Bravo is an American cable television channel owned by NBCUniversal launched by Cablevision as an advertisement-free premium channel in December 1980.^[1][2] According to Nielsen Ratings Data, Bravo is currently available in 88 million homes.^[1]

In the early 2000s it switched from covering performing arts, drama, and indie film to being focused on pop culture like reality shows, fashion shows, makeovers, celebrities, and so forth. Bravo's programming schedule includes feature films, primarily from the Universal catalog. Bravo also airs reruns of series from parent network NBC, and produces original reality content, most popularly The Real Housewives of..., Inside the Actors Studio, and others. Bravo's corporate offices are at NBC's Rockefeller Center in New York. Andy Cohen is the Senior Vice President of Production and Programming.

Background[link]

Bravo launched as a commercial-free premium channel on December 1, 1980 owned by Cablevision's Rainbow Media; the channel claims to be "the first television service dedicated to film and the performing arts".^[3] Cablevision launched Bravo as a premium channel available two days a week and sharing channel space with the softcore porn channel Escapade.^[4] In 1981, Bravo had 48,000 subscribers in the U.S.; four years later there were around 350,000.^[5] A 1985 profile of Bravo in The New York Times observed that most programming consisted of international, classic, and independent film. On Bravo, celebrities such as E. G. Marshall and Roberta Peters provided opening and closing commentary to the films.^[5] Performing arts on Bravo included the show Jazz Counterpoint.^[5] During the mid-1980s, Bravo converted from a premium channel to a basic cable channel.^[6] By the mid-1990s, Bravo began adding sponsorships as PBS did and included commercial breaks by 1998.^[4] Bravo signed an underwriting deal with Texaco in 1992 and within a month broadcast the first Texaco Showcase production, a stage adaptation of Romeo and Juliet.^[7]

In the Encyclopedia of Television, Megan Mullen perceived certain Bravo programs as "considered too risky or eclectic for mainstream channels". Those programs were Karaoke and Cold Lazarus, the final serials by British playwright Dennis Potter shown by Bravo in June 1997, and Michael Moore's documentary series The Awful Truth from 1999.^[7]

Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer owned a 20% stake in the channel from 1999 to 2001. NBC bought the network in 2002 for $1.25B; it had owned a stake in it and its siblings for several years up to that point.^[8] Parent company General Electric merged NBC with Vivendi Universal Entertainment in May 2004 to form NBC Universal.

Bravo's "makeover" came in 2003 with reality series Queer Eye for the Straight Guy, which hit 3.5 million viewers.^[2] Entertainment Weekly put "Bravo reality shows" on its end-of-the-decade, "best-of" list, saying, "From Queer Eye for the Straight Guy's Fab Five to Project Runway's fierce fashionistas to the kvetching, perma-tanned Real Housewives, Bravo's quirky reality programming mixes high culture and low scruples to create deliciously addictive television."^[9]

A study released in May 2008 ranked Bravo as the most recognizable brand among gay consumers.^[10] Bravo's age demographic is people 18-54, according to the Cable Television Advertising Bureau's cable television profiles.^[1]

Programming[link]

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

Bravo utilizes block programming for both new shows and existing ones. Bravo has also had success with programming franchises. These include: Project Runway; Showbiz Moms & Dads and Showdog Moms & Dads; and Party/Party.^{[citation needed]}

NBC Olympics[link]

In 2004 and 2006, Bravo carried coverage of the Olympic Games during the overnights and mornings produced by NBC Sports. In 2008, the channel carried no coverage, as NBCUniversal had acquired Oxygen, allowing Bravo to continue to carry their general programming schedule during NBC coverage of the Games. In 2012, NBC Sports announced that Bravo would serve as the home of Olympic tennis with 56 hours of coverage.^[11]

Bravo HD[link]

Bravo HD (known on-air as HD by Bravo in line with the network's imaging campaign) is a 1080i high definition simulcast of Bravo. It launched on October 3, 2007, and DirecTV was the first provider to add it.^[12] It is also available on Dish Network, Verizon FiOS, AT&T Uverse, Cablevision, and some Comcast, Cox Communications, Time Warner Cable and Bright House Networks^[13] systems.

