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• 
  

• 
  Ankara
  Ankara (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈan.ka.ɾa]; historically known as Angora) is the capital of Turkey and the country's second largest city after Istanbul. The city has a mean elevation of 938 metres (3,077 ft), and as of 2010 the metropolitan area in the entire Ankara Province had a population of 4.4 million.
  Centrally located in Anatolia, Ankara is an important commercial and industrial city. It is the center of the Turkish Government, and houses all foreign embassies. It is an important crossroads of trade, strategically located at the centre of Turkey's highway and railway networks, and serves as the marketing centre for the surrounding agricultural area. The city was famous for its long-haired Angora goat and its prized wool (mohair), a unique breed of cat (Angora cat), Angora rabbits and their prized wool (Angora wool), pears, honey, and the region's muscat grapes.
  The historical center of Ankara is situated upon a rocky hill, which rises 150 m (492 ft) above the plain on the left bank of the Ankara Çayı, a tributary of the Sakarya (Sangarius) river. The city is located at 39°52'30" North, 32°52' East (39°52′30″N 32°50′00″E / 39.875°N 32.8333°E / 39.875; 32.8333Coordinates: 39°52′30″N 32°50′00″E / 39.875°N 32.8333°E / 39.875; 32.8333), about 450 km (280 mi) to the southeast of Istanbul, the country's largest city. Although situated in one of the driest places of Turkey and surrounded mostly by steppe vegetation except for the forested areas on the southern periphery, Ankara can be considered a green city in terms of green areas per inhabitant, which is 72 m² per head.
  
  wn.com/Ankara
• 
  Bonar Bridge
  Coordinates: 57°53′30″N 4°20′14″W / 57.8918°N 4.3371°W / 57.8918; -4.3371
  Bonar Bridge (Scottish Gaelic: Drochaid a' Bhanna, pronounced [d̪̊ɾɔxɪd̊ʲ ə van̴̪ə]) is a village on the north bank of the Kyle of Sutherland, in the Parish of Creich in the Highland council area of Scotland.
  The Kyle of Sutherland ("the Kyle" for locals) is a river estuary of the Rivers Oykel, Cassley, Shin and Carron that all enter the Kyle above the bridge at Bonar.
  The estuary (downstream) and the rivers (upstream) separate Sutherland from Ross and Cromarty to the south, and the estuary opens into the Dornoch Firth to the east.
  Evidence of pre-historic inhabitance abounds in the area with many ancient hut circles and cairns.
  One excavation was performed in 2004 by the Time Team UK Television program. It excavated a small henge and a crannog (artificial-island home) in Loch Migdale.
  In May 1900, a priceless collection of early Bronze Age jewellery known as the Migdale Hoard was discovered by workmen blasting a granite knoll behind Bonar Bridge, near what is known as "Tulloch Hill".
  
  wn.com/Bonar_Bridge
• 
  Cairo
  Cairo ( /ˈkaɪroʊ/ KYE-roh; Arabic: القاهرة‎ al-Qāhira, literally "The Vanquisher" or "The Conqueror"), is the capital of Egypt and the largest city in the Arab world and Africa, and the 16th largest metropolitan area in the world. Located near the Nile Delta, it was founded in the year 969 A.D. making it 1,043 years old. Nicknamed "The City of a Thousand Minarets" for its preponderance of Islamic architecture, Cairo has long been a centre of the region's political and cultural life. Cairo was founded by the Fatimid dynasty in the 10th century AD.; but the land composing the present-day city was the site of national capitals whose remnants remain visible in parts of Old Cairo. Cairo is also associated with Ancient Egypt due to its proximity to the ancient cities of Memphis, Giza and Fustat which are nearby to the Great Sphinx and the pyramids of Giza.
  Egyptians today often refer to Cairo as Maṣr (Arabic: مصر‎), the Arabic pronunciation of the name for Egypt itself, emphasizing the city's continued role in Egyptian influence. Cairo has the oldest and largest film and music industries in the Arab World, as well as the world's second-oldest institution of higher learning, al-Azhar University. Many international media, businesses, and organizations have regional headquarters in the city, and the Arab League has had its headquarters in Cairo for most of its existence.
  
  wn.com/Cairo
• 
  Glastonbury Festival
  The Glastonbury Festival of Contemporary Performing Arts, commonly abbreviated to Glastonbury or even Glasto, is a performing arts festival that takes place near Pilton, Somerset, England, best known for its contemporary music, but also for dance, comedy, theatre, circus, cabaret and other arts.
  The festival organiser Michael Eavis, a farmer in a Somerset valley stated that he decided to host the first festival, then called Pilton Festival, after seeing an open air Led Zeppelin concert at the Bath Festival of Blues and Progressive Music 1970. Fourteen people, including John Hoare, invested everything they had to build the stage.
  The first festivals in the 1970s were influenced by hippie ethics and the free festival movement. The festival retains vestiges of this tradition such as the Green Fields area which includes the Green Futures and Healing Field. After the 1970s the festival took place almost every year and grew in size, with the number of attendees sometimes being swollen by gate-crashers.
  
  wn.com/Glastonbury_Festival
• 
  Granada
  Granada (Spanish pronunciation: [ɡɾaˈnaða]) is a city and the capital of the province of Granada, in the autonomous community of Andalucia, Spain. Granada is located at the foot of the Sierra Nevada mountains, at the confluence of three rivers, the Beiro, the Darro and the Genil. It sits at an elevation of 738 metres above sea level, yet is only one hour from the Mediterranean coast, the Costa Tropical. Nearby is the Sierra Nevada Ski Station, where the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1996 were held.
  In the 2005 national census, the population of the city of Granada proper was 236,982, and the population of the entire urban area was estimated to be 472,638, ranking as the 13th-largest urban area of Spain. About 3.3% of the population did not hold Spanish citizenship, the largest number of these people (31%) coming from South America. Its nearest airport is Federico García Lorca Airport Granada-Jaén Airport.
  The Alhambra, a Moorish citadel and palace, is in Granada. It is the most renowned building of the Andalusian Islamic historical legacy with its many cultural attractions that make Granada a popular destination among the touristic cities of Spain. The Almohad influence on architecture is preserved in the area of the city called the Albaicín with its fine examples of Moorish and Morisco construction. Granada is also well-known within Spain for the prestigious University of Granada which has about 80,000 students spread over five different campuses in the city. The pomegranate (in Spanish, granada) is the heraldic device of Granada.
  
  wn.com/Granada
• 
  Hamburg
  Hamburg ( /ˈhæmbɜrɡ/; German pronunciation: [ˈhambʊɐ̯k], local pronunciation [ˈhambʊɪç]; Low German/Low Saxon: Hamborg [ˈhaˑmbɔːx]), officially Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, is the second-largest city in Germany, the thirteenth largest German state, and the sixth-largest city in the European Union. The city is home to over 1.8 million people, while the Hamburg Metropolitan Region (including parts of the neighbouring Federal States of Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein) has more than 4.3 million inhabitants. Situated on the river Elbe, the port of Hamburg is the second largest port in Europe (after the Port of Rotterdam) and 11th-largest worldwide.
  Hamburg's official name, Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg (German: Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg), reflects Hamburg's history as a member of the medieval Hanseatic League, as a free imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire, and that Hamburg is a city-state and one of the sixteen States of Germany.
  Hamburg is a major transport hub in Northern Germany and is one of the most affluent cities in Europe.  It has become a media and industrial centre, with plants and facilities belonging to Airbus, Blohm + Voss and Aurubis. The radio and television broadcaster Norddeutscher Rundfunk and publishers such as Gruner + Jahr and Spiegel-Verlag are pillars of the important media industry in Hamburg. In total, there are more than 120,000 enterprises.
  
  wn.com/Hamburg
• 
  London
  London ⁱ/ˈlʌndən/ is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who named it Londinium. London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its square-mile mediaeval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.
  London is a leading global city, with strengths in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism and transport all contributing to its prominence. It is the world's leading financial centre alongside New York City and has the fifth-largest city GDP in the world (and the largest in Europe). London has been described as a world cultural capital. It was the world's most visited city during 2011 and London Heathrow is the world's busiest airport by number of international passengers. London's 43 universities form the largest concentration of higher education in Europe. In 2012 London will become the first city to host the modern Summer Olympic Games three times.
  
  wn.com/London
• 
  Los Angeles
  Los Angeles (ⁱ/lɒs ˈændʒələs/ loss-AN-jə-ləs; Spanish: [los ˈaŋxeles], which is written Los Ángeles; British pronounciation /lɒs ˈændʒəliːz/ loss-AN-jə-leez) with a population at the 2010 United States Census of 3,792,621, is the most populous city in the state of California, and the second most populous in the United States, after New York City. It has an area of 468.67 square miles (1,213.8 km²), and is located in Southern California. Often known by its initials L.A., the city is the focal point of the larger Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana metropolitan statistical area and Greater Los Angeles Area region, which contain 12,828,837 and nearly 18 million people respectively as of 2010, making it one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world and the second largest in the United States. Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated and one of the most ethnically diverse counties in the United States, while the entire Los Angeles area itself has been recognized as the most diverse of the nation's largest cities. The city's inhabitants are referred to as "Angelenos".
  
  wn.com/Los_Angeles
• 
  Lucknow
  Lucknow /ˈlʌknaʊ/ (Hindi: लखनऊ, Urdu: لکھنؤ, Lakhnaū, IPA: [ˈləkʰnəu] ( listen)) is a city in India and capital of the state of Uttar Pradesh. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of Lucknow District and Lucknow Division. Located in what was originally known as the Awadh (Oudh) region, Lucknow has always been known as a multicultural city, and flourished as a cultural and artistic capital of North India in the 18th and 19th centuries. Courtly manners, beautiful gardens, poetry, music, and fine cuisine patronised by the Shia Nawabs of Iranian origin, are well known amongst Indians and students of South Asian culture and history. Lucknow is popularly known as The City of Nawabs. It is also known as the "Golden City of the East," "Shiraz-i-Hind" and "The Constantinople of India."
  The ancient history of Lucknow is mired in mystries and folk sayings. It is popularly believed that Lucknow (लखनऊ) derives its name from Lakshman (लक्ष्मण) (also known as Lakhan (लखन)), younger brother of Lord Rama, greatest hero of Suryawanshi kshatriya clan of India. Ram ordered Lakshman to establish a new town near Ayodhya, the capital of Rama. Lakshman came and built a strong fort. The present Lakshman Teela (लक्ष्मण टीला) in Lucknow is believed to be the site of ancient city of Lakhanpur built by Lakshman.
  
  wn.com/Lucknow
• 
  Newport
  Newport (Welsh: Casnewydd) is a city and unitary authority in south east Wales. It is located on the River Usk close to its confluence with the Severn estuary, about 12 miles (19 km) east of Cardiff. It is the third largest city in Wales, with a population of 141,300 (2007 estimate).
  Newport has been a port since medieval times, when a castle was built by the Normans. The town outgrew the earlier Roman town of Caerleon, immediately upstream, and gained its first charter in 1314. It grew significantly in the 19th century, when its port became the focus of coal exports from the eastern valleys of South Wales. Until the rise of Cardiff from the 1850s, Newport was Wales' largest coal-exporting port. It was the site of the last large-scale armed insurrection in Britain, the Newport Rising of 1839 led by the Chartists.
  During the 20th century, the docks declined in importance, but Newport remained an important manufacturing and engineering centre. It was granted city status in 2002. It is the home of the University of Wales, Newport, and the Newport Gwent Dragons rugby union regional team, and hosted the Ryder Cup in 2010.
  
  wn.com/Newport
• 
  Sardinia
  Sardinia ( /sɑrˈdɪniə/, Italian: Sardegna [sarˈdeɲɲa], Sardinian: Sardigna [sarˈdinja]) is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily and before Cyprus). It is an autonomous region of Italy, and the nearest land masses are (clockwise from north) the French island of Corsica, the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Tunisia and the Spanish Balearic Islands.
  The name Sardinia is from the pre-Roman noun *sard[], romanised as sardus (feminine sarda); that the name had a religious connotation is suggested from its use also as the adjective for the ancient Sardinian mythological hero-god Sardus Pater "Sardinian Father" (misunderstood by many modern Sardinians/Italians as being "Father Sardus"), as well as being the stem of the adjective "sardonic". Sardinia was called Ichnusa (the Latinised form of the Greek Hyknousa), Sandalion, Sardinia and Sardo by the ancient Greeks and the Romans.
  Sardinia is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, with an area of 23,821 km². It is situated between 38° 51' and 41° 15' latitude north and 8° 8' and 9° 50' east longitude. To the west of Sardinia is the Sea of Sardinia, a unit of the Mediterranean Sea; to Sardinia's east is the Tyrrhenian Sea, which is also an element of the Mediterranean Sea.
  
