- published: 26 Jan 2009
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- author: 182AVAFan182
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- Acuto
- Alatri
- Alvito, Lazio
- Amaseno
- Anagni
- Antonio Labriola
- Aquino
- Arce
- Area codes in Italy
- Arnara
- Arpino
- Arturo Gatti
- Atina, Lazio
- Ausonia, Lazio
- Australia
- Battle of Cassino
- Belmonte Castello
- Berlin
- Boville Ernica
- Brazil
- Broccostella
- Campoli Appennino
- Canada
- Casalattico
- Casalvieri
- Casinum
- Cassino
- Cassino Memorial
- Castelliri
- Castelnuovo Parano
- Castro dei Volsci
- Castrocielo
- Cavarzere
- Ceccano
- Ceprano
- Cervaro
- Colfelice
- Colle San Magno
- Collepardo
- Comune
- Coreno Ausonio
- Czech Republic
- Daylight saving time
- Demonym
- Edoardo Grossi
- Environmentalist
- Esperia
- Falaise, Calvados
- Falvaterra
- Ferentino
- FIAT
- Filettino
- Fiuggi
- Fontana Liri
- Fontechiari
- Football (soccer)
- France
- Frazione
- Frosinone
- Fumone
- Gallinaro
- Gari River
- Germany
- Gino Matrundola
- Giuliano di Roma
- Guarcino
- Hannibal
- Isola del Liri
- Italy
- Karlovy Vary
- Lazio
- Leno, Italy
- Liri
- Malta
- Medal of Honor
- Michael Valente
- Monte Cassino
- Morolo
- North York
- Olinda
- Ortona
- Painting
- Paliano
- Pastena
- Patrica
- Pescosolido
- Philosopher
- Picinisco
- Pico, Lazio
- Piglio
- Pignataro Interamna
- Pofi
- Poland
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- Pontecorvo
- Posta Fibreno
- Provinces of Italy
- Punic Wars
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- Rocca d'Arce
- Roccasecca
- Samnites
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- Sant'Apollinare
- Santopadre
- Senglea
- Serbia
- Serie C2
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- Sora, Lazio
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Acquafondata
Acquafondata is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located in the Monti della Meta area, about 130 km southeast of Rome and about 50 km east of Frosinone.
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Acuto
Acuto is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 60 km east of Rome and about 20 km northwest of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,878 and an area of 13.4 km².
Acuto borders the following municipalities: Anagni, Ferentino, Fiuggi, Piglio.
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Alatri
Alatri is a town and comune of province of Frosinone in the Italian region of the Lazio, with c. 30,000 inhabitants. A part of the traditional region of Ciociaria, it is famous for its megalithic acropolis.
The area of the modern city was settled as early as the 2nd millennium BC.
Aletrium was a town of the Hernici which, together with Veroli, Anagni and Ferentino formed a defensive League against the Volsci and the Samnites around 550 BC. In 530 they allied with Tarquinius Superbus' Rome, confirming the Etruscan influence in the area attested also by archaeological findings. Alatri was defeated by Rome in 306 BC and forced to accept the citizenship. In Cicero's time it was a municipium (in an ancient coat of arms we can read 'S.P.Q.A.'), and continued in this position throughout the imperial period.
After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the city decayed, the only respected authority being represented by the Christian bishop. During the reign of Theodoric the Great (5th century AD) the patrician Liberius promoted the construction of a monastic community, one of the most ancient in the West, where in 528 St. Benedict sojourned briefly. In 543, during the Gothic Wars, Alatri was sacked and destroyed by Totila's troops.
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Amaseno
Amaseno is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 100 km southeast of Rome and about 30 km south of Frosinone, located in the Monti Lepini mountain area. Its inhabitants are primarily farmers.
The village is very ancient and named in the Aeneid. A lot of Amaseno's people have immigrated in the United States of America, in Canada and South America (especially in Brazil).
The Catholic Church situated at the village's center, St. Mary of Amaseno, houses a relic of St. Lawrence, the ancient Roman deacon martyred in the 3rd Century. A vial of the martyr's blood is enshrined there, and every 10 August on his feast day, the day on which his martyrdom is commemorated, it liquifies. The reliquary vial has been verified by scientists to contain true blood, along with a piece of skin and some fat and ash. The cathedral was consecreated in 1165 and since then the village was popularly known as the "Valley of St. Lawrence", as the village is situated in an amphitheater-like valley.
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Anagni
Anagni is an ancient town and comune in Latium, central Italy, in the hills east-southeast of Rome. It is a historical center in Ciociaria.
Anagni appears today as a small medieval town, placed on the ridge of a hill (475 meters above sea level), with small twisting streets and steep lanes everywhere. It is built inside powerful Roman boundary walls, which seem to preserve, like a treasure-chest, its innumerable treasuries of art and history and its troubling modern contradictions.
The built-up area initially included only the acropolis (the north-east zone comprising the Cathedral, Tufoli gate, and Piazza Dante) and partially defended by walls in opus quasi-quadratum (almost squared work). Under Roman domination, the map of the city changed, starting from the modification of the boundary walls. The archaic inhabited places spread out protected by the so-called Servian walls, made with stone blocks placed in alternate lines and dating back to the beginning of the 3rd century BC. Most of the boundary walls have been subjected to rebuilding and restorations in the course of the first millennium AD; but the most remarkable re-arrangement took place in the 16th century.
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Aquino
Aquino is a town and comune in the province of Frosinone, in the Lazio region of Italy, 12 km northwest of Cassino.
The ancient Aquinum was a municipium in the time of Cicero, and made a colony by the Triumviri. It was crossed by the Via Latina.
Aquinum is thought to be the birthplace of the poet Juvenal, and was that of the emperor Pescennius Niger.
The earliest recorded Catholic Bishop of Aquino was Bishop Giovino in 593AD.
Aquino's patron saint is San Costanzo, or St. Constantius (different from St. Constantius of Perugia).
St. Thomas Aquinas was born in 1225 in the castle of Roccasecca, 8 kilometres northwards.
One of the gates through which the Via Latina passed, now called Porta S. Lorenzo, is still well preserved, and there are remains within the walls (portions of which, built of large blocks of limestone, still remain) of two (so called) temples, a basilica and an amphitheatre.
Outside, on the south is a well-preserved triumphal arch with composite capitals, and close to it the basilica of Santa Maria Libera, a 9th century building in the Romanesque style erected over the remains of an ancient temple of Hercules Liberator, now roofless. Several Roman inscriptions are built into it, and many others that have been found indicate the ancient importance of the place, which, though it does not appear in early history, is vouched for by Cicero and Strabo.
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Arce
Arce is a comune (municipality) in the province of Frosinone, in the region of Lazio, Italy. it is an agricultural centre located on a hill overlooking the Via Casilina, in the middle valley of the Liri.
In the Middle Ages it followed the history of Rocca d'Arce. Later it was a fief of the Della Rovere (1475) and the Boncompagni (1612). Main sights include the Baroque Parrocchiale of Santi Pietro e Paolo (late 17th century) and the church of Sant'Antonio, which has maintained a 13th century portal.
Arce borders with the municipalities of Ceprano, Colfelice, Falvaterra, Fontana Liri, Monte San Giovanni Campano, Rocca d'Arce, San Giovanni Incarico and Strangolagalli.
Its hamlets (frazioni) are Campanile, Campostefano, Collealto, Collemezzo, Collenoci, Colleolivo, Colleone, Fontanelle, Frassi, Isoletta, Marzi, Murata, Portone, Puzzaca, Tramonti, and Valle.
Economy include the production of cereals, fruit, olives and forage. Industries include mechanics, food processing and others, all at small level.
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Arnara
Arnara is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 80 km southeast of Rome and about 6 km southeast of Frosinone.
Arnara borders the following municipalities: Ceccano, Frosinone, Pofi, Ripi, Torrice.
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Arpino
Arpino is a comune (municipality) in the province of Frosinone in the region of Latium in central Italy. Its Roman name was Arpinum.
The ancient city of Arpinum dates back to at least the 7th century BC. Connected with the Pelasgi, the Volscian and Samnite people, it was captured by the Romans and made a civitas sine suffragio in 305 BC. The city gained Roman suffrage in 188 BC and the status of a municipium in 90 BC. Both Gaius Marius and Cicero were natives of Arpinum. There is an oral tradition that persists to this day that Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa was also a native of Arpinum. Historians have not been able to confirm his origin.
In the early Middle Ages, its strategic position had it contended between the Roman duchy and the Duchy of Benevento. After the 11th century it was ruled by the Normans, the Hohenstaufen and by the Papal States. It was destroyed twice; in 1229 by Frederick II and in 1242 by Conrad IV.
The famous castrato sopranist Gioacchino Conti, known as Il Gizziello, or heb ceilliau was born in Arpino, in 1714.
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Australia
Australia (
/əˈstreɪljə/), officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent as well as the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. Neighbouring countries include Indonesia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea to the north; the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and New Caledonia to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east.
For at least 40,000 years before European settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who belonged to one or more of roughly 250 language groups. After discovery by Dutch explorers in 1606, Australia's eastern half was claimed by Great Britain in 1770 and settled through penal transportation to the colony of New South Wales from 26 January 1788. The population grew steadily in subsequent decades; the continent was explored and an additional five self-governing Crown Colonies were established.
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Belmonte Castello
Belmonte Castello is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 120 km southeast of Rome and about 40 km east of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 780 and an area of 14.2 km².
Belmonte Castello borders the following municipalities: Atina, Sant'Elia Fiumerapido, Terelle, Villa Latina.
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Berlin
Berlin ( /bɜrˈlɪn/; German pronunciation: [bɛɐ̯ˈliːn] (
listen)) is the capital city of Germany and one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.5 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city and is the second most populous city proper and the eighth most populous urban area in the European Union. Located in northeastern Germany, it is the center of the Berlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan Region, which has 5.9 million residents from over 190 nations. Located in the European Plains, Berlin is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. Around one third of the city's area is composed of forests, parks, gardens, rivers and lakes.
First documented in the 13th century, Berlin was the capital of the Kingdom of Prussia (1701–1918), the German Empire (1871–1918), the Weimar Republic (1919–1933) and the Third Reich (1933–1945).Berlin in the 1920s was the third largest municipality in the world. After World War II, the city became divided into East Berlin—the capital of East Germany—and West Berlin, a West German exclave surrounded by the Berlin Wall (1961–1989). Following German reunification in 1990, the city regained its status as the capital of Germany, hosting 147 foreign embassies.
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Boville Ernica
Boville Ernica is a town and comune in Lazio, Italy. It is located over the summit of a steep hill commanding the Liri, Cosa and Sacco valleys.
The town's history stretches back to pre-Roman times, which is testified by its numerous archaeological findings and prehistoric Pelasgic walls. Its primordial name, "Bauco", recalls the ancient agricultural worship of the god Bove, symbol of fertility. In the archaeological area of Monte Fico, where once stood a temple dedicated to this divinity, there have come to light votive statuettes featuring oxen.
Boville Ernica was once situated on the plains below its present site, but after the Saracen and Hungarian invasions (9th–10th centuries), its population moved to the higher levels of Monte Fico, where the ancient center was transformed into one of the most fortified towns in the region.
In addition to the Pelasgic walls, sights include the imposing castle and its powerful belts of Medieval walls having as many as 18 turrets and towers (alternating as round and square shapes), all still stand completely intact.
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Brazil
Brazil
i/brəˈzɪl/ (Portuguese: Brasil, IPA: [bɾaˈziw]), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: República Federativa do Brasil, listen (help·info)), is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people. It is the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas and the largest lusophone country in the world.
Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of 7,491 km (4,655 mi). It is bordered on the north by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and the French overseas region of French Guiana; on the northwest by Colombia; on the west by Bolivia and Peru; on the southwest by Argentina and Paraguay and on the south by Uruguay. Numerous archipelagos form part of Brazilian territory, such as Fernando de Noronha, Rocas Atoll, Saint Peter and Paul Rocks, and Trindade and Martim Vaz. It borders all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile.
Brazil was a colony of Portugal from the landing of Pedro Álvares Cabral in 1500 until 1815, when it was elevated to the rank of kingdom and the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves was formed. The colonial bond was in fact broken in 1808, when the capital of the Portuguese colonial empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro, after Napoleon invaded Portugal.Independence was achieved in 1822 with the formation of the Empire of Brazil, a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system. The country became a presidential republic in 1889, when a military coup d'état proclaimed the Republic, although the bicameral legislature, now called Congress, dates back to the ratification of the first constitution in 1824. Its current Constitution, formulated in 1988, defines Brazil as a Federal Republic. The Federation is formed by the union of the Federal District, the 26 States, and the 5,564 Municipalities.
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Broccostella
Broccostella is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 100 km east of Rome and about 25 km northeast of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,704 and an area of 12.0 km².
Broccostella borders the following municipalities: Arpino, Campoli Appennino, Fontechiari, Posta Fibreno, Sora.
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Campoli Appennino
Campoli Appennino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 100 km east of Rome and about 30 km northeast of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,803 and an area of 33.4 km².
Campoli Appennino borders the following municipalities: Alvito, Broccostella, Pescasseroli, Pescosolido, Posta Fibreno, Sora, Villavallelonga.
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Canada
Canada ( /ˈkænədə/) is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean. Spanning over 9,900,000 km2 (3,800,000 sq mi), Canada is the world's second-largest country by total area, and its common border with the United States is the longest land border in the world.
The land that is now Canada has been inhabited for millennia by various Aboriginal peoples. Beginning in the late 15th century, British and French colonial expeditions explored, and later settled, along the region's Atlantic coast. France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy; the Canada Act 1982 severed the vestiges of legal dependence on Britain.
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Casalattico
Casalattico is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio. The village is located about 110 km southeast of Rome and about 30 km east of Frosinone.
In the late 19th and early 20th century a significant number of young people left Casalattico to work in Ireland. Most second, third and fourth generation Irish-Italians can trace their lineage back to the municipality, with names such as Magliocco, Fusco, Marconi, Borza, Macari and Forte being the most common. Although the Forte family actually originates from the village of Mortale, renamed Mon Forte due to the achievements of the Forte family. It is believed that up to 8,000 Irish-Italians have ancestors from Casalattico.
Many of them also emigrated to England, Scotland, France, Belgium and the USA. A substantial number of people have the surname Forte in many areas of Great Britain including Bournemouth, Exeter, Brighton and London.
Cirefice, Francesco & Maria
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Casalvieri
Casalvieri is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 110 km southeast of Rome and about 30 km east of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,177 and an area of 27.2 km².
Casalvieri borders the following municipalities: Alvito, Arpino, Atina, Casalattico, Fontechiari, Vicalvi.
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Cassino
Cassino is a comune in the province of Frosinone, Italy, at the southern end of the region of Lazio.
Cassino is located at the foot of Monte Cairo near the confluence of the Gari and Liri rivers. The city is best known as the site of the Abbey of Montecassino and the Battle of Monte Cassino during World War II, which resulted in tremendous Allied and German casualties as well as the near total destruction of the town itself. Today, Cassino is also home to the University of Cassino and a FIAT automotive plant.
Cassino's origins lie in the Volscan settlement of Casinum, at the base of the nearby Monte Cairo. Casinum passed under the control of the Samnites, but the Romans eventually gained control of Casinum, establishing a colony there in 312 BC. At least once during Punic Wars, Hannibal passed near Casinum. Casinum was also the site of a villa belonging to Marcus Terentius Varro.
The modern town which arose on the site of the ancient town of Casinum was called San Germano, but on 28 July 1863 the name was officially reverted to "Cassino".
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Castelliri
Castelliri is a comune (municipality) of c. 3,500 inhabitants in the province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located in the valley of the Liri, about 90 km southeast of Rome and about 20 km northeast of Frosinone.
