- published: 10 Sep 2008
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- author: koepnick208
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- Ada County, Idaho
- Adams County, Idaho
- Adventure Time
- Ahavath Beth Israel
- Alabama
- Alaska
- Albany, New York
- Albertsons LLC
- Alfred B. Mullett
- Alpine skiing
- American football
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- Ammon, Idaho
- AMSL
- Annapolis, Maryland
- Area code 208
- Arenafootball2
- Argentina
- Arizona
- Arkansas
- Atlanta
- Augusta, Maine
- Austin, Texas
- Autumn
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- Basque people
- Benjamin Bonneville
- Bike path
- Bill Buckner
- Blackfoot, Idaho
- Blaine County, Idaho
- BoDo
- Bodybuilding.com
- Bogus Basin
- Boise Airport
- Boise Art Museum
- Boise Bible College
- Boise Burn
- Boise Cascade
- Boise City Council
- Boise County, Idaho
- Boise Greenbelt
- Boise greenbelt
- Boise Hawks
- Boise High School
- Boise Idaho Temple
- Boise Little Theatre
- Boise River
- Boise WaterShed
- Boise Weekly
- Boise, Idaho
- Boise, Inc.
- Bonner County, Idaho
- Bonnie McCarroll
- Borah High School
- Boston
- Bowling for Soup
- Brett Nelson
- Brian Scott
- Bronco Stadium
- Burley, Idaho
- Butte County, Idaho
- Cache Valley
- Caldwell, Idaho
- California
- Camas County, Idaho
- Canyon County, Idaho
- Capital (political)
- Carnegie Library
- Carson City, Nevada
- Cassia County, Idaho
- Catholic school
- Cecil Andrus
- Census
- Central Idaho
- CenturyLink Arena
- Cheyenne, Wyoming
- Chile
- Chubbuck, Idaho
- City
- Clark County, Idaho
- Clearwater Analytics
- ClickBank
- Coeur d'Alene, Idaho
- College of Idaho
- Colorado
- Columbia Plateau
- Columbus, Ohio
- Commuter town
- Confluence
- Connecticut
- County seat
- Crime in Idaho
- Cross-country skiing
- Culture of Idaho
- Curtis Stigers
- Custer County, Idaho
- David H. Bieter
- Daylight saving time
- Delaware
- Delta Air Lines
- Denver
- Des Moines, Iowa
- DIRECTV
- Dirk Kempthorne
- DIY
- Doug Martsch
- Dover, Delaware
- Downtown
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- Economy of Idaho
- Education in Idaho
- Eilen Jewell
- Elmore County, Idaho
- Emmett, Idaho
- Endangered Species
- Federal capital
- Field Turf
- Film festival
- Florida
- Foothill
- Forbes
- Fort Boise
- Fortune (magazine)
- Frank Church
- Frank Shrontz
- Frankfort, Kentucky
- French Canadian
- French language
- Frontier Airlines
- Fruitland, Idaho
- Fur trapping
- Garden City, Idaho
- Gary L. Stevens
- Gem County, Idaho
- Gene Harris
- George Kennedy
- Georgia (U.S. state)
- Giant sequoia
- Great Basin
- Grove Plaza
- Guam
- Hagåtña, Guam
- Hawaii
- Heather Cox
- Helena, Montana
- Hewlett Packard
- Hidden Spring, Idaho
- History of Idaho
- Homedale, Idaho
- Honolulu
- Horizon Air
- Howard W. Hunter
- Hudson's Bay Company
- Ice hockey
- IDACORP
- Idaho
- Idaho Bancorp
- Idaho City, Idaho
- Idaho County, Idaho
- Idaho Falls, Idaho
- Idaho Panhandle
- Idaho Power Company
- Idaho Press-Tribune
- Idaho Stampede
- Idaho State Capitol
- Idaho Statesman
- Idaho Steelheads
- Idaho Territory
- Idaho Timber
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Indianapolis
- Indie music
- Iowa
- J.R. Simplot
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- Jackson, Mississippi
- Jaialdi
- Jake Plummer
- James Jesus Angleton
- Jazz
- Jeremy Shada
- Jeret Peterson
- Jerome County, Idaho
- Joe Albertson
- John M. Haines
- John P. Cassidy
- John Sanford Cole
- Julia Davis Park
- Juneau, Alaska
- Kansas
- KBOI-TV
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- Kristin Armstrong
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- Lanham, Maryland
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- Oneida County, Idaho
- Ontario, Oregon
- Oregon
- Oregon Trail
- Outline of Idaho
- Owyhee County, Idaho
- Owyhee River
- Pago Pago
- Palouse
- Parma, Idaho
- Pennsylvania
- Peregrine Falcon
- Phoenix, Arizona
- Pierre, South Dakota
- Pocatello, Idaho
- Politics of Idaho
- Portland, Oregon
- Post Falls, Idaho
- Power County, Idaho
- Public transport
- Puerto Rico
- Reginald Owen
- Rexburg, Idaho
- Rhode Island
- Richmond, Virginia
- Robert Adler
- Robert E. Smylie
- Rocky Mountains
- Roller derby
- Saipan
- Salem, Oregon
- Salt Lake City
- Salt Lake City, Utah
- Santa Fe, New Mexico
- Scott Jorgensen
- Season
- Semi-arid climate
- Semi-pro football
- Shibboleth
- Silver City, Idaho
- Ski area
- Snake River
- Snow tubing
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- South Carolina
- South Dakota
- Southern Idaho
- Southwest Airlines
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- Sports entertainment
- Spring (season)
- Stanley, Idaho
- Star, Idaho
- Streetcar
- Sublime
- Sunset Magazine
- Sybase
- Syringa Bancorp
- T-Mobile
- Taco Bell Arena
- Tallahassee, Florida
- Teleperformance
- Template Idaho
- Template talk Idaho
- Tennessee
- Terrain
- Teton County, Idaho
- Texas
- The Idaho Statesman
- Theater
- Thom Pace
- Time zone
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- Torrie Wilson
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- Treefort Music Fest
- Trenton, New Jersey
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- Wayback Machine
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-
Ada County, Idaho
Ada County is a county in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2010 Census, the county had a population of 392,365. The county seat and largest city is Boise, which is also the state capital. Other cities in the county with over 10,000 residents include Meridian, Eagle, Kuna, and Garden City. Ada County is by far the state's largest in population, containing more than one quarter of the state's residents, and contains its only county highway district; the Ada County Highway District (ACHD) has jurisdiction over all the local county and city streets, except for private roads and state roads.
Ada County is part of the Boise City-Nampa, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Ada County was created by the Idaho Territorial Legislature on December 22, 1864, partitioned from Boise County. It is named for Ada Riggs, the first pioneer child born in the area and the daughter of H.C. Riggs, a co-founder of Boise.Canyon County, which originally included Payette County and most of Gem County, was partitioned from western Ada County in 1891.
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Adams County, Idaho
Adams County is a rural county located in the state of Idaho. As of the 2010 census the county had a population of 3,976. The county seat and largest city is Council.
Adams County was established in 1911 and was named in honor of President John Adams. Adams County is home to the Brundage Mountain ski area, northeast of New Meadows, and the Idaho ground squirrel.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,370.00 square miles (3,548.3 km2), of which 1,364.58 square miles (3,534.2 km2) (or 99.60%) is land and 5.43 square miles (14.1 km2) (or 0.40%) is water.
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,476 people, 1,421 households, and 1,031 families residing in the county. The population density was 2.5 people per square mile (1.0/km²). There were 1,982 housing units at an average density of 2 per square mile (1/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 96.29% White, 1.41% Native American, 0.14% Asian, 0.06% Black or African American, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.92% from other races, and 1.15% from two or more races. 1.55% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 25.6% were of American, 17.9% German, 11.8% English and 7.0% Irish ancestry according to Census 2000.
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Alabama
Alabama (
i/ˌæləˈbæmə/) is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama is the 30th-most extensive and the 23rd-most populous of the 50 United States. Alabama ranks second in the area of its inland waterways.
From the American Civil War until World War II, Alabama, like many Southern states, suffered economic hardship, in part because of continued dependence on agriculture. Despite the growth of major industries and urban centers, white rural interests dominated the state legislature until the 1960s, while urban interests and African Americans were under-represented. Following World War II, Alabama experienced growth as the economy of the state transitioned from agriculture to diversified interests in heavy manufacturing, mineral extraction, education, and technology. In addition, the establishment or expansion of multiple military installations, primarily those of the U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force, added to state jobs.
wn.com/Alabama -
Alaska
Alaska (i/əˈlæskə/) is the largest state in the United States by area. It is situated in the northwest extremity of the North American continent, with Canada to the east, the Arctic Ocean to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the west and south, with Russia further west across the Bering Strait. Alaska is the 4th least populous and the least densely populated of the 50 United States. Approximately half of Alaska's 722,718 residents live within the Anchorage metropolitan area.
Alaska was purchased from Russia on March 30, 1867, for $7.2 million ($120 million in today's[when?] dollars) at approximately two cents per acre ($4.74/km²). The land went through several administrative changes before becoming an organized (or incorporated) territory on May 11, 1912, and the 49th state of the U.S. on January 3, 1959.
The name "Alaska" (Аляска) was already introduced in the Russian colonial period, when it was used only for the peninsula and is derived from the Aleut alaxsxaq, meaning "the mainland" or, more literally, "the object towards which the action of the sea is directed". It is also known as Alyeska, the "great land", an Aleut word derived from the same root.
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Ammon, Idaho
Ammon is a city in Bonneville County, Idaho, United States. As of the 2010 US Census the population of Ammon was 13,816.
Having more than doubled in size since 2000, Ammon is among the fastest-growing cities in Idaho. It is part of the Idaho Falls, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Ammon was founded by members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1888. It was originally called South Iona because it was the dependent branch in the south end of the Iona, Idaho ward. The area was made a ward in the church in 1889 with Arthur M. Rawson as bishop, who renamed the town in honor of Ammon, a figure in the LDS book of scripture, the Book of Mormon. Since it was now independent of the Iona Ward, a new name seemed appropriate. On February 9, 1893, the name of the town was changed from South Iona Ward to Ammon.
By 1930 the village of Ammon had 270 inhabitants, but the total district of Ammon, which is how the name is usually used and is closer to the modern borders, had a population of about 1100.
wn.com/Ammon,_Idaho -
Annapolis, Maryland
Annapolis is the capital of the U.S. state of Maryland, as well as the county seat of Anne Arundel County. It had a population of 38,394 at the 2010 census and is situated on the Chesapeake Bay at the mouth of the Severn River, 26 miles (42 km) south of Baltimore and about 29 miles (47 km) east of Washington, D.C. Annapolis is part of the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area. The city was the temporary capital of the United States in 1783–1784 and the site of the Annapolis Peace Conference, held in November 2007, at the United States Naval Academy. Annapolis is the home of St. John's College.
A settlement in the Province of Maryland named Providence was founded on the north shore of the Severn River in 1649 by Puritan exiles from Virginia led by Governor William Stone. The settlers later moved to a better-protected harbor on the south shore. The settlement on the south shore was initially named "Town at Proctor's," then "Town at the Severn," and later "Anne Arundel's Towne" (after the wife of Lord Baltimore who died soon afterwards). The city became very wealthy through the slave trade.
wn.com/Annapolis,_Maryland -
Area code 208
208 is the North American telephone area code for all of Idaho.
Because of its small population, Idaho is one of the few North American jurisdictions with one area code. In 2001, the Federal Communications Commission projected the 208 area code would be exhausted in 2003, but in 2002 the Idaho Public Utilities Commission was able to successfully delay a split by implementing number pooling in the Boise area. In 2007 number pooling was implemented throughout Idaho to stave off projected exhaustion in 2010.
There are currently no plans to split or overlay the 208 area code.
Coordinates: 45°N 114°W / 45°N 114°W / 45; -114
wn.com/Area_code_208 -
Argentina
Argentinai/ˌɑrdʒənˈtiːnə/, officially the Argentine Republic (Spanish: República Argentina [reˈpuβlika aɾxenˈtina]), is a country in South America, the continent's second largest by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. It is the eighth-largest country in the world by land area and the largest among Spanish-speaking nations.
Argentina's continental area is between the Andes mountain range in the west and the Atlantic Ocean in the east. It borders Paraguay and Bolivia to the north, Brazil and Uruguay to the northeast, and Chile to the west and south. Argentine claims over Antarctica, as well as overlapping claims made by Chile and the United Kingdom, are suspended by the Antarctic Treaty of 1961. Argentina also claims the Falkland Islands (Spanish: Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, which are administered by the United Kingdom as British Overseas Territories.
A recognised middle power, Argentina is Latin America's third-largest economy, with a "very high" rating on the Human development index. Within Latin America, Argentina has the fifth highest nominal GDP per capita and the highest in purchasing power terms. Analysts have argued that the country has a "foundation for future growth due to its market size, levels of foreign direct investment, and percentage of high-tech exports as share of total manufactured goods", and it is classed by investors as middle emerging economy. Argentina is a founding member of the United Nations, Mercosur, the Union of South American Nations, the Organization of Ibero-American States, the World Bank Group and the World Trade Organization, and is one of the G-15 and G-20 major economies.
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Arkansas
Arkansas (i/ˈɑrkənsɔː/ AR-kən-saw) is a state located in the Southern region of the United States. Its name is an Algonquian name of the Quapaw Indians. Arkansas shares borders with six states (N: Missouri; E: Tennessee, Mississippi; S: Louisiana; SW: Texas; W: Oklahoma), and its eastern border is largely defined by the Mississippi River. Its diverse geography ranges from the mountainous regions of the Ozarks and the Ouachita Mountains, which make up the U.S. Interior Highlands, to the eastern lowlands along the Mississippi River. Arkansas is the 29th most extensive and the 32nd most populous of the 50 United States. The capital and most populous city is Little Rock, located in the central portion of the state.
The name “Arkansas” derives from the same root as the name for the state of Kansas. The Kansa tribe of Native Americans are closely associated with the Sioux tribes of the Great Plains. The word “Arkansas” itself is a French pronunciation (“Arcansas”) of a Quapaw (a related “Kaw” tribe) word, akakaze, meaning “land of downriver people” or the Sioux word akakaze meaning “people of the south wind”. The pronunciation of Arkansas was made official by an act of the state legislature in 1881, after a dispute between two U.S. Senators from Arkansas. One wanted to pronounce the name /ɑrˈkænzəs/ ar-KAN-zəs and the other wanted /ˈɑrkənsɔː/ AR-kən-saw.
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Atlanta
Atlanta (
/ətˈlæntə/, stressed /ætˈlæntə/, locally /ætˈlænə/) is the capital and the most populous city in the U.S. state of Georgia with a 2010 population of 420,003. Atlanta is the cultural and economic center of the Atlanta metropolitan area, which is home to 5,268,860 people and is the ninth largest in the U.S. It is a major component of a growing southeastern megalopolis known as the Piedmont Atlantic Megaregion. Atlanta is the county seat of Fulton County, and a small portion of the city extends eastward into DeKalb County.
Atlanta began as a settlement located at the terminus of a railroad line, and it was incorporated in 1845. Today, the city is a major business city and the primary transportation hub of the Southeastern United States (via highway, railroad, and air), with Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport being the world's busiest airport since 1998. The World Cities Study Group at Loughborough University rated Atlanta as an "alpha(-) world city." With a gross domestic product of US$270 billion, Atlanta's economy ranks 15th among world cities and sixth in the nation. The city is a center for services, finance, information technology, government, and higher education. Metro Atlanta contains the country's third largest concentration of Fortune 500 companies, and is the world headquarters of The Coca-Cola Company, Turner Broadcasting, The Home Depot, AT&T Mobility, UPS, and Delta Air Lines. As of 2010, Atlanta is the seventh most visited city in the United States, with over 35 million visitors per year.
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Augusta, Maine
Augusta is the capital of the US state of Maine, county seat of Kennebec County, and center of population for Maine. The city's population was 19,136 at the 2010 census, making it the third-smallest state capital after Montpelier, Vermont and Pierre, South Dakota. Located on the Kennebec River at the head of tide, it is home to the University of Maine at Augusta.
The area was first explored by members of the ill-fated Popham Colony in September 1607. It was first inhabited by English settlers from the Plymouth Colony in 1629 as a trading post on the Kennebec River. The settlement was known by its Indian name—Cushnoc (or Coussinoc or Koussinoc), meaning "head of tide." Fur trading was at first profitable, but with Indian uprisings and declining revenues, the Plymouth Colony sold the Kennebec Patent in 1661. Cushnoc would remain empty for the next 75 years.
A hotbed of Abenaki hostility toward British settlements was located further up the Kennebec at Norridgewock. In 1722, the tribe and its allies attacked Fort Richmond (now Richmond) and destroyed Brunswick. In response, Norridgewock was sacked in 1724 during Dummer's War, when English forces gained tentative control of the Kennebec. In 1754, a blockhouse named Fort Western (now the oldest wooden fort in America), was built at Cushnoc on the eastern bank. It was intended as a supply depot for Fort Halifax upriver, as well as to protect its own region. In 1775, Benedict Arnold and his 1,100 troops would use Fort Western as a staging area before continuing their journey up the Kennebec to the Battle of Quebec.
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Austin, Texas
Austin (/ˈɒstɨn/ or /ˈɔːstɨn/) is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County. Located in Central Texas on the eastern edge of the American Southwest, it is the fourth-largest city in Texas and the 14th most populous city in the United States. It was the third-fastest-growing large city in the nation from 2000 to 2006. Austin has a population of 790,390 (2010 U.S. Census). The city is the cultural and economic center of the Austin–Round Rock–San Marcos metropolitan area, which had an estimated population 1,783,519 (2011 U.S. Census), making it the 34th-largest metropolitan statistical area in the United States.
In the 1830s, pioneers began to the settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River. After Republic of Texas Vice President Mirabeau B. Lamar visited the area during a buffalo-hunting expedition between 1837 and 1838, he proposed that the republic's capital then located in Houston, Texas, be relocated to the area situated on the north bank of the Colorado River near the present-day Ann W. Richards Congress Avenue Bridge. In 1839, the site was officially chosen as the republic's new capital (the republic's seventh and final location) and was incorporated under the name, Waterloo. Shortly thereafter, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the "Father of Texas" and the republic's first secretary of state.
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Blackfoot, Idaho
Blackfoot is a city in Bingham County, Idaho, United States. The population was 11,899 at the 2010 census. The city is the county seat of Bingham County. Blackfoot is self-designated the "Potato Capital of the World", because it claims to have the largest potato industry in the world. It is home to the Idaho Potato Museum (a museum and gift shop that displays and explains the history of Idaho's potato industry), which is home to the world's largest baked potato and potato chip. Blackfoot is also home to the Eastern Idaho State Fair, which operates between Labor Day weekend and the following weekend.
Blackfoot is the principal city of the Blackfoot, Idaho Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Bingham County.
The first general store was built in 1874 by Fredrick S. Stevens and Major Danilson after learning that a railroad was to be built in the area. They were hoping that a station would be built there because it was just outside the Fort Hall Indian Reservation, which speculation paid off four years later. On October 10, 1878, a post office was established with Theo T. Danilson as Postmaster. On November 10, 1878, track was laid through town, with the track running right up behind the Stevens Store to take advantage of the store's loading platform (which was originally used to unload freight wagons). Originally called Grove City[citation needed] the name of the town was changed to Blackfoot on March 20, 1879.
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Blaine County, Idaho
Blaine County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2010 Census the county had a population of 21,376. The county seat and largest city is Hailey. The county is home to the Sun Valley ski resort, adjacent to Ketchum.
Blaine County was created by the state legislature on March 5, 1895, by combining Alturas and Logan counties. Its present boundaries were set on February 8, 1917, when a western portion became Camas County.
The county is named after former congressman and 1884 Republican presidential nominee James G. Blaine (1830-93). Born in Pennsylvania and a resident of Maine, Blaine had served as Secretary of State, U.S. Senator, and Speaker of the House.
The Wood River Valley in present-day Blaine County was organized as part of Alturas County by the Idaho Territorial Legislature in 1864. By the 1880s the area became noted for its mining ecnonomy. In 1882 the county seat of Alturas County was moved from Rocky Bar in present-day Elmore County to Hailey, in response to a population shift from Rocky Bar – which would eventually become a ghost town – to the Wood River Valley.
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Boise Bible College
Boise Bible College (BBC) is an accredited institution of higher learning which specializes in training students to serve in variety of ministry careers. Located in Boise, Idaho, BBC serves churches primarily in the western United States.
BBC was founded in 1945 as a ministry of First Church of Christ in Boise, and housed in the basement of the church building at the corner of 18th and Eastman Streets. Orin Hardenbrook served as its first president.
Kenneth Beckman, minister of First Church of Christ and a member of the college faculty, became president of the college in 1949. He served in this capacity (while still preaching and teaching) until 1973. Beckman (who received the first honorary doctorate granted by BBC, awarded in 1995) continued to teach at the school even after stepping down as president and later retiring from preaching; as of 2006, he continues to teach an introductory theology course taken by most first-year students.
In 1974 Boise Bible College separated organizationally from its founding church, becoming an independent institution. Richard Ewing was appointed president, the first man to serve in that capacity on a full-time basis. Ewing made it his mission to strengthen the college's faculty and curriculum, and he guided BBC through the process of receiving accreditation through the American Association of Bible Colleges (now called the Association for Biblical Higher Education) in 1988.
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Boise County, Idaho
Boise County is a rural mountain county in the U.S. state of Idaho. The population was 7,028 at the 2010 census; The county seat is Idaho City, and Horseshoe Bend is its largest city.
The city of Boise is located in neighboring Ada County, which was divided from Boise County in late 1864. Boise County is part of the Boise-Nampa Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The Bogus Basin ski area is in the southwestern part of the county. The county's eastern area contains the central section of the Sawtooth Wilderness, the western part of the Sawtooth National Recreation Area.
The county was established February 4, 1864, with its county seat at Idaho City. It was named for the Boise River, which was named by French-Canadian explorers and trappers for the great variety of trees growing along its banks in the lower desert valley. The Boise Basin, in which Idaho City lies, was one of the richest gold mining districts in the nation. Gold was discovered in 1862 and more of it was pulled from present-day Boise County than from the entire state of Alaska. At its peak in the mid-1860s, Idaho City was the largest city in the Northwest, and it was this rapid population influx that lead to the establishment of the Idaho Territory in 1863. The lower elevation communities of Horseshoe Bend (Payette River) and Boise (Boise River) were staging areas for the Boise Basin mines.
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Boise Greenbelt
Coordinates: 43°36′44″N 116°12′58″W / 43.612357°N 116.216147°W / 43.612357; -116.216147
The Boise River Greenbelt is a recreational and alternate transportation trail along the banks of the Boise River through Boise, Idaho, U.S.A.. The Boise Greenbelt is more of a greenway than a green belt since its character is linear. It extends more than 20 miles (32 km) beginning at Lucky Peak Dam in the east to a short distance beyond Eagle Road (Idaho State Highway 55) in the west in Eagle, Idaho. Taking into account both sides of the river and other parallel trails and spurs, the total Greenbelt trail system measures more than 30 miles (48 km).
The Greenbelt connects Boise's riverside parks and connects Boise with neighboring municipalities. The majority of the Greenbelt is paved with asphalt or concrete on both sides of the river. However some sections are unpaved and bicycles may be prohibited on some unpaved sections. Where this occurs, bicycles have alternate routes on residential streets or dedicated bike paths. Motorized vehicles are prohibited on all parts of the Greenbelt. Segways are allowed on the Greenbelt in the City of Boise providing a special permit has been obtained.
wn.com/Boise_Greenbelt -
Boise greenbelt
Coordinates: 43°36′44″N 116°12′58″W / 43.612357°N 116.216147°W / 43.612357; -116.216147
The Boise River Greenbelt is a recreational and alternate transportation trail along the banks of the Boise River through Boise, Idaho, U.S.A.. The Boise Greenbelt is more of a greenway than a green belt since its character is linear. It extends more than 20 miles (32 km) beginning at Lucky Peak Dam in the east to a short distance beyond Eagle Road (Idaho State Highway 55) in the west in Eagle, Idaho. Taking into account both sides of the river and other parallel trails and spurs, the total Greenbelt trail system measures more than 30 miles (48 km).
The Greenbelt connects Boise's riverside parks and connects Boise with neighboring municipalities. The majority of the Greenbelt is paved with asphalt or concrete on both sides of the river. However some sections are unpaved and bicycles may be prohibited on some unpaved sections. Where this occurs, bicycles have alternate routes on residential streets or dedicated bike paths. Motorized vehicles are prohibited on all parts of the Greenbelt. Segways are allowed on the Greenbelt in the City of Boise providing a special permit has been obtained.
wn.com/Boise_greenbelt -
Boise High School
Boise High School is the one of five public traditional high schools within the city of Boise, Idaho. It is one of four Boise School District three year comprehensive high schools and is located on the outerlying edge of the city's downtown business core. Current enrollment for the 2008-09 school year is approximately 1,466 students.
1882 brought the building of Central School in downtown Boise. Completed at a price of $44,000, it was widely seen as too large and costly. By 1893, however, nearly 700 students overcrowded the school. During 1902-03 the decision was made to replace it with a new structure and a new name. Land on Washington Street was purchased, and in 1906 took form as a two-story red brick answer to overcrowding.
For nearly half a century, most of the district's printing was completed here. Replacing the original building built in 1902, the 1920 Industrial Arts Building housed the print shop. The school's modern day yearbook began in 1900 as the Boise High Courier. Similarly, The Pepperbox was established in 1919 and which would later become the school newspaper The Boise High Lights.The Boise High Lights was established in 1928. Archives kept within Boise High predate the High Light's founding. These archives include copies of The Pepperbox as old as 1919, and earlier for The Courier.
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Boise, Idaho
Boise ( /ˈbɔɪsiː/) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Idaho, as well as the county seat of Ada County. Located on the Boise River, it anchors the Boise City-Nampa metropolitan area and is the largest city between Salt Lake City, Utah and Portland, Oregon.
As of the 2010 Census, Boise's city population was 205,671. The Boise metropolitan area is home to about 616,500 people and is the most populous metropolitan area in Idaho, and the third most populous metropolitan area in the U.S. Pacific Northwest region (behind only the Seattle, WA and Portland, OR metropolitan areas). It is also the 104th largest U.S. city by population.
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Bonner County, Idaho
Bonner County is a county located in the northern part of the U.S. state of Idaho. Partitioned from Kootenai County and established in 1907, it was named for Edwin L. Bonner, a ferry operator. As of the 2010 census, the county had a population of 40,877. The county seat and largest city is Sandpoint.
Bonner County was formed on February 21, 1907; it was formerly the northern section of Kootenai County. It was named for travel entrepreneur Edwin L. Bonner, a ferry operator.Bonners Ferry is now in Boundary County, which was partioned in 1915 from Bonner County.
According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 1,919.59 square miles (4,971.7 km2), of which 1,737.67 square miles (4,500.5 km2) (or 90.52%) is land and 181.92 square miles (471.2 km2) (or 9.48%) is water.
As of the census of 2000, there were 36,835 people, 14,693 households, and 10,270 families residing in the county. The population density was 21 people per square mile (8/km²). There were 19,646 housing units at an average density of 11 per square mile (4/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 96.58% White, 0.11% Black or African American, 0.87% Native American, 0.27% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.42% from other races, and 1.70% from two or more races. 1.64% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 20.9% were of German, 11.7% English, 11.7% American, 9.6% Irish and 5.3% Norwegian ancestry according to Census 2000.
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Boston
Boston (pronounced /ˈbɒstən/ or locally /ˈbɔstən/ (
listen)) is the capital of and largest city in Massachusetts, and is one of the oldest cities in the United States. The largest city in New England, Boston is regarded as the unofficial "Capital of New England" for its economic and cultural impact on the entire New England region. The city proper, covering only 48.43 square miles, had a population of 617,594 according to the 2010 U.S. Census. Boston is also the anchor of a substantially larger metropolitan area called Greater Boston, home to 4.5 million people and the tenth-largest metropolitan area in the country. Greater Boston as a commuting region is home to 7.6 million people, making it the fifth-largest Combined Statistical Area in the United States.
In 1630, Puritan colonists from England founded the city on the Shawmut Peninsula. During the late 18th century, Boston was the location of several major events during the American Revolution, including the Boston Massacre and the Boston Tea Party. Several early battles of the American Revolution, such as the Battle of Bunker Hill and the Siege of Boston, occurred within the city and surrounding areas. Through land reclamation and municipal annexation, Boston has expanded beyond the peninsula. After American independence was attained Boston became a major shipping port and manufacturing center, and its rich history now helps attract many tourists, with Faneuil Hall alone attracting over 20 million every year. The city was the site of several firsts, including America's first public school, Boston Latin School (1635), and the first subway system in the United States (1897).
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Burley, Idaho
Burley is a city in Cassia and Minidoka counties in the southern portion of the U.S. state of Idaho. The population was 10,345 at the 2010 census. The city is the county seat of Cassia County.
Burley is the second-largest city in Idaho's Magic Valley region after Twin Falls. Along with nearby Rupert it forms the bulk of the "Mini-Cassia" area of southern Idaho.
Burley is the principal city of the Burley, ID Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Cassia and Minidoka Counties.
Burley is home to the famed "Spudman" Triathlon.
Burley is located at 42°32′10″N 113°47′34″W / 42.53611°N 113.79278°W / 42.53611; -113.79278 (42.536136, -113.792653), at 4,150 feet (1,260 m) in elevation. Most of the city lies in Cassia County, with only a small portion extending into Minidoka County.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.2 square miles (11 km2), of which, 4.1 square miles (11 km2) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km2) of it (2.83%) is water.
As of the census of 2000, there were 9,316 people, 3,288 households, and 2,373 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,262.0 people per square mile (873.0/km²). There were 3,633 housing units at an average density of 882.1 per square mile (340.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 77.96% White, 0.21% African American, 1.30% Native American, 0.46% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 17.15% from other races, and 2.83% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 26.71% of the population.
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Butte County, Idaho
Butte County is a rural county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. It was established in 1917, and its county seat and largest city is Arco. As of the 2010 census, the county had a population of 2,891. Much of the eastern part of the county is the vast Idaho National Laboratory, which extends eastward into neighboring counties.
According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 2,233.59 square miles (5,785.0 km2), of which 2,232.85 square miles (5,783.1 km2) (or 99.97%) is land and 0.74 square miles (1.9 km2) (or 0.03%) is water.
The Little Lost River is located in Butte County. Its waters, along with the Big Lost River, disappear from the surface to flow underground into the Snake River Plain aquifer in Butte County.
The county was named for the volcanic buttes that rise from the desert plain; the largest is Big Southern Butte, located in the southern part of the county. It rises 2,500 feet (760 m) above the desert floor and was used as a landmark by pioneers.
The southwestern portion of the county includes the visitor center at the Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve, which extends south & west into three other counties.
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Caldwell, Idaho
Caldwell is a city in and the county seat of Canyon County, Idaho, United States. The population was 46,237 at the 2010 census.
Caldwell is considered part of the Boise metropolitan area. Caldwell is the home of the College of Idaho.
In the 1870s and 1880s, Caldwell was home to hundreds of Chinese immigrants, but the town was central in Idaho's aggressive anti-Chinese backlash that culminated in an 1886 convention of the Anti-Chinese League in Boise. By 1890 every last immigrant had been driven from town by social pressures and outright violence.
In March 1908, at the end of a series of trials relating to a Coeur d'Alene miners' uprising and the Colorado Labor Wars, Albert Horsley, better known by his pseudonym Harry Orchard, pleaded guilty in District Court in Caldwell to the assassination of former Idaho governor Frank Steunenberg. Judge Fremont Wood sentenced Orchard to hang, but his sentence was commuted, and he lived out the rest of his life in an Idaho prison. This result flowed from Orchard's having turned state's evidence and having become the prosecution's star witness against Big Bill Haywood and two other leaders of the Western Federation of Miners whom the prosecution alleged had masterminded Steunenberg's assassination. Haywood and his colleagues, however, represented by Clarence Darrow, were acquitted.
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California
California (pronouncedi/kælɨˈfɔrnjə/) is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third most extensive (after Alaska and Texas). It is home to the nation's second- and sixth-largest census statistical areas (Los Angeles Metropolitan Area and San Francisco Bay Area), and eight of the nation's fifty most populated cities (Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, Fresno, Sacramento, Long Beach and Oakland). The capital city is Sacramento.
California's diverse geography ranges from the Pacific Coast in the west, to the Sierra Nevada mountains in the east – from the Redwood–Douglas-fir forests of the northwest, to the Mojave Desert areas in the southeast. The center of the state is dominated by Central Valley, a major agricultural area. California contains both the highest and lowest points in the contiguous United States (Mount Whitney and Death Valley), and has the third-longest coastline of all states (after Alaska and Florida). Earthquakes are a common occurrence due to the state's location along the Pacific Ring of Fire: about 37,000 are recorded annually.
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Camas County, Idaho
Camas County is a county in the southern portion of the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2010 Census, the rural county had a population of 1117. The county seat is Fairfield.
Camas County was created by the Idaho Legislature on February 6, 1917, by a partition of Blaine County. It is named for the camas root, or Camassia, a lily-like plant with an edible bulb found in the region, which was used as a food source by Native Americans and settlers.
U.S. Highway 20 runs east-west through the center of the county, at an elevation of just over 5,000 feet (1524 m) above sea level. State Highway 46 runs south to Gooding, connecting to US-20 four miles (6.4 km) east of Fairfield.
The Soldier Mountain ski area, opened in 1948, is 12 miles (19 km) north of Fairfield, in the Soldier Mountains of the Sawtooth National Forest.
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Canyon County, Idaho
Canyon County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2010 Census the county had a population of 188,923. The county seat is Caldwell, and its largest city is Nampa.[citation needed]. Canyon County is part of the Boise City–Nampa, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The county was established on March 7, 1891, with its county seat at Caldwell. It was partitioned from Ada County and originally included Payette County (1917) and the southern portion of Gem County (1915). Current sources attribute the name to the canyon of the Boise River near Caldwell. However, both John Rees and Vardis Fisher believed it was named for the Snake River canyon which forms a natural boundary for the county with Owyhee County. The Hudson's Bay Company established Fort Boise in 1834 near what is now Parma, but abandoned it in 1855. Emigrants traveled through Canyon County on the Oregon Trail. The Oregon Short Line Railroad was completed in 1883.
According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 603.51 square miles (1,563.1 km2), of which 589.72 square miles (1,527.4 km2) (or 97.72%) is land and 13.79 square miles (35.7 km2) (or 2.28%) is water.
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Carson City, Nevada
Carson City, officially the Consolidated Municipality of Carson City, is an independent city and the capital of the state of Nevada. The majority of the population of the town lives in Eagle Valley, on the eastern edge of the Carson Range, a branch of the Sierra Nevada. The town is about 30 miles (48 km) south of Reno. The town originated as a stopover for California bound emigrants, but began to develop as a city with the Comstock Lode, a silver strike in the mountains northeast of the town. The city has served as the capital of Nevada since the state was formed in 1864. For much of Carson's history the town served as a hub for the Virginia and Truckee Railroad, although the tracks were removed in the 1950s. Prior to 1969, Carson City was also the county seat of Ormsby County. In 1969, the county was abolished and Carson City and a few small surrounding settlements within the former county were merged into a newly formed independent city called Carson City Consolidated Municipality. With the consolidation, the city limits today extend west across the Sierra Nevada to the California state line in the middle of Lake Tahoe. The population was 55,274 at the 2010 census.
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Cassia County, Idaho
Cassia County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2010 Census the county had a population of 22,952. The county seat and largest city is Burley.
Cassia County was created by the Idaho Territorial Legislature on February 20, 1879, by a partition of Owyhee County, with the county seat at Albion. A western portion became Twin Falls County in 1907. The county assumed its present boundaries when an eastern portion became Power County on January 30, 1913. The county seat was moved to Burley in 1918. The county was named for Cassia Creek, which in turn was named either for John Cazier, a member of the Mormon Battalion and an emigrant train captain, or for a plant found in the area.
Similar to other Idaho counties, an elected three-member county commission heads the county government. Other elected officials include clerk, treasurer, sheriff, assessor, coroner, and prosecutor.
County Commission
Other Elected Officials
At the state level Cassia County is located entirely in Legislative District 27. All of the District 27 delegation resides in Cassia County the district also includes Power, Oneida and part of Bingham Counties. The delegation includes Senator Denton Darrington of Declo, in Seat A Representative Scott Bedke of Oakley and in Seat B Representative Fred Wood of Burley. State legislators from the Magic Valley traditionally hold their seats for long periods of time, subsequently the delegation representing Cassia County is often in leadership or chairs important committees. From 1998 to 2006 Bruce Newcomb of Burley was the Speaker of the House. Currently, Representative Bedke is House Assistant Majority Leader, Senator Darrington, the Dean of the Senate, is chairman of the Senate Judiciary and Rules Committee and Fred Wood sits on the Joint Finance-Appropriations Committee.
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Cheyenne, Wyoming
Cheyenne ( /ʃaɪˈæn/ shy-AN or /ʃaɪˈɛn/) (Arapaho: Hítesííno'óowú' ) is the capital and most populous city of the US state of Wyoming and the county seat of Laramie County. It is the principal city of the Cheyenne, Wyoming, Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses all of Laramie County. The population was 59,466 at the 2010 census. Cheyenne is the northern terminus of the extensive and fast-growing Front Range Urban Corridor. Cheyenne is situated on Crow Creek and Dry Creek. The Cheyenne, Wyoming Metropolitan Area had a 2010 population of 91,738, making it the 354th most populated metropolitan area in the United States.
On July 5, 1867, General Grenville M. Dodge and his survey crew platted the site now known as Cheyenne in Dakota Territory (later Wyoming Territory). This site was chosen as the point at which the Union Pacific Railroad crossed Crow Creek, a tributary of the South Platte River. The city was not named by Dodge, as his memoirs state, but rather by friends who accompanied him to the area Dodge called "Crow Creek Crossing[citation needed]." It was named for the American Indian Cheyenne nation, one of the most famous and prominent Great Plains tribes closely allied with the Arapaho.
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Chile
Chile (i/ˈtʃɪliː/ or /ˈtʃɪleɪ/), officially the Republic of Chile (Spanish: República de Chile [reˈpuβlika ðe ˈtʃile] ( listen)), is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south. Along with Ecuador, it is one of two countries in South America that do not border Brazil. Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández, Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas and Easter Island. Chile also claims about 1,250,000 square kilometres (480,000 sq mi) of Antarctica, although all claims are suspended under the Antarctic Treaty.
Chile's distinctive shape—4,300 kilometres (2,700 mi) long and on average 175 kilometres (109 mi) wide—makes it the longest country in the world, north to south, with the fifth lengthiest coastline at over 78 thousand kilometers. The diverse climate of Chile ranges from the world's driest desert in the north—the Atacama—through a Mediterranean climate in the centre, humid subtropical in Easter Island, to an Oceanic climate, including alpine tundra and glaciers in the east and south. The northern desert contains great mineral wealth, principally copper. The relatively small central area dominates in terms of population and agricultural resources, and is the cultural and political center from which Chile expanded in the late 19th century when it incorporated its northern and southern regions. Southern Chile is rich in forests and grazing lands, and features a string of volcanoes and lakes. The southern coast is a labyrinth of fjords, inlets, canals, twisting peninsulas, and islands.
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Chubbuck, Idaho
Chubbuck is a city in Bannock County, Idaho, United States. It is part of the Pocatello Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 13,922 at the 2010 census. Chubbuck is located immediately north of Pocatello and has opposed several consolidation proposals since the 1960s.
Chubbuck is located at 42°55′18″N 112°28′3″W / 42.92167°N 112.4675°W / 42.92167; -112.4675 (42.921648, -112.467416), at an elevation of 4,472 feet (1,363 m) above sea level.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.5 square miles (9.1 km2), all of it land.
The current mayor is Steven M. England. ("City of Chubbuck Website". http://www.cityofchubbuck.us. )
As of the census of 2000, there were 9,700 people, 3,190 households, and 2,491 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,743.5 people per square mile (1,058.0/km²). There were 3,377 housing units at an average density of 955.1 per square mile (368.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 91.80% White, 0.35% African American, 2.00% Native American, 1.09% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 2.47% from other races, and 2.24% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.38% of the population.
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Clark County, Idaho
Clark County is a rural county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2010 Census the county had a population of 982. The county seat and largest city is Dubois. According to recent census estimates, Clark County is currently the state's least populous county, having been overtaken by Camas County.
Clark County was established on February 1, 1919, and was named for State Senator Sam K. Clark, an early pioneer on Medicine Lodge Creek.
According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 1,765.21 square miles (4,571.9 km2), of which 1,764.63 square miles (4,570.4 km2) (or 99.97%) is land and 0.58 square miles (1.5 km2) (or 0.03%) is water.
The northern border of the county is the Bitterroot Range of the Rocky Mountains, which forms the state line with Montana and is also the continental divide. It is crossed by Interstate 15 over Monida Pass at 6820 feet (2079 m) above sea level. Monida Pass also marks an east-west divide between Bitterroot subranges: the Beaverhead Mountains are to the west and the Centennial Mountains are to the east.
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Coeur d'Alene, Idaho
Coeur d'Alene /ˌkɒr dəˈleɪn/ is the largest city and county seat of Kootenai (/ˈkuːtniː/ KOOT-nee) County, Idaho, United States. It is the principal city of the Coeur d'Alene Metropolitan Statistical Area. Coeur d'Alene has the second largest metropolitan area in the state of Idaho. As of the 2010 census the population of Coeur d'Alene was 44,137. The city is located about 30 mi (48 km) east of the larger Spokane, Washington, which combined with Coeur d'Alene and northern Idaho has population of 590,617. Coeur d'Alene is the largest city in the northern Idaho Panhandle. The city is located on the north shore of Lake Coeur d'Alene, 25-mile (40 km) in length. Locally, Coeur d'Alene is known as the "Lake City," or simply called by its initials: "CDA".
The city of Coeur d'Alene has grown significantly in recent years, in part because of a substantial increase in tourism, encouraged by several resorts in the area. Barbara Walters called the city "a little slice of Heaven" and included it in her list of most fascinating places to visit. On November 28, 2007, Good Morning America broadcast the city's Christmas lighting ceremony because its display is among the largest in the United States. Coeur d'Alene is also located near two major ski resorts, with Silver Mountain Resort to the east in Kellogg, and Schweitzer Mountain Ski Resort to the north in Sandpoint.
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Colorado
Colorado (i/kɒləˈrædoʊ/ or /kɒləˈrɒdoʊ/) is the US state that encompasses most of the Southern Rocky Mountains as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of the Great Plains. Colorado is part of the Western United States, the Southwestern United States, and the Mountain States. Colorado is the 8th most extensive and the 22nd most populous of the 50 United States. The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Colorado was 5,116,796 on July 1, 2011, an increase of +1.74% since the 2010 United States Census.
The state was named for the Colorado River, which early Spanish explorers named the Río Colorado for the red colored (Spanish: colorado) silt the river carried from the mountains. On August 1, 1876, U.S. President Ulysses S. Grant signed a proclamation admitting Colorado as the 38th state. Colorado is nicknamed the "Centennial State" because it was admitted to the Union in 1876, the centennial year of the United States Declaration of Independence.
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Columbia Plateau
The Columbia Plateau is a geologic and geographic region that lies across parts of the U.S. states of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. It is a wide flood basalt plateau between the Cascade Range and the Rocky Mountains, cut through by the Columbia River. In one of various usages, the term "Columbia Basin" refers to more or less the same area as the Columbia Plateau.
During late Miocene and early Pliocene times, one of the largest flood basalts ever to appear on the earth's surface engulfed about 63,000 square miles (160,000 km2) of the Pacific Northwest, forming a large igneous province. Over a period of perhaps 10 to 15 million years, lava flow after lava flow poured out, ultimately accumulating to a thickness of more than 6,000 feet (1.8 km). As the molten rock came to the surface, the Earth's crust gradually sank into the space left by the rising lava.
The subsidence of the crust produced the large plateau—a large, slightly depressed lava plain sometimes also known as the Columbia Basin. The ancient Columbia River was forced into its present course by the northwesterly advancing lava. The lava, as it flowed over the area, first filled the stream valleys, forming dams that in turn caused impoundments or lakes. Entities found in these lake beds include fossil leaf impressions, petrified wood, fossil insects, and bones of vertebrate animals.
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Columbus, Ohio
Columbus is the capital of and the largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio. The broader metropolitan area encompasses several counties and is the third largest in Ohio behind those of Cleveland and Cincinnati. Columbus is the sixteenth largest city in the United States of America. It is the county seat of Franklin County, yet the city has expanded and annexed portions of adjoining Delaware County and Fairfield County. Named for explorer Christopher Columbus, the city was founded in 1812 at the confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers, and assumed the functions of state capital in 1816. The city has a diverse economy based on education, government, insurance, banking, fashion, defense, aviation, food, clothes, logistics, steel, energy, medical research, health care, hospitality, retail, and technology. Modern Columbus has emerged as a technologically sophisticated city. It is home to the world's largest private research and development foundation, the Battelle Memorial Institute; CAS, or Chemical Abstracts Service, the world's largest clearinghouse of chemical information; NetJets, the world's largest fractional ownership jet aircraft fleet; and The Ohio State University, the nation's largest campus.
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Connecticut
Connecticut (i/kəˈnɛtɨkət/) is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, and the state of New York to the west and the south (with which it shares a water boundary in Long Island Sound).
Connecticut is named for the Connecticut River, the major U.S. river that approximately bisects the state. Its capital city is Hartford. Much of southern and western Connecticut (along with the majority of the state's population) is part of the New York metropolitan area; three of Connecticut's eight counties are statistically included in the New York City combined statistical area, the same area is widely referred to as the Tri-State area. Connecticut's center of population is in Cheshire, New Haven County, which is also located within the Tri-State area.
Connecticut is the 3rd least extensive, the 29th most populous, and 4th most densely populated of the 50 United States. Called the Constitution State, Nutmeg State, and "The Land of Steady Habits", Connecticut was influential in the development of the federal government of the United States.
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Custer County, Idaho
Custer County is a rural mountain county located in the center of the U.S. state of Idaho. Established in 1881, it was named for the General Custer Mine, where gold was discovered five years earlier (shortly after Custer's death at the Battle of the Little Bighorn in eastern Montana). The population was 4,368 at the 2010 census. The county seat is Challis. The center of population of Idaho is located in Custer County, in the city of Stanley.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 4,936.79 square miles (12,786.2 km2), of which 4,925.45 square miles (12,756.9 km2) (or 99.77%) is land and 11.34 square miles (29.4 km2) (or 0.23%) is water. The Lost River Range, the state's highest mountains, are located in eastern Custer County. The highest is Borah Peak, the highest natural point in Idaho at 12,662 feet (3,859 m). On the western border of the county is Idaho's famous Sawtooth Range; the tallest is Thompson Peak in Custer County, above picturesque Redfish Lake. Twenty miles (32 km) east are the White Cloud Mountains, whose tallest is Castle Peak at 11,815 feet (3,601 m).
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Delaware
Delaware (i/ˈdɛləwɛər/ DEL-ə-wair) is a U.S. state located on the Atlantic Coast in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It is bordered to the south and west by Maryland, to the northeast by New Jersey, and to the north by Pennsylvania. The state takes its name from Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, an English nobleman and Virginia's first colonial governor, after whom what is now called Cape Henlopen was originally named.
Delaware is located in the northeastern portion of the Delmarva Peninsula and is the second least extensive, the sixth least populous, but the sixth most densely populated of the 50 United States. Delaware is divided into three counties. From north to south, these three counties are New Castle, Kent, and Sussex. While the southern two counties have historically been predominantly agricultural, New Castle County has been more industrialized.
The history of the state's economic and industrial development is closely tied to the impact of the Du Pont family, founders and scions of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, one of the world’s largest chemical companies.
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Denver
Denver ( /ˈdɛnvər/) (Arapaho: Niinéniiniicíihéhe' ) is the largest city and the capital of the U.S. state of Colorado. As Denver County, it is the second most populous county in Colorado after El Paso County, which surpassed Denver County as of the 2010 Census. Denver is a consolidated city-county, located in the South Platte River Valley on the western edge of the High Plains just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains. The Denver downtown district is located immediately east of the confluence of Cherry Creek with the South Platte River, approximately 12 miles (19 km) east of the foothills of the Rocky Mountains. Denver is nicknamed the Mile-High City because its official elevation is exactly one mile (1.6 km) or 5,280 feet (1,609.344 m) above sea level, which is defined by the elevation of the spot of a benchmark on the steps of the State Capital building. The elevation of the entire city ranges from 5,130 to 5,680 feet. The 105th meridian west of Greenwich passes through Union Station and is the temporal reference for the Mountain Time Zone.
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Des Moines, Iowa
Des Moinesi/dɨˈmɔɪn/ is the capital and the most populous city in the US state of Iowa. It is also the county seat of Polk County. A small portion of the city extends into Warren County. It was incorporated on September 22, 1851, as Fort Des Moines which was shortened to "Des Moines" in 1857. It is named after the Des Moines River, which may have been adapted from the French Rivière des Moines, literally meaning "River of the Monks." The five-county metropolitan area is ranked 88th in terms of population in the United States with 569,633 residents according to the 2010 count by the United States Census Bureau. The city proper population was 203,433 at the 2010 census.
Des Moines is a major center for the insurance industry and also has a sizable financial services and publishing business base. In fact, Des Moines was credited with the "number one spot for U.S. insurance companies" in a Business Wire article. The city is the headquarters for the Principal Financial Group, Aviva insurance (West Des Moines) the Meredith Corporation, Ruan Transportation, EMC Insurance Companies, and Wellmark Blue Cross Blue Shield. Other major corporations such as Wells Fargo, ING Group, Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company, Marsh, Monsanto and Pioneer Hi-Bred have large operations in or near the metro area. Forbes magazine ranked Des Moines as the "Best Place for Business" in 2010 and, in 2011, ranked the city #1 among "America's Best Cities for Young Professionals."Kiplinger's Personal Finance 2008 Best Cities List featured Des Moines as #9. In November 2011, the city of Des Moines was listed as the #1 Greenest city for Women by Self Magazine.
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Eagle, Idaho
Eagle is a city in Ada County, Idaho. The population was 19,908 at the 2010 census. Due to growth in the Boise metropolitan area, Eagle has become increasingly suburban in recent years.
Eagle is located at 43°41′35″N 116°20′47″W / 43.69306°N 116.34639°W / 43.69306; -116.34639 (43.693093, -116.346366), at an [elevation of 2,566 feet (782 m) above sea level.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 9.3 square miles (24 km2), of which 9.2 square miles (24 km2) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km2) (0.97%) is water.
As of the census of 2000, there were 11,085 people, 3,864 households, and 3,098 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,206.3 people per square mile (465.7/km²). There were 4,048 housing units at an average density of 440.5 per square mile (170.1/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 95.90% White, 0.37% African American, 0.47% Native American, 0.74% Asian, 0.13% Pacific Islander, 0.59% from other races, and 1.80% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.63% of the population.
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Elmore County, Idaho
Elmore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2010 Census the county had a population of 27,038, down 7.2% from 29,130 in 2000. The largest city and county seat is Mountain Home.
Elmore County comprises the Mountain Home, ID Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Established February 7, 1889, with its county seat at Rocky Bar. Named for the Ida Elmore mines, the area's greatest silver and gold producer of the 1860s, located near Silver City in Owyhee County.
The Oregon Trail crossed the Snake River in Elmore County, at Three Island Crossing near Glenns Ferry. A station on the overland stage route, originally named Rattlesnake, was moved west to the railroad line and became Mountain Home. On February 4, 1891, the county seat was moved to Mountain Home.
Construction of what would become Mountain Home Air Force Base was begun in October 1942, 12 miles (19 km) southwest of Mountain Home. The base officially opened in August 1943 as a training base for bombers, and was an operational base under SAC through 1965. It became a fighter base in 1966 under TAC, now the Air Combat Command.
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Emmett, Idaho
Emmett is a city in Gem County, Idaho, United States. The population was 6,557 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat and the only city in the county. Emmett is part of the Boise City–Nampa, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Rising some 5,906 feet (1,800 m) above sea level, Squaw Butte, named by Native Americans who used this area as their winter resort, stands at the north end of the valley. The Payette River was named after Francois Payette, a fur trader from Quebec who was put in charge of old Fort Boise in 1818 and traveled through the area. Permanent settlement began in the early 1860s, after gold discoveries in the Boise Basin brought people over the established stage and pack train routes. Two of these trails joined at the Payette River north of the present river bridge in Emmett.
Originally called "Emmettville," it was primarily a post office named after Emmett Cahalan, the son of Tom Cahalan, an early settler of the area. The post office was later moved but retained the name. A few years later the "ville" was dropped and the post office and town became simply Emmett. In 1883 James Wardwell had the town platted, and in 1900 the town was incorporated as Emmett. Later, in March 1902, the Idaho Northern railroad came to the valley.
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Florida
Florida (i/ˈflɒrɪdə/) is a state in the southeastern United States, bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. Florida is the 22nd most extensive, the 4th most populous, and the 8th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The state capital is Tallahassee, its largest city is Jacksonville, and the South Florida metropolitan area is the largest metropolitan area in the southeastern U.S.
Much of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida. Its geography is marked by a coastline, by the omnipresence of water and the threat of hurricanes. Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, encompassing approximately 1,350 miles (2,170 km), and is the only state to border both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. Much of the state is at or near sea level and its terrain is characterized by sedimentary soils. The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south. Its symbolic animals like the American alligator, Florida panther and the manatee, can be found in the Everglades, one of the most famous national parks in the world.
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Frankfort, Kentucky
Frankfort is a city in Kentucky that serves as the state capital and the county seat of Franklin County. The population was 27,741 at the 2000 census; by population it is the 5th smallest state capital in the United States. Located on the Kentucky River, Frankfort is the principal city of the Frankfort, Kentucky Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Franklin and Anderson counties.
The town of Frankfort likely received its name from an event that took place in 1780s. Native Americans attacked a group of early British-American pioneers from Bryan’s Station, who were making salt at a ford in the Kentucky River. After the pioneer Stephen Frank was killed, the settlers called the crossing "Frank’s Ford." This name was later shortened to Frankfort.
In 1786 James Wilkinson purchased the 260-acre (1.1 km2) tract of land on the north side of the Kentucky River, which developed as downtown Frankfort. He was an early promoter of Frankfort as the state capital.