This is the second version of Bravo HD; the current Universal HD launched as Bravo HD+ in August 2003. Bravo HD+ had a completely different schedule than the regular Bravo and aired only HD programs. The current Bravo HD airs programs in both high definition and standard definition.

[edit] Relationship with international Bravo channels

Australia[link]

An Australian channel called Arena re-branded its presentation in 2008 to align with Bravo as a result of an agreement with Bravo Media. Arena uses the Bravo slogan "Watch What Happens" and has access to Bravo-produced programming.^[14]

Canada[link]

A Canadian version of Bravo was launched in 1995 by CHUM Limited. The channel originally aired much of the same genres of programming aired by its American counterpart. However, since Bravo USA's shift towards reality programming, Bravo Canada airing more dramas, and its adoption of a new logo in 2012 with little semblance to Bravo USA's current branding, there is now essentially no connection between the two channels. The channel still airs the few arts-related series aired by Bravo USA (such as Inside the Actors Studio and Work of Art), but due to CRTC regulations which require the channel to still air programming related to arts, Bravo Canada does not air the vast majority of the U.S. channel's reality series — most of them have been picked up by other Canadian specialty channels.

United Kingdom[link]

In the United Kingdom, a TV channel called Bravo launched in 1985 independently of the U.S. service. The British channel, which closed on January 1, 2011, focused on men's programming for most of its existence, and never carried an arts or pop-culture format, nor much, if any, of the U.S. channel's programming.

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website
• Full Episodes
• Bravo Renews Four Series