Castelliri borders the following municipalities: Arpino, Isola del Liri, Monte San Giovanni Campano, Sora.
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Castelnuovo Parano
Castelnuovo Parano is a comune (municipality) in the province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 120 km southeast of Rome and about 45 km southeast of Frosinone.
It originates from a castle built here in 1059 by abbot Desiderius of Montecassino to defend the area between Fratte and Traetto. The area was severely damaged during World War II due to its position across the Gustav Line. After the end of the conflict, much of the population emigrated.
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Castro dei Volsci
Castro dei Volsci is a comune (municipality) of c. 5,000 inhtabitants in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 90 km southeast of Rome and about 14 km southeast of Frosinone.
Castro dei Volsci borders the following municipalities: Amaseno, Ceccano, Ceprano, Falvaterra, Lenola, Pastena, Pofi, Vallecorsa and Villa Santo Stefano.
Municipal territory includes 5 frazioni (civil parishes): Collevento, Madonna del Piano, San Sosio, Stazione (or Castro Stazione) and Vallefratta.
It is the birthplace of actor Nino Manfredi.
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Castrocielo
Castrocielo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 110 km southeast of Rome and about 30 km southeast of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,831 and an area of 27.9 km².
Castrocielo borders the following municipalities: Aquino, Colle San Magno, Piedimonte San Germano, Pontecorvo, Roccasecca.
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Cavarzere
Cavarzere (Italian pronunciation: [kaˈvardzere]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Venice in the Italian region of Veneto, located about 35 km southwest of Venice.
Neighbouring municipalities of Cavarzere are: Adria, Agna, Anguillara Veneta, Chioggia, Cona, Loreo, Pettorazza Grimani, San Martino di Venezze.
Cavarzere is placed on the plain. The main river which flows through it is Adige. There are also many canals passing through this town. The municipality of Cavarzere covered an area of 140,4 square kilometres (54,2 sq mi), the tenth of the Veneto. The town is not affected by urban sprawl, contrary to other parts of the Veneto, such as the “Roman Graticolato” near Padua. In fact between the centre and the exurban outskirts is the countryside.
Cavarzere dates from the pre-Roman age as a military outpost of the near town of Hatria, the future Adria. The etymology of Cavarzere is due to the Roman colonization. The town born as “Caput Aggeris” because once was the only village in the area having got an embankment system. When the Roman Empire collapsed, it was a destination of the populations who sought refuge from the barbarians. Since these years, Cavarzere will follow the fate of its owned: the Venetian Republic. For this viable location (along the River Adige and not far from the Venetian Lagoon) and because was the last town before the Papal States, Cavarzere was destroyed by many artificial floods and invasions: the Lombards, the Genovesi, the French and also from the Duchy of Ferrara. When Napoleon deleted the Republic of Venice, the town was annexed by Austrian Empire with the Treaty of Campo Formio in 1797. After a brief rule of Kingdom of Italy (a protectorate of French Empire), with the Congress of Vienna in 1815 Cavarzere was annexed by the Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia. Since 1866 it was a municipality of Italy.
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Ceccano
Ceccano is a town and comune in the province of Frosinone, Lazio, central Italy.
The town had its origins as an ancient Volscian citadel that surrendered to the Romans in 424 BC. Its name in ancient times was Fabrateria Vetus.
According to tradition, the name was changed into the current one in the early Middle Ages, in honor of one Petronius Ceccanus, father of Pope Honorius I. Conquered by the Lombards at the time of King Aistulf (c. 750), later it became an important fortress of the Papal territories. From 900 to 1450 it was ruled by the local Counts of Ceccano, most likely of German origin; later their territories were assigned to Rodrigo Borgia by Pope Alexander VI and then to the Colonna family.
From 3 November 1943 and 31 May 1944, during World War II, the town suffered 38 air attacks from Allied forces despite having no strategical importance; in one of them the Church of Santa Maria a Fiume, a national monument, was destroyed.
During excavations for the construction of the TAV high speed railroad, remains of a large Roman villa have been discovered.
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Ceprano
Ceprano is a town and comune in the province of Frosinone, in Ciociaria traditional area, part of the Lazio region of central Italy.
It is located 106 km (66 mi) south of Rome, and c. 127 km north of Naples.
Ceprano was part of the Papal States, from roughly the 6th century until 1870. After Italian Unification and the Capture of Rome, the town was part of the Kingdom of Italy, until 1946, a constitutional monarchy ruled from Rome by the House of Savoy. Since 1946 Ceprano has been part of the Italian Republic.
On 27 January 1862 the Rome-Ceprano Railroad was opened for service.
Ceprano's origins are connected to the Roman colony founded in 328 BC on the left bank of the Liri River, called Fregellae, nowadeys the ruins of the city can be seen in the territory of the close by municipality of Arce.
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Cervaro
Cervaro is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio. It is located in the Liri valley, about 130 km southeast of Rome and about 50 km southeast of Frosinone.
Cervaro borders the following municipalities: Cassino, San Vittore del Lazio, Sant'Elia Fiumerapido, Vallerotonda, Viticuso.
Cervaro originated from a castle built here in the Early Middle Ages by abbot Petronax of Monte Cassino.
Cervaro was destroyed in the Battle of Monte Cassino during World War II.
The Abruzzo, Lazio and Molise National Park is not far.
The nearest airport is Rome Ciampino, with access also from Rome Fiumicino and Naples Airport. In 2012 Frosinone Airport should open to civil and commercial aviation; Cervaro will have its province airport located only 20 minutes from the city. Cervaro is reachable from Rome by train; timetables can be found on trenitalia, by bus or by car from the Motorway A1 (Cassino exit). Cervaro is also very well connected by bus from the nearest villages and from the closest city of Cassino where buses link to other Lazio destinations. Cotral is the regional company which operates services in all Lazio. Bus timetables are on [1]
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Colfelice
Colfelice is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 100 km southeast of Rome and about 25 km southeast of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,840 and an area of 14.2 km².
Colfelice borders the following municipalities: Arce, Rocca d'Arce, Roccasecca, San Giovanni Incarico.
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Colle San Magno
Colle San Magno is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 110 km southeast of Rome and about 30 km southeast of Frosinone.
Its name refers to St. Magnus of Anagni. The town was founded in the 11th century, and it was later ruled by the D'Avalos and, from the 16th century, by the Boncompagni. In 1796 it was acquired by the Kingdom of Naples.
Attractions include the medieval castle, the old asphalt mines and the church of S.M. Assunta.
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Collepardo
Collepardo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 70 km east of Rome and about 15 km north of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 927 and an area of 25.0 km².
The municipality of Collepardo contains the frazione (subdivision) Civita.
Collepardo borders the following municipalities: Alatri, Veroli, Vico nel Lazio.
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Coreno Ausonio
Coreno Ausonio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 120 km southeast of Rome and about 50 km southeast of Frosinone at the foot of Monte Maio, in the Monti Aurunci.
It includes an ancient carved grotto, the Grotta delle Fate ("Fairies' Grotto", 8th century BC), likely a tomb of one of the Osco-Sabelli an tribes that lived here at the time.
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Czech Republic
The Czech Republic (i/ˈtʃɛk/ CHEK;Czech: Česká republika, pronounced [ˈtʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka] ( listen), short form Česko Czech pronunciation: [ˈtʃɛskɔ]) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the north, Germany to the west, Austria to the south and Slovakia to the east. Its capital and largest city, with 1.3 million inhabitants, is Prague.
It is a pluralist multi-party parliamentary representative democracy, a member of the European Union, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the Council of Europe and the Visegrád Group.
The Czech state, formerly known as Bohemia, was formed in the late 9th century as a small duchy around Prague, at that time under dominance of the powerful Great Moravian Empire (which reached its greatest territorial extent during the reign of Svatopluk I from the House of Mojmír). After the fall of the Empire in 907, the centre of power was transferred from Moravia to Bohemia, under the Přemyslids. During the rule of Přemyslid dukes/kings and their successors, the Luxembourgs, the country reached its greatest territorial extent (13th–14th century). Life in the country was significantly affected by the Hussite wars, during which it faced economic embargo and crusades from all over Europe. Following the Battle of Mohács in 1526, the Crown of Bohemia was gradually integrated into the Habsburg monarchy as one of its three principal parts alongside the Archduchy of Austria and the Kingdom of Hungary. The Bohemian Revolt (1618–20) led to the further centralization of the monarchy including forced recatholization and Germanization. During radical reforms in the 18th century the Bohemian Crown was even de facto abolished (1749). In the 19th century the Czech lands became the industrial powerhouse of the monarchy and the core of the Republic of Czechoslovakia which was formed in 1918, following the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian empire after World War I.
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Esperia
Esperia is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 110 km (68 mi) southeast of Rome and about 40 km southeast of Frosinone. It is located within the Monti Aurunci Natural Park.
According to some theories, the foundation of the town would be linked to the destruction of the Roman colony of Interamna Lirenas, although the first historically documented human presence date to the foundation of several monasteries, with the annexed boroughs, by the Abbey of Montecassino (10th century).
The name "Esperia" was chosen in 1867 when the current frazioni of Roccaguglielma and San Pietro merged into a single municipality, with the former as the municipal seat.
During World War II Esperia was one of the towns suffering heavily from "Marocchinate" - the mass rape committed after the Battle of Monte Cassino by Goumiers, Moroccan colonial troops of the French Expeditionary Corps. Esperia's mayor at the time reported that in his town, 700 women out of 2,500 inhabitants were raped and that some had died as a result.
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Falvaterra
Falvaterra is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 100 km southeast of Rome and about 20 km southeast of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 607 and an area of 12.8 km².
Falvaterra borders the following municipalities: Arce, Castro dei Volsci, Ceprano, Pastena, San Giovanni Incarico.
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Ferentino
Ferentino is a town and comune in Italy, in the province of Frosinone, Lazio, 65 km southeast of Rome. It is situated on a hill 400 m above sea-level, in the Monti Ernici area.
Ferentinum was a town of the Hernici; it was captured from them by the Romans in 364 BC and took no part in the rising of 306 BC. The inhabitants became Roman citizens after 195 BC, and the place later became a municipium. It lay just above the Via Latina and, being a strong place, served for the detention of hostages.
From 1198 to 1557 it was the seat of the Papal rectorate of Campagna and Marittima province.
Strong in textiles (linen and embroidery) and handicraft (clay bricks from Fornaci Giorgi), after World War II Ferentino experienced a heavy industrial growth, mainly in pharmaceuticals.
Ferentino still possesses considerable remains of ancient fortifications. The lower portion of the outer walls, which probably did not stand free, is built of roughly hewn blocks of a limestone which naturally splits into horizontal layers; above this in places is walling of rectangular blocks of tuff. Two gates, the Porta Maggiore, a double gate constructed entirely of rectangular blocks of tuff, and the Porta Sanguinaria (with an arch with tuff voussoirs), are preserved. Outside this gate is the testament of Aulus Quinctilius Priscus inscribed in the rock.
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FIAT
Fiat S.p.A., (Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino) (Italian Automobile Factory of Turin), is an Italian automobile manufacturer based in Turin. Fiat was founded in 1899 by a group of investors including Giovanni Agnelli. During its more than a century long history, Fiat has also manufactured railway engines and carriages, military vehicles, and aircraft. As of 2009, the Fiat group (not inclusive of its subsidiary Chrysler) was the world's ninth largest carmaker and the largest in Italy.
Fiat-based cars are built around the world. Outside Italy, the largest country of production is Brazil, where the Fiat brand is the market leader. The group also has factories in Argentina and Poland and a long history of licensing production of its products in other countries. It also has numerous alliances and joint ventures around the world, the main ones being located in Italy, France, Turkey, Serbia, India and China.
Agnelli's grandson Gianni Agnelli was Fiat's chairman from 1966 until 1996; he then served as honorary chairman from 1996 until his death on 24 January 2003, during which time Cesare Romiti served as chairman. After their[clarification needed] removal, Paolo Fresco served as chairman and Paolo Cantarella as CEO. Umberto Agnelli then took over as chairman from 2003 to 2004. After Umberto Agnelli's death on 28 May 2004, Luca Cordero di Montezemolo was named chairman, with Agnelli heir John Elkann becoming vice chairman (at the age of 28), and other family members also serving on the board. At this point, CEO Giuseppe Morchio resigned, and Sergio Marchionne was named to replace him on 1 June 2004.
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Filettino
Filettino is a village located about 70 km east of Rome and about 30 km north of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 542 and an area of 77.5 km².
Filettino borders the following municipalities: Canistro, Capistrello, Cappadocia, Castellafiume, Civitella Roveto, Guarcino, Morino, Trevi nel Lazio, Vallepietra.
Originally a place of the Aequi, and remaining a tiny hamlet until the time of Christ, it became a safe haven for those fleeing from Saracen invasions in 800 A.D, due to its mountainous location. In 1297 it fell under the control of Pietro Caetani, nephew of Pope Boniface VIII, whose family became notorious as cruel and oppressive, crushing various uprisings until the last of the Filettino Caetanis was executed in 1602 at Castel Sant'Angelo in Rome. In the same year it was entered by Pope Clement VII into the Apostolic Chamber and was thus subsequently absorbed into the Papal States until the States themselves were annexed to the Kingdom of Italy in 1870.
In August 2011, following an Italian government announcement that all villages with under 1,000 residents would have to merge with nearby villages in order to cut administrative costs, forcing Filettino to merge with the neighbouring town of Trevi nel Lazio, the village's mayor Luca Sellari started a campaign for Filettino to become an "independent state". The village began to print its own fake currency, the fiorito, which translates as "flowered", referring to how Filettino will "flower under its new guise", according to the mayor, and alluding to the currency first minted in 13th-century Florence, the florin.
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Fiuggi
Fiuggi is a comune (municipality) in the province of Frosinone in the region of Lazio in central Italy.
Fiuggi, originally called Anticoli di Campagna, gained fame as early as the 14th century, when Pope Boniface VIII claimed his kidney stones had been healed by the mineral waters from the nearby Fiuggi spring. Two centuries later Michelangelo also extolled the virtues of the water that cured him of what he called "the only kind of stone I couldn't love." Soon Acqua di Fiuggi was being sent in bottles to all of Europe's royalty. Not until the turn of the 20th Century did it become fashionable to make pilgrimages to spa towns, and it was around this time that the King of Italy renamed Anticoli in honor of its most celebrated attraction.
From the 16th to the 19th centuries, Fiuggi and many nearby hill towns were part of the Papal States. Unlike its neighbors, Anticoli di Campagna provided a source of revenue through the sales of its miraculous waters, and so it was often "bestowed" upon noble families in payment for services rendered. Sometimes these aristocrats didn't bother to visit the town, but they always sent a delegate to make sure none, or few, of the profits stayed in town. These upper-class outsiders slowly covered the original medieval walls with painted plaster similar to that found in present day Rome, changing the appearance of the town. Today a very active group of local residents is slowly restoring the stone façades in an effort to restore the city to its medieval form.
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Fontana Liri
Fontana Liri is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 90 km southeast of Rome and about 15 km east of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,127 and an area of 16.0 km².
Fontana Liri borders the following municipalities: Arce, Arpino, Monte San Giovanni Campano, Rocca d'Arce, Santopadre.
The town is the birthplace of actor Marcello Mastroianni.
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Fontechiari
Fontechiari is a town and comune in province of Frosinone, Lazio, Italy. The town has borders with the towns of Arpino, Broccostella, Casalvieri, Posta Fibreno and Vicalvi.
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France
France (Englishi/ˈfræns/ FRANSS or /ˈfrɑːns/ FRAHNSS; French: [fʁɑ̃s] ( listen)), officially the French Republic (French: République française [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is often referred to as l’Hexagone ("The Hexagon") because of the geometric shape of its territory. It is the largest western European country and it possesses the second-largest exclusive economic zone in the world, covering 11,035,000 km2 (4,260,000 sq mi), just behind that of the United States (11,351,000 km2 / 4,383,000 sq mi).