  wn.com/Sardinia
• 
  Scottish Highlands
  The Highlands (Scottish Gaelic: A' Ghàidhealtachd, "the place of the Gaels"; Scots: the Hielands) are an historic region of Scotland. The area is sometimes referred to as the "Scottish Highlands". It was culturally distinguishable from the Lowlands from the later Middle Ages into the modern period, when Lowland Scots replaced Scottish Gaelic throughout most of the Lowlands. The term is also used for the area north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault, although the exact boundaries are not clearly defined, particularly to the east. The Great Glen divides the Grampian Mountains to the southeast from the Northwest Highlands. The Scottish Gaelic name of A' Ghàidhealtachd literally means "the place of the Gaels" and traditionally, from a Gaelic-speaking point of view, includes both the Western Isles and the Highlands.
  The area is very sparsely populated, with many mountain ranges dominating the region, and includes the highest mountain in the British Isles, Ben Nevis. Before the 19th century the Highlands was home to a much larger population, but due to a combination of factors including the outlawing of the traditional Highland way of life following the Jacobite Rising of 1745, the infamous Highland Clearances, and mass migration to urban areas during the Industrial Revolution, the area is now one of the most sparsely populated in Europe. The average population density in the Highlands and Islands is lower than that of Sweden, Norway, Papua New Guinea and Argentina.
  
  wn.com/Scottish_Highlands
• 
  Sheffield
  Sheffield ⁱ/ˈʃɛfiːld/ is a city and metropolitan borough of South Yorkshire, England. Its name derives from the River Sheaf, which runs through the city. Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, and with some of its southern suburbs annexed from Derbyshire, the city has grown from its largely industrial roots to encompass a wider economic base. The population of the City of Sheffield is 555,500 (2010 est.) and it is one of the eight largest regional English cities that make up the English Core Cities Group.
  During the 19th century, Sheffield gained an international reputation for steel production. Many innovations were developed locally, including crucible and stainless steel, fuelling an almost tenfold increase in the population during the Industrial Revolution. Sheffield received its municipal charter in 1843, becoming the City of Sheffield in 1893. International competition in iron and steel caused a decline in traditional local industries during the 1970s and 1980s, coinciding with the collapse of coal mining in the area.
  
  wn.com/Sheffield
• 
  Spain
  Spain (ⁱ/ˈspeɪn/ SPAYN; Spanish: España, pronounced: [esˈpaɲa] ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de España), is a sovereign state and a member of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar; to the north and north east by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.
  Spanish territory also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the African coast, and two autonomous cities in North Africa, Ceuta and Melilla, that border Morocco. Furthermore, the town of Llívia is a Spanish exclave situated inside French territory. With an area of 504,030 square kilometres (194,610 sq mi), it is the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union after France, and the fourth largest country in Europe after Russia, Ukraine and France.
  
  wn.com/Spain
• 
  Stockholm
  Stockholm (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈstɔkːˈhɔlm, ˈstɔkːˈɔlm, ˈstɔkːɔlm]( listen to the second one)) is the capital and the largest city of Sweden and constitutes the most populated urban area in Scandinavia. Stockholm is the most populous city in Sweden, with a population of 864,324 in the municipality (2010), 1.4 million in the urban area (2010), and around 2.1 million in the 6,519 km² (2,517.00 sq mi) metropolitan area (2010). As of 2010, the Stockholm metropolitan area is home to approximately 22% of Sweden's population.
  Founded no later than c. 1250, possibly as early as 1187, Stockholm has long been one of Sweden's cultural, media, political, and economic centres. Its strategic location on 14 islands on the south-central east coast of Sweden at the mouth of Lake Mälaren, by the Stockholm archipelago, has been historically important. Stockholm has been nominated by GaWC as a global city, with a ranking of Alpha-. In The 2008 Global Cities Index, Stockholm ranked 24th in the world, 10th in Europe, and first in Scandinavia. Stockholm is known for its beauty, its buildings and architecture, its abundant clean and open water, and its many parks. It is sometimes referred to as Venice of the North.
  
  wn.com/Stockholm
• 
  Tonara
  Tonara is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 90 km north of Cagliari and about 35 km southwest of Nuoro. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,308 and an area of 52.1 km².
  The municipality of Tonara contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Arasulè, Su Pranu, Toneri, Teliseri, and Ilalà (abandoned).
  Tonara borders the following municipalities: Austis, Belvì, Desulo, Sorgono, Tiana.
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  wn.com/Tonara

• 
  Aki Kaurismäki
  Aki Olavi Kaurismäki (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈɑki ˈkɑurismæki] ( listen); born 4 April 1957, Orimattila, Finland) is a Finnish screenwriter and film director.
  After studying Media Studies at the University of Tampere, Aki Kaurismäki started his career as a co-director in the films of his elder brother Mika Kaurismäki. His debut as an independent director was Crime and Punishment (1983), Dostoyevsky's famous crime story set in modern-day Helsinki. He gained worldwide notice with his movie Leningrad Cowboys Go America.
  His style has been influenced by the French directors Jean-Pierre Melville and Robert Bresson, as he relies on low-key acting and simple cinematic storytelling to get his message(s) across. Critics have also seen an influence from Rainer Werner Fassbinder but Kaurismäki - a keen film buff himself - has said that he somehow never got around to seeing any Fassbinder movies until quite recently. His movies have a unique downplayed humorous side that can also be seen in the films of Jim Jarmusch, who has a cameo in Kaurismäki's film Leningrad Cowboys Go America. Jarmusch also used frequent Kaurismäki actors in his film Night on Earth, a part of which takes place in Helsinki, Finland.
  
  wn.com/Aki_Kaurismäki
• Alex Cox
  Alexander Cox (born Bebington,Merseyside, 15 December 1954) is a British film director, screenwriter, nonfiction author and sometime actor, notable for his idiosyncratic style and approach to scripts^{[citation needed]}. Cox experienced success early in his career with Repo Man and Sid and Nancy, but since the release and commercial failure of Walker, he has focused his career on independent movies.^{[citation needed]}
  Cox has previously cited Luis Buñuel and Akira Kurosawa as influences, as well as the great Western movie directors Sergio Leone, Sam Peckinpah, and John Ford. Cox also wrote a book on the history of the genre called 10,000 Ways to Die. While he once directed films for Universal Pictures, such as Repo Man and Walker, since the late 1980s, he has found himself on a self-described blacklist, and turned to producing independent films. Cox is an atheist and is decidedly left wing in his political views. Many of his films have an explicit anti-capitalist theme or message. He was originally set to direct Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas but was replaced by Terry Gilliam due to creative differences with Hunter S. Thompson. By August 2009, Cox had announced completion of Repo Chick, which premiered at the Venice Film Festival the following month, but he remained ambivalent as to whether the film would ever be distributed to theaters. His previous film, Searchers 2.0, was not released theatrically, and only appears on DVD in Japan and North America after a televised screening in the UK on the BBC.
  
  wn.com/Alex_Cox
• Anthony DeCurtis
  Anthony DeCurtis (born June 25, 1951) is an American author and music critic, who has written for Rolling Stone, The New York Times, Relix and other publications.
  DeCurtis is now a contributing editor at Rolling Stone, where his work has appeared for more than thirty years. He holds a Ph.D. in American literature from Indiana University, and teaches in the creative writing program at the University of Pennsylvania. He is also a music critic for WFUV-FM, where he does on-air reviews. He is also the author of In Other Words: Artists Talk About Life and Work (Hal Leonard Publishing Co, 2005) and Rocking My Life Away: Writing About Music and Other Matters (Duke University Press, 1998), and editor of Present Tense: Rock & Roll and Culture (Duke University Press, 1992) and "Blues & Chaos: The Music Writing of Robert Palmer" (Scribner, 2009). He co-edited the third editions of the Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock & Roll and the Rolling Stone Album Guide.
  DeCurtis's essay accompanying the Eric Clapton box set Crossroads won a Grammy in the "Best Album Notes" category, and on three occasions he has won ASCAP's Deems Taylor awards for excellence in writing about music. He has appeared as a commentator on MTV, VH1, the Today Show and many other news and entertainment programs. From 2006 through June 2008 he directed and helped design the arts-and-culture curriculum at the City University of New York Graduate School of Journalism. He was an editorial consultant and the primary interviewer for "Joan Baez: How Sweet the Sound," a documentary for PBS American Masters. DeCurtis has currently joined the 9th annual Independent Music Awards judging panel to assist independent musicians' careers. He was also a judge for the 7th and 8th Independent Music Awards.
  
  wn.com/Anthony_DeCurtis
• Antony Genn
  Antony Genn (born 1971 in Sheffield, England) is a British musician formerly in Pulp. He also toured with Elastica in 1995-1996, playing keyboards. He is known for co-writing with Joe Strummer and forming The Mescaleros in 1999. Antony co-wrote and produced The Mescaleros first album Rock Art and the X-Ray Style. Antony was also guitarist and M.D of the band until his departure in 2000. He has been with The Hours since 2004.
  
  
  
  wn.com/Antony_Genn
• 
  Ari Up
  Ariane Daniele Forster (17 January 1962 – 20 October 2010), known by her stage name Ari Up, was a German-born vocalist best known as a member of the English punk group, The Slits.
  Ariane Daniele Forster was born in Munich, Germany, the granddaughter of a wealthy German newspaper proprietor. Her mother, Nora, was known in the music industry, as she was a friend of Jimi Hendrix and dated Chris Spedding for three years. Ari noted that Jon Anderson, the singer of the group Yes, was her godfather.
  Nora would later date and marry the Sex Pistols' lead singer, John Lydon. Their home was known to be something of a punk domain, where Nora would take in poor musicians. The constant presence of punk music led to Ari Up experimenting in it herself, learning guitar skills from The Clash's Joe Strummer.
  Ari Up was fourteen years old when she formed The Slits with drummer Palmolive in 1976. Within a short time, guitarist Viv Albertine joined the group and found herself deeply impressed by the young singer. "English was her second language," Albertine noted in an interview. "It was not easy for her and she had to fight to be taken seriously." She succeeded: "Ari was the most dynamic woman I have ever known," said Albertine. "The way she carried herself was a revolution."
  
  wn.com/Ari_Up
• 
  Armenians
  Armenian people or Armenians (Armenian: հայեր, Armenian pronunciation: [hɑˈjɛɾ]) are a nation and ethnic group native to the Armenian Highland.
  The largest concentration is in Armenia, having a nearly homogeneous population with 97.9% or 3,145,354 being ethnic Armenian. Because of wide-ranging and long-lasting diaspora, an estimated total of 3 million people of full or partial Armenian ancestry live outside of Armenia. As a result of the Armenian Genocide, a large number of survivors fled to many countries throughout the world, most notably the Russian Empire, the Near East, the United States, France, Iran, Georgia and other parts of Europe (see Armenian diaspora).
  Christianity began to spread in Armenia soon after Jesus's death, due to the efforts of two of his apostles, St. Thaddeus and St. Bartholomew In the early 4th century, the Kingdom of Armenia became the first nation to adopt Christianity as a state religion. Most Armenians adhere to the Armenian Apostolic Church, a non-Chalcedonian church, which is also the world's oldest national church.
  
  wn.com/Armenians
• 
  Benmont Tench
  Benjamin Montmorency "Benmont" Tench III (born September 7, 1953) is an American keyboardist best known as a founding member of Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers.
  Benmont Tench was born in Gainesville, Florida, the second child of Benjamin Montmorency Tench, Jr. and Mary Catherine McInnis Tench. His father was born and raised in Gainesville, and served as a circuit court judge.
  Benmont Tench played piano from an early age and his first recital was at age six. After discovering the music of The Beatles, he ended his classical piano lessons and focused on rock and roll. He met Tom Petty for the first time at a Gainesville music store when he was 11. Petty and Tench played together as members of the Sundowners in 1964. The Tenches' garage was a frequent practice site for the band on evenings when Benmont's father was out for the evening. Benmont's mother enjoyed having the boys there, but she would check with the neighbors to make certain the music wouldn't disturb them.
  Benmont attended Phillips Exeter Academy, and subsequently Tulane University in New Orleans. While on a college break, Tench went to a concert by Mudcrutch, Petty's band, with an opening act from nearby Jacksonville, Lynyrd Skynyrd. Afterwards, he sat in with the band on several different sessions, then went back to school. Soon after, Petty called Tench and asked him to quit school and join Mudcrutch full-time, which after long deliberation, Benmont agreed to; but before he would leave school, Petty had to convince Circuit Court Judge Benjamin Tench that his son had a promising music career.
  