v t e NBCUniversal LLC A joint venture of Comcast (51%) and General Electric (49%) Company Officials Board of Directors Stephen B. Burke (CEO) · Brian Roberts · Michael Angelakis · Jeffrey Immelt · Keith Sherin Senior Corporate Executives Stephen B. Burke (CEO) · Matt Bond · Lynn Calpeter (CFO) · Steve Capus · Richard Cotton · Dick Ebersol · Patricia Fili-Krushel · Robert Greenblatt · Bonnie Hammer · Ted Harbert · Mark Hoffman · Paula Madison · Ron Meyer · Adam Miller · Jeff Shell · Page Thompson · Lauren Zalaznick Universal Studios Focus Features · Geneon Universal (80.1%)[nu 1] · Illumination Entertainment • United International Pictures[nu 2] · Universal Animation Studios · Universal Pictures · PlayBack · Universal Studios Home Entertainment · Working Title Films Universal Parks & Resorts Universal Studios Dubailand · Universal Studios Hollywood · Universal Orlando Resort (Universal Studios Florida · Islands of Adventure · Universal CityWalk) · Universal Studios Japan · Universal Studios Singapore · Universal Studios South Korea Broadcast TV assets NBC · NBC News · NBC Sports · Telemundo NBCUniversal Cable A+E Networks (15%) · Bravo · Chiller · Cloo · CNBC · E! · G4 (88%) · MSNBC · Mun2 · Oxygen · PBS Kids Sprout (part owner)  · ShopNBC (30%) · Style Network  · Syfy · Telemundo Puerto Rico · Universal HD · USA Network · The Weather Channel[nu 3] · Weatherscan[nu 3] NBC Sports Group Golf Channel · NBC Sports Network · Universal Sports (part owner)[nu 4] · Alli Comcast SportsNet Bay Area (45%)  · California  · Chicago (20%)  · Houston  · Mid-Atlantic  · New England  · Northwest  · Philadelphia  · SNY (8%)  · The Mtn. (50%) · CSS (50%) · Comcast Sports Southwest  · New England Cable News  · Comcast Network CNBC CNBC global channels CNBC · CNBC Africa · CNBC Asia · CNBC Europe · CNBC Latin America · CNBC World CNBC Europe branches Class CNBC (20%) · CNBC Africa · CNBC Arabiya (according to CNBC Europe) · CNBC-e · CNBC Nordic · TVN CNBC CNBC Asia branches CNBC-TV18 · CNBC Australia · CNBC Awaaz · CNBC Hong Kong · CNBC Pakistan · CNBC Singapore · Nikkei CNBC · SBS-CNBC Universal Networks International 13th Street Universal · Diva Universal · KidsCo[nu 5] · Movies 24 · Steel[nu 6] · Studio Universal · Syfy · Universal Channel Syfy global channels Asia · Australia · Benelux · France · Germany · Japan · Latin America · Poland · Portugal · Romania · Russia · Serbia · Slovenia · Spain · UK · US NBCUniversal Television Group NBC Studios · NBCUniversal Television Distribution · Telemundo of Puerto Rico Studios · Telemundo Television Studios · Universal Television NBC O&Os California Nonstop · KNBC · KNSD[nu 7] · KNTV · KXAS[nu 7] (DFW Nonstop) · WCAU (NBC Philadelphia Nonstop)  · WMAQ (Chicago Nonstop) · WNBC (New York Nonstop) · WRC (Washington Nonstop) · WTVJ · WVIT Telemundo O&Os KBLR · KDEN · KEJT-LP · KHRR · KNSO[nu 8] · KSTS · KTAZ · KTMD · KVDA[nu 8] · KVEA · KXTX · WKAQ · WNEU[nu 8] · WNJU · WSCV · WSNS ShopNBC O&Os WWDP Internet ventures: Hulu[nu 9] · iVillage · msnbc.com[nu 10] · Television Without Pity · DailyCandy · Fandango Other assets: EMKA, Ltd. · qubo[nu 11] · WSI Corporation[nu 3]  · International Media Distribution Defunct properties: NBC Weather Plus (2004–2008) · Trio (1997–2005) · Diva TV (2007−2012) · Hallmark Channel International (1997−2011) · Discovery Kids (1996-2010) · Discovery Kids on NBC (2002-2006) · DreamWorks Records (1996-2005) · Go Fish Pictures (2000-2007) See also: Vivendi (former NBCUniversal stockholder and current parent company of Universal Music Group) · Comcast (telecommunications company that holds 51%) · General Electric (conglomerate that holds 49%) · MCA Inc. (legal predecessors of NBCUniversal) ^ Co-owned with Dentsu. ^ 50%, with Viacom's Paramount Pictures. ^ a b c Co-owned with Blackstone Group and Bain Capital. ^ minority share, InterMedia Partners is the majority owner. ^ Co-owned with Corus Entertainment and Cookie Jar Group. ^ Co-owned with Mediaset. ^ a b The stations are co-owned with LIN TV in a joint venture (76% owned by NBC, 24% owned by LIN). ^ a b c The stations are owned by NBCUniversal, but are controlled by ZGS Broadcast Holdings. ^ Co-owned with News Corporation and The Walt Disney Company. ^ Co-owned with Microsoft in a joint venture (50% owned by NBC, 50% owned by Microsoft). ^ Co-owned with Corus Entertainment, Classic Media, Nelvana, Scholastic Books and ION Media Networks.

Look up bravo or bravos in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Bravo may refer to:

• Rio Grande, a river that flows through Mexico and the United States, also known as "Río Bravo"

In media:

• Bravo (Canada), a specialty arts channel in Canada
• Bravo (magazine), a youth magazine in Germany and Russia
  • Bravo Otto, awards presented by the magazine
• Bravo (Belgian magazine), a Belgian comics magazine
• Bravo TV (TV series), a German television programme
• Bravo (UK TV channel), a British digital television channel that ceased broadcasting on 1 January 2011
• Bravo (US TV channel), an American cable television network

In music:

• Bravo (band), a Russian pop-rock band
  • Bravo (Bravo album)
• Bravo (5566 album)
• Bravo (Spanish group) a Spanish musical group at the Eurovision Song Contest 1984
• Bravo!, an album by rock band Friska Viljor
• Bravo Band, a Macedonian music group

In aviation:

• FFA AS-202 Bravo training aircraft
• Mooney Bravo, an aircraft produced by the Mooney Aircraft Company
• Cessna Citation Bravo, a business jet
• Bravo Airlines, an airline based in Madrid, Spain

In other usage:

