 151 different people have entered the Big Brother house so far. Big Brother US is currently the third longest running version of the Big Brother format, running slightly longer than the British format which premiered a few weeks after the launch of the American version, and only a few months younger than the German version and the Spanish version of the show, which premiered in February 2000. Big Brother US however has aired in every year since its 2000 debut, the second-longest running format to do so. It has currently been renewed for a 14th season in which it will mark its 13th year on air.

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Bloomington, IN
Bloomington is a city in and the county seat of Monroe County in the southern region of the U.S. state of Indiana. The population was 80,405 at the 2010 census.
Bloomington is the home to Indiana University Bloomington. Established in 1820, IU Bloomington has approximately 40,000 students and is the original and largest campus of Indiana University. In the 1991 book entitled The Campus as a Work of Art, author Thomas Gaines named the Bloomington campus one of the five most beautiful in America. Most of the campus buildings are built of Indiana limestone.
Bloomington is also the home of the Indiana University School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University Maurer School of Law, the Jacobs School of Music, the Kelley School of Business, the Kinsey Institute, the Indiana University School of Optometry, and the Midwest Proton Radiotherapy Institute.
Bloomington has been named a Tree City for more than 20 years. The city was the site of the Academy Award-winning movie Breaking Away, featuring a reenactment of Indiana University's annual Little 500 bicycle race; Bloomington's rock quarries also figure in the movie.

wn.com/Bloomington,_IN
Boca Raton, FL
Boca Raton ( /ˈboʊkə rəˈtoʊn/) is a city in Palm Beach County, Florida, USA, incorporated in May 1925. In the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 74,764; the 2006 population estimated by the U.S. Census Bureau was 86,396. The Census 2010 count was down slightly, to 84,392. However, the majority of the people under the postal address of Boca Raton, about 200,000 in total, are not actually within Boca Raton's municipal boundaries. As a business center, the city's daytime population increases significantly.
In terms of both population and land area, Boca Raton is the largest city between West Palm Beach and Pompano Beach, Broward County.
The literal translation of "Boca Raton" is "Mouth of The Mouse" ("mouse" in Spanish is "ratón"), the Spanish word boca meaning inlet and ratón being a Spanish nautical term describing rocks that gnawed at a ship's cable. Another explanation is that it refers metaphorically to a pirate's cove. The name Boca Ratones originally appeared on eighteenth century maps associated with an inlet in the Biscayne Bay area of Miami. By the beginning of the nineteenth century, the term was mistakenly moved north to its current location on most maps and applied to the inland waterway from the closed inlet north for 8.5 miles (13.7 km), which was called the "Boca Ratones Lagoon".

wn.com/Boca_Raton,_FL
Boston, MA
Boston (pronounced /ˈbɒstən/ or locally /ˈbɔstən/ ( listen)) is the capital of and largest city in Massachusetts, and is one of the oldest cities in the United States. The largest city in New England, Boston is regarded as the unofficial "Capital of New England" for its economic and cultural impact on the entire New England region. The city proper, covering only 48.43 square miles, had a population of 617,594 according to the 2010 U.S. Census. Boston is also the anchor of a substantially larger metropolitan area called Greater Boston, home to 4.5 million people and the tenth-largest metropolitan area in the country. Greater Boston as a commuting region is home to 7.6 million people, making it the fifth-largest Combined Statistical Area in the United States.
In 1630, Puritan colonists from England founded the city on the Shawmut Peninsula. During the late 18th century, Boston was the location of several major events during the American Revolution, including the Boston Massacre and the Boston Tea Party. Several early battles of the American Revolution, such as the Battle of Bunker Hill and the Siege of Boston, occurred within the city and surrounding areas. Through land reclamation and municipal annexation, Boston has expanded beyond the peninsula. After American independence was attained Boston became a major shipping port and manufacturing center, and its rich history now helps attract many tourists, with Faneuil Hall alone attracting over 20 million every year. The city was the site of several firsts, including America's first public school, Boston Latin School (1635), and the first subway system in the United States (1897).

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Boxford, MA
Boxford is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town's population in 2010 was 7,965.
Part of the town comprises the census-designated place of Boxford.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 24.6 square miles (63.6 km²), of which, 24.0 square miles (62.1 km²) of it is land and 0.6 square miles (1.5 km²) of it (2.40%) is water.
Boxford is divided into Boxford Village (commonly called East Boxford) and West Boxford Village, corresponding to the respective East and West Boxford centers. It is heavily forested and criss-crossed by various streams and brooks, many of which empty into the Ipswich River on Boxford's southern border. A number of ponds dot town as well, among them Stiles Pond, Cedar Pond, Spofford Pond, Lowe Pond, Four Mile Pond and Baldpate Pond. Throughout Boxford there are also a number of scenic hiking trails. The highest natural point in Boxford is Bald Hill, at an elevation of 243 feet (74 meters). It sits in a corner of the Boxford State Forest, near Interstate 95 and the town's border with Middleton.

wn.com/Boxford,_MA
Bozeman, MT
Bozeman is a city in and the county seat of Gallatin County, Montana, United States, in the southwestern part of the state. The 2010 census put Bozeman's population at 37,280 making it the fourth largest city in the state. It is the principal city of the Bozeman Micropolitan Statistical Area, consisting of all of Gallatin County with a population of 89,513. It is the second largest Micropolitan Statistical Area in Montana and is the fourth largest of all of Montana’s statistical areas.
The city is named after John M. Bozeman who established the Bozeman Trail and was a key founder of the town in August 1864. The town became incorporated in April 1883 with a city council form of government and later in January 1922 transitioned to its current city manager/city commission form of government. Bozeman was elected an All-America City in 2001 by the National Civic League.
Bozeman is a college town, home to Montana State University - Bozeman. The local newspaper is the Bozeman Daily Chronicle, and the city is served by Bozeman Yellowstone International Airport.

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Breckenridge, CO
Established in 1859, the historic town of Breckenridge is a home rule municipality that is the county seat of Summit County, Colorado, United States. As of the 2010 Census, the town had a population of 4,540. The town also has many part-time residents, as many people have vacation homes in the area. Breckenridge is also home to one of North America's most popular ski resorts during the winter months, with the Breckenridge Ski Resort servicing multi-difficulty ski slopes across 4 peaks on the Ten Mile Range of the Rocky Mountains. Summer in Breckenridge attracts outdoor enthusiasts with hiking trails, wildflowers, fly-fishing in the Blue River, mountain biking, nearby Lake Dillon for boating, white water rafting, alpine slides, and several shops up and down Main Street. Every year, Breckenridge hosts the Breckenridge Festival of Film, established in 1981, Uller Fest every January, as well as an annual Fourth of July parade.
The town of Breckenridge was formally created in November 1859 by General George E. Spencer. Spencer chose the name "Breckinridge" after John C. Breckinridge of Kentucky, Vice President of the United States, in the hopes of flattering the government and gaining a post office. Spencer succeeded in his plan and a post office was built in Breckinridge; it was the first post office between the Continental Divide and Salt Lake City, Utah.

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Bronx, NY
The Bronx is the northernmost of the five boroughs of New York City. It is also known as Bronx County, the last of the 62 counties of New York State to be incorporated. Located north of Manhattan and Queens, and south of Westchester County, the Bronx is the only borough that is located primarily on the mainland (a very small portion of Manhattan, the Marble Hill neighborhood, is physically located on the mainland, due to the rerouting of the Harlem River in 1897). The Bronx's population is 1,400,761 according to the 2010 United States Census. The borough has a land area of 42 square miles (109 km²), making it the fourth-largest in land area of the five boroughs, the fourth most populated, and the third-highest in density of population.
The Bronx is divided by the Bronx River into a hillier section in the west, closer to Manhattan, and the flatter East Bronx, closer to Long Island. The West Bronx was annexed to New York City (then largely confined to Manhattan) in 1874, and the areas east of the Bronx River in 1895. The Bronx first assumed a distinct legal identity when it became a borough of Greater New York in 1898. Bronx County, with the same boundaries as the borough, was separated from New York County (afterwards coextensive with the Borough of Manhattan) as of January 1, 1914. Although the Bronx is the third-most-densely-populated county in the U.S., about a quarter of its area is open space, including Woodlawn Cemetery, Van Cortlandt Park, Pelham Bay Park, the New York Botanical Garden and the Bronx Zoo in the borough's north and center, on land deliberately reserved in the late 19th century as urban development progressed northwards and eastwards from Manhattan with the building of roads, bridges and railways.

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Brooklyn, NY
Coordinates: 40°41′34″N 73°59′25″W / 40.69278°N 73.99028°W / 40.69278; -73.99028
Brooklyn is the most populous of New York City's five boroughs, with approximately 2.5 million residents, and the second-largest in area. Since 1896, Brooklyn has had the same boundaries as Kings County, which is now the most populous county in New York State and the second-most densely populated county in the United States, after New York County (Manhattan). It is also the westernmost county on Long Island.
Brooklyn was an independent city until it was annexed by New York City in 1898. It continues to maintain a distinct culture. Many Brooklyn neighborhoods are ethnic enclaves where particular ethnic groups and cultures predominate.
Brooklyn's official motto is Eendraght Maeckt Maght. Written in the (early modern spelling of the) Dutch language, it is inspired by the motto of the United Dutch Provinces and translated "Unity makes strength". The motto is displayed on the borough seal and flag, which also feature a young robed woman bearing fasces, a traditional emblem of republicanism. Brooklyn's official colors are blue and gold.

wn.com/Brooklyn,_NY
Chandler, AZ
Chandler is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States, and is a prominent suburb of the Phoenix, Arizona, Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). It is bordered to the north and west by Tempe, to the north by Mesa, to the west by Phoenix, to the south by the Gila River Indian Community, and to the east by Gilbert. The population was 236,123 according to the Census Bureau 2010. It also has satellite locations for many technology companies, including Intel and Orbital Sciences Corporation.
In 1891, Dr. Alexander John Chandler, the first veterinary surgeon in Arizona Territory, settled on a ranch south of Mesa, studying irrigation engineering. By 1900, he had acquired 18,000 acres (73 km²) of land, and began drawing up plans for a townsite on what was then known as the Chandler Ranch. The townsite office opened on May 17, 1912, the same year that Chandler High School was established. By 1913, a town center had become established, featuring the luxurious Hotel San Marcos, the first golf resort in the state.

wn.com/Chandler,_AZ
Chicago, IL
Chicago (ⁱ/ʃɪˈkɑːɡoʊ/ or /ʃɪˈkɔːɡoʊ/) is the largest city in the US state of Illinois and the third most populous city in the United States after New York City and Los Angeles. The city has around 2.7 million residents. Its metropolitan area, sometimes called "Chicagoland", is the third largest in the United States, with an estimated 9.8 million people. Chicago is the county seat of Cook County, though a small portion also extends into DuPage County.
Chicago was incorporated as a city in 1837, near a portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River watershed. Today, Chicago is listed as an alpha+ global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network, and ranks seventh in the world on the 2012 Global Cities Index. The city retains its status as an international hub for finance, industry, telecommunications and infrastructure, with O'Hare International Airport being the second busiest airport in the world in terms of traffic movements. In 2008^[update], the city hosted 45.6 million domestic and overseas visitors. Among metropolitan areas, Chicago has the 4th largest Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the world, ranking just behind Tokyo, New York City, and Los Angeles. Chicago is one of the most important Worldwide Centers of Commerce and trade.

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Clermont, FL
Clermont is a city in Lake County, Florida, United States, west of Orlando. The population was 29,358 as of 2012. The city is essentially residential in character and its economy is centered in retail trade, lodging, and food and beverage establishments, which are tourism oriented. The historic downtown district is still much as it was around 1960. It is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The Florida Citrus Tower, one of the first constructed Florida landmarks, is located in Clermont. The tower celebrated its 50th anniversary in December 2006.
Clermont is located at 28°32′51″N 81°44′58″W / 28.5475°N 81.74944°W / 28.5475; -81.74944 (28.547584, -81.749519).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 11.5 square miles (30 km²). 10.5 square miles (27 km²) of it is land and 1.0 square mile (2.6 km²) of it (8.54%) is water.
The Clermont area has rolling hills. It is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The annual average variations of various measurements are indicated:

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Cleveland, OH
Cleveland ( /ˈkliːvlənd/) is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and is the county seat of Cuyahoga County, the most populous county in the state. The city is located in northeastern Ohio on the southern shore of Lake Erie, approximately 60 miles (97 km) west of the Pennsylvania border. It was founded in 1796 near the mouth of the Cuyahoga River, and became a manufacturing center owing to its location on the lake shore, as well as being connected to numerous canals and railroad lines. Cleveland's economy has diversified sectors that include manufacturing, financial services, healthcare, and biomedical. Cleveland is home to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
As of the 2010 Census, the city proper had a total population of 396,815 and was the 45th largest city in the United States, and the second largest city in Ohio. It is the center of Greater Cleveland, the largest metropolitan area in Ohio. The Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor Metropolitan Statistical Area in 2011 ranked as the 28th largest in the United States with 2,068,283 people. Cleveland is part of the larger Cleveland-Akron-Elyria Combined Statistical Area, which in 2011 had a population of 2,871,084, and ranked as the country's 15th largest.

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Cloquet, MN
Cloquet (ⁱ/kloʊˈkeɪ/ kloh-KAY) is a city in Carlton County, Minnesota, United States, located at the junction of Interstate 35 and Minnesota State Highway 33. A portion of the city lies within the Fond du Lac Indian Reservation and also serves as one of three administrative centers for the Indian Reservation. The population was 12,124 at the 2010 census.
Cloquet is located on the St. Louis River.
Cloquet was incorporated as a , with a mayor and city council, in 1904.
The area was the site of the 1918 Cloquet Fire, which destroyed much of the town and killed approximately 500 people.
Cloquet is famed in American economic history because before and after the Second World War it was home of the strongest consumers cooperative of the country. The Cloquet Coöperative Society (founded 1910) operated two cooperative stores which handled food, hardware, shoes, drygoods, and furniture. Other cooperative services included a building supply store, a coal yard, a mortuary, an auto repair shop and a gas service station.

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Costa Rica
Costa Rica is a country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and the Caribbean Sea to the east.
Costa Rica, which means "Rich Coast", constitutionally abolished its army permanently in 1949. It is the only Latin American country included in the list of the world's 22 older democracies. Costa Rica has consistently been among the top Latin American countries in the Human Development Index (HDI), ranked 69th in the world in 2011. Also was cited by the UNDP in 2010 as one of the countries that have attained much higher human development than other countries at the same income levels, and in 2011 was highlighted by UNDP for being a good performer on environmental sustainability, and better record on human development and inequality than the median of their region. It was also the only country to meet all five criteria established to measure environmental sustainability. The country is ranked fifth in the world, and first among the Americas, in terms of the 2012 Environmental Performance Index.

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Dallas, TX
Dallas ( /ˈdæləs/) is the third-largest city in the state of Texas and the ninth-largest in the United States. The Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex is the largest metropolitan area in the South and fourth-largest metropolitan area in the United States. Divided between Collin, Dallas, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties, the city had a population of 1,197,816 in 2010, according to the United States Census Bureau.
The city is the largest economic center of the 12-county Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington metropolitan area (the DFW MSA) that according to the March 2010 U.S. Census Bureau release, had a population of 6,371,773. The metroplex economy is the sixth largest in the United States, with a 2010 gross metropolitan product of $374 billion.
Dallas was founded in 1841 and was formally incorporated as a city in February 1856. The city's economy is primarily based on banking, commerce, telecommunications, computer technology, energy, healthcare and medical research, transportation and logistics. The city is home to the third largest concentration of Fortune 500 companies in the nation. Located in North Texas and a major city in the American South, Dallas is the main core of the largest inland metropolitan area in the United States that lacks any navigable link to the sea.

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Denver, CO
Denver ( /ˈdɛnvər/) (Arapaho: Niinéniiniicíihéhe' ) is the largest city and the capital of the U.S. state of Colorado. As Denver County, it is the second most populous county in Colorado after El Paso County, which surpassed Denver County as of the 2010 Census. Denver is a consolidated city-county, located in the South Platte River Valley on the western edge of the High Plains just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains. The Denver downtown district is located immediately east of the confluence of Cherry Creek with the South Platte River, approximately 12 miles (19 km) east of the foothills of the Rocky Mountains. Denver is nicknamed the Mile-High City because its official elevation is exactly one mile (1.6 km) or 5,280 feet (1,609.344 m) above sea level, which is defined by the elevation of the spot of a benchmark on the steps of the State Capital building. The elevation of the entire city ranges from 5,130 to 5,680 feet. The 105th meridian west of Greenwich passes through Union Station and is the temporal reference for the Mountain Time Zone.

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Douglasville, GA
The city of Douglasville is the county seat of Douglas County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 30,961. Douglasville is located approximately 20 miles west of Atlanta, Georgia and is included in the Atlanta Metro Area.
Highway access can be obtained via five interchanges along Interstate 20.
Located at a natural rise in the topography, Douglasville was originally known as Skint Chestnut. The name derived from a large tree used by Indians as a landmark, which was stripped of its bark so as to be more conspicuous.
The Town of Douglasville was established by the Georgia General Assembly on February 25, 1875. The boundaries were as follows: The center shall be a point directly opposite the court house in said town, on the Georgia Western Railroad, thence running along the center of said road each way three-fourths of a mile, and extending one half mile each way from the center of said road, the form of said territory to be an oblong square.
An election was held on the first Saturday in March, 1875, and a mayor, treasurer, records (secretary), and marshal were chosen.

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Elberton, GA
Elberton is the largest city in Elbert County, Georgia, United States. The population was 4,743 at the 2000 census. The city is the county seat of Elbert County and serves as a hub for industry and small business in Northeast Georgia. Founded in 1803, Elberton is known as the "Granite Capital of the World."
Elberton is located at 34°6′35″N 82°51′56″W / 34.10972°N 82.86556°W / 34.10972; -82.86556 (34.109628, -82.865669).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.0 square miles (10 km²), of which, 3.96 square miles (10.3 km²) of it is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km²) of it (0.50%) is water.
Elberton operates under a Council-Manager form of government. In this style of government, the city manager is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the city, the five-person elected council serves as a board of directors, and the mayor performs more ceremonial duties and presides over council meetings, although Elberton mayors have traditionally taken a more active role in running the city.

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Eliot, ME
Eliot is a town in York County, Maine, United States. The population was 6,204 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Portland–South Portland–Biddeford, Maine metropolitan statistical area.
Eliot is home to Littlebrook Airpark and the Raitt Homestead Farm Museum.
Originally part of the Piscataqua Plantation (renamed Kittery in 1647) called Sturgeon Creek in the 1630-40s, it became the North, or Second, Parish of Kittery in 1713 following the incorporation of Berwick. On March 1, 1810, Eliot became a town. The town was either named after Robert Eliot, who was a member of the Provincial Council of New Hampshire, or for Reverend John Eliot of Boston, a friend of General Andrew P. Fernald, the town agent largely responsible for its separation.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 21.3 square miles (55 km²), of which, 19.7 square miles (51 km²) of it is land and 1.5 square miles (3.9 km²) of it (7.29%) is water. Eliot is drained by Sturgeon Creek and the Piscataqua River.