Over the past 500 years, France has been a major power with strong cultural, economic, military and political influence in Europe and around the world. During the 17th and 18th centuries, France colonised great parts of North America and Southeast Asia; during the 19th and early 20th centuries, France built the second largest colonial empire of the time, including large portions of North, West and Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and many Caribbean and Pacific Islands.
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Frosinone
Frosinone (Italian: [ˌfroziˈnɔːne] ( listen)) is a town and comune in Lazio, central Italy, the administrative seat of the Province of Frosinone. It is located about 75 km south-east of Rome close to the Rome-Naples Autostrada A1. It is commonly identified as the capital of the geographical region of Ciociaria.
Frosinone is located on a hill overlooking the valley of the Sacco River, and is surrounded by the Ernici and Lepini mountain ranges.
East of Frosinone lies an early gothic Cistercian cloister.
Media related to Frosinone at Wikimedia Commons
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Fumone
Fumone is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region of Lazio, located about 70 km southeast of Rome and about 12 km northwest of Frosinone.
The castle of Fumone was the main Papal stronghold in southern Latium. Today it houses an archaeological museum. Pope Celestine V was jailed here after his renunciation of the papal throne.
Also notable is the church of Santa Maria Annunziata, which houses relics of St. Sebastian.
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Gallinaro
Gallinaro is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian Lazio region. It is about 110 km east of Rome and about 40 km east of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,251 and an area of 17.6 km².
Gallinaro borders the following municipalities: Alvito, Atina, Picinisco, San Donato Val di Comino, Settefrati.
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Germany
Germany (i/ˈdʒɜrməni/), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant] ( listen)), is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state and the largest economy in the European Union. It is one of the major political powers of the European continent and a technological leader in many fields.
A region named Germania, inhabited by several Germanic peoples, was documented before AD 100. During the Migration Period, the Germanic tribes expanded southward, and established successor kingdoms throughout much of Europe. Beginning in the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th century, northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation while southern and western parts remained dominated by Roman Catholic denominations, with the two factions clashing in the Thirty Years' War, marking the beginning of the Catholic–Protestant divide that has characterized German society ever since. Occupied during the Napoleonic Wars, the rise of Pan-Germanism inside the German Confederation resulted in the unification of most of the German states into the German Empire in 1871 which was Prussian dominated. After the German Revolution of 1918–1919 and the subsequent military surrender in World War I, the Empire was replaced by the Weimar Republic in 1918, and partitioned in the Treaty of Versailles. Amidst the Great Depression, the Third Reich was proclaimed in 1933. The latter period was marked by Fascism and World War II. After 1945, Germany was divided by allied occupation, and evolved into two states, East Germany and West Germany. In 1990 Germany was reunified.
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Giuliano di Roma
Giuliano di Roma is a comune (municipality) in the province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 80 km southeast of Rome and about 12 km southwest of Frosinone.
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Guarcino
Guarcino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 70 km east of Rome and about 20 km north of Frosinone in the Monti Ernici area.
It is the ancient Varcenum of the Hernici, likely founded in the 8th century BC. After the Roman conquest and the fall of the Western Roman Empire, it was a free commune and later a fief in the Papal States. Pope Boniface VIII had a palace in the town.
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Isola del Liri
Isola del Liri (simply known as Isola Liri) is an Italian town in Lazio, Frosinone. As its name implies, Isola is situated between two arms of the Liri. The many waterfalls of this river and of the Fibreno are used by factories.
Of Volscan origin, after the fall of the Western Roman Empire Isola del Liri was ruled by the Byzantines and then the Lombards. Later it was part of the Duchy of Sora, becoming a ducal seat under the Boncompagni family. In 1796 it was annexed to the Papal States.
It was once in the old Terra di Lavoro region of Campania, but was transferred into Lazio during the Fascist period.
The town's main sight is the Castello Boncompagni-Viscogliosi, a fortified palace near two c- 30 m-high waterfalls (Cascata Grande and Cascata del Valcatoio) and a bridge on river. It is mentioned for the first time in 1100. After the acquisition of the Duchy of Sora by the della Rovere family, it became one of their main residences. It was also housed by their successors as dukes, the Boncompagni; in the 17th century Costanza Sforza turned into a luxurious palace, with biblica frescoes and basreliefs of the duchy's lands, as well as a garden.
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Italy
Italyi/ˈɪtəli/ (Italian: Italia [iˈtaːlja]), officially the Italian Republic or the Republic of Italy (Italian: Repubblica italiana), is a unitary parliamentary republic in south-central Europe. To the north, it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south, it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia–the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea–and many other smaller islands. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. The territory of Italy covers some 301,338 km2 (116,347 sq mi) and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 60.6 million inhabitants, it is the fifth most populous country in Europe, and the 23rd most populous in the world.
Rome, the capital of Italy, was for centuries a political and religious centre of Western civilisation as the capital of the Roman Empire and site of the Holy See. After the decline of the Roman Empire, Italy endured numerous invasions by foreign peoples, from Germanic tribes such as the Lombards and Ostrogoths, to the Byzantines and later, the Normans, among others. Centuries later, Italy became the birthplace of Maritime republics and the Renaissance, an immensely fruitful intellectual movement that would prove to be integral in shaping the subsequent course of European thought.
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Lazio
Lazio (pronounced [ˈlattsjo], Latin: Latium) is one of the 20 administrative regions of Italy, situated in the central peninsular section of the country. With about 5.7 million residents and a GDP of more than 170 billion euros, Lazio is the third most populated and the second richest region of Italy. It includes Rome, capital and largest city of Italy.
Lazio comprises a land area of 17,236 km2 (6,655 sq mi) and it has borders with Tuscany, Umbria, and Marche to the north, Abruzzo and Molise to the east, Campania to the south, and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the west. The region is mainly flat and hilly, with small mountainous areas in the most eastern and southern districts.
The coast of Lazio is mainly composed of sandy beaches, punctuated by the headlands of Circeo (541 m) and Gaeta (171 m). The Pontine Islands, which are part of Lazio, lie opposite the southern coast. Behind the coastal strip, to the north, lies the Maremma Laziale (the continuation of Tuscan Maremma), a costal plain interrupted at Civitavecchia by the Tolfa Mountains (616 m). The central section of the region is occupied by the Roman Campagna, a vast alluvial plain surrounding the city of Rome, with an area of approximately 2,100 km2 (811 sq mi). The southern districts are characterized by the flatlands of Agro Pontino, a once swampy and malarial area, that was reclaimed over the centuries.
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Malta
Maltai/ˈmɒltə/, officially known as the Republic of Malta (Maltese: Repubblika ta' Malta), is a Southern European country consisting of an archipelago situated in the centre of the Mediterranean, 80 km (50 mi) south of Sicily, 284 km (176 mi) east of Tunisia and 333 km (207 mi) north of Libya, with Gibraltar 1,755 km (1,091 mi) to the west and Alexandria 1,508 km (937 mi) to the east. Malta covers just over 316 km2 (122 sq mi) in land area, making it one of the world's smallest states. It is also one of the most densely populated countries worldwide. The de facto capital city of Malta is Valletta; the largest town, Birkirkara. The main island comprises many towns, which together form one Larger Urban Zone (LUZ) with a population of 368,250 according to Eurostat. The country has two official languages, Maltese (constitutionally the national language) and English.
Throughout history, Malta's location has given it great strategic importance, and a succession of powers including the Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, Arabs, Normans, Aragonese, Habsburg Spain, Knights of St John, French and the British ruled the islands. Malta gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1964 and became a republic in 1974, whilst retaining membership in the Commonwealth of Nations. Malta was admitted to the United Nations in 1964 and to the European Union in 2004. Malta is also party to the Schengen Agreement and in 2008 it became part of the eurozone.
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Monte Cassino
Monte Cassino is a rocky hill about 130 kilometres (81 mi) southeast of Rome, Italy, c. 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) to the west of the town of Cassino (the Roman Casinum having been on the hill) and 520 m (1,706.04 ft) altitude. St. Benedict of Nursia established his first monastery, the source of the Benedictine Order, here around 529. It was the site of Battle of Monte Cassino in 1944. The site has been visited many times by the Popes and other senior clergy, including a visit by Pope Benedict XVI in May 2009. The monastery is one of the few remaining territorial abbeys within the Catholic Church.
According to Gregory the Great's biography of Benedict, Life of Saint Benedict of Nursia, the monastery was constructed on an older pagan site, a temple of Apollo that crowned the hill. The biography records that the area was still largely pagan at the time and Benedict's first act was to smash the sculpture of Apollo and destroy the altar. He then reused the temple, dedicating it to Saint Martin, and built another chapel on the site of the altar dedicated to Saint John the Baptist. Archaeologist Neil Christie notes that it was common in such hagiographies for the protagonist to encounter areas of strong paganism. Once established at Monte Cassino, Benedict never left. There he wrote the Benedictine Rule that became the founding principle for western monasticism. There at Monte Cassino he received a visit from Totila, king of the Ostrogoths, perhaps in 543 (the only remotely secure historical date for Benedict), and there he died.
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Morolo
Morolo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 70 km southeast of Rome and about 12 km west of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,145 and an area of 26.5 km².
Morolo borders the following municipalities: Ferentino, Gorga, Sgurgola, Supino.
Ernesto Biondi
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North York
North York is a district and a former municipality within the current city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Geographically, it comprises the central part of the northern section of Toronto. As of the 2006 Census, it has a population of 635,370. The official 2001 census count was 608,288. Until 1998, it was the second-largest of six municipalities that comprised another larger municipal structure called Metropolitan Toronto. The previous year, the provincial Government of Ontario passed legislation to merge these municipalities into a single, new amalgamated City of Toronto. North York is one of the most diverse areas of Toronto, as it contains some of the most affluent areas of the city (The Bridle Path, Hogg's Hollow, York Mills, Willowdale, Bayview Village) and some of the poorest (Jane and Finch, Flemingdon Park and Lawrence Heights).
The Township of North York was formed on June 13, 1922 out of the rural part of the Township of York. The rapidly-urbanizing parts of the Township remained in that township. As North York itself became more urbanized, it became the Borough of North York in 1967, and then on February 14, 1979, the City of North York. To commemorate receiving its city charter on St. Valentine's Day, the city's corporate slogan was "The City with Heart". It now forms the largest part of the area served by the "North York Community Council", a committee of Toronto City Council.
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Olinda
Olinda (Portuguese pronunciation: [oˈlĩdɐ]) is a historic city in the Brazilian state of Pernambuco, located on the country's northeastern Atlantic Ocean coast, just north of Recife and south of Paulista. It has a population of 397,268 people and is one of the best-preserved colonial cities in Brazil.
Olinda features a number of major touristic attractions, such as a historic downtown area (World Heritage Site), churches, and the Carnival of Olinda, a popular street party, very similar to traditional Portuguese carnivals, with the addition of African influenced dances. Unlike in Rio de Janeiro and Salvador, in Olinda, admission to Carnival is free. All the festivities are celebrated on the streets, and there are no bleachers or roping. There are hundreds of small musical groups (sometimes featuring a single performer) in many genres.
Several indigenous tribes occupied the coast of Northeastern Brazil for several thousand years, and the hills of the present day municipality of Olinda had settlements of Caetés and Tupinambá tribes, which were frequently at war. French mercenaries are thought to be the first Europeans to get to the region, but the Portuguese exploited intertribal rivalries and managed to build a stronghold on the former Caeté village in the higher hill. Recent studies by the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco have uncovered new evidence of the pre-colonial population of the area. The settlement of Olinda was founded in 1535 by Duarte Coelho Pereira; it was elevated to a town on March 12, 1537. It was made the seat of the Territorial Prelature of Pernambuco in 1614, becoming the Diocese of Olinda in 1676.
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Ortona
Ortona is a coastal town and municipality of the Province of Chieti in the Italian region of Abruzzo, with some 23,000 inhabitants.
Ortona was the site of fierce fighting between German and Canadian forces during the Italian campaign in World War II. The ferocity of the battle led it to be known as the "Little Stalingrad" as Winston Churchill called this city, (See Battle of Ortona).
The origins of Ortona are uncertain. Presumably, it was first inhabited by the Frentani, an Italic population. In 2005, during works near the Castle, a Bronze Age settlement was discovered, and the Roman town largely coincided with this first settlement. Some sections of paved roads and urban walls, as well as some archaeological findings are the only remains of this period. Ortona remained a part of the Roman Empire (i.e., the Byzantine Empire) for several centuries, before it was annexed by the Kingdom of the Lombards. In 803 the Franks incorporated Ortona into the county of Chieti. From that date on, the town remained tied to Chieti and its territory.
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Paliano
Paliano is a town and comune in the province of Frosinone, in the Lazio region of central Italy.
Paliano was the seat of a branch of the powerful Colonna family whose head was Lord, then Duke, then Prince of Paliano. Their fortress dominates the town. In 1556 papal forces captured the town, which was governed for a few years by Giovanni Carafa, nephew of Pope Paul IV, as Duke. His wife, Violante di Cardona, was the Duchess of Paliano celebrated in Stendhal’s novella of the same name.
Upon the death of Paul IV in 1559, Marcantonio Colonna regained the town. His participation in the naval battle of Lepanto in 1571 is commemorated by the Via Lepanto leading to the family palazzo. The seventeenth century church of Sant’ Andrea contains the tombs of the Colonna, including a magnificent tomb for Prince Filippo II Colonna by Bernardino Ludovisi, completed in 1745. In the nineteenth century the Colonna fortress was sold to the Papal States, which used it as a prison.
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Pastena
Pastena is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 90 km southeast of Rome and about 20 km southeast of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,645 and an area of 42.0 km².
Pastena borders the following municipalities: Castro dei Volsci, Falvaterra, Lenola, Pico, San Giovanni Incarico.
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Patrica
Patrica is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 70 km southeast of Rome and about 10 km southwest of Frosinone. It is part of Ciociaria, not far from the Monti Lepini.
Patrica borders the following municipalities: Ceccano, Frosinone, Giuliano di Roma, Supino.
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Pescosolido
Pescosolido is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 100 km east of Rome and about 30 km northeast of Frosinone.
Pescosolido borders the following municipalities: Balsorano, Campoli Appennino, Sora, Villavallelonga.
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Picinisco
Picinisco is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 120 km east of Rome and about 45 km east of Frosinone. It is included in the Valle di Comino and National Park of Abruzzo, Lazio e Molise.
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Piglio
Piglio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 50 km east of Rome and about 30 km northwest of Frosinone, offering a panoramic view on the valleys of the Sacco and Aniene rivers.
It has been identified with the ancient Roman Capitulum, a Hernican town. Its area was the seat of several Roman patrician towns.
In 1088 it is mentioned as Castrum Pileum; according to a legend, the name would stem from the Latin pileum, the helmet of Roman general Quintus Fabius Maximus. In that period it depended from the bishop of Anagni and, from the late 12th century, it was first a fief of the De Pileo and then of the De Antiochia families. In 1347 it was captured by Cola di Rienzo and, from the late 14th century, it was under the Colonna family, who held it until 1816. In 1656 the town was decimated by plague.
Piglio became part of the newly formed Kingdom of Italy in 1870. During World War II, it was bombed by Allied planes, with c. 30% of the edifices destroyed.
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Pignataro Interamna
Pignataro Interamna is a town and comune in Lazio, Italy. It takes its name from the ancient Roman colony of Interamna Lirenas.
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Pofi
Pofi is a comune (municipality) of c. 4,400 inhabitants in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 80 km southeast of Rome and about 9 km southeast of Frosinone.
Pofi borders the following municipalities: Arnara, Castro dei Volsci, Ceccano, Ceprano, Ripi.