  wn.com/Benmont_Tench
• Bernard Rhodes
  Bernard Rhodes is the former manager of English punk rock band The Clash. He previously worked with Sex Pistols manager Malcolm McLaren and once claimed to have "invented punk".
  [Rhodes]'s had a load of influence — especially at the start. He put the group together. And he also put us on the right track — mainly about song content.
  Rhodes claims he was responsible for spotting John Lydon (aka Johnny Rotten) in the Kings Road and recommended that he audition as singer for the Sex Pistols in McLaren and Westwood's shop SEX.
  After his offer to co-manage the Sex Pistols was rejected, Rhodes was instrumental in The Clash's formation in 1976. His acceptance from CBS Records of an overly onerous and poorly financed record contract on behalf of the group caused tensions, and he was replaced in 1978 by the journalist and Release founder Caroline Coon. In turn Coon was replaced by management company Blackhill and, in 1981, Rhodes was brought back in and managed The Clash until their break-up in 1986, having been instrumental in manipulating the departure of principal songwriter and musical overseer Mick Jones.
  
  wn.com/Bernard_Rhodes
• 
  Bob Marley
  Robert Nesta "Bob" Marley, OM (6 February 1945 – 11 May 1981) was a Jamaican singer-songwriter and musician. He was the rhythm guitarist and lead singer for the ska, rocksteady and reggae band Bob Marley & The Wailers (1963–1981). Marley remains the most widely known and revered performer of reggae music, and is credited with helping spread both Jamaican music and the Rastafari movement to a worldwide audience.
  Marley's music was heavily influenced by the social issues of his homeland, and he is considered to have given voice to the specific political and cultural nexus of Jamaica. His best-known hits include "I Shot the Sheriff", "No Woman, No Cry", "Could You Be Loved", "Stir It Up", "Get Up Stand Up", "Jamming", "Redemption Song", "One Love" and, "Three Little Birds", as well as the posthumous releases "Buffalo Soldier" and "Iron Lion Zion". The compilation album Legend (1984), released three years after his death, is reggae's best-selling album, going ten times Platinum which is also known as one Diamond in the U.S., and selling 25 million copies worldwide.
  
  wn.com/Bob_Marley
• 
  Bono
  Paul David Hewson (born 10 May 1960), most commonly known by his stage name Bono (/ˈbɒnoʊ/ BON-oh), is an Irish singer, musician, and humanitarian best known for being the main vocalist of the Dublin-based rock band U2. Bono was born and raised in Dublin, Ireland, and attended Mount Temple Comprehensive School where he met his future wife, Alison Stewart, and the future members of U2. Bono writes almost all U2 lyrics, often using political, social, and religious themes. During their early years, Bono's lyrics contributed to U2's rebellious and spiritual tone. As the band matured, his lyrics became inspired more by personal experiences shared with members of U2.
  Outside the band, he has collaborated and recorded with numerous artists, is managing director and a managing partner of Elevation Partners, and has refurbished and owns The Clarence Hotel in Dublin with The Edge. Bono is also widely known for his activism concerning Africa, for which he co-founded DATA, EDUN, the ONE Campaign and Product Red. He has organised and played in several benefit concerts and has met with influential politicians. Bono has been praised and criticised for his activism and involvement with U2. He has been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize, was granted an honorary knighthood by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, and was named as a Person of the Year by Time, among other awards and nominations.
  
  wn.com/Bono
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  Bruce Springsteen
  Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen (born September 23, 1949), nicknamed "The Boss," is an American singer-songwriter-performer who records and tours with the E Street Band. Springsteen is widely known for his brand of heartland rock, poetic lyrics, and Americana sentiments centered on his native New Jersey.
  Springsteen's recordings have included both commercially accessible rock albums and more somber folk-oriented works. His most successful studio albums, Born in the U.S.A. and Born to Run, showcase a talent for finding grandeur in the struggles of daily American life; he has sold more than 65 million albums in the United States and more than 120 million worldwide and he has earned numerous awards for his work, including 21 Grammy Awards, two Golden Globes and an Academy Award. He is widely regarded by many as one of the most influential songwriters of the 20th century, and in 2004, Rolling Stone ranked him as the 23rd Greatest Artist of all time.
  Springsteen was born in Long Branch, New Jersey, and spent his childhood and high school years in Freehold Borough. He lived on South Street in Freehold Borough and attended Freehold Borough High School. His father, Douglas Frederick Springsteen, was of Dutch and Irish ancestry and worked, among other vocations, as a bus driver, although he was frequently unemployed; his surname is Dutch for jump stone. His mother, Adele Ann (née Zerilli), was a legal secretary and was of Italian ancestry. His maternal grandfather was born in Vico Equense, a city near Naples. He has two younger sisters, Virginia and Pamela. Pamela had a brief film career, but left acting to pursue still photography full time; she took photos for the Human Touch and Lucky Town albums.
  
  wn.com/Bruce_Springsteen
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  Caroline Coon
  Caroline Coon (born 1945) is an English artist, journalist and political activist. Her artwork, which often explores sexual themes from a feminist standpoint (she is bisexual), has been exhibited at many major London galleries, including the Saatchi Gallery and the Tate.
  Coon was born to a family of Kent landowners and had five brothers. She left home at 16 and came to London to find a job. She lived in Notting Hill and began by doing some modelling work. Trained as a figurative painter, Coon became involved in the 1960s underground movement in London while still attending art school. In 1967 she founded Release, an agency set up to provide legal advice and arrange legal representation for young people charged with the possession of drugs. She remains politically active, campaigning primarily for feminist causes, including the legalisation of prostitution.
  In the 1970s, Coon became involved in the London punk scene, writing about the bands for Melody Maker and providing artwork for groups such as The Clash (whom she briefly managed) and The Police. In the "Punky Business" (punk rock) episode of the BBC comedy series The Goodies, Jane Asher plays a parody of Coon ("Caroline Kook"), the dream lover of Tim Brooke-Taylor's aspiring punk rock star.
  
  wn.com/Caroline_Coon
• Charles de Lint
  Charles de Lint (born December 22, 1951) is a Canadian fantasy author andfolk musician. He is also the chief book critic for The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction.
  Along with writers like Terri Windling and John Crowley, de Lint popularized the genres of urban fantasy and mythic fiction which fall somewhere between classical fantasy literature, and mainstream fiction with a magical realist twist. His distinctive style of fantasy draws upon local and European folklore. His works have been nominated for the Nebula award once and for the World Fantasy award 17 times, winning in 2000 for his short story collection, Moonlight and Vines (Tor 1999).
  Charles de Lint was born in 1951 in Bussum, the Netherlands, and his family emigrated to Canada when he was four months old. He grew up in Canada, as well as overseas, but has lived in Ottawa since he was eleven. In his late twenties to early thirties, he worked in a record store and played with a Celtic band on the weekends. He now lives in Ottawa with his wife, artist and musician MaryAnn Harris, who is first editor of de Lint's fiction and also his business manager.
  
  wn.com/Charles_de_Lint
• 
  Dave Grohl
  David Eric "Dave" Grohl (born January 14, 1969) is an American rock musician, multi-instrumentalist, and singer-songwriter, who is the lead vocalist, guitarist, primary songwriter and founder of the Foo Fighters, prior to which he was the drummer in the grunge band Nirvana. He is also the drummer and co-founder of the rock supergroup Them Crooked Vultures. Grohl has additionally written all the music and performed all the instruments for his short-lived side projects Late! and Probot, as well as being involved with Queens of the Stone Age numerous times throughout the past decade. He has performed session work (as a drummer) for a variety of musicians, including Garbage, Killing Joke, Nine Inch Nails, The Prodigy, Slash, Juliette Lewis, Tenacious D, Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, and Lemmy Kilmister.
  As a child, Grohl's family relocated from Warren, Ohio, to Springfield, Virginia, a suburb of Washington, D.C. Three years later, when Grohl was six, his parents divorced, and Grohl grew up living with his mother.
  
  wn.com/Dave_Grohl
• Dick Rude
  Dick Rude (born 1964) is a writer, director, and actor known for his appearance in and contributions to many Alex Cox films. He has directed the music videos "Catholic School Girls Rule" and "Universally Speaking" for the Red Hot Chili Peppers, as well as their live concert DVD, Off the Map.
  His most recent film is Let's Rock Again!, a documentary about Joe Strummer.
  
  
  
  wn.com/Dick_Rude
• 
  Don Letts
  Don Letts (born (1956-01-10)10 January 1956) is a British film director and musician. He is credited as the man who through his DJing at clubs like The Roxy brought together punk and reggae music.
  Letts was born in London, England and educated at Tenison's School in Kennington. In 1975, Letts ran the trendy London clothing store Acme Attractions selling, "electric-blue zoot suits and jukeboxes, and pumping dub reggae all day long." Letts was deeply inspired by the music coming from his parents' homeland Jamaica, in particular Bob Marley. After seeing one of Marley's gigs at the Odeon in Hammersmith (June, 1976) he was able to sneak into the hotel and spent the night talking to and befriending Marley. By the mid 1970s Acme had quite a scene attracting all the like of The Clash, The Sex Pistols, Chrissie Hynde, Patti Smith, Deborah Harry and Bob Marley.
  Seeing the crowd at Acme, the then promoter Andy Czezowski started up the Roxy, a London nightclub during the original outbreak of punk in England, so that people could go from the store and have some place to party. As most bands of that era had yet to be recorded, there were limited punk rock records to be played. Instead, Letts included many dub and reggae records in his sets, and is credited with introducing those sounds to the London punk scene, which was to influence The Clash and other bands. As a tribute, he is pictured on the cover of the album Super Black Market Clash. He was able to use the fame and money from DJing and the Acme story to make his first film, The Punk Rock Movie (1978).
  
  wn.com/Don_Letts
• 
  Dregen
  Andreas Tyrone Svensson (born 12 June 1973 in Nässjö, Sweden), is best known as the former guitarist The Hellacopters and current guitarist of Backyard Babies and the newest member of Michael Monroe's band, replacing Ginger as guitarist. He is married to the singer Pernilla Andersson.
  He is still a member of Backyard Babies, claiming in an interview with Rocksverige.se that the band will come together later and be stronger than ever.
  Dregen formed the Backyard Babies with his childhood friends Nicke Borg, Peder Carlsson and Johan Blomqvist in their own town of Nässjö, Sweden. The band moved to Stockholm to pursue wider success. The group signed a record deal andreleased their debut album Diesel & Power in 1994.
  Also in 1994, Dregen met singer and guitarist Nicke Andersson who at that time played drums with Swedish death metal outfit Entombed. Together they formed another band, The Hellacopters. The Hellacopters found success in 1996 with their album Supershitty to the Max!, which won a Grammis. It was followed in 1997 by the record Payin' the Dues. The band also toured with KISS. That same year, Backyard Babies released another Grammis winning album – Total 13.
  
  wn.com/Dregen
• Ellen Foley
  Ellen Foley (born June 5, 1951) is an American singer and actress, who has appeared on Broadway and television, where she co-starred in the sitcom Night Court. In music, she has released three solo albums but is best known for her collaborations with the singer Meat Loaf.
  Foley was born in St. Louis, Missouri, the daughter of John and Virginia B. Foley. Foley attended Webster University. Foley gained high public recognition singing the duet with Meat Loaf on the hit single "Paradise by the Dashboard Light" from the 1977 album Bat out of Hell. Although Karla DeVito is featured on the music video, DeVito is lip synching to Foley's vocals.
  Her debut album Night Out was released in 1979; the album's single "What's A Matter Baby" was a minor hit, reaching #92 on the US Charts. The album itself peaked at #152, and was produced by Ian Hunter and Mick Ronson. Foley recorded a memorable duet with Ian Hunter in 1980, "We Gotta Get Outta Here". Her creative relationship with Hunter also led her to singing backing vocals on the Iron City Houserockers' 1980 album Have a Good Time but Get out Alive!, produced by Hunter, Ronson, and The E Street Band's Steven Van Zandt.
  
  wn.com/Ellen_Foley
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  Elvis Costello
  Elvis Costello (born Declan Patrick MacManus, 25 August 1954) is an English singer-songwriter. He came to prominence as an early participant in London's pub rock scene in the mid-1970s and later became associated with the punk/New Wave genre. Steeped in word play, the vocabulary of Costello's lyrics is broader than that of most popular songs. His music has drawn on many diverse genres; one critic described him as a "pop encyclopaedia", able to "reinvent the past in his own image".
  Costello has won multiple awards in his career, including a Grammy Award, and has twice been nominated for the Brit Award for Best British Male. In 2003, Elvis Costello & the Attractions were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked Costello number 80 on their list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.
  Costello was born Declan Patrick MacManus in St Mary's Hospital, London, the son of Lilian Alda (née Ablett, b. 1927, Liverpool) and Ross MacManus (1927–2011), a musician and bandleader. He is of Irish heritage. Costello lived in Twickenham, attending Hounslow Secondary Modern School, which is now St Mark's Catholic Secondary School, in neighbouring Hounslow. With a musically inclined father (who was a jazz trumpeter and sang with The Joe Loss Orchestra), Costello's first broadcast recording was alongside his dad in a television commercial for R. White's Lemonade (I'm a Secret Lemonade Drinker). His father wrote and sang the song; Costello provided backing vocals. The advertisement won a silver award at the 1974 International Advertising Festival.
  