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Ennis, MT
Ennis is a town in Madison County, Montana, United States, in the southwestern part of the state. The population was 840 at the 2000 census. The elevation of Ennis is 4,941 feet (1,506 m) above sea level. U.S. Route 287 runs through town, following the Madison River as it descends from West Yellowstone. Just downstream from town is Ennis Lake, formed by the Madison Dam.
Prior to the arrival of Europeans, the Shoshone, Flathead, and Bannock tribes hunted the Madison Valley each spring. The Lewis and Clark Expedition viewed the Madison Valley in July 1805 from Three Forks, prior to ascending the Jefferson. It can be assumed that some of their party came through Ennis on their journey.
In 1863, gold was discovered in Alder Gulch. This brought on "the rush." Two months later, William Ennis homesteaded the site along the Madison River that was soon to become the town of Ennis, his namesake.
Ennis is located at 45°20′46″N 111°43′56″W / 45.34611°N 111.73222°W / 45.34611; -111.73222 (45.346230, -111.732259).

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Fairfax, VA
The City of Fairfax is an independent city forming an enclave within the confines of Fairfax County, Virginia in the United States. Although politically independent of the surrounding county, the City is nevertheless the county seat. Situated in the Northern Virginia region, Fairfax forms part of the Washington Metropolitan Area.
The population was 22,565 as of the 2010 Census. In May 2009, the City of Fairfax was ranked No. 3 in the "Top 25 Places to Live Well" by Forbes Magazine. Forbes commended Fairfax for its strong public school system, high median salary, and a rate of sole proprietors per capita that ranks it in the top 1% nationwide.
While the city is the county seat, a small unincorporated portion of the County comprising the courthouse complex, the jail, and a small area nearby is itself an enclave within the city. Fairfax County's Government Center is west of the City of Fairfax in an unincorporated area.
The city gets its name from Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron, who was awarded five million acres (20,000 km²) in land located in Northern Virginia by King Charles. The area the City of Fairfax now encompasses was settled in the early 18th century by farmers from Virginia's Tidewater region.

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Frederick, MD
Frederick is a city in north-central Maryland. It is the county seat of Frederick County, the largest county by area in the state of Maryland. Frederick is an outlying community of the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of a greater Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia, DC-MD-VA-WV Combined Statistical Area. The city's population was 65,239 people at the 2010 census, making it the second largest incorporated area in Maryland behind Baltimore.
Frederick is home to Frederick Municipal Airport (FDK), which primarily accommodates general aviation traffic, and to the U.S. Army's Fort Detrick, the largest employer in the county. Frederick is also home to BP Solar, which was one of the largest private employers in the county until 2010, when BP Solar laid off hundreds of employees due to setbacks. The economy is recovering with an upsurge in the bioresearch sciences.
“Frederick Town” was laid out by Daniel Dulany — a land speculator — in 1745; it was settled by a German immigrant party led by a young German Reformed schoolmaster from the Rhineland Palatinate named Johann Thomas Schley (d. 1790), who came to the Maryland colony with his wife, Maria Winz. Schley built the first house of the new town; as late as the 20th century, it stood at the northwest corner of Middle Alley and East Patrick Street. The settlement was founded upon a tract of land granted by Dulany on the banks of Carroll Creek. Within three years, the settlement had become the county seat of Frederick County. It is uncertain which Frederick the town was named for, but the likeliest candidates are Frederick Calvert, 6th Baron Baltimore (one of the proprietors of Maryland), Frederick Lewis, Prince of Wales, and Frederick "The Great" of Prussia. Most sources favor Calvert^{[citation needed]}.

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Gardena, CA
Gardena is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The population was 58,829 at the 2010 census, up from 57,746 at the 2000 census.
Gardena is located at 33°53′37″N 118°18′28″W / 33.89361°N 118.30778°W / 33.89361; -118.30778 (33.893615, -118.307841).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.9 square miles (15 km²), over 99% of which is land.
Gardena is bordered by Athens on the north, the Los Angeles neighborhood of Harbor Gateway on the east and south, Torrance on the southwest, Alondra Park on the west, and Hawthorne on the northwest.
Based on archaeological findings, Tongva Indians hunted and fished in the area of today's Gardena. The Tongva Indians — also known as Gabrielino Indians — are probably descendants of those who crossed from Asia to North America around 10,000 years ago.

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Gibsonton, FL
Gibsonton is an unincorporated census-designated place in Hillsborough County, Florida, United States. The population was 14,234 at the 2010 census.
Gibsonton was famous as a sideshow wintering town, where various people in the carnival business would spend the off season placing it near the winter home for Ringling Brothers Circus at Tampa, Sarasota and Venice in various times[1]. It was home to Percilla the Monkey girl, the Anatomical Wonder, and the Lobster Boy. Siamese twin sisters ran a fruit stand here. At one time, it was the only post office with a counter for dwarves. Aside from the agreeable winter climate, Gibsonton offered unique circus zoning laws that allowed residents to keep elephants and circus trailers on their front lawns.
Gibsonton is located at 27°50′16″N 82°22′27″W / 27.83778°N 82.37417°W / 27.83778; -82.37417 (27.837894, -82.374070).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the community has a total area of 13.7 square miles (35 km²), of which 12.9 square miles (33 km²) is land and 0.8 square miles (2.1 km²), or 6.14%, is water.

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Glendale, WI
Glendale is a city in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 13,367 at the 2000 census.
Glendale is located at 43°7′48″N 87°55′40″W / 43.13°N 87.92778°W / 43.13; -87.92778 (43.130060, -87.927719).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 6.0 square miles (15.5 km²), of which, 5.8 square miles (15.0 km²) of it is land and 0.2 square miles (0.5 km²) of it (3.18%) is water.
Glendale was incorporated on December 28, 1950 from portions of the Town of Milwaukee. It began to develop rapidly in the 1950s, reflecting post-World War II metropolitan growth and migration patterns throughout the United States. Bayshore Town Center (formerly called Bayshore Mall) was established on the eastern border of the city in 1954.
Unlike other northshore suburbs of Milwaukee, Glendale has a mix of industry and commercial sites in addition to residential areas. The southern areas of the city have mainly industrial and higher density residential sites, while the north features medium to lower density residential plots. Interstate 43 divides the city into east and west sections. Nicolet High School is also located in Glendale and serves the city, along with the suburbs of Fox Point, Bayside, and River Hills. Glendale has begun an ambitious campaign to attract business and population growth. Major roads have undergone massive streetscaping projects, Bayshore Town Center has undergone a multi-million dollar renovation, and the Glendale Business Park continues to welcome high tech clients.

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Highlands Ranch, CO
Highlands Ranch is a census-designated place (CDP) in Douglas County, Colorado, United States. The population was 96,713 at the 2010 census; it is one of the most populous unincorporated communities in the United States. The Littleton Post Office (ZIP Codes 80126, 80129, 80130, and 80163) serves Highlands Ranch.
Highlands Ranch is located at 39°32′40″N 104°58′5″W / 39.54444°N 104.96806°W / 39.54444; -104.96806 (39.544549, -104.968080).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 23.5 square miles (61 km²), of which, 23.5 square miles (61 km²) of it is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km²) of it (0.09%) is water.
As of the census of 2000, there were 70,931 people, 24,544 households, and 19,744 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 3,015.4 people per square mile (1,164.4/km²). There were 25,421 housing units at an average density of 1,080.7 per square mile (417.3/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 94.78% White, 0.33% Native American, 4.03% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 0.02% from other races, 1.01% African American, and 0.76% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.42% of the population.

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Humble, TX
Humble ( /ˈʌmbəl/) is a city in Harris County, Texas, within the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown metropolitan area.
As of the 2000 census, the city population was 14,579. The city shares a zip code with the small Houston neighborhood of Bordersville, although people who live in Bordersville still have Humble addresses.
Petroleum has been the basis of Humble's economy since its beginning. The city was the namesake for Humble Oil and Refining Company, which later merged with the Exxon corporation.
The first settlers began moving into the Humble area in the early 19th century. Joseph Dunman was thought to be the first person to settle here and was believed to have arrived in 1828. A ferry was built nearby, over the San Jacinto River, and the area of Humble became a center for commercial activity due to the region's large Oil industry.
The city got its name from one of the original founders/settlers, Pleasant Smith "Plez" Humble, who opened the first post office in his home and later served as justice of the peace. In 1883 a city directory reported that he operated a fruit stand. In 1885, he was a wood dealer, and in 1900, the District 99, Justice Pct. 4, Harris Co., Texas Census reports his occupation as attorney at law.

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Huntington Beach, CA
Huntington Beach is a seaside city in Orange County in Southern California. According to the 2010 census, the city population was 189,992; making it the largest beach city in Orange County in terms of population. The estimate for 2011 shows that the population has grown to 191,489. It is bordered by the Pacific Ocean on the southwest, by Seal Beach on the northwest, by Costa Mesa on the east, by Newport Beach on the southeast, by Westminster on the north, and by Fountain Valley on the northeast.
Huntington Beach (aka HB) is known for its long 8.5-mile (13.7 km) stretch of sandy beach, mild climate, excellent surfing and beach culture. The ocean waves are enhanced by a natural effect caused by the edge-diffraction of open ocean swells around the island of Catalina. Swells generated predominantly from the North Pacific in Winter and from a combination of Southern Hemisphere storms and hurricanes in the Summer focus on Huntington Beach creating consistent surf all year long thus giving HB the title 'Surf City, USA'.

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Jacksonville, FL
Jacksonville (often called Jax), is the largest city in the U.S. state of Florida in terms of both population and land area, and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. It is the county seat of Duval County, with which the city government consolidated in 1968. The consolidation gave Jacksonville its great size and placed most of its metropolitan population within the city limits; with a population of 821,784, it is the most populous city proper in Florida and the Southeast, and the eleventh most populous in the United States. Jacksonville is the principal city in the Greater Jacksonville Metropolitan Area, with a population of 1,345,596 in 2010.
Jacksonville is in the First Coast region of northeast Florida and is centered on the banks of the St. Johns River, about 25 miles (40 km) south of the Georgia state line and about 340 miles (547 km) north of Miami. The Jacksonville Beaches communities are along the adjacent Atlantic coast. The area was originally inhabited by the Timucua people, and in 1564 was the site of the French colony of Fort Caroline, one of the earliest European settlements in what is now the continental United States. Under British rule, settlement grew at the narrow point in the river where cattle crossed, known as Wacca Pilatka to the Seminole and Cowford to the British. A platted town was established there in 1822, a year after the United States acquired the colony of Florida from Spain; it was named after Andrew Jackson, the first military governor of the Florida Territory and seventh President of the United States.

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Kansas City, MO
Kansas City, Missouri (informally abbreviated KC) is the largest city in the US state of Missouri and is the anchor city of the Kansas City Metropolitan Area, the second largest metropolitan area in Missouri. It encompasses 316 square miles (820 km²) in parts of Jackson, Clay, Cass, and Platte counties. It is one of two county seats of Jackson County, the other being Independence, which is to the city's east. As of 2010, the population census was 459,787 with a metro area of 2.1 million. Kansas City was founded in 1838 as the "Town of Kansas" at the confluence of the Missouri and Kansas rivers and was incorporated in its present form in 1850. Situated opposite Kansas City, Kansas, the city was the location of several battles during the Civil War, including the Battle of Westport. The city is well known for its contributions to the musical styles of jazz and blues as well as to cuisine, notably Kansas City-style barbecue. In March 2012, Downtown Kansas City was selected as one of America's Best downtowns by Forbes magazine for its rich culture in arts, numerous fountains, upscale shopping and various local cuisine – most notably barbecue.

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Kauai, Hawaii
Kauaʻi or Kauai ( /kə.ˈwaɪ.iː/; Hawaiian: [kɔuˈwɐʔi]), known as Tauaʻi in the ancient Kaua'i dialect, is geologically the oldest of the main Hawaiian Islands. With an area of 562.3 square miles (1,456.4 km²), it is the fourth largest of the main islands in the Hawaiian archipelago, and the 21st largest island in the United States. Known also as the "Garden Isle", Kauaʻi lies 105 miles (169 km) across the Kauaʻi Channel, northwest of Oʻahu. This island is the site of Waimea Canyon State Park.
The United States Census Bureau defines Kauaʻi as Census Tracts 401 through 409 of Kauaʻi County, Hawaiʻi, which is all of the county except for the islands of Kaʻula, Lehua, and Niʻihau. The 2000 census population of Kauaʻi (the island) was 58,303.
Native Hawaiian tradition indicates the name's origin in the legend of Hawaiʻiloa — the Polynesian navigator attributed with discovery of the Hawaiian Islands. The story relates how he named the island of Kauaʻi after a favorite son; therefore a possible translation of Kauaʻi is "place around the neck", meaning how a father would carry a favorite child. Another possible translation is "food season."

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La Paz, Mexico
La Paz (Spanish pronunciation: [la ˈpas], The Peace) is the capital city of the Mexican state of Baja California Sur and an important regional commercial center. The city had a 2010 census population of 215,178 persons, but its metropolitan population is somewhat larger because of surrounding towns like el Centenario, el Zacatal and San Pedro. Its surrounding municipality, which is the fourth-largest municipality in Mexico in geographical size, reported a population of 251,871 persons living on a land area of 20,275 km² (7,828 sq mi).
La Paz was first inhabited by Neolithic hunter-gatherers at least 10,000 years ago who left traces of their existence in the form of rock paintings near the city and throughout the Baja California peninsula. On May 3, 1535, Hernán Cortés arrived in the bay by La Paz and named it Santa Cruz; he attempted to start a colony but abandoned his efforts after several years due to logistical problems. In 1596 Sebastián Vizcaíno arrived, giving the area its modern name, La Paz.

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Lake Forest, CA
Lake Forest is a city in Orange County, California. The population was 77,264 at the 2010 census.
Lake Forest incorporated as a city on December 20, 1991. Prior to a vote of the residents in that year, the community had formerly been known as El Toro since the 1880s. Since being incorporated, Lake Forest has expanded its limits to include the communities of Foothill Ranch and Portola Hills. Foothill Ranch and Portola Hills are master planned developments that brought new homes and commercial centers to the Eastern boundary of Lake Forest throughout the 1990s. Lake Forest (along with its neighboring cities Mission Viejo and Irvine) is ranked as one of the safest cities in the country. The private research firm Morgan Quitno ranked Lake Forest as the 15th safest city and another firm later ranked Lake Forest 10th in 2007 in the United States.
The city has two "lakes" from which the city gets its name. The lakes are man-made, and condominiums and custom homes ranging from large to small line their shores. The Lake Forest Beach and Tennis Club and Sun and Sail Club feature tennis courts, gyms, basketball courts, barbecue pits, volleyball courts, multiple swimming pools, saunas, hot tubs and club houses for social events. The "forest" for which the city is also named lies in the area between Ridge Route, Jeronimo, Lake Forest and Serrano roads, and consists mostly of Eucalyptus trees. It began in the 1900s when a local landowner, Dwight Whiting, planted 400 acres (1.6 km²) of Eucalyptus groves in the vicinity of Serrano Creek as part of a lumber operation. In the late 1960s, the Occidental Petroleum company developed a residential community in and around the Eucalyptus groves which had long since expanded and grown much more dense.

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Laramie, WY
Laramie is a city in and the county seat of Albany County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 27,204 at the 2000 census. Located on the Laramie River in southeastern Wyoming, the city is west of Cheyenne, at the junction of Interstate 80 and U.S. Route 287.
Laramie was settled in the mid-19th century along the Union Pacific Railroad line, which crosses the Laramie River at Laramie. It is home to the University of Wyoming, Wyoming Technical Institute, and a branch of Laramie County Community College. Laramie Regional Airport serves Laramie. The ruins of Fort Sanders, an army fort predating Laramie, lie just south of the city along Route 287. Located in the Laramie Valley between the Snowy Range and the Laramie Range, the city draws outdoor enthusiasts because of its abundance of outdoor activities.
In 2011, Laramie was named as one of the best cities to retire by Money Magazine due to its scenic location, low taxes and educational opportunities.
Laramie takes its name from Jacques LaRamie, a French or French-Canadian trapper who disappeared in the Laramie Mountains in the late 1810s and was never heard from again. He was one of the first Europeans to visit the area, and his name was given to a river, mountain range, peak, US Army fort, county, and city. More Wyoming landmarks are named for him than any other trapper but Jim Bridger.

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Las Vegas Valley
The Las Vegas Valley is a metropolitan area in the southern part of the US state of Nevada, and is the heart of the Las Vegas–Paradise, NV MSA also known as the Las Vegas–Paradise–Henderson MSA which includes all of Clark County, Nevada. The Valley is defined by the Las Vegas Valley landform, a 600 sq mi (1,600 km²) basin area that contains the largest concentration of people in the state. The history of the Valley significantly intertwines with the history of the city of Las Vegas and one of the two primary cities (as used by the census bureau) in the MSA, with the other being Paradise. The valley is home to the three largest incorporated cities in Nevada: Las Vegas, Henderson and North Las Vegas.
The names Las Vegas and Vegas are used to indicate the valley, the strip, the city and are used as a brand by the Las Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority and used to denominate the entire region. The metropolitan area's population was at 741,459 in 1990. The population was approximately 2 million in 2010 (estimated). The valley is an area generally defined by the Spring Mountains on the west, Sheep Mountains to the north, Muddy Mountains and Lake Mead to the east, and the Black Mountains to the south.^{[citation needed]}

wn.com/Las_Vegas_Valley
Leominster, MA
Leominster ( /ˈlɛmənstər/ LEM-ən-stər) is a city in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. It is the second-largest city in Worcester County, with a population of 40,759 at the 2010 census. Leominster is located north of Worcester and west of Boston. Both Route 2 and Route 12 pass through Leominster. Interstate 190, Route 13, and Route 117 all have starting/ending points in Leominster. Leominster is bounded by Fitchburg and Lunenburg to the north, Lancaster to the east, Sterling and Princeton to the south, and Westminster to the west.
Before European settlement, various divisions of the Pennacook or Nipmuc tribes inhabited the area, with a settlement nearby called Nashua. Leominster was first settled in 1653 as part of the town of Lancaster. The settlers of Lancaster lived in peace with the Native Americans for more than years, until the start of King Philip's War in 1675. Many of Lancaster's inhabitants were either killed or fled the town. Once the fighting had ceased, the town was left virtually deserted. In an effort to bring people back, a new grant of land (containing what is now Leominster and Sterling) was offered to the former residents. To avoid further hostilities with the Native Americans, a negotiation with Chief Sholan of the Nashaway tribe resulted in one of the only parcels of land in central Massachusetts to be legally purchased. The first house was built in 1724, and by 1740 Leominster had gained enough inhabitants to be officially incorporated into a town.

