Crude death rate by country.

Mortality rate is a measure of the number of deaths (in general, or due to a specific cause) in a population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time. Mortality rate is typically expressed in units of deaths per 1000 individuals per year; thus, a mortality rate of 9.5 (out of 1000) in a population of 100,000 would mean 950 deaths per year in that entire population, or 0.95% out of the total. It is distinct from morbidity rate, which refers to the number of individuals in poor health during a given time period (the prevalence rate) or the number of newly appearing cases of the disease per unit of time (incidence rate). The term "mortality" is also sometimes inappropriately used to refer to the number of deaths among a set of diagnosed hospital cases for a disease or injury, rather than for the general population of a country or ethnic group. This disease mortality statistic is more precisely referred to as "case fatality".

One distinguishes:

1. The crude death rate, the total number of deaths per year per 1000 people. As of July 2009^[update] the crude death rate for the whole world is about 8.37 per 1000 per year according to the current CIA World Factbook.^[1]
2. The perinatal mortality rate, the sum of neonatal deaths and fetal deaths (stillbirths) per 1000 births.
3. The maternal mortality ratio, the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in same time period.
4. The maternal mortality rate, the number of maternal deaths per 1,000 women of reproductive age in the population (generally defined as 15-44 years of age) .
5. The infant mortality rate, the number of deaths of children less than 1 year old per 1000 live births.
6. The child mortality rate, the number of deaths of children less than 5 years old per 1000 live births.
7. The standardised mortality ratio (SMR)- This represents a proportional comparison to the numbers of deaths that would have been expected if the population had been of a standard composition in terms of age, gender, etc.^[2]
8. The age-specific mortality rate (ASMR) - This refers to the total number of deaths per year per 1000 people of a given age (e.g. age 62 last birthday).

In regard to the success or failure of medical treatment or procedures, one would also distinguish:

1. The early mortality rate, the total number of deaths in the early stages of an ongoing treatment, or in the period immediately following an acute treatment.
2. The late mortality rate, the total number of deaths in the late stages of an ongoing treatment, or a significant length of time after an acute treatment.

Note that the crude death rate as defined above and applied to a whole population can give a misleading impression. The crude death rate depends on the age (and gender) specific mortality rates and the age (and gender) distribution of the population. The number of deaths per 1000 people can be higher for developed nations than in less-developed countries, despite life expectancy being higher in developed countries due to standards of health being better. This happens because developed countries typically have a completely different population age distribution, with a much higher proportion of older people, due to both lower recent birth rates and lower mortality rates. A more complete picture of mortality is given by a life table which shows the mortality rate separately for each age. A life table is necessary to give a good estimate of life expectancy.

Statistics[link]

During ancient times and the Middle Ages, the crude death rate was about 40 deaths per year per 1,000 people.^{[citation needed]}

The ten countries with the highest crude death rate, according to the 2009 CIA World Factbook estimates, are:

Rank	Country	Death rate (annual deaths/1000 persons)
1	Swaziland	30.83
2	Angola	24.08
3	Lesotho	22.20
4	Sierra Leone	21.91
5	Zambia	21.34
6	Liberia	20.73
7	Mozambique	20.07
8	Afghanistan	19.18
9	Djibouti	19.10
10	Central African Republic	17.84

See list of countries by death rate for worldwide statistics.

According to the World Health Organization, the 10 leading causes of death in 2002 were:

1. 12.6% Ischaemic heart disease
2. 9.7% Cerebrovascular disease
3. 6.8% Lower respiratory infections
4. 4.9% HIV/AIDS
5. 4.8% Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
6. 3.2% Diarrhoeal diseases
7. 2.7% Tuberculosis
8. 2.2% Trachea/bronchus/lung cancers
9. 2.2% Malaria
10. 2.1% Road traffic accidents

Causes of death vary greatly between first and third world countries. See list of causes of death by rate for worldwide statistics.

Scatter plot of the natural logarithm of the crude death rate against the natural log of per capita real GDP. The slope of the trend line is the elasticity of the crude death rate with respect to per capita real income. It indicates that a 10% increase in per capita real income is associated with a 1.5% decrease in the crude death rate. Source: World Development Indicators.

According to Jean Ziegler (the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food for 2000 to March 2008), mortality due to malnutrition accounted for 58% of the total mortality in 2006: "In the world, approximately 62 millions people, all causes of death combined, die each year. In 2006, more than 36 millions died of hunger or diseases due to deficiencies in micronutrients".^[4]

Of the roughly 150,000 people who die each day across the globe, about two thirds—100,000 per day—die of age-related causes.^[5] In industrialized nations, the proportion is much higher, reaching 90%.^[5]

See also[link]

• Biodemography
• Birth rate
• Case fatality
• Compensation law of mortality
• Demography
• Egalitarian mortality
• Gompertz-Makeham law of mortality
• Life expectancy
• List of causes of death by rate
• List of countries by death rate
• Maximum life span
• Micromort
• Morbidity
• Mortality
• Mortality displacement

Notes[link]

References[link]

