Link to featured video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ctwX1cz_-dw&t;=323s Link to Wefwafwa’s channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCzsLklGgOttU3Se-WGLp7ow (he needs more subscribers) Link to support Wefwafwa’s work in Africa patreon:https://www.patreon.com/awmedicalvideos Drugs Shown to Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 Disease: Comparative Basic and Clinical Pharmacology of Molnupiravir and Ivermectin https://austinpublishinggroup.com/pharmacology-therapeutics/fulltext/ajpt-v9-id1149.pdf https://www.linkedin.com/in/leslie-adesuyi-ajayi-md-phd-fbpharmacols-fwacp-69154a38/ There are still many nations where vaccines are not yet widely available, There is a gradual shift in focus, to antiviral drugs, Adjunctive chemoprophylaxis Active treatment of new SARS-CoV-2 infections Post -vaccination breakthrough COVID-19 cases The two ways to get new drugs Develop novel antiviral drugs for SARS-CoV-2 Repurpose existing FDA -approved drugs to treat COVID-19 Ivermectin is the most studied “repurposed” medication globally, in randomized clinical trials, retrospective studies and meta- analyses. Molnupiravir and Ivermectin Anti-SARS- CoV-2 Mechanisms, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Molnupiravir is a broad spectrum antiviral agent against SARS- CoV-2, SARS-CoV, seasonal or pandemic influenza and MERS corona virus Ivermectin is an FDA-approved, WHO essential drug used as broad spectrum antiparasitic, antibiotic and which has demonstrated broad spectrum antiviral activity against RNA viruses, including HIV, Zika, MERS corona virus The FDA-approved drug ivermectin inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166354220302011 5000-fold inhibition of SARS-CoV-2, (99.98% at 48 hours The inhibitory concentration IC50 of Molnupiravir shows it to be a more potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent, compared to Ivermectin in vitro. Both molnupiravir and ivermectin are well absorbed after oral dosing Tmax of molnupiravir being 1-1.75 hours, With a half life of 7 hours Tmax of ivermectin is 4-6 hours Very long half life of 81-91 hours Ivermectin, being lipophilic has a large volume of distribution Ivermectin has the ability to accumulate in the lungs The anti-SARS-CoV-2 actions, both of molnupiravir and ivermectin, are dose and concentration dependent Molnupiravir active metabolite (NHC-5’ Triphosphate), acts as a competitive alternative substrate for viral RNA causing viral mutagenesis or mutations, which leads to viral error catastrophe and extinction of replication There is some concern about the safety of NHC -nucleoside triphosphate, which is also mutagenic to mammalian cells Ivermectin, multifarious actions, Binding to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S Reducing cell entry via human ACE2 receptors Reducing viral transcription Inhibition of cytokine production and inflammation (not yet been shown for molnupiravir) Complimentary pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drugs May be additive or synergistic This should be further investigated in anti-SARS- CoV-2 antiviral combination therapy. A combination of molnupiravir with Ivermectin putatively, in effects on RdRP or cytokine release. Cost https://www.who.int/selection_medicines/committees/expert/21/reviews/Ivermectin_Review1.pdf The cost for a package of 100 tablets of 3 mg ivermectin is $2.96. Say, 12mg per day for 5 days = $0.53 Safety http://www.vigiaccess.org https://www.who-umc.org/vigibase/vigibase/ Efficacy Ivermectin https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34145166/ For deaths, average risk ratio 0.38, (62% benefit) (moderate-certainty evidence https://ivmmeta.com Early treatment Late treatment Prophylaxis https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD015017.pub2/epdf/full Main results, Treating people in hospital with COVID-19 We don't know whether ivermectin compared with placebo or usual care, 28 days after treatment:– leads to more or fewer deaths worsens or improves patients' condition assessed by need for ventilation or oxygen increases or reduces unwanted events Preventing COVID-19 We don't know whether ivermectin leads to more or fewer deaths compared with no drug

• published: 05 Oct 2021
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