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Lithonia, GA
Lithonia is a city in eastern DeKalb County, Georgia, United States. Lithonia's population was 1,924 at the 2010 census.
Lithonia is located at 33°42′46″N 84°6′21″W / 33.71278°N 84.10583°W / 33.71278; -84.10583 (33.712658, -84.105897).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.8 square miles (2.1 km²), all land.
"Lithonia" means "city/town of stone". Lithonia is in the heart of the Georgian granite-quarrying and viewing region, hence the name of the town, from the Greek λίθος lithos, for stone. The huge nearby granite dome, Stone Mountain, is composed largely of a rock called Lithonia gneiss, a form of granite. Lithonia is in the Atlanta metropolitan area.

Lithonia is home to the Lithonia Lighting Company, a manufacturer of household light fixtures, which was founded in the city in 1946.
It is also home to New Birth Missionary Baptist Church, a megachurch which is known for many high-profile funerals, including those of Coretta Scott King, wife of civil rights leader Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and of singer Lisa Lopes (also known as "Lefteye"), member of the R&B group TLC. She is buried in a small memorial cemetery two minutes away from the church. New Birth was recently in the national news when its pastor was accused of misconduct between himself and several young boys he has acquainted himself with. The case has since been settled under a money settlement in which all parties involved have agreed to drop the charges.^{[citation needed]}

wn.com/Lithonia,_GA
Little Rock, AR
Little Rock is the capital and the largest city of the U.S. state of Arkansas. The Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) had a population of 709,901 people in the 2011 census. The MSA is in turn included in the Little Rock–North Little Rock–Pine Bluff, Arkansas Combined Statistical Area, which had a population of 886,992 in the 2011 census, making it the 47th largest combined statistical area in America. As of the 2010 US Census, Little Rock had a population of 193,524, making it the 118th largest city in America. It is the county seat of Pulaski County.
Located near the geographic center of Arkansas, Little Rock derives its name from a small rock formation on the south bank of the Arkansas River called la Petite Roche (French: "the little rock"). The "little rock" was used by early river traffic as a landmark and became a well-known river crossing. The "little rock" is across the river from "big rock", a large bluff at the edge of the river, which was once used as a rock quarry.
There have been two ships of the United States Navy named after the city, including USS Little Rock (LCS-9).

wn.com/Little_Rock,_AR
Littleton, CO
Littleton is a Home Rule Municipality contained in Arapahoe, Douglas, and Jefferson counties in the U.S. state of Colorado. Littleton is a suburb of the Denver-Aurora Metropolitan Statistical Area. Littleton is the county seat of Arapahoe County and the 20th most populous city in the state of Colorado. The population was 41,737 at the 2010 census.
The city of Littleton's history dates back to the 1859 Pike's Peak Gold Rush, which brought not only gold seekers, but merchants and farmers to the community. Richard Sullivan Little was an engineer from New Hampshire that made his way out west to work on irrigation systems. Little quickly fell in love with the area that is present day Littleton and brought his wife Angeline out from the East in 1862. The Littles, along with many neighbors, built the Rough and Ready Flour Mill in 1867, which provided a solid economic base in the community. By 1890, the community had grown to 245 people and the residents voted to incorporate the Town of Littleton.

wn.com/Littleton,_CO
Los Angeles, CA
Los Angeles (ⁱ/lɒs ˈændʒələs/ loss-AN-jə-ləs; Spanish: [los ˈaŋxeles], which is written Los Ángeles; British pronounciation /lɒs ˈændʒəliːz/ loss-AN-jə-leez) with a population at the 2010 United States Census of 3,792,621, is the most populous city in the state of California, and the second most populous in the United States, after New York City. It has an area of 468.67 square miles (1,213.8 km²), and is located in Southern California. Often known by its initials L.A., the city is the focal point of the larger Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana metropolitan statistical area and Greater Los Angeles Area region, which contain 12,828,837 and nearly 18 million people respectively as of 2010, making it one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world and the second largest in the United States. Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated and one of the most ethnically diverse counties in the United States, while the entire Los Angeles area itself has been recognized as the most diverse of the nation's largest cities. The city's inhabitants are referred to as "Angelenos".

wn.com/Los_Angeles,_CA
Ludlow, MA
Ludlow is a town in Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 21,103 as of the 2010 census. It is located in western Massachusetts, north of Springfield, east of Chicopee, southeast of Granby, southwest of Belchertown, west of Wilbraham and is considered part of the Springfield Metropolitan Statistical Area. It has a sizable and visible Portuguese community.
Although plans were drawn up for settlement in 1685, the northeast partition of Springfield, Massachusetts was settled in 1751 as Stony Hill. However, the town was later renamed Ludlow and incorporated as a separate entity in 1774, just before the breakout of the American Revolution. For much of its early history the town was agrarian and today many of Ludlow's street names are derived from the names of these farming families (e.g. Chapin Street, Miller Street, Alden Street, Fuller Street). Ludlow was home to many sawmills and gristmills, utilizing the power from several sources of water nearby, including the Chicopee River, Broad Brook, Higher Brook, and Stony Brook. Before the Civil War, the town began to develop into a New England mill town. This included the manufacturing of glass bottles by the many glassware companies, including John Sikes. The town of Ludlow was possibly named after Roger Ludlow or named after Ludlow in England.

wn.com/Ludlow,_MA
Macon, GA
Macon ( /ˈmeɪkən/) is a city located in central Georgia, US. Founded at the fall line of the Ocmulgee River, it is part of the Macon metropolitan area, and the county seat of Bibb County. A small portion of the city extends into Jones County. Macon is the largest city in central Georgia. It lies near the geographic center of Georgia, approximately 85 miles (136 km) south of Atlanta, hence the city's nickname as the Heart of Georgia. As of the 2010 Census, Macon had a population of 91,351; in terms of population, Macon is the seventh-largest city in Georgia (just after Sandy Springs).
The city has several institutions of higher education, as well as numerous museums and tourism sites. The area is served by the Middle Georgia Regional Airport and the Herbert Smart Downtown Airport. The current mayor of Macon is Robert Reichert, a former Democratic member of the Georgia House of Representatives. Ronnie Thompson, served from 1967–1975 and achieved some national recognition. He was the first of two Republicans to have been elected as mayor, the other being George Israel (1979–1987).

wn.com/Macon,_GA
Maitland, FL
Maitland is a suburban city in Orange County, Florida, United States, part of the Greater Metro Orlando area. The population was 12,019 at the 2000 census. As of 2006, the population recorded by the U.S. Census Bureau is 14,172^[1]. Maitland is home to the nationally recognized and Central Florida's only full time independent movie theater, Enzian Theater, itself home to the Florida Film Festival. Maitland is also home to the Art & History Museums - Maitland, which includes the Maitland Art Center (formerly the Research Studio, 1937), which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places for its unique Mayan Revival and Fantasy Architecture, the Maitland Historical Museum, the Telephone Museum, the William H. Waterhouse House Museum, and the Carpentry Shop Museum. In addition, in August 2005 the Maitland Little League team made it to the semifinals of the 2005 Little League World Series.[2]
Maitland is one of the oldest incorporated suburban municipalities in Central Florida. Although the area was previously inhabited by native Americans, the town is named after Fort Maitland which was built in 1838 on the western shore of Lake Fumecheliga (later Lake Maitland) during the Second Seminole Indian War. After the war the fort was torn down and the settlement remained. This settlement came to be called Maitland. After the civil war, the area was put into extensive citrus production. [3]

wn.com/Maitland,_FL
Menomonee Falls, WI
Menomonee Falls is a village in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, United States, and is part of the Greater Milwaukee area. The population was 35,626 at the 2010 census, making it the most populous village in Wisconsin. It is the fourth largest community in Waukesha County. The village's motto is "More than a village," referring to the excellence of its community and the fact that it is Wisconsin's largest village.

The village was incorporated in 1892. It was named after the Menomonee River, which flows through the village and subsequent waterfall which is showcased in the heart of the community.
Menomonee Falls has a governing body consisting of a Board President and a six-member Board of Trustees. The current Village Board President is Randy Newman.The Trustees are: Sharon Ellis, Dennis M. Farrell, James A. Jeskewitz, Michael K. McDonald, Stephen C. Raymonds, Jeffrey R. Steliga.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 33.3 square miles (86 km²). 99.97% of it is land and 0.03% is water.

wn.com/Menomonee_Falls,_WI
Omaha, NE
Omaha /ˈoʊməhɑː/ is the largest city in the state of Nebraska, United States, and is the county seat of Douglas County. It is located in the Midwestern United States on the Missouri River, about 20 miles (30 km) north of the mouth of the Platte River. Omaha is the anchor of the Omaha-Council Bluffs metropolitan area, which includes Council Bluffs, Iowa, across the Missouri River from Omaha.
According to the 2010 Census, Omaha's population was 408,958, making it the nation's 42nd-largest city. Including its suburbs, Omaha formed the 60th-largest metropolitan area in the United States in 2010, with an estimated population of 877,110 residing in eight counties. There are more than 1.2 million residents within a 50-mile (80-km) radius of the city's center, forming the Greater Omaha area.
Omaha's pioneer period began in 1854 when the city was founded by speculators from neighboring Council Bluffs, Iowa. The city was founded along the Missouri River, and a crossing called Lone Tree Ferry earned the city its nickname, the "Gateway to the West." It introduced this new West to the world when in 1898 it played host to the World's Fair, dubbed the Trans-Mississippi Exposition. During the 19th century, Omaha's central location in the United States spurred the city to become an important national transportation hub. Throughout the rest of the 19th century, the transportation and jobbing sectors were important in the city, along with its railroads and breweries. In the 20th century, the Omaha Stockyards, once the world's largest, and its meatpacking plants, gained international prominence.

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Orange Beach, AL
Orange Beach is a city in Baldwin County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 3,784. It is part of the Daphne–Fairhope–Foley Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Orange Beach is located at 30°17'29.411" North, 87°33'43.146" West (30.291503, -87.561985).
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 11.4 square miles (30 km²), of which 10.4 square miles (27 km²) is land and 1.0 square mile (2.6 km²) (8.69%) is water.
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,784 people, 1,779 households, and 1,090 families residing in the city. The population density was 363.9 per square mile (140.5 /km²). There were 7,594 housing units at an average density of 730.3 per square mile (282.0 /km²). The racial makeup of the city was 94.82% White, 0.37% Black or African American, 0.69% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 2.03% from other races, and 1.88% from two or more races. 2.77% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 1,779 households out of which 20.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.7% were non-families. 30.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.13 and the average family size was 2.61.

wn.com/Orange_Beach,_AL
Orlando, FL
Orlando (/ɔrˈlændoʊ/) is a city in the central region of the U.S. state of Florida. It is the county seat of Orange County, and the center of the Greater Orlando metropolitan area. According to the 2010 US Census, the city had a population of 238,300, making Orlando the 79th largest city in the United States. The Greater Orlando metropolitan area has a population of 2,134,411, making it the 26th largest metro area in the United States, the sixth largest metro area in the Southeastern United States, and the third largest metro area in Florida. Orlando is the fifth largest city in Florida, and the state's largest inland city.
Orlando is nicknamed "The City Beautiful" and its symbol is the fountain at Lake Eola. The current mayor is Buddy Dyer. The city is best known for the Walt Disney World Resort (located approximately 21 miles (34 km) southwest of Downtown Orlando in Lake Buena Vista), founded by the Walt Disney Company in 1971, and for the Universal Orlando Resort (which consists of two parks, Universal Studios Florida and Islands of Adventure, as well as other attractions, including City Walk). Orlando is also home to the SeaWorld theme park, Gatorland, as well as Wet 'n Wild Water Park. With the exception of Walt Disney World, most major attractions are located along International Drive. The city's famous attractions form the backbone of Orlando's tourism industry, making the city the most visited American city in 2009. The city is also one of the busiest American cities for conferences and conventions. Like other major cities in the Sun Belt, Orlando grew rapidly during the 1980s and well into the first decade of the 21st century. Orlando is also home to the University of Central Florida, which is the second largest university in the United States in terms of enrollment (as of 2011).

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Pearland, TX
Pearland (pronounced "pear-land", like the fruit), is a city located along the Gulf Coast region in the US state of Texas within the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown metropolitan area and is in the counties of Brazoria, Fort Bend, and Harris. As of the census of 2000, the city's population was 37,640. As of 2008, Pearland is estimated to have a population of 90,700 according to city limit signs. The 2010 census returned a population of 91,252.
In 2007, Forbes Magazine ranked Pearland as the 34th fastest growing suburb in the nation. It is therefore the fastest growing suburb in the Greater Houston area, and the 10th fastest growing in the state of Texas.
Pearland is located at 29°33′16″N 95°17′45″W / 29.55444°N 95.29583°W / 29.55444; -95.29583 (29.554349, −95.295959).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 39.4 square miles (101.9 km²), of which, 39.3 square miles (101.9 km²) of it is land and 0.04 square miles (0.1 km²) of it (0.08%) is water.
In 2009 the city said that the city limits had 48 square miles (120 km²) and that the combined area of the city limits and of nearby unincorporated areas, including Country Place and Silverlake, was 72 square miles (190 km²).

wn.com/Pearland,_TX
Phoenix, AZ
Phoenix ( /ˈfiːnɪks/ FEE-niks; O'odham: Ski:kigk; Yavapai: Wathinka or Wakatehe; Western Apache: Fiinigis; Navajo: Hoozdoh; Mojave: Hachpa 'Anya Nyava) is the capital, and largest city, of the U.S. state of Arizona, as well as the sixth most populous city in the United States. Phoenix is home to 1,445,632 people according to the official 2010 U.S. Census Bureau data. It is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area (also known as the Valley of the Sun), and is the 12th largest metro area by population in the United States with about 4.2 million people in 2010. In addition, Phoenix is the county seat of Maricopa County, and is one of the largest cities in the United States by land area. Phoenix is the largest capital city in the United States and the only state capital with over 1,000,000 people.
Phoenix was incorporated as a city in 1881, after being founded in 1861 near the Salt River, close to the confluence with the Gila River. The city has a notable and famous political culture and has been home to numerous influential American politicians and other dignitaries, including Barry Goldwater, William Rehnquist, John McCain, Carl Hayden, and Sandra Day O'Connor. Residents of the city are known as Phoenicians.

wn.com/Phoenix,_AZ
Plano, TX
Plano ( /ˈpleɪnoʊ/) is a city in the state of Texas, located mostly within Collin County. The city's population was 259,841 at the 2010 census, making it the ninth-largest city in Texas (Corpus Christi is ranked at #8 and Laredo is ranked at #10) and the 71st most populous city in the United States. Plano is located within the metropolitan area commonly referred to as the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. The city is home to many corporate headquarters: Alliance Data, Cinemark Theatres, Dell Services, Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Ericsson, Frito-Lay, HP Enterprise Services, Huawei, J. C. Penney, Pizza Hut, Rent-A-Center, Traxxas, and Siemens PLM Software.
In 2005, Plano was designated the best place to live in the Western United States by CNN Money magazine. In 2006, Plano was selected as the 11th best place to live in the United States by CNN Money magazine. Plano schools consistently score among the highest in the nation. It has been rated as the wealthiest city in the United States by CNN Money with a poverty rate of less than 6.4%. In 2008, Forbes.com selected Plano, University Park, and Highland Park as the three "Top Suburbs To Live Well" of Dallas. The United States Census Bureau declared Plano the wealthiest city of 2008 by comparing the median household income for all U.S. cities whose populations were greater than 250,000. The annual Plano Balloon Festival and the Plano International Festival are two of the city's premiere cultural and entertainment events. In October 2010, Forbes magazine named Plano the safest city to live in America with a population greater than 250,000. In December 2011, Plano once again topped the list of Forbes Magazine's safest cities in America.

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Portland, OR
Portland is a city located in the U.S. state of Oregon, near the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers. As of the 2010 Census, it had a population of 583,776, making it the 29th most populous city in the United States. Portland is Oregon's most populous city, and the third most populous city in the Pacific Northwest region, after Seattle, Washington and Vancouver, British Columbia. Approximately 2,260,000 people live in the Portland metropolitan area (MSA), the 23rd most populous in the United States.
Portland was incorporated in 1851 and is the county seat of Multnomah County. The city extends west into the Cedar Mill neighborhood in Washington County and south towards Lake Oswego in Clackamas County. With a commission-based government headed by a mayor and four other commissioners, the city and region are noted for strong land-use planning and investment in light rail, supported by Metro, a distinctive regional government. Because of its public transportation networks and efficient land use planning, Portland has been referred to as one of the most environmentally friendly, or "green", cities in the world.

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Poway, CA
Poway ( /ˈpaʊ.eɪ/) is a city in San Diego County, California. Originally an unincorporated community in San Diego County, Poway officially became a city in December 1980. Even though Poway lies geographically in the middle of San Diego County, most consider its relative location as north county inland. Poway's rural roots gave rise to its slogan "The City in the Country." As of the 2010 census the city had a population of 47,811. The ZIP code is 92064.
Poway is located at 32°58′12″N 117°2′19″W / 32.97°N 117.03861°W / 32.97; -117.03861 (32.969895, -117.038479). which lies north of the city of San Diego and south of the city of Escondido. Some nearby communities of San Diego include Rancho Bernardo, Sabre Springs, Scripps Ranch, Rancho Penasquitos, and in the county to the east, the community of Ramona. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 39.3 square miles (102 km²). 39.2 square miles (102 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km²) of it (0.25%) is water.

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Raleigh, NC
Raleigh (pronounced /ˈrɔːli/, RAW-lee) is the capital and the second largest city in the state of North Carolina as well as the seat of Wake County. Raleigh is known as the "City of Oaks" for its many oak trees. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city's 2010 population was 403,892, over an area of 142.8 square miles (370 km²), making Raleigh currently the 43rd largest city in the United States. It is also one of the fastest growing cities in the country. The city of Raleigh is named after Sir Walter Raleigh, who established the lost Roanoke Colony on Roanoke Island in present-day Dare County, North Carolina.
Raleigh, Durham, and Chapel Hill make up the three primary cities of the Research Triangle metropolitan region. The regional nickname of "The Triangle" originated after the 1959 creation of the Research Triangle Park, primarily located in Durham County, four miles from downtown Durham. RTP is bordered on three sides by the city of Durham and is roughly midway between the cities of Raleigh and Chapel Hill, and three major research universities of NC State University, Duke University, and UNC-Chapel Hill.