After Kentucky became a state, five commissioners were appointed on June 20, 1792, to choose a location for the capital. They were John Allen and John Edwards (both from Bourbon County), Henry Lee (Mason County), Thomas Kennedy (Madison County), and Robert Todd (Fayette County). A number of communities competed for this honor, but Frankfort won. According to early histories, the offer of Andrew Holmes' log house as capitol for seven years, a number of town lots, £50 worth of locks and hinges, 10 boxes of glass, 1,500 pounds of nails, and $3,000 in gold helped the decision go to Frankfort.
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Fruitland, Idaho
Fruitland is a city in Payette County, Idaho, United States. It lies along U.S. Route 95 in the Treasure Valley of southwest Idaho, about 50 miles (80 km) west of Boise and near the border with Oregon. Fruitland is named after the apple orchards that surround the community, and its slogan is "The Big Apple of Idaho."
As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 4,684, up from 3,805 in 2000. It is part of the Ontario, OR–ID Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Fruitland is located at 44°0′58″N 116°55′17″W / 44.01611°N 116.92139°W / 44.01611; -116.92139 (44.016035, -116.921450), at an elevation of 2,228 feet (679 m) above sea level within the Snake River watershed.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.5 square miles (3.9 km2), all land.
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,805 people, 1,378 households, and 1,044 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,512.2 people per square mile (972.9/km²). There were 1,518 housing units at an average density of 1,002.2 per square mile (388.1/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 87.70% White, 0.89% Asian, 0.60% Native American, 0.05% African American, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 8.02% from other races, and 2.71% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 17.92% of the population.
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Garden City, Idaho
Garden City is a city in Ada County, Idaho, United States. The population was 10,972 at the 2010 census. Garden City is nearly surrounded by Boise but retains a separate municipal government.
Garden City was named for gardens raised by Chinese immigrants who lived in the area. The name of the city's main street, Chinden Boulevard, is a portmanteau of the words "China" and "garden."
Garden City is part of the Boise City–Nampa, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Garden City is located at 43°38′44″N 116°15′58″W / 43.64556°N 116.26611°W / 43.64556; -116.26611 (43.645561, -116.266132), at an elevation of 2674 feet (815 m) above sea level
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.2 square miles (11 km2), 4.2 square miles (11 km2) of it is land and .04 square miles (0.10 km2) of it (.72%) is water.
As of the census of 2000, there were 10,624 people, 4,331 households, and 2,784 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,559.9 per square mile. There were 4,590 housing units at an average density of 1,106.0 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 89.3% White, 0.5% African American, 0.9% Native American, 1.4% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 4.9% from other races, and 2.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.6% of the population.
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Gem County, Idaho
Gem County is a county in the U.S. state of Idaho. The population was 16,719 at the 2010 census, and the county seat and largest city is Emmett.
Gem County is part of the Boise City–Nampa, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Gem County is home to the Idaho ground squirrel.
Named for the state nickname, "Gem State," the county was established on March 15, 1915, partitioned from Canyon County and Boise County. Fur trappers were in the area as early as 1818, and Alexander Ross explored Squaw Creek in 1824. Prospectors and miners moved through the county in 1862 in route to the gold rush in the Boise Basin around Idaho City, and by the next year irrigation began along the Payette River. The Black Canyon diversion dam on the river was built in the early 1920s, east of Emmett.
According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 565.75 square miles (1,465.3 km2), of which 562.58 square miles (1,457.1 km2) (or 99.44%) is land and 3.17 square miles (8.2 km2) (or 0.56%) is water.
As of the census of 2000, there were 15,181 people, 5,539 households, and 4,176 families residing in the county. The population density was 27 people per square mile (10/km²). There were 5,888 housing units at an average density of 10 per square mile (4/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 93.79% White, 0.73% Native American, 0.36% Asian, 0.07% Black or African American, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 3.16% from other races, and 1.83% from two or more races. 6.92% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 18.9% were of American, 17.5% German, 13.1% English and 7.2% Irish ancestry according to Census 2000.
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Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia (i/ˈdʒɔrdʒⁱə/) is a state located in the southeastern United States. It was established in 1732, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies. Named after King George II of Great Britain, Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2, 1788. It declared its secession from the Union on January 21, 1861, and was one of the original seven Confederate states. It was the last state to be restored to the Union, on July 15, 1870. Georgia is the 24th most extensive and the 9th most populous of the 50 United States. From 2007 to 2008, 14 of Georgia's counties ranked among the nation's 100 fastest-growing, second only to Texas. Georgia is known as the Peach State and the Empire State of the South.Atlanta is the state's capital and its most populous city.
Georgia is bordered on the south by Florida; on the east by the Atlantic Ocean and South Carolina; on the west by Alabama; and on the north by Tennessee and North Carolina. The northern part of the state is in the Blue Ridge Mountains, a mountain range in the Appalachian Mountains system. The central piedmont extends from the foothills to the fall line, where the rivers cascade down in elevation to the continental coastal plain of the southern part of the state. The highest point in Georgia is Brasstown Bald, 4,784 feet (1,458 m); the lowest point is the Atlantic Ocean.
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Guam
Guam (i/ˈɡwɑːm/; Chamorro: Guåhån) is an organized, unincorporated territory of the United States located in the western Pacific Ocean. It is one of five U.S. territories with an established civilian government. Guam is listed as one of sixteen Non-Self-Governing Territories by the Special Committee on Decolonization of the United Nations. The island's capital is Hagåtña (formerly Agaña). Guam is the largest and southernmost of the Mariana Islands.
The Chamorros, Guam's indigenous people, first populated the island approximately 4,000 years ago. The island has a long history of European colonialism. Discovered by Ferdinand Magellan during a Spanish expedition on March 6, 1521, the first colony was established in 1668 by Spain with the arrival of settlers including Padre San Vitores, a Catholic missionary. For more than two centuries Guam was an important stopover for the Spanish Manila Galleons that crossed the Pacific annually. The island was controlled by Spain until 1898, when it was surrendered to the United States during the Spanish-American War and later formally ceded as part of the Treaty of Paris.
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Hagåtña, Guam
Hagåtña (pronounced [həˈɡɑtɲə]), formerly English Agana /əˈɡɑːnjə/ and in Spanish Agaña, is the capital of the United States territory of Guam. It is the island's second smallest village in both area and population. From the 18th through mid 20th century, it was Guam's population center. Today, it remains one of the island's major commercial districts in addition to being the seat of government.
"Hagåt" (also romanized as haga', with a glottal stop instead of a syllable-final "t") means "blood" in the Chamorro/Chamoru language. The suffix "-ña" can be translated as either the possessive pronouns his, hers or its in English, or a signification of greater comparative degree, similar to some uses of the English suffix "-er". There is much speculation that the natives originally migrated from the village of Agat/Hagåt. Therefore, "Hagåtña" can be translated "his or her blood" possibly meaning "related to him, her or it", or it could be translated to what might roughly mean "more Hagåt", as in, an extension of the village of Hagåt. It could also mean "better Hagåt", or "more than, surpassing or superior to Hagåt" in a sense of being "more Hagåt than Hagåt itself". In 1998, the Guam Legislature changed the name from "Agana" back to the original Chamorro/Chamoru form. However, the name of the neighboring village Agana Heights, remains unchanged.
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Hawaii
Coordinates: 21°18′41″N 157°47′47″W / 21.31139°N 157.79639°W / 21.31139; -157.79639
Hawaii (i/həˈwaɪ.iː/ or /həˈwaɪʔiː/; Hawaiian: Hawaiʻi Hawaiian pronunciation: [hɐˈvɐiʔi]) is the most recent of the 50 U.S. states (August 21, 1959), and is the only U.S. state made up entirely of islands. It is the northernmost island group in Polynesia, occupying most of an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean.
Hawaii’s diverse natural scenery, warm tropical climate, abundance of public beaches and oceanic surrounding, and active volcanoes make it a popular destination for tourists, surfers, biologists, and volcanologists alike. Due to its mid-Pacific location, Hawaii has many North American and Asian influences along with its own vibrant native culture. Hawaii has over a million permanent residents along with many visitors and U.S. military personnel. Its capital is Honolulu on the island of Oʻahu.
The state encompasses nearly the entire volcanic Hawaiian Island chain, which comprises hundreds of islands spread over 1,500 miles (2,400 km). At the southeastern end of the archipelago, the eight "main islands" are (from the northwest to southeast) Niʻihau, Kauaʻi, Oʻahu, Molokaʻi, Lānaʻi, Kahoʻolawe, Maui, and the island of Hawaiʻi. The last is by far the largest and is often called "The Big Island" to avoid confusion with the state as a whole. The archipelago is physiographically and ethnologically part of the Polynesian subregion of Oceania.
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Helena, Montana
Helena ( /ˈhɛlɨnə/) is the capital city of the U.S. state of Montana and the county seat of Lewis and Clark County. The 2010 census put the population at 28,180. and the Lewis and Clark County population at 63,395. Helena is the principal city of the Helena Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Lewis and Clark and Jefferson counties; its population is 74,801 according to the 2010 U.S. Census.
The local daily newspaper is the Independent Record. The Helena Brewers minor league baseball and Helena Bighorns Tier III Junior A hockey team call the city home. The city is served by Helena Regional Airport (HLN).
Helena was founded with the July 14, 1864 discovery of gold in a gulch off the Prickly Pear valley by the "Four Georgians". The city's main street is named Last Chance Gulch and lies close to the winding path of the original gulch through the historic downtown district.
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Hidden Spring, Idaho
Hidden Springs is a master-planned community in the Dry Creek Valley of Ada County, Idaho. Its population was 2,280 as of the 2010 census.
The community manages more than 800 acres of permanently preserved open space and its own wastewater treatment facility.
Architecture is primarily in a neo-traditional style, with many homes having garages accessible through rear alleys. The result is a neighborhood that is generally more pedestrian-friendly than the typical suburban subdivision.
Hidden Springs Elementary School is located within the neighborhood.
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Homedale, Idaho
Homedale is a city in Owyhee County, Idaho, United States. The population was 2,633 at the 2010 census. The town name was chosen by drawing names from a hat during a community picnic. Homedale is part of the Boise City–Nampa, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Homedale is located at 43°37′8″N 116°56′13″W / 43.61889°N 116.93694°W / 43.61889; -116.93694 (43.618980, -116.936836), at an elevation of 2,231 feet (680 m) above sea level. The city is on the Snake River, which is the border with Canyon County.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.9 square miles (2.3 km2), all of it land.
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,528 people, 842 households, and 595 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,859.5 people per square mile (1,109.2/km²). There were 933 housing units at an average density of 1,055.3 per square mile (409.4/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 63.77% White, 0.20% African American, 0.99% Native American, 0.71% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 30.58% from other races, and 3.68% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 39.24% of the population.
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Honolulu
Honolulu /hoʊnoʊˈluːluː/ is the capital and the most populous city of the U.S. state of Hawaii. Honolulu is the southernmost major U.S. city. Although the name "Honolulu" refers to the urban area on the southeastern shore of the island of Oahu, the city and county government are consolidated as Honolulu County which covers the entire island. For statistical purposes, the U.S. Census Bureau recognizes the urban part of Honolulu as a census-designated place. Honolulu is a major financial center of the islands of the Pacific Ocean. The population of the census-designated place was 337,256 at the 2010 census, while the population of the city and county was 953,207. Honolulu is the most populous state capital relative to state population.
In the Hawaiian language, Honolulu means "sheltered bay" or "place of shelter". The old name is said to be Kou, a district roughly encompassing the area from Nuuanu Avenue to Alakea Street and from Hotel Street to Queen Street which is the heart of the present downtown district. The city has been the capital of the Hawaiian islands since 1845 and gained historical recognition following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor near the city on December 7, 1941, and as the birthplace of Barack Obama, the 44th and current President of the United States.
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Idaho
Idaho (i/ˈaɪdəhoʊ/) is a state in the Rocky Mountain area of the United States. Idaho is the 14th most expansive, the 39th most populous, and the 7th least densely populated of the 50 United States. The state's largest city and capital is Boise. Residents are called "Idahoans". Idaho was admitted to the Union on July 3, 1890, as the 43rd state.
Idaho is a mountainous state with an area larger than that of all of New England. It is landlocked, surrounded by the states of Washington, Oregon, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming, Montana and the Canadian province of British Columbia. However, the network of dams and locks on the Columbia River and Snake River make the city of Lewiston the farthest inland seaport on the Pacific coast of the contiguous United States.
Idaho's nickname is the Gem State, because nearly every known type of gemstone has been found there. In addition, Idaho is one of only two places in the world where star garnets can be found (the other is the Himalaya Mountains, in India)[citation needed], and is the only place six-pointed star garnets have been found[citation needed]. Additionally Idaho is sometimes called the Potato State owing to its popular crop. The state motto is Esto Perpetua (Latin for "Let it be forever").
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Idaho City, Idaho
Idaho City is a city in and the county seat of Boise County, Idaho, United States, located about 36 miles (58 km) northeast of Boise. The population was 485 at the 2010 census.
Idaho City is part of the Boise City–Nampa, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Idaho City was founded in December 1862 as "Bannock" (sometimes given as "West Bannock"), amidst the Boise Basin gold rush during the Civil War, the largest since the California gold rush a dozen years earlier. Near the confluence of Elk and Mores Creeks, its plentiful water supply allowed it to outgrow the other nearby camps in the basin, such as Placerville, Pioneerville, and Centerville. As its population swelled, the new Idaho Territorial legislature changed the town's name to "Idaho City," to avoid confusion with Bannack, Montana, in present-day Beaverhead County, the southwestern corner of Montana.
At its peak during the mid-1860s, there were more than 200 businesses in town, including three dozen saloons and two dozen law offices. Its 1864 population of 7,000 made it the largest city in the Northwest, bigger than Portland. Wood was the prime source of both shelter and heat, which caused Idaho City to burn four times: 1865, 1867, 1868, and 1871.
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Idaho County, Idaho
Idaho County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2010 Census the county had a population of 16,267. The county seat is Grangeville. Previous county seats were Florence (1864-75) and Mount Idaho (1875-1902).
Idaho County was originally founded as a region of Washington Territory in 1861, named for a steamer called Idaho that was launched on the Columbia River in 1860. It was reorganized by the Idaho Territorial Legislature on February 4, 1864. In this context, the name of the county predates both the Idaho Territory and the State of Idaho.
Idaho County is one of seven U.S. counties to share its name with its state (the others are Arkansas County, Hawaii County, Iowa County, New York County, Oklahoma County, and Utah County).
According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 8,502.48 square miles (22,021.3 km2), the largest county in Idaho, of which 8,484.88 square miles (21,975.7 km2) (or 99.79%) is land and 17.59 square miles (45.6 km2) (or 0.21%) is water.
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Idaho Falls, Idaho
Idaho Falls is a city in and the county seat of Bonneville County, Idaho, United States, and the largest city in Eastern Idaho. As of the 2010 census, the population of Idaho Falls was 56,813, with a metro population of 130,374.
Idaho Falls is the principal city of the Idaho Falls, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Idaho Falls-Blackfoot, Idaho Combined Statistical Area. It is the state's largest city outside the Boise metropolitan area and the third-largest metro area behind Boise City-Nampa and Coeur d'Alene, which is connected to the larger Spokane, Washington.
The city serves as a hub to all of eastern Idaho and much of western Wyoming. Due to its relative economic vitality, high quality of life, and proximity to world-class outdoor recreation, it is often featured in various publications' lists of "best places to live." The area is served by the Idaho Falls Regional Airport and is home to the Idaho Falls Chukars minor league baseball team.
What became Idaho Falls was the site of Taylor’s Crossing on the Montana Trail, a timber frame bridge built across the Snake River. The 1865 bridge was built by Matt Taylor, a Montana Trail freighter, who built a toll bridge across a narrow black basaltic gorge of the river that succeeded a ferry seven miles upstream by a few years. Taylor’s bridge served the new tide of westward migration and travel in the region that followed the military suppression of Shoshone resistance at the Bear River Massacre near Preston, Idaho in 1863. The bridge improved travel for settlers moving north and west and for miners, freighters, and others seeking riches in the gold fields of Idaho and Montana, especially, the boom towns of Bannack and Virginia City in western Montana.
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Idaho Territory
The Territory of Idaho was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 4, 1863, until July 3, 1890, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Idaho.
The territory was officially organized on March 4, 1863 by Act of Congress, and signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln. It is a successor region that was created by areas from existing territories undergoing parallel political transitions beginning with disputes over which country owned the region (See Oregon Country); by 1863 the area west of the Continental Divide that was formerly part of the huge Oregon Territory (by now some was a state) had been sundered from the coastal Washington Territory north of the young State of Oregon to the far west and the remnant of the Oregon Territory was officially 'unorganized'— whereas most of the area east of the Continental Divide had been part of the loosely defined Dakota Territory ending along the 49th parallel—now the border with Canada, then a colonial possession of Great Britain.
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Illinois
Illinois (i/ˌɪlɨˈnɔɪ/ IL-i-NOY) is the 25th most extensive and the 5th most populous of the 50 United States, and is often noted as a microcosm of the entire country. With Chicago in the northeast, small industrial cities and great agricultural productivity in central and northern Illinois, and natural resources like coal, timber, and petroleum in the south, Illinois has a broad economic base. Illinois is a major transportation hub. The Port of Chicago connects the state to other global ports from the Great Lakes, via the Saint Lawrence Seaway, to the Atlantic Ocean; as well as the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River, via the Illinois River. For decades, O'Hare International Airport has ranked as one of the world's busiest airports. Illinois has long had a reputation as a bellwether both in social and cultural terms and politics.
Although the state's largest population centers today are in northern Illinois, originally the state's population grew from south to north, with settlers arriving from Kentucky in the 1810s. In 1818, Illinois achieved statehood. Chicago was founded in the 1830s on the banks of the Chicago River, one of the few natural harbors on southern Lake Michigan. Railroads and John Deere's invention of the self-scouring steel plow turned Illinois' rich prairie into some of the world's most productive and valuable farmlands, attracting immigrant farmers from Germany and Sweden. By 1900, the growth of industrial jobs in the northern cities and coal mining in the central and southern areas attracted immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe. Illinois was an important manufacturing center during both world wars. The Great Migration established a large community of African Americans in Chicago that created the city's famous jazz and blues cultures.
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Indianapolis
Indianapolis /ˌɪndiəˈnæpɵlɨs/ (abbreviated Indy /ˈɪndi/) is the capital of the US state of Indiana, and the county seat of Marion County, Indiana. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population is 829,718. It is Indiana's largest city and, as of the 2010 U.S. Census, is the 12th largest city in the U.S., the second largest city in the Midwest (behind Chicago), the second most populous state capital (after Phoenix, Arizona), and the most populous state capital east of the Mississippi River. Indianapolis is also one of the fastest growing regions in the United States.
For much of its history, Indianapolis has oriented itself around government and industry, particularly manufacturing. Today, Indianapolis has a much more diversified economy, contributing to the fields of education, health care, and finance. Tourism is also a vital part of the economy of Indianapolis, and the city plays host to numerous conventions and sporting events. Of these, perhaps the most well known is the annual Indianapolis 500 and the NHRA U.S. Nationals. Other major sporting events include the Brickyard 400 and the Men's and Women's NCAA Basketball Tournaments. 2012 marked the first time Indianapolis hosted the Super Bowl. Super Bowl XLVI was played at Lucas Oil Stadium, on February 5, 2012 in Downtown Indianapolis. Also held in Lucas Oil Stadium is the Drum Corps International World Championships, and the Music for All Bands of America Grand National Championships.
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Iowa
Iowa (i/ˈaɪ.əwə/) is a state located in the Midwestern United States, an area often referred to as the "American Heartland". It derives its name from the Ioway people, one of the many American Indian tribes that occupied the state at the time of European exploration. Iowa was a part of the French colony of New France. After the Louisiana Purchase, settlers laid the foundation for an agriculture-based economy in the heart of the Corn Belt. Iowa is often known as the "Food Capital of the World".
In the latter half of the 20th century, Iowa's agricultural economy transitioned to a diversified economy of advanced manufacturing, processing, financial services, biotechnology, and green energy production. Iowa is the 26th most extensive and the 30th most populous of the 50 United States. Its capital and largest city is Des Moines. Iowa has been listed as one of the safest states to live in.
Iowa is bordered by the Mississippi River on the east; the Missouri River and the Big Sioux River on the west; the northern boundary is a line along 43 degrees, 30 minutes north latitude. The southern border is the Des Moines River and a not-quite-straight line along approximately 40 degrees 35 minutes north, as decided by the U.S. Supreme Court in Missouri v. Iowa after a standoff between Missouri and Iowa known as the Honey War.
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Jackson, Mississippi
Jackson is the capital and the most populous city of the US state of Mississippi. It is one of two county seats of Hinds County (the town of Raymond is the other),. The population of the city declined from 184,256 at the 2000 census to 173,514 at the 2010 census. The 2010 census ascribed a population of 539,005 to the five-county Jackson metropolitan area.
The current slogan for the city is Jackson, Mississippi: City with Soul. Jackson is ranked 3rd out of America's 100 largest metro areas for the best "Bang For Your Buck" city according to Forbes magazine. The study measured overall affordability, housing rates, and more. The city is named after Andrew Jackson, who was still a general at the time of the naming but later became president. The city is the anchor of the Metro area.
USS Jackson (LCS-6) will be the first ship of the United States Navy to be named in honor of the city.
The region which is now the city of Jackson was historically part of the large territory occupied by the Choctaw Nation, the last of the indigenous peoples who had inhabited the area for thousands of years. The area now called Jackson was obtained by the United States under the terms of the Treaty of Doak's Stand in 1820, by which the Choctaw ceded some of their land. After the treaty was ratified, European-American settlers began to move into the area, so many that they encroached on remaining Choctaw land.
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Jerome County, Idaho
Jerome County is a county in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2000 Census the county had a population of 18,342 (2008 estimate: 20,468). The county seat and largest city is Jerome.
Jerome County was created by the Idaho Legislature on February 8, 1919, by a partition of Lincoln County. It was named after either Jerome Hill, a developer of the North Side Irrigation Project, his son-in-law Jerome Kuhn, or his grandson Jerome Kuhn, Jr.
The Minidoka Relocation Camp, one of ten Japanese American internment camps set up during World War II, was located in Jerome County, six miles north of Eden.
Jerome County is part of the Twin Falls, Idaho Micropolitan Statistical Area.
According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 601.87 square miles (1,558.8 km2), of which 599.84 square miles (1,553.6 km2) (or 99.66%) is land and 2.03 square miles (5.3 km2) (or 0.34%) is water.
As of the census of 2000, there were 18,342 people, 6,298 households, and 4,805 families residing in the county. The population density was 31 people per square mile (12/km²). There were 6,713 housing units at an average density of 11 per square mile (4/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 86.99% White, 0.23% Black or African American, 0.69% Native American, 0.27% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 9.84% from other races, and 1.94% from two or more races. 17.17% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 15.4% were of English, 15.3% German, 11.6% American and 6.2% Irish ancestry according to Census 2000.
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Julia Davis Park
Julia Davis Park is the first park in the "string of pearls", the public park system found running through the middle of Boise, Idaho. It is centrally located within the city of Boise and is bordered by Broadway Avenue to the east, Capital Boulevard to the west, the Boise River to the south, and Myrtle Street to the north. Found on its grounds are a number of prominent sites that are important to both the history of Boise and to present culture. The Park includes three nationally accredited museums: the Boise Art Museum, the Idaho Black History Museum, and the Idaho State Historical Museum. Also located in the park are the Idaho Rose Society, Zoo Boise, the Gene Harris Band Shell, and a lush Rose Garden. The park itself exhibits several works of art such as a 2002 statue by Jerry Snodgrass memorializing the pioneers who passed through the area including Julia Davis. Additionally, the Park has access to the Boise River, recreational sites such as a playground and tennis court, the Greenbelt, a pond, and a pedestrian bridge over the river connecting the park with Boise State University. The park was founded in 1907 by Thomas Jefferson Davis and named after his wife.
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Juneau, Alaska
The City and Borough of Juneau ( /ˈdʒuːnoʊ/) is a unified municipality located on the Gastineau Channel in the panhandle of the U.S. state of Alaska. It has been the capital of Alaska since 1906, when the government of the then-District of Alaska was moved from Sitka as dictated by the U.S. Congress in 1900. The municipality unified on July 1, 1970, when the city of Juneau merged with the city of Douglas and the surrounding Greater Juneau Borough to form the current home rule municipality.
The area of Juneau is larger than that of Rhode Island and Delaware individually and almost as large as the two states combined. Downtown Juneau 58°18′07″N 134°25′11″W / 58.30194°N 134.41972°W / 58.30194; -134.41972 is nestled at the base of Mount Juneau and across the channel from Douglas Island. As of the 2010 census, the City and Borough had a population of 31,275.
Juneau is named after gold prospector Joe Juneau, though the place was for a time called Rockwell and then Harrisburg (after Juneau's co-prospector, Richard Harris). The Tlingit name of the town is Dzántik'i Héeni ("river where the flounders gather"), and Auke Bay just north of Juneau proper is called Aak'w ("little lake") in Tlingit. The Taku River, just south of Juneau, was named after the cold t'aakh wind, which occasionally blows down from the mountains.
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Kansas
Kansas (i/ˈkænzəs/) is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. It is named after the Kansas River which flows through it, which in turn was named after the Kansa Native American tribe, which inhabited the area. The tribe's name (natively kką:ze) is often said to mean "people of the wind" or "people of the south wind," although this was probably not the term's original meaning. Residents of Kansas are called "Kansans."
For thousands of years what is now Kansas was home to numerous and diverse Native American tribes. Tribes in the Eastern part of the state generally lived in villages along the river valleys. Tribes in the Western part of the state were semi-nomadic and hunted large herds of bison. Kansas was first settled by European Americans in the 1830s, but the pace of settlement accelerated in the 1850s, in the midst of political wars over the slavery issue. When officially opened to settlement by the U.S. government in 1854, abolitionist Free-Staters from New England and pro-slavery settlers from neighboring Missouri rushed to the territory to determine if Kansas would become a free state or a slave state. Thus, the area was a hotbed of violence and chaos in its early days as these forces collided, and was known as Bleeding Kansas. The abolitionists eventually prevailed and on January 29, 1861, Kansas entered the Union as a free state. After the Civil War, the population of Kansas grew rapidly, when waves of immigrants turned the prairie into farmland. Today, Kansas is one of the most productive agricultural states, producing high yields of wheat, sorghum and sunflowers. Kansas is the 15th most extensive and the 33rd most populous of the 50 United States.
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Kentucky
Kentucky (i/kɨnˈtʌki/), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state located in the Upper South of the United States. Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth (the others being Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts). Originally a part of Virginia, in 1792 Kentucky became the 15th state to join the Union. Kentucky is the 37th most extensive and the 26th most populous of the 50 United States.
Kentucky is known as the "Bluegrass State", a nickname based on the fact that bluegrass is present in many of the pastures throughout the state, because of the fertile soil. It made possible the breeding of high-quality livestock, especially thoroughbred racing horses. It is a land with diverse environments and abundant resources, including the world's longest cave system, Mammoth Cave National Park; the greatest length of navigable waterways and streams in the contiguous United States; and the two largest man-made lakes east of the Mississippi River. It is also home to the highest per capita number of deer and turkey in the United States, the largest free-ranging elk herd east of Montana, and the nation's most productive coalfield. Kentucky is also known for horse racing, bourbon distilleries, bluegrass music, automobile manufacturing, tobacco and college basketball.
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Kuna, Idaho
Kuna is a city in Ada County, Idaho, United States. It is part of the Boise City–Nampa, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 15,210 at the 2010 census.
Kuna is one of the fastest-growing areas in Idaho, having nearly tripled in population between 2000 and 2010.
Kuna is located at 43°29′35″N 116°25′8″W / 43.49306°N 116.41889°W / 43.49306; -116.41889 (43.493092, -116.418936) at an elevation of 2,694 feet (821 m) above sea level. Kuna's business center is approximately 18 miles (29 km) southwest of downtown Boise, the state capital.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city had a total area of 18.07 square miles (46.8 km2) in 2010, all of it land. At the 2000 census, the city had a total area of only 2.4 square miles (6.2 km2)
South of Kuna is located the Kuna Caves, an underground lava flow cave.
A small seasonal creek, Indian Creek, runs through the city. It is now used as an irrigation canal, filled by the New York Canal from the Boise River Diversion Dam. One of the few small floatable waterways in the region, Indian Creek is a favorite swimming spot for local residents.
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Lanham, Maryland
Lanham is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Prince George's County, Maryland, in the United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 10,157. The terminal of the Washington Metro's Orange Line, as well as an Amtrak station, are across the Capital Beltway in New Carrollton, Maryland. Doctors Community Hospital is located in Lanham.
The Thomas J. Calloway House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Lanham has a total area of 3.6 square miles (9.2 km2), of which 3.5 square miles (9.1 km2) is land and 0.02 square miles (0.05 km2), or 0.54%, is water.
Lanham is served by the Prince George's County Public Schools system.
Shoppers Food & Pharmacy, software company Vocus, media company Radio One and publisher Rowman & Littlefield are based in Lanham.
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Lansing, Michigan
Lansing ( /ˈlænsɪŋ/) is the capital of the U.S. state of Michigan. It is located mostly in Ingham County, although small portions of the city extend into Eaton County. The 2010 Census places the city's population at 114,297, making it the fifth largest city in Michigan. The population of its Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) was 464,036, while the even larger Combined Statistical Area (CSA) population, which includes Shiawassee County, was 534,684.
The Lansing Metropolitan Area, colloquially referred to as "Mid-Michigan", is an important center for educational, cultural, governmental, business, and high-tech manufacturing, including two medical schools, one veterinary school, two nursing schools, two law schools, including the nation's largest law school (Thomas M. Cooley Law School), a Big Ten Conference university (Michigan State), the Michigan State Capitol, the state Supreme Court and Court of Appeals, a federal court, the Library of Michigan and Historical Center, and headquarters of four national insurance companies.
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Lemhi County, Idaho
Lemhi County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. The county was established in 1869, named after Fort Lemhi (or Limhi), a remote Mormon missionary settlement from 1855-58 in Bannock and Shoshone territory. As of the 2010 Census the county had a population of 7,936. The largest city and county seat is Salmon.
According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 4,569.50 square miles (11,835.0 km2), of which 4,564.16 square miles (11,821.1 km2) (or 99.88%) is land and 5.35 square miles (13.9 km2) (or 0.12%) is water. The highest point is Scott Peak at 11,393 feet (3472 m) above sea level, and the lowest point is the Salmon River as it exits on the county's western border with Idaho County at approximately 3,000 feet (914 m). The river cuts through the center of Lemhi County before turning west. The county's eastern border with Beaverhead County, Montana, is the continental divide.
As of the census of 2000, there were 7,806 people, 3,275 households, and 2,217 families residing in the county. The population density was 2 people per square mile (1/km²). There were 4,154 housing units at an average density of 1 per square mile (0/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 96.63% White, 0.10% Black or African American, 0.60% Native American, 0.18% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.77% from other races, and 1.68% from two or more races. 2.18% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 19.5% were of German, 18.0% English, 11.4% American and 6.5% Irish ancestry according to Census 2000.
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Lewis County, Idaho
Lewis County is a county in the U.S. state of Idaho. Partitioned from Nez Perce County and established in 1911, it was named after the explorer Meriwether Lewis. Located in the north central region of the state, its population was 3,821 at the 2010 census. The county seat is Nezperce, and Kamiah is the largest city. Most of the county is within the Nez Perce Indian Reservation.
According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 479.81 square miles (1,242.7 km2), of which 479.04 square miles (1,240.7 km2) (or 99.84%) is land and 0.77 square miles (2.0 km2) (or 0.16%) is water. The county contains a portion of the Camas Prairie, an elevated prairie-like region of the middle Columbia basin, south of the Clearwater River.
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,747 people, 1,554 households, and 1,050 families residing in the county. The population density was 8 people per square mile (3/km²). There were 1,795 housing units at an average density of 4 per square mile (1/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 92.21% White, 0.35% Black or African American, 3.84% Native American, 0.43% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 0.93% from other races, and 2.16% from two or more races. 1.89% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 30.6% were of German, 17.5% American, 10.6% English and 8.7% Irish ancestry according to Census 2000.
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Lewiston, Idaho
Lewiston is a city in and also the county seat of Nez Perce County in the U.S. state of Idaho. It is the second-largest city in the northern Idaho region, behind Coeur d'Alene and ninth-largest in the state. Lewiston is the principal city of the Lewiston, ID - Clarkston, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Nez Perce County and Asotin County, Washington. As of the 2010 census, the population of Lewiston was 31,894.
Lewiston is located at the confluence of the Snake River and Clearwater River, thirty miles (48 km) northwest of the Lower Granite Dam. Because of dams (and their locks) on the Snake and Columbia River, Lewiston is reachable by some ocean-going vessels. The Port of Lewiston (Idaho's only seaport) has the distinction of being the farthest inland port east of the West Coast of the United States. The Lewiston-Nez Perce County Airport serves the city by air.
Lewiston was founded in 1861 in the wake of a gold rush which began the previous year near Pierce, northeast of Lewiston. In 1863 Lewiston became the capital of the newly-created Idaho Territory. Lewiston's stint as a seat of the new territory's government was short-lived however, a resolution, to have the capital moved from Lewiston to Boise, was passed by the Idaho Territorial Legislature on December 7, 1864.
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Lincoln, Nebraska
The City of Lincoln is the capital and the second-most populous city of the US state of Nebraska. Lincoln is also the county seat of Lancaster County and the home of the University of Nebraska. Lincoln's 2010 Census population was 258,379.
Lincoln was founded in 1856 as the village of Lancaster, and became the county seat of the newly created Lancaster County in 1859. The capital of Nebraska Territory had been Omaha since the creation of the territory in 1854; however, most of the territory's population lived south of the Platte River. After much of the territory south of the Platte considered annexation to Kansas, the legislature voted to move the capital south of the river and as far west as possible. The village of Lancaster was chosen, in part due to the salt flats and marshes.[citation needed]
Omaha interests attempted to derail the move by having Lancaster renamed after the recently assassinated President Abraham Lincoln. Many of the people south of the river had been sympathetic to the Confederate cause in the recently concluded Civil War, and it was assumed that the legislature would not pass the measure if the future capital were named after Lincoln. The ploy did not work, as Lancaster was renamed Lincoln and became the state capital upon Nebraska's admission to the Union on March 1, 1867.[citation needed] The choice to name the capital city "Lincoln" caused quite a stir among constituents, whose sentiments were mixed regarding who should have won the Civil War.
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Louisiana
Louisiana (i/luːˌiːziˈænə/ or i/ˌluːziˈænə/; French: État de Louisiane, [lwizjan] ( listen); Louisiana Creole: Léta de la Lwizyàn) is a state located in the southern region of the United States of America. Louisiana is the 31st most extensive and the 25th most populous of the 50 United States. Its capital is Baton Rouge and largest city is New Orleans. Louisiana is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes, which are local governments equivalent to counties. The largest parish by population is East Baton Rouge Parish, and the largest by land area is Cameron Parish.
Much of the state was formed from sediment washed down the Mississippi River, leaving enormous deltas and vast areas of coastal marsh and swamp. These contain a rich southern biota; typical examples include birds such as ibis and egrets. There are also many species of tree frogs, and fish such as sturgeon and paddlefish. In more elevated areas, fire is a natural process in the landscape, and has produced extensive areas of longleaf pine forest and wet savannas. These support an exceptionally large number of plant species including many species of orchids and carnivorus plants.
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Madison, Wisconsin
Madison is the capital of the U.S. state of Wisconsin and the county seat of Dane County. As of the 2010 census, Madison had a population of 233,209. making it the second largest city in Wisconsin, after Milwaukee, and the 81st largest in the United States. The city forms the core of the United States Census Bureau's Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Dane County and neighboring Iowa and Columbia counties. The Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area had a 2010 population of 568,593.
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Maine
Maine (i/ˈmeɪn/) is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and south, New Hampshire to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Quebec to the northwest and New Brunswick to the northeast. Maine is both the northernmost and easternmost portion of New England. It is known for its scenery—its jagged, mostly rocky coastline, its low, rolling mountains, its heavily forested interior and picturesque waterways—as well as for its seafood cuisine, especially lobsters and clams.
For thousands of years, indigenous peoples were the only inhabitants of the territory that is now Maine. At the time of European encounter, several Algonquian-speaking peoples inhabited the area. The first European settlement in Maine was by the French in 1604 on Saint Croix Island, by Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Mons. The first English settlement in Maine, the short-lived Popham Colony, was established by the Plymouth Company in 1607. A number of English settlements were established along the coast of Maine in the 1620s, although the rugged climate, deprivations, and conflict with the local peoples caused many to fail over the years. As Maine entered the 18th century, only a half dozen European settlements survived. Patriot and British forces contended for Maine's territory during the American Revolution and the War of 1812. Maine was part of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts until 1820, when it voted to secede from Massachusetts. On March 15, 1820, it was admitted to the Union as the 23rd state under the Missouri Compromise. Maine is the 39th most extensive and the 41st most populous of the 50 United States.
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Marsing, Idaho
Marsing is a city in Owyhee County, Idaho, United States. The population was 1,031 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Boise City–Nampa, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Marsing is located at 43°32′44″N 116°48′28″W / 43.54556°N 116.80778°W / 43.54556; -116.80778 (43.545484, -116.807811), at an elevation of 2,300 feet (701 m) above sea level. The city is on the Snake River, which is the border with Canyon County.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.7 square miles (1.8 km2), all land.
State Highway 55 connects the city with Canyon County and continues to Nampa to the northeast. Two miles (3 km) west of Marsing, Highway 55 connects with U.S. Route 95, the primary north-south route for the state. State Highway 78 heads southeast to Murphy and Grand View within Owyhee County.
As of the census of 2000, there were 890 people, 332 households, and 235 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,331.0 people per square mile (512.9/km²). There were 366 housing units at an average density of 547.4 per square mile (210.9/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 74.04% White, 0.45% African American, 1.12% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.11% Pacific Islander, 22.36% from other races, and 1.69% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 26.97% of the population.
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Maryland
Maryland (i/ˈmɛrɨlənd/) is a U.S. state located in the Mid Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east. Maryland was the seventh state to ratify the United States Constitution, and three nicknames for it (the Old Line State, the Free State, and the Chesapeake Bay State) are occasionally used. Maryland is the 9th smallest state by area, but the 19th most populous and the 5th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The state's most populated city is Baltimore. Its capital is Annapolis. It was named after Queen Henrietta Maria.
Maryland has an area of 12,406.68 square miles (32,133.2 km2) and is comparable in overall area with the European country of Belgium (11,787 square miles (30,530 km2)). It is the 42nd largest/9th smallest state, and is closest in size to Hawaii (10,930.98 square miles (28,311.1 km2)), the next smallest state. The next largest state, Maryland's neighbor West Virginia, is almost twice the size of Maryland (24,229.76 square miles (62,754.8 km2)).
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Massachusetts
Massachusetts (i/ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsɨts/), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. Massachusetts is the 7th least extensive, but the 14th most populous and the 3rd most densely populated of the 50 United States. The state features two separate metropolitan areas – the eastern Boston metropolitan area and the western Springfield metropolitan area. Approximately two thirds of the state's population lives in Greater Boston, most of which is either urban or suburban. Western Massachusetts features one urban area – the Knowledge Corridor along the Connecticut River – and a mix of college towns and rural areas. Massachusetts is the most populous of the six New England states and has the US's sixth highest GDP per capita.
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McCall, Idaho
McCall is a resort town on the western edge of Valley County, Idaho, United States. Named after its founder, Tom McCall, it is situated on the southern shore of Payette Lake, near the center of the Payette National Forest. The population was 2,991 as of the 2010 census, up from 2,084 in 2000.
Originally a logging community whose last sawmill closed in 1977, McCall is now an all-season tourist destination for outdoor recreation. The resort town is known for its Winter Carnival, extended winters, and the highest average snowfall in the state.
McCall is located at 44°54′39″N 116°6′11″W / 44.91083°N 116.10306°W / 44.91083; -116.10306 (44.910906, -116.103087), at an elevation of 5,013 feet (1,528 m) above sea level.
According to the U.S. Census, the city has a total area of 6.6 square miles (17 km2), of which, 5.9 square miles (15 km2) of it is land and 0.7 square miles (1.8 km2) of it (10.99%) is water.
McCall is approximately 100 miles (160 km) north of Boise, accessed via State Highway 55, the Payette River Scenic Byway, a designated national scenic byway. It heads north from Eagle in Ada County to Horseshoe Bend in Boise County, and climbs the whitewater of the Payette River to Cascade and McCall. The route turns west at Payette Lake in McCall and ends at New Meadows in Adams County, at the junction with US-95.
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Melba, Idaho
Melba is a city in Canyon County, Idaho, United States. The population was 513 at the 2010 census, up from 439 in 2000. It is part of the Boise City–Nampa, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Melba is located at 43°22′25″N 116°31′45″W / 43.37361°N 116.52917°W / 43.37361; -116.52917 (43.373487, -116.529194). at an elevation of 2,667 feet (813 m) above sea level. It is 12 miles (19 km) south of Nampa, and three miles (5 km) northeast of the Snake River.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.3 square miles (0.78 km2), all of it land.
As of the census of 2000, there were 439 people, 156 households, and 105 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,481.5 people per square mile (565.0/km²). There were 164 housing units at an average density of 553.4 per square mile (211.1/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 84.28% White, 0.46% Native American, 0.23% Asian, 13.67% from other races, and 1.37% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14.58% of the population.
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Meridian, Idaho
Meridian is the second-largest city in Ada County, Idaho, USA, and the third-largest in the state. As of 2010, the population of Meridian was 75,092.
Having recently surpassed the eastern Idaho cities of Pocatello and Idaho Falls, the 2010 census placed Meridian as the third-largest city in Idaho behind Boise and Nampa, all in the Treasure Valley. Meridian is the state's fastest-growing city, with an 81.5 percent increase in population since 2000.
The Meridian School District is the largest in the state. Meridian is part of the Boise metropolitan area.
Meridian is located at 43°36′51″N 116°23′56″W / 43.61417°N 116.39889°W / 43.61417; -116.39889 (43.614229, -116.398963).
According to the U.S. Census, the city has a total area of 11.8 sq mi (31 km2), all land.
ZIP codes: 83642, 83646 (As of July 1, 2006)
The majority of Meridian lies on a flat plain, roughly in the north central part of Treasure Valley. There is a low bench along the south east edge of the city. The city is crossed by several irrigation canals that generally run from the south east to the north west. The Boise River runs north of the city. The Snake river runs far south of the city. Squaw Butte is visible to the north at 5,873 feet (1,790 m). Shafer Butte is visible to the north east at 7,572 feet (2,308 m). The Owyhee Mountains are visible to the far south.
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Mexico
Mexico (i/ˈmɛksɨkoʊ/; Spanish: México, IPA: [ˈmexiko] ( listen)), officially the United Mexican States (Spanish: Estados Unidos Mexicanos (help·info)), is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States of America; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost two million square kilometres (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the fifth largest country in the Americas by total area and the thirteenth largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of over 113 million, it is the eleventh most populous country and the most populous Spanish-speaking country. Mexico is a federation comprising thirty-one states and a Federal District, the capital city.
In Pre-Columbian Mexico many cultures matured into advanced civilizations such as the Olmec, the Toltec, the Teotihuacan, the Zapotec, the Maya and the Aztec before the first contact with Europeans. In 1521, Spain conquered and colonized the territory from its base in México-Tenochtitlan, which was administered as the Viceroyalty of New Spain. This territory would eventually become Mexico as the colony's independence was recognized in 1821. The post-independence period was characterized by economic instability, the Mexican-American War and territorial cession to the United States, a civil war, two empires and a domestic dictatorship. The latter led to the Mexican Revolution in 1910, which culminated with the promulgation of the 1917 Constitution and the emergence of the country's current political system. Elections held in July 2000 marked the first time that an opposition party won the presidency from the Institutional Revolutionary Party.
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Michigan
Michigan (i/ˈmɪʃɨɡən/) is a state located in the Great Lakes region of the Midwestern United States. The name Michigan is the French form of the Ojibwa word mishigamaa, meaning "large water" or "large lake". Michigan is the 8th most populous of the 50 United States, with the 11th most extensive total area. Its capital is Lansing, and the largest city is Detroit. Michigan was admitted into the Union on January 26, 1837 as the 26th state.
Michigan has the longest freshwater coastline of any political subdivision in the world, being bounded by four of the five Great Lakes, plus Lake Saint Clair. Michigan is one of the leading U.S. states for recreational boating. The state has 64,980 inland lakes and ponds. A person in the state is never more than six miles (9.7 km) from a natural water source or more than 85 miles (137 km) from a Great Lakes shoreline. It is the largest state by total area east of the Mississippi River.
Michigan is the only state to consist of two peninsulas. The Lower Peninsula, to which the name Michigan was originally applied, is often noted to be shaped like a mitten. The Upper Peninsula (often referred to as "the U.P.") is separated from the Lower Peninsula by the Straits of Mackinac, a five-mile (8 km) channel that joins Lake Huron to Lake Michigan. The two peninsulas are connected by the Mackinac Bridge. The Upper Peninsula is economically important due to its status as a tourist destination. There is also a variety of natural resources to be found there, including a sizable amount of iron ore.
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Microsoft
Coordinates: 47°38′22.55″N 122°7′42.42″W / 47.6395972°N 122.12845°W / 47.6395972; -122.12845
Microsoft Corporation (NASDAQ: MSFT) is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, Washington, United States that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of products and services predominantly related to computing through its various product divisions. Established on April 4, 1975 to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800, Microsoft rose to dominate the home computer operating system market with MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems. Microsoft is one of the largest software corporations in the world.
Microsoft would also come to dominate the office suite market with Microsoft Office. The company has diversified into the video game industry with the Xbox and Xbox 360 consoles and the consumer electronics and digital services market MSN, the Zune and the Windows Phone OS. The ensuing rise of stock in the company's 1986 initial public offering (IPO) made an estimated three billionaires and 12,000 millionaires from Microsoft employees (Forbes 400 list revealed that in March 2011 both Jon Shipley and Nathan Myhrvold lost their billionaire status). In May 2011, Microsoft Corporation acquired Skype Communications for $8.5 billion.
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Middleton, Idaho
Middleton is a city in Canyon County, Idaho, United States. The population was 5,524 at the 2010 census, up from 2,978 in 2000. It is part of the Boise City–Nampa, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Middleton, one of the oldest settlements in the state, was named because it was midway between Boise and an old ferry on the Snake River. It had a stage station in the early days of the Oregon Trail, a post office in 1866 and a water powered gist mill in 1871. The Ward Massacre occurred near the site in 1854.
Middleton is the oldest settlement in Canyon County, with the land being parceled out in 1863 by William N. Montgomery. The Boise River flooded in 1872 and cut a new channel, isolating the town on an island; as a result, the town moved to a new location in the years after 1880. The town incorporated as a city in 1910 (although the certificate wasn't issued until 1971.) The present mayor is Vicki Thurber.
On February 1, 2007, 78% of Middleton High School burned down, caused by the overheating of a fan above the weight room. The 42-year old building was built when fire codes required sprinklers to be installed, but there was no provision for their functionality. To save money during the construction of the school in the 1960s, the sprinklers were installed but were never connected to a water source.
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Minnesota
Minnesota (i/mɪnɨˈsoʊtə/) is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. Minnesota was carved out of the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory and admitted to the Union as the thirty-second state on May 11, 1858. Known as the "Land of 10,000 Lakes", the state's name comes from a Dakota word for "sky-tinted water". Those waters, together with forests, parks, and wilderness areas, offer residents and tourists a variety of outdoor recreational opportunities.
Minnesota is the 12th most extensive and the 21st most populous of the U.S. states. Nearly 60% of its residents live in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul metropolitan area (known as the "Twin Cities"), the center of transportation, business, industry and education and home to an internationally known arts community. The remainder of the state consists of western prairies now given over to intensive agriculture; deciduous forests in the southeast, now cleared, farmed and settled; and the less populated North Woods, used for mining, forestry, and recreation.
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Mississippi
Mississippi (i/ˌmɪsɨˈsɪpi/) is a U.S. state located in the Southern United States. Jackson is the state capital and largest city. The name of the state derives from the Mississippi River, which flows along its western boundary, whose name comes from the Ojibwe word misi-ziibi ("Great River"). Mississippi is the 32nd most extensive and the 31st most populous of the 50 United States. The state is heavily forested outside of the Mississippi Delta area, which was cleared for cotton cultivation in the 19th century. Today, its catfish aquaculture farms produce the majority of farm-raised catfish consumed in the United States. The state symbol is the magnolia grandiflora tree.
Mississippi is bordered on the north by Tennessee, on the east by Alabama, on the south by Louisiana and a narrow coast on the Gulf of Mexico and on the west, across the Mississippi River, by Louisiana and Arkansas.
In addition to its namesake, major rivers in Mississippi include the Big Black River, the Pearl River, the Yazoo River, the Pascagoula River, and the Tombigbee River. Major lakes include Ross Barnett Reservoir, Arkabutla Lake, Sardis Lake and Grenada Lake. The largest lake in Mississippi is Grenada Lake.
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Missouri
Missouri (i/mɨˈzʊəri/) (nickname The Show Me State) is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States, bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Kansas and Nebraska. Missouri is the 21st most extensive and the 18th most populous of the 50 United States. Missouri comprises 114 counties and the independent city of St. Louis. The four largest urban areas are St. Louis, Kansas City, Springfield, and Columbia. Missouri's capital is Jefferson City. The land that is now Missouri was acquired from France as part of the Louisiana Purchase and became known as the Missouri Territory. Part of the Territory was admitted into the union as the 24th state on August 10, 1821.
Missouri generally mirrors the demographic, economic and political makeup of America and has long been considered a political bellwether state. With the exceptions of the Presidential elections of 1956 and 2008, Missouri's results have accurately predicted the next President of the United States in every election since 1904. It has both Midwestern and Southern cultural influences, reflecting its history as a border state. It is also a transition between the Eastern and Western United States, as St. Louis is often called the "western-most Eastern city" and Kansas City the "eastern-most Western city". Missouri's geography is highly varied. The northern part of the state lies in dissected till plains while the southern part lies in the Ozark Mountains (a dissected plateau), with the Missouri River dividing the two. The state lies at the intersection of the three greatest rivers of North America, with the confluence of the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers near St. Louis, and the confluence of the Ohio River with the Mississippi north of the Bootheel. The starting points of the Pony Express Trail and Oregon Trail were both in Missouri. The mean center of United States population as of the 2010 Census is at the town of Plato in Texas County, Missouri.
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Montana
Montana (i/mɒnˈtænə/) is a state in the Western United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller "island ranges" are found in the central third of the state, for a total of 77 named ranges that are part of the Rocky Mountains. This geographical fact is reflected in the state's name, derived from the Spanish word montaña (mountain). Montana has several nicknames, none official, including: "Big Sky Country" and "The Treasure State", and slogans that include "Land of the Shining Mountains" and more recently, "The Last Best Place". Montana is the 4th-most extensive, but the 7th-least populous and the 3rd-least densely populated of the 50 United States. The economy is primarily based on services, with ranching, wheat farming, oil and coal mining in the east, and lumber, tourism, and hard rock mining in the west. Millions of tourists annually visit Glacier National Park, the Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument, and three of the five entrances to Yellowstone National Park.
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Montgomery, Alabama
Montgomery ( /mɒntˈɡʌməri/) is the capital of the US state of Alabama, and is the county seat of Montgomery County. It is located on the Alabama River southeast of the center of the state, in the Gulf Coastal Plain. As of the 2010 census, Montgomery had a population of 205,764 making it the second-largest city in Alabama, after Birmingham, and the 103rd largest in the United States. Montgomery is the primary city of the Montgomery Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had a 2010 estimated population of 374,536. It is the fourth-largest in the state and 136th among United States metropolitan areas.
The city was incorporated in 1819, as a merger of two towns situated along the Alabama River. It became the state capital in 1846, representing the shift of power to the south-central area with the growth of cotton as a commodity crop of the Black Belt and Mobile's rise as a mercantile port. In February 1861, Montgomery was selected as the first capital of the Confederate States of America, until the seat of government moved to Richmond, Virginia, in May of that year. During the mid-20th century, Montgomery was a major site of events in the African-American Civil Rights Movement, including the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the Selma to Montgomery marches.
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Montpelier, Vermont
Montpelier /mɒntˈpiːliər/ is a city in the U.S. state of Vermont that serves as the state capital and the shire town (county seat) of Washington County. As the capital of Vermont, Montpelier is the site of the Vermont State House, seat of the legislative branch of Vermont government. The population was 7,855 at the 2010 census. By population, it is the smallest state capital in the United States. The Vermont History Museum and Vermont College of Fine Arts are located in Montpelier.
Chartered by the Vermont General Assembly on August 14, 1781, the town was granted to Timothy Bigelow and 58 others. The first permanent settlement began in May 1787, when Colonel Jacob Davis and General Parley Davis arrived from Charlton, Massachusetts. General Davis surveyed the land, while Colonel Davis cleared forest and erected a large log house on the west side of the North Branch of the Winooski River. His family moved in the following winter.
It was Colonel Davis who selected the name Montpelier after the French city Montpellier. There was a general enthusiasm for things French as a result of the country's aid during the American Revolution. The settlement grew quickly, and by 1791 the population reached 117.
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Moscow, Idaho
Moscow ( /ˈmɒskoʊ/ MOSS-koh) is a city in northern Idaho, situated along the Washington/Idaho border. It is the most populous city and county seat of Latah County and the home of the University of Idaho, the land grant institution and primary research university for the state, as well as the home of New Saint Andrews College. Eight miles (12 km) west is Pullman, Washington, home of Washington's land-grant university, Washington State University.
While the university is the dominant employer in Moscow, the city also serves as an agricultural and commercial hub for the Palouse region. The 2010 census reported a population of 23,800.
Moscow is the principal city in the Moscow, Idaho Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Latah County. Moscow is the birthplace of writer Carol Ryrie Brink and singer Josh Ritter.
Along with the rest of northern Idaho, Moscow resides in the Pacific Time Zone. The elevation of its city center is 2,579 feet (786 m) above sea level. Major highways serving the city are US-95 (north-south) and Highway 8 (east-west), both of which are routed through Moscow city center. Limited commercial air service is four miles west (6.4 km) at the Pullman-Moscow Regional Airport.
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Mountain Home, Idaho
Mountain Home is the largest city and county seat of Elmore County, Idaho. The population was 14,206 at the 2010 census. Mountain Home is the principal city of the Mountain Home, ID Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Elmore County.