  wn.com/Elvis_Costello
• 
  Eugene Hütz
  Eugene Hütz (Ukrainian: Євген Гудзь, Yevhen Hudz′; born Yevheniy Aleksandrovich Nikolayev-Simonov, Russian: Евгений Александрович Николаев-Симонов), September 6, 1972) is a Ukrainian-born singer and composer, most notable as the frontman of the critically acclaimed New York Gypsy punk band Gogol Bordello. Hütz is also a DJ and actor.
  Hütz was born in Boyarka, near Kiev, to a Russian father and a mother who was of half Roma ancestry. His father was a butcher who also played guitar in one of Ukraine's first rock bands, Meridian. Hütz learned English through his musical "mentors" because
  Russian rock always had lyrics that were superb and more advanced than the original Western rock ‘n’ roll, I think. Of course, Western rock is much stronger when it comes to performance and production, but Russian song writers were the champions of writing lyrics. So naturally I picked mentors who taught me how to tell a story, like Johnny Cash or Nick Cave or Leonard Cohen or Shane MacGowan from The Pogues. I learned English through my mentors. I feel like they are kind of my uncles in this sense.
  
  wn.com/Eugene_Hütz
• Futura 2000
  Futura 2000 is an American graffiti artist. He started to paint illegally on New York's subway in the early seventies, working with other artists such as ALI. In the early eighties he showed with Patti Astor at the Fun Gallery, along with Keith Haring, Jean-Michel Basquiat, Richard Hambleton and Kenny Scharf. Futura began painting "legally" as the live on-stage backdrop painter for British punk rock band The Clash's 1981 European tour. More recently, he is a successful graphic designer and gallery artist. One of the most distinctive features of Futura's work is his abstract approach to graffiti art. While the primary focus, during the 1980s, of the majority of graffiti artists was lettering, Futura pioneered abstract street art, which has since become more popular. Conversely, his aerosol strokes are regarded as different from those of his peers, as they are as thin as the fine lines achieved only through the use of an airbrush.
  While he is primarily known as a graffiti artist, much of his work is as an illustrator and graphic designer of record sleeves, first becoming involved with The Clash; producing a sleeve for their "This Is Radio Clash" 7" single and handwriting the sleeve notes and lyrics sheet for their album Combat Rock. He also toured extensively with The Clash during the Combat Rock tours, "performing" with them on stage by spray painting backdrops whilst the band performed.
  
  wn.com/Futura_2000
• Gary Barnacle
  Gary Barnacle (born 1959,Dover, England) is a saxophonist/flautist, brass instrument arranger, composer and producer, primarily noted for session work, live work (incl. various Princes Trust Concerts at Wembley Arena, The Albert Hall and the NEC Birmingham, plus the Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute at Wembley Stadium,1988) and television/video appearances, during the 1980s and 1990s, with a large number of popular music acts, including : - The Clash, The Damned, Public Image Ltd, The Ruts/Ruts D.C. (studio and live), The Beat (band) (live only), Stray Cats (studio and live), Pearl Harbour and the Explosions (studio and live), Spear of Destiny (live only), Positive Noise (studio and live), Shed Seven (studio and live TV), Simple Minds, China Crisis, The Teardrop Explodes, Hothouse Flowers, Lloyd Cole and the Commotions, The Boomtown Rats, M (band) (studio and TV), Madness, Dexy's Midnight Runners, The Beautiful South, Level 42 (studio,live,live TV, video and TV), Mark King, Nik Kershaw, Bros (studio and video), Go West (live and TV), Waterfront (band) (studio,TV and video), King (band) (studio and live), Paul King (musician, VJ) (live and TV), Five Star, The Pasadenas, 10 cc, Visage (studio and TV), Ultravox, Boy George, Marilyn (studio and TV), Holly Johnson, Pet Shop Boys, Nick Kamen (TV only), Jimmy Ray, Paul Hardcastle, Samantha Fox, Kim Wilde (studio,live,video and TV), Tiffany (singer) (TV only), Wilson Phillips (TV only), Sinitta, Yazz (studio,TV and video), Rick Astley, Spandau Ballet (studio and TV), Andy Taylor (guitarist) (of Duran Duran), Kylie Minogue, Dannii Minogue, Bucks Fizz, Amazulu, The Communards, Erasure, Wet Wet Wet (live and TV only), Cutting Crew, Modern English (band), Keep It Dark (studio, live and TV), This Way Up, Halo James (video only), The Style Council (studio and TV), Tears For Fears (TV only), Swing Out Sister, Tina Turner (studio,live,TV,video and live TV), T'Pau (studio and video), Toyah, Tom Jones, Engelbert Humperdinck, Barry Ryan, Cilla Black, Dusty Springfield, Sandie Shaw, Cliff Richard, Michael Ball (singer) (video only), Ben Mills (live only), Jane McDonald (TV only), Eartha Kitt, Chris de Burgh, Gilbert O'Sullivan, Les McKeown (studio,live and TV)), Elkie Brooks, Beverley Craven (live only), Michelle Collins, Suzi Quatro (live only), Jim Diamond (studio,video and TV), Status Quo (studio,video and TV), The Beach Boys (studio,video and TV),Eric Clapton (live and TV), George Harrison (live and TV), Ringo Starr (live and TV), Jeff Lynne (live and TV), Brian May (live and TV), Roger Taylor (Queen)/The Cross, Allan Holdsworth, Daryl Stuermer, Chester Thompson (live only), The Phenix Horns, Alphonso Johnson (live only), General Public, Soft Cell (studio,live and TV), Elvis Costello (studio and live), Graham Parker (live and TV), Del Amitri, Prefab Sprout, The Creatures (studio and TV), Siouxsie And The Banshees, Roger Daltrey (studio and TV), Phil Collins (studio and live), Mike Rutherford, Tony Banks (musician), Genesis (band) (TV only), David Bowie, Nico, Marc Almond (studio and live), Jim Foetus (live and TV), Mick Karn, David Sylvian, Rain Tree Crow, James J.T. Taylor, The Big Dish, Jamiroquai (studio,live and TV), James Brown, Soul II Soul, Massive Attack, Eric B. and Rakim, Guru (Jazzmatazz), Donald Byrd (live only), Roy Ayres (live only), Ronny Jordan, Derek B, Chante Moore, The Chimes, Lighthouse Family, Eternal, Ruby Turner, Jaki Graham, Nona Hendryx, Chaka Khan (TV only), Taylor Dayne (live and TV), Maxi Priest, Des'ree, Edwin Starr (studio and live TV), Sam Moore (of Sam and Dave) (studio and live), Wilson Pickett (live only), Robert Cray (live and video), Jimmy Ruffin (live only), The Temptations (live and TV), Johnny Moore (musician) (of The Drifters), Joe Cocker (live and TV), Lenny Kravitz (live and TV), Huey Lewis (live and TV), Keef Hartley (live only), KD Lang (live and TV), Michelle Shocked (live and TV), Ricky Martin (live and TV), Marc Anthony (live and TV), Gloria Estefan (TV only), Julio Iglesias (TV only), Trini Lopez (live only), Al Jarreau (TV only), Michael Bolton (TV only), Joe Roberts (TV only), Lindy Layton (studio and TV), Tim Finn. Midnight Oil. John Farnham (live and TV), The Box Tops (live only), Patrick Juvet, Spagna (TV only), Supermax, Klaus Hoffmann, Marius Müller Westernhagen, Kristine W, Vittorio Grigolo (live only), Loredana Bertè, Julien Clerc, Valerie Lagrange, Renaud, Rose Laurens, Isabel Pantoja, Rachid Bahri, José Luis Perales, Francisco Xavier, Ramoncin (studio and live), Presuntos Implicados, Tam Tam Go !, Rui Veloso, Edoardo Bennato, Luciana Caporaso, Arrow, Yosui Inoue, Motoharu Sano, Hajime Mizoguchi, Masahiro Motoki, Chara (singer), Beverley Knight (live and TV only), Dina Carroll (live and TV only), Harriet (singer), Juliet Roberts, Haywoode, Maria Whittaker, Ola Onabule, Lance Ellington, Paul Young (live and TV only), Paul Carrack (live and TV only), Rod Argent (live only), Deaf School (studio and live), S'Express, Stock, Aitken and Waterman, The Sugarcubes, Björk (studio and live TV) and..................Paul McCartney (studio,live and TV). He was also in an electropop duo called Leisure Process from 1982–83, with ex-Positive Noise singer, Ross Middleton.
  
  During this period, Barnacle's services have been regularly called upon by the following top producers, engineers and arrangers :- Clive Langer and Alan Winstanley, Stock, Aitken and Waterman, Mike Hedges, John Hudson, Hugh Padgham, Stephen Hague, Youth, Dan Hartman, Tony Joe White, Simon Law, Lee Hamblin, Ross Anderson, Jazzie B, Nick Launay, Peter Lorimer, Steve Anderson (Brothers In Rhythm), Peter Collins (record producer), Paul O'Duffy, Tom Dowd, George Martin, David Richards, Mike Vernon, Martin Rushent, Bill Price, Gus Dudgeon, Roy Thomas Baker, Carlo Vila, Billy Livsey, Colin Thurston, Jon Kelly, Steve Hillage, Mike Howlett, William Orbit, Phil Thornalley, Colin Campsie, George McFarlane, Gary Bell, Howard Gray, Ian Prince, Leon Ware, Lenny White, Lemmy Jackson, Martin Meissonnier, Martin Moll, Gary Langan, Ken Scott, Alex Sadkin, Michael Kamen, Gil Evans, David Bedford, David Lindup, Phil Pope, James Simpson, Steve Brown (composer), Fiachra Trench, Anne Dudley, Stephen Stewart-Short/Steve Short, Bert Bevans, Hein Hoven, Rusty Egan, Midge Ure, Glen Skinner, Neil Brockbank, Paul Riley, Ian Penman, Adam Sieff, Del Taylor, Neal X, Louie Louie/Louis Louis/Louie Vega, Dee Harris/Dave Harris, Bernard Butler, Mike Gregovich, Julian Mendelsohn, Mike Ging, Ricki Wilde and Marty Wilde, Charlie Gillett, Ron François, Scobie Ryder, Gil Norton, Ryoji Oba, Graham Gouldman, Rafe McKenna, Terry Brown (record producer), John Eden, Bob Sargeant, Bobby Eli, John Ryan, Steve Chase, Stuart Bruce (engineer), Wally Brill, Trevor Vallis, Nick Patrick, Chris Sheldon, Walter Turbitt, Gary Stevenson, Steve Osborne, Paul Oakenfold, Pascal Gabriel, Ian Levine, Simon Harris, Pete Oxendale, Ric Lee, Pete Gage (guitarist), Roger Bechirian, Alan Shacklock, Paul Hardiman, John Brand, Pete Schwier, Flood (producer), Adam Fuest, Alan Moulder, Curtis Schwartz, Simon Hanhart, Mike Neilsen, Al Stone, Nick Tauber, Max Norman, Carey Taylor, James Guthrie (record producer), Jean-Paul 'Bluey' Maunick, Monty Norman and Mick Glossop, among others.
  
  wn.com/Gary_Barnacle
• Guy Stevens
  Guy Stevens (13 April 1943 – 29 August 1981) worked in a number of different roles in the British music industry including producer and manager. He gave the rock bands Procol Harum and Mott the Hoople their distinctive names.
  Stevens was born in East Dulwich, London and is probably best known as the producer of The Clash's acclaimed 1979 album, London Calling. The band themselves have always held up Stevens' input as a major factor in the album's popularity and quality. However it was not the first time Stevens had worked with the Clash. In 1976 Stevens was present, although not clearly as a producer on a demo session the band undertook before they were signed.
  Mick Jones recalled that:
  The Clash involved Stevens because they recognized the influential role he had played in the British beat and blues booms of the 1960s. The Who, The Small Faces, The Rolling Stones and many others used Stevens' knowledge of the American R&B and soul scene, as a source for their own repertoire, having heard of him through his deejaying at the influential New Scene Club in Ham Yard, London W.1, where he exercised his obsessive love of rock and roll, R&B, ska, jazz and soul for an audience that counted The Beatles and Eric Clapton amongst them.
  
  wn.com/Guy_Stevens
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  Hugh Cornwell
  Hugh Alan Cornwell (born 28 August 1949, Tufnell Park, North London, England) is an English musician and songwriter, best known for being the vocalist and guitarist for the punk/new wave group, The Stranglers, from 1974 to 1990.
  Cornwell grew up in Tufnell Park and Kentish Town and attended William Ellis School in Highgate, where he played bass in a band with Richard Thompson, later a member of Fairport Convention. In the late 1960s, after earning a bachelor's degree in biochemistry from Bristol University, he embarked on post-graduate research at Lund University (Sweden). Not long after his arrival he formed the band Johnny Sox.
  Cornwell returned to the UK in 1974 with Johnny Sox (minus Hans Wärmling). Jet Black then joined the band. At one stage it was just Cornwell and Black, who were then joined by Jean Jacques Burnel. Hans Wärmling, on holiday from Sweden, joined the line-up towards the end of 1974. The Johnny Sox name was then dropped and the band toured under the name The Guildford Stranglers and eventually The Stranglers.
  