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Riverside, CA
Riverside is a city in Riverside County, California, United States, and the county seat of the eponymous county. Named for its location beside the Santa Ana River, it is the largest city in the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario metropolitan area of Southern California, 4th largest inland California city after Fresno, Sacramento, and Bakersfield, and is located approximately 60 miles (97 km) east of Los Angeles. Riverside is the 61st most populous city in the United States and 12th most populous city in California. As of the 2010 Census, Riverside had a population of 303,871. The city spans 81 square miles (210 km²).
Riverside was founded in the early 1870s and is the birthplace of the California citrus industry as well as home of the Mission Inn, the largest Mission Revival Style building in the United States. It is also home to the Riverside National Cemetery.
The University of California, Riverside is located in the northeastern part of the city. The university also hosts the Riverside Sports Complex. Other attractions in Riverside include the Fox Performing Arts Center, Riverside Metropolitan Museum, which houses exhibits and artifacts of local history, the California Museum of Photography, the California Citrus State Historic Park, and the Parent Washington Navel Orange Tree, one of the two original navel orange trees in California.

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Rockwall, TX
Rockwall is a city in Rockwall County, Texas, United States, and a suburb of Dallas and part of the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex. It is the county seat of Rockwall County. As the second wealthiest county in the state of Texas in terms of median income, the majority of its residents enjoy a relatively high standard of living. The population was 37,490 at the 2010 census. The name Rockwall is derived from a naturally jointed geological formation, which has the appearance of an artificial wall.

The area of Rockwall was originally occupied by Caddo Indians. Creek Indians moved to the area in early 19th century. The origin of Rockwall also is related to the selection of its name. In 1851, as the first Anglo-American settlers moved to the area, they started to dig wells. During the digging, they found large underground rock walls that were initially believed to be manmade. Later study of the wall-like features by geologists and archaeologists found them to be jointed, natural sandstone dikes that had intruded Cretaceous marl. The town was established April 17, 1854 and named after these natural rock walls. While originally part of Kaufman County, in 1873, Rockwall County was formed with Rockwall being the county seat. The current mayor is David Sweet.

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Rogers Park, Chicago
Rogers Park is one of the 77 Chicago community areas on the far north side of Chicago, Illinois, and is also the name of the Chicago neighborhood that constitutes most of the community area. It is bounded by the city of Evanston along Juneway Terrace and Howard Street to the north, Ridge Boulevard to the west, Devon Avenue and the Edgewater neighborhood to the south, and Lake Michigan to the east. The neighborhood just to the west, West Ridge, was part of Rogers Park until the 1890s.
The Rogers Park area was developed on what once was the convergence of two Native American trails, now known as Rogers Avenue and Ridge Boulevard, predating modern metropolitan Chicago. The Pottawatomi and various other regional tribes often settled in Rogers Park from season to season. The name of Indian Boundary Park west of Rogers Park reflects this history as does Pottawattomie Park near Clark Street and Rogers Avenue.
Rogers Park was named after a pioneer settler and developer, Phillip Rogers. Rogers often traded and worked with the local tribes. Envisioning a future settlement, Rogers eventually purchased the land from the tribes for later development.

wn.com/Rogers_Park,_Chicago
San Clemente, CA
San Clemente is a city in Orange County, California. The population was 63,522 at the 2010 census. Located on the California Coast, midway between Los Angeles and San Diego at the southern tip of the county, it is known for its ocean, hill, and mountain views, a pleasant climate and its Spanish Colonial style architecture. San Clemente's city slogan is "Spanish Village by the Sea". The official City flower is the Bougainvillea and the official City tree is the Coral tree.
Prior to the arrival of the Spanish, the area was inhabited by what came to be known as the Juaneño Indians. Long admired by explorers and passing settlers, it remained virtually uninhabited until 1776, when Mission San Juan Capistrano was established by Father Junipero Serra and led both Indian and Spanish settlers to set up villages nearby. After the founding of Mission San Juan Capistrano, the local natives were conscripted to work for the mission.
Property rights to the land exchanged hands several times, but few ventured to build on it until 1925, when former Mayor of Seattle, Ole Hanson, with the financial help of a syndicate headed by Hamilton Cotton, purchased and designed a 2,000-acre (8.1 km²) community. Hanson believed that the area's pleasant climate, beautiful beaches and fertile soil would serve as a haven to Californians who were tired of "the big city". He named the city after San Clemente Island, which in turn was named by the explorer Vizcaino in 1602 after Saint Clement, whose feast day occurs on November 23, the day of Vizcaino's arrival on the island.

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Sanger, CA
Sanger is a city in Fresno County, California, United States. The population was 24,270 at the 2010 census, up from 18,731 at the 2000 census. Sanger is located 13 miles (21 km) east-southeast of Fresno, at an elevation of 371 feet (113 m).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.5 square miles (14 km²), all of it land.
The first post office opened in Sanger in 1888. The city incorporated in 1911. The name commemorates Joseph Sanger Jr., secretary-treasurer of the Railroad Yardmasters Association, who visited California in 1887.
The Sanger Railroad Depot was built in 1887 next to the Southern Pacific Railroad line that connected Fresno to Porterville. Sanger became a center for shipping grain, citrus and lumber from the nearby mountains. When the depot was retired, it was the oldest building in the city and was donated to the Sanger Historical Society which turned it into the Sanger Depot Museum in 1977.
The 2010 United States Census reported that Sanger had a population of 24,270. The population density was 4,393.7 people per square mile (1,696.4/km²). The racial makeup of Sanger was 14,454 (59.6%) White, 219 (0.9%) African American, 311 (1.3%) Native American, 758 (3.1%) Asian, 39 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 7,645 (31.5%) from other races, and 844 (3.5%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 19,537 persons (80.5%).

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Seattle, WA
Seattle (pronounced /siːˈætɫ̩/ ( listen) see-AT-əl or /siːˈæɾɫ̩/) is the county seat of King County, in the U.S. state of Washington. With 608,660 residents as of the 2010 Census, Seattle is the largest city in the Northwestern United States. The Seattle metropolitan area of about 3.4 million inhabitants is the 15th largest metropolitan area in the country. The city is a major coastal seaport situated on a narrow isthmus between Puget Sound (an arm of the Pacific Ocean) and Lake Washington, about 114 miles (183 km) south of the Canada–United States border. In 2010, Seattle was the sixth busiest port in the United States, serving as a major gateway for trade with Asia.
The Seattle area had been inhabited by Native Americans for at least 4,000 years before the first permanent white settlers.Arthur A. Denny and his group of travelers, subsequently known as the Denny Party, arrived at Alki Point on November 13, 1851. The settlement was moved to its current site and renamed "Seattle" in 1853, after Chief Seattle of the local Duwamish and Suquamish tribes.

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Sebring, FL
Sebring is a city in Highlands County, Florida, United States, nicknamed "The City on the Circle", in reference to Circle Drive, the center of the Sebring Downtown Historic District. In 2010, the United States Census Bureau reported a population of 10,491. It is the county seat of Highlands County, and is the principal city of the Sebring Micropolitan area.
Sebring is the home of the Sebring International Raceway, created on a former airbase, first used in 1950. It hosted the 1959 Formula One United States Grand Prix, but is currently best known as the host of the 12 Hours of Sebring, an annually held American Le Mans Series race. Nearby Highlands Hammock State Park is a popular attraction. Additionally, the house where novelist Rex Beach committed suicide is located on one of Sebring's main lakes, Lake Jackson.
Sebring was founded in 1912. It was named after George Sebring, a pottery manufacturer from Ohio who developed the city. The village of Sebring, Ohio is also named for George E. Sebring (1859–1927) and his family. It was chartered by the state of Florida in 1913, and was selected as the county seat of Highlands County when the county was created in 1921.

wn.com/Sebring,_FL
Sewell, NJ
Sewell (pronounced Sue-ull or Soole) is an unincorporated area within Mantua Township in Gloucester County, New Jersey, United States. Sewell also refers to part of Washington Township, Gloucester County, New Jersey, which is not part of Mantua Township. The area is served as United States Postal Service ZIP code 08080.
As of the 2010 United States Census, the population for ZIP Code Tabulation Area 08080 was 37,433.
Sewell is notable for containing the Inversand marl pit, the last remaining, operational greensand mine in the world. The location has become renowned for its paleontology and is similar to many of the sites studied by early paleontologists, particularly Edward Drinker Cope.
Sewell also contains Gloucester County College and the Gloucester County Institute of Technology.
Notable current and former residents of Sewell include:

wn.com/Sewell,_NJ
Shelbyville, KY
Shelbyville is a city in Shelby County, Kentucky, United States. It was founded on land donated by William Shannon in 1792 and named for Kentucky's first governor, Isaac Shelby. The population was 14,045 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Shelby County,, located in nearly the center of the county.
The community was founded in 1792. Located near a route from Louisville to Frankfort, Kentucky, Shelbyville grew to a population of 262 by 1800. For much of its early history, most residents were employed directly in support of the surrounding agriculture-based economy.
On August 24, 1864 a group of Confederate soldiers attacked the courthouse, attempting to seize a cache of weapons there. They were fought off by locals, killing three of the soldiers in the process. The town later supported Union efforts under Gen. John Palmer to track down Confederate guerrillas in surrounding counties.
Following the Civil War, as surrounding agriculture became more profitable, the town expanded faster than it had at any time since the early days, and many large, more ornate buildings were built downtown, especially after a large fire in 1909. The oldest remaining banks were also organized during this time. The late 19th century also saw a public water system, electricity and libraries brought to the town.

wn.com/Shelbyville,_KY
Shelton, CT
Shelton is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 39,559 at the 2010 census.
Shelton was settled by the English as part of the town of Stratford, Connecticut, in 1639. On May 15, 1656, the Court of the Colony of Connecticut in Hartford affirmed that the town of Stratford included all of the territory 12 miles (19 km) inland from Long Island Sound, between the Housatonic River and the Fairfield town line. In 1662, Stratford selectmen Lt. Joseph Judson, Captain Joseph Hawley and John Minor had secured all the written deeds of transfer from the Golden Hill Paugussett Indian Nation for this vast territory that comprises the present-day towns of Trumbull, Shelton and Monroe. Shelton was split off from Stratford in 1789, as Huntington (named for Samuel Huntington). The current name originated in a manufacturing village started in the 1860s named for the Shelton Company founded by Edward N. Shelton — also founder of Ousatonic Water Power Company. The rapidly growing borough of Shelton incorporated as a city in 1915 and was consolidated with the town of Huntington in 1919 establishing the present city of Shelton.

wn.com/Shelton,_CT
Silver Spring, MD
Silver Spring is an unincorporated area and census-designated place (CDP) in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. It had a population of 71,452 at the 2010 census, making it the fourth most populous place in Maryland, after Baltimore, Columbia, and Germantown.
The urbanized, oldest, and southernmost part of Silver Spring is a major business hub that lies at the north apex of Washington, D.C. As of 2004, the Central Business District (CBD) held 7,254,729 square feet (673,986 m²) of office space, 5216 dwelling units and 17.6 acres (71,000 m²) of parkland. The population density of this CBD area of Silver Spring was 15,600 per square mile all within 360 acres (1.5 km²) and approximately 2.5 square miles (6 km²) in the CBD/downtown area. The community has recently undergone a significant renaissance, with the addition of major retail, residential, and office developments.
Silver Spring takes its name from a mica-flecked spring discovered there in 1840 by Francis Preston Blair, who subsequently bought much of the surrounding land. Acorn Park, tucked away in an area of south Silver Spring away from the main downtown area, is believed to be the site of the original spring.

wn.com/Silver_Spring,_MD
St. Augustine, FL
St. Augustine is a city in the northeast section of Florida and the county seat of St. Johns County, Florida, United States. Founded in 1565 by Spanish explorer and admiral Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, it is the oldest continuously occupied European-established city and port in the continental United States. St. Augustine lies in a region of Florida known as "The First Coast", which extends from Amelia Island in the north to Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Palm Coast in the south. According to the 2010 census, the city population was 12,975. St. Augustine is the headquarters for the Florida National Guard.
The vicinity of St. Augustine was first explored in 1513 by Spanish explorer and governor of Puerto Rico, Juan Ponce de León, who claimed the region for the Spanish crown. Prior to the founding of St. Augustine in 1565, several earlier attempts at European colonization in what is now Florida were made by both Spain and France, but all failed.
The French exploration of the area began in 1562, under the Huguenot captain Jean Ribault. Ribault explored the St. Johns River to the north of St. Augustine before sailing north, ultimately founding the short-lived Charlesfort on what is now known as Parris Island, South Carolina. In 1564, Ribault's former lieutenant René Goulaine de Laudonnière headed a new colonization effort. The Laudonnière explored St. Augustine Inlet and the Matanzas River, which the French named the River of Dolphins. There they made contact with the local Timucua chief, probably Seloy, a subject of the powerful Saturiwa chiefdom, before heading north to the St. Johns River. There they established Fort Caroline.

wn.com/St._Augustine,_FL
Stoughton, MA
Stoughton ( /ˈstoʊtᵊn/) (official name: Town of Stoughton) is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 26,962 at the 2010 census. The town is located approximately 15 miles (24 km) from Boston, 25 miles (40 km) from Providence, and 35 miles (56 km) from Cape Cod.
Stoughton was first settled in 1713 and was officially incorporated in 1726. It was named after William Stoughton, who was the first chief justice of Colonial Courts and the notorious chief justice of the Salem Witch Trials.
The Suffolk Resolves were written in Old Stoughton (current day Milton, Massachusetts) at Doty's Tavern. They are thought to be the basis for the Declaration of Independence. The meeting included Rev. Samuel Dunbar and Paul Revere, while the site was chosen by Samuel Adams and Dr. Joseph Warren.
Originally an agricultural community, Stoughton developed into an important shoemaking center. In 1874, the Stoughton Public Library was established.
The oldest choral society in the United States is located in Stoughton. Founded in 1786 as The Stoughton Musical Society, it is now known as the Old Stoughton Musical Society. In 1893, this musical society distinguished itself by performing several concerts at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, heard by an audience of several thousand people.

wn.com/Stoughton,_MA
Stratham, NH
Stratham is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 7,255 at the 2010 census. It is bounded on the west by the Squamscott River. The town is the home of the only U.S. Lindt & Sprüngli factory and the headquarters of the Timberland Corporation.
Stratham was settled in 1631 and incorporated in 1716. The area, called Winnicutt by the Pennacook Indians, was known as Squamscott Patent or Point of Rocks because of its location between Great Bay and the Squamscott River. The sixth town in the colony to be incorporated, the town was named for Wriothesley Russell, Baron Howland of Streatham, a friend of Massachusetts Royal Governor Samuel Shute, when New Hampshire was still a part of that colony.
The town is unusual among New England settlements of its size in having been comprehensively mapped in 1793 by Phinehas Merrill. It is therefore possible to identify how many of the extant buildings of the town predate the map.
Each summer the town hosts the Stratham Fair, held at Stratham Hill Park.

wn.com/Stratham,_NH
Sugar Land, Texas
Sugar Land is a city in the U.S. state of Texas within the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown metropolitan area and Fort Bend County. Sugar Land is one of the most affluent and fastest-growing cities in Texas, having grown more than 158 percent in the last decade. In the time period of 2000–2007, Sugar Land also enjoyed a 46.24% job growth.^{[citation needed]} As of the 2010 census, its population was 78,817. In 2011, the U.S. Census Bureau estimated that the city's population was 84,511, with a median family income of $113,261 and a median home price of $369,600.
Founded as a sugar plantation in the early mid-20th century and incorporated in 1959, Sugar Land is the largest city and economic center of Fort Bend County. The city is the third-largest in population and second-largest in economic activities of the Houston area.
Sugar Land is home to the headquarters of Imperial Sugar and the company's main sugar refinery and distribution center was once located in this city. Recognizing this heritage, the Imperial Sugar crown logo can be seen in the city seal and logo.

wn.com/Sugar_Land,_Texas
Tallahassee, FL
Tallahassee ( /ˌtæləˈhæsi/) is the capital of the U.S. state of Florida. It is the county seat and only incorporated municipality in Leon County, and is the 128th largest city in the United States. Tallahassee became the capital of Florida, then the Florida Territory, in 1824. In 2010, the population recorded by the U.S. Census Bureau was 181,376 , and the Tallahassee metropolitan area is 367,413.
Tallahassee is one of Florida's most prominent college cities, and is home to several colleges and universities, most notably Florida State University and Florida A&M University. Other schools in Tallahassee include Tallahassee Community College and branches of Saint Leo University, Thomas University, Keiser University, Barry University, Flagler College, and Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University.
Tallahassee is a regional center for trade and agriculture in the Florida Panhandle, and is served by Tallahassee Regional Airport. With one of the fastest growing manufacturing and high tech economies in Florida, its major private employers include a General Dynamics Land Systems manufacturing facility (military and combat applications), the Municipal Code Corporation, which specializes in the publication of municipal and county legal references; and a number of national law firms, lobbying organizations, trade associations and professional associations, including the Florida Bar and the Florida Chamber of Commerce. It is recognized as a regional center for scientific research, and is home to the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, the largest and highest-powered magnet research laboratory in the world.

wn.com/Tallahassee,_FL
Tampa, FL
Tampa (pronunciation: /ˈtæmpə/) is a city in the U.S. state of Florida. It serves as the county seat for Hillsborough County and is located on the west coast of Florida, on the Gulf of Mexico. The population of Tampa in 2010 was 335,709.
The current location of Tampa was once inhabited by indigenous peoples of the Safety Harbor culture, most notably the Tocobaga and the Pohoy, who lived along the shores of Tampa Bay. It was briefly explored by Spanish explorers in the early 16th century, but there were no permanent American or European settlements within today's city limits until after the United States had acquired Florida from Spain in 1819.
In 1824, the United States Army established a frontier outpost called Fort Brooke at the mouth of the Hillsborough River, near the site of today's Tampa Convention Center. The first civilian residents were pioneers who settled near the fort for protection from the nearby Seminole population. The town grew slowly until the 1880s, when railroad links, the discovery of phosphate, and the arrival of the cigar industry jump-started Tampa's development and helped it to grow into an important city by the early 1900s.

wn.com/Tampa,_FL
Tehachapi Mountains
Coordinates: 34°53′30.24″N 118°40′41.60″W / 34.8917333°N 118.678222°W / 34.8917333; -118.678222
The Tehachapi Mountains ( /təˈhætʃəpi/), regionally also called The Tehachapis, are a mountain range in the Transverse Ranges system of California in the Western United States. The range extends for approximately 40 miles (64 km) in southern Kern County and northeastern Los Angeles County.
The Tehachapis form a geographic, watershed, habitat, and rain shadow divide separating the San Joaquin Valley to the northwest and the Mojave Desert to the southeast. The Tehachapis' crest varies in height from approximately 4,000–8,000 feet (1,200–2,400 m). They are southeast of Bakersfield and the Central Valley, and west of Mojave and the Antelope Valley. The range runs southwest to northeast (SW-NE) connecting the Southern Sierra Nevada range on their northeast with the San Emigdio Mountains on the west and Sierra Pelona Mountains on the southwest.
The Tehachapis are delineated from the San Emigdio Mountains by Tejon Pass at the range's western end. The dramatic incline of Interstate 5 from the San Joaquin Valley floor up to the pass, is regionally referred to as The Grapevine, after Grapevine Canyon which it follows between the northern slopes of the two mountain ranges. The canyon was named after native grapevines, the California grapevine (Vitis californica), found at springs on its slopes. The California State Water Project is to the east, with the California Aqueduct pumped by the Edmonston Pumping Plant over/through the Tehachapis to Castaic Lake reservoir.