Mountain Home was originally a post office at Rattlesnake Station, a stagecoach stop on the Overland Stage Line, about seven miles (11 km) east of the city, on present-day US-20 towards Fairfield. With the addition of the Oregon Short Line railroad in 1883, the post office was moved downhill and west to the city's present site.
Mountain Home Air Force Base, an Air Combat Command installation, is located 12 miles (19 km) southwest of the city. Opened in 1943 during World War II, MHAFB was originally a bomber training base and later an operational SAC bomber and missile base (1953–65). It switched to TAC and fighters in January 1966; TAC was succeeded by ACC in 1992.
Mountain Home is located at 43°8′13″N 115°41′40″W / 43.13694°N 115.69444°W / 43.13694; -115.69444 (43.136812, -115.694474), at an elevation of 3,146 feet (959 m) above sea level.
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Nampa, Idaho
Nampa ( /ˈnæmpə/) is the largest and the fastest growing city in Canyon County, Idaho, USA. The population of Nampa was 81,557 at the 2010 census. Nampa is located about 20 miles (32 km) west of Boise along Interstate 84, and six miles (10 km) west of Meridian. Nampa is part of the Boise metropolitan area. The name "Nampa" came from a Shoshone word whose meaning is either moccasin or footprint.
Nampa began its life in the early 1880s when the Oregon Short Line Railroad built a line from Granger, Wyoming, to Huntington, Oregon, which passed through Nampa. More railroad lines sprang up running through Nampa, making it a very important railroad town. Alexander and Hannah Duffes established one of the town's first homesteads, eventually forming the Nampa Land and Improvement Company with the help of their friend and co-founder, James McGee. In spite of the name, many of the first settlers referred to the town as "New Jerusalem" because of the strong religious focus of its citizens. After only a year the town had grown from 15 homes to 50. As new amenities were added to the town, Nampa continued its growth and was incorporated in 1890.
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Nashville, Tennessee
Nashville is the capital of Tennessee and the county seat of Davidson County. It is located on the Cumberland River in the north-central part of the state. The city is a center for the health care, publishing, banking and transportation industries, and is home to a large number of colleges and universities. It is most notably known as a center of the music industry, earning it the nickname "Music City".
Nashville has a consolidated city–county government which includes seven smaller municipalities in a two-tier system. As of the 2010 census the population of the city of Nashville, not including the semi-independent municipalities, stood at 601,222. The population of Davidson County as a whole, including all municipalities, was 626,681. Nashville is the second largest city in Tennessee, after Memphis, and the fourth largest city in the Southeastern United States. The 2010 population of the entire 13-county Nashville metropolitan area was 1,589,934, making it the largest Metropolitan Statistical Area in the state. The 2010 population of the Nashville-Davidson–Murfreesboro–Columbia combined statistical area, a larger trade area, was 1,670,890.
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Nebraska
Nebraska (i/nəˈbræskə/) is a state on the Great Plains of the Midwestern United States. Its state capital is Lincoln and its largest city is Omaha, on the Missouri River.
The state is crossed by many historic trails, but it was the California Gold Rush that first brought large numbers here, and it became a state in 1867. Certain landmarks still compete for the notional distinction 'Where the West Begins'.
There are wide variations between winter and summer temperatures, and violent thunderstorms and tornadoes are common. The state is characterized by treeless prairie, ideal for cattle-grazing, and it is a major producer of beef, as well as pork, maize and soybeans. Nebraska is overwhelmingly rural, as the 8th least-densely populated state of the United States.
Ethnically, the largest group are German-Americans, and the state has the biggest Czech-American population per head. During the Great Migration, many African Americans came to Omaha, and they continue to campaign for improved conditions. More recently, Native American activism has increased, with a drive for self-determination in a climate of co-operation with state officials on regional issues. It is traditionally a Republican-voting state.
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Nevada
Nevada (i/nəˈvædə/ or /nəˈvɒdə/) is a state in the western, mountain west, and southwestern regions of the United States. Nevada is the 7th most extensive, the 35th most populous, and the 9th least densely populated of the 50 United States. Over two-thirds of Nevada's people live in one single county, Clark County, which contains the Las Vegas–Paradise metropolitan area, where the state's three largest incorporated cities are located. Nevada's capital is Carson City.
Nevada is largely desert and semiarid, with much of it located within the Great Basin. Areas south of the Great Basin are located within the Mojave Desert, while Lake Tahoe and the Sierra Nevada mountains lie on the western edge. Approximately 86% of the state's land is owned by the US government under various jurisdictions, both civilian and military.
The name Nevada is derived from the nearby Sierra Nevada mountains, which means "snow-capped mountain range" in Spanish. The land comprising the modern state was inhabited by Native Americans of the Paiute, Shoshone, and Washoe tribes prior to European contact. It was subsequently claimed by Spain as a part of Alta California until the Mexican War of Independence brought it under Mexican control. The United States gained the territory in 1848 following its victory in the Mexican-American War and the area was eventually incorporated as part of Utah Territory in 1850. The discovery of silver at the Comstock Lode in 1859 led to a population boom that was an impetus to the creation of Nevada Territory out of western Utah Territory in 1861. Nevada became the 36th state on October 31, 1864.
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New Hampshire
New Hampshire (i/njuːˈhæmpʃər/) is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state was named after the southern English county of Hampshire. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north. New Hampshire is the 5th least extensive and the 9th least populous of the 50 United States.
It became the first post-colonial sovereign nation in the Americas when it broke off from Great Britain in January 1776, and six months later was one of the original thirteen states that founded the United States of America. In June 1788, it became the ninth state to ratify the United States Constitution, bringing that document into effect. New Hampshire was the first U.S. state to have its own state constitution.
It is known internationally for the New Hampshire primary, the first primary in the U.S. presidential election cycle. Concord is the state capital, while Manchester is the largest city in the state. It has no general sales tax, nor is personal income (other than interest and dividends) taxed at either the state or local level.
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New Jersey
New Jersey (i/nuː ˈdʒɜrzi/) is a state in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the U.S. state of New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania, and on the southwest by Delaware. New Jersey is the 4th least extensive, but the 11th most populous and the most densely populated of the 50 United States. New Jersey lies mostly within the sprawling metropolitan areas of New York City and Philadelphia. It is also the third wealthiest by 2009–2010 median household income.
The area was inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years, with historical tribes such as the Lenape along the coast. In the early 17th century, the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements. The British later seized control of the region, naming it the Province of New Jersey. It was granted as a colony to Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton. At this time, it was named after the largest of the British Channel Islands, Jersey, Carteret's birthplace. New Jersey was the site of several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War.
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New Mexico
New Mexico (i/nuː ˈmɛksɨkoʊ/) is a state located in the southwest and western regions of the United States. New Mexico is also usually considered one of the Mountain States. New Mexico is the 5th most extensive, the 36th most populous, and the 6th least densely populated of the 50 United States.
Inhabited by Native American populations for many centuries, New Mexico has also been part of the Imperial Spanish viceroyalty of New Spain, part of Mexico, and a U.S. territory. Among U.S. states, New Mexico has the highest percentage of Hispanics, including descendants of Spanish colonists and recent immigrants from Latin America. It also has the second-highest percentage of Native Americans, after Alaska, and the fourth-highest total number of Native Americans after California, Oklahoma, and Arizona. The tribes in the state consist of mostly Navajo and Pueblo peoples. As a result, the demographics and culture of the state are unique for their strong Hispanic and Native American influences. The flag of New Mexico is represented by the red and gold colors, which represent Spain, as well as the Zia symbol, an ancient Native American symbol for the sun.
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New Plymouth, Idaho
New Plymouth is a city in Payette County, Idaho, United States. The population was 1,538 at the 2010 census, up from 1400 in 2000. It was incorporated on February 15, 1896. It is the host of the annual Payette County Fair.
New Plymouth is part of the Ontario, OR–ID Micropolitan Statistical Area.
New Plymouth was a colony town, bought and planned before it was settled. It was the combined project of a group of people purportedly dissatisfied with city life in Chicago, who in 1895 formed what they called "The Plymouth Society of Chicago" and William E. Smythe, who was the chairman of the executive committee of the National Irrigation Congress and a famous irrigation promoter. Mr. Smythe was determined to found a colony to serve as a striking argument in favor of his project - irrigation. He spoke throughout the east, urging young and old men to go west in colonies and develop the country with the help of irrigation. He wanted the first colony to be called New Plymouth — after Plymouth, Massachusetts — and wanted it located in southwestern Idaho in the Payette Valley, which he had found apt for his purpose because of the extraordinary water supply via the nearby Payette River.
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New York
New York (/njuː ˈjɔrk/; locally IPA: [nɪu ˈjɔək] or [nuː ˈjɔɹk] (
listen)) is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. New York is the 27th most extensive, the 3rd most populous, and the 7th most densely populated of the 50 United States. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east. The state has a maritime border with Rhode Island east of Long Island, as well as an international border with the Canadian provinces of Ontario to the west and north, and Quebec to the north. The state of New York is often referred to as New York State to distinguish it from New York City.
New York City, with a population of over 8.1 million, is the most populous city in the United States. Alone, it makes up over 40 percent of the population of New York state. It is known for its status as a center for finance and culture and for its status as the largest gateway for immigration to the United States. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, New York City is also a destination of choice for many foreign visitors. Both the state and city were named for the 17th century Duke of York, James Stuart, future James II and VII of England and Scotland.
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North Carolina
North Carolina (i/ˌnɔrθ kærəˈlaɪnə/) is a state in the Southeastern United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west and Virginia to the north. North Carolina is the 28th most extensive and the 10th most populous of the 50 United States.
North Carolina is comprised of 100 counties. Its capital is Raleigh, and its largest city is Charlotte. In the past five decades, North Carolina's economy has undergone a transition from heavy reliance upon tobacco and furniture making to a more diversified economy with engineering, biotechnology, and finance sectors.
North Carolina has a wide range of elevations, from sea level on the coast to 6,684 feet (2,037 m) at Mount Mitchell, the highest point in the Eastern US. The climate of the coastal plains is strongly influenced by the Atlantic Ocean. Most of the state falls in the humid subtropical climate zone. More than 300 miles (500 km) from the coast, the western, mountainous part of the state has a subtropical highland climate.
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North Dakota
North Dakota (i/ˌnɔrθ dəˈkoʊtə/) is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States, along the Canadian border. The state is bordered by Manitoba and Saskatchewan to the north, Minnesota to the east, South Dakota to the south and Montana to the west. North Dakota is the 19th most extensive, but the 3rd least populous and the 4th least densely populated of the 50 United States. North Dakota was created from the northern portion of the Dakota Territory and admitted to the Union on November 2, 1889, simultaneously with South Dakota.
The state capital is Bismarck and the largest city is Fargo. The primary public universities are located in Grand Forks and Fargo. The U.S. Air Force operates air bases at Minot AFB and Grand Forks AFB.
For more than a decade, the state has had a strong economy, with unemployment lower than the national average, job and population growth, and low housing vacancies. Much of the growth has been based on development of the Bakken oil shale fields in the western part of the state, but it has also had growth in the technology and service sectors. Flooding in June 2011 has caused extensive damage to Minot and threatened Bismarck, the capital city.
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Nyssa, Oregon
Nyssa is a city in Malheur County, Oregon, United States. The population was 3,163 at the 2000 census. The city is located along the Snake River on the Idaho border, in the region of far eastern Oregon known as the "Treasure Valley". It is part of the Ontario, OR–ID Micropolitan Statistical Area.
The primary industry in the region is agriculture, including the cultivation of Russet potatoes, sugar beets, onions, corn, flower seed, mint, and wheat. The city's economy relies on the surrounding agricultural area with its several large onion and potato packaging plants.
The area surrounding the city was originally inhabited by Native Americans. Northern Paiute and Cayuse frequented the area but had difficulty living in the relatively harsh climate. The original Fort Boise, established in the 1830s, is nearby to the southeast. The city was originally a shipping center for sheep and stock on the Union Pacific's main trunk line.
Experiments with growing sugar beets were begun in 1935 by R. H. Tallman, the Idaho district manager of the Amalgamated Sugar Company. Successful yields led to the first Amalgamated-designed and built factory, which began operation on October 9, 1938. The factory was located at 43°52′31″N 116°59′26″W / 43.875298°N 116.990629°W / 43.875298; -116.990629, on both the Union Pacific Railroad lines and along U.S. Route 20.
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Ohio
Ohio (i/oʊˈhaɪ.oʊ/) is a state in the Midwestern United States. Ohio is the 34th most extensive, the 7th most populous, and the 10th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The state's capital and largest city is Columbus.
The name "Ohio" originated from Iroquois word ohi-yo’, meaning "great river". The state, originally partitioned from the Northwest Territory, was admitted to the Union as the 17th state (and the first under the Northwest Ordinance) on March 1, 1803. Although there are conflicting narratives regarding the origin of the nickname, Ohio is historically known as the "Buckeye State" (relating to the Ohio buckeye tree) and Ohioans are also known as "Buckeyes".
The government of Ohio is composed of the executive branch, led by the Governor; the legislative branch, which comprises the Ohio General Assembly; and the judicial branch, which is led by the Supreme Court. Currently, Ohio occupies 18 seats in the United States House of Representatives. Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state and a bellwether in national elections.
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Oklahoma
Oklahoma (i/ˌoʊkləˈhoʊmə/) (Pawnee: Uukuhuúwa , Cayuga: Gahnawiyoˀgeh ) is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. Oklahoma is the 20th most extensive and the 28th most populous of the 50 United States. The state's name is derived from the Choctaw words okla and humma, meaning "red people", and it is known informally by its nickname, The Sooner State. Formed by the combination of Oklahoma Territory and Indian Territory on November 16, 1907, Oklahoma was the 46th state to enter the union. Its residents are known as Oklahomans or, informally "Okies", and its capital and largest city is Oklahoma City.
A major producer of natural gas, oil, and agriculture, Oklahoma relies on an economic base of aviation, energy, telecommunications, and biotechnology. It has one of the fastest growing economies in the nation, ranking among the top states in per capita income growth and gross domestic product growth. Oklahoma City and Tulsa serve as Oklahoma's primary economic anchors, with nearly 60 percent of Oklahomans living in their metropolitan statistical areas.
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Oklahoma City
Oklahoma City (Pawnee: Uukuhuuwasiri ) is the capital and the largest city in the US state of Oklahoma. The county seat of Oklahoma County, the city ranks 31st among United States cities in population. The city's population, from the 2010 census, was 579,999, with a metro-area population of 1,252,987 . In 2010, the Oklahoma City-Shawnee Combined Statistical Area had a population of 1,322,249 residents. Oklahoma City's city limits extend into Canadian, Cleveland, and Pottawatomie counties, though much of those areas outside of the core Oklahoma County area are suburban or rural (watershed). The city ranks as the eighth-largest city in the United States by land area (including consolidated city-counties; it is the largest city in the United States by land area whose government is not consolidated with that of a county).
Oklahoma City features one of the largest livestock markets in the world. Oil, natural gas, petroleum products and related industries are the largest sector of the local economy. The city is situated in the middle of an active oil field and oil derricks dot the capitol grounds. The federal government employs large numbers of workers at Tinker Air Force Base and the United States Department of Transportation's Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center. (These two sites house several offices of the Federal Aviation Administration and the Transportation Department's Enterprise Service Center, respectively.)
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Olympia, Washington
Olympia is the capital city of the US state of Washington and the county seat of Thurston County. It was incorporated on January 28, 1859. The population was 46,478 at the 2010 census. Olympia is a major cultural center of the Puget Sound region.
The site of Olympia was home to Lushootseed-speaking peoples for thousands of years, including Squaxin, Nisqually, Puyallup, Chehalis, Suquamish, and Duwamish. The first recorded visit by Europeans was in 1792 when Peter Puget and a crew from the British Vancouver Expedition charted the site.
In 1846, Edmund Sylvester and Levi Smith jointly claimed the land that now comprises downtown Olympia. In 1851, the U.S. Congress established the Customs District of Puget Sound for Washington Territory and Olympia became the home of the customs house. Its population being steadily expanded from Oregon Trail immigrants, in 1853 the town settled on the name Olympia, at the suggestion of local resident Colonel Isaac N. Ebey, due to its view of the Olympic Mountains to the northwest. The area began to be served by a small fleet of steamboats known as the Puget Sound Mosquito Fleet.
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Oneida County, Idaho
Oneida County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2000 Census the county had a population of 4,125 (2008 estimate: 4,130). The county seat and largest city is Malad City. The Oneida County Courthouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Most of the county's population lives in Malad City and the surrounding Malad Valley. The county is named for Oneida Lake, New York, the area from which most of the early settlers had emigrated.
Oneida County was organized on January 22, 1864, as the second county organized under Idaho Territory. Its original boundaries were set at the 113th meridian, the Snake River, the 112th Meridian north of the Snake River, the Rocky Mountains, and the southern boundary of Idaho Territory. While older and more populous settlements existed within the boundaries of the new county, the original county seat was established at Soda Springs in present-day Caribou County because those older settlements were believed to be in Utah Territory until the southern boundary of Idaho Territory was surveyed in 1870. The county seat was moved to Malad City in 1866 because of its population growth and location on the freight road and stagecoach line between Corinne, Utah, and the mines in Butte, Montana.
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Ontario, Oregon
Ontario is the largest city in Malheur County, Oregon, United States. It lies along the Snake River at the Idaho border. The population was 11,366 at the 2010 census. The city is the largest community in the region of far eastern Oregon, also known as the Western Treasure Valley.
Ontario is the principal city of the Ontario, OR-ID Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Malheur County in Oregon and Payette County in Idaho.
Ontario is approximately halfway between Portland and Salt Lake City. It is the closest city to the Idaho border along Interstate 84. The city's slogan is "Where Oregon Begins".
Ontario was founded on June 11, 1883, by developers William Morfitt, Mary Richardson, Daniel Smith, and James Virtue, in anticipation of a railroad planned to go through that part of the state. It was named after Virtue's home province of Ontario in Canada.
Ontario was incorporated by the Oregon Legislative Assembly on February 11, 1899.
On June 10, 1903, the very first automobile to travel coast to coast (Horatio Nelson Jackson's Winton Vermont) passed through Ontario on its trip from San Francisco to New York City.
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Oregon
Oregon (i/ˈɔrɨɡən/ ORR-ə-gən) is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is located on the Pacific coast, with Washington to the north, California to the south, Nevada on the southeast and Idaho to the east. The Columbia and Snake rivers delineate much of Oregon's northern and eastern boundaries, respectively. The area was inhabited by many indigenous tribes before the arrival of traders, explorers, and settlers who formed an autonomous government in Oregon Country in 1843. The Oregon Territory was created in 1848, and Oregon became the 33rd state on February 14, 1859.
Oregon is the 9th most extensive and the 27th most populous of the 50 United States. Salem is the state's capital and third-most-populous city; Portland is the most populous. Portland is the 29th-largest U.S. city, with a population of 583,776 (2010 US Census) and a metro population of 2,241,841 (2009 estimate), the 23rd-largest U.S. metro area. The valley of the Willamette River in western Oregon is the state's most densely populated area and is home to eight of the ten most populous cities.
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Owyhee County, Idaho
Owyhee County is a county located in the southwestern corner of the U.S. state of Idaho. In area it is the second largest county in Idaho, behind Idaho County. As of the 2010 Census, Owyhee County had a population of 11,526. The county seat is Murphy, and its largest city is Homedale.
Owyhee County is part of the Boise City–Nampa, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area.
On December 31, 1863, Owyhee County became the first county organized by the Idaho Territorial Legislature. While Boise, Idaho, Nez Perce and Shoshone counties were organized under the laws of Washington Territory, they were not recognized by the Idaho Territory until February 1864. The original county seat at Ruby City was moved to nearby Silver City in 1867.
Owyhee County's original boundary was the portion of Idaho Territory south of the Snake River and west of the Rocky Mountains. Less than a month after the creation of Owyhee County, Oneida County was formed in January 1864 from the eastern portion of the county. The formation of Cassia County in 1879 took further territory in the east. The county gained its present boundaries in 1930 after an election approved moving a portion of Owyhee County near Glenns Ferry and King Hill to neighboring Elmore County. In 1934 the county seat was moved from the nearly abandoned Silver City to its present location in Murphy.
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Pago Pago
Pago Pago ( /ˈpɑːŋɡoʊˈpɑːŋɡoʊ/; Samoan: [ˈpaŋo ˈpaŋo]) is the capital of American Samoa. In 2000, its population was 11,500. The city is served by Pago Pago International Airport. Tourism, entertainment, food, and tuna canning are its primary industries.
From 1878 to 1951, the area was the site of a coaling and repair station for the U.S. Navy, known then as United States Naval Station Tutuila.
In January 1942 Pago Pago Harbor was shelled by a Japanese submarine, but this remained the only battle action on the islands during World War II.[citation needed]
On September 29, 2009, an earthquake struck in the South Pacific, near Samoa and American Samoa, sending a tsunami into Pago Pago and surrounding areas. The tsunami caused moderate to severe damage to villages, buildings and vehicles and caused an unknown number of deaths.
The village is located in Pago Pago Harbor, on the island of Tutuila. Pago Pago is one of the several villages in the Urban agglomeration of Pago Pago along the shore of Pago Pago Harbor located at the very eastern part (inside) of the embayment. The area includes a number of villages, among them Fagatogo, the legislative and judicial area, and Utulei, the executive area.
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Palouse
The Palouse is a region of the northwestern United States, encompassing parts of southeastern Washington, north central Idaho and, in some definitions, extending south into northeast Oregon. It is a major agricultural area, primarily producing wheat and legumes. Situated about 160 miles (260 km) north of the Oregon Trail, the region experienced rapid growth in the late 19th century, and for a brief time surpassed the population of the Puget Sound region of Washington. The region is home to two land grant universities, the University of Idaho in Moscow and Washington State University in Pullman. Located just eight miles (13 km) apart, both schools opened in the early 1890s.
The origin of the name "Palouse" is unclear. One theory is that the name of the Palus tribe (spelled in early accounts variously Palus, Palloatpallah, Pelusha, et cetera) was converted by French-Canadian fur traders to the more familiar French word pelouse, meaning "land with short and thick grass" or "lawn." Over time, the spelling changed to Palouse. Another theory is that the name was in the first place a French word, describing the area which was then applied to the indigenous people inhabiting it.
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Parma, Idaho
Parma is a city in Canyon County, Idaho, United States. The population was 1,983 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Boise City–Nampa, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Parma is located at 43°47′10″N 116°56′34″W / 43.78611°N 116.94278°W / 43.78611; -116.94278 (43.786009, -116.942656), at an elevation of 2,231 feet (680 m) above sea level.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.9 square miles (2.3 km2), all of it land.
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,771 people, 617 households, and 454 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,919.5 people per square mile (743.2/km²). In the 2010 census there were 1,983 There were 676 housing units at an average density of 732.7 per square mile (283.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 83.91% White, 0.17% African American, 0.85% Native American, 0.96% Asian, 9.66% from other races, and 4.46% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 27.10% of the population.
There were 617 households out of which 38.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.3% were married couples living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.4% were non-families. 23.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.85 and the average family size was 3.41.
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Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania (
i/ˌpɛnsɨlˈveɪnjə/), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a US state that is located in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States, and the Great Lakes Region. The state borders Delaware to the southeast, Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, Ontario, Canada to the northwest, New York to the north, and New Jersey to the east.
Pennsylvania is the 33rd most extensive, the 6th most populous, and the 9th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The state's four most populous cities are Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown, and Erie. The state capital is Harrisburg. Pennsylvania has 51 miles (82 km) of shoreline along Lake Erie and 57 miles (92 km) of shoreline along the Delaware Estuary.
Pennsylvania is 170 miles (274 km) north to south and 283 miles (455 km) east to west. Of a total 46,055 square miles (119,282 km2), 44,817 square miles (116,075 km2) are land, 490 square miles (1,269 km2) are inland waters, and 749 square miles (1,940 km2) are waters in Lake Erie. It is the 33rd largest state in the United States. Pennsylvania has 51 miles (82 km) of coastline along Lake Erie and 57 miles (92 km) of shoreline along the Delaware Estuary.
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Phoenix, Arizona
Phoenix ( /ˈfiːnɪks/ FEE-niks; O'odham: Ski:kigk; Yavapai: Wathinka or Wakatehe; Western Apache: Fiinigis; Navajo: Hoozdoh; Mojave: Hachpa 'Anya Nyava) is the capital, and largest city, of the U.S. state of Arizona, as well as the sixth most populous city in the United States. Phoenix is home to 1,445,632 people according to the official 2010 U.S. Census Bureau data. It is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area (also known as the Valley of the Sun), and is the 12th largest metro area by population in the United States with about 4.2 million people in 2010. In addition, Phoenix is the county seat of Maricopa County, and is one of the largest cities in the United States by land area. Phoenix is the largest capital city in the United States and the only state capital with over 1,000,000 people.
Phoenix was incorporated as a city in 1881, after being founded in 1861 near the Salt River, close to the confluence with the Gila River. The city has a notable and famous political culture and has been home to numerous influential American politicians and other dignitaries, including Barry Goldwater, William Rehnquist, John McCain, Carl Hayden, and Sandra Day O'Connor. Residents of the city are known as Phoenicians.
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Pierre, South Dakota
Pierre ( /ˈpɪər/ PEER) is the capital of the U.S. state of South Dakota and the county seat of Hughes County. The population was 13,646 at the 2010 census, making it the second least populous state capital after Montpelier, Vermont. Founded in 1880 on the Missouri River opposite Fort Pierre, Pierre has been the capital since South Dakota gained statehood on November 11, 1889, having been chosen for its location in the geographic center of the state. Fort Pierre itself was named after Pierre Chouteau, Jr., an American fur trader of French Canadian origin.
Pierre is the principal city of the Pierre Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Hughes and Stanley counties.
Pierre is located at 44°22′5″N 100°20′11″W / 44.36806°N 100.33639°W / 44.36806; -100.33639 (44.367966, −100.336378).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 13.0 square miles (33.7 km²), of which 13.0 square miles (33.7 km²) is land and 0.08% is water.
Pierre lies on rough river bluffs overlooking the Missouri River. It is a few miles away from Lake Oahe, one of the largest man made lakes in the world and a very popular fishing destination.
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Pocatello, Idaho
Pocatello ( /ˌpoʊkəˈtɛloʊ/) is the county seat and largest city of Bannock County, with a small portion on the Fort Hall Indian Reservation in neighboring Power County, in the southeastern part of the US state of Idaho. It is the principal city of the Pocatello metropolitan area, which encompasses all of Bannock and Power counties. As of the 2010 census the population of Pocatello was 54,255.
Pocatello is the fifth largest city in the state, just behind Idaho Falls (population of 56,813). In 2007, Pocatello was ranked twentieth on Forbes list of Best Small Places for Business and Careers. Pocatello is the home of Idaho State University and the manufacturing facility of ON Semiconductor. The city is at an elevation of 4,462 feet (1,360 m) above sea level and is served by the Pocatello Regional Airport.
Founded as an important stop on the first railroad in Idaho during the gold rush, the city later became an important center for agriculture. It is located along the Portneuf River where it emerges from the mountains onto the Snake River Plain, along the route of the Oregon Trail. The city is named after Chief Pocatello of the Shoshoni tribe, who granted the right-of-way for the railroad across the Fort Hall Indian Reservation.
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Portland, Oregon
Portland is a city located in the U.S. state of Oregon, near the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers. As of the 2010 Census, it had a population of 583,776, making it the 29th most populous city in the United States. Portland is Oregon's most populous city, and the third most populous city in the Pacific Northwest region, after Seattle, Washington and Vancouver, British Columbia. Approximately 2,260,000 people live in the Portland metropolitan area (MSA), the 23rd most populous in the United States.
Portland was incorporated in 1851 and is the county seat of Multnomah County. The city extends west into the Cedar Mill neighborhood in Washington County and south towards Lake Oswego in Clackamas County. With a commission-based government headed by a mayor and four other commissioners, the city and region are noted for strong land-use planning and investment in light rail, supported by Metro, a distinctive regional government. Because of its public transportation networks and efficient land use planning, Portland has been referred to as one of the most environmentally friendly, or "green", cities in the world.
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Post Falls, Idaho
Post Falls is a city in Kootenai County, Idaho, United States, in the northern portion of the state, between Coeur d'Alene and Spokane, Washington. The population was 27,574 people at the 2010 census, making it Idaho's tenth largest city.
Post Falls is named for Frederick Post, a German immigrant who constructed a lumber mill along the Spokane River in 1871 on land he purchased from Andrew Seltice, Chief of the Coeur d'Alene Tribe. The purchase of the land is preserved in a pictograph on a granite cliff in Treaty Rock park.
47°42′56″N 116°56′17″W / 47.71556°N 116.93806°W / 47.71556; -116.93806 (47.715552, -116.937926).
Post Falls is located four miles (6 km) east of the Washington-Idaho border along Interstate 90 in Kootenai County. It is bounded by Coeur d’Alene to the east, the State of Washington to the west, the Spokane River to the south and the Rathdrum prairie to the north. Post Falls is 20 miles (32 km) east of Spokane and approximately 100 miles (160 km) south of the Canadian border. The elevation of the city is 2,182 feet (665 m) above sea level.
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Power County, Idaho
Power County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2010 Census the county had a population of 7,817. Power County is part of the Pocatello, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses all of Bannock and Power counties. The county seat and largest city is American Falls.
Power County was created by the Idaho Legislature on January 30, 1913, by a partition of Cassia County. It is named for an early hydroelectric power plant (1902) at the American Falls.
According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 1,442.60 square miles (3,736.3 km2), of which 1,405.57 square miles (3,640.4 km2) (or 97.43%) is land and 37.03 square miles (95.9 km2) (or 2.57%) is water.
As of the census of 2000, there were 7,538 people, 2,560 households, and 1,968 families residing in the county. The population density was 5 people per square mile (2/km²). There were 2,844 housing units at an average density of 2 per square mile (1/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 83.78% White, 0.09% Black or African American, 3.29% Native American, 0.32% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 11.10% from other races, and 1.38% from two or more races. 21.73% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 18.0% were of German, 17.6% English and 10.9% American ancestry according to Census 2000.
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Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico (/ˌpɔrtə ˈriːkoʊ/ or /ˌpwɛərtə ˈriːkoʊ/), officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (Spanish: Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, [esˈtaðo ˈlibɾe asoˈsjaðo ðe ˈpweɾto ˈriko]—literally, "Associated Free State of Puerto Rico"), is an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of both the United States Virgin Islands and the British Virgin Islands.
Puerto Rico (Spanish for "rich port") comprises an archipelago that includes the main island of Puerto Rico and a number of smaller islands, the largest of which are Vieques, Culebra, and Mona. The main island of Puerto Rico is the smallest by land area of the Greater Antilles. However, it ranks third in population amongst that group of four islands, which also include Cuba, Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti), and Jamaica. Due to its location, Puerto Rico enjoys a tropical climate and also experiences the Atlantic hurricane season.
Originally populated for centuries by indigenous aboriginal peoples known as Taínos, the island was claimed by Christopher Columbus for Spain during his second voyage to the Americas on November 19, 1493. Under Spanish rule, the island was colonized and the indigenous population was forced into slavery and nearly wiped out due to, among other things, European infectious diseases. The remaining population was emancipated by King Charles I in 1520. Spain possessed Puerto Rico for over 400 years, despite attempts at capture of the island by the French, Dutch, and British. The Spanish Crown, in an attempt to keep Puerto Rico from gaining its independence, revived the Royal Decree of Graces of 1815. The decree was printed in three languages — Spanish, English and French — and it fostered the immigration of hundreds of non-Spanish European families.
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Rexburg, Idaho
Rexburg is a city in Madison County, Idaho, United States. The population was 25,484 at the 2010 census, up from 17,257 in 2000. The city is the county seat of Madison County, and its largest city.
Rexburg is the principal city of the Rexburg, ID Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Fremont and Madison Counties.
Rexburg is located at 43°49′23″N 111°47′7″W / 43.82306°N 111.78528°W / 43.82306; -111.78528, at an elevation of 4,865 feet (1,483 m) above sea level.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.0 square miles (13 km2), of which, 4.9 square miles (13 km2) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km2) of it (1.61%) is water.
Much of Rexburg, including BYU-Idaho and the Rexburg, Idaho LDS Temple, rests on top of a shield volcano just north of Rigby, ID. Eruptions are not expected in the near future this far south; besides Yellowstone, Island Park is the most likely setting for future volcanic activity in this area. Many different types of volcanoes exist near Rexburg, including cinder cones, spatter cones, other shield volcanoes, and volcanic fissures. There are lava fields to the west and south of Rexburg, the results of open fissure eruptions from about two thousand years ago. Nearby Craters of the Moon National Monument presents the most obvious features of this recent activity. Sediment deposits enriched by volcanism make the surrounding area famous for its production of large starch-rich potatoes.
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Rhode Island
Rhode Island (i/ˌroʊd ˈaɪlɨnd/ or /rɵˈdaɪlɨnd/), officially the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, is a state in the New England region of the United States. Rhode Island is the smallest in area, the 8th least populous, but the 2nd most densely populated of the 50 United States. Rhode Island is bordered by Connecticut to the west and Massachusetts to the north and east, and it shares a water boundary with New York's Long Island to the southwest.
Rhode Island was the first of the 13 original colonies to declare independence from British rule, declaring itself independent on May 4, 1776, two months before any other state in the whole U.S. and the convention. The state was also the last to ratify the United States Constitution.
Rhode Island's official nickname is "The Ocean State", a reference to the state's geography, since Rhode Island has several large bays and inlets that amount to about 14% of its total area. Its land area is 1,045 square miles (2706 km2), but its total area is significantly larger.
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Richmond, Virginia
Richmond ( /ˈrɪtʃmənd/) is the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia, in the United States. It is an independent city and not part of any county. Richmond is the center of the Richmond Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) and the Greater Richmond area. The population within the city limits was 204,214 in 2010, with an estimated population of 1,258,251 for the Richmond Metropolitan Area — making it the third largest in Virginia.
Geographically, Richmond is located at the fall line of the James River, 108 miles (174 km) south of Washington DC, 71 miles (114 km) east of Charlottesville, and 54 miles (87 km) west of Williamsburg. Surrounded by Henrico and Chesterfield counties, the city is located at the intersections of Interstate 95 and Interstate 64, and encircled by Interstate 295 and Virginia State Route 288.
The site of Richmond, at the fall line of the James River, had been an important village of the Powhatan Confederacy, and was briefly settled by English colonists from Jamestown in 1609, and in 1610–1611. The present city of Richmond was founded in 1737. It became the capital of the Colony and Dominion of Virginia in 1780. During the Revolutionary War period, several notable events occurred in the city, including Patrick Henry's "Give me liberty or give me death" speech in 1775 at St. John's Church, and the passage of the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom written by Thomas Jefferson. During the American Civil War, Richmond served as the capital of the Confederate States of America. The city entered the 20th century with one of the world's first successful electric streetcar systems, as well as a national hub of African-American commerce and culture, the Jackson Ward neighborhood.
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Saipan
Saipan ( /saɪˈpæn/) is the largest island of the United States Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), a chain of fifteen tropical islands belonging to the Marianas archipelago in the western Pacific Ocean (15°10’51”N, 145°45’21”E) with a total area of 44.55 sq mi (115.4 km2). According to the 2010 United States Census, Saipan's population was 48,220, a drop of 22.7% from the 2000 US Census; the population decrease is largely attributed to working immigrants and their families either returning to their home countries after the collapse of the garment industry or moving to other locations with economic opportunities such as Guam and the United States.
The Commonwealth's center of government is located in the village of Capital Hill on the island. As the entire island is organized as a single municipality, most publications term "Saipan" as the Commonwealth's capital.
Located at latitude of 15.25° north and longitude of 145.75° east, about 120 mi (190 km) north of Guam, Saipan is about 12 mi (19 km) long and 5.6 mi (9.0 km) wide. It is a popular tourist destination in the Pacific.
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Salem, Oregon
Salem ( /ˈseɪləm/) is the capital of the U.S. state of Oregon, and the county seat of Marion County. It is located in the center of the Willamette Valley alongside the Willamette River, which runs north through the city. The river forms the boundary between Marion and Polk counties, and the city neighborhood of West Salem is in Polk County. Salem was founded in 1842, became the capital of the Oregon Territory in 1851, and was incorporated in 1857.
Salem had a population of 154,637 at the 2010 census, making it the third largest city in the state after Portland and Eugene. Salem is less than an hour driving distance away from Portland. Salem is the principal city of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area, a metropolitan area that covers Marion and Polk counties and had a combined population of 347,214 at the 2000 census. A 2009 estimate placed the metropolitan population at 396,103, the state's second largest.
The city is home to Willamette University and Corban University. The State of Oregon is the largest public employer in the city, and Salem Hospital is the largest private employer. Transportation includes public transit from Salem-Keizer Transit, Amtrak service, and non-commercial air travel at McNary Field. Major roads include Interstate 5, Oregon Route 99E, and Oregon Route 22 which connects West Salem across the Willamette River via the Marion Street and Center Street bridges.
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Salt Lake City
Salt Lake City, often shortened to Salt Lake or SLC, is the capital and the most populous city of the U.S. state of Utah. With a population of 186,440 as of the 2010 Census, the city lies in the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, which has a total population of 1,145,905. Salt Lake City is further situated in a larger urban area known as the Wasatch Front, which has a population of 2,328,299. It is one of only two major urban areas in the Great Basin (the other being Reno, Nevada), and the largest in the Intermountain West.
The city was founded in 1847 by Brigham Young and his Mormon followers, who extensively irrigated and cultivated the arid valley. Due to its proximity to the Great Salt Lake, the city was originally named "Great Salt Lake City"—the word "great" was dropped from the official name in 1868. Although Salt Lake City is still home to the headquarters of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), less than half the population of Salt Lake City proper are members of the LDS Church today.
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Salt Lake City, Utah
Salt Lake City, often shortened to Salt Lake or SLC, is the capital and the most populous city of the U.S. state of Utah. With a population of 186,440 as of the 2010 Census, the city lies in the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, which has a total population of 1,145,905. Salt Lake City is further situated in a larger urban area known as the Wasatch Front, which has a population of 2,328,299. It is one of only two major urban areas in the Great Basin (the other being Reno, Nevada), and the largest in the Intermountain West.
The city was founded in 1847 by Brigham Young and his Mormon followers, who extensively irrigated and cultivated the arid valley. Due to its proximity to the Great Salt Lake, the city was originally named "Great Salt Lake City"—the word "great" was dropped from the official name in 1868. Although Salt Lake City is still home to the headquarters of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), less than half the population of Salt Lake City proper are members of the LDS Church today.
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Santa Fe, New Mexico
Santa Fe (English pronunciation: /ˌsæntəˈfeɪ/; (Tewa: Ogha Po'oge, Navajo: Yootó) is the capital of the U.S. state of New Mexico. It is the fourth-largest city in the state and is the seat of Santa Fe County. Santa Fe (literally “holy faith” in Spanish) had a population of 67,947 in the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Santa Fe, New Mexico Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses all of Santa Fe County and is part of the larger Santa Fe-Española Combined Statistical Area. The city’s full name when founded was La Villa Real de la Santa Fé de San Francisco de Asís (“The Royal Town of the Holy Faith of St. Francis of Assisi”).
The city of Santa Fe was originally occupied by a number of Pueblo Indian villages with founding dates between 1050 to 1150. One of the earliest known settlements in what today is downtown Santa Fe came sometime after 900 C.E. A Native American group built a cluster of homes that centered around the site of today’s Plaza and spread for half a mile to the south and west; the village was called Ogapoge. The Santa Fe River provided water to people living there. The Santa Fe River is a seasonal waterway which was a year round stream until the 1700s. As of 2007, the river was recognized as the most endangered river in the United States, according to the conservation group American Rivers.
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South Carolina
South Carolina (i/ˌsaʊθ kærəˈlaɪnə/) is a state in the Southeastern United States. It is bordered to the north by North Carolina; to the south and west by Georgia, located across the Savannah River; and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. Originally part of the Province of Carolina, the Province of South Carolina was one of the 13 colonies that declared independence from the British Crown during the American Revolution. The colony was originally named by King Charles II of England in honor of his father Charles I (Carolus being Latin for Charles). South Carolina was the 8th state to ratify the US Constitution and become a state which it did on May 23, 1788. South Carolina later became the first state to vote to secede from the Union which it did on December 20, 1860. It was readmitted to the United States on June 25, 1868.
South Carolina is the 40th most extensive and the 24th most populous of the 50 United States. South Carolina comprises 46 counties. The capital and largest city of the state is Columbia.
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South Dakota
South Dakota (i/ˌsaʊθ dəˈkoʊtə/) is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States. It is named after the Lakota and Dakota Sioux American Indian tribes. South Dakota is the 17th most extensive, but the 5th least populous and the 5th least densely populated of the 50 United States. Once the southern portion of the Dakota Territory, South Dakota became a state on November 2, 1889. Pierre is the state capital and Sioux Falls, with a population of nearly 160,000, is South Dakota's largest city.
South Dakota is bordered by the states of North Dakota, Minnesota, Iowa, Nebraska, Wyoming, and Montana. The state is bisected by the Missouri River, dividing South Dakota into two geographically and socially distinct halves, known to residents as "East River" and "West River". Eastern South Dakota is home to most of the state's population, and fertile soil in this area is used to grow a variety of crops. West of the Missouri, ranching is the predominant agricultural activity, and the economy is more dependent on tourism and defense spending.
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Southwest Airlines
Coordinates: 32°50′48″N 96°51′40″W / 32.846666666667°N 96.861°W / 32.846666666667; -96.861 (Southwest Airlines Headquarters)
Southwest Airlines Co. (NYSE: LUV), operating as Southwest Airlines, is the largest low-cost carrier in the U.S. headquartered in Dallas, Texas. The airline was established in 1967 adopting its current name in 1971, and as of June 5, 2011 (2011 -06-05)[update] is the largest airline in the United States based upon domestic passengers carried.
Although it operated Boeing 727 aircraft for a short time during the 1970s and 1980s, between that time and 2012 the airline operated only Boeing 737 aircraft, and as of September 30, 2011 (2011 -09-30)[update] was the largest operator of the 737 worldwide with over 550 of these aircraft in service, each operating an average of six flights per day.
In May 2011 the airline acquired Orlando-based AirTran Airways, with full integration of the carriers taking place over several years, and on March 1, 2012, the company was issued a single operating certificate meaning that from a technical standpoint, Southwest and AirTran became one airline. As a result, following the merger, Southwest also began operating the Boeing 717.
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Stanley, Idaho
Stanley is a city in Custer County, Idaho, United States. The population was 63 at the 2010 census; down from 100 in 2000. The center of population of Idaho in 2000 was located in Stanley.
Fur trappers of the Hudson's Bay Company discovered the Stanley Basin in the 1820s, but it was mostly avoided due to scarcity of beaver. Captain John Stanley, a Civil War veteran, led a party of prospectors through the area in the 1863 (or 1864), but they found little gold and moved on and discovered the Atlanta lode on the south end of the Sawtooths. The site was not considered a town until 1919 when its streets and lots were surveyed and recorded.
Stanley is located at 44°13′0″N 114°56′16″W / 44.216667°N 114.93778°W / 44.216667; -114.93778 (44.216698, -114.937814), at an elevation of 6,253 feet (1,906 m) above sea level.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.6 square miles (1.6 km2), all of it land. Stanley is surrounded by the Sawtooth National Recreation Area.
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Star, Idaho
Star is a city in northwestern Ada County, Idaho, United States. The population was 5,793 at the 2010 census, up from 1,795 in 2000. It was named in the 19th century by travelers on their way to Middleton and Boise who used the star on the school house to find east and west. The name stuck and it became Star, Idaho. Today it is a growing town west of Boise and its schools are shared with Middleton School District and Meridian School District.
Star is part of the Boise City–Nampa, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Star is located at 43°41′39″N 116°29′25″W / 43.69417°N 116.49028°W / 43.69417; -116.49028 (43.694084, -116.490225), at an elevation of 2,470 feet (753 m) above sea level. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.8 square miles (15 km2) in 2010, up from 0.9 square miles (2.3 km2) in 2000.
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,795 people, 631 households, and 485 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,092.5 people per square mile (805.9/km²). There were 681 housing units at an average density of 793.9 per square mile (305.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 92.87% White, 0.28% African American, 0.95% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.89% from other races, and 4.74% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.29% of the population.
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Tallahassee, Florida
Tallahassee ( /ˌtæləˈhæsi/) is the capital of the U.S. state of Florida. It is the county seat and only incorporated municipality in Leon County, and is the 128th largest city in the United States. Tallahassee became the capital of Florida, then the Florida Territory, in 1824. In 2010, the population recorded by the U.S. Census Bureau was 181,376 , and the Tallahassee metropolitan area is 367,413.
Tallahassee is one of Florida's most prominent college cities, and is home to several colleges and universities, most notably Florida State University and Florida A&M University. Other schools in Tallahassee include Tallahassee Community College and branches of Saint Leo University, Thomas University, Keiser University, Barry University, Flagler College, and Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University.
Tallahassee is a regional center for trade and agriculture in the Florida Panhandle, and is served by Tallahassee Regional Airport. With one of the fastest growing manufacturing and high tech economies in Florida, its major private employers include a General Dynamics Land Systems manufacturing facility (military and combat applications), the Municipal Code Corporation, which specializes in the publication of municipal and county legal references; and a number of national law firms, lobbying organizations, trade associations and professional associations, including the Florida Bar and the Florida Chamber of Commerce. It is recognized as a regional center for scientific research, and is home to the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, the largest and highest-powered magnet research laboratory in the world.
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Tennessee
Tennessee (i/tɛnɨˈsiː/) (Cherokee: ᏔᎾᏏ) is a U.S. state located in the Southeastern United States. Tennessee is the 36th most extensive and the 17th most populous of the 50 United States. Tennessee is bordered by Kentucky and Virginia to the north, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi to the south, and Arkansas and Missouri to the west. The Appalachian Mountains dominate the eastern part of the state, and the Mississippi River forms the state's western border. Tennessee's capital and second largest city is Nashville, which has a population of 626,144.Memphis is the state's largest city, with a population of 670,902.
The state of Tennessee is rooted in the Watauga Association, a 1772 frontier pact generally regarded as the first constitutional government west of the Appalachians. What is now Tennessee was initially part of North Carolina, and later part of the Southwest Territory. Tennessee was admitted to the Union as the 16th state on June 1, 1796. Tennessee was the last state to leave the Union and join the Confederacy at the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War in 1861, and the first state to be readmitted to the Union at the end of the war.
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Teton County, Idaho
Teton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. Established in 1915, it was named after the Teton Mountains. As of the 2000 Census the county had a population of 5,999 (2008 estimate: 8,833). The county seat and largest city is Driggs.
Teton County is part of the Jackson, WY-ID Micropolitan Statistical Area.
According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 450.57 square miles (1,167.0 km2), of which 450.36 square miles (1,166.4 km2) (or 99.95%) is land and 0.21 square miles (0.54 km2) (or 0.05%) is water.
Teton County, Idaho is one of the few counties in the United States to border its namesake in another state — in this case, Teton County, Wyoming.
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,999 people, 2,078 households, and 1,464 families residing in the county. The population density was 13 people per square mile (5/km²). There were 2,632 housing units at an average density of 6 per square mile (2/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 91.32% White, 0.17% Black or African American, 0.55% Native American, 0.18% Asian, 0.23% Pacific Islander, 6.73% from other races, and 0.82% from two or more races. 11.75% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 25.5% were of English, 15.8% German, 7.6% American and 5.1% Irish ancestry according to Census 2000.
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Texas
Texas (i/ˈtɛksəs/) (Alibamu: Teksi ) is the second most populous and the second most extensive of the 50 United States, and the most extensive state of the 48 contiguous United States. The name, based on the Caddo word "Tejas" meaning "friends" or "allies", was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves and to the region of their settlement in East Texas. Located in the South Central United States, Texas shares an international border with the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the south, and borders the US states of New Mexico to the west, Oklahoma to the north, Arkansas to the northeast, and Louisiana to the east. Texas has an area of 268,820 square miles (696,200 km2), and a growing population of 25.7 million residents.
During the Spanish colonial rule, the area was officially known as the Nuevo Reino de Filipinas: La Provincia de Texas. Antonio Margil de Jesús was known to be the first person to use the name in a letter to the Viceroy of Mexico in July 20, 1716. The name was not popularly used in daily speech but often appeared in legal documents until the end of the 1800s.
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Topeka, Kansas
Topeka (/tɵˈpiːkə/; Kansa: Tó Pee Kuh) is the capital city of the U.S. state of Kansas and the county seat of Shawnee County. It is situated along the Kansas River in the central part of Shawnee County, located in northeast Kansas, in the Central United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 127,473. The Topeka Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Shawnee, Jackson, Jefferson, Osage, and Wabaunsee counties, had an estimated population of 230,824 in the year 2009. The city is well known for the landmark United States Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, which overturned Plessy vs. Ferguson and declared segregation in public schools on account of race to be unconstitutional. Three ships of the US Navy have been named USS Topeka in honor of the city.
Topeka means "to dig good potatoes" in the languages of the Kansa and the Ioway. The potato referred to is the prairie potato (Psoralea esculenta), a perennial herb which is an important food for many Native Americans. As a placename, Topeka was first recorded in 1826 as the Kansa name for what is now called the Kansas River. Topeka's founders chose the name in 1855 because it "was novel, of Indian origin and euphonious of sound." The mixed-blood Kansa Indian, Joseph James, called Jojim, is credited with suggesting the name of Topeka. The city, laid out in 1854, was one of the Free-State towns founded by Eastern antislavery men immediately after the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Bill. In 1857, Topeka was chartered as a city.
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Trenton, New Jersey
Trenton is the capital of the U.S. state of New Jersey and the county seat of Mercer County. As of the 2010 United States Census, Trenton had a population of 84,913, making it the state's 10th-largest municipality, having seen a decline of 490 residents (-0.6%) from its population of 85,403 in the 2000 Census, when it was the state's ninth-largest municipality. The city is part of the Delaware Valley and the Greater New York City Combined Statistical Area.
Trenton dates back at least to June 3, 1719, when mention was made of a constable being appointed for Trenton, while the area was still part of Hunterdon County. Boundaries were recorded for Trenton Township as of March 2, 1720, a courthouse and jail were constructed in Trenton around 1720 and the Freeholders of Hunterdon County met annually in Trenton. Trenton became New Jersey's capital as of November 25, 1790, and the City of Trenton was formed within Trenton Township on November 13, 1792. Trenton Township was incorporated as one of New Jersey's initial group of 104 townships by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 21, 1798. Portions of the township were taken on February 22, 1834, to form Ewing Township.
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Twin Falls, Idaho
Twin Falls is the county seat and largest city of Twin Falls County, Idaho, United States. The city had a population of 44,125 as of the 2010 census.
Twin Falls is the largest city of Idaho's Magic Valley region. As the largest city in a 100-mile (166-kilometer) radius, Twin Falls serves as a regional commercial center for both south-central Idaho and northeastern Nevada.
Twin Falls is the principal city of the Twin Falls, ID Micropolitan Statistical Area, which officially includes Jerome and Twin Falls Counties. The resort community of Jackpot, Nevada, in Elko County is unofficially considered part of the greater Twin Falls area.
Excavations at Wilson Butte Cave near Twin Falls in 1959 revealed evidence of human activity, including arrowheads, that rank among the oldest dated artifacts in North America. Later native American tribes predominant in the area included the Northern Shoshone and Bannock.
The first people of European ancestry to visit the Twin Falls area are believed to be members of a group led by Wilson Price Hunt, which attempted to blaze an all-water trail westward from St. Louis, Missouri, to Astoria, Oregon, in 1811 and 1812. Hunt's expedition met with disaster when much of his expedition was destroyed and one man was killed in rapids on the Snake River known as Caldron Linn near present-day Murtaugh. Hunt and the surviving members of his expedition completed the journey to Astoria by land.
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Utah
Utah (/ˈjuːtɔː/ ori/ˈjuːtɑː/) (Arapaho: Wo'tééneihí' ) is a state in the Western United States. It became the 45th state admitted to the Union on January 4, 1896. Utah is the 13th-most extensive, the 34th-most populous, and the 10th-least-densely populated of the 50 United States. Approximately 80% of Utah's 2,817,222 people live along the Wasatch Front, centering on Salt Lake City. This leaves vast expanses of the state nearly uninhabited, making the population the sixth most urbanized in the U.S. The name "Utah" is derived from the name of the Ute tribe and means "people of the mountains" in the Ute language. Utah is bordered by Arizona on the south, Colorado on the east, Wyoming on the northeast, Idaho on the north and Nevada on the west. It also touches a corner of New Mexico.
Utah is the most religiously homogeneous state in the Union. It is home to the Salt Lake Temple, and approximately 60% of Utahns are reported to be members of LDS Church which greatly influences Utah culture and daily life.
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Vale, Oregon
Vale is a city in Malheur County, Oregon, United States, about 12 miles (19 km) west of the Idaho border. It is at the intersection of U.S. Routes 20 and 26, on the Malheur River.
Vale was selected as Malheur's county seat in 1955, 68 years after the county was founded. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 1,874, down from 1,976 in 2000. Vale is part of the Ontario, OR–ID Micropolitan Statistical Area.
The community was the first stop in Oregon along the Oregon Trail. A post office with the name of Vale was established in February 1883, and the community was incorporated by the Oregon Legislative Assembly on February 21, 1889. Originally incorporated as the Town of Vale, it became the City of Vale in 1905.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.1 square miles (2.8 km2), all land, at an elevation of 2,343 feet (714 m) above sea level.
As of the census of 2000, there are 1,976 people in the city, organized into 658 households, and 488 families. The population density is 1,824.9 people per square mile (706.4/km²). There are 724 housing units at an average density of 668.7 per square mile (258.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city is 82.49% White, 1.37% Native American, 0.76% Asian, 0.15% African American, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 11.99% from other races, and 3.14% from two or more races. 24.85% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.
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Valley County, Idaho
Valley County is a rural county located in west central Idaho in the United States. Established in 1917, it was named after the Long Valley of the North Fork of the Payette River, which extends over 30 miles from Payette Lake at McCall south to Cascade to Round Valley.
The valley was formerly a summer pasture for livestock from the Boise Valley. Since the completion of the Cascade Dam in 1948, much of the northern valley has been covered by the Cascade Reservoir. The population was 9,862 at the 2010 census. The county seat is Cascade, and the largest city is McCall.
Valley County is home to the Idaho ground squirrel.