• The letter "B" in the NATO phonetic alphabet
• Bravo (software), the first WYSIWYG word processor, developed at Xerox PARC
• Bravo, Cuba, a community in the municipality of Santiago de Cuba
• BRAVO Volunteer Ambulance, a free volunteer ambulance service in New York City
• Fiat Bravo/Brava, a compact car
• Bravo Awards, former name of the ALMA Awards
• Bravo Telecom, a Saudi wireless operator
• Bravo class submarine, a design of military submarines built in the then-Soviet Union
• Bravo or chlorothalonil, a fungicide
• Bravo (armed retainer) (plural Bravi), one of the armed retinue of, typically, a petty Italian lord during the 16th and 17th centuries
• Bravo (supermarket), a chain of grocery stores in the northeast US
• Bravo, Bravo, Bravo, a vessel emergency code
• Bravo Award, annually presented by the Italian magazine Guerin Sportivo to the most outstanding young European footballer
• Bravo or Castle Bravo was the code name given to the first U.S. test of a dry fuel thermonuclear hydrogen bomb

People with the surname[link]

• Alfredo Bravo (1925-2003), Argentine activist and politician
• Ángel Bravo (born 1942), Venezuelan baseball player
• Arturo Bravo (born 1958), Mexican racewalker
• Charles Bravo (1845-1876), British lawyer and poisoning victim
• Claudio Bravo (born 1983), Chilean footballer
• Daniel Bravo (born 1963), French international footballer
• Danny Bravo (born 1948), Indian-American child actor
• Darren Bravo (born 1989), West Indian cricketer
• Dino Bravo (1949–1993), professional wrestler
• Dwayne Bravo (born 1983), West Indian cricketer
• Fabiana Bravo (born 1969), Argentine soprano
• Guillermina Bravo (born 1923), Mexican ballet dancer, choreographer and ballet director
• Leopoldo Bravo (1919-2006), Argentine politician
• Marcelo Bravo (born 1985), Argentine footballer
• Mario Bravo (1882-1944), Argentine politician and writer
• Martín Bravo (born 1986), Argentine footballer
• Nicolás Bravo (born 1786), Mexican politician
• Nino Bravo (1944-1973), Spanish singer
• Omar Bravo (born 1980), Mexican footballer
• Raúl Bravo (born 1981), Spanish footballer
• Rose Marie Bravo (born 1951), American businesswoman

See also[link]

• Castle Bravo, code name of the first U.S. test of a "dry" thermonuclear device
• Operation Bravo, a military operation during the Vietnam War
• Johnny Bravo, Cartoon Network TV series
• Girls Bravo, Japanese Anime series

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Us is a 1991 television movie broadcast on CBS, produced, written and directed by Michael Landon. Landon also starred in the film, along with Barney Martin and Casey Peterson. It was a pilot for what would have been Landon's fourth consecutive television series; Landon's death that year precluded its going ahead. Landon played Jeff Hayes, a man just released from prison after serving many years due to being wrongfully convicted of killing a wealthy man's wife.

External links[link]

• Us at the Internet Movie Database
• Review at Entertainment Weekly

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This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. It does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve it by adding citations to reliable sources. Tagged since May 2009. It may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. Tagged since November 2010. It is written like a personal reflection or essay rather than an encyclopedic description of the subject. Tagged since November 2010.

A television channel is a physical or virtual channel over which a television station or television network is distributed. For example, in North America, "channel 2" refers to the broadcast or cable band of 54 to 60 MHz, with carrier frequencies of 55.25 MHz for NTSC analog video (VSB) and 59.75 MHz for analog audio (FM), or 55.31 MHz for digital ATSC (8VSB). Channels may be shared by many different television stations or cable-distributed channels depending on the location and service provider.

Depending on the multinational bandplan for a given region, analog television channels are typically 6, 7, or 8 MHz in bandwidth, and therefore television channel frequencies vary as well. Channel numbering is also different. Digital television channels are the same for legacy reasons, however through multiplexing, each physical radio frequency (RF) channel can carry several digital subchannels. On satellites, each transponder normally carries one channel, however small, independent channels can be used on each transponder, with some loss of bandwidth due to the need for guard bands between unrelated transmissions. ISDB, used in Japan and Brazil, has a similar segmented mode.