wn.com/Tehachapi_Mountains
United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km²) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.

wn.com/United_States
Wellesley, MA
Wellesley ( /ˈwɛlzliː/) is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. It is part of Greater Boston. The population was 27,982 at the time of the 2010 census. It is best known as the home of Wellesley College, Babson College, and a campus of Massachusetts Bay Community College. While most of Olin College, a private engineering school, is in the town of Wellesley, its main entrance is located in Needham, Massachusetts.
Wellesley was settled in the 1630s as part of Dedham, Massachusetts. It was subsequently a part of Needham, Massachusetts called West Needham, Massachusetts. On Oct. 23, 1880, West Needham residents voted to secede from Needham and the town of Wellesley was later christened by the Massachusetts legislature on April 6, 1881.
Wellesley's population grew by over 80 percent during the 1920s.
The town designated Cottage Street and its nearby alleys as the historic district in its zoning plan. Most houses in this district were built around the 1860s and qualify as protected buildings certified by the town's historic commission.

wn.com/Wellesley,_MA
Westchester, NY
Westchester County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. Westchester covers an area of 450 square miles (1,200 km²) and has a population of 949,113 according to the 2010 Census, residing in 45 municipalities. It was named after the city of Chester in England, and the county seat is White Plains.
The county's location puts New York City and Long Island Sound to its south, Putnam County on the north, Connecticut on the east, Rockland County on the west. Westchester became the first large scale suburban area in the world to develop. Its significance as a suburb derived mostly from the upper-middle class development of entire communities in the late 19th century, and the rapid population growth that occurred as a result.
According to 2006 HUD data, the median income for a household of one person in the county was $75,427 and the median income for a family of four was $96,500. Westchester County ranks number two (number one being New York County) for wealthiest counties in New York State and the seventh wealthiest county nationally. Westchester County has long been associated with "old money" and some of the country's wealthiest families for generations, along with other places such as Greenwich, Connecticut, and Long Island's Gold Coast and Five Towns.

wn.com/Westchester,_NY
Winter Park, FL
Winter Park is a suburban city in Orange County, Florida, United States. The population was 24,090 at the 2000 census. According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2006 estimates, the city had a population of 28,083. The 2010 census count was 27,852, suggesting a small decline in 2007-2010. It is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city is home to Rollins College, Full Sail University and the Charles Hosmer Morse Museum of American Art, which houses the largest collection of Tiffany glass. Winter Park features open park space, residential areas, and a street-side shopping district along Park Avenue.
Winter Park was founded as a resort community mainly by northern business magnates in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is recognized as the first centrally planned community in Florida; its main street includes civic buildings, retail, art galleries, a private liberal arts college, museums, a park, a train station, a golf course country club, a historic cemetery, and a beach and boat launch. Many structures are more than 100 years old. The scenic Olde Winter Park area is punctuated by small, winding brick streets, and a canopy of old Southern Live Oak and Camphor trees, draped with Spanish Moss. The city draws thousands of visitors to annual festivals including the Bach Festival, the nationally ranked Sidewalk Art Festival, and the Winter Park Concours d'Elegance.

wn.com/Winter_Park,_FL
Winter Springs, FL
Winter Springs is a city in Seminole County, Florida, United States. The population was 31,666 at the 2000 census. According to the 2009 Census Bureau estimates, the city has a population of 32,727. It is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The City of Winter Springs was ranked by the August 2011 issue of Money Magazine as the 97th best place to live in the United States.
As of the census of 2000, there were 31,666 people, 11,774 households, and 8,901 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,207.3 inhabitants per square mile (852.0/km²). There were 12,306 housing units at an average density of 857.8 per square mile (331.1/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 88.73% White, 4.59% African American, 0.19% Native American, 1.94% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 2.52% from other races, and 1.99% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.52% of the population.
There were 11,774 households out of which 38.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.2% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.4% were non-families. 18.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.08.

wn.com/Winter_Springs,_FL

American Juniors
American Juniors is a reality television series that broadcast on the Fox Network as a spin-off of American Idol, created by Simon Fuller and 19 Entertainment, FremantleMedia, directed by Bruce Gowers, and produced by Nigel Lythgoe and Ken Warwick. It was very similar to the adult American Idol, much like the British series S Club Search (producing the S Club Juniors) was to British band S Club 7. The only season of American Juniors aired in the summer of 2003. It was taped in Hollywood, California, U.S.
Two thousand children and teenagers auditioned for the show. From there, a selected group of kids and their parents were flown out to Hollywood to participate in "Hollywood Week." During "Hollywood Week", several cuts took place, eliminating all but 20 of the children and teens who originally auditioned. These kids were shown on TV during 2 top-20 episodes, which each showcased 10 kids. For each top-20 episode, America voted for the 5 kids they wanted to see in the top-10. Once the top-10 was formed, America voted each week for the one contestant they wanted to put into the group. The results were aired the following evening with the next round beginning the following week. Taylor Thompson was the first contestant voted into the group. She was eventually followed by her younger sister, Tori Thompson, Chauncey Matthews, Lucy Hale, and Danielle White.

wn.com/American_Juniors
J. D. Roth
James David Weinroth (born April 20, 1968), better known as J.D. Roth, is an American television personality, actor, children's game show host, a voice-over performer on many television programs, and a television producer of reality shows. Roth is currently the announcer and co-creator of the reality show The Biggest Loser on NBC. He also hosted ABC's fall 2008 series Opportunity Knocks.
His previous hosting jobs include the Fox adult reality game show Unan1mous, the children's reality show Endurance on NBC and the Discovery Kids Channel, and the children's game show Fun House which aired both in syndication and on Fox.
Roth is also the CEO of 3Ball Productions, a television production company based in Manhattan Beach, California.3Ball Productions is owned by Eyeworks.
Roth and his wife Christine are the parents of two children, Cooper and Duncan.
Roth was born and raised in Cherry Hill, New Jersey. He first acquired an interest in acting when he was ten, and has been working on commercials and being in front of and behind the camera ever since. In a 1996 interview, he said that he worked 22 commercials in his first year of acting. At age 11, he booked himself an audition for a children's show at a New York nightclub, winning a spot along with others including future stars Sarah Jessica Parker, Rick Schroder, and Ricki Lake.

wn.com/J._D._Roth
James Lofton
James David Lofton (born July 5, 1956 at Fort Ord, Monterey County, California) is a former American football player and coach. He is a former American football coach for the San Diego Chargers but is best known for his years in the National Football League as a wide receiver for the Green Bay Packers (1978–1986), Los Angeles Raiders (1987–1988), the Buffalo Bills (1989–1992), Los Angeles Rams (1993) and Philadelphia Eagles (1993). He was also the NCAA champion in the long jump in 1978 while attending Stanford University. He is a member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame.
Lofton prepped at George Washington High School in Los Angeles, California where he played quarterback and safety.
Lofton won the long jump at the 1978 NCAA Track and Field Championships with a wind-aided jump of 26 feet 11¾ inches. He won the long jump at the 1974 CIF California State Meet with a jump of 24 feet 3½ inches after placing sixth in this meet the year before. He was also a sprinter of note, with a best of 20.7 in the 200 meter dash. He has been an active participant in Masters track and field since 1997.

wn.com/James_Lofton
Julie Dubela
Julie Dubela (born on January 16, 1991 in Jupiter, Florida) is an American singer living in Stratham, Rockingham County, New Hampshire. She is known in the Boston, Massachusetts area for her live performances of "The Star-Spangled Banner" and has also gained national attention for her TV appearances.
She has performed for the New Hampshire General Court, the state legislature of New Hampshire. She sang the national anthem in Fenway Park (home of the Boston Red Sox), TD Banknorth Garden (home of the Boston Bruins, formerly "FleetCenter"), Gillette Stadium (home of the New England Patriots), and elsewhere. Performances outside of sports have included the Seacoast Repertory Theater and an event planned to happen at Six Flags New England. In 2003, she recorded her first album with her voice coach titled Broadway Dreaming.
Dubela first appeared on national TV in 2003, when she participated in Fox TV's American Juniors, a reality TV competition, to select members for a new band. She became a semi-finalist. Her last performance of "Rainy Days and Mondays" was criticized by the celebrity judges (Deborah Gibson, Gladys Knight and Justin Guarini), for her showing precociousness and nervousness in the performance, and she didn't make it the next stage. Subsequently, she appeared on PAX TV's America's Most Talented Kid, a TV talent competition, where she again lost, in a show which aired early in 2005.

wn.com/Julie_Dubela

Endurance High Sierras Episode 1 Part 1

Twenty kids from across the country travel to a secret location to compete for the title o...

published: 18 Oct 2007

author: SurvivorJay39

Endurance: Episode One (Part One)

Here's the first episode of Endurance, the Discovery Kids channel that sees which teens ha...

published: 07 Jun 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Hawaii: Episode One (Part One)

This is episode one of the third season of Endurance called "The Arrival". It features the...

published: 03 Apr 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance High Sierras Episode 2 Part 1

The official contestants compete in one of the most important games of Endurance 5 - partn...

published: 18 Oct 2007

author: SurvivorJay39

Endurance Tehachapi: Episode One (Part One)

First episode of Season Four of the Discovery Kids Series "Endurance"! It features the Rig...

published: 22 May 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance 2: Episode Two (Part Two)

Here's the second episode of "Endurance 2" that features the Partner Selection Game & A TW...

published: 02 May 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Tehachapi: Episode One (Part Two)

First episode of Season Four of the Discovery Kids Series "Endurance"! It features the Rig...

published: 22 May 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Hawaii: Episode One (Part Three)

This is episode one of the third season of Endurance called "The Arrival". It features the...

published: 04 Apr 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance High Sierras Episode 1 Part 2

Twenty kids from across the country travel to a secret location to compete for the title o...

published: 18 Oct 2007

author: SurvivorJay39

Endurance: Episode One (Part Three)

Here's the first episode of Endurance, the Discovery Kids channel that sees which teens ha...

published: 07 Jun 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance High Sierras Episode 7 Part 1

The first team of game has been eliminated, so all loyalties will be put to the test! The ...

published: 21 Nov 2007

author: SurvivorJay39

Endurance High Sierras Episode 4 Part 1

The official seven teams of Endurance: High Sierras have been decided, and the stakes of t...

published: 19 Oct 2007

author: SurvivorJay39

Endurance High Sierras Episode 4 Part 2

The official seven teams of Endurance: High Sierras have been decided, and the stakes of t...

published: 19 Oct 2007

author: SurvivorJay39

issac and jeszie fight

issac and jeszie just won the endurance mission, but are having trouble deciding who shall...

published: 18 May 2011

author: jga1196

Endurance - Episode 1 Part 1

1st season of Endurance...

published: 03 Oct 2008

author: karamlie

Endurance - Episode 1 Part 2

1st season of Endurance...

published: 03 Oct 2008

author: karamlie

Endurance - Episode 1 Part 3

1st season of Endurance...

published: 03 Oct 2008

author: karamlie

Endurance - Episode 2 Part 1

1st season of Endurance...

published: 03 Oct 2008

author: karamlie

Endurance - Episode 2 Part 2

1st season of Endurance...

published: 03 Oct 2008

author: karamlie

Endurance - Episode 2 Part 3

1st season of Endurance...

published: 03 Oct 2008

author: karamlie

Endurance - Episode 3 Part 1

1st season of Endurance...

published: 03 Oct 2008

author: karamlie

Endurance - Episode 3 Part 2

1st season of Endurance...

published: 03 Oct 2008

author: karamlie

Endurance - Episode 3 Part 3

1st season of Endurance...

published: 03 Oct 2008

author: karamlie

Endurance - Episode 4 Part 1

1st season of endurance...

published: 03 Oct 2008

author: karamlie

Endurance - Episode 4 Part 2

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published: 03 Oct 2008

author: karamlie

Endurance - Episode 4 Part 3

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published: 03 Oct 2008

author: karamlie

Endurance - Episode 5 Part 1

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published: 03 Oct 2008

author: karamlie

Endurance - Episode 5 Part 2

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published: 03 Oct 2008

author: karamlie

Best of P4 Endurance Run (Ep. 1-15)

0:03 - Impersonating Morooka (Ep. 3) 2:11 - Entering the TV (Ep. 6) 3:51 - Teddie is empty...

published: 21 Oct 2009

author: MonoPingo

Best of P4 Endurance Run (Ep. 16-25)

0:03 - Capsule machines (Ep. 20) 0:45 - Beating Shadow Yukiko (Ep.23) 2:29 - OM NOM NOM NO...

published: 21 Oct 2009

author: MonoPingo

Best of P4 Endurance Run (Ep. 26-30)

0:01 - Wiped out by the King 0:59 - Jack Frost 1:57 - Vacation is canceled 3:04 - Populari...

published: 22 Oct 2009

author: MonoPingo

Best of P4 Endurance Run (Ep. 30: Mysterious fox)

Mysterious fox's amazing leaves (apply directly to legs)....

published: 22 Oct 2009

author: MonoPingo

Best of P4 Endurance Run (Ep. 31-40)

0:01 - Yukiko's laughing fits 1:11 - Get bent! 2:05 - Bad, bad bathhouse 4:15 - Fox showin...

published: 22 Oct 2009

author: MonoPingo

Best of P4 Endurance Run (Ep. 41-50)

0:01 - Owl man 1:28 - Vanish ball 2:05 - Summer clothes...

published: 22 Oct 2009

author: MonoPingo

Best of P4 Endurance Run (Ep. 50: School campout)

0:01 - Inedible food 1:55 - Proving Kanji's manliness 5:45 - Swimsuits...

published: 22 Oct 2009

author: MonoPingo

Best of P4 Endurance Run (Ep. 51-60)

00:01 - Under the futon 02:39 - Devil nurse...

published: 07 Dec 2009

author: MonoPingo

Best of P4 Endurance Run (Ep. 61-70)

00:01 - Nothing stops the Endurance Run 02:42 - Ice cube 03:52 - Bufu 05:17 - Drunk Dojima...

published: 08 Dec 2009

author: MonoPingo

Best of P4 Endurance Run (Ep. 71-75)

0:01 - Unexpected victim 2:42 - Real-world Teddie...

published: 28 Dec 2009

author: MonoPingo

Best of P4 Endurance Run (Ep. 76-90)

0:01 - Hama 2:57 - Ghoul returns 4:25 - Meeting Fox in the dungeon 6:17 - S-link rank 10: ...

published: 28 Dec 2009

author: MonoPingo

Best of P4 Endurance Run (Ep. 91-99)

0:01 - Summer festival 3:43 - S-link rank 10: Yosuke 5:41 - Watermelon party...

published: 28 Dec 2009

author: MonoPingo

Endurance Hawaii: Episode One (Part One)

This is episode one of the third season of Endurance called "The Arrival". It features th...

published: 04 Apr 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Hawaii: Episode One (Part Two)

This is episode one of the third season of Endurance called "The Arrival". It features th...

published: 04 Apr 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Hawaii: Episode One (Part Three)

This is episode one of the third season of Endurance called "The Arrival". It features th...

published: 04 Apr 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Hawaii: Episode Two (Part One)

This is episode two of the third season of Endurance called "First Elimination". It featu...

published: 04 Apr 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Hawaii: Episode Two (Part Two)

This is episode two of the third season of Endurance called "First Elimination". It featu...

published: 04 Apr 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Hawaii: Episode Two (Part Three)

This is episode two of the third season of Endurance called "First Elimination". It featu...

published: 04 Apr 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Hawaii: Episode Three (Part One)

This episode features the rest of the Partner Game. Enjoy!!...

published: 06 Apr 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Hawaii: Episode Three (Part Two)

MORE ENDURANCE!! The partner game continues... enjoy :)...

published: 06 Apr 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Hawaii: Episode Three (Part Three)

Last part of episode three of Endurance: Hawaii! -- ENJOY!!...

published: 06 Apr 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Hawaii: Episode Four (Part One)

This episode of Endurance features a twist where two of the players who lost in the Right ...

published: 06 Apr 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Hawaii: Episode Four (Part Two)

This episode of Endurance features a twist where two of the players who lost in the Right ...

published: 06 Apr 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Hawaii: Episode Four (Part Three)

This episode of Endurance features a twist where two of the players who lost in the Right ...

published: 06 Apr 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Hawaii: Episode Five (Part One)

This episode of Endurance features the first Endurance Mission and is called the "Ring of ...

published: 07 Apr 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Hawaii: Episode Five (Part Two)

This episode of Endurance features the first Endurance Mission and is called the "Ring of ...

published: 07 Apr 2011

author: modelgeek282

Endurance Run: Deadly Premonition: Part VJ-01

It's familiar territory for Vinny and Jeff, but this game still has a few surprises in sto...

published: 16 Dec 2011

author: JBog21

Endurance Run: Deadly Premonition: Part VJ-02

Trust me, I'm a sheriff. And I have a mustache....

published: 16 Dec 2011

author: JBog21

Endurance Run: Deadly Premonition: Part VJ-03

Oh gosh! Nobody told me there would be driving in this game...where are the wipers?...

published: 16 Dec 2011

author: JBog21

Endurance Run: Deadly Premonition: Part VJ-04

York, I'll let you play chess on my computer only if you promise to never, ever try smilin...

published: 16 Dec 2011

author: JBog21

Endurance Run: Deadly Premonition: Part VJ-05

You know, things may be going to hell, but it's nothing a moderate sleep can't fix....

published: 16 Dec 2011

author: JBog21

Endurance Run: Deadly Premonition: Part VJ-06

Hey, I was in Half-Life 2. Maybe you've heard of me....

published: 16 Dec 2011

author: JBog21

Endurance Run: Deadly Premonition: Part VJ-07

Vinny, Jeff, York, and Zach search frantically for a way out of the lumber mill....

published: 16 Dec 2011

author: JBog21

Endurance Run: Deadly Premonition: Part VJ-08

I knew it! Didn't I tell you, Zach? Carrot Top was here......

published: 16 Dec 2011

author: JBog21

Endurance Run: Deadly Premonition: Part VJ-09

Who turned on dee lights?...

published: 16 Dec 2011

author: JBog21

Endurance Run: Deadly Premonition: Part VJ-10

And voila! We are out of the lumber mill....

published: 16 Dec 2011

author: JBog21

Endurance Run: Deadly Premonition: Part VJ-11

Hey there, Thomas. Yeah, I think I'm okay standing out here, thanks....

published: 16 Dec 2011

author: JBog21

Endurance Run: Deadly Premonition: Part VJ-12

We meet some of Greenvale's more...colorful characters. This town needs an enema....

published: 16 Dec 2011

author: JBog21

Endurance Run: Deadly Premonition: Part VJ-13

George, you know you can tell me anything, right?...

