Langha (tribe)

The Langha (Urdu: لنگھا‎ Rajasthani: लंघा (Devanagari) )) are a Muslim community found in the province of Sindh in Pakistan and in the states of Gujarat and Rajasthan in India. They are unrelated to the Langah clan of southern Punjab province.

History and origin

The Langha and related Manganiar are both communities of folk musicians, and have two sub-divisions, the Sonia Langha and Sarengia Langha. These sub-divisions are based on the use of musical instruments used, the Sonia Langha play the shanai (a type of piped instrument) at wedding ceremonies, and the Sarengia play the sarangee. The two groups are endogamous, and are further divided into clans.

According to their traditions, they were Jat, Rajputs, whose ancestors converted to Islam. They are said to have originated in Sindh, and settled in the village of Baranwa in Barmer District.

Present circumstances

The community sing, play music and entertain the Sindhi-Sipahi, a community of Muslim Rajputs, who act as their jajmans (patrons). They are found in the districts of Barmer, Jaisalmer and Jodhpur, and speak Marwari.

Tribe

A tribe is viewed, historically or developmentally, as a social group existing before the development of, or outside, states. A tribe is a distinct people, dependent on their land for their livelihood, who are largely self-sufficient, and not integrated into the national society. It is perhaps the term most readily understood and used by the general public. Stephen Corry, director of Survival International, the world's only organisation dedicated to indigenous rights, has defined tribal people as "those which have followed ways of life for many generations that are largely self-sufficient, and are clearly different from the mainstream and dominant society". This definition, however, would not apply in countries in the Middle East such as Iraq, where the entire population is a member of one tribe or another and therefore tribalism itself is dominant and mainstream.

There are an estimated one hundred and fifty million tribal individuals worldwide, constituting around forty percent of indigenous individuals. However, although nearly all tribal people are also indigenous, there are some who are not indigenous to the areas where they live now.

Tribe (Queensrÿche album)

Tribe is the eighth studio album from the American progressive metal band Queensrÿche, released on 22 July 2003. It featured a reunited lineup, with Chris DeGarmo returning to contribute guitar parts and writing credits on some tracks. DeGarmo showed up for recording and was ready to tour again with the band in support of the album, but ultimately left due to clashes with singer Geoff Tate in the studio. Upon release of the disc Sanctuary Records misrepresented Chris Degarmo's involvement as a "reunion" with Queensrÿche, which some have considered to be a PR stunt to generate sales.

Tribe was self-produced by Queensrÿche, with Scott Olson engineering and Adam Kasper mixing the album. The album was not commercially successful generating only 75,000 SoundScan units as of 2007. Songs such as "Open" and "Losing Myself" have been played on the satellite station, Ink'd.

"Hostage" was a demo written by Jackson-Tate-Wilton during the Tribe sessions. But it was completed after the Tribe record was sent to the label. It was later substantially changed and re-recorded by Jason Slater and other outside writers for OM:2. The original version still remains unreleased.

Tribe (Internet)

The term tribe or digital tribe is used as a slang term for an unofficial community of people who share a common interest, and usually who are loosely affiliated with each other through social media or other internet mechanisms. The term is related to "tribe", which traditionally refers to people closely associated in both geography and genealogy. Nowadays, it looks more like a virtual community or a personal network and it is often called global digital tribe. Most anthropologists agree that a tribe is a (small) society that practices its own customs and culture, and that these define the tribe. The tribes are divided into clans, with their own customs and cultural values that differentiate them from activities that occur in 'real life' contexts. People feel more inclined to share and defend their ideas on social networks than they would dare to say to someone face to face. For example, it would be ridiculous to ‘poke’ someone in real life.

History