Treviño
—  Municipality  —
Location of Condado de Treviño in Spain. Treviño is the capital of Condado de Treviño.
Treviño Location in Spain
Coordinates: 42°44′5″N 2°44′50″W / 42.73472°N 2.74722°W / 42.73472; -2.74722Coordinates: 42°44′5″N 2°44′50″W / 42.73472°N 2.74722°W / 42.73472; -2.74722
Country	Spain
Autonomous community	Castile and León
Province	Burgos
Comarca	Enclave of Treviño
Municipality	Condado de Treviño
Government
• Alcalde	Roberto Bajos Argote (pedáneo)
Population (2008)
• Total	202
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code
Official language(s)	Spanish

Treviño is the capital of the municipality Condado de Treviño, province of Burgos, in the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. The Condado de Treviño and the geographically smaller La Puebla de Arganzón make up the enclave of Treviño. Although the enclave is part of Burgos (and, hence, part of the autonomous community of Castile and León) it is surrounded by the province of Álava, part of the autonomous community of the Basque Country. Hence, properly speaking, the enclave of Treviño is an enclave within Álava, and an exclave of Burgos.

The province of Burgos with the Treviño exclave.

History[link]

An abundance of prehistoric remains testify that the Condado de Treviño has been inhabited since ancient times. In pre-Roman times, the Varduls, Caristios and Autrigones all lived here at one time or another, attesting to the region's strategic importance.

At the beginning of the 11th century, Alavese comarcas of the "Río Ivita" began to be established, in the basin of what is now known is the River Ayuda, a tributary of the Zadorra, between the Montes de Vitoria to the north and the Sierra de Toloño and other ranges of the Sierra de Cantabria to the south.

Foundation of the city of Treviño[link]

The earliest surviving written record of the comarca Rigo de Ivita is in a document from 1025, the Reja de San Millán from the Cartulary of San Millán de la Cogolla.^[1] The notation "XXXV regas" (regas from regar, to irrigate) next to the name suggests that it was a place of major importance, with more irrigated fields than any other location on the list. Treviño itself was founded by Navarrese king Sancho VI ("Sancho El Sabio", "Sancho the Wise") no later than 1161; some authors say as early as 1151. The date is indeterminate because the text of the fuero is not preserved, but it would clearly have been founded in the same period as the nearby Puebla de Arganzón and Vitoria-Gasteiz. The royal foundation indicates that at that time the region was controlled by the kings of Navarre, not of Castile.

Rule by Castile[link]

After the comarca was conquered in 1199–1200 by Alfonso VIII of Castile, it retained the name of Ivita, Ibidam, or Uda and continued to be identified as a specific part of the land of Álava, as is clearly indicated in De rebus Hispaniae by archbishop Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada. Gradually, the predominance of the town that develops based on fueros granted by Alfonso X of Castile in 1254 supplants the old comarcal name; the area comes to be referred to as de Treviño rather than de Uda, although for about a century the town is known as Treviño de Uda.

Following its incorporation into Castile, a good portion of Álava was organized into behetrías, at least nominally choosing their own local leader. However, Treviño and Vitoria were not included in this plan, remained directly under the control of the monarch as part of the royal seigneury.^[2] In 1332, at the Campo de Arriaga the Cofradía ("brotherhood") formally recognized the royal seigneury over Treviño and its surrounding territories.

View of Treviño

On 8 April 1366, Henry II of Castile ceded to Pedro Manrique I de Lara, for services rendered, a seigneury consisting of Treviño de Uda and its outlying villages. In 1453 it became the Condado de Treviño as Gómez Manrique, the great-grandson of Pedro Manrique was given the title of Count. The Catholic Monarchs would later (in 1483) grant the title of Duke of Nájera to Gómez Manrique's son Pedro Manrique de Lara, a title that continues in the family down to the present day. In the 16th century these Counts of Treviño, Dukes de Nájera, would build a palace at Treviño, which is now the ayuntamiento (town hall) of the municipality.

Thus Treviño found itself generally left to its own devices as the seat of a noble family, sitting in the middle of Álava, surrounded by communities operating under the more egalitarian fueros typical of the Basque Country.

Annual festivals and events[link]

• The Fiesta of San Juan Bautista, the patron saint of Treviño proper, is celebrated June 24. When that falls on a weekday, some of the festivities take place on the nearest weekend.
• Feria de las Moscas ("Fly Fair") The first Sunday in July, unless that falls on 1 July, in which case the fair takes place 8 July.
• The pilgrimage of San Formerio, the patron saint of Condado de Treviño, place on the Sunday closest to 25 September. The Hermitage of San Formerio is in Pangua, Condado de Treviño.

Notes[link]

This article incorporates information from the revision as of 2010-01-04 of the equivalent article on the Spanish Wikipedia.

External links[link]

• (Spanish) Condado de Treviño, official site.

This article about a location in the province of Burgos, Spain is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

Humberto Benítez Treviño, born on July 5 of 1945, was a Mexican politician. He was Attorney General of México from 1994 to 1996.^[1]

References[link]

This article about a Mexican politician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

Candice Accola
Candice Accola at the San Diego Comic-Con International in July 2011.
Born	Candice Accola (1987-05-13) May 13, 1987 (age 25) Houston, Texas, U.S.A.
Occupation	Actress, singer, songwriter
Years active	2007–present
Website
www.twitter.com/candiceaccola

Candice Accola (born May 13, 1987) is an American actress and singer, best known for her role as Caroline Forbes on The Vampire Diaries.

Early Life[link]

Accola was born in Houston, Texas but she grew up in Edgewood and attended Lake Highland Preparatory School.^[1] Her father, Kevin, is a cardiothoracic surgeon^[2] and her mother, Carolyn, was formerly an environmental engineer before becoming a homemaker. Both her parents are active members of the local Republican political party.^[3][4] She has one younger brother.^[1][5]

Personal life[link]

She is, together with her The Vampire Diaries co-stars Michael Trevino and Ian Somerhalder, one of many supporters of the It Gets Better Project, a project that has made it a goal to prevent suicide among LGBT youth,^[6] associated with The Trevor Project.^[7]

Music career[link]

As an accomplished singer and songwriter since the age of 14, Candice Accola achieved success in her music career after being signed to a record deal at the age of 16. Candice Accola's music has garnered international success, and she continues to record and write her own music. Her debut album came out in December 2006 and got great success in Japan.

Filmography[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Candice Accola

• Candice Accola at the Internet Movie Database