Saint Rocco is the patron saint.
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Poland
Polandi/ˈpoʊlənd/ (Polish: Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Polish: Rzeczpospolita Polska; Kashubian: Pòlskô Repùblika; Silesian: Polsko Republika), is a country in Central Europe, bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The total area of Poland is 312,679 square kilometres (120,726 sq mi), making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. Poland has a population of over 38 million people, which makes it the 34th most populous country in the world and the sixth most populous member of the European Union, being its most populous post-communist member. Poland is a unitary state made up of 16 voivodeships. Poland is a member of the European Union, NATO, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Economic Area, International Energy Agency, Council of Europe, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, International Atomic Energy Agency, G6, Council of the Baltic Sea States, Visegrád Group, Weimar Triangle and Schengen Agreement.
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Pontecorvo
Pontecorvo is a town and comune in the province of Frosinone, Lazio, Italy. Its population is 13,400.
The village lies under Rocca Guglielma, a medieval fortification perched on an inaccessible spur. Its name derives from the pons curvus, "curved bridge", that may still be seen spanning the Liri in the center of the town that grew around the bridgehead in the course of the Middle Ages. The curve of the bridge was intended to divert timbers that might strike its piers during floods. The folk etymology of corvo, "crow", symbol of the "black monks", the Benedictines of the abbey of Monte Cassino, within whose secular territory, the Terra Sancti Benedicti, Pontecorvo lay, is displayed in the town's modern coat-of-arms, which represents a crow surmounting a curved bridge.
In Roman times the agricultural region was governed from Aquinum, the modern Aquino. Some Roman remains have been retrieved from a villa site at Sant'Oliva. The medieval commune dates from 860, when Rodoaldo, the Lombard gastaldo of Aquino, erected the first version of the walled fortification on the rocca, intended to guard the bridgehead from Saracen intruders coming up the Liri. The castle's chapel seems to have been dedicated to Saint Bartholomew; on the ruins of the Lombard castello was erected the earliest Cathedral of San Bartolomeo of which the campanile was a rebuilding of the castellan's tower. Two medieval quarters developed, Cività within the walls and Pastine in the meadows between the city walls and the river. The little bridgehead settlement formed part of the County of Capua; there in 866 Louis II, Holy Roman Emperor, set up camp at Pontecorvo in campaigns against the Saracens. In 960 Atenulf succeeded in attaching Pontecorvo to his gastaldate of Aquino; at his death his lands were divided into a county of Aquino and a county of Pontecorvo.
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Posta Fibreno
Posta Fibreno is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 100 km east of Rome and about 30 km east of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,248 and an area of 9.1 km².
Posta Fibreno borders the following municipalities: Alvito, Broccostella, Campoli Appennino, Fontechiari, Vicalvi.
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Ripi
Ripi is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 80 km southeast of Rome and about 7 km east of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 5,390 and an area of 31.4 km².
Ripi borders the following municipalities: Arnara, Boville Ernica, Ceprano, Pofi, Strangolagalli, Torrice, Veroli.
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Roccasecca
Roccasecca is a town and comune in the province of Frosinone, in the Lazio region of central Italy. It is the birthplace of St. Thomas Aquinas.
The history of Roccasecca is tightly bound to its strategic position, a "dry rocca" at the entrance to two narrow defiles that give access to the Valle di Comino, below the slopes of Monte Asprano (553 m.), which provides a natural position to control the wide Valle del Liri. Remains of archaic perimeter walling attest to early fortified presence around the site. Roccasecca served as a way station for Roman legions and invading armies crossing the River Melfa, spanned by three ancient bridges here, of which remains persist, but the commune had its real beginnings in the early Middle Ages.
It is commonly remembered that Thomas Aquinas was born at Roccasecca, in 1225, in the castle of his father Landulf, count of Aquino, an important defensive structure that had been erected by Manso, abbot of Monte Cassino in 994, as part of the outward defenses of the abbey, some kilometres distant. The Abbot placed in charge of the fortified rocca a collateral branch of the counts of Aquino, whose main seat at Aquino lies eight km. to the south; they retained their hold on the place through numerous battles, through the centuries.
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San Giorgio a Liri
San Giorgio a Liri is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 120 km southeast of Rome and about 45 km southeast of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,146 and an area of 15.6 km².
The municipality of San Giorgio a Liri contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Torricelli, Cese, and Iumari.
San Giorgio a Liri borders the following municipalities: Castelnuovo Parano, Esperia, Pignataro Interamna, Sant'Apollinare, Vallemaio.
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Santopadre
Santopadre is a small town and comune in the province of Frosinone, Lazio region of Italy.
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Senglea
Senglea (Maltese: L-Isla) is a fortified city in the east of Malta, mainly in the Grand Harbour area. It is one of the Three Cities in the east of Malta, the other two being Cospicua and Vittoriosa, and has a population of slightly below three thousand people. The city is also called Civitas Invicta, because it managed to resist the Ottoman invasion at the Great Siege of 1565. The proper name is Senglea since the grandmaster who built it, Claude De La Sengle, gave this city a part of his name.
The island on which Senglea lies was joined by a land bridge to Cospicua during the time of the Knights of St. John and as a result, it became peninsular in shape. During the time of the Knights of St. John, Senglea was also used as a hunting area, and was known as L'Isola di San Giuliano.
In 1311 St. Julian's church or chapel was founded in Isola. This was the first building to be constructed on what later became Senglea. On 8 May 1552 the foundation stone of Fort St.Michael was laid. Work on the fort, which was designed by Architect Pedro Pardo, was completed in 1553. Construction of walled town Senglea took place during the following decade. The area, which had until the 1550s been known as Isola di San Giuliano or Isola di San Michele, was given city status by Grand Master Claude De La Sengle and was named after him.
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Serbia
Serbiai/ˈsɜrbiə/, officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: Република Србија / Republika Srbija, pronounced [rɛpǔblika sř̩bija]), is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans. Serbia borders Hungary to the north; Romania and Bulgaria to the east; the Republic of Macedonia to the south; and Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro to the west; additionally, it borders Albania through Kosovo, whose status as part of Serbia is disputed. Serbia covers an area of 88,361 km2 and has a population of just over 7.1 million, while the capital and largest city is Belgrade.
The arrival of the Serbs to the Balkans in the 7th century, established several states, eventually forming the Serbian Empire in the 14th century. By the 16th century, Serbia was conquered and occupied by the Ottoman Empire, at times interrupted by the Habsburgs. In the early 19th century the Serbian revolution re-established the country as the region's first constitutional monarchy, which subsequently expanded its territory and pioneered the abolition of feudalism in the Balkans. The former Habsburg crownland of Vojvodina united with Serbia in 1918. Following World War I, Serbia formed Yugoslavia with other South Slavic peoples which existed in several forms up until 2006, when the National Assembly of Serbia declared independence and the legal succession to the former State Union. In February 2008 the parliament of UNMIK-governed Kosovo, Serbia's southern province, declared independence, with mixed responses from international governments.
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Serrone
Serrone is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located in the Monti Ernici area about 50 km east of Rome and about 30 km northwest of Frosinone.
Serrone borders the following municipalities: Arcinazzo Romano, Olevano Romano, Paliano, Piglio, Roiate.
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Settefrati
Settefrati is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 120 km east of Rome and about 40 km east of Frosinone.
The territory of Settefrati houses the ancient Sanctuary of Canneto; near to it, in 1958, remains of an ancient dedicated to the Italic goddess Mephites was found (c. 3rd century BC). Of the 10th century castles a tower and some ruins remain.
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Sgurgola
Sgurgola is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 60 km southeast of Rome and about 15 km west of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,610 and an area of 19.3 km².
Sgurgola borders the following municipalities: Anagni, Ferentino, Gorga, Morolo.
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Strangolagalli
Strangolagalli is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 90 km southeast of Rome and about 12 km southeast of Frosinone. It is located on the slopes of Ernici Mountains, towards the Liri River. Economy is based mainly on agriculture, numerous inhabitants commuting to nearby industries for work.
The origin of the name (in Italian: "Chicken-Strangler") is uncertain. It could derive from the Byzantine strongylos ("circular") and the Lombard wal ("palisade"), indicating a settlement fortified in that way. A 17th century scholar derived it from the villa of one Roman patrician Astragalus Gallus.
Archaeological findings have indeed suggested that Strangolagalli had been an Romansettlement. The existence of the castle is attested in 1097, but it was probably of Lombard origin. Initially a dominion of the Girini (or Girindi) family, it was later under the seignories of Veroli and D'Aquino. The town and countryside are dominated with the Valerie, Tomassi, Lisi, Sementilli, and Casagrande family lines.
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Supino
Supino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 70 km southeast of Rome and about 10 km west of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 4,875 and an area of 35.3 km².
Supino borders the following municipalities: Carpineto Romano, Ferentino, Frosinone, Giuliano di Roma, Gorga, Maenza, Morolo, Patrica.
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Terelle
Terelle is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 110 km southeast of Rome and about 35 km east of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 570 and an area of 31.7 km².
Terelle borders the following municipalities: Atina, Belmonte Castello, Casalattico, Cassino, Colle San Magno, Piedimonte San Germano, Sant'Elia Fiumerapido, Villa Santa Lucia.
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Torre Cajetani
Torre Cajetani is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 60 km east of Rome and about 20 km northwest of Frosinone.
Torre Cajetani borders the following municipalities: Fiuggi, Guarcino, Trivigliano.
The name derives from the Caetani family.
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Torrice
Torrice is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 80 km southeast of Rome and about 4 km east of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 4,435 and an area of 18.2 km².
Torrice borders the following municipalities: Arnara, Boville Ernica, Frosinone, Ripi, Veroli.
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Trevi nel Lazio
Trevi nel Lazio is a town and comune of the province of Frosinone in the Italian region of Lazio in the upper valley of the Aniene river. It is 17 km by road NE of Fiuggi and 23 km by road SE of Subiaco, the nearest larger towns.
The town first makes its appearance as Treba, a place of the Aequi, and later was called Treba Augusta to help distinguish it from Trebiae (Trevi in Umbria). The town was a bishopric from 499 to 1060; in the 15th century, it was sacked by Alfonso V of Aragon.
In August 2011 the Italian government had made plans to merge the village with neighbouring Filettino, in order to cut administrative costs, but they were interrupted by the protestations of the mayor of the village, Luca Sellari, who announced his village would become its own independent principality, in order to preserve its identity.
An old arch within the territory of the comune is said to be Roman, and some remains of the ancient acropolis have survived, but otherwise Trevi's monuments are medieval or later:
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Trivigliano
Trivigliano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 60 km east of Rome and about 20 km northwest of Frosinone, in the Monti Ernici area
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Tychy
Tychy ([ˈtɨxɨ] ( listen)) is a city in Silesia, Poland, approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Katowice. Situated on the southern edge of the Upper Silesian industrial district, the city borders Katowice to the north, Mikołów to the west, Bieruń to the east and Kobiór to the south. The Gostynia river, a tributary of the Vistula, flows through Tychy.
Since 1999 Tychy has been located within the Silesian Voivodeship, a province consisting of 71 regional towns and cities. Tychy is also one of the founding cities of the Metropolitan Association of Upper Silesia, a pan-Silesian economic and political union formed with the eventual aim of bringing the most populous Silesian areas under a single administrative body.
Tychy is well known for its brewing industry, which dates back to the 17th century. Since 1950 Tychy has grown rapidly, mainly as a result of post-war Communist planning policies enacted to disperse the population of industrial Upper Silesia.
The moniker Tychy is derived from the Polish word cichy, meaning "quiet" or "still". Although appropriate for most of Tychy's history, the name is now somewhat ironic considering the growth of the city from 1950 onwards.
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Užice
Užice (Serbian Cyrillic: Ужице, pronounced [ûʒit͡se̞] ( listen)) is a city and municipality in western Serbia, located at the banks of the Đetinja river. It is the administrative center of the Zlatibor District. The municipality has a total population of 78,018, while the city itself has a population of 52,199, while including the suburban settlements of Buar and Sevojno, brings the population to 102,463 inhabitants (2002 census).[not in citation given]
The region surrounding Užice was first settled by Illyrians, specifically the Parthini and Autariatae tribes. Their tombs are found throughout the region. In the 3rd century BC, Scordisci were formed here after the Gallic invasion of the Balkans. The region was conquered by the Roman Empire in 168 BC, being organized into the Illyricum province in 32-27 BC, and after 10 AD, the province of Dalmatia. The town municipium Capedunum existed here during Roman times, its name point at Celtic origin, (dun, fortress), similarly to Singidunum, the founding of Belgrade.
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Vallecorsa
Vallecorsa is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 90 km southeast of Rome and about 20 km south of Frosinone, in the Monti Ausoni area.
Economy is based on olive production.
The town is known as a fortified borough from around the 9th century AD. The ancient structure is the castle, a defensive stronghold on the boundary between the Papal States and the Kingdom of Naples.
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Vallemaio
Vallemaio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 120 km southeast of Rome and about 50 km southeast of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,026 and an area of 19.6 km².
Vallemaio borders the following municipalities: Castelforte, Castelnuovo Parano, Coreno Ausonio, San Giorgio a Liri, Sant'Andrea del Garigliano, Sant'Apollinare.
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Vallerotonda
Vallerotonda is a town and comune (municipality) in the region of Lazio in central Italy, in the province of Frosinone. The commune is situated on the Apennine Mountains and forms part of the Comino Valley.
The area is historically tied to the Mezzogiorno, the Italian "South", only relatively recently in the 1920s Fascist rule, was it transferred to the "central" province of Lazio along with Latina from the Terra di Lavoro, which was a giustizierato (circumscription) of the former Kingdom of Naples.
It borders the communes Acquafondata, Cervaro, Filignano (IS), Rocchetta a Volturno (IS), San Biagio Saracinisco, Sant'Elia Fiumerapido, and Viticuso.
The comune is split up into four frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets): Centro, Valvori, Cerreto and Cardito.
The mother of Italian-Scot film director Anthony Minghella hails from Valvori, a frazione of Vallerotonda.
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Veroli
Veroli (Latin: Verulae) is a town and comune in province of Frosinone, Lazio, Italy.
Veroli became a Roman municipium in 90 BCE. It became the seat of a bishopric in 743 CE, and was occupied by Spanish milices, allied to the Colonna family, in the 16th troops.
Veroli retains elements of its ancient polygonal nucleus, especially near the summit of the hill, later occupied by a medieval castle. The Cathedral's treasury contains the breviary of St. Louis of Toulouse, and some interesting reliquaries, one in ivory with bas-reliefs, and two in the Gothic style, of silver gilt.
Near Veroli is the important Gothic Abbey of Casamari.
Castelmassimo, Colleberardi, Colle Ciaffone, Cotropagno, Giglio di Veroli, Madonna della Vittoria, San Giuseppe le Prata, Santa Francesca, Sant'Angelo in villa, Scifelli, Aia le monache, Bagnara, Casamari, Case Cibba, Case Cocchi, Case Fiorini, Case Gattone, Case Palmerini-Oste, Case Pinciveri, Case Ricci, Case Scaccia, Case Sciascia, Case Volpi, Casino Spani, Castello, Chiarano, Colle Capito, Colle grosso, Colle Martino, Cona dei greci, Crescenzi, Crocifisso, Fontana Fratta, Gaude, Madonna degli Angeli, Madonna del pianto, Madonna di Foiano, Ponte Vasagalli, Puppari, San Cristoforo, San Filippo, Santa Maria Amaseno, Sant'Anna, San Vito, Speluca, Stere Mancini, Tondarella, Tor dei venti, Torre Caravicchia, Tretticatore, Vado Amaseno, Valle Amaseno, Vernieri, Virano.
wn.com/Veroli -
Vicalvi
Vicalvi is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 100 km east of Rome and about 30 km east of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 844 and an area of 8.2 km².