Channel separation on over-the-air channels is accomplished by skipping at least one channel between two analog stations' frequency allocations. (There can be gaps between channels, where numbers are sequential, but frequencies are not contiguous, such as the skip from VHF low to high, and the jump to UHF.) On cable TV, it is possible to use adjacent channels only because they are all at the same power, something which could only be done over the air if the two stations were transmitted at the same power and height from the same location. For digital TV, selectivity is inherently better, therefore channels adjacent (either to analog or digital stations) can be used even in the same area.

Other meanings[link]

Commonly, the term "television channel" is used to refer to either a terrestrial television station or its cable/satellite counterpart (both outlined below). Sometimes, especially outside the U.S. and in the context of cable/satellite television, it is used instead of the term television network, which otherwise (in its technical use above) describes a group of geographically-distributed television stations that share affiliation/ownership and some or all of their programming with one another.

This terminology may be muddled somewhat in other jurisdictions, for instance Europe, where terrestrial channels are commonly mapped from physical channels to common numerical positions (i.e. BBC One does not broadcast on any particular "channel 1" but is nonetheless mapped to the "1" input on most British television sets). On digital platforms, such (location) channels are usually arbitrary and changeable, due to virtual channels.

Television station[link]

A television station is a type of broadcast station that broadcasts both audio and video to television receivers in a particular area. Traditionally, TV stations made their broadcasts by sending specially-encoded radio signals over the air, called terrestrial television. Individual television stations are usually granted licenses by a government agency to use a particular section of the radio spectrum (a channel) through which they send their signals. Some stations use LPTV broadcast translators to retransmit to further areas.

Many television stations are now in the process of converting from analogue (NTSC, PAL or SECAM) broadcast, to digital TV (ATSC broadcast, DVB or ISDB).

Non-broadcast television channels[link]

Because some regions have had difficulty picking up over-the-air signals (particularly in mountainous areas), alternative means of distribution such as direct-to-home satellite and cable television have been introduced. Television channels specifically built to run on cable or satellite blur the line between TV station and TV network. That fact led some early cable channels to call themselves superstations.

Satellite and cable have created changes. Local programming TV stations in an area can sign-up or even be required to be carried on cable, but content providers like TLC cannot. They are not licensed to run broadcast equipment like a station, and they do not regularly provide content to licensed broadcasters either. Furthermore, a distributor like TNT may begin producing its own programming, and shows presented exclusively on cable/satellite by one distributor may be syndicated to broadcast stations. The cost of creating a nationwide channel has been reduced and there has been a huge increase in the number of such channels, with most catering to a small group. See also: significantly viewed.

From the definitions above, use of the terms "network" or "station" in reference to nationwide cable/satellite channels is technically inaccurate. However, this is an arbitrary, inconsequential distinction, and varies from company to company. Indeed, the term "cable network" has entered into common usage in the United States in reference to such channels. There is even some geographical separation among "national" cable/satellite channels in the U.S., be it programming (e.g., the Fox Sports Net group of regional sports channels, which share several programs), or simply regionalized advertising inserted by the local cable company.

Should a legal distinction be necessary between a (location) channel as defined above and a television channel in this sense, the terms "programming service" (e.g. [1]) or "programming undertaking" (for instance, [2]) may be used instead for the latter definition.

A person viewing by cable or satellite might not know what kind of organization is responsible for a given program, especially if it is syndicated, so what seems to be a station or a network may be neither.

See also[link]

Look up television channel in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Barker channel
• Lists of television channels
• Television channel frequencies

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Look up Channel, channel, or channels in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Channel, Channels, and similar terms may refer to:

• Channels (band), a rock band fronted by ex-Jawbox singer/guitarist J. Robbins
• Channels (film), a 2008 film
• Channel, synonym for pre-chorus in popular song structure
• Ion channel, a protein that allows ion flow through a cell membrane
• Mediumship (also known as channelling), communication with spirits
• Meridian (Chinese medicine) (or channel), a concept central to traditional Chinese medical techniques such as acupuncture, and to martial arts such as tai chi and qigong
• Legal channeling, the act of legally making one entity responsible for an event, and thereby dismissing other parties from liability for an event

Places[link]

• Channel (geography), in physical geography, the physical confine of a river, slough or ocean strait consisting of a bed and banks
• Stream channel, a hydrologic scientific term for physical confine of a stream (river) consisting of stream bed and stream banks