  wn.com/Hugh_Cornwell
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  Irvine Welsh
  Irvine Welsh (born 27 September 1958 in Leith, Edinburgh) is a contemporary Scottish novelist, best known for his novel Trainspotting. His work is characterised by raw Scottish dialect, and brutal depiction of the realities of Edinburgh life. He has also written plays, screenplays, and directed several short films.
  Irvine Welsh was born in Leith, the port area of the Scottish capital Edinburgh. His family moved to Muirhouse, in Edinburgh, when he was four, where the family stayed at local housing schemes. His mother worked as a waitress. His father was a dock worker in Leith until bad health forced him to become a carpet salesman; he died when Welsh was 25. Welsh left Ainslie Park High School when he was 16 and then completed a City and Guilds course in electrical engineering. He became an apprentice TV repairman until an electric shock persuaded him to move on to a series of other jobs. He left Edinburgh for the London punk scene in 1978, where he played guitar and sang in The Pubic Lice and Stairway 13, the latter a reference to the Ibrox disaster. A series of arrests for petty crimes and finally a suspended sentence for trashing a North London community centre inspired Welsh to correct his ways. He worked for Hackney London Borough Council in London and studied computing with the support of the Manpower Services Commission.
  
  wn.com/Irvine_Welsh
• Jazz Mellor
  Jazz Domino Holly Mellor (born 18 November 1983) is the founding member and President of the Shoreditch Sisters Women's Institute.
  Mellor is the daughter of Gaby Salter and Joe Strummer, lead singer of The Clash. Her parents separated when she was ten. They had been together for 14 years but not formally married as her father had been unable to locate and divorce his estranged wife.
  Mellor received her secondary education at the independent Bedales School in Hampshire. Childhood acquaintances included Lily Allen and Juno Temple.
  Mellor is the founding member and President of the Shoreditch Sisters Women's Institute. The group evolved out of informal meetings between friends and is a fully accredited branch of the WI. It discusses issues related to women and promotes craft-based activities such as knitting and sewing.
  Mellor describes herself as a feminist and believes that it was right for earlier generations of women to reject those traditionally female pastimes associated with housework. However she also believes that attempts to demonstrate equality with men by emulating male behaviour have damaged women's self-respect, culminating in the harmful ladette sub-culture. Consequently, she believes, it is now time for women to reclaim some of those traditionally female pastimes.
  
  wn.com/Jazz_Mellor
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  Jesse Malin
  Jesse Malin (born January 26, 1968 in Flushing, Queens, New York, U.S.) is a rock musician. He has played with Heart Attack and D Generation. He is currently a solo recording artist.
  Malin began his music career, at the age of 12, as the front-man for the seminal New York City hardcore band Heart Attack. Following the demise of that band in 1984, Jesse worked on several other projects, including the band Hope, before joining glam punk band D Generation for which he was the lead singer for eight years. As one of New York City's most noted bands of 1990s, D Generation released three albums, including No Lunch before eventually disbanding in April 1999.
  Malin didn't stop writing music and went on to form two other projects, PCP Highway (with former D Generation bandmates Howie Pyro and Joe Rizzo) and Bellvue (also named Tsing-Tsing for a brief time); the latter band released one album, To Be Somebody on Goldenseal Records. The album included versions of songs that would later be reworked for Malin's first two solo albums, including Solitaire, Basement Home, Brooklyn and Downliner.
  
  wn.com/Jesse_Malin
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  Jim Jarmusch
  James R. "Jim" Jarmusch ( /ˈdʒɑrməʃ/; born January 22, 1953) is an American independent film director, screenwriter, actor, producer, editor and composer. Jarmusch has been a major proponent of independent cinema, particularly during the 1980s and 1990s.
  The key, I think, to Jim, is that he went gray when he was 15 ... As a result, he always felt like an immigrant in the teenage world. He's been an immigrant – a benign, fascinated foreigner – ever since. And all his films are about that.
  Jarmusch was born to a family of middle-class suburbanites in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio in 1953. His mother, of Irish and German descent, had been a reviewer of film and theatre for the Akron Beacon Journal before marrying his father, a businessman of Czech and German descent who worked for the B.F. Goodrich Company. She introduced the future director, the middle of three children, to the world of cinema by leaving him at a local cinema to watch matinee double features such as Attack of the Crab Monsters and Creature From the Black Lagoon while she ran errands. The first adult film he recalls having seen was the 1958 cult classic Thunder Road (starring Robert Mitchum) the violence and darkness of which left an impression on the seven-year-old Jarmusch. Another B-movie influence from his childhood was Ghoulardi, an eccentric Cleveland television show which featured horror films.
  
  wn.com/Jim_Jarmusch
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  Jimmy Cliff
  Jimmy Cliff, OM (born James Chambers on 1 April 1948) is a Jamaican musician, singer and actor. He is the only currently living musician to hold the Order of Merit, the highest honour that can be granted by the Jamaican government for achievement in the arts and sciences.
  Cliff is best known among mainstream audiences for songs such as "Sitting in Limbo", "You Can Get It If You Really Want" and "Many Rivers to Cross" from the soundtrack to The Harder They Come, which helped popularize reggae across the world; and his covers of Cat Stevens' "Wild World" and Johnny Nash's "I Can See Clearly Now" from the film Cool Runnings. Outside of the reggae world, he is probably best known for his film appearance in The Harder They Come. Cliff was one of five performers inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2010.
  Jimmy Cliff was born in Somerton District, St. James, Jamaica. He began writing songs while still at primary school in St. James, listening to a neighbour's sound system. In 1962 his father took him to Kingston to go to Kingston Technical school, where he ended up sharing his cousin's one rented room in East Kingston.
  
  wn.com/Jimmy_Cliff
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  Joe Strummer
  John Graham Mellor (21 August 1952 – 22 December 2002), best remembered by his stage name Joe Strummer, was an English musician who was the co-founder, lyricist, rhythm guitarist and lead vocalist of the British punk rock band The Clash. His musical experience included his membership of The 101ers, Latino Rockabilly War, The Mescaleros and The Pogues, in addition to his own solo music career. Strummer's work as a musician allowed him to explore other interests, which included acting, creating film scores for television and movies, songwriting, radio broadcasting, and a position as a radio host. Strummer is one of the iconic figures of the British punk movement.
  Strummer and The Clash were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in January 2003. In his remembrance, Strummer's friends and family have established the Strummerville Foundation for the promotion of new music, and each year there are many festivals and both organised and spontaneous ceremonies worldwide to celebrate his memory.
  
  wn.com/Joe_Strummer
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  Johnny Cash
  John R. "Johnny" Cash (February 26, 1932 – September 12, 2003), was an American singer-songwriter, actor, and author, who has been called one of the most influential musicians of the 20th century. Although he is primarily remembered as a country music icon, his songs and sound spanned many other genres including rockabilly and rock and roll—especially early in his career—as well as blues, folk, and gospel. This crossover appeal led to Cash being inducted in the Country Music Hall of Fame, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, and Gospel Music Hall of Fame.
  Cash was known for his deep, distinctive bass-baritone voice; for the "boom-chicka-boom" sound of his Tennessee Three backing band; for his rebelliousness, coupled with an increasingly somber and humble demeanor; for providing free concerts inside prison walls; and for his dark performance clothing, which earned him the nickname "The Man in Black". He traditionally started his concerts by saying, "Hello, I'm Johnny Cash." and usually following it up with his standard "Folsom Prison Blues".
  
  wn.com/Johnny_Cash
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  Julien Temple
  Julien Temple, Baron Temple (born 26 November 1953 in London) is an English film, documentary and music video director. He began his career with short films featuring the Sex Pistols, and has continued with various off-beat projects, including The Great Rock And Roll Swindle, Absolute Beginners and a documentary film about Glastonbury.
  Temple was born into a communist family (his father Landon Temple ran Progressive Tours and was a Communist Party of Great Britain member). He is the brother of the last General Secretary of the CPGB, Nina Temple.
  Temple was educated at St Marylebone Grammar School, from which he was expelled, William Ellis School and King's College, Cambridge. He grew up with little interest in film until he discovered the works of French anarchist director Jean Vigo when he was a student at Cambridge. This, along with his interest in the early punk scene in London in 1976 led to his friendship with The Sex Pistols, leading him to document many of their early gigs.
  His first film was a short documentary called Sex Pistols Number 1, which set out to show the rise of the band from 1976-1977 in a series of short clips from television interviews and gigs.
  
  wn.com/Julien_Temple
• Keith Levene
  Keith Levene (born Julian Keith Levene, 18 July 1957 in Wood Green, Middlesex) is an English songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. He was an early member of The Clash, and a founder member of Public Image Limited, along with John Lydon.
  Keith Levene was an early member of The Clash and The Flowers of Romance (most notable for also featuring a pre-Sex Pistols Sid Vicious). Although he never recorded with The Clash, he co-wrote "What's My Name", featured on their first album. Levene has often claimed that he co-wrote several songs on The Clash's first album.
  According to Simon Reynolds in his book Rip It Up and Start Again, Levene was an avid progressive rock fan who had served at age fifteen as a roadie for Yes on their Close to the Edge tour.
  After the Sex Pistols disintegrated, Levene co-founded Public Image Ltd (PiL) with John Lydon. His guitar work was much imitated by several punk rockers and others, including The Edge of U2. On later PiL recordings, Levene would often forgo his guitar for synthesizer. He left PiL acrimoniously in 1983 just before shows which would later form the Live In Tokyo album. PiL had been working on what would become the album This Is What You Want... This Is What You Get. He released the original versions of the songs on his own label under the title Commercial Zone which was the original working title of the album. In 1985 he moved to Los Angeles where he formed a company with his second wife, journalist Shelly da Cunha. In mid-1986, Levene tried to produce demos for the album The Uplift Mofo Party Plan by the Red Hot Chili Peppers at Master Control in Burbank with engineers Steve Catania and Dan Nebenzal, but the band split up over drug money. Also in 1986, Levene worked together with DJ Matt Dike, experimenting with sampling techniques and hip-hop for Ice T and Tone Loc on their early recordings for Delicious.
  
  wn.com/Keith_Levene
• Kosmo Vinyl
  Kosmo Vinyl (born Mark C. Dunk, c. 1957, England) was a longtime associate and sometime manager for The Clash, as well as being associated with The Jam, two English bands of the 1970s and 1980s. He can be heard introducing The Clash at Shea Stadium on The Clash's live album, Live at Shea Stadium, as well as many bootlegged performances such as Kingston Advice. His impressionistic reading of one of character Travis Bickle's monologues from the film Taxi Driver can be heard on The Clash's Red Angel Dragnet.
  Prior to his association with the Clash, he had acted as MC on the Stiff Records tours, appearing on the 1978 LP Stiffs Live.
  He later became a record producer, producing records by Jack Black, Jack Logan and Drivin N Cryin.
  He was a music consultant on Gus Van Sant's 1989 film, Drugstore Cowboy.
  
  wn.com/Kosmo_Vinyl
• Kris Needs
  Kris Needs (born 2 July 1954) is a British journalist and author, primarily known for his writings on the music scene from the 1970s onwards. He became editor of ZigZag Magazine in August 1977, at the relatively young age of 23, and has written biographies of numerous rock and dance stars including Primal Scream, Joe Strummer and Keith Richards.
  In the late 1970s he fronted a band 'The Vice Creams', appearing in John Otway's Aylesbury Market Square free concert.
  He started in journalism, while living in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, with the Thame Gazette, a weekly newspaper in Oxfordshire.
  Needs and Wonder Schneider formed the band Secret Knowledge and released the 1992 club hit "Sugar Daddy" on the Sabres of Paradise label. The track also appeared on their 1996 electronic album So Hard on Deconstruction Records; Needs and Schneider wrote all the material, occasionally with artists such as Ashley Beedle and Jah Wobble.
  Kris Needs is currently hosting a radio show on Fnoob Radio fortnightly.
  