Vicalvi borders the following municipalities: Alvito, Casalvieri, Fontechiari, Posta Fibreno.
Vicalvi Italy Website - History, Photos, Links: http://www.endex.com/gf/family/vicalvi/vicalvi.html
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wn.com/Vicalvi -
Vico nel Lazio
Vico nel Lazio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 70 km east of Rome and about 15 km north of Frosinone.
wn.com/Vico_nel_Lazio -
Villa Latina
Villa Latina is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 120 km southeast of Rome and about 40 km east of Frosinone.
wn.com/Villa_Latina -
Villa Santa Lucia
Villa Santa Lucia is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 110 km southeast of Rome and about 35 km southeast of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,696 and an area of 18.1 km².
The municipality of Villa Santa Lucia contains the frazione (subdivision) Piumarola e Pittoni.
Villa Santa Lucia borders the following municipalities: Cassino, Piedimonte San Germano, Pignataro Interamna, Terelle.
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wn.com/Villa_Santa_Lucia -
Villa Santo Stefano
Villa Santo Stefano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 80 km southeast of Rome and about 13 km south of Frosinone.
Villa Santo Stefano borders the following municipalities: Amaseno, Castro dei Volsci, Ceccano, Giuliano di Roma, Prossedi.
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wn.com/Villa_Santo_Stefano -
Viticuso
Viticuso is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 130 km southeast of Rome and about 50 km east of Frosinone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 423 and an area of 21.1 km².
Viticuso borders the following municipalities: Acquafondata, Cervaro, Conca Casale, Pozzilli, San Vittore del Lazio, Vallerotonda.
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wn.com/Viticuso -
Zamość
Zamość ([ˈzamɔɕt͡ɕ]; Ukrainian: Замостя Zamostia) is a town in southeastern Poland with 66,633 inhabitants (2004), situated in the south-western part of Lublin Voivodeship (since 1999), about 90 km (55.92 mi) from Lublin, 247 km (153.48 mi) from Warsaw and 60 km (37.28 mi) from the border with Ukraine. About 20 kilometres from the town is the Roztocze National Park.
Before the outbreak of World War II, more than 12,500 Jews lived in Zamosc, accounting for 43 percent of its population. The current Jewish population is 3.
The historical city centre was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List (in 1992) as a result of the decision taken during the sixteenth ordinary session of the World Heritage Committee, held in Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, from 7 to 14 December 1992.
wn.com/Zamość
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Antonio Labriola
Antonio Labriola (July 2, 1843 - February 12, 1904) was an Italian Marxist theoretician. Although an academic philosopher and never an active member of any Marxist political party, his thought exerted influence on many political theorists in Italy during the early 20th century, including the founder of the Italian Liberal Party, Benedetto Croce and one of the leaders of the Italian Communist Party, Antonio Gramsci.
Labriola was born in Cassino (then in the Papal States), the son a schoolteacher. In 1861, he entered the University of Naples. Upon graduating, he remained in Naples and became a schoolteacher. During this period, he pursued an interest in philosophy, history and ethnography. The early 1870s saw Labriola take up journalism and his writings from this time express liberal and anticlerical views.
In 1874, Labriola was appointed as a professor in Rome, where he was to spend the rest of his life teaching, writing and debating. Although he had been critical of liberalism since 1873, his move towards Marxism was gradual, and he did not explicitly express a socialist viewpoint until 1889. He died in Rome on 2 February 1904.
wn.com/Antonio_Labriola -
Arturo Gatti
Arturo "Thunder" Gatti (April 15, 1972 – July 11, 2009) was an Italian-Canadian professional boxer. Born in Cassino, Italy and raised in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Gatti relocated to Jersey City, United States as a teenager. He returned to Montreal after retiring from boxing to work in real estate.
Gatti won world championships designated by two different boxing boards in two different weight classes. He also participated in Ring Magazine's "Fight of the Year" a total of four times (1997, 1998, 2002 and 2003). He announced his retirement on July 14, 2007.
Arturo Gatti was a member of the Canadian National team, and was training to represent Canada at the 1992 Summer Games, but at age 19 (in 1991), he decided to turn pro instead. He began boxing professionally on the night of November 17, 1992.
His next fight, on March 24, 1993, was his first fight abroad, where he visited Amsterdam, Netherlands and knocked out Plawen Goutchev in round one.
In 1994, he beat Leon Bostic, and followed through with a win over Pete Taliaferro to win the USBA Super Featherweight title, by a knockout in round one. He retained the title against Richard Salazar and former world champion Jose Sanabria.
wn.com/Arturo_Gatti -
Gino Matrundola
Gino Matrundola (born July 21, 1940) is a former politician in Ontario, Canada.
Matrundola was born in Cassino, Italy and immigrated to Canada in the 1960s, after a brief sojourn in Scotland. He was educated at the Italian Polytechnical School in Rome, and Ryerson Polytechnical Institute in Toronto. He was licensed as a real estate agent in North York, Ontario in 1964, and eventually founded his own realty company. He became an active member of both the Ontario Liberal Party and the Liberal Party of Canada.
Matrundola won the Ontario Liberal Party nomination in the riding of Armourdale for the 1985 Ontario election, but lost the election to Progressive Conservative incumbent Bruce McCaffrey by only 212 votes. The election resulted in David Peterson's Liberals forming a minority government. When the province returned to the polls in 1987, the Liberals won a majority government. Matrundola was elected in the newly created riding of Willowdale, which incorporated much of Armourdale, defeating Progressive Conservative Charles Harnick. Matrundola served as a backbench Member of Provincial Parliament until he was appointed Deputy Government Whip in 1989.
wn.com/Gino_Matrundola -
Hannibal
Hannibal, son of Hamilcar Barca (247 – 183/182 BC) was a Punic Carthaginian military commander and tactician, generally considered one of the greatest military commanders in history. His father, Hamilcar Barca, was the leading Carthaginian commander during the First Punic War, his younger brothers were Mago and Hasdrubal, and he was brother-in-law to Hasdrubal the Fair.
Hannibal lived during a period of great tension in the Mediterranean, when the Roman Republic established its supremacy over other great powers such as Carthage, the Hellenistic kingdoms of Macedon, Syracuse, and the Seleucid empire. One of his most famous achievements was at the outbreak of the Second Punic War, when he marched an army, which included war elephants, from Iberia over the Pyrenees and the Alps into northern Italy. In his first few years in Italy, he won three dramatic victories—Trebia, Trasimene, and Cannae—and won over many allies of Rome. Hannibal occupied much of Italy for 15 years, but a Roman counter-invasion of North Africa forced him to return to Carthage, where he was decisively defeated by Scipio Africanus at the Battle of Zama. Scipio had studied Hannibal's tactics and brilliantly devised some of his own, and finally defeated Rome's nemesis at Zama, having previously driven Hasdrubal, Hannibal's brother, out of the Iberian Peninsula.
wn.com/Hannibal -
Michael Valente
Michael Valente (February 5, 1895 – January 10, 1976) was a United States Army soldier who served in World War I. He received the United States military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions in France on September 29, 1918.
Born on February 5, 1895, in Cassino, Italy, Valente immigrated to the United States and joined the Army in 1916 from Ogdensburg, New York. By September 29, 1918, he was serving in France as a private with Company D of the 107th Infantry Regiment, 27th Division. On that day, his unit was participating in an assault on the Hindenburg Line east of Ronssoy when they were held up by intense machine gun fire. With another man, Valente voluntarily moved forward and silenced two machine gun nests, attacked a trench, and killed five Germans and captured 21 others before being wounded. For these actions, he was awarded the Medal of Honor a decade later, in 1929.
Valente is buried at Long Island National Cemetery in Farmingdale, New York.
Valente's official Medal of Honor citation reads:
wn.com/Michael_Valente -
Vittorio Miele
Vittorio Miele (November 24, 1926, Cassino - November 18, 1999, Cassino) was an Italian painter.
Vittorio Miele was born in Cassino in 1926 and he lived the tragedy of the Second World War, during the Battle of Monte Cassino where his father and his little sister died. His mother will die later for the injuries.
Vittorio Miele survived and he went to Northern Italy.
In 1958 he participated in the Mantova City National Art Exhibition and in 1966 he had his first one-man exhibition in Frosinone.
In 1969 with the painting "Il Dolore" he was awarded the second prize at the International Painting Exhibition in Piervert, in France and with the painting "Case di Ciociaria" he was awarded the first prize at the Exhibition "Figurative Arts Province" in Rome.
In 1971 the Administration of the Republic of San Marino invited him to hold a one-man exhibition at the Ridotto of the Titano Theatre. In July 1971 thousands of people visit this exhibition.
In 1972 some of his paintings were chosen, together with those of De Chirico, Campigli, Gentilini, Cantore and Greco for a collective exhibition in the "2000" Gallery in Tokyo, the only gallery specialized in the presentation and popularisation of contemporary art in Japan. His international experience enriches after only one year. In June 1973, with "L'ultimo Gradino" and "Passaggio Ciociaro" he is present in the Arts Pavillon in Sarajevo.
wn.com/Vittorio_Miele -
World War I
World War I (WWI), which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939 (World War II), and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918. It involved all the world's great powers, which were assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies (based on the Triple Entente of the United Kingdom, France and Russia) and the Central Powers (originally centred around the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy; but, as Austria–Hungary had taken the offensive against the agreement, Italy did not enter into the war). These alliances both reorganised (Italy fought for the Allies), and expanded as more nations entered the war. Ultimately more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. More than 9 million combatants were killed, largely because of enormous increases in lethality of weapons, thanks to new technology, without corresponding improvements in protection or mobility. It was the sixth-deadliest conflict in world history, subsequently paving the way for various political changes such as revolutions in the nations involved.
wn.com/World_War_I
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American Low - Cassino (Album Version)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:47
- Updated: 10 Dec 2012
American Low by Cassino from the album, Sounds of Salvation
http://wn.com/American_Low_Cassino_Album_Version
American Low by Cassino from the album, Sounds of Salvation
Battle for Monte Cassino
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 49:36
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
It was the most gruelling, the most harrowing, and in many ways the most tragic of all the battles fought in Europe during the Second World War. It was also the most international - soldiers of 16 countries fought and died there. It had become, too, a battle to be mulled over, puzzled out, and re-fought, not just by professional soldiers and military historians, but also by armchair strategists, for it is full of controversy: not least the bombing by the Allies of the historic Benedictine monastery on the summit of Monte Cassino. But to the men who took part, the battle will chiefly be remembered for the mud and the cold, and above all for the hypnotic attraction of the great monastery itself - an all seeing eye, glowering down from the sheer hill and noticing everyone and everything.
http://wn.com/Battle_for_Monte_Cassino
It was the most gruelling, the most harrowing, and in many ways the most tragic of all the battles fought in Europe during the Second World War. It was also the most international - soldiers of 16 countries fought and died there. It had become, too, a battle to be mulled over, puzzled out, and re-fought, not just by professional soldiers and military historians, but also by armchair strategists, for it is full of controversy: not least the bombing by the Allies of the historic Benedictine monastery on the summit of Monte Cassino. But to the men who took part, the battle will chiefly be remembered for the mud and the cold, and above all for the hypnotic attraction of the great monastery itself - an all seeing eye, glowering down from the sheer hill and noticing everyone and everything.
- published: 07 Feb 2012
- views: 45147
- author: HistoryFeed
Sabaton - Union (Polish subs, Polskie napisy)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:06
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
Few pictures from Monte Cassino + Sabaton Union + Polish subs. To download this video: www.tubegold.pl Lyrics As the turn of the tide it is our turn to rise The force of a union at war March over mountains on our way to the north On the road that will lead us to Rome Our way will not be easy, it will take us through hardship and pain Hill after hill breaking their lines of defence Head on north Mile after mile our march carries on No army may stop our approach Fight side by side many nations unite In the shadow of Monte Cassino We fight and die together as we head for the valley of death Destiny calls we'll not surrender or fail To arms under one banner As a unit we stand and united we fall As one fighting together Bringing an end to the slaughter Winds are changing head on north
http://wn.com/Sabaton_Union_Polish_subs,_Polskie_napisy
Few pictures from Monte Cassino + Sabaton Union + Polish subs. To download this video: www.tubegold.pl Lyrics As the turn of the tide it is our turn to rise The force of a union at war March over mountains on our way to the north On the road that will lead us to Rome Our way will not be easy, it will take us through hardship and pain Hill after hill breaking their lines of defence Head on north Mile after mile our march carries on No army may stop our approach Fight side by side many nations unite In the shadow of Monte Cassino We fight and die together as we head for the valley of death Destiny calls we'll not surrender or fail To arms under one banner As a unit we stand and united we fall As one fighting together Bringing an end to the slaughter Winds are changing head on north
- published: 27 Jun 2008
- views: 921321
- author: kropas
Adam Aston - Czerwone maki na Monte Cassino, 1944
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:32
- Updated: 22 Dec 2012
Adam Aston (Adolf Loewensohn) was one of three or four most popular pre-war "crooners" in Poland. His performances of the Polish as well as international hits, called in Poland with the German word, the "schlagers" - remained on Odeon, Columbia or Syrena-Electro records as masterpieces of the singing art - dramatic, strong, and sung with his stunning Jewish cantor-like tenor/baritone entirely free from any sentimental manner of the era. When in September 1939 Nazi troops invaded Poland and WWII broke out, that king of Polish "Tin Pan Alley business" managed to flee to Eastern part of Poland - in the meanwhile taken by Soviet army, who, according to Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact, attacked Poland from the east as the Hitler's loyaliest ally. In those gloomy days Aston followed the way of millions of Polish citizens living there: hundreds of thousands were killed, hundreds of thousands - deported by the Soviets into deep Russia. Yet, he managed to survive again through this Polish Apocalypse and, as soon as the Nazis attacked Russia in June 1942, he joined the Polish army being formed by General Władysław Anders -- according to the quickly made pact Sikorski-Stalin -- from those of Polish officers and soldiers, who survived the Stalinist labor camps or were not massacred in Katyn -- the place of the XXth Century Polish Apocalypse in Russia. In 1943, together with the Anders' army, Aston left Soviet Union and marched to Iran, to Palestine, Tobruk & Italy, together with the Western ...
http://wn.com/Adam_Aston_Czerwone_maki_na_Monte_Cassino,_1944
Adam Aston (Adolf Loewensohn) was one of three or four most popular pre-war "crooners" in Poland. His performances of the Polish as well as international hits, called in Poland with the German word, the "schlagers" - remained on Odeon, Columbia or Syrena-Electro records as masterpieces of the singing art - dramatic, strong, and sung with his stunning Jewish cantor-like tenor/baritone entirely free from any sentimental manner of the era. When in September 1939 Nazi troops invaded Poland and WWII broke out, that king of Polish "Tin Pan Alley business" managed to flee to Eastern part of Poland - in the meanwhile taken by Soviet army, who, according to Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact, attacked Poland from the east as the Hitler's loyaliest ally. In those gloomy days Aston followed the way of millions of Polish citizens living there: hundreds of thousands were killed, hundreds of thousands - deported by the Soviets into deep Russia. Yet, he managed to survive again through this Polish Apocalypse and, as soon as the Nazis attacked Russia in June 1942, he joined the Polish army being formed by General Władysław Anders -- according to the quickly made pact Sikorski-Stalin -- from those of Polish officers and soldiers, who survived the Stalinist labor camps or were not massacred in Katyn -- the place of the XXth Century Polish Apocalypse in Russia. In 1943, together with the Anders' army, Aston left Soviet Union and marched to Iran, to Palestine, Tobruk & Italy, together with the Western ...