published: 16 Dec 2011

author: JBog21

Endurance Run: Deadly Premonition: Part VJ-14

Woo WOO! Zach, these art lovers sure know how to party....

published: 16 Dec 2011

author: JBog21

Endurance Run: Persona 4 - Part 01

Jeff and Vinny begin their crusade to make it through Persona 4....

published: 26 Oct 2011

author: bleak101

Endurance Run: Persona 4 - Part 02

We eat dinner with a young lady, sing the Junes song, and attack something!...

published: 26 Oct 2011

author: bleak101

Endurance Run: Persona 4 - Part 03

We meet our new teacher for the year. He's got some...issues....

published: 26 Oct 2011

author: bleak101

Endurance Run: Persona 4 - Part 04

This one's a little shorter, as we are finally able to save the game!...

published: 26 Oct 2011

author: bleak101

Endurance Run: Persona 4 - Part 05

Ok, things are starting to get interesting. What's this about midnight?...

published: 26 Oct 2011

author: bleak101

Endurance Run: Persona 4 - Part 06

So, what happens at midnight? Dude, what DOESN'T happen at midnight!...

published: 26 Oct 2011

author: bleak101

Endurance Run: Persona 4 - Part 07

Hello, Mysterious bear, please don't eat my soul. Um, is that a zipper?...

published: 26 Oct 2011

author: bleak101

Endurance Run: Persona 4 - Part 08

Ok, this time we're heading back into TV world and I've brought a golf club....

published: 26 Oct 2011

author: bleak101

Endurance Run: Persona 4 - Part 09

This one is a whopper, but all of us survive for the better...even you Yosuke....

published: 26 Oct 2011

author: bleak101

Endurance Run: Persona 4 - Part 10

We spend some time reflecting with our friends about our next big move....

published: 26 Oct 2011

author: bleak101

Endurance Run: Persona 4 - Part 11

It's going to take more than a golf club to do whatever it is we're going to do....

published: 26 Oct 2011

author: bleak101

Endurance Run: Persona 4 - Part 12

Is that a banana mask you're wearing or are you just going to STEAL MY SOUL!...

published: 26 Oct 2011

author: bleak101

Endurance Run: Persona 4 - Part 13

After besting our inner demons, we are brought to our knees by Funky Student....

published: 26 Oct 2011

author: bleak101

Endurance Run: Persona 4 - Part 14

Whoa, slow down sister. I put my Persona where?...

published: 26 Oct 2011

author: bleak101

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photo: AP / Fahd al-Bakoush

This still image included in a video obtained by the Associated Press from Fahd al-Bakoush, a freelance videographer and activist, which has been authenticated based on its contents and other AP reporting, shows the body of U.S. Ambassador Chris Stevens being moved by Libyan civilians trying to rescue him after gunmen and protesters rampaged through the U.S. consulate in Benghazi, Libya, Tuesday, Sept. 11, 2012. The group of Libyans had stumbled across Stevens' seemingly lifeless form inside a dark room and didn't know who he was, only that he was a foreigner, al-Bakoush and two other witnesses told the AP.

U.S. State Dept officials resign under pressure over Benghazi killings

Reuters

20 Dec 2012

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Three senior U.S. State Department officials were asked to resign after an official inquiry harshly criticized their offices for failing to provide adequate security at the U.S. mission in Benghazi, Libya, before it came under attack in September, a U.S. official said on Wednesday ... State Department officials declined to comment on the matter, saying it was a personnel issue ... Joint Chiefs of Staff ... facilities....(size: 5.4Kb)

photo: AP / Carolyn Kaster

FILE - In this June 26, 2012 file photo, President Barack Obama speaks in Atlanta. The presidential race enters the sultry summer _ a final lull before a sprint to Election Day _ with President Barack Obama and Republican Mitt Romney neck and neck and no sign that either can break away. Both sides have money concerns _ for all the flood of cash _ as well as political worries.

Obama promises gun control early next year

Sowetan Live

20 Dec 2012

Obama held a White House news conference on Wednesday to announce that Vice President Joe Biden will lead an interagency effort to craft new gun policies. The group is expected to offer its proposals in January. “We know this is a complex issue that stirs deeply held passions and political divides,” Obama said. “But the fact that this problem is complex can no longer be an excuse for doing nothing.” ... WAKE-UP CALL ... ....(size: 6.1Kb)

photo: AP / Alfred de Montesquiou

In this May 12, 2010 photo, Malian troops and soldiers from other African countries train with the U.S. Special Forces in the Sahara Desert near the town of Gao in northeastern Mali.

U.N. OKs offensive to oust extremists in Mali

Pittsburgh Post-Gazette

21 Dec 2012

UNITED NATIONS -- The U.N. Security Council on Thursday authorized military action to wrest northern Mali from the control of al-Qaida-linked extremists, but it demanded progress first on political reconciliation, elections and training African troops and police ... Instead, it set out benchmarks to be met before the start of offensive operations, starting with progress on a political roadmap to restore constitutional order ... U.N ... On Nov ... ....(size: 3.1Kb)

photo: Public Domain / Tm

Soldiers from the 1st Battalion, 10th Special Forces Group (Airborne) teach mounted infantry tactics to soldiers from the Malian Army in Timbuktu, Mali. U.S. Army Special Forces, assigned to Special Operations Command Europe, are training selected military units in Mali and Mauritania on mobility, communications, land navigation, and small unit tactics.

UN Security Council Approves Mali Intervention Force

Jakarta Globe

21 Dec 2012

The UN Security Council on Thursday unanimously approved sending an African-led intervention force to help Mali’s army reconquer much of the country from Islamist militants. The 15-member council gave the force an initial one year mandate to use “all necessary measures” to help the Mali government take back the northern half of the country from “terrorist, extremist and armed groups.” ... Agence France-Presse ....(size: 1.9Kb)

photo: AP / Ahn Young-joon

South Korea's president-elected Park Geun-hye speaks during a press conference at the headquarters of Saenuri Party in Seoul, South Korea, Thursday, Dec. 20, 2012.

South Korea's first woman leader vows new North Korea effort

The Wichita Eagle

20 Dec 2012

SEOUL, South Korea — Park Geun-hye's election as South Korea's first female president could mean a new drive to start talks with bitter rival North Korea, though it's unclear how much further she will go than the hard-line incumbent, a member of her own conservative party ... On Thursday, Park mentioned the North Korean rocket launch during a nationally televised speech ... Ties between the Koreas plummeted during Lee's term ... ....(size: 4.5Kb)

timeline:
2012
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Fathers play such an important role. Let's not keep mum about dads

The Observer

23 Dec 2012

Fathers are important for a child's wellbeing. Photograph. Mimi Haddon/Getty Images ... "He was a lunatic." ... The New York Times recently reported that the health of the unborn child is affected by what and how much would-be dads eat; the toxins they absorb; the traumas they endure and their age at the time of conception. Negative stereotypes have endured because "to father" has yet to carry the value of what it means "to mother" ... Share ... ....(size: 5.8Kb)

Neon marquee tells of Union Square's past

San Francisco Chronicle

23 Dec 2012

Historic preservation can be heartening and problematic at once. For decades this corner building housed a newsstand ... It is, and it does ... The relic endures ... ....(size: 0.7Kb)

View from the oppressor's side

Japan Times

23 Dec 2012

Jennifer Rubin's Washington Post blog that was published in The Japan Times on Dec ... Her complaint against the U.N ... resolution? ... and its allies ... Why must we endure this situation? The opinions expressed in this letter to the editor are the writer's own and do not necessarily reflect the policies of The Japan Times. ....(size: 1.7Kb)

1962: The year of the Big Freeze

The Independent

23 Dec 2012

Britain may be beset by floods and near-relentless rain, but anyone feeling glum about the weather this Christmas can be thankful they are not facing the conditions of half a century ago ... For 67 days the nation endured freezing temperatures and heavy snowfall to make one of the worst winters on record. An early-warning defence station on the North York Moors even had to evacuate 283 workers to safety by helicopter ... ....(size: 1.9Kb)

Cowlishaw: Like 88s before him, dialed-in Dez delivering for Dallas

The Dallas Morning News

23 Dec 2012

The Dallas Cowboys will go as far as Dez Bryant carries them this season. That was true in September and October when he was dropping balls, running poor routes and showing an unwillingness to deal with physical contact from aggressive cornerbacks ... The other is Pro Football Hall of Famer Michael Irvin ... Bryant insisted he would play out the season with the injury, even while not knowing what level of pain he would have to endure ... ....(size: 2.0Kb)

Commentary: Flyers' Laperriere goes Hollywood

The News & Observer

23 Dec 2012

Email Print Order Reprint Share This. Text. tool name. tool goes here. By SAM CARCHIDI - The Philadelphia Inquirer. By SAM CARCHIDI Philadelphia Inquirer. PHILADELPHIA -- "This Is 40" isn't about the number of work stoppages the NHL has endured since Gary Bettman became commissioner ... And the Flyers ... He returned later in the game ... "This Is 40" isn't about the number of work stoppages the NHL has endured since Gary Bettman became commissioner ... ....(size: 14.3Kb)

On eve of 79th birthday, Emperor reflects on past year

Japan Times

23 Dec 2012

On the occasion of his 79th birthday, Emperor Akihito reflected on the past year and revealed that he decided to undergo heart bypass surgery in February so that he could attend the ceremony to commemorate the victims of the Great East Japan Earthquake the following month, on the first anniversary of the catastrophe ... "I am aware of the many difficulties the people of Okinawa have had to endure," he said ... ....(size: 2.9Kb)

Guns and mental illness: In American society (Video)

The Examiner

23 Dec 2012

Mass shootings continue in America. What needs to be done? What will be done by cities, states and the nation? There are many conversations on the table pros and cons about gun control and mental illness ... There are going to be more mass shootings in the future, not because of guns ... All citizens have a right to bear arms ... Will changes be made to protect the American population? Americans can’t endure another Sandy Hook Elementary School ... ....(size: 3.2Kb)

Fear, loathing, fight-back

The Times of India

23 Dec 2012

When the Dhaula Kuan rape happened, I told myself she was out on the road at two in the morning. So I won't ever do that and I'll be safe. When a girl was recently gang-raped in Gurgaon, I told myself that I would just never go to Gurgaon. But this time, the girl got into a bus at 9.30 in the evening ... Chill out ... They have been shoved into waiting police vehicles and have endured the severe Delhi chill during night vigils at India Gate ... ....(size: 3.9Kb)

Matt Schaub voted 2012 Ed Block Courage Award winner (Houston Texans)

noodls

23 Dec 2012

(Source. Houston Texans) The Texans have selected QB Matt Schaub as their 2012 Ed Block Courage Award winner. Recipients are selected by a vote of their teammates to recognize extra efforts both on and off the field and their ability to overcome great adversity ... ... After enduring a long and arduous rehabilitation process from his injury, Schaub returned to form in 2012 ... Houston's Ed Block Courage Award winners. ... distributed by....(size: 3.9Kb)

Hodgson walks on water as Saracens defy the rain

The Independent

23 Dec 2012

The mist hung low over Bathwick Hill and the rain drenched those brave enough to forego the Christmas shopping, but seasonal cheer warmed Saracen hearts ... Hodgson, 32 this month, gave what his director of rugby, Mark McCall, happily described as a masterclass, most notably in the first half, which Saracens ended 16 points to the good ... In contrast to Hodgson, Bath's fly-half endured a miserable afternoon ... Referee G Garner (Warwickshire)....(size: 4.0Kb)

Fancy owning a Gir cow?

The Times of India

23 Dec 2012

NAGPUR. Hold it by the jaw and you can control it easily, explains Satish Doshi, a suave businessman, showing his rustic skills with a young bull ... For them it is as much as flaunting a sports car or a Harley Davidson, and a matter of ethnic pride as well ... This is one of the best bovine breeds of the country known for its magnificent looks and distinct features like round-shaped head and red coloured coat as well as endurance ... ....(size: 4.5Kb)

Commentary: Flyers' Laperriere goes Hollywood - Wire Lifestyle - The Sacramento Bee --> 0 comments ...

Sacramento Bee

23 Dec 2012

PHILADELPHIA -- "This Is 40" isn't about the number of work stoppages the NHL has endured since Gary Bettman became commissioner. The new movie starring Paul Rudd and Leslie Mann is about the adventures one goes through in reaching the big four-oh, and, in a surprise, it does have a connection to hockey. And the Flyers ... "Went to Hollywood and did my movie," Laperriere joked the other night ... He returned later in the game ... Why?....(size: 4.6Kb)

timeline:
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2011
2010
2009
2008
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2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001

Endurance
250px Logo for Endurance: Hawaii
Format	Teen Reality
Created by	J. D. Roth Todd A. Nelson
Presented by	J. D. Roth
Country of origin	United States
Language(s)	English
Production
Running time	24 minutes
Broadcast
Original channel	NBC (2002-2006) Discovery Kids (2002-2008)
Original run	October 5, 2002 (2002-10-05) – March 8, 2008 (2008-03-08)
External links
Website

Endurance is an American reality television children's program, previously shown on the Discovery Kids cable network in the United States and also on networks in other countries. The show's format is somewhat similar to the CBS television series Survivor, though with a teenaged cast (however, there are more elements of the U.S. version of Big Brother). Endurance contestants live in a remote location and participate in various mental and physical challenges, although Endurance contestants compete as pairs (one boy and one girl), and the outcome of the competitions determines which pair of players is eliminated.

In its six-year run between 2002–2008, each season began with a new slate of contestants, who were gradually eliminated as the season progressed until the remaining two teams competed to get all of the Endurance Pyramid pieces. The winning boy and girl received an all-expenses paid vacation package with their parents to an exotic location as the prize.

Production ended with the final episode of the sixth season, first aired on March 8, 2008. Reruns of Endurance continue to be televised in the U.S., on The Hub, Discovery Kids's successor. Reruns on the Hub ended on October 14th, 2011, until the show was brought back for reruns on April 2nd, 2012. It airs at 4:00AM on Mondays. Spanish-dubbed reruns also air on weekends on Azteca America. Three seasons of Endurance (Hawaii, Tehachapi and High Sierras) were each nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award in the category of "Outstanding Children's Series", however the show never won.

Production [link]

The show was produced by 3Ball Productions. Its co-creator, former actor and children's game show presenter, J. D. Roth, is the executive producer and on-screen host. Roth received a Daytime Emmy nomination in 2006 as "Outstanding Performer in a Children's Series" for Endurance: Tehachapi but did not win.

Contestants ages 12–15 were chosen each spring from five-minute audition tapes sent in by more than 12,000 teens to the show's production team. Twenty players were selected to participate in each of the first five seasons of Endurance; this was reduced to sixteen in Season 6. In a 2004 newspaper interview, Roth revealed that he looked for as diverse a group as possible.^[1] Shooting of the series took place each summer over a three week period and began with the selected teenaged contestants arriving at a secret remote location in late July. Each season was taped in a different location, including California, Hawaii, Mexico, and Fiji.

In a January, 2007, interview with the Boston Globe, Connor Finnegan recalled his experience as an Endurance: High Sierras player the previous summer: "At first it was weird being filmed all the time. You'd be talking and suddenly there would be a camera or microphone shoved into your face. The big rule with reality TV is never to look at the camera."^[2]

As part of the show, host J. D. Roth and the players sometimes discuss the interpersonal drama occurring among the teams. Roth has said that many participants have become close friends while the series was being shot, learning tolerance for people who were different from themselves.^[1] However, the Boston Globe reported that there was friction among the players on Endurance: High Sierras following the controversial break-up of teams. Finnegan's mother said, "There was definitely some nastiness", complaining that the producers and writers, "deliberately put the kids in situations that are designed to increase the drama and tension".^[2] But, Taylor Sico-McNulty, another Endurance: High Sierras contestant from Massachusetts and Finnegan's partner, said that when she returned home following the show's California taping, she "really missed seeing all the other kids in the cast every day", adding that a number of player reunions have since been held.^[3]

Another player from the fifth season, Dakota Fisher of Eliot, Maine, echoed the feeling, saying that his appearance on Endurance left him with relationships he will never forget. "You should have seen me a week after the show, it was depressing", said the 15-year old who had been trying for two years to get on the Emmy-nominated teen reality program.^[4]

Roth said in a 2007 news release, "Being on Endurance is a life-altering experience for every kid who is selected. With only the sun, moon, stars and each other, these kids have no choice but to get to really know each other. They learn to dig deep within themselves when someone says they can’t do something. They learn to overcome first impressions and prejudice and they build tremendous self-confidence by tapping into skills they never even knew they had."^[5]

Endurance is the successor to Moolah Beach, a show created by Roth which was not renewed after its single 2001 season, when a change in ownership of Fox Family Network (now ABC Family), opened up a new offer from Discovery Kids for a reality series. For four seasons (2002–2006), Endurance was also broadcast on the NBC network as part of its Saturday morning Discovery Kids on NBC block of programs.

The contests [link]

The Right To Stay Challenge [link]

Shortly after they arrive, the group of 20 contestants competes in the first Endurance game, called the Right To Stay Challenge. As the name implies, this game eliminates a group of contestants from continuing any further in the game. The game is normally a test of endurance, where each contestant has to hold on to something such as a bar or a pole for as long as possible. In Seasons 1 through 4, the first three girls and the first three boys to let go were eliminated. In Season 5, the game was a test of balance and speed, and the last two boys and last two girls to finish the game were eliminated. In Season 6, the first two boys and two girls to let go of a rope were eliminated, winnowing the sixteen hopefuls to twelve contestants who earned the right to stay, forming six teams of players.(except in season 6 with only 14 players going down to 12)

In Season 3, the eliminated players were brought back the following day to compete in a second chance Right to Stay game. The winner of this game (Tom) chose his partner from the group of girls (Vanetta), forming the Brown team.

In Seasons 3 and 5 the group was required to choose two players (a boy and a girl) who were allowed to sit out the Right To Stay Challenge, automatically advancing as if they had survived the challenge. In season 3 the boys were required to choose one girl to be safe and the girls were required to save a boy, the boys saved Lindi and the girls chose Reece because they were the most attractive in their opinions. In season 5, Darci and Aric were selected to sit out. They were then each allowed to save one other person (of the same gender). Darci chose Kelsey, Aric chose Alex.

Choosing teams [link]

The day after the Right To Stay Challenge, the remaining players compete in another game to determine teams. Each team consists of one boy and one girl. The game and the rules vary from year to year. The team colors are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple and grey (brown is added in seasons with 8 teams and is removed in seasons with 7 teams.)In season 6 gray is removed.

After the teams are decided, they each receive one pyramid piece of the Endurance Pyramid. To win the game and the grand prize trip, one team must possess all of the pieces. (10 pieces in the first season, 12 in Seasons 2 and 3, 13 in Seasons 4 and 5, and 14 in Season 6).

