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Les Trente Glorieuses ("The Glorious Thirty") refers to the thirty years from 1945-1975 following the end of the Second World War in France. The name was first used by the French demographer Jean Fourastié. Fourastié coined the term in 1979 with the publication of his book Les Trente Glorieuses, ou la révolution invisible de 1946 à 1975 ("The Glorious Thirty, or the Invisible Revolution from 1946-1975"). The term is derived from Les Trois Glorieuses ("Three Glorious Days"), the three days of revolution on 27–29 July 1830 in France.

Over this thirty-year period, France's population and dirigiste economy grew rapidly. These decades of economic prosperity combined high productivity with high average wages and high consumption, and were also characterised by a highly developed system of social benefits.^[1] The French standard of living, which had been damaged by both World Wars, became one of the world's highest. The population also became far more urbanized; many rural départements experienced a population decline while the larger metropolitan areas grew considerably, especially that of Paris. Ownership of various household goods and amenities increased considerably,^[2][3] while the wages of the French working class rose significantly as the economy became more prosperous. As noted by the historians Jean Blondel and Donald Geoffrey Charlton in 1974,

"If it is still the case that France lags in the number of its telephones, working-class housing has improved beyond recognition and the various 'gadgets' of the consumer society – from television to motor cars – and now purchased by the working class on an even more avid basis than in other Western European countries".^[4]

Since the 1973 oil crisis, France's economy, while still faring well under François Mitterrand and Jacques Chirac, slowed down its explosive growth. Thus, the mid-1970s mark the end of the period.

See also[link]

• Economic history of France
• Post-World War II economic expansion

References[link]

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Fernand Raynaud (on the right), 1969

André Gustave Fernand Raynaud, best known as Fernand Raynaud (May 19, 1926 – September 28, 1973), was a French stand-up comic star, an actor and a singer. Born in Clermont-Ferrand, he died from a car crash at Le Cheix (Cheix-sur-Morge), near Riom, France.

Biography[link]

Fernand Raynaud was one of the most renown standup comedian among french comic actors of the 50's and 60's. He began his career playing and singing in cabarets and music-hall, then he gained popularity through performances broadcasted on the television. He's renown for playing typical average frenchmen characters, especially the silly ones, making funny faces and using mime and slapstick humor.

Early life[link]

Career[link]

Sketch comedy[link]

• Allô Tonton, pourquoi tu tousses ?
• Aux deux folles
• Avec deux croissants...
• J'm'amuse
• C'est étudié pour
• Heureux !
• J'ai souffert dans ma jeunesse
• La 2 CV de ma sœur
• La bougie
• La chatte à ma sœur
• Le douanier
• La pipe à pépé
• La prévention routière
• La tasse de lait
• Le 22 à Asnières
• Le bègue
• Le bluff
• Le fromage de Hollande
• Le défilé militaire
• Le match de boxe
• Le paysan (Ç'a eut payé, Crésus)
• Le peintre et son modèle
• Le plombier
• Le réfrigérateur
• Le tailleur
• Le timbre à 0.25 F
• Les œufs cassés
• L'inspecteur des platanes
• Ma sœur s'est mariée
• Moi, mon truc c'est le vélo
• Ne me parle pas de Grenoble
• Restons Français
• Un certain temps
• Un mariage en grandes pompes
• Vive le camping
• Vlan, passe-moi l'éponge
• Zanzi Bar

Filmography[link]

Cinema

• 1955: La Bande à papa, directed by Guy Lefranc: Fernand Jérôme
• 1955: 33 tours et puis s'en vont, directed by Henri Champetier
• 1956: Fernand Cow-boy, directed by Guy Lefranc: Fernand Mignot
• 1956: La vie est belle, directed by Roger Pierre and Jean-Marc Thibault
• 1957: C'est arrivé à 36 chandelles, directed by Henri Diamant-Berger and Fernand Rivers
• 1957: Fernand clochard, directed by Pierre Chevalier: Fernand
• 1958: Arènes joyeuses, directed by Maurice de Canonge: Fernand Cyprien de Chalamond
• 1958: Le Sicilien, directed by Pierre Chevalier: Fernand
• 1959: Houla-houla, directed by Robert Darène: Fernand Martin
• 1959: Minute papillon, directed by Jean Lefèvre: Oscar
• 1959: La Marraine de Charley, directed by Pierre Chevalier: Charley Rivoire/Gabrielle de la Motte
• 1960: Le Mouton, directed by Pierre Chevalier: Fernand Castel
• 1961: Auguste directed by Pierre Chevalier: Auguste Roussel
• 1962: C'est pas moi, c'est l'autre, directed by Jean Boyer: Fernand Raynaud/Gaspard
• 1962: Nous irons à Deauville, directed by Francis Rigaud
• 1968: Salut Berthe !, directed by Guy Lefranc: Adrien Chautard
• 1969: L'Auvergnat et l'autobus, directed by Guy Lefranc: Julien Brulebois

Television

• 1961: La Belle Américaine, directed by Robert Dhéry
• 1967: Auguste, play directed by Raymond Castans, TV broadcasting.

Theatre[link]

• 1958: Auguste, play directed by Raymond Castans, production by Jean Wall, Théâtre des Nouveautés
• 1962: Le Bourgeois gentilhomme by Molière, production by Jean-Pierre Darras, Théâtre Hébertot

Songs[link]

Fernand Raynaud sung the following songs, most of them written by Raymond Mamoudy and played by Marcel Rossi (piano player):

• Et v'lan passe moi l'éponge
• Avec l'ami bidasse
• Lena
• Telle qu'elle est

External links[link]

• Fernand Raynaud at the Internet Movie Database
• (French) Fernand Raynaud 'Le douanier' (video) (1972)

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