- published: 02 Aug 2007
- views: 220887
- author: 240252
Platano - Cassino (Album Version)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:48
- Updated: 09 Dec 2012
Platano by Cassino from the album, Sounds of Salvation
http://wn.com/Platano_Cassino_Album_Version
Platano by Cassino from the album, Sounds of Salvation
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 14217
- author: 182AVAFan182
Monte Cassino: Close Combat in the Monastery´s ruins (Apr 1944)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:37
- Updated: 24 Dec 2012
WW2 Combat footage. German Wartime Newsreel (Die Deutsche Wochenschau Nr.711, Apr 1944).
http://wn.com/Monte_Cassino_Close_Combat_in_the_Monastery´s_ruins_Apr_1944
WW2 Combat footage. German Wartime Newsreel (Die Deutsche Wochenschau Nr.711, Apr 1944).
- published: 10 Dec 2008
- views: 59707
- author: WW2GermanNewsreels
Medal of Honor Underground OST - The Battle Of Monte Cassino
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:16
- Updated: 22 Dec 2012
Medal of Honor Underground OST - The Battle Of Monte Cassino
http://wn.com/Medal_of_Honor_Underground_OST_The_Battle_Of_Monte_Cassino
Medal of Honor Underground OST - The Battle Of Monte Cassino
- published: 06 May 2008
- views: 58640
- author: impossibleisfaby
Monte Cassino 1944 Polish Soldiers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:41
- Updated: 09 Dec 2012
Dedicated for Polish Soldiers from Monte Cassino
http://wn.com/Monte_Cassino_1944_Polish_Soldiers
Dedicated for Polish Soldiers from Monte Cassino
- published: 03 Jul 2007
- views: 41829
- author: KrisLublin
Generał Władysław Anders Funeral - Monte Cassino, 23rd May 1970
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:58
- Updated: 23 Dec 2012
Generał Władysław Anders Funeral - Monte Cassino, 23rd May 1970
http://wn.com/Generał_Władysław_Anders_Funeral_Monte_Cassino,_23rd_May_1970
Generał Władysław Anders Funeral - Monte Cassino, 23rd May 1970
- published: 17 Sep 2009
- views: 13372
- author: x1franpl
AT CASSINO DU LIBAN: Shiraz ft. Adam Clay - شيراز وآدم كلاي - سهرت عيوني
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:54
- Updated: 03 Nov 2012
Written by : Tony Abi Karam Composed by : Jean Saliba Arranged by : Elie Barbar Please Join Shiraz Official Fan Page On Facebook... Thanks All www.facebook.com talbot eyes nancy ajram musique music arab arabe شيراز لياليك اغاني عربية نانسي عجرم agram haifa hayfa 3agram 3ajram wedding lebanon najwa middle east love titanic in arabic haifa israel El Ser 4 Cats Abdallah Rwaished Abdel Halim Hafez Abeer Foda Adam Ahlam Ahmad Adaweya "Apologize" One Republic Music Video Ahmad El Sherif Alaa Zalzali Alain Merheb Ali Al Dik Ali Hussein Aline Khalaf Amal Hijazi Amal Wahbe Amani Swissi Amel Lembary Amer Monib Amr Diab Angham Arwa Asala Assi Ashley Tisdale - He Said She Said El Heleni Ayman El Aatar Ayman Zbib Azar Habib Aziz Abdo Myriam Fares Bahaa Al Kafi Bahaa Soltan Bashar El Shaty Bashar Kaisi Basmat Watan Bassem Moughnieh Bassima Boo De Boo Boushra Brigitte Yaghi Carizma Carole Saker Carole Samaha Cendrella Charbel Khalil Cheb Bilal Cheb Jilany Cheb Kader Cheb Khaled Cheb Mami Cheba Maria Christmas Clauda Chemali Cyrine Abdel Nour Crazy Indian Music Video Filmed in the 90's Preety awsome dance moves OK Go - Here It Goes Again Dalida Dana Dania Danielle Darine Darine Hadchiti Diana Haddad Diana Karazon Dina Hayek DJ Mario Dominique Hourani Ehab Tawfik Elias Karam Elie Massad Elissa Esam Karika Essaf Fadel Shaker Fady Badr Fady Harb Fairuz Fares Karam Fares ilahi Farid Al Atrash Fergie - Big Girls Don't Cry (Personal): Regular Version Fella El Jazairia Gassan Rahbani George El ...
http://wn.com/AT_CASSINO_DU_LIBAN_Shiraz_ft_Adam_Clay_شيراز_وآدم_كلاي_سهرت_عيوني
Written by : Tony Abi Karam Composed by : Jean Saliba Arranged by : Elie Barbar Please Join Shiraz Official Fan Page On Facebook... Thanks All www.facebook.com talbot eyes nancy ajram musique music arab arabe شيراز لياليك اغاني عربية نانسي عجرم agram haifa hayfa 3agram 3ajram wedding lebanon najwa middle east love titanic in arabic haifa israel El Ser 4 Cats Abdallah Rwaished Abdel Halim Hafez Abeer Foda Adam Ahlam Ahmad Adaweya "Apologize" One Republic Music Video Ahmad El Sherif Alaa Zalzali Alain Merheb Ali Al Dik Ali Hussein Aline Khalaf Amal Hijazi Amal Wahbe Amani Swissi Amel Lembary Amer Monib Amr Diab Angham Arwa Asala Assi Ashley Tisdale - He Said She Said El Heleni Ayman El Aatar Ayman Zbib Azar Habib Aziz Abdo Myriam Fares Bahaa Al Kafi Bahaa Soltan Bashar El Shaty Bashar Kaisi Basmat Watan Bassem Moughnieh Bassima Boo De Boo Boushra Brigitte Yaghi Carizma Carole Saker Carole Samaha Cendrella Charbel Khalil Cheb Bilal Cheb Jilany Cheb Kader Cheb Khaled Cheb Mami Cheba Maria Christmas Clauda Chemali Cyrine Abdel Nour Crazy Indian Music Video Filmed in the 90's Preety awsome dance moves OK Go - Here It Goes Again Dalida Dana Dania Danielle Darine Darine Hadchiti Diana Haddad Diana Karazon Dina Hayek DJ Mario Dominique Hourani Ehab Tawfik Elias Karam Elie Massad Elissa Esam Karika Essaf Fadel Shaker Fady Badr Fady Harb Fairuz Fares Karam Fares ilahi Farid Al Atrash Fergie - Big Girls Don't Cry (Personal): Regular Version Fella El Jazairia Gassan Rahbani George El ...
- published: 25 Sep 2011
- views: 43035
- author: shirazlb
Monte Cassino: The Soldiers Story (Part1)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:59
- Updated: 18 Sep 2012
Monte Cassino: The Soldiers' Story tells some of the true stories of that brutal fight, told by men of both sides, who fought each other face to face in one of the most bloody engagements of the war.
http://wn.com/Monte_Cassino_The_Soldiers_Story_Part1
Monte Cassino: The Soldiers' Story tells some of the true stories of that brutal fight, told by men of both sides, who fought each other face to face in one of the most bloody engagements of the war.
- published: 21 Jun 2008
- views: 22309
- author: Grasclonk
The Lost Evidence: Monte Cassino (1/5)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:01
- Updated: 01 Dec 2012
In September 1943, a three hundred thousand strong Allied army invaded Italy; they aimed to undermine Hitler's control of what Winston Churchill called the "underbelly of Europe." Although Mussolini's fascist government surrendered on 8 September 1943, Germanys much feared paratroops, the Fallschirmjager, remained to defend the country. At Monte Cassino, an industrial town sixty miles south of Rome, the forces of General Harold Alexander faced the frantic defenders of Hitler's Reich in a series of bloody and controversial battles. In this groundbreaking documentary, we examine photographs taken by the reconnaissance aircraft that flew high above the carnage capturing the vicissitudes of the battle. British and German aerial photographs taken at the time have been layered over a three dimensional contour map in order to create a CGI model of the battles for Monte Cassino. For the first time, these original high-resolution images allow the viewer to track the battle, step by step, from the air. Using cutting edge technology, unique archive film, re-enactments and extraordinary interviews with the men who were there, this documentary provides a unique and refreshing insight into the complex killing grounds of Monte Cassino.
http://wn.com/The_Lost_Evidence_Monte_Cassino_1_5
In September 1943, a three hundred thousand strong Allied army invaded Italy; they aimed to undermine Hitler's control of what Winston Churchill called the "underbelly of Europe." Although Mussolini's fascist government surrendered on 8 September 1943, Germanys much feared paratroops, the Fallschirmjager, remained to defend the country. At Monte Cassino, an industrial town sixty miles south of Rome, the forces of General Harold Alexander faced the frantic defenders of Hitler's Reich in a series of bloody and controversial battles. In this groundbreaking documentary, we examine photographs taken by the reconnaissance aircraft that flew high above the carnage capturing the vicissitudes of the battle. British and German aerial photographs taken at the time have been layered over a three dimensional contour map in order to create a CGI model of the battles for Monte Cassino. For the first time, these original high-resolution images allow the viewer to track the battle, step by step, from the air. Using cutting edge technology, unique archive film, re-enactments and extraordinary interviews with the men who were there, this documentary provides a unique and refreshing insight into the complex killing grounds of Monte Cassino.
- published: 25 Nov 2009
- views: 13723
- author: prodigywashere
![Medal of Honor: Allied Assault Breakthrough - Monte Cassino Part II (Part 9) [Walkthrough]](http://web.archive.org./web/20121226131753im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/k90iwJTUj3c/default.jpg "Medal of Honor: Allied Assault Breakthrough - Monte Cassino Part II (Part 9) [Walkthrough]")
Medal of Honor: Allied Assault Breakthrough - Monte Cassino Part II (Part 9) [Walkthrough]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:38
- Updated: 16 Nov 2012
This is a redo of the walkthrough I did ages ago. This one, however, has a much higher frame rate meaning I play better. I also recorded this with a full version of Fraps. This includes the game audio (not some music) and it has no mods. Also, this can be viewed at 720p HD. This is mission 3, level 2 called Italy: Monte Cassino Part II. You need to rescue some prisoners kept around town. The last bit of this level is very tricky and may require several attempts.
http://wn.com/Medal_of_Honor_Allied_Assault_Breakthrough_Monte_Cassino_Part_II_Part_9_Walkthrough_
This is a redo of the walkthrough I did ages ago. This one, however, has a much higher frame rate meaning I play better. I also recorded this with a full version of Fraps. This includes the game audio (not some music) and it has no mods. Also, this can be viewed at 720p HD. This is mission 3, level 2 called Italy: Monte Cassino Part II. You need to rescue some prisoners kept around town. The last bit of this level is very tricky and may require several attempts.
- published: 06 Jun 2011
- views: 13621
- author: qebiko
![Red Poppy Flowers on Monte Cassino / Czerwone Maki na Monte Cassino [English subs]](http://web.archive.org./web/20121226131753im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/eAfizXfIXWo/default.jpg "Red Poppy Flowers on Monte Cassino / Czerwone Maki na Monte Cassino [English subs]")
Red Poppy Flowers on Monte Cassino / Czerwone Maki na Monte Cassino [English subs]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:33
- Updated: 08 Dec 2012
Soldiers of Second Polish Corps captured Monte Cassino on 18th May 1944. This song, wrote after the battle is a tribute to all soldiers fallen in the shadow of Monte Cassino. PS Sorry for all my mistakes in english. :P
http://wn.com/Red_Poppy_Flowers_on_Monte_Cassino_Czerwone_Maki_na_Monte_Cassino_English_subs_
Soldiers of Second Polish Corps captured Monte Cassino on 18th May 1944. This song, wrote after the battle is a tribute to all soldiers fallen in the shadow of Monte Cassino. PS Sorry for all my mistakes in english. :P
- published: 12 Apr 2010
- views: 9232
- author: NatejGA
The Gin War - Cassino (Album Version)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:15
- Updated: 19 Dec 2012
The Gin War by Cassino from the album, Sounds of Salvation
http://wn.com/The_Gin_War_Cassino_Album_Version
The Gin War by Cassino from the album, Sounds of Salvation
- published: 26 Jan 2009
- views: 19477
- author: 182AVAFan182
1943 Green Devils in the Hell of Cassino
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:31
- Updated: 14 Dec 2012
www.romanoarchives.tk 1943-44, southern Italy. The Fallschirmjägers, named by the Allies during the operations in Italy "Green Devils", resisting the impossible from the ground and from the air, keep on taking their positions for months on the Gustav Line, in the hellish battle of Cassino. Then the Germans followed the orders and retreated on the Sigfrid Line, leaving the long battle for Cassino virtually without winners and losers... Montage of Allied and German footage, including shots of the bombings of the Monte Cassino Abbey and the town of Cassino. The bad quality of the film is counterbalanced by its rarity. Calling "Fair Use" for thesoundtrack (Demo Only) added in 2008 by ROMANO-ARCHIVES, performed by Giancarlo Erra http Editing by ROMANO-ARCHIVES. "SUBSCRIBING to this Channel is a MUST for researchers and RARE HISTORICAL FOOTAGE fans!!!" V. Romano This is a clip from the ROMANO-ARCHIVES' new website-"Unknown World War 2 in Color"-"WW2 Europe" section. At: www.webalice.it Visit also: romanoarchives.altervista.org Or: digilander.libero.it This clip is available as part of a complete 18 minutes video we edited about the Battle of Cassino. Hi-Res videos from our Collections are available on DVD, CD or directly in your inbox. Clips and movies can also be downloaded from our servers using a PW or uploaded by us to your FTP.
http://wn.com/1943_Green_Devils_in_the_Hell_of_Cassino
www.romanoarchives.tk 1943-44, southern Italy. The Fallschirmjägers, named by the Allies during the operations in Italy "Green Devils", resisting the impossible from the ground and from the air, keep on taking their positions for months on the Gustav Line, in the hellish battle of Cassino. Then the Germans followed the orders and retreated on the Sigfrid Line, leaving the long battle for Cassino virtually without winners and losers... Montage of Allied and German footage, including shots of the bombings of the Monte Cassino Abbey and the town of Cassino. The bad quality of the film is counterbalanced by its rarity. Calling "Fair Use" for thesoundtrack (Demo Only) added in 2008 by ROMANO-ARCHIVES, performed by Giancarlo Erra http Editing by ROMANO-ARCHIVES. "SUBSCRIBING to this Channel is a MUST for researchers and RARE HISTORICAL FOOTAGE fans!!!" V. Romano This is a clip from the ROMANO-ARCHIVES' new website-"Unknown World War 2 in Color"-"WW2 Europe" section. At: www.webalice.it Visit also: romanoarchives.altervista.org Or: digilander.libero.it This clip is available as part of a complete 18 minutes video we edited about the Battle of Cassino. Hi-Res videos from our Collections are available on DVD, CD or directly in your inbox. Clips and movies can also be downloaded from our servers using a PW or uploaded by us to your FTP.
- published: 20 Mar 2008
- views: 58796
- author: UnknownWW2InColor
![Medal of Honor: Allied Assault Breakthrough - Monte Cassino Part I (Part 8) [Walkthrough]](http://web.archive.org./web/20121226131753im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/vZyAsVA2wfg/default.jpg "Medal of Honor: Allied Assault Breakthrough - Monte Cassino Part I (Part 8) [Walkthrough]")
Medal of Honor: Allied Assault Breakthrough - Monte Cassino Part I (Part 8) [Walkthrough]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:08
- Updated: 16 Nov 2012
This is a redo of the walkthrough I did ages ago. This one, however, has a much higher frame rate meaning I play better. I also recorded this with a full version of Fraps. This includes the game audio (not some music) and it has no mods. Also, this can be viewed at 720p HD. This is mission 3, level 1 called Italy: Monte Cassino Part I. When you meet up with a British camp that's being overrun, you get sent to rescue a group of Brits caught under sniper fire.
http://wn.com/Medal_of_Honor_Allied_Assault_Breakthrough_Monte_Cassino_Part_I_Part_8_Walkthrough_
This is a redo of the walkthrough I did ages ago. This one, however, has a much higher frame rate meaning I play better. I also recorded this with a full version of Fraps. This includes the game audio (not some music) and it has no mods. Also, this can be viewed at 720p HD. This is mission 3, level 1 called Italy: Monte Cassino Part I. When you meet up with a British camp that's being overrun, you get sent to rescue a group of Brits caught under sniper fire.