According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 3,733.66 square miles (9,670.1 km2), of which 3,677.82 square miles (9,525.5 km2) (or 98.50%) is land and 55.84 square miles (144.6 km2) (or 1.50%) is water.
The county's primary highway is the north-south State Highway 55, the Payette River Scenic Byway, a designated national scenic byway. It heads north from Eagle in Ada County to Horseshoe Bend in Boise County, and climbs the whitewater of the Payette River to Cascade and McCall. The route turns west at Payette Lake in McCall and ends at New Meadows in Adams County, at the junction with US-95.
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Vermont
Vermonti/vɜrˈmɒnt/ is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. Vermont is the 6th least extensive and the 2nd least populous of the 50 United States. It is the only New England state not bordering the Atlantic Ocean. Lake Champlain forms half of Vermont's western border, which it shares with the state of New York. The Green Mountains are within the state. Vermont is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, New York to the west, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north.
Originally inhabited by two major Native American tribes (the Algonquian-speaking Abenaki and the Iroquois), much of the territory that is now Vermont was claimed by France during its early colonial period. France ceded the territory to the Kingdom of Great Britain after being defeated in 1763 in the Seven Years' War (also called the French and Indian War). For many years, the nearby colonies, especially New Hampshire and New York, disputed control of the area (then called the New Hampshire Grants). Settlers who held land titles granted by these colonies were opposed by the Green Mountain Boys militia, which eventually prevailed in creating an independent state, the Vermont Republic. Founded in 1777 during the Revolutionary War, the republic lasted for fourteen years. Vermont is one of seventeen U.S. states (along with Texas, Hawaii, the brief California Republic, and each of the original Thirteen Colonies) to have had a sovereign government in the past. In 1791, Vermont joined the United States as the 14th state, the first outside the original 13 Colonies. It abolished slavery while still independent, and upon joining the Union became the first state to have done so.
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Virginia
Virginia (i/vərˈdʒɪnjə/), officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a U.S. state located in the South Atlantic region of the United States. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" and sometimes the "Mother of Presidents" after the eight U.S. presidents born there. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are shaped by the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Chesapeake Bay, which provide habitat for much of its flora and fauna. The capital of the Commonwealth is Richmond; Virginia Beach is the most populous city and Fairfax County the most populous political subdivision. The Commonwealth's population is over eight million.
The area's history begins with several indigenous groups, including the Powhatan. In 1607 the London Company established the Colony of Virginia as the first permanent New World English colony. Slave labor and the land acquired from displaced Native American tribes each played a significant role in the colony's early politics and plantation economy. Virginia was one of the 13 Colonies in the American Revolution and joined the Confederacy in the American Civil War, during which Richmond was made the Confederate capital and Virginia's northwestern counties separated to form the state of West Virginia. Although the Commonwealth was under conservative single-party rule for nearly a century following Reconstruction, both major national parties are competitive in modern Virginia.
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Wasatch Range
The Wasatch Range ( /ˈwɑːsætʃ/) is a mountain range that stretches approximately 160 miles (260 km) from the Utah-Idaho border, south through central Utah in the western United States. It is generally considered the western edge of the greater Rocky Mountains, and the eastern edge of the Great Basin region. The northern extension of the Wasatch Range, the Bear River Mountains, extends just into Idaho, constituting all of the Wasatch Range in that state.
According to the Utah History Encyclopedia, Wasatch in Ute means "mountain pass" or "low pass over high range."
Since the earliest days of settlement, the majority of Utah's population has chosen to settle along the range's western front, where numerous river drainages exit the mountains. The mountains were a vital source of water, timber, and granite for early settlers. Today, 85% of Utah's population lives within 15 miles (24 km) of the Wasatch Range, mainly in the valleys just to the west. This concentration is known as the Wasatch Front and has a population of just over 2,000,000 residents. Salt Lake City lies between the Wasatch Range and the Great Salt Lake.
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Washington (state)
Washington (i/ˈwɒʃɪŋtən/) is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States located north of Oregon, west of Idaho and south of the Canadian province of British Columbia, on the coast of the Pacific Ocean. Washington was carved out of the western part of Washington Territory which had been ceded by Britain in 1846 by the Oregon Treaty as settlement of the Oregon Boundary Dispute. It was admitted to the Union as the 42nd state in 1889.
Washington is the 18th most extensive and the 13th most populous of the 50 United States. Approximately 60 percent of Washington's residents live in the Seattle metropolitan area, the center of transportation, business, and industry along the Puget Sound region of the Salish Sea, an inlet of the Pacific consisting of numerous islands, deep fjords, and bays carved out by glaciers. The remainder of the state consists of deep rainforests in the west, mountain ranges in the west, center, northeast and far southeast, and a semi-arid eastern basin given over to intensive agriculture. Washington is the second most populous state on the west coast and in the western United States after California.
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Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States. On July 16, 1790, the United States Congress approved the creation of a federal district to become the national capital as permitted by the U.S. Constitution. The District is therefore not a part of any U.S. state. It was formed from land along the Potomac River donated by the states of Maryland and Virginia; however, the Virginia portion was returned by Congress in 1846.
A new capital city named after George Washington was founded in 1791 to the east of the preexisting port of Georgetown. Congress consolidated the City of Washington, Georgetown, and the remaining unincorporated area within the District under a single municipal government in 1871. The city shares its name with the U.S. state of Washington, located on the country's Pacific coast.
Washington, D.C., had an estimated population of 617,996 in 2011. The city was the 24th most populous place in the United States as of 2010. Commuters from the surrounding Maryland and Virginia suburbs raise the city's population to over one million during the workweek. The Washington Metropolitan Area, of which the District is a part, has a population of nearly 5.6 million, the seventh-largest metropolitan area in the country.
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Weiser, Idaho
Weiser is a city in the rural western part of the U.S. state of Idaho and the county seat of Washington County. With its mild climate, the city supports farm, orchard, and livestock endeavors in the vicinity. The city sits at the confluence of the Weiser River with the great Snake River, which marks the border with Oregon. The population was 5,507 at the 2010 census. Locals pronounce the city's name as "Wee-zer."
The city was named after the nearby Weiser River, but exactly who that was named for is not precisely known. In one version it is for Peter M. Weiser, a soldier and member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition of 1804-1806. Another has it for Jacob Weiser, a trapper-turned-miner who struck it rich in Baboon Gulch in the Florence Basin of Idaho in 1861. William Logan and his wife settled in the vicinity of Weiser in 1863 building a roadhouse in anticipation of the opening of Olds Ferry west of them on the Snake River across from Farewell Bend. In 1863, Reuben Olds acquired a franchise from the Territorial Legislature and began operating Olds Ferry. Olds ferry business did well (as did Logan's) as it diverted much of the traffic from the old Snake River crossing point at Old Fort Boise. Increasing settlement on the Weiser River valley increased Weiser’s population. A post office was established in 1866 as Weiser Ranch. In 1871, it was renamed Weiser.
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West Virginia
West Virginia (i/ˌwɛst vərˈdʒɪnjə/) is a state in the Appalachian region of the Eastern United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Ohio to the northwest, Pennsylvania to the northeast and Maryland to the east. West Virginia is the 41st most extensive and the 37th most populous of the 50 United States. The capital and largest city is Charleston.
West Virginia became a state following the Wheeling Conventions and broke away from Virginia during the American Civil War. The new state was admitted to the Union on June 20, 1863, and was a key Civil War border state. West Virginia was the only state to form by seceding from a Confederate state, and was one of two states formed during the American Civil War (the other one being Nevada, which separated from Utah Territory).
The Census Bureau and the Association of American Geographers classify West Virginia as part of the South. The northern panhandle extends adjacent to Pennsylvania and Ohio, with the West Virginia cities of Wheeling and Weirton just across the border from the Pittsburgh metropolitan area, while Bluefield is less than 70 miles (110 km) from North Carolina. Huntington in the southwest is close to the states of Ohio and Kentucky, while Martinsburg and Harpers Ferry in the Eastern Panhandle region are considered to be a part of the Washington metropolitan area, in between the states of Maryland and Virginia. The unique position of West Virginia means that it is often included in several geographical regions, including the Mid-Atlantic, the Upland South, and the Southeastern United States. Notably, it is the only state that is entirely within the area served by the Appalachian Regional Commission; the area is commonly defined as "Appalachia".
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Wisconsin
Wisconsin (i/wɨsˈkɒnsɨn/) is a US state located in the north-central United States and is part of the Midwest and Great Lakes regions. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michigan to the northeast, and Lake Superior to the north. Wisconsin is the 23rd most extensive and the 20th most populous of the 50 United States. Wisconsin's capital is Madison, and its largest city is Milwaukee. The state is divided into 72 counties.
The word Wisconsin originates from the name given to the Wisconsin River by one of the Algonquian speaking American Indian groups living in the region at the time of European contact. French explorer Jacques Marquette was the first European to reach the Wisconsin River and record its name, arriving in 1673 and calling the river Meskousing in his journal. This spelling was later corrupted to Ouisconsin by other French explorers, and over time this version became the French name for both the Wisconsin River and the surrounding lands. English speakers anglicized the spelling to its modern form when they began to arrive in greater numbers during the early 19th century. The current spelling was made official by the legislature of Wisconsin Territory in 1845.
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Wyoming
Wyoming (i/waɪˈoʊmɪŋ/) is a state in the mountain region of the Western United States. Wyoming is the 10th most extensive, but the least populous and the 2nd least densely populated of the 50 States. The western two thirds of the state is covered mostly with the mountain ranges and rangelands in the foothills of the Eastern Rocky Mountains, while the eastern third of the state is high elevation prairie known as the High Plains. Cheyenne is the capital and the most populous city of Wyoming with a population of nearly 60,000 people within its city proper.
As specified in the designating legislation for the Territory of Wyoming, Wyoming's borders are lines of latitude, 41°N and 45°N, and longitude, 104°3'W and 111°3'W (27° W and 34° W of the Washington Meridian), making the shape of the state a latitude-longitude quadrangle. Wyoming is one of only three states (along with Colorado and Utah) to have borders along only straight latitudinal and longitudinal lines, rather than being defined by natural landmarks. Due to surveying inaccuracies during the 19th century, Wyoming's legal border deviates from the true latitude and longitude lines by up to half of a mile (.8 km) in some spots, especially in the mountainous region along the 45th parallel. Wyoming is bordered on the north by Montana, on the east by South Dakota and Nebraska, on the south by Colorado, on the southwest by Utah, and on the west by Idaho. It is the ninth largest state in the United States in total area, containing 97,818 square miles (253,350 km2) and is made up of 23 counties. From the north border to the south border it is 276 miles (444 km); and from the east to the west border is 365 miles (587 km) at its south end and 342 miles (550 km) at the north end.
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Alfred B. Mullett
Alfred Bult Mullett (April 7, 1834 – October 20, 1890) was an American architect who served from 1866 to 1874 as Supervising Architect, head of the agency of the United States Treasury Department that designed federal government buildings. His work followed trends in Victorian style, evolving from the Greek Revival to Second Empire to Richardsonian Romanesque.
Mullett was born at Taunton in Somerset, England. When he was eight years old, his family emigrated to Glendale, Ohio, where in 1843 his father bought an 80-acre (32 hectares) farm. He matriculated at Farmers' College in College Hill, Cincinnati, studied mathematics and mechanical drawing, but left as a sophomore in 1854. He trained in the Cincinnati office of architect Isaiah Rogers and became a partner, until he left on less than friendly terms in 1860, to establish his own practice. His first known individual design is the Church of the New Jerusalem, a board-and-batten Gothic Revival church built at Glendale in 1861.
After serving with the Union army, Mullett in 1863 relocated to Washington to again work under Rogers, since 1862 the de facto Supervising Architect at the Treasury Department. But he undermined his superior's position until an exasperated Rogers resigned in 1865, the year Mullet married Pacific Pearl Myrick. Although widely dismissed as "an obscure draftsman" from Cincinnati, he used political skill to get appointed Supervising Architect in 1866, and so designed fireproof federal buildings across the nation, particularly custom houses, post offices and courthouses. Responsible for contracting local architects and/or construction companies to deal with subcontractors, source materials and other matters, he gained a reputation as a micromanaging authoritarian with an explosive temper.
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Basque people
The Basques (Basque: euskaldunak, Spanish: vascos, French: basques) as an ethnic group, primarily inhabit an area traditionally known as the Basque Country (Basque: Euskal Herria), a region that is located around the western end of the Pyrenees on the coast of the Bay of Biscay and straddles parts of north-central Spain and south-western France.
The Basques are known in the local languages as:
The English word Basque comes from French Basque (pronounced /bask/), which itself comes from Gascon Basco (pronounced /ˈbasku/) and Spanish Vasco[citation needed] (pronounced /ˈbasko/). These, in turn, come from Latin Vasco (pronounced /wasko/), plural Vascones (see History section below). The Latin labial-velar approximant /w/ generally evolved into the bilabials /b/ and /β̞/ in Gascon and Spanish, probably under the influence of Basque and Aquitanian, a language related to old Basque and spoken in Gascony in Antiquity (similarly the Latin /w/ evolved into /v/ in French, Italian and other languages).
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Benjamin Bonneville
Benjamin Louis Eulalie de Bonneville (April 14, 1796 – June 12, 1878) was a French-born officer in the United States Army, fur trapper, and explorer in the American West. He is noted for his expeditions to the Oregon Country and the Great Basin, and in particular for blazing portions of the Oregon Trail.
During his lifetime, Bonneville was made famous by an account of his explorations in the west written by Washington Irving.
Benjamin was born in or near Paris, France, the son of the French publisher Nicolas Bonneville and his wife Marguerite Brazier. When he was seven, his family moved to the United States in 1803; their passage was paid by Thomas Paine. He had lodged with the Bonnevilles in France and was godfather to Benjamin and his two brothers, Louis and Thomas. In his will, Paine left the bulk of his estate to Marguerite Bonneville, who had cared for him until he died in 1809. The inheritance included one hundred acres (40.5 ha) of his farm so she could maintain and educate her sons.
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Bill Buckner
William Joseph "Bill" Buckner (born December 14, 1949) is a former Major League Baseball first baseman. Despite winning a batting crown in 1980, representing the Chicago Cubs at the All-Star Game the following season and accumulating over 2,700 hits in his twenty-year career, he is best remembered for a fielding error during Game 6 of the 1986 World Series against the New York Mets, a play that has since been prominently entrenched into American sports lore.
Bill Buckner was born in Vallejo, California and grew up in American Canyon, California. Buckner graduated from Napa High School in 1968 after playing on the school's baseball and football teams. While playing football, he was a two-time All-State wide receiver Coaches and also achieved All-America honors twice. Buckner was selected by the Los Angeles Dodgers in the second round of the 1968 Major League Baseball Draft. His friend, Bobby Valentine, was the Dodgers' first round pick. Upon signing with the Dodgers, Buckner was assigned to the Ogden Dodgers of the Pioneer Baseball League, where he played for manager Tommy Lasorda. He also briefly attended the University of Southern California and Arizona State University and became a member of the Sigma Chi Fraternity while a farmhand with the Dodgers.
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Bonnie McCarroll
Bonnie McCarroll, born Mary Ellen "Dot" Treadwell (1897-September 29, 1929), was a champion rodeo performer and bronc rider most remembered for her tragic death at the Pendleton Round-up in Pendleton, Oregon. She also excelled in steer riding, bulldogging, and automobile jumping. In her riding career, McCarroll competed with such other female performers as Tad Lucas, Mabel Strickland, Fox Hastings, Dorothy Morrell (Robbins) and Florence Hughes.
McCarroll was born on a cattle ranch at High Valley, near Boise, Idaho. In 1922, she won two cowgirl bronc riding championships at both Cheyenne Frontier Days in Cheyenne, Wyoming, and the first rodeo hosted at Madison Square Garden in New York City. In 1915, her first year of rodeo competition, McCarroll attracted national attention from a photograph taken of her being thrown from the horse named "Silver" at the Pendleton Round-Up. In her career, she performed before kings, queens, such dignitaries as U.S. President Calvin Coolidge, while he was vacationing in the Black Hills of South Dakota in 1927, and before countless rodeo fans worldwide. After her death, rodeo officials instituted safety regulations and eliminated bronc riding as a women's sport.
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Brett Nelson
Brett Nelson (born 1969) is an American multi-instrumentalist, singer and songwriter best known as the bassist for the indie rock band Built to Spill.
In high school, Nelson played in a band called Farm Days along with Doug Martsch and Andy Capps. Nelson's next band, Butterfly Train, released two albums on Up Records, in 1994 and 1996, before breaking up. (Capps was drummer for the latter album.)
In 1994, Nelson and Capps joined Martsch's Built to Spill. Nelson has appeared on every album except the debut, Ultimate Alternative Wavers.
Nelson sings and plays guitar and keyboards for The Suffocation Keep, which released its debut album John Hughes Was Never So Wrong in 2002. The band completed a second album in 2004,A Few Minor Modifications of the Stars. The album was never released; however, the band did make it available for free download.
Nelson currently lives in Boise, Idaho. He sometimes calls himself "Brett Not Netson" or "breLson" to distinguish himself from Built to Spill bandmate Brett Netson. In November 2009, Nelson re-recorded seven Built To Spill songs "synthesizer/drum machine only" with bandmate Doug Martsch re-singing the songs and released it as an E.P. titled The Electronic Anthology Project in July 2010.
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Brian Scott
Brian Joseph Scott (born January 12, 1988 in Boise, Idaho) is an American race car driver. He currently drives the #11 Dollar General Toyota Camry for Joe Gibbs Racing in the NASCAR Nationwide Series, and the No. 18 Shore Lodge Toyota Tundra for Kyle Busch Motorsports on a limited schedule in the Camping World Truck Series.
An avid outdoorsman, Scott enjoys hunting, fishing and skiing when he is away from the track. He has been known to take some of those sports to the “extreme” level to include helicopter skiing. Although a born athlete, Scott also graduated from high school as an honor student with a 4.0 GPA.
Scott has been racing competitively since the age of 12. One of his early career highlights came at the 360 Nationals at Skagit Speedway in Alger, Washington, when he competed against an elite field of dirt racers and brought home an impressive second place finish. It was a moment that affirmed his and his family’s belief that Scott had the talent to compete at the highest levels of racing.
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Cecil Andrus
Cecil Dale Andrus (born August 25, 1931) was an American politician who served as Governor of Idaho from 1971 to 1977, and again from 1987 to 1995; and in Washington as United States Secretary of the Interior from 1977 to 1981, during the Carter administration. Andrus lost his first gubernatorial election in 1966, but won four (1970, 1974, 1986, 1990), and served more years as Governor of Idaho than anyone else in the state's history. In public life he was noted for his conservationist and environmental views and accomplishments.
Born in Hood River, Oregon, Andrus attended Oregon State University in 1952 and served in the United States Naval Reserves from 1951 to 1955. After being discharged from the Navy, Andrus moved to Orofino, Idaho, where he worked in the timber industry.
In 1960, at age 28, and concerned over the local Republican state senator's stance against needed education improvements in Idaho schools, particularly in rural areas of the state, Andrus filed as a Democrat to run against him for the Idaho Senate and won, becoming the youngest member ever elected up to that time to the Idaho Legislature. He was reelected in 1962 and 1964.
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Curtis Stigers
Curtis Stigers (born October 18, 1965) is an American jazz vocalist, saxophonist, guitarist, and songwriter. He achieved a number of hits in the early 1990s, most notably "I Wonder Why", which reached #5 in the UK and #9 in the US in 1991.
Stigers was born in Boise, Idaho, and started his music career as a teenager, playing in jazz, rock and blues groups, as well as receiving formal training in clarinet and saxophone at high school in Boise. He acquired much of his inspiration and encouragement for pursuing jazz from jam sessions led by Gene Harris at the Idanha Hotel. His song "Swingin' Down at Tenth and Main" is a tribute to those times with Harris. After graduation, he moved to New York to pursue rock music but soon found himself playing and singing in a jazz trio. He was signed to a recording contract by Arista Records and released two albums for the label: a self-titled, multi-platinum debut in 1991, and Time Was in 1995. His smooth, blend of soul and rock translated into commercial appeal, ensuring his continued popularity. In addition, Stigers moonlighted as a jazz vocalist, performing and recording with artists such as Gene Harris, Elton John, Eric Clapton, Prince, Bonnie Raitt, Rod Stewart, The Allman Brothers Band and Joe Cocker. He sang a duet with Julia Fordham on her re-recording of Where Does The Time Go?
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David H. Bieter
David H. Bieter (born November 1, 1959) has served as mayor of Boise, Idaho since 2004.
Bieter was born in Boise and graduated from Bishop Kelly High School in 1978. Bieter earned a bachelor's degree in international studies from University of St. Thomas in Minnesota and a law degree from the University of Idaho.
A Democrat, in 1999 Bieter was appointed to the Idaho House of Representatives to succeed his late father, Pat Bieter, in District 19 (north Boise). Bieter was elected to a full term in 2000 and reelected in 2002.
In 2003 Bieter was elected Boise mayor in a nonpartisan contest, defeating Republican Party activist Chuck Winder and Ada County Sheriff Vaughn Killeen. He was reelected in 2007 with 64 percent of the vote, defeating city councilman Jim Tibbs.
Bieter was an early supporter of Barack Obama in the 2008 U.S. presidential election. It had been speculated Bieter might emerge as a Democratic candidate for Governor of Idaho in 2010, however he declined to file as a candidate.
Bieter easily won a third four-year term as mayor in November 2011, defeating David B. Hall with 74 percent of the vote. He is the first Boise mayor to win a third four-year term since Richard Eardley in 1981.
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Dirk Kempthorne
Dirk Arthur Kempthorne (born October 29, 1951), was the U.S. Secretary of the Interior, who served under President George W. Bush from 2006 to 2009. A Republican, Kempthorne previously served as the 30th Governor and as a U.S. Senator from Idaho.
Kempthorne was first elected to public office as mayor of Boise in 1985, where he served for seven years. According to The New York Times, over the course of his career in public service, Kempthorne established a reputation as "a personable leader with a strong understanding of issues."
Kempthorne is known for his conservative views, particularly on economic issues.
Kempthorne serves as a co-chair of the Democracy Project at the Bipartisan Policy Center.
Kempthorne was raised in San Bernardino, California. Kempthorne attended and graduated from San Gorgonio High School in San Bernardino. He attended San Bernardino Valley College, then transferred to the University of Idaho, where he graduated in 1975 with a degree in political science, and served a term as student body president. Upon graduation Kempthorne served as an assistant to the director of the Idaho Department of Lands and then as executive vice president of the Idaho Home Builders Association.
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Doug Martsch
Doug Martsch (born 1969) is an American musician. A native of Boise, Idaho, Martsch is best known for his distinctive vocals and guitar style in the band Built to Spill. He has also worked with Calvin Johnson of Beat Happening in The Halo Benders. Martsch's first band was Farm Days, with Andy Capps and Brett Nelson in the early 80's. His second band was Treepeople, with whom he released three albums and two EPs. Martsch has been the lead of Built to Spill since 1992.
With Built to Spill, Martsch developed a reputation as a preeminent indie rock guitarist. Martsch's guitar style blends rock, pop, blues and folk. His influences include J Mascis, Jimi Hendrix, Led Zeppelin, Caustic Resin, Mississippi Fred McDowell, David Bowie, and Neil Young.
In 2002, he released his first solo album, Now You Know, to critical acclaim.
Martsch is a vegetarian. He is married to Karena Youtz, the sister of former Built to Spill member Ralf Youtz.
In 2011, Martsch contributed to a tribute album to The Smiths entitled "Please, please, please... " with a cover of Reel Around The Fountain.
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Eilen Jewell
Eilen Jewell (born April 6, 1979) is an American singer-songwriter.
Jewell grew up in Boise, Idaho and attended college in Santa Fe, New Mexico.
Jewell began her musical career when she began busking on the streets of Sante Fe while attending college. She then moved to Los Angeles and performed on the streets of Venice Beach.
Jewell moved to Massachusetts and began performing at local clubs such as Club Passim, Plough & Stars and Johnny D’s. From 2005 to 2007, Jewell played regularly at the Tír na nÓg pub in Somerville, Massachusetts.[citation needed]
In December 2005, Jewell recorded a "live demo" album called Nowhere in Time and later recorded the album Boundary Country with Jason Beek on percussion, Daniel Kellar on violin, Jerry Glenn Miller on guitars and Johnny Sciascia on upright bass.
Her album Letters From Sinners & Strangers, was recorded at the Signature Sounds studio in Pomfret, Connecticut.
In 2008 Jewell released an album of gospel music with "The Sacred Shakers", consisting of musicians Jason Beek, Greg Glassman, Eric Royer, Jerry Miller, Johnny Sciascia, Daniel Kellar and Daniel Fram.[citation needed]
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Frank Church
Frank Forrester Church III (July 25, 1924 – April 7, 1984) was an American lawyer and politician. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as a United States Senator from Idaho from 1957 to 1981.
Church was an unsuccessful candidate for the Democratic nomination in the 1976 presidential election, losing to Jimmy Carter. He is known for heading the Church Committee, which investigated abuses in the U.S. intelligence agencies.
Frank Church was raised in Boise, Idaho. In his youth, Church admired William E. Borah, who then represented Idaho in the United States Senate. Church graduated from Boise High School in 1942, where he served as student body president. As a junior in 1941, he won the American Legion National Oratorical Contest. The prize was sufficient to provide for four years at the college of the winner's choice. Church chose Stanford University, enrolling in 1942.
In 1943, Church enlisted in the U.S. Army and served as a military intelligence officer[citation needed] in the China-Burma-India theater. Following his discharge in 1946, he returned to Stanford to complete his education, receiving his bachelor's degree in 1947.
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Frank Shrontz
Frank Anderson Shrontz (born December 14, 1931 in Boise, Idaho) is a former CEO and chairman of the Boeing Company.
The son of a sporting goods merchant, Shrontz graduated from Boise High School in 1949 and the University of Idaho in 1954 with a Bachelor of Laws degree, where he was a member of the Beta Theta Pi fraternity. Following a commission and service in the U.S. Army from 1954-56, he attended the Harvard Business School where he received an MBA in 1958 and then joined Boeing.
Beginning in 1973, he served in the Nixon & Ford administrations at the Department of Defense, and returned to Boeing in January 1977 as a vice president. He served as CEO from 1986-96, and stepped down as chairman in 1997.
While serving on the board of directors for Chevron, a new double-hulled supertanker was named in his honor in November 1998.
The South Korean-built ship was renamed the "Antares Voyager" in 2003.
Shrontz was inducted into the Junior Achievement U.S. Business Hall of Fame in 2004.
Shrontz is part of the Seattle Mariners ownership group and is a member on the team's board of directors.
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French Canadian
French Canadian or Francophone Canadian (also Canadien in Canadian English or in French) generally refers to the descendents of French colonists who arrived in New France (Canada) in the 17th and 18th centuries. Today, French Canadians constitute the main French-speaking population of Canada.
During the mid-18th century, Canadian colonists born in French Canada expanded across North America and colonized various regions, cities, and towns. Today, the majority of French Canadians live across North America, including the United States and Canada. The province of Quebec has the largest population of French Canadian descent, although smaller communities of French Canadians exist throughout Canada and in the American region of New England, where between 1840 and 1930, roughly 900,000 French Canadians emigrated to the United States and New England, in particular.
Other terms for French Canadians that continue to reside in the province of Quebec, are Quebeckers or Québécois. French Canadians constitute the second largest ethnic group in Canada, after English Canadians and before Scottish Canadians and Irish Canadians.
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Heather Cox
Heather Cox is an American Sportscaster who is a sideline reporter for WNBA, NBA, college basketball and college football games on ESPN, ESPN2 and ABC Sports. She was born on March 14, 1915. As Heather Schoeny, she played college volleyball at University of the Pacific. Cox also served as a reporter for NBC Sports coverage of Beach Volleyball at the 2008 Summer Olympics.
Heather Cox returned to NBC Sports for her second Olympic assignment as beach volleyball reporter. She made her NBC debut reporting from both the volleyball and beach volleyball competitions at the 2004 Athens Games. From 2003 until its end, Cox served as a reporter on NBC's AVP pro beach volleyball coverage.
Since 1995, Cox has served as a reporter for ABC Sports and ESPN's coverage of the NBA for ESPN, NBA for ABC, college football for ABC, college football for ESPN, NCAA basketball for ESPN, NCAA basketball for ABC, the WNBA and professional volleyball. Since 1994, she has also served as the analyst for ESPN's coverage of the men's and women's NCAA Volleyball Championships and women's NCAA basketball. Cox has also worked for CBS Sports, reporting on the Men's NCAA Basketball tournament, Motor cross and auto racing and as an analyst on its women's college basketball coverage. From 2002, she reported on the NBA Playoffs and also served as an analyst and reporter for the 1998 and 2001 Goodwill Games for Turner Sports. She served as analyst for Oxygen Media Network's coverage of WNBA. She also served as a Reporter for an Olympic qualifying volleyball on the Oxygen Media Network.
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Howard W. Hunter
Howard William Hunter (November 14, 1907 – March 3, 1995) was the fourteenth president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1994 to 1995. His nine month presidential tenure is the shortest in the history of the Church. Hunter was the first president of the LDS Church born in the 20th century.
He was sustained as an apostle at the age of 51, and served a little over 35 years as a general authority for the church.
Hunter was born in Boise, Idaho. His father was not a Latter-day Saint (he joined the church in 1927) and would not let him be baptized until he was 12; Hunter was not ordained to the Aaronic priesthood until he was 15. He was the second person to become an Eagle Scout in the state of Idaho.
In March 1923 the Boise Ward where Hunter had been a member since baptism was split, and he ended up in the new Boise 2nd Ward. It initially met in a Jewish Synagogue that was provided free of charge. When a short time later calls were issued to build the Boise LDS Tabernacle, Hunter was the first to pledge money for the building, offering $25.
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J.R. Simplot
John Richard ("Jack" or "J.R.") Simplot (January 9, 1909 – May 25, 2008) was the founder of the J. R. Simplot Company, an agricultural supplier specializing in potato products, based in Boise, Idaho. In 2007 he was estimated to be the 89th-richest person in America, at $3.6 billion. At the time of his death at age 99 in May 2008, he was the oldest billionaire on the Forbes 400.
Born in Dubuque, Iowa, in 1909, he was the third of six children of Charles R. and Dorothy Simplot. A year later, the family relocated a thousand miles (1600 km) west to homestead in the newly irrigated Magic Valley of south central Idaho. After differences with his authoritarian father, Simplot quit school in the eighth grade and left home to strike out on his own at age 14 in 1923. He then worked on a farm near Declo, before getting into the potato and vegetable processing business.
By World War II, the J. R. Simplot Company had become the largest shipper of fresh potatoes in the nation.
In 1945, Simplot's Soilbuilder/Grower Solutions organization was formed, and Simplot established a canning and dehydrating quick-freeze plant in which employees tested frozen potato products. The Simplot Company is credited with pioneering the first commercial frozen French fry in the late 1940s. In 1953, Simplot patented the frozen French-fried potato, an invention of his scientists that would later make him billions.
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Jake Plummer
Jason Steven "Jake" Plummer (born on December 19, 1974) is a former American football quarterback in the National Football League. He was drafted by the Arizona Cardinals in the second round of the 1997 NFL Draft. He played college football at Arizona State.
His nickname, Jake "the Snake", was given to him as a tribute to professional wrestler, Jake "the Snake" Roberts. Coincidentally, Roberts adopted that nickname as a tribute to his favorite NFL player, former Oakland Raiders quarterback Ken Stabler, who was nicknamed "the Snake".
After a 2007 offseason trade from the Denver Broncos to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Plummer failed to report to the team and announced his intention to retire.
Plummer was born in, and grew up in, Boise, Idaho, went to Pierce Park Elementary, Hillside Junior High, and graduated from Capital High School in 1993. He was a three-sport star in high school, playing baseball and basketball in addition to football. He was selected as an all-state quarterback as well as punter twice, and passed for 6,097 yards and 68 touchdowns in his junior and senior years.
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James Jesus Angleton
James Jesus Angleton (December 9, 1917 – May 12, 1987) was chief of the CIA's counterintelligence (CI) staff from 1954 to 1975. His official position within the organization was "Associate Deputy Director of Operations for Counterintelligence (ADDOCI)".
According to one-time Director of Central Intelligence Richard Helms: "In his day, Jim was recognized as the dominant counterintelligence figure in the non-communist world." Investigative journalist Edward Jay Epstein agrees with the high regards given to Angleton by his colleagues in the intelligence business, and adds that Angleton earned the "trust... of six CIA directors -- including Gen. Walter Bedell Smith, Allen W. Dulles and Richard Helms. They kept Angleton in key positions and valued his work."
James Angleton was born in Boise, Idaho, to James Hugh Angleton and Carmen Mercedes Moreno. His parents met in Mexico while his father was a cavalry officer serving under General John Pershing. James Hugh Angleton purchased the NCR franchise in pre-war Italy, where he became head of the American Chamber of Commerce and later joined the Office of Strategic Services (OSS).
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Jeremy Shada
Jeremy Shada (born January 21, 1997 in Boise, Idaho, USA) is an American child actor and singer. He is the voice of Finn on the animated TV show Adventure Time, a role which was voiced by his brother Zack in the pilot episode. His brothers are Josh Shada and Zack Shada.
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Jeret Peterson
Jeret "Speedy" Peterson (December 12, 1981 – July 25, 2011) was an American World Cup aerial skier from Boise, Idaho, skiing out of Bogus Basin. A three-time Olympian, he won the silver medal at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Peterson was found dead in Lambs Canyon, Utah on July 25, 2011. The cause of death was determined to be a self-inflicted gunshot wound.
Through the 2006 season, Peterson had won four World Cup events in aerials, and a total of nine World Cup podiums. His best season was 2005, with three World Cup wins and three seconds. With the help of these six strong placings, he took the 2005 World Cup season title in aerials. He finished in sixth place for the 2006 season.
A member of three Olympic teams, he participated in the 2002 Games in Salt Lake (placing 9th) and the 2006 Games in Turin, Italy. In the finals of the 2006 aerial competitions, Peterson was in third place after the first round, but fell to seventh place after the second jump, when he failed to solidly land the difficult "Hurricane" maneuver, which involves five spins and three somersaults.
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John M. Haines
John Michiner Haines (born January 1, 1863 in Jasper County, Iowa – died June 4, 1917 in Boise, Idaho) was the tenth Governor of Idaho from 1913 until 1915. Prior to being elected governor he served as mayor of Boise from 1907 to 1909.
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Kristin Armstrong
Kristin Armstrong (born August 11, 1973, in Memphis, Tennessee) is a professional road bicycle racer and Olympic gold medalist, the winner of the Women's Time Trial at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. Before temporarily retiring to start a family in 2009, she rode for Cervélo TestTeam in women's elite professional events on the National Racing Calendar (NRC) and UCI Women's World Cup. She announced a return to competitive cycling beginning in the 2011 season, competing for Peanut Butter & Co. TWENTY12 at the Redlands Classic.
Prior to her professional cycling career, Armstrong had been a distance runner in college and then became a triathlete. She spent many hours perfecting her strokes in the pool at the Boise Family YMCA, where she also served as Director of Aquatics, managing more than 50 lifeguards, swim instructors, and others. She was diagnosed with arthritis in both hips in 2001, at age 27, and told that she could no longer run at an elite level, thus ending her triathlon career and leading her to focus exclusively on cycling.
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Kristine Sutherland
Kristine Sutherland (born Kristine Young on April 17, 1955 in Boise, Idaho) is an actress best known for her role as Buffy Summers' mother Joyce Summers on the television show Buffy The Vampire Slayer.
She was born Kristine Young, and changed her name because she was often confused with another similarly named actress. The last name "Sutherland" was after her cat, whom she named "Donald" after Donald Sutherland, who, coincidentally, had a role in the original Buffy the Vampire Slayer film, Whedon's first attempt to bring Buffy to audiences. She attended high school in Lexington, Kentucky, where she participated in the Tates Creek Drama program. After graduating, she enrolled in the University of Kentucky.
Kristine Sutherland is not related to Donald Sutherland or his son Kiefer Sutherland.
Sutherland's first film role was as Mae Thompson in the 1989 film Honey, I Shrunk the Kids. In 1997, she auditioned for the role of Joyce Summers on The WB Television Network's up-and-coming television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Creator Joss Whedon later stated that one of the reasons he chose Sutherland for the role was the fact that she exuded a warm demeanour, as well as what he believed to be a close resemblance to actress Sarah Michelle Gellar, who was to portray her daughter in the series. She appeared regularly on the show for the first five seasons before leaving, but returned for three more guest appearances, 1 in season 6 and 2 in season 7. In April 2008, she had a guest starring role on New Amsterdam as the wife of John Amsterdam's first partner, in the episode "Reclassified".
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Mark Gregory Hambley
Ambassador Mark Gregory Hambley was born on February 12, 1948, in Boise, ID.
A veteran of more than 30 years in the U.S. diplomatic service, Ambassador Mark Hambley served in eleven postings in nine Middle Eastern countries, including as U.S. Ambassador in Qatar and, later, in Lebanon and as the U.S. Consul General in both Alexandria, Egypt, and in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Recently information has come to light regarding Ambassador Hambley's remarkable role in the siege of Mecca.[1]
Ambassador Hambley's service in multilateral diplomacy included his designation as the Special Representative to the UN Commission on Sustainable Development, as the U.S. Representative to the Intergovernmental Panel on Forests, and as the Special Negotiator on Climate Change during the Clinton and early months of the current Bush administration.
Following the September 11 attacks, Ambassador Hambley served as the Political Advisor to the commander of the U.S. Air Force deployment in the Middle East during the conflict against al-Qaeda and the Taliban in Afghanistan throughout the fall of that year. He was then appointed as director of the Media Outreach Center in London in March 2003. This is a specialized unit established under the authority of the U.S. Congress in early 2003. The goal of this center is to improve dialog with the pan-Arab media and to monitor the programming and coverage of various pan-Arab newspapers and satellite television.
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Reginald Owen
John Reginald Owen (5 August 1887 – 5 November 1972) was a British character actor. He was known for his many roles in British and American films and later in television programmes.
Owen studied at Sir Herbert Tree's Royal Academy of Dramatic Art and made his professional debut in 1905. He went to the United States in 1920 and worked originally on Broadway in New York, but later moved to Hollywood, where he began a lengthy film career. He was always a familiar face in many MGM productions.
Owen is perhaps best known today for his performance as Ebenezer Scrooge in the 1938 film version of Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol, a role he inherited from Lionel Barrymore, who had played the part of Scrooge on the radio every Christmas for years, after Barrymore had broken his hip in an accident.
Owen was one of only four actors to play both Sherlock Holmes and his companion Dr Watson (Jeremy Brett played Watson on stage in the United States prior to adopting the mantle of Holmes on British television,Carleton Hobbs played both roles in British radio adaptations while Patrick Macnee played both roles in US television films).
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Scott Jorgensen
Scott Roger Jorgensen (born September 17, 1982) is an American mixed martial artist competing in the UFC Bantamweight division and is a member of the Twisted Genetiks Fight Team based out of Boise, Idaho. He is considered a perennial top 5 ranked bantamweight fighter. He holds notable victories over Brad Pickett, Kenji Osawa, Antonio Banuelos, and Takeya Mizugaki. Jorgensen is currently ranked the No. 5 bantamweight fighter in the world by Sherdog, No. 4 by ESPN.com and No. 4 by MMAWeekly.com.
Jorgensen started wrestling in 3rd grade and continued wrestling in college for Boise State University. He is a 3 time Pac-10 Champion and finished in the top 12 at the NCAA National Tournament three years in a row.[citation needed]
Jorgensen has been diagnosed with vitiligo. According to Jorgensen from an interview with MMARecap.com, "Its just a pigmentation disorder that basically my immune system fights off pigment cells and loses its color." In another interview, he talks about when he first noticed it happening. "It started in ninth grade. I noticed a small spot on my wrist and I didn't think much of it. My mom offered to take me to a doctor but I didn't want to go. It kind of bothered me because I didn't know how to explain it to people ... and some people were ignorant. So I just involved myself with what I do best, which is wrestling, and I've always had lots of friends. It got to the point where I decided you'll either accept me or you won't and if it's because of my skin then you've got bigger issues than I do. I just don't care, it doesn't bother me. It's something that makes me who I am. It is me and it's never hindered me in any way. It's funny to see people talk about it."
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Torrie Wilson
Torrie Anne Wilson (born July 24, 1975) is a retired American professional wrestler, fitness competitor and model. She is best known for her tenures in World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), where she worked on both their SmackDown and Raw brands throughout her eight-year run.
As a fitness competitor, Wilson won the Miss Galaxy competition in 1998. Shortly after, she was signed by World Championship Wrestling, where she stayed from 1999 until 2001. In 2001, she began appearing on World Wrestling Federation (WWF) television as part of The Invasion storyline. Her most high profile storyline took place in 2003 when she feuded with Dawn Marie. Wilson has also been a part of the all-female stable, or group of affiliated wrestlers, known as Vince's Devils, which ended its run in 2006.
Aside from wrestling, Wilson has been on the cover of several magazines, including FHM and Playboy, which she posed for twice.
Wilson was born in Boise, Idaho. She claims that while growing up she was painfully shy as a child. Wilson found her niche in many school activities, including cheerleading, dance, and was very competitive in track and field.
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Viola S. Wendt
Viola Sophia Wendt, Ph.D. (March 31, 1907 – March 23, 1986) was an American poet and educator.
Wendt was born into a farming family in Boise, Idaho, in March 1907, the second of the three daughters of Carl and Thelma Wendt. Her parents moved to West Bend, Wisconsin in 1914 in order for her father to pursue new business opportunities. Viola was educated there, graduating from West Bend High School in 1924. She was a bright student, especially excelling at languages, writing, and literary analysis. Accordingly, Wendt entered the University of Wisconsin–Madison (UW), majoring in English Literature. During her time there as an undergraduate, Viola acquired a particular affinity for poetry and was told by professors that her compositions revealed a "talent for the bizarre."
She secured a position as a graduate student in English at Radcliffe College (now part of Harvard University) in Cambridge, Massachusetts, after receiving her B.A. degree from the University of Wisconsin in 1928. Eighteen months later, when the U.S. stock market crashed, ushering in the Great Depression, Wendt and her family were no longer able to afford tuition at Radcliffe, and she was forced to suspend her studies. Viola returned to Wisconsin and set about obtaining a general teaching certificate so she could earn a living. In the meantime, she was employed as a live-in nanny for several families in Madison. Wendt completed work on an M.A. degree in English at Wisconsin in 1936. With a teaching certificate in hand, she was employed there as a graduate assistant in English, and then taught that subject at the Platteville State Teachers College (now University of Wisconsin–Platteville).
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Wayne Walker
Wayne Harrison Walker (born September 30, 1936 in Boise, Idaho) is a former professional football player and sports broadcaster. He played in the NFL for fifteen seasons, from 1958-72 for the Detroit Lions. A starter throughout his career, #55 played in 200 regular season games as a 6'2", 225 lb. outside linebacker, the most ever at that position.
Walker was raised in Boise and graduated from Boise High School in 1954. He passed on an offer to play professional baseball in order to play college football at the University of Idaho, as a center and middle linebacker for new head coach Skip Stahley. In his senior season in 1957, he served as a team captain. In that era, Idaho was a member of the Pacific Coast Conference, the forerunner of the Pac-10. Walker's teammate (and roommate) at Idaho was Jerry Kramer, a future All-Pro offensive lineman (right guard) with the Green Bay Packers. Both players were selected for the East-West Shrine Game, the College All-Star Game (vs. the 1957 NFL champs (Detroit Lions) at Soldier Field in summer 1958; defeating the Lions 35-19), and in the fourth round of the 1958 NFL Draft. They were the first players from Idaho to be drafted by the pros, both picked in the top 50. In the East-West Shrine Game at Kezar Stadium in San Francisco, Walker had fifteen tackles, two interceptions, and blocked a kick. He was voted the outstanding defensive player of the game.
wn.com/Wayne_Walker -
William Agee
William Joseph Agee is an American businessman. In 1976 at age 38, he became the youngest non-family member CEO of a Fortune 100 Company when he was appointed President and CEO of the Bendix Corporation. In the 1980s and 1990s he served as Chairman, President and CEO of Morrison Knudsen Corporation (MK). He is presently a business consultant, venture capitalist, and chairman of a charitable foundation. He has received six honorary doctorate degrees and has sat on the boards of Fortune 500 corporations including Equitable Life and Dow Jones as well as Bendix and Morrison Knudsen. In 1979 he was featured in a Time magazine cover story titled "Faces of the Future", and was named Finance Magazine's "Financial Man of the Year" in 1976.
Agee attended Stanford University for his freshman year (1956–1957), and returned to Boise, Idaho when his family could not afford the tuition. He attended Boise Junior College for one year, earning an associate's degree degree while working 40 hours per week in Albertson’s accounting department. He then transferred to the University of Idaho where he joined the Beta Theta Pi fraternity, was elected senior class president, and graduated with highest honors.
wn.com/William_Agee -
William Petersen
William Louis Petersen (born February 21, 1953) is an American actor and producer, best known for playing Dr. Gilbert "Gil" Grissom on the hit CBS series CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, and as Will Graham in the film Manhunter.
Petersen was born in Evanston, Illinois, the youngest of six children of June (née Hoene; 1909–2006) and Arthur Edward Petersen, Sr. (1907–2004), who worked in the furniture business. He is of Danish and German descent. He has two brothers, Arthur, Jr. and Robert, plus three sisters: Anne, Mary Kay, and Elizabeth. He graduated from Bishop Kelly High School in Boise, Idaho, in 1972. He was accepted to Idaho State University on a football scholarship. While at Idaho State, Petersen took an acting course which changed the direction of his life. He left school along with his wife, Joanne, in 1974 and followed a drama professor to the Basque country where he studied as a Shakespearean actor. Petersen was interested in Basque culture and he studied the Basque language, Euskara, and gave his daughter the Basque name Maite Nerea (meaning My Beloved); she was born in Arrasate - Mondragón 1975. Petersen returned to Idaho intent on being an actor. Not wanting to work a non-acting job in Idaho, he returned to the Chicago area, living with relatives. He became active in the theater and earned his Actors' Equity card. He performed with the Steppenwolf Theatre Company, of which he has been an ensemble member since 2008, and was a co-founder of the Remains Theater Ensemble which also included other prominent Chicago actors Gary Cole and Ted Levine.
wn.com/William_Petersen
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Boise Idaho Relocation Team
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:12
- Updated: 30 Nov 2012
Video of Boise Idaho and the surrounding area. Idaho is a great place to live.
http://wn.com/Boise_Idaho_Relocation_Team
Video of Boise Idaho and the surrounding area. Idaho is a great place to live.
Tour Boise Idaho
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:47
- Updated: 14 Nov 2012
www.capitalgroupco.com is the best place to find Idaho Real Estate. This video contains a sampling of Boise's best attractions. Hope you enjoy it.
http://wn.com/Tour_Boise_Idaho
www.capitalgroupco.com is the best place to find Idaho Real Estate. This video contains a sampling of Boise's best attractions. Hope you enjoy it.
- published: 30 Apr 2008
- views: 26189
- author: boiseblog
Boise, Idaho
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:06
- Updated: 25 Nov 2012
visit Boise, ID!!
http://wn.com/Boise,_Idaho
visit Boise, ID!!
- published: 09 May 2008
- views: 37368
- author: VisitBoise
GoPro HD: Helicopter Tour of Boise, ID
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:00
- Updated: 14 Nov 2012
Twitter | twitter.com Facebook | facebook.com Gaming Channel | youtube.com I got a GoPro HD Hero camera for Christmas and then the next day my parents surprised me with a helicopter tour of Boise! Perfect chance to put together a little video with my new camera :) LEAGUE OF IDAHO VLOGGERS Tyler [youtube.com Kiel [youtube.com Rick [youtube.com MUSIC INFO Music used was created by Awake Awake! and released to the public for free. Songs used are from the New Prime soundtrack (credit goes to Olan Rogers for the New Prime series). The songs are Cosmos and Escape from Earth. TAGS GoPro "GoPro HD Hero" "GoPro HD" "GoPro Hero" "Boise Idaho Tour" Helicopter "Boise Helicopter Tour" "Olan Rogers" Olan Rogers "New Prime Soundtrack" "New Prime" "downtown boise idaho" "boise state university" "table rock"
http://wn.com/GoPro_HD_Helicopter_Tour_of_Boise,_ID
Twitter | twitter.com Facebook | facebook.com Gaming Channel | youtube.com I got a GoPro HD Hero camera for Christmas and then the next day my parents surprised me with a helicopter tour of Boise! Perfect chance to put together a little video with my new camera :) LEAGUE OF IDAHO VLOGGERS Tyler [youtube.com Kiel [youtube.com Rick [youtube.com MUSIC INFO Music used was created by Awake Awake! and released to the public for free. Songs used are from the New Prime soundtrack (credit goes to Olan Rogers for the New Prime series). The songs are Cosmos and Escape from Earth. TAGS GoPro "GoPro HD Hero" "GoPro HD" "GoPro Hero" "Boise Idaho Tour" Helicopter "Boise Helicopter Tour" "Olan Rogers" Olan Rogers "New Prime Soundtrack" "New Prime" "downtown boise idaho" "boise state university" "table rock"
- published: 28 Dec 2011
- views: 1656
- author: CriscoLloyd
UFO over Boise, Id.?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:15
- Updated: 22 Nov 2012
Feb. 3, 2012, our morning view watching jets chase this, and then the UFO appearing to fall out of the sky. UFO meaning, unidenified flying object, we cannot identify this flying object.
http://wn.com/UFO_over_Boise,_Id?
Feb. 3, 2012, our morning view watching jets chase this, and then the UFO appearing to fall out of the sky. UFO meaning, unidenified flying object, we cannot identify this flying object.
- published: 12 Apr 2012
- views: 10934
- author: clanofmorrisons
Kiplinger's Best Cities 2008 - Boise, Idaho
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:34
- Updated: 16 Nov 2012
Pristine, classy, and a home to a 200 year old European Basque community.
http://wn.com/Kiplinger's_Best_Cities_2008_Boise,_Idaho
Pristine, classy, and a home to a 200 year old European Basque community.
- published: 13 Oct 2008
- views: 8229
- author: kiplinger
The Many Views of Boise Idaho
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:40
- Updated: 16 Aug 2012
Enjoy a visual tour of Boise Idaho, Promoted by 83701.com and Dennis Jonas, Associate Broker, Coldwell Banker Tomlinson Group, Boise, Eagle, Meridian Idaho
http://wn.com/The_Many_Views_of_Boise_Idaho
Enjoy a visual tour of Boise Idaho, Promoted by 83701.com and Dennis Jonas, Associate Broker, Coldwell Banker Tomlinson Group, Boise, Eagle, Meridian Idaho
- published: 24 Jan 2010
- views: 1681
- author: 83616eagle
Downtown Boise Idaho
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:54
- Updated: 29 Nov 2012
Here I am in Downtown Boise Idaho. I love the place. Spent a lot of time there when I was underage bothering people leaving the bars, I made a lot of money that way. Put to Dirty Vegas.
http://wn.com/Downtown_Boise_Idaho
Here I am in Downtown Boise Idaho. I love the place. Spent a lot of time there when I was underage bothering people leaving the bars, I made a lot of money that way. Put to Dirty Vegas.
- published: 17 Dec 2006
- views: 75736
- author: frybean
Driving in Boise, Idaho #1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:35
- Updated: 16 Nov 2012
Driving in Boise, Idaho #1 Conduire a Boise, Idaho #1
http://wn.com/Driving_in_Boise,_Idaho_1
Driving in Boise, Idaho #1 Conduire a Boise, Idaho #1
- published: 15 May 2007
- views: 5121
- author: Darksabor75
Day 4 - Boise, ID
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:37
- Updated: 03 Dec 2012
Boise, Idaho is always one of the more crazy shows on the tour. No amphitheater, no seats, just pure insanity. The pits were going by the time The Devil Wears Prada went on and didn't let up until after the fireworks and Slipknot's last song. Slipknot Sulfer All Hope Is Gone (2008)
http://wn.com/Day_4_Boise,_ID
Boise, Idaho is always one of the more crazy shows on the tour. No amphitheater, no seats, just pure insanity. The pits were going by the time The Devil Wears Prada went on and didn't let up until after the fireworks and Slipknot's last song. Slipknot Sulfer All Hope Is Gone (2008)
- published: 06 Jul 2012
- views: 26014
- author: rockstarmayhem
Nursing is Normal
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:16
- Updated: 27 Oct 2012
The Central District Breastfeeding Coalition has produced a video entitled "Nursing is Normal" in hopes of raising awareness of the benefits of breastfeeding. The Coalition is made up of the Central District Health Department, St. Alphonsus, Saint Luke's, Elmore Medical Center and a local pediatrician.
http://wn.com/Nursing_is_Normal
The Central District Breastfeeding Coalition has produced a video entitled "Nursing is Normal" in hopes of raising awareness of the benefits of breastfeeding. The Coalition is made up of the Central District Health Department, St. Alphonsus, Saint Luke's, Elmore Medical Center and a local pediatrician.
