Calatayud
—  Municipality  —
Flag Coat of arms
Calatayud Location in Spain
Coordinates: 41°21′0″N 1°38′0″W / 41.35°N 1.633333°W / 41.35; -1.633333Coordinates: 41°21′0″N 1°38′0″W / 41.35°N 1.633333°W / 41.35; -1.633333
Country	Spain
Autonomous community	Aragón
Province	Zaragoza
Comarca	Comunidad de Calatayud
Judicial district	Calatayud
Government
• Alcalde	Víctor Ruiz de Diego (PSOE)
Area
• Total	154 km2 (59 sq mi)
Elevation	530 m (1,740 ft)
Population (2008)
• Total	21,905
• Density	140/km2 (370/sq mi)
Demonym	Bilbilitano, na
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code	50300
Official language(s)
Website	Official website

Calatayud (2008 pop. 21,905)^[1] is a city and municipality in the province of Zaragoza in Aragón, Spain lying on the river Jalón, in the midst of the Sistema Ibérico mountain range. It is the second-largest city in the province after the capital, Zaragoza, and the largest town in Aragón other than the three provincial capitals. It is the seat of the comarca of Comunidad de Calatayud.

The city has the title "Muy noble, leal, siempre augusta y fidelísima ciudad de Calatayud".^[2] (Translated to mean: "The very noble, loyal, always august and most faithful city of Calatayud".) Calatayud became the first democratic municipality in 1977, because elections were held one day before all the rest of Spain, to prepare for a visit by King Juan Carlos I.

Highways and railways[link]

The town is located by the Carretera Nacional N-II highway, the Autovía A-2 and the N-234, among other local roads.

The AVE Madrid–Barcelona high-speed rail line line ^[3], as well as the RENFE line from Madrid to Barcelona stop in Calatayud.

History[link]

The city was founded on the site of a Celt-Iberian settlement^[4] by the Romans with the name Augusta Bilbilis and was the birthplace of the poet Martial in 40 CE.^[5] The site of the ruins of Augusta Bilbilis are approximately four kilometers to the north of the modern city of Calatayud.^[6] The modern town was founded by the Moors around the Ayyub castle, circa 716 CE.^[7]

The tower of the Santa María church of mudéjar style.

The name Calatayud came from the Arabic Qalat 'Ayyūb = "Ayyub's fort". The ancient inhabitants of Bilbilis moved to the new site. Occupying a strategic placement between the central meseta of Spain and the Ebro valley the city retained its importance in succeeding centuries. By the eleventh century a substantial Jewish community was present, surviving the reconquista until the expulsion of the Jews from Spain in 1492.^[8] The city was re-conquered from the Muslims by Alfonso I of Aragón in 1119. Many surviving examples of mudéjar church architecture show that the Moorish influence lived on.^[9]

During the Peninsular Wars a notable siege of French occupied Calatayud led to its capture by guerillas in 1811.^[10] The city was the capital of its own province^[11] in 1822–23, during the Trieno Liberal.

The Castle of Calatayud

Main sights[link]

This section requires expansion.

One of the most notable Mudéjar towers of Aragón is the 15th century bell tower of the collegiate church of Santa María, which was built on the site of a mosque.^[12] The Muslim fortress is the biggest and oldest of the Muslim fortresses of the Iberian peninsula. The church of "San Pedro" was founded by Ferdinand II of Aragón and it was there that the first Cortes (Parliament) of Aragon was held in 1411.^[13]

Quarters and villages[link]

• Quarters: Huérmeda, Torres and Embid de la Ribera
• Villages: Campiel, Carramolina, Marivella, Ribota, San Ramón and Terrer

Fiestas[link]

• Easter
• Pilgrimage (romerio) in honour of el Cristo de Ribota, May 1
• Saint Íñigo's Day, June 1
• Saint Roch's Day, August 14–16
• Virgen de la Peña, September 8–12

See also[link]

• Calatayud (DO)
• Mudéjar
• Comunidad de Calatayud

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Calatayúd.

Notes[link]

External links[link]

• City website
• Local wines
• Calatayud travel guide from Wikitravel

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Bartolomé Calatayud was born in 1882 on the island of Mallorca^[1]. Initially taught by Antonio Mestres. He also studied harmony and composition with the great Mallorcan musicologist and composer D. Antonio Noguera. Bartolome was taught by Francisco Tárrega in Valencia^[2].

He gave concerts in Spain, France, Switzerland, Portugal and Algiers and toured South America with Spanish Chorus and Dance groups. In Majorca he composed many works for the classical guitar and taught the instrument^[3] Many of his Guitar works are based on popular catalonian/majorcan folk music.

Although not as famous in the classical guitar world Bartolomé Calatayud has left much enjoyable and exciting music written for classical guitarists of all abilities. He taught many pupils in Majorca during his final years^[4]. He died in 1973 at the age of 91.

Works for guitar[link]

• Cuatro Piezas Faciles Para Guitarra: Vals, Cancion De Cuna , Romanza , Pasodoblillo

• Tres Piezas Faciles Para Guitarra: Cajita De Musica, Divertimento, Melodia

• Cuatro Juguetes: Boceto Andaluz, Gavotta, Danza, Minueto

• Tres Piezas Para Guitarra: Mazurka, Caramba!(Habanera), Canconeta

• Tres Piezas Para Guitarra: Lamento Gitano - Solea, Fandanguillo, Bulerias

• Suite Antiqua: Antante, Zarabanda, Pavana, Minueto, Rondino

• Dos Piezas Para Guitarra: Bolero, El Majo

• Dos Piezas Para Guitarra: Bagatela, Gavota
• Tres Canciones Populares Catalanas: Muntanyes Regalades, La Preso De Lleida, La Pastoreta

• Triptico Para Una Dama: Bondad, Simpatia, Alegria
• Vals Y Mazurka
• Boceto Andaluz
• Sonatina No. 1 A Minor
• Sonatina No. 2 D Minor
• Nostalgia E Minor
• Estampa Gitana D Minor
• Una Caricia E Major
• Guarjirita - Sobre Temas Populares D Major
• Waltz
• Alegre Primavera E Major
• Danza Espanola E Minor
• Tango Argentino A Minor

• Tango D Major
• Danza Popular De Campdevanol A Major
• Marcha Militar A Major
• Marcha Hungara A Minor
• Alegre Campina E Major
• Vals E Minor
• Habanera A Minor
• Cubanita A Major
• Minueto E Major

• Gavota Facil A Major

• Zambra D Minor
• Pequena Tarantela F# Minor
• Galop G Major

References[link]

1. ^ [5] "The Guitar Music of Spain" Volume One, published by Wise Publications/Union Musical Ediciones S.L. Compiled and edited by John Zaradin, original compilation by Gerry Mooney (1994), ISBN 0-7119-3303-0.
2. ^ [6] Classical Composers www.classical-composers.org
3. ^ [7] www.arrakis.es
4. ^ See Sharon's blog on http://canarybirdtenerife.blogspot.com/search/label/Bartolom%C3%A9%20Calatayud

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