- published: 06 Jun 2011
- views: 12651
- author: qebiko
Polacy na Monte Cassino
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:46
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
68 lat temu, 18 maja 1944, o godzinie 11.45, na ruinach klasztoru na masywie Monte Cassino, zatknięto polską flagę. Po paru minutach nadleciał amerykański myśliwiec Mustang, którego pilot zrzucił bukiet biało-czerwonych róż. W ten symboliczny sposób Alianci oddali hołd poległym Polakom, ich męstwu i ofiarności. Muzyka: Veigar Margeirsson - Mythical Hero Autorem napisów w języku angielskim jest użytkownik: zwardek22, któremu serdecznie dziękujemy za chęć pomocy i pracę włożoną w ich wykonanie. www.militis.pl | PORTAL http | FORUM pl-pl.facebook.com | FACEBOOK
http://wn.com/Polacy_na_Monte_Cassino
68 lat temu, 18 maja 1944, o godzinie 11.45, na ruinach klasztoru na masywie Monte Cassino, zatknięto polską flagę. Po paru minutach nadleciał amerykański myśliwiec Mustang, którego pilot zrzucił bukiet biało-czerwonych róż. W ten symboliczny sposób Alianci oddali hołd poległym Polakom, ich męstwu i ofiarności. Muzyka: Veigar Margeirsson - Mythical Hero Autorem napisów w języku angielskim jest użytkownik: zwardek22, któremu serdecznie dziękujemy za chęć pomocy i pracę włożoną w ich wykonanie. www.militis.pl | PORTAL http | FORUM pl-pl.facebook.com | FACEBOOK
- published: 17 May 2012
- views: 107842
- author: MilitisMovies
The Lost Evidence: Monte Cassino (2/5)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:02
- Updated: 17 Dec 2012
In September 1943, a three hundred thousand strong Allied army invaded Italy; they aimed to undermine Hitler's control of what Winston Churchill called the "underbelly of Europe." Although Mussolini's fascist government surrendered on 8 September 1943, Germanys much feared paratroops, the Fallschirmjager, remained to defend the country. At Monte Cassino, an industrial town sixty miles south of Rome, the forces of General Harold Alexander faced the frantic defenders of Hitler's Reich in a series of bloody and controversial battles. In this groundbreaking documentary, we examine photographs taken by the reconnaissance aircraft that flew high above the carnage capturing the vicissitudes of the battle. British and German aerial photographs taken at the time have been layered over a three dimensional contour map in order to create a CGI model of the battles for Monte Cassino. For the first time, these original high-resolution images allow the viewer to track the battle, step by step, from the air. Using cutting edge technology, unique archive film, re-enactments and extraordinary interviews with the men who were there, this documentary provides a unique and refreshing insight into the complex killing grounds of Monte Cassino.
http://wn.com/The_Lost_Evidence_Monte_Cassino_2_5
In September 1943, a three hundred thousand strong Allied army invaded Italy; they aimed to undermine Hitler's control of what Winston Churchill called the "underbelly of Europe." Although Mussolini's fascist government surrendered on 8 September 1943, Germanys much feared paratroops, the Fallschirmjager, remained to defend the country. At Monte Cassino, an industrial town sixty miles south of Rome, the forces of General Harold Alexander faced the frantic defenders of Hitler's Reich in a series of bloody and controversial battles. In this groundbreaking documentary, we examine photographs taken by the reconnaissance aircraft that flew high above the carnage capturing the vicissitudes of the battle. British and German aerial photographs taken at the time have been layered over a three dimensional contour map in order to create a CGI model of the battles for Monte Cassino. For the first time, these original high-resolution images allow the viewer to track the battle, step by step, from the air. Using cutting edge technology, unique archive film, re-enactments and extraordinary interviews with the men who were there, this documentary provides a unique and refreshing insight into the complex killing grounds of Monte Cassino.
- published: 25 Nov 2009
- views: 9526
- author: prodigywashere
The Lost Evidence: Monte Cassino (3/5)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:02
- Updated: 02 Nov 2012
In September 1943, a three hundred thousand strong Allied army invaded Italy; they aimed to undermine Hitler's control of what Winston Churchill called the "underbelly of Europe." Although Mussolini's fascist government surrendered on 8 September 1943, Germanys much feared paratroops, the Fallschirmjager, remained to defend the country. At Monte Cassino, an industrial town sixty miles south of Rome, the forces of General Harold Alexander faced the frantic defenders of Hitler's Reich in a series of bloody and controversial battles. In this groundbreaking documentary, we examine photographs taken by the reconnaissance aircraft that flew high above the carnage capturing the vicissitudes of the battle. British and German aerial photographs taken at the time have been layered over a three dimensional contour map in order to create a CGI model of the battles for Monte Cassino. For the first time, these original high-resolution images allow the viewer to track the battle, step by step, from the air. Using cutting edge technology, unique archive film, re-enactments and extraordinary interviews with the men who were there, this documentary provides a unique and refreshing insight into the complex killing grounds of Monte Cassino.
http://wn.com/The_Lost_Evidence_Monte_Cassino_3_5
In September 1943, a three hundred thousand strong Allied army invaded Italy; they aimed to undermine Hitler's control of what Winston Churchill called the "underbelly of Europe." Although Mussolini's fascist government surrendered on 8 September 1943, Germanys much feared paratroops, the Fallschirmjager, remained to defend the country. At Monte Cassino, an industrial town sixty miles south of Rome, the forces of General Harold Alexander faced the frantic defenders of Hitler's Reich in a series of bloody and controversial battles. In this groundbreaking documentary, we examine photographs taken by the reconnaissance aircraft that flew high above the carnage capturing the vicissitudes of the battle. British and German aerial photographs taken at the time have been layered over a three dimensional contour map in order to create a CGI model of the battles for Monte Cassino. For the first time, these original high-resolution images allow the viewer to track the battle, step by step, from the air. Using cutting edge technology, unique archive film, re-enactments and extraordinary interviews with the men who were there, this documentary provides a unique and refreshing insight into the complex killing grounds of Monte Cassino.
- published: 25 Nov 2009
- views: 8519
- author: prodigywashere
The Lost Evidence: Monte Cassino (4/5)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:01
- Updated: 30 Oct 2012
In September 1943, a three hundred thousand strong Allied army invaded Italy; they aimed to undermine Hitler's control of what Winston Churchill called the "underbelly of Europe." Although Mussolini's fascist government surrendered on 8 September 1943, Germanys much feared paratroops, the Fallschirmjager, remained to defend the country. At Monte Cassino, an industrial town sixty miles south of Rome, the forces of General Harold Alexander faced the frantic defenders of Hitler's Reich in a series of bloody and controversial battles. In this groundbreaking documentary, we examine photographs taken by the reconnaissance aircraft that flew high above the carnage capturing the vicissitudes of the battle. British and German aerial photographs taken at the time have been layered over a three dimensional contour map in order to create a CGI model of the battles for Monte Cassino. For the first time, these original high-resolution images allow the viewer to track the battle, step by step, from the air. Using cutting edge technology, unique archive film, re-enactments and extraordinary interviews with the men who were there, this documentary provides a unique and refreshing insight into the complex killing grounds of Monte Cassino
http://wn.com/The_Lost_Evidence_Monte_Cassino_4_5
In September 1943, a three hundred thousand strong Allied army invaded Italy; they aimed to undermine Hitler's control of what Winston Churchill called the "underbelly of Europe." Although Mussolini's fascist government surrendered on 8 September 1943, Germanys much feared paratroops, the Fallschirmjager, remained to defend the country. At Monte Cassino, an industrial town sixty miles south of Rome, the forces of General Harold Alexander faced the frantic defenders of Hitler's Reich in a series of bloody and controversial battles. In this groundbreaking documentary, we examine photographs taken by the reconnaissance aircraft that flew high above the carnage capturing the vicissitudes of the battle. British and German aerial photographs taken at the time have been layered over a three dimensional contour map in order to create a CGI model of the battles for Monte Cassino. For the first time, these original high-resolution images allow the viewer to track the battle, step by step, from the air. Using cutting edge technology, unique archive film, re-enactments and extraordinary interviews with the men who were there, this documentary provides a unique and refreshing insight into the complex killing grounds of Monte Cassino
- published: 25 Nov 2009
- views: 8084
- author: prodigywashere
Lego ww2 Battle of Monte Cassino
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:19
- Updated: 24 Dec 2012
Sgt. Winston and his platoon, assisted by the Polish forces, are tasked in storming the monastery of Cassino. However, the German paratroopers (Fallschirmjäger) also have their orders...defend the monastery at all costs. This is my first installment of the Sgt. Winston series and there will be more episodes in the future.
http://wn.com/Lego_ww2_Battle_of_Monte_Cassino
Sgt. Winston and his platoon, assisted by the Polish forces, are tasked in storming the monastery of Cassino. However, the German paratroopers (Fallschirmjäger) also have their orders...defend the monastery at all costs. This is my first installment of the Sgt. Winston series and there will be more episodes in the future.
- published: 26 Sep 2012
- views: 7494
- author: L3GOMan101
photo: Creative Commons / Giorgione
24 Dec 2012
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. A deadly silence immediately followed after a bullet penetrated the calf's skull. Against my wishes, Vic had decided against either amputating its leg or contacting a veterinarian-something he reasoned would have been too expensive. The unfortunate calf had slid down into a ravine where its hind leg, which was mangled and torn, became wrapped in barbed wire ... But it was more than a bellow ... 9....(size: 6.3Kb)
photo: Creative Commons / Axou
24 Dec 2012
Steve Jobs was controversial in life, and now his high-tech mega-yacht is associated with a controversy long after his death. The former Apple CEO's ship was impounded in Amsterdam in the middle of a financial battle over a disputed bill. Phillippe Starck, a French product designer and architect, has alleged that Jobs' heirs owe him 3 million euros for his work on Venus, the 256-foot yacht Jobs commissioned before his death ... ... ....(size: 2.6Kb)
photo: AP / Musadeq Sadeq
24 Dec 2012
KABUL, Afghanistan (AP) — An Afghan policewoman shot and killed an American adviser outside the police headquarters in Kabul on Monday, the latest in a rising tide of insider attacks by Afghans against their foreign allies, senior Afghan officials said. The woman, identified as Afghan police Sgt ... The woman was taken into Afghan custody shortly after the attack ... As many Afghans, the policewoman uses only one name ... Air Force Lt. Col ... Gen ... ....(size: 4.6Kb)
photo: AP / Muhammed Muheisen
24 Dec 2012
Zeenews Bureau. Moscow. A deadly air strike by Syrian government on a bakery in Halfaya of Syria’s Hama on Monday killed more than 60, even as international envoy Lakhdar Barhimi is in the country to negotiate the solutions to the ongoing civil war. "Dozens of people were killed in an air strike on Halfaya," Lebanon's Naharnet said citing the British-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights ... His trip appeared troubled from the start ... ....(size: 2.8Kb)
Tulsa World
19 Dec 2012
Like most people, Monte Cassino School middle school teacher Jennifer Light couldn't stop watching the news reports coming out of Newtown, Conn., on Friday, the day of the one of the worst school shootings in history. But when she heard the stories that were emerging, she pictured Sandy Hook Elementary School's hallways, classrooms and yard perfectly because she had attended that school when she was a child ... "I felt physically sick ... ....(size: 4.4Kb)
Tulsa World
19 Dec 2012
Ree Drummond, better known as the Pioneer Woman, barked and bellowed and even sang at Monte Cassino School on Tuesday as she presented her new children's book, "Charlie and the Christmas Kitty.". This is her second book that features her family's basset hound Charlie as the star. "He's a natural children's book character," Drummond said after reading the book to Monte Cassino's elementary school students in the performing arts center ... ....(size: 4.1Kb)
Tulsa World
15 Dec 2012
From secured double doors to "intruder-on-campus" drills, Tulsa-area public and private schools do everything possible to keep students safe. But even those measures may not be enough to stop the kind of violence seen Friday at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn ... "Things like this, it's horrifying ... I don't get that at all." ... "All we feel is sorrow," said Matt Vereecke, Monte Cassino School director ... Original Print Headline ... ....(size: 6.0Kb)
Tulsa World
12 Dec 2012
Shopping in the children's shoe department at J.C. Penney in Woodland Hills Mall on Tuesday, sixth-grader Hannah Darden squealed when she found the perfect pair of shoes. "They're pink and sparkly," said Hannah, who wasn't shopping for herself but for a 7-year-old girl she selected from The Salvation Army's Angel Tree. Hannah was one of 70 Monte Cassino School sixth-graders who spent Tuesday shopping for children from the Angel Tree ... ....(size: 5.6Kb)
The Guardian
07 Dec 2012
He lost a leg in battle and ran the BFI and Royal Opera House. But Denis Forman, 95, is proudest of his work in TV, above all The Jewel in the Crown – and Coronation Street, of course ... Photograph. Charlie Forman ... Even in bed, with a tube up his nose and his artificial leg on the floor beside him (he lost his left leg in the Battle of Monte Cassino in 1944), Forman, who is 95, manages to be intimidating ... I loved it ... I was nervous....(size: 13.5Kb)
Skiddle
05 Dec 2012
Pacha London, London Mon 31st December 2012. This NYE we blast off with a stellar DJ line up and a clubbing experience that will become a legend... 'The Vegas Hotel'. Date. Monday 31st December 2012 (New Year's Eve). Venue. Pacha London ». Location. London ». Doors. 9.00pm til 6.00am (last entry 3.00am). Short url. http.//www.skiddle.com/events/11759678/. Buy tickets for this event. ... Including secret after party£55.00 ... Cassino ... 18....(size: 2.9Kb)
NZ Herald
29 Nov 2012
The 28th (Maori) Battalion, with battle honours spanning multiple theatres in World War II, is to formally disband this weekend. Surviving members from each of its four companies reflect on their experiences fighting, sometimes literally, alongside their Maori brothers. A Coy ... He remembers walking past Canadians at Monte Cassino and telling them they could take a rest from the line, not realising they were dead and hadn't been buried ... ....(size: 8.7Kb)
Seattle Post
28 Nov 2012
Developers of the popular online reading program suggest games, crafts and reading time when weather forces schools to close. Los Altos Hills, Calif. (PRWEB) November 28, 2012. Snowy weather sometimes leads to a day or more of canceled school and work ... “Snow days don’t need to be spent in front of the TV ... Click here to see how StudyDog helps young children learn to read ... The Science of Winter’s Wonder” by Mark Cassino ... About StudyDog....(size: 3.9Kb)
Sky Sports
27 Nov 2012
. Media Hype can score a first Listed success in the Betdaq Casino Games Wild Flower Stakes at Kempton on Wednesday ... An initial win at Pontefract in April saw him start his climb through the ratings, with another victory at York in May advancing his case ... KEMPTON ... LINGFIELD ... LIMERICK ... 1.10 Speightowns Kid, 1.40 Catalinas Diamond, 2.10 Mariella, 2.45 Monte Cassino, 3.20 Alaskan Bullet, 3.50 Corton Lad, 4.20 Desert Creek, 4.50 Dewala. DOUBLE....(size: 3.4Kb)
Sporting Life
27 Nov 2012
KEMPTON. 4.00 Tartan Blue, 4.30 Fairyinthewind, 5.00 Bramshill Lass, 5.30 Freddy With A Y, 6.00 MEDIA HYPE (NAP), 6.30 Rockalong, 7.00 Outpost, 7.30 Pull The Pin. LINGFIELD ... LIMERICK. 12.50 Sarabad, 1.20 Tempo Du Camp, 1.50 Vic Chic, 2.20 Tell Me Lucy, 2.55 Ballyfinboy, 3.25 Suntiep ... 1.10 Speightowns Kid, 1.40 Catalinas Diamond, 2.10 Mariella, 2.45 Monte Cassino, 3.20 Alaskan Bullet, 3.50 Corton Lad, 4.20 Desert Creek, 4.50 Dewala. DOUBLE....(size: 3.2Kb)
Tulsa World
24 Nov 2012
Sister Maria Paula Muraki was born and raised in Japan. She will spend the rest of her life in a Benedictine community in Tulsa ... Joseph Monastery, 2200 S. Lewis Ave. Her commitment includes vows of poverty, chastity and obedience ... Members of the community also run Monte Cassino School. Sister Maria will continue to work at Monte Cassino's early childhood learning center, which is its pre-kindergarten and kindergarten program ... ....(size: 5.2Kb)
Wall Street Journal
23 Nov 2012
By Daniel Ford. When World War II ended in 1945, Poland became the "country on roller skates," shoved 125 miles to the west by Joseph Stalin ... Halik Kochanski's parents were among the dispossessed ... By Halik Kochanski. Harvard, 734 pages, $35 ... Ms ... The following year they will exchange their Russian uniforms and rifles for British equivalents and go on to storm the heights of Monte Cassino in Italy, making possible the Allied advance to Rome....(size: 6.1Kb)
Herald Tribune
16 Nov 2012
Our armies, which were advancing from the invasions of Salerno and passing Mount Vesuvius, Sorrento and Naples, were on their way toward the Rapido River and Monte Cassino ... I have another, related story about my childhood friend, Luther Hawkins Abbott, who spent 84 days with the 36th Infantry Division on the front lines of Monte Cassino....(size: 10.9Kb)
| Cassino | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| — Comune — | |||
| Città di Cassino | |||
 |
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 Cassino
|
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| Coordinates: 41°30′N 13°50′E / 41.5°N 13.833°E / 41.5; 13.833 | |||
| Country | Italy | ||
| Region | Lazio | ||
| Province | Frosinone (FR) | ||
| Frazioni | Caira, Montecassino, San Cesareo, San Michele, San Pasquale, Sant'Angelo in Theodice, Sant'Antonino, San Bartolomeo | ||
| Government | |||
| • Mayor | Giuseppe Golini Petrarcone | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 82.77 km2 (31.96 sq mi) | ||
| Elevation | 40 m (130 ft) | ||
| Population (1 January 2011) | |||
| • Total | 33,153 | ||
| • Density | 400/km2 (1,000/sq mi) | ||
| Demonym | Cassinati | ||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| Postal code | 03043 | ||
| Dialing code | 0776 | ||
| Patron saint | St. Benedict | ||
| Website | Official website | ||
- For other meanings, see Cassino (disambiguation)
Cassino is a comune in the province of Frosinone, Italy, at the southern end of the region of Lazio.