- published: 21 Jan 2011
- views: 1383
- author: dfotsch
2012 Endurocross Race Recap: Boise, ID - Round 7
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:05
- Updated: 18 Nov 2012
Boise, ID (October 27, 2012) -- The penultimate round of the 2012 GEICO AMA EnduroCross series took place inside the Idaho Center, just west of Boise and the packed house witnessed racing on the toughest EnduroCross track yet. The difficult track created a lot of action and KTM's Taddy Blazusiak took another win despite a last lap crash that allowed Beta's Cody Webb to get within striking difference. Husqvarna's Cory Graffunder withstood pressure from multiple riders to earn the last podium position. The next round of the GEICO EnduroCross series, presented by Lucas Oil will take place inside the Orleans Arena on Saturday, November 17th. That event will feature a double main event format that will award full points and purse for each main. The Las Vegas event tickets are available at www.endurocross.com/buy-tickets/
http://wn.com/2012_Endurocross_Race_Recap_Boise,_ID_Round_7
Boise, ID (October 27, 2012) -- The penultimate round of the 2012 GEICO AMA EnduroCross series took place inside the Idaho Center, just west of Boise and the packed house witnessed racing on the toughest EnduroCross track yet. The difficult track created a lot of action and KTM's Taddy Blazusiak took another win despite a last lap crash that allowed Beta's Cody Webb to get within striking difference. Husqvarna's Cory Graffunder withstood pressure from multiple riders to earn the last podium position. The next round of the GEICO EnduroCross series, presented by Lucas Oil will take place inside the Orleans Arena on Saturday, November 17th. That event will feature a double main event format that will award full points and purse for each main. The Las Vegas event tickets are available at www.endurocross.com/buy-tickets/
- published: 29 Oct 2012
- views: 19451
- author: endurocross
2011 Boise Idaho Fall Parade of Homes
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:37
- Updated: 17 May 2012
The 2011 Boise Idaho Fall Parade of Homes starts again this October. It is the first three weekends, Saturdays and Sundays, 11am to 5pm. There are 34 brand new homes open to the public. This home show is free and is sponsored by the Building Contractors Association of Southwest Idaho. www.BoiseParadeofHomes.com Produced by Build Idaho- Boise Idaho Real Estate Guide to New Homes. http
http://wn.com/2011_Boise_Idaho_Fall_Parade_of_Homes
The 2011 Boise Idaho Fall Parade of Homes starts again this October. It is the first three weekends, Saturdays and Sundays, 11am to 5pm. There are 34 brand new homes open to the public. This home show is free and is sponsored by the Building Contractors Association of Southwest Idaho. www.BoiseParadeofHomes.com Produced by Build Idaho- Boise Idaho Real Estate Guide to New Homes. http
- published: 14 Sep 2011
- views: 1890
- author: BuildIdaho
Boise, Idaho
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 21:30
- Updated: 20 Jul 2012
The Mountain west is our backdrop this week for adventure, both on the golf course and off. The Guys, George, Kenny and Zip play the courses that Banbury, Ridgecrest, Shadow Valley have to offer and explore the area in a hot air balloon, and try some rafting in Beautiful Rocky Mountains.
http://wn.com/Boise,_Idaho
The Mountain west is our backdrop this week for adventure, both on the golf course and off. The Guys, George, Kenny and Zip play the courses that Banbury, Ridgecrest, Shadow Valley have to offer and explore the area in a hot air balloon, and try some rafting in Beautiful Rocky Mountains.
- published: 08 Jan 2010
- views: 916
- author: TravelVideoStore
Kelly Clarkson - Beautiful (Christina Aguilera Cover) Boise, ID. Stronger Tour
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:59
- Updated: 05 Dec 2012
Kelly Clarkson sings Beautiful (Christina Aguilera Cover) Boise, ID. Stronger Tour. Taco Bell Area, section 2, Row J.
http://wn.com/Kelly_Clarkson_Beautiful_Christina_Aguilera_Cover_Boise,_ID_Stronger_Tour
Kelly Clarkson sings Beautiful (Christina Aguilera Cover) Boise, ID. Stronger Tour. Taco Bell Area, section 2, Row J.
- published: 25 Mar 2012
- views: 62341
- author: Brady S
Boise, Idaho
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:07
- Updated: 20 Aug 2012
Created on March 21, 2009 using FlipShare.
http://wn.com/Boise,_Idaho
Created on March 21, 2009 using FlipShare.
- published: 22 Mar 2009
- views: 4309
- author: JeremyCampMusic
Visiting Happy Trails in Boise, Idaho
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:05
- Updated: 24 Jun 2012
While I was at Happy Trails in Boise I had the chance to talk with Jason Happy Trails head engineer. He is the guy who designs all the goodies like panniers, fork braces, etc. He explained to me a little about how and why they do things at Happy Trails. All their products are about strength and function, little things that would help their products to look nice like grinding down their welds are big no no's. Because while it might make them look nicer, it would sacrifice on strength. I was a bit jealous as I walked around and met so many people that get to work in a place that is all about dual sport bikes. It would be a dream job for most people I know.
http://wn.com/Visiting_Happy_Trails_in_Boise,_Idaho
While I was at Happy Trails in Boise I had the chance to talk with Jason Happy Trails head engineer. He is the guy who designs all the goodies like panniers, fork braces, etc. He explained to me a little about how and why they do things at Happy Trails. All their products are about strength and function, little things that would help their products to look nice like grinding down their welds are big no no's. Because while it might make them look nicer, it would sacrifice on strength. I was a bit jealous as I walked around and met so many people that get to work in a place that is all about dual sport bikes. It would be a dream job for most people I know.
- published: 27 Aug 2011
- views: 1793
- author: halfthrottle
Corrals Trail - Mountain Bike Boise, Idaho
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:26
- Updated: 19 Jan 2012
spinmotiv.com This is video from several sections of the Corrals Trail in the foothills of Boise, Idaho. The lead rider is on a Specialized Epic. The cameraman (using a Sportzshot PVS-6XPRO-1 camera) is on a 2008 Trek Fuel EX 9.
http://wn.com/Corrals_Trail_Mountain_Bike_Boise,_Idaho
spinmotiv.com This is video from several sections of the Corrals Trail in the foothills of Boise, Idaho. The lead rider is on a Specialized Epic. The cameraman (using a Sportzshot PVS-6XPRO-1 camera) is on a 2008 Trek Fuel EX 9.
- published: 13 Nov 2008
- views: 7153
- author: SpinMotiv
Mountain Biking - "Hard Guy" trail, Boise Idaho
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:05
- Updated: 27 Nov 2012
spinmotiv.com A fast mountain bike run down the Hard Guy trail in the Boise Foothills. The lead rider is on a 2003 Specialized Epic and the cameraman (using a Sportzshot PVS-6XPRO-1 camera) is riding a 2008 Trek Fuel EX 9. Music by Rick Mugrage
http://wn.com/Mountain_Biking_Hard_Guy_trail,_Boise_Idaho
spinmotiv.com A fast mountain bike run down the Hard Guy trail in the Boise Foothills. The lead rider is on a 2003 Specialized Epic and the cameraman (using a Sportzshot PVS-6XPRO-1 camera) is riding a 2008 Trek Fuel EX 9. Music by Rick Mugrage
- published: 08 Jun 2008
- views: 8612
- author: SpinMotiv
Boise, Idaho - Wiki Article
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 38:13
- Updated: 15 Nov 2012
Boise is the capital and most populous city of the US state of Idaho, as well as the county seat of Ada County. Located on the Boise River, it anchors the Boise City-Nampa metropolitan area and is... Boise, Idaho - Wiki Article - wikiplays.org Original @ http All Information Derived...
http://wn.com/Boise,_Idaho_Wiki_Article
Boise is the capital and most populous city of the US state of Idaho, as well as the county seat of Ada County. Located on the Boise River, it anchors the Boise City-Nampa metropolitan area and is... Boise, Idaho - Wiki Article - wikiplays.org Original @ http All Information Derived...
- published: 20 Oct 2012
- views: 330
- author: WikiPlays
Views of Boise Idaho 83701.com
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:42
- Updated: 25 Nov 2012
Views of Boise, Idaho, Boise State Univerisity, Foothills, Ann Morrison Park.
http://wn.com/Views_of_Boise_Idaho_83701com
Views of Boise, Idaho, Boise State Univerisity, Foothills, Ann Morrison Park.
- published: 05 Jun 2009
- views: 691
- author: 83616eagle
Charles Trippy in Boise, Idaho right after accident! Get well soon Charles!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:07
- Updated: 01 Dec 2012
FINAL UPDATE Charles has had the tumor removed and has fully recovered! He is back on tour and there is no sign of the tumor coming back! Congrats Charles! UPDATE 2/25/12 Just learned via Charles' Facebook page that he has a tumor located in his brain. They will be flying him back to Florida so he can have the surgery and hopefully a speedy recovery. No other information is known at this time. Please keep him in your prayers. Original Info: I was not able to meet Charles Trippy because he passed out in downtown Boise and is spending the night in the hospital! Somehow I was able to be right there when the paramedics arrived. Charles and Danny (From We the Kings) were walking back from seeing BSU's blue smurf turf when it happened. Get well soon Charles! Twitter | twitter.com Facebook | facebook.com Gaming Channel | youtube.com League of Idaho Vloggers Tyler [ youtube.com ] Kiel [ youtube.com ] Rick [ youtube.com ] Music used under Creative Commons law with permission given by the artist to be used in commercial works. Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons "Attribution 3.0" creativecommons.org "Charles Trippy Seizure" CharlesTrippy "Internet Killed Television" CTFxC "Charles Trippy" "Ali Trippy" "Charles Trippy accident" "Charles Trippy Boise Idaho" "Boise, Idaho" "We the Kings" "Charles Trippy pass out" "CriscoLloyd" CriscoLloyd
http://wn.com/Charles_Trippy_in_Boise,_Idaho_right_after_accident!_Get_well_soon_Charles!
FINAL UPDATE Charles has had the tumor removed and has fully recovered! He is back on tour and there is no sign of the tumor coming back! Congrats Charles! UPDATE 2/25/12 Just learned via Charles' Facebook page that he has a tumor located in his brain. They will be flying him back to Florida so he can have the surgery and hopefully a speedy recovery. No other information is known at this time. Please keep him in your prayers. Original Info: I was not able to meet Charles Trippy because he passed out in downtown Boise and is spending the night in the hospital! Somehow I was able to be right there when the paramedics arrived. Charles and Danny (From We the Kings) were walking back from seeing BSU's blue smurf turf when it happened. Get well soon Charles! Twitter | twitter.com Facebook | facebook.com Gaming Channel | youtube.com League of Idaho Vloggers Tyler [ youtube.com ] Kiel [ youtube.com ] Rick [ youtube.com ] Music used under Creative Commons law with permission given by the artist to be used in commercial works. Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons "Attribution 3.0" creativecommons.org "Charles Trippy Seizure" CharlesTrippy "Internet Killed Television" CTFxC "Charles Trippy" "Ali Trippy" "Charles Trippy accident" "Charles Trippy Boise Idaho" "Boise, Idaho" "We the Kings" "Charles Trippy pass out" "CriscoLloyd" CriscoLloyd
- published: 24 Feb 2012
- views: 11704
- author: CriscoLloyd
Camaro Police Chase in Boise Idaho - 1999
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:27
- Updated: 12 Nov 2012
Camaro Police Chase in Boise Idaho - 1999
http://wn.com/Camaro_Police_Chase_in_Boise_Idaho_1999
Camaro Police Chase in Boise Idaho - 1999
- published: 17 Jul 2008
- views: 32689
- author: giddeup
photo: AP / Bullit Marquez
06 Dec 2012
NEW BATAAN, Philippines - A powerful typhoon that washed away emergency shelters, a military camp and possibly entire families in the southern Philippines has killed almost 350 people with nearly 400 missing, authorities said Thursday. More bodies were retrieved from hardest-hit Compostela Valley and Davao Oriental provinces and six others impacted by Tuesday's storm, the Office of Civil Defense reported ... "It was horrible ... --- ... Location....(size: 8.0Kb)
photo: AP / Photo
06 Dec 2012
Lionel Messi missed out on a chance to match Gerd Mueller's record of 85 goals in a calendar year as he was injured during Barcelona's draw with Benfica. Messi, who hurt his left knee in a collision with Benfica keeper Artur, was taken off 30 minutes after coming on as a second-half substitute. Benfica knew a win would see them finish second behind Barca in Group G ... FC Barcelona's official Twitter account tweeted after the Benfica game....(size: 2.5Kb)
photo: US Navy / Matthew Stroup
05 Dec 2012
ISAF today issued an operational update on combat operations in Afghanistan. It noted, among other things, that Afghan and coalition security forces conducted an operation in Watahpur district yesterday that resulted in the “death of insurgent leader Mohammad Yar Gul.” ... Mohammed Yar Gul coordinated the movement of insurgent fighters throughout Kunar province ... ....(size: 1.7Kb)
photo: White House / Pete Souza
06 Dec 2012
The US Treasury Secretary has said the Obama administration is "absolutely" ready for the US economy to go over the "fiscal cliff" rather than accept a budget deal that does not include higher tax rates for top earners. Timothy Geithner said on Wednesday that the administration believes budget deficits are so large that they cannot be closed without boosting tax rates on the highest-earning two per cent of Americans ... 489 Source. ... Share....(size: 19.2Kb)
Austin American Statesman
08 Dec 2012
my SA
08 Dec 2012
EAST. Arizona St. 67, Providence 58. Hampton 81, UMBC 36. Iona 67, Columbia 63 ... Washington 74, Boise St ... Idaho 78, UC Riverside 64....(size: 0.7Kb)
San Francisco Chronicle
08 Dec 2012
Competition, competition, competition – that will be the hallmark of the casino industry in 2013, according to a casino consultant with 20 years in the business ... Boise, Idaho (PRWEB) December 07, 2012 ... “Competition will ramp up for a number of reasons ... A Boise, Idaho-based consulting firm to the global gaming industry, Robinson & Associates is the world leader in casino guest experience measurement, management and improvement ... ###....(size: 6.3Kb)
my SA
08 Dec 2012
EAST. Arizona St. 67, Providence 58. Baruch 81, CCNY 31. Castleton St. 69, Husson 47. Hampton 81, UMBC 36. Iona 67, Columbia 63. Rider 66, Army 60. Sage 47, Bard 41. St. John Fisher 66, Elmira 64. St. Joseph's (LI) 64, St ... St ... Washington 74, Boise St ... Idaho 78, UC Riverside 64....(size: 1.6Kb)
The Examiner
08 Dec 2012
Saturday will be the 32nd anniversary of John Lennon's death. Here are some events happening around the world paying tribute to him.. NEW ART. In honor of John Lennon (and The Beatles), Beatles artist Shannon will be unveiling four pieces of BEATLES art at The Cutting Room in New York City. This will be the first unveiling in the U.S ... “LONG LIVE THE BEATLES”. with Jay Swanson, 8 p.m. Dec ... Dec ... Dec ... 8.15 p.m., Stage Coach Theatre, Boise, Idaho....(size: 3.1Kb)
The Examiner
08 Dec 2012
When the Washington Huskies take the field against Boise State on Dec ... ''It's the only game on that day on national television, so for Husky nation, it's an opportunity to get on that national stage,'' Sarkisian said this afternoon ... Boise State is playing the Vegas Bowl for the third consecutive year ... ....(size: 1.5Kb)
Signon San Diego
08 Dec 2012
SAN DIEGO COUNTY CREDIT UNION POINSETTIA BOWL. How the San Diego State got here. Going into Oct. 20’s Nevada game, SDSU was 4-3, and the unlikely underdogs against an in-sync Wolf Pack team ... No. 19 Boise State? No problem. SDSU edged Boise on the road 21-9 to position itself for a share of the Mountain West title, and sealed the deal with a win over Wyoming two weeks later. How BYU got here ... Boise State? – it’s been effective ... 3 nationally ... ....(size: 4.1Kb)
Yahoo Daily News
08 Dec 2012
Sun Valley, Idaho (PRWEB) December 07, 2012 Contact. ... Carol Waller, 208 720 3965, kc.waller(at)cox(dot)net ... Zions Bank is back to present the Gem State Award, given to an Idaho filmmaker whose film best reflects the beauty and diversity of Idaho -The Gem State ... This year’s Festival sponsors include Lionsgate, Nat Geo Wild, Alaska Airlines, Zions Bank, Idaho Film Office, Idaho Tourism, and Sun Valley Resort ... Idaho Division of Tourism ... ....(size: 3.9Kb)
The Charlotte Observer
08 Dec 2012
EAST LANSING, Mich ... So was that pure emotion or calculated motivation? ... "He's been around this program a long time so he knows it better than we do ... "Where do we put them? More like the Boise (State) team that executes, that runs good stuff.". A 74-70 escape of the Broncos in November, with Gary Harris missing all but the first 30 seconds with a shoulder sprain, looked more impressive after Boise State won, 83-70, at then-No ... ....(size: 2.9Kb)
Sacramento Bee
08 Dec 2012
EAST LANSING, Mich ... So was that pure emotion or calculated motivation? ... "He's been around this program a long time so he knows it better than we do ... "Where do we put them? More like the Boise (State) team that executes, that runs good stuff.". A 74-70 escape of the Broncos in November, with Gary Harris missing all but the first 30 seconds with a shoulder sprain, looked more impressive after Boise State won, 83-70, at then-No....(size: 2.9Kb)
The News & Observer
08 Dec 2012
Email Print Order Reprint Share This. Text. tool name. tool goes here. By JOE REXRODE - Detroit Free Press. By JOE REXRODE Detroit Free Press. EAST LANSING, Mich ... "Where do we put them? More like the Boise (State) team that executes, that runs good stuff.". A 74-70 escape of the Broncos in November, with Gary Harris missing all but the first 30 seconds with a shoulder sprain, looked more impressive after Boise State won, 83-70, at then-No ... ....(size: 12.1Kb)
Seattle Times
08 Dec 2012
Two matchups of high-powered girls basketball teams and six interesting boys battles are scheduled Saturday in the Les Schwab Preview at Highline Community College ... Other boys games ... Lake Stevens' girls are powered by senior twins Brooke and Brittney Pahukoa, who will play together at Boise State next season ... ....(size: 1.4Kb)
The Examiner
08 Dec 2012
There are mere hours left to vote for the 2012 all-stars and MVP for the states of Washington, Idaho, Montana and Alaska along with the province of British Columbia. And in these final hours, I decided I would post a list of everyone who has garnered at least one Most Valuable Player vote up to this writing ... Washington. Carmen Getsome. On'da Sligh. Anya Heels. Herbaroar. Enurgizer Bunny. Hollywood (Apple City). Chewbeca. Lex Celerator ... Idaho ... ....(size: 3.5Kb)
"Boise" redirects here. For other uses, see Boise (disambiguation).
| City of Boise | |||
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| — City — | |||
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| Nickname(s): The City of Trees | |||
Motto: Energy Peril Success
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 City of Boise
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| Coordinates: 43°36′49″N 116°12′12″W / 43.61361°N 116.20333°W / 43.61361; -116.20333 | |||
| Country | United States | ||
| State | Idaho | ||
| County | Ada | ||
| Founded | 1863 | ||
| Incorporated | 1864 | ||
| Government | |||
| • Type | strong-mayor | ||
| • Body | Boise City Council | ||
| • Mayor | David H. Bieter | ||
| • Council President | Maryanne Jordan | ||
| Area | |||
| • City | 64 sq mi (170 km2) | ||
| • Land | 63.8 sq mi (165 km2) | ||
| • Water | 0.2 sq mi (1 km2) | ||
| Elevation | 2,730 ft (850 m) | ||
| Population (2010)[1] | |||
| • City | 205,671 | ||
| • Density | 3,169.25/sq mi (1,227.8/km2) | ||
| • Metro | 616,561 | ||
| Time zone | Mountain Standard Time (UTC-7) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | Mountain Daylight Time (UTC-6) | ||
| ZIP codes | 83701-83799 | ||
| Area code(s) | 208 | ||
| Website | http://www.cityofboise.org | ||
Boise ( /ˈbɔɪsiː/) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Idaho, as well as the county seat of Ada County. Located on the Boise River, it anchors the Boise City-Nampa metropolitan area and is the largest city between Salt Lake City, Utah and Portland, Oregon.
As of the 2010 Census, Boise's city population was 205,671.[2] The Boise metropolitan area is home to about 616,500 people and is the most populous metropolitan area in Idaho, and the third most populous metropolitan area in the U.S. Pacific Northwest region (behind only the Seattle, WA and Portland, OR metropolitan areas). It is also the 104th largest U.S. city by population.
Contents |
History[link]
The area was called Boise long before the establishment of Fort Boise. The original Fort Boise was 40 miles (64 km) west, near Parma, down the Boise River near its confluence with the Snake River at the Oregon border. This defense was erected by the Hudson's Bay Company in the 1830s. It was abandoned in the 1850s, however massacres along the Oregon Trail prompted the U.S. Army to re-establish a fort in the area in 1863 during the U.S. Civil War. The new location was selected because it was near the intersection of the Oregon Trail with a major road connecting the Boise Basin (Idaho City) and the Owyhee (Silver City) mining areas, both of which were booming. During the mid-1860s, Idaho City was the largest city in the Northwest, and as a staging area, Fort Boise grew rapidly; Boise was incorporated as a city in 1863. The first capital of the Idaho Territory was Lewiston in northern Idaho, which in 1863 was the largest community, exceeding the populations of Olympia and Seattle, Washington Territory and Portland, Oregon combined. The original territory was larger than Texas. But following the creation of Montana Territory, Boise was made the territorial capital of a much reduced Idaho in a controversial decision which overturned a district court ruling by a one-vote majority in the territorial supreme court along geographic lines in 1866.
Designed by Alfred B. Mullett, the U.S. Assay Office at 210 Main Street was built in 1871 and today is a National Historic Landmark.
Geography[link]
Boise is located in western Idaho, about 41 miles (66 km) east of the Oregon border, and 110 miles (177 km) north of the Nevada border. The downtown sits at 2,704 feet (824 m) above sea level.
Most of the metropolitan area lies on a broad, flat plain, descending to the west. Mountains rise to the northeast, stretching from the far southeastern tip of the Boise city limits to nearby Eagle. These mountains are known to locals as the Boise foothills and are sometimes described as the foothills of the Rocky Mountains. About 34 miles (55 km) southwest of Boise, and about 26 miles (42 km) southwest of Nampa, the Owyhee Mountains lie entirely in neighboring Owyhee County.
According to the census bureau, the city has an area of 64.0 square miles (166 km2), with 63.8 square miles (165 km2) of land and 0.2 square miles (0.52 km2) (0.33%) of water. The city is drained by the Boise River.
Climate[link]
Boise has a semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSk), with four distinct seasons. Boise experiences hot and dry summers with highs exceeding 100 °F (38 °C) 5.6 days in a typical year and 90 °F (32 °C) on 46 days.[3] Yet because of the aridity, even summer nights often offer significant and crisp cool-downs. Winters are cold, with a January average of 30.2 °F (−1.0 °C), and lows falling to 0 °F (−18 °C) or below on around 4 nights per year.[3] Snowfall averages 19 inches (48 cm), but typically falls in bouts of 3 inches (8 cm) or less.[3] Spring and fall are mild. Autumn is brief; spring is gradual. Precipitation is usually infrequent and light, especially so during the summer months. Extremes have ranged from −25 °F (−32 °C) on December 22, 1990 to 111 °F (44 °C), recorded July 19, 1960.[4]
| Climate data for Boise, Idaho (Boise Airport), 1981-2010 normals | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 63 (17) |
70 (21) |
81 (27) |
92 (33) |
100 (38) |
109 (43) |
111 (44) |
110 (43) |
102 (39) |
94 (34) |
78 (26) |
70 (21) |
111 (44) |
| Average high °F (°C) | 37.8 (3.2) |
44.7 (7.1) |
54.6 (12.6) |
62.3 (16.8) |
71.6 (22.0) |
81.3 (27.4) |
91.2 (32.9) |
89.7 (32.1) |
78.8 (26.0) |
64.8 (18.2) |
48.2 (9.0) |
37.5 (3.1) |
63.54 (17.52) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 23.7 (−4.6) |
27.3 (−2.6) |
33.4 (0.8) |
38.3 (3.5) |
45.5 (7.5) |
52.7 (11.5) |
59.4 (15.2) |
58.6 (14.8) |
50.0 (10.0) |
39.8 (4.3) |
30.9 (−0.6) |
23.0 (−5.0) |
40.22 (4.56) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −17 (−27) |
−15 (−26) |
6 (−14) |
19 (−7) |
22 (−6) |
31 (−1) |
35 (2) |
34 (1) |
23 (−5) |
11 (−12) |
−3 (−19) |
−25 (−32) |
−25 (−32) |
| Precipitation inches (mm) | 1.24 (31.5) |
0.99 (25.1) |
1.39 (35.3) |
1.22 (31) |
1.39 (35.3) |
0.68 (17.3) |
0.33 (8.4) |
0.24 (6.1) |
0.58 (14.7) |
0.75 (19.1) |
1.35 (34.3) |
1.55 (39.4) |
11.71 (297.4) |
| Snowfall inches (cm) | 4.9 (12.4) |
3.0 (7.6) |
1.3 (3.3) |
0.2 (0.5) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.1 (0.3) |
2.6 (6.6) |
6.9 (17.5) |
19.1 (48.5) |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 10.5 | 9.0 | 10.0 | 8.8 | 7.7 | 5.0 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 3.7 | 5.5 | 10.6 | 11.8 | 87.6 |
| Avg. snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 5.3 | 3.4 | 1.7 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 2.7 | 5.8 | 19.4 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 108.5 | 152.6 | 238.7 | 282.0 | 334.8 | 351.0 | 399.9 | 359.6 | 303.0 | 238.7 | 120.0 | 105.4 | 2,994.2 |
| Source no. 1: Weather Channel [4] | |||||||||||||
| Source no. 2: NOAA [5] HKO [6] | |||||||||||||
Name[link]
Etymology[link]
Accounts differ about the origin of the name. One account credits Capt. B.L.E. Bonneville of the U.S. Army as its source. After trekking for weeks through dry and rough terrain, his exploration party reached an overlook with a view of the Boise River Valley. The place where they stood is called Bonneville Point, located on the Oregon Trail east of the city. According to the story, a French-speaking guide, overwhelmed by the sight of the verdant river, yelled "Les bois! Les bois!" ("The trees! The trees!")—and the name stuck.
The name may instead derive from earlier mountain men, who named the river that flows through it. In the 1820s, French Canadian fur trappers set trap lines in the vicinity. Set in a high-desert area, the tree-lined valley of the Boise River became a distinct landmark. They called this "La rivière boisée", which means "the wooded river."[7]
Pronunciation[link]
Natives, and those who have lived in the area for a long time, use the pronunciation /ˈbɔɪsiː/ (BOY-see). This is the pronunciation given on the city's website.[8] The pronunciation is sometimes used as a shibboleth by native Boiseans and other longtime residents, as outsiders tend to pronounce the city's name as /ˈbɔɪziː/ (BOY-zee).[9]
Parts of the city[link]
Boise occupies a large area — 64 sq mi (170 km2) according to the United States Census Bureau. Like all major cities, it is divided into several neighborhoods. These include the Bench, the North End, West Boise and Downtown, among others.
Downtown Boise[link]
Downtown Boise is Boise's cultural center and home to many small businesses and several high-rises. The area has a variety of shopping and dining choices. Centrally, 8th Street contains a pedestrian zone with sidewalk cafes and restaurants. The neighborhood is home to many local restaurants, bars and boutiques and supports a vibrant nightlife. The area contains the Basque Block, which gives visitors a chance to learn and enjoy Boise's Basque heritage. Downtown Boise's main attractions include the Idaho State Capitol, the classic Egyptian Theatre on the corner of Capitol Boulevard and Main Street, the Boise Art Museum[10] on Capitol in front of Julia Davis Park, and Zoo Boise located on the grounds of Julia Davis Park.[11]
Downtown Boise's economy was threatened in the late 1990s by extensive growth around the Boise Towne Square Mall[12] (away from the city center) and an increasing number of shopping centers, which have sprung up around new housing developments. Events such as Alive after Five[13] and First Thursday[14] were created to combat this trend.
Boise State University[link]
To the southwest of downtown Boise is Boise State University and its surrounding environs. The area is dominated by residential neighborhoods and businesses catering to the student population. The unique blue playing field at the 36,800-seat Bronco Stadium on the BSU campus, home to the Boise State Broncos football team, is a major city landmark. Other cultural and sports centers in the area include the Velma V. Morrison Center for the Performing Arts and Taco Bell Arena. Broadway Avenue to the east and south of the BSU campus features many college-themed bars and restaurants.
The North End[link]
The North End, generally defined as the part of Boise north of State Street, contains many of the city's older homes. It is known for its tree-lined drives such as Harrison Boulevard, and for its quiet neighborhoods near the downtown area. Downtown Boise is visible from Camel's Back Park.[15] On 13th Street, Hyde Park[16] is home to restaurants and other businesses. The North End also hosts events such as the annual Hyde Park Street Fair. In 2008, the American Planning Association (APA) designated Boise's North End one of 10 Great Neighborhoods.[17]
Southwest Boise[link]
Southwest Boise contains sparsely populated neighborhoods built from the 1960s to the early 1980s. Many include acre-sized plots and the occasional farmhouse and pasture. In the 1980s, growth in the area was stunted to prevent urban sprawl. Since this has been lifted, there has been widespread growth of new homes and neighborhoods. The area lies near Interstate 84, theaters, shopping, the airport, golf and the Boise Bench area.
Northwest Boise[link]
Northwest Boise lies against the Boise Foothills to the north, State Street to the south, the city of Eagle to the west, and downtown Boise to the east. It contains a mix of old and new neighborhoods, including Lakeharbor, which features the private Silver Lake, a reclaimed quarry. Northwest Boise has some pockets of older homes with a similar aesthetic to the North End. Downtown is minutes away, as is Veteran's Memorial Park[18] and easy access to the Boise Greenbelt. Across the river sits the Boise Bench and to the west is fast access to the bedroom communities of Eagle, Star, and Middleton.
Warm Springs[link]
Warm Springs is centered on the tree-lined Warm Springs Avenue and contains some of Boise's largest and most expensive homes (many of which were erected by wealthy miners and businessmen around the turn of the 20th century; Victorian styles feature prominently). The area gets its name from the natural hot springs that flow from Boise's fault line and warm many of the homes in the area. The Natotorium public swim center is located here.
East End[link]
The far-east end of Warm Springs was once known as Barber Town, featuring a hotel with hot springs nestled into the foothills. It now has some new residential developments, with easy access to Highway 21, which leads to the south-central Idaho mountains, the Boise River, the Boise Foothills, and the Idaho Shakespeare Festival.
Southeast Boise[link]
Southeast Boise spans from Boise State University to Micron Technology – all areas between Federal Way and the Boise River. The older area just south of the University can be described as a cross between the North End and the Boise bench. The rest of Southeast Boise was developed in the last thirty years with suburban-style homes. Unlike the typical flat suburban sprawl, residents of Southeast Boise are reminded of their city's natural beauty as they catch a close view of Table Rock, or drive along the winding Parkcenter Boulevard along the Boise River. Many people consider this end of Boise a hidden gem as just about everything is about 15 minutes from home: the river, greenbelt, the mountains, lakes, snow, high-mountain desert, and more.
Columbia Village subdivision and the older Oregon Trail Heights were the first major planned communities in Southeast Boise with an elementary and middle school all within walking distance from all homes. The subdivision is located at the intersections of Interstate 84, Idaho 21, and Federal Way (former U.S. Highway), which are all major arteries to get anywhere in Boise. The subdivision, a baseball complex, and swimming pools were developed around the Simplot Sports complex, which has a stunning view of the valley. The fields are built over an old landfill and dump, and the fields and gravel parking lot allow radon gases to escape through the ground. Columbia Village Homes are not built over the dump.
TrailWind Elementary School, built in 1997, is in the middle of the subdivision and is the largest population elementary school in the Boise School District. Les Bois Junior High is also located in the center of the subdivision, having relocated from its previous home at Apple and Boise Avenue. After an upgrade and expansion, the former junior high became Timberline High School.
Surprise Valley is another large subdivision located on the bench above the river. Its homes are much higher end than the Columbia Village and Oregon Trail Heights subdivisions. Two churches are located within its borders: Trinity Presbyterian, which relocated in 2002 from its location on Apple Street, and Eastwind Fellowship.
On August 25, 2008 at about 7:00 pm, a fire started near Amity and Holcomb during a major windstorm. It destroyed 10 houses and damaged 9. Boise State University linguistics professor Mary Ellen Ryder lost her life in the fire.[19]
Boise Bench[link]
The Bench, generally bounded by Federal Way to the east, Cole Road to the west and Garden City to the north, sits on an elevation approximately 60 feet (18 m) higher than downtown Boise to its northeast. Orchard Street is a major north-south thoroughfare in the neighborhood. The Bench is so named because this sudden rise, giving the appearance of a step, or bench. The Bench (or Benches, there are three actual benches in the Boise Valley) was created as an ancient shoreline to the old river channel. The Bench is home to the Boise Union Pacific Depot and older residential neighborhoods similar to those in the North End. Due south of the Bench is the Boise Airport.[20]
West Boise[link]
West Boise is home to Boise Towne Square Mall, the largest in the state, as well as numerous restaurants, strip malls, and residential developments ranging from new subdivisions to apartment complexes. The Ada County jail and Hewlett Packard's printing division are also located here. It is relatively the flattest section of Boise, with sweeping views of the Boise Front. West Boise also borders the city of Meridian, Idaho.
Demographics[link]
| Historical populations | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1880 | 1,899 |
|
|
| 1890 | 2,311 | 21.7% | |
| 1900 | 5,957 | 157.8% | |
| 1910 | 17,358 | 191.4% | |
| 1920 | 21,393 | 23.2% | |
| 1930 | 21,544 | 0.7% | |
| 1940 | 26,130 | 21.3% | |
| 1950 | 34,393 | 31.6% | |
| 1960 | 34,481 | 0.3% | |
| 1970 | 74,990 | 117.5% | |
| 1980 | 102,249 | 36.4% | |
| 1990 | 125,738 | 23.0% | |
| 2000 | 185,787 | 47.8% | |
| 2010 | 205,671 | 10.7% | |
| source:[21][22] | |||
As of the census of 2010,[23] there were 198,638 people and 77,850 households residing in the city. The population density was 2,913.1 per square mile (1,124.7/km²). The ethnic makeup of the city included:
- 91.5% White
- 6.9% Hispanic or Latino
- 3.0% Asian
- 1.3% Black
- 0.1% Indigenous American
- 2.3% Multiracial
Crime[link]
Overall, Boise is a safe city. Violent crimes have dropped from 775 incidences in 2006 to 586 in 2007, murders however increased from one in 2004 to nine in 2007. In 2007, there were 3,211 crimes per 100,000 residents.[24]
Economy[link]
Boise is the headquarters for several major companies, such as Boise Cascade LLC, New Albertsons Inc., Albertsons LLC, J.R. Simplot Company, Idaho Pacific Lumber Company, Idaho Timber, WinCo Foods, Bodybuilding.com, and Clearwater Analytics. Other major industries are headquartered in Boise or have large manufacturing facilities present. The state government is also one of the city's largest employers.
The area's largest private employer[25] publicly traded and headquartered company in Boise is Micron Technology (NYSE: MU). Others include IDACORP, Inc. (NYSE: IDA), the parent company of Idaho Power, Idaho Bancorp (NYSE: IDA), Boise, Inc. (NYSE: BZ), American Ecology Corp. (NASDAQ: ECOL), PCS Edventures.com Inc. (NASDAQ: PCSV) and Syringa Bancorp.
Technology investment and the high-tech industry have become increasingly important to the city, with businesses including Hewlett Packard, Healthwise, Bodybuilding.com, Crucial.com, ClickBank, MobileDataForce, MarkMonitor, Sybase, Balihoo.com, Intracon NA, Wire-stone.com and Microsoft. The call center industry is also a major source of employment; there are over 20 call centers in the city employing more than 7,000 people, including WDSGlobal, EDS, Teleperformance, DIRECTV and T-Mobile.[26]
Varney Air Service, founded by Walter Varney, was formed in Boise, though headquartered at Pasco, Washington. The original airmail contract was from Pasco to Elko, Nevada with stops in Boise in both directions. The company is the root of present day United Airlines, which still serves the city at the newly renovated and upgraded Boise Airport.
Panoramas[link]
Education[link]
The Boise School District includes 31 elementary schools, 8 junior high schools, 5 high schools and 2 specialty schools. Part of the Meridian School District (the largest district in Idaho) overlaps into Boise city limits, and the city is therefore home to six public high schools: Boise High School, Borah High School, Capital High School, Timberline High School as well as Meridian School District's Centennial High School and the alternative Frank Church High School. Boise's private schools include the Catholic Bishop Kelly High School, Foothills School of Arts and Sciences and the International Baccalaureate-accredited Riverstone International School.
Post-secondary educational options in Boise include Boise State University as well as a wide range of technical schools. University of Idaho (UI) and Idaho State University each maintain a satellite campus in Boise. As of 2009, the city did not have any law schools.[27] UI plans to open a third-year law program in 2010 and Concordia University plans to open the Concordia University School of Law in 2011 in the city.[27] Boise is home to Boise Bible College, an undergraduate degree-granting college that exists to train leaders for churches as well as missionaries for the world.
Culture[link]
Numbering about 15,000, Boise's ethnic Basque community is the largest such community in the United States and the fifth largest in the world outside Mexico, Argentina, Chile and the Basque Country in Spain and France.[28] A large Basque festival known as Jaialdi is held once every five years (next in 2015). Downtown Boise features a vibrant section known as the "Basque Block". Boise's mayor, David H. Bieter, is of Basque descent. Boise is also a sister region of the Basque communities.
Boise is also a regional hub for jazz, theater, and indie music. The Gene Harris Jazz Festival is hosted in Boise each spring. Several theater groups operate in the city, including the Idaho Shakespeare Festival, Boise Little Theatre, Boise Contemporary Theater, and Prairie Dog Productions. The Treefort Music Fest in early March features emerging bands.
On the first Thursday of each month, a gallery stroll known as First Thursday is hosted in the city's core business district by the Downtown Boise Association. The city also has the Egyptian Theatre as a renovated venue. In the fall, Downtown Boise hosts a film festival called Idaho International Film Festival. The city is also home to several museums, including the Boise Art Museum, Idaho Historical Museum, the Basque Museum and Cultural Center, Idaho Black History Museum, Boise WaterShed and the Discovery Center of Idaho.
Boise also has a thriving performing arts community. The Boise Philharmonic,[29] now in its 49th season, under the leadership of Music Director and Conductor Robert Franz continues to grow musically, and introduces excellent guest artists and composers year after year. The dance community is represented by the resurgent Ballet Idaho[30] under artistic director Peter Anastos, and the nationally known and critically acclaimed[31] Trey McIntyre Project[32] also make their home in Boise. Rounding out the classical performing arts is Opera Idaho,[33] under the direction of Mark Junkert, which brings grand Opera to various venues throughout the Treasure Valley.
The Boise Centre on the Grove is an 85,000-square-foot (7,900 m2) convention center that hosts a variety of events, including international, national, and regional conventions, conferences, banquets, and consumer shows. It is located in the heart of downtown Boise and borders the Grove Plaza, which hosts numerous outdoor functions throughout the year.
The Morrison-Knudsen Nature Center offers water features and wildlife experiences just east of downtown. It is located adjacent to Municipal Park.[34] It features live fish and wildlife exhibits, viewing areas into the water, bird and butterfly gardens, waterfalls and a free visitor's center.
Boise has diverse and vibrant religious communities. The Jewish community's Ahavath Beth Israel Temple, completed 1896, is the nation's oldest continually used temple west of the Mississippi. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints dedicated a temple there in 1984 and the Boise Hare Krishna Temple opened in August 1999.[35]
Boise (along with Valley and Boise Counties) hosted the 2009 Special Olympics World Winter Games. More than 2,500 athletes from over 85 countries participated.[36]
Sports[link]
| Club | League | Sport | Venue | Established | Championships |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boise Hawks | Northwest League | Baseball | Memorial Stadium | 1987 | 6 |
| Idaho Steelheads | ECHL | Ice hockey | CenturyLink Arena | 1996 | 2 |
| Boise State University |
NCAA - MWC | Football / Basketball |
Bronco Stadium / Taco Bell Arena |
1932 | 6 |
| Idaho Stampede | D-League | Basketball | CenturyLink Arena | 1997 | 1 |
Major attractions[link]
A number of recreational opportunities are available in Boise, including extensive hiking and biking in the foothills to the immediate north of downtown. Much of this trail network is part of Hull's Gulch and can be accessed by 8th street. An extensive urban trail system called the Boise River Greenbelt runs along the river. The Boise River itself is a common destination for fishing, swimming and rafting.
In Julia Davis Park is Zoo Boise, which has over 200 animals representing over 80 species from around the world. An Africa exhibit, completed in 2008, is the most recent addition.[37]
The Bogus Basin ski area opened in 1942 and hosts multiple winter activities, primarily alpine skiing and snowboarding, but also cross-country skiing and snow tubing. "Bogus" is 16 miles (26 km) from the city limits (less than an hour drive from downtown) on a twisty paved road which climbs 3400 vertical feet (1036 m) through sagebrush and forest.
Professional sports teams in Boise include the Boise Hawks of the short-season Class A Northwest League (minor league baseball), the Idaho Steelheads of the ECHL (minor league hockey), the Idaho Stampede of the NBA Development League (minor league basketball), and the Treasure Valley Spartans (semi-pro football) of the (Rocky Mountain Football League). An arenafootball2 franchise, the Boise Burn, began play in 2007 but is now defunct.
On the sports entertainment front, Boise is home to an all-female, DIY, flat track roller derby league, the Treasure Valley Rollergirls, which on Labor Day Weekend 2010 hosted an international, two-day, double elimination tournament, the first Spudtown Knockdown,[38][39] featuring eight teams from throughout the American West and Canada.[40][41]
The Boise State University campus is home to Velma V. Morrison Center for the Performing Arts, which hosts local and national fine arts performances; Bronco Stadium, the 32,000 seat football and track stadium known for its blue Field Turf field; and Taco Bell Arena, a 12,000 seat basketball and entertainment venue which opened in 1982 as the BSU Pavilion. Boise State University is known primarily for the recent successes of its football team, although it is also a fairly well regarded commuter school for undergraduate students.
The Famous Idaho Potato Bowl football game (formerly known as the Humanitarian Bowl and the MPC Computers Bowl) is held in late December each year, and pairs a team from the Western Athletic Conference with a Mid-American Conference team.
The World Center for Birds of Prey is located just outside city limits, and is a key part of the re-establishment of the Peregrine Falcon and the subsequent removal from the Endangered Species list. The center is currently breeding the very rare California condor, among many other rare and endangered species.
The city has been cited by publications like Forbes, Fortune and Sunset for its quality of life.
The cornerstone mall in Boise, Boise Towne Square Mall, is also a major shopping attraction for Boise, Nampa, Caldwell, and surrounding areas. The mall received upgrades and added several new retailers in 1998 and 2006.
The state's largest giant sequoia can be found near St. Luke's Hospital.[42]
Media[link]
Main article: Media in Boise, Idaho
The greater-Boise area is served by two daily newspapers, The Idaho Statesman and the Idaho Press-Tribune, a free alternative newsweekly, Boise Weekly, a weekly business news publication Idaho Business Review, and a quarterly lifestyle magazine, Boise Magazine. In addition to numerous radio stations, Boise has five major commercial television stations that serve the greater Boise area. There are four major news outlets, KTVB, KBOI-TV KIVI-TV, and Idaho Public Television.
Transportation[link]
The major Interstate serving Boise is I-84, which connects Boise with Portland, Oregon, and Salt Lake City, Utah. In addition, residents in the Boise area are served with Interstate 184 (locally known as "The Connector"), a nearly five mile stretch of freeway connecting I-84 with the downtown Boise area. Highway 55 branches outward northeast. There is a network of bike paths, such as the Boise River Greenbelt, throughout the city and surrounding region. Among US cites, Boise has the seventh highest amount of bicycle commuters per capita with 3.9% of commuters riding to work. This is commonly attributed to students and faculty of Boise State University, the largest center for higher learning in the state.[43]
Public transportation includes a series of bus lines operated by ValleyRide. In addition, the Downtown Circulator, a proposed streetcar system, is in its planning stage.[44]
Commercial air service is provided at the Boise Airport, recently renovated to accommodate the growing number of passengers flying in and out of Boise. It is served by Delta Air Lines, US Airways, United Airlines, Frontier Airlines, Horizon Air, and Southwest Airlines. The east end of the airport is home to the National Interagency Fire Center.
Awards[link]
Boise frequently receives national recognition for its quality of life and business climate. Some recent national rankings:
- Best Towns 2010: #1 Overall Town in Western U.S. (Outside Magazine) [45]
- Top Ten Cities to Live In: #10 [46]
- One of the Best Places to Live in 2009:[47]
- Best places for business and careers: # 2 (Forbes Magazine, 2008)[48]
- Urban environment report card: # 6 (Earth Day Network, 2007)[49][50]
- Most secure places to live (500,000 or more residents): # 1 (Farmers Insurance 2006)[53]
In Popular Culture[link]
- Boise is mentioned in the song "What's Your Name" by Lynyrd Skynyrd.
- In the song "I Can't Stand L.A." by Bowling for Soup, Boise is included along with a list of other cities.
- In the song "April 26, 1992" by Sublime, Boise is included in a list of American cities in which riots are occurring.
Notable residents[link]
- Robert Adler, inventor
- William Agee, businessman
- Joe Albertson, businessman
- Cecil Andrus, Idaho's only 4-term governor, secretary of the interior
- James Jesus Angleton, former chief of the CIA counter-intelligence staff
- Kristin Armstrong, cycling gold medalist
- Bill Buckner, former Major League Baseball player
- John P. Cassidy, Los Angeles City Council member, 1962–67, born in Boise
- John Sanford Cole, Navy Cross recipient
- Heather Cox, sportscaster
- Frank Church, U.S. senator, Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee
- John M. Haines, mayor and governor
- Mark Gregory Hambley, ambassador
- Gene Harris, jazz musician
- Michael Hoffman, movie director
- Howard W. Hunter, religious leader
- Eilen Jewell, Singer-songwriter and band leader.
- Scott Jorgensen, Mixed Martial Artist
- Dirk Kempthorne, mayor, governor, senator, and secretary of the interior
- George Kennedy, actor
- Mark Levine, jazz musician and educator
- Doug Martsch, musician and songwriter
- Bonnie McCarroll, rodeo performer
- Brett Nelson, musician and songwriter
- Reginald Owen, character actor
- Thom Pace, musician and songwriter
- William Petersen, television actor
- Jeret Peterson, Olympic Silver Medalist, 2010 Winter Olympics, Freestyle Skiing
- Jake Plummer, football quarterback
- Paul Revere, musician
- Brian Scott, auto racer
- Jeremy Shada, voice actor (Adventure Time)
- Frank Shrontz, businessman
- J.R. Simplot, businessman
- Robert Smylie, governor
- Gary Stevens, jockey
- Curtis Stigers, musician and songwriter
- Kristine Sutherland, television actress
- Wayne Walker, football linebacker and broadcaster
- Viola S. Wendt, poet
- Torrie Wilson, model, entertainer and professional wrestler
- Youth Lagoon, indie band, Trevor Powers
Photo gallery[link]
-
Downtown in 2006
-
Bird's-eye view in 2010
-
City Christmas Tree In Front of the Capitol Building in 2010
References[link]
- ^ "Boise City, Idaho". http://2010.census.gov/news/releases/operations/cb11-cn78.html.
- ^ Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places in Idaho, Listed Alphabetically: April 1, 2000 to April 1, 2010
- ^ a b c "NCDC: U.S. Climate Normals". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. http://cdo.ncdc.noaa.gov/climatenormals/clim20/id/101022.pdf. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
- ^ a b "Average Weather for Boise, Idaho - Temperature and Precipitation". The Weather Channel. http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USID0025?from=36hr_bottomnav_undeclared. Retrieved 2009-09-24.
- ^ "NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. http://www.nws.noaa.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=boi. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- ^ "Climatological Normals of Boise". Hong Kong Observatory. http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/n_america/us/boise_e.htm. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
- ^ IdahoHistory.net
- ^ About Boise
- ^ O'Mara, Maggie. BLOG: Boise or Boize? Get it right people... PLEASE., KTVB.com, September 18, 2009. (accessed 18 February 2012)
- ^ [1]
- ^ [2]
- ^ Boise Towne Square Archived October 28, 2005 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Downtown Boise Association - Alive After Five
- ^ Downtown Boise Association - First Thursday
- ^ City of Boise - Parks - Home Page[dead link]
- ^ Northend.org
- ^ Great Places in America
- ^ City of Boise - Parks - Home Page[dead link]
- ^ Bilbao, Ysabel (August 15, 2009). "Loose electrical connection blamed for Boise fire". Northwest Cable News. http://www.nwcn.com/archive/61465767.html. Retrieved 18 July 2011.
- ^ http://www.cityofboise.org/transportation/airport/[dead link]
- ^ Moffatt, Riley. Population History of Western U.S. Cities & Towns, 1850-1990. Lanham: Scarecrow, 1996, 90.
- ^ "Subcounty population estimates: Idaho 2000-2007" (CSV). United States Census Bureau, Population Division. 2009-03-18. http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/files/SUB-EST2007-16.csv. Retrieved 2009-05-03.
- ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ http://www.cityofboise.org/Departments/Police/CityNeighborhoodCrimeStatsAndMaps/ViolentCrimesCharts.pdf
- ^ "Growth drives a hot economy". Idaho Statesman. 25 November 2006. http://www.idahostatesman.com/281/story/55810.html. Retrieved 2007-08-15. [dead link][dead link]
- ^ "Call-center industry rises here". Spokane Journal of Business. 12 January 2001. http://www.spokanejournal.com/index.php?id=article&sub=147&keyword=. Retrieved 2007-08-15.
- ^ a b Roberts, Bill (January 16, 2010). "Concordia law school to move into Downtown Boise". Idaho Statesman. http://www.idahostatesman.com/localnews/story/1043594.html. Retrieved 18 January 2010.
- ^ [3][dead link]
- ^ Boise Philharmonic
- ^ Ballet Idaho
- ^ Traditions Reimagined, Both Ballet and Basque
- ^ Trey McIntyre Project
- ^ Opera Idaho
- ^ City of Boise - Parks - Home Page[dead link]
- ^ Horan, Tiffany (21 August 1999). Mayor To Open New Boise Temple published in The Idaho Statesman. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
- ^ [4] Archived June 1, 2006 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Zoo Boise Event Details". http://www.zooboise.org/event.aspx?id=1020. Retrieved 2009-02-28.
- ^ Roller derby update: Big in Boise | Culture Vulture | The Salt Lake Tribune
- ^ http://www.ktvb.com/news/local/Spudtown-Knockdown-draws-international-roller-derby-teams-to-Boise-102228089.htm[dead link]
- ^ “SPUD TOWN KNOCKDOWN” Roller Derby Invitational
- ^ Spudtown Knockdown | Rec Extra | Boise Weekly
- ^ Giant sequoia trees in Idaho
- ^ http://census.gov/
- ^ "About the Boise Streetcar". City of Boise. http://boisestreetcar.org/. Retrieved 2009-11-17.
- ^ http://outsideonline.com/travel/travel-ta-idaho-boise-travel-sidwcmdev_150669.html
- ^ Book Ranks Boise 10th Best U.S. City | J. Gelband | Boise | New West Boise
- ^ Best Places to Live 2009 - U.S. News and World Report
- ^ Badenhausen, Kurt (April 5, 2007). "Best Places For Business And Careers". Forbes.com. http://www.filmidaho.org/boiserankednumber2bestplaceforbusinessandcareers.aspx. Retrieved 2007-08-15.
- ^ "Urban Environment Report". Earth Day Network. 2007. http://www.earthday.net/UER/report/id_boise.html. Retrieved 16 August 2007
- ^ "Earth Day Network Releases 2007 Urban Environment Report". Earth Day Network. 22 February 2007. Archived from the original on July 13, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070713144740/http://www.earthday.net/news/02-22-07_release.aspx. Retrieved 2007-08-16. [dead link]
- ^ "Boomtowns 2007 (article)". Inc.com. May 2007. http://www.inc.com/magazine/20070501/features-boomtowns-07-intro.html. Retrieved 2007-08-18.
- ^ "Boomtowns 2007 (list)". Inc.com. May 2007. http://www.inc.com/bestcities/best.html?size=2&year=2007. Retrieved 2007-08-18.
- ^ "Third Annual Farmers Insurance Study Ranks Most Secure U.S. Places to Live". Farmers Insurance Group. 6 December 2006. http://www.farmers.com/FarmComm/WebSite/html/media_center/Dec_06_06.html. Retrieved 2007-08-18.
- ^ bta.idaho.gov/pdf/decisions/2007/StMichaels2002.pdf
Further reading[link]
- MacGibbon, Elma (1904). Leaves of knowledge. Shaw & Borden Co. Available online through the Washington State Library's Classics in Washington History collection Elma MacGibbons reminiscences of her travels in the United States starting in 1898, which were mainly in Oregon and Washington. Includes chapter "Boise, the capital of Idaho."
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Boise |
- City of Boise
- Boise Convention and Visitors Bureau
- Boise Area Chamber of Commerce
- Boise, the City of Trees
- Boise City Department of Arts & History
Coordinates: 43°36′49″N 116°14′16″W / 43.613739°N 116.237651°W / 43.613739; -116.237651
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boise,_Idaho
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the U.S. state of Idaho. For other uses, see Idaho (disambiguation).
| State of Idaho | |||||
|
|||||
| Nickname(s): Gem State | |||||
| Motto(s): Esto perpetua | |||||
 |
|||||
| Official language(s) | English | ||||
| Demonym | Idahoan | ||||
| Capital (and largest city) |
Boise | ||||
| Largest metro area | Boise metropolitan area | ||||
| Area | Ranked 14th in the U.S. | ||||
| - Total | 83,570 sq mi (216,632 km2) |
||||
| - Width | 305 miles (491 km) | ||||
| - Length | 479 miles (771 km) | ||||
| - % water | 0.98 | ||||
| - Latitude | 42° N to 49° N | ||||
| - Longitude | 111°03′ W to 117°15′ W | ||||
| Population | Ranked 39th in the U.S. | ||||
| - Total | 1,584,985 (2011 est)[1] | ||||
| - Density | 19.2/sq mi (7.40/km2) Ranked 44th in the U.S. |
||||
| Elevation | |||||
| - Highest point | Borah Peak[2][3][4] 12,668 ft (3861.2 m) |
||||
| - Mean | 5,000 ft (1,520 m) | ||||
| - Lowest point | Confluence of Snake River and Clearwater River[3][4] 713 ft (217 m) |
||||
| Before statehood | Idaho Territory | ||||
| Admission to Union | July 3, 1890 (43rd) | ||||
| Governor | C.L. "Butch" Otter (R) | ||||
| Lieutenant Governor | Brad Little (R) | ||||
| Legislature | Idaho Legislature | ||||
| - Upper house | Senate | ||||
| - Lower house | House of Representatives | ||||
| U.S. Senators | Mike Crapo (R) Jim Risch (R) |
||||
| U.S. House delegation | 1-Raúl Labrador (R) 2-Mike Simpson (R) (list) |
||||
| Time zones | |||||
| - north of Salmon River | Pacific: UTC−8/−7 | ||||
| - remainder | Mountain: UTC−7/−6 | ||||
| Abbreviations | ID US-ID | ||||
| Website | www.idaho.gov | ||||
Idaho (i/ˈaɪdəhoʊ/) is a state in the Rocky Mountain area of the United States. Idaho is the 14th most expansive, the 39th most populous, and the 7th least densely populated of the 50 United States. The state's largest city and capital is Boise. Residents are called "Idahoans". Idaho was admitted to the Union on July 3, 1890, as the 43rd state.