Endurance Mission [link]

With the teams now assigned, they begin competing in Endurance Missions. This is usually a test of skill. The team that wins the Endurance Mission wins a Samadhi that contains something that will have a negative effect on one team during the Temple Mission, and the winners of the Endurance Mission get to choose which team has to play with its effect. However, it is customary, that when three teams remain, the winners of the Samadhi have the right to not give its effect to a team, leaving a level playing field for the final Temple Mission.

Samadhi [link]

The teams compete for a Samadhi fairly often through the entire game.^[6] All of them but two had a negative impact on another team. In Season 3 (Endurance Hawaii) there was a Samadhi that benefitted the team that it was given to. Chris and Lindi (the Gray Team) won that Samadhi, and decided to keep it and in Season 5, the Blue team won the power to switch two teams around. In Season 1 the team that won the Samadhi at the Final 3 stage chose to eliminate it from the game. In Season 2, the team that won the Samadhi at the Final 4 stage chose to eliminate it from the game as well. This pattern was broken in Season 3, however. Also, in Season 5, the first Samadhi (won in the mission "Hot Potato") was the ability to make two players switch teams or give another team the power to make the switch. Taylor and Isaac, the original Blue team, won this Samadhi. They gave it to the Red team, who used it to switch Connor onto the Blue team and Isaac onto the Gray team. The first time the Samadhi was introduced, J.D. noted that the word Samadhi means "contemplation."

Temple mission [link]

This mission is usually one of endurance (hence the show's title). The team that wins a Temple Mission usually earns the right to choose two other teams to send to the "Temple of Fate", the elimination challenge.

Temple of Fate [link]

The two teams sent to the Temple of Fate bring with them all pyramid pieces they have won up to that point. In a variant of the Rock, Paper, Scissors intransitive game, the teams select fire, wood, or water to defeat one another in a best 2 out of 3 match, e.g.,

water puts out fire (water wins)
fire burns wood (fire wins)
wood floats on water (wood wins)

The first team to win two rounds wins the challenge and the right to stay in the game. The losers are immediately eliminated. In Season 1, the losing team's pieces went to the team winning the next episode's challenge; in all subsequent seasons, the losing team gave their pyramid pieces to any team of their choice, with a farewell note read to the remaining contestants.

Pyramid pieces [link]

The pyramid pieces play an important part in the game, since one team must possess all of the pieces to win the game. Season 1 had 10, Seasons 2 and 3 had 12, Seasons 4 and 5 had 13, and Season 6 has 14.

Pyramid piece	First used during
Commitment	Season 1
Courage	Season 1
Discipline	Season 1
Leadership	Season 1
Luck	Season 1
Perseverance	Season 1
Strength	Season 1
Heart	Season 1
Knowledge	Season 1
Trust	Season 1
Ingenuity	Season 2
Teamwork	Season 2
Friendship	Season 4*
Karma	Season 6*

* Introduced in the Finale of the prior season.

Triangle of Immunity [link]

In Season 5, the Triangle of Immunity was added. It is a border that is placed around the Friendship piece. It may be transferred to another team with any temple mission. In Season 5 the Triangle of Immunity was given to the Purple Team of: Dakota Fisher and Kelsey Schultz, by Anna and Garret. The team in possession of the Triangle of Immunity can avoid being sent to temple once, but is only able to use it until the final four. Once they reach the final three, the Triangle of Immunity is removed from the game. Season 6 removed the Triangle of Immunity, as the Friendship piece is back to a regular pyramid piece.

Magic Box [link]

In Season 6, a new aspect of Endurance called the Magic Box was introduced. This is a challenge where teams compete for the chance to gain an advantage over the other teams. Leslie Powell and Will Cuddy (the Green team) won the first Magic Box in the episode "Mana Kisi". Inside, the Magic Box contained one free round at the Temple of Fate, to be used before the Temple of Fate challenge begins. In addition to winning a Magic Box, teams are allowed to do what they want with the information given. They decided to lie about it. In the end when the Green Team was sent up to temple with their friends the Orange Team, they used their advantage against them and sent the Orange Team home.

Final Challenge [link]

For the Final Challenge, both teams go to the Temple of Fate with all the pieces they have won. These pieces are now used as chips to play a shell game type challenge.

The team with fewer pieces starts by placing pieces by a group of pyramids, one of which has the gold pyramid under it. That team may claim as many as it wishes but must leave at least one pyramid unclaimed. The team with more pieces must claim the pyramids that its opponent did not claim. At this point, the gold pyramid is revealed, and the team that has claimed it wins all the pieces that were played on the board. If teams have the same number of pieces the team that had fewer pieces the round before places first. If teams are tied in first round, the team that won the final mission places their pieces first

There are three pyramids to start the game, and one more is added every round thereafter. The team that gets all the pyramid pieces wins the challenge, the game and the grand prize trip.

Season summaries [link]

see also List of Endurance Episodes

[edit] Season 1 - Endurance (2002-2003)

The premiere season was taped in the summer of 2002 on Parsons Beach on Catalina Island, California. Each of the seven teams played for one of seven grand prize trips.

The Blue team of Aaron Thornburg and Jonna Mannion won their grand prize trip, which was a trip to the Amazon*.

Jonna Mannion was a participant on the show The Real World: Cancun^[7] and its spin-off show, The Challenge: Rivals, shown on MTV. She is also on the TruTv series, Rehab: Party at the Hard Rock Hotel as a cocktail waitress. She was also featured in the LMFAO music video for "La La La."

Skyler Russell was featured on A&E's Intervention (season 12, episode 8) in which he is battling an addiction to bath salts in an attempt to distance himself from his stage mother who pushed him into show business.

The season consisted of seven teams (in order of elimination):

Position	Team	Boy		Age	Girl		Age	Starting Piece(s)	Trip	Temple Winner
Position	Team	Name	Hometown	Age	Name	Hometown	Age	Starting Piece(s)	Trip	Temple Winner
7th	Gray	Max DeLeo	Los Angeles, CA	14	Jenna Jimenez	Rogers Park, IL	14	Heart and Trust	Galapagos Islands	Green
6th	Purple	Brandon Hendrix	Winter Park, FL	14	Layla Brisco	Gardena, CA	14	Strength	Costa Rica	Orange
5th	Orange	Skyler Russell	Phoenix, AZ	14	Chelsea Myers	Apache Junction, AZ	14	Luck	Bali & Komodo	Green
4th	Green	Trevor Wilkins	Chicago, IL	12	Lana Neiman	Lincoln Park, IL	14	Commitment	Amazon*	Yellow
3rd	Red	Christian Justice	San Clemente, CA	15	Ashley Gudzak	Jacksonville, FL	14	Leadership	Australia	Yellow
2nd	Yellow	Jon Crocilla	Chicago, IL	15	Sabrina Lloyd	Sugar Land, TX	15	Perseverance	Belize	Blue (Finale)
Winner	Blue	Aaron Thornburg	Bozeman, MT	15	Jonna Mannion	Chandler, AZ	13	Courage	Amazon

Right-to-Stay Eliminations

Boy			Girl
Name	Hometown	Age	Name	Hometown	Age
Shane Peltzman	Huntingdon Valley, PA	13	Lacey Elick	Bellville, TX	14
Ron Neurauter	Glen Ellyn, IL	15	Heather Ichihashi	Brooklyn, NY	14
Alejandro Rose-Garcia	Austin, TX	15	Cree Howard	Bozeman, MT	15

Elimination table [link]

Contestants		Episodes
Contestants		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11 ³	12
	Aaron & Jonna	WIN¹	WIN	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	WIN	SAMDHI	WIN	WIN	WIN	LOSE	FIRST
	Jon & Sabrina	SAFE	SAFE	WIN	SAFE	WIN	SAFE	SAFE	TEMPLE	SAFE²	TEMPLE	WIN	SECOND
	Christian & Ashley	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	WIN	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	OUT
	Trevor & Lana	SAFE	TEMPLE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	TEMPLE	WIN	OUT
	Skyler & Chelsea	SAMDHI	SAFE	SAFE	TEMPLE	SAMDHI	OUT
	Brandon & Layla	SAFE	SAFE	SAMDHI	OUT
	Max & Jenna	SAFE	OUT

Key: (FIRST) The team won the Final Temple Mission and became “Endurance” Champions.; (SECOND) The team lost the Final Temple Mission and were the runners-up.; (WIN) The team won the Endurance Mission, the previously eliminated team's pyramid pieces, and the Samadhi.; (WIN) The team won the Temple Mission.; (SAMDHI) The team was handicapped with the Samadhi by the winning team.; (SAFE) The team did not win the challenge, but was safe from going to Temple or did not receive the Samadhi.; (TEMPLE) The team won at the Temple of Fate and avoided elimination.; (OUT) The team lost at the Temple of Fate and was eliminated.
Notes

¹In "Tilt", the winning team, in this case the Blue team, won the two remaining pyramid pieces that were not in play after the "Fate Falls" challenge.
² The Yellow team would have received the Samadhi, but the Blue team decided to take it out of the game.
³In “Don't Drop the Ball”, the only prize up for grabs was the pyramid piece left behind by the Red team.

[edit] Season 2 - Endurance 2 (2003-2004)

Endurance 2 was taped in Baja California, near the resort town of La Paz, Mexico. An unusual twist in this season was the return of Jenna and Max, who were previously eliminated in season one, chosen to become the Brown Team from an alumni vote of Season 1 contestants who reunited at a reunion. One contestant, 14-year old Tyler Burkhalter, competed despite having diabetes requiring daily insulin treatments.^[8]

In the end, Max DeLeo and Jenna Jimenez won the game, earning the grand prize trip to Atlantis Paradise Island in the Bahamas.

This season consisted of eight teams (in order of elimination):

Position	Team	Boy		Age	Girl		Age	Starting Piece	Temple Winner
Position	Team	Name	Hometown	Age	Name	Hometown	Age	Starting Piece	Temple Winner
8th	Gray	Wayne Williams	Bloomfield, NJ	15	Maryelle DeVitto	Winter Park, FL	14	Heart	Orange
7th	Red	Phil Morelli	Denver, CO	14	Jacquelynn Pointer	Silver Spring, MD	13	Discipline	Orange
6th	Blue	Scooter Magruder	Orlando, FL	14	Christa Scholtz	Austin, TX	13	Trust	Purple
5th	Yellow	Shep Allen	Wayzata, MN	14	Calley Payne	Elberton, GA	15	Commitment	Brown
4th	Purple	Jeff Phillips	Sanger, CA	15	Annie Kim	Bethesda, MD	15	Leadership	Brown
3rd	Orange	Tyler Burkhalter^[8]	Jacksonville, FL	14	Michelle Durand	Linden, NJ	14	Knowledge	Green
2nd	Green	Mike Lavigne	Shelton, CT	15	Keetin Marchi	Fairfax, VA	14	Teamwork	Brown (Finale)
Winner	Brown	Max DeLeo	Los Angeles, CA	15	Jenna Jimenez	Rogers Park, IL	15	Perseverance

Right-to-Stay Eliminations

Boy			Girl
Name	Hometown	Age	Name	Hometown	Age
David Cofresi	Clermont, FL	14	Sarah Ruckreigle	Breckenridge, CO	14
Glen Powell	Austin, TX	14	Abbey Konz	Humble, TX	14
Trey Griffin	Sebring, FL	14	Simone Bouffard	Antioch, CA	15

Their eliminations did not affect the arrival of Max and Jenna as the Brown team, who arrived after the formation of the seven official teams.

Elimination table [link]

Contestants		Episodes
Contestants		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11 ²	12
	Max & Jenna	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	WIN	WIN	SAMDHI	TEMPLE	SAFE	TEMPLE	WIN	WIN (4)	FIRST
	Mike & Keetin	WIN	SAFE	WIN	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE¹	WIN	TEMPLE	WIN (4)	SECOND
	Tyler & Michelle	TEMPLE	SAMDHI	TEMPLE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	WIN	SAFE	OUT
	Jeff & Annie	SAFE	WIN	SAFE	SAFE	TEMPLE	WIN	WIN	SAFE	OUT
	Shep & Calley	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	OUT
	Scooter & Christa	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAMDHI	OUT
	Phil & Jacquelynn	SAFE	SAFE	OUT
	Wayne & Maryelle	OUT

Key: (FIRST) The team won the Final Temple Mission and became “Endurance” Champions.; (SECOND) The team lost the Final Temple Mission and were the runners-up.; (WIN) The team won the Endurance Mission and the Samadhi.; (WIN) The team won the Temple Mission.; (SAMDHI) The team was handicapped with the Samadhi by the winning team.; (SAFE) The team did not win the challenge, but was safe from going to Temple or did not receive the Samadhi.; (TEMPLE) The team won at the Temple of Fate and avoided elimination.; (OUT) The team lost at the Temple of Fate and was eliminated.

Notes

¹ The Green team would have received the Samadhi, but the Orange team decided to take it out of the game.
² In the final challenge, the Brown and Green teams competed for the eight pieces left behind by the Orange team. Each team won four pieces.

[edit] Season 3 - Endurance 3: Hawaii (2004-2005)

Moving to Wainiha Valley, Kauai, Hawaii, for the third season, a number of production problems were encountered, including difficulties in obtaining location permits, torrential rains, muddy conditions, and mosquitoes.^[1] It had 21 episodes including casting specials showing the selection process. One of the contestants, Rachel Lofton of the Red team, is the daughter of Pro Football Hall of Famer and San Diego Chargers coach James Lofton.There were many twists including bringing back six eliminated players, after the right to stay, to compete in a challenge to become an official endurance player. The winner would choose someone from the opposite sex and they would become the Brown Team. Tom won and chose Vanetta as his partner. Later, Vanetta injured her knee: while walking outside of her hut and stepping down, she cut her leg on a piece of bamboo. The cut required more than 20 stitches, and she was removed from the game, making Tom the first person in Endurance to be a one-person team. Also, he was the first person to go to the Temple of Fate without a partner.

In the end, the Gray team of Chris Vanderweir and Lindi Oest won, with a trip to the Galápagos Islands as their prize.^[9]

This was the only season to see the Gray team continue on past the first temple elimination. There was also a special program at the conclusion of the season showing winners Chris Vanderweir and Lindi Oest enjoying their trip to the Galápagos Islands.^[10]

After the season, Vanetta Smith of the Brown team starred in the movie Freedom Writers.

Demian Martinez was also a contestant on The N's reality show, Girls v. Boys Puerto Rico.

In 2012, Tom Maden is playing Rigo in season 3 of the ABCFamily show Make it or Break it.

The eight teams competing were (in order of elimination):

Position	Team	Boy		Age	Girl		Age	Starting Piece	Temple Winner
Position	Team	Name	Hometown	Age	Name	Hometown	Age	Starting Piece	Temple Winner
8th	Blue	Antonio Iannicelli	Wellesley, MA	14	Willa Zhou^[11]	Seattle, WA	15	Commitment	Orange
7th	Green	Bjorn Leum	Ennis, MT	15	Alex Reid	Plano, TX	15	Heart	Yellow
6th	Red	Kareem Nugent	Bronx, NY	15	Rachel Lofton	Poway, CA	13	Trust	Brown
5th	Brown	Tom Maden	Little Rock, AR	14	Vanetta Smith	Cleveland, OH	14	Perseverance	Yellow
4th	Purple	Reece Bors^[12]	Shelbyville, KY	14	Sarah Baker	Downers Grove, IL	13	Discipline	Gray
3rd	Yellow	Monroe Gierl	Glendale, WI	15	Bryanah Bascon	Stoughton, MA	14	Teamwork	Gray
2nd	Orange	Demian Martinez^[13]	Las Vegas, NV	15	Nicole Clark	Los Angeles, CA	14	Leadership	Gray (Finale)
Winner	Gray	Chris Vanderweir	St. Augustine, FL	15	Lindi Oest	Tampa, FL	13	Knowledge

Right-to-Stay Eliminations

Boy			Girl
Name	Hometown	Age	Name	Hometown	Age
Marshall Katheder	Orlando, FL	14	Taylor Madison	Dallas, TX	15
Brandon Anderson	Lithonia, GA	13	Eleanor Monahan	Hyde Park, MA	14

Elimination table [link]

Contestants		Episodes
Contestants		1	2	3	4	5	6²	7	8		9	10	11	12	13⁴	14
	Chris & Lindi	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	WIN	WIN	WIN	SAFE		SAMDHI	TEMPLE	WIN	TEMPLE	WIN (2)	FIRST
	Demian & Nicole	SAFE	TEMPLE	WIN	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE		SAFE	WIN	SAFE	WIN	LOSE (0)	SECOND
	Monroe & Bryanah	SAMDHI	WIN	TEMPLE	WIN¹	WIN	SAMDHI	SAMDHI	TEMPLE		WIN	SAFE	SAMDHI	OUT
	Reece & Sarah	WIN	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	WIN	SAFE	SAFE	WIN		SAFE	OUT
	Tom	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	TEMPLE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	OUT
	Vanetta	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	TEMPLE	SAFE	SAFE	DQ³
	Kareem & Rachel	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	OUT
	Bjorn & Alex	SAFE	SAFE	OUT
	Antonio & Willa	SAFE	OUT

Key: (FIRST) The team won the Final Temple Mission and became “Endurance” Champions.; (SECOND) The team lost the Final Temple Mission and were the runners-up.; (WIN) The team won the Endurance Mission, the previously eliminated team's pyramid pieces, and the Samadhi.; (WIN) The team won the Temple Mission.; (SAMDHI) The team was handicapped with the Samadhi by the winning team.; (SAFE) The team did not win the challenge, but was safe from going to Temple or did not receive the Samadhi.; (TEMPLE) The team won at the Temple of Fate and avoided elimination.; (OUT) The team lost at the Temple of Fate and was eliminated.; (DQ) This team/person was disqualified before they were sent to temple.

Notes

¹ In "Out on a Limb" there was no Samadhi to give to another team, nor did the winning team win a pyramid piece. The winning team (Yellow) got the chance to create two super-teams. The Yellow team created their super-team of Yellow, Grey, and Purple. The second super-team was Orange, Brown, and Red. The winning super-team members were all safe from going to the Temple of Fate.
² The Samahdi won by the Grey team in the endurance challenge allowed them to steal another team's pieces. The Grey team chose to steal the Yellow team's two pieces.
³ Due to Vanetta's removal from the game, Tom was eliminated at the Temple of Fate alone.
⁴ The final challenge, the Grey and Orange teams competed for the two pieces left behind by the Yellow team. The Grey team won both pieces.

[edit] Season 4 - Endurance: Tehachapi (2005-2006)

Returning to California for the next two seasons, Endurance: Tehachapi was taped in the Tehachapi Mountains in the summer of 2005 for airing beginning that Fall.^[14] A 13th pyramid piece, Friendship, was added this season. The Red team of Franke Sisto and Erika Cook won the grand prize, a trip to Costa Rica.

Julie Dubela appeared on American Juniors in 2003 and auditioned for American Idol.