• Crude death rate (per 1,000 population) based on World Population Prospects The 2008 Revision, United Nations. Retrieved 22 June 2010
• Rank Order - Death rate in CIA World Factbook
• Mortality in The Medical Dictionary, Medterms. Retrieved 22 June 2010
• "WISQARS Leading Causes of Death Reports, 1999 - 2007", US Centers for Disease Control Retrieved 22 June 2010
• Edmond Halley, An Estimate of the Degrees of the Mortality of Mankind (1693)

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Birth and death rates

• DeathRiskRankings: Calculates risk of dying in the next year using MicroMorts and displays risk rankings for up to 66 causes of death
• Data regarding death rates by age and cause in the United States (from Data360)
• Complex Emergency Database (CE-DAT): Mortality data from conflict-affected populations
• Human Mortality Database: Historic mortality data from developed nations
• Google - public data: Mortality in the U.S.

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2010)

The Guns are a four-piece rock band from South Wales. The current line-up consists of Alex Wiltshire (vocals and guitar), Adam Turner (lead guitar), Tom Coburn (bass guitar) and Chris 'Stix' Davies (drums). The band have stated that they would like to remain independent^[1] and have turned down numerous record deals as a result of that. As of 2012, The Guns have released two EPs, and two albums.

History[link]

Early years (2005 - 2007)[link]

After the once popular South Wales band When Reason Sleeps, which contained the frontman for fellow Welsh band The Blackout, Sean Smith, broke up, lead singer Alex Wiltshire set out and recruited Adam Turner on lead guitar, Tom Coburn on bass guitar, and Kob on drums. The Guns were formed, and after a small amount of gigs, they were asked by Pontypridd band Lostprophets to support them during their Liberation Transmission tour, The Guns accepted the offer and went on to play on the main stage at The Full Ponty 2007. Also, during this period The Guns had started work on their debut album With The Guns, and had released a self-titled 3 track CD available through their Myspace and at gigs.

With The Guns (2007 - 2009)[link]

After touring with Lostprophets, the band worked on With The Guns (produced by Richard Emanuel at The Lodge Productions studio), and in late 2008, shortly after completion of With The Guns, Andrew Robinson left the band and in early 2009, Michael Leigh Gregory was recruited to replace Robinson on drums. With The Guns was released on iTunes on 17 July 2009. The album was released independently by The Guns.

Fuck The Demon Outta Me (2011 - Present)[link]

The Guns began work on their follow-up album in 2008, and the band announced on their Myspace page the title of their next album, If It Ain't Broke, Don't Fix It. They soon began touring, playing many shows, including their first Cardiff show in over a year, and shows with The Blackout, Funeral For A Friend, Bowling For Soup and CKY. In early 2010, Michael Lee Gregory was replaced by Rhian Williams and the band's music video for "Gordon's And Lemonade" began to appear on UK music channel, Lava TV. The Guns released the single "Treacle & Pie" on iTunes on 28 June 2010, with pre-order sales getting it to #58 after just its third day of availability. On November 21 2011, The Guns released the now renamed "Fuck The Demon Outta Me" on iTunes, with 200 hand numbered physical copies made available through their bigcartel store. The first single featured on the album is "Missing Girls", a music video for which was released through the band's official website.

Media interest[link]

The Guns have attracted frequent interest from the media, including four appearances on ITV 1's The Guestlist. Music magazines Kerrang! and Rock Sound have been following The Guns' progress during records, as well as live performances, and have given positive feedback about the band. The Guns also have given interviews and received articles in newspapers including Metro and the Western Mail. It was in the Western Mail that it was reported The Guns are currently being filmed for a documentary or possibly a film which has been pitched to UK television channels Channel 4 and MTV, although no further details have been revealed.

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• The Guns (2006)

1. No No Know
2. Überwoman
3. Colder

• With The Guns (2009)

1. It's On Like Donkey Kong
2. No No Know
3. You Can Eff Right Off
4. Kings And Queens
5. Better Off Walking
6. Gordon's And Lemonade
7. North Or South
8. Überwoman
9. Third Strike
10. This Old House
11. Listen Up
12. A Year And Two Studios Ago

• Treacle & Pie (2010)

1. Treacle & Pie
2. Colder (Live)
3. No No Know (Acoustic)
4. Sometimes (Acoustic)

• Fuck The Demon Outta Me

1. Daughter Of A Bad Man
2. All Aboard
3. Treacle And Pie
4. Answers
5. Voodoo Boogie
6. You Drive And I'll Eat This
7. Missing Girls
8. Moan Kill You To
9. Nighty Night Creepin'
10. Stranger Than You

Singles[link]

• "Gordon's And Lemonade" [taken from the album With The Guns] (2009)
• "It's On Like Donkey Kong" [taken from the album With The Guns] (2010)
• "Treacle & Pie" (2010)
• "Missing Girls" [taken from the album Fuck The Demon Outta Me] (2011)

Videos[link]

• "Gordon's And Lemonade" [taken from the album With The Guns] (2009)
• "It's On Like Donkey Kong" [taken from the album With The Guns] (2010)
• "Missing Girls" [taken from the album Fuck The Demon Outta Me] (2011)

References[link]

External links[link]

• The Guns official website

• [1]