Idaho is a mountainous state with an area larger than that of all of New England. It is landlocked, surrounded by the states of Washington, Oregon, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming, Montana and the Canadian province of British Columbia. However, the network of dams and locks on the Columbia River and Snake River make the city of Lewiston the farthest inland seaport on the Pacific coast of the contiguous United States.
Idaho's nickname is the Gem State, because nearly every known type of gemstone has been found there.[5] In addition, Idaho is one of only two places in the world where star garnets can be found (the other is the Himalaya Mountains, in India)[citation needed], and is the only place six-pointed star garnets have been found[citation needed]. Additionally Idaho is sometimes called the Potato State owing to its popular crop. The state motto is Esto Perpetua (Latin for "Let it be forever").
Contents
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Etymology[link]
The exact origin of the name remains a mystery.[6] In the early 1860s, when the United States Congress was considering organizing a new territory in the Rocky Mountains, eccentric lobbyist George M. Willing suggested the name "Idaho," which he claimed was derived from a Shoshone language term meaning "the sun comes from the mountains" or "gem of the mountains". Willing later claimed that he had made up the name himself.[7][8] Congress ultimately decided to name the area Colorado Territory when it was created in February 1861. Thinking they would get a jump on the name, locals named a community in Colorado "Idaho Springs".
However, the name "Idaho" did not go away. The same year Congress created Colorado Territory, a county called Idaho County was created in eastern Washington Territory. The county was named after a steamship named Idaho, which was launched on the Columbia River in 1860. It is unclear whether the steamship was named before or after Willing's claim was revealed. Regardless, a portion of Washington Territory, including Idaho County, was used to create Idaho Territory in 1863.
Despite this lack of evidence for the origin of the name, many textbooks well into the 20th century repeated as fact Willing's account that the name "Idaho" derived from the Shoshone term "ee-da-how".
The name "Idaho" may be derived from the Plains Apache word "ídaahę́" which means "enemy." The Comanches used this word to refer to the Idaho Territory.[9]
An excerpt from a 1956 Idaho History Textbook:
- "Idaho" is a Shoshoni Indian exclamation. The word consists of three parts. The first is "Ee", which in English conveys the idea of "coming down". The second is "dah" which is the Shoshoni stem or root for both "sun" and "mountain". The third syllable, "how", denotes the exclamation and stands for the same thing in Shoshoni that the exclamation mark (!) does in the English language. The Shoshoni word is "Ee-dah-how", and the Indian thought thus conveyed when translated into English means, "Behold! the sun coming down the mountain".[10]
Geography[link]
Further information: List of Idaho counties
Idaho borders six states and one Canadian province. The states of Washington and Oregon are to the west, Nevada and Utah are to the south, and Montana and Wyoming are to the east. Idaho also shares a short border with the Canadian province of British Columbia to the north. The landscape is rugged with some of the largest unspoiled natural areas in the United States. For example, at 2.3 million acres (9,300 km²), the Frank Church-River of No Return Wilderness Area is the largest contiguous area of protected wilderness in the continental United States. Idaho is a Rocky Mountain state with abundant natural resources and scenic areas. The state has snow-capped mountain ranges, rapids, vast lakes and steep canyons. The waters of the Snake River rush through Hells Canyon, the deepest gorge in the United States.
Shoshone Falls plunges down rugged cliffs from a height greater than that of Niagara Falls. The major rivers in Idaho are the Snake River, the Clark Fork/Pend Oreille River, the Clearwater River, the Salmon River. Other significant rivers include the Coeur d'Alene River, the Spokane River, the Boise River, and the Payette River. The Salmon River empties into the Snake in Hells Canyon and forms the southern boundary of Nez Perce County on its north shore, of which Lewiston is the county seat. The Port of Lewiston, at the confluence of the Clearwater and the Snake Rivers is the farthest inland seaport on the West Coast at 465 river miles from the Pacific at Astoria, Oregon.[13]
Idaho's highest point is Borah Peak, 12,662 ft (3,859 m), in the Lost River Range north of Mackay. Idaho's lowest point, 710 ft (216 m), is in Lewiston, where the Clearwater River joins the Snake River and continues into Washington. The Sawtooth Range is often considered Idaho's most famous mountain range.[14] Other mountain ranges in Idaho include the Bitterroot Range, the White Cloud Mountains, the Lost River Range, the Clearwater Mountains, and the Salmon River Mountains.
Southern Idaho, including the Boise metropolitan area, Idaho Falls, Pocatello, and Twin Falls are in the Mountain Time Zone. (A legislative oddity (15 U.S.C. ch.6 §264) theoretically placed this region in the Central Time Zone, but this error was corrected with a 2007 Amendment.)[15] Areas north of the Salmon River, including Coeur d'Alene, Moscow, Lewiston, and Sandpoint are in the Pacific Time Zone and revolve commercially and culturally around Washington State through the second largest city, Spokane, Washington.
Climate[link]
Idaho has much variation in its climate. Although the state's western border is located about 350 miles (560 km) from the Pacific Ocean, the maritime influence is still felt in Idaho, especially in the winter when cloud cover, humidity, and precipitation are at their maximum extent. This influence has a moderating effect in the winter where temperatures are not as low as would otherwise be expected for a northern state with a predominantly elevated altitude.[16] The maritime influence is least prominent in the eastern part of the state where the precipitation patterns are often reversed, with wetter summers and drier winters, and seasonal temperature differences more extreme, showing a more semi-arid continental climate.
Climate in Idaho can be hot, although extended periods over 100 °F (38 °C) for the maximum temperature are rare, except for the lowest point in elevation, Lewiston, which correspondingly sees very little snow. Hot summer days are tempered by the low relative humidity and cooler evenings during summer months since, for most of the state, the highest diurnal difference in temperature is often in the summer. Winters can be cold, although extended periods of bitter cold weather below zero are unusual. This is what led the railroad tycoon Harriman family to develop the most famous ski resort, Sun Valley. Idaho's all time highest temperature of 118 °F (48 °C) was recorded at Orofino on July 28, 1934; the all time lowest temperature of −60 °F (−51 °C) was recorded at Island Park Dam on January 18, 1943.
| Monthly Normal High and Low Temperatures For Various Idaho Cities. (F) | ||||||||||||
| City | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boise | 38/24 | 45/27 | 55/33 | 62/38 | 72/46 | 81/53 | 91/59 | 90/59 | 79/50 | 65/40 | 48/31 | 38/23 |
| Lewiston | 42/30 | 47/31 | 55/36 | 62/41 | 71/47 | 79/54 | 89/60 | 89/60 | 78/51 | 63/41 | 48/34 | 40/28 |
| Pocatello | 33/16 | 38/19 | 49/27 | 59/33 | 68/40 | 78/46 | 88/52 | 88/51 | 76/42 | 62/33 | 45/24 | 33/16 |
| [3] | ||||||||||||
Lakes[link]
- Alturas Lake
- Bear Lake (Idaho-Utah)
- Dierkes Lake
- Hayden Lake
- Henry's Lake
- Hidden Lake
- Lake Cascade
- Lake Coeur d'Alene
- Lake Lowell
- Lake Ruvet
- Lake Walcott
- Payette Lake, (McCall)
- Pend Oreille
- Little Redfish Lake
- Lucky Peak Lake
- Pettit Lake
- Priest Lake
- Redfish Lake
- Sawtooth Lake
- Stanley Lake
- Warm Lake
- Williams Lake (Salmon)
History[link]
Main article: History of Idaho
Humans may have been present in the Idaho area as long as 14,500 years ago. Excavations at Wilson Butte Cave near Twin Falls in 1959 revealed evidence of human activity, including arrowheads, that rank among the oldest dated artifacts in North America. American Indian peoples predominant in the area included the Nez Perce in the north and the Northern and Western Shoshone in the south.
An early presence of French-Canadian trappers is visible in names and toponyms that have survived to this day: Nez Percé, Coeur d'Alène, Boisé, Payette, some preexisting the Lewis and Clark and Astorian expeditions which themselves included significant numbers of French and Metis guides recruited for their familiarity with the terrain.
Idaho, as part of the Oregon Country, was claimed by both the United States and Great Britain until the United States gained undisputed jurisdiction in 1846. From 1843 to 1849 present-day Idaho was under the de facto jurisdiction of the Provisional Government of Oregon. When Oregon became a state, what is now Idaho was in what was left of the original Oregon Territory not part of the new state, and designated as the Washington Territory.
Between then and the creation of the Idaho Territory on July 4, 1863 at Lewiston, parts of the present-day state were included in the Oregon, Washington, and Dakota Territories. The new territory included present-day Idaho, Montana, and most of Wyoming. The Lewis and Clark expedition crossed Idaho in 1805 on the way to the Pacific and in 1806 on the return, largely following the Clearwater River both directions. The first non-indigenous settlement was Kullyspell House, established on the shore of Lake Pend Oreille for fur trading in 1809 by David Thompson of the North West Company.[17][18] In 1812 Donald Mackenzie, working for the Pacific Fur Company at the time, established a post on the lower Clearwater River near present-day Lewiston. This post, known as "MacKenzie's Post" or "Clearwater", operated until the Pacific Fur Company was bought out by the North West Company in 1813, after which it was abandoned.[19][20] The first attempts at organized communities, within the present borders of Idaho, were established in 1860.[21][22] The first permanent, substantial incorporated community was Lewiston in 1861.
After some tribulation as a territory, including the illegal and chaotic transfer of the territorial capital from Lewiston in December 1864 to Boise in January 1865, disenfranchisement of Mormon polygamists upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1877,[23] and a federal attempt to split the territory between Washington Territory which gained statehood in 1889, a year before Idaho, and the state of Nevada which had been a state since 1863, Idaho achieved statehood in 1890. The economy of the state, which had been primarily supported by metal mining, shifted towards agriculture, forest products and tourism.
In recent years, Idaho has expanded its commercial base as a tourism and agricultural state to include science and technology industries. Science and technology have become the largest single economic center (over 25% of the state's total revenue) within the state and are greater than agriculture, forestry and mining combined.[24]
The Idaho State Historical Society and numerous local historical societies and museums preserve and promote Idaho’s cultural heritage.
Demographics[link]
| Historical populations | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1870 | 14,999 |
|
|
| 1880 | 32,610 | 117.4% | |
| 1890 | 88,548 | 171.5% | |
| 1900 | 161,772 | 82.7% | |
| 1910 | 325,594 | 101.3% | |
| 1920 | 431,866 | 32.6% | |
| 1930 | 445,032 | 3.0% | |
| 1940 | 524,873 | 17.9% | |
| 1950 | 588,637 | 12.1% | |
| 1960 | 667,191 | 13.3% | |
| 1970 | 712,567 | 6.8% | |
| 1980 | 943,935 | 32.5% | |
| 1990 | 1,006,749 | 6.7% | |
| 2000 | 1,293,953 | 28.5% | |
| 2010 | 1,567,582 | 21.1% | |
| Source: 1910–2010[25] | |||
The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Idaho was 1,584,985 on July 1, 2011, a 1.11% increase since the 2010 United States Census.[1]
At the 2010 Census, 89.1% of the population was White (84.0% non-Hispanic white), 0.6% Black or African American, 1.4% American Indian and Alaska Native, 1.2% Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, and 2.5% of two or more races. 11.2% of Idaho's population was of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin (they may be of any race).[26]
Idaho had an estimated population of 1,429,096 in 2005, which was an increase of 33,956, or 2.4%, from the prior year and an increase of 135,140, or 10.4%, since the year 2000. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 58,884 people (that is 111,131 births minus 52,247 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 75,795 people into the state. There are large numbers of Americans of English and German ancestry in Idaho. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 14,522 people, and migration within the country produced a net increase of 61,273 people.
This made Idaho the sixth fastest-growing state after Arizona, Nevada, Florida, Georgia, and Utah. From 2004 to 2005, Idaho grew the third-fastest, surpassed only by Nevada and Arizona.
Nampa, the state's second largest city, has experienced particularly strong growth in recent years. According to census estimates Nampa has grown 22.1% to nearly 65,000 residents between 2000 and 2003. As of 2007, the population in Nampa was estimated at 84,000. Growth of 5% or more over the same period has also been observed in Caldwell, Coeur d'Alene, Meridian, Post Falls and Twin Falls.[27]
From 1990 to 2010, Idaho's population increased by over 560,000 (55%).
The Boise Metropolitan Area (officially known as the Boise City-Nampa, ID Metropolitan Statistical Area) is Idaho's largest metropolitan area. Other metropolitan areas in order of size are Coeur d'Alene, Idaho Falls, Pocatello and Lewiston.
As of 2006, six official micropolitan statistical areas are based in Idaho. Twin Falls is the largest of these.
The center of population of Idaho is located in Custer County, in the town of Stanley.[28]
The most common reported ancestries in the state are: German (18.9%), English (18.1%), Irish (10%), American (8.4%), Norwegian (3.6%), and Swedish (3.5%).
Religion[link]
According to a report produced by the Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life the self-identified religious affiliations of Idahoans over the age of 18 as of 2008 are:[29]
| Denomination | % |
|---|---|
| Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints | 23 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 22 |
| Catholic | 18 |
| Unaffiliated | 18 |
| Mainline Protestant | 16 |
| Other Faiths | 2 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 1 |
| Eastern Orthodox | < 0.5 |
| Other Christian | < 0.5 |
| Jewish | < 0.5 |
| Muslim | < 0.5 |
| Buddhist | < 0.5 |
| Hindu | < 0.5 |
| Other World | < 0.5 |
| Don't know/refused | < 0.5 |
The largest denominations by number of members in 2000 were The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints with 311,425; (2008: 406,764) the Catholic Church with 130,847; the Assemblies of God with 18,745; and the United Methodist Church with 17,683.[30]
Economy[link]
Gross state product for 2004 was US$43.6 billion. The per capita income for 2004 was US$26,881. Idaho is an important agricultural state, producing nearly one-third of the potatoes grown in the United States. All three varieties of wheat, Dark Northern Spring, Hard Red and Soft White are grown in the state. Nez Perce County is considered a premier Soft White growing locale.
Important industries in Idaho are food processing, lumber and wood products, machinery, chemical products, paper products, electronics manufacturing, silver and other mining, and tourism. The world's largest factory for barrel cheese, the raw product for processed cheese is located in Gooding, Idaho. It has a capacity of 120,000 metric tons per year of barrel cheese and belongs to the Glanbia group.[31] The Idaho National Laboratory (INL), a government lab for nuclear energy research, is also an important part of the eastern Idaho economy. Idaho also is home to three facilities of Anheuser-Busch which provide a large part of the malt for breweries located across the nation.
Locally, a variety of industries are important. Outdoor recreation is a common example ranging from numerous snowmobile and downhill and cross-country ski areas in winter to the evolution of Lewiston as a retirement community based on mild winters, dry year-round climate and one of the lowest median wind velocities anywhere, combined with the rivers for a wide variety of activities. Other examples would be ATK Corporation, which operates three ammunition and ammunition components plants in Lewiston. Two are sporting and one is defense contract. The Lewis-Clark valley has an additional independent ammunition components manufacturer and the Chipmunk rifle factory until it was purchased in 2007 by Keystone Sporting Arms and production was moved to Milton, Pennsylvania. Four of the world's six welded aluminum jet boat (for running river rapids) manufacturers are in the Lewiston-Clarkston, WA valley. Wine grapes were grown between Kendrick and Julietta in the Idaho Panhandle by the French Rothschilds until Prohibition. In keeping with this, while there are no large wineries or breweries in Idaho, there are numerous and growing numbers of award winning boutique wineries and microbreweries in the northern part of the state.
Today, the largest industry in Idaho is the science and technology sector. It accounts for over 25% of the State's total revenue and 70%+ of the State's exports (in dollars). Idaho's industrial economy is growing, with high-tech products leading the way. Since the late 1970s, Boise has emerged as a center for semiconductor manufacturing. Boise is the home of Micron Technology Inc., the only U.S. manufacturer of dynamic random access memory (DRAM) chips. Micron at one time manufactured desktop computers, but with very limited success. Hewlett-Packard has operated a large plant in Boise since the 1970s, which is devoted primarily to LaserJet printers production.[32] ON Semiconductor, whose worldwide headquarters in Pocatello, is a widely recognized innovator in modern integrated mixed-signal semiconductor products, mixed-signal foundry services, and structured digital products. Coldwater Creek, a women's clothing retailer, is headquartered in Sandpoint. Sun Microsystems (now a part of Oracle Corporation) has two offices in Boise and a parts depot in Pocatello. Sun brings $4M in annual salaries and over $300M of revenue to the state each year.
A number of Fortune 500 companies started in or trace their roots to Idaho, including JC Penney (as The Golden Rule) in Twin Falls, Safeway in American Falls, Albertsons in Boise, JR Simplot across southern Idaho, and Potlatch Corp. in Lewiston. Zimmerly Air Transport in Lewiston-Clarkston was one of the five companies in the merger centered around Varney Air Lines of Pasco, Washington, which became United Airlines and subsequently Varney Air Group that became Continental Airlines.
The state personal income tax ranges from 1.6% to 7.8% in eight income brackets. Idahoans may apply for state tax credits for taxes paid to other states, as well as for donations to Idaho state educational entities and some nonprofit youth and rehabilitation facilities.
The state sales tax is 6% with a very limited, selective local option up to 6.5%. Sales tax applies to the sale, rental or lease of tangible personal property and some services. Food is taxed, but prescription drugs are not. Hotel, motel, and campground accommodations are taxed at a higher rate (7% to 11%). Some jurisdictions impose local option sales tax.
Idaho has a state gambling lottery which contributed $333.5 million in payments to all Idaho public schools and Idaho higher education from 1990–2006.[33]
Energy[link]
File:Electricity Generation in Idaho.jpg
Electricity Generation in Idaho
The energy landscape of Idaho is favorable to the development of renewable energy systems. The state is rich in renewable energy resources but has limited fossil fuel resources. The Snake River Plain and smaller river basins provide Idaho with some of the best hydroelectric power resources in the nation and its geologically active mountain areas have significant geothermal power and wind power potential. These realities have shaped much of the state’s current energy landscape.
Most of the energy consumed in Idaho is imported from other states. Imports account for more than 80% of total energy consumption, including all of Idaho's natural gas and petroleum supplies and more than half of its electricity. Of the electricity consumed in Idaho in 2005, 48% came from hydroelectricity, 42% was generated by burning coal and 9% was generated by burning natural gas. The remainder came from other renewable sources such as wind.[34]
The state’s numerous river basins allow hydroelectric power plants to provide 556 thousand MWh, which amounts to about three-fourths of Idaho’s electricity generated in the state. Washington State provides most of the natural gas used in Idaho through one of the two major pipeline systems supplying the state. Although the state relies on out-of-state sources for its entire natural gas supply, it uses natural gas-fired plants to generate 127 thousand MWh, or about ten percent of its output. Coal-fired generation and the state’s small array of wind turbines supplies the remainder of the state’s electricity output. The state produces 739 thousand MWh but still needs to import half of its electricity from out-of-state to meet demand.[35]
While Idaho’s 515 trillion Btu total energy consumption is low compared with other states and represents just 0.5% of United States consumption, the state also has the nation’s 11th smallest population, 1.5 million, so its per capita energy consumption of 352 million Btu is currently just above the national average of 333 million Btu.[35] As the 13th largest state in land area, distance creates the additional problem of "line loss". When the length of an electrical transmission line is doubled, the resistance to an electric current passing through it is also doubled.
In addition, Idaho also has the 6th fastest growing population in the United States with the population expected to increase by 31% from 2008 to 2030.[36] This projected increase in population will contribute to a 42% increase in demand by 2030, further straining Idaho’s finite hydroelectric resources.[37]
Transportation[link]
Main article: List of Idaho State Highways
File:Idaho license plate - passenger baseplate - 2008.jpg
The current state license plate design, modified since its introduction in 1991.
Major highways
Idaho is among the few states in the nation without a major freeway linking the two largest metropolitan areas of Boise in the south and Coeur d'Alene in the north. US 95 links the two ends of the state, but like many other highways in Idaho, it is badly in need of repair and upgrade. In 2007, the Idaho Transportation Department stated that the state's highway infrastructure faces a $200 million per year shortfall in maintenance and upgrades. Interstate 84 is the main highway linking the Southeast and Southwest portions of the state, along with Interstate 86 and Interstate 15.
Major federal aid highways in Idaho:
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.svg){kind=small}
Air Travel[link]
Major airports include the Boise Airport serving the southwest region of Idaho, and the Spokane International Airport (located in Spokane, Washington), which serves northern Idaho. Other airports with scheduled service are the Pullman-Moscow Regional Airport serving the Palouse; the Lewiston-Nez Perce County Airport, serving the Lewis-Clark Valley and north central and west central Idaho; The Magic Valley Regional Airport in Twin Falls; the Idaho Falls Regional Airport; and the Pocatello Regional Airport.
Rail Travel[link]
Idaho is served by two transcontinental railroads. The Burlington Northern Santa Fe (BNSF) connects North Idaho with Seattle, Portland and Spokane to the west, and Minneapolis and Chicago to the east. The BNSF travels through Kootenai, Bonner and Boundary Counties. The Union Pacific Railroad crosses southern Idaho traveling between Portland, Green River, WY, and Ogden, Utah and serves Boise, Nampa, Twin Falls, and Pocatello. Amtrak's Empire Builder crosses northern Idaho, with its only stop being in Sandpoint. There has been a push recently to return Amtrak service to southern Idaho, as well.
Ports[link]
The Port of Lewiston is the farthest inland Pacific port on the west coast. A series of dams and locks on the Snake River and Columbia River facilitate barge travel from Lewiston to Portland, where goods are loaded on ocean-going vessels.
Law and government[link]
State Constitution[link]
The Constitution of Idaho is roughly modeled on the national constitution with several additions. The constitution defines the form and functions of the state government, and may be amended through plebiscite. Notably, the state constitution presently requires the state government to maintain a balanced budget. As result, Idaho has limited debt (construction bonds, etc.).
Idaho Code[link]
All of Idaho's state laws are contained in the Idaho Code. The code is amended through the Legislature with the approval of the Governor. Idaho still operates under its original (1889) state constitution.
State government[link]
The constitution of Idaho provides for three branches of government: the executive, legislative and judicial branches. Idaho has a bicameral legislature, elected from 35 legislative districts, each represented by one senator and two representatives.
Since 1946, statewide elected constitutional officers have been elected to four-year terms. They include: Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State, Controller (Auditor before 1994), Treasurer, Attorney General, and Superintendent of Public Instruction.
Last contested in 1966, Inspector of Mines was an original elected constitutional office. Afterward it was an appointed position and ultimately done away with entirely in 1974.
Idaho's government has an alcohol monopoly.
Executive Branch[link]
Further information: List of Idaho Governors
Further information: Lieutenant Governor of Idaho
Further information: Secretary of State of Idaho
The governor of Idaho serves a four-year term, and is elected during what is nationally referred to as midterm elections. As such, the governor is not elected in the same election year as the president of the United States. The current governor is Republican C. L. "Butch" Otter, who was elected in 2006 and re-elected in 2010.
Legislative Branch[link]
Main article: Idaho Legislature
Idaho's legislature is part-time. However, the session may be extended if necessary, and often is. Because of this, Idaho's legislators are considered "citizen legislators", meaning that their position as a legislator is not their main occupation.
Terms for both the Senate and House of Representatives are two years. Legislative elections occur every even numbered year.
The Idaho Legislature has been continuously controlled by the Republican Party since the late 1950s, although Democratic legislators are routinely elected from Boise, Pocatello, Blaine County and the northern Panhandle.
See also List of Idaho senators and representatives
Judicial Branch[link]
Main article: Courts of Idaho
The highest court in Idaho is the Idaho Supreme Court. There is also an intermediate appellate court, the Idaho Court of Appeals, which hears cases assigned to it from the Supreme Court. The state's District Courts serdistricts.[38]
Counties[link]
Idaho is divided into political jurisdictions designated as counties. Since 1919 there are 44 counties in the state, ranging in size from 410 to 8,502 square miles (1,062 to 22,020 square kilometers).
| County name | County seat | Year founded | Population 2008 Est. | Population Percentage | Area (sq. m.) | Area Percentage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ada | Boise | 1864 | 380,920 | 25.00 % | 1,060 | 1.21 % |
| Adams | Council | 1911 | 3,499 | 00.23 % | 1,370 | 1.57 % |
| Bannock | Pocatello | 1893 | 80,812 | 05.30 % | 1,147 | 1.31 % |
| Bear Lake | Paris | 1893 | 5,798 | 00.38 % | 1,049 | 1.20 % |
| Benewah | St. Maries | 1915 | 9,352 | 00.61 % | 784 | 0.90 % |
| Bingham | Blackfoot | 1885 | 43,903 | 02.88 % | 2,120 | 2.42 % |
| Blaine | Hailey | 1895 | 21,731 | 01.43 % | 2,661 | 3.04 % |
| Boise | Idaho City | 1864 | 7,504 | 00.49 % | 1,907 | 2.18 % |
| Bonner | Sandpoint | 1907 | 41,168 | 02.70 % | 1,920 | 2.19 % |
| Bonneville | Idaho Falls | 1911 | 99,135 | 06.51 % | 1,901 | 2.17 % |
| Boundary | Bonners Ferry | 1915 | 10,962 | 00.72 % | 1,278 | 1.46 % |
| Butte | Arco | 1917 | 2,751 | 00.18 % | 2,234 | 2.55 % |
| Camas | Fairfield | 1917 | 1,126 | 00.07 % | 1,079 | 1.23 % |
| Canyon | Caldwell | 1891 | 183,939 | 12.07 % | 604 | 0.69 % |
| Caribou | Soda Springs | 1919 | 6,826 | 00.45 % | 1,799 | 2.06 % |
| Cassia | Burley | 1879 | 21,348 | 01.40 % | 2,580 | 2.95 % |
| Clark | Dubois | 1919 | 910 | 00.06 % | 1,765 | 2.02 % |
| Clearwater | Orofino | 1911 | 8,176 | 00.54 % | 2,488 | 2.84 % |
| Custer | Challis | 1881 | 4,254 | 00.28 % | 4,937 | 5.64 % |
| Elmore | Mountain Home | 1889 | 28,997 | 01.90 % | 3,101 | 3.54 % |
| Franklin | Preston | 1913 | 12,454 | 00.82 % | 668 | 0.76 % |
| Fremont | St. Anthony | 1893 | 12,551 | 00.82 % | 1,896 | 2.17 % |
| Gem | Emmett | 1915 | 16,513 | 01.08 % | 566 | 0.65 % |
| Gooding | Gooding | 1913 | 14,295 | 00.94 % | 734 | 0.84 % |
| Idaho | Grangeville | 1861/1864 | 15,448 | 01.01 % | 8,502 | 9.71 % |
| Jefferson | Rigby | 1913 | 23,860 | 01.57 % | 1,106 | 1.26 % |
| Jerome | Jerome | 1919 | 20,468 | 01.34 % | 602 | 0.69 % |
| Kootenai | Coeur d'Alene | 1864 | 137,475 | 09.02 % | 1,316 | 1.50 % |
| Latah | Moscow | 1888 | 35,906 | 02.36 % | 1,077 | 1.23 % |
| Lemhi | Salmon | 1869 | 7,808 | 00.51 % | 4,570 | 5.22 % |
| Lewis | Nezperce | 1911 | 3,594 | 00.24 % | 480 | 0.55 % |
| Lincoln | Shoshone | 1895 | 4,503 | 00.30 % | 1,206 | 1.38 % |
| Madison | Rexburg | 1914 | 37,456 | 02.46 % | 473 | 0.54 % |
| Minidoka | Rupert | 1913 | 18,645 | 01.22 % | 763 | 0.87 % |
| Nez Perce | Lewiston | 1861/1864 | 38,975 | 02.56 % | 856 | 0.98 % |
| Oneida | Malad City | 1864 | 4,130 | 00.27 % | 1,202 | 1.37 % |
| Owyhee | Murphy | 1863 | 10,877 | 00.71 % | 7,697 | 8.79 % |
| Payette | Payette | 1917 | 22,966 | 01.51 % | 410 | 0.47 % |
| Power | American Falls | 1913 | 7,683 | 00.50 % | 1,443 | 1.65 % |
| Shoshone | Wallace | 1861/1864 | 12,913 | 00.85 % | 2,636 | 3.01 % |
| Teton | Driggs | 1915 | 8,833 | 00.58 % | 451 | 0.52 % |
| Twin Falls | Twin Falls | 1907 | 74,284 | 04.87 % | 1,928 | 2.20 % |
| Valley | Cascade | 1917 | 8,862 | 00.58 % | 3,734 | 4.27 % |
| Washington | Weiser | 1879 | 10,206 | 00.67 % | 1,474 | 1.68 % |
Total Counties: 44. Total 2008 Population Est.: 1,523,816. Total Area: 87,530 square miles (226,700 km2).
Three counties were first designated as such by the Washington Territorial Legislature in 1861;[39] they were subsequently re-designated as Idaho counties in 1864. The 1861 Nez Perce county has since been broken up into Nez Perce, Lewis, Boundary, Benewah, Latah, Kootenai and Clearwater counties.
Idaho license plates begin with a county designation based on the first letter of the county's name. Where a letter is at the beginning of more than one name, a number accompanies precedingly in alphabetical order. This reflects an anomalous coincidental situation wherein 10 counties begin with B, seven with C and four with L, which is 21 of the 44 counties.
Politics[link]
| Year | Republican | Democratic |
|---|---|---|
| 2008 | 61.5% 403,012 | 36.1% 236,440 |
| 2004 | 68.38% 409,235 | 30.26% 181,098 |
| 2000 | 67.17% 336,937 | 27.64% 138,637 |
| 1996 | 52.18% 256,595 | 33.65% 165,443 |
| 1992 | 42.03% 202,645 | 28.42% 137,013 |
| 1988 | 62.08% 253,881 | 36.01% 147,272 |
| 1984 | 72.36% 297,523 | 26.39% 108,510 |
| 1980 | 66.46% 290,699 | 25.19% 110,192 |
| 1976 | 59.88% 204,151 | 37.12% 126,549 |
| 1972 | 64.24% 199,384 | 26.04% 80,826 |
| 1968 | 56.79% 165,369 | 30.66% 89,273 |
| 1964 | 49.08% 143,557 | 50.92% 148,920 |
| 1960 | 53.78% 161,597 | 46.22% 138,853 |
After the Civil War, many Midwestern and Southern Democrats moved to the Idaho Territory. As a result, the early territorial legislatures were solidly Democrat-controlled. In contrast, most of the territorial governors were appointed by Republican presidents and were Republicans themselves. This led to sometimes-bitter clashes between the two parties, including a range war with the Democrats backing the sheepherders and the Republicans the cattlemen. That ended with the "Diamondfield" Jack Davis murder trial. In the 1880s, Republicans became more prominent in local politics.
Since statehood, the Republican Party has usually been the dominant party in Idaho, as there was a polar shift in social and political stance between the two parties, when the Democrats became more liberal and the Republicans more conservative. At one time, Idaho had two Democratic parties, one being the mainstream and the other called the Anti-Mormon Democrats, lasting into the early 20th century. In the 1890s and early 1900s, the Populist Party enjoyed prominence while the Democratic Party maintained a brief dominance in the 1930s during the Great Depression. Since World War II, most statewide elected officials have been Republicans. The last time the Democratic Party held a majority in either house of the state legislature was the House of Representatives in 1958 by one seat. However, Democrats did hold the governorship from 1971 to 1995, despite the state's Republican tilt.
Idaho Congressional delegations have also been generally Republican since statehood. Several Idaho Democrats have had electoral success in the House over the years, but the Senate delegation has been a Republican stronghold for decades. Several Idaho Republicans, including current Senator Mike Crapo, have won reelection to the Senate, but only Frank Church has won reelection as a Democrat. Church was the last Idaho Democrat to win a U.S. Senate race, in 1974. Walt Minnick's 2008 win in the First Congressional District was the state's first Democratic Congressional victory in 16 years.
In modern times, Idaho has been a reliably Republican state in presidential politics as well. It has not supported a Democrat for president since 1964. Even in that election, Lyndon Johnson defeated Barry Goldwater in the state by fewer than two percentage points, compared to a landslide nationally. In 2004, Republican George W. Bush carried Idaho by a margin of 38 percentage points and with 68.4% of the vote, winning in 43 of 44 counties. Only Blaine County, which contains the Sun Valley ski resort, supported John Kerry, who owns a home in the area. In 2008 Barack Obama's 36.1 percent[40] showing was the best for a Democratic presidential candidate in Idaho since 1976. However, Republican margins were narrower in 1992 and 1996.
In the 2006 elections, Republicans, led by gubernatorial candidate C. L. "Butch" Otter, won all the state's constitutional offices and retained both of the state's seats in the United States House of Representatives. However, Democrats picked up several seats in the Idaho Legislature, notably in the Boise area.[41]
Republicans lost one of the House seats in 2008 to Minnick, but Republican Jim Risch retained Larry Craig's Senate seat for the GOP by a comfortable margin.[42]
Further information: Political party strength in Idaho
Important cities and towns[link]
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Population > 100,000 (urbanized area)
Population > 50,000 (urbanized area)
Population > 30,000 (urbanized area)
Population > 10,000 (urbanized area)
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Smaller Towns and Cities
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National Parks, Reserves, Monuments and Historic sites[link]
- California National Historic Trail
- City of Rocks National Reserve
- Craters of the Moon National Monument
- Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument
- Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail
- Minidoka National Historic Site
- Nez Perce National Historical Park
- Oregon National Historic Trail
- Yellowstone National Park
National Recreation Areas[link]
File:Boise2008 065.JPG
Hells Canyon National Recreation Area.
National Wildlife Refuges[link]
- Bear Lake National Wildlife Refuge
- Camas National Wildlife Refuge
- Deer Flat National Wildlife Refuge
- Grays Lake National Wildlife Refuge
- Kootenai National Wildlife Refuge
- Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge
National Conservation Areas[link]
State parks[link]
See also: List of Idaho state parks
- Bear Lake State Park
- Bruneau Dunes State Park
- Castle Rocks State Park
- City of Rocks National Reserve
- Coeur d'Alene Parkway State Park
- Dworshak State Park
- Eagle Island State Park
- Farragut State Park
- Harriman State Park
- Hells Gate State Park
- Henrys Lake State Park
- Heyburn State Park
- Lake Cascade State Park
- Lake Walcott State Park
- Land of the Yankee Fork State Park
- Lucky Peak State Park
- Massacre Rocks State Park
- McCroskey State Park
- Old Mission State Park
- Ponderosa State Park
- Priest Lake State Park
- Round Lake State Park
- Thousand Springs State Park
- Three Island Crossing State Park
- Trail of the Coeur d'Alenes
- Winchester Lake State Park
Education[link]
Colleges and universities[link]
The Idaho State Board of Education oversees three comprehensive universities. The University of Idaho in Moscow was the first university in the state (founded in 1889). A land-grant institution, the UI was the state's flagship university. Idaho State University in Pocatello opened in 1901 as the Academy of Idaho and received university status in 1963. Boise State University is the most recent school to attain university status in Idaho, and is primarily geared toward being a commuter school for part-time undergraduate students. The school opened in 1932 as Boise Junior College and became Boise State University in 1974. Lewis-Clark State College in Lewiston is the only public, non-university 4-year college in Idaho.
Idaho has three regional community colleges: North Idaho College in Coeur d'Alene; College of Southern Idaho in Twin Falls; and College of Western Idaho in Nampa, which opened in 2009. A public technical college, Eastern Idaho Technical College, operates in Idaho Falls.
Private institutions in Idaho are Boise Bible College, affiliated with congregations of the Christian churches and churches of Christ; Brigham Young University-Idaho in Rexburg, which is affiliated with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints; The College of Idaho in Caldwell, which still maintains a loose affiliation with the Presbyterian Church; Northwest Nazarene University in Nampa; and New Saint Andrews College in Moscow, of reformed Christian theological background.
Sports[link]
Central Idaho is home to one of North America's oldest ski resorts, Sun Valley, where the world's first chairlift was installed in 1936. Other noted outdoor sites include Hell's Canyon, the Salmon River, and its embarkation point of Riggins.
| Club | Sport | League |
|---|---|---|
| Boise Hawks | Baseball | Northwest - (Class A) |
| Boise State Broncos | NCAA | Div I FBS – MWC |
| Idaho Vandals | NCAA | Div I FBS – WAC |
| Idaho State Bengals | NCAA | Div I FCS – Big Sky |
| Idaho Falls Chukars | Baseball | Pioneer - (Rookie) |
| Idaho Stampede | Basketball | NBA D-League |
| Idaho Steelheads | Ice hockey | ECHL |
Boise is the host to the largest 5 km run for women, the St. Luke's Women's Fitness Celebration.
Official state emblems[link]
|
|
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|---|---|
| Animate insignia | |
| Amphibian | Eastern Tiger Salamander |
| Bird(s) | Mountain Bluebird |
| Fish | Cutthroat trout |
| Flower(s) | Syringa |
| Insect | Monarch Butterfly |
| Tree | Western White Pine |
|
|
|
| Inanimate insignia | |
| Dance | Square Dance |
| Food | Potato, Huckleberry |
| Fossil | Hagerman horse |
| Gemstone | Star garnet |
| Slogan(s) | Great Potatoes. Tasty Destinations. |
| Soil | Threebear |
| Song(s) | Here We Have Idaho |
|
|
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| Route marker(s) | |
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|
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| State Quarter | |
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| Released in 2007 | |
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| Lists of United States state insignia | |
- State Bird: Mountain Bluebird [43]
- State Dance: Square Dance
- State Fish: Cutthroat Trout
- State Flower: Syringa (Philadelphus lewisii)
- State Fossil: Hagerman Horse (Equus simplicidens)
- State Fruit: Huckleberry
- State Gem: Idaho star garnet
- State Horse: Appaloosa
- State Motto: Esto perpetua ("Let it be perpetual") [44]
- State Insect: Monarch butterfly
- State Raptor: Peregrine falcon
- State Song: Here We Have Idaho
- State Tree: Western White Pine
- State Vegetable: Potato
Idahoans[link]
Main article: List of people from Idaho
See also[link]
 |
Book: United States |
| Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print. | |
- Outline of history
- Outline of geography
- List of National Register of Historic Places in Idaho
- List of people from Idaho
- List of places in Idaho
- Rocky Mountains
- U.S. state
References[link]
 |
This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (April 2009) |
- ^ a b "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2011" (CSV). 2011 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division. December 2011. http://www.census.gov/popest/data/state/totals/2011/tables/NST-EST2011-01.csv. Retrieved December 21, 2011.
- ^ "Beauty Reset". NGS data sheet. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/ds_mark.prl?PidBox=PZ0770. Retrieved October 20, 2011.
- ^ a b "Elevations and Distances in the United States". United States Geological Survey. 2001. http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html. Retrieved October 21, 2011.
- ^ a b Elevation adjusted to North American Vertical Datum of 1988.
- ^ Just, Rick. "Star Garnet." Idaho Snapshots. Meridian, Idaho: Radio Idaho, 1990. 9.
- ^ "Idaho-its meaning, origin and application : Rees, John E., 1868–1928 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive". Archive.org. http://www.archive.org/details/idahoitsmeaningo00reesrich. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
- ^ "Idaho – MSN Encarta". Idaho – MSN Encarta. Archived from the original on 2009-11-01. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1257036681681058.
- ^ "Did Idaho Get Its Name As A Result Of A Hoax?". Museumofhoaxes.com. 2006-04-25. http://www.museumofhoaxes.com/hoax/weblog/permalink/did_idaho_get_its_name_as_a_result_of_a_hoax/. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
- ^ [1] etymonline.com
- ^ Barber & Martin (1956). Idaho in the Pacific Northwest. Caxton Printers Ltd. Library of Congress 55-5192.
- ^ "Western States Data Public Land Acreage". Wildlandfire.com. 2007-11-13. http://www.wildlandfire.com/docs/2007/western-states-data-public-land.htm. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
- ^ "USDA Forest Service – Comment Form". Fs.fed.us. 2005-04-01. http://www.fs.fed.us/land/staff/lar/2007/Table_4.htm. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
- ^ "Port of Lewiston". u-s-history.com. http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h2812.html. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
- ^ "Sawtooth Range". Idahoaclimbingguide.com. http://www.idahoaclimbingguide.com/id27.htm. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
- ^ "264, Part of Idaho in fourth zone". http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/15C6.txt.
- ^ "Climate Of Idaho". Wrcc.dri.edu. 1954-02-20. http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/narratives/IDAHO.htm. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
- ^ "David Thompson's Trading Post, Idaho Forts, American Forts Network". http://www.northamericanforts.com/West/id.html#thompson.
- ^ Meinig, D.W. (1995) [1968]. The Great Columbia Plain (Weyerhaeuser Environmental Classic ed.). University of Washington Press. pp. 36, 55. ISBN 0-295-97485-0.
- ^ "Fur Trade Posts In Idaho, Idaho State Historical Society.". http://www.idahohistory.net/Reference%20Series/0062.pdf.
- ^ "Donald MacKenzie's Post, Idaho Forts, American Forts Network". http://www.northamericanforts.com/West/id.html#clear.
- ^ Bennett, Eldon T.. "An Early History of Franklin". Franklin, Idaho. http://www.franklinidaho.org/History2.htm. Retrieved 2008-05-19.
- ^ "Elias Davidson Pierce and the Founding of Pierce" (PDF). Idaho State Historical Society. August 1966. http://www.idahohistory.net/Reference%20Series/0008.pdf. Retrieved 2008-05-19.
- ^ ""Mormon" Entry for The Encyclopedia of the Supreme Court of the United States, David S.Tanenhaus" (PDF). http://nboman.people.wm.edu/MormonsEUSC.pdf. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
- ^ "The Power of Idaho". Idaho Economic Development Association. 2004. http://ieda.biz/white.html. Retrieved 2007-10-07.
- ^ http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
- ^ http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/16000.html
- ^ "Idaho QuickFacts from the U.S. Census Bureau". Quickfacts.census.gov. http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/16000.html. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
- ^ "Population and Population Centers by State". United States Census Bureau. 2000. http://www.census.gov/geo/cenpop/statecenters.txt. Retrieved 2008-12-04.
- ^ "RLS report 2-22.indd" (PDF). http://religions.pewforum.org/pdf/report-religious-landscape-study-full.pdf. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
- ^ "State Membership Report – Idaho". Association of Religion Data Archives. http://www.thearda.com/mapsReports/reports/state/16_2000.assp. Retrieved 2009-12-13.
- ^ "Zuivelzicht" April 25, 2007
- ^ "Today in History: March 4". Memory.loc.gov. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/mar04.html. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
- ^ "Facts At a Glance". Idaho Lottery. 2007. Archived from the original on June 13, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070613232433/http://idaholottery.com/facts.asp. Retrieved 2007-04-29.
- ^ "2007 Idaho Energy Plan". Idaho Legislative Council Interim Committee on Energy, Environment and Technology. 2007. http://www.energy.idaho.gov/informationresources/d/energy_plan_2007.pdf. Retrieved 2010-11-30.
- ^ a b "Idaho Energy Profile". Energy Information Administration. 2009. http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=ID. Retrieved 2007-06-02.
- ^ "Idaho Strategic Energy Alliance Frequently Asked Questions". Idaho Strategic Energy Alliance. 2009. http://www.energy.idaho.gov/idahostrategicenergyalliance/d/isea_faq.pdf. Retrieved 2007-06-02. [dead link]
- ^ "Idaho Energy Complex". Idaho Energy Complex. 2009. http://idahoenergycomplex.org/faq.htm. Retrieved 2007-06-02.
- ^ "Idaho District Court Websites". Isc.idaho.gov. http://www.isc.idaho.gov/district.htm. Retrieved 2008-12-17.
- ^ "IdahoHistory.net". IdahoHistory.net. 2010-07-07. http://www.idahohistory.net/pierce.html. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
- ^ Idaho Secretary of State Election Division, "November 4, 2008 General Election Results"
- ^ [2][dead link]
- ^ 2008 statewide totals[dead link]
- ^ "Idaho Secretary of State: State Symbols". Idaho Secretary of State. State of Idaho. http://www.sos.idaho.gov/elect/emblem.htm. Retrieved 2012-04-02.
- ^ "Idaho history homepage". Idahohistory.net. 2010-07-07. http://idahohistory.net/Reference%20Series/0134.pdf. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
External links[link]
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- State of Idaho government website
- Idaho at the Open Directory Project
- Energy Profile for Idaho
- Idaho Department of Parks and Recreation
- Idaho Newspapers
- Idaho State Databases – Annotated list of searchable databases produced by Idaho state agencies and compiled by the Government Documents Roundtable of the American Library Association.
- Idaho State Facts
- Log Cabins in America: The Finnish Experience, a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan
- The History of Idaho
- U.S. Census Bureau
- USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Idaho
- Visit Idaho site – The official state tourism website
Geographic data related to Idaho at OpenStreetMap
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Coordinates: 45°N 114°W / 45°N 114°W / 45; -114lez:Айдахо
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Kelly Clarkson | |
|---|---|
 Kelly Clarkson at the 2009 Women's World Awards in Austria |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Kelly Brianne Clarkson |
| Born | (1982-04-24) April 24, 1982 (age 30) Fort Worth, Texas, U.S. |
| Origin | Burleson, Texas |
| Genres | Pop rock, pop |
| Occupations | Singer, songwriter, record producer, actress |
| Instruments | Vocals |
| Years active | 2001–present[1] |
| Labels | RCA, 19 |
| Associated acts | Reba McEntire |
| Website | kellyclarkson.com |
Kelly Brianne Clarkson (born April 24, 1982) is an American singer, songwriter and occasional actress. Clarkson came into prominence after becoming the winner of the inaugural season of the television series American Idol in 2002 and later was the runner-up in the television special World Idol in 2003.
In 2003, Clarkson released her debut album, Thankful, which was a commercial success and established herself in the pop music industry. The release of its first single, "A Moment Like This" (2002), broke The Beatles' record for the biggest leap to number one, from 52, in the history of the Billboard Hot 100 chart. After parting ways with her management, Clarkson developed a more rock-oriented music with the release of her critically acclaimed sophomore album, Breakaway (2004), which sold more than 12 million copies worldwide[2] and which garnered Clarkson more worldwide success as a pop rock artist. The album's single, "Because of You" (2005), became the best-selling single by an Idol contestant worldwide. In 2007, Clarkson took full creative control for her third album My December, which had a more rock-inspired sound and was met with controversy and moderate success. Clarkson later returned to a more pop-oriented sound with All I Ever Wanted (2009), which became a commercial and critical success. The album's lead single, "My Life Would Suck Without You" (2009), surpassed "A Moment Like This"'s record for the biggest leap to number one on a single week in the history of the Billboard Hot 100 Chart, a milestone it still holds today. Furthermore, it also became her first number one single in the United Kingdom. Clarkson's fifth studio album, Stronger, was released in 2011, containing elements from synthpop, R&B and country music. The album's single, "Stronger (What Doesn't Kill You)" (2012), became her longest number one single and eventually became her best-selling single in the United States.
In a career spanning a decade, Clarkson has become the most successful Idol contestant around the world, with album sales of over 23 million worldwide and singles sales of over 36 million,[3] according to Billboard[4] and Nielsen SoundScan.[5][6][7] Clarkson's work also gained her numerous accolades, including two Grammy Awards, three MTV Video Music Awards, 12 Billboard Music Awards, four American Music Awards and a Women's World Award. Billboard also ranked Clarkson as the 14th best-selling artist of the 2000s, as well as also being ranked on the top 200 album sellers of the Nielsen SoundScan era at number 187.[8][9] She is currently a mentor on ABC's singing competition show Duets.
Contents |
Early life and career beginnings[link]
Clarkson was born in Fort Worth, Texas, and grew up in the small town of Burleson, a suburb of Fort Worth. She is the third and youngest child of Jeanne Rose, a first grade English teacher of Greek descent and Stephen Michael Clarkson, a former engineer of English descent.[citation needed]
Clarkson's siblings include her older brother and sister, Jason and Alyssa. When Clarkson was six years old, her parents divorced after seventeen years of marriage. The family settled in Burleson, where Clarkson's mother married her second husband, Jimmy Taylor.[10]
Clarkson's family struggled financially, and after her parents divorced, music became her refuge. Clarkson attended Pauline G Hughes Middle School and Burleson High School. She wanted to become a marine biologist but changed her mind after seeing the movie Jaws.[11] In seventh grade, a teacher (Mrs. Cynthia Glenn) overheard her singing in a hallway and asked her to audition for the school choir; Clarkson told the teacher that she had never received professional vocal training.
In high school, Clarkson performed in musicals such as Annie Get Your Gun, Seven Brides for Seven Brothers and Brigadoon. She sang at her high school talent show, after which an audience member shared some inspiring words with her: "God has given you this gift. You've got to sing. You're destined to sing." Clarkson continued singing and soon started classical training, hoping that music would be her ticket to a college scholarship.[12]
Upon high school graduation, Clarkson was offered full scholarships to The University of Texas at Austin, University of North Texas, and Berklee, but decided against college because she had "already written so much music and wanted to try it on her own," and she figured "you're never too old to go to college."[12] Clarkson later turned down two recording contracts from Jive Records and Interscope Records in the late 1990s, stating "They would have completely pigeonholed me as a bubblegum act. I was confident enough that something better would come along."[13] She went to Los Angeles in late 2001 to pursue a career in music, but worked as a waitress and appeared as an extra in such shows as Sabrina, the Teenage Witch and Dharma & Greg to support herself.[14] She worked with songwriters such as Gerry Goffin and recorded five tracks between January and March 2002 to try to get a record deal, but returned to Texas after four months in Los Angeles.[1]
Music career[link]
[edit] 2002–03: American Idol and World Idol
Main articles: American Idol (season 1) and World Idol
Clarkson auditioned for the first season of American Idol (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) in May 2002. She subsequently won the competition on September 4, 2002, earning 58% of the vote against runner-up Justin Guarini.[15] Clarkson performed the ballad "A Moment Like This", the song written for the winner of American Idol, which subsequently appeared on her debut album, Thankful. When released as a single in October 2002, it set a record on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart when it rose from number 52 to number one.[16] The CD single sold 236,000 copies in its first week of sales in the U.S.[17] and spent five weeks at number one in Canada.
[edit] American Idol season 1 performances and results
| Week # | Theme | Song choice | Original artist | Order # | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Audition | Dallas | "Express Yourself" "At Last" |
Madonna Glenn Miller & His Orchestra |
N/A | Advanced |
| Top 121 | Hollywood round 1 | "Respect" | Otis Redding | ||
| Top 65 | Hollywood round 2 | "I Say a Little Prayer" | Dionne Warwick | ||
| Top 45 | Hollywood round 3 | "Save The Best For Last" | Vanessa L. Williams | ||
| Top 30 | Semifinal/Group 2 | "Respect" | Otis Redding | 9 | |
| Top 10 | Motown | "You're All I Need to Get By" | Marvin Gaye & Tammi Terrell | 8 | Safe |
| Top 8 | 1960s | "(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman" | Aretha Franklin | 5 | |
| Top 7 | 1970s | "Don't Play That Song (You Lied)" | Ben E. King | ||
| Top 6 | Big Band | "Stuff Like That There" | Betty Hutton | 6 | |
| Top 5 | Burt Bacharach Love Songs | "Walk On By" | Dionne Warwick | 1 | |
| Top 4 | 1980s 1990s |
"It's Raining Men" "I Surrender" |
The Weather Girls Celine Dion |
3 7 |
|
| Top 3 | Judges' Choice Idol's Choice |
"Without You" "Think Twice" |
Badfinger Celine Dion |
3 6 |
|
| Top 2 | Finale | "A Moment Like This" "Respect" "Before Your Love" |
Kelly Clarkson Otis Redding Kelly Clarkson |
2 4 6 |
Winner |
[edit] World Idol performance and results
| Song choice | GER | AUS | GCC | CAN | NLD | SA | POL | US | BE | UK | NOR | Total | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| "(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman" | 9 | 9 | 5 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 12 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 97 | Runner-up |
In December 2003, a competition titled World Idol was held at the Pop Idol stage in London, gathering the winners of the first seasons of Idol series around the world. Clarkson was contractually obligated to participate, and placed second behind Norwegian Idol Kurt Nilsen. She performed Aretha Franklin's "(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman". She left immediately after the competition, later explaining to fans that she was not feeling well.[18]
[edit] 2003–04: Thankful
Main article: Thankful (Kelly Clarkson album)
Shortly after the completion of the first season of American Idol, Clarkson was signed to RCA Records by Clive Davis and Simon Fuller. In 2003, Clarkson was later accused of working with a record company prior to winning American Idol. American Idol's rules stated that a contestant was not allowed to compete on the program if they had been linked to a record company. However, she was cleared of all allegations, as she only had a contract in order to conduct demonstration work.[19]
Following the release of "A Moment Like This", Clarkson's full-length debut album Thankful was released in North America by RCA Records on April 15, 2003 with several singers and songwriters including Christina Aguilera, Diane Warren and Babyface contributing on the tracks.[20] It debuted at number one on the U.S. Billboard 200. To promote the album, Clarkson appeared on various episodes of American Idol in 2003. In October that year she performed in Australia at the 2003 NRL grand final.[21] "A Moment Like This" was certified double platinum by the RIAA for sales of two million copies on December 8, 2003[22] and platinum by the CRIA for sales of 100,000 copies on February 10, 2004.[23] Thankful peaked at number 41 on the UK albums chart and at number 33 on the Australian albums chart.
Reviews for the album were generally favorable. However, several critics noted that her early achievement was established due to her performances on American Idol. Allmusic critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine praised the album for its vocal ability: "throughout this record, [Clarkson] makes it seem effortless and charming. She can croon, she can belt out a song, she can be sexy and sassy while still being graceful and as wholesome as the girl next door".[24] Rachel Kipp of JS Online criticized Clarkson for not having the same personality on Thankful that she had on American Idol, and wrote: "on American Idol, Clarkson showcased a great voice and an endearing, 'aw-shucks' personality. That personality is missing on Thankful, and there lies the album's greatest fault". Kipp blamed the producers behind the album for not allowing Clarkson to be herself.[25] Clarkson covered Danielle Brisebois' "Just Missed the Train" on the album.