  
  
  wn.com/Kris_Needs
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  Lily Allen
  Lily Rose Beatrice Cooper (born 2 May 1985), better known as Lily Allen, is an English recording artist, actress and fashion designer. She is the daughter of actor and musician Keith Allen and film producer Alison Owen. In her teenage years, her musical tastes evolved from glam rock to alternative. Allen abandoned school and concentrated on improving her performing and compositional skills. Afterwards, she created several demo songs and, near the end of 2005, she created a profile on MySpace where she made some of her recordings public.
  A contract was signed with the label Regal Recordings, as the views on MySpace rose to tens of thousands. In 2006, she began to work on completing what would be her first studio album and its first mainstream single "Smile" reached the top position on the UK Singles Chart in July 2006. Her debut record, Alright, Still, was well received on the international market, selling over 2.6 million copies and brought Allen a nomination at the Grammy Awards, BRIT Awards and MTV Video Music Awards. She then began hosting her own talk-show, Lily Allen and Friends, on BBC Three.
  
  wn.com/Lily_Allen
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  Little Richard
  Richard Wayne Penniman (born December 5, 1932), known by the stage name Little Richard, is an American singer, songwriter, musician, recording artist, and actor, considered key in the transition from rhythm and blues to rock and roll in the mid-1950s. He was also the first artist to put the funk in the rock and roll beat and contributed significantly to the early development of soul music. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame website entry on Penniman states that:
  He claims to be "the architect of rock and roll", and history would seem to bear out Little Richard’s boast. More than any other performer – save, perhaps, Elvis Presley, Little Richard blew the lid off the Fifties, laying the foundation for rock and roll with his explosive music and charismatic persona. On record, he made spine-tingling rock and roll. His frantically charged piano playing and raspy, shouted vocals on such classics as "Tutti Frutti", "Long Tall Sally" and "Good Golly, Miss Molly" defined the dynamic sound of rock and roll.
  
  wn.com/Little_Richard
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  Mick Gallagher
  Michael William Gallagher (born 29 October 1945 in Newcastle upon Tyne, England) also known as Mick Gallagher and Mickey Gallagher is a British Hammond organ player and best known as a member of Ian Dury and the Blockheads and for his contributions to albums by the Clash. He has also written music for films such as Extremes (1971) and After Midnight (1990), also the Broadway play Serious Money (1988).
  Mick Gallagher started his musical career with The Unknowns. He played with the Animals during 1965, replacing founding member Alan Price. He moved on to form The Chosen Few, where he played alongside Alan Hull, who later formed Lindisfarne. Other associations include Skip Bifferty, Peter Frampton's Camel and Cochise.
  His Hammond sound was a major contribution to Ian Dury and The Blockheads. He played on two of the most influential Clash albums, London Calling (1979) and Sandinista! (1980), and made live appearances with the band, also playing on their last album Cut the Crap (1985), for which he never received a credit.
  
  wn.com/Mick_Gallagher
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  Mikey Dread
  Michael George Campbell (born 4 June 1954 in Port Antonio, Jamaica - died 15 March 2008 in Connecticut, United States), better known as Mikey Dread, was a Jamaican singer, producer, and broadcaster. He was one of the most influential performers and innovators in reggae music. His abilities, technical expertise, and unique vocal delivery combined to create a unique sound that tells the listener emphatically that it is the "Dread at the Controls".
  From an early age, Campbell showed a natural aptitude for engineering and electronics. In 1976, after he finished college, Campbell started out as an engineer with the Jamaica Broadcasting Corporation (JBC). Campbell wasn't impressed that the JBC's playlists mainly consisted of bland, foreign pop music at a time when some of the most potent reggae was being recorded in Jamaica. He convinced his JBC bosses to give him his own radio program called Dread At The Controls, where he played nothing but reggae. Before long, Campbell (now using the DJ name Mikey Dread) had the most popular program on the JBC. Well-known for its fun and adventurous sonic style, Dread At The Controls became a hit all over Jamaica. Inevitably, JBC's conservative management and Campbell clashed, and he quit in protest.
  
  wn.com/Mikey_Dread
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  Nelson Mandela
  Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (Xhosa pronunciation: [xoˈliːɬaɬa manˈdeːla]; born 18 July 1918) is a South African politician who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999, the first ever to be elected in a fully representative democratic election. Before being elected President, Mandela was a militant anti-apartheid activist, and the leader and co-founder of Umkhonto we Sizwe, the armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC). In 1962 he was arrested and convicted of sabotage and other charges, and sentenced to life imprisonment. Mandela went on to serve 27 years in prison, spending many of these years on Robben Island. Following his release from prison on 11 February 1990, Mandela led his party in the negotiations that led to the establishment of democracy in 1994. As President, he frequently gave priority to reconciliation, while introducing policies aimed at combating poverty and inequality in South Africa.
  In South Africa, Mandela is often known as Madiba, his Xhosa clan name; or as tata (Xhosa: father). Mandela has received more than 250 awards over four decades.
  
  wn.com/Nelson_Mandela
• Nick Hexum
  Nicholas Lofton Hexum (born April 12, 1970) is an American musician, currently the vocalist and guitarist for the alternative rock band 311.
  Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Hexum went to Westside High School in Omaha, Nebraska. There he played in the school's concert jazz band, and played in several local bands like "The Extras","The Ed's," "The Right Profile," and "Unity." In the late 1980s Nick moved to Los Angeles to pursue music, but he found his opportunity to be back home in Omaha just a couple of years later. His friend and future band mate, Chad Sexton, convinced him to move back to Omaha to start a band with other friends Aaron Wills and Jim Watson; this is the band that would eventually take the name 311.
  311 began playing together in 1988. In 1990 Nick realized the only way for 311 to gain notoriety was to release albums, so Nick started his own record company called "What Have You Records" and used it to begin releasing 311 titles. The band released three albums, Dammit!, Unity, and Hydroponic, as well as one EP, Downstairs EP, before signing to Capricorn Records in 1992.
  
  wn.com/Nick_Hexum
• Nick Sheppard
  Nick Sheppard is a Bristol-born guitarist best known for being in the well-known punk band The Clash for a short time.
  Nick Sheppard was educated at Bristol Grammar School, one of Bristol's leading public schools, and was in the same year as fellow musician Mark Stewart of The Pop Group. He started at 16 with The Cortinas, named after a well-known British car, the Ford Cortina. The band moved from R&B towards covering songs by punk forerunners like the New York Dolls and The Stooges. "In retrospect, I suppose we were very hip," Sheppard says. "We were listening to the right records, as we were right there at the right time." The Cortinas' singles, "Fascist Dictator" and "Defiant Pose" both appeared on Step Forward, the label run by Police manager Miles Copeland, as did their only album "True Romances". The band split up in September 1978, after which Sheppard played in a number of bands, including The Viceroys and The Spics, a Bristol-based Big-band.
  Sheppard moved to California, then back to Britain. When The Clash sacked Mick Jones in 1983, Sheppard and Vince White replaced him, and he toured America and Europe with them in 1984, playing on their final album Cut the Crap. The album attracted criticism through manager Bernie Rhodes' intrusive production and use of a drum machine. When "This Is England" reached a number 24 in the UK charts, Sheppard is quoted as saying: "I remember sitting in a different city watching it, thinking, 'There isn't a band'". The Clash finally split up shortly afterwards.
  
  wn.com/Nick_Sheppard
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  Nicke Borg
  Niklas Roger "Nicke" Borg, born April 3, 1973 in Nässjö, is a Swedish singer and guitarist in the Backyard Babies.
  While the Backyard Babies are taking a break, he works on his solo project Homeland. Homeland has released an EP, "Chapter 1" and one full length album called "Chapter 2". "Chapter 2" will be released at some point in 2012.
  Nicke Borg got his own radio show on radio station Bandit Rock. His radio show broadcasts from 22:00 to 00:00 every Thursday.
  Nicke Borg participated in Melodifestivalen 2011 in the race in Malmö where he went on to number two with premium Leaving Home to the final in Globen.
  
  wn.com/Nicke_Borg
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  Paul Simonon
  Paul Gustave Simonon (born 15 December 1955) is an English musician and artist best known as the bass guitarist for punk rock band The Clash. More recent work includes his involvement in the project The Good, the Bad & the Queen in 2007 with Damon Albarn, Simon Tong and Tony Allen and the Gorillaz album, Plastic Beach in 2010, which along with Albarn saw him reunite with Mick Jones.
  Simonon was born in Croydon, Surrey. His father, Gustave, was a clerk in the civil service and his mother, Elaine, was a librarian. He grew up in the South London area of Brixton, spending around a year in Siena, Italy with his mother and stepfather. Before joining The Clash, he had planned to become an artist and attended the Byam Shaw School of Art, then based in Campden St, Kensington (now part of Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design and relocated in Archway, London).
  He was asked to join The Clash in 1976 by lead guitarist Mick Jones, who planned to teach Simonon guitar. However, the instrument proved difficult for Simonon, so Jones decided to teach him bass instead. Simonon would learn his bass parts by rote from Jones in the early days of The Clash and still did not know how to play the bass when the group first recorded. He is credited with coming up with the name of the band and was mainly responsible for the visual aspects such as clothing & stage backdrops. He was also immortalised on the front cover of the band's double album London Calling; Pennie Smith's image of him smashing his bass has become one of the iconic pictures of the punk era.
  
  wn.com/Paul_Simonon
• Pennie Smith
  Pennie Smith (born in London) is an English photographer, known for having photographed several rock musicians. She specialises in black-and-white photography.
  Smith attended Twickenham Art school in the late 1960s, studying graphics and fine art. With others, she collaborated with graphic designer, Barney Bubbles and music journalist, Nick Kent in producing Friends magazine from 1969 to 1972. In 1970 she designed the sleeve for the Pink Fairies debut release Never Never Land. Her first major photographic commission was to cover a 1970s Led Zeppelin tour. Smith went on to work at the NME as staff photographer until the early 1980s.
  In her career, Smith has photographed some well-known rock musicians including: Led Zeppelin, The Rolling Stones, The Who, Iggy Pop, The Clash, The Jam, The Slits, Siouxsie Sioux, Debbie Harry, U2, Morrissey, The Stone Roses, Primal Scream, Manic Street Preachers, Radiohead, Blur, Oasis , David Smith and The Strokes.
  In addition to her portrait work she has covered tours with musicians, including a photograph of The Clash's Paul Simonon smashing his bass guitar on the stage in New York during a 1979 tour. The photograph went on to be used on the cover of the Clash album, London Calling, designed by Ray Lowry, and received Q magazine’s "Greatest Rock ‘n’ Roll Photograph of All-Time" award in 2002.
  
  wn.com/Pennie_Smith
• Pete Thomas
  Pete Thomas (born 9 August 1954, Hillsborough, Sheffield, England) is best known as the longtime drummer for Elvis Costello. Tom Waits has referred to him as "one of the best rock drummers alive".
  Following early work with Chilli Willi and the Red Hot Peppers and John Stewart, Thomas was recruited as a member of Costello's backing band The Attractions in 1977. Elvis Costello & The Attractions would spend the next decade touring the world, and recording nine albums, from This Year's Model (1978) to Blood and Chocolate (1986).
  Although Costello split with The Attractions between 1987 and 1993, he continued to work regularly with Thomas during this period. Thomas played drums on the albums Spike (1989), Mighty Like a Rose (1991), and Kojak Variety (recorded in 1990 but not released until 1995) and was a member of Costello's 1989-1991 touring band, The Rude 5.
  Costello reunited with The Attractions for the albums Brutal Youth (1994) and All This Useless Beauty (1996).
  In 2001 Costello recruited Thomas, Faragher, and fellow Attraction Steve Nieve to record the album that became When I Was Cruel (2002). Elvis Costello & The Imposters, as they were subsequently named, have gone on to tour extensively, and recorded the album The Delivery Man (2004).
  
  wn.com/Pete_Thomas
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  Ramones
  The Ramones were an American rock band that formed in the New York City neighborhood of Forest Hills, Queens, in 1974. They are often cited as the first punk rock group. Despite achieving only limited commercial success, the band was a major influence on the punk rock movement both in the United States and the United Kingdom.
  All of the band members adopted pseudonyms ending with the surname "Ramone", though none of them were related. They performed 2,263 concerts, touring virtually nonstop for 22 years. In 1996, after a tour with the Lollapalooza music festival, the band played a farewell concert and disbanded. Little more than eight years after the breakup, the band's three founding members—lead singer Joey Ramone, guitarist Johnny Ramone, and bassist Dee Dee Ramone—had died.
  Their only record with enough U.S. sales to be certified gold was the compilation album Ramones Mania. However, recognition of the band's importance built over the years, and they are now cited in many assessments of all-time great rock music, such as the Rolling Stone list of the 50 Greatest Artists of All Time and VH1's 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock. In 2002, the Ramones were ranked the second-greatest band of all time by Spin magazine, trailing only The Beatles. On March 18, 2002, the Ramones—including the three founders and drummers Tommy and Marky Ramone—were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In 2011, the group was awarded a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.
  
  wn.com/Ramones
• Ray Lowry
  Ray Lowry (August 28, 1944 – October 14, 2008) was an English cartoonist, illustrator and satirist, possessing a highly distinctive style and wit. He contributed to The Guardian, Private Eye, Punch and the NME amongst many other publications. Lowry lived in Rossendale, Lancashire.
  Lowry was born in Cadishead, Salford, and attended Urmston Grammar School. His father was a bricklayer.
  He worked in Manchester and London, and although he had no formal art education he first became known as a cartoonist during the 1970s. It was less well-known that Lowry was also a painter of urban landscapes following in the footsteps of his unrelated namesake L. S. Lowry.
  Lowry drew cartoons for a wide range of publications, and with the emergence of the 60s underground press he was published in Oz and International Times, which led to a long and better-paid relationship with the New Musical Express, including a weekly cartoon strip 'Only Rock'n'Roll'. Lowry's love of raw 50s rock and roll was the perfect complement to the new punk mentality that emerged in the late 1970s. He saw the Sex Pistols infamous Anarchy tour at the Electric Circus in Manchester and there he met The Clash. A friendship struck up with the band which led to an invitation to accompany them on their 1979 tour of the USA. From this he created the artwork for their London Calling album sleeve, using a photograph by Pennie Smith.
  
  wn.com/Ray_Lowry
• Ray Staff
  Ray Staff is a mastering engineer best known for his work with a diverse mix of artists including Led Zeppelin, The Rolling Stones, The Clash and Black Sabbath. Most recently he has mastered albums for Muse.
  Joining the legendary Trident Studios (a recording facility originally located at 17 St. Anne's Court in London's Soho district) in 1970 Ray Staff became part of the newly formed Mastering Department contributing to projects such as: David Bowie, Aladdin Sane, Ziggy Stardust, and Elton John. Ray moved on to become Trident's first Chief Mastering Engineer.
  For Monty Python Ray created the world's first three-sided album by cutting two spirals on one side of the disc, creating the "hidden" third side. This was topped later with a Johnny Moped album for Ace Records, where the first track on the A side was double cut, the two spirals then joined together to play the remaining side of the album.
  Whilst Senior Mastering Engineer at Sony's UK Studios Ray became part of the international team developing Sony's proprietary archiving system.
  
  wn.com/Ray_Staff
• 
  Rick Rubin
  Frederick Jay "Rick" Rubin (born March 10, 1963) is an American record producer and the co-president of Columbia Records. Along with Russell Simmons, Rubin is the founder of Def Jam Records and also established American Recordings. With the Beastie Boys, LL Cool J and Run–D.M.C., Rubin helped popularize hip hop music.
  Rubin has worked with artists as varied as Tom Petty, Black Sabbath, Trouble, Slipknot, Slayer, Red Hot Chili Peppers, The Mars Volta, Danzig, Dixie Chicks, Metallica, AC/DC, Aerosmith, Weezer, Linkin Park, The Cult, Neil Diamond, Mick Jagger, System of a Down, Rage Against the Machine, Beastie Boys, Audioslave, The Avett Brothers, Adele and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan. In the 1990s and 2000s, he produced the "American Recordings" albums with Johnny Cash. MTV called him "the most important producer of the last 20 years." In 2007, Rubin was listed among Time's 100 Most Influential People in the World.
  Rubin was born in Long Beach, New York and grew up in Lido Beach, New York, in a Jewish family. His father was a shoe wholesaler and his mother a housewife. While a student at Long Beach High School he befriended the school's AV Director Steve Freeman who gave him a few lessons in guitar playing and songwriting and helped him create a punk band called "The Pricks". Their biggest claim to fame was being thrown off the stage at CBGB after two songs for brawling with the heckling audience. These hecklers were friends of the band instructed to instigate a confrontation so as to get the show shut down and create a buzz. Although he had no authority in New York City, Rubin's father traveled all the way from Nassau county to Manhattan wearing his Lido Beach auxiliary police uniform as he attempted to "shut down" the show.
  
  wn.com/Rick_Rubin
• Rob Harper
  Rob Harper is a British musician noted for being an early drummer for The Clash from December 1976-January 1977.
  Rob Harper started out playing guitar in a college band and when the singer invited a guitarist called Mark Knopfler to join, Rob switched to the bass so Mark could join on guitar. It was Mark Knopfler's suggestion to name the band The Cafe Racers. After College Harper went to Sussex University and at that time he was invited by Mark to play bass in the band that was to become Dire Straits. Rob declined his offer as he was concentrating on his studies at University.
  During his year at Sussex University (he dropped out in Summer 1976), he played in a band called The Rockettes (as a lead guitarist) with William Broad (later to become Billy Idol) and Steve Upstone.
  In December 1976, Harper joined The Clash on the infamous December 1976 "Anarchy Tour" supporting the Sex Pistols. The tour is famous for local authorities cancelling many scheduled concerts due to "indecency".
  After the tour, Harper quit and the band replaced him with their original drummer, Terry Chimes, who was the drummer on the Clash's first album. Harper's drumming does not appear on any studio recordings, but can be heard on a December 9, 1976 bootleg recording of the Clash playing at the Electric Circus in Manchester.
  
  wn.com/Rob_Harper
• Sandy Pearlman
  Sandy Pearlman (born Samuel C. Pearlman, August 8, 1943) is an American music producer, artist manager, professor, poet, songwriter, and once was a record company executive. He is best known for founding, writing for and producing or co-producing many LP's by Blue Öyster Cult, as well as producing important albums by The Clash, The Dictators, Pavlov's Dog, Space Team Electra and Dream Syndicate, and for being the founding Vice President of emusic.com. He is currently the Schulich Distinguished Professor Chair at the Schulich School of Music at McGill University in Montreal.
  Pearlman grew up in Smithtown, Long Island, New York, the son of successful drug store operator Hyman Pearlman. He received his B.A. from the State University of New York at Stony Brook in 1966, where he had been Student President. He was awarded a Woodrow Wilson Fellowship in the History of Ideas, and completed graduate work at Brandeis University. He was also a New School Fellow in Sociology and Anthropology. As a University student, Pearlman wrote a series of poems called Imaginos, whose characters and lyrics would feature in his later career.
  
  wn.com/Sandy_Pearlman
• 
  Shane MacGowan
  Shane Patrick Lysaght MacGowan (born 25 December 1957) is an Irish musician and singer, best known as the original singer and songwriter of The Pogues.
  MacGowan was born in Pembury, Kent, England in 1957, to Irish parents. MacGowan spent his early childhood in Tipperary before his family moved back to England when he was six and a half. He lived in many parts of the south-east, including Brighton and London.
  MacGowan's mother, Therese, was a singer and traditional Irish dancer, and had worked as a model in Dublin. In 1971, after attending Holmewood House School at Langton Green, Tunbridge Wells, MacGowan earned a literature scholarship and was accepted into Westminster School, a renowned English public school close to the Houses of Parliament. He was found in possession of drugs and was expelled in his second year.
  MacGowan got his first taste of fame in 1976 at a concert by English punk band The Clash, when his earlobe was damaged by Jane Crockford, later to be a member of The Mo-dettes. A photographer snapped a picture of him covered in blood and it made the papers, with the headline "Cannibalism At Clash Gig". Shortly after this, he formed his own punk rock band, The Nipple Erectors, later renamed "The Nips".
  
  wn.com/Shane_MacGowan
• 
  Shepard Fairey
  Frank Shepard Fairey (born February 15, 1970) is an American contemporary graphic designer and illustrator who emerged from the skateboarding scene. He first became known for his "Andre the Giant Has a Posse" (…OBEY…) sticker campaign, in which he appropriated images from the comedic supermarket tabloid Weekly World News. His work became more widely known in the 2008 U.S. presidential election, specifically his Barack Obama "Hope" poster. The Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston calls him one of today's best known and most influential street artists. His work is included in the collections at The Smithsonian, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the Museum of Contemporary Art San Diego, the National Portrait Gallery in Washington, and the Victoria and Albert Museum in London.
  Shepard Fairey was born and raised in Charleston, South Carolina. His father, Strait Fairey, is a doctor, and his mother, Charlotte, a realtor. Fairey became involved with art in 1984, when he started to place his drawings on skateboards and T-shirts.
  
  wn.com/Shepard_Fairey
• 
  Steven Van Zandt
  Steven Van Zandt (born November 22, 1950) is an American musician, songwriter, arranger, record producer, actor, and radio disc jockey, who frequently goes by the stage names Little Steven or Miami Steve. He is best known as a member of Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band, in which he plays guitar and mandolin, and as an actor in the television drama The Sopranos (1999–2007), in which he played the character Silvio Dante. Van Zandt also had his own solo band called "Little Steven and The Disciples of Soul" in the 1980s.
  Van Zandt was born as Steven Lento in Winthrop, Massachusetts, of Italian descent. His mother, Mary Lento, remarried when he was young and Steven took the last name of his stepfather, William Van Zandt. The family moved from Massachusetts to Middletown Township, New Jersey when he was seven.
  Actor/playwright/producer Billy Van Zandt is Steven's half brother.
  Van Zandt grew up in the Jersey Shore music scene, and was an early friend and pre-E Street bandmate of Springsteen. In the early seventies, he was a journeyman guitarist (working as a sideman for The Dovells) as well as a founding member of Southside Johnny and the Asbury Jukes and several of Bruce Springsteen's early bands.
  
  wn.com/Steven_Van_Zandt
• 
  Ted Leo
  Ted Leo (born Theodore F. Leo on September 11, 1970, in South Bend, Indiana), is an American punk rock/indie rock songwriter and multi-instrumentalist who has played in the bands Citizens Arrest, Chisel, the Sin-Eaters, the Spinanes, and Ted Leo and the Pharmacists. He has also kept up a consistent presence as a solo performer since the late 1990s.
  Though born in Indiana, Leo grew up in Bloomfield, New Jersey, where his family is from, and spent many formative years in the hardcore punk scene of New York City during the 1980s and early 1990s. He graduated from Seton Hall Preparatory School in West Orange in 1988 and the University of Notre Dame in the fall of 1993 with a degree in English. His brothers Chris Leo and Danny Leo are also singer-songwriters, and members of Native Nod, The Lapse, The Van Pelt, Vague Angels and Holy Childhood. He is a vegan.
  Ted is a fan of and frequent contributor to WFMU, most notably to Tom Scharpling's "The Best Show on WFMU."
  
  wn.com/Ted_Leo
• Terry Chimes
  Terrence "Terry" Chimes (born 5 July 1956, Stepney, London) was the original drummer of punk rock group The Clash. He originally played with them from July 1976 to November 1976, January 1977 to April 1977, and again from May 1982 to February 1983. He was the drummer for Hanoi Rocks in 1985, before the band broke up that same year. He briefly toured with Black Sabbath from July 1987 through December 1987, and in a one-off gig in May 1988.
  Since 1994, he has practised as a chiropractor in Essex at his clinic; Chimes Chiropractic. He also runs chiropractic seminars, with the accompanying website 'chiropractic heaven'.
  Terry Chimes was a member of the proto-punk band London SS, which also featured Mick Jones and Paul Simonon who, with Chimes, would team up with Joe Strummer and Keith Levene to form The Clash.
  Both Chimes and Levene subsequently left, but Chimes was brought back to record the band's self-titled debut album, The Clash. On the album sleeve he was credited as Tory Crimes. After recording the album Chimes left the band once again and was replaced by Topper Headon.
  
  wn.com/Terry_Chimes
• 
  The Pogues
  The Pogues are an Irish rock band from London, formed in 1982 and fronted by Shane MacGowan. The band reached international prominence in the 1980s and early 1990s. MacGowan left the band in 1991 due to drinking problems but the band continued first with Joe Strummer and then with Spider Stacy on vocals before breaking up in 1996. The band reformed in 2001, and has been playing regularly ever since, most notably on the US East Coast around St Patrick's Day and across the UK and Ireland every December. The group has yet to record any new music and, according to Spider Stacy on Pogues.com, has no inclination to do so.
  Their politically tinged music was informed by MacGowan and Stacy's punk backgrounds, yet used traditional Irish instruments such as the tin whistle, cittern, mandolin and accordion.
  The Pogues were founded in Kings Cross, a district of North London, in 1982 as Pogue Mahone—pogue mahone being the Anglicisation of the Irish póg mo thóin, meaning "kiss my arse".
  The roots of The Pogues were formed when MacGowan (vocals), Peter "Spider" Stacy (tin whistle), and Jem Finer (banjo) were together in an occasional band called The Millwall Chainsaws in the late 1970s after MacGowan and Stacy met in the toilets at a Ramones gig at The Roundhouse in 1977. MacGowan was already with The Nips, though when they broke up in 1980 he concentrated a bit more on Stacy's Millwall Chainsaws who changed their name to The New Republicans. During this period MacGowan and Finer auditioned unsuccessfully for a licence to busk at Covent Garden. In 1982 James Fearnley (accordion) joined MacGowan, Stacy, and Finer, calling the band Pogue Mahone. The new group played their first gig at The Pindar of Wakefield on 4 October 1982.
  
  wn.com/The_Pogues
• 
  Tim Robbins
  Timothy Francis "Tim" Robbins (born October 16, 1958) is an American actor, screenwriter, director, producer, activist and musician. He is the former longtime partner of actress Susan Sarandon. He is known for his roles as Nuke in Bull Durham, Andy Dufresne in The Shawshank Redemption, and as Dave Boyle in Mystic River, for which he won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.
  Robbins was born in West Covina, California, and raised in New York City, the son of Mary Robbins (née Bledsoe), an actress, and Gilbert Lee Robbins (1931–2011), a musician, folk singer, actor and former manager of The Gaslight Cafe. Robbins has two sisters, Adele and Gabrielle, and a brother, David. Robbins was raised Catholic. He moved to Greenwich Village with his family at a young age, while his father pursued a career as a member of the folk music group The Highwaymen. Robbins started doing theater at age twelve and joined the drama club at Stuyvesant High School. He spent two years at SUNY Plattsburgh and then returned to California to study at the UCLA Film School.
  
  wn.com/Tim_Robbins
• 
  Tom Morello
  Thomas Baptiste Morello (born May 30, 1964) is a Grammy Award-winning American guitarist best known for his tenure with the bands Rage Against the Machine, Audioslave, his acoustic solo act The Nightwatchman, and his newest group, Street Sweeper Social Club. Tom is also the co-founder (along with Serj Tankian) of the non-profit political activist organization Axis of Justice, which airs a monthly program on Pacifica Radio station KPFK (90.7 FM) in Los Angeles. He is best known for his unique and creative guitar playing style, which incorporates feedback noises, unconventional picking and tapping as well as heavy use of guitar effects. He was ranked #26 in Rolling Stone's list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time."
  Tom Morello was born on May 30, 1964, in Harlem, New York, to Ngethe Njoroge and Mary Morello. Tom is of Irish and Italian descent on his maternal side, and Kikuyu Kenyan descent on his paternal side. His mother was a schoolteacher from Marseilles, Illinois, who earned a Master of Arts at Loyola University, Chicago and travelled to Germany, Spain, Japan, and Kenya as an English language teacher between 1977 to 1983. His father was a Kenyan participant in the Mau Mau Uprising, and served as Kenya's first ambassador to the United Nations. Morello's paternal great-uncle, Jomo Kenyatta, was the first elected president in Kenyan history. His parents met in August 1963, while attending a pro-democracy protest in Nairobi, Kenya. After discovering her pregnancy, Mary returned to the United States with Njoroge in November, and married in New York City.
  
  wn.com/Tom_Morello
• 
  Tony Kanal
  Tony Kanal (born Tony Ashwin Kanal; August 27, 1970) is a British-born American musician, record producer and songwriter. Kanal is the bassist for the American rock band No Doubt. His musical work outside of the band includes producing and songwriting with artists such as reggae singer Elan Atias and No Doubt bandmate Gwen Stefani, among others.
  Kanal's father Gulab and his mother Lajju are from India. His parents emigrated from India to London, England, where Kanal was born. While most of his early years were spent in London, Kanal and his family also spent brief periods living in Toronto, Canada, and Indiana, U.S.A., before eventually returning to London. At age eleven, he was taken by his family once again to the United States, where the Kanal family settled in Anaheim, California. There, his parents opened a store named "Kanal's Gifts and Fashion".
  Kanal's father suggested that Kanal learn to play the saxophone since it was the former's favorite instrument, so he bought one for Kanal. Kanal later learned how to play the bass from his schoolmate Dave Carpenter. After seeing one of third wave ska band No Doubt's early shows, he joined the band as its bassist. Kanal stated that his parents were ultimately supportive of his decision to pursue a career in music; however, they had wanted him "to go into a safe profession" and often reprimanded him for devoting so much time to music, sometimes at the expense of school.
  
  wn.com/Tony_Kanal
• 
  Topper Headon
  Nicholas Bowen "Topper" Headon (born 30 May 1955), known as "Topper" due to his resemblance to Mickey the Monkey from the Topper comic, is a British rock and roll drummer, best known for his membership in the punk rock band The Clash. He is commonly recognised as the most inspirational and technically inventive punk rock drummer of the late 1970s and early 1980s.^{[citation needed]} Writing for Allmusic Greg Pato stated that record producer Sandy Pearlman dubbed Headon as "The Human Drum Machine", due to his impeccable timing and drumming skills.
  Topper Headon spent his early childhood in Crockenhill, northwest Kent. He started playing drums at an early age and was a jazz fan, citing Billy Cobham as a strong influence. In 1973, Headon joined the cult progressive rock outfit Mirkwood. He appeared with them for a year and a half and they supported major acts such as Supertramp. He later played with a band which opened for American R&B legends The Temptations and admits to falsely claiming that he played with The Temptations.
  
  wn.com/Topper_Headon
• 
  Tracy Chapman
  Tracy Chapman (born March 30, 1964) is an American singer-songwriter, best known for her singles "Fast Car", "Talkin' 'bout a Revolution", "Baby Can I Hold You", "Crossroads", "Give Me One Reason" and "Telling Stories". She is a multi-platinum and four-time Grammy Award-winning artist.
  Tracy Chapman was born in Cleveland, Ohio. She was raised by her mother, who recognized Tracy's love of music and, despite not having much money, bought her a ukulele when she was just three. Chapman began playing guitar and writing songs at the age of eight. She says that she may have been first inspired to play the guitar by the television show Hee Haw.
  Chapman was raised Baptist and went to an Episcopal high school. She was accepted into the program "A Better Chance", which helps minority students attend private schools. She graduated from Wooster School in Connecticut, then attended Tufts University. She graduated with a B.A. degree in anthropology and African studies.
  In the mid-1990s, Chapman dated author Alice Walker. Chapman maintains a strong separation between her personal and professional lives. “I have a public life that’s my work life and I have my personal life,” she said. “In some ways, the decision to keep the two things separate relates to the work I do."
  
  wn.com/Tracy_Chapman
• Tymon Dogg
  Tymon Dogg (born Stephen John Murray in Formby, Lancashire, England) is a highly idiosyncratic English singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist, playing piano, violin, guitar, oud and a harp of his own invention. As well as developing his own solo sound, he worked with The Clash and later collaborated with Joe Strummer in The Mescaleros.
  Murray's musical career began at the age of 14, playing Bob Dylan and Donovan covers on harmonica and guitar at the Peppermint Lounge in Liverpool, and occasionally at the famous Cavern Club. While at school, he began using the pseudonym ‘Timon’.
  Spencer Leigh (now a DJ on BBC Radio Merseyside) met Timon in 1965 and encouraged the young musician's song-writing. He became his local promoter, helping him get gigs and sending off demo tapes to record companies.
  In 1968 Leigh arranged for Timon to visit Cyril Stapleton at Pye Records. Pye gave Timon an advance that was the equivalent of a year's wages. Timon moved to London where he began recording songs with arranger and producer Jerry Martin. Martin was a Canadian pop singer who was trying to make it as a producer in England. Timon released his first single "The Bitter Thoughts of Little Jane" in January 1968. The track also features future Led Zeppelin members John Paul Jones on bass and Jimmy Page on lead guitar. Martin was sacked just before the record was released and the record was given meagre promotion by Pye.
  
  wn.com/Tymon_Dogg
• Vince White
  Gregory Stuart Lee White (Marylebone, London, 1960), better known as Vince White, was one of the guitarists recruited by The Clash to replace Mick Jones after he was fired from the band in 1983.
  White graduated in astronomy and physics from University College London in 1981, and in fine art from Middlesex University in North London.
  White, along with Nick Sheppard, was one of the guitarists recruited by The Clash to replace Mick Jones when he left the band in 1983. He toured with the band, but only made a minimal appearance on the album Cut the Crap. The band finally split up in 1986.
  In 2007, White wrote his account of the final tumultuous years of The Clash, titled Out of Control: The Last Days of The Clash published by Moving Target books. He is currently an artist living in Notting Hill, west London.
  
  wn.com/Vince_White
• 
  Warren Zevon
  Warren William Zevon /ˈziːvɒn/ (January 24, 1947 – September 7, 2003) was an American rock singer-songwriter and musician noted for including his sometimes sardonic opinions of life in his musical lyrics, composing songs that were sometimes humorous and often had political or historical themes.
  Zevon's work has often been praised by well-known musicians, including Jackson Browne, Bruce Springsteen, Bob Dylan, and Neil Young. His best-known compositions include "Werewolves of London", "Lawyers, Guns and Money", "Roland the Headless Thompson Gunner" and "Johnny Strikes Up The Band," all of which are featured on his third album, Excitable Boy (1978). Other well-known songs written by Zevon have been recorded by other artists, including "Poor Poor Pitiful Me" (a top 40 hit by Linda Ronstadt), "Accidentally Like a Martyr," "Mohammed's Radio", "Carmelita", and "Hasten Down the Wind".
  Along with his own compositions, Zevon recorded or performed occasional covers, including Bob Dylan's "Knockin' on Heaven's Door" and Leonard Cohen's "First We Take Manhattan". He was a frequent guest on Late Night with David Letterman and The Late Show with David Letterman. Letterman later performed guest vocals on "Hit Somebody! (The Hockey Song)" with Paul Shaffer and members of the CBS Orchestra on Warren Zevon's "My Ride Is Here" album.
  
  wn.com/Warren_Zevon
• Wikipedia Persondata
  wn.com/Wikipedia_Persondata
• 
  Woody Guthrie
  Woodrow Wilson "Woody" Guthrie (July 14, 1912 – October 3, 1967) is best known as an American singer-songwriter and folk musician, whose musical legacy includes hundreds of political, traditional and children's songs, ballads and improvised works. He frequently performed with the slogan This Machine Kills Fascists displayed on his guitar. His best-known song is "This Land Is Your Land." Many of his recorded songs are archived in the Library of Congress. Such songwriters as Bob Dylan, Phil Ochs, Bruce Springsteen, John Mellencamp, Pete Seeger, Joe Strummer, Billy Bragg and Tom Paxton have acknowledged Guthrie as a major influence.
  Guthrie traveled with migrant workers from Oklahoma to California and learned traditional folk and blues songs. Many of his songs are about his experiences in the Dust Bowl era during the Great Depression, earning him the nickname the "Dust Bowl Troubadour." Throughout his life Guthrie was associated with United States communist groups, though he was seemingly not a member of any.
  
  wn.com/Woody_Guthrie
• 
  Zander Schloss
  Zander Schloss (born August 7, 1961 in St. Louis, Missouri) is a Los Angeles, California based musician, actor and composer. He is perhaps best known as bass player for The Circle Jerks and The Weirdos and for his contributions to a number of independent (cult status) feature films. His first screen appearance was as "Kevin the Nerd" in Repo Man. He went on to appear in a number of Alex Cox films as well as significant musical contributions in other Cox features such as Sid and Nancy (1986), Straight to Hell (1987), Walker (1987), El Patrullero (1991) and The Winner (1996).
  Schloss joined the Circle Jerks in 1984 after a two year stint with funk band The Juicy Bananas who contributed to the Repo Man sound track. He left the Jerks after two albums to join up with former Clash front man Joe Strummer in London as musical director and lead guitarist/multi-instrumentalist on several tours, solo albums and sound tracks. Schloss re-joined the Circle Jerks for their 1990 U.S. tour and continued to tour and record with the Jerks until 2010.
  
  wn.com/Zander_Schloss

'Joe Strummer': The Man (2007)

Genres

• Short

Taglines:

Quotes:

• Gangsterville
• King of the Bayou
• Island Hopping
• Slant Six
• Dizzy's Goatee
• Shouting Street
• Boogie With Your Children
• Leopardskin Limousines
• Sikorsky Parts
• Jewellers & Bums
• Highway One Zero Street
• Ride Your Donkey
• Passport to Detroit
• Sleepwalk

• Filibustero
• Omotepe
• Sandstorm
• Machete
• Viperland
• Nica Libre
• Latin Romance
• The Unknown Immortal
• Musket Waltz
• The Brooding Side of Madness
• Tennessee Rain
• Smash Everything
• Tropic of No Return
• Tropic of Pico
• Straight Shooter
• Brooding Six
• Filibustero (Freestyle mix)

• Filibustero
• Omotepe
• Sandstorm
• Machete
• Viperland
• Nica Libre
• Latin Romance
• The Unknown Immortal
• Musket Waltz
• The Brooding Side of Madness
• Tennessee Rain
• Smash Everything
• Tropic of No Return
• Tropic of Pico

• Diggin' the New
• Nothin' 'Bout Nothin'
• X-Ray Style
• Rock the Casbah
• Quarter Pound of Ishen
• Brand New Cadillac
• Tony Adams
• Trash City
• Nitcomb
• Road to Rock 'n' Roll
• White Ma in Hammersmith Palais
• Safe European Homes
• Yalla Yalla

Born: 1952-08-21

Died: 2002-12-22