Cassino is located at the foot of Monte Cairo near the confluence of the Gari and Liri rivers. The city is best known as the site of the Abbey of Montecassino and the Battle of Monte Cassino during World War II, which resulted in tremendous Allied and German casualties as well as the near total destruction of the town itself. Today, Cassino is also home to the University of Cassino and a FIAT automotive plant.
Contents |
History[link]
Cassino's origins lie in the Volscan settlement of Casinum, at the base of the nearby Monte Cairo. Casinum passed under the control of the Samnites, but the Romans eventually gained control of Casinum, establishing a colony there in 312 BC. At least once during Punic Wars, Hannibal passed near Casinum. Casinum was also the site of a villa belonging to Marcus Terentius Varro.
The modern town which arose on the site of the ancient town of Casinum was called San Germano, but on 28 July 1863 the name was officially reverted to "Cassino".
The terrain is characterized by rolling green hills, vineyards, and rivers [1]. Because of its valley location, it is often foggy in the winter, with chilly rainfall. Summers are generally quite warm and humid.
The site of fierce fighting during the Battles of Monte Cassino during World War II, the old town was almost completely destroyed and was rebuilt south-east of its prior location in a relatively short space of time. Because of this, and despite the recent construction of a large number of new roads and roundabouts, the town has a somewhat disorderly road network. The city is developing commercially as well, following the construction of many shopping centres in the environs, which, however, also increase traffic congestion, particularly on the roads leading into the city.
Main sights[link]
- Abbey of Monte Cassino
- Natural park of the Varronian Baths, located in the area Varro's villa
- Rocca Janula, a castle overlooking the city, which was one of Abbey's historical strongholds
- Cassino War Cemetery
- Roman remains of a theatre, an amphitheatre and the Mausoleum of Ummidia Quadratilla
Twin cities[link]
Berlin, Germany, since 1969
Zamość, Poland, since 1969
Falaise, France, since 1974- Tychy, Poland, since 1977
Užice, Serbia since 1981
North York, Canada, since 1987
Karlovy Vary, Czech Republic, since 1991
Ortona, Italy, since 1991
Casino, Australia, since 1997- Cavarzere, Italy, since 1998
Senglea, Malta, since 2003- Leno, Italy, since 2005
Olinda, Brazil, since 2006
Sports[link]
Cassino's football team plays in the Italian Serie C2.
People[link]
- Antonio Labriola (1843–1904), philosopher
- Gino Matrundola (born 1940), former Canadian politician
- Vittorio Miele (1926–1999), painter
- Michael Valente (1895–1976), World War I Medal of Honor recipient
- Arturo Gatti (1972–2009), Canadian professional boxer
- Edoardo Grossi (born 1959), environmentalist
See also[link]
External links[link]
- Historiale Museum of Cassino (Italian) (English) (German) (French) (Polish)
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Cassino |
http://wn.com/Cassino
Related pages:
http://it.wn.com/Cassino
http://es.wn.com/Cassino
http://ru.wn.com/Кассино
http://nl.wn.com/Cassino
http://pt.wn.com/Cassino (Lácio)
http://pl.wn.com/Cassino
http://fr.wn.com/Cassino
http://de.wn.com/Cassino (Latium)
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassino
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
Adam Aston (Adam Wiński, born Adolf Loewinsohn, aka Adam Stanisław Lewinson, recorded also under names J. Kierski, Adam Winski and Ben-Levi[1], born 1902 in Warsaw, Poland, died 1993 in London. Polish Jewish singer, actor and pianist, worked often with Henryk Wars.
He debuted at the revi-teater (music hall, cabaret) Morskie Oko in Warsaw. He made his first record in 1927; in 1930 he began to work with Henryk Wars at the Morskie Oko cabaret and adopted his stage name of Adam Aston.[2][3]
He recorded for Syrena-Electro, Odeon, Parlophon, Columbia, and Lonora, singing as many as 900 sides between 1930-39.[1] He also appeared in a few musical film comedies including Dwie Joasie and Manewry miłosne in 1935; he sang the Polish version of Dancing Cheek to Cheek (Polish title W siódmym niebie (In Seventh Heaven)).
After the outbreak of the war he was evacuated to the East and performed in Lvov. Later he joined the 2nd corps of General Ander's Army. He spent the rest of his life in Italy, South Africa and the United Kingdom.
References[link]
- ^ a b http://www.oriente.de/parole/detailsR55.html Orient recording company notes by historian pl:Jerzego Płaczkiewicza
- ^ http://yiddishmusic.jewniverse.info/astonadam/index.html Biographies of noted Jewish musicians
- ^ Biblioteka Polskiej Piosenki
External links[link]
http://wn.com/Adam_Aston
Related pages:
http://ru.wn.com/Астон, Адам
http://pl.wn.com/Adam Aston
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Aston
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Władysław Anders | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born | (1892-08-11)11 August 1892 Krośniewice-Błonie, Kingdom of Poland, Russian Empire |
| Died | 12 May 1970(1970-05-12) (aged 77) London, England |
| Years of service | 1913-1946 |
| Rank | Lt. General (Polish – Generał Broni) |
| Battles/wars | World War I, PBW, PDW, World War II, Monte Cassino |
| Awards |        _4r_BAR.PNG){kind=small}   Cross of Monte Cassino (Poland)   Legion of Merit (II Class) |
Lieutenant-General Władysław Anders CB (11 August 1892 – 12 May 1970) was a General in the Polish Army and later in life a politician with the Polish government-in-exile in London.
Contents |
Biography[link]
Anders was born on 11 August 1892 to his Baltic-German father Albert Anders and his mother Elizabeth, born Tauchert,[1] in the Polish village of Krośniewice–Błonie, near Kutno which at that time was part of the Russian Empire (Partitions of Poland). He was baptized as a member of the Protestant Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland; but while being kept in Soviet prisons he made a promise that if he survived and regained strength in his legs (he was seriously injured) he would convert to Roman Catholicism. He did survive, and did indeed convert.[1]
While an undergraduate at Riga Technical University Anders became a member of the Polish student fraternity Arkonia. As a young officer, he served Tsar Nicholas II in the 1st Krechowiecki Lancer's Regiment during World War I, later joining the Polish Army and again serving in cavalry as a commanding officer in 15th Poznań Uhlans Regiment.
Anders was in command of a cavalry brigade at the time of the outbreak of World War II. The Polish army at that time had not yet had a chance to fully modernise, having been resurrected only 20 years earlier, in 1918–19, following Polish independence from German, Austrian and Russian rule. Polish forces, mechanized and personnel, were no match for the larger German credit/debit-funded Wehrmacht with their massive Blitzkrieg tactics, and the Polish forces were forced to retreat to the east. During the fighting and retreat he was wounded a number of times. Anders was later taken prisoner by Soviet forces and was jailed, initially in Lvov (then Lwów) and later in Lubyanka prison in Moscow. During his imprisonment Anders was tortured.[2]
Shortly after the attack on the Soviet Union by Germany on 22 June 1941, Anders was released by the Soviets with the aim of forming a Polish Army to fight alongside the Red Army. Continued friction with the Soviets over political issues as well as shortages of weapons, food and clothing, led to the eventual exodus of Anders' men – known as the Anders Army – together with a sizeable contingent of Polish civilians via the Persian Corridor into Iran, Iraq and Palestine. Here, Anders formed and led the 2nd Polish Corps, fighting alongside the Western Allies, while agitating for the release of Polish nationals still in the Soviet Union.
Anders was the commander of the 2nd Polish Corps in Italy 1943–1946, capturing Monte Cassino in the Battle of Monte Cassino.
After the war the Soviet-installed communist government in Poland in 1946 deprived him of Polish citizenship and of his military rank. Anders had, however, always been unwilling to return to a Soviet-dominated Poland where he probably would have been jailed and possibly executed, and remained in exile in Britain. He was prominent in the Polish Government in Exile in London and inspector-general of the Polish forces-in-exile.
After the war Anders wrote a book covering his thoughts and experiences. An Army in Exile was published originally by MacMillan & Co., London, in 1949. The book has been recently re-issued under the same title.
In 1948 he married the actress Irena Anders.
He died in London on 12 May 1970, where his body lay in state at the church of Andrzej Bobola, where many of his former soldiers and families came to pay their last respects. He was buried, in accordance with his wishes, amongst his fallen soldiers from the 2nd Polish Corps at the Polish War Cemetery at Monte Cassino in Italy.
After the collapse of Communist Poland in 1989, his citizenship and military rank were posthumously reinstated.
Medals[link]
Poland[link]
- Wound Decoration, 8 times
- Order of the White Eagle (posthumously, November 11, 1995 by Lech Walesa
- Virtuti Militari Commander's Cross, Officer's Cross, Golden Cross IV Class and Silver Cross V Class
- Polonia Restituta Commander's Cross and Officer's Cross
- Cross of Valour (Krzyż Walecznych) 4 times (3 times for the Polish-Soviet War and once for the Polish Defensive War of 1939)
- Cross of Independence
- Golden Cross of Merit with Swords, 4 times
- Medal Wojska Military Medal four times
- Commemorative Medal for War of 1919-1921
- Medal 10-lecia Odzyskania Niepodległości
- Medal 3 Maja
- Medal za Długoletnią Służbę (Long Service Medal)
- Krzyż Armii Krajowej (Cross of the Home Army)
- Krzyż Monte Cassino (Monte Cassino Commemorative Cross)
Foreign[link]
Czechoslovakia
France
- Légion d'honneur, Commandeur
- Croix de guerre with Palm[disambiguation needed
] - Medaille Interallie
Italy
- Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (Ordine dei Santi Maurizio e Lazzaro) 1st Class
- Croce di Guerra al Valore Militare
Knights of Malta
Persia
- Order of Homayoun 1st Class
Russia (Imperial Russia)
- Order of St. George
- Order of St. Vladimir with Swords, IV class (1915)
- Order of St. Anna with Swords 2nd, 3rd (1918) and 4th class
- Order of Saint Stanislas with Swords 2nd, 3rd and 4th classes (1918)
United Kingdom
- Order of the Bath, Companion
- Italy Star
- Defence Medal
United States of America
- Legion of Merit, Commander
- Order of Lafayette
Yugoslavia (Royal)
- Commander of the Order of St. Sava
Notes[link]
- ^ a b Władysław Anders on Technical University Rzeszów (Polish)
- ^ Sarner, Harvey (2006). Generał Anders i żołnierze II Korpusu Polskiego. Poznań: Zysk i S-ka. pp. 37. ISBN 83-7506-003-8.
-
Wladyslaw Anders2.jpg
See also[link]
| Military offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by none |
Commanding General of the Polish II Corps 1943–1945 |
Succeeded by Zygmunt Bohusz-Szyszko |
| Preceded by Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski |
General Inspector of the Armed Forces 1946–1954 |
Succeeded by Michał Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by none |
Member of the Council of Three Alongside: Tomasz Arciszewski, Edward Raczyński, Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski, Roman Odzierzyński, Stanisław Mglej, Alfred Urbański 1954–1970 |
Succeeded by Stanisław Kopański |
|
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Anders, Wladyslaw |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | 11 August 1892 |
| Place of birth | Krośniewice-Błonie, Congress Poland, Russian Empire |
| Date of death | 12 May 1970 |
| Place of death | London, England |
http://wn.com/Władysław_Anders
Related pages:
http://ru.wn.com/Андерс, Владислав
http://pt.wn.com/Władysław Anders
http://de.wn.com/Władysław Anders
http://fr.wn.com/Władysław Anders
http://it.wn.com/Władysław Anders
http://pl.wn.com/Władysław Anders
http://cs.wn.com/Władysław Anders
http://nl.wn.com/Władysław Anders
http://es.wn.com/Władysław Anders
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Władysław_Anders
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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Wiki Summary
Cassino is a comune in the province of Frosinone, Italy, at the southern end of the region of Lazio.
Cassino is located at the foot of Monte Cairo near the confluence of the Gari and Liri rivers. The city is best known as the site of the Abbey of Montecassino and the Battle of Monte Cassino during World War II, which resulted in tremendous Allied and German casualties as well as the near total destruction of the town itself. Today, Cassino is also home to the University of Cassino and a FIAT automotive plant.
Cassino's origins lie in the Volscan settlement of Casinum, at the base of the nearby Monte Cairo. Casinum passed under the control of the Samnites, but the Romans eventually gained control of Casinum, establishing a colony there in 312 BC. At least once during Punic Wars, Hannibal passed near Casinum. Casinum was also the site of a villa belonging to Marcus Terentius Varro.
The modern town which arose on the site of the ancient town of Casinum was called San Germano, but on 28 July 1863 the name was officially reverted to "Cassino".