"Miss Independent" was released as the second single from Thankful. It reached the top ten of the U.S. and Canadian singles charts, and earned Clarkson a 2004 Grammy Award nomination for "Best Female Pop Vocal Performance".[26] When the single was released in the United Kingdom and Australia, it reached the top ten of the charts. "Low", the third single from Thankful, reached number two in Canada, but it was unable to make the top 40 of the US chart. The final single, "The Trouble with Love Is", was released as a promotional single for the British romantic film Love Actually and failed to chart in the United States, she then promoted the song on Pop Idol in 2003.
Soon after the first season of American Idol ended, Clarkson starred with Idol runner-up Justin Guarini in the movie From Justin to Kelly (2003). The film was poorly received by critics[27] and grossed only $5 million at the North American box office, less than half its reported budget.[28] Clarkson has mentioned in interviews that she is shocked when people send her scripts after From Justin to Kelly, often citing contractual obligation as her sole reason for involvement in the film.[29] Clarkson was quoted telling People, "I knew when I read the script it was going to be real, real bad, but when I won, I signed that piece of paper and I could not get out of it."[30] The script was written by Kim Fuller, Simon Fuller's brother.[31]
She played Brenda Lee in the television drama American Dreams and appeared in the sitcom Reba. She also participated in sketch comedy on MADtv (2002) and Saturday Night Live (2005).[32]
[edit] 2004–06: Breakaway
Main article: Breakaway (Kelly Clarkson album)
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At the age of 16, Clarkson wrote the lyrics and melody to this song to cope with her emotions. The later composition resulted in the use of the piano and a full orchestral arrangement.
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Distancing herself from her American Idol image, Clarkson parted ways with 19 Entertainment and took more creative control with her second studio album Breakaway, to develop a more rock-oriented image.[33] Clarkson co-wrote six of the songs with songwriters such as former Evanescence band members Ben Moody, David Hodges and producer Max Martin; the title track was co-written by punk-pop singer Avril Lavigne.
Breakaway was released by RCA Records on November 30, 2004.[34] The album debuted within the U.S. top five and Canadian top ten, but sales were initially low in comparison to Thankful.[35] The singles from Breakaway were very successful, and the album became only the fourth album in history to stay in the Billboard 200 top 20 for a consecutive year, as well as being certified six times platinum in the U.S. in late 2007[36] and five times platinum in Canada in May 2006.[37] With worldwide sales of over 12 million copies, Breakaway is the most successful album by an Idol.
Breakaway received different responses from critics; Rolling Stone commented that "on Kelly Clarkson's second album, ... she embraces her rock side rather than the pop pageantry that put her on top of the American Idol heap".[38] TeenInk noted the strength of her vocals on Breakaway, and praised the change from pop music to contemporary rock: "[Clarkson] retains the incredible power and beauty of her voice while switching to rock".[39] Stylus magazine also enjoyed Clarkson's foray into rock music, however, she was called out because of her American Idol image, which reviewer Charles Merwin believed she had yet to lose. He praised the non-singles and wrote that they "maintain a quality high".[40] Allmusic called the album "a nice, low-key relief".[41]
"Breakaway" served as the original song for The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement (2004) and achieved considerable success across the world; it became Clarkson's third top-ten single in the U.S. and fourth top-ten single in Canada. It reached number ten in Australia, and number 22 in the UK. The second single, "Since U Been Gone", which was produced by Max Martin, became the most successful release from the album. It reached number two in the U.S. and the top five across the world. It also earned Clarkson her first Grammy Award for "Best Female Pop Vocal Performance"; she won a second award for "Best Pop Vocal Album".[42]
The third and fourth single releases, "Behind These Hazel Eyes" and "Because of You", also followed with chart success. The video for "Because of You" won the 2006 MTV Video Music Award for Best Female Video, her second consecutive win in that category (following "Since U Been Gone"). Clarkson was the most-played artist of 2006 on American radio, despite releasing only one single in the entire year, "Walk Away" (the fifth single from Breakaway).[43] She was also the most radio-broadcasted artist of 2006 in Australia and "Because of You" was the third most broadcast song of the same year, despite being released in 2005.[44]
In 2005, Clarkson made a performance during the 2005 NBA All-Star Weekend as part of the festivities leading up to the All-Star Game.[45] Later that year, she performed "The Star-Spangled Banner" at Game 2 of the NBA Finals between the San Antonio Spurs and Detroit Pistons She also performed that spring as part of the 2005 NCAA Final Four festivities in St. Louis, Missouri.[46]
Clarkson performed during the festivities of the 2006 Winter Olympics in Torino, Italy.[47] In mid 2006, Clarkson lent Ford Motor Co. a song titled "Go", written by Clarkson and Rhett Lawrence ("Miss Independent"). The song was used in the company's advertising campaign in 2006, "Bold Moves" and the song, along with its music video, was made available free at Ford's AddictedtoKelly.com website (now defunct).[48]
[edit] 2006–08: My December
Main article: My December
During her tour in Europe in 2006, Clarkson began writing songs for her third album, My December.[49] The first single from My December was "Never Again", which peaked on the Billboard Hot 100 at number eight. Clarkson released "Sober" as the second single. She returned to American Idol for the season 6 finale, performing "Never Again" and "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" with Aerosmith guitarist Joe Perry during a Beatles medley.[50]
Clarkson parted with her management, The Firm, in June 2007, amid low radio airplay for "Never Again" and low ticket sales for her then-upcoming tour.[51] Clarkson then signed with Starstruck Entertainment, run by Narvel Blackstock – the husband of Reba McEntire – on July 2, 2007.[52] The same month, Live Nation announced that the tour – her first nationwide arena tour – had been canceled due to underwhelming ticket sales, to be rescheduled after the release of the My December album at smaller, more intimate concert environments.[53] Clarkson reinstated plans to tour the U.S. during 2007, with a much smaller tour than the one she canceled in June. She began her My December Tour in October 2007 in venues significantly smaller than those previously booked.[54] The August 2007 issue of Blender included a feature on Clarkson and her new album, as well as her music label woes.[55]
My December was released in the U.S. on June 26, 2007. The album debuted at number two in the U.S. with 291,000 albums sold,[56] a slightly higher debut than Clarkson's previous album, Breakaway, which debuted at number three.[57] In Canada, the album was awarded a platinum certification for shipments of more than 100,000 copies.[58] My December was certified platinum in December 2007 by the RIAA.[59] It has sold more than three million copies worldwide.[60]
In April 2007, Clarkson appeared on the American Idol Idol Gives Back charity show aimed at raising money for tackling poverty, hunger and AIDS in Africa, as well as the Hurricane Katrina appeal. Clarkson noted that she was in a dispute with her record label bosses and executives as to which song to perform for the event. Clarkson refused to perform her new single "Never Again" viewing it as simple self-promotion through a charitable event. She is quoted as saying,
| “ | My label wanted me to sing 'Never Again,' and I was like, to promote yourself on a charity event is beyond crass. People are starving and dying and I'm up there singing some bitter pop song? And believe me, everyone wanted me to sing it. Because they are jaded and they have no soul. Imagine sitting in a room full of people totally against you. Can't they hear themselves speaking? Capitalize on AIDS? Are you kidding? Insulting an entire nation of people? I just refused."[61] | ” |
She opted to perform Patty Griffin's "Up to the Mountain". After the performance, the audience who watched Clarkson perform live gave her a standing ovation. American Idol judge Simon Cowell described her as "incredible", saying, "When you let her [Clarkson] come back on the show it makes everybody else look like an amateur."[62] Clarkson later sang "Never Again" in the American Idol grand finale on May 23, 2007. On July 7, 2007, Clarkson performed on the American leg of Live Earth.[63] Clarkson was invited to be a celebrity mentor for Canadian Idol during its Top 5 week of the fifth season, aired on the CTV network on August 20, and she performed on the results show the next night. Clarkson also performed the grand finale of Swedish Idol in December 2007.[64] Clarkson also performed at the 2007 NFL opening kickoff where she sang the national anthem and songs from My December.[65] Clarkson also performed in the halftime show for the Dallas Cowboys and New York Jets game on Thanksgiving Day.[66][67]
In addition to her roles as spokeswoman for the acne treatment Proactiv as well as Vitaminwater, Clarkson partnered with NASCAR for the 2007 season. She appeared in televised advertising spots, performed at pre-race concerts, promoted NASCAR Day, and appeared at the Champions' Banquet in December.[68] In April 2008, Clarkson participated in a Papal Youth Rally at the campus of St. Joseph's Seminary, Dunwoodie in Yonkers, New York performing a mini-concert for those in attendance. This was the Papal Visit of Pope Benedict XVI. She performed Schubert's "Ave Maria" for the Pope later in the day following the Pope's speech.[69]
Clarkson performed "What Hurts the Most" with Rascal Flatts at the ACM Awards in 2006 and returned again to sing a duet with Reba McEntire in 2007. This was her second performance on a country music award show, even though she is in the pop/rock genre. Along with her performance with Rascal Flatts, Clarkson also performed "Cigarettes", with the country duo The Wreckers during one of their shows in Texas.[70]
Building on her country music status, Clarkson and Reba McEntire, who first met after Clarkson won the first season of American Idol,[71] recorded an hour-long CMT Crossroads special at Nashville's famed Ryman Auditorium on February 22, 2007. It aired on CMT and Palladia (then known as MHD) on June 24, 2007. Previously, Clarkson was a performer on CMT's Giants: Reba McEntire. where she sang McEntire's hit song "Why Haven't I Heard From You", introduced Dolly Parton, and later also sang McEntire's hit "Does He Love You" with Martina McBride. Clarkson also appeared on an episode of McEntire's sitcom Reba, that aired on January 14, 2007.[72]
At the Academy of Country Music Awards on May 16, 2007, Clarkson and McEntire sang a duet of Clarkson's own 2005 single, "Because of You", which also became the lead single from McEntire's album of all-star duets.[73] The music video for this version of the song later debuted on June 20, 2007. This collaboration with McEntire earned Clarkson a CMA Award nomination for "Musical Event of the Year" in 2007 and a Grammy Award nomination for "Best Country Collaboration With Vocal" in 2008. Additionally, the song was featured on Now That's What I Call Country, which was released in August 2008.
Clarkson was a surprise guest at the 2007 CMA Music Festival in Nashville on June 7, 2007, where she performed "Does He Love You" and "Because of You" with Reba McEntire during the internationally-renowned annual event. The performance of "Because of You" was taped and aired as part of the "CMA Music Festival: Country's Night To Rock" television special that aired on ABC on July 23, 2007.[74]
On January 17, 2008, Clarkson embarked on the 2 Worlds, 2 Voices Tour 2008, a co-headlining tour with Reba McEntire. Reba and Clarkson have since stayed in touch and Clarkson is now managed by McEntire's husband Narvel Blackstock.[75]
On May 18, 2008, Clarkson performed on stage at the Academy of Country Music Awards All-Star Jam with Reba McEntire and Ronnie Dunn of Brooks and Dunn.[76] The All-Star jam is the final event of the week taking place immediately after the awards show. Clarkson was not announced ahead of time for an appearance.
[edit] 2008–10: All I Ever Wanted
Main article: All I Ever Wanted (Kelly Clarkson album)
Clarkson's fourth album, All I Ever Wanted, was released on March 10, 2009. During recording of the album, Clarkson worked closely with producer-songwriters Ryan Tedder, Dr. Luke, Max Martin, and Howard Benson, among others. In its first week of sales, it sold 255,000 copies in the U.S., debuting at number one on the Billboard 200; it stayed at number one for two weeks.[77] All I Ever Wanted received a Grammy Award nomination for "Best Pop Vocal Album".[78] Clarkson was placed eighth on Billboard's Top Female Artists of 2009 and ninth on Billboard's Top Hot Artists of 2000s.[79] She was ranked second on Billboard's Best of 2000s: Pop Song Artist, behind Pink.[80]
The first single from All I Ever Wanted, "My Life Would Suck Without You", entered the Billboard Hot 100 at number 97 and rose to number one the following week; this broke the record for the largest leap to the top spot, formerly held by Britney Spears' "Womanizer".This was the second time Clarkson broke this record. Moreover, "My Life Would Suck Without You" was Clarkson's first number one in the United Kingdom and it made her the first American Idol winner to achieve a number one single in the UK. The album's second single, "I Do Not Hook Up", peaked at number 20 in the U.S. "I Do Not Hook Up" did not fare very well overseas and the believed reason for this is due to a lack of radio support because a previous version had been recorded by Katy Perry. The third single, "Already Gone", reached number 13 in the USA and number 15 in Canada, but had mixed results internationally. "Already Gone" sparked another conflict between Clarkson and her label. There was a widely reported scandal with the album's third single, which Clarkson wrote with OneRepublic's Ryan Tedder. Many critics had noticed that the backing track and style of the song sounded similar to Beyoncé's "Halo". After becoming aware of the comparisons, Clarkson did not want to release the song out of respect for Beyoncé, instead requesting release for a self-penned song, "Cry", which later hailed extremely positive reviews, most notably from the BBC.[81] However, her record company refused, publishing "Already Gone" against Clarkson's wishes. In response to the entire fiasco, Clarkson penned a song called "Wash Rinse Repeat" in which she states her view on the lack of creativity record labels give their artists; it is widely believed the song is an attack on Ryan Tedder.
The fourth single was "All I Ever Wanted". Clarkson performed as one of many guests for the return of VH1 Divas in September 2009.[82] Clarkson also became a guest mentor on the Dutch television series X Factor in November 2009.
Clarkson was announced as one of the VH1 Save the Music Foundation ambassadors for 2009–2010.[83] She began her 32-date All I Ever Wanted tour in October, following a string of summer concerts around the United States. Clarkson toured all over the world with the album, reaching territories such as Europe, South Africa, Oceania and Asia.The fall tour shows were performed in arena/theater type venues, with the summer tour being performed in outdoor amphitheatres. Her Indonesia show was initially sponsored by tobacco company Djarum, but after complaints from some fans and anti-tobacco groups, the promoter removed the sponsor.[84] The tour ended in May 2010 in China.[85]
[edit] 2010–present: Stronger
Main article: Stronger (Kelly Clarkson album)
On August 23, 2010, it was announced that Clarkson had recorded a duet called "Don't You Wanna Stay" with country star Jason Aldean for Aldean's upcoming album, My Kinda Party.[86] They performed the song at the 2010 CMA Awards on November 10, 2010[87] and again on April 14, 2011 during the elimination show of American Idol season ten. On the week ending February 27, 2011, the song moved to number one on Billboard Hot Country Songs, giving Clarkson her first number one hit on the chart.[88] As of July 21, 2011, "Don't You Wanna Stay" has sold nearly 2 million digital singles, becoming the most downloaded country music collaboration of all time.[89] "Don't You Wanna Stay" was nominated for a 2012 Grammy Award for "Best Country Duo/Group Performance".[90]
Clarkson's fifth studio album, Stronger, was released on October 24, 2011.[91] Clarkson began writing the material on November 2009 and was originally intended for a late 2010 release.[92] Clarkson collaborated with several producers including Greg Kurstin, Ester Dean, Darkchild, Toby Gad, Steve Jordan and Howard Benson.[93][94] Clarkson completed recording on February 28, 2011, and stated that it "was influenced by Prince, Tina Turner, Sheryl Crow, Radiohead and there's a little bit of a country vibe/influence on a couple of songs."[93] On March 15, 2011, she announced that the album had been pushed back to at least September 2011. Rodney Jerkins told The Hollywood Reporter that it was a "smart decision",[95] while Claude Kelly, said to MTV News that the move could work in her favor.[96] Associated Content also reported that the delay was caused by the company restructuring at Sony Music with the former Universal Music Group chairman Doug Morris entering as its new CEO.[95][97] The release of the album was accompanied by a limited release of Clarkson's first extended play, The Smoakstack Sessions, which featured alternate versions of Stronger and All I Ever Wanted songs.[98]
The first single, "Mr. Know It All", premiered via a live webcast on on August 30, 2011 and was commercially released on September 5, 2011. The song entered the Billboard Hot 100 at number 18, becoming her second highest debut since "Never Again" (2007); On November 3, the song ascended to number 10, earning Clarkson her ninth top ten single. On October 2, 2011, Clarkson performed the song at the 2011 NRL Grand Final in Sydney, Australia, marking Clarkson's first appearance at the event since the 2003 NRL Grand Final.[99][100][101] The following week, "Mr. Know It All" hit #1 on the Australian charts, the first single of her career to top the charts in that country.[102] 'Mr Know It All charted at number 4 in the UK and 8 in New Zealand. The song received double platinum certification in Australia and gold certification in New Zealand.
The album's second single, "Stronger (What Doesn't Kill You)", was released to mainstream radio on January 17, 2012.[103] The song climbed to number one on the Hot 100 in its seventh week, becoming Clarkson's career's third number-one single, after "A Moment Like This" and "My Life Would Suck Without You".[104]. According to Clarkson, the song was inspired by a Friedrich Nietzsche quote, translated to "That which does not kill us makes us stronger", and its lyrics contain the theme of empowerment. The song is considered as an anthem for recovery after the end of a bad relationship. Stronger has been compared to Since U Been Gone, and received generally positive reviews from critics. The song also peaked at number one in Poland, Belgium, and Denmark. In addition, it peaked in the top 10 in over 15 countries and achieved 2x Platinum in Australia as well as Platinum in New Zealand, Canada and Denmark, which has made it one of Clarkson's most successful singles. Moreover, the music video is her most watched on YouTube, with over 38,000,000 views. [105][106][107] When Stronger (What Doesn't Kill You) reached number one in the Billboard's Dance/Club Play Songs chart, Clarkson became the first artist to top the Billboard Hot 100, Country Songs, Adult Contemporary, Adult Pop Songs and Dance/Club Play Songs charts, albeit it not at the same time.[108]
The song "Tell Me A Lie" on the debut album by the boy band One Direction was co-written by Clarkson, which was originally intended for Stronger. The song was leaked onto the internet a few months before.[109] Clarkson's second extended play, iTunes Session, was announced on November 23, 2011,[110] and was released on December 27, 2011.[111] On December 2 Clarkson released her first Christmas single, a cover of "I'll Be Home For Christmas" which is included on iTunes Session EP. Her rendition of the holiday classic debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 at number 93 for the chart dated December 24, 2011 with 24,000 copies sold and also charted at number 16 on Holiday Songs.[citation needed]
Clarkson was a mentor to Blake Shelton's contestants on season two of The Voice in 2012. With this, Clarkson becomes the only former television singing-competition contestant to appear on American Idol, The X Factor and The Voice.[112]
Clarkson sang the U.S. national anthem at Super Bowl XLVI on February 5, 2012.[113] She received widespread acclaim for this performance from numerous publications and fellow celebrities.[114]
Clarkson performed at the 54th Grammy Awards on February 12, 2012. She and Jason Aldean sang their hit "Don't You Wanna Stay".[115] On April 1, 2012, "Don't You Wanna Stay" won the Academy of Country Music awards for Vocal Event of the Year and Single of the Year.[116]
On May 20, 2012 Clarkson debuted her new single "Dark Side" at the 2012 Billboard Music Awards.[117]
In the summer of 2012, Clarkson will be a mentor on a new singing show called Duets on ABC.[118]
Artistry[link]
Voice[link]
Clarkson possesses the vocal range of a soprano;[119][120] which has been described as dynamic and robust.[121]
On an interview with Good Morning America, Simon Cowell was asked of the then six American Idol winners, who he thought had the best voice. Cowell immediately answered that Clarkson did "by a mile", noting that she was "up there" with other great singers such as Celine Dion.[122]
Arion Berger of Rolling Stone has said of Clarkson that "her high notes are sweet and pillowy, her growl is bone-shaking and sexy, and her midrange is amazingly confident for a pop posy whose career is tied for eternity to the whims of her American Idol overlords."[123]
Dr. Luke, a songwriter and producer of some of Clarkson's hits stated that "She has powerful lungs. She's like the Lance Armstrong of vocal cords."[124]
Jon Caramanica, music critic of The New York Times, stated that Clarkson's voice is "too huge, too violent" for warmer and sweeter vocal stylings, stating "she’s on a par with Taylor Swift when it comes to vengeance, and she’ll do it louder and with more brutality in comparison to her contemporary."[125]
Esquire wrote that Clarkson has “the best voice in the history of pop music".[126]
Influences[link]
Clarkson has often cited soul musicians such as Aretha Franklin,[127] Whitney Houston, Mariah Carey[128] and Etta James[129] as well as rock musicians Radiohead, Garbage,[127] Aerosmith, and Jimi Hendrix[130] as her influences. Her audition performance of James' song "At Last" and her final performance of Franklin's "(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman" on American Idol garnered critical praise from both the judges of the program as well as from the public. Clarkson also said that she has been influenced by Tina Turner and Annie Lennox. At age eight, Clarkson was first inspired to venture into music during visit to an African-American church in Fort Worth. She recalled: "I was like, 'Wow, whatever they're feeling, I want to feel it too'."[131]
Personal life[link]
Since early 2012 Clarkson has been dating Reba McEntire's stepson, talent manager Brandon Blackstock. Clarkson told the Daily Mail (UK) "Brandon is my manager's son. I've known him for six years but he was married. Then, suddenly, there he was at the Super Bowl and he was single". [132]
Political views[link]
On December 29, 2011, Clarkson posted on Twitter that she would vote for US Congressman Ron Paul as a 2012 presidential candidate, saying, "I love Ron Paul. I liked him a lot during the last Republican nomination and no one gave him a chance. If he wins the nomination for the Republican Party in 2012 he's got my vote. Too bad he probably won't."[133] After stating her support for Paul, she came under fire on Twitter, due to her pro gay rights views.[134] She later apologized for the Tweet saying she did not intend to offend anyone.[134] In a recent interview with Rolling Stone magazine Clarkson was asked about her comments in support of Paul and she replied with, "All I did was tweet what I thought, and people went crazy! All of a sudden, people were like, 'You hate gay people' – what? I didn't even endorse him. All I said was that I like him. I voted for Barack, so it's not even like I'm a hardcore Republican."[135]
Charity[link]
On April 2007, Kelly Clarkson took part on the "Idol Gives Back", a fundraiser for people in poverty in both Africa and the United States, performing "Up to the Mountain" along with Jeff Beck.[136] According to her statings she wanted to perform that song rather to her new single "Never Again" which seemed to her inappropriate for the event, and didn't want to promote herself, despite the label's pressures. She would also perform a five-song set later that year on the American leg of Live Earth concerts opting for environmental awareness about climate change. She is currently an ambassador of "March of Dimes", raising money regularly and assisting in volunteer service, having walked for "March for Babies" as well, for the cause of improvement of the health of mothers and babies.[137] Clarkson, additionally, got involved in the organization "Houses of Hope" who take care and build orphanages for children in South Africa who have been affected by HIV/AIDS, abuse and poverty.[138] She has visited those kids and also participated in the "A Night for Hope" fundraiser concert (held by Clarkson's background vocal singers, Jill and Kate) where she performed a song she wrote after her trip to South Africa, "You Still Won't Know What It's Like". Clarkson is also supporting organizations "Save the Children", "UNICEF", "Do Something" and "STOMP Out Bullying" amongst others as well as music causes like "Save the Music Foundation".[139][140] She has a ranch in Texas for unwanted animals, which includes amputee goats, blind dogs, and horses with colic; there are more than 80 animals at the sanctuary. She helps provide veterinary care for them and finds them an adoptive family.[141]
Filmography[link]
| Year | Title | Role | Episode |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 | Sabrina the Teenage Witch | An extra (uncredited) | "The Whole Ball of Wax" |
| That '80s Show | "Valentine's Day" (season 1, episode 2) | ||
| Issues 101 | Crystal (an extra) | Theatrical film | |
| MADtv | Herself / Skits | Season 8, episode 1 | |
| 2003 | From Justin to Kelly | Kelly Taylor | Theatrical film |
| American Dreams | Brenda Lee | "And Promises To Keep" | |
| 2004 | "Tidings of Comfort and Joy" | ||
| King of the Hill | Herself / Dawn | "Stressed For Success" | |
| 2005 | Saturday Night Live | Musical Guest / skits | Host – Jason Bateman |
| Damage Control | Herself | Season 1, episode 1 | |
| Canadian Idol | Guest Mentor | Season 5 | |
| 2007 | Reba | Kelly | "As We Forgive Those" |
| 2009 | Saturday Night Live | Musical Guest | Host – Tracy Morgan |
| X Factor | Guest Mentor | Season 2 | |
| 2010 | Superstar K | Guest Judge | Superstar K2 |
| 2011 | Phineas and Ferb | Herself | "A Phineas and Ferb Family Christmas" |
| 2012 | Saturday Night Live | Musical Guest | Host – Charles Barkley |
| The Voice | Guest Mentor | Season 2 | |
| Duets | Judge | Season 1 |
Discography[link]
Main article: Kelly Clarkson discography
- Thankful (2003)
- Breakaway (2004)
- My December (2007)
- All I Ever Wanted (2009)
- Stronger (2011)
Tours[link]
Main articles: List of Kelly Clarkson concert tours and List of Kelly Clarkson promotional tours
- American Idols LIVE! Tour 2002 (2002), with the American Idol Season 1 Finalists
- Independent Tour (2004), co-headlining tour Clay Aiken
- Breakaway World Tour (2005–06)
- My December Tour (2007–08)
- 2 Worlds 2 Voices Tour (2008), co-headlining tour Reba McEntire
- All I Ever Wanted Tour (2009–10)
- Stronger Tour (2012)
- 2012 Summer Tour (2012), co-headlining tour with The Fray
Awards[link]
See also[link]
References[link]
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- ^ "Week Ending March 6, 2011: Songs: Rated PG – Chart Watch". music.yahoo.com. March 9, 2011. http://music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart-watch/week-ending-march-6-2011-songs-rated-pg.html. Retrieved August 6, 2011.
- ^ "Kelly Clarkson Plants Deep Roots in Country Music". August 9, 2001. http://www.theboot.com/2011/08/09/kelly-clarkson-country-music/.
- ^ Nominees And Winners. GRAMMY.com. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
- ^ "Kelly Clarkson". Facebook. http://www.facebook.com/kellyclarkson. Retrieved November 4, 2011.
- ^ Kelly Clarkson Says Next Album Will Be 'Really Different MTV.com
- ^ a b Kelly Clarkson Hits The Studio With Darkchild 'American Idol' vet teams up with 'Telephone' writer/producer for upcoming album MTV News Retrieved March 14, 2011.
- ^ Kelly Clarkson Dishes On New LP In Impromptu Twitter Q&A MTV News Retrieved March 14, 2011.
- ^ a b Halperin, Shirley (April 4, 2011). "Rodney Jerkins: The 'Idol Worship' Interview". Hollywood Reporter. http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/idol-worship/rodney-jerkins-idol-worship-interview-174395. Retrieved August 6, 2011.
- ^ Vena, Jocelyn (March 21, 2011). "Kelly Clarkson 'Will Sing Her Butt Off' On New Record, Songwriter Says". Mtv.com. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1660319/kelly-clarkson-new-album-september.jhtml. Retrieved August 6, 2011.
- ^ Halperin, Shirley. "Doug Morris Named CEO of Sony Music". The Hollywood Reporter. http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/doug-morris-named-ceo-sony-163341?page=2. Retrieved August 6, 2011.
- ^ "Kelly Clarkson's Official Website Store". Myplaydirect.com. http://www.myplaydirect.com/kelly-clarkson/details/25839075. Retrieved August 6, 2011.
- ^ "Live updates: NRL grand final". The Sydney Morning Herald (Fairfax Media). October 2, 2011. http://www.smh.com.au/rugby-league/league-news/live-updates-nrl-grand-final-20111002-1l3fp.html. Retrieved October 3, 2011.
- ^ "Kelly Clarkson gets an eyeful of NRL idols". Herald Sun. The Herald and Weekly Times. October 2, 2011. http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/nrl/kelly-clarkson-gets-an-eyeful-of-nrl-idols/story-e6frfgbo-1226148486856. Retrieved October 3, 2011.
- ^ "Grand Final Transport Information – NRL.com". NRL. September 30, 2011. http://www.nrl.com/grand-final-transport-information/tabid/10874/newsid/65070/default.aspx. Retrieved October 3, 2011.
- ^ Kelly Clarkson's Mr Know It All is No.1 single in Australia. Ispyperth.com.au. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
- ^ Top 40/M Future Releases | Mainstream Hit Songs Being Released and Their Release Dates. Allaccess.com. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
- ^ Trust, Gary (02-08-2012). "Kelly Clarkson Drives 'Stronger' to Hot 100 Summit". Billboard.com. http://www.billboard.com/#/news/kelly-clarkson-drives-stronger-to-hot-100-1006125152.story. Retrieved January 08, 2012.
- ^ "What Doesn't Kill You (Stronger) NZ Chart Statistics". charts.org.nz. 2011. http://www.charts.org.nz/showitem.asp?interpret=Kelly+Clarkson&titel=Stronger+%28What+Doesn%27t+Kill+You%29&cat=s. Retrieved 08 February 2012.
- ^ "What Doesn't Kill You (Stronger) UK Chart Statistics". The Official UK Charts Company. 2012. http://www.theofficialcharts.com/archive-chart/_/1/2012-02-04. Retrieved 08 February 2012.
- ^ "What Doesn't Kill You (Stronger) Scottish Chart Statistics". The Official UK Charts Company. 2012. http://www.theofficialcharts.com/archive-chart/_/22/2012-02-04. Retrieved 08 February 2012.
- ^ Up for Discussion. "Hot Stuff: Why This Week's Billboard Hot 100 Is History-Making - Chart Beat". Billboard.com. http://www.billboard.com/column/chartbeat/hot-stuff-why-this-week-s-billboard-hot-1006276752.story#/column/chartbeat/hot-stuff-why-this-week-s-billboard-hot-1006276752.story. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
- ^ One Direction unveil new album cover. Theofficialcharts.com (2011-10-17). Retrieved January 9, 2012.
- ^ Kelly Clarkson's post "The band and I recorded diffe..." on WhoSay. Whosay.com (2011-11-22). Retrieved January 9, 2012.
- ^ Get In The Holiday Spirit With Kelly's New Track! | The Official Kelly Clarkson Site. Kellyclarkson.com. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
- ^ Kelly Clarkson to appear as a mentor on NBC's singing competition show 'The Voice'. NYPOST.com. January 6, 2012. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
- ^ Comer, M. Tye (05 February 2012). "Kelly Clarkson Scores With Super Bowl National Anthem". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/column/super-bowl/madonna-rocks-super-bowl-halftime-show-with-1006099552.story#/column/super-bowl/kelly-clarkson-scores-with-super-bowl-national-1006099152.story. Retrieved 08 February 2012.
- ^ Chen, Joyce (06 February 2012). "Kelly Clarkson sings National Anthem at Super Bowl: 'I've never been more nervous in my life'". NY Daily News. http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/television/super-bowl-2012-kelly-clarkson-sings-national-anthem-madonna-nicki-minaj-m-i-a-tackle-halftime-show-article-1.1017886. Retrieved 08 February 2012.
- ^ Dukoff, Lauren (31 January 2012). "Kelly Clarkson confirmed for Grammy awards 2012". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/column/grammys/adele-officially-confirmed-for-grammys-performance-1006045752.story. Retrieved 09 February 2012.
- ^ "ACM Awards Winners 2012: Full list led by Taylor Swift, Blake Shelton". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/2012/04/02/gIQALydnqS_story.html. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
- ^ http://content.usatoday.com/communities/idolchatter/post/2012/05/kelly-clarkson-goes-to-the-dark-side/1#.T7u4mdkU-uI
- ^ Shira, Dahvi (2012-03-08). "Duets - Kelly Clarkson to Star in New Singing Competition". People.com. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20576801,00.html. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
- ^ Corner, Lewis (October 26, 2011). "Kelly Clarkson – Stronger Review". Digital Spy. http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/albumreviews/a347180/kelly-clarkson-stronger-album-review.html. Retrieved October 26, 2011.
- ^ Robinson, Peter (October 2011). "Kelly Clarkson – Interview". Popjustice. http://www.popjustice.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5770&Itemid=9. Retrieved December 11, 2011.
- ^ Leone, Lauren (26 October 2011). "Kelly Clarkson’s ‘Stronger’ shows off vocal backbone, integrity". Daily Egyptian. http://dailyegyptian.com/2011/10/26/kelly-clarksons-stronger-shows-off-vocal-backbone/. Retrieved 08 February 2012.
- ^ Simon Cowell: The Full Interview – ABC News abcnews.go.com.(video) Retrieved August 13, 2009.
- ^ Kelly Clarkson: Thankful : Music Reviews Rolling Stone. Retrieved August 13, 2009.
- ^ Kaufman, Gil Kelly Clarkson's New Single Could Recapture Her 'Since U Been Gone' Glory, Producer Says VH1.com. Retrieved August 13, 2009.
- ^ Caramanica, Chinen, Jon, Nate (24 October 2011). "Former ‘American Idol’ Now the Voice of Vengeance". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/25/arts/music/kelly-clarkson-and-deer-tick-new-album-reviews.html. Retrieved 10 February 2012.
- ^ Esquire name Kelly Clarkson “The best voice in the history of pop music!” www.theprophetblog.net. Retrieved December 29, 2011.
- ^ a b Dinh, James (15 February 2011). "Kelly Clarkson Influenced By Prince, Aretha Franklin, Others For New Album". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1658041/kelly-clarkson-new-album.jhtml. Retrieved 08 February 2012.
- ^ "American Idol – Mariah Carey Overwhelms Kelly Clarkson". contactmusic.com. 29 July 2003. http://www.contactmusic.com/news-article/mariah-carey-overwhelms-kelly-clarkson. Retrieved 08 February 2012.
- ^ Ford, Rebecca (22 January 2012). "Kelly Clarkson Honors Etta James With Song During Concert". The Hollywood Reporter. http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/kelly-clarkson-etta-james-concert-radio-city-283904. Retrieved 08 January 2012.
- ^ Moss, Cory (02 March 2004). "Kelly Clarkson's Rockin', Soulful Side To Show On New LP". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1485507/kelly-clarkson-talks-new-album.jhtml. Retrieved 08 February 2012.
- ^ "Kelly Clarkson – UK Biography". Sony Music Entertainment. http://www.kellyclarkson.com/uk/biography. Retrieved 08 February 2012.
- ^ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/you/article-2148795/Kelly-Clarkson-The-superstar-door.html
- ^ "Kelly Clarkson's post 'I love Ron Paul. I liked him ...'". www.whosay.com. Retrieved December 29, 2011.
- ^ a b Tanabe, Karin (2011-12-29). "Kelly Clarkson supports Ron Paul". Politico. http://www.politico.com/blogs/click/2011/12/kelly-clarkson-supports-ron-paul-108994.html. Retrieved 2012-02-29.
- ^ http://img585.imageshack.us/img585/4268/rslg.jpg
- ^ "Kelly Clarkson on Idol Gives Back". http://www.trendhunter.com/trends/charity-events-kelly-clarksons-stamps-for-idol-gives-back. Retrieved 2012-05-16.
- ^ "Kelly Clarkson supports March of Dimes". http://www.marchofdimes.com/spotlights/spotlight_clarkson.html.
- ^ "Kelly Clarkson Visits South African Orphanage". http://www.contactmusic.com/news/kelly-clarkson-visits-south-african-orphanage_1210824. Retrieved 2012-05-16.
- ^ "Kelly Clarkson Charities". http://www.looktothestars.org/celebrity/498-kelly-clarkson. Retrieved 2012-05-16.
- ^ "Kelly Clarkson Charity". http://www.kellyclarkson.com/us/charity. Retrieved 2012-05-16.
- ^ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/you/article-2148795/Kelly-Clarkson-The-superstar-door.html
Further reading[link]
- Phares, Heather. "Kelly – Biography". Allmusic. Retrieved February 11, 2006.
- Lamb, Bill. "Kelly Clarkson – Profile". About.com. Retrieved February 11, 2006.
- Phares, Heather. "Kelly Clarkson – Biography". Yahoo LAUNCHcast. Retrieved February 11, 2006.
- International charting information. Top40-Charts.com. Retrieved February 12, 2006.
- Kelly Gets Cocky. Idol winner fires Simon Fuller. PopSugar.com. Blog Archives. Retrieved February 25, 2006.
- "Review – From Justin to Kelly". Archived from the original on October 12, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071012043036/http://eonline.com/Reviews/Facts/Movies/Reviews/0,1052,88106,00.html. . E! Online. [Some films defy criticism.] Retrieved May 4, 2006.
- Croatto, Pete. From Justin to Kelly. [Watching From Justin to Kelly, one question looms over the entire production: Why was this movie made?] Retrieved May 4, 2006.
External links[link]
| Find more about Kelly Clarkson on Wikipedia's sister projects: | |
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Images and media from Commons |
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Textbooks from Wikibooks |
- Official website
- Kelly Clarkson at Allmusic
- Kelly Clarkson at AllRovi
- Kelly Clarkson at the Internet Movie Database
- Kelly Clarkson discography at Discogs
- Kelly Clarkson collected news and commentary at The New York Times
- Works by or about Kelly Clarkson in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
| Preceded by N/A |
American Idol winner 2002 |
Succeeded by Ruben Studdard |
| Awards and achievements | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Norah Jones for "Sunrise" |
Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance 2006 for "Since U Been Gone" |
Succeeded by Christina Aguilera for "Ain't No Other Man" |
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Clarkson, Kelly |
| Alternative names | Clarkson, Kelly Brianne |
| Short description | Singer-songwriter, actress |
| Date of birth | (1982-04-24) April 24, 1982 (age 30) |
| Place of birth | Fort Worth, Texas |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelly_Clarkson
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the singer and actress. For her album, see Christina Aguilera (album). For the Thai singer, see Christina Aguilar.
| Christina Aguilera | |
|---|---|
 Aguilera attending the launch of the Montblanc John Lennon edition in September 2010. |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Christina María Aguilera |
| Born | (1980-12-18) December 18, 1980 (age 31) Staten Island, New York, U.S. |
| Origin | Wexford, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Genres | Pop, R&B, soul, dance-pop[1] |
| Occupations | Singer-songwriter,[2][3][4] record producer, dancer, television personality,[5] actress |
| Instruments | Vocals |
| Years active | 1993–present |
| Labels | RCA |
| Website | christinaaguilera.com |
Christina María Aguilera (born December 18, 1980) is an American recording artist and actress. Aguilera first appeared on national television in 1990 as a contestant on the Star Search program, and went on to star in Disney Channel's television series The Mickey Mouse Club from 1993 to 1994. Aguilera signed to RCA Records after recording "Reflection",[6] the theme song for the animated film Mulan (1998).
In 1999, Aguilera came to prominence following her debut album Christina Aguilera, which was a commercial success spawning three number one singles on the Billboard Hot 100—"Genie in a Bottle", "What a Girl Wants", and "Come On Over Baby (All I Want Is You)."[7] Her sophomore and her debut Latin-pop album, Mi Reflejo (2000), a Christmas third studio album, My Kind of Christmas (2000), and several collaborations followed which garnered Aguilera worldwide success, though she was displeased with her lack of input in her music and image.[8] After parting from her management, Aguilera took creative control over her fourth studio album, Stripped (2002).[9] The album's second single, "Beautiful", was a commercial success and helped the album's commercial performance amidst controversy over Aguilera's image.[10][11][12] Aguilera followed up Stripped with the soul, jazz and blues inspired, Back to Basics (2006), released to positive critical acclaim.[13] The album produced three singles "Ain't No Other Man", "Hurt" and "Candyman". Four years later Aguilera released her sixth studio album, Bionic (2010), which incorporated aspects of R&B, electropop, and synthpop and was met with mixed reviews and low sales.[14][15][16][17] Aguilera's seventh studio album is set to be released in 2012.
Aside from being known for her vocal ability, music videos and image, musically, she includes themes of dealing with public scrutiny, her childhood, and female empowerment in her music.[18] Apart from her work in music, she has also dedicated much of her time as a philanthropist for charities, human rights and world issues which include her work as a UN ambassador for the World Food Programme.[19][20] She made her feature film debut in the musical Burlesque (2010), earning Aguilera a Golden Globe nomination for Best Original Song. Aguilera's work has earned her numerous awards and accolades, including a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, four Grammy Awards and one Latin Grammy Award, amongst seventeen and three nominations respectively. Rolling Stone ranked her number fifty-eight on their list of the 100 Greatest Singers of All Time, ranking as the youngest and only artist on the list under the age of thirty.[21] She was ranked the 20th Artist of the 2000–09 decade by Billboard[22] and is the second top selling single artist of the 2000s behind Madonna.[23] Aguilera's albums sales are estimated at over 50 million units worldwide, making her one of the best-selling music artists of all time.[24][25] Aguilera is currently a coach and judge on The Voice.
Contents
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Life and career[link]
1980–98: Early life and career beginnings[link]
Aguilera was born in Staten Island, New York, to Fausto Wagner Xavier Aguilera, a sergeant in the US Army at the time, and Shelly Loraine (née Fidler), a Spanish teacher. Aguilera's father was born in Guayaquil, Ecuador[26] and her mother, who is American, is of German, Irish, Welsh, and Dutch ancestry.[27] Her father was stationed at Earnest Harmon Air Force Base in Stephenville, Newfoundland and Labrador and Japan. Aguilera lived with both her father and mother, up until their divorce when she was seven years old. Aguilera then lived with her mother, and her younger sister Rachel, at her grandmother's home in Rochester, Pennsylvania, a town outside Pittsburgh. According to both Aguilera and her mother, her father was very controlling, as well as physically and emotionally abusive. In an interview with Rolling Stone Aguilera revealed, "there was so much domestic violence going on when I grew up with my dad travelling in the military. I think the reason that my drive was so strong and I was so passionate about music was because I grew up in an environment of domestic violence."[28] She later sang about her difficult childhood in the songs "I'm OK" on Stripped, and "Oh Mother" on Back to Basics. Even though he has made several attempts to reconnect with her, Aguilera ruled out any chance of a reunion.[29] Since then, her mother has married a paramedic named Jim Kearns, and has changed her name.[30]
As a child, Aguilera aspired to be a singer. She was known locally as "the little girl with the big voice",[29] singing in local talent shows and competitions. She attended Rochester Area School District, Marshall Middle School near Wexford and North Allegheny Intermediate High School. On March 15, 1990, she appeared on Star Search singing "A Sunday Kind of Love", but lost the competition at number 2. Soon after losing on Star Search, she returned home and appeared on Pittsburgh's KDKA-TV's Wake Up With Larry Richert to perform the same song. Throughout her youth in Pittsburgh, Aguilera sang "The Star-Spangled Banner" before Pittsburgh Penguins hockey, Pittsburgh Steelers football and Pittsburgh Pirates baseball games, including during the 1992 Stanley Cup Finals.[31] Her talent was kept a secret to avoid bullying of other children. Following her television appearances Aguilera experienced resentment and bullying including an incident in which her peers slashed the tires on her family's car.[32] Following several incidents Aguilera was later home schooled.[29] Aguilera recalls, "doing what I did and maybe being a little smaller, I was definitely picked on and bullied for the attention that I got. It was definitely unwanted attention and there was a lot of unfairness about it."[33]
In 1991, Aguilera auditioned for a role on The Mickey Mouse Club; however, she did not meet the age requirements. Two years later, she joined the cast, performing musical numbers and sketch comedy, until the show's cancellation in 1994.[34] Her co-stars included Justin Timberlake, Britney Spears, Ryan Gosling and Keri Russell where they nicknamed her "the Diva"[35] for her performance style and voice. At the age of fourteen, Aguilera recorded her first song, "All I Wanna Do", a hit duet with Japanese singer Keizo Nakanishi.[36] In 1997, she represented the United States at the international Golden Stag Festival with a two-song set.[37] Aguilera entered talent contests on "teen night" at the Pegasus Lounge, a gay and lesbian nightclub in Pittsburgh,[38] and later at Lilith Fair.[39] In 1998, Aguilera sent in a demo of her singing Whitney Houston's "Run to You" to Disney who were looking for a singer to record the song "Reflection" for their animated feature film Mulan (1998).[40] The demo caught the attention of producer and label executive Ron Fair who would later mentor her throughout her career and led to Aguilera earning a contract with RCA Records the same week.[9] "Reflection" peaked within the top twenty on the Adult Contemporary Singles Chart, and it was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song.
[edit] 1999–01: Christina Aguilera, Mi Reflejo and new management
Under the exclusive representation of Steve Kurtz, Aguilera's self-titled debut album Christina Aguilera was released on August 24, 1999. It reached the top of the Billboard 200 and Canadian album charts, shipping eight million copies in the US[41] and over seventeen million copies worldwide.[42] The album is also included in the Top 100 Albums of All Time list of The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) based on US sales.[43] Released during the teen pop era of 1999 the album was well received by several critics, Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic writes that Aguilera's debut "remains firmly within the teen-oriented dance-pop genre, but done right." Concluding that the album is "lightweight in the best possible sense – breezy, fun, engaging, and enjoyable on each repeated listen. Out of the deluge of teen-pop albums in 1999, this feels like the best of the lot."[44] Her debut single, "Genie in a Bottle" was an instant hit reaching No.1 on the Billboard Hot 100 and in several countries worldwide. Her follow-up singles "What a Girl Wants" and "Come On Over Baby (All I Want Is You)" topped the Hot 100 as well during 1999 and 2000 while "I Turn to You" reached number three. She is one of the few artists to have multiple No.1 singles from a debut album in Billboard's history.[45] She made a cameo appearance on an episode of Beverly Hills, 90210, performed on MTV's New Year's Special as MTV's first artist of the millennium, and the Super Bowl XXXIV halftime show. Aguilera wanted to display the range and audacity in her voice during the promotion of the album, and performed acoustic sets and appeared on television shows accompanied only by a piano. At the 42nd Grammy Awards Aguilera received a Best Female Pop Vocal Performance Grammy nomination for "Genie in a Bottle" and despite earlier predictions, she won the Grammy Award for Best New Artist.[46]
In 2000, Aguilera began recording her first Spanish-language album with producer Rudy Pérez in Miami.[47][48] Later in 2000, Aguilera, first emphasized her Latin heritage by releasing her first Spanish album, Mi Reflejo on September 12, 2000. This album contained Spanish versions of songs from her English debut as well as new Spanish tracks. Though some criticized Aguilera for trying to cash in on the Latin music boom at the time. According to Pérez, Aguilera was only semi-fluent, while recording. She understood the language, because she has grown up with her father, who is a native of Ecuador. He added "Her Latin roots are undeniable".[47] The album peaked at number twenty-seven on the Billboard 200 and went No.1 on the Billboard Latin charts for a record 20 weeks. In 2001, it won Aguilera a Latin Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Album. The album was later certified 6× Platinum (Latin field) in the US Aguilera won the World Music Award and Billboard award as the best selling Latin artist that year. Aguilera also released a Christmas album, My Kind of Christmas, on October 24, 2000 and performed "The Christmas Song" at the White House that year.[41] The album's only single, "The Christmas Song" made Aguilera one of three artists to take the song into the top twenty on the Billboard Hot 100.[49] The single and My Kind of Christmas were both certified Platinum in the US[50][51] Aguilera was Billboard's top female artist for 2000.[52]
Aguilera's first concert tour, Christina Aguilera: In Concert (also known as "Sears & Levis Tour ") began in the summer of 2000 in the US and ended early 2001 where she toured South America and Asia. A concert special aired on ABC titled My Reflection which was released to DVD and certified Gold in the US.[53] Aguilera was rumored to have dated MTV VJ Carson Daly.[54] Rumors of their relationship were fueled after the release of Eminem's song, "The Real Slim Shady" in which he also insinuated a romance between her and rocker Fred Durst. Aguilera responded saying the lyrics were "disgusting, offensive and, above all, not true."[55] Their feud ended two years later backstage at the Video Music Awards after Aguilera presented the rapper an award onstage.[56] She dated Puerto Rican dancer Jorge Santos. Santos appeared on her tour and music videos throughout 2000. They dated for nearly two years until the relationship ended on September 11, 2001.[57] He remained her dancer well into 2002.[58]
Ricky Martin asked Aguilera to duet with him on the track "Nobody Wants to Be Lonely" from his album Sound Loaded; released in 2001 as the album's second single. The single reached No.1 on the World Chart and top ten in several countries. In 2001, Aguilera, Lil' Kim, Mýa, and Pink were chosen to remake Labelle's 1975 single "Lady Marmalade" for the film Moulin Rouge! and its soundtrack. The song peaked at No.1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for five weeks and was the most successful airplay-only single in history.[59] It also reached number one in eleven other countries and earned all four performers a Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals. Aguilera's appearance in the music video was compared to that of Twisted Sister frontman Dee Snider.[60] The video won two MTV Video Music Awards including Video of the Year in 2001, where Aguilera accepted the award saying, "I guess the big hair paid off."[61]
That same year, the single "Just Be Free" emerged into record stores which was one of the demos Aguilera recorded when she was around fifteen years old. When RCA Records discovered the single, they advised fans not to purchase it.[62] Months later, Warlock Records was set to release Just Be Free, an album which contains the demo tracks. Aguilera filed a breach of contract and unfair competition suit against Warlock and the album's producers to block the release.[63] Instead, the two parties came to a settlement to release the album. Aguilera lent out her name, likeness and image for an unspecified amount of damages. Many of the details of the lawsuit remain confidential. When the album was released in August 2001, it had a photograph of Aguilera when she was fifteen years old.[64]
Although Aguilera's debut album was commercially successful, she was dissatisfied with the music and image her management had created for her. Aguilera was marketed as a bubblegum pop singer because of the genre's upward financial trend.[65] She mentioned plans of her next album to have much more depth, both musically and lyrically.[66] Aguilera's views of Steve Kurtz's influence in matters of the singer's creative direction, the role of being her exclusive personal manager and overscheduling had in part caused her to seek legal means of terminating their management contract. In October 2000, Aguilera filed a breach of fiduciary duty lawsuit against her manager Kurtz for improper, undue and inappropriate influence over her professional activities, as well as fraud. According to legal documents, Kurtz did not protect her rights and interests. Instead, he took action that was for his own interest, at the cost of hers. She petitioned the California State Labor Commission to nullify the contract. Aguilera revealed while recording her then upcoming album, "I was being overworked. You find out that someone you thought was a friend is stealing money behind your back, and it's heartbreaking. I put faith in the people around me, and unfortunately, it bit me in the butt."[67] After terminating Kurtz's services, Irving Azoff was hired as her new manager.
[edit] 2002–05: New image, Stripped and marriage
On October 26, 2002, Aguilera's fourth studio album, Stripped, was released. The album sold more than 330,000 copies in the first week and peaked at number two on the Billboard 200. Unlike her previous work, the album showcased Aguilera's raunchier side.[68] The majority of Stripped was co-written by Aguilera (who had recently signed a global music publishing contract with BMG Music Publishing), and was influenced by many different subjects and music styles, including contemporary R&B, gospel, soul, balladry, pop rock, and hip hop.[69] The majority of the album was produced by Scott Storch and singer-songwriter Linda Perry who produced her more personal records. Rockwilder and singer Alicia Keys also contributed a track each. Upon initial release, the album was very well received by critics, although Aguilera's vocals were overlooked as she began to cultivate a more sexually provocative image.[70] After the release of the album, she took part in photoshoots for magazines, many of these photographs featured her nude or semi-nude. Her cover for Rolling Stone,[71] featured the singer only wearing boots and a well-placed electric guitar. It was during this time Aguilera referred to herself as "Xtina", even getting a tattoo of her nickname on the back of her neck and several piercings.[72]
Initially, the raunchy image had a negative effect on Aguilera in the US, especially after the release of her controversial "Dirrty" music video.[11] She denied that this change was a matter of publicity, claiming that the image better reflected her true personality than did the image she cultivated back in 1999. Aguilera defended the video stating it was about power and control adding, "I'm also at the forefront. I'm in the power position, in complete command of everything around me."[41] While the video for "Dirrty" became very popular on MTV, it disappointed on the US singles chart. However, the single was a hit worldwide, reaching No.1 in the UK and Ireland. The second single, "Beautiful" received critical praise. The classically influenced ballad reached number one in several countries and peaked at No.2 in the US. "Beautiful" earned Aguilera the Grammy for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance. Three more singles ("Fighter", "Can't Hold Us Down" featuring Lil' Kim, "The Voice Within") were released in the following two years and were hits that helped the album stay on the charts for the next two years. Stripped stayed on the U.S. and UK album charts well into 2004, and went on to be certified four-times platinum in the US with over thirteen million copies sold worldwide.[73] It appeared at number ten on Billboard's year-end album chart and Aguilera was the top female artist for 2003.[74] Kelly Clarkson's second single "Miss Independent" was co-written by Aguilera, having been half-finished for Stripped.
Aguilera joined Justin Timberlake that June on the final leg of his international Justified tour, held in the US. This portion of the tour became a co-headliner called the Justified/Stripped Tour. In August, an overhead lighting grid collapsed from the ceiling of the Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey, causing major damage to the sound and video equipment below. Because the collapse occurred hours before the show, only a few stagehands were injured, but a few shows were cancelled or postponed. In the fourth quarter of that year, Aguilera continued to tour internationally without Timberlake, and changed the name of the tour to the Stripped World Tour. She also dyed her hair black. It was one of the top-grossing tours of that year, and sold out most of its venues. Rolling Stone readers named it the best tour of the year.[75] That same year she hosted the 2003 MTV Europe Music Awards and was a special guest performer with the Pussycat Dolls' dance troupe performing at the Roxy Theatre and Viper Room in Los Angeles. She also appeared on a Maxim spread alongside them, her second Maxim cover that year set record sales for the issue making it the top selling issue to date. By the end of the year she topped the annual Hot 100 list saying, "we had fun working with certain clothes, or the lack thereof."[76][77][78]
Aguilera's first DVD live-recording from a concert tour, Stripped Live in the U.K., was released in November 2004. In light of the tour's success, another U.S. tour was scheduled to begin in mid-2004 with a new theme. The tour however was scrapped because of the vocal cord injuries Aguilera suffered shortly before the tour's opening date. In a tribute to Madonna's performance at the inaugural MTV Video Music Awards, Aguilera performed a kiss with the singer-actress at the 2003 edition of the ceremony in August. The incident occurred during the opening performance of Madonna's songs "Like a Virgin" and "Hollywood" with fellow popstar Britney Spears.[41] Also in 2004, she hosted a Saturday Night Live episode which included a Sex & The City skit where she portrayed Samantha Jones revealing to everyone she was a man the entire time.[79]
Aguilera later decided to embrace a more mature image; this move was met with more praise than criticism, with articles using punch lines such as "From Crass to Class."[80] She eventually dyed her hair cherry blonde and recorded a jingle, "Hello", for a Mercedes-Benz ad. Shortly after, she dyed her hair flaxen blonde and cut it short, and took on a Marilyn Monroe look; she is one of the main proponents (along with Dita Von Teese, Gwen Stefani, and Ashley Judd) in bringing back the 1920s–1940s Hollywood glamour look.[81][82] In late summer 2004, Aguilera released two singles. The first, "Car Wash", was a remake of the Rose Royce disco song recorded as a collaboration with rapper Missy Elliott for the soundtrack to the film Shark Tale. She voiced a small singing part in the film playing a Rastafarian jellyfish in the film's closing musical number. The second song was also a collaboration, but this time as a second single from one of Nelly's double-release albums, Sweat, titled "Tilt Ya Head Back". Both singles failed commercially in the US, but did considerably better in other parts of the world. Aguilera collaborated with jazz artist Herbie Hancock on a cover of Leon Russell's "A Song for You" recorded for Hancock's album Possibilities, released in August 2005. Aguilera and Hancock were later nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals. She helped open the 50th Anniversary for Disneyland performing "When You Wish upon a Star", and she also collaborated with Andrea Bocelli on the song "Somos Novios" for his album Amore. Aguilera began dating music marketing executive Jordan Bratman in 2002. Their engagement was announced in February 2005,[83] and they married on November 19, 2005, in a Napa Valley estate.[84]
[edit] 2006–09: Back to Basics, motherhood and greatest hits album
Aguilera's fifth studio album, Back to Basics was released August 15, 2006. The album debuted at No.1 in the US, the UK and eleven other countries. Aguilera described the double CD as "a throwback to the 20s, 30s, and 40s-style jazz, blues, and feel-good soul music, but with a modern twist."[85] The album received generally positive reviews, although many critics commented on the album's length saying, "At one disc, this would have been nothing short of masterful."[86] A review in AllMusic adds, "Back to Basics also makes clear that Stripped was a necessary artistic move for Christina: she needed to get that out of her system in order to create her own style, one that is self-consciously stylized, stylish, and sexy."[87] The critically acclaimed lead single "Ain't No Other Man" was a substantial success, reaching No. 2 on the World Chart, No.6 in the US, and No.2 in the UK. Producers on the album included DJ Premier, Kwamé, Linda Perry, and Mark Ronson. The follow-up singles did very well in different regions, "Hurt" in Europe and "Candyman" in the Pacific. She co-directed both music videos, the former with Floria Sigismondi who directed her "Fighter" video, and the latter, "Candyman", with director/photographer Matthew Rolston which was inspired by The Andrews Sisters.[88] Back to Basics has sold 4.5 million units worldwide,[89] with over 1.7 million sold in the US.[90]
In late 2006, Aguilera collaborated with Sean "Diddy" Combs on a track, titled "Tell Me", from his album Press Play. She also began the Back to Basics Tour in Europe[91] followed by a 41-date North American tour in early 2007.[92] After this, she toured Asia and Australia, where it was supposed to end on August 3, however she canceled her dates in Melbourne and her final two in Auckland due to an illness.[93] Her extravagant arena tour included cabaret, three-ring circus and juke joint sets and 10 piece costumes designed by Roberto Cavalli.[94] She released her concert DVD Back to Basics: Live and Down Under the following year. The tour grossed nearly 50 million by the end of the year in North America and an additional 40 million worldwide in her Europe and Australia dates, grossing almost 90 million by the end of the tour.[95][96] It was the most successful US tour by a female in 2007.[97]
At the 49th Grammy Awards, Aguilera again won the Best Female Pop Vocal Performance for "Ain't No Other Man". She made a noteworthy performance at the ceremony paying tribute to James Brown with her rendition of his song "It's a Man's Man's Man's World".[98] In January 2007, she was named the 19th richest woman in entertainment by Forbes, with a net worth of US$60 million.[99] Aguilera performed "Steppin' Out With My Baby" with Tony Bennett on his NBC special Tony Bennett: An American Classic and on Saturday Night Live. They performed at the 59th Primetime Emmy Awards where both specials received Emmys. "Steppin' Out" was nominated for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals at the 50th Annual Grammy Awards.
Aguilera confirmed she was pregnant on November 4, 2007,[100] though Paris Hilton accidentally revealed her pregnancy several weeks prior during a party Aguilera hosted.[101] She gave birth to her son, Max Liron Bratman, in Los Angeles on January 12, 2008 and held a bris for him with Bratman, who is of Jewish descent, where the baby was circumcised in accordance with Jewish practice.[102] Aguilera was reportedly paid $1.5 million by People for her son's baby pictures—the sixth most expensive celebrity baby photos ever taken.[103]
In 2008, Aguilera appeared in the Martin Scorsese documentary Shine a Light which chronicles a two day Rolling Stones concert in New York City's Beacon Theatre. The film features Aguilera performing "Live With Me" alongside Mick Jagger. Shine a Light premiered at the Berlin Film Festival and was released worldwide on April 4, 2008. She also had brief cameo in the comedy film Get Him to the Greek,[104] and appeared as a guest judge on the sixth season of Project Runway on Lifetime Television. She and designer Bob Mackie were the inspiration for the challenge in which they had to design a stage outfit for Aguilera. To commemorate Aguilera's ten years in the music industry, RCA Records released, Keeps Gettin' Better: A Decade of Hits on November 11, 2008, exclusively at Target stores in the US. The greatest hits included her first three number one singles, and other songs released from her previous three albums. "Lady Marmalade" and several Spanish singles from Mi Reflejo were included in the worldwide releases. The album's only single, "Keeps Gettin' Better", was premiered at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards, which debuted and peaked at No.7 on the Billboard Hot 100, her highest debut on the chart. Following the greatest hits, Aguilera took over a year hiatus in 2009 working on her then upcoming album and film. She was one of Billboard's Top 20 Artists of the Decade in their year-end charts.[105]
[edit] 2010–11: Bionic, Burlesque and The Voice
Aguilera's sixth studio album Bionic was released on June 8, 2010. The album's producers included Tricky Stewart, Samuel Dixon, Polow da Don, Le Tigre, Switch, Ester Dean, songwriters Sam Endicott, Sia Furler, Claude Kelly, Linda Perry and collaborations with M.I.A., Santigold, Nicki Minaj, and Peaches. Bionic's material consisted of many mainstream and pop records along with electronic and dance music. Two of the album's three singles, "Not Myself Tonight" and "You Lost Me" peaked at No.1 on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play Charts[106] but were unsuccessful elsewhere. "Woohoo", featuring rapper Nicki Minaj, was also released as the album's second single. The album was released to mixed reviews from music critics,[107][15] with Jon Pareles of The New York Times writing that the singer's new music direction "makes her sound as peer-pressured as a pop singer can be."[108] Allison Stewart of The Washington Post described the album as being "noisy, robotic and overstuffed" adding that the disc's "greatest disappointments" is its "virtual abandonment" of Aguilera's voice.[109] She concluded that Aguilera attempts "to do it all," which was to try to "revel in her newfound domesticity, to wrest her crown from Gaga and to reestablish her sex kitten bona fides."[109] Sales of Bionic were underwhelming in the US compared to her previous releases selling 110,000 copies in its first week landing at No.3.[110][111] It has since sold 295,000 copies in the US.[112] Shortly after the album's release, further promotion ended and a scheduled summer tour for the album was cancelled due to "inadequate rehearsal time".[113] "You Lost Me" was her first single to not chart the Hot 100 while Bionic was her first English studio album not to receive a Grammy nomination. Aguilera later responded in an interview saying, "I was really proud of that record. I think there was a lot of promotion issues, coming from a standpoint of how everything resulted. Nothing is ever a setback. If anything, it just motivates you for what’s next."[114]
Aguilera announced that she and Bratman had separated, saying in a statement, "Although Jordan and I are separated, our commitment to our son Max remains as strong as ever."[115][116] Aguilera filed for divorce from Bratman on October 14, 2010, seeking joint legal and physical custody of their son, and specifying September 11, 2010, as the date of separation.[117][118] They later reached a settlement agreement and custody deal, details of their agreement were private.[119] Their divorce was finalized on April 15, 2011.[120] The following month, Aguilera appeared as herself on the Entourage season seven finale as a client/friend of Ari Gold.[121] On November 15, 2010, Aguilera received a Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.[122]
In November 2010, Aguilera appeared in her first feature film, the musical Burlesque. She portrayed a small town girl, Ali Rose, who finds love and success in a Los Angeles neo-burlesque club.[123] Aguilera performed eight of the musical numbers on the film's soundtrack released on November 22, 2010, and co-wrote a number of the tracks working with producers and writers including Tricky Stewart, Sia Furler, Samuel Dixon, Linda Perry, Claude Kelly, Danja, and Ron Fair. The remaining two tracks were sung by Cher, who co-starred alongside Aguilera. The soundtrack debuted in the top 20 in the US and was certified Gold.[124][125] The film was written and directed by Steve Antin who wrote the part of Ali specifically with Aguilera in mind.[126] Aguilera's co-stars also included Cam Gigandet, Eric Dane, Kristen Bell and Stanley Tucci. Several critics praised Aguilera's performance. A review in TIME states, "Aguilera might not be to your taste, or mine, but in terms of sheer power, she's impressive. If Ali were real, she'd have already been discovered on American Idol."[127] While Variety wrote, "Aguilera, while undeniably entertaining when her character is onstage, cannot spin the slight backstory into anything resembling a full-blooded person."[128] Though Burlesque was released to mixed reviews from critics,[129][130] the film received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Picture – Musical or Comedy and earned Aguilera, writer/producer Sia Furler and Samuel Dixon, a nomination for Best Original Song for the track "Bound to You". The soundtrack also earned Aguilera a Grammy nomination for Best Compilation Soundtrack. Burlesque has grossed over $90 million worldwide.[131]
Following the release of Burlesque, Aguilera collaborated with rapper T.I. on the track, "Castle Walls" from his album No Mercy. Aguilera performed the U.S. national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner", during the Super Bowl XLV on February 6, 2011, and created embarrassment when she omitted a line of the anthem and messed up the song's lyrics.[132] She later apologized, telling CNN that "I got so caught up in the moment of the song that I lost my place. I can only hope that everyone could feel my love for this country and that the true spirit of its anthem still came through."[133] The following week, Aguilera, alongside Jennifer Hudson, Martina McBride, Yolanda Adams, and Florence Welch opened the 53rd Grammy Awards paying tribute to Aretha Franklin.
Aguilera began dating musician and production assistant, Matt Rutler whom she met during the filming of Burlesque. Her personal life was the subject of scrutiny;[19] and reports over out of control behavior, excessive drinking,[134][135] and a reported confrontation with her co-star Julianne Hough.[136][137] On March 1, 2011, Aguilera was arrested for public intoxication in West Hollywood as her boyfriend was arrested for DWI.[138] She was later released on bail and no charges were filed.[139][140] Although the L.A. Sheriff's office stated Aguilera's mug shot would not be released to the public, E! News obtained the mug shot which circulated social networks and the media shortly after her release.[141] Rutler's DWI charge was dismissed due to insufficient evidence, after his BAC was determined as below the legal limit.[142]
Aguilera signed to be a judge on The Voice, which debuted on NBC in April 2011. Aguilera, alongside other musicians Adam Levine, Blake Shelton and Cee Lo Green serve as judges and coaches, with Carson Daly as the show's host. The show's first episode was well-received, and delivered the strongest ratings for a series premiere on a major network since Undercover Boss debuted after the Super Bowl in February 2010.[143][144] The show's first season was a ratings success for NBC following its debut.[145][146] Aguilera performed "Moves Like Jagger" on The Voice – the single with Maroon 5 on which she is featured, from their album Hands All Over. The song was an instant hit reaching No.2 in the UK, No.1 on the World Chart and earned Aguilera her fifth No.1 single on the Billboard Hot 100, a decade after her last No.1, "Lady Marmalade".[147] The single became the first 4 million-seller for both artists and marks the first time two former Best New Artist Grammy Award winners have collaborated on a Hot 100 hit.[49] "Moves Like Jagger" was nominated for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance at the Grammy Awards and has since sold over 7 million copies worldwide, establishing itself among the best-selling singles of all time.[148].
2012–present: Seventh studio album and current projects[link]
The second season of The Voice premiered following Super Bowl XLVI. Aguilera performed a cover of "At Last" by Etta James at James' funeral on January 28, 2012.[149][150] Aguilera recorded her first Spanish-language track in over a decade titled "Casa de Mi Padre" which was released as the title song for the soundtrack and film of the same name.[151] In regards to her upcoming album, Aguilera stated that she is recording a new studio album in an interview with Live with Regis and Kelly.[152] No official date has been announced but the album is expected to be released in 2012.[153]
Artistry[link]
Vocal ability[link]
Aguilera possesses a soprano[154][155] vocal range and has been referred to as the "voice of her generation" and a blue eyed soul singer.[156][157] Aguilera also topped COVE's list of the 100 Best Pop Vocalists with a score of 50/50[158][159] and came fifth in MTV's 22 Greatest Voices in Music.[160] Her rendition of "It's A Man's Man's Man's World" at the 49th Grammy Awards ranked third in the Grammy's Greatest Moments List behind Celine Dion's performance of "My Heart Will Go On" and Green Day's performance of "American Idiot". In an interview, Dion described Aguilera as "probably the best vocalist in the world."[161] Rolling Stone ranked Aguilera at 58 on their list of the 100 Greatest Singers of All Time, the youngest singer on the list.[21]
Describing Aguilera's voice, singing teachers Phyllis Fulford and Michael Mailler said, "The low register is light and tired, the belting register is ample and full, but very scratchy because she screams; and head voice as well as whistle register are light, pure and bright. Her vocal range extends from G below middle C to C♯ one octave above soprano high C (G3 – C♯7). She can belt to F one octave and a third above middle C (F5). She possesses a good-sized technical arsenal. Her trill is solid, she has a big mastery of melismas, and can sustain very long notes."[162] Los Angeles Times writer Margaret Wappler adds Aguilera can deliver "a well-executed legato."[163]
Since her debut in 1999, Aguilera has been compared to the likes of Mariah Carey and Whitney Houston.[164] David Browne of The New York Times writes, "Aguilera has been one of the foremost practitioners of the overpowering, Category 5 vocal style known as melisma. Ms. Carey, Ms. Houston and Ms. Aguilera, to name its three main champions, are most associated with the period from the late ’80s through the late ’90s."[165] A review in the Los Angeles Times compared Aguilera's vocal stylings to Barbra Streisand, Gladys Knight, and Aretha Franklin adding, "Aguilera's Streisand-esque tendencies are a good thing; they're helping her figure out how to become the "great singer" she's been dubbed since she released her first single, the wise-beyond-its-years "Genie in a Bottle", at 18."[166] Although praised for her vocals, Aguilera has been labeled for oversinging in her songs and concerts.[167] Longtime producer and writer, Linda Perry, commented on working on the track "Beautiful", saying, "I tried to keep it straight. I told her to get rid of the finger waves. Every time she'd start going into "hoo-ha", I'd stop the tape. I'm like, 'You're doing it again.'" Perry ended up using the first take saying, "She had a hard time accepting that as the final track. It's not a perfect vocal – it's very raw. She knows her voice really well, and she knows what's going on. She can hear things that nobody else would catch."[168]
Themes and musical style[link]
The constant theme in Aguilera's music and lyrics is love, although she has written on other subjects including spirituality, female empowerment, and grief. Aguilera has also written about her childhood in two of her records which dealt with domestic abuse. In an interview Aguilera admitted she feels responsible to reveal her most vulnerable feelings and to share the darker sides of her life adding "People that can relate might not feel as alone in the circumstance."[169] She has been noted to constantly changing her sound in her music and lyrical content. Originally marketed as a bubblegum pop singer during the late 90s pop scene, she quickly departed into a broad range of musical genres for her follow-up album Stripped. A review states, "Clearly afflicted with Premature Serious Artist Syndrome, Aguilera wants to demonstrate the range of her interests – vampy soul, quasi-metal, piano-bar intimacy, quiet-storm R&B, bounce-bounce hip-hop, and semi-exotic rock, all of it dutifully accomplished."[69]
The majority of the songs are characterized by Aguilera's loud vocals, though she has used breathy and soft vocals.[170] Her 2006 release, Back to Basics included producer DJ Premier. The New York Times exclaims, "Her decision to work with the low-key DJ Premier was also a decision to snub some of the big-name producers on whom pop stars often rely."[171] Aguilera has often cited that she prefers working with producers that are not in popular demand, saying "I don't necessarily go to the main people that are the No.1 chart-toppers in music."[172] The album included live instrumentation and samples of past jazz and soul records. Some tracks on the album included non-traditional forms of pop music such as swing jazz and big band, drawing comparisons to Madonna's I'm Breathless and the musical film Cabaret.[173] Her first feature film, Burlesque, influenced by Cabaret, featured mainstream producers Tricky Stewart and Danja on the soundtrack where several established songs were updated and worked into dance numbers, a style similar to 2001's Moulin Rouge! "Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend" was performed by Aguilera in the film, a musical number also performed by Nicole Kidman in Moulin Rouge!
Influences[link]
One of Aguilera's major influences and idol is blues singer Etta James, whose classic song "At Last" has been covered by Aguilera throughout her career. Aguilera says, "Etta is my all-time favorite singer. I've said it for the last seven years – since I had my first debut record out – in every interview. I mean, all of Etta's old songs, countless songs I could name, I grew up listening to."[174] Following James' death in 2012, Aguilera was asked to perform "At Last" at her funeral.[149] Prior to performing Aguilera stated, "There's a line in this song that says 'I found a dream that I could speak to.' And for me that dream, all my life, has been Etta James."[175] The majority of her album, Back to Basics, pays tribute to James and other pop standard singers who many originated from the 1950s. In her early years she listened to vintage jazz, blues, and soul music.[176] The album included an unreleased song, "Slow Down Baby", which sampled a Gladys Knight & the Pips song. A review in The Guardian declared, "Practically everything recorded before Aguilera was born blurs into one amorphous genre, which she categorises, somewhat inadequately, as "fun music".[177] Aguilera has also named Madonna and Janet Jackson as two of her biggest influences "for being re-inventive and being brave as strong females, to explore whatever, even if they do get bad press. It's just like they were fearless."[178] Her other musical influences include Aretha Franklin,[179] Whitney Houston,[180] and Nina Simone.[181]
Aguilera cites the musical The Sound of Music and its lead actress, Julie Andrews as an early inspiration for singing and performing.[182] She mentioned the "Golden age of Hollywood" as another inspiration in which she says, "I'm referencing Marlene Dietrich, Marilyn Monroe, Carole Lombard, Greta Garbo, Veronica Lake".[183] Ironically, her star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame is located near Julie Andrews and is next to Greta Garbo.[184] In her music video for "Ain't No Other Man" she plays her alter ego, "Baby Jane" in reference to the film Whatever Happened to Baby Jane?.[185] The film's stars included actresses Bette Davis and Joan Crawford. The third single off Back to Basics, "Candyman" was inspired by the 1941 song, "Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy" by The Andrews Sisters which was played during World War II. She was also inspired by pin-up girls and several paintings by Alberto Vargas. Aguilera has expressed interest in cultural icons Nico, Blondie and artists Roy Lichtenstein and Andy Warhol.[186] She has often worked with photographer and close friend, David LaChapelle who once worked with Warhol. Chapelle has shot many of Aguilera's music videos, magazine shoots and advertisements. She is also a fan of graffiti artist Banksy. In 2006, she purchased three of Banksy's works during a private art exhibition; one of them included a pornographic picture of Queen Victoria in a lesbian pose with a prostitute.[187] She has mentioned in several interviews that she is a fan of actress Angelina Jolie,[188] and her Burlesque co-star, Cher.[114] Fashion has also been a part of Aguilera's music career and image which she has used as a form of expression during performances and music videos. In 2003, she became the muse and inspiration for Donatella Versace's 2003 fall line. Versace also designed pieces her tour the following year. Aguilera is also a fan of Roberto Cavalli, John Galliano, Marc Jacobs, and Alexander McQueen whose designs she has worn throughout her career.[189][190]
Other ventures[link]
In 2000, Aguilera was the face for make-up line Fetish where she worked in choosing colors and packaging for the line. She ended her contract the following year.[191] Throughout her career Aguilera has endorsed several brands, including Skechers, Mercedes-Benz, Verizon Wireless, and soft drink giants Coca-Cola in 2001, and Pepsi in 2006.[192] She became the muse and model for fashion house Versace appearing in a campaign for the 2003 fall line.[193] In 2004, Aguilera earned £200,000GBP (about $300,000USD)[194] for opening the summer sale at London's Harrods store which took in record breaking profits during the four week period.[195] In 2005, she was reportedly paid $3.6 million[196] to sing a three song set for Russian billionaire Andrey Melnichenko's wedding. Aguilera signed a contract with European cell phone operator Orange to promote the new Sony Ericsson Walkman phone during the 2006 World Cup. In 2010, Aguilera was paid $1 million by investor Charles Brandes to perform at a private party.[197]
In 2008, jewelry designer Stephen Webster and close friend of Aguilera released "Shattered", a collection of sterling silver pieces, through Neiman Marcus and Bergdorf Goodman. Aguilera, who inspired the collection, was featured as a Hitchcock heroine saying, "Working together on this campaign and collection has been an incredible experience. I am honored to be a part of it all."[198][199] They reprised their work together for Webster's 2009 spring line.[200] In 2011, Aguilera attended São Paulo Fashion Week to premiere her new line of clothing for Brazilian department store C&A which launched in April.[201]
Aguilera released two fragrances throughout Europe, the first one Xpose, was released in late 2004 and sold relatively well.[202][203] Through Procter and Gamble Aguilera released her signature fragrance, Simply Christina in 2007.[204] In Christmas 2007, the fragrance became the number one perfume in the UK,[205] and later in 2009 it became the 4th best selling perfume in the UK,[206] and Germany where it topped sales for the year.[207] The perfume won as the people's choice for favorite celebrity fragrance at the annual UK Fifi Awards 2008.[208] She released her third fragrance, Inspire, accompanied with a body care collection, on September 1, 2008.[209][210] The perfume hit shelves in the US, Canada, Latin America, Asia and Northern and Eastern Europe. It was Aguilera's first fragrance released outside of Europe.[211] Her worldwide ad campaign included a television ad shot by David LaChapelle and was released in the US through Macy's department stores. The release coincided with Macy's 150th anniversary which featured Aguilera in commemorative photos.[212] She released her fourth fragrance By Night in October,[213] which became the third best selling fragrance in the UK in 2009.[206] Both “By Day“ and “By Night“ were nominated for Best Perfume of the Year at the FIFI Awards 2011.[214] The range was further augmented by Royal Desire in 2010,[215] and Secret Potion the following year.[216]
Philanthropy[link]
Throughout her career, Aguilera has been involved with several charities. She signed a letter from PETA to the South Korean government asking that the country stop its alleged killing of dogs for food.[217] During her 2007 tour she unknowingly wore a fur stole during the beginning of her tour, which designer Roberto Cavalli provided without informing Aguilera. After receiving a video from PETA Vice President Dan Mathews on the treatment of foxes, she replaced the stole with faux fur for the remainder of her tour. Aguilera was reportedly upset adding, "I only ever wear fake fur".[218] In 2010 Aguilera auctioned off tickets for her upcoming tour for Christie's A Bid to Save the Earth. Proceeds benefit nonprofit environmental groups Conservation International, Oceana, Natural Resources Defense Council, and The Central Park Conservancy.[219] Aguilera also supports Defenders of Wildlife, Missing Kids, National Alliance of Breast Cancer Organizations,[220] Women's Cancer Research Fund,[221] and Cedars-Sinai Women's Cancer Research Institute.[222] She has also worked alongside nonprofit organization Do Something saying, "Every individual has the power to inspire young people across the country."[223]
In 2010, Aguilera was nominated for a VH1 Do Something Award for her work with the organization and her efforts in the response to the 2010 Haiti earthquake. She was featured in the campaign for photographer, Brie Childers with the goal of helping women of all ages, races and lifestyles feel beautiful and confident about themselves and the body and skin they were born with. Proceeds from benefit several women's charities nationwide.[224] Aguilera is still a major contributor in her hometown of Pittsburgh contributing regularly to the Women's Center & Shelter of Greater Pittsburgh. According to her official website, she toured the center and donated $200,000 to the shelter. She also has auctioned off front row seats and back stage passes for the Pittsburgh-based charity.[225] She has continued her donations and visits to the shelter, and plans to open an additional one.[226] She also supports the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence and Refuge UK.[220] Since then she has worked with Lifetime Television's 'End violence against women' campaign. Her work there included a public service announcement which aired on the network and during her 2007 tour.[227]
Aguilera is a supporter of the LGBT community and is considered a gay icon by many[who?]. She was honored at the GLAAD Awards for using gay and transgender images in her music video for "Beautiful". When accepting the award Aguilera said, "My video captures the reality that gay and transgender people are beautiful, even though prejudice and discrimination against them still exists."[228] In 2005, she appeared on a compilation album titled, Love Rocks, proceeds benefit the Human Rights Campaign, an organization dedicated to fighting for equal rights for gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgendered people. In 2008, she publicly spoke out against California's Proposition 8 which eliminates same-sex marriage in California saying, "Why you would put so much money behind something [aimed at] stopping people from loving each other and bonding together? I just don't understand it. It's hard for me to grasp. But I would've been out there with my rally sign as well."[229] In 2011 Aguilera was honored at The Abbey, a gay club in West Hollywood, for her contributions to the gay community as the first honoree on their Gay Walk of Fame joining Dame Elizabeth Taylor in being immortalized forever.[230]
Aguilera contributes in the fight against AIDS, by participating in AIDS Project Los Angeles' Artists Against AIDS "What's Going On?" cover project. In 2004, Aguilera became the new face for cosmetic company M·A·C and spokesperson for M·A·C AIDS Fund. Aguilera appeared in advertisements of the M·A·C's Viva Glam V lipstick and lipgloss, and was featured on Vanity Fair in recognition of her campaign work. In addition, Aguilera contributed to YouthAIDS by posing for a joint YouthAIDS and Aldo Shoes campaign for "Empowerment Tags" in Canada, the U.S. and the UK. She was featured with one of three ubiquitous slogans, "Speak No Evil?" and stated, "HIV is something that people don’t want to talk about, hear about, or face."[231][232] Singer Elton John featured Aguilera in his charity book titled "Four Inches" benefiting the Elton John AIDS Foundation.[233] Elton also hand-picked Aguilera, for his annual "Fashion Rocks" charity concert which accompanies music and fashion to benefit the fight against AIDS/HIV.[234]
In the run-up to the 2004 United States presidential election, Aguilera was featured on billboards for the "Only You Can Silence Yourself" online voter registration drive run by the nonpartisan, non-profit campaign "Declare Yourself". In these political advertisements, shot by David LaChapelle, Aguilera was shown with her mouth sewn shut, to symbolize the effects of not voting. She appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show to discuss the importance of voting. In late 2007 Aguilera became the spokesperson for "Rock the Vote" where she urged young people to vote in the 2008 presidential election.[235] In partnership with "Rock the Vote", she appeared in a public service announcement which aired in summer 2008. The advert showed Aguilera with her son, Max Bratman, wrapped in an American flag, while singing "America the Beautiful".
In November 2005, all of her wedding gifts were submitted to various charities around the nation in support of Hurricane Katrina victims.[236] That year she also performed at "Unite of the Stars" concert in aid of Unite Against Hunger in Johannesburg, South Africa and at the Nelson Mandela Children's Fund at the Coca-Cola Dome.[237] In March 2007 Aguilera took part in a charity album (remaking Lennon's "Mother"), proceeds benefit Amnesty International's efforts to end genocide in Darfur. The album titled, Instant Karma: The Amnesty International Campaign to Save Darfur, was released June 12, 2007, and featured various artists.[238] In 2008, she headlined London's Africa Rising charity concert at Royal Albert Hall which raises awareness for finding substantial issues facing the continent.[239] Later that year she appeared on the Turkish version of Deal or No Deal "Var mısın? Yok musun?", where proceeds were donated to a charity program for orphans.[240]
In 2009, Aguilera became the global spokesperson for World Hunger Relief appearing in advertisements, online campaigns and a public service announcement.[241] Aguilera and her then-husband traveled to Guatemala with the World Food Programme to bring awareness to issues such as the high malnutrition rate in that country. She met with families of the villages and some of the beneficiaries of WFP's nutrition programs. Aguilera adds, "The people of WFP do such a great job helping hungry children and mothers. I'm thankful for the opportunity to be part of such a wonderful project."[242] Since becoming a global spokeswoman Aguilera has helped raise over $22 million which helped provide over 90 million meals.[243] She was honored at Variety's annual "Power of Women" luncheon in late 2009 alongside other women in entertainment for her contribution to philanthropic and charitable causes.[244] In response to the 2010 Haiti earthquake, Aguilera donated a signed Chrysler 300 which was auctioned for relief efforts.[245] She was one of the many artists who appeared on the Hope for Haiti telethon on January 22, 2010, donations directly benefited Oxfam America, Partners In Health, Red Cross and UNICEF. She later appeared on a second public service announcement alongside sports icon Muhammad Ali to raise funds for the World Food Programme's efforts to bring food to survivors of the earthquake.[246] Later that year Aguilera made her first visit to Haiti as an ambassador against hunger where she visited two schools in the town of Léogâne. During her time there she assisted in the ongoing efforts to help the badly damaged town where she served meals and highlighted reconstruction efforts in the country.[247] That year, Aguilera was appointed UN ambassador for the WFP.[19]
Discography[link]
Main article: Christina Aguilera discography
- Christina Aguilera (1999)
- Mi Reflejo (2000)
- My Kind of Christmas (2000)
- Stripped (2002)
- Back to Basics (2006)
- Bionic (2010)
- Untitled 10th Album (2012)
Filmography[link]
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1993—1995 | The Mickey Mouse Club | Herself/Various Roles | Season 6–7 |
| 1999 | Beverly Hills, 90210 | Herself | "Let's Eat Cake" (Season 10, Episode 2) |
| 2000 | Al salir de clase | Herself | "El día que no existe" (Season 5, Episode 42) "Augurios" (Season 8, Episode 72) |
| 2000—2006 | Saturday Night Live | Herself/Various Roles/Host/Musical Guest | "Christopher Walken/Christina Aguilera" (Season 25, Episode 16) "Salma Hayek/Christina Aguilera" (Season 28, Episode 15) "Christina Aguilera/Maroon 5" (Season 29, Episode 13) "Alec Baldwin/Christina Aguilera" (Season 32, Episode 5) |
| 2003 | Player$ | Herself | "Hulk" (Season 2, Episode 10) |
| 2003 | Punk'd | Herself | "Ryan Pinkston – VH1 Big in 2002 Awards" (Season 1, Episode 1) |
| 2004 | Shark Tale | Herself/Christina (voice) | Uncredited |
| 2008 | Shine a Light | Herself | Documentary |
| 2009 | Project Runway | Herself / Guest Judge | "Sequins, Feathers and Fur, Oh My!" (Season 6, Episode 9) |
| 2010 | Entourage | Herself | "A Prayer for Dick Butkus" (Season 1, Episode 9) |
| 2010 | Entourage | Herself | "Lose Yourself" (Season 7, Episode 10) |
| 2010 | Get Him to the Greek | Herself | Cameo appearance |
| 2010 | Burlesque | Alice Marilyn "Ali" Rose | Nominated - Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song |
| 2011—present | The Voice | Herself (Coach and judge) | Season 1—present |
Tours[link]
- Headlining
- Christina Aguilera in Concert (2000–01)
- Stripped Live... on Tour (2003)
- Back to Basics Tour (2006–07)
- Co-headlining
- Justified/Stripped Tour (2003) (with Justin Timberlake)
See also[link]
|
Book: Christina Aguilera |
| Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print. | |
- List of Christina Aguilera tours
- List of best-selling music artists
- List of artists who reached number one in the United States
- List of artists who reached number one on the UK Singles Chart
- List of awards and nominations received by Christina Aguilera
- Honorific nicknames in popular music
References[link]
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- ^ Pols, Mary TIME November 24, 2010 Burlesque Review: Dances with Divas Retrieved on December 7, 2010.
- ^ DeBruge, Peter Variety magazine November 18, 2010 Burlesque Retrieved on December 7, 2010.
- ^ "Burlesque Reviews, Ratings, Credits, and More at Metacritic". Metacritic.com. http://www.metacritic.com/movie/burlesque. Retrieved 2011-11-05.
- ^ "Burlesque Movie Reviews, Pictures – Rotten Tomatoes". Rottentomatoes.com. http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/burlesque/. Retrieved 2011-11-05.
- ^ Box Office Mojo, January 2011 Burlesque box office
- ^ Yahoo! Sports February 6, 2011 Aguilera Goofs Up the National Anthem Retrieved on February 6, 2011
- ^ By Wenn.Com (December 12, 2010). "Aguilera sorry for Super Bowl fumble | Music | Entertainment". Toronto Sun. http://www.torontosun.com/entertainment/music/2011/02/07/17179721-wenn-story.html. Retrieved February 7, 2011.
- ^ ""Wasted" Christina Aguilera Passes Out in Jeremy Renner's Bed". US Online. January 19, 2011. http://www.usmagazine.com/celebritynews/news/wasted-christina-aguilera-passes-out-in-jeremy-renners-bed--2011191. Retrieved February 6, 2011.
- ^ "Is Christina Aguilera Spiraling Out of Control?". Yahoo.com. January 24, 2011. http://omg.yahoo.com/news/is-christina-aguilera-spiraling-out-of-control/54821. Retrieved February 6, 2011.
- ^ "Catfight Alert! Christina Aguilera Goes After Julianne Hough". E! Online. January 17, 2011. http://www.eonline.com/uberblog/b220917_catfight_alert_christina_aguilera_goes.html. Retrieved February 6, 2011.
- ^ "Julianne Hough, Christina Aguilera Clash at Globes Party". CBS News. January 18, 2011. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-31749_162-20028757-10391698.html. Retrieved February 6, 2011.
- ^ The Los Angeles Times (March 1, 2011). "Christina Aguilera arrested, released;". The Los Angeles Times. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/gossip/2011/03/christina-aguilera-arrested-boyfriend-matthew-rutler-dui.html. Retrieved March 1, 2011.
- ^ Camille Mann (March 1, 2011). "Christina Aguilera arrested for public drunkenness". CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-504083_162-20037700-504083.html. Retrieved March 1, 2011.
- ^ Erin Skarda (March 1, 2011). "Christina Aguilera Arrested and Jailed for Public Intoxication". TIME magazine. http://newsfeed.time.com/2011/03/01/christina-aguilera-arrested-and-jailed-for-public-intoxication/. Retrieved March 1, 2011.
- ^ Natalie Finn (March 1, 2011). "The Christina Aguilera Mug Shot the Cops Didn't Want You to See". E! Online. http://www.eonline.com/uberblog/b228750_christina_aguilera_mug_shot_cops_didnt.html#ixzz1FOjnt0Uy. Retrieved March 1, 2011.
- ^ "Christina Aguilera's Boyfriend's DUI Charges Dropped". UsMagazine.com. http://www.usmagazine.com/celebritynews/news/christina-aguileras-boyfriends-dui-charges-dropped-2011174. Retrieved July 7, 2011.
- ^ "The Voice posts solid ratings for premiere, encore". CNN. April 28, 2011. http://marquee.blogs.cnn.com/2011/04/28/the-voice-posts-solid-ratings-for-premiere-encore/. Retrieved May 2, 2011.
- ^ Sanger, Craig (May 2, 2011). "You're going to want to turn around for The Voice". The Washington Times. http://communities.washingtontimes.com/neighborhood/tv-den/2011/may/2/youre-going-want-turn-around-voice/. Retrieved May 2, 2011.
- ^ Seidman, Robert (May 4, 2011). "Tuesday Final Ratings: ‘The Voice,’ ‘NCIS,’ ‘Dancing With The Stars,’ ‘Glee,’ ‘The Biggest Loser,’ ‘Hellcats’ Adjusted Up; ‘Raising Hope,’ ‘Traffic Light’ Adjusted Down – Ratings | TVbytheNumbers". Tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com. http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2011/05/04/tuesday-final-ratings-the-voice-ncis-dancing-with-the-stars-the-biggest-loser-adjusted-up-raising-hope-traffic-light-adjusted-down/91583. Retrieved July 7, 2011.
- ^ "The Voice beats NCIS, Dancing With The Stars and Glee in ratings war!". Unreality TV. May 4, 2011. http://www.unrealitytv.co.uk/reality-tv/the-voice-beats-ncis-dancing-with-the-stars-and-glee-in-ratings-war/. Retrieved July 7, 2011.
- ^ "Maroon 5 and Christina Aguilera's 'Moves Like Jagger' Struts To No. 1 on Billboard Hot 100". Billboard. August 31, 2011. http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/industry/record-labels/maroon-5-and-christina-aguilera-s-moves-1005334872.story. Retrieved August 31, 2011.
- ^ "Bruno Mars claims 2 best-selling digital songs of 2011". Music Week. http://www.musicweek.com/story.asp?sectioncode=1&storycode=1048221&c=1. Retrieved 2012-03-08.
- ^ a b >Martinez, Michael (January 28, 2012). "Etta James remembered as an authentic voice at funeral". CNN. http://edition.cnn.com/2012/01/28/showbiz/etta-james-funeral/index.html. Retrieved January 29, 2012.
- ^ "Honouring an icon: Christina Aguilera turns in a powerhouse performance at Etta James' funeral". Daily Mail (London). January 29, 2012. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2093212/Christina-Aguilera-turns-powerhouse-performance-Etta-James-funeral.html. Retrieved January 29, 2012.
- ^ "Christina Aguilera Returns to Latin Roots on Soundtrack Song". Billboard.com. March 7, 2012. http://www.billboard.com/news/christina-aguilera-returns-to-latin-roots-1006392352.story#/news/christina-aguilera-returns-to-latin-roots-1006392352.story. Retrieved March 10, 2012.
- ^ "Christina Aguilera Talks ‘The Voice’ With Regis & Kelly | ..::That Grape Juice // ThatGrapeJuice.net::.. || Thirsty?". Thatgrapejuice.net. May 30, 2011. http://thatgrapejuice.net/2011/05/christina-aguilera-talks-the-voice-regis-kelly/. Retrieved July 7, 2011.
- ^ "Lady Gaga, Madonna, Nicki Minaj Top 2012's Most Anticipated Albums". MTV.com. December 28, 2012. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1676533/most-anticipated-albums-2012.jhtml. Retrieved January 5, 2012.
- ^ Beale, Lauren (2011-08-26). "Christina's Home moving plans 'The LA Times'". Articles.latimes.com. http://articles.latimes.com/2011/aug/26/home/la-hm-hotprop-christina-aguilera-20110826. Retrieved 2011-11-05.
- ^ Hermione Hoby (June 13, 2010). "Christina Interview with The Guardian Newspaper". London: Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/jun/13/christina-aguilera-interview-bionic. Retrieved 2011-11-05.
- ^ Holder, Peter; Jo Casamento (March 10, 2000). "Genie out of a bottle". The Daily Telegraph (Sydney): p. 16.
- ^ Farber, Jim (March 24, 2007). "Christina glitzes up Garden". New York Daily News: p. 16.
- ^ Cove magazine. The 100 Outstanding Pop Vocalists. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.[dead link]
- ^ PopSugar.com (sourced from Cove magazine) The 100 Outstanding Pop Vocalists.
- ^ MTV 22 Greatest Voices". Am I Annoying. Retrieved on December 11, 2007.
- ^ Simon Gage (December 2007). "Queen of the World". Gay Times Magazine. "Next day, Celine very much likes the mention of Christina. "Oh, thank you, " she says, beaming. "That's a real compliment. I love her. She's probably the best vocalist in the world"."
- ^ Phyllis Fulford, Michael Mailler (2009). Apprendre à chanter. Marabout. p. 53. ISBN 978-2-501-06236-7
- ^ Wappler, Margaret (June 7, 2010). "Album review: Christina Aguilera's 'Bionic'". Los Angeles Times. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/music_blog/2010/06/album-review-christina-aguileras-bionic.html. Retrieved June 18, 2010.
- ^ Lamb, Bill Top About.com 40/Pop The Bottom Line About.com Top 40 Retrieved on August 4, 2008.
- ^ Browne, David The New York Times December 24, 2010 Trilling Songbirds Clip Their Wings Retrieved on January 4, 2010.
- ^ Powers, Ann Los Angeles Times August 15, 2006 Old-school? Her? Los Angeles Times Music archives Retrieved on August 4, 2008.
- ^ William, Chris EW.com December 11, 2001 Genie at Full Throttle Entertainment Weekly Music Retrieved on August 4, 2008.
- ^ Hiatt, Brian EW.com October 29, 2002 'Dirrty' Work (Continued) Entertainment Weekly Music Retrieved on August 4, 2008.
- ^ "'Basic' Instinct". Billboard. August 13, 2006. http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/esearch/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1002985896. Retrieved January 3, 2009. [dead link]
- ^ Davies, Luvy BBC News August 14, 2006 Christina Aguilera – Back to Basics BBC Online Pop/Chart Music Review Retrieved on December 16, 2008.
- ^ Sanneh, Kelefa The New York Times August 17, 2006 Honey They’ve Shrunk the Pop Stars Critic's Notebook Music review Retrieved on July 8, 2009.
- ^ New Aguilera Album Set For August By Jonathan Cohen, N.Y – May 11, 2006 – Billboard[dead link]
- ^ Fleming, Michael Variety October 15, 2007 Screen Gems enlists Antin for 'Burlesque' Variety.com Retrieved on January 5, 2010.
- ^ Vineyard, Jennifer (June 28, 2006). Christina Aguilera Can Die Happy – She's Bonded With 'Bad Girl' Idol Etta James". MTV. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
- ^ Farley, Christopher The Wall Street Journal online January 29, 2012 Christina Aguilera Sings "At Last" at Etta James Funeral Retrieved on January 29, 2012.
- ^ MuchMusic online August 2006 Christina Aguilera biography MuchMusic artist page – Back to Basics/Christina Aguilera Retrieved on August 25, 2008.
- ^ Lyskey, Dorian The Guardian August 4, 2006 Christina Aguilera, Back to Basics The Guardian onine album review Retrieved on August 27, 2008.
- ^ Sculley, Alan (September 8, 2000). "What Christina wants". The Patriot Ledger: p. 17.
- ^ Moss, Corey MTV News online April 28, 2006 Christina's New Split-Personality Album Is Mature And 'Dirrty' MTV.com Retrieved on August 7, 2008.
- ^ Billboard Magazine; Al Gomes (June 19, 2001). Christina performs on the 2001 BET Awards in a special tribute to Whitney Houston. BigNoiseNow. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
- ^ Vineyard, Jennifer MTV News August 2007 Christina Aguilera's old soul MTV.com News Retrieved on August 7, 2008.
- ^ Rosen, Craig (September 29, 2000). Christina Aguilera 'Climbs Every Mountain'. Yahoo! Music. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
- ^ Araya, Eric MTV.com June 29, 2006 Christina Channels Marilyn Monroe For Intimate Album Cover MTV online Retrieved on August 25, 2008.
- ^ ABC News Radio November 16, 2010 http://abcnewsradioonline.com/entertainment-news/tag/christina-aguilera Retrieved on February 1, 2011.
- ^ Vineyard, Jennifer MTV.com June 19, 2006 'Ain't No Other Man' Video Has Christina Singing The Blues MTV Online Retrieved on October 31, 2008.
- ^ Vena, Jocelyn November 10, 2009 MTV News Christina Aguilera Looks Back – And Forward – With New LP, Next LP MTV.com Retrieved on November 22, 2009.
- ^ Beard, Matthew The Independent October 20, 2009 Banksy's 'Mona Lisa' breaks auction price record Independent UK online Retrieved on November 20, 2009.
- ^ Reiter, Amy (December 9, 2002). Dirrty flicks. Salon.com. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
- ^ Alexander, Hilary July 7, 2005 Telegraph Galliano celebrates 100 years of Dior with his own 'new look' Retrieved on November 20, 2009.
- ^ Morley-Cartner, Jess June 4, 2004 The Guardian The old black McQueen in London for charity Retrieved on November 20, 2009.
- ^ Christina Aguilera: Inside Beauty (September 15, 2002) Christina's Personal Stylist Steve Sollitto: Inside Beauty with Christina 2 Big Noise Now Retrieved on (March 17, 2008).
- ^ MTV Online; MTV Staff Writer (October 2005). Quick News: Christina shoots ad for Pepsi Retrieved on January 30, 2007.
- ^ Susman, Gary (March 5, 2003). Beautiful: Designer signs new muse and model.. EW. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
- ^ Christina Aguilera Opens Harrods Female First Retrieved on (March 18, 2008).
- ^ Harrods Press Harrods Timeline Harrods Press Timeline Retrieved on (March 18, 2008).[dead link]
- ^ Noon, Chris Forbes.com September 9, 2005 Celebrity Singers Headline Billionaire's Wedding Retrieved on December 7, 2010.
- ^ Cina, Mark (March 5, 2011). "The Shocking Amounts of Money a Singer Can Make Off a Private Performance". The Hollywood Reporter. http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/shocking-amounts-money-a-singer-163861. Retrieved March 5, 2011.
- ^ Conti, Samantha (February 19, 2008). Women's Wear Daily Christina Aguilera Inspires Stephen Webster Silver Line Retrieved on February 19, 2008.
- ^ Celebrities and music (March 10, 2008) Christina Aguilera Talks Shedding Her Baby Weight Access Hollywood Online Retrieved on (March 18, 2008).
- ^ Brown, Rachel (December 18, 2008) Women's Wear Daily Aguilera Goes Retro... Pamela Meets Vivienne Retrieved on January 16, 2009.
- ^ Daily Mail Reporter February 3, 2011 All eyes are on Miss Aguilera's ample cleavage at Sao Paulo launch of her clothing line Retrieved on February 8, 2011.
- ^ "Showbiz Gossip". The Evening Chronicle (Newcastle Chronicle & Journal Ltd): p. 35. January 18, 2007.
- ^ Hazlett, Courtney MSN.com (May 8), (2008) Aguilera’s new scent MSNBC News online Retrieved on (May 9), (2008).
- ^ Christina Aguilera's New Perfume Ad. www.hollyscoop.com. August 8, 2007. Retrieved on October 2, 2007. Archived 27 October 2010 at WebCite
- ^ "Christina Tops Fragrance Charts". Sony BMG UK. December 17, 2007. http://www.sonybmgmusic.co.uk/artists/christina_aguilera/8020/. Retrieved August 9, 2008.
- ^ a b "All Star Perfumes (Vogue.com UK)". Vogue.co.uk. January 15, 2010. http://www.vogue.co.uk/blogs/the-vogue-beauty-blog/articles/100114-all-star-perfumes.aspx. Retrieved September 18, 2010.
- ^ "Ein Grund Zum Feiern: Christina Aguilera". Anziehungskraft. http://www.anziehungskraft.de/index.php?idx=aguilera_duft_des_jahres. Retrieved August 9, 2008. (in German)
- ^ "Marc Jacobs, Tom Ford, and Christina Aguilera Win Top Fragrance Awards". New York Mag. April 24, 2008. http://nymag.com/daily/fashion/2008/04/marc_jacobs_tom_ford_christina_1.html. Retrieved August 9, 2008.
- ^ Born, Pete WWD.com (May 23), (2008) P&G Hopes Aguilera Will 'Inspire' Its Fragrance Fortunes Women's Wear Daily online Retrieved on (May 24), (2008).
- ^ Fragantica (May 23, 2008) Christina Aguilera will present her new perfume Inspire Fragantica news Retrieved (May 24, 2008).
- ^ Stephanie Epiro (July 24, 2008 accessdate=2008-08-27). "P&G Hopes Aguilera Will 'Inspire' Its Fragrance Fortunes". WWD Beauty.
- ^ Business Wire – Macy's July 31, 2008 Mark Seliger Captures Macy’s “Stars” for Commemorative 150th Birthday Images Macy's press release Retrieved on July 31, 2008.,
- ^ Fragrantica Christina Aguilera by Night (for women) Perfume description Retrieved on August 20, 2009.
- ^ ":: Fragrance Foundation : FIFI Nominees ::". Fragrance.org. http://www.fragrance.org/fifi_nominees.php. Retrieved July 7, 2011.
- ^ Fragrance Direct February 22, 2010 Christina Aguilera range featuring Royal Desire eau de toilette Retrieved February 23, 2010
- ^ "Secret Potion Christina Aguilera for women". Fragrantica. http://www.fragrantica.com/perfume/Christina-Aguilera/Secret-Potion-11722.html. Retrieved December 13, 2011.
- ^ Travis, Neal (September 13, 2001). "Terror Attack Blows D.A.'s Timing". New York Post, p. 67. Retrieved on April 21, 2007.
- ^ The PETA Files December 12, 2006 Christina Aguilera's Costume Change PETA.org Archives Retrieved on December 2, 2009.
- ^ Ju, Siel Mother Nature Network February 3, 2010 Christie's celeb-studded Earth Day auction MNN.com Retrieved on February 4, 2010
- ^ a b Christina Aguilera Charities. Retrieved on May 25, 2007. Archived 18 January 2010 at WebCite
- ^ Berliner, Alex (March 3, 2004) Nicole Kidman fashions fight against women’s cancers USA Today Health Retrieved on (March 6, 2008).
- ^ Peden, Lauren David (October 12, 2006) Celebrities Sign On To Help Fight Breast Cancer Fashion Wire Daily Retrieved on (March 12, 2008).
- ^ Press Release (April 27, 2000). Christina Aguilera, Sears and Levi's Launch 'Come On Over and Do... – re> HOFFMAN ESTATES, Ill., April 27 /PRNewswire/ -- Christina Aguilera, Sears and Levi's Launch "Come On Over and Do Something". PRN Newswire. Retrieved on February 27, 2008.
- ^ Brie Childers Charity Brie Childers Homepage Brie Childers photography Retrieved on (March 15, 2008).
- ^ Post Gazette (July 15, 2003). Aguilera auction to aid battered women. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
- ^ MTV News staff (July 27, 2006). Aguilera wants to open domestic-abuse shelter MTV. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
- ^ Yahoo! Finance (April 3, 2007). Multi-Grammy Winner Aguilera Takes Campaign on 'Back to Basics' Concert Tour. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.[dead link]
- ^ Gelman, Jason (March 7, 2003) Christina Aguilera Video Recognized By Gay & Lesbian Alliance Yahoo! Music Retrieved on (March 20, 2008).
- ^ Harris, Chris MTV.com November 7, 2008 Christina Aguilera Speaks Out Against Proposition 8 MTV online Retrieved on November 7, 2008.
- ^ "Christina Aguilera honored at debut of The Abbey's Gay Walk of Fame". ChicagoPride.com. April 21, 2011. http://chicago.gopride.com/news/article.cfm/articleid/18110025/christina-aguilera-honored-at-debut-of-the-abbeys-gay-walk-of-fame-photos. Retrieved April 21, 2011.
- ^ Hear No Evil?. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
- ^ Christina Multimedia. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
- ^ The Book Standard (July 7, 2005). Christina Aguilera's Four Inches . Retrieved on December 10, 2007. Archived 16 January 2010 at WebCite
- ^ Cohen, Jonathan (July 6, 2006). Elton Curating Fashion Rocks, Busy With New CD. Billboard. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
- ^ Channel 4 News(November 14, 2007). Aguilera back voting campaign with Rock the Vote. Retrieved on November 14, 2007.
- ^ Watson, Donna (October 21, 2005). Chrissie Presents. Daily Record. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
- ^ MTV News staff (October 26, 2005). For The Record: Quick News On Christina Aguilera. MTV. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
- ^ USA Today (March 11, 2007). Aguilera takes part in All-Star charity project.. Retrieved on May 25, 2007.
- ^ Virgin Media August 22, 2008 Christina's mother of a performance Virgin music Retrieved on August 22, 2008.
- ^ Altinsas, E. Baris (October 26, 2008). "A loving family for children in need of protection". Today's Zaman. http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=156957&bolum=101. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
- ^ Business Wire Christina Aguilera Lends Powerful Voice in Fight to End Hunger as Global Spokesperson Aguilera Raises Awareness of Hunger Issue by Appearing in PSA, Advertising, Posters July 15, 2009 Retrieved on July 15, 2009.
- ^ Relief Web September 23, 2009 Christina Aguilera sees hunger first hand in Guatemala Relief Web press release Retrieved on September 23, 2009.
- ^ World Food Programme official site and the World Food Programme Retrieved on May 13, 2010.
- ^ McNiece, Mia Variety online September 1, 2009 Variety to celebrate Power of Women Retrieved on September 10, 2009.
- ^ PRNewswire January 17, 2010 The Chrysler Brand Joins Forces With 'The 67th Annual Golden Globe Awards' to Contribute Relief Efforts to Haiti Retrieved on January 18, 2010.
- ^ WFO Retrieved on January 31, 2010
- ^ World Food Programme May 12, 2010 Haiti Is First Stop For New WFP Ambassador Christina Aguilera Retrieved on May 12, 2010.
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Christina Aguilera |
 |
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Christina Aguilera |
- ChristinaAguilera.com – Christina Aguilera official website
- Twitter – Official Twitter account
- Christina Aguilera on Myspace
- Christina Aguilera at the Internet Movie Database
- Christina Aguilera on Facebook
| Awards and achievements | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Lauryn Hill |
Grammy Award for Best New Artist 2000 |
Succeeded by Shelby Lynne |
| Preceded by none |
Latin Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album, Female 2001 for Mi Reflejo |
Succeeded by Rosario Flores for Muchas Flores |
| Preceded by B. B. King & Dr. John for "Is You Is, or Is You Ain't (My Baby)" |
Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals 2002 for "Lady Marmalade" |
Succeeded by Santana & Michelle Branch for "The Game of Love" |
| Preceded by Norah Jones for "Don't Know Why" |
Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance 2004 for "Beautiful" |
Succeeded by Norah Jones for "Sunrise" |
| Preceded by Kelly Clarkson for "Since U Been Gone" |
Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance 2007 for "Ain't No Other Man" |
Succeeded by Amy Winehouse for "Rehab" |
| Preceded by Sean "Diddy" Combs |
MTV Europe Music Awards host 2003 |
Succeeded by Xzibit |
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Aguilera, Christina |
| Alternative names | Aguilera, Christina Maria |
| Short description | American singer and songwriter |
| Date of birth | December 18, 1980 |
| Place of birth | New York City, New York, United States |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christina_Aguilera
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