Contestants and teams [link]

There was no Brown team this season, which meant only seven teams competed:

Position	Team	Boy		Age	Girl		Age	Starting Piece	Temple Winner
Position	Team	Name	Hometown	Age	Name	Hometown	Age	Starting Piece	Temple Winner
7th	Gray	John Kardian	Westchester, NY	15	Julie Dubela	Stratham, NH	14	Commitment	Blue
6th	Yellow	Chris Tavarez	Atlanta, GA	12	Callie Simpkins	Frederick, MD	14	Trust	Red
5th	Orange	Michael Delvecchio	Bailey, CO	15	Kylie Glessman	Simpsonville, SC	15	Knowledge	Purple
4th	Blue	Shea Thomas	Douglasville, GA	15	Amelia Land	Macon, GA	15	Courage	Red
3rd	Green	Isaac Hainley	Portland, OR	15	Jeszie Geronimo	Boston, MA	15	Leadership	Purple
2nd	Purple	Jonathan Lebowitz	New York, NY	15	Daniela Bustamante	Boca Raton, FL	14	Perseverance	Red (Finale)
Winner	Red	Franke Sisto	Sewell, NJ	15	Erika Cook^[14]	Lake Forest, CA	15	Heart

Right-to-Stay Eliminations

Boy		Girl
Name	Hometown	Age	Name	Hometown	Age
Nick Verderosa	Bethel, CT	15	Brittany Harvey	Slidell, LA	15
Tucker Baer	Littleton, CO	15	Kendall Yorkey	Menomonee Falls, WI	14
Keith Walker II	Chandler, AZ	14	Brooke Bellows	Maitland, FL	14

Elimination table [link]

Contestants		Episodes
Contestants		1	2	3	4	5²	6	7	8	9	10	11³	12
	Franke & Erika	SAFE	SAFE	WIN¹	TEMPLE	SAMDHI	SAFE	SAMDHI	TEMPLE	SAFE	WIN	WIN (3)	FIRST
	Jonathan & Daniela	SAFE	WIN	SAFE	WIN	TEMPLE	TEMPLE	SAFE	WIN	WIN	TEMPLE	WIN (4)	SECOND
	Isaac & Jeszie	WIN	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	WIN	WIN	WIN	SAFE	SAMDHI	OUT
	Shea & Amelia	SAFE	TEMPLE	SAFE	WIN	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	OUT
	Michael & Kylie	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	WIN	SAFE	OUT
	Chris & Callie	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	OUT
	John & Julie	SAMDHI	OUT

Key: (FIRST) The team won the Final Temple Mission and became “Endurance” Champions.; (SECOND) The team lost the Final Temple Mission and were the runners-up.; (WIN) The team won the Endurance Mission, the previously eliminated team's pyramid pieces, and the Samadhi.; (WIN) The team won the Temple Mission.; (SAMDHI) The team was handicapped with the Samadhi by the winning team.; (SAFE) The team did not win the challenge, but was safe from going to Temple or did not receive the Samadhi.; (TEMPLE) The team won at the Temple of Fate and avoided elimination.; (TEMPLE) The team came in last place during the Endurance mission and was forced to go to Temple in the next episode.; (OUT) The team lost at the Temple of Fate and was eliminated.

Notes

¹In "Drop Out," there was no Samadhi to give to another team. The winning team (Red) got the chance to create two super-teams. The Red team created their super-team of Red, Green, and Yellow. The second super-team was Blue, Purple, and Orange. The winning super-team members were all safe from going to the Temple of Fate.
²In "Waterworks," the Purple Team was forced to go to Temple of Fate in the next episode for coming last in the Endurance mission. If they won the next Temple Mission (the "Fireball" challenge), they could have sent another team in their place. However, they did not win it, so the Purple Team went to Temple.
³In “Spin Fly,” each team won a certain amount of Pyramid Pieces in the challenge, which is indicated in parentheses.

Challenges [link]

Blocked
Raft Pull
Drop Out
Super Stumped
Waterworks
Fireball (a challenge from a previous season voted by "Endurance" fans to appear again)
Hang Five
Cubed
Final Endurance
Circle of Trust
Spin Fly
Final Temple

[edit] Season 5 - Endurance: High Sierras (2006-2007)

The fifth season was taped at Shaver Lake in the High Sierra Mountains of central California. Contestants lived in multi-level tree houses without electricity. The Green Team of Alex Carignan and Cealey Godwin, won the grand prize, a trip to Hawaii.

In a new twist to the fifth season's contestant selection, the Discovery Kids website held a casting poll in which fans could vote for one boy and one girl out of six hopefuls. Garret Manno and Kelsey Schultz won this poll by a narrow margin and were the 99th and 100th contestants out of the history of the program.

In the third episode ("Unwind"), one team – Garret Manno and Anna Asare – was eliminated without going to Temple. They finished last in the first challenge and left the game without a team color; the other seven teams selected colors as they finished. The "colorless team" received the "Immunity Triangle", which they gave to the Purple team of Kelsey and Dakota. The team that received the Triangle of Immunity may use it once to avoid going to the Temple of Fate; they never did.

The Blue team of Connor Finnegan and Taylor Sico-McNulty set a record this season by surviving three trips to the Temple. Dakota Fisher, of the Purple team, was featured in a commercial for Burlington Coat Factory. Kelsey Schultz, also of the Purple team, appeared in the movie Queen Sized. Max McFarland of the Orange team was featured on in-store advertisements nationwide in Hallmark Gold Crown stores. Aerial Miranda of the Red team, competed in a family edition of Fear Factor.

Contestants and teams [link]

The eight teams competing were:

Position	Team	Boy		Age	Girl		Age	Starting Piece	Temple Winner
Position	Team	Name	Hometown	Age	Name	Hometown	Age	Starting Piece	Temple Winner
8th	N/A	Garret Manno	Orlando, FL	13	Anna Nti Asare	Laramie, WY	14	Friendship	got eliminated without going to temple
7th	Gray	Isaac (Ike) Moody	Riverside, CA	15	Darci Miller	Baldwin, NY	15	Luck	Yellow
6th	Yellow	Aric Manthey	Madison, SD	15	Lilly Brown	Bloomington, IN	15	Trust	Blue
5th	Orange	Max McFarland	Kansas City, MO	14	Kristine Turner	Huntington Beach, CA	14	Strength	Blue
4th	Red	Cameron Uranick	Orlando, FL	14	Aerial Miranda	Dallas, TX^[15]	14	Knowledge	Blue
3rd	Blue	Connor Finnegan	Acton, MA	15	Taylor Sico-McNulty	Boxford, MA	14	Perseverance	Green
2nd	Purple	Dakota Fisher	Eliot, ME	15	Kelsey Schultz	Rockwall, TX	15	Teamwork	Green (Finale)
Winner	Green	Alex Carignan	Leominster, MA	14	Cealey Godwin	Tallahassee, FL	14	Commitment

Right-to-Stay Eliminations

Boy			Girl
Name	Hometown	Age	Name	Hometown	Age
Adrian Bardales	LaPlace, LA	15	Martina Iwala	Ruston, LA	14
Rafael Liriano	Bronx, NY	15	Stefanie Fernandez	Boca Raton, FL	15

* Initially, the Blue team was Ike and Taylor and the Gray team was Connor and Darci. The Blue team gave the Samadhi to the Red team thinking they were going to switch Alex and Cameron but they used it to switch Connor and Ike.

** Anna and Garret were eliminated after an Endurance mission and never went to the Temple of Fate.

Elimination Table [link]

Contestants		Challenges
Contestants		1¹	2		3	4	5³	6	7	8⁴	9	10	11⁵	12
	Alex & Cealey	WIN	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	WIN	SAFE	SAFE	TEMPLE	WIN (5)	FIRST
	Dakota & Kelsey	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	WIN	WIN	SAFE	SAMDHI	WIN	WIN	WIN (3)	SECOND
	Connor & Taylor	SAFE	WIN²	SAMDHI	WIN	SAFE	SAFE	TEMPLE	TEMPLE	WIN	TEMPLE	OUT
	Cameron & Aerial	SAFE	SAFE	CTRL	SAFE	WIN	SAFE	WIN	SAFE	TEMPLE	OUT
	Max & Kristine	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	WIN	OUT
	Aric & Lilly	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	TEMPLE	SAFE	OUT
	Issac & Darci	SAFE	SAFE	SAMDHI	SAMDHI	OUT
Garret & Anna		OUT

Key: (FIRST) The team won the Final Temple Mission and became “Endurance” Champions.; (SECOND) The team lost the Final Temple Mission and were the runners-up.; (WIN) The team won the Endurance Mission, the previously eliminated team's pyramid pieces, and the Samadhi.; (WIN) The team won the Temple Mission.; (SAMDHI) The team was handicapped with the Samadhi by the winning team.; (SAFE) The team did not win the challenge, but was safe from going to Temple or did not receive the Samadhi.; (TEMPLE) The team won at the Temple of Fate and avoided elimination.; (TEMPLE) The team came in last place during the Endurance mission and was forced to go to Temple in the next episode.; (OUT) The team lost at the Temple of Fate and was eliminated.; (OUT) The team was eliminated without a team color.

¹ In “Unwind” Garret & Anna finished last in the challenge meaning they were eliminated without receiving a team color.
² In “Hot Potato” the Blue Team of Ike and Taylor won the Samadhi that would allow the team who possessed it to switch two players on any two teams. After receiving the Samadhi, the Red Team used it to put Ike on the Gray team with Darci and Connor on the blue team with Taylor.
³ In “Fill & Spill” there was no Samadhi to give to another team. The winning team (Purple) got the chance to create two super-teams. The Purple team created their super-team of Purple, Red, and Orange. The second super-team was Green, Blue, and Yellow. The winning super-team members were all safe from going to the Temple of Fate.
⁴ In “Create Your Own Game” the Red Team was forced to go to Temple of Fate in the next episode for coming last in the Endurance mission. If they won the next Temple Mission (the "Fill ‘Er Up" challenge), they could have sent another team in their place. However, they did not win it, so the Red Team went to Temple.
⁵ In “Slingshot Alley” the Green and Purple teams competed for the final eight pyramid pieces of the game. The Green team won five while the Purple team won three of the pieces.

[edit] Season 6 – Endurance: Fiji (2007-2008)

Repeating the candidate selection innovation first introduced for Season 5's Endurance: High Sierras, a casting poll was again held at the Discovery Kids website, allowing fans to select two contestants from a group of six hopefuls. The contest ran from June until July 9. Will Cuddy and Leslie Powell won the casting poll (and later became the Green Team). Two contestants are siblings of previous Endurance contestants. Connor Konz's sister Abbey and Leslie Powell's brother Glen both competed in Season 2 (and were subsequently eliminated in the Right-to Stay challenge).

Episodes began airing on October 13, 2007, on the Discovery Kids channel with the finale broadcast March 8, 2008. A new feature, the "Magic Box", was introduced in this season's third episode (Mana Kisi), giving a secret advantage to the team that wins it.

The Blue team of Ben Scheuer and Jordyn Barbato won the grand prize which was a trip to Australia.^[16] This was also the second time the blue team has become the endurance champion with Jonna Mannion and Aaron Throrburg being the first in season 1.

Also, with this being the last season, that leaves the Purple, Orange and Yellow teams without winning an Endurance.

Briana Vega (who was on the Yellow Team) became a contestant on High School Musical: Get in the Picture

Rebecca Simonoko (who was eliminated in the right-to-stay challenge) is currently featured on a web series entitled, "Life on Tour," a teen travel experience from the makers of "The Real World."

There was no Gray or Brown team this season, which meant only six teams competed:^[17]

Position	Team	Boy		Age	Girl		Age	Starting Piece	Temple Winner
Position	Team	Name	Hometown	Age	Name	Hometown	Age	Starting Piece	Temple Winner
6th	Yellow	Kyle Curtis	Pearland, TX	15	Briana Vega	Winter Springs, FL	15	Perseverance	Purple
5th	Purple	Connor Konz	Humble, TX	15	Jackie Wei	Highlands Ranch, CO	15	Leadership	Blue
4th	Orange	Caleb Courtney^[17]	Blowing Rock, NC^[18]	15	Lauren Dixon	Maitland, FL	15	Courage	Green
3rd	Red	Jonathan Young	Orange Beach, AL	14	Hannah Gross	West Bloomfield, MI	14	Heart	Blue
2nd	Green	Will Cuddy^[19]	Beaverton, OR	15	Leslie Powell	Austin, TX	15	Friendship	Blue (Finale)
Winner	Blue	Ben Scheuer	Cloquet, MN	15	Jordyn Barbato	Gibsonton, FL	14	Strength

Boy			Girl
Name	Hometown	Age	Name	Hometown	Age
Andres Ramirez	Austin, TX	15	Rebecca Simonoko	Ludlow, MA	15
Matthew Jones	Raleigh, NC	14	Cinnamon Aldridge	Omaha, NE	13

Elimination Table [link]

Contestants		Challenges
Contestants		1	2	3	4	5	6	7³	8		9⁵	10
	Ben & Jordyn	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	SAFE	TEMPLE	SAFE	WIN	TEMPLE		WIN (2)	FIRST
	Will & Leslie	WIN¹	SAFE	SAFE	WIN	SAFE	WIN	TEMPLE	SAFE	SAFE	WIN (3)	SECOND
	Jonathan & Hannah	SAFE	SAFE	WIN	SAFE	SAFE	SAMDHI	WIN	WIN⁴	OUT
	Caleb & Lauren	SAFE	WIN²	SAFE	SAFE	WIN	SAFE	OUT
	Connor & Jackie	SAFE	SAFE	TEMPLE	SAMDHI	OUT
	Kyle & Briana	SAFE	TEMPLE	OUT

Key: (FIRST) The team won the Final Temple Mission and became “Endurance” Champions.; (SECOND) The team lost the Final Temple Mission and were the runners-up.; (WIN) The team won the Endurance Mission, the previously eliminated team's pyramid pieces, and the Samadhi.; (WIN) The team won the Temple Mission.; (SAMDHI) The team was handicapped with the Samadhi by the winning team.; (SAFE) The team did not win the challenge, but was safe from going to Temple or did not receive the Samadhi.; (TEMPLE) The team won at the Temple of Fate and avoided elimination.; (TEMPLE) The team was selected to go to Temple by the Endurance mission winners.; (OUT) The team lost at the Temple of Fate and was eliminated.

¹ By winning the first challenge, the Green team won the Magic Box.
² The Orange team decided to remove the Samadhi from the game so that they could instead automatically send the Yellow team to the Temple of Fate.
³ In “Shark Bait” the Blue and Red Teams won the challenge, granting them both immunity from the Temple of Fate.
⁴ In “Stand Bags” the Red Team won the challenge but was not guaranteed immunity because of it.
⁵ In the "Scavenger Hunt" challenge, the Blue and Green teams competed for the final five pyramid pieces of the game. The Blue team won two while the Green team won three of the pieces.

References [link]

^ ^a ^b ^c "Kauai film project battled adversity", Honolulu Star-Bulletin, June 28, 2004.
^ ^a ^b Nancy West, "An Acton boy is among the competitors on a TV survival show", Boston Globe, January 11, 2007
^ Nancy West, "Determined Boxford teen stakes her claim on TV show", Boston Globe, January 18, 2007.
^ Steven Gintz, "Teen finds 'Endurance' to compete", Foster's Daily Democrat (Maine), March 13, 2007.
^ "Must-see TV: Beaverton teen rocks the small screen in ‘Endurance: Fiji’", Beaverton Valley Times, October 12, 2007.
^ Samadhi is Sanskrit for "contemplation"
^ http://vevmo.com/f56/the-real-world-cancun-complete-cast-2978/index2.html
^ ^a ^b "Children's Congress Teen Tyler Burkhalter Makes the Final Four on Endurance!". New York: Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. January 28, 2004. http://kids.jdrf.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.viewPage&page_id=5919D3DB-2A5E-7B6E-1490C1A85D9F5A76. Retrieved 2009-04-25.
^ Walt Belcher (October 10, 2007). "Teen Roughing It Learns More Than 'Endurance'". The Tampa Tribune. http://www2.tbo.com/content/2007/oct/10/teen-roughing-it-learns-more-endurance/. Retrieved 2009-04-25.
^ Monique Frigard (2005-03-01). "Las Vegas teen makes it to finals on NBC's Endurance". Las Vegas Review Journal. http://www.reviewjournal.com/lvrj_home/2005/Mar-01-Tue-2005/living/25926891.html. Retrieved 2008-04-04.
^ Gary Dretzka (September 25, 2004). "Bug-filled 'Endurance' ordeal". The Seattle Times. http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/artsentertainment/2002045603_endurance25.html. Retrieved 2009-04-25.
^ "Shellbyville Teen Stars on NBC Reality Show". WAVE (TV), Louisville, Kentucky. October 20, 2004. http://www.wave3.com/Global/story.asp?S=2455679. Retrieved 2009-04-25.
^ Monique Frigard (March 1, 2005). "Las Vegas teen makes it to finals on NBC's `Endurance'". Las Vegas Review-Journal. http://www.reviewjournal.com/lvrj_home/2005/Mar-01-Tue-2005/living/25926891.html. Retrieved 2009-04-25.
^ ^a ^b Rita Freeman (March 17, 2005). "Power of positive thinking Reality show finalist". The Orange County Register. http://www.ocregister.com/ocregister/news/local/communities/missionviejo/article_1053366.php. Retrieved 2009-04-25.
^ "Milam students meet Olympic Silver Medalist," El Paso Independent School District, January 31, 2007.
^ Walt Belcher (March 8, 2008). "Secret's Out: Local Girl Wins TV Challenge". The Tampa Tribune. http://www2.tbo.com/content/2008/mar/08/me-secrets-out-local-girl-wins-tv-challenge/?news-breaking. Retrieved 2008-04-03.
^ ^a ^b Jeff Eason (October 17, 2007). "Local Teen Competes on Discovery Kids Channel Reality Series". Mountain Times. http://www.mountaintimes.com/mtweekly/2007/1011/endurancefiji.php3. Retrieved 2009-04-25.
^ http://kids.discovery.com/fansites/endurance/bios/season6/final/index.html
^ Elena Boryczka (October 12, 2007). "Must-see TV: Beaverton teen rocks the small screen in ‘Endurance: Fiji’". Beaverton Valley Times. http://www.beavertonvalleytimes.com/features/story.php?story_id=119220509682342300. Retrieved 2009-04-25.

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Endurance

Cast

Make changes yourself !

Make changes yourself !

Make changes yourself !

Make changes yourself !

Make changes yourself !

Make changes yourself !

Contents

[edit] Season 1 - Endurance (2002-2003)

[edit] Season 2 - Endurance 2 (2003-2004)

[edit] Season 3 - Endurance 3: Hawaii (2004-2005)

[edit] Season 4 - Endurance: Tehachapi (2005-2006)

[edit] Season 5 - Endurance: High Sierras (2006-2007)

[edit] Season 6 – Endurance: Fiji (2007-2008)

Related pages: